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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.129.34988" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7a3be85e-9a8f-4749-9984-1e60c69e67d0" ID-PMC="PMC6717120" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-129-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="BF57C6B3C3065AEE9B4B3D47189C908F" ID-PubMed="31523157" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3382366" ModsDocID="1314-2003-129-1" checkinTime="1566623483646" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Paton, Alan J., Mwanyambo, Montfort, Govaerts, Rafael H. A., Smitha, Kokkaraniyil, Suddee, Somran, Phillipson, Peter B., Wilson, Trevor C., Forster, Paul I. &amp; Culham, Alastair" docDate="2019" docId="A02D111B37595FB38F6474D45F1A32F8" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 129: 1-158" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 129" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.129.34988" docTitle="Coleus ater Paton &amp; Mwanyambo &amp; Govaerts &amp; Smitha &amp; Suddee &amp; Phillipson &amp; Wilson &amp; Forster &amp; Culham 2019, nom. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="BF57C6B3C3065AEE9B4B3D47189C908F" lastPageNumber="16" masterDocId="BF57C6B3C3065AEE9B4B3D47189C908F" masterDocTitle="Nomenclatural changes in Coleus and Plectranthus (Lamiaceae): a tale of more than two genera" masterLastPageNumber="158" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="16" updateTime="1668139430914" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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Hook.f., Fl. Brit. India 4: 628. 1885., non
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Tribe
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<mods:title id="AE25ADA62D8DC4450687C32EFAD03919">Two new sympatric Knipowitschia species (Teleostei: Gobiidae) from an eastern Mediterranean coastal lake — examples of different dispersal patterns?</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C438E1B6D2DCCE94B806EA8610DBB4F8">Ahnelt, Harald</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="8F89EF8DB5B47D952BA467CB8C25CF45">2011</mods:date>
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<treatment id="A02DA27DFFB4FFB2FF7A424F983FFDF7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6189180" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119424660" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6189180" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A02DA27DFFB4FFB2FF7A424F983FFDF7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A02DA27DFFB4FFB2FF7A424F983FFDF7" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="1" pageNumber="23">
<subSubSection id="609E40E0FFB4FFB0FF7A424F9FA8FE59" pageId="1" pageNumber="23" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB4FFB0FF7A424F9E41FECD" blockId="1.[151,524,331,426]" box="[151,524,331,358]" pageId="1" pageNumber="23">
<heading id="7373A407FFB4FFB0FF7A424F9E41FECD" bold="true" box="[151,524,331,358]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="23" reason="1">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB4FFB0FF7A424F9E41FECD" bold="true" box="[151,524,331,358]" pageId="1" pageNumber="23">
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB4FFB0FF7A424F9DEAFECE" ID-CoL="6NLSS" box="[151,423,332,358]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="byblisia" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB4FFB0FF7A424F9DEAFECE" bold="true" box="[151,423,332,358]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="23">Knipowitschia byblisia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="01C37202FFB4FFB0FE4342489E41FECD" box="[430,524,331,357]" pageId="1" pageNumber="23" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB4FFB0FF7A426D9D68FE2E" blockId="1.[151,524,331,426]" box="[151,293,366,390]" pageId="1" pageNumber="23">Byblis Goby</paragraph>
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB4FFB0FF7A42919D51FE02" blockId="1.[151,524,331,426]" box="[151,284,402,426]" pageId="1" pageNumber="23">
<figureCitation id="B0BF0FEEFFB4FFB0FF7A42919D51FE02" box="[151,284,402,426]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStartId-0="1.[151,250,1691,1714]" captionStartId-1="2.[151,250,1678,1701]" captionTargetBox-0="[309,1277,1017,1667]" captionTargetBox-1="[174,1419,864,1632]" captionTargetId-0="figure@1.[309,1277,1017,1668]" captionTargetId-1="figure@2.[151,1436,841,1657]" captionTargetPageId-0="1" captionTargetPageId-1="2" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Top: Knipowitschia caunosi, ZMH 2175: 16, holotype, female, 26 mm SL. Bottom: Knipowitschia byblisia, ZMH 2175: 1, holotype, female, 21.1 mm SL. Both from Lake Köycegiz, Turkey." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Neuromast patterns and canal pores on the head of Knipwitschia byblisia, ZMH 2175: 1, holotype, female, 21.1 mm SL. PN, posterior nostril; for other terminology see text. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/202004/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/202005/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="23">Figures 12</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB4FFB0FF7A42D89FA8FE59" blockId="1.[151,997,474,497]" box="[151,997,474,497]" pageId="1" pageNumber="23">
Synonymy.
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB4FFB0FEE242D99E9BFE58" box="[271,726,474,496]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Pomatoschistus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="caucasicus" subGenus="Bubyr" subSpecies="kosswigi">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB4FFB0FEE242D99E9BFE58" box="[271,726,474,496]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="23">Pomatoschistus (Bubyr) caucasicus kosswigi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB4FFB0FD0E42D99F3DFE58" author="Ladiges" box="[739,880,474,496]" pageId="1" pageNumber="23" refString="Ladiges, W. (1964) Sußwasserfische der Turkei. 3. Teil Restliche Gruppen. Mitteilungen des hamburger zoologischen Museums und Instituts, 61, 203 - 220." type="journal article" year="1964">Ladiges 1964</bibRefCitation>
: 212 (part).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="609E40E0FFB4FFB0FF7A411E98CEFD09" pageId="1" pageNumber="23" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB4FFB0FF7A411E9C9BFDF1" blockId="1.[151,1436,541,962]" pageId="1" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB4FFB0FF7A411E9D46FD9D" bold="true" box="[151,267,541,565]" pageId="1" pageNumber="23">
<typeStatus id="F73FADC9FFB4FFB0FF7A411E9D4BFD9D" box="[151,262,541,565]" pageId="1" pageNumber="23" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="4E958BAEFFB4FFB0FEFE411D9D1CFD9D" box="[275,337,542,565]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kdnf-0379" name="Zoologisches Museum Hamburg" pageId="1" pageNumber="23">ZMH</collectionCode>
2175:1, female,
<quantity id="EF7CBE8EFFB4FFB0FDFE411E9E35FD9D" box="[531,632,541,565]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.11" pageId="1" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="21.1">21.1 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="4E958BAEFFB4FFB0FD6C411E9EE8FD9D" box="[641,677,541,565]" pageId="1" pageNumber="23">SL</collectionCode>
;
<collectingCountry id="509353FBFFB4FFB0FD5F411E9F4EFD9D" box="[690,771,541,565]" name="Turkey" pageId="1" pageNumber="23">Turkey</collectingCountry>
, Lake Köycegiz,
<geoCoordinate id="4DB075ACFFB4FFB0FC26411E9863FD9D" box="[971,1070,541,565]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="23" precision="925" value="36.916668">36°55N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="4DB075ACFFB4FFB0FBD6411E98D1FD9D" box="[1083,1180,541,565]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="23" precision="925" value="28.666666">28°40E</geoCoordinate>
; collected
<date id="5C3A35ABFFB4FFB0FAFB411E9C9FFDF1" pageId="1" pageNumber="23" value="1946-10-31">31. October 1946</date>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB4FFB0FF28416698CEFD09" blockId="1.[151,1436,541,962]" pageId="1" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB4FFB0FF2841669D09FDD5" bold="true" box="[197,324,613,637]" pageId="1" pageNumber="23">
<typeStatus id="F73FADC9FFB4FFB0FF2841669D72FDD5" box="[197,319,613,637]" pageId="1" pageNumber="23" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="4E958BAEFFB4FFB0FEA041659DC6FDD5" box="[333,395,614,637]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kdnf-0379" name="Zoologisches Museum Hamburg" pageId="1" pageNumber="23">ZMH</collectionCode>
2175:22175:6, five females,
<quantity id="EF7CBE8EFFB4FFB0FD0041669FDEFDD5" box="[749,915,613,637]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.195" metricValueMax="2.54" metricValueMin="1.85" pageId="1" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="21.95" valueMax="25.4" valueMin="18.5">18.525.4 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="4E958BAEFFB4FFB0FC7041669F8CFDD5" box="[925,961,613,637]" pageId="1" pageNumber="23">SL</collectionCode>
;
<collectionCode id="4E958BAEFFB4FFB0FC2241659840FDD5" box="[975,1037,614,637]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kdnf-0379" name="Zoologisches Museum Hamburg" pageId="1" pageNumber="23">ZMH</collectionCode>
2175:72175:8, four males,
<quantity id="EF7CBE8EFFB4FFB0FAB041669CB6FD09" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.335" metricValueMax="2.52" metricValueMin="2.15" pageId="1" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="23.35" valueMax="25.2" valueMin="21.5">21.5 25.2 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="4E958BAEFFB4FFB0FEEC418A9D68FD09" box="[257,293,649,673]" pageId="1" pageNumber="23">SL</collectionCode>
;
<collectionCode id="4E958BAEFFB4FFB0FEDC41899D22FD09" box="[305,367,650,673]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kdnf-0379" name="Zoologisches Museum Hamburg" pageId="1" pageNumber="23">ZMH</collectionCode>
2175:92175:13, five juveniles,
<quantity id="EF7CBE8EFFB4FFB0FD0C418A9FC9FD09" box="[737,900,649,673]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.46" metricValueMin="1.34" pageId="1" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="14.0" valueMax="14.6" valueMin="13.4">13.414.6 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="4E958BAEFFB4FFB0FC67418A9FE3FD09" box="[906,942,649,673]" pageId="1" pageNumber="23">SL</collectionCode>
; same as
<typeStatus id="F73FADC9FFB4FFB0FBF4418A9832FD09" box="[1049,1151,649,673]" pageId="1" pageNumber="23" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="609E40E0FFB4FFB0FF2841AE98A6FD41" pageId="1" pageNumber="23" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB4FFB0FF2841AE98A6FD41" blockId="1.[151,1436,541,962]" pageId="1" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB4FFB0FF2841AE9D01FD6D" bold="true" box="[197,332,685,709]" pageId="1" pageNumber="23">Etymology.</emphasis>
Named for the mythological figure Byblis, twin sister of Caunos who founded the ancient city Caunos at the Anatolian southwest coast. The ruins of this city are located close to Lake Köycegiz.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="609E40E0FFB4FFB0FF2841F6984CFC6A" pageId="1" pageNumber="23" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB4FFB0FF2841F6984CFC6A" blockId="1.[151,1436,541,962]" pageId="1" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB4FFB0FF2841F69D72FCA6" bold="true" box="[197,319,757,782]" pageId="1" pageNumber="23">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
A
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB4FFB0FE8C41F69E4EFCA5" box="[353,515,757,781]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB4FFB0FE8C41F69E4EFCA5" box="[353,515,757,781]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="23">Knipowitschia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with (1) scales in two patches in the axillary area and on the caudal region respectively; (2) rear part of the caudal peduncle, immediately anterior to the caudal fin, naked; (3) head canals reduced to two short postorbital canals; (4) three rows of free neuromasts in the interorbit, a paired longitudinal row and a short transverse row; (5) internal preoperculo-mandibular row extending postero-dorsally replacing the preopercular canal, at least in part of the population; (6) male colouration with 89 dark vertical bars on the sides, dark blotch on the rear of the first dorsal fin, and (7) first dorsal fin with six to seven rays.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="7CFB43E3FFB4FFB0FF7A45989FD8F978" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202004/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="23" targetBox="[309,1277,1017,1667]" targetPageId="1">
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB4FFB0FF7A45989FD8F978" blockId="1.[151,1436,1691,1745]" pageId="1" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB4FFB0FF7A45989D5EF919" bold="true" box="[151,275,1691,1714]" pageId="1" pageNumber="23">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
Top:
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB4FFB0FEA2459F9E7AF91A" box="[335,567,1692,1714]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caunosi">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB4FFB0FEA2459F9E7AF91A" box="[335,567,1692,1714]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="23">Knipowitschia caunosi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ZMH 2175:16, holotype, female, 26 mm SL. Bottom:
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB4FFB0FB80459F991BF91A" box="[1133,1366,1692,1714]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="1" pageNumber="23" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="byblisia">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB4FFB0FB80459F991BF91A" box="[1133,1366,1692,1714]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="23">Knipowitschia byblisia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ZMH 2175: 1, holotype, female, 21.1 mm SL. Both from Lake Köycegiz, Turkey.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="609E40E0FFB4FFB2FF2845FE9F0EFE04" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="1" pageNumber="23" type="description">
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB4FFB3FF2845FE9F5DFE04" blockId="1.[151,1436,1789,2029]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,151,788]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="1" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB4FFB0FF2845FE9D1AF8BE" bold="true" box="[197,343,1789,1814]" pageId="1" pageNumber="23">Description.</emphasis>
Measurements of the
<typeStatus id="F73FADC9FFB4FFB0FDA045FE9EE2F8BD" box="[589,687,1789,1813]" pageId="1" pageNumber="23" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<quantity id="EF7CBE8EFFB4FFB0FD5345FE9F6FF8BD" box="[702,802,1789,1813]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.11" pageId="1" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="21.1">21.1 mm</quantity>
SL) and nine adult
<typeStatus id="F73FADC9FFB4FFB0FC1045FD9824F8BE" box="[1021,1129,1790,1814]" pageId="1" pageNumber="23" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
(
<quantity id="EF7CBE8EFFB4FFB0FB9A45FE9956F8BD" box="[1143,1307,1789,1813]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.195" metricValueMax="2.54" metricValueMin="1.85" pageId="1" pageNumber="23" unit="mm" value="21.95" valueMax="25.4" valueMin="18.5">18.525.4 mm</quantity>
SL) as percent of standard length (range and mean in parentheses, values of
<typeStatus id="F73FADC9FFB4FFB0FC7744229FB1F891" box="[922,1020,1825,1849]" pageId="1" pageNumber="23" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
in brackets): head length 26.130.4 (27.8) [30.8], head width 12.212.6 (12.3) [11.4], distance from snout to origin of first dorsal fin 37.442.1 (39.5) [43.1], distance from snout to origin of second dorsal fin 56.760.1 (58.9) [57.9], distance from snout to anus 53.2 56.4 (54.9) [53.7], distance from snout to origin of anal fin 57.459.3 (58.8) [58.1], distance from snout to origin of pelvic fin 30.833.1 (31.6) [33.2], caudal peduncle length 22.326.1 (25.3) [23.2], length of first dorsal fin base 9.810.6 (10.3) [10.9], length of second dorsal fin base 15.617.5 (16.8) [17.1], length of anal fin base 13.315.0 (14.1) [15.2], caudal fin length 21.923.2 (22.4) [22.1], pectoral fin length 21.323.6 (22.8) [21.3], pelvic fin length 20.422.9 (22.0) [20.6], body depth at pelvic fin origin 18.619.7 (19.1) [18.5], body depth at anal fin origin 13.315.0 (14.2) [14.2], body width at anal fin origin 8.310.2 (9.4) [9.1], caudal peduncle depth 10.211.6 (10.7) [9.6] distance from origin of pelvic fin to anus 25.528.1 (26.8) [24.9]; as percent in caudal peduncle length: caudal peduncle depth 37.643.4 (41.8) [44.7]; as percentage of head length: snout length 20.623.5 (21.8) [20.0], postorbital length 46.150.0 (48.4) [49.2], eye diameter 25.528.6 (26.7) [26.2], cheek depth 17.519.0 (18.1) [17.9]; as percentage of eye diameter: interorbital width 55.562.2 (58.9) [54.7]; as percentage of distance from origin of pelvic fin to anus: pelvic fin length 73.690.6 (92.7) [99.0].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB7FFB3FF2842B4982CFDB0" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,788]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">
Counts (values of the
<typeStatus id="F73FADC9FFB7FFB3FE5442B49E56FE67" box="[441,539,439,463]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
are indicated by *): first dorsal fin VIVII (VI*: 14, VII: 1); second dorsal fin
<date id="5C3A35ABFFB7FFB3FA6642B49C8DFE5C" bridgedPair="/" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">I/ 79</date>
(7: 1, 8*: 12, 9: 2); anal fin
<date id="5C3A35ABFFB7FFB3FDE042DF9E04FE5C" box="[525,585,476,500]" bridgedPair="/" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">I/78</date>
(7*: 9, 8: 6); pectoral fin 1517 (15*: 6, 16: 8, 17: 1); pelvic fins (united, forming disc)
<date id="5C3A35ABFFB7FFB3FED842FC9D18FDBF" box="[309,341,511,535]" bridgedPair="/" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">I/5</date>
+
<date id="5C3A35ABFFB7FFB3FE8B42FC9DCBFDBF" box="[358,390,511,535]" bridgedPair="/" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">5/I</date>
, fifth ray longest; caudal fin 15 segmented and 13 branched rays.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB7FFB3FF2841279838FD0F" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,788]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">
The squamation is reduced to two patches of ctenoid scales, one in the axillary area, the second on the caudal peduncle (n = 7*). In two other specimens these patches are connected by a narrow band of scales in lateral midline. Specimens &lt;
<quantity id="EF7CBE8EFFB7FFB3FE8F416F9DFCFD2C" box="[354,433,620,644]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
SL are not considered. The scales of the posterior patch do not extend to the rear end of the caudal peduncle, leaving a narrow naked area immediately anterior of the caudal fin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB7FFB3FF2841B7982BFCBC" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,788]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">
Lateral-line system (
<figureCitation id="B0BF0FEEFFB7FFB3FE4741B79E40FD64" box="[426,525,692,716]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,1678,1701]" captionTargetBox="[174,1419,864,1632]" captionTargetId="figure@2.[151,1436,841,1657]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Neuromast patterns and canal pores on the head of Knipwitschia byblisia, ZMH 2175: 1, holotype, female, 21.1 mm SL. PN, posterior nostril; for other terminology see text. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202005/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">Figure 2</figureCitation>
): Head canals distinctly reduced. Posterior oculoscapular and preopercular canals absent. Only remnants of the anterior oculoscapular canal are left, i.e. the postorbital sections of the supraorbital canal with the pores D and F present. Both canal remnants are not fused in the midline.
