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<mods:title id="BF267B9E4D2468AADDB3B85F2941B7A0">Taxonomic notes of jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae) from Guangxi, Hainan, Sichuan, Xizang and Yunnan, China</mods:title>
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<heading id="829CD8A6648F85D883FF1802D60066B0" reason="label">Genus</heading>
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<emphasis id="35EFCF3AAB336E4312CE88FEA29C6075" italics="true">Padillothorax</emphasis>
Simon, 1901
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species.
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<taxonomicName id="89BA526F1FA9AA35D15BFC12258EF29D" authority="Simon, 1901" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1901" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Padillothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="semiostrinus">
<emphasis id="D7D640CEC80533C4DE9EDBA1551EBC48" italics="true">Padillothorax semiostrinus</emphasis>
Simon, 1901
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;
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locality
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.
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<paragraph id="2B308F90ECBB26161746872134CA2630">
<heading id="EBD43E055A8BA8B77BE030202F6B72E2" reason="title">Comments.</heading>
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<paragraph id="15B139186392552967990B3AEA3A8128">
This genus is considered to be a member of
<taxonomicName id="B5F5FDCE9A1A5E4D4A8E4639EB779D92" authority="Simon, 1901" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1901" rank="tribe" tribe="Baviini">Baviini Simon, 1901</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="9266D1221F052FFFFDD52EC6AB17A494" DOI="10.1636/arac-43-03-231-292" author="Maddison" firstAuthor="Maddison" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of Arachnology" pagination="231-292" refId="B18" refString="Maddison WP (2015) A phylogenetic classification of jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae). The Journal of Arachnology 43 (3): 231292. https://doi.org/10.1636/arac-43-03-231-292" title="A phylogenetic classification of jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae)." volume="43" year="2015">Maddison 2015</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="36114D8918CA9A29F811B59339A226BE" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1004.57526" author="Maddison" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Maddison" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="27-97" refId="B20" refString="Maddison WP, Beattie I, Marathe K, Ng PYC, Kanesharatnam N, Benjamin SP, Kunte K (2020) A phylogenetic and taxonomic review of baviine jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae, Baviini). ZooKeys 1004: 2797. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1004.57526" title="A phylogenetic and taxonomic review of baviine jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae, Baviini)." volume="1004" year="2020">Maddison et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
). It has always been poorly known, from only two nominal species until a proper redefinition was provided by
<bibRefCitation id="272A9BD373A8A522B664C7DBF413DAC6" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1004.57526" author="Maddison WP &amp; Beattie I &amp; Marathe K &amp; Ng PYC &amp; Kanesharatnam N &amp; Benjamin SP &amp; Kunte K" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Maddison" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="27-97" refId="B20" refString="Maddison WP, Beattie I, Marathe K, Ng PYC, Kanesharatnam N, Benjamin SP, Kunte K (2020) A phylogenetic and taxonomic review of baviine jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae, Baviini). ZooKeys 1004: 2797. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1004.57526" title="A phylogenetic and taxonomic review of baviine jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae, Baviini)." volume="1004" year="2020">Maddison et al. (2020)</bibRefCitation>
, who first illustrated the generotype, proposed three new combinations and added two new members. Further taxonomic attention to the genus is also essential because three members, including the generotype, remain known only from a single sex and
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<emphasis id="C51415FBF419D0420D17780BB75865F8" italics="true">P. taprobanicus</emphasis>
Simon, 1902
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lacks diagnostic drawings (
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<mods:date id="53870C18AC47C521505CE317BC2ECF83">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:location id="4A8A2549E680709282B7C7F09DFF8EDF">
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<mods:identifier id="6B2F8FCEB8BBD9497E1757BC0B37DCBA" type="ZooBank">E0A267D-6195-4EC4-92B1-757DD5956C85</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03E3EA7C3151BF0D1D8FFF3DFB23FDEA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EA7C3151BF0D1D8FFF3DFB23FDEA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E3EA7C3151BF0D1D8FFF3DFB23FDEA" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<subSubSection id="C35008E13151BF001D8FFF3DFDF1FF1B" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3151BF001D8FFF3DFDF1FF1B" blockId="5.[195,680,142,201]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B93E87783151BF001D8FFF3DFDF1FF1B" bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<subSubSection id="C35008E13151BF001D8FFF3DFD7AFF78" box="[195,680,142,170]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3151BF001D8FFF3DFD7AFF78" blockId="5.[195,680,142,201]" box="[195,680,142,170]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="4C4A20E93151BF001D8FFF3DFD85FF78" ID-CoL="54QG" ID-ENA="2831207" authority="Fankanstonei Hoch &amp; Porter" authorityName="Fankanstonei Hoch &amp; Porter" authorityYear="2024" box="[195,599,142,170]" class="Insecta" family="Cixiidae" genus="Iolania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B93E87783151BF001D8FFF3DFE67FF78" bold="true" box="[195,437,142,170]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Iolania frankanstonei</emphasis>
Hoch &amp; Porter
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20D3A033151BF001F10FF23FD7AFF78" box="[604,680,144,170]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35008E13151BF031C05FF1CFA6DFE97" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3151BF001C05FF1CFDF1FF1B" blockId="5.[195,680,142,201]" box="[329,547,175,201]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
(
<figureCitation id="137147EF3151BF001C18FF1CFE70FF1B" box="[340,418,175,201]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="1.[113,178,1952,1976]" captionTargetBox="[115,1457,1051,1922]" captionTargetId="figure-509@1.[114,1458,1050,1923]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figure 1. Habitus of closelv related epigean and cavernicolous planthopper species. A, Iolania perkinsi (epigean). B, Iolania Ƒankanstonei (cavernicolous). C, Oliarus cf. filicicola (epigean). D, Oliarus polyphemus (cavernicolous).Images of live specimens bv M.E. Slav." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14423195" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14423195/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs 1B</figureCitation>
,
@ -92,10 +96,7 @@ Hoch &amp; Porter
,
<figureCitation id="137147EF3151BF001CA1FF1CFDCAFF1B" box="[493,536,175,201]" captionStart-0="Figure 4" captionStart-1="Figure 5" captionStartId-0="5.[113,178,1954,1978]" captionStartId-1="7.[113,178,1768,1792]" captionTargetBox-0="[359,1212,820,1927]" captionTargetBox-1="[115,1456,146,1738]" captionTargetId-0="figure-313@5.[356,1216,817,1928]" captionTargetId-1="figure-6@7.[112,1459,144,1740]" captionTargetPageId-0="5" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionText-0="Figure 4. Iolania Ƒankanstonei, male, wing morphologv. A, right tegmen. B, right hind wing.Scale bar:0.5 mm. Male from CKM entrance." captionText-1="Figure 5. Iolania Ƒankanstonei, male genitalia.A, genital segment, less lateral aspect. B, same, caudal aspect. C, anal segment, right lateral aspect.D, same, caudal aspect. E, less gonostvle, maximal aspect.F, aedeagus, dorsal aspect.G, same, less lateral aspect. Scale bars: 0.1 mm. Male from CKM entrance, same as in Figure 4." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14423205" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14423207" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/14423205/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/14423207/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">45</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C35008E13151BF031CCCFF69FA6DFE97" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3151BF001CCCFF69FE3EFF21" blockId="5.[384,492,218,243]" box="[384,492,218,243]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B93E87783151BF001CCCFF69FE3EFF21" box="[384,492,218,243]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
@ -194,6 +195,7 @@ sequences of
were deposited in GenBank under accession numbers MZ048276MZ048281.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</emphasis>
<subSubSection id="C35008E13152BF03197CFED6FC44FC4A" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3152BF03197CFED6FB1EFEAC" blockId="6.[825,1475,356,920]" box="[1072,1228,356,383]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="B93E87783152BF03197CFED6FB1EFEAC" box="[1072,1228,356,383]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Species diagnosis</emphasis>
@ -267,21 +269,19 @@ and
<emphasis id="B93E87783152BF031968FA1EFB05FA15" box="[1060,1239,1453,1479]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Material examined</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3152BF031E75FA67FAFCF998" blockId="6.[825,1474,1492,1610]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<materialsCitation id="3B2251373152BF031E75FA67FAFCF998" collectingDate="2016-11-24" collectionCode="BPBM" collectorName="M. E. Slav &amp; C. A. M. Slav &amp; M. L. Porter" country="United States of America" elevation="1096" location="Male" municipality="Kipuka Kanohina" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hawaii" typeStatus="holotype">
<materialsCitation id="3B2251373152BF031E75FA67FAFCF998" collectedFrom="Kipuka Kanohina lava tube svstem" collectingDate="2016-11-24" collectionCode="BPBM" collectorName="M. E. Slav &amp; C. A. M. Slav &amp; M. L. Porter" country="United States of America" elevation="1096" location="Hawaiʻi" municipality="Kipuka Kanohina" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Hawaiʻi" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B93E87783152BF031E75FA67FC4BFA3E" box="[825,921,1492,1516]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<typeStatus id="54F1E5C83152BF031E75FA67FC46FA3E" box="[825,916,1492,1516]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
<location id="8E950DB13152BF031ED2FA67FC01FA3E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EA7C3151BF0D1D8FFF3DFB23FDEA:8E950DB13152BF031ED2FA67FC01FA3E" box="[926,979,1492,1516]" country="United States of America" municipality="Kipuka Kanohina" name="Male" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" stateProvince="Hawaii">Male</location>
<specimenCount id="9D4C90E33152BF031ED2FA67FC01FA3E" box="[926,979,1492,1516]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="male">Male</specimenCount>
,
<collectingRegion id="498E95883152BF031E97FA67FBFCFA3E" box="[987,1070,1492,1516]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Hawaiʻi</collectingRegion>
/
<collectingCountry id="F35D1BFA3152BF03197AFA67FBBEFA3E" box="[1078,1132,1492,1516]" name="United States of America" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">USA</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="498E95883152BF031938FA67FB11FA3E" box="[1140,1219,1492,1516]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Hawaiʻi</collectingRegion>
Island,
<collectingMunicipality id="6B91C1103152BF031843FA67FA10FA3E" box="[1295,1474,1492,1516]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Kipuka Kanohina</collectingMunicipality>
lava tube svstem, CKM entrance (HI 00153),
: Hawaiʻi Island,
<collectedFrom id="385618973152BF031843FA67FC37F9D9" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Kipuka Kanohina lava tube svstem</collectedFrom>
, CKM entrance (HI 00153),
<elevation id="0067BC593152BF031855FA40FA4EF9D9" box="[1305,1436,1523,1547]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0959999999999999" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="m" value="1096.0">
<quantity id="4CB2F68F3152BF031855FA40FABBF9D9" box="[1305,1385,1523,1547]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0959999999999999" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="m" value="1096.0">1096 m</quantity>
a.s.l.
@ -297,27 +297,26 @@ a.s.l.
, and
<collectorName id="26BF3EBC3152BF03185DF9A0FA59F9F8" box="[1297,1419,1555,1578]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">M.L. Porter</collectorName>
coll.,
<collectionCode id="ED5BC3AF3152BF031E75F981FCACF99B" box="[825,894,1586,1609]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED5BC3AF3152BF031E75F981FCACF99B" box="[825,894,1586,1609]" collectionName="USA, Hawaii, Honolulu, Bernice P. Bishop Museum" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
(tvpe number:
<emphasis id="B93E87783152BF031953F980FACFF998" box="[1055,1309,1586,1610]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">BPBMENT 2008035007</emphasis>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3152BF031E75F9DFFA87F951" blockId="6.[825,1365,1643,1667]" box="[825,1365,1643,1667]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<materialsCitation id="3B2251373152BF031E75F9DFFA83F951" box="[825,1361,1643,1667]" collectionCode="BPBM" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" typeStatus="paratype">
<materialsCitation id="3B2251373152BF031E75F9DFFA83F951" box="[825,1361,1643,1667]" collectedFrom="Kipuka Kanohina lava tube svstem" collectingDate="2016-11-24" collectionCode="BPBM" collectorName="M. E. Slav &amp; C. A. M. Slav &amp; M. L. Porter" country="United States of America" elevation="1096" municipality="Kipuka Kanohina" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Hawaiʻi" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B93E87783152BF031E75F9DFFC72F951" box="[825,928,1644,1667]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<typeStatus id="54F1E5C83152BF031E75F9DFFC49F951" box="[825,923,1644,1667]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9D4C90E33152BF031EE9F9DFFBC7F951" box="[933,1045,1643,1667]" count="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="male">Two males</specimenCount>
, same data as holotvpe,
<collectionCode id="ED5BC3AF3152BF031845F9DFFA83F951" box="[1289,1361,1644,1667]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="ED5BC3AF3152BF031845F9DFFA83F951" box="[1289,1361,1644,1667]" collectionName="USA, Hawaii, Honolulu, Bernice P. Bishop Museum" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3152BF031E75F916FC57F8EB" blockId="6.[825,1475,1701,1975]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="B93E87783152BF031E75F916FBDBF96F" box="[825,1033,1701,1725]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Additional material:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B2251373152BF03195BF916FC53F8EB" collectingDate="2018-11-24" collectionCode="BPBM" collectorName="M. E. Slav &amp; C. A. M. Slav &amp; A. Katz &amp; J. Gunter &amp; K. Yelverton &amp; P. Bosted" country="United States of America" elevation="730" location="Kipuka Kanohina" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Hawaii">
<specimenCount id="9D4C90E33152BF03195BF916FB54F96F" box="[1047,1158,1701,1725]" count="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="male">One male</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount id="9D4C90E33152BF0319DBF916FAC9F96F" box="[1175,1307,1701,1725]" count="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="female">two females</specimenCount>
@ -352,11 +351,9 @@ a.s.l.
<collectorName id="26BF3EBC3152BF03187CF8B0FA5CF8C9" box="[1328,1422,1795,1819]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">P. Bosted</collectorName>
coll.,
<collectionCode id="ED5BC3AF3152BF031E75F891FC53F8EB" box="[825,897,1826,1849]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A3152BF031E19F8F2FBCDF865" blockId="6.[825,1475,1701,1975]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<materialsCitation id="3B2251373152BF031E19F8F2FAC9F845" collectingDate="2018-03-25" collectionCode="V" collectorName="M. E. Slav &amp; A. S. Engel &amp; S. Engel" country="United States of America" elevation="539" location="Kipuka Kanohina" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Hawaii">
<specimenCount id="9D4C90E33152BF031E19F8F2FC6FF88B" box="[853,957,1857,1881]" count="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="male">One male</specimenCount>
,
<collectingRegion id="498E95883152BF031E85F8F2FBCEF88B" box="[969,1052,1857,1881]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Hawaiʻi</collectingRegion>
@ -383,9 +380,7 @@ a.s.l.
<collectorName id="26BF3EBC3152BF0319E6F833FB2DF84A" box="[1194,1279,1920,1944]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">S. Engel</collectorName>
,
<collectionCode id="ED5BC3AF3152BF031846F833FAC9F845" box="[1290,1307,1920,1943]" country="Canada" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13946" name="Royal British Columbia Museum - Herbarium" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="Museum">V</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B2251373152BF031869F833FBC9F865" collectionCode="T, BPBM" collectorName="Gracanin" country="United States of America" location="Hackell" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" specimenCount="1">
<location id="8E950DB13152BF031869F833FAA7F84A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E3EA7C3151BF0D1D8FFF3DFB23FDEA:8E950DB13152BF031869F833FAA7F84A" box="[1317,1397,1920,1944]" country="United States of America" name="Hackell" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Hackell</location>
, and
<collectionCode id="ED5BC3AF3152BF0318E2F833FA6DF845" box="[1454,1471,1920,1943]" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">T</collectionCode>
@ -393,7 +388,6 @@ a.s.l.
<collectorName id="26BF3EBC3152BF031E75F82CFC4AF865" box="[825,920,1951,1975]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Gracanin</collectorName>
coll.,
<collectionCode id="ED5BC3AF3152BF031E9FF813FBC9F865" box="[979,1051,1952,1975]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF350BE23153BF021D3DF95BFE20F8E5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14423207" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14423207" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14423207/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" startId="7.[113,178,1768,1792]" targetBox="[115,1456,146,1738]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
@ -408,7 +402,6 @@ Figure 5.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A315CBF0D1DD0FF23FF1FFED7" blockId="8.[129,778,144,575]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<materialsCitation id="3B225137315CBF0D1DD0FF23FF1BFED7" collectingDate="2018-11-19" collectionCode="R, BPBM" collectorName="A. Chong &amp; A. S. Engel &amp; M. L. Porter" country="United States of America" elevation="539" location="Kipuka Kanohina" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Hawaii">
<specimenCount id="9D4C90E3315CBF0D1DD0FF23FED7FF7A" box="[156,261,144,168]" count="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="male">One male</specimenCount>
,
<collectingRegion id="498E9588315CBF0D1C5CFF23FEB1FF7A" box="[272,355,144,168]" country="United States of America" name="Hawaii" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Hawaiʻi</collectingRegion>
@ -437,7 +430,6 @@ a.s.l.
<collectorName id="26BF3EBC315CBF0D1F17FF7CFD06FF34" box="[603,724,207,230]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">M.L. Porter</collectorName>
coll.,
<collectionCode id="ED5BC3AF315CBF0D1DCDFF5DFF1BFED7" box="[129,201,238,261]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34697" name="Bishop Museum" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="Museum">BPBM</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF55B6A315CBF0D1DD0FEBEFE8CFDED" blockId="8.[129,778,144,575]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
@ -558,7 +550,7 @@ and
<emphasis id="B93E8778315CBF0D1E75FD93FC51FDEA" box="[825,899,544,568]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Oliarus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
samples (
<figureCitation id="137147EF315CBF0D1EA5FD93FBF3FDEA" box="[1001,1057,544,568]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="9.[113,178,1834,1858]" captionTargetBox="[156,1411,147,1804]" captionTargetId="graphics-6@9.[156,1221,158,1782]" captionText="Figure 6. Maximum likelihood phvlogenv of representative cixiid species of the two separate lineages that have colonized Hawaii:Iolania and Oliarus, Aphrophoridae (Philaenus spumarius), and Cercopidae (Callitetix versicolor), and the aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum used as an outgroup. Bootstrap values from 1000 replicates that were&gt;70% are included to indicate branch support.GenBank accession numbers for all sequences used are provided in parantheses asser species names. New sequences generated for this studv are in bold, and troglobiont species are indicated bv grev boxes. Arrows indicate separate cave colonization events in both cixiid lineages on Hawaiʻi Island." pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="137147EF315CBF0D1EA5FD93FBF3FDEA" box="[1001,1057,544,568]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="9.[113,178,1834,1858]" captionTargetBox="[156,1411,147,1804]" captionTargetId="graphics-6@9.[156,1221,158,1782]" captionText="Figure 6. Maximum likelihood phvlogenv of representative cixiid species of the two separate lineages that have colonized Hawaii:Iolania and Oliarus, Aphrophoridae (Philaenus spumarius), and Cercopidae (Callitetix versicolor), and the aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum used as an outgroup. Bootstrap values from 1000 replicates that were&gt;70% are included to indicate branch support.GenBank accession numbers for all sequences used are provided in parantheses asser species names. New sequences generated for this studv are in bold, and troglobiont species are indicated bv grev boxes. Arrows indicate separate cave colonization events in both cixiid lineages on Hawaiʻi Island." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508868" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508868/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFDB269B315CBF0D1962FD93FB32FDEA" author="Chong T &amp; Steck M &amp; Porter ML" box="[1070,1248,544,568]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="1015 - 7" refId="ref8561" refString="Chong T, Steck M, Porter ML. Complete mitochondrial genomes and phvlogenetic analvsis of the Hawaiian planthoppers Iolania perkinsi and Oliarus cf. filicicola (Hemiptera: Cixiidae). Mitochondrial DNA. Part B, Resources 2022; 7: 1015 - 7. hups: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 238023 59.2022. 2080596" type="journal article" year="2022">
Chong

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@ -0,0 +1,118 @@
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<paragraph id="A8847E80E78DDDA209E741A3B17AC840">
<heading id="C6D085E335F7BD75A90BDF2DCB65924C" reason="label">Genus</heading>
<taxonomicName id="229F066D94BE4347274013329DD07CF6" ID-CoL="6QT2" authority="Thorell, 1895" authorityName="Thorell" authorityYear="1895" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Piranthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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Thorell, 1895
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<paragraph id="B14F2FE63DF4C07E943D89E6F873541F">
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<typeStatus id="0831355882C327F91075706DAA434B5E">Type</typeStatus>
species.
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<paragraph id="F459623CC2C619461A7E66E470727C3A">
<taxonomicName id="25F5F5AAD1E72CF5255935E08DAC6408" authority="Thorell, 1895" authorityName="Thorell" authorityYear="1895" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Piranthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="decorus">
<emphasis id="BC90FBBB54E4EB84ADAFE520E8971C20" italics="true">Piranthus decorus</emphasis>
Thorell, 1895
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;
<typeStatus id="7211D26A86A7CDB2E843409E3F629597">type</typeStatus>
locality Palon,
<collectingCountry id="4D0F9A6E6AEAD112429DAC92FCD01221" name="Myanmar">Myanmar</collectingCountry>
.
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<subSubSection id="SECID0EK6CI" type="comments">
<paragraph id="8879E8A19CE0D0D8032ABA1B61FA95A2">
<heading id="A60435F2880B7D6303BBFD014995B434" reason="title">Comments.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="52FEA319F131520930933118F45BA6D7">
<taxonomicName id="F4E47A1FD9426DAA4E221AED45EDA2CB" authorityName="Thorell" authorityYear="1895" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Piranthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="07289C704F8BE8E2E0448AAB48A1F4EE" italics="true">Piranthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is considered as a member of the tribe
<taxonomicName id="69F51D792A0D3F8BEB9488B7DC0862E9" authority="Simon, 1901" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1901" rank="tribe" tribe="Baviini">Baviini Simon, 1901</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="7BD8A3775C328DA691DF809FBD32FDCD" DOI="10.1636/arac-43-03-231-292" author="Maddison" firstAuthor="Maddison" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of Arachnology" pagination="231-292" refId="B18" refString="Maddison WP (2015) A phylogenetic classification of jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae). The Journal of Arachnology 43 (3): 231292. https://doi.org/10.1636/arac-43-03-231-292" title="A phylogenetic classification of jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae)." volume="43" year="2015">Maddison 2015</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="BCE4ABBDD9D12B65138C81A140B84492" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1004.57526" author="Maddison" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Maddison" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="27-97" refId="B20" refString="Maddison WP, Beattie I, Marathe K, Ng PYC, Kanesharatnam N, Benjamin SP, Kunte K (2020) A phylogenetic and taxonomic review of baviine jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae, Baviini). ZooKeys 1004: 2797. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1004.57526" title="A phylogenetic and taxonomic review of baviine jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae, Baviini)." volume="1004" year="2020">Maddison et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
). To date, six species are known from tropical Asia (
<bibRefCitation id="184D9EE1E67E3458026ED1BFB85D0E78" DOI="10.24436/2" refId="B35" refString="World Spider Catalog (2024) World Spider Catalog. Version 25.0. Natural History Museum Bern, http://wsc.nmbe.ch. [accessed on 3 Jul. 2024] https://doi.org/10.24436/2" url="http://wsc.nmbe.ch" year="2024">WSC 2024</bibRefCitation>
), of which four were described by
<bibRefCitation id="F43D5DDE54AD454630E754912675D21D" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1004.57526" author="Maddison WP &amp; Beattie I &amp; Marathe K &amp; Ng PYC &amp; Kanesharatnam N &amp; Benjamin SP &amp; Kunte K" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Maddison" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="27-97" refId="B20" refString="Maddison WP, Beattie I, Marathe K, Ng PYC, Kanesharatnam N, Benjamin SP, Kunte K (2020) A phylogenetic and taxonomic review of baviine jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae, Baviini). ZooKeys 1004: 2797. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1004.57526" title="A phylogenetic and taxonomic review of baviine jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae, Baviini)." volume="1004" year="2020">Maddison et al. (2020)</bibRefCitation>
. The genus is relatively well studied because all members are known from diagnostic drawings, and only two are known from a single sex (
<bibRefCitation id="630A13879F379CF53B82429BEB05138D" DOI="10.24436/2" refId="B35" refString="World Spider Catalog (2024) World Spider Catalog. Version 25.0. Natural History Museum Bern, http://wsc.nmbe.ch. [accessed on 3 Jul. 2024] https://doi.org/10.24436/2" url="http://wsc.nmbe.ch" year="2024">WSC 2024</bibRefCitation>
). Besides the below-described new species, the generotype has also been found in
<collectingRegion id="FAEC4CEA04549E12A8EE7FCE99E39B44" country="China" name="Hainan">Hainan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="CD54E181D0726231A0BBABC6694B9C2A" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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<mods:affiliation id="76CEFF503C450652400955ECD978DA4E">College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="2248CF6DA337AB8873BDF3563817C02A">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="AD917C11FFBFC9306634F5D7605000AB">2024-12-17</mods:number>
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<treatment id="102FADB358AA53E181E73071823EF3BC" ID-arpha="102FADB3-58AA-53E1-81E7-3071823EF3BC" ID-zoobank="https://zoobank.org/2C8CCDDE-E317-4DD2-966E-626BC653C4DB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:102FADB358AA53E181E73071823EF3BC" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:2C8CCDDE-E317-4DD2-966E-626BC653C4DB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/102FADB358AA53E181E73071823EF3BC">
<subSubSection id="6419DBC2B8BA75CC5EF21DB0BBE9D799" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B984FAF216E1067DC388E41674E18042">
<taxonomicName id="33DBD956211B888D35781D70EEF746FC" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Synagelides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kongmingi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3AA83ACF99A1A58743C864EDC75A5D70" italics="true">Synagelides kongmingi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7F0F4D99C556C2D6715270D5C3BC1FB8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7D17A818C104367FB2277D06B2A1A820" type="description">
<paragraph id="466912357DEF5FD8DF3A00FE80D34087">
<figureCitation id="B46CF7B3DECE48A66D21D00FBB75E718" captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="F31" captionText="Figure 31. Male palp of Synagelides kongmingi sp. nov., paratype (TRU - JS 0778) A prolateral B retrolateral C ventral D dorsal. Abbreviations: CF cymbial flange; DCP dorsal cymbial process; E embolus; MA median apophysis; PB patellar bump of male palp; PCA prolateral cymbial apophysis; PFA prolateral femoral apophysis; RCA retrolateral cymbial apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct; VTP ventral tibial process. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure31" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201138">Figs 31</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="060A3465B18A5F8E1BA3D5D293E97500" captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Synagelides kongmingi sp. nov. E, F, H, I holotype A, C, G female paratype (TRU - JS 0779) B, D female paratype (TRU - JS 0780) A, B epigyne, ventral C, D vulva, dorsal E, G habitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral H carapace, frontal I chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; At atrium; AR atrial ridge; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A D, I); 0.5 mm (E H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201139">32</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="587525404EF951032648A63219BB60F0" captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="F47" captionText="Figure 47. Distributional records of Cheliceroides jinxini sp. nov., Dendroicius qiong sp. nov., Icius deergong sp. nov., I. yarlungzangbo sp. nov., Mintonia shiwandashan sp. nov., Okinawicius nepalicus (Andreeva, Hęciak &amp; Prószyński, 1984), Pancorius medog sp. nov., Piranthus maddisoni sp. nov., Stertinius lhoba sp. nov., Synagelides kongmingi sp. nov., S. yunchangi sp. nov., S. xuandei sp. nov., Yaginumaella daweishan sp. nov., Y. moinba sp. nov., and Y. pingbian sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201156">47</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EQBBK" type="type material">
<paragraph id="B43154725EFE9C2269B6EFC9E73710CE">
<heading id="710478619B398DE7D07E8D132229DE33" reason="title">Type material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="78EC584C7CB9900FF2C1CA2F77C388AB">
<materialsCitation id="08AF983E44FC09DD7A436E9260454CEE" collectingDate="2022-06-03" collectionCode="TRU" collectorName="A. L. He" country="China" county="Nanjiang County" elevation="1010" latitude="32.679333" location="Guangwu Township" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="106.7685" municipality="Bazhong City" specimenCode="JS 0777" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Sichuan" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="40C4DD7A5A9DAC83EAB785C4B13D0EED" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="5A879B0E214A59C3272A40244B2CE7E7" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="1800B48F4F0E48175446C7A9D9BEFC66" count="1" type="male"></specimenCount>
(
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E2BBK" xlink_title="Tongren University">
<collectionCode id="C3F4F26D022964777D36A933666A2C7F" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">TRU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
-
<specimenCode id="F3E41DF48ECEC59A9CC92DDDD1E3D07A" collectionCode="TRU" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E6BBK" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0777
</specimenCode>
),
<collectingCountry id="67D9AB7FCEDB9CB9DE866F454444E331" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
: •
<collectingRegion id="A79D54DAE5A875EABC0797D7CA2BCC96" country="China" name="Sichuan">Sichuan Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="2552655D044808155DEAF8171544AC4C">Bazhong City</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="7CA0D7D32D48CE12503EB4DAB8AB05C7">Nanjiang County</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="E332586719DCCDF8820D0B7CBB64E9A5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:102FADB358AA53E181E73071823EF3BC:E332586719DCCDF8820D0B7CBB64E9A5" country="China" county="Nanjiang County" latitude="32.679333" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="106.7685" municipality="Bazhong City" name="Guangwu Township" stateProvince="Sichuan">Guangwu Township</location>
,
<location id="690D892340F5952D7DB6B7718C222BCB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:102FADB358AA53E181E73071823EF3BC:690D892340F5952D7DB6B7718C222BCB" country="China" county="Nanjiang County" latitude="32.679333" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="106.7685" municipality="Bazhong City" name="Guangwushan-Nuoshuihe National Geopark" stateProvince="Sichuan">Guangwushan-Nuoshuihe National Geopark</location>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EGCBK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[106.768500,32.679333]}">
<geoCoordinate id="478F4ED57F901085996F9729D91FA0A8" degrees="32" direction="north" minutes="40.76" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="32.679333">32 ° 40.76 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="05544B587CEE30EE04EAF5469FCC5A97" degrees="106" direction="east" minutes="46.11" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="106.7685">106 ° 46.11 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
, ca
<quantity id="0AE3D693548BE3389F3F37ED91BC5FFD" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.01" unit="m" value="1010.0">
<elevation id="53F4BCBA24C93DFD26DC464FCB33CFC1" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.01" unit="m" value="1010.0">1010 m</elevation>
</quantity>
),
<date id="4A3ECFE0E66A2451178ECA9781CA2C09" value="2022-06-03">
<collectingDate id="9D89422B81A7D9564E073EAD23BB599D" value="2022-06-03">3. VI. 2022</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="0AAD8DD794D598C6F67CAC088A5BAB8F">A. L. He</collectorName>
et al. leg
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="2056C12827242DFE53A47D49987F4D20" collectingDate="2022-08-04" collectionCode="TRU" collectorName="A. L. He" country="China" elevation="1470" latitude="32.6595" location="Sandaoguan Scenic Area" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="106.739334" specimenCode="JS 0778-0780" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Sichuan" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="0D7EF20C4127788BE5411A5B69C4161D" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="2A6576030434001E49376F3EC9641D9F" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="A56DCF1E95978E94B9B119597CB992B6" count="1" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9C7D72689773949ED911CEEBBB08FF8F" count="2" type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
(
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EOCBK" xlink_title="Tongren University">
<collectionCode id="3D1AD2CDB0372C706C31769DB19959AC" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">TRU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
-
<specimenCode id="8706A5C63AC52AFD8C33BCBF6F65CF84" collectionCode="TRU" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ESCBK" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
07780780
</specimenCode>
),
<location id="EF7BC40D9F4F2BE3C89E9F3E4B580DEB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:102FADB358AA53E181E73071823EF3BC:EF7BC40D9F4F2BE3C89E9F3E4B580DEB" country="China" latitude="32.6595" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="106.739334" name="Sandaoguan Scenic Area" stateProvince="Sichuan">Sandaoguan Scenic Area</location>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EZCBK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[106.739333,32.659500]}">
<geoCoordinate id="AFE2FD0C9A27675DDBBC0E6150CCE1CC" degrees="32" direction="north" minutes="39.57" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="32.6595">32 ° 39.57 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="F0EA9A601436005A71555956C750CE68" degrees="106" direction="east" minutes="44.36" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="106.739334">106 ° 44.36 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
, ca
<quantity id="EC87EA91BE888742337E8F670C6FE15F" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.47" unit="m" value="1470.0">
<elevation id="753354416CAFE95311F64D041D9EE4B7" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.47" unit="m" value="1470.0">1470 m</elevation>
</quantity>
),
<date id="CEFDE3EF58498D15BC9F3A8229276EBC" value="2022-08-04">
<collectingDate id="9079A0EA3CC000A201E146868537DE89" value="2022-08-04">4. VIII. 2022</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="49CCD21E76F2A75F84FFCDF40311CF4B">A. L. He</collectorName>
et al. leg
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E5CBK" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="3081E02DB32DCCF189381EE736E1D5C0">
<heading id="8A1362AD53F5CE9D91614F277BE6267F" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="95FB37A41A205294AA71112808399302">The specific name is a patronym in honor of a famous wise strategist Zhuge Kongming; noun (name) in the genitive case.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EDDBK" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="E9D2CC5A3372C10476B0424DC1FC2FC6">
<heading id="7E60A01B715DB2D130C6431FC7DC8C65" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C2028B988A4F9CFFEF09AF8D088173C9">
<taxonomicName id="E04BBE8A0A21854BBD7D7B2F76E06F30" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Synagelides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kongmingi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="500FFC13CF3EA4E42AE0A9F2327C0960" italics="true">Synagelides kongmingi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3DB5B49E4CCFE0C0BBF847CEFCAEB519" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
resembles that of
<taxonomicName id="9A5E70B5BF46750A4281F84A9CAE1063" authority="Wang, Mi &amp; Li, 2024" authorityName="Wang, Mi &amp; Li" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Synagelides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tianquan">
<emphasis id="E947EEB6B90F6A20DC9C9AF8B56F8A5C" italics="true">S. tianquan</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D713CB431C4B9FB9899BA524554818D7" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1192.114589" author="Wang C &amp; Mi XQ &amp; Li S" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="141-178" refId="B32" refString="Wang C, Mi XQ, Li S (2024) Eleven species of jumping spiders from Sichuan, Xizang, and Yunnan, China (Araneae, Salticidae). ZooKeys 1192: 141 - 178. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 1192.114589" title="Eleven species of jumping spiders from Sichuan, Xizang, and Yunnan, China (Araneae, Salticidae)." volume="1192" year="2024">
Wang, Mi &amp; Li,
<quantity id="17231E2192028E9BA86545D9AECDAF84" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.14096" unit="in" value="2024.0">2024 in</quantity>
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
having very similar habitus and copulatory organs, but differs in: 1) retrolateral cymbial apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E6DBK" xlink_title="retrolateral cymbial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="45F9CECA293EC3AB2980912B83DE0CF3">RCA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) with a smooth edge in dorsal view (Fig.
<figureCitation id="F811B54E8D1CCE2245E0C5D7852AA107" captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="F31" captionText="Figure 31. Male palp of Synagelides kongmingi sp. nov., paratype (TRU - JS 0778) A prolateral B retrolateral C ventral D dorsal. Abbreviations: CF cymbial flange; DCP dorsal cymbial process; E embolus; MA median apophysis; PB patellar bump of male palp; PCA prolateral cymbial apophysis; PFA prolateral femoral apophysis; RCA retrolateral cymbial apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct; VTP ventral tibial process. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure31" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201138">31 D</figureCitation>
) vs a shallow incision on inner edge (
<bibRefCitation id="3AE754D3FDC22AD686511430C3E2F72A" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1192.114589" author="Wang" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Wang" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="141-178" refId="B32" refString="Wang C, Mi XQ, Li S (2024) Eleven species of jumping spiders from Sichuan, Xizang, and Yunnan, China (Araneae, Salticidae). ZooKeys 1192: 141178. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1192.114589" title="Eleven species of jumping spiders from Sichuan, Xizang, and Yunnan, China (Araneae, Salticidae)." volume="1192" year="2024">Wang et al. 2024</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 18 D); 2) presence of a groove between the retrolateral cymbial apophysis and dorsal cymbial process (Fig.
<figureCitation id="EC6D7B3B12CE39224672197872C9FD36" captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="F31" captionText="Figure 31. Male palp of Synagelides kongmingi sp. nov., paratype (TRU - JS 0778) A prolateral B retrolateral C ventral D dorsal. Abbreviations: CF cymbial flange; DCP dorsal cymbial process; E embolus; MA median apophysis; PB patellar bump of male palp; PCA prolateral cymbial apophysis; PFA prolateral femoral apophysis; RCA retrolateral cymbial apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct; VTP ventral tibial process. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure31" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201138">31 D</figureCitation>
) vs absent (
<bibRefCitation id="9B2EE547854E41EB1A1EE1287203CD60" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1192.114589" author="Wang" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Wang" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="141-178" refId="B32" refString="Wang C, Mi XQ, Li S (2024) Eleven species of jumping spiders from Sichuan, Xizang, and Yunnan, China (Araneae, Salticidae). ZooKeys 1192: 141178. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1192.114589" title="Eleven species of jumping spiders from Sichuan, Xizang, and Yunnan, China (Araneae, Salticidae)." volume="1192" year="2024">Wang et al. 2024</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 18 D); 3) spermathecae (S) transversely extending (Fig.
<figureCitation id="A478C6BEA1D4D49228337F158A403EC9" captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Synagelides kongmingi sp. nov. E, F, H, I holotype A, C, G female paratype (TRU - JS 0779) B, D female paratype (TRU - JS 0780) A, B epigyne, ventral C, D vulva, dorsal E, G habitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral H carapace, frontal I chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; At atrium; AR atrial ridge; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A D, I); 0.5 mm (E H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201139">32 C, D</figureCitation>
) vs anteriorly extending at lateral portions (
<bibRefCitation id="7D0E1062865A83A81D60D853DC8AAE75" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1192.114589" author="Wang" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Wang" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="141-178" refId="B32" refString="Wang C, Mi XQ, Li S (2024) Eleven species of jumping spiders from Sichuan, Xizang, and Yunnan, China (Araneae, Salticidae). ZooKeys 1192: 141178. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1192.114589" title="Eleven species of jumping spiders from Sichuan, Xizang, and Yunnan, China (Araneae, Salticidae)." volume="1192" year="2024">Wang et al. 2024</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 19 B); 4) accessory glands (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E2EBK" xlink_title="accessory gland">
<collectionCode id="9A041D35F436C5636D0A6D392FD7EB50">AG</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) visible (Fig.
<figureCitation id="87A8D8502D140C7BCB0AE0BC0199FB9D" captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Synagelides kongmingi sp. nov. E, F, H, I holotype A, C, G female paratype (TRU - JS 0779) B, D female paratype (TRU - JS 0780) A, B epigyne, ventral C, D vulva, dorsal E, G habitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral H carapace, frontal I chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; At atrium; AR atrial ridge; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A D, I); 0.5 mm (E H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201139">32 C, D</figureCitation>
) vs invisible (
<bibRefCitation id="1741718EE7DDE3F2E5DFACC9A1358B03" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1192.114589" author="Wang" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Wang" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="141-178" refId="B32" refString="Wang C, Mi XQ, Li S (2024) Eleven species of jumping spiders from Sichuan, Xizang, and Yunnan, China (Araneae, Salticidae). ZooKeys 1192: 141178. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1192.114589" title="Eleven species of jumping spiders from Sichuan, Xizang, and Yunnan, China (Araneae, Salticidae)." volume="1192" year="2024">Wang et al. 2024</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 19 B).
</paragraph>
<caption id="523B9EBA52FD9A402A328EFF951BB122" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure31" ID-arpha="34E8B976-BF49-59D3-99CC-162EFB306297" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201138" startId="F31">
<paragraph id="370FFBC006D1DB680F8CBCE9ED65168C">
<label id="598ECDB498F1C349658F8272F7992715">Figure 31.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DAE2325AE2D9F9B2B949683AD8631758">
Male palp of
<taxonomicName id="7E098F0686226A3BD423BF79E907605E" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Synagelides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kongmingi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8CD82F48590EABCA2E6B5237C05CBCEB" italics="true">Synagelides kongmingi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9282C54FEC168795AA05BB41FD7CF8BF" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, paratype (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E1FBK" xlink_title="Tongren University">TRU</abbrev>
-
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E5FBK" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0778)
<emphasis id="EA7E5993C1D3EBF2EB261D0D5964A9E9" bold="true">A</emphasis>
prolateral
<emphasis id="0E2AA9CF5CE7FB070B457993046B02FE" bold="true">B</emphasis>
retrolateral
<emphasis id="320FD6899E47ACEEB7CCE0AA9FC6F87C" bold="true">C</emphasis>
ventral
<emphasis id="4B7EDB00773FFC79ED1A769DB15E5BDD" bold="true">D</emphasis>
dorsal. Abbreviations:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EKGBK" xlink_title="cymbial flange">CF</abbrev>
cymbial flange;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EOGBK" xlink_title="dorsal cymbial process">DCP</abbrev>
dorsal cymbial process; E embolus;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ESGBK" xlink_title="median apophysis">MA</abbrev>
median apophysis;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EWGBK" xlink_title="patellar bump of male palp">PB</abbrev>
patellar bump of male palp;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E1GBK" xlink_title="prolateral cymbial apophysis">PCA</abbrev>
prolateral cymbial apophysis;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E5GBK" xlink_title="prolateral femoral apophysis">PFA</abbrev>
prolateral femoral apophysis;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ECHBK" xlink_title="retrolateral cymbial apophysis">RCA</abbrev>
retrolateral cymbial apophysis;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EGHBK" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">RTA</abbrev>
retrolateral tibial apophysis;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EKHBK" xlink_title="sperm duct">SD</abbrev>
sperm duct;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EOHBK" xlink_title="ventral tibial process">VTP</abbrev>
ventral tibial process. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="6BC6B33919AE243C94AA7C4257E7954C" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure32" ID-arpha="4322F404-16C2-50CE-942E-898D4A57EB87" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201139" startId="F32">
<paragraph id="A2030589E64A9BBCC08D1EA5A8B71EDE">
<label id="CDCDF5CBB079F1146180C6E48EF9E531">Figure 32.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E19F3D827F3E0BE7777256C7D4B0A832">
<taxonomicName id="6269485DFE4AF8CE7542AA1796310E94" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Synagelides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kongmingi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="D93D538F655F91C096F0BFFB9769C908" italics="true">Synagelides kongmingi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4B1B65BCA27FDA7F9CB9E063E52E7BC4" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="48C07BE854B2B63DF3620C7C7350F665" bold="true">E, F, H, I</emphasis>
holotype
<emphasis id="6E33EFCC407E7D311BC14C0A25EFE3EA" bold="true">A, C, G</emphasis>
female paratype (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EOIBK" xlink_title="Tongren University">TRU</abbrev>
-
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ESIBK" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0779)
<emphasis id="3F6A040907612C3EFF5A24498303A628" bold="true">B, D</emphasis>
female paratype (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYIBK" xlink_title="Tongren University">TRU</abbrev>
-
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3IBK" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0780)
<emphasis id="00BC09FD798FEEA4F6ED8FF56D8BB7E9" bold="true">A, B</emphasis>
epigyne, ventral
<emphasis id="7109A9B5968F983CF3224B707A133BB9" bold="true">C, D</emphasis>
vulva, dorsal
<emphasis id="D1ECF2CFB9930F2A1BE5D2C907C57B5D" bold="true">E, G</emphasis>
habitus, dorsal
<emphasis id="C07CFD97341FB7355C01001CC01CCF7C" bold="true">F</emphasis>
ditto, ventral
<emphasis id="15A4DD876135AE515E538FBCF76EF973" bold="true">H</emphasis>
carapace, frontal
<emphasis id="FAD550B6F495B61322397A4A86F29D18" bold="true">I</emphasis>
chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMJBK" xlink_title="accessory gland">AG</abbrev>
accessory gland;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQJBK" xlink_title="atrium">At</abbrev>
atrium;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EUJBK" xlink_title="atrial ridge">AR</abbrev>
atrial ridge;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYJBK" xlink_title="copulatory duct">CD</abbrev>
copulatory duct;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3JBK" xlink_title="copulatory opening">CO</abbrev>
copulatory opening;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EAKBK" xlink_title="fertilization duct">FD</abbrev>
fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EEKBK" xlink_title="septum">Se</abbrev>
septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (
<emphasis id="9E527F51FA24FEA5BEBD425253405A90" bold="true">A D, I</emphasis>
); 0.5 mm (
<emphasis id="0F9CE73EFC809F88F0E0665F80DC86B9" bold="true">E H</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ERKBK" type="description">
<paragraph id="9195DCC66FB9795127E0C7A274F33AE3">
<heading id="E991C7E552C45DC86818DE0A9C791FED" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A079762D29B57FD3331E50CBB9BC6F4E">
<emphasis id="1DD60B8A6231A007538AC96F2B281B4A" bold="true">Male</emphasis>
(Figs
<geoCoordinate id="CE1B58D5741E79F09B49ACF48CF57377" degrees="31, 32" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="31.32">
<figureCitation id="21114D503A4DA7B3F707BEC16B439896" captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="F31" captionText="Figure 31. Male palp of Synagelides kongmingi sp. nov., paratype (TRU - JS 0778) A prolateral B retrolateral C ventral D dorsal. Abbreviations: CF cymbial flange; DCP dorsal cymbial process; E embolus; MA median apophysis; PB patellar bump of male palp; PCA prolateral cymbial apophysis; PFA prolateral femoral apophysis; RCA retrolateral cymbial apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct; VTP ventral tibial process. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure31" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201138">31</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="7231CB116D058DF0D1962E4EBD2B0CB6" captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Synagelides kongmingi sp. nov. E, F, H, I holotype A, C, G female paratype (TRU - JS 0779) B, D female paratype (TRU - JS 0780) A, B epigyne, ventral C, D vulva, dorsal E, G habitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral H carapace, frontal I chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; At atrium; AR atrial ridge; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A D, I); 0.5 mm (E H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201139">32 E, F, H, I</figureCitation>
</geoCoordinate>
). Total length 3.42. Carapace 1.53 long, 1.15 wide. Abdomen 1.84 long, 1.10 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBLBK" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.36,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EFLBK" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.20,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJLBK" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.18,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENLBK" xlink_title="anterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="2349090E938267A43C8B9FD92D2EBFC3">AERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.08,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERLBK" xlink_title="posterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="F18BF885EE1B9422784CBD87E32F8EF6">PERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.18,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVLBK" xlink_title="eye field length">EFL</abbrev>
0.89. Legs: I 3.73 (1.18, 0.90, 0.90, 0.45, 0.30), II 2.54 (0.75, 0.43, 0.58, 0.50, 0.28), III 2.61 (0.75, 0.38, 0.60, 0.60, 0.28), IV 3.51 (1.00, 0.50, 0.88, 0.80, 0.33). Carapace mainly red-brown, covered with sparse, thin setae. Legs mainly yellow except enlarged femora I brown, with lateral stripes on femora, patellae, tibiae, and metatarsi II, III, IV, and four and two pairs of ventral spines on tibiae and metatarsi I, respectively. Dorsum of abdomen divided into brown, pale and dark portions, with pair of transverse, anterior, pale stripes bearing white setae, and longitudinal, central scutum extending through anterior 1 / 3; venter pale, without distinct markings.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8EB87718F0021BA4DA4D7DD9748D8234">
<emphasis id="E0447D388441D2081BC66E8626388094" bold="true" italics="true">Palp</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="917FAC477E5628DC6E4CB07C7C260AF4" captionStart="Figure 31" captionStartId="F31" captionText="Figure 31. Male palp of Synagelides kongmingi sp. nov., paratype (TRU - JS 0778) A prolateral B retrolateral C ventral D dorsal. Abbreviations: CF cymbial flange; DCP dorsal cymbial process; E embolus; MA median apophysis; PB patellar bump of male palp; PCA prolateral cymbial apophysis; PFA prolateral femoral apophysis; RCA retrolateral cymbial apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct; VTP ventral tibial process. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure31" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201138">31 A D</figureCitation>
): femur length / width ratio ca 1.8; patella ~ 1.5 × longer than wide in retrolateral view; tibia ~ 1 / 3 patellar length, with flat retrolateral apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EEMBK" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="74A0323DDD0EBE22A046B21B6056B45E">RTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) abruptly narrowed distally to blunt tip directed ca 11 oclock position; cymbium length / width ratio ca 1.6, with flat prolateral and horn-shaped retrolateral apophyses, as well as sheet-shaped dorsal process (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EIMBK" xlink_title="dorsal cymbial process">
<collectionCode id="83C5EB337424DD6ADE1F7F90D9A9412B">DCP</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
); tegulum swollen; median apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMMBK" xlink_title="median apophysis">MA</abbrev>
) irregular, slightly bent towards ventrally at median portion; embolus (E) flat, and curved into invert C-shape at base, and followed by slightly curved, thinner, whip-shaped portion.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="95E4503CED32204193C68F0B9D3C9F4D">
<emphasis id="8E1706EB3981E7F2793E3D89C82DC8EA" bold="true">Female</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="41E8DBCB82D58C67F1E13669BF0B7930" captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Synagelides kongmingi sp. nov. E, F, H, I holotype A, C, G female paratype (TRU - JS 0779) B, D female paratype (TRU - JS 0780) A, B epigyne, ventral C, D vulva, dorsal E, G habitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral H carapace, frontal I chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; At atrium; AR atrial ridge; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A D, I); 0.5 mm (E H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201139">32 A D, G</figureCitation>
). Total length 3.42. Carapace 1.53 long, 1.15 wide. Abdomen 1.84 long, 1.10 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYMBK" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.36,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3MBK" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.20,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EANBK" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.18,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EENBK" xlink_title="anterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="F68037C338C7E1691CA6FDB1DCF774D4">AERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.08,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EINBK" xlink_title="posterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="D33C079711AC623EC8263105771B3FBC">PERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.18,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMNBK" xlink_title="eye field length">EFL</abbrev>
0.89. Legs: I 3.33 (1.00, 0.75, 0.85, 0.43, 0.30), II 2.29 (0.65, 0.38, 0.53, 0.45, 0.28), III 2.54 (0.75, 0.38, 0.58, 0.55, 0.28), IV 3.44 (1.00, 0.45, 0.88, 0.78, 0.33). Carapace (Fig.
<figureCitation id="24A7EED282299E1AF738CCC013A4DB4A" captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Synagelides kongmingi sp. nov. E, F, H, I holotype A, C, G female paratype (TRU - JS 0779) B, D female paratype (TRU - JS 0780) A, B epigyne, ventral C, D vulva, dorsal E, G habitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral H carapace, frontal I chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; At atrium; AR atrial ridge; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A D, I); 0.5 mm (E H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201139">32 G</figureCitation>
) similar to that of male except paler. Dorsum of abdomen (Fig.