</paragraph>
<caption id="7CFB43E3FFB7FFB3FF7A458D9FF3F96B" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202005/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" targetBox="[174,1419,864,1632]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB7FFB3FF7A458D9FF3F96B" blockId="2.[151,1436,1678,1731]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB7FFB3FF7A458D9D59F90C" bold="true" box="[151,276,1678,1701]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
Neuromast patterns and canal pores on the head of
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB7FFB3FCDE458C985CF90D" box="[819,1041,1679,1701]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipwitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="byblisia">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB7FFB3FCDE458C985CF90D" box="[819,1041,1679,1701]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">Knipwitschia byblisia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ZMH 2175:1, holotype, female, 21.1 mm SL. PN, posterior nostril; for other terminology see text. Scale bar = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB7FFB3FF2845E89D5DF8E3" blockId="2.[151,1437,1770,2011]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">
Rows and, in parentheses mean of numbers of free neuromasts (sensory papillae) from six
<typeStatus id="F73FADC9FFB7FFB3FB5545E898A5F8AB" box="[1208,1256,1771,1795]" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">type</typeStatus>
specimens with conspicuous head neuromasts which are important to separate this species from
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB7FFB3FBB044139896F88E" box="[1117,1243,1807,1831]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="2" pageNumber="24" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caunosi">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB7FFB3FBB044139896F88E" box="[1117,1243,1807,1831]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">K. caunosi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and from other congeners.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB7FFB2FF2844559EB6FECC" blockId="2.[151,1437,1770,2011]" lastBlockId="3.[151,1436,151,608]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">
Innervation by the anterior lateral-line nerve: (1) supraorbital: longitudinal rostral row
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB7FFB3FB46445498FBF8C6" bold="true" box="[1195,1206,1879,1902]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">s</emphasis>
(11.5) a continuous row ending anteriorly close to anterior nostril; longitudinal interorbital row
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB7FFB3FC04447F9FBAF83B" box="[1001,1015,1916,1939]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">p</emphasis>
(6.2) replacing interorbital section of the supraorbital canal; transversal row
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB7FFB3FDA544A39E16F81F" box="[584,603,1952,1975]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">w</emphasis>
(5.8), continuous (n = 4) or divided in a left and a right section (n = 2). (2) Infraorbital: longitudinal row
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB7FFB3FE0244C79DB0F873" box="[495,509,1988,2011]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">a</emphasis>
(8.5) with one to two transverse rows (1.8); transversal row
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB7FFB3FB2944C09890F873" box="[1220,1245,1987,2011]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="24">s3</emphasis>
(2.9) internal to supraorbital row
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB6FFB2FEB8439A9D2DFF18" box="[341,352,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">s</emphasis>
and close to upper lip. (3) Hyomandibular longitudinal row
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB6FFB2FBEF439B985DFF18" box="[1026,1040,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">b</emphasis>
(9.8) anteriorly not reaching below orbit; longitudinal row
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB6FFB2FE7443BE9DECFF7C" box="[409,417,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">i</emphasis>
(37.8) at least with two (n = 4) or with 35 (n = 2) neuromasts in course of the reduced preopercular canal. (4) Otic transversal row
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB6FFB2FD8743E29EC7FF50" box="[618,650,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">tra</emphasis>
(3.7) short and confluent with supraorbital row
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB6FFB2FB4243E298F0FF50" box="[1199,1213,225,248]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">n</emphasis>
. Innervation by the posterior lateral-line nerve: (1) supratemporal transversal row
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB6FFB2FCBE42069F2BFEB4" box="[851,870,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">tr</emphasis>
(6.7) short, not reaching close to longitudinal row
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB6FFB2FF7A422A9CE6FEE8" box="[151,171,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">m</emphasis>
(4.1). (2) Posterior dorsal row
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB6FFB2FDE3422A9E57FEE8" box="[526,538,297,320]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">y</emphasis>
(1.0) present. Posterior lateral transverse axillary row as1 (12.1) long, dorsally extending well above the longitudinal axillary rows
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB6FFB2FD32424F9EB8FECC" box="[735,757,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">la</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB6FFB2FF28426C9F0EFE04" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,608]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">
The possession of a transverse row of free neuromasts in the interorbit was believed to be a feature to separate
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB6FFB2FF7A42979DFAFE04" authority="Iljin 1928" authorityName="Iljin" authorityYear="1928" box="[151,439,404,428]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Hyrcanogobius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB6FFB2FF7A42979D0EFE04" box="[151,323,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">Hyrcanogobius</emphasis>
Iljin 1928
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB6FFB2FE1142979F72FE04" authority="Miller 2004" authorityName="Miller" authorityYear="2004" box="[508,831,404,428]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB6FFB2FE1142979ED3FE04" box="[508,670,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">Knipowitschia</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB6FFB2FD4142979F75FE04" author="Miller" box="[684,824,404,428]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" refString="Miller, P. J. (2004) Knipowitschia caucasica (Berg, 1916). In: Miller, P. J. (Ed) The freshwater fishes of Europe, 8 / II. AULA: Wiebelsheim, pp. 3343 - 364." type="journal article" year="2004">Miller 2004</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="609E40E0FFB6FFB2FF2A42B4983FFDF7" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB6FFB2FF2A42B4983FFDF7" blockId="3.[151,1436,151,608]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB6FFB2FF2A42B49E24FE78" bold="true" box="[199,617,439,464]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">Coloration in preserved specimens.</emphasis>
Description of colouration is based on preserved material. All specimens are pale fawn. Markings on the body are very indistinct, possibly due to preservation. Two males with about eight to nine faded stripes and blotches along lateral midline and a distinct dark spot in the rear of the first dorsal fin restricted to the area between fifth and sixth fin ray, not extending to the end of the fin membrane. Indistinct dark blotches in lateral midline of females but very faded. No dark blotch on chin in females.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,731 @@
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<mods:title id="AC9951E5AC0810308C0EF8960D2EB32F">Two new sympatric Knipowitschia species (Teleostei: Gobiidae) from an eastern Mediterranean coastal lake — examples of different dispersal patterns?</mods:title>
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<treatment id="A02DA27DFFB6FFB6FF7A41AF98E3FE97" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6189182" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119424658" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6189182" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A02DA27DFFB6FFB6FF7A41AF98E3FE97" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A02DA27DFFB6FFB6FF7A41AF98E3FE97" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">
<subSubSection id="609E40E0FFB6FFB2FF7A41AF9FA8FCF9" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB6FFB2FF7A41AF9E43FD6D" blockId="3.[151,526,683,778]" box="[151,526,683,710]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">
<heading id="7373A407FFB6FFB2FF7A41AF9E43FD6D" bold="true" box="[151,526,683,710]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" reason="1">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB6FFB2FF7A41AF9E43FD6D" bold="true" box="[151,526,683,710]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB6FFB2FF7A41AF9DE4FD6E" ID-CoL="6NM54" box="[151,425,684,710]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caunosi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB6FFB2FF7A41AF9DE4FD6E" bold="true" box="[151,425,684,710]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">Knipowitschia caunosi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="01C37202FFB6FFB2FE5D41A89E43FD6D" box="[432,526,683,709]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB6FFB2FF7A41CD9D7DFD4E" blockId="3.[151,526,683,778]" box="[151,304,718,742]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">Caunos Goby</paragraph>
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB6FFB2FF7A41F19D51FCA2" blockId="3.[151,526,683,778]" box="[151,284,754,778]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">
<figureCitation id="B0BF0FEEFFB6FFB2FF7A41F19D4DFCA2" box="[151,256,754,778]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,250,1691,1714]" captionTargetBox="[309,1277,1017,1667]" captionTargetId="figure@1.[309,1277,1017,1668]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1. Top: Knipowitschia caunosi, ZMH 2175: 16, holotype, female, 26 mm SL. Bottom: Knipowitschia byblisia, ZMH 2175: 1, holotype, female, 21.1 mm SL. Both from Lake Köycegiz, Turkey." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202004/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">Figures 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="B0BF0FEEFFB6FFB2FEE341F19D51FCA2" box="[270,284,754,778]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,969,992]" captionTargetBox="[289,1303,345,940]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[277,1310,337,948]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Neuromast patterns and canal pores of Knipwitschia caunosi, ZMH 2175: 16, holotype, female, 26 mm SL. PN, posterior nostril; for other terminology see text. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202006/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">3</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB6FFB2FF7A40389FA8FCF9" blockId="3.[151,997,826,849]" box="[151,997,826,849]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">
Synonymy.
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB6FFB2FEE240399E9BFCF8" box="[271,726,826,848]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Pomatoschistus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="subSpecies" species="caucasicus" subGenus="Bubyr" subSpecies="kosswigi">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB6FFB2FEE240399E9BFCF8" box="[271,726,826,848]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">Pomatoschistus (Bubyr) caucasicus kosswigi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB6FFB2FD0E40399F3DFCF8" author="Ladiges" box="[739,880,826,848]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" refString="Ladiges, W. (1964) Sußwasserfische der Turkei. 3. Teil Restliche Gruppen. Mitteilungen des hamburger zoologischen Museums und Instituts, 61, 203 - 220." type="journal article" year="1964">Ladiges 1964</bibRefCitation>
: 212 (part).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="609E40E0FFB6FFB2FF7A407E99D0FC75" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB6FFB2FF7A407E9C9BFC11" blockId="3.[151,1437,893,2033]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB6FFB2FF7A407E9D46FC3D" bold="true" box="[151,267,893,917]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">
<typeStatus id="F73FADC9FFB6FFB2FF7A407E9D4BFC3D" box="[151,262,893,917]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="4E958BAEFFB6FFB2FEFF407D9D1DFC3D" box="[274,336,894,917]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kdnf-0379" name="Zoologisches Museum Hamburg" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">ZMH</collectionCode>
2175:16, female, 26.0 mm
<collectionCode id="4E958BAEFFB6FFB2FD64407E9EE0FC3D" box="[649,685,893,917]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">SL</collectionCode>
;
<collectingCountry id="509353FBFFB6FFB2FD54407E9F47FC3D" box="[697,778,893,917]" name="Turkey" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">Turkey</collectingCountry>
, Lake Köycegiz,
<geoCoordinate id="4DB075ACFFB6FFB2FC23407E987CFC3D" box="[974,1073,893,917]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" precision="925" value="36.916668">36°55N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="4DB075ACFFB6FFB2FBD3407E98D2FC3D" box="[1086,1183,893,917]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" precision="925" value="28.666666">28°40E</geoCoordinate>
; collected
<date id="5C3A35ABFFB6FFB2FAFA407E9C9FFC11" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" value="1946-10-31">31. October 1946</date>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB6FFB2FF2840C699D0FC75" blockId="3.[151,1437,893,2033]" box="[197,1437,965,989]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB6FFB2FF2840C69D09FC75" bold="true" box="[197,324,965,989]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">
<typeStatus id="F73FADC9FFB6FFB2FF2840C69D72FC75" box="[197,319,965,989]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
</emphasis>
<collectionCode id="4E958BAEFFB6FFB2FEA740C59DC5FC75" box="[330,392,966,989]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kdnf-0379" name="Zoologisches Museum Hamburg" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">ZMH</collectionCode>
2175:17, one male,
<quantity id="EF7CBE8EFFB6FFB2FD8140C69E9DFC75" box="[620,720,965,989]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.56" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="25.6">25.6 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="4E958BAEFFB6FFB2FD3B40C69EB4FC75" box="[726,761,965,989]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">SL</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="4E958BAEFFB6FFB2FCE940C59F0FFC75" box="[772,834,966,989]" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/kdnf-0379" name="Zoologisches Museum Hamburg" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">ZMH</collectionCode>
2175:18, one female,
<quantity id="EF7CBE8EFFB6FFB2FBD140C698D2FC75" box="[1084,1183,965,989]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.66" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="26.6">26.6 mm</quantity>
<collectionCode id="4E958BAEFFB6FFB2FB4B40C69887FC75" box="[1190,1226,965,989]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">SL</collectionCode>
; same as
<typeStatus id="F73FADC9FFB6FFB2FADE40C699D4FC75" box="[1331,1433,965,989]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="609E40E0FFB6FFB2FF2840E99F9EFB8D" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB6FFB2FF2840E99F9EFB8D" blockId="3.[151,1437,893,2033]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB6FFB2FF2840E99D01FBAA" bold="true" box="[197,332,1002,1026]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">Etymology.</emphasis>
Named for the mythological figure Caunos, twin brother of Byblis and founder of the ancient Carian city Caunos. The ruins of this city are located close to Lake Köycegiz.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="609E40E0FFB6FFB2FF2847329EE3FB55" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB6FFB2FF2847329EE3FB55" blockId="3.[151,1437,893,2033]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB6FFB2FF2847329D72FBE2" bold="true" box="[197,319,1073,1098]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
A
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB6FFB2FE8E47329E48FBE1" box="[355,517,1073,1097]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB6FFB2FE8E47329E48FBE1" box="[355,517,1073,1097]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">Knipowitschia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with (1) scales from the axilla in midline to the caudal peduncle, extending onto base of caudal fin; (2) anterior oculoscapular canal present, ending anteriorly with a pair of interorbital pores; (3) preopercular canal present with two terminal pores; (4) external preorbital neuromast row extending anteriorly close to the upper lip; (5) anterior preorbital row absent; (6) anterior transverse row long, extending on the nape; (7) pelvic frenum with smooth free edge; (8) male colouration without vertical bars or striae, dark blotch in the rear of the first dorsal fin; first dorsal fin rays VVI.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="609E40E0FFB6FFB5FF28460A9F1DFA66" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" type="description">
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB6FFB2FF28460A9E8DF8B1" blockId="3.[151,1437,893,2033]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB6FFB2FF28460A9D1AFA8A" bold="true" box="[197,343,1289,1314]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">Description.</emphasis>
Measurements of the
<typeStatus id="F73FADC9FFB6FFB2FDA0460A9EE2FA89" box="[589,687,1289,1313]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<quantity id="EF7CBE8EFFB6FFB2FD53460A9F6EFA89" box="[702,803,1289,1313]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.59" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="25.9">25.9 mm</quantity>
SL) and two
<typeStatus id="F73FADC9FFB6FFB2FC5446099869FA8A" box="[953,1060,1290,1314]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
(
<quantity id="EF7CBE8EFFB6FFB2FBDE460A989AFA89" box="[1075,1239,1289,1313]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.605" metricValueMax="2.65" metricValueMin="2.56" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="26.05" valueMax="26.5" valueMin="25.6">25.626.5 mm</quantity>
SL) as percent of standard length (range and mean in parentheses, values of
<typeStatus id="F73FADC9FFB6FFB2FCA5462E9FE7FAED" box="[840,938,1325,1349]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
in brackets): head length 25.725.8 (25.8) [25.5], head width 11.312.5 (11.9) [11.9], distance from snout to origin of first dorsal fin 36.237.5 (36.9) [37.6], distance from snout to origin of second dorsal fin 54.755.8 (55.3) [55.2], distance from snout to anus 50.855.5 (53.2) [54.4], distance from snout to origin of anal fin 55.559.2 (57.4) [58.3], distance from snout to origin of pelvic fin 29.3-31-3 (30.3) [29.7], caudal peduncle length 28.329.7 (29.0) [29.7], length of first dorsal fin base 8.7+10.7 (9.7) [8.9], length of second dorsal fin base 14.716.8 (15.8) [15.1], length of anal fin base 12.914.4 (13.7) [12.4], caudal fin length 20.422.3 (21.4) [damaged], pectoral fin length 20.022.3 (21.2) [20.1], pelvic fin length 22.3+23.0 (22.7) [22.0], body depth at pelvic fin origin 19.619.9 (19.8) [19.3], body depth at anal fin origin 15.516.8 (16.2) [16.2], body width at anal fin origin 9.810.2 (10.0) [10.0], caudal peduncle depth 9.09.8 (9.4) [9.3], distance from origin of pelvic fin to anus 23.826.4 (25.1) [28.0]; as percent in caudal peduncle length: caudal peduncle depth 32.032.9 (32.5) [31.2]; as percent of head length: snout length 24.226.5 (25.4) [22.9], postorbital length 46.655.1 (50.9) [51.5], eye diameter 24.227.9 (26.1) [22.7], cheek depth 20.622.7 (21.7) [17.7]; as percent of eye diameter: interorbital width 47.450.0 (48.7) [53.3]; as percent of distance from origin of pelvic fin to anus: pelvic fin length 85.795.2 (90.4) [82.9].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB6FFB2FF2844269DB2F801" blockId="3.[151,1437,893,2033]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">
Counts (values of the
<typeStatus id="F73FADC9FFB6FFB2FE5144269E53F895" box="[444,542,1829,1853]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
are indicated by *): first dorsal fin VVI (V: 2, VI*: 1); second dorsal fin D2
<date id="5C3A35ABFFB6FFB2FA6644269CEAF8C9" bridgedPair="/" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">I/ 8</date>
; A
<date id="5C3A35ABFFB6FFB2FF23444A9D44F8C9" box="[206,265,1865,1889]" bridgedPair="/" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">I/78</date>
(7: 1, 8*: 29); pectoral fin 1517 (15*: 2, 17: 1); pelvic fin complete, pelvic fins (united, forming disc)
<date id="5C3A35ABFFB6FFB2FA66444A9CE9F82D" bridgedPair="/" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">I/ 5</date>
+
<date id="5C3A35ABFFB6FFB2FF58446E9C9BF82D" box="[181,214,1901,1925]" bridgedPair="/" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">5/I</date>
, fifth ray longest; caudal fin 15 segmented and 13 branched rays; scales in lateral series 30 32 (30: 1, 32*: 2), scales in transversal series 8.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB6FFB2FF2844B699D6F859" blockId="3.[151,1437,893,2033]" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">
The body squamation is typical for a
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB6FFB2FD8E44B69F48F865" box="[611,773,1973,1997]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="3" pageNumber="25" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB6FFB2FD8E44B69F48F865" box="[611,773,1973,1997]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="25">Knipowitschia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species with head, nape, back to origin of second dorsal fin and breast naked. The ctenoid scales extend posteriorly from the base of the pectoral fin on the base of the caudal fin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB1FFB5FF28439498B9FEB4" blockId="4.[151,1436,151,284]" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">
Lateral-line system (
<figureCitation id="B0BF0FEEFFB1FFB5FE4043949DBCFF07" box="[429,497,151,175]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,969,992]" captionTargetBox="[289,1303,345,940]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[277,1310,337,948]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Neuromast patterns and canal pores of Knipwitschia caunosi, ZMH 2175: 16, holotype, female, 26 mm SL. PN, posterior nostril; for other terminology see text. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202006/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
): The anterior oculoscapular canals are fused in the midline at a single pore D with paired interorbital pores C and postorbital pores F and H or not fused in midline with two pores in position of pore D and with short remnants of the interorbital canals anterior to pore D, as a short canal or as furrow. A preopercular canal is developed, with pores M and
<collectingCountry id="509353FBFFB1FFB5FDD242079E18FEB4" box="[575,597,260,284]" name="Iceland" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">O</collectingCountry>
, in one specimen or just as an open furrow in the other two.
</paragraph>
<caption id="7CFB43E3FFB1FFB5FF7A40CA9F75FC55" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202006/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="26" targetBox="[289,1303,345,940]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB1FFB5FF7A40CA9F75FC55" blockId="4.[151,1436,969,1021]" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB1FFB5FF7A40CA9D59FC76" bold="true" box="[151,276,969,992]" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Neuromast patterns and canal pores of
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB1FFB5FD5F40CA9FC3FC77" box="[690,910,969,991]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipwitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caunosi">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB1FFB5FD5F40CA9FC3FC77" box="[690,910,969,991]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">Knipwitschia caunosi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, ZMH 2175:16, holotype, female, 26 mm SL. PN, posterior nostril; for other terminology see text. Scale bar = 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB1FFB5FF28472898E1FBCF" blockId="4.[151,1437,1066,2027]" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">
Rows and, in parentheses, mean of numbers of free neuromasts (sensory papillae) from the three
<typeStatus id="F73FADC9FFB1FFB5FACD4728991DFBEB" box="[1312,1360,1067,1091]" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">type</typeStatus>
specimens which are important to separate this species from
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB1FFB5FCE847539F32FBCE" box="[773,895,1102,1127]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipwitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="byblisia">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB1FFB5FCE847539F32FBCE" box="[773,895,1102,1127]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">K. byblisia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and from other congeners.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB1FFB5FF2847719E50FACA" blockId="4.[151,1437,1066,2027]" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">
Innervation by the antertior lateral-line nerve: (1) supraorbital: longitudinal rostral row
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB1FFB5FB41477098FAFB22" bold="true" box="[1196,1207,1139,1162]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">s</emphasis>
(10.3) a continuous row ending anteriorly close to upper lip; longitudinal interorbital row
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB1FFB5FC2D479B9F83FB07" box="[960,974,1176,1199]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">p</emphasis>
absent, also in one specimen where the interorbital section of the supraorbital canal is not closed but present as a deep furrow. (2) Infraorbital: longitudinal row
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB1FFB5FF2447E39C9AFB5F" box="[201,215,1248,1271]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">a</emphasis>
(8.3) with two to three short transverse rows; transversal row
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB1FFB5FC6247DD9FE5FB5E" box="[911,936,1246,1270]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">s3</emphasis>
absent. (3) Hyomandibular longitudinal row
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB1FFB5FF7A46019CE8FAB2" box="[151,165,1282,1306]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">b</emphasis>
(11.7) anteriorly reaching below orbit; longitudinal row
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB1FFB5FCCD46009F65FAB2" box="[800,808,1283,1306]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">i</emphasis>
(32.3) ending close to pore
<collectingCountry id="509353FBFFB1FFB5FB8E4601983AFAB2" box="[1123,1143,1282,1306]" name="Iceland" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">O</collectingCountry>
of the preopercular canal. (4) Otic transversal row
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB1FFB5FE45462B9D84FA97" box="[424,457,1320,1343]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">tra</emphasis>
(6.6) confluent with supraorbital row
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB1FFB5FC99462B9FCFFA97" box="[884,898,1320,1343]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">n</emphasis>
and ventrally extending two third of distance to hyomandibular longitudinal row b.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB1FFB5FF28466D9F1DFA66" blockId="4.[151,1437,1066,2027]" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">
Innervation by the posterior lateral-line nerve: (1) supratemporal transversal row
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB1FFB5FBB84673982AFA2F" box="[1109,1127,1392,1415]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">tr</emphasis>
(13.5) long, reaching close to longitudinal row
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB1FFB5FE9E46909DCAFA02" box="[371,391,1427,1450]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">m</emphasis>
(5.3). (2) Posterior dorsal row
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB1FFB5FD0C46909EA0FA02" box="[737,749,1427,1450]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">y</emphasis>
absent. Posterior lateral transverse axillary row
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB1FFB5FAE546919962FA02" box="[1288,1327,1426,1450]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">as1</emphasis>
(8) short, dorsally not extending above the longitudinal axillary rows
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB1FFB5FCD946B59F07FA66" box="[820,842,1462,1486]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">la</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="609E40E0FFB1FFB5FF2846D99958F992" pageId="4" pageNumber="26" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB1FFB5FF2846D99958F992" blockId="4.[151,1437,1066,2027]" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB1FFB5FF2846D99E25FA5B" bold="true" box="[197,616,1498,1523]" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">Coloration in preserved specimens.</emphasis>
Description of colouration is based on preserved material. All specimens are pale fawn. No markings on the body have been identified. The first dorsal fin in males has a distinct dark spot in the rear, extending from fifth ray to the end of the fin membrane. No dark blotch on chin in females.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="609E40E0FFB1FFB5FF2A45449805F89E" pageId="4" pageNumber="26" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB1FFB5FF2A45449805F89E" blockId="4.[151,1437,1066,2027]" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB1FFB5FF2A45449D79F9F7" bold="true" box="[199,308,1607,1631]" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">Remarks</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB1FFB5FEA945459D92F9F7" bold="true" box="[324,479,1606,1631]" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">Distribution:</emphasis>
Six species of the Ponto-Caspian genus
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB1FFB5FC594545981BF9F6" box="[948,1110,1606,1630]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB1FFB5FC594545981BF9F6" box="[948,1110,1606,1630]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">Knipowitschia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB1FFB5FB88454B98B5F9F6" box="[1125,1272,1607,1631]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caucasica">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB1FFB5FB88454B98B5F9F6" box="[1125,1272,1607,1631]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">K. caucasica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB1FFB5FAE5454B993EF9F6" box="[1288,1395,1606,1631]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ephesi">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB1FFB5FAE5454B993EF9F6" box="[1288,1395,1606,1631]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">K. ephesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB1FFB5FA6F454B9CB7F92A" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mermere">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB1FFB5FA6F454B9CB7F92A" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">K. mermere</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB1FFB5FEEA45689E69F92A" authority="Vinciguerra" authorityName="Vinciguerra" box="[263,548,1642,1666]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thessala">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB1FFB5FEEA45689DC9F92A" box="[263,388,1642,1666]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">K. thessala</emphasis>
(Vinciguerra)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB1FFB5FDC245689EE5F92A" box="[559,680,1642,1666]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipwitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="byblisia" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB1FFB5FDC245689EE5F92A" box="[559,680,1642,1666]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">K. byblisia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="01C37202FFB1FFB5FD4245689F48F92A" box="[687,773,1643,1666]" pageId="4" pageNumber="26" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
and
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB1FFB5FCD645689FFEF92A" box="[827,947,1643,1666]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipwitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caunosi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB1FFB5FCD645689FFEF92A" box="[827,947,1643,1666]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">K. caunosi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="01C37202FFB1FFB5FC544568985DF92A" box="[953,1040,1643,1666]" pageId="4" pageNumber="26" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
occur in peripheral habitats around the Aegean Sea (Ahnelt
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB1FFB5FE4645939DA9F90E" box="[427,484,1678,1703]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">et al.</emphasis>
1995;
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB1FFB5FDDE458D9EF6F90E" author="Miller" box="[563,699,1678,1702]" pageId="4" pageNumber="26" refString="Miller, P. J. (2004) Knipowitschia caucasica (Berg, 1916). In: Miller, P. J. (Ed) The freshwater fishes of Europe, 8 / II. AULA: Wiebelsheim, pp. 3343 - 364." type="journal article" year="2004">Miller 2004</bibRefCitation>
; this study) (
<figureCitation id="B0BF0FEEFFB1FFB5FCA0458D9FFDF90E" box="[845,944,1678,1702]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1544,1567]" captionTargetBox="[153,1435,412,1515]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[151,1436,409,1523]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Geographical distribution of the genus Knipowitschia in the Aegean Region. Open circle, K. thessala; filled circle, K. caucasica, open triangle, K. mermere; filled triangle, K. ephesi; star, Lake Köycegiz, type locality of K. byblisia and K. caunosi." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202007/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">Figure 4</figureCitation>
). These species are primary-like freshwater fishes that evolved from an ancient euryhaline ancestor of Paratethys and show a similar pattern of distribution to that of primary freshwater fishes (
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB1FFB5FDF445D59EA2F946" author="Bianco" box="[537,751,1750,1775]" pageId="4" pageNumber="26" refString="Bianco, P. G., Ahnelt, H. &amp; Economidis, P. S. (1996) The freshwater fishes from eastern, and Large Mediterranean islands with comments on their safety status. Acta Univiversitatis Carolinae Biologica, 40, 45 - 60." type="journal article" year="1996">
Bianco
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB1FFB5FD9C45DB9EE6F946" box="[625,683,1750,1775]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">et al.</emphasis>
1996
</bibRefCitation>
). They likely dispersed the same way, were affected by connection events during the last glacial maxima, and may have found refuges in suitable coastal habitats after sea level rises (Ahnelt 1995;
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB1FFB5FE5F441D9ECFF89E" author="Bianco" box="[434,642,1822,1847]" pageId="4" pageNumber="26" refString="Bianco, P. G., Ahnelt, H. &amp; Economidis, P. S. (1996) The freshwater fishes from eastern, and Large Mediterranean islands with comments on their safety status. Acta Univiversitatis Carolinae Biologica, 40, 45 - 60." type="journal article" year="1996">
Bianco
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB1FFB5FDE544239E0CF89E" box="[520,577,1822,1847]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">et al.</emphasis>
1996
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB1FFB5FD63441D9F2EF89E" author="Durand" box="[654,867,1822,1847]" pageId="4" pageNumber="26" refString="Durand, J. - D., Bianco, P. G., Laroche, J. &amp; Gilles, A. (2003) Insight into the origin of endemic Mediterranean ichthyofauna: Phylogeography of Chondrostoma genus (Teleostei, Cyprinidae). Journal of Heredity, 94, 315 - 328." type="journal article" year="2003">
Durand
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB1FFB5FD0444239F6CF89E" box="[745,801,1822,1847]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">et al.</emphasis>
2003
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB1FFB5FC83441D9871F89E" author="Reyjol" box="[878,1084,1822,1847]" pageId="4" pageNumber="26" refString="Reyjol, Y., Hugueny, B., Pont, D., Bianco P. G., Beier, U., Caiola, N., Casals, F., Cowx, I., Economou, A., Ferreira, T., Haidvogl, G., Noble, R., de Sosta, A., Vigneron, T. &amp; Virbickas, T. (2007) Patterns in species richness and endemism of European freshwater fish. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 16, 65 - 75." type="journal article" year="2007">
Reyjol
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB1FFB5FC2D44239FB4F89E" box="[960,1017,1822,1847]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">et al.</emphasis>
2007
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="609E40E0FFB1FFB6FF28444198E3FE97" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="4" pageNumber="26" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB1FFB4FF2844419886FECC" blockId="4.[151,1437,1066,2027]" lastBlockId="5.[151,1436,151,356]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB1FFB5FF2844419D85F8F2" ID-CoL="6NLSS" box="[197,456,1858,1882]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="byblisia">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB1FFB5FF2844419D85F8F2" box="[197,456,1858,1882]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">Knipowitschia byblisia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB1FFB5FDED44409E34F8F2" box="[512,633,1859,1882]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cauonsi">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB1FFB5FDED44409E34F8F2" box="[512,633,1859,1882]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">K. cauonsi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, only known from Lake Köycegiz, represent the southern and easternmost autochthonous record of this genus in the Mediterranean region and the first record of
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB1FFB5FB5C4465991EF8D6" ID-CoL="58L4" box="[1201,1363,1894,1918]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB1FFB5FB5C4465991EF8D6" box="[1201,1363,1894,1918]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">Knipowitschia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the transition of the Aegean to the eastern Mediterranean. Note that
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB1FFB5FC9B44889844F80A" ID-CoL="6NM4S" box="[886,1033,1931,1954]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caucasica">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB1FFB5FC9B44889844F80A" box="[886,1033,1931,1954]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">K. caucasica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been introduced unwittingly to Anatolian lakes (
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB1FFB5FEB844AD9E08F86E" author="Van" box="[341,581,1966,1991]" pageId="4" pageNumber="26" refString="Van Neer, W., Wildekamp, R. H., Kucuk, F. &amp; Unlusayin, M. (1999) First inland records of the euryhalin goby Knipowitschia caucasica from lakes in Anatolia, Turkey. Journal of Fish Biology, 54, 1334 - 1337." type="journal article" year="1999">
Van Neer
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB1FFB5FE2444B39E4FF86E" box="[457,514,1966,1991]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">et al.</emphasis>
1999
</bibRefCitation>
). Recently,
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB1FFB5FD2444B39F16F86E" ID-CoL="6NM4S" box="[713,859,1967,1991]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caucasica">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB1FFB5FD2444B39F16F86E" box="[713,859,1967,1991]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">K. caucasica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has also been reported from Lake Köycegiz (
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB1FFB5FAB044AD9D59F842" author="Balik" pageId="4" pageNumber="26" refString="Balik, S., Rusen, M., Sari, H. M., Ilhan, A. &amp; Topkara E. T. (2005) The fish fauna of Yuvarlakcay (Koycegiz, Mugla). In Turkish with English summary. Ege University Journal of Fisheries &amp; Aquatic Sciences, 22, 221 - 223." type="journal article" year="2005">
Balik
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB1FFB5FF7A44D79C9DF843" box="[151,208,2003,2027]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">et al.</emphasis>
2005
</bibRefCitation>
). Possibly this species has been misidentified (see
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB1FFB5FCBC44D19FA3F842" author="Ladiges" box="[849,1006,2002,2026]" pageId="4" pageNumber="26" refString="Ladiges, W. (1964) Sußwasserfische der Turkei. 3. Teil Restliche Gruppen. Mitteilungen des hamburger zoologischen Museums und Instituts, 61, 203 - 220." type="journal article" year="1964">Ladiges 1964</bibRefCitation>
), or
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB1FFB5FBCC44D798FEF843" ID-CoL="6NM4S" box="[1057,1203,2004,2027]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="4" pageNumber="26" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caucasica">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB1FFB5FBCC44D798FEF843" box="[1057,1203,2004,2027]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="26">K. caucasica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been introduced with fry of
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB0FFB4FEF8439B9E70FF07" ID-CoL="33HRJ" authority="Linnaeus" authorityName="Linnaeus" box="[277,573,151,176]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Cyprinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carpio">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB0FFB4FEF8439B9D81FF18" box="[277,460,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Cyprinus carpio</emphasis>
Linnaeus
</taxonomicName>
, as has been previously described for Anatolian lakes (
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB0FFB4FB4F439499DDFF07" author="Van" box="[1186,1424,151,176]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" refString="Van Neer, W., Wildekamp, R. H., Kucuk, F. &amp; Unlusayin, M. (1999) First inland records of the euryhalin goby Knipowitschia caucasica from lakes in Anatolia, Turkey. Journal of Fish Biology, 54, 1334 - 1337." type="journal article" year="1999">
Van Neer
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB0FFB4FAF9439A9900FF18" box="[1300,1357,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">et al.</emphasis>
1999
</bibRefCitation>
). All carp fry stocked before 1995 came from fish farms at the River Evros/Meric (Thracia), where
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB0FFB4FAE443BE99D1FF7C" ID-CoL="6NM4S" box="[1289,1436,189,212]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caucasica">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB0FFB4FAE443BE99D1FF7C" box="[1289,1436,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">K. caucasica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs naturally (
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB0FFB4FEB643DC9E01FF5F" author="Van" box="[347,588,223,248]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" refString="Van Neer, W., Wildekamp, R. H., Kucuk, F. &amp; Unlusayin, M. (1999) First inland records of the euryhalin goby Knipowitschia caucasica from lakes in Anatolia, Turkey. Journal of Fish Biology, 54, 1334 - 1337." type="journal article" year="1999">
Van Neer
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB0FFB4FE2243E29E4FFF50" box="[463,514,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">et al</emphasis>
. 1999
</bibRefCitation>
). Furthermore, a land-based fish farm, a possible source of introduction, is located close to the Köycegiz tributary Yuvarlakcay (
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB0FFB4FD1A42079FCFFEB4" author="Taseli" box="[759,898,260,284]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" refString="Taseli, B. K. (2009) Response of lake water quality to wastewater inputs from land-based fish farm located on Yuvarlakcay Creek in Koycegiz-Dalyan specially protected area, Turkey. Evironmental Montioring Assesment, 157, 557 - 574." type="journal article" year="2009">Taseli 2009</bibRefCitation>
). Stocking of