<figureCitation id="D209D78D2839DBAEDBB1345E0B26D798" captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Synagelides kongmingi sp. nov. E, F, H, I holotype A, C, G female paratype (TRU - JS 0779) B, D female paratype (TRU - JS 0780) A, B epigyne, ventral C, D vulva, dorsal E, G habitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral H carapace, frontal I chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; At atrium; AR atrial ridge; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A D, I); 0.5 mm (E H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201139">32 G</figureCitation>
) pale brown; venter pale.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="579DBE94D7EE9C65ECC1437B502DE593">
<emphasis id="759D98122602C8982996FA77282C3D62" bold="true" italics="true">Epigyne</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="31D5A46278B5E951DA84883CD3E55FF5" captionStart="Figure 32" captionStartId="F32" captionText="Figure 32. Synagelides kongmingi sp. nov. E, F, H, I holotype A, C, G female paratype (TRU - JS 0779) B, D female paratype (TRU - JS 0780) A, B epigyne, ventral C, D vulva, dorsal E, G habitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral H carapace, frontal I chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; At atrium; AR atrial ridge; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A D, I); 0.5 mm (E H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure32" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201139">32 A D</figureCitation>
) ~ 1.27 × wider than long; atrium (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EDOBK" xlink_title="atrium">At</abbrev>
) occupies anterior 1 / 3, separated by broad, longitudinal septum (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EHOBK" xlink_title="septum">Se</abbrev>
) grooved medio-posteriorly and bearing invert cup-shaped anterior hood (H), with pair of lateral arc-shaped ridges (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ELOBK" xlink_title="atrial ridge">AR</abbrev>
) antero-laterally; copulatory openings (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EPOBK" xlink_title="copulatory opening">CO</abbrev>
) invisible; copulatory ducts (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ETOBK" xlink_title="copulatory duct">
<collectionCode id="384930DD8FA5AF8F2E87490452922C44">CD</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) strongly curved at proximal 1 / 3, and connected to antero-inner portions of spermathecae, with short, transversely extended, terminal accessory glands (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EXOBK" xlink_title="accessory gland">
<collectionCode id="FCFD78449406B48DDEFBE746760C3A16">AG</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
); spermathecae (S) oval, separated by ~ 1 / 8 of their width.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E2OBK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="169B66A9510803E2C6AD3D558EA4EE24">
<heading id="75676EF4651AA0E6D5FE549A80E22E41" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="18AD2A86B34532317222E7FC57DC9BA8">
Known only from the
<typeStatus id="C0EB1269B71870DFC0393CE86CED6985">type</typeStatus>
locality in
<collectingRegion id="7998B83158663D7FF5F8B4AD4F557D9A" country="China" name="Sichuan">Sichuan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="869C175CC81E74E7921BB05EDE29DAB0" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="5B7D528EBF359181A57D4B469BF9C7D3" captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="F47" captionText="Figure 47. Distributional records of Cheliceroides jinxini sp. nov., Dendroicius qiong sp. nov., Icius deergong sp. nov., I. yarlungzangbo sp. nov., Mintonia shiwandashan sp. nov., Okinawicius nepalicus (Andreeva, Hęciak &amp; Prószyński, 1984), Pancorius medog sp. nov., Piranthus maddisoni sp. nov., Stertinius lhoba sp. nov., Synagelides kongmingi sp. nov., S. yunchangi sp. nov., S. xuandei sp. nov., Yaginumaella daweishan sp. nov., Y. moinba sp. nov., and Y. pingbian sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201156">47</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,357 @@
<document id="8F6862A11453A44FBB8346DCE0177917" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640" ID-ZooBank="B61D8EFC-2753-4B88-8A36-DAB1F37D96BB" ID-publisher-id="135640" URI-arpha="F8D57D97-2224-5F08-A1CD-270092879F6D" URI-zoobank="http://zoobank.org/B61D8EFC-2753-4B88-8A36-DAB1F37D96BB" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1734448599246" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Wang, Cheng, Mi, Xiaoqi, Li, Shuqiang &amp; Xu, Xiang" docDate="2024" docId="1B3995C8947A542CBC90C9AF9B155CE7" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1221: 205-277" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1221" docSource="https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/135640/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docTitle="Yaginumaella daweishan Wang, Mi, Li &amp; Xu, 2024, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="277" masterDocId="F8D57D9722245F08A1CD270092879F6D" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic notes of jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae) from Guangxi, Hainan, Sichuan, Xizang and Yunnan, China" masterLastPageNumber="277" masterPageNumber="205" pageNumber="205" updateTime="1734448726274" updateUser="pensoft">
<mods:mods id="4942788C66F9CFB4B2FAC585D6876BCA" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="6C7744A6337A33FB86EF39F5B20088D4">
<mods:title id="122F626E7BEDCA8BEC319FC910E78D98">Taxonomic notes of jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae) from Guangxi, Hainan, Sichuan, Xizang and Yunnan, China</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="61FE647C06CDFE29BCEF06065ED29D73" type="personal">
<mods:role id="FA426F5C848ABB8CE1197140A16F8A22">
<mods:roleTerm id="1FFAFA9F5F8D28DF3FEDE256CB82B934">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="03901DA26E890DE42D4675E047E76FDD">Wang, Cheng</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E43E34E73714CF6FC57A2BC708AE7B95" type="ORCID">0000-0003-1831-0579</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="A00CBBF46CC2A27572D9A9A908BBC343">Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in the Fanjing Mountain Region, Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou 554300, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="32165CA2021371587379D2636F22DDD8">Mi, Xiaoqi</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="5EEC0190BB4BC4BBBDEF04B38C3D93B9" type="ORCID">0000-0003-1744-3855</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="35FAEF599F7602E0FCFEEC807204DEFC">Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in the Fanjing Mountain Region, Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou 554300, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="C81AF4CC6DF19D45B8CED2BF5507DEA7" type="personal">
<mods:role id="CD3BC06ACDB10548616E2E5C3E4CABA3">
<mods:roleTerm id="AE43ED600C09D1B1767DEFF985FCF0B9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="90C28439524E69870CE255E0CC1D5116">Li, Shuqiang</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="F112C314FB54F60A187B4E98668862DC" type="ORCID">0000-0002-3290-5416</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="7BE5F0551012FEE707BB13B83D787874">Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China &amp; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="44759238D8E69D072F9A71EB1A54509D" type="personal">
<mods:role id="28B4A4B6DF3DA18A3E6326517E960A71">
<mods:roleTerm id="314C4E98B1A167D36C34D4A132F167D6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="FF4925B63A734AB868415CBBE11B7E24">Xu, Xiang</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E5A349B07FC9DE2E122BC19134D971E5" type="ORCID">0000-0001-9485-5373</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="21277BB53143200FE6FF668D3330BFF5">College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="BD64E10A7EC1CBDCA9AE23EFB0E0E381">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="F438AEAFDBAD8E68F977251C87AC5DD2">
<mods:date id="D90EF867B80E2B8A66B867DEF6839C8D">2024</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="CA4C14A8B1976694D521BA749828D709" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="34DB3E26D420F50D5F728A1A65961685">2024-12-17</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="DEDEBC6DBAB06CDF0402E6EA5FC9367C" type="volume">
<mods:number id="64733877E52FC62D45A3C15F1DFB28ED">1221</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="C7FDEB13801FC1FCAC5C3A19C398E070">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="9FC586947194876B153395BC87B355F3" type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="40F03218E03057DFCC64D83AB57C932D" type="ZooBank">B61D8EFC-2753-4B88-8A36-DAB1F37D96BB</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="1B3995C8947A542CBC90C9AF9B155CE7" ID-arpha="1B3995C8-947A-542C-BC90-C9AF9B155CE7" ID-zoobank="https://zoobank.org/06D6603D-1E63-4D32-91A7-05A9AEE538A8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1B3995C8947A542CBC90C9AF9B155CE7" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:06D6603D-1E63-4D32-91A7-05A9AEE538A8" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1B3995C8947A542CBC90C9AF9B155CE7">
<subSubSection id="A6BA18B8C5CFF144D52A8E091D5B65A7" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="05EF243464582D75C76696BD99830FA9">
<taxonomicName id="644A2BC44582D969E19ED6DA4BEECC7E" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Yaginumaella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="daweishan" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="BD6CFADCA57914A4FCFA47FE5EFB5617" italics="true">Yaginumaella daweishan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9E8234BBFEC04D92EE89DD27C3C8093D" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5A32AF5A65E9357AA14A08E3E367F672" type="description">
<paragraph id="D6DFC85A85FC5B8A45FA1C4A3F9EDAE0">
<figureCitation id="BD2DA70C8D16C6DD11D1994AADE5F166" captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="F41" captionText="Figure 41. Male palp of Yaginumaella daweishan sp. nov., holotype A prolateral B ventral C retrolateral. Abbreviations: E embolus; PL posterior tegular lobe; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure41" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201149">Figs 41</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="A9B90329121F9935FE257C3CFA3B69A9" captionStart="Figure 42" captionStartId="F42" captionText="Figure 42. Yaginumaella daweishan sp. nov. C, D, F, G male holotype and A, B, E female paratype (TRU - JS 0809) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, E habitus, dorsal D ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: At atrium; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure42" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201150">42</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="F5818A2BB7AC7D6A91A57A84ED2385D2" captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="F47" captionText="Figure 47. Distributional records of Cheliceroides jinxini sp. nov., Dendroicius qiong sp. nov., Icius deergong sp. nov., I. yarlungzangbo sp. nov., Mintonia shiwandashan sp. nov., Okinawicius nepalicus (Andreeva, Hęciak &amp; Prószyński, 1984), Pancorius medog sp. nov., Piranthus maddisoni sp. nov., Stertinius lhoba sp. nov., Synagelides kongmingi sp. nov., S. yunchangi sp. nov., S. xuandei sp. nov., Yaginumaella daweishan sp. nov., Y. moinba sp. nov., and Y. pingbian sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201156">47</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EGMDK" type="type material">
<paragraph id="CAF5F747832F94FE36EE0E42EB73CE6B">
<heading id="DA6073C6C33C672EA89A9635945659D2" reason="title">Type material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E2BB539A4D2DBD7C6456A60F8880EF50">
<materialsCitation id="E3A1FCEFBA9520FA8F757692250C4528" collectingDate="2024-05-15" collectionCode="TRU" collectorName="C. Wang" country="China" county="Pingbian Miao Autonomous County" elevation="2040" latitude="22.9135" location="Daweishan National Nature Reserve" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="103.70033" specimenCode="JS 0806" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="B1B60469A942E3ADE89C6F737E2F7CB5" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="23F48F3AB532BF31BC58757947954E35" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="F876A23783FDD3EC1018890772C7624D" count="1" type="male"></specimenCount>
(
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERMDK" xlink_title="Tongren University">
<collectionCode id="5ACCC62408F348E1FAA7BD71141668E0" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">TRU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
-
<specimenCode id="A1B27BC670951325815254D15642C9C3" collectionCode="TRU" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVMDK" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0806
</specimenCode>
),
<collectingCountry id="C1B3E896E99AE814DE7366B0BA45B247" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
: •
<collectingRegion id="331B1A59AD79DD2060CC8ADED03D4A57" country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="E984A3683035FEA0A9B236385355DB20">Pingbian Miao Autonomous County</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="9A170AE6459BA67E009F72DA432CF577" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1B3995C8947A542CBC90C9AF9B155CE7:9A170AE6459BA67E009F72DA432CF577" country="China" county="Pingbian Miao Autonomous County" latitude="22.9135" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="103.70033" name="Daweishan National Nature Reserve" stateProvince="Yunnan">Daweishan National Nature Reserve</location>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E3MDK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[103.700333,22.913500]}">
<geoCoordinate id="124EFA549D444C33F8A02AF7E9250FA2" degrees="22" direction="north" minutes="54.81" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="22.9135">22 ° 54.81 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="3F913D7D9B80BAA4668F774380BE4847" degrees="103" direction="east" minutes="42.02" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="103.70033">103 ° 42.02 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
, ca
<quantity id="01CD6632D23A72E811B7DE741E4D0E0B" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.04" unit="m" value="2040.0">
<elevation id="4DCD6FBE6F2106DC578F46EA39750B2B" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.04" unit="m" value="2040.0">2040 m</elevation>
</quantity>
),
<date id="5092FE428DC0DB2386AC057A7F3A3C8C" value="2024-05-15">
<collectingDate id="FE8C0DB9D67B91ECA51FCAF0A717B8C5" value="2024-05-15">15. V. 2024</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="8B1525D7CF217BF2B94E8BBA262D78BA">C. Wang</collectorName>
et al. leg
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="11B1A23733CE3B025F94F676D877F7DB" collectingDate="2024-05-15" collectionCode="TRU" collectorName="C. Wang" country="China" county="Pingbian Miao Autonomous County" elevation="2040" latitude="22.9135" location="Daweishan National Nature Reserve" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="103.70033" specimenCode="JS 0807-0814" specimenCount="8" specimenCount-female="6" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B15A88E1B9CBA6643672953860FDFB62" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="66D0CA41ADC53EF0F647038DAAEB3D57" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="76C3D994AF4C920323D6A712B813039C" count="2" type="male">2 ♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="37CE3D6099AF2C2CCC1DBEF90CEB5A45" count="6" type="female">6 ♀</specimenCount>
(
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EENDK" xlink_title="Tongren University">
<collectionCode id="FF7DA3CFAFE399166443B32D40618595" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">TRU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
-
<specimenCode id="03ECC61E2DE66E172E240E92324EE973" collectionCode="TRU" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EINDK" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
08070814
</specimenCode>
), same data as for holotype
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EMNDK" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="FEE741CCB760378839912B9973B7E41B">
<heading id="51BFA787060A35CC61A8DCE670074A90" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C5F0C8008969CB008B2566BA98D09D44">
The specific name refers to
<typeStatus id="7595A3D06D884E5C41C994E8395BE26C">type</typeStatus>
locality; noun (name) in apposition.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ERNDK" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="3F0490A4BBA5D7A16932CA2F5D994666">
<heading id="B5083C0C286DADF2D2AFF89F0A62CCE8" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="778D17E0FD0A90E70762BD6D6057321D">
<taxonomicName id="802CC11EBF7823414A3BC3CAAC2B37E2" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Yaginumaella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="daweishan" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="F7E18DAF5F004E95DBC9870C4D1EAC09" italics="true">Yaginumaella daweishan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8FD241F88E9133B382C7DE91C496691A" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
resembles that of
<taxonomicName id="2FD99B9CE3639C1C466EA3B867D7D5D7" authority="(Yaginuma, 1972)" baseAuthorityName="Yaginuma" baseAuthorityYear="1972" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Pellenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ususudi">
<emphasis id="FA0FF353A6F840C73C916F37890DEB48" italics="true">Y. ususudi</emphasis>
(Yaginuma, 1972)
</taxonomicName>
in the general shape of copulatory organs, but can be distinguished by the following: 1) embolus (E) slightly curved, and with terminal broadened part (Fig.
<figureCitation id="D7137608ED850B6A46CC9F2FC99D92AA" captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="F41" captionText="Figure 41. Male palp of Yaginumaella daweishan sp. nov., holotype A prolateral B ventral C retrolateral. Abbreviations: E embolus; PL posterior tegular lobe; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure41" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201149">41 B</figureCitation>
) vs curved into a C-shape and without similar broadened part (
<bibRefCitation id="BFF1A87EE4B8F9362FA18A43DC28D4A6" author="Bohdanowicz and Proszynski" firstAuthor="Bohdanowicz" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici, Warszawa" pagination="43-151" refId="B3" refString="Bohdanowicz A, Prószyński J (1987) Systematic studies on East Palaearctic Salticidae (Araneae), IV. Salticidae of Japan. Annales Zoologici, Warszawa 41: 43151." title="Systematic studies on East Palaearctic Salticidae (Araneae), IV. Salticidae of Japan." volume="41" year="1987">Bohdanowicz and Prószyński 1987</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 307); 2) retrolateral tibial apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVODK" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="7BF0D1EDC834D6089EEBB00A183048F7">RTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) tapered into a pointed tip in retrolateral view (Fig.
<figureCitation id="9745EEA84C425163A9C453E6B74F4D4A" captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="F41" captionText="Figure 41. Male palp of Yaginumaella daweishan sp. nov., holotype A prolateral B ventral C retrolateral. Abbreviations: E embolus; PL posterior tegular lobe; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure41" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201149">41 C</figureCitation>
) vs almost equal in width from the base to the distal portion, and with a blunt tip (
<bibRefCitation id="4A1F0D8D85F367C25B5F053EB20A007E" author="Bohdanowicz and Proszynski" firstAuthor="Bohdanowicz" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici, Warszawa" pagination="43-151" refId="B3" refString="Bohdanowicz A, Prószyński J (1987) Systematic studies on East Palaearctic Salticidae (Araneae), IV. Salticidae of Japan. Annales Zoologici, Warszawa 41: 43151." title="Systematic studies on East Palaearctic Salticidae (Araneae), IV. Salticidae of Japan." volume="41" year="1987">Bohdanowicz and Prószyński 1987</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 308); 3) epigynal hood (H) slightly longer than wide (Fig.
<figureCitation id="1C77D27E0FCF3764D120821EABEDC13E" captionStart="Figure 42" captionStartId="F42" captionText="Figure 42. Yaginumaella daweishan sp. nov. C, D, F, G male holotype and A, B, E female paratype (TRU - JS 0809) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, E habitus, dorsal D ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: At atrium; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure42" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201150">42 A</figureCitation>
) vs&gt; 2.5 × wider than long (
<bibRefCitation id="B2CDF77F6B3F71EA42A0532C968C67D3" author="Bohdanowicz and Proszynski" firstAuthor="Bohdanowicz" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici, Warszawa" pagination="43-151" refId="B3" refString="Bohdanowicz A, Prószyński J (1987) Systematic studies on East Palaearctic Salticidae (Araneae), IV. Salticidae of Japan. Annales Zoologici, Warszawa 41: 43151." title="Systematic studies on East Palaearctic Salticidae (Araneae), IV. Salticidae of Japan." volume="41" year="1987">Bohdanowicz and Prószyński 1987</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 309).
</paragraph>
<caption id="144DA450700EBEC084BEF34BF88C6046" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure41" ID-arpha="3700EB2C-59C3-5819-8BB9-AFB6D4795EE9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201149" startId="F41">
<paragraph id="435B60665DBF3D7AEED2C82934241D7B">
<label id="D006F8A5FA85202FAFB25DFA35F7F805">Figure 41.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="74BCC6CD604FB1531FDD44F3B5C582C6">
Male palp of
<taxonomicName id="63CBF0B6E24CAB846EDC00EB3A1E1B16" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Yaginumaella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="daweishan" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="253533991FFA87E2B1D8CD5E229DB940" italics="true">Yaginumaella daweishan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="55F532A7CC46C993F41214E0041F7923" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype
<emphasis id="1FD26DBA8FA25AE21CFAE0F82770DB5F" bold="true">A</emphasis>
prolateral
<emphasis id="8FF8246D3E63251E9851E56B10B2BD77" bold="true">B</emphasis>
ventral
<emphasis id="35145D622214182266E8DA1942B53493" bold="true">C</emphasis>
retrolateral. Abbreviations: E embolus;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ECQDK" xlink_title="posterior tegular lobe">PL</abbrev>
posterior tegular lobe;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EGQDK" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">RTA</abbrev>
retrolateral tibial apophysis;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EKQDK" xlink_title="sperm duct">SD</abbrev>
sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="2587A031A6B434FB1542AE0EE0D7BE4A" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure42" ID-arpha="8F1E25A8-2EB5-5A59-8BF3-9D13014D8BE1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201150" startId="F42">
<paragraph id="695CE580B2F39FBF67490B7979A9BFF5">
<label id="92730386A3FA71E0A04AF974CF1771EE">Figure 42.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2A6E984C32BF724B8C28CE666891A925">
<taxonomicName id="43F069342EEABBA85007C598CC387BA1" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Yaginumaella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="daweishan" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="043ADD4FC848A47DBC659E50F5C34910" italics="true">Yaginumaella daweishan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="45DA77E17C07E327A6A083F8A1400E68" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="0B13B88C561D03D3E3BE54A9147E0AD3" bold="true">C, D, F, G</emphasis>
male holotype and
<emphasis id="4C3E0A2F6B3334064C94655F985D826E" bold="true">A, B, E</emphasis>
female paratype (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EKRDK" xlink_title="Tongren University">TRU</abbrev>
-
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EORDK" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0809)
<emphasis id="95999C1044F48AEBADC016730B9AF70D" bold="true">A</emphasis>
epigyne, ventral
<emphasis id="28A72EE30C3357A83B9CBFDA771893F5" bold="true">B</emphasis>
vulva, dorsal
<emphasis id="408E811670EFE366A23D48673C350282" bold="true">C</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="C71D9952F331B5FD95CC35C1A5BEA4D8" bold="true">E</emphasis>
habitus, dorsal
<emphasis id="3929274F18E9324B2C588CC9117BD9C7" bold="true">D</emphasis>
ditto, ventral
<emphasis id="91F858C3BDE2086AB01003B4038C43E9" bold="true">F</emphasis>
carapace, frontal
<emphasis id="3E4C80B95938FC34837F745BC7088A24" bold="true">G</emphasis>
chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EASDK" xlink_title="atrium">At</abbrev>
atrium;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EESDK" xlink_title="copulatory duct">CD</abbrev>
copulatory duct;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EISDK" xlink_title="copulatory opening">CO</abbrev>
copulatory opening;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMSDK" xlink_title="fertilization duct">FD</abbrev>
fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (
<emphasis id="C9DABADFFF26E4FAE105C043C8BF2E74" bold="true">A, B, G</emphasis>
); 0.5 mm (
<emphasis id="D0AF849A0BA9EA78ABBC1962D17033D0" bold="true">C F</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EZSDK" type="description">
<paragraph id="5E078DE982B267BE3A098768B930AF5F">
<heading id="689063C2E93CA7EB24FDC715A35EFEF9" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3C06AD829675ED3386EB30C0164AD710">
<emphasis id="7FC24BB514FC0A2C4CD394E435C4DDE5" bold="true">Male</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation id="F2FFAAF30C7F2BA85155B5C6782D942F" captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="F41" captionText="Figure 41. Male palp of Yaginumaella daweishan sp. nov., holotype A prolateral B ventral C retrolateral. Abbreviations: E embolus; PL posterior tegular lobe; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure41" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201149">41</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="7D67E70290A97F178421A48E38A11514" captionStart="Figure 42" captionStartId="F42" captionText="Figure 42. Yaginumaella daweishan sp. nov. C, D, F, G male holotype and A, B, E female paratype (TRU - JS 0809) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, E habitus, dorsal D ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: At atrium; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure42" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201150">42 C, D, F, G</figureCitation>
). Total length 4.46. Carapace 2.18 long, 1.75 wide. Abdomen 2.39 long, 1.36 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJTDK" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.51,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENTDK" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.30,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERTDK" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.28,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVTDK" xlink_title="anterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="8C07FC2F915DA5E2ED117BD981BC1555">AERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.59,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZTDK" xlink_title="posterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="37D7FD5AA7F99060465228FA95194B02">PERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.54,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4TDK" xlink_title="eye field length">EFL</abbrev>
0.98. Legs: I 4.76 (1.55, 0.83, 0.88, 0.90, 0.60), II 4.20 (1.25, 0.70, 1.00, 0.75, 0.50), III 4.82 (1.50, 0.63, 1.08, 1.08, 0.53), IV 5.02 (1.55, 0.63, 1.13, 1.18, 0.53). Carapace sub-square, with pair of bilateral pale setal bands and pair of longitudinal, dark brown stripes separated by central pale-yellow stripe on thoracic part. Legs pale except legs I darker, with three and two pairs of ventral spines on tibiae and metatarsi I. Dorsum of abdomen dark brown, with longitudinal, central pale band bearing sparse sliver spots, followed by several arc-shaped transverse pale stripes; venter pale, with central, longitudinal, irregular dark patch.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1905B35F1A9408219A0AE462CD7CBAF9">
<emphasis id="96DE3995C209D33DC4C14B08B7160183" bold="true" italics="true">Palp</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="1171D6DC80BFBF5DCD893BB2EE4E1A6E" captionStart="Figure 41" captionStartId="F41" captionText="Figure 41. Male palp of Yaginumaella daweishan sp. nov., holotype A prolateral B ventral C retrolateral. Abbreviations: E embolus; PL posterior tegular lobe; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure41" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201149">41 A C</figureCitation>
): femur length / width ratio ca 3.4; patella ~ 1.4 × longer than wide in retrolateral view; tibia as long as retrolateral tibial apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMUDK" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="8CD0FFBE76905E5008BD3399155ECA80">RTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
); retrolateral tibial apophysis tapering to pointed tip directed anteriorly; cymbium ~ 1.6 × longer than wide; tegulum ca 1.5 × longer than wide, with posteriorly extended posterior lobe (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQUDK" xlink_title="posterior tegular lobe">
<collectionCode id="82AAC70907BB058068DA5FF2259B9FE2" country="Czech Republic" name="Západoceské muzeum v Plzni" type="Museum">PL</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
); embolus (E) originating at ca 9 oclock position, slightly curved, and terminating at 12 oclock position, with broadened terminal part.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="59EF7E18285A0673583F83FBE9007D96">
<emphasis id="28D830325E9581D8A1E83113B333233D" bold="true">Female</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="D5EEE8AE5D63834E6BBC061F3D6D6CFA" captionStart="Figure 42" captionStartId="F42" captionText="Figure 42. Yaginumaella daweishan sp. nov. C, D, F, G male holotype and A, B, E female paratype (TRU - JS 0809) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, E habitus, dorsal D ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: At atrium; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure42" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201150">42 A, B, E</figureCitation>
). Total length 4.63. Carapace 1.77 long, 1.40 wide. Abdomen 2.80 long, 1.97 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3UDK" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.47,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EAVDK" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.23,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EEVDK" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.20,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EIVDK" xlink_title="anterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="8E17031F8495D3A884EE1C573EF05C78">AERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.30,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMVDK" xlink_title="posterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="38C990AFCE06331942C8843160D37933">PERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.25,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQVDK" xlink_title="eye field length">EFL</abbrev>
0.90. Legs: I 4.23 (1.30, 0.75, 1.00, 0.70, 0.48), II 3.94 (1.20, 0.68, 0.93, 0.65, 0.48), III 4.84 (1.50, 0.68, 1.05, 1.08, 0.53), IV 5.02 (1.55, 0.63, 1.13, 1.18, 0.53). Habitus (Fig.
<figureCitation id="19878C8FA836EAF83B8BC81C6E47C9C3" captionStart="Figure 42" captionStartId="F42" captionText="Figure 42. Yaginumaella daweishan sp. nov. C, D, F, G male holotype and A, B, E female paratype (TRU - JS 0809) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, E habitus, dorsal D ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: At atrium; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure42" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201150">42 E</figureCitation>
) similar to that of male except darker.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AC7A1572E8A241FCB3E4B57FA1CCA7EE">
<emphasis id="DCEFB399997C4D8BD968D65F88FBA539" bold="true" italics="true">Epigyne</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="F7965C8C7E400E3FD4D6062102964691" captionStart="Figure 42" captionStartId="F42" captionText="Figure 42. Yaginumaella daweishan sp. nov. C, D, F, G male holotype and A, B, E female paratype (TRU - JS 0809) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, E habitus, dorsal D ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: At atrium; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure42" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201150">42 A, B</figureCitation>
) approximately as long as wide, with pair of hoods (H) posteriorly to copulatory openings (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EDWDK" xlink_title="copulatory opening">CO</abbrev>
), and ~ 1.5 × longer than wide; atrium (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EHWDK" xlink_title="atrium">At</abbrev>
) oval, located anteriorly; copulatory ducts (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ELWDK" xlink_title="copulatory duct">
<collectionCode id="FFDBA55CB858EC9552F20373E599F351">CD</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) broad, forming complicated path; spermathecae (S) almost oval.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EPWDK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="3B35196AD02F9B7C53B1C1E67DE53699">
<heading id="5239A24C92748536E7B14178195FABF9" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="57DC5414AA0406087BD4CA4138F8F13D">
Known only from the
<typeStatus id="BAF26ADA326441BE882BF5D56C8CE0DE">type</typeStatus>
locality in
<collectingRegion id="5AC2A906B4B6233108B9F78BD2C32C19" country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="5628464676249B26213A7E2C89D6E342" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="F4A7FFE6D4FFADCACFEF131D1111FB6C" captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="F47" captionText="Figure 47. Distributional records of Cheliceroides jinxini sp. nov., Dendroicius qiong sp. nov., Icius deergong sp. nov., I. yarlungzangbo sp. nov., Mintonia shiwandashan sp. nov., Okinawicius nepalicus (Andreeva, Hęciak &amp; Prószyński, 1984), Pancorius medog sp. nov., Piranthus maddisoni sp. nov., Stertinius lhoba sp. nov., Synagelides kongmingi sp. nov., S. yunchangi sp. nov., S. xuandei sp. nov., Yaginumaella daweishan sp. nov., Y. moinba sp. nov., and Y. pingbian sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201156">47</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
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<mods:title id="C5D71F2DE27D41C6222BF981AD4C8975">Taxonomic notes of jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae) from Guangxi, Hainan, Sichuan, Xizang and Yunnan, China</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="3F0E2C08095D6B00300650EFDEFFE4E6">Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in the Fanjing Mountain Region, Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou 554300, China</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="848D0890073195C23E0C8830854934D7" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="29B91202D065E8AC96078E1AA3AA8478">
<heading id="8C9E2D5C569B9422E646C0592DFECD44" reason="label">Genus</heading>
<taxonomicName id="CA3D7CAC7CC99279473104AE09094261" ID-CoL="5WL2" authority="MacLeay, 1839" authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1839" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Myrmarachne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F8DC738A0FEF7BE7BE4B2908F34C86A6" italics="true">Myrmarachne</emphasis>
MacLeay, 1839
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="SECID0EF4BG" type="type species">
<paragraph id="9C9830446634BEED38A912D3E6C19BFE">
<heading id="025BCDD6E5CB3D95B4458998B0C97C3F" reason="title">
<typeStatus id="ACF35488B3ED1BC508C31D527947BC2D">Type</typeStatus>
species.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="56965058214AB8C94D24B08BB65F5C04">
<taxonomicName id="F7E257E17C2D82844A07A16C0C526B0A" authority="MacLeay, 1839" authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1839" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Myrmarachne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="melanocephala">
<emphasis id="AACE0B867766E63BD7F9B3226D93A418" italics="true">Myrmarachne melanocephala</emphasis>
MacLeay, 1839
</taxonomicName>
;
<typeStatus id="95DB6FA1057AEA78B47230DDA63726AB">type</typeStatus>
locality
<collectingCountry id="2C885D5DD1B42F8C5118580FABE9B6D1" name="India">India</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EW4BG" type="comments">
<paragraph id="F68C608AE654B82A3C504B00556E53F0">
<heading id="0A42F5B767E89BF20E3CD503A24533FF" reason="title">Comments.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7B413DABEF7C4B3CC2833DCF2429B714">
<taxonomicName id="9BD3FC0560973F9EF96E2867DC33DEFE" authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1839" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Myrmarachne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3F57713094D671394542874EC091339A" italics="true">Myrmarachne</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the species-richest genus of the subtribe
<taxonomicName id="69BBC82B178D1CAAE802DC277C1C4253" authority="Simon, 1901" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1901" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Myrmarachnina">Myrmarachnina Simon, 1901</taxonomicName>
within the tribe
<taxonomicName id="88B49CDA76EBD6E942F2BB3511411F36" authority="Simon, 1901" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1901" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Myrmarachnini">Myrmarachnini Simon, 1901</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="142BF3BBFED7CCA215364B7498F8E8F7" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.842.32970" author="Maddison and Szuts" firstAuthor="Maddison" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="85-112" refId="B19" refString="Maddison WP, Szűts T (2019) Myrmarachnine jumping spiders of the new subtribe Levieina from Papua New Guinea (Araneae, Salticidae, Myrmarachnini). ZooKeys 842: 85112. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.842.32970" title="Myrmarachnine jumping spiders of the new subtribe Levieina from Papua New Guinea (Araneae, Salticidae, Myrmarachnini)." volume="842" year="2019">Maddison and Szűts 2019</bibRefCitation>
), contains 192 nominal species widely distributed all over the globe (
<bibRefCitation id="0E5CE79E4DFAE313C0A16AD0BA12BE44" DOI="10.24436/2" refId="B35" refString="World Spider Catalog (2024) World Spider Catalog. Version 25.0. Natural History Museum Bern, http://wsc.nmbe.ch. [accessed on 3 Jul. 2024] https://doi.org/10.24436/2" url="http://wsc.nmbe.ch" year="2024">WSC 2024</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="8EBF079DE3E8977A0F9B8CC472EFDDF6" authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1839" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Myrmarachne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="393B2D946BF33566B47341044CBBB961" italics="true">Myrmarachne</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is one of the most poorly studied genera among the
<taxonomicName id="5E5BEFA24E2F7E59AD2572CDF36D7547" authorityName="Blackwall" authorityYear="1841" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Salticidae</taxonomicName>
since ~ 48.95 % of its species are known only from a single sex or sub-adult specimen,&gt; 50 species have not been illustrated or lack essential diagnostic drawings. Moreover, many of its species share similar copulatory organs and present several color patterns, making them difficult to identify. There is no doubt that a few of its species could be potential synonyms or the “ missing ” sex of another congener. In addition,
<bibRefCitation id="7C7CD59AED137355A661592B9BAEF4C4" DOI="10.37828/em.2016.7.1" author="Prószyński J" firstAuthor="Proszynski" journalOrPublisher="Ecologica Montenegrina" pagination="4-32" refId="B28" refString="Prószyński J (2016) Delimitation and description of 19 new genera, a subgenus and a species of Salticidae (Araneae) of the world. Ecologica Montenegrina 7: 432. https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2016.7.1" title="Delimitation and description of 19 new genera, a subgenus and a species of Salticidae (Araneae) of the world." volume="7" year="2016">Prószyński (2016)</bibRefCitation>
split and resurrected eleven genera from
<taxonomicName id="E4EB4DD14548C48CC5E0CDD2563BD432" authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1839" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Myrmarachne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="32D7192B822800BAA39C69F96517CAC5" italics="true">Myrmarachne</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
according to morphological characters. However, this conclusion has not been supported by the subsequent molecular evidence (
<bibRefCitation id="91CEFA1B37F82E4A27EFBD6D564D0DF3" DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4521.3.2" author="Yamasaki" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Yamasaki" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pagination="335-356" refId="B37" refString="Yamasaki T, Hashimoto Y, Endo T, Hyodo F, Itioka T, Meleng P (2018) New species of the ant-mimicking genus Myrmarachne MacLeay, 1839 (Araneae: Salticidae) from Sarawak, Borneo. Zootaxa 4521 (3): 335356. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4521.3.2" title="New species of the ant-mimicking genus Myrmarachne MacLeay, 1839 (Araneae: Salticidae) from Sarawak, Borneo." volume="4521" year="2018">Yamasaki et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="CE91CAD1D6E386013631221CB4A288D6" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.842.32970" author="Maddison and Szuts" firstAuthor="Maddison" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="85-112" refId="B19" refString="Maddison WP, Szűts T (2019) Myrmarachnine jumping spiders of the new subtribe Levieina from Papua New Guinea (Araneae, Salticidae, Myrmarachnini). ZooKeys 842: 85112. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.842.32970" title="Myrmarachnine jumping spiders of the new subtribe Levieina from Papua New Guinea (Araneae, Salticidae, Myrmarachnini)." volume="842" year="2019">Maddison and Szűts 2019</bibRefCitation>
). Thus, the phylogenetic relationship between
<taxonomicName id="9045DE31F7DA4049A8058F7D2C0B0E11" authorityName="MacLeay" authorityYear="1839" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Myrmarachne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F7DA23DE91D8C3CF4EF1B30EB64A951C" italics="true">Myrmarachne</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and the mentioned eleven genera remains uncertain.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,374 @@
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<mods:title id="7F4D046BE49FCA10BEF4F0F1ED595E2E">Taxonomic notes of jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae) from Guangxi, Hainan, Sichuan, Xizang and Yunnan, China</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="B98D59F73BED97813868A8F5FB439E23">Wang, Cheng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="B7D9109DF321E0B7E008B911BE30D44C">Mi, Xiaoqi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="976B432BB604E295AABAF22428A41B3D">Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in the Fanjing Mountain Region, Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou 554300, China</mods:affiliation>
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<paragraph id="466F899104C0FAD2235DEBB88A532B1C">
<taxonomicName id="452AE9D2F93AA92EC0A0F76F83C7BDB5" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Icius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deergong" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3771483F0084447EB296EA9C570A5979" italics="true">Icius deergong</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4E2A8EF4DEB7FE2D7CB818D21A22B998" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4B74A99DF36254814215EB7B94DAB10A" type="description">
<paragraph id="58DE9BC7FBDC0E7DB9BA59F45FD5606C">
<figureCitation id="19330C7F0488C15DBA60DE75771B4D31" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Male palp of Icius deergong sp. nov., paratype (TRU - JS 0733) A prolateral B ventral C retrolateral. Abbreviations: DTA dorsal tibial apophysis; E embolus; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; TB tegular bump. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201109">Figs 5</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2E4F9582DCA3AE570CA072F1A940D57B" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Icius deergong sp. nov., E, F, H, I male holotype and A D, G female paratype (TRU - JS 0734) A, B epigyne, ventral C, D vulva, dorsal E, G habitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral H carapace and leg I, frontal I chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: At atrium; CD copulatory duct; FD fertilization duct; S spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A D, I); 0.5 mm (E H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201111">6</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="9DCF2EE81D87A5D7ED16CA0C4BB7449B" captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="F47" captionText="Figure 47. Distributional records of Cheliceroides jinxini sp. nov., Dendroicius qiong sp. nov., Icius deergong sp. nov., I. yarlungzangbo sp. nov., Mintonia shiwandashan sp. nov., Okinawicius nepalicus (Andreeva, Hęciak &amp; Prószyński, 1984), Pancorius medog sp. nov., Piranthus maddisoni sp. nov., Stertinius lhoba sp. nov., Synagelides kongmingi sp. nov., S. yunchangi sp. nov., S. xuandei sp. nov., Yaginumaella daweishan sp. nov., Y. moinba sp. nov., and Y. pingbian sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201156">47</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EVEAG" type="type material">
<paragraph id="B60ED381B13C098146C79F21198B8E78">
<heading id="8651F122495E5D9661D4C314B4701F82" reason="title">Type material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2AB0B84826174591499644A8483EB03A">
<materialsCitation id="D89DF6F5F2955A44A3736A764744BE9E" collectingDate="2024-05-25" collectionCode="TRU" collectorName="X. Q. Mi" country="China" county="Medog County" elevation="1670" latitude="29.180666" location="Beibeng Township" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="95.1445" municipality="Autonomous Region" specimenCode="JS 0732" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Xizang" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="42DCCBFAFFAD8BC68B8D2D36450B02D0" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="F6D9CFC93F9950FCE062AD1A807FB501" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="F3199F35BD77C66877F39644D2DE57E5" count="1" type="male"></specimenCount>
(
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EAFAG" xlink_title="Tongren University">
<collectionCode id="3E78C138C09B6FE9289771CECF478851" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">TRU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
-
<specimenCode id="DD499D203AC696981C6C05D2FD1CEF47" collectionCode="TRU" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EEFAG" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0732
</specimenCode>
),
<collectingCountry id="52908C1D4D970986D3E15230CC5C30D1" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
: •
<collectingRegion id="B13D7AD9B7E5C3435AA6BE13D84293AE" country="China" name="Xizang">Xizang</collectingRegion>
<collectingMunicipality id="A9AE716685957946C4F1A8FCE2E13F3A">Autonomous Region</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="6BD94B504917BD369D0994BAFF3128D1">Medog County</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="B3E6D9EE94ADA98F3097B453B1FE8E1E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:371DCA83937F5C9F8BE4AE81C8971C80:B3E6D9EE94ADA98F3097B453B1FE8E1E" country="China" county="Medog County" latitude="29.180666" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="95.1445" municipality="Autonomous Region" name="Beibeng Township" stateProvince="Xizang">Beibeng Township</location>
,
<location id="0F3F2A5C965B132C6E7D6A3629EAA1B0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:371DCA83937F5C9F8BE4AE81C8971C80:0F3F2A5C965B132C6E7D6A3629EAA1B0" country="China" county="Medog County" latitude="29.180666" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="95.1445" municipality="Autonomous Region" name="Deergong Village" stateProvince="Xizang">Deergong Village</location>
,
<location id="6DA81D413920132E5CB5A9E343871D47" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:371DCA83937F5C9F8BE4AE81C8971C80:6DA81D413920132E5CB5A9E343871D47" country="China" county="Medog County" latitude="29.180666" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="95.1445" municipality="Autonomous Region" name="Yarlung Zangbo National Nature Reserve" stateProvince="Xizang">Yarlung Zangbo National Nature Reserve</location>
(
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<geoCoordinate id="3F71136EF08A9918E2212EBBFFB1B2F0" degrees="29" direction="north" minutes="10.84" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="29.180666">29 ° 10.84 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="CB106CEA3F3C8076124C30A27A5D4B66" degrees="95" direction="east" minutes="8.67" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="95.1445">95 ° 8.67 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
, ca
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),
<date id="569C8B0B73311092429E5B1EDDAE8BC9" value="2024-05-25">
<collectingDate id="1AE7332EEA84F06D00A3111FDFEF2B8A" value="2024-05-25">25. V. 2024</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="835F04103CDAC59C9B177E17F59E22B8">X. Q. Mi</collectorName>
et al. leg
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="2D0E0FF61A6E8422297BE48E60F74D33" collectingDate="2024-05-25" collectionCode="TRU" collectorName="X. Q. Mi" country="China" county="Medog County" elevation="1670" latitude="29.180666" location="Beibeng Township" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="95.1445" municipality="Autonomous Region" specimenCode="JS 0733-0736" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-female="3" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Xizang" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="3D80C92D2454F0618D45858C1B621619" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="A5A3C2ECCA950DF4B2268D8DE3EA6053" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="43EB99378F5DADAD24E28AE9A72CCCE1" count="1" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="BEC8A688CA442AC84FD1B5D39F10313E" count="3" type="female">3 ♀</specimenCount>
(
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ETFAG" xlink_title="Tongren University">
<collectionCode id="43BC61165BC4E6390F0529E35CFE8784" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">TRU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
-
<specimenCode id="736133D75CBF5155CB408BD97A4D0877" collectionCode="TRU" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EXFAG" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
07330736
</specimenCode>
), same data as for holotype
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E2FAG" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="75D931DB1CAF9993D332E35EEEE28588">
<heading id="997C9640C016BAC08A5DAD0E4AFAFEB0" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9E1EE3A59B754E37AD8DFB7932C1259C">
The specific name refers to the
<typeStatus id="EBB431B742A9F2C46284FBA49D57BE9C">type</typeStatus>
locality, Deergong Village; noun in apposition.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EAGAG" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="1DB730E14661F310646C4006F03C61EE">
<heading id="58A9076BA89854A749517D729ED6D828" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2A70F1C3182E11B0AC75EB8BDC3EF47F">
<taxonomicName id="7C965C7BEBAED8B9A9F324EFC6481378" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Icius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deergong" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E542C720ECEEB64FAF8F0E409F3956C5" italics="true">Icius deergong</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C7E16466953E2EAD0F94783749806FC8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
resembles
<taxonomicName id="D6623BAB8AFAAF15135396625A34E8DC" authority="Hu, 2001" authorityName="Hu" authorityYear="2001" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Icius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yadongensis">
<emphasis id="FAA01E0F4328DD67DCFD3F3CD240995A" italics="true">I. yadongensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="327C8119AC1A37CB70636764D8259CD6" author="Hu JL" refId="B7" refString="Hu JL (2001) Spiders in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China. Henan Science and Technology Publishing House, 658 pp." year="2001">
Hu,
<quantity id="90795089BD488847F75A5B323C849772" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08254" unit="in" value="2001.0">2001 in</quantity>
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
general shape of copulatory organs, especially the invert infundibuliform base of copulatory duct, but can be easily distinguished by the bifurcated retrolateral tibial apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3GAG" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="42C2394C308524A129FD92C716584A33">RTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
), the presence of epigynal septum (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EAHAG" xlink_title="septum">Se</abbrev>
) and proximally touching copulatory ducts (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EEHAG" xlink_title="copulatory duct">
<collectionCode id="83134AB1ADEAB093BC804DF419362D4D">CD</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) (Figs
<figureCitation id="63E295B65BE48CC34F5D6E3DECA85C6A" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Male palp of Icius deergong sp. nov., paratype (TRU - JS 0733) A prolateral B ventral C retrolateral. Abbreviations: DTA dorsal tibial apophysis; E embolus; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; TB tegular bump. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201109">5 B, C</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="7F0C3A279AE3EF188150D3A0329058BD" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Icius deergong sp. nov., E, F, H, I male holotype and A D, G female paratype (TRU - JS 0734) A, B epigyne, ventral C, D vulva, dorsal E, G habitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral H carapace and leg I, frontal I chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: At atrium; CD copulatory duct; FD fertilization duct; S spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A D, I); 0.5 mm (E H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201111">6 A D</figureCitation>
) vs non-bifurcated retrolateral tibial apophysis, lacking septum and copulatory ducts apart from each other proximally (
<bibRefCitation id="E03F345B807FB0ED0D1C0E118FF680BD" author="Hu" firstAuthor="Hu" refId="B7" refString="Hu JL (2001) Spiders in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China. Henan Science and Technology Publishing House, 658 pp." year="2001">Hu 2001</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 8247 - 2, 3, 57).
</paragraph>
<caption id="FDC0194572067A38391C3C7660BA91CE" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure5" ID-arpha="2B4BDC09-F76E-50CF-88AE-FC255B170EDB" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201109" startId="F5">
<paragraph id="F6607AA789478051775A643EA5472A50">
<label id="BA22C3BE464A4492CBFD4645E9EE4D95">Figure 5.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D0978F1CA594E3DC2102A1336FBAF86F">
Male palp of
<taxonomicName id="46F90B5B9606E7E972FCE2D0004699D1" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Icius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deergong" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0C3E1E33EE2B5DBF3A30B75026F7954D" italics="true">Icius deergong</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CFAD2FCD9A700CF8C853303BF6FD1847" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, paratype (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EHIAG" xlink_title="Tongren University">TRU</abbrev>
-
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ELIAG" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0733)
<emphasis id="9DA0E8083937B5D75555EEB36E079929" bold="true">A</emphasis>
prolateral
<emphasis id="6309CD0ABC7BB45414781A7BAB13A685" bold="true">B</emphasis>
ventral
<emphasis id="8646BD24F37155D84CF5E7982421EEC2" bold="true">C</emphasis>
retrolateral. Abbreviations:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVIAG" xlink_title="dorsal tibial apophysis">DTA</abbrev>
dorsal tibial apophysis; E embolus;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZIAG" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">RTA</abbrev>
retrolateral tibial apophysis;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4IAG" xlink_title="tegular bump">TB</abbrev>
tegular bump. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="205535A1B3974DF14310E666329367DC" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure6" ID-arpha="B28D32CA-5A6B-5639-884B-879695F125A5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201111" startId="F6">
<paragraph id="71678E65CCF8B985D304193C99E9AED1">
<label id="936ADD676EAAB17107B02203EBFD43A6">Figure 6.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E0A09A8C92038A1E93FE73262BBE9560">
<taxonomicName id="6943EA5A57EEFBD80FA5F02784D4D335" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Icius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deergong" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="EA7FCADB5E642FC611E9DC80D0A3E6D9" italics="true">Icius deergong</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="30AF9EF9EEE0E726F71302992F3703DC" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<emphasis id="69E7B9E6D36CCBF2E1D1BF4824FE8BA4" bold="true">E, F, H, I</emphasis>
male holotype and
<emphasis id="AFB8E2A4349E7F600B4ADC1FD85838C6" bold="true">A D, G</emphasis>
female paratype (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4JAG" xlink_title="Tongren University">TRU</abbrev>
-
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBKAG" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0734)
<emphasis id="2BBDA4D6AA1A71A03A8A809296C25C3D" bold="true">A, B</emphasis>
epigyne, ventral
<emphasis id="7CD2124EB3F0092A8EF76D5E68313A76" bold="true">C, D</emphasis>
vulva, dorsal
<emphasis id="FB9036A663DD49BE5CC3AF9385E479B9" bold="true">E, G</emphasis>
habitus, dorsal
<emphasis id="0F545C8F5B360A2CCEBFCBF43D6B9DB7" bold="true">F</emphasis>
ditto, ventral
<emphasis id="555C897DE2576D394EEEF15197D41B5C" bold="true">H</emphasis>
carapace and leg I, frontal
<emphasis id="19CA84F470820B6FBBBEB79C97894D51" bold="true">I</emphasis>
chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERKAG" xlink_title="atrium">At</abbrev>
atrium;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVKAG" xlink_title="copulatory duct">CD</abbrev>
copulatory duct;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZKAG" xlink_title="fertilization duct">FD</abbrev>
fertilization duct; S spermatheca;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4KAG" xlink_title="septum">Se</abbrev>
septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (
<emphasis id="AF6D66E5AA8DE542586FB09E8FDB039F" bold="true">A D, I</emphasis>
); 0.5 mm (
<emphasis id="8E2F5304035ADB2EBB2CE21DFA35EA6E" bold="true">E H</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EKLAG" type="description">
<paragraph id="F390DD3F9437C9C78CF0D83D12DACD83">
<heading id="8E1270FB45C6491AC47DF03DF9BF01EE" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B48D929E1EBC00FBD9A7D0DBD7868742">
<emphasis id="8EAFB81F20EB51FCB2014CAA8FC5D145" bold="true">Male</emphasis>
(Figs
<geoCoordinate id="AEF618DD98C51AE3E83A0339BCFD2ED5" degrees="5, 6" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5555" value="5.6">
<figureCitation id="605E4BD63D90FA0AF135C02F1655F6ED" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Male palp of Icius deergong sp. nov., paratype (TRU - JS 0733) A prolateral B ventral C retrolateral. Abbreviations: DTA dorsal tibial apophysis; E embolus; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; TB tegular bump. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201109">5</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="FB78E7296642EF855BAC2194546AC562" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Icius deergong sp. nov., E, F, H, I male holotype and A D, G female paratype (TRU - JS 0734) A, B epigyne, ventral C, D vulva, dorsal E, G habitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral H carapace and leg I, frontal I chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: At atrium; CD copulatory duct; FD fertilization duct; S spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A D, I); 0.5 mm (E H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201111">6 E, F, H, I</figureCitation>
</geoCoordinate>
). Total length 2.56. Carapace 1.16 long, 0.71 wide. Abdomen 1.43 long, 0.60 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E1LAG" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.23,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E5LAG" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.11,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ECMAG" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.11,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EGMAG" xlink_title="anterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="688714C9EB0833B2B22B093466E0746B">AERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
0.63,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EKMAG" xlink_title="posterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="FBF323D6921E2D708AE93867CB0FE916">PERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
0.69,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EOMAG" xlink_title="eye field length">EFL</abbrev>
0.51. Legs: I 1.77 (0.53, 0.33, 0.40, 0.28, 0.23), II 1.42 (0.43, 0.25, 0.28, 0.23, 0.23), III 1.47 (0.43, 0.23, 0.30, 0.28, 0.23), IV 1.99 (0.60, 0.30, 0.48, 0.38, 0.23). Carapace elongated, grey-brown except eye field dark, with marginal white scale-like setal stripe; fovea indistinct. Chelicerae with two promarginal teeth and one retromarginal tooth. Legs pale with dark stripes except femora, patellae, and tibiae I dark brown; legs I with thickened femora, patellae, and tibiae, covered with cluster of dark ventral setae on patellae and tibiae. Dorsum of abdomen mainly dark brown, covered with dense dark setae, with several transverse, pale yellow lateral stripes; venter pale.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D420EA36F5A983D31DE4102224BF1AB5">
<emphasis id="D32418A01B6FD3966C94F7A690947806" bold="true" italics="true">Palp</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="93EC1FFB328865A71581856162C36A04" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Male palp of Icius deergong sp. nov., paratype (TRU - JS 0733) A prolateral B ventral C retrolateral. Abbreviations: DTA dorsal tibial apophysis; E embolus; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; TB tegular bump. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201109">5 A C</figureCitation>
): femur length / width ratio ca 2.0; patella slightly wider than long in retrolateral view; tibia ~ 2 / 3 of patellar length in retrolateral view; retrolateral tibial apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4MAG" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="5E9703D2421D9D99A5EB2303352C47B3">RTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) strongly sclerotized, bifurcated basally with two slender, hook-shaped rami pointed apically; dorsal tibial apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBNAG" xlink_title="dorsal tibial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="F05D59332E1A6681E2B2C077E7281ACE">DTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) tiny, with pointed tip; cymbium ~ 1.35 × longer than wide; tegulum ~ 1.43 × longer than wide, with small, antero-retrolateral bump (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EFNAG" xlink_title="tegular bump">TB</abbrev>
); embolus (E) originating at ca 9: 30 oclock position, curved ventrally at base, and with rather blunt tip.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9B52FF7FBB941139FDD28A154B461A7D">
<emphasis id="C4A229E80FC46938EB4EC21F2E64BEF5" bold="true">Female</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="7FF5B45FE684F9D402B3C558DC1D3B2D" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Icius deergong sp. nov., E, F, H, I male holotype and A D, G female paratype (TRU - JS 0734) A, B epigyne, ventral C, D vulva, dorsal E, G habitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral H carapace and leg I, frontal I chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: At atrium; CD copulatory duct; FD fertilization duct; S spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A D, I); 0.5 mm (E H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201111">6 A D, G</figureCitation>
). Total length 2.88. Carapace 1.20 long, 0.73 wide. Abdomen 1.78 long, 0.90 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERNAG" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.24,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVNAG" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.11,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZNAG" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.11,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4NAG" xlink_title="anterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="1801C1F483911B28224B8BC8D5DA05F8">AERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
0.63,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBOAG" xlink_title="posterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="33439AE46024D78264DA16125F0E1E0D">PERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
0.73,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EFOAG" xlink_title="eye field length">EFL</abbrev>
0.55. Legs: I 1.64 (0.50, 0.28, 0.38, 0.25, 0.23), II 1.38 (0.40, 0.25, 0.30, 0.23, 0.20), III 1.49 (0.45, 0.23, 0.30, 0.28, 0.23), IV 2.11 (0.65, 0.35, 0.45, 0.43, 023). Habitus (Fig.
<figureCitation id="5A344F84BA215FF32D465D80AC8C1184" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Icius deergong sp. nov., E, F, H, I male holotype and A D, G female paratype (TRU - JS 0734) A, B epigyne, ventral C, D vulva, dorsal E, G habitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral H carapace and leg I, frontal I chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: At atrium; CD copulatory duct; FD fertilization duct; S spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A D, I); 0.5 mm (E H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201111">6 G</figureCitation>
) similar to that of male except darker, and without cluster of dark ventral setae on patellae and tibiae I.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3E4860031CF7C48D02CCE26F484A7D24">
<emphasis id="73DFE2F8832D988C33EA845F31270D06" bold="true" italics="true">Epigyne</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="D073B80A229023A71E7CAA951D278F6A" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Icius deergong sp. nov., E, F, H, I male holotype and A D, G female paratype (TRU - JS 0734) A, B epigyne, ventral C, D vulva, dorsal E, G habitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral H carapace and leg I, frontal I chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: At atrium; CD copulatory duct; FD fertilization duct; S spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A D, I); 0.5 mm (E H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201111">6 A D</figureCitation>
) longer than wide; atrium (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYOAG" xlink_title="atrium">At</abbrev>
) large, occupying most region of posterior 2 / 5, separated by narrow septum (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3OAG" xlink_title="septum">Se</abbrev>
); copulatory openings (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EAPAG" xlink_title="copulatory opening">CO</abbrev>
) almost round, touching each other; copulatory ducts (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EEPAG" xlink_title="copulatory duct">
<collectionCode id="B439AAE2B95FBDD79B0D54834FEBAE90">CD</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) tapered into invert infundibuliform on proximal half, then acutely narrowed and forming ca 90 ° curves; spermathecae (S) almost spherical, with posteriorly extending portions.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EIPAG" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="9BDB04920196D00CDB036D6FD2A6B776">
<heading id="5C38898A20205FD61A3C06C42DEE6F74" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6E2B70499A40814FD4A7C13BC3457994">
Known only from the
<typeStatus id="E24C1940A762A1B2EDDBE2A69128BF20">type</typeStatus>
locality in
<collectingRegion id="BF4AF097C90491006E4D59C1CEA7F24C" country="China" name="Xizang">Xizang</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="F6D077B354B93BB9E341982E742D802E" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="A812ADA33CDC794C02E1C38D6D23EC72" captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="F47" captionText="Figure 47. Distributional records of Cheliceroides jinxini sp. nov., Dendroicius qiong sp. nov., Icius deergong sp. nov., I. yarlungzangbo sp. nov., Mintonia shiwandashan sp. nov., Okinawicius nepalicus (Andreeva, Hęciak &amp; Prószyński, 1984), Pancorius medog sp. nov., Piranthus maddisoni sp. nov., Stertinius lhoba sp. nov., Synagelides kongmingi sp. nov., S. yunchangi sp. nov., S. xuandei sp. nov., Yaginumaella daweishan sp. nov., Y. moinba sp. nov., and Y. pingbian sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201156">47</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,369 @@
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<mods:title id="DBF74EB2DC23EB996A25BBF50505CBC6">Taxonomic notes of jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae) from Guangxi, Hainan, Sichuan, Xizang and Yunnan, China</mods:title>
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<mods:detail id="5F4C83FCED63ADF8CA4D0AFD1794D752" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="9512D76D3A066CD8BD1018BA4608108A">2024-12-17</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="6F17A06013E314F35897DA88F9518003" type="volume">
<mods:number id="47E3DDC9E473792BC804128D83EB78AB">1221</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="4DC3086FB39D1D6F957336E72107E7BC">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="D71EABE6296558AD2DB1970CE493CD5C" type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="7F430A7AD96DA6A49EDC4912D63A02B2" type="ZooBank">B61D8EFC-2753-4B88-8A36-DAB1F37D96BB</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="3EB0288CD84058A8929723F56C104D60" ID-arpha="3EB0288C-D840-58A8-9297-23F56C104D60" ID-zoobank="https://zoobank.org/339A1A0E-A710-4B62-81AE-77367D097F6D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3EB0288CD84058A8929723F56C104D60" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:339A1A0E-A710-4B62-81AE-77367D097F6D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3EB0288CD84058A8929723F56C104D60">
<subSubSection id="BEB7D36D1F7913F6E76BBE772B57B598" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="4EE638B00E833E8781D64617F0AD101C">
<taxonomicName id="ABC1EA1358334C07405ABA9CBD31DD1F" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Stertinius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lhoba" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="11C21DA907AD8C652BBE5F6A4D3280EB" italics="true">Stertinius lhoba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DBAB3C9158AF06945D5F6FB5DA77BECB" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="930F6B7CEA315631D4174128ED904EF1" type="description">
<paragraph id="35E80AEA8FB5D3CA53BE72852C6EF023">
<figureCitation id="2E15C047B542F834ED34FEF0EDB27C9F" captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F29" captionText="Figure 29. Stertinius lhoba sp. nov., holotype A bulb, ventral B palp, retrolateral. Abbreviations: CF cymbial flange; CP cymbial process; E embolus; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201136">Figs 29</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="3AD2A6CB24ED48B163902CF57B866B13" captionStart="Figure 30" captionStartId="F30" captionText="Figure 30. Stertinius lhoba sp. nov. D, E, G, H male holotype and A C, F female paratype (TRU - JS 0775) A, B epigyne, ventral C vulva, dorsal D, F habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral G carapace, frontal H chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AS anterior chamber of spermatheca; F epigynal fold; FD fertilization duct; PS posterior chamber of spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A C, H); 0.5 mm (D G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure30" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201137">30</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="B83CEB8CB5CB8EEF45F45C4DB03FC155" captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="F47" captionText="Figure 47. Distributional records of Cheliceroides jinxini sp. nov., Dendroicius qiong sp. nov., Icius deergong sp. nov., I. yarlungzangbo sp. nov., Mintonia shiwandashan sp. nov., Okinawicius nepalicus (Andreeva, Hęciak &amp; Prószyński, 1984), Pancorius medog sp. nov., Piranthus maddisoni sp. nov., Stertinius lhoba sp. nov., Synagelides kongmingi sp. nov., S. yunchangi sp. nov., S. xuandei sp. nov., Yaginumaella daweishan sp. nov., Y. moinba sp. nov., and Y. pingbian sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201156">47</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EJSAK" type="type material">
<paragraph id="DFB4FCE48ABDC4EDD3264E33CDB46B4C">
<heading id="F07193E85DD26C24DBF6B406D9BDC85B" reason="title">Type material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8ED2A2D808926A27DE89C9F157DD1C84">
<materialsCitation id="55CB449F1B7DDA7F9D76C954E8DC84BE" collectingDate="2024-05-25" collectionCode="TRU" collectorName="X. Q. Mi" country="China" county="Medog County" elevation="1670" latitude="29.180666" location="Beibeng Township" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="95.1445" municipality="Autonomous Region" specimenCode="JS 0774" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Xizang" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="9652CBF698F3EAC7FD13CA6D9452ED5E" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="7E97E8980363367FCBC8A31BF514F712" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="481FA4DC5431D9EE7146F0E29DFE5DD2" count="1" type="male"></specimenCount>
(
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EUSAK" xlink_title="Tongren University">
<collectionCode id="4E8D5B1ED239F833791B5613BCB63239" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">TRU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
-
<specimenCode id="BB9215C4B2A7E8D3A50114E86FB9DC7F" collectionCode="TRU" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYSAK" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0774
</specimenCode>
),
<collectingCountry id="1DE3206DBEFD2A0A613902C9317EAE5A" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
: •
<collectingRegion id="EA247A791FBDCC684A664343407F5D12" country="China" name="Xizang">Xizang</collectingRegion>
<collectingMunicipality id="7565800BAEB8CE643099C9C96CFCFCE7">Autonomous Region</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="474486A8C9509C532272A533BFD786A8">Medog County</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="E53818D875441BD019D1B95F94026924" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3EB0288CD84058A8929723F56C104D60:E53818D875441BD019D1B95F94026924" country="China" county="Medog County" latitude="29.180666" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="95.1445" municipality="Autonomous Region" name="Beibeng Township" stateProvince="Xizang">Beibeng Township</location>
,
<location id="E9B8CFAB87D572D162521745D4C5F7C0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3EB0288CD84058A8929723F56C104D60:E9B8CFAB87D572D162521745D4C5F7C0" country="China" county="Medog County" latitude="29.180666" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="95.1445" municipality="Autonomous Region" name="Deergong Village" stateProvince="Xizang">Deergong Village</location>
,
<location id="1E63031919751198FC13ADAD65481164" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3EB0288CD84058A8929723F56C104D60:1E63031919751198FC13ADAD65481164" country="China" county="Medog County" latitude="29.180666" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="95.1445" municipality="Autonomous Region" name="Yarlung Zangbo National Nature Reserve" stateProvince="Xizang">Yarlung Zangbo National Nature Reserve</location>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E6SAK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[95.144500,29.180667]}">
<geoCoordinate id="1144E45B3B8F08D13BF07CBE9D052801" degrees="29" direction="north" minutes="10.84" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="29.180666">29 ° 10.84 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="3813F8993274ED240C158660F5500944" degrees="95" direction="east" minutes="8.67" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="95.1445">95 ° 8.67 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
, ca
<quantity id="8119649EC8F86B59AB3F9DEDB7B77E60" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.67" unit="m" value="1670.0">
<elevation id="0A5709DC4D6E23A558B7A15C4E83BC20" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.67" unit="m" value="1670.0">1670 m</elevation>
</quantity>
),
<date id="FC0DAE19E7D2945D442D82BB813633FA" value="2024-05-25">
<collectingDate id="F95CB19A43D33596361BFE75AD3972E7" value="2024-05-25">25. V. 2024</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="D04655ED35F0628CEDC808BF0EA32D4F">X. Q. Mi</collectorName>
et al. leg
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="551A4866AFA733AFFFBC01CA8A3825AE" collectingDate="2024-05-25" collectionCode="TRU" collectorName="X. Q. Mi" country="China" county="Medog County" elevation="1670" latitude="29.180666" location="Beibeng Township" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="95.1445" municipality="Autonomous Region" specimenCode="JS 0775-0776" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Xizang" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="355CC2D633129917BCA2B99E1C5F12E0" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="DF6C25217D013E5C677C7BEA8FEC0182" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="860964365D1C2292F80DD58674FE06EA" count="2" type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
(
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EHTAK" xlink_title="Tongren University">
<collectionCode id="D288EB662CF81556745E8B9F3C3D1264" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">TRU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
-
<specimenCode id="82051F233EAFB13CA6752B9DD069238C" collectionCode="TRU" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ELTAK" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
07750776
</specimenCode>
), same data as for holotype
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EPTAK" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="930D9F29368DB6FE9C6FD139C8174F35">
<heading id="E1114055517749B5236D7C53D8202CAA" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="228085ECC7928769266B1541A1788D29">The specific name is after the Lhoba ethnic group, one of the two significant national minorities in Medog; noun in apposition.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EUTAK" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="E54DB9B93B7798C94AD1240452B01C00">
<heading id="6EAC371BF43D2D72D6779A426710FF09" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="741FA44CDEF5CDEDCA0BA69D2D0EF066">
<taxonomicName id="AD3F772BBBD7880FD327A310A2BE192A" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Stertinius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lhoba" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="565BCCA125B680A2C6E3803970549712" italics="true">Stertinius lhoba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CD5FF3F80B7679AD252B4F51180450DD" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
resembles that of
<taxonomicName id="B18BB433E6DB2D8747CE9565FDDEB4CD" authority="Wang, Mi &amp; Li, 2024" authorityName="Wang, Mi &amp; Li" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Stertinius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="liqingae">
<emphasis id="D1AC6E872D6CF51F867C0B05458185DF" italics="true">S. liqingae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B8DA68392CAA65735770F2F1E8D4D4F1" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1192.114589" author="Wang C &amp; Mi XQ &amp; Li S" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="141-178" refId="B32" refString="Wang C, Mi XQ, Li S (2024) Eleven species of jumping spiders from Sichuan, Xizang, and Yunnan, China (Araneae, Salticidae). ZooKeys 1192: 141 - 178. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 1192.114589" title="Eleven species of jumping spiders from Sichuan, Xizang, and Yunnan, China (Araneae, Salticidae)." volume="1192" year="2024">
Wang, Mi &amp; Li,
<quantity id="0FFC80D2A68E6E92897EF41DD54F42EA" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.14096" unit="in" value="2024.0">2024 in</quantity>
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
general shape of copulatory organs, especially the epigyne structure, but differs in: 1) retrolateral tibial apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQUAK" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="73ABB8D7FC9523C82D47B3BD040BE004">RTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) almost equal in width in retrolateral view (Fig.
<figureCitation id="E774E49114AB0FE1F01878918A3679F8" captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F29" captionText="Figure 29. Stertinius lhoba sp. nov., holotype A bulb, ventral B palp, retrolateral. Abbreviations: CF cymbial flange; CP cymbial process; E embolus; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201136">29 B</figureCitation>
) vs almost tapered (
<bibRefCitation id="EDE5EE64EC41BE2D41639BFDC587B8F3" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1192.114589" author="Wang" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Wang" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="141-178" refId="B32" refString="Wang C, Mi XQ, Li S (2024) Eleven species of jumping spiders from Sichuan, Xizang, and Yunnan, China (Araneae, Salticidae). ZooKeys 1192: 141178. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1192.114589" title="Eleven species of jumping spiders from Sichuan, Xizang, and Yunnan, China (Araneae, Salticidae)." volume="1192" year="2024">Wang et al. 2024</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 15 C); 2) epigyne has a fold (F) (Fig.
<figureCitation id="5933029FF583F15BDF7CF1D6090224B5" captionStart="Figure 30" captionStartId="F30" captionText="Figure 30. Stertinius lhoba sp. nov. D, E, G, H male holotype and A C, F female paratype (TRU - JS 0775) A, B epigyne, ventral C vulva, dorsal D, F habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral G carapace, frontal H chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AS anterior chamber of spermatheca; F epigynal fold; FD fertilization duct; PS posterior chamber of spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A C, H); 0.5 mm (D G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure30" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201137">30 A, B</figureCitation>
) vs a hood (
<bibRefCitation id="B736F388C08401AE885E42CDB35C11A1" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1192.114589" author="Wang" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Wang" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="141-178" refId="B32" refString="Wang C, Mi XQ, Li S (2024) Eleven species of jumping spiders from Sichuan, Xizang, and Yunnan, China (Araneae, Salticidae). ZooKeys 1192: 141178. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1192.114589" title="Eleven species of jumping spiders from Sichuan, Xizang, and Yunnan, China (Araneae, Salticidae)." volume="1192" year="2024">Wang et al. 2024</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 16 A, B); 3) anterior chamber of spermatheca (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EEVAK" xlink_title="anterior chamber of spermatheca">
<collectingCountry id="FC4E812344F267FC4FFD1160E79CF46B" name="American Samoa">AS</collectingCountry>
</abbrev>
) almost posteriorly extending (Fig.
<figureCitation id="E5745365B74B03EFE8C6235D42FCFBF1" captionStart="Figure 30" captionStartId="F30" captionText="Figure 30. Stertinius lhoba sp. nov. D, E, G, H male holotype and A C, F female paratype (TRU - JS 0775) A, B epigyne, ventral C vulva, dorsal D, F habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral G carapace, frontal H chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AS anterior chamber of spermatheca; F epigynal fold; FD fertilization duct; PS posterior chamber of spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A C, H); 0.5 mm (D G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure30" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201137">30 B, C</figureCitation>
) vs transversely extending (
<bibRefCitation id="2697DBB9D8E08360486065E3D2E0AE7B" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1192.114589" author="Wang" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Wang" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="141-178" refId="B32" refString="Wang C, Mi XQ, Li S (2024) Eleven species of jumping spiders from Sichuan, Xizang, and Yunnan, China (Araneae, Salticidae). ZooKeys 1192: 141178. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1192.114589" title="Eleven species of jumping spiders from Sichuan, Xizang, and Yunnan, China (Araneae, Salticidae)." volume="1192" year="2024">Wang et al. 2024</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 16 B, C).
</paragraph>
<caption id="6C9B7D4C94EF57B299215C5BA966E72A" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure29" ID-arpha="DA2D15A1-5BCA-553B-AD9D-382DBFA5EB49" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201136" startId="F29">
<paragraph id="EC1477A2D04FE7479E8694C79495F02D">
<label id="A3A3EA54301A8AF3FB38893236C20180">Figure 29.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2D11C200B5B2172DD38EB1A26BD4C678">
<taxonomicName id="978E4BA533D1CEB86BE52BBF73BDC109" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Stertinius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lhoba" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="850AAB00AADF3904F45F2420D23E2E1D" italics="true">Stertinius lhoba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C25C540D03F805E457FDC5940DFE3838" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype
<emphasis id="D5CA243DD5FBF6826E1483058F68A537" bold="true">A</emphasis>
bulb, ventral
<emphasis id="6A5B8713A503CDAB54FB9D83A370BC87" bold="true">B</emphasis>
palp, retrolateral. Abbreviations:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EHWAK" xlink_title="cymbial flange">CF</abbrev>
cymbial flange;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ELWAK" xlink_title="cymbial process">CP</abbrev>
cymbial process; E embolus;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EPWAK" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">RTA</abbrev>
retrolateral tibial apophysis;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ETWAK" xlink_title="sperm duct">SD</abbrev>
sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="A6BB2EFA75FD78365818CE88661B4675" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure30" ID-arpha="125DCA91-66E0-5DDC-8C0E-D280354A251E" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201137" startId="F30">
<paragraph id="30CF24FBE7C4AE5BA21C980AD00DCE87">
<label id="67076DD24F71F8F7BB5B853EF834E8DF">Figure 30.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F7066B140E152CA59960B59CF10C14FB">
<taxonomicName id="FC59A3F455A09B23AD78741BF07F8FFB" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Stertinius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lhoba" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="79D3C6498287BDC5FC4C9D68716B47FD" italics="true">Stertinius lhoba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AE94D1B86B5DDA3C907566FF72CCA9D7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="A8E0D9162F9598F7DA1E86854CBBCF03" bold="true">D, E, G, H</emphasis>
male holotype and
<emphasis id="CD59F5EBD74C4C0A2F465B96DC242127" bold="true">A C, F</emphasis>
female paratype (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ETXAK" xlink_title="Tongren University">TRU</abbrev>
-
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EXXAK" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0775)
<emphasis id="9CB7103F2CA64F191EF089244ECF67F0" bold="true">A, B</emphasis>
epigyne, ventral
<emphasis id="1C80C7D0EB4B096E9977651BC5F47072" bold="true">C</emphasis>
vulva, dorsal
<emphasis id="8E69351096C9565C92A7E15103E8664A" bold="true">D, F</emphasis>
habitus, dorsal
<emphasis id="A68061EE0D75784A3E6CCCE0006BD280" bold="true">E</emphasis>
ditto, ventral
<emphasis id="D65FC103B1FA089781916CC05F870F76" bold="true">G</emphasis>
carapace, frontal
<emphasis id="83BC30AB090A24CF06301774B487FA37" bold="true">H</emphasis>
chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EHYAK" xlink_title="anterior chamber of spermatheca">AS</abbrev>
anterior chamber of spermatheca; F epigynal fold;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ELYAK" xlink_title="fertilization duct">FD</abbrev>
fertilization duct;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EPYAK" xlink_title="posterior chamber of spermatheca">PS</abbrev>
posterior chamber of spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (
<emphasis id="02488F6B23C9590EF65BEFD9268905A7" bold="true">A C, H</emphasis>
); 0.5 mm (
<emphasis id="6B3E00369B1CE0373916AFD10EE9BA5E" bold="true">D G</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E3YAK" type="description">
<paragraph id="3C0BB16BC008F781E42A136315715873">
<heading id="DAD5C39F3CDE5B8362EB72782613244D" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9B4959BE34C370F60FB0EBEADE8D1C84">
<emphasis id="9E2AD30E2D802DB41247D5979AA939F9" bold="true">Male</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation id="900C67AF0AF97E63FC26438351386CA1" captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F29" captionText="Figure 29. Stertinius lhoba sp. nov., holotype A bulb, ventral B palp, retrolateral. Abbreviations: CF cymbial flange; CP cymbial process; E embolus; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201136">29</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="CA2CD7A96E6DE3BBED3302ABE94616C5" captionStart="Figure 30" captionStartId="F30" captionText="Figure 30. Stertinius lhoba sp. nov. D, E, G, H male holotype and A C, F female paratype (TRU - JS 0775) A, B epigyne, ventral C vulva, dorsal D, F habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral G carapace, frontal H chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AS anterior chamber of spermatheca; F epigynal fold; FD fertilization duct; PS posterior chamber of spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A C, H); 0.5 mm (D G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure30" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201137">30 D, E, G, H</figureCitation>
). Total length 2.78. Carapace 1.28 long, 1.13 wide. Abdomen 1.60 long, 1.13 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMZAK" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.30,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQZAK" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.16,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EUZAK" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.15,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYZAK" xlink_title="anterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="C6067D19ABE2358B386789F75DFDF10A">AERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
0.95,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3ZAK" xlink_title="posterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="BD4CD3CCD08813EAECAF62A9F6CBEF86">PERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.08,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EA1AK" xlink_title="eye field length">EFL</abbrev>
0.60. Legs: I 2.87 (0.90, 0.63, 0.68, 0.38, 0.28), II 2.04 (0.63, 0.38, 0.45, 0.30, 0.28), III 1.91 (0.60, 0.30, 0.40, 0.33, 0.28), IV 2.29 (0.75, 0.38, 0.50, 0.38, 0.28). Carapace mainly red-brown, covered with golden and pale setae, with central, irregular dark patch on cephalon. Chelicerae red-brown, with two promarginal teeth and one much larger pillar-shaped retromarginal tooth. Leg I robust, with enlarged femora and tibiae, and two pairs of ventral spines on tibiae and metatarsi. Dorsum of abdomen pale yellow, mingled with dark brown, covered wholly by scutum, with longitudinal, irregular central dark patch; venter dark with median dotted lines.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D651E910A16FFF6FDB0AF531376176E0">
<emphasis id="45D5C8802A20F0A3584509F6A14A5319" bold="true" italics="true">Palp</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="491241A6CEA09FA5F15DC0ED97029BB0" captionStart="Figure 29" captionStartId="F29" captionText="Figure 29. Stertinius lhoba sp. nov., holotype A bulb, ventral B palp, retrolateral. Abbreviations: CF cymbial flange; CP cymbial process; E embolus; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure29" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201136">29 A, B</figureCitation>
): femur length / width ratio ca 4.0; patella ~ 1.4 × longer than wide in retrolateral view; tibia almost as long as wide in retrolateral view, with short retrolateral apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EP1AK" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="4E6584ECEDD2730981EC2BFE735EE653">RTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) slightly curved outwards and blunt apically; cymbium ~ 2 × longer than tibia in ventral view, with sub-triangular baso-retrolateral process (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ET1AK" xlink_title="cymbial process">CP</abbrev>
); tegulum nearly oval, with sperm duct (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EX1AK" xlink_title="sperm duct">SD</abbrev>
) extending along submargin; embolus (E) originating from antero-prolateral portion of tegulum, slightly curved prolaterally at median portion and with pointed tip directed towards ca 11 oclock position.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EBACD13B9966F3A0B1DF1699BB731A5D">
<emphasis id="416680810B3099B5F1D1D8EFE193EC87" bold="true">Female</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="2DF729CDB81B58928786A6A8D6A578FF" captionStart="Figure 30" captionStartId="F30" captionText="Figure 30. Stertinius lhoba sp. nov. D, E, G, H male holotype and A C, F female paratype (TRU - JS 0775) A, B epigyne, ventral C vulva, dorsal D, F habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral G carapace, frontal H chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AS anterior chamber of spermatheca; F epigynal fold; FD fertilization duct; PS posterior chamber of spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A C, H); 0.5 mm (D G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure30" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201137">30 A C, F</figureCitation>
). Total length 2.72. Carapace 1.15 long, 1.01 wide. Abdomen 1.68 long, 1.10 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ED2AK" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.30,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EH2AK" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.16,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EL2AK" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.15,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EP2AK" xlink_title="anterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="4FC0D157F953AC135DDB083820E1DE0D">AERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
0.90,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ET2AK" xlink_title="posterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="B42922CC0BB609A177CDFDD2A74F13E2">PERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.01,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EX2AK" xlink_title="eye field length">EFL</abbrev>
0.58. Legs: I 1.94 (0.63, 0.40, 0.40, 0.28, 0.23), II 1.62 (0.50, 0.33, 0.33, 0.23, 0.23), III 1.59 (0.50, 0.28, 0.30, 0.28, 0.23), IV 2.23 (0.70, 0.45, 0.45, 0.38, 0.25). Habitus (Fig.
<figureCitation id="D628636246359BF26BFF30851CD11520" captionStart="Figure 30" captionStartId="F30" captionText="Figure 30. Stertinius lhoba sp. nov. D, E, G, H male holotype and A C, F female paratype (TRU - JS 0775) A, B epigyne, ventral C vulva, dorsal D, F habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral G carapace, frontal H chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AS anterior chamber of spermatheca; F epigynal fold; FD fertilization duct; PS posterior chamber of spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A C, H); 0.5 mm (D G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure30" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201137">30 F</figureCitation>
) similar to that of male except smaller retromarginal cheliceral tooth, and without dorsal abdominal scutum.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EA8CEC9ADBB620FD2A98A3E87031D728">
<emphasis id="E1DF983088F7DBE9B3F60A0E9724E6C5" bold="true" italics="true">Epigyne</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="312E5E5F51B9C01F73127C835343498C" captionStart="Figure 30" captionStartId="F30" captionText="Figure 30. Stertinius lhoba sp. nov. D, E, G, H male holotype and A C, F female paratype (TRU - JS 0775) A, B epigyne, ventral C vulva, dorsal D, F habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral G carapace, frontal H chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AS anterior chamber of spermatheca; F epigynal fold; FD fertilization duct; PS posterior chamber of spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A C, H); 0.5 mm (D G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure30" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201137">30 A C</figureCitation>
) ~ 1.46 × wider than long, with sub-labiate central fold (F); copulatory openings (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EK3AK" xlink_title="copulatory opening">CO</abbrev>
) small, beneath lateral portion of fold; copulatory ducts (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EO3AK" xlink_title="copulatory duct">
<collectionCode id="C49E86BFC39E6C0742DBA67B9DE80C79">CD</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) short, without distinct border; spermathecae (S) divided into oval anterior chamber (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ES3AK" xlink_title="anterior chamber of spermatheca">
<collectingCountry id="0EBCF5B52B06396FF861E16018AF0745" name="American Samoa">AS</collectingCountry>
</abbrev>
) and spherical posterior chamber (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EW3AK" xlink_title="posterior chamber of spermatheca">
<collectionCode id="F9739DFC6A88B48D846495381468140D">PS</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
); fertilization ducts (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E13AK" xlink_title="fertilization duct">
<collectionCode id="E369E8EA6308390F8CDC4A04FD345EF4">FD</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) originating from antero-inner portions of posterior chamber of spermatheca.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E53AK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="681D37927CE200AEA77A93A08F8F75AD">
<heading id="685D22BA94BC9D1743C6D96F1073F958" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F69C7ADF1A59A2A11C0A250E07C379F5">
Known only from the
<typeStatus id="64863EAB0255A6F75832D506F9005867">type</typeStatus>
locality in
<collectingRegion id="4FC6CF979C3257E7422CA3D854127F7A" country="China" name="Xizang">Xizang</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="9A0724D396F27885AC3A474EBBDFD03B" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="D7C70AEF920EADAFD45DE5D7F7870261" captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="F47" captionText="Figure 47. Distributional records of Cheliceroides jinxini sp. nov., Dendroicius qiong sp. nov., Icius deergong sp. nov., I. yarlungzangbo sp. nov., Mintonia shiwandashan sp. nov., Okinawicius nepalicus (Andreeva, Hęciak &amp; Prószyński, 1984), Pancorius medog sp. nov., Piranthus maddisoni sp. nov., Stertinius lhoba sp. nov., Synagelides kongmingi sp. nov., S. yunchangi sp. nov., S. xuandei sp. nov., Yaginumaella daweishan sp. nov., Y. moinba sp. nov., and Y. pingbian sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201156">47</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
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<mods:title id="19B251D3C84ACFBD3ABEE98E0FAE4DF2">Taxonomic notes of jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae) from Guangxi, Hainan, Sichuan, Xizang and Yunnan, China</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="FD7D3E4AEA32AB95A50956D58E79581B" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="3C8F6671C530F0924543315B2833ED71">
<heading id="59D0BC229327B25827F156B8AE330E65" reason="label">Genus</heading>
<taxonomicName id="F320DD36C936C8DF90DCA399695F7AFB" ID-CoL="89PR" authority="Proszynski, 1979" authorityName="Proszynski" authorityYear="1979" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Yaginumaella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A13FB846B867A6D6B3B8019CCF1F602A" italics="true">Yaginumaella</emphasis>
Prószyński, 1979
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ESIDK" type="type species">
<paragraph id="182F84BFA706B70CEE9B48BE6B750153">
<heading id="9FEFEDA8B8F03385B90D8EAA1105176F" reason="title">
<typeStatus id="FF006EC823EB409F5F2D8602D8BC58B8">Type</typeStatus>
species.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6CD376521C6F0C7BC57D2DFD9A7244A6">
<taxonomicName id="07A1DBD687F1EA58B8AA2D7C74FFA6F4" authority="Yaginuma, 1972" authorityName="Yaginuma" authorityYear="1972" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Pellenes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ususudi">
<emphasis id="DBCBF4FA495DD3A5F9D49895A8EBBCB5" italics="true">Pellenes ususudi</emphasis>
Yaginuma, 1972
</taxonomicName>
;
<typeStatus id="879047886C25510A66034B596328768C">type</typeStatus>
locality Hidaka District,
<collectingRegion id="76099A842EB171513D0C1C1C9B920D94" country="Japan" name="Hokkaido">Hokkaido</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="1F8E08024A6831145876B614543D2A35" name="Japan">Japan</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EDJDK" type="comments">
<paragraph id="F206CB5C90BE38C0FD7122B7E7A5FC38">
<heading id="EE054C0361511BC7DE53F67453388292" reason="title">Comments.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2DED837941C781EE8B3F873D42B25E1A">
<taxonomicName id="214C0FF784146CE42C2264998BE0B7FD" authorityName="Proszynski" authorityYear="1979" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Yaginumaella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E3FB80C608016C6A4D4332AAC287E82E" italics="true">Yaginumaella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a member of
<taxonomicName id="48F5EBAD3FFEAFFFF2703877B352C539" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1901" rank="tribe" tribe="Plexippini">Plexippini</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="0D5F266EF672F0CF2E4A78D2B37F72D2" DOI="10.1636/arac-43-03-231-292" author="Maddison" firstAuthor="Maddison" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of Arachnology" pagination="231-292" refId="B18" refString="Maddison WP (2015) A phylogenetic classification of jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae). The Journal of Arachnology 43 (3): 231292. https://doi.org/10.1636/arac-43-03-231-292" title="A phylogenetic classification of jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae)." volume="43" year="2015">Maddison 2015</bibRefCitation>
), is represented by 17 species restricted in east, south, and southeast Asia (
<bibRefCitation id="31EEBA3DFF51D1C7306CEE53CB3DBB42" DOI="10.24436/2" refId="B35" refString="World Spider Catalog (2024) World Spider Catalog. Version 25.0. Natural History Museum Bern, http://wsc.nmbe.ch. [accessed on 3 Jul. 2024] https://doi.org/10.24436/2" url="http://wsc.nmbe.ch" year="2024">WSC 2024</bibRefCitation>
). The genus is relatively poorly studied because it has never been widely revised, and more than 35 % of species are known only from a single sex (
<bibRefCitation id="AA93EB575A3C9F4997311E7B5903E59F" DOI="10.24436/2" refId="B35" refString="World Spider Catalog (2024) World Spider Catalog. Version 25.0. Natural History Museum Bern, http://wsc.nmbe.ch. [accessed on 3 Jul. 2024] https://doi.org/10.24436/2" url="http://wsc.nmbe.ch" year="2024">WSC 2024</bibRefCitation>
). Moreover, the relationship between the genus and
<taxonomicName id="D0B41C7478863B7948D301C193FFC692" authority="Simon, 1885" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1885" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Ptocasius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="4DF3BE76782E93CB48E443010C2AA8D8" italics="true">Ptocasius</emphasis>
Simon, 1885
</taxonomicName>
remains controversial, and thus the generic position of many related species cannot be ultimately confirmed (
<bibRefCitation id="B94137FA17A96D92E0E5574247E1DF8A" DOI="10.13156/arac.2024.19.8.1074" author="Logunov" firstAuthor="Logunov" issue="8" journalOrPublisher="Arachnology" pagination="1074-1099" refId="B15" refString="Logunov DV (2024) Jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae) of the BidoupNui Ba National Park, Lam Dong Province, Vietnam. Arachnology 19 (8): 10741099. https://doi.org/10.13156/arac.2024.19.8.1074" title="Jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae) of the BidoupNui Ba National Park, Lam Dong Province, Vietnam." volume="19" year="2024">Logunov 2024</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="FC1A232436F3CF7AD96C85AA227E5E42" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1192.114589" author="Wang" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Wang" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="141-178" refId="B32" refString="Wang C, Mi XQ, Li S (2024) Eleven species of jumping spiders from Sichuan, Xizang, and Yunnan, China (Araneae, Salticidae). ZooKeys 1192: 141178. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1192.114589" title="Eleven species of jumping spiders from Sichuan, Xizang, and Yunnan, China (Araneae, Salticidae)." volume="1192" year="2024">Wang et al. 2024</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,404 @@
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<mods:title id="B6E9272CEB11886A98A925700C8C973B">Taxonomic notes of jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae) from Guangxi, Hainan, Sichuan, Xizang and Yunnan, China</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="D9047D3A73BEB3665DA42AEA66F0FA42">Wang, Cheng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4D4D1E2F1025C9EB191A666004FB8B8B">Mi, Xiaoqi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="68C9F42C9F9F6F9B661722C20D4C9808">Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in the Fanjing Mountain Region, Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou 554300, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="3B7FE68CB1C065ECC9E6B4255664D0B7">College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="8A2E7A3D1F3524D4062FC06C3A45649B" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="842B17B4EC51885F4F7CE0DDD17ABE66">
<taxonomicName id="635CF2D2762DD1CA9B39229FB99C1C12" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Irura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yarlungzangbo" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="687E08A39CBFC2CBC5FDA9993A16840E" italics="true">Irura yarlungzangbo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="81C044E56982FFF11E7D986FFE11F15E" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B41F0B7FC8BC76883F643553EB76ECDE" type="description">
<paragraph id="B081A136B1A9E06D0BB7E1DE88B4866B">
<figureCitation id="6AD374E5C5B3E13D3267BD7DCDF7EAA7" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Male palp of Irura yarlungzangbo sp. nov., paratype (TRU - JS 0740) A ventral B retrolateral C dorsal. Abbreviations: CP cymbial process; E embolus; DCE dorsal cymbial extension; DTP dorsal tibial process; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201114">Figs 9</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="47225E0BE7E62723C74AEF42E53AFE40" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Irura yarlungzangbo sp. nov. A, B, D G female holotype and C, H male paratype (TRU - JS 0740) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, D habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G, H chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AS anterior chamber of spermatheca; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; JS junction duct of spermatheca; PS posterior chamber of spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G, H); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201115">10</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D01A626AFEAA6B7B1D1986212F9122F2" captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="F47" captionText="Figure 47. Distributional records of Cheliceroides jinxini sp. nov., Dendroicius qiong sp. nov., Icius deergong sp. nov., I. yarlungzangbo sp. nov., Mintonia shiwandashan sp. nov., Okinawicius nepalicus (Andreeva, Hęciak &amp; Prószyński, 1984), Pancorius medog sp. nov., Piranthus maddisoni sp. nov., Stertinius lhoba sp. nov., Synagelides kongmingi sp. nov., S. yunchangi sp. nov., S. xuandei sp. nov., Yaginumaella daweishan sp. nov., Y. moinba sp. nov., and Y. pingbian sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201156">47</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EICBG" type="type material">
<paragraph id="62145F0FC218E5AA5F5F89CD823E5E15">
<heading id="168F6184E312057C098E2F483F7C7767" reason="title">Type material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="983C5CE6F9A356AFFC4C2ACC727E0EF6">
<materialsCitation id="66162194B73C79ECCF67F72B9D77BA27" collectingDate="2024-05-25" collectionCode="TRU" collectorName="X. Q. Mi" country="China" county="Medog County" elevation="1670" latitude="29.180666" location="Beibeng Township" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="95.1445" municipality="Autonomous Region" specimenCode="JS 0739" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Xizang" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="A6A4E752ECFE735C963908900EC401B2" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="F21C6E952B773EC0D639164CABBA2D3D" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="9B09C215A3929B0E12CB66842997089B" count="1" type="female"></specimenCount>
(
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ETCBG" xlink_title="Tongren University">
<collectionCode id="224634E356E2059C43D8C480115B4414" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">TRU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
-
<specimenCode id="C06E3FD7927345A15B5E919D8645A4F6" collectionCode="TRU" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EXCBG" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0739
</specimenCode>
),
<collectingCountry id="58AACA832C4385DA230833B7AE57A237" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
: •
<collectingRegion id="378758C76630C34896F1D43798E66D20" country="China" name="Xizang">Xizang</collectingRegion>
<collectingMunicipality id="48EEAB82F1C4D9C781F288BB592A9DBA">Autonomous Region</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="2D3C1D04921D45EB91038E1051F13A47">Medog County</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="6DC275D0CF62129A8C92EE8B2EEB3F49" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:457EB737C6365BB4AF7A5830D2CF5EC1:6DC275D0CF62129A8C92EE8B2EEB3F49" country="China" county="Medog County" latitude="29.180666" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="95.1445" municipality="Autonomous Region" name="Beibeng Township" stateProvince="Xizang">Beibeng Township</location>
,
<location id="6B4350620F1CCBE977FE634D1BF0D6DD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:457EB737C6365BB4AF7A5830D2CF5EC1:6B4350620F1CCBE977FE634D1BF0D6DD" country="China" county="Medog County" latitude="29.180666" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="95.1445" municipality="Autonomous Region" name="Deergong Village" stateProvince="Xizang">Deergong Village</location>
,
<location id="0ECFF0A4510FFB4EA211D1637913DBB1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:457EB737C6365BB4AF7A5830D2CF5EC1:0ECFF0A4510FFB4EA211D1637913DBB1" country="China" county="Medog County" latitude="29.180666" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="95.1445" municipality="Autonomous Region" name="Yarlung Zangbo National Nature Reserve" stateProvince="Xizang">Yarlung Zangbo National Nature Reserve</location>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E5CBG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[95.144500,29.180667]}">
<geoCoordinate id="C5319418F9AD78F0C261F43217272219" degrees="29" direction="north" minutes="10.84" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="29.180666">29 ° 10.84 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="BF640BD2BDC31325E755DBF9FB6E1E18" degrees="95" direction="east" minutes="8.67" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="95.1445">95 ° 8.67 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
, ca
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<elevation id="731C53E0603F4024D2FC7B7A74F063AD" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.67" unit="m" value="1670.0">1670 m</elevation>
</quantity>
),
<date id="4FA743C1F74D72BD79695C8A6B95404C" value="2024-05-25">
<collectingDate id="062CD861259F78BB67E7AF58DBAD6DDA" value="2024-05-25">25. V. 2024</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="B69C3CD126271242FD4BDCD6FBC87F36">X. Q. Mi</collectorName>
et al. leg
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="39A19FCBA6D88591AA13FC506AFEE66D" collectingDate="2024-05-25" collectionCode="TRU" collectorName="X. Q. Mi" country="China" county="Medog County" elevation="1670" latitude="29.180666" location="Beibeng Township" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="95.1445" municipality="Autonomous Region" specimenCode="JS 0740-0742" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Xizang" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="1FB88BAC298860031B62475D3AE53B72" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="4ECDB087A3720B25F529F30385C425C6" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="B1F19B6EA25800E29370905AE885F064" count="1" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="191B9423CE08DDAA45F42497F0261F9C" count="2" type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
(
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EGDBG" xlink_title="Tongren University">
<collectionCode id="1485A31B7FB3CE8DBC048A8E06DDADCF" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">TRU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
-
<specimenCode id="6B200DF7E46C8D6310E43FEDFE6C0396" collectionCode="TRU" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EKDBG" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
07400742
</specimenCode>
), same data as for holotype
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EODBG" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="7926AD919E243ADFA63285452B89EC53">
<heading id="08FC6EE07F64FF674EDC9F0B50B0D77A" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8CE9C089E788C998E2B994F63484115C">
The specific name refers to the Yarlung Zangbo National Nature Reserve, the
<typeStatus id="5296E305E4F9F0B22A904623DBB91555">type</typeStatus>
locality; noun in apposition.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ETDBG" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="C1EB02E34C56E4629D74F41465F214F3">
<heading id="5059B2BDDF132A6638931E8D16409C8F" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0D1CB0734FAF7BDB22C875AB1DD238AE">
The female of
<taxonomicName id="DA099B26D53423165BC96FADE2880451" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Irura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yarlungzangbo" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="2B8D66D8CEB0CB2789673440328CDAEB" italics="true">Irura yarlungzangbo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3EFAD8CECB8D73EE51F4746D29241575" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
resembles that of
<taxonomicName id="31B7F84384A5805DDA176397C176166D" authority="Gan, Wang &amp; Peng, 2017" authorityName="Gan, Wang &amp; Peng" authorityYear="2017" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Irura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zhangae">
<emphasis id="6E31D4B9240D20026DF5884BEE22DA27" italics="true">I. zhangae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B7DC61C8B7CE56A94FCC61893109639A" DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4226.2.7" author="Gan JH &amp; Wang C &amp; Peng XJ" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pagination="273-282" refId="B6" refString="Gan JH, Wang C, Peng XJ (2017) Three new spider species of Irura Peckham &amp; Peckham, 1901 from China (Araneae: Salticidae). Zootaxa 4226 (2): 273 - 282. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4226.2. 7" title="Three new spider species of Irura Peckham &amp; Peckham, 1901 from China (Araneae: Salticidae)." volume="4226" year="2017">
Gan, Wang &amp; Peng,
<quantity id="C815CBECF66223FF28312A12CB15BDFD" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.12318" unit="in" value="2017.0">2017 in</quantity>
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
having a similar epigyne, but can be easily distinguished by the anterior chamber of spermatheca (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EPEBG" xlink_title="anterior chamber of spermatheca">
<collectingCountry id="F9023588F902CC021CC4F6E204D4D2FB" name="American Samoa">AS</collectingCountry>
</abbrev>
), ~ 1.3 × longer than wide (Fig.
<figureCitation id="2199C8151B101422C0EF85B19393F8D4" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Irura yarlungzangbo sp. nov. A, B, D G female holotype and C, H male paratype (TRU - JS 0740) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, D habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G, H chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AS anterior chamber of spermatheca; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; JS junction duct of spermatheca; PS posterior chamber of spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G, H); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201115">10 B</figureCitation>
) vs ~ 2 × longer than wide (
<bibRefCitation id="F68F56639641E951500D42892900B8FD" DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4226.2.7" author="Gan" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Gan" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pagination="273-282" refId="B6" refString="Gan JH, Wang C, Peng XJ (2017) Three new spider species of Irura Peckham &amp; Peckham, 1901 from China (Araneae: Salticidae). Zootaxa 4226 (2): 273282. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4226.2.7" title="Three new spider species of Irura Peckham &amp; Peckham, 1901 from China (Araneae: Salticidae)." volume="4226" year="2017">Gan et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 2 F, G, 3 D, E), and by the absence of an incision between copulatory openings (Fig.
<figureCitation id="61745A4B84B642B6DDE8BDE8AC9A3BF8" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Irura yarlungzangbo sp. nov. A, B, D G female holotype and C, H male paratype (TRU - JS 0740) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, D habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G, H chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AS anterior chamber of spermatheca; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; JS junction duct of spermatheca; PS posterior chamber of spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G, H); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201115">10 A</figureCitation>
) vs having a square incision between copulatory openings (
<bibRefCitation id="C6A54B7471F3539FC5B664E8FAA19363" DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4226.2.7" author="Gan" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Gan" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pagination="273-282" refId="B6" refString="Gan JH, Wang C, Peng XJ (2017) Three new spider species of Irura Peckham &amp; Peckham, 1901 from China (Araneae: Salticidae). Zootaxa 4226 (2): 273282. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4226.2.7" title="Three new spider species of Irura Peckham &amp; Peckham, 1901 from China (Araneae: Salticidae)." volume="4226" year="2017">Gan et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
: figs 2 F, G, 3 D, E). The male can be easily distinguished by the presence of dorsal cymbial extension (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EDFBG" xlink_title="dorsal cymbial extension">
<collectionCode id="CC632D15A9BDAE72E2B60C87DD658794">DCE</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
), which bears several retromarginal spines (Fig.
<figureCitation id="8BC5A6E8A045D1D206FA1CBED97BA45A" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Male palp of Irura yarlungzangbo sp. nov., paratype (TRU - JS 0740) A ventral B retrolateral C dorsal. Abbreviations: CP cymbial process; E embolus; DCE dorsal cymbial extension; DTP dorsal tibial process; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201114">9 B, C</figureCitation>
) vs absent in other congeners (see
<bibRefCitation id="B3C3DFB8DA57F209782E7E1D49E56488" author="Metzner" firstAuthor="Metzner" refId="B21" refString="Metzner H (2024) Jumping spiders (Arachnida: Araneae: Salticidae) of the world. [Accessed 10 Jul. 2024] https://www.jumping-spiders.com" url="https://www.jumping-spiders.com" year="2024">Metzner 2024</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="98A0DE23CEABF1FB7F1A29AFC23F8214" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure9" ID-arpha="94115DDC-7A52-5367-85E8-10B2251C6067" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201114" startId="F9">
<paragraph id="A89BD0E66DBF303A6C1D6F8E24881F8E">
<label id="D3EB565F4BF7BD900314DF55C1DAE59A">Figure 9.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA27FDA99DDF3FA9BFE2B774D25C1C54">
Male palp of
<taxonomicName id="4A1FDE6149AFB698FB08A231B525B9B6" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Irura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yarlungzangbo" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7073FFEF6DF985C2AC2EE5EF8ABD1365" italics="true">Irura yarlungzangbo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="471EBE7E9F0AF1D62DB2759E396CF50F" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, paratype (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ECGBG" xlink_title="Tongren University">TRU</abbrev>
-
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EGGBG" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0740)
<emphasis id="29433AFBBC14FF2755744C3014058C1F" bold="true">A</emphasis>
ventral
<emphasis id="2608C04A1520C7368B608C2998F42364" bold="true">B</emphasis>
retrolateral
<emphasis id="3329C54F1E21B3AF38A158F017155B6B" bold="true">C</emphasis>
dorsal. Abbreviations:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQGBG" xlink_title="cymbial process">CP</abbrev>
cymbial process; E embolus;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EUGBG" xlink_title="dorsal cymbial extension">DCE</abbrev>
dorsal cymbial extension;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYGBG" xlink_title="dorsal tibial process">DTP</abbrev>
dorsal tibial process;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3GBG" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">RTA</abbrev>
retrolateral tibial apophysis;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EAHBG" xlink_title="sperm duct">SD</abbrev>
sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="005B370FFB152F7E718F07E374E9B142" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure10" ID-arpha="AE6F8928-0BC4-5493-BA09-8AE24E198C28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201115" startId="F10">
<paragraph id="9B2A96BE3BA4FFE141EFADD06D07E57B">
<label id="68FB95EB74FF7C07216474A4F262A245">Figure 10.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E0134D4EDEA3AA745508AB262C81AEE3">
<taxonomicName id="16C206C1A4FEAC9A62400C333B0ACF56" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Irura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yarlungzangbo" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="2A6744511D618F33A341207F293A2022" italics="true">Irura yarlungzangbo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="53389CB294C8A754522401FE035E0E88" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="41331A1D32C3F70F5C4C9959DF4864F0" bold="true">A, B, D G</emphasis>
female holotype and
<emphasis id="E76698837211658171AA97FF814941EC" bold="true">C, H</emphasis>
male paratype (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EAIBG" xlink_title="Tongren University">TRU</abbrev>
-
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EEIBG" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0740)
<emphasis id="E92E742E1AA13780E67BA2CB4F34BFCA" bold="true">A</emphasis>
epigyne, ventral
<emphasis id="58EF1AA18234505545112CD22C721175" bold="true">B</emphasis>
vulva, dorsal
<emphasis id="2FC15594ADA3A9A96C46B1E67AEB2346" bold="true">C, D</emphasis>
habitus, dorsal
<emphasis id="25B04A20167ADAA50DAA5AA1B5763055" bold="true">E</emphasis>
ditto, ventral
<emphasis id="AC3666E70B1B49F08F98ECACB4943DB0" bold="true">F</emphasis>
carapace, frontal
<emphasis id="D4E518DE63674895F8B7EF738D72A790" bold="true">G, H</emphasis>
chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EUIBG" xlink_title="anterior chamber of spermatheca">AS</abbrev>
anterior chamber of spermatheca;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYIBG" xlink_title="copulatory duct">CD</abbrev>
copulatory duct;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3IBG" xlink_title="copulatory opening">CO</abbrev>
copulatory opening;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EAJBG" xlink_title="fertilization duct">FD</abbrev>
fertilization duct;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EEJBG" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
junction duct of spermatheca;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EIJBG" xlink_title="posterior chamber of spermatheca">PS</abbrev>
posterior chamber of spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (
<emphasis id="A5E21B34D5F02D75539529318338131F" bold="true">A, B, G, H</emphasis>
); 0.5 mm (
<emphasis id="A40CB931265DC230DC6EA0783C695A64" bold="true">C F</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EVJBG" type="description">
<paragraph id="0F8D931F7D818294AC3F2D02AFDD69E7">
<heading id="17655837FE8E400747AA6AD8CE63E2E1" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="09DA8E15A399E9C1580C0B5435B76152">
<emphasis id="72863D801F5B733F393A12ED909F5012" bold="true">Female</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="13F21162BDA2AC61C63B3C2DAD357BC6" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Irura yarlungzangbo sp. nov. A, B, D G female holotype and C, H male paratype (TRU - JS 0740) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, D habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G, H chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AS anterior chamber of spermatheca; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; JS junction duct of spermatheca; PS posterior chamber of spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G, H); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201115">10 A, B, D G</figureCitation>
). Total length 3.78. Carapace 1.43 long, 1.65 wide. Abdomen 2.05 long, 1.65 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBKBG" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.38,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EFKBG" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.22,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJKBG" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.19,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENKBG" xlink_title="anterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="3CED2CB1F0DC6589A20F3F37E9FC7109">AERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.31,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERKBG" xlink_title="posterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="12D5290F30333DDA7FCC69957C1B1627">PERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.55,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVKBG" xlink_title="eye field length">EFL</abbrev>
0.74. Legs: I 3.28 (1.05, 0.75, 0.65, 0.48, 0.35), II 2.31 (0.75, 0.45, 0.45, 0.38, 0.28), III 2.02 (0.63, 0.35, 0.38, 0.38, 0.28), IV 2.49 (0.85, 0.43, 0.50, 0.43, 0.28). Carapace red-brown, covered with thin brown setae and pale scales, with pair of dark spots centrally on eye field. Chelicerae incised on base of anterior surface, with two promarginal teeth and one retromarginal fissidentate tooth with three cusps. Leg I robust, with two pairs of ventral spines on tibiae and metatarsi. Abdomen oval, dorsum mainly pale, with two pairs of anterior muscle depressions and medio-posterior shallow depressions surrounded by brown C-shaped stripes; venter with dark brown posterior half, and two pairs of pale yellow dotted lines.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9D5BE26F36F62DF025E79DCAB2210430">
<emphasis id="C230A1897104A33BCC2A0C5CCA004FC2" bold="true" italics="true">Epigyne</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="97B184F12DEE88B67699AE60B0FFE3D2" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Irura yarlungzangbo sp. nov. A, B, D G female holotype and C, H male paratype (TRU - JS 0740) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, D habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G, H chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AS anterior chamber of spermatheca; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; JS junction duct of spermatheca; PS posterior chamber of spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G, H); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201115">10 A, B</figureCitation>
) ~ 1.65 × wider than long, weakly sclerotized; copulatory openings (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EELBG" xlink_title="copulatory opening">CO</abbrev>
) postero-marginally located, opened posterolaterally, separated by&gt; 1 / 3 epigynal width; copulatory ducts (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EILBG" xlink_title="copulatory duct">
<collectionCode id="2C018D0F8C6856528952CF192798E593">CD</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) thin, slightly curved proximally and distally, and connected to distal portions of junction ducts of spermathecae (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMLBG" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">
<collectionCode id="F287A12A114AFA043777F4670077B512">JS</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
); spermathecae (S) divided into oval anterior chamber (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQLBG" xlink_title="anterior chamber of spermatheca">
<collectingCountry id="5A35B8D60FDBAF2FFA4BF4F11087007C" name="American Samoa">AS</collectingCountry>
</abbrev>
) and spherical posterior chamber (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EULBG" xlink_title="posterior chamber of spermatheca">
<collectionCode id="E3B7D2BB38EB2B8D538AD92539EFA99E">PS</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
); fertilization ducts (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYLBG" xlink_title="fertilization duct">
<collectionCode id="FC3461DFA67B9D871712D04F790FA711">FD</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) originating at antero-inner margins of anterior chamber of spermatheca.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1C74EDA3A589241EF9D4FDEC053DB8E1">
<emphasis id="D33A0FBFFFB37FA3047DE7940881FC18" bold="true">Male</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation id="79414E17748E4552BAAB882E98B963DD" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Male palp of Irura yarlungzangbo sp. nov., paratype (TRU - JS 0740) A ventral B retrolateral C dorsal. Abbreviations: CP cymbial process; E embolus; DCE dorsal cymbial extension; DTP dorsal tibial process; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201114">9</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D0DE636E1A8CF8764DDB6938C4CD2CA6" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Irura yarlungzangbo sp. nov. A, B, D G female holotype and C, H male paratype (TRU - JS 0740) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, D habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G, H chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AS anterior chamber of spermatheca; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; JS junction duct of spermatheca; PS posterior chamber of spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G, H); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201115">10 C, H</figureCitation>
). Total length 2.63. Carapace 1.29 long, 1.37 wide. Abdomen 1.41 long, 1.22 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EIMBG" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.35,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMMBG" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.20,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQMBG" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.15,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EUMBG" xlink_title="anterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="4D75AE7A7394C414E973F46E7834C99F">AERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.14,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYMBG" xlink_title="posterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="8641296E212B108211D4F459C467C525">PERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.31,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3MBG" xlink_title="eye field length">EFL</abbrev>
0.65. Legs: I 3.53 (1.05, 0.75, 0.78, 0.50, 0.45), II 2.34 (0.75, 0.43, 0.45, 0.43, 0.28), III 2.00 (0.63, 0.33, 0.38, 0.38, 0.28), IV missing. Carapace (Fig.
<figureCitation id="C30D259367B6B1A6B37F9282B2E25D30" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Irura yarlungzangbo sp. nov. A, B, D G female holotype and C, H male paratype (TRU - JS 0740) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, D habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G, H chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AS anterior chamber of spermatheca; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; JS junction duct of spermatheca; PS posterior chamber of spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G, H); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201115">10 C</figureCitation>
) brown, covered with purplish gold scales. Chelicerae (Fig.
<figureCitation id="44CD49D62F1FBAA51A85831767231512" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Irura yarlungzangbo sp. nov. A, B, D G female holotype and C, H male paratype (TRU - JS 0740) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, D habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G, H chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AS anterior chamber of spermatheca; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; JS junction duct of spermatheca; PS posterior chamber of spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G, H); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201115">10 H</figureCitation>
) similar to that of female except retromarginal fissidentate tooth only with two cusps. Legs brown, mingled with green. Abdomen (Fig.
<figureCitation id="4C16AEC79606A9DBDC0115A7D8762E19" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Irura yarlungzangbo sp. nov. A, B, D G female holotype and C, H male paratype (TRU - JS 0740) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, D habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G, H chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AS anterior chamber of spermatheca; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; JS junction duct of spermatheca; PS posterior chamber of spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G, H); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201115">10 C</figureCitation>
) oval, dorsum mainly dark brown, covered with purplish gold scales, with pair of pale median patches and transverse, posterior, pale band; venter dark brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A692B59D211C4BB2418781C3681D2821">
<emphasis id="B030609B553F4D37E39C8F8870D4DB74" bold="true" italics="true">Palp</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="B040D1DA5AC1F869753627645FC9C6C8" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Male palp of Irura yarlungzangbo sp. nov., paratype (TRU - JS 0740) A ventral B retrolateral C dorsal. Abbreviations: CP cymbial process; E embolus; DCE dorsal cymbial extension; DTP dorsal tibial process; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201114">9 A C</figureCitation>
): femur length / width ratio ca 2.72; patella ~ 1.6 × longer than wide in retrolateral view; tibia slightly longer than patella, with well-developed, lamellar retrolateral apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EXNBG" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="79AF7DADE385942D23D2B11A5EF0A98C">RTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) and swollen dorsal process (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E2NBG" xlink_title="dorsal tibial process">
<collectionCode id="3BD58880FFA118EDB673B5FA16717F5E">DTP</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
); cymbium ~ 2 × longer than wide, with weakly sclerotized retrolateral process (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E6NBG" xlink_title="cymbial process">CP</abbrev>
) partly covered by retrolateral tibial apophysis and with pointed end, and well developed, posteriorly extending dorsal extension (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EDOBG" xlink_title="dorsal cymbial extension">
<collectionCode id="D951763D9067255256ECC58E5CDA4D30">DCE</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) bearing several retromarginal spines; tegulum flat, oval; embolus (E) filiform, 1.2 × longer than tegulum, originating at ca 9 oclock position.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EHOBG" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="892168560644710B8A6450D40D8E20DA">
<heading id="0B58927CA87B8966383D4AF2A9508745" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="119300FAD2CBF7B54CE4F91E1AF8A9F2">
Known only from the
<typeStatus id="C61C58FD4EBF2B512CD01766583B3A82">type</typeStatus>
locality in
<collectingRegion id="938963130CD82B7769601A22F8CD5B80" country="China" name="Xizang">Xizang</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="051154A72524DCA8AFA7E732ED156F0F" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="05EEB328BAC3AB070903DCE54525143C" captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="F47" captionText="Figure 47. Distributional records of Cheliceroides jinxini sp. nov., Dendroicius qiong sp. nov., Icius deergong sp. nov., I. yarlungzangbo sp. nov., Mintonia shiwandashan sp. nov., Okinawicius nepalicus (Andreeva, Hęciak &amp; Prószyński, 1984), Pancorius medog sp. nov., Piranthus maddisoni sp. nov., Stertinius lhoba sp. nov., Synagelides kongmingi sp. nov., S. yunchangi sp. nov., S. xuandei sp. nov., Yaginumaella daweishan sp. nov., Y. moinba sp. nov., and Y. pingbian sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201156">47</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="FE2CD6F1D4F253E6C8F6910995ECA07E">Taxonomic notes of jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae) from Guangxi, Hainan, Sichuan, Xizang and Yunnan, China</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="03BB9D2BE2CED5001734C031C24975FA">Wang, Cheng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="6E8A4CF9FA28BC91D5E036020D1D8052">Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in the Fanjing Mountain Region, Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou 554300, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="F028698576A7BAA244764C9E523336B9">Mi, Xiaoqi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9CE7EFE02AFB525C0B5680918F1BF153">Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in the Fanjing Mountain Region, Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou 554300, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A33D9897E3EE274F1E2903E0BBC09633">Li, Shuqiang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="FA152F73672A65BE501C09CCCE9A81D3">Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China &amp; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="AC4335808C503D2787FB6C0EADE04AD8">Xu, Xiang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1CF6060A2F9ACD52C41DFA0E1D68EFAF">College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="4D00E460470F55DDADE842FA35030620" ID-arpha="4D00E460-470F-55DD-ADE8-42FA35030620" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4D00E460470F55DDADE842FA35030620" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/4D00E460470F55DDADE842FA35030620">
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<taxonomicName id="9F574E5EA7895B01A92F75F964089979" ID-CoL="4XDJ2" authority="Proszynski, 1985" authorityName="Proszynski" authorityYear="1985" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Siler" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanoicus">
<emphasis id="3896DDDF389876059C44F6B58CCC8748" italics="true">Siler hanoicus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9E92885FA72D2483AA3643B88636F87A" author="Prószyński J" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici, Warszawa" pagination="69-85" refId="B26" refString="Proszynski J (1985) On Siler, Silerella, Cyllobelus and Natta (Araneae, Salticidae). Annales Zoologici, Warszawa 39: 69 - 85." title="On Siler, Silerella, Cyllobelus and Natta (Araneae, Salticidae)." volume="39" year="1985">Prószyński, 1985</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="D41BF4BDB84985A83C97FDBD79D55621">
<figureCitation id="A4F65E673A01282CF74BBDF5476BCF38" captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Copulatory organs of Siler hanoicus Prószyński, 1985 A C male palp (TRU - JS 0770) and D, E eigyne (TRU - JS 0771) A prolateral B ventral C retrolateral D epigyne, ventral E vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; E embolus; FD fertilization duct; PL posterior tegular lobe; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; S spermatheca; TB tegular bump. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201131">Figs 25</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="6633680AD75D311CD1CD9D773E285F73" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Siler hanoicus Prószyński, 1985 A, B, D, E male (TRU - JS 0770) and C female (TRU - JS 0771) A, C habitus, dorsal B ditto, ventral D carapace, frontal E chelicera, posterior. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A D); 0.1 mm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201132">26</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D872103BC8BBC8F0A5539F55EAC9C31B" captionStart="Figure 48" captionStartId="F48" captionText="Figure 48. Distributional records of Irura qiuhangi sp. nov., Myrmarachne kuan sp. nov., Nandicius xiefengi sp. nov., Padillothorax exilis (Cao &amp; Li, 2016), Pancorius yingjiang sp. nov., Siler hanoicus Prószyński, 1985, Simaetha hainan sp. nov., Synagelides yidei sp. nov., and S. zilongi sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201157">48</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="26E6C350CB37D66E4E10E90E424F404A" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B7DE93BD728EDF37DEB73DFEC05CACB9">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="CF8D5B96A24C775AFE88B0C09FA49FDB">
<treatmentCitation id="34AD65FD005519E3BF4B21D9D4633D6D" author="Prószyński J" page="75" year="1985">
<taxonomicName id="77179D0B941AEA831533FC186C4EDDA0" ID-CoL="4XDJ2" authority="Proszynski, 1985: 75" authorityName="Proszynski" authorityPageNumber="75" authorityYear="1985" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Siler" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanoicus">
<emphasis id="AD9A54D595CC3FBAEEE00DBF9A712453" italics="true">Siler hanoicus</emphasis>
<comment id="45243F524CAD4C26EBAA4D47AC102448">
<bibRefCitation id="C6C6442A432152C8D30AEBDFDE4AA449" author="Prószyński J" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici, Warszawa" pagination="69-85" refId="B26" refString="Proszynski J (1985) On Siler, Silerella, Cyllobelus and Natta (Araneae, Salticidae). Annales Zoologici, Warszawa 39: 69 - 85." title="On Siler, Silerella, Cyllobelus and Natta (Araneae, Salticidae)." volume="39" year="1985">Prószyński, 1985: 75</bibRefCitation>
, figs 21, 22 (
<typeStatus id="376CD242B6B089C331B7C2CE17D729F0" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount id="D173B14B9BAF111CDAB5324B8780CA9C" count="1" type="male"></specimenCount>
, not examined);
<treatmentCitation id="AF83ED6EF83473F6372DD15853943100" author="Żabka M" page="447" year="1985">
<bibRefCitation id="F98BD5B7E9D31D9294E0911EC3284FAA" author="Żabka M" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici, Warszawa" pagination="197-485" refId="B41" refString="Zabka M (1985) Systematic and zoogeographic study on the family Salticidae (Araneae) from Vietnam. Annales Zoologici, Warszawa 39: 197 - 485." title="Systematic and zoogeographic study on the family Salticidae (Araneae) from Vietnam." volume="39" year="1985">Żabka, 1985: 447</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
, figs 571, 572 (
<specimenCount id="D4A8E2383556DAA9143D1FEDE6B20349" count="1" type="male"></specimenCount>
).