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB0FFB4FBCE420698C3FEB4" ID-CoL="33HRJ" box="[1059,1166,261,284]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cyprinidae" genus="Cyprinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cypriniformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="carpio">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB0FFB4FBCE420698C3FEB4" box="[1059,1166,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">C. carpio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
for recreational fishing started in the 1950s/1960s (Innal &amp; Erkakan 2006). Nevertheless, the material under investigation was collected in 1946, which confirms the autochthonous origin of
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB0FFB4FD23424E9F05FECC" ID-CoL="6NLSS" box="[718,840,332,356]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="byblisia">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB0FFB4FD23424E9F05FECC" box="[718,840,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">K. byblisia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB0FFB4FC93424E9FBBFECC" box="[894,1014,333,356]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipwitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caunosi">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB0FFB4FC93424E9FBBFECC" box="[894,1014,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">K. caunosi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Lake Köycegiz.
</paragraph>
<caption id="7CFB43E3FFB0FFB4FF7A450B9CA6F9F3" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202007/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" targetBox="[153,1435,412,1515]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB0FFB4FF7A450B9CA6F9F3" blockId="5.[151,1436,1544,1627]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB0FFB4FF7A450B9D5FF9B5" bold="true" box="[151,274,1544,1567]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Geographical distribution of the genus
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB0FFB4FD4E450B9F78F9B6" ID-CoL="58L4" box="[675,821,1544,1566]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB0FFB4FD4E450B9F78F9B6" box="[675,821,1544,1566]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Knipowitschia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the Aegean Region. Open circle,
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB0FFB4FB49450A9958F9B6" ID-CoL="6NLSL" box="[1188,1301,1544,1566]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="thessala">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB0FFB4FB49450A9958F9B6" box="[1188,1301,1544,1566]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">K. thessala</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; filled circle,
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB0FFB4FF7A452B9D51F995" ID-CoL="6NM4S" box="[151,284,1576,1597]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caucasica">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB0FFB4FF7A452B9D51F995" box="[151,284,1576,1597]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">K. caucasica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, open triangle,
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB0FFB4FE2F452B9E76F995" ID-CoL="6NM4P" box="[450,571,1576,1597]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mermere">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB0FFB4FE2F452B9E76F995" box="[450,571,1576,1597]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">K. mermere</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; filled triangle,
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB0FFB4FD0A452B9F05F995" ID-CoL="6NLT7" box="[743,840,1575,1597]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ephesi">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB0FFB4FD0A452B9F05F995" box="[743,840,1575,1597]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">K. ephesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; star, Lake Köycegiz, type locality of
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB0FFB4FB33452B9903F995" ID-CoL="6NLSS" box="[1246,1358,1575,1597]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="byblisia">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB0FFB4FB33452B9903F995" box="[1246,1358,1575,1597]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">K. byblisia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB0FFB4FA69452B9CABF9F3" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipwitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caunosi">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB0FFB4FA69452B9CABF9F3" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">K. caunosi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB0FFB4FF2A45809F5BF883" blockId="5.[151,1436,1667,2015]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB0FFB4FF2A45809D66F933" bold="true" box="[199,299,1667,1691]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Ecology.</emphasis>
No ecological data are associated with the sample of
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB0FFB4FC494580980BF933" ID-CoL="58L4" box="[932,1094,1667,1691]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB0FFB4FC494580980BF933" box="[932,1094,1667,1691]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Knipowitschia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Lake Köycegiz and the exact collection site is unknown. This small lake is characterised by brackish water (
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB0FFB4FB9445A4990CF917" author="Akin" box="[1145,1345,1703,1727]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" refString="Akin, S. Buhan, E., Winemiller, K. O. &amp; Yilmaz, H. (2005) Fish assemblage structure of Koycegiz Lagoon-Estuary, Turkey: Spatial and temporal distribution patterns in relation to environmental variation. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 64, 671 - 684." type="journal article" year="2005">
Akin
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB0FFB4FB5345AB98BEF917" box="[1214,1267,1703,1727]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">et al</emphasis>
. 2005
</bibRefCitation>
), which would have favoured a euryhaline stock of
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB0FFB4FD9145C89F53F94B" ID-CoL="58L4" box="[636,798,1739,1763]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB0FFB4FD9145C89F53F94B" box="[636,798,1739,1763]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Knipowitschia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Lake Köycegiz, a former bay of the Mediterranean Sea, was already in existence 4,000 BP. About 2,000 BP the harbour of the ancient city of Kaunos, located close to the lake, lost its connection to the open sea (
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB0FFB4FDB144109F44F883" author="Bruckner" box="[604,777,1811,1835]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" refString="Bruckner, H. (1997) Coastal changes in western Turkey; rapid delta propagation in historical times. In: Briand, F., Maldonado, A. (Eds) Transformations and evolution of the Mediterranean coastline. Bulletin de l'Institut oceanographique, no. sp. 18, 63 - 74." type="journal article" year="1997">Brückner 1997</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB0FFB7FF2A44359F88FE04" blockId="5.[151,1436,1667,2015]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1436,151,2012]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB0FFB4FF2A44359D50F8E7" bold="true" box="[199,285,1846,1871]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">Origin.</emphasis>
The occurrence of
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB0FFB4FE1B443B9E22F8E7" ID-CoL="6NLSS" box="[502,623,1847,1871]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="byblisia">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB0FFB4FE1B443B9E22F8E7" box="[502,623,1847,1871]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">K. byblisia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB0FFB4FD4B443B9F50F8E7" box="[678,797,1848,1871]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipwitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caunosi">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB0FFB4FD4B443B9F50F8E7" box="[678,797,1848,1871]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">K. caunosi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the transition area from the Aegean region to the eastern Mediterranean can be explained by two major events: the Messinian salinity crisis of the Mediterranean Sea at the end of the Miocene (about 5.6 million years ago) and the Pleistocene glaciations (between 650,00011,000 years ago). During the latter event, the salinity of the Black Sea varied substantially (
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB0FFB4FBA044A099DCF813" author="Yanko-Hombach" box="[1101,1425,1955,1979]" pageId="5" pageNumber="27" refString="Yanko-Hombach, V., Gilbert, A. S. &amp; Dolukhanov, P. (2007) Controversy over the great flood hypotheses in the Black Sea in light of geological, paleontological, and archeological evidence. Quaternary International, 167 - 168, 91 - 113." type="book chapter" year="2007">
Yanko-Hombach
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB0FFB4FAF944A79900F813" box="[1300,1357,1955,1979]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="27">et al.</emphasis>
2007
</bibRefCitation>
). At the end of the glacial maxima outflow of low salinity (26 ppt) or even fresh water connected the Black Sea with the Mediterranean Sea (summarized in
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB3FFB7FD6A43949F8AFF07" author="Yanko-Hombach" box="[647,967,151,176]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" refString="Yanko-Hombach, V., Gilbert, A. S. &amp; Dolukhanov, P. (2007) Controversy over the great flood hypotheses in the Black Sea in light of geological, paleontological, and archeological evidence. Quaternary International, 167 - 168, 91 - 113." type="book chapter" year="2007">
Yanko-Hombach
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FCA1439A9FCEFF18" box="[844,899,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">et al.</emphasis>
2007
</bibRefCitation>
). This enabled immigration of the autochthonous Ponto-Caspian sand goby genus
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB3FFB7FD6F43BF9F69FF7C" ID-CoL="58L4" box="[642,804,188,212]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FD6F43BF9F69FF7C" box="[642,804,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Knipowitschia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, in particular the euryhaline
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB3FFB7FB9F43BE9CACFF5F" ID-CoL="6NM4S" authority="Miller (2004)" authorityName="Miller" authorityYear="2004" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caucasica">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FB9F43BE9900FF7C" box="[1138,1357,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">K. caucasica sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB3FFB7FABB43BF9CACFF5F" author="Miller" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" refString="Miller, P. J. (2004) Knipowitschia caucasica (Berg, 1916). In: Miller, P. J. (Ed) The freshwater fishes of Europe, 8 / II. AULA: Wiebelsheim, pp. 3343 - 364." type="journal article" year="2004">Miller (2004)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
to the Aegean region where this species inhabits circum Aegean lagoons and freshwater habitats (
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB3FFB7FAA443DC9DCBFEB4" author="Economidis" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" refString="Economidis, P. S. &amp; Miller, P. J. (1990) Systematics of freshwater gobies of Greece (Teleostei: Gobiidae). Journal of Zoology, London, 221, 125 - 170." type="journal article" year="1990">Economidis &amp; Miller 1990</bibRefCitation>
; Ahnelt
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FE0542069E6FFEB4" box="[488,546,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">et al.</emphasis>
1995,
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB3FFB7FD9F42079F04FEB4" author="Bianco" box="[626,841,260,284]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" refString="Bianco, P. G., Ahnelt, H. &amp; Economidis, P. S. (1996) The freshwater fishes from eastern, and Large Mediterranean islands with comments on their safety status. Acta Univiversitatis Carolinae Biologica, 40, 45 - 60." type="journal article" year="1996">
Bianco
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FD2742069F48FEB4" box="[714,773,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">et al.</emphasis>
1996
</bibRefCitation>
). Gene flow between these populations is limited or prevented by marine conditions (33 ppt) and by the counter-clockwise surface currents in the Aegean Sea (
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB3FFB7FAA442249D59FECC" author="Hamad" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" refString="Hamad, N., Millot, C. &amp; Taupier-Letage, I. (2005) A new hypothesis about the surface circulation in the eastern basin of the Mediterranean Sea. Progress in Oceanography, 66, 287 - 298." type="journal article" year="2005">
Hamad
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FF7A424E9C9DFECC" box="[151,208,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">et al.</emphasis>
2005
</bibRefCitation>
). A similar distribution in isolated freshwater habitats in the Mediterranean basins is known from
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB3FFB7FA88424E9E7DFE2F" ID-CoL="3FCKT" authority="Linnaeus. These" authorityName="Linnaeus. These" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gasterosteidae" genus="Gasterosteus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Gasterosteiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="aculeatus">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FA88424E9D23FE20" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Gasterosteus aculeatus</emphasis>
Linnaeus. These
</taxonomicName>
populations apparently trace back to a stock of
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FBBE42739896FE20" box="[1107,1243,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">G. a c u l e a t u s</emphasis>
which inhabited the Mediterranean Sea during Pleistocene glacial periods (
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB3FFB7FCCF42979FF4FE04" author="Paepke" box="[802,953,404,428]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" refString="Paepke, H. - J. (2002) Gasterosteus aculeatus Linnaeus, 1758. In: Banarescu, P. M. &amp; Paepke, H. - J. (Eds) The freshwater fishes of Europe, 5 / III. AULA: Wiebelsheim, pp. 209 - 256." type="journal article" year="2002">Paepke 2002</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB3FFB7FF2842B49DD4FC9F" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,2012]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">
The second event, the salinity crisis of the Mediterranean, is characterized by a drastic drop in sea level and subsequently the establishment of brackish conditions in the “Lago Mare” phase of the Mediterranean basins (
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB3FFB7FF7342FC9D29FDBF" author="Penzo" box="[158,356,511,536]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" refString="Penzo, E, Gandolfi, G., Bargelloni, L., Colombo, L. &amp; Patarnello, T. (1998) Messinian salinity crisis and the origin of lifestyle in Western Mediterranean gobies. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 15, 1472 - 1480." type="journal article" year="1998">
Penzo
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FF0641029D6EFDB0" box="[235,291,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">et al.</emphasis>
1998
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB3FFB7FE9D41039E74FDBF" author="Huyse" box="[368,569,511,536]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" refString="Huyse, T., Van Houdt, J. &amp; Volckaert, F. A. M. (2004) Palaeoclimatic history and vicariant speciation in the &quot; sand goby &quot; group (Gobiidae, Teleostei). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 32, 324 - 336." type="journal article" year="2004">
Huyse
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FE5341029DBBFDB0" box="[446,502,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">et al.</emphasis>
2004
</bibRefCitation>
). The brackish fauna included many species of Paratethys origin (
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB3FFB7FAF942FC9C9CFD94" author="Popov" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" refString="Popov, S. V., Shcherba, I. G., Ilyina, L. B., Nevesskaya, L. A., Paramonova, N. P., Khondkarian, S. O., Magyar, I. (2006), Late Miocene to Pliocene palaeogeography of the Paratethys and its relation to the Mediterranean. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 238, 91 - 106." type="journal article" year="2006">
Popov
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FA89410299D1FDB0" box="[1380,1436,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">et al.</emphasis>
2006
</bibRefCitation>
) reaching the Mediterranean basins by spill-over (
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB3FFB7FCDC41279FFFFD94" author="Rogl" box="[817,946,548,572]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" refString="Rogl, F. (1998) Palaeogeographic considerations for the Mediterranean and Paratethys seaways. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Museums in Wien, 99 A, 279 - 310." type="journal article" year="1998">Rögl 1998</bibRefCitation>
). These fresh and brackish environments enabled the dispersal of euryhaline and freshwater fishes (
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB3FFB7FCC04144984FFDF7" author="Reyjol" box="[813,1026,583,608]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" refString="Reyjol, Y., Hugueny, B., Pont, D., Bianco P. G., Beier, U., Caiola, N., Casals, F., Cowx, I., Economou, A., Ferreira, T., Haidvogl, G., Noble, R., de Sosta, A., Vigneron, T. &amp; Virbickas, T. (2007) Patterns in species richness and endemism of European freshwater fish. Global Ecology and Biogeography, 16, 65 - 75." type="journal article" year="2007">
Reyjol
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FC6E414A9FF0FDC8" box="[899,957,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">et al.</emphasis>
2007
</bibRefCitation>
). After the formation of the modern Mediterranean Sea about 5.3 million years ago only isolated populations of a euryhaline ancestor of the Mediterranean
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB3FFB7FF3841939D3AFD00" ID-CoL="58L4" box="[213,375,656,680]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FF3841939D3AFD00" box="[213,375,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Knipowitschia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
populations survived in restricted areas such as estuaries and brackish lagoons (
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB3FFB7FAFF418C9C9FFD64" author="Penzo" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" refString="Penzo, E, Gandolfi, G., Bargelloni, L., Colombo, L. &amp; Patarnello, T. (1998) Messinian salinity crisis and the origin of lifestyle in Western Mediterranean gobies. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 15, 1472 - 1480." type="journal article" year="1998">
Penzo
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FA8F419299D1FD00" box="[1378,1436,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">et al.</emphasis>
1998
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB3FFB7FF3041B69DEAFD64" author="Huyse" box="[221,423,692,717]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" refString="Huyse, T., Van Houdt, J. &amp; Volckaert, F. A. M. (2004) Palaeoclimatic history and vicariant speciation in the &quot; sand goby &quot; group (Gobiidae, Teleostei). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 32, 324 - 336." type="journal article" year="2004">
Huyse
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FEC141B69D2EFD64" box="[300,355,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">et al.</emphasis>
2004
</bibRefCitation>
). Possibly such an ancestor gave rise to the Adriatic and the Aegean
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB3FFB7FB4B41B79905FD64" ID-CoL="58L4" box="[1190,1352,692,716]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FB4B41B79905FD64" box="[1190,1352,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Knipowitschia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
stocks, and isolation in estuaries, brackish lagoons and peripheral freshwaters clearly favoured speciation. Similar relicts of the Mediterranean Lago Mare fish fauna are the recent
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB3FFB7FCA641FF9FF8FCBC" ID-CoL="Y9K" box="[843,949,764,788]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cyprinodontidae" genus="Aphanius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FCA641FF9FF8FCBC" box="[843,949,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Aphanius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB3FFB7FC1D41FF980EFCBC" ID-CoL="7BST" box="[1008,1091,764,788]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Blenniidae" genus="Salaria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FC1D41FF980EFCBC" box="[1008,1091,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Salaria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species (
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB3FFB7FB4341FF99D5FCBC" author="Perdices" box="[1198,1432,764,788]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" refString="Perdices, A., Doadrio, I., Cote, I. M., Machordom, A., Economidis, P. &amp; Reynolds, J. D. (2000) Genetic divergence and origin of Mediterranean populations of the river blenny Salaria fluviatilis (Teleostei: Blenniidae). Copeia, 2000, 723 - 731." type="journal article" year="2000">
Perdices
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FAF541FE991EFCBC" box="[1304,1363,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">et al.</emphasis>
2000
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB3FFB7FF7A401C9DC3FC9F" author="Hrbek" box="[151,398,799,825]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" refString="Hrbek, T. &amp; Meyer, A. (2003) Closing the Tethys Sea and the phylogeny of Eurasian killyfishes (Cyprinodontiformes: Cyprinodontidae). Journal of Evolutionary Biology, 18, 17 - 36." type="journal article" year="2003">Hrbek &amp; Meyer 2003</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB3FFB7FF2840479E7AFBF0" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,2012]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB3FFB7FF2840479D84FCF4" ID-CoL="6NLSS" box="[197,457,836,860]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="byblisia">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FF2840479D84FCF4" box="[197,457,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Knipowitschia byblisia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB3FFB7FDE940469E32FCF4" box="[516,639,837,860]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipwitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caunosi">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FDE940469E32FCF4" box="[516,639,837,860]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">K. caunosi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occur sympatrically in a small coastal lake. Such a sympatric occurrence of two closely related
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB3FFB7FE3C406B9E3EFC28" ID-CoL="58L4" box="[465,627,872,896]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FE3C406B9E3EFC28" box="[465,627,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Knipowitschia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species is rare (
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB3FFB7FCC940649FE3FCD7" author="Miller" box="[804,942,871,895]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" refString="Miller, P. J. (2004) Knipowitschia caucasica (Berg, 1916). In: Miller, P. J. (Ed) The freshwater fishes of Europe, 8 / II. AULA: Wiebelsheim, pp. 3343 - 364." type="journal article" year="2004">Miller 2004</bibRefCitation>
), but is possibly based on different radiation scenarios.
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB3FFB7FEE3408E9DC4FC0C" ID-CoL="6NLSS" box="[270,393,908,932]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="byblisia">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FEE3408E9DC4FC0C" box="[270,393,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">K. byblisia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the most specialized and in its paedomorphic features similar to
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB3FFB7FB98408E9893FC0C" ID-CoL="6NLT7" box="[1141,1246,908,932]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ephesi">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FB98408E9893FC0C" box="[1141,1246,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">K. ephesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB3FFB7FAFA408E99D1FC0C" ID-CoL="6NM4P" box="[1303,1436,909,932]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mermere">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FAFA408E99D1FC0C" box="[1303,1436,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">K. mermere</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from eastern Aegean freshwater habitats (see below), could trace back to an ancient
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB3FFB7FBA240B398BCFC60" ID-CoL="58L4" box="[1103,1265,944,968]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FBA240B398BCFC60" box="[1103,1265,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Knipowitschia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
stock from the Mediterranean Lago Mare phase.
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB3FFB7FDC840D69ED0FC44" box="[549,669,981,1004]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipwitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caunosi">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FDC840D69ED0FC44" box="[549,669,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">K. caunosi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, more similar to
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB3FFB7FCB240D69FBDFC44" ID-CoL="6NM4S" box="[863,1008,981,1004]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caucasica">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FCB240D69FBDFC44" box="[863,1008,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">K. caucasica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, apperently radiated from a
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB3FFB7FAC240D69C89FBB8" ID-CoL="6NM4S" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caucasica">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FAC240D69C89FBB8" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">K. caucasica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
stock reaching the area of the Köycegiz lake during melting phases of Pleistocene glaciations. Possibly these different radiation scenarios also explain the paraphyletic position of the genus
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB3FFB7FBF6471F98F0FB9C" ID-CoL="58L4" box="[1051,1213,1052,1076]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FBF6471F98F0FB9C" box="[1051,1213,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Knipowitschia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
proposed by
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB3FFB7FABA471E9D6DFBF0" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" refString="Penzo, E, Gandolfi, G., Bargelloni, L., Colombo, L. &amp; Patarnello, T. (1998) Messinian salinity crisis and the origin of lifestyle in Western Mediterranean gobies. Molecular Biology and Evolution, 15, 1472 - 1480." type="journal article">
Penzo
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FF7A47429C82FBF0" box="[151,207,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">et al.</emphasis>
(1998)
</bibRefCitation>
and Hyuse
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FE4847429D93FBF0" box="[421,478,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">et al.</emphasis>
(2004).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB3FFB7FF2847679961FA4C" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,2012]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FF2847679D13FBD4" bold="true" box="[197,350,1124,1148]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Morphology.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB3FFB7FE8647679E3CFBD4" ID-CoL="6NM54" box="[363,625,1124,1148]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caunosi">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FE8647679E3CFBD4" box="[363,625,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Knipowitschia caunosi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and to a lesser extent
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB3FFB7FC7847669859FBD4" ID-CoL="6NLSS" box="[917,1044,1124,1148]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="byblisia">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FC7847669859FBD4" box="[917,1044,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">K. byblisia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, resemble the euryhaline eastern Aegean
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB3FFB7FF1E478A9DCEFB08" ID-CoL="6NM4S" box="[243,387,1161,1184]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caucasica">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FF1E478A9DCEFB08" box="[243,387,1161,1184]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">K. caucasica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
stock but differ in squamation and in the
<typeStatus id="F73FADC9FFB3FFB7FCB9478A9FC9FB09" box="[852,900,1161,1185]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">type</typeStatus>
of reduction of the head canals. Differences are distinct, particularly with
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB3FFB7FE5A47AE9E05FB6C" ID-CoL="6NM4S" box="[439,584,1197,1220]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caucasica">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FE5A47AE9E05FB6C" box="[439,584,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">K. caucasica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a species of larger body size and with completely developed head canals of the lateral line system, with fusion of the anterior oculoscapular canals in midline and posterior oculoscapular canal present (
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB3FFB7FF1547F79DC8FAA4" author="Miller" box="[248,389,1268,1292]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" refString="Miller, P. J. (2004) Knipowitschia caucasica (Berg, 1916). In: Miller, P. J. (Ed) The freshwater fishes of Europe, 8 / II. AULA: Wiebelsheim, pp. 3343 - 364." type="journal article" year="2004">Miller 2004</bibRefCitation>
). With reduction of body size, in head lateral-line canals and squamation,
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB3FFB7FB3E47F69903FAA4" ID-CoL="6NLSS" box="[1235,1358,1268,1292]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="byblisia">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FB3E47F69903FAA4" box="[1235,1358,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">K. byblisia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shows similar paedomorphic features to
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB3FFB7FDF4461A9ECEFA98" ID-CoL="6NLT7" box="[537,643,1304,1328]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ephesi">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FDF4461A9ECEFA98" box="[537,643,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">K. ephesi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB3FFB7FD53461A9F09FA98" ID-CoL="6NM4P" box="[702,836,1305,1328]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mermere">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FD53461A9F09FA98" box="[702,836,1305,1328]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">K. mermere</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Ahnelt 1995; Ahnelt
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FBA6461A98CBFA98" box="[1099,1158,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">et al.</emphasis>
1995) or the freshwater species from the Adriatic region (
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB3FFB7FDFD463F9EFCFAFC" author="Kovacic" box="[528,689,1340,1364]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" refString="Kovacic, M., (2005) A new species of Knipowitschia (Gobiidae) from Dalmatia, Croatia. Cybium, 29, 275 - 280." type="journal article" year="2005">Kovacic 2005</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB3FFB7FD50463F9F8AFAFC" author="Kovacic" box="[701,967,1340,1364]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" refString="Kovacic, M. &amp; Sanda, R. (2007) A new species of Knipowitschia (Perciformes: Gobiidae) from southern Montenegro. Journal of the National Museum (Prague), Natural History Series, 176, 81 - 89." type="journal article" year="2007">Kovacic &amp; Sanda 2007</bibRefCitation>
). All these species are miniature as adults (&lt;
<quantity id="EF7CBE8EFFB3FFB7FF5A465C9D4BFAD0" box="[183,262,1375,1400]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="28.0">28 mm</quantity>
SL) and characterised by high morphological uniformity due to paedomorphosis. Small body size offers increased habitat opportunities, a fine subdivision of the environment and it enables survival in small habitats with limited or fluctuating resources (
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB3FFB7FDEB46A49F4CFA17" author="Dial" box="[518,769,1447,1471]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" refString="Dial, K. P. &amp; Marzluff J. M. (1988) Are the smallest organisms the most diverse? Ecology, 69, 620 - 1624." type="journal article" year="1988">Dial &amp; Marzluff 1988</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB3FFB7FCE346A49FDAFA17" author="Miller" box="[782,919,1447,1471]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" refString="Miller, P. J. (1996) The functional ecology of small fish: some opportunities and consequences. In: Miller P. J. (Ed) Miniature vertebrates: the implications of small body size. Zoological Society of London, Oxford, pp. 175 - 195." type="book chapter" year="1996">Miller 1996</bibRefCitation>
). Additionally, small body size is often linked to short generation time (
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB3FFB7FE5D46CF9E76FA4C" author="Miller" box="[432,571,1484,1508]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" refString="Miller, P. J. (1996) The functional ecology of small fish: some opportunities and consequences. In: Miller P. J. (Ed) Miniature vertebrates: the implications of small body size. Zoological Society of London, Oxford, pp. 175 - 195." type="book chapter" year="1996">Miller 1996</bibRefCitation>
), which favours diversity and speciation (
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB3FFB7FBE046CF9952FA4C" author="Martin" box="[1037,1311,1484,1508]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" refString="Martin, A. P. &amp; Palumbi, S. R. (1993) Body size, metabolic-rate, generation time, and the molecular clock. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the USA, 90, 4087 - 4091." type="journal article" year="1993">Martin &amp; Palumbi 1993</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB3FFB7FF2846EC9FDBF8E4" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,2012]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">
Completion of the life cycles of small gobiid fishes, in isolated and small habitats seems to favour reduction or loss of squamation and of the head lateral-line canals (Ahnelt 1995; Ahnelt
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FC0A4516986DF984" box="[999,1056,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">et al.</emphasis>
2004;
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB3FFB7FB804517993AF984" author="Kovacic" box="[1133,1399,1556,1580]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" refString="Kovacic, M. &amp; Sanda, R. (2007) A new species of Knipowitschia (Perciformes: Gobiidae) from southern Montenegro. Journal of the National Museum (Prague), Natural History Series, 176, 81 - 89." type="journal article" year="2007">Kovacic &amp; Sanda 2007</bibRefCitation>
). If replaced by free neuromasts, the loss of head canals may also contribute to increased sensitivity of the lateral line system as discussed for
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB3FFB7FE4B455F9F65F9DC" ID-CoL="3BYPT" authority="Girard" authorityName="Girard" box="[422,808,1628,1652]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Eucyclogobius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="newberryi">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FE4B455F9E89F9DC" box="[422,708,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Eucyclogobius newberryi</emphasis>
(Girard)
</taxonomicName>
(Ahnelt
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FC61455E9FFBF9DC" box="[908,950,1629,1652]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">et a</emphasis>
l. 2004;
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB3FFB7FBF9455F988AF9DC" author="Earl" box="[1044,1223,1628,1652]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" refString="Earl, D. A., Louie, K. D., Bardeleben, C., Swift, C. C. &amp; Jacobs, D. K. (2010) Rangewide microsatellite phylogeography of the endangered tidewater goby, Eucycolgobius newberryi (Teleostei: Gobiidae), a genetically subdivided coastal fish with limited marine dispersal. Conservation Genetics, 11, 103 - 114." type="journal article" year="2010">
Earl
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FBA7455E9836F9DC" box="[1098,1147,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">et al</emphasis>
. 2010
</bibRefCitation>
). This small northeast Pacific gobiid shows similar reductions of the supraorbital canal to
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB3FFB7FC3A4582981EF930" ID-CoL="6NLSS" box="[983,1107,1664,1688]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="byblisia">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FC3A4582981EF930" box="[983,1107,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">K. byblisia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Ahnelt
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FB51458298BBF930" box="[1212,1270,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">et al.</emphasis>
2004,
<figureCitation id="B0BF0FEEFFB3FFB7FAA5457C99C3F93F" box="[1352,1422,1663,1687]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="4.[151,250,969,992]" captionTargetBox="[289,1303,345,940]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[277,1310,337,948]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 3. Neuromast patterns and canal pores of Knipwitschia caunosi, ZMH 2175: 16, holotype, female, 26 mm SL. PN, posterior nostril; for other terminology see text. Scale bar = 1 mm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/202006/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). Clearly similar habitat and life history, combined with low dispersal, favour similar morphological characteristics, such as small body size, reduced squamation and reduced head lateral-line canals. Such scenarios apparently occurred independently in
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB3FFB7FE2745EE9E13F8AC" ID-CoL="3BYPT" box="[458,606,1772,1796]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Eucyclogobius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="newberryi">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FE2745EE9E13F8AC" box="[458,606,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">E. newberryi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and in the Adriatic and Aegean clades of
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB3FFB7FBA045EF98A2F8AC" ID-CoL="58L4" box="[1101,1263,1772,1796]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="6" pageNumber="28" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FBA045EF98A2F8AC" box="[1101,1263,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Knipowitschia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. It is therefore likely that such a suite of characteristics is a general indicator of gobiid species adapted to small habitats and therefore of special interest for evolutionary studies and for conservation.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="283B136BFFB3FFB6FF2A445498E3FE97" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,2012]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1436,151,320]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FF2A44549D23F8D8" bold="true" box="[199,366,1879,1904]" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Conservation.</emphasis>
The fresh water fish fauna of continental western
<collectingCountry id="509353FBFFB3FFB7FC59445B9858F8D8" box="[948,1045,1880,1904]" name="Turkey" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">Anatolia</collectingCountry>
is critically endangered in coastal areas by anthropogenic effects (Ahnelt
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB3FFB7FDA2447E9ECAF83C" box="[591,647,1916,1940]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="28">et al.</emphasis>
1995; Innal &amp; Erkakan 2006). Agriculture, aquaculture, hydro power stations and tourism greatly affect the habitats of fresh water fishes. The native fish fauna of Lake Köycegiz is affected by pollution and increasing tourism, as well as by the introduction of non-native fish species (Innal &amp; Erkakan 2006,
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB2FFB6FEA643949D9CFF07" author="Taseli" box="[331,465,151,175]" pageId="7" pageNumber="29" refString="Taseli, B. K. (2009) Response of lake water quality to wastewater inputs from land-based fish farm located on Yuvarlakcay Creek in Koycegiz-Dalyan specially protected area, Turkey. Evironmental Montioring Assesment, 157, 557 - 574." type="journal article" year="2009">Taseli 2009</bibRefCitation>
). There is also a single record of
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB2FFB6FCAB439A9F9AFF18" ID-CoL="6NM4S" box="[838,983,153,176]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caucasica">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB2FFB6FCAB439A9F9AFF18" box="[838,983,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">K. caucasica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Lake Köycegiz (
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB2FFB6FB584394993BFF07" author="Balik" box="[1205,1398,151,176]" pageId="7" pageNumber="29" refString="Balik, S., Rusen, M., Sari, H. M., Ilhan, A. &amp; Topkara E. T. (2005) The fish fauna of Yuvarlakcay (Koycegiz, Mugla). In Turkish with English summary. Ege University Journal of Fisheries &amp; Aquatic Sciences, 22, 221 - 223." type="journal article" year="2005">
Balik
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB2FFB6FB17439A997EFF18" box="[1274,1331,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">et al.</emphasis>
2005
</bibRefCitation>
). If this is correct, this congener, with similar ecological demands and larger body size, could out-compete the two native species. Additionally, introducing alien species, e.g.