</comment>
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ENSDI" type="material">
<paragraph id="51499BAD8445BEFF50C0C8113549C6BB">
<heading id="FB3F6A6B23829E324BC3EEED3C586FF3" reason="title">Material examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6FAE4BC9FE4CB49A9FDD2F6C8C14DE9E">
<materialsCitation id="586A2E488612B27E5C2DBCFEB319DB02" collectionCode="TRU" country="China" location="China" specimenCode="JS 0770-0771" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1">
<specimenCount id="B2A699DC29DE0068B3B835572265E47B" count="1" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="9D204DB4CD3536C6EC88A3AB28EC085D" count="1" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
(
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ETSDI" xlink_title="Tongren University">
<collectionCode id="825243FC7E74634627DB86418AF90E4A" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">TRU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
-
<specimenCode id="414A4CF127ACDCC72507E0E2D360768A" collectionCode="TRU" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EXSDI" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
07700771
</specimenCode>
),
<collectingCountry id="F03BEAADC072646AFEC2E5354C483F91" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
</materialsCitation>
: •
<materialsCitation id="77002E55F6ECBA2067D74540254C07B5" collectingDate="2024-04-30" collectorName="A. L. He" country="China" county="Autonomous Region" elevation="430" latitude="21.8455" location="Shiwandashan National Nature Reserve" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="107.88734" municipality="Fangchenggang City" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guangxi">
<collectingRegion id="8B12842BEFA2CA67A47210855F8CD8AD" country="China" name="Guangxi">Guangxi Zhuang</collectingRegion>
<collectingCounty id="55C8A39F1AD650D478F4675F28936053">Autonomous Region</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="3B7F9D9F1A756D6D56288BA5A0EB522A">Fangchenggang City</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="9325C2382B22688339C205E198F9C91F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4D00E460470F55DDADE842FA35030620:9325C2382B22688339C205E198F9C91F" country="China" county="Autonomous Region" latitude="21.8455" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="107.88734" municipality="Fangchenggang City" name="Shiwandashan National Nature Reserve" stateProvince="Guangxi">Shiwandashan National Nature Reserve</location>
, west border of
<location id="77EC77C8175275F6AFE7CB45ED3BCA4C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:4D00E460470F55DDADE842FA35030620:77EC77C8175275F6AFE7CB45ED3BCA4C" country="China" county="Autonomous Region" latitude="21.8455" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="107.88734" municipality="Fangchenggang City" name="Pinglong Station" stateProvince="Guangxi">Pinglong Station</location>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E5SDI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[107.887333,21.845500]}">
<geoCoordinate id="9D802BB43682A932C91BBF88E740DD7C" degrees="21" direction="north" minutes="50.73" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="21.8455">21 ° 50.73 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="68CD967731472F735A6BAF51C63C191A" degrees="107" direction="east" minutes="53.24" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="107.88734">107 ° 53.24 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
, ca
<quantity id="894D195E0A6611D22FC45ACEE8057E7B" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" unit="m" value="430.0">
<elevation id="2EA6F24B98FD5B13BE7973728FD09560" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.3" unit="m" value="430.0">430 m</elevation>
</quantity>
),
<date id="C94222DBC20C34FB01D3BB4CEE417B94" value="2024-04-30">
<collectingDate id="4D6C95BB7D513400D5D9482BAB7AB54F" value="2024-04-30">30. IV. 2024</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="9069A85BE0010142959793EDDE2CC55B">A. L. He</collectorName>
et al. leg
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EDTDI" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="829D8F872B74456EA2474D6A9B4514E4">
<heading id="9959B839AEA8BF18CEAE7F68DD4FB82F" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4A3A8F2AA799B4058FD378F7A1A0DA00">
<taxonomicName id="C4F1E4BBE51FCFBC93F17AFF4E55B10B" authorityName="Proszynski" authorityYear="1985" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Siler" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanoicus">
<emphasis id="AAA4F86FF8D4A9FDF959305188239D7D" italics="true">Siler hanoicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles that of
<taxonomicName id="820560D7C845975AFC6929F6219B016B" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1889" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Siler" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupreus">
<emphasis id="8C60807C6A879F6C6A459DC3AF2F0651" italics="true">S. cupreus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the general shape of copulatory organs but differs in: 1) embolus (E) curved (Fig.
<figureCitation id="02DAAADB6306D0BC47E74D2E8AC4F864" captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Copulatory organs of Siler hanoicus Prószyński, 1985 A C male palp (TRU - JS 0770) and D, E eigyne (TRU - JS 0771) A prolateral B ventral C retrolateral D epigyne, ventral E vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; E embolus; FD fertilization duct; PL posterior tegular lobe; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; S spermatheca; TB tegular bump. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201131">25 B</figureCitation>
) vs straight (
<bibRefCitation id="714B5767BC2F72141CE943B3D6398E9D" author="Peng" firstAuthor="Peng" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" refId="B23" refString="Peng XJ (2020) Fauna Sinica, Invertebrata 53, Arachnida: Araneae: Salticidae. Science Press, Beijing, 612 pp." title="Fauna Sinica, Invertebrata 53, Arachnida: Araneae: Salticidae." year="2020">Peng 2020</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 296 b); 2) retrolateral tibial apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EHUDI" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="0675A5FC510A882A8F11A9421C00F891">RTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) curved ventrally in retrolateral view (Fig.
<figureCitation id="3C20297CB36C905ED6B10EAA535E8EE0" captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Copulatory organs of Siler hanoicus Prószyński, 1985 A C male palp (TRU - JS 0770) and D, E eigyne (TRU - JS 0771) A prolateral B ventral C retrolateral D epigyne, ventral E vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; E embolus; FD fertilization duct; PL posterior tegular lobe; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; S spermatheca; TB tegular bump. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201131">25 C</figureCitation>
), vs anteriorly extending before curved ventrally (
<bibRefCitation id="6D9461D509A68F50E49C94FCA1A9F8EE" author="Peng" firstAuthor="Peng" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" refId="B23" refString="Peng XJ (2020) Fauna Sinica, Invertebrata 53, Arachnida: Araneae: Salticidae. Science Press, Beijing, 612 pp." title="Fauna Sinica, Invertebrata 53, Arachnida: Araneae: Salticidae." year="2020">Peng 2020</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 296 b); 3) presence of a pair of atrial ridges (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ETUDI" xlink_title="atrial ridge">AR</abbrev>
) (Fig.
<figureCitation id="BA081362E19343449015913DA3C8C61D" captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Copulatory organs of Siler hanoicus Prószyński, 1985 A C male palp (TRU - JS 0770) and D, E eigyne (TRU - JS 0771) A prolateral B ventral C retrolateral D epigyne, ventral E vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; E embolus; FD fertilization duct; PL posterior tegular lobe; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; S spermatheca; TB tegular bump. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201131">25 D</figureCitation>
), vs absent (
<bibRefCitation id="CC8E3DDCF511A8315B089A2D9CA2FBE2" author="Peng" firstAuthor="Peng" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" refId="B23" refString="Peng XJ (2020) Fauna Sinica, Invertebrata 53, Arachnida: Araneae: Salticidae. Science Press, Beijing, 612 pp." title="Fauna Sinica, Invertebrata 53, Arachnida: Araneae: Salticidae." year="2020">Peng 2020</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 296 f).
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="05C6C386FADF28AC10B14A7A430967E6">
<label id="BA252DB94984F7CC01B8EB0363493786">Figure 25.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DF08FC8F8926CD76757BFA27AAEF2201">
Copulatory organs of
<taxonomicName id="D81DB4978CDE12752F3518A3817B6C3D" authority="Proszynski, 1985" authorityName="Proszynski" authorityYear="1985" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Siler" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanoicus">
<emphasis id="995CDA231E31DCE2C0E26010C7AF71A6" italics="true">Siler hanoicus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="784B7D47BFE3A98F006D5F7D9E9D2604" author="Prószyński J" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici, Warszawa" pagination="69-85" refId="B26" refString="Proszynski J (1985) On Siler, Silerella, Cyllobelus and Natta (Araneae, Salticidae). Annales Zoologici, Warszawa 39: 69 - 85." title="On Siler, Silerella, Cyllobelus and Natta (Araneae, Salticidae)." volume="39" year="1985">Prószyński, 1985</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="0B3B1EE6A8AA224FD916BC7734B4852A" bold="true">A C</emphasis>
male palp (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EUVDI" xlink_title="Tongren University">TRU</abbrev>
-
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYVDI" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0770) and
<emphasis id="FBC4810BE74681CA5ECE84139087FF2F" bold="true">D, E</emphasis>
eigyne (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E5VDI" xlink_title="Tongren University">TRU</abbrev>
-
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ECWDI" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0771)
<emphasis id="0423ACA4F17E7FBFB64B9CB73F2B5516" bold="true">A</emphasis>
prolateral
<emphasis id="0DF9721645C83337EE56907CC002A2C0" bold="true">B</emphasis>
ventral
<emphasis id="BE764834962388AF34913DC0759BB5DA" bold="true">C</emphasis>
retrolateral
<emphasis id="1E125665F991EBCF22CC0699E97A0634" bold="true">D</emphasis>
epigyne, ventral
<emphasis id="A249A1017A5709C1711867B98CE11E39" bold="true">E</emphasis>
vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQWDI" xlink_title="copulatory duct">CD</abbrev>
copulatory duct;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EUWDI" xlink_title="copulatory opening">CO</abbrev>
copulatory opening; E embolus;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYWDI" xlink_title="fertilization duct">FD</abbrev>
fertilization duct;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3WDI" xlink_title="posterior tegular lobe">PL</abbrev>
posterior tegular lobe;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EAXDI" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">RTA</abbrev>
retrolateral tibial apophysis; S spermatheca;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EEXDI" xlink_title="tegular bump">TB</abbrev>
tegular bump. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ENXDI" type="description">
<paragraph id="2608F2A17F1BB5489927DBF04DA99774">
<heading id="E23A157D1873BD71A972B28669074EDF" reason="title">Re-description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="34B4852DBB13268A137EF17429B674E0">
<emphasis id="8D137CAECB7F1F564D4E52EF111D2AAE" bold="true">Male</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation id="49D0AC6C24860980E156FC8B65B97C66" captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Copulatory organs of Siler hanoicus Prószyński, 1985 A C male palp (TRU - JS 0770) and D, E eigyne (TRU - JS 0771) A prolateral B ventral C retrolateral D epigyne, ventral E vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; E embolus; FD fertilization duct; PL posterior tegular lobe; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; S spermatheca; TB tegular bump. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201131">25</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="6A01A2C183FF2F93A314A7AC7C6C6790" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Siler hanoicus Prószyński, 1985 A, B, D, E male (TRU - JS 0770) and C female (TRU - JS 0771) A, C habitus, dorsal B ditto, ventral D carapace, frontal E chelicera, posterior. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A D); 0.1 mm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201132">26 A, B, D, E</figureCitation>
). Total length 4.09. Carapace 2.03 long, 1.49 wide. Abdomen 2.11 long, 1.37 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4XDI" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.41,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBYDI" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.21,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EFYDI" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.19,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJYDI" xlink_title="anterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="D330E8B47EF245CD57492E9FC2C67263">AERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.16,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENYDI" xlink_title="posterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="885306C4092E513CE782DB1F5C6EF189">PERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.37,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERYDI" xlink_title="eye field length">EFL</abbrev>
0.94. Legs: I 4.16 (1.35, 0.70, 0.95, 0.73, 0.43), II 3.23 (1.00, 0.50, 0.75, 0.63, 0.35), III 4.07 (1.13, 0.48, 1.18, 0.85, 0.43), IV (1.50, missing, missing, missing, missing). Carapace brown except cephalon dark, covered with pale scales on face and around PMEs; fovea red. Chelicerae yellow, mingled with dark, with two promarginal teeth and one retromarginal tooth. Legs yellow except tibiae I dark, covered with dense, dark, ventral setae on patellae and tibiae I. Dorsum of abdomen dark, mingled with green, with irregular anterior scutum ~ 1 / 3 abdominal length; venter colored as dorsum.
</paragraph>
<caption id="96D0C81C4848DDF075135FCC08A32AE5" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure26" ID-arpha="F34FF3B6-2BFD-5AE8-9528-016E634277C7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201132" startId="F26">
<paragraph id="2A39A020BEE5B4017D9B6E380E728813">
<label id="D54F4C866BA9150F827AEC499190D555">Figure 26.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="282A7DDE7403DE8698388E2C1CDC1BD6">
<taxonomicName id="DC0800CF6ED77D76935F8DFB9CB30F8B" authority="Proszynski, 1985" authorityName="Proszynski" authorityYear="1985" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Siler" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanoicus">
<emphasis id="CA8F26763BA54C8AA30C349937F65D86" italics="true">Siler hanoicus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="025AD83C4595756D5AF3A1F215EEADAC" author="Prószyński J" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici, Warszawa" pagination="69-85" refId="B26" refString="Proszynski J (1985) On Siler, Silerella, Cyllobelus and Natta (Araneae, Salticidae). Annales Zoologici, Warszawa 39: 69 - 85." title="On Siler, Silerella, Cyllobelus and Natta (Araneae, Salticidae)." volume="39" year="1985">Prószyński, 1985</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="FE8E1CE97FA84E75160428D1F84C5A74" bold="true">A, B, D, E</emphasis>
male (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EKZDI" xlink_title="Tongren University">TRU</abbrev>
-
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EOZDI" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0770) and
<emphasis id="CC431FA5F60AB9A4ACF8E1AD54696915" bold="true">C</emphasis>
female (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EUZDI" xlink_title="Tongren University">TRU</abbrev>
-
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYZDI" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0771)
<emphasis id="B0423E3D426015D1B42863981F256EC8" bold="true">A, C</emphasis>
habitus, dorsal
<emphasis id="0DC9B428B63A7971D56E9BB3D7A6CA43" bold="true">B</emphasis>
ditto, ventral
<emphasis id="0B3CE2A1435B2033E584C369297F525B" bold="true">D</emphasis>
carapace, frontal
<emphasis id="36F2172A48A75A402BD48DF1F0650B03" bold="true">E</emphasis>
chelicera, posterior. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (
<emphasis id="B9FF2AAE5F872E43AF544A0F06B97199" bold="true">A D</emphasis>
); 0.1 mm (
<emphasis id="4382F937B45DF574BF0AEB97C646F277" bold="true">E</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="50414AC844342C6A02086D53813A33C7">
<emphasis id="77190F49433D9F991135CE096EF05918" bold="true" italics="true">Palp</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="65A151B21AA059BDE4DBDC61E5DA0394" captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Copulatory organs of Siler hanoicus Prószyński, 1985 A C male palp (TRU - JS 0770) and D, E eigyne (TRU - JS 0771) A prolateral B ventral C retrolateral D epigyne, ventral E vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; E embolus; FD fertilization duct; PL posterior tegular lobe; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; S spermatheca; TB tegular bump. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201131">25 A C</figureCitation>
): femur length / width ratio ca 2.5; patella ~ 1.2 × longer than wide in retrolateral view; tibia ~ as long as wide in retrolateral view; retrolateral tibial apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EY1DI" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="00A3DBB51C36477C015142650141D33E">RTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) strongly sclerotized, curved ventrally to rather pointed tip in retrolateral view; cymbium pale yellow, ~ 1.6 × longer than wide; tegulum length / width ratio ca 1.53, with posteriorly extended posterior lobe (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E31DI" xlink_title="posterior tegular lobe">
<collectionCode id="5173A80B379F64D0719D565DDAF3DD43" country="Czech Republic" name="Západoceské muzeum v Plzni" type="Museum">PL</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) with blunt end, and sub-spherical retrolateral tegular bump (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EA2DI" xlink_title="tegular bump">TB</abbrev>
); embolus (E) originating from most anterior portion of tegulum, slightly curved, and with blunt end.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5CD5A91C58F2F1F3B664747E904EFAF3">
<emphasis id="D1B3A5CA9BB406E7A4C3CF34AFACC35B" bold="true">Female</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation id="BA4499DEF28A10E5AD867559D2A3797A" captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Copulatory organs of Siler hanoicus Prószyński, 1985 A C male palp (TRU - JS 0770) and D, E eigyne (TRU - JS 0771) A prolateral B ventral C retrolateral D epigyne, ventral E vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; E embolus; FD fertilization duct; PL posterior tegular lobe; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; S spermatheca; TB tegular bump. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201131">25 D, E</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="28B1F54AAF30082CF2C040A4748FD9BD" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Siler hanoicus Prószyński, 1985 A, B, D, E male (TRU - JS 0770) and C female (TRU - JS 0771) A, C habitus, dorsal B ditto, ventral D carapace, frontal E chelicera, posterior. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A D); 0.1 mm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201132">26 C</figureCitation>
). Total length 5.14. Carapace 2.29 long, 1.67 wide. Abdomen 2.90 long, 1.81 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQ2DI" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.43,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EU2DI" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.26,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EY2DI" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.26,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E32DI" xlink_title="anterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="8B6C06AB202E3992B1ADD446EF90808B">AERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.48,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EA3DI" xlink_title="posterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="AD415A8C9EF1E0289C915E4818EF5D7C">PERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.60,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EE3DI" xlink_title="eye field length">EFL</abbrev>
1.05. Legs: I 4.61 (1.55, 0.68, 1.10, 0.83, 0.45), II 3.91 (1.25, 0.63, 0.88, 0.75, 0.40), III 4.64 (1.38, 0.63, 1.00, 1.13, 0.50), IV 6.18 (1.68, 0.80, 1.50, 1.70, 0.50). Carapace (Fig.
<figureCitation id="6FC9EAA19D5189A6D52DBAB24C1182EB" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Siler hanoicus Prószyński, 1985 A, B, D, E male (TRU - JS 0770) and C female (TRU - JS 0771) A, C habitus, dorsal B ditto, ventral D carapace, frontal E chelicera, posterior. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A D); 0.1 mm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201132">26 C</figureCitation>
) similar to that of male. Dorsum of abdomen (Fig.
<figureCitation id="4F955E8A51A7E08C9B603201C2FAA450" captionStart="Figure 26" captionStartId="F26" captionText="Figure 26. Siler hanoicus Prószyński, 1985 A, B, D, E male (TRU - JS 0770) and C female (TRU - JS 0771) A, C habitus, dorsal B ditto, ventral D carapace, frontal E chelicera, posterior. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A D); 0.1 mm (E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure26" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201132">26 C</figureCitation>
) with inconsecutive, anterior, orange, arc-shaped setal stripes followed by alternate pale and dark setal patches; venter dark.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE117055691902C47C2791D1673C3052">
<emphasis id="717A147C57CB8C05FA641E4156823B8C" bold="true" italics="true">Epigyne</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="B432BAD4F58A12CBEABECCB44D8CEBC2" captionStart="Figure 25" captionStartId="F25" captionText="Figure 25. Copulatory organs of Siler hanoicus Prószyński, 1985 A C male palp (TRU - JS 0770) and D, E eigyne (TRU - JS 0771) A prolateral B ventral C retrolateral D epigyne, ventral E vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; E embolus; FD fertilization duct; PL posterior tegular lobe; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; S spermatheca; TB tegular bump. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201131">25 D, E</figureCitation>
) sub-triangular; atrium (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E23DI" xlink_title="atrium">At</abbrev>
) anteriorly located, with arc-shaped lateral ridges (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E63DI" xlink_title="atrial ridge">AR</abbrev>
); copulatory openings (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ED4DI" xlink_title="copulatory opening">CO</abbrev>
) small, partly visible; copulatory ducts (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EH4DI" xlink_title="copulatory duct">
<collectionCode id="65BE09B15DD6883B4BF1E562BFA2C0C0">CD</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) thick, posteriorly extended; spermathecae (S) touching each other, spherical.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EL4DI" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="960812666EB7A157E6313322545F1912">
<heading id="672A700391C45B18B8669C4BDADF2297" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4C56E7DED70372D7442B1B4DFEC8332A">
<collectingCountry id="375CA51245629F7D90DB1F0EDB304398" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="6093CD2B173C65DCD05598AC23BD0E1D" country="China" name="Guangxi">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
; Fig.
<figureCitation id="F15E9E7BCCE562172247289C8B9DB9B4" captionStart="Figure 48" captionStartId="F48" captionText="Figure 48. Distributional records of Irura qiuhangi sp. nov., Myrmarachne kuan sp. nov., Nandicius xiefengi sp. nov., Padillothorax exilis (Cao &amp; Li, 2016), Pancorius yingjiang sp. nov., Siler hanoicus Prószyński, 1985, Simaetha hainan sp. nov., Synagelides yidei sp. nov., and S. zilongi sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201157">48</figureCitation>
);
<collectingCountry id="3AE2E8555588041FAF37071D115F95D0" name="Vietnam">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="D3DE8A83C480370AED8AF54B3A8655DD" country="Vietnam" name="Ha Noi">Hanoi</collectingRegion>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,352 @@
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<mods:detail id="7BDD155E693B40B85FF3F20EF49C7E22" type="volume">
<mods:number id="927170A55B19B6E522936710E7A879AC">1221</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="9385D29F85C0A816E098063F8A6B35F1" unit="page">
<mods:start id="BC8B4482F5E769A347D77816E722E818">205</mods:start>
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</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="F44F33031828C7528794900A8E634CD3">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="ADCB89C27C99D73B1F0FC0610F3DC51F" type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="DDB24C0DD931E1BBE0B1CF6AD134FC65" type="ZooBank">B61D8EFC-2753-4B88-8A36-DAB1F37D96BB</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="503DAD8A4E1E5D43BB9EAFA379550209" ID-arpha="503DAD8A-4E1E-5D43-BB9E-AFA379550209" ID-zoobank="https://zoobank.org/277A2491-14F1-4E0A-871C-9D4BF0506035" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:503DAD8A4E1E5D43BB9EAFA379550209" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:277A2491-14F1-4E0A-871C-9D4BF0506035" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/503DAD8A4E1E5D43BB9EAFA379550209">
<subSubSection id="7D16C662702BF51A7FC16D3EBEB53DFD" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="DDD81F4EDDFE32648BF56C7E7A8194C1">
<taxonomicName id="B40999CA55EC584A79BA0C4286F38C2D" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Nandicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xiefengi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="6C5408247255784588E491FFEA81B839" italics="true">Nandicius xiefengi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="AE98AFC857D43A461E54CC52F127EE0B" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="70E83A7B4F265A4AC37FEC71925C5AB7" type="description">
<paragraph id="A4A3B12C68D626E0D554CB49903EC587">
<figureCitation id="44CB221673834A3C9BA50AA9C3A54C6B" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Male palp of Nandicius xiefengi sp. nov., holotype A prolateral B ventral C retrolateral. Abbreviations: DTA dorsal tibial apophysis; E embolus; PL posterior tegular lobe; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; TB tegular bump. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201119">Figs 14</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="71D5BB7CD78263D0BEAC10BFF059DBA7" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Nandicius xiefengi sp. nov. C, D, F, G male holotype and A, B, E female paratype (TRU - JS 0753) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, E habitus, dorsal D ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; AR atrial ridge; At atrium; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201120">15</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="EEEE9623C5787819E1FEADED2A4C26C7" captionStart="Figure 48" captionStartId="F48" captionText="Figure 48. Distributional records of Irura qiuhangi sp. nov., Myrmarachne kuan sp. nov., Nandicius xiefengi sp. nov., Padillothorax exilis (Cao &amp; Li, 2016), Pancorius yingjiang sp. nov., Siler hanoicus Prószyński, 1985, Simaetha hainan sp. nov., Synagelides yidei sp. nov., and S. zilongi sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201157">48</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ELSAI" type="type material">
<paragraph id="248C905E40657BBBBC8E952751DABBD6">
<heading id="94D783CA2354C43339A51AB875BCBD1F" reason="title">Type material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FEFF6A6E84067D5DEF22A6FC955E6A99">
<materialsCitation id="36899C5C020BDD1D80FD84CB99101738" collectingDate="2024-05-27" collectionCode="TRU" collectorName="X. F. Wang." country="China" county="Medog County" elevation="1740" latitude="29.4955" location="Damu Township" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="95.431" municipality="Autonomous Region" specimenCode="JS 0752" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Xizang" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="3B91E06D6D00B64D39AA1420489E9264" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="1659E8B7E4F82BD7324B84233507C8CF" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="6EFCEF41D9B7BC711C007D2F314B2FD3" count="1" type="male"></specimenCount>
(
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EWSAI" xlink_title="Tongren University">
<collectionCode id="F3F9B21501EDEF14802E245E648463F6" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">TRU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
-
<specimenCode id="4F871EF0536FCCFA64A41DA4135DE182" collectionCode="TRU" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E1SAI" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0752
</specimenCode>
),
<collectingCountry id="385D8552A44BB000288364AB7CFF8F53" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
: •
<collectingRegion id="1F4C3BD28B874D7A38B041814E183898" country="China" name="Xizang">Xizang</collectingRegion>
<collectingMunicipality id="216F8F75AE3978CFD12E79200103E069">Autonomous Region</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="F06D84406E14CE4919EE9B6B85E3CC96">Medog County</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="4381E2E16C2E6464879BEF70B3E92FDE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:503DAD8A4E1E5D43BB9EAFA379550209:4381E2E16C2E6464879BEF70B3E92FDE" country="China" county="Medog County" latitude="29.4955" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="95.431" municipality="Autonomous Region" name="Damu Township" stateProvince="Xizang">Damu Township</location>
,
<location id="13322E2B0050BF431A6B49B6517451D1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:503DAD8A4E1E5D43BB9EAFA379550209:13322E2B0050BF431A6B49B6517451D1" country="China" county="Medog County" latitude="29.4955" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="95.431" municipality="Autonomous Region" name="Zhu Village" stateProvince="Xizang">Zhu Village</location>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EBTAI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[95.431000,29.495500]}">
<geoCoordinate id="07BC4969427092BBF9967AAE7AFB3FD8" degrees="29" direction="north" minutes="29.73" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="29.4955">29 ° 29.73 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="91D6080F7E640957E64EC0D548CD2051" degrees="95" direction="east" minutes="25.86" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="95.431">95 ° 25.86 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
, ca
<quantity id="D461945F7FF71ABA469595A5ED7E5DC3" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7399999999999998" unit="m" value="1740.0">
<elevation id="C1DB5C739B5A78424C1942F0C438716C" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7399999999999998" unit="m" value="1740.0">1740 m</elevation>
</quantity>
),
<date id="44B4154E55208EEBB45F60C0A80A581E" value="2024-05-27">
<collectingDate id="B964BB56A0FED8430324A3CC0B643641" value="2024-05-27">27. V. 2024</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="852202B3A7DE0EB233455AE45D975D5A">X. F. Wang.</collectorName>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
<emphasis id="07403A9E648911761ED6DD095C546164" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="5544E9F221970E775536E018AC7E05A8" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="F0604C390572CAF146BA050806D9DDD7" count="1" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
(
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJTAI" xlink_title="Tongren University">
<collectionCode id="3F04010EB5CD89EDDBB6320826D85A74" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">TRU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
-
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENTAI" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0753), same data as for
<typeStatus id="2FCD99CF6A86FAF0903BADC8E41CD921" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ERTAI" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="6994F5E500CFDE82B35075EE55C71530">
<heading id="9F2B7A3DF2E542001B5FC222E94CF6EA" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B748722C679FA84371917BC028994BD">The specific name is a patronym in honor of the collector; noun (name) in the genitive case.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EWTAI" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="17CF4FC1E67420F3E077800F60F3AACF">
<heading id="D216420B17104601031C67F12035B2F6" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F661226595D7F42585418E9CE3FF6CD8">
The male of
<taxonomicName id="1185961C8F979A94A94121BD6E62D1D7" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Nandicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xiefengi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="DEF5DE0682E4ABD92799C0445D6A6F22" italics="true">Nandicius xiefengi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="698F63A20270A2C0B95FD4578D6E1B54" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
resembles that of
<taxonomicName id="B7DA253A2AE7C1563535D6C60D7AF1D9" authority="(Hu, 2001)" baseAuthorityName="Hu" baseAuthorityYear="2001" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Nandicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gyirongensis">
<emphasis id="9966C3584B7C501E92CFDE52AEE010D0" italics="true">N. gyirongensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="9D1DE605A551160A014030665D64B00F" author="Hu JL" refId="B7" refString="Hu JL (2001) Spiders in Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of China. Henan Science and Technology Publishing House, 658 pp." year="2001">Hu, 2001</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
in having similar retrolateral tibial apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ESUAI" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="4DDE4765FD6A04EB3AAE6F6D2FA4A4CF">RTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
), but can be easily distinguished by the following: 1) embolus (E) curved towards antero-retrolateral side (Fig.
<figureCitation id="B985CC71A183B183620A3A9EB6C29B89" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Male palp of Nandicius xiefengi sp. nov., holotype A prolateral B ventral C retrolateral. Abbreviations: DTA dorsal tibial apophysis; E embolus; PL posterior tegular lobe; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; TB tegular bump. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201119">14 B</figureCitation>
) vs antero-prolateral side (
<bibRefCitation id="719B7F80092D51C1744A7400BA357ABC" DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5447.2.1" author="Yang and Zhang" firstAuthor="Yang" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pagination="151-187" refId="B38" refString="Yang ZY, Zhang JX (2024) On eight species of Chrysillini from Xizang, China (Araneae: Salticidae: Salticinae). Zootaxa 5447 (2): 151187. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5447.2.1" title="On eight species of Chrysillini from Xizang, China (Araneae: Salticidae: Salticinae)." volume="5447" year="2024">Yang and Zhang 2024</bibRefCitation>
: figs 155, 161); 2) posterior tegular lobe (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E5UAI" xlink_title="posterior tegular lobe">
<collectionCode id="57B8CB2B46592EE285F70C35F79879AE" country="Czech Republic" name="Západoceské muzeum v Plzni" type="Museum">PL</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) extending posteriorly (Fig.
<figureCitation id="3C53139E55411C6DFEF66F35180E70AD" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Male palp of Nandicius xiefengi sp. nov., holotype A prolateral B ventral C retrolateral. Abbreviations: DTA dorsal tibial apophysis; E embolus; PL posterior tegular lobe; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; TB tegular bump. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201119">14 B</figureCitation>
) vs extending prolatero-posteriorly (
<bibRefCitation id="0778D640C6CB8A2D154334FEC5480227" DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5447.2.1" author="Yang and Zhang" firstAuthor="Yang" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pagination="151-187" refId="B38" refString="Yang ZY, Zhang JX (2024) On eight species of Chrysillini from Xizang, China (Araneae: Salticidae: Salticinae). Zootaxa 5447 (2): 151187. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5447.2.1" title="On eight species of Chrysillini from Xizang, China (Araneae: Salticidae: Salticinae)." volume="5447" year="2024">Yang and Zhang 2024</bibRefCitation>
: figs 155, 161). The female of
<taxonomicName id="BD8EAAE50FD706E2939D6889478020F6" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Nandicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xiefengi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="F3B8ABA06AAEBA74A23865AAE06FDC05" italics="true">N. xiefengi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B2ACD9F258BCD9E69F6856A1EC75D153" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
can be easily distinguished from congeners by the anteriorly located epigynal hood (H) (Fig.
<figureCitation id="7ED4DDEAD1621A51AD33ABAFA04EB20D" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Nandicius xiefengi sp. nov. C, D, F, G male holotype and A, B, E female paratype (TRU - JS 0753) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, E habitus, dorsal D ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; AR atrial ridge; At atrium; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201120">15 A</figureCitation>
) vs posteriorly located in the others (see
<bibRefCitation id="CD186FACE74FD9FA9B0EB08AEF8C1ADA" author="Metzner" firstAuthor="Metzner" refId="B21" refString="Metzner H (2024) Jumping spiders (Arachnida: Araneae: Salticidae) of the world. [Accessed 10 Jul. 2024] https://www.jumping-spiders.com" url="https://www.jumping-spiders.com" year="2024">Metzner 2024</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="AD13B6E0852276D40D9B49AAC202490B" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure15" ID-arpha="89FA2A01-4A31-584B-B978-FB7D4949BE15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201120" startId="F15">
<paragraph id="EBC765A2A7C701BEEF33463B833DFB1D">
<label id="85B44FA010AAAE1EF572C044C03736CE">Figure 15.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AE1B3FAF499A9396643490D5F10EC8BF">
<taxonomicName id="EE7D93DBFBAC22A2B563FF4012122FDD" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Nandicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xiefengi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="2B876BED27760A81B60886544D8B42ED" italics="true">Nandicius xiefengi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5D9B27448554FA1EF8D0C6CE946F29B6" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="8D4C328B95CACB3BCEE6BF9BAC7B7424" bold="true">C, D, F, G</emphasis>
male holotype and
<emphasis id="80C763E15946A876A0F60B8922372D54" bold="true">A, B, E</emphasis>
female paratype (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EUWAI" xlink_title="Tongren University">TRU</abbrev>
-
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYWAI" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0753)
<emphasis id="485D72D6A00CB947D7C3F7ED1892A446" bold="true">A</emphasis>
epigyne, ventral
<emphasis id="BF29D1D80DF5BA2FC662F8CACC54BFCB" bold="true">B</emphasis>
vulva, dorsal
<emphasis id="260808F122D736E67551F1FB89FCEE7E" bold="true">C</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="BC6CD29764056E10C11D57B8975694C5" bold="true">E</emphasis>
habitus, dorsal
<emphasis id="26011C1C2AE72D49555F7047A2C4BADA" bold="true">D</emphasis>
ditto, ventral
<emphasis id="DF70018C5396B478E754E7F216171C01" bold="true">F</emphasis>
carapace, frontal
<emphasis id="137E8EBBB5D745F35ABF781034B55BBF" bold="true">G</emphasis>
chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EKXAI" xlink_title="accessory gland">AG</abbrev>
accessory gland;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EOXAI" xlink_title="atrial ridge">AR</abbrev>
atrial ridge;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ESXAI" xlink_title="atrium">At</abbrev>
atrium;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EWXAI" xlink_title="copulatory duct">CD</abbrev>
copulatory duct;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E1XAI" xlink_title="copulatory opening">CO</abbrev>
copulatory opening;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E5XAI" xlink_title="fertilization duct">FD</abbrev>
fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (
<emphasis id="CA9FA0A42BBB82C6BBC6F6A256EE9F14" bold="true">A, B, G</emphasis>
); 0.5 mm (
<emphasis id="8DD3670E0E29FA8EDF19871D54B9AE45" bold="true">C F</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ELYAI" type="description">
<paragraph id="0A9A310616F28126CBEA7C13CC33607D">
<heading id="67E70779E6BD62D489BDFDC9E52F71B0" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4EA9D4959D969F74D2E911F5822FF7D">
<emphasis id="53C3D38198F93C2FD55712E133E08F36" bold="true">Male</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation id="1DCA8851C7A0D371D82238585E475B4E" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Male palp of Nandicius xiefengi sp. nov., holotype A prolateral B ventral C retrolateral. Abbreviations: DTA dorsal tibial apophysis; E embolus; PL posterior tegular lobe; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; TB tegular bump. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201119">14</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="A58226CF7C35A747A34563E3F4F9B4A0" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Nandicius xiefengi sp. nov. C, D, F, G male holotype and A, B, E female paratype (TRU - JS 0753) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, E habitus, dorsal D ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; AR atrial ridge; At atrium; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201120">15 C, D, F, G</figureCitation>
). Total length 3.68. Carapace 1.84 long, 1.32 wide. Abdomen 1.95 long, 1.08 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E2YAI" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.34,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E6YAI" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.16,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EDZAI" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.15,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EHZAI" xlink_title="anterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="439D42FDAEDDCA89A44A6028C87E972D">AERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.08,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ELZAI" xlink_title="posterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="9AE2FB21A190582ABE8B60EF7175E2CB">PERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.11,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EPZAI" xlink_title="eye field length">EFL</abbrev>
0.81. Legs: I 3.88 (1.05, 0.65, 0.90, 0.90, 0.38), II 2.64 (0.78, 0.48, 0.60, 0.45, 0.33), III 2.74 (0.93, 0.43, 0.50, 0.53, 0.35), IV 3.12 (0.93, 0.43, 0.70, 0.68, 0.38). Carapace mainly dark brown, with pair of elongated, dark patches centrally on cephalon, and longitudinal, orange band extending from middle between PMEs to posterior end, covered with dense pale and dark setae. Chelicerae orange, with two promarginal teeth and one retromarginal tooth. Legs pale except legs I mottled with dark. Dorsum of abdomen mainly green-brown, with longitudinal, irregular pale patch extended over whole surface, and two pairs of median muscle depressions; venter pale laterally, and dark brown centrally, with pair of longitudinal, central dotted lines.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7449B83C5BE0F7BFD7D241E658559B96">
<emphasis id="BF9A09A13CAB36D8FA706A90C10E152E" bold="true" italics="true">Palp</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="7D75AD78A6303E08DBEF994E75C59656" captionStart="Figure 14" captionStartId="F14" captionText="Figure 14. Male palp of Nandicius xiefengi sp. nov., holotype A prolateral B ventral C retrolateral. Abbreviations: DTA dorsal tibial apophysis; E embolus; PL posterior tegular lobe; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; TB tegular bump. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure14" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201119">14 A C</figureCitation>
): femur length / width ratio ca 3.2; patella almost as long as wide in retrolateral view; tibia ~ 1.3 × wider than long in retrolateral view; retrolateral tibial apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E5ZAI" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="A4D20031B2C0A08BD69378E59255D9D6">RTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) strongly sclerotized, curved medially, and with rather blunt tip; dorsal tibial apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EC1AI" xlink_title="dorsal tibial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="513FF1B41DDF613D17E6F4122699D27D">DTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) sub-triangular; cymbium ~ 1.6 × longer than wide, with hollow against embolus; tegulum longer than cymbium, swollen medio-posteriorly, with posteriorly extended posterior lobe (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EG1AI" xlink_title="posterior tegular lobe">
<collectionCode id="3DD9585B202F08931452D777DE018B82" country="Czech Republic" name="Západoceské muzeum v Plzni" type="Museum">PL</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
), and disto-retrolateral bump (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EK1AI" xlink_title="tegular bump">TB</abbrev>
); embolus (E) strongly sclerotized, short, slightly curved, with rather blunt end.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A6CABECC992BB759EEA8C05BDAD58CA">
<emphasis id="4C100BE034FF34EDF0318FCDF7272FFC" bold="true">Female</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="370424D3CB5BC7A223C631FA56F34099" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Nandicius xiefengi sp. nov. C, D, F, G male holotype and A, B, E female paratype (TRU - JS 0753) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, E habitus, dorsal D ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; AR atrial ridge; At atrium; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201120">15 A, B, E</figureCitation>
). Total length 4.24. Carapace 1.68 long, 1.14 wide. Abdomen 2.41 long, 1.46 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EW1AI" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.32,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E11AI" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.16,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E51AI" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.16,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EC2AI" xlink_title="anterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="713B762E4E30AEA884027024AC8B54A4">AERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
0.98,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EG2AI" xlink_title="posterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="2CEDCAE8B4BCAE85C2E988DE238D8D87">PERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.06,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EK2AI" xlink_title="eye field length">EFL</abbrev>
0.71. Legs: I 2.56 (0.75, 0.50, 0.63, 0.38, 0.30), II 2.31 (0.70, 0.45, 0.53, 0.35, 0.28), III 2.56 (0.78, 0.43, 0.50, 0.55, 0.30), IV 3.29 (1.03, 0.48, 0.80, 0.68, 0.30). Habitus (Fig.
<figureCitation id="27942C9DA5817A9CD0A76ED779037120" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Nandicius xiefengi sp. nov. C, D, F, G male holotype and A, B, E female paratype (TRU - JS 0753) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, E habitus, dorsal D ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; AR atrial ridge; At atrium; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201120">15 E</figureCitation>
) similar to that of male but paler.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="40DB731CEDB9732AEA2E814770932048">
<emphasis id="9D6B971BC683FA151DFEBFFD602B5B8B" bold="true" italics="true">Epigyne</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="0E61784644DC0BD4E752D32D01E5DFDB" captionStart="Figure 15" captionStartId="F15" captionText="Figure 15. Nandicius xiefengi sp. nov. C, D, F, G male holotype and A, B, E female paratype (TRU - JS 0753) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, E habitus, dorsal D ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; AR atrial ridge; At atrium; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure15" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201120">15 A, B</figureCitation>
)&gt; 2 × wider than long, with pair of anterior hoods (H) lateral to atrium (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E42AI" xlink_title="atrium">At</abbrev>
); atrium almost square, with pair of lateral auricle-shaped ridges (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EB3AI" xlink_title="atrial ridge">AR</abbrev>
); copulatory openings (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EF3AI" xlink_title="copulatory opening">CO</abbrev>
) posteriorly located on atrium, irregular; copulatory ducts (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJ3AI" xlink_title="copulatory duct">
<collectionCode id="E2CBB33971170880757B6EEC17A79450">CD</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) strongly curved circularly at proximal, then curved to C-shape, with bar-shaped, terminal accessory glands (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EN3AI" xlink_title="accessory gland">
<collectionCode id="136A6F8153BF914A62DA25FC1EF7A0D9">AG</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
); spermathecae (S) sub-spherical, with antero-inner extensions.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ER3AI" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="F39BAA79AB7C5309392BB9E794BC057F">
<heading id="29BF84C44F00C9861E6E0B8E3C2D6B9C" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E79E723406C745E9403C9AA1A4FBE5BA">
Known only from the
<typeStatus id="79C9DB65A394C00DF8C7C51DE64AB407">type</typeStatus>
locality in
<collectingRegion id="137BD804B33A9132A645599280035BE3" country="China" name="Xizang">Xizang</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="B64A9B24E9201EE49DBE0BB22DC37B32" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="AB5CD7F37AF723C1BD32FA1305DADC99" captionStart="Figure 48" captionStartId="F48" captionText="Figure 48. Distributional records of Irura qiuhangi sp. nov., Myrmarachne kuan sp. nov., Nandicius xiefengi sp. nov., Padillothorax exilis (Cao &amp; Li, 2016), Pancorius yingjiang sp. nov., Siler hanoicus Prószyński, 1985, Simaetha hainan sp. nov., Synagelides yidei sp. nov., and S. zilongi sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201157">48</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,328 @@
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<mods:title id="7FCA8F4371D0FB3AE2B5A9588A26D875">Taxonomic notes of jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae) from Guangxi, Hainan, Sichuan, Xizang and Yunnan, China</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C9B977D925C52F9DFDB74D2A23E8B449">Wang, Cheng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D706C4F1C321ED13519060C4A3BE5330">Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in the Fanjing Mountain Region, Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou 554300, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="94624DE0C60ABD70B09708F1D3925BB8">Mi, Xiaoqi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F48F95976F6BC03AA95C4F06E642C162">Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in the Fanjing Mountain Region, Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou 554300, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A5861405F477AA11CD45E46D8877E0E6">Li, Shuqiang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7A00E71B16C405B438FC277BE4F25BDF">Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China &amp; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="FD6BB7F0E37B1CA6D50ABF5A8C464342">Xu, Xiang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D129CBF69F10ADD1BF1D7C868483C4FF">College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="5112326346FEDF93C8F3F3C98BCCE67B" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="49B0C06135986CF5DBDE2811D5829ABA">
<taxonomicName id="3EA291A5AC6BED5890BA0F713BD4F537" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Mintonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shiwandashan" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FE71360B0CC5FCC41A4FF45BD1C9787E" italics="true">Mintonia shiwandashan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="ECCD8B9EB848E20BEFC083154B6BFEBE" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="555C732A03F5B0F2030D81147D0FF2FE" type="description">
<paragraph id="C1736F3C989B200938B04B20A3F6A448">
<figureCitation id="C6D285C569CB83297653CE2185B484BF" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Mintonia shiwandashan sp. nov., holotype A palp, ventral B ditto, retrolateral C ditto, dorsal D habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: BTA baso-retrolateral tibial apophysis; DTA dorsal tibial apophysis; E embolus; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; VTA ventral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A C, G); 0.5 mm (D F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201116">Figs 11</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="BDCA739FE7B66D488F68E2BD0D7111F1" captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="F47" captionText="Figure 47. Distributional records of Cheliceroides jinxini sp. nov., Dendroicius qiong sp. nov., Icius deergong sp. nov., I. yarlungzangbo sp. nov., Mintonia shiwandashan sp. nov., Okinawicius nepalicus (Andreeva, Hęciak &amp; Prószyński, 1984), Pancorius medog sp. nov., Piranthus maddisoni sp. nov., Stertinius lhoba sp. nov., Synagelides kongmingi sp. nov., S. yunchangi sp. nov., S. xuandei sp. nov., Yaginumaella daweishan sp. nov., Y. moinba sp. nov., and Y. pingbian sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201156">47</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E5SBG" type="type material">
<paragraph id="A1EBD207726D3E646DA7EF31AEDDF11B">
<heading id="1D874CB63D7BAF36C69AC0562D2B9DD0" reason="title">Type material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="462772E3B5640630AE1922BCA0148F89">
<materialsCitation id="93AB1039AE54755A6CB9C42D453E9109" collectingDate="2021-04-30" collectionCode="TRU" collectorName="A. L. He" country="China" county="Autonomous Region" elevation="310" latitude="21.903833" location="Shiwandashan National Nature Reverse" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="107.903" municipality="Fangchenggang City" specimenCode="JS 0743" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Guangxi" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="59B16E72DBA4B2E7EB4184C0AF37D093" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="8927B8DA9B1F4C5FC591124AD534BC13" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="E39DBB84E4EDC5BF7B046BDA24DED170" count="1" type="male"></specimenCount>
(
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJTBG" xlink_title="Tongren University">
<collectionCode id="70A9FCE349D130E885A8ACCADB28AA49" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">TRU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
-
<specimenCode id="8C1B870C4E80A9B6E71FA8DC584FD53D" collectionCode="TRU" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENTBG" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0743
</specimenCode>
),
<collectingCountry id="F4C142AF8E53E83C782900F805FA6A1D" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
: •
<collectingRegion id="73C048CD45C4E7C834BF147D35F29F63" country="China" name="Guangxi">Guangxi Zhuang</collectingRegion>
<collectingCounty id="A6344273E2F8699E282F421A679E8616">Autonomous Region</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="39E30388009C16D998E3538486079321">Fangchenggang City</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="B829F8A8A1D78E2517E30F04DFEDFFBE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:50F4192F4850561AB16E6C85C4008CCD:B829F8A8A1D78E2517E30F04DFEDFFBE" country="China" county="Autonomous Region" latitude="21.903833" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="107.903" municipality="Fangchenggang City" name="Shiwandashan National Nature Reverse" stateProvince="Guangxi">Shiwandashan National Nature Reverse</location>
,
<location id="BF78826FB5A11E8557337DEFC2D47058" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:50F4192F4850561AB16E6C85C4008CCD:BF78826FB5A11E8557337DEFC2D47058" country="China" county="Autonomous Region" latitude="21.903833" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="107.903" municipality="Fangchenggang City" name="Wanglue Station" stateProvince="Guangxi">Wanglue Station</location>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EUTBG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[107.903000,21.903833]}">
<geoCoordinate id="F9294CD6C643A288BA7D0C6A01C8884E" degrees="21" direction="north" minutes="54.23" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="21.903833">21 ° 54.23 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="5B1C58226CA3C6AB8CA2446A3665554D" degrees="107" direction="east" minutes="54.18" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="107.903">107 ° 54.18 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
, ca
<quantity id="66BA79640C1CDED89B47272231806DCA" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" unit="m" value="310.0">
<elevation id="B27A40ACF38317609F9C5C2324C9E114" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" unit="m" value="310.0">310 m</elevation>
</quantity>
),
<date id="1D6FDE0FC5D3BCC767A98E42FE369AE9" value="2021-04-30">
<collectingDate id="B7ACB0E08BFB8621D7EFECFCE321ABF3" value="2021-04-30">30. IV. 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="BC48C71823B8DF9568EB51697F1575D2">A. L. He</collectorName>
et al. leg.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EZTBG" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="474C3EA18EF4DDCB3FE478B5A5DE7AFC">
<heading id="CB575975056994BE133EA301DC12FD48" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0013E071B343BD6F2808705509C7A325">
The specific name refers to the
<typeStatus id="5AC75C0258BDFE1D778420D167F0D16A">type</typeStatus>
locality: Shiwandashan National Nature Reverse; noun in apposition.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E5TBG" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="B131E78F3667B46B3D374DBA1B0FE770">
<heading id="B924D35B6C125975A393630589FE0B75" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="06F08936DA8D585F64F0E4D334C6AE1A">
<taxonomicName id="096DD31E84CFEB91B6AD1FC17F747157" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Mintonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shiwandashan" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B7A05BED836BAD69AB7F85DADCED6AC4" italics="true">Mintonia shiwandashan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C7E187568EC9F95D106E54CBC522D291" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
resembles
<taxonomicName id="AED818CFE4AFEC69B23DA1088261E330" authority="Wanless, 1984" authorityName="Wanless" authorityYear="1984" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Mintonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="breviramis">
<emphasis id="7550FCB69368DA2408D53FDA9C01D5BA" italics="true">M. breviramis</emphasis>
Wanless,
<quantity id="47619F472CE66CFD5E76E8149CF09150" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.03936" unit="in" value="1984.0">1984 in</quantity>
</taxonomicName>
having very short embolus (E), but can be easily distinguished by the presence of baso-retrolateral and dorsal tibial apophyses, and by the bifurcated retrolateral tibial apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E1UBG" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="4D8AF48D92DCD2150A4EC0C51A3CC00B">RTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) (Fig.
<figureCitation id="E9A13A5F9C99EC8A74C6EB937EE2E49C" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Mintonia shiwandashan sp. nov., holotype A palp, ventral B ditto, retrolateral C ditto, dorsal D habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: BTA baso-retrolateral tibial apophysis; DTA dorsal tibial apophysis; E embolus; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; VTA ventral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A C, G); 0.5 mm (D F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201116">11 B, C</figureCitation>
) vs lacking baso-retrolateral and dorsal tibial apophyses and having non-bifurcated retrolateral tibial apophysis (
<bibRefCitation id="EB5607947A993D1B0D74ECD2EA357C6E" DOI="10.5962/bhl.part.15964" author="Wanless" firstAuthor="Wanless" journalOrPublisher=")" pagination="135-205" refId="B34" refString="Wanless (1984) A review of the spider subfamily Spartaeinae nom. n. (Araneae: Salticidae) with descriptions of six new genera. Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History (Zool.) 46: 135205. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.15964" title="A review of the spider subfamily Spartaeinae nom. n. (Araneae: Salticidae) with descriptions of six new genera. Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History (Zool." volume="46" year="1984">Wanless 1984</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 12 A, B).