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB2FFB6FCDF43E39821FF5F" ID-CoL="9DDWF" authority="Gervais 1848" authorityName="Gervais" authorityYear="1848" box="[818,1132,223,248]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Cichlidae" genus="Tilapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zillii">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB2FFB6FCDF43E39FF6FF50" box="[818,955,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">Tilapia zillii</emphasis>
(Gervais 1848)
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB2FFB6FB9643DC997AFF5F" author="Akin" box="[1147,1335,223,248]" pageId="7" pageNumber="29" refString="Akin, S. Buhan, E., Winemiller, K. O. &amp; Yilmaz, H. (2005) Fish assemblage structure of Koycegiz Lagoon-Estuary, Turkey: Spatial and temporal distribution patterns in relation to environmental variation. Estuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science, 64, 671 - 684." type="journal article" year="2005">
Akin
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB2FFB6FB5143E298B8FF50" box="[1212,1269,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">et al.</emphasis>
2005
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="4C156E9AFFB2FFB6FAA943DC9CBAFEB4" author="Balik" pageId="7" pageNumber="29" refString="Balik, S., Rusen, M., Sari, H. M., Ilhan, A. &amp; Topkara E. T. (2005) The fish fauna of Yuvarlakcay (Koycegiz, Mugla). In Turkish with English summary. Ege University Journal of Fisheries &amp; Aquatic Sciences, 22, 221 - 223." type="journal article" year="2005">
Balik
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB2FFB6FA6543E29CF9FEB4" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">et al.</emphasis>
2005
</bibRefCitation>
) will increase predation pressure. Known only from Lake Köycegiz, it is likely that
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB2FFB6FB264206990AFEB4" ID-CoL="6NLSS" box="[1227,1351,260,284]" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="byblisia">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB2FFB6FB264206990AFEB4" box="[1227,1351,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">K. byblisia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="EF8468E8FFB2FFB6FA6F42069CA3FEE8" ID-CoL="6NM54" class="Actinopterygii" family="Gobiidae" genus="Knipowitschia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Perciformes" pageId="7" pageNumber="29" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="caunosi">
<emphasis id="1AF0CF79FFB2FFB6FA6F42069CA3FEE8" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="29">K. caunosi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are threatened by competition and predation pressure imposed by introduced species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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β. Paeonia foliis lobatis ex ovato-lanceolatis.
<emphasis id="1DDA23FE1E808B0B5A7C121CD427EA65" italics="true">Hall. helv. 311.</emphasis>
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Paeonia folio nigricante splendido, quae mas.
<emphasis id="E9B55E9AAEA2081A2C86D03CFAB8E705" italics="true">Bauh. pin. 323.</emphasis>
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Paeonia mas.
<emphasis id="731CEC99359F3A5F1DE5AFFB0803538A" italics="true">Lob. ic. 684.</emphasis>
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<mods:classification id="72B0482660E58853AB3C3706FE10780B">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="792FFD7F305A82F3FDB6A34F6463D4E6" type="Plazi-Custom">ORI11037</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="ECB16DCA338FC7C684C03FC65F8C04E3" type="ZooBank">1CD7624C-FC8F-4DD0-AA34-762D8FFB6267</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="A02DD71E9BFFBC2E20D950D4335C22E1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6286723" ID-GBIF-Taxon="100111666" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6286723" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A02DD71E9BFFBC2E20D950D4335C22E1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A02DD71E9BFFBC2E20D950D4335C22E1" lastPageNumber="173" pageId="34" pageNumber="173">
<subSubSection id="6F1099834CBC2B58A406C6DAE892B00D" pageId="34" pageNumber="173" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="D714D138EDE757704A41CD3C8002BFA8" pageId="34" pageNumber="173">
112.
<taxonomicName id="29F43B0233E41EA9F344D8DABE389E67" ID-CoL="7RXDQ" class="Arachnida" family="Carabodidae" genus="Carabodes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="34" pageNumber="173" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="labyrinthicus">Carabodes labyrinthicus</taxonomicName>
(Michael 1879).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D09C9D7572841769C09C3BC774A92E00" pageId="34" pageNumber="173" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="2771D925CE1040DD7F126C63B00609D3" pageId="34" pageNumber="173">
<materialsCitation id="B9E5F3FF6DAD3601BA1517DF96062511" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923906440" collectingDate="1949-08-18" collectingMethod="Klopfprobe" collectorName="Carl Willmann" country="Germany" elevation="3 m" latitude="53.7917" location="Wangerooge" longLatPrecision="3000" longitude="7.8934" stateProvince="Wangerooge">
Fundort: Kiefernrinde mit Flechten,
<date id="57C6450360D229B63032BC7941B1C3A4" value="1949-08-18">
<collectingDate id="C001B1520AEC5720592127F203782D5C" value="1949-08-18">18. VIII. 49</collectingDate>
</date>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="371692EB0D234BF8791487185BD16C7A" pageId="34" pageNumber="173" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="72BD4956C4385DD5FB29FBBE3434D73E" pageId="34" pageNumber="173">
Dies ist der typische Lebensraum
<normalizedToken id="E4FAE643D40C6C7A1360979F1F1FBC6A" originalValue="für" pageId="34" pageNumber="173">fuer</normalizedToken>
die Art.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="74131D9173B7970354CB5D2345AAAD89" pageId="34" pageNumber="173" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="26DE2A003F921A2EA7F7DA1C86B4CE83" pageId="34" pageNumber="173">Die einzige Carabodes-Species, die auch auf Norderney und Spiekeroog gefunden wurde.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,378 @@
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1195.114209" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1195-121" ID-Pensoft-UUID="AAA7A052EDDA5E098039F89979E569E2" ID-ZooBank="153B616F03404CBBBFA66A67A2A0BA6A" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1195-121" checkinTime="1710460039362" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Wang, Yanrong, Sha, Zhongli &amp; Ren, Xianqiu" docDate="2024" docId="A02DE78F014D59BFAAD3175D6D33E819" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1195: 121-130" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1195" docPubDate="2024-03-14" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1195.114209" docTitle="Stegocephalus carolus Wang &amp; Sha &amp; Ren 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="35CA4012-7AB1-4E86-BBC4-51A5B05F6EB2" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="1" id="AAA7A052EDDA5E098039F89979E569E2" lastPageNumber="121" masterDocId="AAA7A052EDDA5E098039F89979E569E2" masterDocTitle="One new species of Stegocephalus Kroyer, 1842 (Amphipoda, Stegocephalidae) described from a seamount of the Caroline Plate, NW Pacific" masterLastPageNumber="130" masterPageNumber="121" pageNumber="121" updateTime="1710460039362" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:title id="7EB1A2C3B02ED65EB0BFEBF63A93F37F">One new species of Stegocephalus Kroyer, 1842 (Amphipoda, Stegocephalidae) described from a seamount of the Caroline Plate, NW Pacific</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="000872605652B963A7243DAE425C480F">Wang, Yanrong</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2B6B39D61C3AE9CA50E54C27FD952881">Department of Marine Organism Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China &amp; College of Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="774EDFD5756E53C0F9FFBFE60DA6034F">Sha, Zhongli</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="8DB538EFBB997FAAB175E6B49D65EA96">Department of Marine Organism Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China &amp; College of Biological Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China &amp; Laoshan Laboratory, Qingdao 266237, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="83C4B8D485093ADDD6BE9D0F28106161">Ren, Xianqiu</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B800015257F478D0A663B7AEB4358401" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-4119-397X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="DF0FA4CBE0EAC0194494191A2A1515BC">Department of Marine Organism Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:classification id="DCC131828EB24F1CF3052B7A1D022E99">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="B557597EE073CA26BF9DE911A6AC3683" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1195.114209</mods:identifier>
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<subSection id="D20D63731593566EF1C916F402D2AB05" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" type="systematics">
<treatment id="A02DE78F014D59BFAAD3175D6D33E819" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:35CA4012-7AB1-4E86-BBC4-51A5B05F6EB2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A02DE78F014D59BFAAD3175D6D33E819" lastPageNumber="121" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">
<subSubSection id="9AA19C1CF20F40468286B7453114435E" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="5582D0AD8A36A64F55C1D43C3FE2F65F" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">
<taxonomicName id="637AF1DCF6DF5FE7F352F50BFCC02238" LSID="https://zoobank.org/35CA4012-7AB1-4E86-BBC4-51A5B05F6EB2" authority="Wang &amp; Sha &amp; Ren, 2024" authorityName="Wang &amp; Sha &amp; Ren" authorityYear="2024" class="Malacostraca" family="Stegocephalidae" genus="Stegocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stegocephalus carolus" order="Amphipoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carolus" status="sp. nov.">Stegocephalus carolus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="916CB12FD86172F4D864ED764AEEA42F" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4B0720AED045BE09580B2B1B35ECA45B" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" type="description">
<paragraph id="CD8AC8B0BA5E84FC0F94EF0C41DDBD6B" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">
<figureCitation id="467D830995F02110E097F072B4097CA1" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Stegocephalus carolus sp. nov., MBM 286610, holotype, ♀ (8.9 mm): G 1 R, right gnathopod 1; G 2 R, right gnathopod 2." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1195.114209.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1001335" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Figs 2</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="0749A6E42EACC5BFEBE101D6CC583DA7" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Stegocephalus carolus sp. nov., MBM 286610, holotype, ♀ (8.9 mm): H, head; A 1, antenna 1; A 2, antenna 2; UL, upper lip; LL, lower lip; Md L, left mandible; Md R, right mandible; Mx 1, maxilla 1; Mx 2, maxilla 2; Mxp, maxilliped." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1195.114209.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1001336" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">, 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="DA68D855F664ACF1BEEF53B607F1F8B2" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Stegocephalus carolus sp. nov., MBM 286610, holotype, ♀ (8.9 mm): P 3 R, right pereopod 3; P 4 R, right pereopod 4; P 5 R, right pereopod 5; P 6 R, right pereopod 6; P 7 R, right pereopod 7; U 1 R, right uropod 1; U 2 L, left uropod 2; U 3 L, left uropod 3; T, telson." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1195.114209.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1001337" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">, 4</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="331689854CE89B3B0D1627F228E3FD11" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="57992D5BDC3A8C6FD7158BC92D2BB966" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EF3B6868FF912D61CEE6499FB5E41437" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="4BC76C385E06A5982631D5FAEA493D9B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="7A31C9C77EF8CCD5B2B57B6C954BB1F8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">
<typeStatus id="788A0AC2213F61CBCD9F8D099B5FB5C6" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
MBM 286610,
<specimenCount id="A16470F81FCB4C62599C8570B105380C" count="1" type="female"></specimenCount>
(8.9 mm, with 6 big yolks), dissected, unnamed seamount on Caroline Plate, NW Pacific, M5173,
<geoCoordinate id="60873739C0E666D402656F6AD71DD84A" degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="03" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="10.05">10°03N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="49EE06C220811399ED3611518B70E85B" degrees="140" direction="east" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="140.16667">140°10E</geoCoordinate>
, depth
<quantity id="BF30E26A628DBC4343FC42823B3C4A70" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2209999999999999" unit="m" value="1221.0">1221 m</quantity>
,
<date id="F460EF1648DC90659A1BBE1431588BFE" value="2019-05-30">30 May 2019</date>
.
<emphasis id="25E551E8E501BF62C353B62660C0CB3D" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">
<typeStatus id="05F5890E9BD472A40E9EB2A63B43BE22" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
: MBM 287879,
<specimenCount id="622C6F8AC90D79C56BA69FEC6823B5B7" count="2" type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
(6.0 and 7.0 mm), not dissected, unnamed seamount on Caroline Plate, NW Pacific, M5117,
<geoCoordinate id="E2F90B4E2A43CD72D446139B9969CA09" degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="04" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="10.066667">10°04N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="CA65FF7B6B0074BF30B3ABAEE78F1526" degrees="140" direction="east" minutes="12" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="140.2">140°12E</geoCoordinate>
, depth
<quantity id="BF757A464BE2AB30EC0E586E21F738B9" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.07" metricValueMax="9.44" metricValueMin="8.7" unit="m" value="907.0" valueMax="944.0" valueMin="870.0">870-944 m</quantity>
,
<date id="F3BB8F327314BC041CCD1DD8E7CDBBD0" value="2019-05-28">28 May 2019</date>
; MBM 287878,
<specimenCount id="4F298FE891C7D6D5D4B4BAE6E0020CC9" count="2" type="male">2♂</specimenCount>
(7.6 and 3.4 mm), not dissected, unnamed seamount on Caroline Plate, NW Pacific, M5362,
<geoCoordinate id="5E6AFE61DD9B6A7DBF53063444C29AB8" degrees="10" direction="north" minutes="04" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="10.066667">10°04N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EC92DD6F3726089DFE1A11CF3D78DD6B" degrees="140" direction="east" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="140.18333">140°11E</geoCoordinate>
, depth
<quantity id="B02B80A4E302E95F78F750C858C4202C" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.975" metricValueMax="11.82" metricValueMin="8.129999999999999" unit="m" value="997.5" valueMax="1182.0" valueMin="813.0">813-1182 m</quantity>
,
<date id="7F488CDC735FDFF8957AE62C0B8AEF1E" value="2019-06-02">2 June 2019</date>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="43D482BA2B3C0B55225CCEE00C1EB6D5" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" type="description">
<paragraph id="7DC57D20929CA815650BF328545EDA80" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="04A21106EF195D2891DFE4106FD2A42C" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">First pereon segment longer than the rest; pleonite 1-3 dorsally smooth; epimeral plate 1 with posteroventral corner broadly rounded; epimeral plate 2 with posteroventral corner subacute; epimeral plate 3 without minute serration at posteroventral corner, posteroventral corner strongly produced, triangular. Head partially covered by pereonite 1 and coxa 1; much deeper than long. Rostrum absent. Eyes not apparent in ethanol-fixed material. Antenna 1 with callynophore well developed; peduncle about twice as long as first primary flagellar article; article 1 slightly longer than articles 1-2 combined; primary flagellum 7-articulate, article 1 longest; accessory flagellum 1-articulate, beyond article 1 of primary flagellum, bearing long setae apically. Antenna 2 slightly longer than antenna 1, peduncle (articles 3-5) slightly shorter than flagellum, article 4 longer than article 5, not setose; flagellum 12 articles, article 1 longer than rest of articles.</paragraph>
<caption id="8FAA3F80C85179F5886E38F141CC7C9C" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1195.114209.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1001335" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="3E2093F14B38D920377C9F3A54FFBE15" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="28A43E9CAEFC801A5AE307CD4F22D104" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="0CDBE294638223960FD96B01EC0C1F72" authorityName="Wang &amp; Sha &amp; Ren" authorityYear="2024" class="Malacostraca" family="Stegocephalidae" genus="Stegocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stegocephalus carolus" order="Amphipoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carolus">
<emphasis id="0091CC1C40C56B7FFE81F71A0629F4E1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Stegocephalus carolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., MBM 286610, holotype, ♀ (8.9 mm): G1 R, right gnathopod 1; G2 R, right gnathopod 2.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="976FCD749AE74EBE03DAA96BFB763A17" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="0DF492416DE492407FB3199D6523F101" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="6708EEE010D59CBD1655D19BD46F4220" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Mouthparts</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Epistomal plate absent. Upper lip broader than long, bilobate, slightly asymmetrical. Lower lip with the narrow lobes bearing row of simple setae. Right Mandible incisor with 9 teeth; incisor of left mandible with 7 teeth, left lacinia mobilis with 9 teeth. Maxilla 1 palp 2-articulate, rectangular, apex not reaching above the apex of outer plate, apically bearing 4 plumose setae; outer plate with 9 setal-teeth arranged in a pseudocrown; inner plate with a well-developed shoulder, setae pappose. Maxilla 2 gaping and geniculate; outer plate with about 10 apical setae bearing distal hooks; inner plate with marginal and submarginal setae pappose. Maxilliped with inner plate subrectangular, not exceeding base of palp article 2, distal margin slightly concave, setose, medial setae-row present; outer plate only with inner margin bearing about 7 small robust setae; palp 4-articulate, article 2 distinctly shorter than article 1, inner margin produced distally, dactylus short, about 1/5 length of article 3.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="153D25C876B68ABC2C5EE48A6DFA9955" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Gills present on coxae 2-7. Oostegites present on 2-5.</paragraph>
<caption id="78B52CA24450476C21554473C40FBBE3" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1195.114209.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1001336" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph id="83673FAB826644F9FA984FB1778B5625" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="2F5F08289FAD42D238E9CDCC49C8405C" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Figure 3.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="275368AAFD8C4101A7F15333CA911AE5" authorityName="Wang &amp; Sha &amp; Ren" authorityYear="2024" class="Malacostraca" family="Stegocephalidae" genus="Stegocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stegocephalus carolus" order="Amphipoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carolus">
<emphasis id="B64D3A505861384CE3479EB7C837F0C1" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Stegocephalus carolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., MBM 286610, holotype, ♀ (8.9 mm): H, head; A1, antenna 1; A2, antenna 2; UL, upper lip; LL, lower lip; Md L, left mandible; Md R, right mandible; Mx1, maxilla 1; Mx2, maxilla 2; Mxp, maxilliped.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="E975635B8A12D2E7CE8110F3A58519E2" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="8D9608799F70028710166BC5851681FB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="7A8D9747095D530CD32C9B8140997553" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Pereopods</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Gnathopod 1 simple; coxa triangular, tapering, anterior margin convex; basis with anterior margin sinuous, both margins heavily setose; ischium not elongate, posterior margin bearing long setae, anterior margin with several short robust setae; carpus subequal in length to propodus, expanded distally, anterior margin bearing group of long setae distally, posterior margin setose; propodus tapering anterior margin bearing row of 6 robust setae about 2/3 length of propodus and two short robust setae subdistally, posterior surface rows of pectinate setae and rows of plumose setae; dactylus nearly straight, tapering, about 1/3 length of propodus. Gnathopod 2 simple; coxa much longer than broad, subrectangular, ventral margin slightly curved; basis much more slender than gnathopod 1, both margins setose; ischium slightly shorter than merus, subrectangular; carpus slender, not expanded distally, shorter than propodus, distal and posterior margin setose; propodus slender, setae on posterior surface similar to that of gnathopod 1; dactylus tapering, curved. Pereopod 3 coxa similar to that of gnathopod 2; basis linear, anterior margin bearing dense short robust setae, posterior margin bearing several long setae; ischium short; merus longer than carpus, anterodistally drawn out, with one long robust seta, posterior margin bearing several setae; carpus subequal in length to propodus, posterior margin with few setae; propodus with only posterior margin bearing few small setae; dactylus tapering, slightly curved. Pereopod 4 similar to pereopod 3, but coxa large, posteroventral lobe broadly rounded, posterior margin excavate. Pereopod 5 slightly longer than pereopod 4; coxa bilobate, posterior lobe deeper; basis linear, both margins setose; merus to dactylus of similar appearance to pereopod 4, but merus subequal in length to carpus, and propodus much slender, distinctly longer than carpus. Pereopod 6 longer than pereopod 5; coxa unilobate; basis expanded posteriorly, rounded below, anterior margin and anterior dorsal surface with several robust setae, posterior margin serrated with small setae; distal 5 articles of similar appearance to pereopod 5. Pereopod 7 shorter than pereopod 6, but longer than pereopod 5; basis expanded posteriorly, distinctly larger than that of pereopod 6, posterior margin serrated with small setae, beyond end of ischium; merus longer than carpus, margins setose; carpus shorter than propodus, anterior margin with three groups setae; propodus shorter than that of pereopod 6, anterior margin with small setae; dactylus slightly curved, tapering.
</paragraph>
<caption id="7CCEA62EB018EE37DD8EBC0CDEC65933" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1195.114209.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1001337" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
<paragraph id="E2F30E8170B1616333AB9F9338CA1249" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="DBF68911905EE7410DB1BAB45D182E11" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Figure 4.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B9F2FDB9DAD395D29E4B44C400EEDBE1" authorityName="Wang &amp; Sha &amp; Ren" authorityYear="2024" class="Malacostraca" family="Stegocephalidae" genus="Stegocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stegocephalus carolus" order="Amphipoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carolus">
<emphasis id="67BEB0378128BACFA435753DBEACADDB" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Stegocephalus carolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., MBM 286610, holotype, ♀ (8.9 mm): P3 R, right pereopod 3; P4 R, right pereopod 4; P5 R, right pereopod 5; P6 R, right pereopod 6; P7 R, right pereopod 7; U1 R, right uropod 1; U2 L, left uropod 2; U3 L, left uropod 3; T, telson.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="AA00E655CBA50B73A71F359E4915ABAD" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="CEE8A2C5DFBF4D88B929993EDBBABE52" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="015D6B98AE541CDAED2D78796C2503C7" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Uropods and telson</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Uropod 1 peduncle 1.4 times longer than rami, outer margin densely setose, inner margin with only 2 robust setae; rami lanceolate, subequal in length, both rami with inner and outer margins setose. Uropod 2 shorter than uropod 1, peduncle subequal in length to rami, both margins setose; rami subequal in length, both rami with inner and outer margins setose. Uropod 3 shortest, peduncle distinctly shorter than rami, not setose; outer ramus 1-articulate, shorter than inner ramus, both rami with inner and outer margins setose. Telson longer than broad, without setae, cleft about 0.8 of total length, distally acute.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3B26FC22081C9CFC541F590EF1E133A4" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="1DC1DC0E7506B3487DCF1EF16D3AD7B1" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3DBB383F9CEB854741A02B7D27199A6D" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">The new species is named after its type locality, the Caroline Plate.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D6765BCF859872607674AEF371E19778" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="991830A5EB52B7A59BE83B0B1921A8F5" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="425FCF92B45426F1C472097BDD184B14" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Presently known only from a seamount of the Caroline Plate, at a depth of 813-1221 m.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="848D8FF362D89CA7C50C15A72E68D554" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="9BB9372F74A129C4CC6B1CF7DD637739" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="941CE0A7D2323A170902D57397E19C74" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">
According to the revision of the family
<taxonomicName id="E33EF6E9CB1A58D1F2402EA9DF8C1ACD" authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1852" class="Malacostraca" family="Stegocephalidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Amphipoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Stegocephalidae</taxonomicName>
Dana, 1852 by
<bibRefCitation id="BF8C487F462A07DA4EA2840C7B223606" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2001.tb00638.x" author="Berge, J" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" pagination="531 - 592" refId="B4" refString="Berge, J, Vader, W, 2001. Revision of the amphipod (Crustacea) family Stegocephalidae. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 133 (4): 531 - 592, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2001.tb00638.x" title="Revision of the amphipod (Crustacea) family Stegocephalidae." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2001.tb00638.x" volume="133" year="2001">Berge and Vader (2001)</bibRefCitation>
,
<taxonomicName id="55EA4CFF820D89671F2F7544AD9D8C20" authorityName="Wang &amp; Sha &amp; Ren" authorityYear="2024" class="Malacostraca" family="Stegocephalidae" genus="Stegocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stegocephalus carolus" order="Amphipoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carolus">
<emphasis id="A3AB2826E45124127596B03551D98BD8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Stegocephalus carolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. belongs to the subfamily
<taxonomicName id="AABB10FAD1F72724481CD36B7F6CA269" authorityName="Dana" authorityYear="1852" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Stegocephalinae">Stegocephalinae</taxonomicName>
Dana, 1852. The new species shares distinctive characteristics with other species in the genus
<taxonomicName id="3759B3B7ADB2EFB48AB8FC5858747057" authorityName="Kroyer" authorityYear="1842" class="Malacostraca" family="Stegocephalidae" genus="Stegocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stegocephalus" order="Amphipoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="EC5EABD6FBDBD89E5F6933B208732EC2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Stegocephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="087EEA8D7227784873E409734205C340" originalValue="Krøyer">Kroyer</normalizedToken>
, 1842, including a two-articulate palp of maxilla 1, a produced palp article 2 of the maxilliped, a conspicuously expanded basis of pereopod 6, a 1-articulate outer ramus of uropod 3, and a cleft telson. Two
<taxonomicName id="28AA224D258149AE36BDCE29CEC410F4" authorityName="Kroyer" authorityYear="1842" class="Malacostraca" family="Stegocephalidae" genus="Stegocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stegocephalus" order="Amphipoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="41132F154E23C087DF64B4E4F646F421" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Stegocephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species,
<taxonomicName id="6C3DED17908300143FE39A08DB5BFD5F" class="Crustacea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. cascadiensis" order="Amphipoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cascadiensis">
<emphasis id="A2CDCD445DEEB19E1A6B01138B76A0B5" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">S. cascadiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Moore, 1992) and
<taxonomicName id="5DBFEF0391DFC01A0866983E969D955B" class="Crustacea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. longicornis" order="Amphipoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicornis">
<emphasis id="19DF0C1F0805135ECC17D309835DB23F" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">S. longicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Gurjanova, 1962), have been previously reported in the North Pacific (
<bibRefCitation id="2B47A5C07D04A02A156D655C22D2AC1B" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939200770551" author="Moore, PG" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" pagination="905 - 936" refId="B8" refString="Moore, PG, 1992. A study on amphipods from the superfamily Stegocephaloidea Dana 1852 from the northeastern Pacific region: Systematics and distributional ecology. Journal of Natural History 26 (5): 905 - 936, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939200770551" title="A study on amphipods from the superfamily Stegocephaloidea Dana 1852 from the northeastern Pacific region: Systematics and distributional ecology." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939200770551" volume="26" year="1992">Moore 1992</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="20567F5B03B82868598C130AFA3CE16E" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2001.tb00638.x" author="Berge, J" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" pagination="531 - 592" refId="B4" refString="Berge, J, Vader, W, 2001. Revision of the amphipod (Crustacea) family Stegocephalidae. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 133 (4): 531 - 592, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2001.tb00638.x" title="Revision of the amphipod (Crustacea) family Stegocephalidae." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2001.tb00638.x" volume="133" year="2001">Berge and Vader 2001</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="12ACF9E6115EFB4E342450D2318382D6" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">
<taxonomicName id="3E39A39D9FE49898ABB332234E1ED558" baseAuthorityName="Moore" baseAuthorityYear="1992" class="Malacostraca" family="Stegocephalidae" genus="Stegocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stegocephalus cascadiensis" order="Amphipoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cascadiensis">
<emphasis id="49E1B558C4BD283606A1B67362EE3574" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Stegocephalus cascadiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Moore, 1992) was originally reported from the Cascadia Abyssal Plain at a depth of 2740-2818 m (
<bibRefCitation id="97ABD0609E6EB4AF67E0D50674990DC8" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939200770551" author="Moore, PG" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" pagination="905 - 936" refId="B8" refString="Moore, PG, 1992. A study on amphipods from the superfamily Stegocephaloidea Dana 1852 from the northeastern Pacific region: Systematics and distributional ecology. Journal of Natural History 26 (5): 905 - 936, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939200770551" title="A study on amphipods from the superfamily Stegocephaloidea Dana 1852 from the northeastern Pacific region: Systematics and distributional ecology." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939200770551" volume="26" year="1992">Moore 1992</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="AB9793076B6243865D7F1945BA266879" authorityName="Wang &amp; Sha &amp; Ren" authorityYear="2024" class="Malacostraca" family="Stegocephalidae" genus="Stegocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stegocephalus carolus" order="Amphipoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carolus">
<emphasis id="E987A4F863D006D73A5CEE4A41716B2A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Stegocephalus carolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. differs from
<taxonomicName id="79E1E64724A50F8695FC7328E77DCEE0" class="Crustacea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. cascadiensis" order="Amphipoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cascadiensis">
<emphasis id="D8732BAD2D8B74D67B8491815EEB5725" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">S. cascadiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the peduncle of antenna 1 longer than the first flagellar article, and the accessory flagellum extending beyond the distal margin of the first flagellar article. Additionally, the apical setae on the outer plate of maxilla 2 are hooked in the new species, whereas, they are unhooked in