</paragraph>
<caption id="C6C08395B71D1B338939BCAD44B1C210" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure11" ID-arpha="DB536EF8-C204-5450-A3CB-0A3A84B3BBB8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201116" startId="F11">
<paragraph id="5A8707CB3AF619CAE3C83224CB831FE2">
<label id="6F7F8CD27D121EB7418AF6FE283A68FD">Figure 11.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="29E4859B828280D2F285212492FB9002">
<taxonomicName id="9CC1A72EC454C239EF28592486C2E9B8" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Mintonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shiwandashan" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="75433F4F96156F142F4FFA230FF74FEC" italics="true">Mintonia shiwandashan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8E52F9DA20036700F290DCDA7AA57741" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype
<emphasis id="0F706163149A4BCBBFF69B324CDEDF5E" bold="true">A</emphasis>
palp, ventral
<emphasis id="19FF75EF29137C95155BE3163A4ECA6A" bold="true">B</emphasis>
ditto, retrolateral
<emphasis id="3EBC13C92902AF33A3C8E55159A7E6D3" bold="true">C</emphasis>
ditto, dorsal
<emphasis id="965C67BFFAEEF8EBF37CBEC6802C6C95" bold="true">D</emphasis>
habitus, dorsal
<emphasis id="49E435DA973A4626804C56BD2C4BC192" bold="true">E</emphasis>
ditto, ventral
<emphasis id="1C3C0D2EAD29B2D9E57983CF37C1AE84" bold="true">F</emphasis>
carapace, frontal
<emphasis id="E8F2FFA538EF711A8A1B6052FA0F78AC" bold="true">G</emphasis>
chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EHWBG" xlink_title="baso-retrolateral tibial apophysis">BTA</abbrev>
baso-retrolateral tibial apophysis;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ELWBG" xlink_title="dorsal tibial apophysis">DTA</abbrev>
dorsal tibial apophysis; E embolus;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EPWBG" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">RTA</abbrev>
retrolateral tibial apophysis;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ETWBG" xlink_title="ventral tibial apophysis">VTA</abbrev>
ventral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (
<emphasis id="E003683FF4B935400E73F4B31E8755EB" bold="true">A C, G</emphasis>
); 0.5 mm (
<emphasis id="FD8D9D079D09C2670EF391A5DD50F2CA" bold="true">D F</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="C0B26BE9D1F2833B5507313C48525544" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure12" ID-arpha="9BB6ABF6-674D-5434-8860-C4BC0F730803" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201117" startId="F12">
<paragraph id="DAC0800DD8B97485BFBF2478833A815A">
<label id="C8B4DB106A0A5F4868BB219328BB1EA9">Figure 12.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="799E0388E4B219BFA43DB60B2FD178E6">
Male palp of
<taxonomicName id="40F1E8D05C50228789CD671037595C78" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Myrmarachne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kuan" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="A7D83E678B3548944C63372C86A1A900" italics="true">Myrmarachne kuan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B5D744F6532B0948A3EA5B246A4F9455" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, paratype (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ETXBG" xlink_title="Tongren University">TRU</abbrev>
-
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EXXBG" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0745)
<emphasis id="7244D29E476BEA39EEAE7B78C67A10A4" bold="true">A</emphasis>
ventral
<emphasis id="0D2E12EA5CE84B29352503880F16DB76" bold="true">B</emphasis>
retrolateral
<emphasis id="7B68FBBEC1048F645E1848E64C414FDD" bold="true">C</emphasis>
dorsal. Abbreviations: E embolus;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBYBG" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">RTA</abbrev>
retrolateral tibial apophysis;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EFYBG" xlink_title="sperm duct">SD</abbrev>
sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EOYBG" type="description">
<paragraph id="9A88CC2514A9EB838E75CE4A7F0D9A21">
<heading id="C0BCF5F2312CEBEB3F8AE0B53BE686A0" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EDDD11572A8E11EE4FADC306928AB623">
<emphasis id="575D3FC891E991342301E5FC42183DAB" bold="true">Male</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="E3C5DF6D204E247D8331E03C5DEB62DB" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Mintonia shiwandashan sp. nov., holotype A palp, ventral B ditto, retrolateral C ditto, dorsal D habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: BTA baso-retrolateral tibial apophysis; DTA dorsal tibial apophysis; E embolus; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; VTA ventral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A C, G); 0.5 mm (D F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201116">11</figureCitation>
). Total length 5.10. Carapace 2.43 long, 2.05 wide. Abdomen 2.62 long, 1.71 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E1YBG" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.62,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E5YBG" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.38,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ECZBG" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.34,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EGZBG" xlink_title="anterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="0B9C87B96CEA45FE1D324807F16A0A18">AERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
2.00,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EKZBG" xlink_title="posterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="40F5D0EC5C053ED1023EADCDEE3B0033">PERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.86,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EOZBG" xlink_title="eye field length">EFL</abbrev>
1.19. Legs: I 5.92 (1.70, 0.88, 1.53, 1.18, 0.63), II 5.43 (1.60, 0.85, 1.30, 1.10, 0.58), III 5.08 (1.50, 0.50, 1.25, 1.25, 0.58), IV 6.86 (1.95, 0.78, 1.68, 1.75, 0.70). Carapace pale yellow except eye field dark, with elevated and square cephalon, covered with brown and golden thin setae; fovea dark. Chelicerae yellow, with three promarginal and seven smaller retromarginal teeth. Legs yellow, tinged with brown, spiny. Dorsum of abdomen pale to brown, covered with golden and dark setae, with two well-visible pairs of anteromedian muscle depressions; venter pale, with two pairs of dotted lines medially.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="55E8B53E64879FEC9D913F8B7CEE9911">
<emphasis id="9DF66C0EB4E17CA74F6CBD76B4CF7CDB" bold="true" italics="true">Palp</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="4AAC02FA1378AC38AD6CB69CB5DE7595" captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Mintonia shiwandashan sp. nov., holotype A palp, ventral B ditto, retrolateral C ditto, dorsal D habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: BTA baso-retrolateral tibial apophysis; DTA dorsal tibial apophysis; E embolus; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; VTA ventral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A C, G); 0.5 mm (D F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201116">11 A C</figureCitation>
): femur length / width ratio ca 3.3; patella ~ 1.5 × longer than wide in retrolateral view; tibia slightly longer than wide in ventral view, with almost half-round, lamellar base-retrolateral apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4ZBG" xlink_title="baso-retrolateral tibial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="13BC06CCE936DEC0523DD72159AA9E28">BTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
); ventral tibial apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EB1BG" xlink_title="ventral tibial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="DBB77E63AF8285E510791D2E57C9D9FB" country="France" name="Jardin Botanique de la Villa Thuret" type="Herbarium">VTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) almost sub-triangular; retrolateral tibial apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EF1BG" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="05FE0D5F47DDEA5DBB91E41CA139DF7C">RTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) strongly sclerotized, bifurcated with two blunt rami; dorsal tibial apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJ1BG" xlink_title="dorsal tibial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="E22BD9AEA096FA547335ED8B907A2198">DTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) bar-shaped, with blunt end in dorsal view; cymbium ~ 1.47 × longer than wide in ventral view; tegulum oval; embolus (E) strongly sclerotized, broad, with tapered projection.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="735F7D1C79D591E5D937320594DF5807">
<emphasis id="62F9C9E0FEA7752B60F4D402F734A18A" bold="true">Female.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ER1BG" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="6F337AB33F6E6572F737D243C99DBE2D">
<heading id="B1F9BA3FB962B626EA49DBEA4D8258B3" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B46D92C611A5431C91760A6F37F8D3A">
Known only from the
<typeStatus id="97B50719FF619C0995CEC91BC9540740">type</typeStatus>
locality in
<collectingRegion id="508D999D27522784461DC097596D0130" country="China" name="Guangxi">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="294EE84BF59CAF91D86E0E241DEA098A" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="3FE568B90A6B654AF94107593A68FED5" captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="F47" captionText="Figure 47. Distributional records of Cheliceroides jinxini sp. nov., Dendroicius qiong sp. nov., Icius deergong sp. nov., I. yarlungzangbo sp. nov., Mintonia shiwandashan sp. nov., Okinawicius nepalicus (Andreeva, Hęciak &amp; Prószyński, 1984), Pancorius medog sp. nov., Piranthus maddisoni sp. nov., Stertinius lhoba sp. nov., Synagelides kongmingi sp. nov., S. yunchangi sp. nov., S. xuandei sp. nov., Yaginumaella daweishan sp. nov., Y. moinba sp. nov., and Y. pingbian sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201156">47</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E21BG" type="comments">
<paragraph id="3AD8E4BD92B340306D908823D6D43F08">
<heading id="787119B74405D7D06D512D1AA4A99BD3" reason="title">Comments.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="104C9466B117662E7C8F61C8F1ABBC6D">
Although the new species is similar to
<taxonomicName id="ABBB785CD26D35D02401C36A741F66A2" authority="Song &amp; Zhu, 1998" authorityName="Song &amp; Zhu" authorityYear="1998" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Portia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jianfeng">
<emphasis id="5AE391280003AFE3A97000F1868D1849" italics="true">Portia jianfeng</emphasis>
Song &amp; Zhu,
<quantity id="D503F72BE075325A490EB2E5AC35ED95" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.07492" unit="in" value="1998.0">1998 in</quantity>
</taxonomicName>
palpal structure, it has not been considered to be a member of
<taxonomicName id="CFEED6C05C592ED82E0D7BB197135770" authority="Karsch, 1878" authorityName="Karsch" authorityYear="1878" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Portia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A27C13E0502C4283E30356C0FA229156" italics="true">Portia</emphasis>
Karsch, 1878
</taxonomicName>
because it lacks tufts on the abdomen and a pronounced dorso-basal flange on the cymbium, which are diagnostic for
<taxonomicName id="C45285E701C4A5372545CC0FEA518538" authority="(Wanless 1984)" baseAuthorityName="Wanless" baseAuthorityYear="1984" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Portia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E0C39948049DC3966BE963B09AEA6A5E" italics="true">Portia</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="61FCCDC4F237C758DE301CFAFA117018" DOI="10.5962/bhl.part.15964" author="Wanless" firstAuthor="Wanless" journalOrPublisher=")" pagination="135-205" refId="B34" refString="Wanless (1984) A review of the spider subfamily Spartaeinae nom. n. (Araneae: Salticidae) with descriptions of six new genera. Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History (Zool.) 46: 135205. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.15964" title="A review of the spider subfamily Spartaeinae nom. n. (Araneae: Salticidae) with descriptions of six new genera. Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History (Zool." volume="46" year="1984">Wanless 1984</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
. The new species is provisionally placed in the genus
<taxonomicName id="0B187F36DFB54BF1EBBC340D42976078" authorityName="Wanless" authorityYear="1984" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Mintonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="563735D5B63456ADDFBA3D4F419D372F" italics="true">Mintonia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
due to the general similarity of palpal structure to current congeners.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
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<subSubSection id="06A2E9D7511941E31D777E2B9D5357A3" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B7EA3C4941E20B060FC7CBDE8E392087">
<heading id="1EFCA4C24090D3DA3F40F20D872B2F39" reason="label">Genus</heading>
<taxonomicName id="F96AFCA9BDA08AA5D943F2D9564EEC17" ID-CoL="6D4X" authority="Simon, 1902" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1902" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Pancorius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="CB3224682FD5F9CCC50BED81D954E886" italics="true">Pancorius</emphasis>
Simon, 1902
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ERFCI" type="type species">
<paragraph id="BB3758F4CE6BE01C7545052F7FEB870A">
<heading id="A6387F4F45CC33D908BB5A74D25C7701" reason="title">
<typeStatus id="4630AD997BE6ED796B68A910DD118540">Type</typeStatus>
species.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CBE10E6C5EE3B45B3751A679864555C9">
<taxonomicName id="C699672595C8DBB30B133E8B597C4722" authority="Simon, 1899" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1899" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Ergane" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dentichelis">
<emphasis id="49AEB92FB4284FE1D763213FB5C6BE47" italics="true">Ergane dentichelis</emphasis>
Simon, 1899
</taxonomicName>
;
<typeStatus id="A8A1A99398A8EB55A4097FA4A6EA1784">type</typeStatus>
locality Padang,
<collectingCountry id="55CC4BE39B5B52E93A90952BFBB3B762" name="Indonesia">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ECGCI" type="comments">
<paragraph id="80E056460F0330FA3CBE99BD4529EA67">
<heading id="9847BC3A1564BA2E3E0A21504F84585A" reason="title">Comments.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8E5D830CD111F73157B03F6987DD0B15">
<taxonomicName id="9D22F96D2CD64415B2033780330DDEB3" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1902" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Pancorius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="2D88EFECD6F1C045D5C7F5C78CA81180" italics="true">Pancorius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is placed in the subtribe
<taxonomicName id="BF11450977E3322FF28E29B474D16C5E" authority="Simon, 1901" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1901" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Plexippina">
<emphasis id="6998840D5766E5AF9A8D3EC0B8FD83A7" italics="true">Plexippina</emphasis>
Simon, 1901
</taxonomicName>
within the tribe
<taxonomicName id="7950C8CC39BD8856B5E951C7BEFF50A7" authority="Simon, 1901" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1901" rank="tribe" tribe="Plexippini">
<emphasis id="991884516059EC914110D99F96B7FFBB" italics="true">Plexippini</emphasis>
Simon, 1901
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="0EBEB6B54B7B5A76DA5598C2ED7B0EBD" DOI="10.1636/arac-43-03-231-292" author="Maddison" firstAuthor="Maddison" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of Arachnology" pagination="231-292" refId="B18" refString="Maddison WP (2015) A phylogenetic classification of jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae). The Journal of Arachnology 43 (3): 231292. https://doi.org/10.1636/arac-43-03-231-292" title="A phylogenetic classification of jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae)." volume="43" year="2015">Maddison 2015</bibRefCitation>
), and comprises 46 species restricted to Asia (
<bibRefCitation id="0D4B1CE4719DC701BEE7EEBD4861EA0A" DOI="10.24436/2" refId="B35" refString="World Spider Catalog (2024) World Spider Catalog. Version 25.0. Natural History Museum Bern, http://wsc.nmbe.ch. [accessed on 3 Jul. 2024] https://doi.org/10.24436/2" url="http://wsc.nmbe.ch" year="2024">WSC 2024</bibRefCitation>
). The genus is poorly studied and its generotype is only known from limited diagnostic drawings, resulting in it not being precisely delimited. In addition, members are rather diverse in habitus and copulatory organs, and several species, such as
<taxonomicName id="61B207DF66560327F77FCB44F239BF7C" authority="Yang, Gu &amp; Yu, 2023" authorityName="Yang, Gu &amp; Yu" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Pancorius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="guiyang">
<emphasis id="6EEAF02D1CB7D78312BC91C609BF3B4F" italics="true">P. guiyang</emphasis>
Yang, Gu &amp; Yu, 2023
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="FD84DC94C60F2F5A5F3832397E5E0E50" authority="Logunov, 2024" authorityName="Logunov" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Pancorius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inexpectatus">
<emphasis id="F2F0E0DA63C809A3E19933559BA7276F" italics="true">P. inexpectatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D2CA04CEA764DE4A7B5AAFCBBE11D08E" DOI="10.13156/arac.2024.19.8.1074" author="Logunov DV" issue="8" journalOrPublisher="Arachnology" pagination="1074-1099" refId="B15" refString="Logunov DV (2024) Jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae) of the BidoupNui Ba National Park, Lam Dong Province, Vietnam. Arachnology 19 (8): 1074 - 1099. https: // doi. org / 10.13156 / arac. 2024.19. 8.1074" title="Jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae) of the BidoupNui Ba National Park, Lam Dong Province, Vietnam." volume="19" year="2024">Logunov, 2024</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="90014F3643028CD20632E24D55F72656" italics="true">P. lui</emphasis>
Gan, Mi &amp; Wang, 2022, and
<taxonomicName id="58E9678CF8D6596148C599F21B301EDE" authority="Wang, Mi &amp; Li, 2024" authorityName="Wang, Mi &amp; Li" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Pancorius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nyingchi">
<emphasis id="E2541A888F2EA7EF241291241FAF676F" italics="true">P. nyingchi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EF5C36DF8C14028725EA6FDFBAB0EBF0" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1192.114589" author="Wang C &amp; Mi XQ &amp; Li S" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="141-178" refId="B32" refString="Wang C, Mi XQ, Li S (2024) Eleven species of jumping spiders from Sichuan, Xizang, and Yunnan, China (Araneae, Salticidae). ZooKeys 1192: 141 - 178. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 1192.114589" title="Eleven species of jumping spiders from Sichuan, Xizang, and Yunnan, China (Araneae, Salticidae)." volume="1192" year="2024">Wang, Mi &amp; Li, 2024</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
were tentatively placed, indicating that they could be polyphyletic. Moreover, half its species are only known from a single sex (
<bibRefCitation id="51AD9C8791553D2089F857BFD6B95F32" DOI="10.24436/2" refId="B35" refString="World Spider Catalog (2024) World Spider Catalog. Version 25.0. Natural History Museum Bern, http://wsc.nmbe.ch. [accessed on 3 Jul. 2024] https://doi.org/10.24436/2" url="http://wsc.nmbe.ch" year="2024">WSC 2024</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<paragraph id="1F5F526103CBA341AAA9C0B05583321F">
<heading id="3A8D9E5C5F3F4C769330040058CFD16C" reason="label">Genus</heading>
<taxonomicName id="4702327CADE1EC7913687AA24B8881B1" ID-CoL="67HV" authority="Proszynski, 2016" authorityName="Proszynski" authorityYear="2016" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Okinawicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="796967C6B6254CD62CC989C2C1AB7F89" italics="true">Okinawicius</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="94370B659C60F79C6A7296A497C53168" DOI="10.37828/em.2016.7.1" author="Prószyński J" journalOrPublisher="Ecologica Montenegrina" pagination="4-32" refId="B28" refString="Proszynski J (2016) Delimitation and description of 19 new genera, a subgenus and a species of Salticidae (Araneae) of the world. Ecologica Montenegrina 7: 4 - 32. https: // doi. org / 10.37828 / em. 2016.7. 1" title="Delimitation and description of 19 new genera, a subgenus and a species of Salticidae (Araneae) of the world." volume="7" year="2016">Prószyński, 2016</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="9245DDDC8BCDC9395148A680A46A3E5A">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="E8843D139266A5DA3904DA5D18D67E65">
<treatmentCitation id="3D7E5B7B3DA8539F3473F9A3E5EB147F" author="Prószyński J" page="22" year="2016">
<taxonomicName id="001F96697CBB38EF5EFA46ABF3AD8F34" ID-CoL="67HV" authority="Proszynski, 2016: 22" authorityName="Proszynski" authorityPageNumber="22" authorityYear="2016" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Okinawicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C9FAD27D46334BEB48655C36F6180918" italics="true">Okinawicius</emphasis>
<comment id="D04BA727CD8B0A4FFF8905A38031A31A">
<bibRefCitation id="EE5AC9836C2F99A3CEB6D4650B74857F" DOI="10.37828/em.2016.7.1" author="Prószyński J" journalOrPublisher="Ecologica Montenegrina" pagination="4-32" refId="B28" refString="Proszynski J (2016) Delimitation and description of 19 new genera, a subgenus and a species of Salticidae (Araneae) of the world. Ecologica Montenegrina 7: 4 - 32. https: // doi. org / 10.37828 / em. 2016.7. 1" title="Delimitation and description of 19 new genera, a subgenus and a species of Salticidae (Araneae) of the world." volume="7" year="2016">Prószyński, 2016: 22</bibRefCitation>
.
</comment>
</taxonomicName>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA7C85469E91A16EA2723FE385CF79A0">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="30B47BEC80F4A625DF07D8A74804AA85">
<treatmentCitation id="72A247983ED73D37C33615DB0F3F10D6" author="Prószyński J" page="21" year="2016">
<taxonomicName id="B5D4A5D2576B7AAD0E186AF2683F08DE" ID-CoL="634P" authority="Proszynski, 2016: 21" authorityName="Proszynski" authorityPageNumber="21" authorityYear="2016" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Nepalicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="C49A056FD73B2043F02D0A0D04942C9C" italics="true">Nepalicius</emphasis>
<comment id="19B3A0DC4A07AFD2CA52141907B21B21">
<bibRefCitation id="2D88B5A1D6788B505A84C3C266D6ED3E" DOI="10.37828/em.2016.7.1" author="Prószyński J" journalOrPublisher="Ecologica Montenegrina" pagination="4-32" refId="B28" refString="Proszynski J (2016) Delimitation and description of 19 new genera, a subgenus and a species of Salticidae (Araneae) of the world. Ecologica Montenegrina 7: 4 - 32. https: // doi. org / 10.37828 / em. 2016.7. 1" title="Delimitation and description of 19 new genera, a subgenus and a species of Salticidae (Araneae) of the world." volume="7" year="2016">Prószyński, 2016: 21</bibRefCitation>
. Syn. nov.
</comment>
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</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EO5AI" type="type species">
<paragraph id="7DA78AD740F9A5604BDC34B94DD565FD">
<heading id="9C3EEF142F721CFB14A7030B4C16D5A1" reason="title">
<typeStatus id="DA993CFAB9BF7C7032B176A9914364D4">Type</typeStatus>
species.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="743237C1C7349D8773BE0CE7D60ECFAF">
<taxonomicName id="DA76E840AD0BCD9AD210E9DD54205685" authority="Proszynski, 1992" authorityName="Proszynski" authorityYear="1992" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Pseudicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="okinawaensis">
<emphasis id="972D92C6A355CA791F1AEB946857D3DC" italics="true">Pseudicius okinawaensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D395EEA60C56943C09A396E30BA7D3F4" author="Prószyński J" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici, Warszawa" pagination="165-277" refId="B27" refString="Proszynski J (1992) Salticidae (Araneae) of India in the collection of the Hungarian National Natural History Museum in Budapest. Annales Zoologici, Warszawa 44: 165 - 277." title="Salticidae (Araneae) of India in the collection of the Hungarian National Natural History Museum in Budapest." volume="44" year="1992">Prószyński, 1992</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<typeStatus id="978DC2641C6337D7329016FA4B7B6C96">type</typeStatus>
locality
<collectingRegion id="2EB136081947562DD2BFA088BA7B8105" country="Japan" name="Okinawa">Okinawa</collectingRegion>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E65AI" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="B7C031706CA4A78697ED9C4C4E6443CC">
<heading id="51C25581AFC806DECB3679594FDADF38" reason="title">Diagnosis and description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A29BB68673289CA13874ACFC6F43FC0E">
See
<bibRefCitation id="1D875178CA7B6FB3ED0D82B25970C2D8" DOI="10.37828/em.2016.7.1" author="Prószyński J" firstAuthor="Proszynski" journalOrPublisher="Ecologica Montenegrina" pagination="4-32" refId="B28" refString="Prószyński J (2016) Delimitation and description of 19 new genera, a subgenus and a species of Salticidae (Araneae) of the world. Ecologica Montenegrina 7: 432. https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2016.7.1" title="Delimitation and description of 19 new genera, a subgenus and a species of Salticidae (Araneae) of the world." volume="7" year="2016">Prószyński (2016)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EJ6AI" type="Composition">
<paragraph id="F17727C136B882A5864F6A3A334C8FB2">
<heading id="3E3DE84AB1A018D92E378FD8E8E5AB6E" reason="title">Composition.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6A5EB534105F27615261D9A4B8CED559">
This genus currently includes 12 species:
<taxonomicName id="250ABA7D1AB73C516E477CA8F4E30386" authority="(Proszynski, 1992)" baseAuthorityName="Proszynski" baseAuthorityYear="1992" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Okinawicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="daitaricus">
<emphasis id="5C01FCC3839F87210A7405AD5B159204" italics="true">Okinawicius daitaricus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="BD1E4A4B0B4597DFAEE6BE251DA861F7" author="Prószyński J" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici, Warszawa" pagination="165-277" refId="B27" refString="Proszynski J (1992) Salticidae (Araneae) of India in the collection of the Hungarian National Natural History Museum in Budapest. Annales Zoologici, Warszawa 44: 165 - 277." title="Salticidae (Araneae) of India in the collection of the Hungarian National Natural History Museum in Budapest." volume="44" year="1992">Prószyński, 1992</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(
<specimenCount id="BF598582FFBF8904A3B1CACF2FF79D5A" count="1" type="female"></specimenCount>
);
<taxonomicName id="EC74E33F65728192A249F34AE130B0A6" authority="(Peng, Gong &amp; Kim, 2000)" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Peng, Gong &amp; Kim" baseAuthorityYear="2000" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Okinawicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="daoxianensis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="FC7135A54372E8DE735DDA1C63530AC5" italics="true">O. daoxianensis</emphasis>
(Peng, Gong &amp; Kim, 2000)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4AA4B9A551CE506D253C8C37ECA42BD2" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<specimenCount id="7D7372119BA7392E3373D17B913EE696" count="1" type="male"></specimenCount>
);
<taxonomicName id="A3C203E4A6284EDA10C8E40FD24D6400" authority="(Caporiacco, 1941)" baseAuthorityName="Caporiacco" baseAuthorityYear="1941" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Okinawicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="delesserti">
<emphasis id="926FBCF6BBEDA04D4401533D50D2EE44" italics="true">O. delesserti</emphasis>
(Caporiacco, 1941)
</taxonomicName>
(
<specimenCount id="97A20B1FC9EB87266E550BC51EEFF774" count="1" type="male"></specimenCount>
);
<taxonomicName id="779A45D8902DD026CCD15851A85FA26F" authority="(Simon, 1885)" baseAuthorityName="Simon" baseAuthorityYear="1885" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Okinawicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="modestus">
<emphasis id="C6F06D9B0D5D8542E896CF186DAFCBFA" italics="true">O. modestus</emphasis>
(Simon, 1885)
</taxonomicName>
(
<specimenCount id="2F8744D77AA289D90C86C7324351BF95" count="1" type="female"></specimenCount>
);
<taxonomicName id="E344A740645F1C30B25186B857F6A5F2" authority="(Andreeva, Heciak &amp; Proszynski, 1984)" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Andreeva, Heciak &amp; Proszynski" baseAuthorityYear="1984" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Okinawicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nepalicus" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="E85FEA5ADE6E20865E645464977C84D8" italics="true">O. nepalicus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="4A77A43A1D73A9386521684DA3C85896" author="Andreeva EM &amp; Hęciak S &amp; Prószyński J" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici, Warszawa" pagination="349-375" refId="B1" refString="Andreeva EM, Heciak S, Proszynski J (1984) Remarks on Icius and Pseudicius (Araneae, Salticidae) mainly from central Asia. Annales Zoologici, Warszawa 37: 349 - 375." title="Remarks on Icius and Pseudicius (Araneae, Salticidae) mainly from central Asia." volume="37" year="1984">Andreeva, Hęciak &amp; Prószyński, 1984</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1201638E2BB862706FBDDE18FCE8DC49" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<specimenCount id="C45F6FEF270C56BAE617506953D8C9A8" count="1" type="male"></specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="82472600993248C64C765F15A36F9DD1" count="1" type="female"></specimenCount>
);
<taxonomicName id="CBC85369BE79D632FD3E35FFA0796629" authority="(Proszynski, 1992)" baseAuthorityName="Proszynski" baseAuthorityYear="1992" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Pseudicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="okinawaensis">
<emphasis id="A29004EC96081DCD0E18F51C0E54597C" italics="true">O. okinawaensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="C345008F7325FE14D8AD9427975C6BBA" author="Prószyński J" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici, Warszawa" pagination="165-277" refId="B27" refString="Proszynski J (1992) Salticidae (Araneae) of India in the collection of the Hungarian National Natural History Museum in Budapest. Annales Zoologici, Warszawa 44: 165 - 277." title="Salticidae (Araneae) of India in the collection of the Hungarian National Natural History Museum in Budapest." volume="44" year="1992">Prószyński, 1992</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(
<specimenCount id="5FAB3B40098CFB7CB7333871B5D16C78" count="1" type="female"></specimenCount>
);
<taxonomicName id="35A91724217FDEAF0491E773EEF3E73C" authority="(Wanless, 1984)" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Wanless" baseAuthorityYear="1984" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Okinawicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="seychellensis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="31F5F71918E04A2A4917013EFA537F50" italics="true">O. seychellensis</emphasis>
(Wanless, 1984)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6A2B4CED13E748871690D46850E275A0" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<specimenCount id="DCBEA04F41CB6F3DF84A5114BAFCB52D" count="1" type="male"></specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="88F5AF61F282F184545E3A1EB95D14E0" count="1" type="female"></specimenCount>
);
<taxonomicName id="66DF6DDE3CADA1BE0BE80CA531D705FA" authority="(Proszynski, 1989)" baseAuthorityName="Proszynski" baseAuthorityYear="1989" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Okinawicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sheherezadae">
<emphasis id="9D67FB3080AB72F2A2F2586C18421231" italics="true">O. sheherezadae</emphasis>
(Prószyński, 1989)
</taxonomicName>
(
<specimenCount id="3C850738B142818AD304A2D4DAACA9F9" count="1" type="female"></specimenCount>
);
<taxonomicName id="F7DFC9F329BC51F7D12EBB08C987FD9E" authority="(Proszynski, 1989)" baseAuthorityName="Proszynski" baseAuthorityYear="1989" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Okinawicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shirinae">
<emphasis id="82494F34EC868ED5D1FE47662417A64B" italics="true">O. shirinae</emphasis>
(Prószyński, 1989)
</taxonomicName>
(
<specimenCount id="DD1F04BA412BF1BC7D6EF40EE634A60E" count="1" type="male"></specimenCount>
);
<taxonomicName id="EAD16F2CABF104D95001F19A278CC745" authority="(Proszynski, 1989)" baseAuthorityName="Proszynski" baseAuthorityYear="1989" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Okinawicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sindbadi">
<emphasis id="21ADD2A4084E94C6014022F71149FB69" italics="true">O. sindbadi</emphasis>
(Prószyński, 1989)
</taxonomicName>
(
<specimenCount id="33E75E75370EDEDB44C082F3AFEBF0D2" count="1" type="male"></specimenCount>
);
<taxonomicName id="70F101FD1ABC21D720CAC51E8717B6DA" authority="Tripathi &amp; Kulkarni, 2024" authorityName="Tripathi &amp; Kulkarni" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Okinawicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tekdi">
<emphasis id="F1F9E89E78ACE530C2F9D7764F918A1A" italics="true">O. tekdi</emphasis>
Tripathi &amp; Kulkarni, 2024
</taxonomicName>
(
<specimenCount id="6C7B3765E47E708EB1322CDAE40C901A" count="1" type="male"></specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="FA9A980039AED5F9EE7D5712B33D6A09" count="1" type="female"></specimenCount>
);
<taxonomicName id="16570CE3D59080AB7338288667F30E7B" authority="(Bohdanowicz &amp; Proszynski, 1987)" baseAuthorityName="Bohdanowicz &amp; Proszynski" baseAuthorityYear="1987" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Okinawicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tokaraensis">
<emphasis id="BF125CBB3B8B907A07358D81D9154160" italics="true">O. tokaraensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="3C0CE1B44C59F4072B60EF1995282201" author="Bohdanowicz A &amp; Prószyński J" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici, Warszawa" pagination="43-151" refId="B3" refString="Bohdanowicz A, Proszynski J (1987) Systematic studies on East Palaearctic Salticidae (Araneae), IV. Salticidae of Japan. Annales Zoologici, Warszawa 41: 43 - 151." title="Systematic studies on East Palaearctic Salticidae (Araneae), IV. Salticidae of Japan." volume="41" year="1987">Bohdanowicz &amp; Prószyński, 1987</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
(
<specimenCount id="AD946B38E3F82DB3DD1D80692F526687" count="1" type="male"></specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="C4BDDB7A715C6F8A2ECCB52D871479C7" count="1" type="female"></specimenCount>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ETDBI" type="comments">
<paragraph id="E5E3BD9A8EDBBCA8563D5C3B32A20022">
<heading id="DD8CE7069161A2AF45E411C70993E1A3" reason="title">Comments.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6D31C7C8BE5AA394B96DBCCAD00DF93F">
Both
<taxonomicName id="B378BDA0B7B4119023FBB75F273AED90" authorityName="Proszynski" authorityYear="2016" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Nepalicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="E8F0B9682A5417058E0B0FC66F7B6796" italics="true">Nepalicius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="5BBAF0AF546081E816B3B69F7FB8B111" authorityName="Proszynski" authorityYear="2016" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Okinawicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5AB65D969B21B0824006071950DCA658" italics="true">Okinawicius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were described by
<bibRefCitation id="0C2352B3F0DB23A42EA453A8224FB80C" DOI="10.37828/em.2016.7.1" author="Prószyński J" firstAuthor="Proszynski" journalOrPublisher="Ecologica Montenegrina" pagination="4-32" refId="B28" refString="Prószyński J (2016) Delimitation and description of 19 new genera, a subgenus and a species of Salticidae (Araneae) of the world. Ecologica Montenegrina 7: 432. https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2016.7.1" title="Delimitation and description of 19 new genera, a subgenus and a species of Salticidae (Araneae) of the world." volume="7" year="2016">Prószyński (2016)</bibRefCitation>
. They are considered to be congeneric because the newly discovered females of
<taxonomicName id="D3EAAC54B08C512483A80EF6DDA57D8D" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Andreeva, Heciak &amp; Proszynski" baseAuthorityYear="1984" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Okinawicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nepalicus">
<emphasis id="89A2E57A1BB0302F448373740D713436" italics="true">N. nepalicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(the generotype of
<taxonomicName id="A6C1C1B8F8626B6EE12990C2372C5E3B" authorityName="Proszynski" authorityYear="2016" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Nepalicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="43C6C784C1F75C42982ABAB0467CA3EB" italics="true">Nepalicius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) share consistent habitus and epigyne with
<taxonomicName id="49C0241A96E04E9EACA63E1FF4EB999A" baseAuthorityName="Proszynski" baseAuthorityYear="1992" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Pseudicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="okinawaensis">
<emphasis id="DBABDA4D843059461D8658B4967A5D81" italics="true">O. okinawaensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(the generotype of
<taxonomicName id="76CF56EF195FAFB0BB2F7C03DE6AA826" authorityName="Proszynski" authorityYear="2016" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Okinawicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="758BC7FE204B1C42FA4AA0349DED4598" italics="true">Okinawicius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, known only from females), especially the copulatory ducts that form several coils in a plane almost perpendicular to the vertical axis. Thus,
<taxonomicName id="40F59BBA404EA4647F3C432C5533FBF7" authorityName="Proszynski" authorityYear="2016" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Nepalicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FA665C928713C7F2BD631CD88C9036BF" italics="true">Nepalicius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is proposed as a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="5799020021B0EFD8B514730E055AD8A6" authorityName="Proszynski" authorityYear="2016" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Okinawicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="41BA27D586B1743BEA180B6666CC2438" italics="true">Okinawicius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. We act as First Revisor per
<bibRefCitation id="973218E651963747381027B8E1DE16C7" journalOrPublisher="London, UK" refId="B8" refString="ICZN (1999) International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. 4 th edn. The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature. London, UK, 305 pp." title="International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. 4 th edn. The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature." year="1999">ICZN (1999</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="BCCA1420EC49F485028027B1B69CA274" authority="(Peng, Gong &amp; Kim, 2000)" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Peng, Gong &amp; Kim" baseAuthorityYear="2000" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Okinawicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="daoxianensis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="4877ED4C31C5330788577095AAB8B556" italics="true">Okinawicius daoxianensis</emphasis>
(Peng, Gong &amp; Kim, 2000)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F295B492D31A4DE11CACEF5FE6EC9132" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is transferred due to it having the round tegulum encircled by embolus and with dorsal ramus of retrolateral tibial apophysis reduced to a triangular protuberance, which is consistent with
<taxonomicName id="E5205F93563EEC84858B7FBCD1068B3E" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Andreeva, Heciak &amp; Proszynski" baseAuthorityYear="1984" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Okinawicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nepalicus">
<emphasis id="1206E65EE1E430214406768146515B3B" italics="true">O. nepalicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="E6F9525B94ECFAEE9D272545BC98DA4C" DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5477.2.1" author="Yang ZY &amp; Wang WH &amp; Zhang JX" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="As Yang" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pagination="101-135" refId="B40" refString="Yang ZY, Wang WH, Zhang JX (2024) On a new genus and seven species of Chrysillini from China (Araneae: Salticidae: Salticinae). Zootaxa 5477 (2): 101135. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5477.2.1" title="On a new genus and seven species of Chrysillini from China (Araneae: Salticidae: Salticinae)." volume="5477" year="2024">As Yang et al. (2024)</bibRefCitation>
mentioned, some
<taxonomicName id="F1D4AE62832F66E7940500179220228F">
<emphasis id="4C8005CFECD3ECE298CF9E19316D0D32" italics="true">Afraflacilla</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
, only known by males, may also belong to
<taxonomicName id="EAF5B054588B539C3AA9EFFD6A7279C4" authorityName="Proszynski" authorityYear="2016" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Okinawicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="5F69EA2E31B4F350C25A51DD2D5E9794" italics="true">Okinawicius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Moreover, the relationship between
<taxonomicName id="F5041B4DD9E11631B170EACCB8ABC75D" authorityName="Proszynski" authorityYear="2016" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Okinawicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="F983FE984D17794E230684142F3957E2" italics="true">Okinawicius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="67C1175B2BE334576B5E7651C60A93C7" authorityName="Berland &amp; Millot" authorityYear="1941" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Afraflacilla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="40AEF2EFF1DB02AE629E3576091B1AD6" italics="true">Afraflacilla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also needs further attention.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
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<mods:title id="77359251AB6B7D41DB680DE4095FBC63">Taxonomic notes of jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae) from Guangxi, Hainan, Sichuan, Xizang and Yunnan, China</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="5C3D3A0A18B39673F28AE4060031E2D4" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="CCF2BC76EA5826CC0B0CCB5E74F12F3D">Wang, Cheng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A7785E62F4EE1FE758B8DDBB0DCD9265">Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in the Fanjing Mountain Region, Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou 554300, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="A7D98B75136AA30C4CF623F205F505C7">Mi, Xiaoqi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="DF8A6625AAE7D86D38DD3DB10F2FF288">Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in the Fanjing Mountain Region, Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou 554300, China</mods:affiliation>
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<heading id="8FD2E9D4DD4000EFBB6FF7013F0BBC26" reason="label">Genus</heading>
<taxonomicName id="802772A0EB94AC03020008707D39FE81" ID-CoL="98X57" authority="Lin &amp; Li, 2020" authorityName="Lin &amp; Li" authorityYear="2020" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Dendroicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="AF0E33F10650767E0E6C71D343B4E853" italics="true">Dendroicius</emphasis>
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<typeStatus id="8D327B532514DCA4DBC18E5F60950B3B">Type</typeStatus>
species.
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<paragraph id="B510F525283B18BCE554DB8E79F31611">
<taxonomicName id="4F625FB02B3AB42BC143509A6AA7561E" authority="Lin &amp; Li, 2020" authorityName="Lin &amp; Li" authorityYear="2020" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Dendroicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hotaruae">
<emphasis id="B5FDBDC741A7052484D33C7B4F7C2D78" italics="true">Dendroicius hotaruae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="53E89CCA7B66514735653A7E56EDCDEA" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.952.51849" author="Lin YJ &amp; Li S" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="95-128" refId="B11" refString="Lin YJ, Li S (2020) Two new genera and eight new species of jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae) from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China. ZooKeys 952: 95 - 128. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 952.51849" title="Two new genera and eight new species of jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae) from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China." volume="952" year="2020">Lin &amp; Li, 2020</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<typeStatus id="BCA9F18013C31421403639902CFBB511">type</typeStatus>
locality Menglun Township, Mengla County,
<collectingRegion id="EEC3BE2D82B54B1CFE820B662A51339F" country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="AC680678B7885CB88E6A4D52F3BBA786" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
.
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<subSubSection id="SECID0EKSAE" type="comments">
<paragraph id="1DF3794A8E6B8983E202EC8C0588A4D8">
<heading id="1F0BEFE4F32F84F0E1E45EC4E7ACE738" reason="title">Comments.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2A0385FF05F46907116D2DD88A47BC81">
This monotypic genus was not placed in any of the subfamilies and tribes of
<taxonomicName id="C2A118C2E0F2D1790714164CFC2155F0" authorityName="Blackwall" authorityYear="1841" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Salticidae</taxonomicName>
. Judging from the conformation of the male palp, and particularly in having a tegular bump, it belongs to Chrysillini Simon, 1901. It is only known from the original description (
<bibRefCitation id="4F769F68E359D1210F6CB5FA1046917B" DOI="10.24436/2" refId="B35" refString="World Spider Catalog (2024) World Spider Catalog. Version 25.0. Natural History Museum Bern, http://wsc.nmbe.ch. [accessed on 3 Jul. 2024] https://doi.org/10.24436/2" url="http://wsc.nmbe.ch" year="2024">WSC 2024</bibRefCitation>
).
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</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,397 @@
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<figureCitation id="4D04820AA2BA9AAAB6170D1C516301C6" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Male palp of Myrmarachne kuan sp. nov., paratype (TRU - JS 0745) A ventral B retrolateral C dorsal. Abbreviations: E embolus; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201117">Figs 12</figureCitation>
,
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,
<figureCitation id="B867A39FD0995A61F276A3F5AC1BD01E" captionStart="Figure 48" captionStartId="F48" captionText="Figure 48. Distributional records of Irura qiuhangi sp. nov., Myrmarachne kuan sp. nov., Nandicius xiefengi sp. nov., Padillothorax exilis (Cao &amp; Li, 2016), Pancorius yingjiang sp. nov., Siler hanoicus Prószyński, 1985, Simaetha hainan sp. nov., Synagelides yidei sp. nov., and S. zilongi sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201157">48</figureCitation>
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(
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0744
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: •
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,
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, around
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(
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,
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, ca
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et al. leg
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<typeStatus id="41E7435C5BFEE85D2D344EFADFB46997" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="A260036756B97C62D86C7BBC41B45148" count="2" type="male">2 ♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="3001A5FAB420084165D71EBFD9B7009D" count="5" type="female">5 ♀</specimenCount>
(
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<collectionCode id="842DD080AB03627E3A59E0C59F9F86D1" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">TRU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
-
<specimenCode id="CC3188F0905464FEB2A0C0C45A10D98C" collectionCode="TRU" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ETCAI" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
07450751
</specimenCode>
), same data as for holotype
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="1105BA67AFBE48F6EDD04D5199F9EC3F" collectingDate="2009-04-20" collectionCode="IZCAS" collectorName="G. Tang" country="China" county="Lingshui County" elevation="100" latitude="18.664" location="Power Station" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="109.93017" municipality="Diaoluoshan National Nature Reserve" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Hainan" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="81EC14646A1123D42A17717B73307627" count="1" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
(
<named-content id="9666DBD58AB0198E322D5F148F3C3A37" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/institute-zoology-chinese-academy-sciences" xlink_title="Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences">
<collectionCode id="F89AA3A69799F8E3747829AEF25DF6BC" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/crjh-4ne1" name="Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences" type="">IZCAS</collectionCode>
</named-content>
- Ar 45282),
<collectingRegion id="0A8839D7D649A673C07C6DEB6EFB8686" country="China" name="Hainan">Hainan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="E49DD3976758CE0D593F826E9519974E">Lingshui County</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="E1B5366FA62F6B9E434514079DC2389E">Diaoluoshan National Nature Reserve</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="598C5E47C6D0833D8FE1094636E84B60" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:62A4E42ACB0956F6942556B84E0C22AF:598C5E47C6D0833D8FE1094636E84B60" country="China" county="Lingshui County" latitude="18.664" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="109.93017" municipality="Diaoluoshan National Nature Reserve" name="Power Station" stateProvince="Hainan">Power Station</location>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E5CAI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[109.930167,18.664000]}">
<geoCoordinate id="DA245FB20AC542ABB0E33479BB001AE9" degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="39.84" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="18.664">18 ° 39.84 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="438244B2979C987312D8A7D0C11C2713" degrees="109" direction="east" minutes="55.81" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="109.93017">109 ° 55.81 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
, ca
<quantity id="412941B4E4A589088DD372AB2EFC03FB" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="100.0">
<elevation id="032E4A5FE030D4F26CC5B0B62EB7560D" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</elevation>
</quantity>
),
<date id="DBA5312AD8E181CF6F914254A6EE439A" value="2009-04-20">
<collectingDate id="57B384343B203E7253AB13D8DE7AA617" value="2009-04-20">20. IV. 2009</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="FA1152158B0A0E22653063FD7E345590">G. Tang</collectorName>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EDDAI" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="B1DE08A2CF71A22FC69579C95ABF64BB">
<heading id="E6D60DA26B5EAEFB4353717E480FDE60" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BB961C9A8C3A233471AEA7E28516A82A">
The specific name is a noun and comes from Chinese Pinyin
<taxonomicName id="F49451B2ACBCAB4F26FA244084C7DC58" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Myrmarachne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kuan">
<emphasis id="6415A563EBD759726E86474DC3F26F52" italics="true">kuan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, meaning broad, which refers to the broadened thoracic part.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ESDAI" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="B38DBB2D267328B2941757FC70E2003A">
<heading id="04BC20B51E0F6968231BF3886BB79D7F" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="56120AD9796870B1F7C2B2F4520726B1">
The male of
<taxonomicName id="AC2E649EE2607D16B94374F768893802" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Myrmarachne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kuan" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E12EEDF06A6999266C29A7C83D3CACF7" italics="true">Myrmarachne kuan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="75276B7EFB3710B3C2A50EB7E38849CF" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
resembles that of
<taxonomicName id="97F6A2688F9E728C2188DEE97226AD3F" authority="Yamasaki, 2018" authorityName="Yamasaki" authorityYear="2018" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Myrmarachne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salaputium">
<emphasis id="19AD370407A8169FE37587326312749E" italics="true">M. salaputium</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8283ACB36B46EE3B9BD37A868469B283" DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4521.3.2" author="Yamasaki T &amp; Hashimoto Y &amp; Endo T &amp; Hyodo F &amp; Itioka T &amp; Meleng P" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pagination="335-356" refId="B37" refString="Yamasaki T, Hashimoto Y, Endo T, Hyodo F, Itioka T, Meleng P (2018) New species of the ant-mimicking genus Myrmarachne MacLeay, 1839 (Araneae: Salticidae) from Sarawak, Borneo. Zootaxa 4521 (3): 335 - 356. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4521.3. 2" title="New species of the ant-mimicking genus Myrmarachne MacLeay, 1839 (Araneae: Salticidae) from Sarawak, Borneo." volume="4521" year="2018">
Yamasaki,
<quantity id="D2B2EF556194DDBE0CBF1FCA73BBBE06" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.125719999999999" unit="in" value="2018.0">2018 in</quantity>
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
general shape of the palp, but can be easily distinguished by the flat cephalon that is lower than thoracic part in lateral view (Fig.
<figureCitation id="D6F8DB759BBD30B58DD8663C01CA1F52" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Myrmarachne kuan sp. nov. C E, G holotype and A, B, F, H female paratype (TRU - JS 0747) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, F habitus, dorsal D ditto, ventral E ditto, lateral G, H chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; At atrium; CD copulatory duct; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, H); 0.5 mm (C G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201118">13 E</figureCitation>
) vs elevated cephalon that is much higher than thoracic part (
<bibRefCitation id="1B303740F512B95DA864960AC31A54A1" DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4521.3.2" author="Yamasaki" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Yamasaki" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pagination="335-356" refId="B37" refString="Yamasaki T, Hashimoto Y, Endo T, Hyodo F, Itioka T, Meleng P (2018) New species of the ant-mimicking genus Myrmarachne MacLeay, 1839 (Araneae: Salticidae) from Sarawak, Borneo. Zootaxa 4521 (3): 335356. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4521.3.2" title="New species of the ant-mimicking genus Myrmarachne MacLeay, 1839 (Araneae: Salticidae) from Sarawak, Borneo." volume="4521" year="2018">Yamasaki et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 45). The female resembles those of
<taxonomicName id="F827F30860B2AC58BEA1D233784EF8DE" authority="Yamasaki &amp; Ahmad, 2013" authorityName="Yamasaki &amp; Ahmad" authorityYear="2013" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Myrmarachne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lambirensis">
<emphasis id="FA9087F5C1D26CDB5E1B5BB9644D34EA" italics="true">M. lambirensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="0E366C41430679D8CCA783CAC3D23D78" DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3710.6.1" author="Yamasaki T &amp; Ahmad AH" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pagination="501-556" refId="B36" refString="Yamasaki T, Ahmad AH (2013) Taxonomic study of the genus Myrmarachne of Borneo (Araneae: Salticidae). Zootaxa 3710: 501 - 556. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 3710.6. 1" title="Taxonomic study of the genus Myrmarachne of Borneo (Araneae: Salticidae)." volume="3710" year="2013">
Yamasaki &amp; Ahmad,
<quantity id="4A837CC416D9F2317588A65A90F2E034" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.11302" unit="in" value="2013.0">2013 in</quantity>
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
having a similar epigyne, but can be easily distinguished by the presence of an epigynal hood (H), and by the sclerotized portions of copulatory ducts curved into circles at base (Fig.
<figureCitation id="F60357D5BBD4B228F73083BE2339FAA7" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Myrmarachne kuan sp. nov. C E, G holotype and A, B, F, H female paratype (TRU - JS 0747) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, F habitus, dorsal D ditto, ventral E ditto, lateral G, H chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; At atrium; CD copulatory duct; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, H); 0.5 mm (C G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201118">13 A, B</figureCitation>
) vs epigynal hood absent, and sclerotized portions of copulatory ducts slightly curved into C-shapes (
<bibRefCitation id="45FCD231C525B437030A3E15F72B165E" DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3710.6.1" author="Yamasaki and Ahmad" firstAuthor="Yamasaki" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pagination="501-556" refId="B36" refString="Yamasaki T, Ahmad AH (2013) Taxonomic study of the genus Myrmarachne of Borneo (Araneae: Salticidae). Zootaxa 3710: 501556. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3710.6.1" title="Taxonomic study of the genus Myrmarachne of Borneo (Araneae: Salticidae)." volume="3710" year="2013">Yamasaki and Ahmad 2013</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 23 D F).
</paragraph>
<caption id="3D44801286771F6C00ABD9EC7B8376EB" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure13" ID-arpha="335A7D46-1C65-58CF-884D-179CC1730A68" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201118" startId="F13">
<paragraph id="649004EA9D0CB7D363A25A0F66BC0886">
<label id="EFC5B8A4DCD9BF7C57B29D45204ABEAD">Figure 13.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9FA782554B72E1F87795713A6CA15EE8">
<taxonomicName id="A5FB5E49BC2DBF6E53A06FE352EF8C92" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Myrmarachne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kuan" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="EB875C4735A5C54DD5A810E7B41D7C8B" italics="true">Myrmarachne kuan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5EB1A00F1F187ECBA8938F70F3DA5B4C" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="E793FE4C169F922011264EDC26E57B6F" bold="true">C E, G</emphasis>
holotype and
<emphasis id="E57E2241037279895557827D6AA85919" bold="true">A, B, F, H</emphasis>
female paratype (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EAGAI" xlink_title="Tongren University">TRU</abbrev>
-
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EEGAI" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0747)
<emphasis id="AA5A73076FB6AD4744973FFB621B0E5D" bold="true">A</emphasis>
epigyne, ventral
<emphasis id="6E8458AADAAC4C91A8D6F4869E1AA5A1" bold="true">B</emphasis>
vulva, dorsal
<emphasis id="04F86BE31B0958A201C7B23A2EB22F1B" bold="true">C, F</emphasis>
habitus, dorsal
<emphasis id="1D33083341611FE0107AB694C6F2A877" bold="true">D</emphasis>
ditto, ventral
<emphasis id="6015F2AE6E03B032AC306C59D27AA062" bold="true">E</emphasis>
ditto, lateral
<emphasis id="4E0A9CAAB96E53E2E40B7E5D675B04F8" bold="true">G, H</emphasis>
chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EUGAI" xlink_title="accessory gland">AG</abbrev>
accessory gland;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYGAI" xlink_title="atrium">At</abbrev>
atrium;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3GAI" xlink_title="copulatory duct">CD</abbrev>
copulatory duct;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EAHAI" xlink_title="fertilization duct">FD</abbrev>
fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (
<emphasis id="627F1D7692A002EFC57C8D03580AE30C" bold="true">A, B, H</emphasis>
); 0.5 mm (
<emphasis id="D545EFD575371A2A108CDB6866E4992C" bold="true">C G</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="CE21CE2D41E214DF348EEDCBCF77C544" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure14" ID-arpha="AE48C9DA-C5FB-51B4-8DE1-D0B381297149" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201119" startId="F14">
<paragraph id="7B06B224B4385EDCBEDBF9545A2DA650">
<label id="8B67A69667F8F32B9885FD77893525A7">Figure 14.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="403E56699BC87E363281B17F2C510348">
Male palp of
<taxonomicName id="F319677A97B920A5EDECEEED70622591" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Nandicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xiefengi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="2E5199A98DC89C595A219A9ADE144D57" italics="true">Nandicius xiefengi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="03DBA61161EE68AF9FC0B6C871F5D49C" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype
<emphasis id="ECDCC16E92F82821506552BBF1A86F6A" bold="true">A</emphasis>
prolateral
<emphasis id="5399767A8E65BDA83DCAD70FBE13062D" bold="true">B</emphasis>
ventral
<emphasis id="C455D69A612E5D823687FBB52B4219C3" bold="true">C</emphasis>
retrolateral. Abbreviations:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EGIAI" xlink_title="dorsal tibial apophysis">DTA</abbrev>
dorsal tibial apophysis; E embolus;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EKIAI" xlink_title="posterior tegular lobe">PL</abbrev>
posterior tegular lobe;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EOIAI" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">RTA</abbrev>
retrolateral tibial apophysis;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ESIAI" xlink_title="tegular bump">TB</abbrev>
tegular bump. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E2IAI" type="description">
<paragraph id="E9FC183DB277252D737296A05D2FEEC5">
<heading id="05EC13ADDA15B71CDCAF64007216AEDA" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FCCEBC2C5867EF9FD05B4D50F3B6C6D2">
<emphasis id="DF76E4BCB5C5905344B200A4D3696B6C" bold="true">Male</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation id="C5445F86172C1500DC5A4215AFEE7D69" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Male palp of Myrmarachne kuan sp. nov., paratype (TRU - JS 0745) A ventral B retrolateral C dorsal. Abbreviations: E embolus; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201117">12</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E0C53B72584BA6B60DCA8C955EE5737A" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Myrmarachne kuan sp. nov. C E, G holotype and A, B, F, H female paratype (TRU - JS 0747) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, F habitus, dorsal D ditto, ventral E ditto, lateral G, H chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; At atrium; CD copulatory duct; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, H); 0.5 mm (C G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201118">13 C E, G</figureCitation>
). Total length 3.72. Carapace 1.80 long, 0.98 wide. Abdomen 1.61 long, 0.83 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ELJAI" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.30,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EPJAI" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.15,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ETJAI" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.14,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EXJAI" xlink_title="anterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="7DC924CC95E9172215F9A7AA48C51E21">AERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
0.89,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E2JAI" xlink_title="posterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="C2B6DC13793BCC326A4A82004FEB9CCF">PERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
0.98,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E6JAI" xlink_title="eye field length">EFL</abbrev>
0.65. Legs: I 2.91 (0.83, 0.40, 0.88, 0.50, 0.30), II 2.32 (0.65, 0.38, 0.58, 0.43, 0.28), III 2.39 (0.70, 0.33, 0.53, 0.53, 0.30), IV 3.19 (0.95, 0.43, 0.80, 0.68, 0.33). Carapace flat, covered with sparse white scales, with laterally broadened thoracic part. Chelicerae elongated, with six promarginal and five tiny retromarginal teeth. Legs slender, with one, eight, and four ventral spines on patellae, tibiae, and metatarsi I, respectively. Abdomen slightly constricted at anterior 1 / 5, dorsum mainly dark, covered with several white scales; venter dark brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A2AB18FAAC71AE8C1CAF3545C40B5575">
<emphasis id="0717083F0C41F7FF91BE2ABE90D89AA5" bold="true" italics="true">Palp</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="60E1D7997E03257AB6D1F5118B7053B8" captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Male palp of Myrmarachne kuan sp. nov., paratype (TRU - JS 0745) A ventral B retrolateral C dorsal. Abbreviations: E embolus; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201117">12 A C</figureCitation>
): femur length / width ratio ca 2.5; patella ~ 1.4 × longer than wide in retrolateral view; tibia broad, with prolateral projected portion, and tapered retrolateral apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EOKAI" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="D0DAD1545B552A5391390A44F7C3EC39">RTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) approximately as long as tibia, slightly curved inward distally, and with rather pointed tip; cymbium length / width ratio ca 1.37, tapered at distal 1 / 4; tegulum flat and round, with sperm duct extending along submargin circularly; embolus (E) originating at ca 6 oclock position of tegulum, making ca 540 ° course and terminating at ca 1: 30 oclock position.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="88923A9D1CB1E6E57B53EE01117FB890">
<emphasis id="508ADAD69A43942F9FFEA29E3041B0FB" bold="true">Female</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="534ECA24C727877A96CAFC989E6AB45D" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Myrmarachne kuan sp. nov. C E, G holotype and A, B, F, H female paratype (TRU - JS 0747) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, F habitus, dorsal D ditto, ventral E ditto, lateral G, H chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; At atrium; CD copulatory duct; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, H); 0.5 mm (C G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201118">13 A, B, F, H</figureCitation>
). Total length 4.33. Carapace 1.88 long, 0.86 wide. Abdomen 1.96 long, 1.12 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E1KAI" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.30,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E5KAI" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.15,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ECLAI" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.14,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EGLAI" xlink_title="anterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="24EB915FC2F0E5B07ED98264BFEA4FEC">AERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
0.87,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EKLAI" xlink_title="posterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="509304B66D0032571681F171AE4CF40C">PERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
0.92,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EOLAI" xlink_title="eye field length">EFL</abbrev>
0.61. Legs: I 2.44 (0.68, 0.40, 0.68, 0.40, 0.28), II 2.02 (0.58, 0.38, 0.50, 0.33, 0.23), III 2.12 (0.60, 0.33, 0.48, 0.48, 0.23), IV 3.03 (0.90, 0.45, 0.75, 0.63, 0.30). Habitus (Fig.
<figureCitation id="D27FCFB5D778DAED41E4A97DD3AD2F4A" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Myrmarachne kuan sp. nov. C E, G holotype and A, B, F, H female paratype (TRU - JS 0747) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, F habitus, dorsal D ditto, ventral E ditto, lateral G, H chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; At atrium; CD copulatory duct; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, H); 0.5 mm (C G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201118">13 F</figureCitation>
) similar to that of male except less-developed chelicerae (Fig.
<figureCitation id="89AD50D21B3D59B0C97D0766F8929AF9" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Myrmarachne kuan sp. nov. C E, G holotype and A, B, F, H female paratype (TRU - JS 0747) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, F habitus, dorsal D ditto, ventral E ditto, lateral G, H chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; At atrium; CD copulatory duct; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, H); 0.5 mm (C G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201118">13 H</figureCitation>
) with six larger retromarginal teeth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D3476AF3965178DEFBF4DE8CE30BF2F7">
<emphasis id="64F3A33D0385C31D2F256E5C3E87FF94" bold="true" italics="true">Epigyne</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="BD61EEF328C52FFFDF4F9A206256C918" captionStart="Figure 13" captionStartId="F13" captionText="Figure 13. Myrmarachne kuan sp. nov. C E, G holotype and A, B, F, H female paratype (TRU - JS 0747) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, F habitus, dorsal D ditto, ventral E ditto, lateral G, H chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; At atrium; CD copulatory duct; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, H); 0.5 mm (C G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure13" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201118">13 A, B</figureCitation>
) longer than wide, with posterior, bell-shaped hood (H); atrium (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EFMAI" xlink_title="atrium">At</abbrev>
) paired, almost round; copulatory openings (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJMAI" xlink_title="copulatory opening">CO</abbrev>
) invisible; sclerotized portions of copulatory ducts slender, forming complicated coils, and with short accessory glands (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENMAI" xlink_title="accessory gland">
<collectionCode id="25E03DFD0C6BF23FD2C10F76B7F443B1">AG</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) on position of proximal 2 / 5; spermathecae (S) elongated, folded twice; fertilization ducts (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERMAI" xlink_title="fertilization duct">
<collectionCode id="BCD121137898FDBC0A55BEF564849022">FD</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) originating from antero-inner portions of spermathecae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EVMAI" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="16C5EE3F451111559338356A2CBEF90E">
<heading id="036A4A017B6DB8BD046F035DD6490FE5" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="95FE0BC68172FC4E85F6B5A341F79BF2">
<collectingCountry id="B19AC58AF2FAB3163780F52654D69535" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="310A13A5EB7AE437D5F1ABD3571B91CE" country="China" name="Hainan">Hainan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="038107E3D0A7B529FCAE925EFB612C6F" country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
; Fig.