<taxonomicName id="05B602EF3BA0BFF7A2F38FEB56DDA243" class="Crustacea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. cascadiensis" order="Amphipoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cascadiensis">
<emphasis id="2493BA0731D95B60156E3F35C9A52E83" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">S. cascadiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In
<taxonomicName id="ED953FD7F53F6388AAD3D6AEEDDD0EC5" class="Crustacea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. carolus" order="Amphipoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carolus">
<emphasis id="A4A1418D50EBCA41BCF8907C4DBDFA63" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">S. carolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., the first palp article of the maxilliped is subequal in length to the second article, whereas in
<taxonomicName id="6F3CAA82F2E63D3BFDC8E40EA06CC469" class="Crustacea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. cascadiensis" order="Amphipoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cascadiensis">
<emphasis id="B05C62D8EECBC9681D18BF0B155E4910" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">S. cascadiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the first palp article is much longer than the second. The inner plate of the maxilliped is subrectangular with a concave distal margin in
<taxonomicName id="A1C520350B1EC0C9977BE25FEA1A1797" class="Crustacea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. carolus" order="Amphipoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carolus">
<emphasis id="D95FFE6648C2F30903583125AACC083E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">S. carolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., whereas it is subtriangular in
<taxonomicName id="C4C05805BF3B680105C3E2DAB4658A9C" class="Crustacea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. cascadiensis" order="Amphipoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cascadiensis">
<emphasis id="18FC9667C7C3C6BE514CE68EC76CA84E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">S. cascadiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The second palp article of the maxilliped in
<taxonomicName id="244C5DEBCE09E12B3464B7CE2A01402B" class="Crustacea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. carolus" order="Amphipoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carolus">
<emphasis id="F3140194CFD735AA330E467E6FD00891" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">S. carolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. has a produced inner margin, and the posterior margin of pereopod 7 is slightly serrate instead of smooth. Furthermore, the rami of uropod 2 are subequal in
<taxonomicName id="122FFED66377166B9DCACFD7F722D6E2" class="Crustacea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. carolus" order="Amphipoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carolus">
<emphasis id="0DF4EEFF8C85E79A1AB9CE93DCBFAC86" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">S. carolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., whereas the inner ramus is longer than the outer ramus in
<taxonomicName id="73F4A5BC653C8E2260C1920976C62DCB" class="Crustacea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. cascadiensis" order="Amphipoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cascadiensis">
<emphasis id="BF2EBAE33A3DB92900DF22C0B13FBA23" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">S. cascadiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Lastly, the outer ramus of uropod 3 in
<taxonomicName id="660229AC5C87A44FBB2EBB2A4D0291DB" class="Crustacea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. carolus" order="Amphipoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carolus">
<emphasis id="0D72147B6CC2F2DF6A0AFE43FDA34110" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">S. carolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. is shorter than the inner ramus, while in
<taxonomicName id="73B90CE17CA51CF369CC3BDCEE47D478" class="Crustacea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. cascadiensis" order="Amphipoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cascadiensis">
<emphasis id="A767F4CFD294B957B12E85968F8F4AEC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">S. cascadiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, it is longer than the inner ramus (
<bibRefCitation id="4F8A6688F558365B172A795E0F073490" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939200770551" author="Moore, PG" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Natural History" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" pagination="905 - 936" refId="B8" refString="Moore, PG, 1992. A study on amphipods from the superfamily Stegocephaloidea Dana 1852 from the northeastern Pacific region: Systematics and distributional ecology. Journal of Natural History 26 (5): 905 - 936, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939200770551" title="A study on amphipods from the superfamily Stegocephaloidea Dana 1852 from the northeastern Pacific region: Systematics and distributional ecology." url="https://doi.org/10.1080/00222939200770551" volume="26" year="1992">Moore 1992</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 7).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E488ACD446AD8F726CE217D593AFCAFA" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">
<taxonomicName id="EA9F634093C5D2B107ECEA22B7132210" baseAuthorityName="Gurjanova" baseAuthorityYear="1962" class="Malacostraca" family="Stegocephalidae" genus="Stegocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stegocephalus longicornis" order="Amphipoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicornis">
<emphasis id="3D9D4BF452C287F9182AC5B26D828012" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Stegocephalus longicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Gurjanova, 1962) was originally reported from the Bering Sea at a depth of over 2440 m. The new species differs from
<taxonomicName id="FDDFA23A8B82274EE972B10AF610E172" class="Crustacea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. longicornis" order="Amphipoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicornis">
<emphasis id="990AF338DCB343F42E3242D9F546512A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">S. longicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by: the shorter antenna 1, the 7-articulated primary flagellum and the 1-articulated accessory flagellum, while the primary flagellum is 11-articulate and the accessory flagellum is 3-articulate in
<taxonomicName id="BC93F6694E69CD5B1996A9295487230E" class="Crustacea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. longicornis" order="Amphipoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicornis">
<emphasis id="5E95F06181A4CE7E19BFB57579D9E238" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">S. longicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; the distal margin of the inner plate of the maxilliped is concave rather than convex, and the inner margin of palp article 2 is produced, versus not produced in
<taxonomicName id="BDC1319A385CA5AC837D880E2C545D16" class="Crustacea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. longicornis" order="Amphipoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicornis">
<emphasis id="6F9F6DD3B136D16F756A256D0AE38B33" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">S. longicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; and the posteroventral corner of epimeral plate 3 is strongly produced and triangular, while epimeral plate 3 is only produced in a small triangular angle in
<taxonomicName id="FB59678AB2636D0E74FD9717D42E62D9" class="Crustacea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. longicornis" order="Amphipoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicornis">
<emphasis id="D6904D227AED8E4BD53C0474C5FD9855" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">S. longicornis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E6335C68EE1BF0E641A026810B2FA4DA" author="Gurjanova, E" journalOrPublisher="Akademiia Nauk SSSR" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" pagination="1 - 440" refId="B5" refString="Gurjanova, E, 1962. Bokoplavy severnoi chasti Tikhogo okeana (Amphipoda, Gammaridea). Chast 1. [Amphipods of the northern part of Pacific Ocean (Amphipoda, Gammaridea). Part 1.] Opredeliteli po faune SSSR. Akademiia Nauk SSSR 74: 1 - 440" title="Bokoplavy severnoi chasti Tikhogo okeana (Amphipoda, Gammaridea). Chast 1. [Amphipods of the northern part of Pacific Ocean (Amphipoda, Gammaridea). Part 1.] Opredeliteli po faune SSSR." volume="74" year="1962">Gurjanova 1962</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 130).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C2C8BB75E5D5C130BEDA882B1B6695C2" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">
The remaining species of
<taxonomicName id="A6CB827EEA3A3892AA4D72164279F191" authorityName="Kroyer" authorityYear="1842" class="Malacostraca" family="Stegocephalidae" genus="Stegocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stegocephalus" order="Amphipoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="072DE1403D872D0F1D534C894F0DEA2D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Stegocephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are found in the Arctic, North Atlantic, or the Southern Ocean (
<bibRefCitation id="FA985EAB4C843E7E7A008B6472BABF5A" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2001.tb00638.x" author="Berge, J" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" pagination="531 - 592" refId="B4" refString="Berge, J, Vader, W, 2001. Revision of the amphipod (Crustacea) family Stegocephalidae. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 133 (4): 531 - 592, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2001.tb00638.x" title="Revision of the amphipod (Crustacea) family Stegocephalidae." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2001.tb00638.x" volume="133" year="2001">Berge and Vader 2001</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="7869D1C7958B1FEED5E55BAAE5AD8AB0" authorityName="Wang &amp; Sha &amp; Ren" authorityYear="2024" class="Malacostraca" family="Stegocephalidae" genus="Stegocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stegocephalus carolus" order="Amphipoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carolus">
<emphasis id="77EB5863EEBC8AC21B8D61121CB55EC9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">Stegocephalus carolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. can be easily distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="9133D0A9FD738627416C561F02362F4F" class="Crustacea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. abyssicola" order="Amphipoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="abyssicola">
<emphasis id="347B454DCF356A73C753C90FABE83EE2" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">S. abyssicola</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Oldevig, 1959) by its strongly projected posteroventral corner of the third epimeral plate (
<bibRefCitation id="9011A63A80971CAEA81B3C480DB911EA" author="Oldevig, H" journalOrPublisher=")" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" pagination="1 - 132" refId="B9" refString="Oldevig, H, 1959. Arctic, Subarctic and Scandinavian Amphipods in the collections of the Swedish Natural History Museum in Stockholm. Goteborgs Kungliga Vetenskaps- och Vitterhets-Samhalles Handlingar, sjatte foljden (ser B.) 8 (2): 1 - 132" title="Arctic, Subarctic and Scandinavian Amphipods in the collections of the Swedish Natural History Museum in Stockholm. Goteborgs Kungliga Vetenskaps- och Vitterhets-Samhalles Handlingar, sjatte foljden (ser B." volume="8" year="1959">Oldevig 1959</bibRefCitation>
). It is also different from
<taxonomicName id="587D270C842271398E3177BDDDF38D91" class="Crustacea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. ampulla" order="Amphipoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ampulla">
<emphasis id="6BC6D9F1D4FDAE577ADF71946D1C6F1A" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">S. ampulla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Phipps, 1774),
<taxonomicName id="1B60820F6584D0C7B843F0304FFBBC32" class="Crustacea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. inflatus" order="Amphipoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inflatus">
<emphasis id="C4D1CB5D3CA27FD0B60CC02EB5F367C4" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">S. inflatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="B906CEC34C11C92F4AE52EDC17AEE457" originalValue="Krøyer">Kroyer</normalizedToken>
, 1842,
<taxonomicName id="596150624957F6CF0A97499BE4235168" class="Crustacea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. rostrata" order="Amphipoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rostrata">
<emphasis id="CF3490AC24F1447CE84B404ACA27C789" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">S. rostrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
KH Barnard, 1932, and
<taxonomicName id="31CE40B2BF2434FCD3C1082CCEC1F2C2" class="Crustacea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. similis" order="Amphipoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="7D189FB74E3A4041493EC7AD054438AC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">S. similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Sars, 1891 by the absence of a rostrum (
<bibRefCitation id="5E09E57C653BA162B8866FBB2E3FB5FC" DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.27664" author="Barnard, KH" journalOrPublisher="Discovery Reports" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" pagination="1 - 326" refId="B1" refString="Barnard, KH, 1932. Amphipoda. Discovery Reports 5: 1 - 326, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.27664" title="Amphipoda." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.27664" volume="5" year="1932">Barnard 1932</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="7B25FCC0E9922055628E79E2FEF0AEE6" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1139/z67-123" author="Steele, DH" journalOrPublisher="Canadian Journal of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" pagination="1129 - 1133" refId="B11" refString="Steele, DH, 1967. The morphology of the marine amphipod Stegocephalus inflatus Kroyer. Canadian Journal of Zoology 45 (6): 1129 - 1133, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/z67-123" title="The morphology of the marine amphipod Stegocephalus inflatus Kroyer." url="https://doi.org/10.1139/z67-123" volume="45" year="1967">Steele 1967</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="6FE081ED8AE8A3CBD41DB3370818D308" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2001.tb00638.x" author="Berge, J" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" pagination="531 - 592" refId="B4" refString="Berge, J, Vader, W, 2001. Revision of the amphipod (Crustacea) family Stegocephalidae. Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society 133 (4): 531 - 592, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2001.tb00638.x" title="Revision of the amphipod (Crustacea) family Stegocephalidae." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1096-3642.2001.tb00638.x" volume="133" year="2001">Berge and Vader 2001</bibRefCitation>
). Especially, it differs from
<taxonomicName id="920FA432BCC349E1887D02A3E1C34856" class="Crustacea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. inflatus" order="Amphipoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inflatus">
<emphasis id="DCDBF17FCA39739A83EC3A38D0CBC838" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">S. inflatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the pale of maxillae 1 being 2-articulated, while it is 1-articulated in
<taxonomicName id="51CBC25D2463F1E12DF2E995E979AD25" class="Crustacea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. inflatus" order="Amphipoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inflatus">
<emphasis id="B06A617C52DEBF78EA5E8FAA9DFF1820" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">S. inflatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="7C96BC61854741EBA9865B603EB911F2" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1139/z67-123" author="Steele, DH" journalOrPublisher="Canadian Journal of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" pagination="1129 - 1133" refId="B11" refString="Steele, DH, 1967. The morphology of the marine amphipod Stegocephalus inflatus Kroyer. Canadian Journal of Zoology 45 (6): 1129 - 1133, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/z67-123" title="The morphology of the marine amphipod Stegocephalus inflatus Kroyer." url="https://doi.org/10.1139/z67-123" volume="45" year="1967">Steele 1967</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 1B); epimeral plates 2 and 3 have the posteroventral corner broadly rounded, while epimeral plates 2 and 3 are produced into a sharp tooth in
<taxonomicName id="3FDFB2CC301CE17BB26F866ABCBE9489" class="Crustacea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. inflatus" order="Amphipoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inflatus">
<emphasis id="8B8C0ADD5C15230954E41BF3005265E8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">S. inflatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="1570DE03A4E68CE3DA398F8283D2B0AE" DOI="https://doi.org/10.1139/z67-123" author="Steele, DH" journalOrPublisher="Canadian Journal of Zoology" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" pagination="1129 - 1133" refId="B11" refString="Steele, DH, 1967. The morphology of the marine amphipod Stegocephalus inflatus Kroyer. Canadian Journal of Zoology 45 (6): 1129 - 1133, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1139/z67-123" title="The morphology of the marine amphipod Stegocephalus inflatus Kroyer." url="https://doi.org/10.1139/z67-123" volume="45" year="1967">Steele 1967</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 1A). Additionally, the new species can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="EA3AF2ACF6CEAFB4A95D665E9467450F" class="Crustacea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. kergueleni" order="Amphipoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kergueleni">
<emphasis id="D6FD772132E8F346D032DC873074BC51" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">S. kergueleni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Schellenberg, 1926) and
<taxonomicName id="C357C64DD002E39CD1C91FB3D5976E6A" class="Crustacea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. nipoma" order="Amphipoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nipoma">
<emphasis id="8AB3965CB9558805E6F6548F7BA626C9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">S. nipoma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(J.L. Barnard, 1961) by the presence of a toothed left lacinia mobilis, the posterior margin of gnathopod 1 is not densely setose; and the subacute posteroventral of epimeral 2 is not broadly rounded (
<bibRefCitation id="6F0BDC6E96F0303CBD5338BC9D5EAAF6" author="Schellenberg, A" journalOrPublisher=")" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" refId="B10" refString="Schellenberg, A, 1926. Amphipoda 3: Die Gammariden der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition auf dem Dampfer &quot;Valdivia&quot; 1898-1899 23(5): 195-243. [28 figs, 1 pl.]" title="Amphipoda 3: Die Gammariden der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition. Wissenschaftliche Ergebnisse der Deutschen Tiefsee-Expedition auf dem Dampfer &quot; Valdivia &quot; 1898 - 1899 23 (5): 195 - 243. [28 figs, 1 pl.]" year="1926">Schellenberg 1926</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="2EBE3C510E329936EB82E568ABFCC2C2" author="Barnard, JL" journalOrPublisher="Galathea Report" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" pagination="23 - 128" refId="B2" refString="Barnard, JL, 1961. Gammaridean Amphipoda from depths of 400-6000 meters. Galathea Report 5: 23 - 128" title="Gammaridean Amphipoda from depths of 400 - 6000 meters." volume="5" year="1961">Barnard 1961</bibRefCitation>
). Lastly, it also differs from
<taxonomicName id="EE0AFE800AA2DA8EA76042FB3F0D550B" class="Crustacea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="S. similis" order="Amphipoda" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="similis">
<emphasis id="9ECA711B797DB5CC88DF56339BC0F541" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="121">S. similis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the shape of the third epimeral plate, which is neither serrated nor notched (
<bibRefCitation id="D01728AA778FE82311065D96B585FBD0" author="Oldevig, H" journalOrPublisher=")" pageId="0" pageNumber="121" pagination="1 - 132" refId="B9" refString="Oldevig, H, 1959. Arctic, Subarctic and Scandinavian Amphipods in the collections of the Swedish Natural History Museum in Stockholm. Goteborgs Kungliga Vetenskaps- och Vitterhets-Samhalles Handlingar, sjatte foljden (ser B.) 8 (2): 1 - 132" title="Arctic, Subarctic and Scandinavian Amphipods in the collections of the Swedish Natural History Museum in Stockholm. Goteborgs Kungliga Vetenskaps- och Vitterhets-Samhalles Handlingar, sjatte foljden (ser B." volume="8" year="1959">Oldevig 1959</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</subSection>
</document>