<figureCitation id="B3DA457E64D7C5811543155D299B5B35" captionStart="Figure 48" captionStartId="F48" captionText="Figure 48. Distributional records of Irura qiuhangi sp. nov., Myrmarachne kuan sp. nov., Nandicius xiefengi sp. nov., Padillothorax exilis (Cao &amp; Li, 2016), Pancorius yingjiang sp. nov., Siler hanoicus Prószyński, 1985, Simaetha hainan sp. nov., Synagelides yidei sp. nov., and S. zilongi sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201157">48</figureCitation>
).
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<heading id="8DAF88CBA25C93091E0621C0044FDC41" reason="label">Genus</heading>
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<emphasis id="018E0F4BB46CB340217DCA6189C74AF6" italics="true">Simaetha</emphasis>
Thorell, 1881
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<paragraph id="839BF27E3BF40D16931B83917AA49AE9">
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<typeStatus id="59E7FC01C00F4654270BEA5F8FCA7DDD">Type</typeStatus>
species.
</heading>
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<paragraph id="DB5D488376B4B75D10CAF607000736FE">
<taxonomicName id="4E02F7C597569A257F8884249D6FA5E6" authority="Thorell, 1881" authorityName="Thorell" authorityYear="1881" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Simaetha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thoracica">
<emphasis id="1F23CE43C66490B85D26082DE857D295" italics="true">Simaetha thoracica</emphasis>
Thorell, 1881
</taxonomicName>
;
<typeStatus id="E86A2E77D2E3831AE1B24BFA9839ED8B">type</typeStatus>
locality
<collectingCountry id="75A7563357F06D15D894B16225867431" name="Australia">Australia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EG6DI" type="comments">
<paragraph id="3B6BD6EBA003CBE76AB37778FE5E9C63">
<heading id="0E2BB7DB0495AB006B25495081D07AD2" reason="title">Comments.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D00FD1A9E30D7009D8A5A56895BD76E4">
The genus was assigned by
<bibRefCitation id="5711D54FA4F548EC34A6594AEE543B3F" DOI="10.1636/arac-43-03-231-292" author="Maddison WP" firstAuthor="Maddison" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of Arachnology" pagination="231-292" refId="B18" refString="Maddison WP (2015) A phylogenetic classification of jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae). The Journal of Arachnology 43 (3): 231292. https://doi.org/10.1636/arac-43-03-231-292" title="A phylogenetic classification of jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae)." volume="43" year="2015">Maddison (2015)</bibRefCitation>
in the subtribe
<taxonomicName id="B681BA0915838D65FCC8A473C936E8F5" authority="Simon, 1903" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1903" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Simaethina">Simaethina Simon, 1903</taxonomicName>
within the tribe
<taxonomicName id="FC831F8D29E999E18B7BA23B7EDDF597" authority="Simon, 1901" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1901" rank="tribe" tribe="Viciriini">Viciriini Simon, 1901</taxonomicName>
, and is represented by 23 nominal species, mainly distributed from South Asia to
<collectingCountry id="4CD9FA1E8346D8169023E43D66A9C636" name="Australia">Australia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="3B9115F92A1E986C1EF9D4E34D9B6022" DOI="10.24436/2" refId="B35" refString="World Spider Catalog (2024) World Spider Catalog. Version 25.0. Natural History Museum Bern, http://wsc.nmbe.ch. [accessed on 3 Jul. 2024] https://doi.org/10.24436/2" url="http://wsc.nmbe.ch" year="2024">WSC 2024</bibRefCitation>
). Although a detailed revision of Oceanian species has been done by
<bibRefCitation id="7AEF7B628BC097248BE3CA361D9FEEE2" author="Żabka M" firstAuthor="Zabka" journalOrPublisher="Records of the Western Australian Museum" pagination="499-534" refId="B42" refString="Żabka M (1994) Salticidae (Arachnida: Araneae) of Oriental, Australian and Pacific regions, X. Genus Simaetha Thorell. Records of the Western Australian Museum 16: 499534." title="Salticidae (Arachnida: Araneae) of Oriental, Australian and Pacific regions, X. Genus Simaetha Thorell." volume="16" year="1994">Żabka (1994)</bibRefCitation>
, the genus remains poorly studied because nearly half (11) of the species are known only from a single sex, and four species cannot be precisely identified due to lack of diagnostic drawings (
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<mods:identifier id="50689BB53C4F9AF1418E7DE535F0DDF5" type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="B23C8064A3649AA4AFFD1E3C4080A84B" type="ZooBank">B61D8EFC-2753-4B88-8A36-DAB1F37D96BB</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="6D15C05EC67456A79813BED89D1B0777" ID-arpha="6D15C05E-C674-56A7-9813-BED89D1B0777" ID-zoobank="https://zoobank.org/C4E290D2-5E94-4C5B-8DF3-A14C58250BFD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6D15C05EC67456A79813BED89D1B0777" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C4E290D2-5E94-4C5B-8DF3-A14C58250BFD" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6D15C05EC67456A79813BED89D1B0777">
<subSubSection id="EF87E8FAC72BA396C0280E8E32FF1869" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="C20B9F2B1701497E7A32E6E97963BBFE">
<taxonomicName id="B2A3439A4E5B93E6EC2FF21A5574BE43" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Pancorius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yingjiang" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="1BAF491A7EF8C328760EA3111930AC43" italics="true">Pancorius yingjiang</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="396A93C235CACC47AF3EAC59C9FB9EC2" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="3389DBDF59DA2B4D872DEA08A18BB014" type="description">
<paragraph id="0A4062B2635536F425930384A76900D1">
<figureCitation id="66D09D43C05AC4112974807FB00F8FDD" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Pancorius yingjiang sp. nov. E H female holotype and A D male paratype (TRU - JS 0766) A palp, prolateral B ditto, ventral C ditto, retrolateral D, E hatitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral G carapace, frontal H chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: E embolus; PL posterior tegular lobe; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (D, G); 1.0 mm (E, F); 0.1 mm (A C, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201127">Figs 21</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="EE510D1ED0BE29CCD76FB49A3804E505" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Epigyne of Pancorius yingjiang sp. nov., female holotype A, B epigyne, ventral C, D vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; CO copulatory opening; CD copulatory duct; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201128">22</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E16EEEA467FC00303A05E355BAD1CC42" captionStart="Figure 48" captionStartId="F48" captionText="Figure 48. Distributional records of Irura qiuhangi sp. nov., Myrmarachne kuan sp. nov., Nandicius xiefengi sp. nov., Padillothorax exilis (Cao &amp; Li, 2016), Pancorius yingjiang sp. nov., Siler hanoicus Prószyński, 1985, Simaetha hainan sp. nov., Synagelides yidei sp. nov., and S. zilongi sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201157">48</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E4SCI" type="type material">
<paragraph id="234A138661865D61FFB16A93CAA38165">
<heading id="17D0F9252CF8C74EE07BE1B1A27372F4" reason="title">Type material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F3775262E5B0DA216415068B470DD92A">
<materialsCitation id="20C2EFD2A91187917FA28094568D573B" collectingDate="2024-05-03" collectionCode="TRU" collectorName="H. Qiu" country="China" county="Yingjiang County" latitude="24.599333" location="Tongbiguan Township" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="97.641335" municipality="Dehong Dai Autonomous Prefecture" specimenCode="JS 0765" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="32D2A78165D1CB4397D3CDB70A1E89DE" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="BAF42C02806740A99319785F7743A789" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="3FA5BDEF3702C09091724EC3823F5107" count="1" type="female"></specimenCount>
(
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EITCI" xlink_title="Tongren University">
<collectionCode id="36F5223650FE0E16735E3D090B64D630" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">TRU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
-
<specimenCode id="DE26CC80DFB246E8B46383C905446D07" collectionCode="TRU" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMTCI" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0765
</specimenCode>
),
<collectingCountry id="E3F50B2FBF87ED2A61497073D929C053" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
: •
<collectingRegion id="DB4888B881A9F7C5914BAFCC59D84626" country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="5CADE40E00698B0FF92D8B0AD7ED05D8">Dehong Dai Autonomous Prefecture</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="FAC2F2CDFED47022135D463B70109A26">Yingjiang County</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="CA43F82E16EA674685466B7E26EC54F1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6D15C05EC67456A79813BED89D1B0777:CA43F82E16EA674685466B7E26EC54F1" country="China" county="Yingjiang County" latitude="24.599333" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="97.641335" municipality="Dehong Dai Autonomous Prefecture" name="Tongbiguan Township" stateProvince="Yunnan">Tongbiguan Township</location>
,
<location id="B9D4A0B89A2E4D938E4A778665574D8A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6D15C05EC67456A79813BED89D1B0777:B9D4A0B89A2E4D938E4A778665574D8A" country="China" county="Yingjiang County" latitude="24.599333" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="97.641335" municipality="Dehong Dai Autonomous Prefecture" name="Banggetong" stateProvince="Yunnan">Banggetong</location>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0ETTCI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[97.641333,24.599333]}">
<geoCoordinate id="D4BB4274A6BF4C0844F6BE91A6FFB401" degrees="24" direction="north" minutes="35.96" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="24.599333">24 ° 35.96 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="4C114F63088BB8A53EEECE93A047DA89" degrees="97" direction="east" minutes="38.48" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="97.641335">97 ° 38.48 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
, elevation undetailed)
<date id="AD519EAB24D9E32A071A37C2C24277D2" value="2024-05-03">
<collectingDate id="30183A33ACE14207491076FE53ACF867" value="2024-05-03">3. V. 2024</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="D5233B69B9015805B0E7F9843408F56F">H. Qiu</collectorName>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="A694938A4A1F0F94D65B11F0E173AC9C" collectingDate="2024-05-03" collectionCode="TRU" collectorName="H. Qiu" country="China" county="Yingjiang County" latitude="24.599333" location="Tongbiguan Township" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="97.641335" municipality="Dehong Dai Autonomous Prefecture" specimenCode="JS 0766-0768" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-male="3" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="C5B23977101AE64968D81402B1B7E97E" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="CBC80B8C7E9D258566435857CC22AE46" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="5D4A4A0BE26E4B2ABF7DA4E5D26FA6D2" count="3" type="male">3 ♂</specimenCount>
(
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E2TCI" xlink_title="Tongren University">
<collectionCode id="910D580712CB5302B66FED1F04C815C3" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">TRU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
-
<specimenCode id="3C815D32FC7A96449C13EAF18C51F781" collectionCode="TRU" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E6TCI" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
07660768
</specimenCode>
), same data as for holotype
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EDUCI" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="6B89511C4DA1BE52BAFC0BCC9623B506">
<heading id="86A22422EA75AB1316849D6BE57AF4CA" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0A25A3B4D9698BFDB40BAC19DCBD60C4">
The species name comes from the
<typeStatus id="0DC0B484A1F55518FBC8D744B7159A15">type</typeStatus>
locality, Yingjiang County; noun in apposition.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EIUCI" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="60CFCA5F6C0E33A2AD8C46752A5FE36E">
<heading id="F1A115E6714D54AB9C7B2045B2BBECC9" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DD6CB0B74A266A35718EEF5A5D73052A">
<taxonomicName id="4A58D94AE5D70273661216221B4EE18A" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Pancorius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yingjiang" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="351F96190CCD06A908EB600FA346641A" italics="true">Pancorius yingjiang</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C0A5E2C83A98CE82079426E80D00F284" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
resembles that of
<taxonomicName id="D10FAF5D1EE6FAF9C208533E28CCACE6" authority="(Biswas &amp; Biswas, 2004)" baseAuthorityName="Biswas &amp; Biswas" baseAuthorityYear="2004" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Pancorius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manipuriensis">
<emphasis id="579EB22783893279F979F76933EEDD28" italics="true">P. manipuriensis</emphasis>
(Biswas &amp; Biswas, 2004)
</taxonomicName>
in having a similar male palp and a small, anteriorly located epigynal hood (H), but can be easily distinguished by the following: 1) copulatory openings (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EEVCI" xlink_title="copulatory opening">CO</abbrev>
) opened anteriorly (Fig.
<figureCitation id="C0B6C38EAB9412CC63E3C2191204D976" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Epigyne of Pancorius yingjiang sp. nov., female holotype A, B epigyne, ventral C, D vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; CO copulatory opening; CD copulatory duct; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201128">22 A, B</figureCitation>
) vs opened opposite (
<bibRefCitation id="230A73CCA43A98DE4C82C037FB46BE23" DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5230.3.8" author="Caleb" firstAuthor="Caleb" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pagination="391-400" refId="B4" refString="Caleb JTD (2023) Deciphering mysteries: on the identity of five enigmatic jumping spiders from northeast India, China and Philippines (Araneae, Salticidae). Zootaxa 5230 (3): 391400. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5230.3.8" title="Deciphering mysteries: on the identity of five enigmatic jumping spiders from northeast India, China and Philippines (Araneae, Salticidae)." volume="5230" year="2023">Caleb 2023</bibRefCitation>
: figs 21, 22); 2) epigynal hoods (H) posterior to copulatory openings (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQVCI" xlink_title="copulatory opening">CO</abbrev>
) (Fig.
<figureCitation id="D893F05E4870D618169C1E4AF7B2679B" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Epigyne of Pancorius yingjiang sp. nov., female holotype A, B epigyne, ventral C, D vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; CO copulatory opening; CD copulatory duct; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201128">22 A, B</figureCitation>
) vs lateral to copulatory openings (
<bibRefCitation id="8D561EA8892ACBA73A326621D8AEED23" DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5230.3.8" author="Caleb" firstAuthor="Caleb" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pagination="391-400" refId="B4" refString="Caleb JTD (2023) Deciphering mysteries: on the identity of five enigmatic jumping spiders from northeast India, China and Philippines (Araneae, Salticidae). Zootaxa 5230 (3): 391400. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5230.3.8" title="Deciphering mysteries: on the identity of five enigmatic jumping spiders from northeast India, China and Philippines (Araneae, Salticidae)." volume="5230" year="2023">Caleb 2023</bibRefCitation>
: figs 21, 22); 3) retrolateral tibial apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3VCI" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="A05382DA871C137F49AB0DDF8F2240C0">RTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) directed towards ca 12 oclock position in ventral view (Fig.
<figureCitation id="64658AF68C322F729F239F97B81BDA1C" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Pancorius yingjiang sp. nov. E H female holotype and A D male paratype (TRU - JS 0766) A palp, prolateral B ditto, ventral C ditto, retrolateral D, E hatitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral G carapace, frontal H chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: E embolus; PL posterior tegular lobe; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (D, G); 1.0 mm (E, F); 0.1 mm (A C, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201127">21 B</figureCitation>
) vs ca 2 oclock position (
<bibRefCitation id="0718DF68B32E0698CF1BCB204C3FA246" DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5230.3.8" author="Caleb" firstAuthor="Caleb" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pagination="391-400" refId="B4" refString="Caleb JTD (2023) Deciphering mysteries: on the identity of five enigmatic jumping spiders from northeast India, China and Philippines (Araneae, Salticidae). Zootaxa 5230 (3): 391400. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5230.3.8" title="Deciphering mysteries: on the identity of five enigmatic jumping spiders from northeast India, China and Philippines (Araneae, Salticidae)." volume="5230" year="2023">Caleb 2023</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 15).
</paragraph>
<caption id="94F2CEB12FAC2E4FDE6E623F27FACEF4" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure21" ID-arpha="7833E0F7-B031-55EE-8DDB-938B0A6796CC" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201127" startId="F21">
<paragraph id="C17A4F97B8B2CDCD43439A0C9F34DCA9">
<label id="AC2331E2B7E08813B5A956E621307FA2">Figure 21.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="208C362FC0ADB4E7A6CF0C71A36CC4DD">
<taxonomicName id="00D640C240EDFDD8A8402DEA84AC502E" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Pancorius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yingjiang" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3B1EACCED7A2C9E760B1FA060142DAEF" italics="true">Pancorius yingjiang</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8CF2A1A722DC9608BD6DD0B3A24CF667" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="2C5EF130F455A9C8FC09208069293CC3" bold="true">E H</emphasis>
female holotype and
<emphasis id="E5A3E872841D67F802CDFC3F497852C0" bold="true">A D</emphasis>
male paratype (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E6WCI" xlink_title="Tongren University">TRU</abbrev>
-
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EDXCI" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0766)
<emphasis id="60641EA7732BD4B760915976931041CF" bold="true">A</emphasis>
palp, prolateral
<emphasis id="80914F095DADC90A803C5468929E05D4" bold="true">B</emphasis>
ditto, ventral
<emphasis id="0BA281303B54A591C51B4C225ABD1A89" bold="true">C</emphasis>
ditto, retrolateral
<emphasis id="5AF0944A3B430FB6CD35AEB9ED3B7C36" bold="true">D, E</emphasis>
hatitus, dorsal
<emphasis id="8F755374385FB9D9B740215C7745B194" bold="true">F</emphasis>
ditto, ventral
<emphasis id="D9CDAD38C21A7A9801FDCF02CFC2022F" bold="true">G</emphasis>
carapace, frontal
<emphasis id="F3ACA564B45FCA6BCB81F8233356F491" bold="true">H</emphasis>
chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: E embolus;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVXCI" xlink_title="posterior tegular lobe">PL</abbrev>
posterior tegular lobe;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZXCI" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">RTA</abbrev>
retrolateral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (
<emphasis id="09D20B99F44AB3ECB7092F47F7055B82" bold="true">D, G</emphasis>
); 1.0 mm (
<emphasis id="0A06FBE1077B52AC2219C01C21959BB7" bold="true">E, F</emphasis>
); 0.1 mm (
<emphasis id="3A511F537A943992AA10C564F97A97D7" bold="true">A C, H</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="A7C8930325E25092783722F6F7588261" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure22" ID-arpha="0CB7EB3B-3D52-58AE-B422-C4E65F56DB59" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201128" startId="F22">
<paragraph id="0E8EA4D421522DFCEE57789A740BAE61">
<label id="358261783EA61418274AA9AA8CB2D18D">Figure 22.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E39E00B4D6312DCE70DB19997D81BD69">
Epigyne of
<taxonomicName id="16B215FD99A1519FF266F1FC2E49AAC3" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Pancorius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yingjiang" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="695239812DB3B7BFA3FD51942428FFFB" italics="true">Pancorius yingjiang</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4BA3661B3E013C371CE081D4725610E3" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, female holotype
<emphasis id="7C8E6CA86582446CFF6F0A619628216F" bold="true">A, B</emphasis>
epigyne, ventral
<emphasis id="0C705982913A43CB3DB3980AAF4C489E" bold="true">C, D</emphasis>
vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E6YCI" xlink_title="accessory gland">AG</abbrev>
accessory gland;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EDZCI" xlink_title="copulatory opening">CO</abbrev>
copulatory opening;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EHZCI" xlink_title="copulatory duct">CD</abbrev>
copulatory duct;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ELZCI" xlink_title="fertilization duct">FD</abbrev>
fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EUZCI" type="description">
<paragraph id="23FD637A221E07CFF0AE1A27464E45C7">
<heading id="9775F4BA4C8BE0343EB0C56D60922D4F" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6BFAF19031ADB641C4D871536F9BBB4A">
<emphasis id="3EE24216652FF59694FABB9A096E00EC" bold="true">Female</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation id="830CB7F24DF5E3101FD58D51FEC05A18" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Pancorius yingjiang sp. nov. E H female holotype and A D male paratype (TRU - JS 0766) A palp, prolateral B ditto, ventral C ditto, retrolateral D, E hatitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral G carapace, frontal H chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: E embolus; PL posterior tegular lobe; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (D, G); 1.0 mm (E, F); 0.1 mm (A C, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201127">21 E H</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="CEC242065EBB343BB35ACF65BBDDEF39" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Epigyne of Pancorius yingjiang sp. nov., female holotype A, B epigyne, ventral C, D vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; CO copulatory opening; CD copulatory duct; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201128">22</figureCitation>
). Total length 6.40. Carapace 3.03 long, 2.40 wide. Abdomen 3.23 long, 2.43 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EE1CI" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.72,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EI1CI" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.43,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EM1CI" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.38,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQ1CI" xlink_title="anterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="B8F2E98084334EC5B166C881D08C3AA7">AERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
2.30,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EU1CI" xlink_title="posterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="1A21EC5D4889E8945BF19B206686E0DD">PERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
2.20,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EY1CI" xlink_title="eye field length">EFL</abbrev>
1.40. Legs: I 6.16 (1.88, 1.18, 1.50, 1.00, 0.60), II 5.56 (1.63, 1.10, 1.25, 0.95, 0.63), III 6.61 (2.13, 1.00, 1.45, 1.35, 0.68), IV 6.97 (2.13, 0.98, 1.55, 1.63, 0.68). Carapace yellow-brown, covered with dark golden and pale setae, with irregular yellow area anteriorly on thoracic part. Chelicerae brawny, with two promarginal teeth and one retromarginal tooth. Legs pale, mingled with red-brown, spiny. Dorsum of abdomen dark and spotted laterally, with central, longitudinal, pale stripe and two pairs of median muscle depressions; venter dark centrally, with pair of dotted lines.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CC181BF3DB6D454FB80D50D34D32EE83">
<emphasis id="78CD738A28DF24CC43FF6BF2F71626F4" bold="true" italics="true">Epigyne</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="4F76E59F79E86EBF09BF20FDF867AD65" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Epigyne of Pancorius yingjiang sp. nov., female holotype A, B epigyne, ventral C, D vulva, dorsal. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; CO copulatory opening; CD copulatory duct; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201128">22 A D</figureCitation>
) with pair of anterior, small hoods (H) below copulatory openings (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EH2CI" xlink_title="copulatory opening">CO</abbrev>
); copulatory openings slit-shaped, opened anteriorly, and apart from each other &lt;1 / 2 their width; copulatory ducts (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EL2CI" xlink_title="copulatory duct">
<collectionCode id="09B81E41EC7315A62CA411725682A79D">CD</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) broad, with small, mediolateral accessory glands (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EP2CI" xlink_title="accessory gland">
<collectionCode id="0128B26D53DF234BC606E2AC7D73BD61">AG</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
); spermathecae (S) almost round, touching each other.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1F98A2B469CB3223CFF938F7F3CB8465">
<emphasis id="1178BFBC299CE3C249CCE40E80150096" bold="true">Male</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="24F512701D31B86BD6CDA880D93B3C72" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Pancorius yingjiang sp. nov. E H female holotype and A D male paratype (TRU - JS 0766) A palp, prolateral B ditto, ventral C ditto, retrolateral D, E hatitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral G carapace, frontal H chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: E embolus; PL posterior tegular lobe; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (D, G); 1.0 mm (E, F); 0.1 mm (A C, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201127">21 A D</figureCitation>
). Total length 5.23. Carapace 2.66 long, 2.14 wide. Abdomen 2.63 long, 1.60 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E22CI" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.66,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E62CI" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.40,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ED3CI" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.37,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EH3CI" xlink_title="anterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="063EED4AC3DB8A36F27479AD1E3E0D18">AERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
2.06,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EL3CI" xlink_title="posterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="33F3034113E6B879A69EDE71278FB427">PERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.97,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EP3CI" xlink_title="eye field length">EFL</abbrev>
1.26. Legs: I 6.84 (2.00, 1.08, 1.78, 1.25, 0.73), II 5.64 (1.75, 0.90, 1.33, 1.03, 0.63), III 6.54 (2.08, 0.90, 1.38, 1.45, 0.73), IV 6.82 (2.03, 0.85, 1.43, 1.58, 0.93). Habitus (Fig.
<figureCitation id="7C4C1F7B7149308CAF7F5B1FAAE89DEB" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Pancorius yingjiang sp. nov. E H female holotype and A D male paratype (TRU - JS 0766) A palp, prolateral B ditto, ventral C ditto, retrolateral D, E hatitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral G carapace, frontal H chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: E embolus; PL posterior tegular lobe; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (D, G); 1.0 mm (E, F); 0.1 mm (A C, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201127">21 D</figureCitation>
) similar to that of female except carapace darker, and without central, longitudinal, pale stripe on dorsum of abdomen.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BAB249DFE96F8D7F7994AD8F66EEE610">
<emphasis id="834240D0EFF852466C562BB01F14CDAD" bold="true" italics="true">Palp</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="C24C3D6237F30656AC71ED96B6D3E7AF" captionStart="Figure 21" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 21. Pancorius yingjiang sp. nov. E H female holotype and A D male paratype (TRU - JS 0766) A palp, prolateral B ditto, ventral C ditto, retrolateral D, E hatitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral G carapace, frontal H chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: E embolus; PL posterior tegular lobe; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (D, G); 1.0 mm (E, F); 0.1 mm (A C, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure21" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201127">21 A C</figureCitation>
): femur length / width ratio ca 3.34; patella ~ 1 / 2 femoral length; tibia slightly longer than wide, with strongly sclerotized, tapered retrolateral apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EC4CI" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="7C3AA19E9D1E6EBE39A9EDA814DB4F70">RTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) curved distally and with pointed tip; cymbium ~ 1.5 × longer than wide; tegulum slightly swollen posteriorly, with well-developed posterior lobe (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EG4CI" xlink_title="posterior tegular lobe">
<collectionCode id="F0F5E6C24C84FA008439CAA70B5FE2CD" country="Czech Republic" name="Západoceské muzeum v Plzni" type="Museum">PL</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) with blunt end; embolus (E) arising from anteroprolateral portion of tegulum, with median sub-triangular extension and pointed end.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EK4CI" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="53EB1EAA1CB6CFE35BF88F25F45728A9">
<heading id="4AC2880B55DA8A4D7603A5CFDF0E46E0" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F3615FAC091B51B5E7D954DFA76E95D0">
Known only from the
<typeStatus id="AB65FD9FDBDD2A254C53D50856035501">type</typeStatus>
locality in
<collectingRegion id="FBBC2B31C626A372187C5D32A735DC7E" country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="8DBB8BE0374511F19ED001A1E4292005" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="44038F3BFD6238BAFB9988A7A8FCD940" captionStart="Figure 48" captionStartId="F48" captionText="Figure 48. Distributional records of Irura qiuhangi sp. nov., Myrmarachne kuan sp. nov., Nandicius xiefengi sp. nov., Padillothorax exilis (Cao &amp; Li, 2016), Pancorius yingjiang sp. nov., Siler hanoicus Prószyński, 1985, Simaetha hainan sp. nov., Synagelides yidei sp. nov., and S. zilongi sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201157">48</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EU4CI" type="comments">
<paragraph id="D6F3327D083E46DDD9ADD36D0A25DA9A">
<heading id="D8B8610AF5745EE197AA8771D86E5F69" reason="title">Comments.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A86077BC0F0DA4FD3E50DD3A99CCAE43">
As the female can be more easily distinguished from other congeners than the male, it is proposed as the
<typeStatus id="4F6DCA656C356131DACCB62BAB4C816B" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,416 @@
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<mods:title id="56D77C0D208FC21816D346F5DEE5BE30">Taxonomic notes of jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae) from Guangxi, Hainan, Sichuan, Xizang and Yunnan, China</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="ED010A7859DF149C1C8E5A126DD0DF51">Wang, Cheng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="79604AEB1D859E66CCC1FE7035BC24C6">Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in the Fanjing Mountain Region, Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou 554300, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6C4966D4F1BC9AD803B6C09366FDB092">Mi, Xiaoqi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="FF3151FEE3A2D21B8E875D26CD0BA37F">Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in the Fanjing Mountain Region, Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou 554300, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="EA0D08B293FA4C9762C196362F1D7DBF">Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China &amp; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="F60DEA0262AB533B8B6520CC3B684B54">College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="5055BC3EC60DE512026AB10DE095658C" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="CC2A2735522A7C252C240D0D94E4A1A3">
<taxonomicName id="E5FD35A8ACB913E712DA17450C25056F" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Synagelides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yunchangi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E9DBF79322ED1A0497C49A6174F2513F" italics="true">Synagelides yunchangi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="BD7737D16A47F5741AAB389C62D5172C" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E36AEF8A868B5DCDCB4807ECD29AE684" type="description">
<paragraph id="BD2D38F4AD2C78E5EDBEB0E124EDD0E8">
<figureCitation id="5BA35187F0385D47FC83346CA0B8A034" captionStart="Figure 37" captionStartId="F37" captionText="Figure 37. Male palp of Synagelides yunchangi sp. nov., holotype A prolateral B retrolateral C ventral D dorsal. Abbreviations: DCA dorsal cymbial apophysis; DTA dorsal tibial apophysis; E embolus; MA median apophysis; MTP membranous tegular peak; PB patellar bump of male palp; PFA prolateral femoral apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; UI U-shaped incision of embolic disc; VTP ventral tibial process. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201145">Figs 37</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="1A69C0C4FF8C44F60A5A629E4FC029B1" captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Synagelides yunchangi sp. nov. E, F, H, I male holotype A, C, D, G female paratype (TRU - JS 0800) B female paratype (TRU - JS 0801) A C epigyne, ventral D vulva, dorsal E, G habitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral H carapace, frontal I chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; At atrium; AR atrial ridge; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; F epigynal fold; FD fertilization duct; S spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A D, I); 0.5 mm (E H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201146">38</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="DA6E7A9693F89E032FCBC05F69B35F39" captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="F47" captionText="Figure 47. Distributional records of Cheliceroides jinxini sp. nov., Dendroicius qiong sp. nov., Icius deergong sp. nov., I. yarlungzangbo sp. nov., Mintonia shiwandashan sp. nov., Okinawicius nepalicus (Andreeva, Hęciak &amp; Prószyński, 1984), Pancorius medog sp. nov., Piranthus maddisoni sp. nov., Stertinius lhoba sp. nov., Synagelides kongmingi sp. nov., S. yunchangi sp. nov., S. xuandei sp. nov., Yaginumaella daweishan sp. nov., Y. moinba sp. nov., and Y. pingbian sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201156">47</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EFLCK" type="type material">
<paragraph id="6D745C3F4472D85DC7196E5EFE7EAC86">
<heading id="2DA06B920500C8E5A211CB246E119EE6" reason="title">Type material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D4753C1758EB00E9E2F864FE0AB31510">
<materialsCitation id="0223D8088F0D9A21CCD011E2F0F8B497" collectingDate="2021-10-11" collectionCode="TRU" collectorName="A. L. He" country="China" county="Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County" elevation="1520" latitude="23.9675" location="Laibing City" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="110.10883" municipality="Autonomous Region" specimenCode="JS 0795" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Guangxi" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="BDD1BF9BE7032C2762D5DC81CA970DCB" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="4385AAC78571EAAE6434CFC4A00979C3" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="61905D4D3CFC5D05599679A6E2EDDC01" count="1" type="male"></specimenCount>
(
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQLCK" xlink_title="Tongren University">
<collectionCode id="7392B7532EA2229B680A2F9AE92E808E" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">TRU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
-
<specimenCode id="2DB8D9C7078B632089E755D3CFDF1AA2" collectionCode="TRU" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EULCK" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0795
</specimenCode>
),
<collectingCountry id="A613617227F750642A6C87664B7B7317" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
: •
<collectingRegion id="7E5CA389728E3E3293B85CC43CB8B475" country="China" name="Guangxi">Guangxi Zhuang</collectingRegion>
<collectingMunicipality id="A8AE82D99C21F4A279481FCA894FAB4A">Autonomous Region</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="646EA2B6D950A3BA90F6CD7AAB61C430" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:85925AFF056453629AFE196678E05D3B:646EA2B6D950A3BA90F6CD7AAB61C430" country="China" county="Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County" latitude="23.9675" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="110.10883" municipality="Autonomous Region" name="Laibing City" stateProvince="Guangxi">Laibing City</location>
,
<collectingCounty id="CFFEF20E251184AB0F5C02B87EAA7017">Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="804CCF94F745DD8671AAD1EA4B89CA0E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:85925AFF056453629AFE196678E05D3B:804CCF94F745DD8671AAD1EA4B89CA0E" country="China" county="Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County" latitude="23.9675" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="110.10883" municipality="Autonomous Region" name="Shengtangshan Scenic Area" stateProvince="Guangxi">Shengtangshan Scenic Area</location>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E2LCK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[110.108833,23.967500]}">
<geoCoordinate id="ECD0D5B7006C8748B481AC8D08F26828" degrees="23" direction="north" minutes="58.05" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="23.9675">23 ° 58.05 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9EE4ECCAB09D20DBAB615A36356A6F0C" degrees="110" direction="east" minutes="6.53" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="110.10883">110 ° 6.53 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
, ca
<quantity id="D81158EAD60F42EFCC973873A0361B34" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.52" unit="m" value="1520.0">
<elevation id="07C95864EB44A22EAEFA8726A0EDD96B" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.52" unit="m" value="1520.0">1520 m</elevation>
</quantity>
),
<date id="9008858A0EBAF755B5D579D1A02CF00A" value="2021-10-11">
<collectingDate id="B8C5DD214CDD843E542FA7F7B4AF55B1" value="2021-10-11">11. X. 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="2C91DA8AF970D6A7D000CC018F88628D">A. L. He</collectorName>
et al. leg
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="9FEB224C0B6D119EA8339DE6198EA919" collectingDate="2021-10-11" collectionCode="TRU" collectorName="A. L. He" country="China" county="Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County" elevation="1520" latitude="23.9675" location="Laibing City" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="110.10883" municipality="Autonomous Region" specimenCode="JS 0796-0801" specimenCount="6" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="4" stateProvince="Guangxi" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="8F7F95AA78422D5D935675451490FC3F" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="4EE2C62BAFCA6280D83FF984CE22E492" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="A44402111271B4732061E1752228BD92" count="4" type="male">4 ♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="075FC9DCB05718CA0B202574D691C08C" count="2" type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
(
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EDMCK" xlink_title="Tongren University">
<collectionCode id="E69266D20FB863ACF2C784E15E15AFD1" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">TRU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
-
<specimenCode id="84DA5566C69939935790DEF791808FF7" collectionCode="TRU" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EHMCK" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
07960801
</specimenCode>
), same data as for holotype
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ELMCK" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="BC963EE6569A71B12123B253AA14706A">
<heading id="A05B7B6B52A57B67531C3E8E38048509" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E58A89805C9B9E8517D6122A555E51B1">
The specific name is after Mr. Guan Yunchang, who is one of the famous Shu Generals in the Three Kingdoms of ancient
<collectingCountry id="CAD91D7CDF9AD2F79B70F203A2A1D31B" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
; noun (name) in the genitive case.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EQMCK" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="ED8F2A82476BF1589A8BACD9CEF1FA7F">
<heading id="FCA87BD03A90164002241C9AF86438B4" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AC5A5E4A1E6E1DE8813A264B7A88D049">
<taxonomicName id="E400041C17BBC19F0DF5693362AC68CF" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Synagelides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yunchangi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="73BFCB3265328EB28201C00001B83E3F" italics="true">Synagelides yunchangi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C05DE3A1B61E900D4AF3FBB479232314" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
resembles that of
<taxonomicName id="257224224CEECC760B97160E7359841B" authority="Xie &amp; Yin, 1991" authorityName="Xie &amp; Yin" authorityYear="1991" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Synagelides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gambosus">
<emphasis id="BDD4005822664AC23F76626B2DA15112" italics="true">S. gambosus</emphasis>
Xie &amp; Yin, 1991
</taxonomicName>
, in having very similar copulatory organs, but can be distinguished by the following: 1) ratio of the constricted portion of median apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMNCK" xlink_title="median apophysis">MA</abbrev>
) to the broadest portion ~ 1 /
<quantity id="379E91B2C4353811826ADB317B8BE030" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
retrolateral view (Fig.
<figureCitation id="92B2244ABD185F0F1F0BEB652076CF7A" captionStart="Figure 37" captionStartId="F37" captionText="Figure 37. Male palp of Synagelides yunchangi sp. nov., holotype A prolateral B retrolateral C ventral D dorsal. Abbreviations: DCA dorsal cymbial apophysis; DTA dorsal tibial apophysis; E embolus; MA median apophysis; MTP membranous tegular peak; PB patellar bump of male palp; PFA prolateral femoral apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; UI U-shaped incision of embolic disc; VTP ventral tibial process. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201145">37 B</figureCitation>
) vs ~ 1 / 3 (
<bibRefCitation id="D8DED7FB81ACA0A69B48C33A36D47B47" author="Peng" firstAuthor="Peng" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" refId="B23" refString="Peng XJ (2020) Fauna Sinica, Invertebrata 53, Arachnida: Araneae: Salticidae. Science Press, Beijing, 612 pp." title="Fauna Sinica, Invertebrata 53, Arachnida: Araneae: Salticidae." year="2020">Peng 2020</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 326 d); 2) presence of an U-shaped incision (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYNCK" xlink_title="U-shaped incision of embolic disc">
<collectionCode id="6BFFDEB35149EDA613B7A597D0837BCB" country="Nigeria" name="University of Ibadan">UI</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) on the anterior margin of embolic disc (Fig.
<figureCitation id="B299E108488B9FEAD8554B7BB9C0E1ED" captionStart="Figure 37" captionStartId="F37" captionText="Figure 37. Male palp of Synagelides yunchangi sp. nov., holotype A prolateral B retrolateral C ventral D dorsal. Abbreviations: DCA dorsal cymbial apophysis; DTA dorsal tibial apophysis; E embolus; MA median apophysis; MTP membranous tegular peak; PB patellar bump of male palp; PFA prolateral femoral apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; UI U-shaped incision of embolic disc; VTP ventral tibial process. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201145">37 C</figureCitation>
) vs very shallow, near C-shaped incision (
<bibRefCitation id="50B96155486DD6700711FA16FB468847" author="Peng" firstAuthor="Peng" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" refId="B23" refString="Peng XJ (2020) Fauna Sinica, Invertebrata 53, Arachnida: Araneae: Salticidae. Science Press, Beijing, 612 pp." title="Fauna Sinica, Invertebrata 53, Arachnida: Araneae: Salticidae." year="2020">Peng 2020</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 326 b); 3) septum (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EEOCK" xlink_title="septum">Se</abbrev>
) almost Y-shaped, and ~ 3 / 5 of atrial width (Fig.
<figureCitation id="42172431D56F89E04966C09B20570126" captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Synagelides yunchangi sp. nov. E, F, H, I male holotype A, C, D, G female paratype (TRU - JS 0800) B female paratype (TRU - JS 0801) A C epigyne, ventral D vulva, dorsal E, G habitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral H carapace, frontal I chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; At atrium; AR atrial ridge; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; F epigynal fold; FD fertilization duct; S spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A D, I); 0.5 mm (E H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201146">38 A C</figureCitation>
) vs approximately T-shaped, and&gt; 4 / 5 of atrial width (
<bibRefCitation id="9FF909D7FBE2C1B503C4E353B5E09125" author="Peng" firstAuthor="Peng" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" refId="B23" refString="Peng XJ (2020) Fauna Sinica, Invertebrata 53, Arachnida: Araneae: Salticidae. Science Press, Beijing, 612 pp." title="Fauna Sinica, Invertebrata 53, Arachnida: Araneae: Salticidae." year="2020">Peng 2020</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 326 f); 4) atrial ridge (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQOCK" xlink_title="atrial ridge">AR</abbrev>
) approximately auricle-shaped (Fig.
<figureCitation id="862259A3A23D0D1273EE31B822A23D2E" captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Synagelides yunchangi sp. nov. E, F, H, I male holotype A, C, D, G female paratype (TRU - JS 0800) B female paratype (TRU - JS 0801) A C epigyne, ventral D vulva, dorsal E, G habitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral H carapace, frontal I chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; At atrium; AR atrial ridge; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; F epigynal fold; FD fertilization duct; S spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A D, I); 0.5 mm (E H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201146">38 A C</figureCitation>
) vs approximately L-shaped (
<bibRefCitation id="47286B6C32E089B9C7F9FFCAD75D9D5B" author="Peng" firstAuthor="Peng" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" refId="B23" refString="Peng XJ (2020) Fauna Sinica, Invertebrata 53, Arachnida: Araneae: Salticidae. Science Press, Beijing, 612 pp." title="Fauna Sinica, Invertebrata 53, Arachnida: Araneae: Salticidae." year="2020">Peng 2020</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 326 f); 5) presence of a pair of anterolateral, pale stripes on dorsum of abdomen (Fig.
<figureCitation id="3DE6A0D10CE56D2C457B7CC3F07923D8" captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="F36" captionText="Figure 36. Synagelides yidei sp. nov., holotype A habitus, dorsal B ditto, ventral C carapace, frontal D chelicera, posterior. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A C); 0.1 mm (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201144">36 E, G</figureCitation>
) vs pair of round spots (
<bibRefCitation id="7603CBD9459CE5296B158FC03CCE6F78" author="Peng" firstAuthor="Peng" journalOrPublisher="Science Press, Beijing" refId="B23" refString="Peng XJ (2020) Fauna Sinica, Invertebrata 53, Arachnida: Araneae: Salticidae. Science Press, Beijing, 612 pp." title="Fauna Sinica, Invertebrata 53, Arachnida: Araneae: Salticidae." year="2020">Peng 2020</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 326 a).
</paragraph>
<caption id="A1F581E42F38EAD6E56D7355194D38AC" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure37" ID-arpha="60FEDE1B-1B7B-5F63-A090-0C7CA33EE185" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201145" startId="F37">
<paragraph id="EBD2A139C46013532A38B44EE7F7E77B">
<label id="BE1C7AB443B14263B71AF0B77CDFD4C9">Figure 37.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EC5EBA3F6768DE57DD84B256CAA76F1B">
Male palp of
<taxonomicName id="625F16A89560EC36B224F2D851EBF5E0" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Synagelides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yunchangi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="18127DB82022FD90DD18C032AC59BB8A" italics="true">Synagelides yunchangi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="D39BE516E8E92CEEE5D25A0B1D83282E" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype
<emphasis id="14466E19512164B513C7553CFB8B278F" bold="true">A</emphasis>
prolateral
<emphasis id="92DC8C36058A224B3D4F0D726C5FABF6" bold="true">B</emphasis>
retrolateral
<emphasis id="28AEED1375B65E9873948F4725258E61" bold="true">C</emphasis>
ventral
<emphasis id="26E42C9B189645E725DA98FFE453A7FD" bold="true">D</emphasis>
dorsal. Abbreviations:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E6PCK" xlink_title="dorsal cymbial apophysis">DCA</abbrev>
dorsal cymbial apophysis;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EDQCK" xlink_title="dorsal tibial apophysis">DTA</abbrev>
dorsal tibial apophysis; E embolus;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EHQCK" xlink_title="median apophysis">MA</abbrev>
median apophysis;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ELQCK" xlink_title="membranous tegular peak">MTP</abbrev>
membranous tegular peak;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EPQCK" xlink_title="patellar bump of male palp">PB</abbrev>
patellar bump of male palp;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ETQCK" xlink_title="prolateral femoral apophysis">PFA</abbrev>
prolateral femoral apophysis;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EXQCK" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">RTA</abbrev>
retrolateral tibial apophysis;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E2QCK" xlink_title="U-shaped incision of embolic disc">UI</abbrev>
U-shaped incision of embolic disc;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E6QCK" xlink_title="ventral tibial process">VTP</abbrev>
ventral tibial process. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="BB50C14998FD4144FCE60BF0BABC4CE5" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure38" ID-arpha="DC68CA69-0841-56E1-A922-B6D58C1663B0" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201146" startId="F38">
<paragraph id="EFBF3B40F77C81BC0298C4709FB6F067">
<label id="C2249BFF29E1B1B7FFAE8DA36EEA086E">Figure 38.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FA9DA619C85DE1E5B07A5C664D56067B">
<taxonomicName id="2217FDD6D7B4797BE704CE6691093C6B" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Synagelides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yunchangi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="59DA68938E2FF24324703885297D0D26" italics="true">Synagelides yunchangi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="93C0B727ED55264607F8DA0349FD8012" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="0DB0E80DE895D623B713B8D1E8EDB9C7" bold="true">E, F, H, I</emphasis>
male holotype
<emphasis id="3FD29E226EB8A5C30A79FC17E34CAA5D" bold="true">A, C, D, G</emphasis>
female paratype (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E6RCK" xlink_title="Tongren University">TRU</abbrev>
-
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EDSCK" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0800)
<emphasis id="2AD9EF7BFC36AFD8416A3093814BD9C2" bold="true">B</emphasis>
female paratype (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJSCK" xlink_title="Tongren University">TRU</abbrev>
-
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENSCK" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0801)
<emphasis id="4F9D718F1FF77A2C4491476262F8879B" bold="true">A C</emphasis>
epigyne, ventral
<emphasis id="B3B8D94A6875D5A5C92D98C23296FB8C" bold="true">D</emphasis>
vulva, dorsal
<emphasis id="C32CCED0CA1174F8DA272A7547146587" bold="true">E, G</emphasis>
habitus, dorsal
<emphasis id="0366FFF3CA5149512799803791E6FFBF" bold="true">F</emphasis>
ditto, ventral
<emphasis id="D3F714EDB1DD0B8EB46E4F0B7FCCCCEB" bold="true">H</emphasis>
carapace, frontal
<emphasis id="067595640C72E2A98EDE6C7A46060F44" bold="true">I</emphasis>
chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4SCK" xlink_title="accessory gland">AG</abbrev>
accessory gland;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBTCK" xlink_title="atrium">At</abbrev>
atrium;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EFTCK" xlink_title="atrial ridge">AR</abbrev>
atrial ridge;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJTCK" xlink_title="copulatory duct">CD</abbrev>
copulatory duct;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENTCK" xlink_title="copulatory opening">CO</abbrev>
copulatory opening; F epigynal fold;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERTCK" xlink_title="fertilization duct">FD</abbrev>
fertilization duct; S spermatheca;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVTCK" xlink_title="septum">Se</abbrev>
septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (
<emphasis id="D103294C973ED50C6C293626ABA74618" bold="true">A D, I</emphasis>
); 0.5 mm (
<emphasis id="2BC602F7AA25C8D814CDFB81C18F3D95" bold="true">E H</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ECUCK" type="description">
<paragraph id="24DE2420495FBAC2B38C0A382D3E32CF">
<heading id="419676DAE66E0C9A32BA7D14ADAEE487" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AEF495D0370470216F632648DA8C52DD">
<emphasis id="D7681A99E1E5590323792B17DE763564" bold="true">Male</emphasis>
(Figs
<geoCoordinate id="3D61B197AC8CB18AA5429C466C30950D" degrees="37, 38" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="37.38">
<figureCitation id="7CBB256BF443E7FA947D28FE7D8F4308" captionStart="Figure 37" captionStartId="F37" captionText="Figure 37. Male palp of Synagelides yunchangi sp. nov., holotype A prolateral B retrolateral C ventral D dorsal. Abbreviations: DCA dorsal cymbial apophysis; DTA dorsal tibial apophysis; E embolus; MA median apophysis; MTP membranous tegular peak; PB patellar bump of male palp; PFA prolateral femoral apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; UI U-shaped incision of embolic disc; VTP ventral tibial process. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201145">37</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="F4482C82D1782C37222C6132AC477785" captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Synagelides yunchangi sp. nov. E, F, H, I male holotype A, C, D, G female paratype (TRU - JS 0800) B female paratype (TRU - JS 0801) A C epigyne, ventral D vulva, dorsal E, G habitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral H carapace, frontal I chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; At atrium; AR atrial ridge; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; F epigynal fold; FD fertilization duct; S spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A D, I); 0.5 mm (E H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201146">38 E, F, H, I</figureCitation>
</geoCoordinate>
). Total length 3.87. Carapace 1.85 long 1.34 wide. Abdomen 1.96 long, 1.05 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ESUCK" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.45,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EWUCK" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.25,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E1UCK" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.21,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E5UCK" xlink_title="anterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="F624C018C6C5C8C2180C156D1919140F">AERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.36,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ECVCK" xlink_title="posterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="D12381292BA5939E204159ED206CC93A">PERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.40,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EGVCK" xlink_title="eye field length">EFL</abbrev>
1.11. Legs: I 4.41 (1.38, 1.15, 1.10, 0.50, 0.28), II 2.94 (0.88, 0.45, 0.68, 0.63, 0.30), III 3.19 (0.93, 0.45, 0.73, 0.78, 0.30), IV 4.19 (1.15, 0.50, 1.13, 1.08, 0.33). Carapace red-brown, with longitudinal, anteromedian, paired, dark patches on cephalon. Legs slender, with four and two pairs of ventral spines on tibiae and patellae I. Dorsum of abdomen brown at anterior half and dark posteriorly, with pair of anterolateral pale stripes followed by paired yellow spots and transverse, pale patches; venter pale, without patterns.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="56827167CFD2FD103D4749A2DAE152FB">
<emphasis id="596AEDE189DB0BCBA9B7BE9D7C088A70" bold="true" italics="true">Palp</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="9D3F975AB3BA45606C83F76BB18E06A7" captionStart="Figure 37" captionStartId="F37" captionText="Figure 37. Male palp of Synagelides yunchangi sp. nov., holotype A prolateral B retrolateral C ventral D dorsal. Abbreviations: DCA dorsal cymbial apophysis; DTA dorsal tibial apophysis; E embolus; MA median apophysis; MTP membranous tegular peak; PB patellar bump of male palp; PFA prolateral femoral apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; UI U-shaped incision of embolic disc; VTP ventral tibial process. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure37" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201145">37 A D</figureCitation>
): femur length / width ratio ca 1.79; patella ~ 1.8 × longer than wide; tibia ~ 1 / 3 patellar length, with slender, S-shaped retrolateral apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVVCK" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="A7975309FFBBFEDF1F68512EF55A99D0">RTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) and sub-triangular dorsal apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZVCK" xlink_title="dorsal tibial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="B53B7D5A605F1578B4A718A9644B6581">DTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
); cymbium ~ 1.6 × longer than wide, with tapered, spine-shaped baso-dorsal apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4VCK" xlink_title="dorsal cymbial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="BFE7F8ED84F34AEAB1A00EF4CF9EB15A">DCA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
); tegulum swollen; median apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBWCK" xlink_title="median apophysis">MA</abbrev>
) irregular, broadened and swollen distally; embolus (E) flat and forming round disc at base, and then acutely narrowed to whip-shaped portion.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="040921BE30156A87A6EA9B23EA5C2B1C">
<emphasis id="90FD5AB8D04706A32CD101E919F48FB6" bold="true">Female</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="15A877A247199598116E62B56B47AFDA" captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Synagelides yunchangi sp. nov. E, F, H, I male holotype A, C, D, G female paratype (TRU - JS 0800) B female paratype (TRU - JS 0801) A C epigyne, ventral D vulva, dorsal E, G habitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral H carapace, frontal I chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; At atrium; AR atrial ridge; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; F epigynal fold; FD fertilization duct; S spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A D, I); 0.5 mm (E H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201146">38 A D, G</figureCitation>
). Total length 4.77. Carapace 2.03 long, 1.47 wide. Abdomen 2.67 long, 1.41 wide. Eye sizes and inter-distances:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENWCK" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.50,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERWCK" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.27,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVWCK" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.24,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZWCK" xlink_title="anterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="188527F0BCDCACE7CFC4622A7070A3A3">AERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.50,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4WCK" xlink_title="posterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="C99761E2105AF0A6A9F3492EA65EF45F">PERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.48,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBXCK" xlink_title="eye field length">EFL</abbrev>
1.20. Legs: I 4.38 (1.33, 1.05, 1.20, 0.50, 0.30), II 3.14 (0.98, 0.48, 0.75, 0.63, 0.30), III 3.44 (1.00, 0.48, 0.78, 0.85, 0.33), IV 4.43 (1.25, 0.50, 1.20, 1.13, 0.35). Habitus (Fig.
<figureCitation id="09C7CC39C252E664DB26AD50AD91FA54" captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Synagelides yunchangi sp. nov. E, F, H, I male holotype A, C, D, G female paratype (TRU - JS 0800) B female paratype (TRU - JS 0801) A C epigyne, ventral D vulva, dorsal E, G habitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral H carapace, frontal I chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; At atrium; AR atrial ridge; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; F epigynal fold; FD fertilization duct; S spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A D, I); 0.5 mm (E H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201146">38 G</figureCitation>
) similar to that of male except slightly darker.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3628F4ED6A0A7BD5277213D8EAF496D2">
<emphasis id="FFD80F0DB5F52617CA4F81BFFEF12716" bold="true" italics="true">Epigyne</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="1850E34C1A6C221F90A1E59CFDD53900" captionStart="Figure 38" captionStartId="F38" captionText="Figure 38. Synagelides yunchangi sp. nov. E, F, H, I male holotype A, C, D, G female paratype (TRU - JS 0800) B female paratype (TRU - JS 0801) A C epigyne, ventral D vulva, dorsal E, G habitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral H carapace, frontal I chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; At atrium; AR atrial ridge; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; F epigynal fold; FD fertilization duct; S spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A D, I); 0.5 mm (E H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure38" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201146">38 A D</figureCitation>
) almost as long as wide, with transverse, lamellar, posterior fold (F); atrium (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EUXCK" xlink_title="atrium">At</abbrev>
) large, occupies anterior 3 / 5, separated by Y-shaped septum (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYXCK" xlink_title="septum">Se</abbrev>
), with pair of auricle-shaped lateral ridges (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3XCK" xlink_title="atrial ridge">AR</abbrev>
); copulatory openings (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EAYCK" xlink_title="copulatory opening">CO</abbrev>
) beneath baso-lateral portions of atrial ridges; copulatory ducts (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EEYCK" xlink_title="copulatory duct">
<collectionCode id="9F335C9C4C65974151CAE4BF741DF4C1">CD</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) thin, anterior half curved into C-shape, posterior half posteriorly descending with short, transversely extending accessory glands (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EIYCK" xlink_title="accessory gland">
<collectionCode id="DC45C0C3C7BC4E7B46AB4F3C2B75F90A">AG</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
); spermathecae touched, with spherical inner portions.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EMYCK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="B1681F4BB3BBE989868F351F9EC448EF">
<heading id="CEA3FAAC45199AB70D74F2195AF9F34C" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A0A96C422D67012DCD42968AFFF97FE9">
Known only from the
<typeStatus id="DC5BF7B74059FCE027CA667B33CE2757">type</typeStatus>
locality in
<collectingRegion id="03952D6ED4E61EFD2A8CE8C247A1F11C" country="China" name="Guangxi">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="ECC127F169CC067CE2CF9A8746B2D6A5" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="281FD12CCC709B19E7E51295F4D9FD84" captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="F47" captionText="Figure 47. Distributional records of Cheliceroides jinxini sp. nov., Dendroicius qiong sp. nov., Icius deergong sp. nov., I. yarlungzangbo sp. nov., Mintonia shiwandashan sp. nov., Okinawicius nepalicus (Andreeva, Hęciak &amp; Prószyński, 1984), Pancorius medog sp. nov., Piranthus maddisoni sp. nov., Stertinius lhoba sp. nov., Synagelides kongmingi sp. nov., S. yunchangi sp. nov., S. xuandei sp. nov., Yaginumaella daweishan sp. nov., Y. moinba sp. nov., and Y. pingbian sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201156">47</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,400 @@
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<mods:title id="A90D6BB8ABA44673039BB6D94370A00D">Taxonomic notes of jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae) from Guangxi, Hainan, Sichuan, Xizang and Yunnan, China</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="0C6B502A3C00A7C320F2742C34D8F00D" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="6870F2B4026278CCA710272673C522AB">Wang, Cheng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2F38E4342D47F5E0D1290CCCB528FC71">Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in the Fanjing Mountain Region, Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou 554300, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="DF9C0C0E85C418CD4D64E63E02736F70">Mi, Xiaoqi</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="4A247A0C1DB22D38A6B45E227D7BBBC5" type="ORCID">0000-0003-1744-3855</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="1A1256D82301343E96DED141E52DFC68">Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in the Fanjing Mountain Region, Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou 554300, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="3E272028A9A8EDFBFE6B5466BDB86AD7">Li, Shuqiang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="0F7CAC82004690B5BCF8BE8CC39B54D5">Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China &amp; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="8E35D7BFAC9DC0E604213D7A7AFA2598">Xu, Xiang</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="9E8D98134AB5C65D9B6B7495C1723FD9" type="ORCID">0000-0001-9485-5373</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="CD8500D5F7235A46CF56D407834205D8">College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="8BDF5D8C7AB75304ACFBA25B26F4DBD4" ID-arpha="8BDF5D8C-7AB7-5304-ACFB-A25B26F4DBD4" ID-zoobank="https://zoobank.org/A1C42A54-F6D7-4CCF-8BA0-F916BB5544D5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8BDF5D8C7AB75304ACFBA25B26F4DBD4" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A1C42A54-F6D7-4CCF-8BA0-F916BB5544D5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8BDF5D8C7AB75304ACFBA25B26F4DBD4">
<subSubSection id="2AAAE1940795A2780FD0BBFCBDC3AD80" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="FFF077939BC9248AF2CBBFCA69BDCA0C">
<taxonomicName id="EC373F3FEC9563603775768899CF6DD8" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Dendroicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="qiong" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="573CC9853472B415F930CBC5446374C5" italics="true">Dendroicius qiong</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="56C6F9DFD6B0732F2C0A0EB989719352" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5998E7C5A9CBBBF5E5EA32A87E1AF912" type="description">
<paragraph id="3B6A985C6058B493C721DAA74A328EA4">
<figureCitation id="EC81D3F99D49902916B1B461EB0E2ADD" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Male palp of Dendroicius qiong sp. nov., holotype A palp, prolateral B ditto, ventral C ditto, retrolateral. Abbreviations: CP cymbial process; DD dorsal denticle of retrolateral tibial apophysis; DTA dorsal tibial apophysis; E embolus; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; TB tegular bump; TL tegular lobe. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201107">Figs 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="3F0BEDF5B6F308F1B4A6BF7BB8A2453E" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Dendroicius qiong sp. nov. D, E, G, H male holotype and A C, F female paratype (TRU - JS 0823) A, B epigyne, ventral C vulva, dorsal D, F habitus, dorsal E ditto, lateral G carapace, frontal H chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; AR atrial ridge; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A C, H); 0.5 mm (D G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201108">4</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="0E894114976B4963D554B3F52FC34804" captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="F47" captionText="Figure 47. Distributional records of Cheliceroides jinxini sp. nov., Dendroicius qiong sp. nov., Icius deergong sp. nov., I. yarlungzangbo sp. nov., Mintonia shiwandashan sp. nov., Okinawicius nepalicus (Andreeva, Hęciak &amp; Prószyński, 1984), Pancorius medog sp. nov., Piranthus maddisoni sp. nov., Stertinius lhoba sp. nov., Synagelides kongmingi sp. nov., S. yunchangi sp. nov., S. xuandei sp. nov., Yaginumaella daweishan sp. nov., Y. moinba sp. nov., and Y. pingbian sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201156">47</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ETUAE" type="type material">
<paragraph id="7133BA30230460AF111585762F8F0C97">
<heading id="5C3ABD8E361AA61ADA6A930D2A92F034" reason="title">Type material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8CA378655079DFAD050583B9C3CF1DCB">
<materialsCitation id="0FB1572A2903A79CAD8AD9CBBC820479" collectingDate="2023-08-04" collectionCode="TRU" collectorName="C. Wang" country="China" county="Miao Autonomous County" elevation="530" latitude="18.655333" location="Maogan Township" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="109.54083" municipality="Baoting Li" specimenCode="JS 0730" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Hainan" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="75BD563F8C06C3E84B96D8D09B764DF3" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="197ACB4F5684244FF2F29FB2CD629008" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="96D78D053D321C855C71816CB48FD3A7" count="1" type="male"></specimenCount>
(
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E5UAE" xlink_title="Tongren University">
<collectionCode id="7A2AD534603B4D49F2DB30A971DE20F3" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">TRU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
-
<specimenCode id="BDE53A49CA6015271491F87D67BD6BE1" collectionCode="TRU" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ECVAE" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0730
</specimenCode>
),
<collectingCountry id="34C1491C9E92576B3129CEE8C9DA1E88" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
: •
<collectingRegion id="CD65327A858FE67493B40956B50F518F" country="China" name="Hainan">Hainan Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="1CDBCE043D27F5703FBBB65B61339610">Baoting Li</collectingMunicipality>
and
<collectingCounty id="F584920CBCDB02143A69AF1FB17C16FD">Miao Autonomous County</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="5843EF5F355232D26E390BAB97E6FC6C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8BDF5D8C7AB75304ACFBA25B26F4DBD4:5843EF5F355232D26E390BAB97E6FC6C" country="China" county="Miao Autonomous County" latitude="18.655333" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="109.54083" municipality="Baoting Li" name="Maogan Township" stateProvince="Hainan">Maogan Township</location>
, 124 road (
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EJVAE" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[109.540833,18.655333]}">
<geoCoordinate id="F149FC8492698A32353DCD132FFD32F2" degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="39.32" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="18.655333">18 ° 39.32 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="7652EFFB1F0827BFB99A75096F1608C1" degrees="109" direction="east" minutes="32.45" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="109.54083">109 ° 32.45 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
, ca
<quantity id="631E5C2EB4AB33F52C7D09E49FFE524B" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" unit="m" value="530.0">
<elevation id="55A5ED74C474E82433F59F4E0D573FD6" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" unit="m" value="530.0">530 m</elevation>
</quantity>
),
<date id="DF52C9257572FCA7576D4DDB2E54EE4B" value="2023-08-04">
<collectingDate id="7144329C59BA67806D00E9CD6F008FA9" value="2023-08-04">4. VIII. 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="A1A1B509486BEF486F5562CDC71CA088">C. Wang</collectorName>
et al. leg
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="1FD6D1640A7BE29D157FE9B9BC0FE644" collectingDate="2023-08-04" collectionCode="TRU" collectorName="C. Wang" country="China" county="Miao Autonomous County" elevation="530" latitude="18.655333" location="Maogan Township" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="109.54083" municipality="Baoting Li" specimenCode="JS 0731" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Hainan" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="A09EC340BE344E37EECD50C6D40663C4" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="9D039B5451F3272E805282624A6718CF" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="883A45D2CDEF9AC8480AD6E4770EF819" count="1" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
(
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERVAE" xlink_title="Tongren University">
<collectionCode id="934C5B2D08FF61A1E0135564CB0F38B8" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">TRU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
-
<specimenCode id="B08602E4841D01676EB0B03273F27F09" collectionCode="TRU" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVVAE" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0731
</specimenCode>
), same data as for holotype
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="E2570FC3E0E3331CC3A7BAEB25A15BF0" collectingDate="2024-09-04" collectionCode="TRU" collectorName="C. Wang &amp; S. K. Li" country="China" county="Miao Autonomous County" elevation="530" latitude="18.655333" location="Maogan Township" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="109.54083" municipality="Baoting Li" specimenCode="JS 0823, 0824" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" stateProvince="Hainan" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="D8BB4D40E87E4160FFB9E45128A59441" count="2" type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
(
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZVAE" xlink_title="Tongren University">
<collectionCode id="19FEC3AFBF852006AF36AF5C716944C3" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">TRU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
-
<specimenCode id="881C31D97CBDEDDDD5013AFDD006DBC3" collectionCode="TRU" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4VAE" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0823
</specimenCode>
,
<specimenCode id="88B29C470A0360ADAA774288A1695211" collectionCode="TRU" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">0824</specimenCode>
), same locality as for holotype,
<date id="88D23ACB8B6980CB7772B6881F5C775A" value="2024-09-04">
<collectingDate id="FBC063681BBC341DD7AA512969383C32" value="2024-09-04">4. IX. 2024</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="C61D059A6E3EAE2B4BEDB0D3B93A4CE1">C. Wang</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="F8AC10E66AC6B129D5448454800C4B33">S. K. Li</collectorName>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EBWAE" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="FA36BDAC965A0F1A57803F8A11538FAA">
<heading id="711FCFEDD170092860BA0CFE954C2178" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AA749964C80B699C2271682818585A61">
The specific name refers to the short name of
<typeStatus id="BF051E37CD2C6DBE2EF09566E21615D2">type</typeStatus>
locality (
<collectingRegion id="CF3FC597922979BE56C9A3C271CA04CC" country="China" name="Hainan">Hainan Province</collectingRegion>
); noun in apposition.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EGWAE" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="3CDCDA35ED01CEEEB83B925A1EF70C15">
<heading id="C247E871855CA9580A2965028C751401" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FB5BF3017CC79173C5E159BD5284E29C">
<taxonomicName id="34A630DD25B8F6A7FCAE5254A886C505" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Dendroicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="qiong" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="9DCE0B4494C95C0B940ADB36520C7B0E" italics="true">Dendroicius qiong</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C17CB0F9105EEDEF344A53D612BC0DE9" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
resembles
<taxonomicName id="8F0B08258243D8556A8B5306A6B0A880" authorityName="Lin &amp; Li" authorityYear="2020" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Dendroicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hotaruae">
<emphasis id="6BC416FA381D044F68E674870BCEF816" italics="true">D. hotaruae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having similar habitus and copulatory organs, especially the presence of a pair of white lateral setal stripes across the whole surface of carapace, but can be easily distinguished by the absence of latero-terminal tibial apophysis and mesal branch of dorsal tibial apophysis (Fig.
<figureCitation id="580AE8D8B3A3FBBCA9B30084C327D196" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Male palp of Dendroicius qiong sp. nov., holotype A palp, prolateral B ditto, ventral C ditto, retrolateral. Abbreviations: CP cymbial process; DD dorsal denticle of retrolateral tibial apophysis; DTA dorsal tibial apophysis; E embolus; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; TB tegular bump; TL tegular lobe. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201107">3 C</figureCitation>
) vs present (
<bibRefCitation id="507EACA7DBE99B32D6EC80625BBA546F" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.952.51849" author="Lin and Li" firstAuthor="Lin" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="95-128" refId="B11" refString="Lin YJ, Li S (2020) Two new genera and eight new species of jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae) from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China. ZooKeys 952: 95128. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.952.51849" title="Two new genera and eight new species of jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae) from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China." volume="952" year="2020">Lin and Li 2020</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 3 C) and by the distance between copulatory openings (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EKXAE" xlink_title="copulatory opening">CO</abbrev>
), which is ~ 3 / 4 of epigynal width, and the C-shaped copulatory ducts (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EOXAE" xlink_title="copulatory duct">
<collectionCode id="D9DF2EAB2ADA6DCED7412AD1DD881BE5">CD</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) (Fig.
<figureCitation id="C48770357A64DEDC79C9C9C49079C5C3" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Dendroicius qiong sp. nov. D, E, G, H male holotype and A C, F female paratype (TRU - JS 0823) A, B epigyne, ventral C vulva, dorsal D, F habitus, dorsal E ditto, lateral G carapace, frontal H chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; AR atrial ridge; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A C, H); 0.5 mm (D G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201108">4 A C</figureCitation>
) vs distance between copulatory openings ~ 1 / 3 of epigynal width, and nearly S-shaped copulatory ducts (
<bibRefCitation id="CE20D8DDF48F612C43164BEAB8BA2F67" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.952.51849" author="Lin and Li" firstAuthor="Lin" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="95-128" refId="B11" refString="Lin YJ, Li S (2020) Two new genera and eight new species of jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae) from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China. ZooKeys 952: 95128. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.952.51849" title="Two new genera and eight new species of jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae) from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China." volume="952" year="2020">Lin and Li 2020</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 4 A, B).
</paragraph>
<caption id="94E028575BC68C17F3681731995619D5" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure3" ID-arpha="CDF1B0CC-A4DC-5CD8-9A34-A0BE1E1B7F59" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201107" startId="F3">
<paragraph id="3315A82B6630E9BD8EC4355B969365D1">
<label id="0086B71CB84063866B8DB016D91B1CEF">Figure 3.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1628F806B6A45F42B769040BBFC4CAF4">
Male palp of
<taxonomicName id="D34EE09D2EBC6C248617417043BD6D48" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Dendroicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="qiong" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="A934D291A91E8B9D3318F5071407EACF" italics="true">Dendroicius qiong</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="16862B1D507C118800F8583DD0509178" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype
<emphasis id="43369A132C2E7B58B7B92649D17AD190" bold="true">A</emphasis>
palp, prolateral
<emphasis id="7B4A30ED6C803F9DF2B9D7EACD91BA4D" bold="true">B</emphasis>
ditto, ventral
<emphasis id="0EF55B3E3F7ACB75A70AA54E0F3C079D" bold="true">C</emphasis>
ditto, retrolateral. Abbreviations:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ETYAE" xlink_title="cymbial process">CP</abbrev>
cymbial process;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EXYAE" xlink_title="dorsal denticle of retrolateral tibial apophysis">DD</abbrev>
dorsal denticle of retrolateral tibial apophysis;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E2YAE" xlink_title="dorsal tibial apophysis">DTA</abbrev>
dorsal tibial apophysis; E embolus;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E6YAE" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">RTA</abbrev>
retrolateral tibial apophysis;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EDZAE" xlink_title="tegular bump">TB</abbrev>
tegular bump;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EHZAE" xlink_title="tegular lobe">TL</abbrev>
tegular lobe. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="B0CA369F21D44A077D9B0B66D785FCA1" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure4" ID-arpha="58C89BE6-FC41-54DA-88CC-217391BAB417" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201108" startId="F4">
<paragraph id="4F0576DCBBAC15F3B9AB295C1523AB3A">
<label id="EA8813A85AF7D0EEB5190AC9DF4EC961">Figure 4.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D0D0DAAFDE8CD54EFD3DDC52D1294965">
<taxonomicName id="48E31A3E9AAD528C53C4BCE5B8134CC0" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Dendroicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="qiong" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="821C145BBE0AA8F0C0374E413EA86260" italics="true">Dendroicius qiong</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B056BA6F0786A15734FA1F1E1A996FC0" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="38A064F7AD858A2BC030AB04A8A3C887" bold="true">D, E, G, H</emphasis>
male holotype and
<emphasis id="B4F1D289D06621EB92F9D51C1A2FD112" bold="true">A C, F</emphasis>
female paratype (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EH1AE" xlink_title="Tongren University">TRU</abbrev>
-
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EL1AE" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0823)
<emphasis id="C56E9DA5DB6C6B35604148866F0EA37B" bold="true">A, B</emphasis>
epigyne, ventral
<emphasis id="9B7C84EBA5D17A458B53F9A7A41716D4" bold="true">C</emphasis>
vulva, dorsal
<emphasis id="9C2C22CCB7B68038EFED5AF14897208B" bold="true">D, F</emphasis>
habitus, dorsal
<emphasis id="0E0AE3FDA68039EDFF64F66F28E070BB" bold="true">E</emphasis>
ditto, lateral
<emphasis id="31D9D9ED9AC29D022383182E7327190E" bold="true">G</emphasis>
carapace, frontal
<emphasis id="AF655F498DAE2A3490C0AB9489FB1FD3" bold="true">H</emphasis>
chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E21AE" xlink_title="accessory gland">AG</abbrev>
accessory gland;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E61AE" xlink_title="atrial ridge">AR</abbrev>
atrial ridge;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ED2AE" xlink_title="copulatory duct">CD</abbrev>
copulatory duct;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EH2AE" xlink_title="copulatory opening">CO</abbrev>
copulatory opening;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EL2AE" xlink_title="fertilization duct">FD</abbrev>
fertilization duct; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (
<emphasis id="3CBA3957B763CBA6AAA1F245A54658BD" bold="true">A C, H</emphasis>
); 0.5 mm (
<emphasis id="D262E9CC18B1E2DD10ED319523075CA2" bold="true">D G</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EY2AE" type="description">
<paragraph id="E8B05FD6657D6DEA5F43F0D96CF0E6F5">
<heading id="7E5C25560961572CA00A0FBC44E2818B" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C5D532345FC215FD5244E7D85934A3AB">
<emphasis id="C7A42D25D100CEF670B22DEB91C43E42" bold="true">Male</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation id="9508DFBF3CDD9C1074FE12938CD2C606" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Male palp of Dendroicius qiong sp. nov., holotype A palp, prolateral B ditto, ventral C ditto, retrolateral. Abbreviations: CP cymbial process; DD dorsal denticle of retrolateral tibial apophysis; DTA dorsal tibial apophysis; E embolus; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; TB tegular bump; TL tegular lobe. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201107">3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="FE540CCF163D071F86829E6091220E82" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Dendroicius qiong sp. nov. D, E, G, H male holotype and A C, F female paratype (TRU - JS 0823) A, B epigyne, ventral C vulva, dorsal D, F habitus, dorsal E ditto, lateral G carapace, frontal H chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; AR atrial ridge; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A C, H); 0.5 mm (D G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201108">4 D, E, G, H</figureCitation>
). Total length 2.91. Carapace 1.40 long, 0.89 wide. Abdomen 1.53 long, 0.80 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EI3AE" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.28,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EM3AE" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.14,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQ3AE" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.13,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EU3AE" xlink_title="anterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="35224541241379E58DEBC9465397DE6A">AERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
0.80,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EY3AE" xlink_title="posterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="A85544C11B17D3AB5FA39AC0A67B534C">PERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
0.84,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E33AE" xlink_title="eye field length">EFL</abbrev>
0.47. Legs: I 2.19 (0.68, 0.45, 0.53, 0.33, 0.20), II 1.74 (0.53, 0.33, 0.38, 0.30, 0.20), III 1.63 (0.55, 0.25, 0.30, 0.33, 0.20), IV 2.19 (0.70, 0.33, 0.53, 0.40, 0.23). Carapace almost rectangular, yellow-brown except eye field dark, covered with dense dark setae; fovea indistinct. Chelicerae red-brown, with two promarginal teeth and one retromarginal tooth. Legs pale except femora dark brown, with two pairs of spines on tibiae and metatarsi I. Dorsum of abdomen grey, with six longitudinal, dark green and green-brown stripes extending across complete surface; venter pale.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5872FEE7CF6D610066F527ADF28F052F">
<emphasis id="BD43205088FF484E833F23FCB4A455F3" bold="true" italics="true">Palp</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="832FE8F1E4BCE926FE7A9F9D12E249A7" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Male palp of Dendroicius qiong sp. nov., holotype A palp, prolateral B ditto, ventral C ditto, retrolateral. Abbreviations: CP cymbial process; DD dorsal denticle of retrolateral tibial apophysis; DTA dorsal tibial apophysis; E embolus; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; TB tegular bump; TL tegular lobe. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201107">3 A C</figureCitation>
): femur length / width ratio ca 2.0; patella almost as long as wide in retrolateral view; tibia almost as long as patella in retrolateral view; retrolateral tibial apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EL4AE" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="8423C6A02C59B2F0BC47D179C3B7A850">RTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) lamellar, with dorsal spinous denticle (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EP4AE" xlink_title="dorsal denticle of retrolateral tibial apophysis">DD</abbrev>
); dorsal tibial apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ET4AE" xlink_title="dorsal tibial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="2E95560BAF2A5620881384D68C838322">DTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) wider than long, with several anteromarginal denticles; cymbium ~ 1.8 × longer than wide, with almost horizontal tip and flat baso-retrolateral process (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EX4AE" xlink_title="cymbial process">CP</abbrev>
); tegulum elongate-oval, swollen at posterior half, with irregular anterior lobe (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E24AE" xlink_title="tegular lobe">TL</abbrev>
) and small disto-retrolateral bump (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E64AE" xlink_title="tegular bump">TB</abbrev>
); embolus (E) strongly sclerotized, tapered, almost as long as anterior tegular lobe, slightly curved medially and pointed apically.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F39CFF359B751809E19C70ECD8A374F6">
<emphasis id="BCB92A767AAE937625E1A6F887909461" bold="true">Female</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="D40C427C9EEE03BC76E46DFBC92E42A5" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Dendroicius qiong sp. nov. D, E, G, H male holotype and A C, F female paratype (TRU - JS 0823) A, B epigyne, ventral C vulva, dorsal D, F habitus, dorsal E ditto, lateral G carapace, frontal H chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; AR atrial ridge; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A C, H); 0.5 mm (D G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201108">4 A C, F</figureCitation>
). Total length 2.66. Carapace 1.12 long, 0.77 wide. Abdomen 1.64 long, 0.80 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EL5AE" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.26,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EP5AE" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.13,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ET5AE" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.12,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EX5AE" xlink_title="anterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="D7900F81073D825BBC1A8216EF4B802C">AERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
0.70,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E25AE" xlink_title="posterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="96D4FE59198DBE233A082BE3C255DEE0">PERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
0.74,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E65AE" xlink_title="eye field length">EFL</abbrev>
0.49. Legs: I 1.49 (0.48, 0.28, 0.30, 0.25, 0.18), II 1.31 (0.40, 0.28, 0.25, 0.20, 0.18), III 1.41 (0.45, 0.20, 0.30, 0.28, 0.18), IV 1.99 (0.63, 0.30, 0.48, 0.35, 0.23). Habitus (Fig.
<figureCitation id="77384110E65D6DDBF7DCE4F4E6F81BBD" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Dendroicius qiong sp. nov. D, E, G, H male holotype and A C, F female paratype (TRU - JS 0823) A, B epigyne, ventral C vulva, dorsal D, F habitus, dorsal E ditto, lateral G carapace, frontal H chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; AR atrial ridge; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A C, H); 0.5 mm (D G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201108">4 F</figureCitation>
) similar to that of male except paler and with pair of longitudinal, white setal stripes laterally on carapace.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6ED16BF0FF812A64BB0377A31C3B26E7">
<emphasis id="718966ABC899480C461155F5988BDCCC" bold="true" italics="true">Epigyne</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="18149BA358E7B0D250C66B8EB8652203" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Dendroicius qiong sp. nov. D, E, G, H male holotype and A C, F female paratype (TRU - JS 0823) A, B epigyne, ventral C vulva, dorsal D, F habitus, dorsal E ditto, lateral G carapace, frontal H chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; AR atrial ridge; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A C, H); 0.5 mm (D G)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201108">4 A C</figureCitation>
) wider than long, with posterior concave&gt; 3 × wider than long; atrium (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ES6AE" xlink_title="atrium">At</abbrev>
) oval, paired, with anterior arc-shaped ridges (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EW6AE" xlink_title="atrial ridge">AR</abbrev>
); copulatory openings (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E16AE" xlink_title="copulatory opening">CO</abbrev>
) almost round, laterally opened, separated from each other ~ 3 / 4 epigynal width; copulatory ducts (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E56AE" xlink_title="copulatory duct">
<collectionCode id="C7D5A0C94CE056072F16E4921D0C58C5">CD</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) curved into C-shape, and with small terminal accessory glands (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EDAAG" xlink_title="accessory gland">
<collectionCode id="BA9ADBCAE7E393DF3C58C3A6AC24FEAD">AG</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
); spermathecae (S) elongated.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EHAAG" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="A04E2931D7C36CB41B922A60198C48B9">
<heading id="F846FC6F76A85592B3D8DF0716786F33" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AD1AF0CFFB47E9D9EA8E2EA3617333C8">
Known only from the
<typeStatus id="CFE7F5AB3B9C9DF1CDF3208137E4994F">type</typeStatus>
locality in
<collectingRegion id="FB09F0C9F1D983DF88CFECDD3C4D02B4" country="China" name="Hainan">Hainan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="C5388140B59A5AC39828AA75C3C797F4" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="8D4D804BEBCCB691347FB21143D1DE86" captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="F47" captionText="Figure 47. Distributional records of Cheliceroides jinxini sp. nov., Dendroicius qiong sp. nov., Icius deergong sp. nov., I. yarlungzangbo sp. nov., Mintonia shiwandashan sp. nov., Okinawicius nepalicus (Andreeva, Hęciak &amp; Prószyński, 1984), Pancorius medog sp. nov., Piranthus maddisoni sp. nov., Stertinius lhoba sp. nov., Synagelides kongmingi sp. nov., S. yunchangi sp. nov., S. xuandei sp. nov., Yaginumaella daweishan sp. nov., Y. moinba sp. nov., and Y. pingbian sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201156">47</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,367 @@
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<mods:title id="6863986B49136938353ADFA94B4DE988">Taxonomic notes of jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae) from Guangxi, Hainan, Sichuan, Xizang and Yunnan, China</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="320C2303F9CA1B0C5E1E58A486A0AB74">Wang, Cheng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="5DFDAD29F9467E3F68209C00C1FBB7C4">Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in the Fanjing Mountain Region, Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou 554300, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="4C3CBD2689A824FD0DF31EBB3AAC60DA">Mi, Xiaoqi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="2FDA0D800EBAF5DD3918BA9FDF244E12">Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in the Fanjing Mountain Region, Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou 554300, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="67EE0FD3DFE842A88BA9C825713783D1">Li, Shuqiang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="112D8C2C854135E068270AB831E26347">Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China &amp; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="12264BDFFAFD4B618E79402F3ACA2A62">Xu, Xiang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="E925BAF8039FDD5A22428C6DD5E7F5E8">College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China</mods:affiliation>
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<paragraph id="C9564B3F1E6DE59E588551606316C161">
<taxonomicName id="49BDE8C70DF1E52188151C333CBFFB7B" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Yaginumaella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="moinba" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="BA6D048D7749926BE5A9F41D7471330E" italics="true">Yaginumaella moinba</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A6FFDC588EAB5FB00C8AA2529AD34963" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="418A4EE9429E268C9C3BC4783B3F9248" type="description">
<paragraph id="B85D428FC2EC14300ED959B9FA6B0043">
<figureCitation id="F4B72E6C55DFAD9270B77F69EB75A38C" captionStart="Figure 43" captionStartId="F43" captionText="Figure 43. Male palp of Yaginumaella moinba sp. nov., holotype A prolateral B ventral C retrolateral. Abbreviations: E embolus; PL posterior tegular lobe; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure43" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201151">Figs 43</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="87CBF62A2C33301517EB58E90D0E9729" captionStart="Figure 44" captionStartId="F44" captionText="Figure 44. Yaginumaella moinba sp. nov. E, F, H, I male holotype and A D, G female paratype (TRU - JS 0818) A, C epigyne, ventral B, D vulva, dorsal E, G habitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral H carapace, frontal I chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: At atrium; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A D, I); 0.5 mm (E H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure44" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201152">44</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="A2DDD87032EEDA9F39FF9C41D12AAB8E" captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="F47" captionText="Figure 47. Distributional records of Cheliceroides jinxini sp. nov., Dendroicius qiong sp. nov., Icius deergong sp. nov., I. yarlungzangbo sp. nov., Mintonia shiwandashan sp. nov., Okinawicius nepalicus (Andreeva, Hęciak &amp; Prószyński, 1984), Pancorius medog sp. nov., Piranthus maddisoni sp. nov., Stertinius lhoba sp. nov., Synagelides kongmingi sp. nov., S. yunchangi sp. nov., S. xuandei sp. nov., Yaginumaella daweishan sp. nov., Y. moinba sp. nov., and Y. pingbian sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201156">47</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EOYDK" type="type material">
<paragraph id="FDC87CFE2761E649022A7DE59D346AEB">
<heading id="154DFFCCBAD7A02FD36B226730DB2B00" reason="title">Type material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="94AA415E09BF813231B1C2F631DA7DF5">
<materialsCitation id="7FCFAEB515656C82ECA2579ACDCA4558" collectingDate="2024-05-25" collectionCode="TRU" collectorName="X. Q. Mi" country="China" county="Medog County" elevation="1670" latitude="29.180666" location="Beibeng Township" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="95.1445" municipality="Autonomous Region" specimenCode="JS 0815" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Xizang" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="393DB3BA4C8B9751AE43C576B02D1D58" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="577A09B35A896175B495F097376E890E" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="14D595CAE9BF25622652AB52960CDD2E" count="1" type="male"></specimenCount>
(
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZYDK" xlink_title="Tongren University">
<collectionCode id="46721B62B56ACAE5185D399219FFD07B" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">TRU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
-
<specimenCode id="92D1CAFCA1E8D9E680757CF65973ABED" collectionCode="TRU" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4YDK" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0815
</specimenCode>
),
<collectingCountry id="5279D4C0EB38ED2468FD6CC64A51FF96" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
: •
<collectingRegion id="507D7ADE0ABE332B4EAC44A8F24CF3AF" country="China" name="Xizang">Xizang</collectingRegion>
<collectingMunicipality id="E9ED9DD8DDBCB75AF61C8A59771F9641">Autonomous Region</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="A3945DAE00FEA1FF0B66720F2CA9D3B3">Medog County</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="8CDF89DE3F491A74F6CF428051BB8749" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8CCF4E6197215C59B23BBA1FBAE00E09:8CDF89DE3F491A74F6CF428051BB8749" country="China" county="Medog County" latitude="29.180666" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="95.1445" municipality="Autonomous Region" name="Beibeng Township" stateProvince="Xizang">Beibeng Township</location>
,
<location id="62B757AD691A328B9E8C2D71306C9B82" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8CCF4E6197215C59B23BBA1FBAE00E09:62B757AD691A328B9E8C2D71306C9B82" country="China" county="Medog County" latitude="29.180666" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="95.1445" municipality="Autonomous Region" name="Deergong Village" stateProvince="Xizang">Deergong Village</location>
,
<location id="05C41F0BE705D3877FE56204AD4E9C9A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8CCF4E6197215C59B23BBA1FBAE00E09:05C41F0BE705D3877FE56204AD4E9C9A" country="China" county="Medog County" latitude="29.180666" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="95.1445" municipality="Autonomous Region" name="Yarlung Zangbo National Nature Reserve" stateProvince="Xizang">Yarlung Zangbo National Nature Reserve</location>
(
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<geoCoordinate id="1555EDA87C6520FF1A7DD59984A684F8" degrees="29" direction="north" minutes="10.84" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="29.180666">29 ° 10.84 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="57BB72BEF56E9A1323134A7D69EC35D5" degrees="95" direction="east" minutes="8.67" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="95.1445">95 ° 8.67 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
, ca
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),
<date id="422ACCC687F48D3E92DF1FB66702D7D3" value="2024-05-25">
<collectingDate id="1B76FB8EB0F117BCF57EE1ABB644112A" value="2024-05-25">25. V. 2024</collectingDate>
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,
<collectorName id="85E681846CD0A21B8547304CDC63AE66">X. Q. Mi</collectorName>
et al. leg
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="239A11C67539A71B1CF451707DD97410" collectingDate="2024-05-25" collectionCode="TRU" collectorName="X. Q. Mi" country="China" county="Medog County" elevation="1670" latitude="29.180666" location="Beibeng Township" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="95.1445" municipality="Autonomous Region" specimenCode="JS 0816-0818" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Xizang" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="E6C19C40277E34BAAE70ED2BDD9A304E" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="CEDE2572819B0E290B98DBF453586F63" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="B056FC2611F3F883E103485DA9D8361E" count="2" type="male">2 ♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="ABB352D6489B183190F475CAF5EF45DD" count="1" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
(
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMZDK" xlink_title="Tongren University">
<collectionCode id="34519E13414CF3D86509DF7777000556" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">TRU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
-
<specimenCode id="563A1F9CDCA1BDF057819CD84DE8A963" collectionCode="TRU" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQZDK" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
08160818
</specimenCode>
), same data as for holotype
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.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EUZDK" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="1D0B6433CE14CDBDB1324521F762B42E">
<heading id="B19F3C099C1FE8FBCE45ECA3347E1EB0" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9E4761DF44EEA3C2784FCF7545356333">The specific name is after the Mionba ethnic group, one of the two significant national minorities in Medog; noun in apposition.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EZZDK" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="EE8B05AFD874EDE51629A1569D660328">
<heading id="F6713AB9B5AD1D5793A6E6B702FFA8F4" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E0ABAA6FA82C1E6573D69C956E48B552">
The male of
<taxonomicName id="51ADDE3C1C0D05C583982599F0E4E9A7" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Yaginumaella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="moinba" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CCA3F77D40A86067974808B17B2C3C3C" italics="true">Yaginumaella moinba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="454B73CDD6D03CD0FDD0EE97AC42F0CA" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
resembles that of
<taxonomicName id="70CBF9E0960553504CFA4D0D75CAB410" authority="Li, Liu &amp; Peng, 2024" authorityName="Li, Liu &amp; Peng" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Yaginumaella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="curvata">
<emphasis id="A59C1A387B4FFD8D881C9075B0A0941E" italics="true">Y. curvata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="C7817E1AE7DD4D5AEC138A02335DCBFF" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1204.122887" author="Li SL &amp; Liu P &amp; Peng XJ" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="301-312" refId="B10" refString="Li SL, Liu P, Peng XJ (2024) Three new species of jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae) from Hunan, China. ZooKeys 1204: 301 - 312. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 1204.122887" title="Three new species of jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae) from Hunan, China." volume="1204" year="2024">
Li, Liu &amp; Peng,
<quantity id="6EAE8D10A80000ED7BD9077E0A155E31" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.14096" unit="in" value="2024.0">2024 in</quantity>
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the general shape of palpal structure, but can be distinguished by the following: 1) embolus arising at ca 8: 30 oclock position (Fig.
<figureCitation id="460649678E877A5938A627439FC9B7E2" captionStart="Figure 43" captionStartId="F43" captionText="Figure 43. Male palp of Yaginumaella moinba sp. nov., holotype A prolateral B ventral C retrolateral. Abbreviations: E embolus; PL posterior tegular lobe; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure43" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201151">43 A, B</figureCitation>
) vs ca 6: 30 oclock position (
<bibRefCitation id="B4CD4FD59A4D00C8736804023E260B90" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1204.122887" author="Li" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Li" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="301-312" refId="B10" refString="Li SL, Liu P, Peng XJ (2024) Three new species of jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae) from Hunan, China. ZooKeys 1204: 301312. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1204.122887" title="Three new species of jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae) from Hunan, China." volume="1204" year="2024">Li et al. 2024</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 4 A); 2) retrolateral tibial apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E41DK" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="69643C171CAF9210A8866FEA2EA65269">RTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) apically directed towards ca 12: 30 oclock position in retrolateral view (Fig.
<figureCitation id="906E1F87406726DB32F66F274C2F0E10" captionStart="Figure 43" captionStartId="F43" captionText="Figure 43. Male palp of Yaginumaella moinba sp. nov., holotype A prolateral B ventral C retrolateral. Abbreviations: E embolus; PL posterior tegular lobe; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure43" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201151">43 C</figureCitation>
) vs ca 1: 30 oclock (
<bibRefCitation id="8620F7564ED3F0A76D2AEDEF023ECDC3" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1204.122887" author="Li" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Li" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="301-312" refId="B10" refString="Li SL, Liu P, Peng XJ (2024) Three new species of jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae) from Hunan, China. ZooKeys 1204: 301312. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1204.122887" title="Three new species of jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae) from Hunan, China." volume="1204" year="2024">Li et al. 2024</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 4 B). The female of this species resembles that of
<taxonomicName id="5528DDDBDA805E540991B1DB81268B0A" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Yaginumaella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pingbian" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C638544AE21062210DAE4C52DE9F8AB0" italics="true">Y. pingbian</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6EBEDEB6826B4A02D851E49F6BACD59B" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
in having anterolaterally located, bell-shaped epigynal hood (H), but can be easily distinguished by the copulatory ducts, which are extending into an approximate S-shape (Fig.
<figureCitation id="7EA0477AA1D9A08A9090B12D2D03B159" captionStart="Figure 44" captionStartId="F44" captionText="Figure 44. Yaginumaella moinba sp. nov. E, F, H, I male holotype and A D, G female paratype (TRU - JS 0818) A, C epigyne, ventral B, D vulva, dorsal E, G habitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral H carapace, frontal I chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: At atrium; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A D, I); 0.5 mm (E H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure44" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201152">44 B D</figureCitation>
) vs extending into approximate L-shape at beginning (Fig.
<figureCitation id="59E08B3437A582F894560D0BD1DEBA9C" captionStart="Figure 46" captionStartId="F46" captionText="Figure 46. Yaginumaella pingbian sp. nov. C, E G male holotype and A, B, D female paratype (TRU - JS 0820) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, D habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201154">46 B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="8B7593D4947C6E5156C418335B7BCFEE" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure43" ID-arpha="06991987-2A6E-5651-A10D-F091FB57BC48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201151" startId="F43">
<paragraph id="48D4933A1E67854A036247993A1A33DA">
<label id="2F31F2074C313E80F0D647F10F5037A5">Figure 43.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AF6311D5C0A20BA1F12578DBF1A5A8A4">
Male palp of
<taxonomicName id="DB75E65000ABF5F69A7D5C2C838A4C22" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Yaginumaella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="moinba" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="5C9E96626A8D312AC561B79AD195B122" italics="true">Yaginumaella moinba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="818D82EC43398D5B48B9E0D1F879E90B" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype
<emphasis id="A28A1B62D0E733E6E1CE92E991CEDA3D" bold="true">A</emphasis>
prolateral
<emphasis id="AAA5F4254F531005CC4A5CF0B523CF97" bold="true">B</emphasis>
ventral
<emphasis id="7813BC161E16588798CCFA5BD767D365" bold="true">C</emphasis>
retrolateral. Abbreviations: E embolus;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EV3DK" xlink_title="posterior tegular lobe">PL</abbrev>
posterior tegular lobe;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZ3DK" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">RTA</abbrev>
retrolateral tibial apophysis;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E43DK" xlink_title="sperm duct">SD</abbrev>
sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="AB5C9234766EEB77F002A25ED36A444B" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure44" ID-arpha="CBFAD4B3-1F86-5F9C-B9C2-EF82308DC7BF" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201152" startId="F44">
<paragraph id="A928243DC15349FF8D753BDCCA43C662">
<label id="7176406BC94BF7474A49EE16AC3B1626">Figure 44.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="172767EE5E850196ED3DF4419782B6CD">
<taxonomicName id="16339F1DD7014A88110B6D76A54133FD" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Yaginumaella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="moinba" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="398659CCCA340150636EEFBD453E8C34" italics="true">Yaginumaella moinba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8042DBD6DED8F1C0DCB0C6E9BD6616F0" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="D2725A9BD185FE3C01D17E98F4CB6E0B" bold="true">E, F, H, I</emphasis>
male holotype and
<emphasis id="DF5AAAE2789FCE4927E01FEFD72C5E85" bold="true">A D, G</emphasis>
female paratype (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E44DK" xlink_title="Tongren University">TRU</abbrev>
-
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EB5DK" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0818)
<emphasis id="66FACB6B1F06969C9428342EB8BD545A" bold="true">A, C</emphasis>
epigyne, ventral
<emphasis id="4EDDA54CD3130040E396EB5D796BAD36" bold="true">B, D</emphasis>
vulva, dorsal
<emphasis id="C7D5EBE6329C7AC3383BAC3D64EB6C2D" bold="true">E, G</emphasis>
habitus, dorsal
<emphasis id="57E58968EF520FC5031507A59DCF4996" bold="true">F</emphasis>
ditto, ventral
<emphasis id="7BD649EB3884A4F392DFC9680F5CEDA4" bold="true">H</emphasis>
carapace, frontal
<emphasis id="70BB385D2BBB42F84C310DC4ED574888" bold="true">I</emphasis>
chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ER5DK" xlink_title="atrium">At</abbrev>
atrium;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EV5DK" xlink_title="copulatory duct">CD</abbrev>
copulatory duct;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZ5DK" xlink_title="copulatory opening">CO</abbrev>
copulatory opening;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E45DK" xlink_title="fertilization duct">FD</abbrev>
fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (
<emphasis id="E8AE871AEDB58393094490407A0DAAAA" bold="true">A D, I</emphasis>
); 0.5 mm (
<emphasis id="199B59948D4D67A887E0A78A6C4DCC05" bold="true">E H</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EK6DK" type="description">
<paragraph id="53D8C87D124B5EE55D406887F5AEAA10">
<heading id="44594393BB99C2E8F984CE5DFA958C42" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C969FE4F7C1C22222DC52B3C460145DD">
<emphasis id="9935E324371336A45D5E7657DECC6629" bold="true">Male</emphasis>
(Figs
<geoCoordinate id="121C0D14BC52DE2A89654494C620B3AD" degrees="43, 44" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="43.44">
<figureCitation id="05A1861C795FE0C81744FAFBDE52E8CF" captionStart="Figure 43" captionStartId="F43" captionText="Figure 43. Male palp of Yaginumaella moinba sp. nov., holotype A prolateral B ventral C retrolateral. Abbreviations: E embolus; PL posterior tegular lobe; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure43" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201151">43</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="DC751E9A5786891337F8FD66C7843A2B" captionStart="Figure 44" captionStartId="F44" captionText="Figure 44. Yaginumaella moinba sp. nov. E, F, H, I male holotype and A D, G female paratype (TRU - JS 0818) A, C epigyne, ventral B, D vulva, dorsal E, G habitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral H carapace, frontal I chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: At atrium; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A D, I); 0.5 mm (E H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure44" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201152">44 E, F, H, I</figureCitation>
</geoCoordinate>
). Total length 3.94. Carapace 1.94 long, 1.54 wide. Abdomen 2.00 long, 1.23 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E16DK" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.46,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E56DK" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.24,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ECAEK" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.20,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EGAEK" xlink_title="anterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="CA49FC674D08960DA3646AA89A2CAAFB">AERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.36,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EKAEK" xlink_title="posterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="B8756DDFD46A6C197C27F578CFFD06B0">PERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.29,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EOAEK" xlink_title="eye field length">EFL</abbrev>
0.89. Legs: I 4.18 (1.20, 0.68, 1.10, 0.70, 0.50), II 3.86 (1.20, 0.63, 0.95, 0.63, 0.45), III 4.39 (1.28, 0.63, 1.03, 0.95, 0.50), IV 4.59 (1.28, 0.55, 1.13, 1.13, 0.50). Carapace pale yellow except baso-lateral part of face and area behind AMEs brown. Legs pale yellow, with dark brown patches on femora I, and three and two pairs of ventral spines on tibiae and metatarsi I. Dorsum of abdomen with irregular green-brown patches and sliver spots; venter grey centrally and covered with dense sliver spots laterally.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2EB1120E5C659EED58E8E93E42757CD5">
<emphasis id="1AFC8B69D764615F946E1D1EDE9C456E" bold="true" italics="true">Palp</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="4410928C9158E92B8278B4038E42FC86" captionStart="Figure 43" captionStartId="F43" captionText="Figure 43. Male palp of Yaginumaella moinba sp. nov., holotype A prolateral B ventral C retrolateral. Abbreviations: E embolus; PL posterior tegular lobe; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure43" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201151">43 A C</figureCitation>
): femur length / width ratio ca 3.5; patella ~ 1.45 × longer than tibia; tibia ~ 1.3 × longer than wide in retrolateral view, with tapered retrolateral apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4AEK" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="04423DE354D89F2C2D22F462EF0F3009">RTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) shorter than tibia, slightly curved medially and pointed apically; cymbium ~ 1.5 × longer than wide in ventral view; tegulum almost oval, slightly swollen medio-posteriorly, with tapered, somewhat curved posterior lobe (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBBEK" xlink_title="posterior tegular lobe">
<collectionCode id="4BE3C9A905E7410ACF814A69B338ACB1" country="Czech Republic" name="Západoceské muzeum v Plzni" type="Museum">PL</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
); embolus (E) originating at ca 8: 30 oclock position, curved clockwise along the tegulum at anterior half, and terminating at ca 1 oclock position.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4B4682BF9BE306287B42969DF315A04C">
<emphasis id="A1CC379D6C099791E133A5780BC55DAD" bold="true">Female</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="92F89666C4786B42EBC5C637DB9090FC" captionStart="Figure 44" captionStartId="F44" captionText="Figure 44. Yaginumaella moinba sp. nov. E, F, H, I male holotype and A D, G female paratype (TRU - JS 0818) A, C epigyne, ventral B, D vulva, dorsal E, G habitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral H carapace, frontal I chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: At atrium; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A D, I); 0.5 mm (E H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure44" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201152">44 A D, G</figureCitation>
). Total length 4.63. Carapace 1.77 long, 1.40 wide. Abdomen 2.80 long, 1.97 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENBEK" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.47,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERBEK" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.23,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVBEK" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.20,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZBEK" xlink_title="anterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="11339845E40796F4AAC1F3B65B3824FC">AERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.30,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4BEK" xlink_title="posterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="AB007CA3C72B17F24576FC5A604BD956">PERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.25,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBCEK" xlink_title="eye field length">EFL</abbrev>
0.90. Legs: I 3.23 (0.90, 0.65, 0.75, 0.50, 0.43), II 3.07 (0.88, 0.60, 0.68, 0.48, 0.43), III 3.66 (1.08, 0.60, 0.75, 0.75, 0.48), IV 3.86 (1.13, 0.55, 0.85, 0.85, 0.48). Habitus (Fig.
<figureCitation id="41E2532E1AB95D80661D55F5F92AADEA" captionStart="Figure 44" captionStartId="F44" captionText="Figure 44. Yaginumaella moinba sp. nov. E, F, H, I male holotype and A D, G female paratype (TRU - JS 0818) A, C epigyne, ventral B, D vulva, dorsal E, G habitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral H carapace, frontal I chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: At atrium; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A D, I); 0.5 mm (E H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure44" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201152">44 G</figureCitation>
) similar to that of male except dorsum of abdomen brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C2A6F2C52657ADBFA1C5B64F7A6D9746">
<emphasis id="9BAF142F02F1F5525A1899325E7EFE3A" bold="true" italics="true">Epigyne</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="6B57782CEDFDB05BF090CE3CDC40A240" captionStart="Figure 44" captionStartId="F44" captionText="Figure 44. Yaginumaella moinba sp. nov. E, F, H, I male holotype and A D, G female paratype (TRU - JS 0818) A, C epigyne, ventral B, D vulva, dorsal E, G habitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral H carapace, frontal I chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: At atrium; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A D, I); 0.5 mm (E H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure44" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201152">44 A D</figureCitation>
) ~ 1.3 × wider than long, with pair of anterior hoods (H) lateral to transversely oval atrium (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EUCEK" xlink_title="atrium">At</abbrev>
) and copulatory openings (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYCEK" xlink_title="copulatory opening">CO</abbrev>
); copulatory ducts (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3CEK" xlink_title="copulatory duct">
<collectionCode id="DAD30260130EED9E3A6F64664CFE7D75">CD</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) curved into ca S-shape; spermathecae (S) oval, separated from each other by ~ 1 / 4 of their width.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EADEK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="0512A10E7ABF3F246A3B79DF282BC907">
<heading id="6FCC7A5AC05ECA2E70A6B383E4024346" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4D28D104F93A0952FADCD6AFC7453B78">
Known only from the
<typeStatus id="46F78094A6CADEDFC208BD0B5DEB5516">type</typeStatus>
locality in
<collectingRegion id="8E931B3AC304AEFD09C2185647DF9D7C" country="China" name="Xizang">Xizang</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="3D441FE2E9DB06802E2DC05FC3BFCADD" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="3B027992933D32378E539855E3FDF891" captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="F47" captionText="Figure 47. Distributional records of Cheliceroides jinxini sp. nov., Dendroicius qiong sp. nov., Icius deergong sp. nov., I. yarlungzangbo sp. nov., Mintonia shiwandashan sp. nov., Okinawicius nepalicus (Andreeva, Hęciak &amp; Prószyński, 1984), Pancorius medog sp. nov., Piranthus maddisoni sp. nov., Stertinius lhoba sp. nov., Synagelides kongmingi sp. nov., S. yunchangi sp. nov., S. xuandei sp. nov., Yaginumaella daweishan sp. nov., Y. moinba sp. nov., and Y. pingbian sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201156">47</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,498 @@
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</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="E9E31D25B537C4C2CC2480A077F7C0C3">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="96BEADC87B799B3554FE17D02F6766FD" type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="5159893921F690E4B23A6BAA9EE50BEC" type="ZooBank">B61D8EFC-2753-4B88-8A36-DAB1F37D96BB</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="92DAAA87A0E757C7A6C9E49714BE0298" ID-arpha="92DAAA87-A0E7-57C7-A6C9-E49714BE0298" ID-zoobank="https://zoobank.org/5A9A8D0B-A854-402D-AFC6-5D3045DC751B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:92DAAA87A0E757C7A6C9E49714BE0298" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:5A9A8D0B-A854-402D-AFC6-5D3045DC751B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/92DAAA87A0E757C7A6C9E49714BE0298">
<subSubSection id="AC10A75E1BA7047160790B11F6E1544E" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="ADF325DF7B386C03DADA9447C1F47313">
<taxonomicName id="3E5B3D29A11848B3792CA3F4BE596D99" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Yaginumaella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pingbian" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4481FB9108E4509C30917C2F8283F10B" italics="true">Yaginumaella pingbian</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="71DBCD005396DD868B4C5C02EBE6A675" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6523D3BFFD1307A1BB08734A0AC45D7F" type="description">
<paragraph id="E596CA162AD5E545D213173CA4C01876">
<figureCitation id="096C3425BAD5BE5A74EF44894249F9A7" captionStart="Figure 45" captionStartId="F45" captionText="Figure 45. Male palp of Yaginumaella pingbian sp. nov., holotype A prolateral B ventral C retrolateral. Abbreviations: E embolus; PL posterior tegular lobe; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure45" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201153">Figs 45</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="C06F9A28E2E0D4BED41EB3021C9B812F" captionStart="Figure 46" captionStartId="F46" captionText="Figure 46. Yaginumaella pingbian sp. nov. C, E G male holotype and A, B, D female paratype (TRU - JS 0820) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, D habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201154">46</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="CD0F7BEAFEA2BEF77A62ABD4B0CBE00D" captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="F47" captionText="Figure 47. Distributional records of Cheliceroides jinxini sp. nov., Dendroicius qiong sp. nov., Icius deergong sp. nov., I. yarlungzangbo sp. nov., Mintonia shiwandashan sp. nov., Okinawicius nepalicus (Andreeva, Hęciak &amp; Prószyński, 1984), Pancorius medog sp. nov., Piranthus maddisoni sp. nov., Stertinius lhoba sp. nov., Synagelides kongmingi sp. nov., S. yunchangi sp. nov., S. xuandei sp. nov., Yaginumaella daweishan sp. nov., Y. moinba sp. nov., and Y. pingbian sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201156">47</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E6EEK" type="type material">
<paragraph id="DA2934410E83350A01DED54F616E0FF9">
<heading id="12233E4F919646DE81B9BB07C7B73E39" reason="title">Type material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5DFEE4393AEBEF949095B442620AB478">
<materialsCitation id="5B9FC44A7973EF5B3455B446238D03F2" collectingDate="2024-05-15" collectionCode="TRU" collectorName="C. Wang" country="China" county="Pingbian Miao Autonomous County" elevation="2040" latitude="22.9135" location="Daweishan National Nature Reserve" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="103.70033" specimenCode="JS 0819" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="26FEFB47AE62A0EEC42190C18FFDBE4B" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="234EB8EE7D53A841B56CEA8A4127EE92" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="A7FE309723C8D57B0D16DCAD7805B796" count="1" type="male"></specimenCount>
(
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EKFEK" xlink_title="Tongren University">
<collectionCode id="66213640B0BA72DEC983C2A24A542CEB" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">TRU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
-
<specimenCode id="7709BC1DB4D9F60E4DED2493C0C6BA4D" collectionCode="TRU" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EOFEK" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0819
</specimenCode>
),
<collectingCountry id="68161AA2D64D57F500D61494FB2A56FA" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
: •
<collectingRegion id="9DDEA0565E6CCE504A304B9789048C18" country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="4B450B71048B2774CA40CF7DB40ADA84">Pingbian Miao Autonomous County</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="4B5B2A4E4DA8B8BC64A28CC188B76056" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:92DAAA87A0E757C7A6C9E49714BE0298:4B5B2A4E4DA8B8BC64A28CC188B76056" country="China" county="Pingbian Miao Autonomous County" latitude="22.9135" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="103.70033" name="Daweishan National Nature Reserve" stateProvince="Yunnan">Daweishan National Nature Reserve</location>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EVFEK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[103.700333,22.913500]}">
<geoCoordinate id="5B6B2AEF45D206B5052C4E10DF294B9D" degrees="22" direction="north" minutes="54.81" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="22.9135">22 ° 54.81 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="04A5AEF0A09C68611F045FC7F05CA283" degrees="103" direction="east" minutes="42.02" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="103.70033">103 ° 42.02 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
, ca
<quantity id="54D1BB7E9B4B26C10CBE8C48E5ED7E55" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.04" unit="m" value="2040.0">
<elevation id="835A9498B48FED91481097D07755EC82" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.04" unit="m" value="2040.0">2040 m</elevation>
</quantity>
),
<date id="4041D6CE23957D07BCB5667AF1F4B01C" value="2024-05-15">
<collectingDate id="E419992FB73D9E213C9AFBB7A3EB2953" value="2024-05-15">15. V. 2024</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="9849D28B65F368DF48B221723AC9967B">C. Wang</collectorName>
et al. leg
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="D06E2B6D2D93C6D5C55D1876C01C43B5" collectingDate="2024-05-15" collectionCode="TRU" collectorName="C. Wang" country="China" county="Pingbian Miao Autonomous County" elevation="2040" latitude="22.9135" location="Daweishan National Nature Reserve" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="103.70033" specimenCode="JS 0820-0822" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="38639F1465CA03541834E9A300811666" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="404A82F5739DE99C55B4F275BEDC98F2" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="F0B709C754364E03CF871844C830AFC9" count="3" type="female">3 ♀</specimenCount>
(
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4FEK" xlink_title="Tongren University">
<collectionCode id="9B6C2F5C0F34C20DE6652F5AAE15645E" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">TRU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
-
<specimenCode id="AD098A53B6A7FA3609BB791C69DEAB63" collectionCode="TRU" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBGEK" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
08200822
</specimenCode>
), same data as for holotype
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EFGEK" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B5F3951763B02B2057E379A730F00BA">
<heading id="231D00E768221166C5B6B91588BE8785" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E20DD37D8EB93274AD80C6D20B9999F6">
The species name refers to the
<typeStatus id="41C62911E26850E40F4F597760062E2C">type</typeStatus>
locality: Pingbian Miao Autonomous County; noun in apposition.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EKGEK" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="B27517B3D353B9B16EA9A8F0EA1954AE">
<heading id="138F103290EA9107CE298C5FB35188EC" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1F6FB950A6488E22F54485704D03F0BE">
<taxonomicName id="02391758D395E56076C6E43F42BEA361" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Yaginumaella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pingbian" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E82C14F8725C630BFE5A781B0DDE9FE0" italics="true">Yaginumaella pingbian</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7ECA2598439502EF7C64CEE5CCCFCDD2" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
resembles that of
<taxonomicName id="D97118B81AF3D72C125743891D5BAA61" authority="Wang, Mi &amp; Li, 2024" authorityName="Wang, Mi &amp; Li" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Yaginumaella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="erlang">
<emphasis id="31E101116E32669C1C36ECE2D56DE30F" italics="true">Y. erlang</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="AAD68B374AE6DA1668F5ED5455B263F1" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1192.114589" author="Wang C &amp; Mi XQ &amp; Li S" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="141-178" refId="B32" refString="Wang C, Mi XQ, Li S (2024) Eleven species of jumping spiders from Sichuan, Xizang, and Yunnan, China (Araneae, Salticidae). ZooKeys 1192: 141 - 178. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 1192.114589" title="Eleven species of jumping spiders from Sichuan, Xizang, and Yunnan, China (Araneae, Salticidae)." volume="1192" year="2024">
Wang, Mi &amp; Li,
<quantity id="EF3E0094DFDEA13488EF4B02D37E2543" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.14096" unit="in" value="2024.0">2024 in</quantity>
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
its habitus and general shape of copulatory organs, but can be easily distinguished by the following: 1) male palpal tibia approximately ~ as long as wide in retrolateral view (Fig.
<figureCitation id="C8850CFB934A2569B14D97C47C0817A3" captionStart="Figure 45" captionStartId="F45" captionText="Figure 45. Male palp of Yaginumaella pingbian sp. nov., holotype A prolateral B ventral C retrolateral. Abbreviations: E embolus; PL posterior tegular lobe; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure45" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201153">45 C</figureCitation>
) vs wider than long (
<bibRefCitation id="D1F9CCDFE19FC39AE4C7473F7EF703C2" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1192.114589" author="Wang" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Wang" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="141-178" refId="B32" refString="Wang C, Mi XQ, Li S (2024) Eleven species of jumping spiders from Sichuan, Xizang, and Yunnan, China (Araneae, Salticidae). ZooKeys 1192: 141178. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1192.114589" title="Eleven species of jumping spiders from Sichuan, Xizang, and Yunnan, China (Araneae, Salticidae)." volume="1192" year="2024">Wang et al. 2024</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 20 C); 2) central longitudinal band on thoracic part in male ~ 1 / 4 of carapace width (Fig.
<figureCitation id="401A94D71FAD037ACA014F6331936CBC" captionStart="Figure 46" captionStartId="F46" captionText="Figure 46. Yaginumaella pingbian sp. nov. C, E G male holotype and A, B, D female paratype (TRU - JS 0820) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, D habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201154">46 C</figureCitation>
) vs &lt;1 / 5 (
<bibRefCitation id="5CF0B1431ED2B70A1903AEF84A957FE5" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1192.114589" author="Wang" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Wang" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="141-178" refId="B32" refString="Wang C, Mi XQ, Li S (2024) Eleven species of jumping spiders from Sichuan, Xizang, and Yunnan, China (Araneae, Salticidae). ZooKeys 1192: 141178. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1192.114589" title="Eleven species of jumping spiders from Sichuan, Xizang, and Yunnan, China (Araneae, Salticidae)." volume="1192" year="2024">Wang et al. 2024</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 21 C); 3) epigynal hood (H) strongly sclerotized, opened towards 6: 30 oclock position (Fig.
<figureCitation id="DCE3BC8C47D684653C509A6DFE26D920" captionStart="Figure 46" captionStartId="F46" captionText="Figure 46. Yaginumaella pingbian sp. nov. C, E G male holotype and A, B, D female paratype (TRU - JS 0820) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, D habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201154">46 A</figureCitation>
) vs weakly sclerotized, opened towards ca 7: 30 oclock position (
<bibRefCitation id="B75EE3873A44166D996A5CDDC88EF24E" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1192.114589" author="Wang" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Wang" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="141-178" refId="B32" refString="Wang C, Mi XQ, Li S (2024) Eleven species of jumping spiders from Sichuan, Xizang, and Yunnan, China (Araneae, Salticidae). ZooKeys 1192: 141178. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1192.114589" title="Eleven species of jumping spiders from Sichuan, Xizang, and Yunnan, China (Araneae, Salticidae)." volume="1192" year="2024">Wang et al. 2024</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 21 A). The female also somewhat resembles that of
<taxonomicName id="5DCDCF39B57FC9DC1DCBEC906E3C811C" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Yaginumaella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="moinba" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="F7DDEEF80EC1D407BDFF1BB93131D8B5" italics="true">Y. moinba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DF6C2880FA94681F98C64A615FFCA7C2" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, but can be easily distinguished by the copulatory ducts (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJIEK" xlink_title="copulatory opening">CO</abbrev>
), which are extending into L-shape at beginning (Fig.
<figureCitation id="EC5C8E2EA67F2894183E3EB08EDCA6C4" captionStart="Figure 46" captionStartId="F46" captionText="Figure 46. Yaginumaella pingbian sp. nov. C, E G male holotype and A, B, D female paratype (TRU - JS 0820) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, D habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201154">46 B</figureCitation>
) vs approximately S-shape (Fig.
<figureCitation id="C056172B1B3C8229C84B63D237CBBFAF" captionStart="Figure 44" captionStartId="F44" captionText="Figure 44. Yaginumaella moinba sp. nov. E, F, H, I male holotype and A D, G female paratype (TRU - JS 0818) A, C epigyne, ventral B, D vulva, dorsal E, G habitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral H carapace, frontal I chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: At atrium; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A D, I); 0.5 mm (E H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure44" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201152">44 B D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="40B01DA7AD71C86D363D1ACD7AD6681B" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure45" ID-arpha="5A0DE459-EC60-5D75-A354-E076F3DFFED6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201153" startId="F45">
<paragraph id="AA8F9043DC931B2475A4379D313708BD">
<label id="E20E0A10FAB863CF7BBEBF5FB2934402">Figure 45.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EFB6C4957C3099B4D2138E458B763278">
Male palp of
<taxonomicName id="4CB4BB5D103434BD9656840B85D633E0" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Yaginumaella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pingbian" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="370CBDFBD5F33E85165C012C76A9EEE1" italics="true">Yaginumaella pingbian</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1A988127AA73962EF9533F1EAA7D2C3E" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype
<emphasis id="F9E83A6CAC2D882D2F41A1DBDE05A060" bold="true">A</emphasis>
prolateral
<emphasis id="0279083966F9705938FDB75AB5B8D9CF" bold="true">B</emphasis>
ventral
<emphasis id="C182C372A71F86DD07543F49495FEF73" bold="true">C</emphasis>
retrolateral. Abbreviations: E embolus;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EOJEK" xlink_title="posterior tegular lobe">PL</abbrev>
posterior tegular lobe;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ESJEK" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">RTA</abbrev>
retrolateral tibial apophysis;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EWJEK" xlink_title="sperm duct">SD</abbrev>
sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="0BEBF1213B9450060EE45D11C193DFA0" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure46" ID-arpha="D6611757-34B0-5A38-80B4-3476280AE047" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201154" startId="F46">
<paragraph id="305CC921399EECE8058BBF412AA0B20D">
<label id="A245A9DD9F933A29E7058F75C84CE0DB">Figure 46.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C0D204986689987CC7279B9F984F67AE">
<taxonomicName id="FC9BA4F3E97B4F9781FC9CCDEE3E0F54" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Yaginumaella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pingbian" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="AFB038A887833F851E7BB15C958A2F6D" italics="true">Yaginumaella pingbian</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4790C256C9E3AE9277AD4E473CEF8040" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="EDEC78C293B4B6F666714127999B9AC7" bold="true">C, E G</emphasis>
male holotype and
<emphasis id="617BBF66FEB1292741A02910A27C45BE" bold="true">A, B, D</emphasis>
female paratype (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EWKEK" xlink_title="Tongren University">TRU</abbrev>
-
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E1KEK" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0820)
<emphasis id="7CA48148619407EB2680F703CA74F829" bold="true">A</emphasis>
epigyne, ventral
<emphasis id="A07C4C37F94E83DA8EF9D4D698634BFF" bold="true">B</emphasis>
vulva, dorsal
<emphasis id="3597842C6973F30579CD41FBE36B5C36" bold="true">C, D</emphasis>
habitus, dorsal
<emphasis id="FF9D6085D275618180D1919694D1D27E" bold="true">E</emphasis>
ditto, ventral
<emphasis id="54AE1C87AAA8CF939DD983D80F9DD0B4" bold="true">F</emphasis>
carapace, frontal
<emphasis id="331DA9DC00F8DAB66EA25F9C063995E5" bold="true">G</emphasis>
chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EKLEK" xlink_title="copulatory duct">CD</abbrev>
copulatory duct;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EOLEK" xlink_title="copulatory opening">CO</abbrev>
copulatory opening;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ESLEK" xlink_title="fertilization duct">FD</abbrev>
fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (
<emphasis id="A878B3D3D21E1AA3CFEDB1FB08B3395C" bold="true">A, B, G</emphasis>
); 0.5 mm (
<emphasis id="25AE06E0E7EB456AA7263D89EB0456C9" bold="true">C F</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E6LEK" type="description">
<paragraph id="B5E9FEBDFC18EF80E8B8DB77EB8CD110">
<heading id="52312161AB0049A6A82C373BCDCF62F3" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="373090CBA4058421D626F7F3839B7D5C">
<emphasis id="FADC8FB9E77A601F9837EC27A5563A10" bold="true">Male</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation id="FBD58C6D87C384CE37F2529FC491D3D7" captionStart="Figure 45" captionStartId="F45" captionText="Figure 45. Male palp of Yaginumaella pingbian sp. nov., holotype A prolateral B ventral C retrolateral. Abbreviations: E embolus; PL posterior tegular lobe; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure45" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201153">45</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="94F8F56E491A9C4C23A6EA6F89E1EDD6" captionStart="Figure 46" captionStartId="F46" captionText="Figure 46. Yaginumaella pingbian sp. nov. C, E G male holotype and A, B, D female paratype (TRU - JS 0820) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, D habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201154">46 C, E G</figureCitation>
). Total length 4.37. Carapace 2.31 long, 1.76 wide. Abdomen 2.20 long, 1.19 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EPMEK" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.52,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ETMEK" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.30,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EXMEK" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.28,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E2MEK" xlink_title="anterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="A501C5AA64DF06DBA3057E86AA4D8CA5">AERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.63,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E6MEK" xlink_title="posterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="2ABAD507E0D2F0BD6049ECC4C4030A23">PERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.56,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EDNEK" xlink_title="eye field length">EFL</abbrev>
0.98. Legs: I 4.79 (1.50, 0.78, 1.13, 0.85, 0.53), II 4.26 (1.30, 0.75, 0.95, 0.73, 0.53), III 4.56 (1.43, 0.70, 1.00, 0.95, 0.48), IV 5.08 (1.50, 0.65, 1.18, 1.20, 0.55). Carapace mainly orange-yellow, covered with dark and golden setae, with pair of lateral pale bands bearing pale setae and longitudinal, central pale stripe extending across thoracic part. Legs pale, mingled with orange-brown, with lateral dark brown stripes on femora I, and three and two pairs of ventral spines on tibiae and metatarsi I. Dorsum of abdomen brown, with longitudinal, central, broad pale band extending across whole surface and bifurcated at posterior 1 / 3; venter pale, with longitudinal, central inconsecutive green-brown stripes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7AE592A25D64E072EE14E2C23F58F38B">
<emphasis id="2E874E208634BE30E079E30B22DA36C1" bold="true" italics="true">Palp</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="5DCAE934BEDB04116B99335F5D082BAA" captionStart="Figure 45" captionStartId="F45" captionText="Figure 45. Male palp of Yaginumaella pingbian sp. nov., holotype A prolateral B ventral C retrolateral. Abbreviations: E embolus; PL posterior tegular lobe; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure45" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201153">45 A C</figureCitation>
): femur length / width ratio ca 3.0; patella ~ 1.15 × longer than wide in retrolateral view; tibia almost as long as wide in retrolateral view; retrolateral tibial apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ESNEK" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="34627B8FCE60837B5F7E97271B25D2DA">RTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) tapered, longer than tibia, curved distally into pointed tip; cymbium ca 1.2 × longer than wide, with almost horizontal tip; tegulum nearly oval, with posteriorly extending posterior lobe (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EWNEK" xlink_title="posterior tegular lobe">
<collectionCode id="36F004D6C00A508DBE2225F4C0DFFD19" country="Czech Republic" name="Západoceské muzeum v Plzni" type="Museum">PL</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
), embolus (E) originating at ca 8: 30 oclock position of bub, curved into C-shape.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="65EE2A1D459E7E042ABD4CFB0E8EDEB4">
<emphasis id="379FDA65761BA4F4871D99EF17D1E91A" bold="true">Female</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="3537ABC10947A739D400AFAE198D7951" captionStart="Figure 46" captionStartId="F46" captionText="Figure 46. Yaginumaella pingbian sp. nov. C, E G male holotype and A, B, D female paratype (TRU - JS 0820) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, D habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201154">46 A, B, D</figureCitation>
). Total length 5.32. Carapace 2.20 long, 1.64 wide. Abdomen 3.24 long, 2.28 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ECOEK" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.52,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EGOEK" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.32,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EKOEK" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.28,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EOOEK" xlink_title="anterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="B57CE296879171B168E3B72AD0F2B130">AERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.60,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ESOEK" xlink_title="posterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="5FD3FAEFA4FC1A33BD9CFB34BD59DC4E">PERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.56,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EWOEK" xlink_title="eye field length">EFL</abbrev>
1.04. Legs: I 4.18 (1.25, 0.75, 1.00, 0.68, 0.50), II 3.94 (1.25, 0.70, 0.88, 0.63, 0.48), III 4.89 (1.58, 0.75, 0.93, 1.03, 0.60), IV 5.22 (1.58, 0.70, 1.18, 1.18, 0.58). Habitus (Fig.
<figureCitation id="1EAD95EBDD3D7DED3FFEDCA26CD7238E" captionStart="Figure 46" captionStartId="F46" captionText="Figure 46. Yaginumaella pingbian sp. nov. C, E G male holotype and A, B, D female paratype (TRU - JS 0820) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, D habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201154">46 D</figureCitation>
) similar to that of male.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="74C2EF098291B3DAEA7B29232B6E766F">
<emphasis id="C6BC1B94C5AAAFBB1A0C024591CB5573" bold="true" italics="true">Epigyne</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="2C6A08A69F4226772E36ACD1FB876438" captionStart="Figure 46" captionStartId="F46" captionText="Figure 46. Yaginumaella pingbian sp. nov. C, E G male holotype and A, B, D female paratype (TRU - JS 0820) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, D habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure46" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201154">46 A, B</figureCitation>
) ~ 1.3 × wider than long, with pair of sub-triangular, anterior hoods (H) lateral to copulatory openings (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJPEK" xlink_title="copulatory opening">CO</abbrev>
); copulatory ducts (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENPEK" xlink_title="copulatory duct">
<collectionCode id="BFB69DF5CABF942C7B8A245CE033412D">CD</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) run into L-shape at beginning, and with complex distal curves; spermathecae (S) without distinct border.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ERPEK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="528BF18BC760FB214E055AAAD11A9FD7">
<heading id="CD4DEC2534FEAA539A0C5A643E7C0693" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="053DF46F461636DD3435F066E86AEC8E">
Known only from the
<typeStatus id="C04D1EFDB5E0378854B0808168F167C0">type</typeStatus>
locality in
<collectingRegion id="CE17DF8247A2742B103679B0828938A9" country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="1F562D259A07372D86FE96AEA8F6BB1F" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="80FA69C8B54D297C906B7EF3BB754CD6" captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="F47" captionText="Figure 47. Distributional records of Cheliceroides jinxini sp. nov., Dendroicius qiong sp. nov., Icius deergong sp. nov., I. yarlungzangbo sp. nov., Mintonia shiwandashan sp. nov., Okinawicius nepalicus (Andreeva, Hęciak &amp; Prószyński, 1984), Pancorius medog sp. nov., Piranthus maddisoni sp. nov., Stertinius lhoba sp. nov., Synagelides kongmingi sp. nov., S. yunchangi sp. nov., S. xuandei sp. nov., Yaginumaella daweishan sp. nov., Y. moinba sp. nov., and Y. pingbian sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201156">47</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="6CAC5DDA3FE3A636BE9DFB4FD3CE2799" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure47" ID-arpha="63CA9611-4615-59CF-BF44-2CD29FF77A0A" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201156" startId="F47">
<paragraph id="440B1EEBAB30898186618F30459DE793">
<label id="A7F2C5176AFC7C03B8FB962C2FF73B1D">Figure 47.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D250A6CB07F68A1B3323D387FD568B8A">
Distributional records of
<taxonomicName id="4B619E518EE67F558EA3330AE413F064" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Cheliceroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jinxini" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="5CB0A48B9597D9981568AE28B82599EA" italics="true">Cheliceroides jinxini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6A3FC8F3ED65CA4E6130282372851436" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="F20D9EDAE5BD8837C3756AE6623B031F" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Dendroicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="qiong" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="CCCC29B891365882C02F1950AE1348AD" italics="true">Dendroicius qiong</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9338D0DD6E8EED108A88CD8AD03DD41F" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="D3788B6BBD28665999B9C5165879296B" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Icius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deergong" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7B8BBD778253F0B2454B534C2C71E6FD" italics="true">Icius deergong</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="23136F334A48E8AAA7FB5B5F5F125AFC" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="23C996D27B825BE416EEE79DB7FCEFF4" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Irura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yarlungzangbo" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E9CF10A8E7E16D8FD52F2D24154F356C" italics="true">I. yarlungzangbo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1178DF1A11A3820295CB0D1A97D06B8C" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="293EAC57B0A3C412247EE68FCEC970E4" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Mintonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shiwandashan" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="82410ACD759AB9A79D6D1D9D42E6BCEF" italics="true">Mintonia shiwandashan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="60FC6F2C396C2AA40552E48CB44C14E1" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="E4A208F1D45232CC29A0953F7DF1E1AD" authority="(Andreeva, Heciak &amp; Proszynski, 1984)" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Andreeva, Heciak &amp; Proszynski" baseAuthorityYear="1984" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Okinawicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nepalicus">
<emphasis id="115B873E70EB7E34EE9C0CF7897D8F5B" italics="true">Okinawicius nepalicus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="91059DEA59BCBE45314F0CDC1E3530BF" author="Andreeva EM &amp; Hęciak S &amp; Prószyński J" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici, Warszawa" pagination="349-375" refId="B1" refString="Andreeva EM, Heciak S, Proszynski J (1984) Remarks on Icius and Pseudicius (Araneae, Salticidae) mainly from central Asia. Annales Zoologici, Warszawa 37: 349 - 375." title="Remarks on Icius and Pseudicius (Araneae, Salticidae) mainly from central Asia." volume="37" year="1984">Andreeva, Hęciak &amp; Prószyński, 1984</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="F7FACECE7606D66DA98D083956347188" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Pancorius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medog" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="59776065CA49008C550C78B4EFEEA240" italics="true">Pancorius medog</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="90DC72122A01359FC65650B9CA4B7A83" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="4CAFD045E9CF201212F0C06A62CE5024" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Piranthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maddisoni" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="30DAFB114B0131441D1A5D3FAD3C9336" italics="true">Piranthus maddisoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6E923AA4050A31AECBF9F48A0EB4887A" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="BBB661CE75DA5D85181B57F0D6C14AC6" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Stertinius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lhoba" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="AAC010567A133FBBA604FEAA25C7BBF2" italics="true">Stertinius lhoba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="686CF9BC6E0E6E4BC5E478A1DA865288" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="B8D25B0747FA3B3EBB21455B81C74EBD" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Synagelides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kongmingi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="6946846F7BB2D858BC82DD339D7BB45C" italics="true">Synagelides kongmingi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="EBD4C4B82D1FC138E2167E35994D6442" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="0F3D1864994A3E5DD84AD798D69DFC01" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Synagelides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yunchangi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FF1C0F3C580304E8C73819DB31FCC7E3" italics="true">S. yunchangi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9398ADD209F108A4509618D0EA33CD33" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="CB94B54D00A162BCB77F4007F786C1C1" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Synagelides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xuandei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="124F9071B75433B01DEEB2ED75DE9DC0" italics="true">S. xuandei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="87B940DA44F959F7222B31B702E43677" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="EE3E56906F1BAC9A45219B3ABBC474CD" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Yaginumaella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="daweishan" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="21589ABFACBADE0632B5282060B202F6" italics="true">Yaginumaella daweishan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3360A0A743BF70F9A665ED296A7EFB07" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="B8C46144DE3333390D29EA6AED1737BB" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Yaginumaella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="moinba" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3DD4647A753C7AA35BB541BE866B6A12" italics="true">Y. moinba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="050FA2267826EC4CACC887EA5252A29B" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, and
<taxonomicName id="D77ED75821CDF8D5919B7BB6B5FD4AE0" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Yaginumaella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pingbian" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="DA1409DDC83AC0B001DA5D24B919F288" italics="true">Y. pingbian</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4ADEC22527B2D032D866D3F869B0DE49" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="740E07204ABA678667562C9E0F864959" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure48" ID-arpha="E6184E58-DA76-5F8F-BC12-B21A1AFC7DAF" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201157" startId="F48">
<paragraph id="671CBB8189A823A95570699584A69B0D">
<label id="DE5DDC338BC2EAE1AF744974D02B096C">Figure 48.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EED7112D4A59222A98E6C249BAB40395">
Distributional records of
<taxonomicName id="6836CD67105A9D9F236891032B8CD360" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Irura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="qiuhangi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="D05ABBE3A525D74FBBEA9A1EB85A2707" italics="true">Irura qiuhangi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7A0C2CF90D548CE4EFA843FFA87733B4" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="00AEBA7FE06274528A93D3DE933F68E3" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Myrmarachne" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kuan" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="2DB7778789F88166E7DA14EF53F5B395" italics="true">Myrmarachne kuan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F28CAE95D2268171209F083CBC641C42" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="2B073DA914378547DD513D387F777187" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Nandicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xiefengi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="DBE862C6E91148A581B0EE6E09AF3CAB" italics="true">Nandicius xiefengi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E41DE38BCFC5D92447CC1956C10BF98E" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="D38FB83F060E6157D50F68C06044970D" authority="(Cao &amp; Li, 2016)" baseAuthorityName="Cao &amp; Li" baseAuthorityYear="2016" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Padillothorax" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="exilis">
<emphasis id="752FE4FC73629E4EDE35229D5C647051" italics="true">Padillothorax exilis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="82D560B6B4B1092ED34DBD70C4018A51" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.630.8466" author="Cao Q &amp; Li S &amp; Żabka M" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="43-104" refId="B5" refString="Cao Q, Li S, Zabka M (2016) The jumping spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China (Araneae, Salticidae). ZooKeys 630: 43 - 104. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 630.8466" title="The jumping spiders from Xishuangbanna, Yunnan, China (Araneae, Salticidae)." volume="630" year="2016">Cao &amp; Li, 2016</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="8AC0FDB283FC5AC81CAD324038611D48" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Pancorius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yingjiang" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B1F393CB49984A9FFC697B743660F240" italics="true">Pancorius yingjiang</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6E34DF8779F5BFD81EF6C5C1E1599A10" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="F10B9323311E8DE3DA2745AF0393D85E" authority="Proszynski, 1985" authorityName="Proszynski" authorityYear="1985" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Siler" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hanoicus">
<emphasis id="9AA41BE11A70DF166EDFDF8B617F1ED9" italics="true">Siler hanoicus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="B0043A93AD40B5D8300D1431A94999A9" author="Prószyński J" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici, Warszawa" pagination="69-85" refId="B26" refString="Proszynski J (1985) On Siler, Silerella, Cyllobelus and Natta (Araneae, Salticidae). Annales Zoologici, Warszawa 39: 69 - 85." title="On Siler, Silerella, Cyllobelus and Natta (Araneae, Salticidae)." volume="39" year="1985">Prószyński, 1985</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="968D207DEFD739427E0B0F7043D6D104" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Simaetha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hainan" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="AC2098A23D9F1BDE0AF35BB65E8CE771" italics="true">Simaetha hainan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F384697DD90C2094BE5CDF42EFD16F04" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<taxonomicName id="5481EB26170F40D333EE448426CCAF88" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Synagelides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yidei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="29F11C6016A266AADF1DB5275B1AE402" italics="true">Synagelides yidei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C5B1DC73C4A55716FC20F74D9D50E528" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, and
<taxonomicName id="6A47E68A38390C075A16FD9AD21CC11F" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Synagelides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zilongi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8C3F8B02A473E0E2ECE78349D2121F4C" italics="true">S. zilongi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="25D83AD5E81A49153BC73E7CE8A596DC" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,287 @@
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<mods:title id="EAF806C642B9B56175D560A63F445EDA">Taxonomic notes of jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae) from Guangxi, Hainan, Sichuan, Xizang and Yunnan, China</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="85C5A8FE5F58A5B584DFE3F788AC4A04" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="E738D234B06F27A054FD0C3B19C0032C">Wang, Cheng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D5A08EEECC34279C13BD4E2E00A8E941">Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in the Fanjing Mountain Region, Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou 554300, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="60F7DBD6926BCECF488CA13A8E450F18">Mi, Xiaoqi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="B7E2871797CC33439B3338F0453CD83A">Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in the Fanjing Mountain Region, Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou 554300, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="297C234A3D27DCD61492A8C27FAD4462">Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China &amp; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="22B7BAF53B09CDA0216B11EC18383BA4">College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="BE3A189557D8B734B3EBB86914AF4371" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="F8F05796548FB65C34818A2EC92FFF17">
<taxonomicName id="D022D1E23A74A5BDC6606826ACFB6758" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Cheliceroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jinxini" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="5487AA5DE28BF3D1D5447F9D1004EF4B" italics="true">Cheliceroides jinxini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E6976E6314B30AAFFB3E5E2A230EB6B3" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F16A240D80686EB8C37D04B030CDA715" type="description">
<paragraph id="6C22E562FAEF895CDF70B78B87508325">
<figureCitation id="475EC6A9AEF16C58033B8C415645ED5E" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Male palp of Cheliceroides jinxini sp. nov., holotype A ventral B retrolateral. Abbreviations: E embolus; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201105">Figs 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="40F30257C03255E59224B4B7E4BF53B1" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Cheliceroides jinxini sp. nov., holotype A habitus, dorsal B ditto, ventral C carapace, frontal D chelicera, posterior. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C); 0.1 mm (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201106">2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="F8C1A76153F0A59EFDF7BDAF1FD9EEE1" captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="F47" captionText="Figure 47. Distributional records of Cheliceroides jinxini sp. nov., Dendroicius qiong sp. nov., Icius deergong sp. nov., I. yarlungzangbo sp. nov., Mintonia shiwandashan sp. nov., Okinawicius nepalicus (Andreeva, Hęciak &amp; Prószyński, 1984), Pancorius medog sp. nov., Piranthus maddisoni sp. nov., Stertinius lhoba sp. nov., Synagelides kongmingi sp. nov., S. yunchangi sp. nov., S. xuandei sp. nov., Yaginumaella daweishan sp. nov., Y. moinba sp. nov., and Y. pingbian sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201156">47</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EVIAE" type="type material">
<paragraph id="80C2DB62853550A99EA6B9382A391770">
<heading id="38424B3B21C038987B99B9248D03459B" reason="title">Type material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B900A95AC33AD4D875208B3130A9EA07">
<materialsCitation id="6792748B9BB7F2CA3636B85848A15D85" collectingDate="2023-07-01" collectionCode="TRU" collectorName="J. X. Liu" country="China" county="Menghai County" elevation="2030" latitude="22.135" location="Bameng Village" longLatPrecision="92" longitude="100.526" specimenCode="JS 0729" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="7B0C3A33645B27319B70F6C077492D02" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="DF4E3F8FD7D1E79878F8F1E0F8272144" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="D4FB1877D55B49805C28801C8CF79D85" count="1" type="male"></specimenCount>
(
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EAJAE" xlink_title="Tongren University">
<collectionCode id="FBF00BA96E8593B39D6B548603002B0E" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">TRU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
-
<specimenCode id="8A2A3841462666ABA99770890A30F08D" collectionCode="TRU" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EEJAE" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0729
</specimenCode>
),
<collectingCountry id="C34185AC7E46A24179A30D8920F9D30B" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
: •
<collectingRegion id="2884091FB3301A8C8E99F7F564A36A0C" country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="8C7BE32FEB2D6350B5791A58560D4FCC">Menghai County</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="188B7817C5234344B26A9095ED1B1328" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:938E456654D559FAAB7E65E45A229BBD:188B7817C5234344B26A9095ED1B1328" country="China" county="Menghai County" latitude="22.135" longLatPrecision="92" longitude="100.526" name="Bameng Village" stateProvince="Yunnan">Bameng Village</location>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0ELJAE" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[100.526000,22.135000]}">
<geoCoordinate id="3E3D395AE0CE7828E377FBBAB7322888" degrees="22" direction="north" minutes="08.1" orientation="latitude" precision="92" value="22.135">22 ° 08.1 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="F8982DFC0DA1719590730A3DA9A67D4A" degrees="100" direction="east" minutes="31.56" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="100.526">100 ° 31.56 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
, ca
<quantity id="E8F156599561A8EBCF91DF63D4A729A8" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.03" unit="m" value="2030.0">
<elevation id="C987F15E897A0A0836C6B26459BC1391" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.03" unit="m" value="2030.0">2030 m</elevation>
</quantity>
),
<date id="7F2DFD663A0AA7A151CAC783D6D4D482" value="2023-07-01">
<collectingDate id="7A3345D152526F3154B25A6B4835447F" value="2023-07-01">1. VII. 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="AB5B14F8831AD4634C6D3D14DEE97A38">J. X. Liu</collectorName>
et al. leg.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EQJAE" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="942726897663248E63D413AEE28FC7F6">
<heading id="B34C654DC3E02E01A5ACAD4DCD3EB845" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E9387BCFCCD34AF755947554A45B1D9">The specific name is a patronym in honor of the collector; noun (name) in the genitive case.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EVJAE" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="E1E045D285B0A9AEF9DBEC557186C307">
<heading id="712B07A63FFE4259FD2190E7BD9DED6B" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C3E63726238CD9E7DFF9B70694ACB83C">
<taxonomicName id="2333BD29882A1D560C391ED5632185DE" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Cheliceroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jinxini" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B403BCE7BF370339C6AAC9A8BE96D5EA" italics="true">Cheliceroides jinxini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C2AF1F3E37876A644E3FC488E1446724" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
resembles
<taxonomicName id="B2A09C216909B9B732345CE6B22BD3BE" authorityName="Zabka" authorityYear="1985" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Cheliceroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longipalpis">
<emphasis id="A3BD8153B94966E771831ACABC483835" italics="true">C. longipalpis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in habitus and palpal structure, but can be distinguished by the following: 1) presence of a raised tegular portion (Fig.
<figureCitation id="542C34B6AC57FA2749B62F683CCFB412" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Male palp of Cheliceroides jinxini sp. nov., holotype A ventral B retrolateral. Abbreviations: E embolus; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201105">1 A, B</figureCitation>
) vs absent (Lin L. et al. 2024 a: figs 911, 16); 2) male palpal tibia ~ 1 / 5 of cymbial length (Fig.
<figureCitation id="58DC57FA7EF73D5A67F6A5DA6EC28093" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Male palp of Cheliceroides jinxini sp. nov., holotype A ventral B retrolateral. Abbreviations: E embolus; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201105">1 A, B</figureCitation>
) vs approx. as long as cymbium (
<bibRefCitation id="388B0778C846B3FD89A35DBD4C23FAC7" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1196.117921" author="Lin L &amp; Yang ZY &amp; Zhang JX" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="243-253" refId="B12" refString="Lin L, Yang ZY, Zhang JX (2024 a) Revalidation of the jumping spider genus Cheliceroides Żabka, 1985 based on molecular and morphological data (Araneae, Salticidae). ZooKeys 1196: 243253. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1196.117921" title="Revalidation of the jumping spider genus Cheliceroides Żabka, 1985 based on molecular and morphological data (Araneae, Salticidae)." volume="1196">Lin et al. 2024 a</bibRefCitation>
: figs 911, 16); 3) embolus (E) originating at ca 4 oclock position (Fig.
<figureCitation id="98ED9F14D156A469592F6711D2554A9D" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Male palp of Cheliceroides jinxini sp. nov., holotype A ventral B retrolateral. Abbreviations: E embolus; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201105">1 A, B</figureCitation>
) vs ca 2 oclock position (
<bibRefCitation id="993006B0889A59E2F0621C99B013E442" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1196.117921" author="Lin L &amp; Yang ZY &amp; Zhang JX" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="243-253" refId="B12" refString="Lin L, Yang ZY, Zhang JX (2024 a) Revalidation of the jumping spider genus Cheliceroides Żabka, 1985 based on molecular and morphological data (Araneae, Salticidae). ZooKeys 1196: 243253. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1196.117921" title="Revalidation of the jumping spider genus Cheliceroides Żabka, 1985 based on molecular and morphological data (Araneae, Salticidae)." volume="1196">Lin et al. 2024 a</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 10); and 4) chelicerae unmodified, and presence of one retromarginal tooth (Fig.
<figureCitation id="3FEC816D7F7BE663695CDD18B45F6FE8" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Cheliceroides jinxini sp. nov., holotype A habitus, dorsal B ditto, ventral C carapace, frontal D chelicera, posterior. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C); 0.1 mm (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201106">2 D</figureCitation>
) vs modified, and two retromarginal teeth (
<bibRefCitation id="47B88F898F80EAD08C3640A2066C8C29" DOI="10.13156/arac.2021.18.9.1021" author="Logunov" firstAuthor="Logunov" issue="9" journalOrPublisher="Arachnology" pagination="1021-1055" refId="B14" refString="Logunov DV (2021) Jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae) of the Na Hang Nature Reserve, Tuyen Quang Province, Vietnam. Arachnology 18 (9): 10211055. https://doi.org/10.13156/arac.2021.18.9.1021" title="Jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae) of the Na Hang Nature Reserve, Tuyen Quang Province, Vietnam." volume="18" year="2021">Logunov 2021</bibRefCitation>
: figs 2, 4).
</paragraph>
<caption id="CDC874B5781CE5C355B813BC5DCD0D04" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure1" ID-arpha="0D877CFC-0A30-5089-A830-35D3B1C30A9D" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201105" startId="F1">
<paragraph id="BFC43C6877BC0550DE21502927AA4DE6">
<label id="9FE70CB5EAE7DC7AC6FDC911BEA1872C">Figure 1.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7FBEF9A143773B7C221B164469687F6D">
Male palp of
<taxonomicName id="E608811F1BB858C17E947ABBDBE27191" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Cheliceroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jinxini" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="8693FB572106B1C7CD8338E24CE1F7AB" italics="true">Cheliceroides jinxini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="00BC2D24454447261875BC4B8E6D6464" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype
<emphasis id="65A22506CDDBFFB2E592206DA7C228CA" bold="true">A</emphasis>
ventral
<emphasis id="BC3C2E3850A7786EB44DFCE771EA2FE4" bold="true">B</emphasis>
retrolateral. Abbreviations: E embolus;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EEMAE" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">RTA</abbrev>
retrolateral tibial apophysis;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EIMAE" xlink_title="sperm duct">SD</abbrev>
sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="45C3C60668D92C8CFBBC1AF1090CEC16" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure2" ID-arpha="41AF0384-1F20-5F5A-BB9C-0F8A947989CC" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201106" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="422E555EA959A8BD991FF7C36F02B08F">
<label id="E160A02388A0C1F2B91CF695926294F7">Figure 2.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="39BA3621D711C199A426AB9F08F82D1F">
<taxonomicName id="EE85E00EAA786A1A68038FE67FAF77B7" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Cheliceroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jinxini" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="EDC89EA501990ED598408B3F4B34DF5E" italics="true">Cheliceroides jinxini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F337695BDA655260A30D144E9A1056A1" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype
<emphasis id="7E3F196BFD3899CC3397107A13F10D41" bold="true">A</emphasis>
habitus, dorsal
<emphasis id="973289DE848974978D6B5B5814C1F4A1" bold="true">B</emphasis>
ditto, ventral
<emphasis id="49A65A8B74F13D5CBAC11DF63C644036" bold="true">C</emphasis>
carapace, frontal
<emphasis id="5D637865E8402720D8C32C475545245B" bold="true">D</emphasis>
chelicera, posterior. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (
<emphasis id="8DB6809C5444A1D5190C1645A0EE7B99" bold="true">A, B</emphasis>
); 0.5 mm (
<emphasis id="48A939DEE1257F727692BFFD7D531291" bold="true">C</emphasis>
); 0.1 mm (
<emphasis id="EB0772322CBF613102A2BAFDACB657A4" bold="true">D</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EXNAE" type="description">
<paragraph id="6E61CDC4A3F2B2973DA781760289343B">
<heading id="D194FF5DB6FF284A6343A0A612939655" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CD651646A0162B67BB6C4C4A92EFFFB2">
<emphasis id="84B139DD21FB72F25D1E084D5022F592" bold="true">Male</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation id="3A3AE63EFED4710C05C92353BAEC7E67" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Male palp of Cheliceroides jinxini sp. nov., holotype A ventral B retrolateral. Abbreviations: E embolus; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201105">1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="84996BC8110B5F66945DC8844C57642A" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Cheliceroides jinxini sp. nov., holotype A habitus, dorsal B ditto, ventral C carapace, frontal D chelicera, posterior. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (A, B); 0.5 mm (C); 0.1 mm (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201106">2</figureCitation>
). Total length 5.40. Carapace 2.60 long, 2.04 wide. Abdomen 2.68 long, 1.64 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EHOAE" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.64,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ELOAE" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.36,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EPOAE" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.30,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ETOAE" xlink_title="anterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="E49DE3A54B09E74AA9151F7862309F5E">AERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.96,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EXOAE" xlink_title="posterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="E519F5C629E310FDBF4375670CFCA182">PERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.80,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E2OAE" xlink_title="eye field length">EFL</abbrev>
1.24. Legs: I 5.99 (1.75, 1.08, 1.45, 1.08, 0.63), II 5.12 (1.58, 0.95, 1.18, 0.88, 0.53), III 5.67 (1.83, 0.88, 1.20, 1.13, 0.63), IV 5.89 (1.83, 0.80, 1.28, 1.35, 0.63). Carapace dark except anterior half of thoracic part red-brown, covered with dense dark and white setae, with clusters of bilateral, dense white scales. Chelicerae red-brown, with two promarginal teeth and one retromarginal tooth. Legs overall yellow except femora I dark brown, patellae, tibiae, and metatarsi I yellow-brown, spiny. Dorsum of abdomen yellow laterally, with anterior, transverse, arc-shaped setal stripes, and central, longitudinal, dark patch; venter pale brown, with dark spots.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E1652AA35174352CD082A971D8F71C8">
<emphasis id="2566EFB8893AAB7AF8A3AAF69FB1E277" bold="true" italics="true">Palp</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="0A4030D5665F91B3A9C4975D94D34AE1" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Male palp of Cheliceroides jinxini sp. nov., holotype A ventral B retrolateral. Abbreviations: E embolus; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201105">1 A, B</figureCitation>
): femur length / width ratio ca 3.32; patella slightly wider than long; tibia short, ~ 2 × wider than long in ventral view; retrolateral tibial apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EKPAE" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="639EEB246D24F8BA7471155496835B71">RTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) broadened into sub-quadrangular portion at base, then tapered to blunt end slightly curved inward; cymbium flat, ~ 1.5 × longer than wide in ventral view; tegulum almost round, with swollen retrolateral portion; embolus (E) long, arising at ca 4 oclock position, extending circularly (ca 340 °) along tegulum before strongly curving 180 °, then antero-prolaterally extending into acutely pointed tip at apex of cymbium.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FD42F822AA308DE50F0C45FB3D0678CA">
<emphasis id="8F3799D0E2364B12758B44B13619ACDF" bold="true">Female</emphasis>
. Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ESPAE" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="F3BF3151D57969C1B2FE5B4FD3A31FDB">
<heading id="35B0457966175B60D5310448BC9EFD13" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C5C36F373E8608904197BF896E91A973">
Known only from the
<typeStatus id="2539D62C43AB8D6CADA1F4ECDC976D34">type</typeStatus>
locality in
<collectingRegion id="0D3539963DA4A257898C9782917B10C5" country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="A92277CC99835DEF7FBE3123C8614E5E" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="B16C4C0885A705E689778B2557451A6D" captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="F47" captionText="Figure 47. Distributional records of Cheliceroides jinxini sp. nov., Dendroicius qiong sp. nov., Icius deergong sp. nov., I. yarlungzangbo sp. nov., Mintonia shiwandashan sp. nov., Okinawicius nepalicus (Andreeva, Hęciak &amp; Prószyński, 1984), Pancorius medog sp. nov., Piranthus maddisoni sp. nov., Stertinius lhoba sp. nov., Synagelides kongmingi sp. nov., S. yunchangi sp. nov., S. xuandei sp. nov., Yaginumaella daweishan sp. nov., Y. moinba sp. nov., and Y. pingbian sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201156">47</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E3PAE" type="comments">
<paragraph id="D81CEFFF1D5DBBD48A7FC478D4F75B2A">
<heading id="9634116B9DD812FDC08B949E3A9834DC" reason="title">Comments.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BF2D12A8D2E74F7CA694073D762A65CD">
The new species is considered a member of the genus because it shares a series of characters with
<taxonomicName id="53B39CF2B655F838B0012F47FA9B94A3" authorityName="Zabka" authorityYear="1985" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Cheliceroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longipalpis">
<emphasis id="ECAE72583BE35DDED200333D9E172A1C" italics="true">C. longipalpis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, such as the similar habitus, pattern, and long and whip-like embolus. However it is also obviously different from the latter by the unmodified chelicerae with one retromarginal tooth (vs modified, elongated chelicerae with two retromarginal teeth;
<bibRefCitation id="32B03F1C80F612ED4CABCA2D2C159259" DOI="10.13156/arac.2021.18.9.1021" author="Logunov" firstAuthor="Logunov" issue="9" journalOrPublisher="Arachnology" pagination="1021-1055" refId="B14" refString="Logunov DV (2021) Jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae) of the Na Hang Nature Reserve, Tuyen Quang Province, Vietnam. Arachnology 18 (9): 10211055. https://doi.org/10.13156/arac.2021.18.9.1021" title="Jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae) of the Na Hang Nature Reserve, Tuyen Quang Province, Vietnam." volume="18" year="2021">Logunov 2021</bibRefCitation>
: figs 3, 9), the C-shaped sperm duct (vs S-shaped;
<bibRefCitation id="C14AC123AF8F683D9602C97287C58D7C" DOI="10.13156/arac.2021.18.9.1021" author="Logunov" firstAuthor="Logunov" issue="9" journalOrPublisher="Arachnology" pagination="1021-1055" refId="B14" refString="Logunov DV (2021) Jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae) of the Na Hang Nature Reserve, Tuyen Quang Province, Vietnam. Arachnology 18 (9): 10211055. https://doi.org/10.13156/arac.2021.18.9.1021" title="Jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae) of the Na Hang Nature Reserve, Tuyen Quang Province, Vietnam." volume="18" year="2021">Logunov 2021</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 5), and only the cymbium bears dense white setae (vs all segments except coxae and femora are densely covered with white setae;
<bibRefCitation id="D801AAEEE1CC831B5C64896DBE323562" DOI="10.13156/arac.2021.18.9.1021" author="Logunov" firstAuthor="Logunov" issue="9" journalOrPublisher="Arachnology" pagination="1021-1055" refId="B14" refString="Logunov DV (2021) Jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae) of the Na Hang Nature Reserve, Tuyen Quang Province, Vietnam. Arachnology 18 (9): 10211055. https://doi.org/10.13156/arac.2021.18.9.1021" title="Jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae) of the Na Hang Nature Reserve, Tuyen Quang Province, Vietnam." volume="18" year="2021">Logunov 2021</bibRefCitation>
: figs 2, 4). Therefore, the generic position of this species remains uncertain. Discovering its unknown female and obtaining enough molecular evidence could be helpful in confirming this issue.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
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<mods:title id="C7D24E33A357BA4C753FAFF1CB1729AE">Taxonomic notes of jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae) from Guangxi, Hainan, Sichuan, Xizang and Yunnan, China</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="BD008626BFDE85BD100A7DB49C7BFA7D" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="A0918DC356BC8EDBF3950E85DBDE58DB">
<heading id="3E93A9A6573FF84465FF94652B16653B" reason="label">Genus</heading>
<taxonomicName id="B8C2441D3BA4544D35EA663958BE9911" ID-CoL="63TSH" authority="Strand, 1906" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1906" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Synagelides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="D6E4EE7E68F0F3E6C8BF417FB60581F6" italics="true">Synagelides</emphasis>
Strand, 1906
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EI5AK" type="type species">
<paragraph id="FA2B05A14D087F5CB513E80D6C43F78B">
<heading id="58357DB2F8AB7233A42FCA765A33C846" reason="title">
<typeStatus id="8CD1D2BC4124B5BAEBC2B70131BA48DB">Type</typeStatus>
species.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A4D053EC02A169EAF80D68E8C993368A">
<taxonomicName id="7026AABD6C1A803E1779675A3EFDE2E2" authority="Strand, 1906" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1906" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Synagelides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="agoriformis">
<emphasis id="A408F9881A23D9B41063852EC60C2696" italics="true">Synagelides agoriformis</emphasis>
Strand, 1906
</taxonomicName>
;
<typeStatus id="342D2934072390B8B1FCFE98407E334E">type</typeStatus>
locality
<collectingCountry id="7C13E69B132CDE806C1100951B27948A" name="Japan">Japan</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EZ5AK" type="comments">
<paragraph id="F9AEE7610FD567C8BFD5468BDF5F5766">
<heading id="476953B6352194638616F6EED80FA935" reason="title">Comments.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5455F7AC7CDBE940D0E2E71EFA126553">
<taxonomicName id="7EC3A62CECAA8E3F5D69B1CF806B1C4C" authorityName="Strand" authorityYear="1906" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Synagelides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="A7FE4A2B24988026414C0B8B931A9649" italics="true">Synagelides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is placed in the tribe
<taxonomicName id="A6F8D4407EF6A6120BDF6DC8B242469F" authority="Simon, 1901" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1901" rank="tribe" tribe="Agoriini">Agoriini Simon, 1901</taxonomicName>
(
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). To date, 78 nominal species have been described from east to southeast Asia, of which more than 60 % are recorded from
<collectingCountry id="738468CFF2BA4E2F856C8FEA657985A4" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
(
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). The genus is relatively well studied because all its species are known from diagnostic drawings. However,&gt; 41 % of its species are only known from a single sex. The species described below are consistent in having hollowed fovea, two promarginal teeth and one retromarginal tooth on chelicerae, sub-triangular prolateral femoral apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EP6AK" xlink_title="prolateral femoral apophysis">
<collectionCode id="D1D98BFD5D51B3CD20CD87D7B296270F">PFA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
), enlarged male palpal patella with a disto-prolateral bump (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ET6AK" xlink_title="patellar bump of male palp">
<collectionCode id="45FC9BB62867B7BBC2094A4B6F5BEB8D">PB</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
), and short male palpal tibia with a flat and broad ventral process (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EX6AK" xlink_title="ventral tibial process">
<collectionCode id="AA3D383C6E2F19CBA2544DA2F168F5A4">VTP</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,108 @@
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<paragraph id="AEBD55A1E7E41FA871EAE4AF03903DB2">
<heading id="B8B38CF92C4B5D0032C42386BE280997" reason="label">Genus</heading>
<taxonomicName id="EBDEC6A175D535904601E184C8672D86" ID-CoL="62WHQ" authority="Simon, 1876" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1876" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Icius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="3B7C749ADA7956E2D0BAF71E1DC1951E" italics="true">Icius</emphasis>
Simon, 1876
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<subSubSection id="SECID0ERBAG" type="type species">
<paragraph id="25836B14B7FFD37D03610290DE6BC81D">
<heading id="1585F62DDEA237BAEDDE927BD9CE5833" reason="title">
<typeStatus id="A6BD734FC0B218D42EBD40ACA67E7389">Type</typeStatus>
species.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="18EFB68DAAFFFDC7F791EA884DCEBC97">
<taxonomicName id="8EC068FD7F87E2473C8D1C5A1523EEC3" authority="C. L. Koch, 1846" authorityName="C. L. Koch" authorityYear="1846" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Marpissa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hamata">
<emphasis id="9DD542100A47082BD83A45E3F85D27CF" italics="true">Marpissa hamata</emphasis>
C. L. Koch, 1846
</taxonomicName>
;
<typeStatus id="B27E504717E4BA879CE668D4B6093B78">type</typeStatus>
locality Naples,
<collectingCountry id="EA00A0F0FF1A75FC2B2C89C6C7C8CDC0" name="Italy">Italy</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="SECID0ECCAG" type="comments">
<paragraph id="21D062ECE5431B904A53C8342260C859">
<heading id="A9058803341CAFC8B9765ABD00519814" reason="title">Comments.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E6F261781ACEFB6D74B52A5619F31BF">
<taxonomicName id="9D9566AC0EAEC907A76C61B4F61E5AAB" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1876" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Icius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="66D6D9B9C983E34CB4894FE584B5CA01" italics="true">Icius</emphasis>
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, one of the most species-rich genera of Chrysillini, comprises 47 species widely distributed in five continents (
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;
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). The genus has not been revised recently, and 20 of its species are known only from a single sex (
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). The species are rather diverse in habitus and copulatory organs, especially the south and east Asian and African members, indicating that it is likely polyphyletic.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="4FDC804A6A000763F17BFC05225D2E24" italics="true">Synagelides yidei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CCFCE3E71816AFF4E40915A0DEDD18F5" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="24981DF69F6E7233B67CB8B805D28012">
<figureCitation id="D04DE51132D3A26989D281C283051D03" captionStart="Figure 35" captionStartId="F35" captionText="Figure 35. Male palp of Synagelides yidei sp. nov. A D holotype and E paratype (TRU - JS 0793) A prolateral B retrolateral C ventral D dorsal E embolus and median apophysis, retrolateral. Abbreviations: CF cymbial flange; CR prolateral cymbial ridge; DCA dorsal cymbial apophysis; DTA dorsal tibial apophysis; E embolus; MA median apophysis; MTP membranous tegular peak; PB patellar bump of male palp; PCA prolateral cymbial apophysis; PFA prolateral femoral apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; VTP ventral tibial process. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure35" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201142">Figs 35</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="48C7B74C5C09D91D18B6E3B4BB169142" captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="F36" captionText="Figure 36. Synagelides yidei sp. nov., holotype A habitus, dorsal B ditto, ventral C carapace, frontal D chelicera, posterior. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A C); 0.1 mm (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201144">36</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="6AEE28FA872407EC16B61AA1FA1B0E25" captionStart="Figure 48" captionStartId="F48" captionText="Figure 48. Distributional records of Irura qiuhangi sp. nov., Myrmarachne kuan sp. nov., Nandicius xiefengi sp. nov., Padillothorax exilis (Cao &amp; Li, 2016), Pancorius yingjiang sp. nov., Siler hanoicus Prószyński, 1985, Simaetha hainan sp. nov., Synagelides yidei sp. nov., and S. zilongi sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201157">48</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EBACK" type="type material">
<paragraph id="0112BCE46B6FE848C0E244F88318BD6D">
<heading id="48974E47FCCBD6597B31DC427D0DCCD5" reason="title">Type material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C9A216F088A339EAE8CF59604DF9A54C">
<materialsCitation id="8FC48CC9A867C0D84F10268BBD47D68C" collectingDate="2021-11-08" collectionCode="TRU" collectorName="A. L. He" country="China" county="Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County" elevation="1310" latitude="24.167833" location="Laibing City" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="110.24133" municipality="Autonomous Region" specimenCode="JS 0792" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Guangxi" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="9A282FF4941CF94C0EFD66D1059266E8" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="1B7DB64A605FF2159351FB2D76E13990" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="23913244ABCC53ABBD64CD2FE0A48556" count="1" type="male"></specimenCount>
(
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMACK" xlink_title="Tongren University">
<collectionCode id="36C722461C24CDB6613B8A2D6128EBB2" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">TRU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
-
<specimenCode id="D12307B1C4490E105DDB9D81C1BA48FF" collectionCode="TRU" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQACK" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0792
</specimenCode>
),
<collectingCountry id="00C1238FF45E76EC054550B752633488" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
: •
<collectingRegion id="07940A255387505E3F336EC0209908C2" country="China" name="Guangxi">Guangxi Zhuang</collectingRegion>
<collectingMunicipality id="BA1C93C93376DE916F0645C177B6D8AE">Autonomous Region</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="82D5E64EDF0D45343D1D37B0F69E5F92" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A60B6CC15E1755CE9306C5692CE5D6BA:82D5E64EDF0D45343D1D37B0F69E5F92" country="China" county="Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County" latitude="24.167833" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="110.24133" municipality="Autonomous Region" name="Laibing City" stateProvince="Guangxi">Laibing City</location>
,
<collectingCounty id="E317B33561453CA627C59EF7B38ECCE8">Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="2585A04D4B39D582A5A3981BEF3C2E5E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A60B6CC15E1755CE9306C5692CE5D6BA:2585A04D4B39D582A5A3981BEF3C2E5E" country="China" county="Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County" latitude="24.167833" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="110.24133" municipality="Autonomous Region" name="Yinshan Park" stateProvince="Guangxi">Yinshan Park</location>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EXACK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[110.241333,24.167833]}">
<geoCoordinate id="32125FD96E98272BD8DDFE51108F06F6" degrees="24" direction="north" minutes="10.07" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="24.167833">24 ° 10.07 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="B51F99F994FAE7AC7443739FDE6A748E" degrees="110" direction="east" minutes="14.48" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="110.24133">110 ° 14.48 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
, ca
<quantity id="AE86793AC42EE3AE2D873520966F59AD" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.31" unit="m" value="1310.0">
<elevation id="C95B8BBDBD92F8D42F86C6D9EE7763A0" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.31" unit="m" value="1310.0">1310 m</elevation>
</quantity>
),
<date id="F5345C06606649F18FEB35C0C3B25E0E" value="2021-11-08">
<collectingDate id="95AB5BCE3A60BC1C6C2897AC6E96A0FA" value="2021-11-08">8. XI. 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="4B104E738B75BDB04BB073ADFDE19FB9">A. L. He</collectorName>
et al. leg
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="F009CCA214EA9F183009FBF6B781D910" collectingDate="2021-11-08" collectionCode="TRU" collectorName="A. L. He" country="China" county="Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County" elevation="1310" latitude="24.167833" location="Laibing City" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="110.24133" municipality="Autonomous Region" specimenCode="JS 0793" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Guangxi" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="F269A04E921126DA8520B7FADA1A7B48" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="E95800E8C156ABE0B8040EA37E75FD20" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="0714F2A546D9BE1F6B9E663E8825C48B" count="1" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
(
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E6ACK" xlink_title="Tongren University">
<collectionCode id="32272366D8F53F464B216A6D875D0673" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">TRU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
-
<specimenCode id="0147A77C731764827F7FAEE09E4D2381" collectionCode="TRU" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EDBCK" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0793
</specimenCode>
), same data as for holotype
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="0CAD6C8C27BF197014BD0C24332704D1" collectingDate="2021-10-11" collectionCode="TRU" collectorName="A. L. He" country="China" elevation="1520" latitude="23.9675" location="Shengtangshan Scenic Area" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="110.10883" specimenCode="JS 0794" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Guangxi" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="4313CE3DF8661E0A133AE62F9375086D" count="1" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
(
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EHBCK" xlink_title="Tongren University">
<collectionCode id="DACC283B3CD439D3B2CFBE99195358BE" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">TRU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
-
<specimenCode id="0AFE2ACDAFFB64F2531EB574060B6DF3" collectionCode="TRU" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ELBCK" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0794
</specimenCode>
),
<location id="0147A54F6EBD35F3333ED8965651023B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A60B6CC15E1755CE9306C5692CE5D6BA:0147A54F6EBD35F3333ED8965651023B" country="China" latitude="23.9675" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="110.10883" name="Shengtangshan Scenic Area" stateProvince="Guangxi">Shengtangshan Scenic Area</location>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0ESBCK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[110.108833,23.967500]}">
<geoCoordinate id="743A6A1639B36D666B5DAD38BE505D2B" degrees="23" direction="north" minutes="58.05" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="23.9675">23 ° 58.05 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="3E3EED070ECE51182B3212F94F12FCDF" degrees="110" direction="east" minutes="6.53" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="110.10883">110 ° 6.53 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
, ca
<quantity id="A99859CEB3414F0CB122D75981B8C47B" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.52" unit="m" value="1520.0">
<elevation id="092024061B8E768A52DCE472E933CD71" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.52" unit="m" value="1520.0">1520 m</elevation>
</quantity>
),
<date id="AEA9F6681E8699A98A02BDC0582FADAB" value="2021-10-11">
<collectingDate id="D6556F8F8008DBC8F2E539F87A6A7343" value="2021-10-11">11. X. 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="F14681F10E56601F911EB8588D3DDE3C">A. L. He</collectorName>
et al. leg
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EXBCK" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="C2BFE0A91BD7E36D618AB7D2EDBC67DF">
<heading id="7D83072EFC99BB0DDB87CB45F19EB453" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="960D0577F8F288599051E066B98FC27A">
The specific name is after Mr. Zhang Yide, who is one of the famous Shu Generals in the Three Kingdoms of ancient
<collectingCountry id="6CB30C66394B3A310BC35403AD3D8861" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
; noun (name) in the genitive case.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E3BCK" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="0CB63669660A797949D94B6057AC2437">
<heading id="055ED02F7216F094972B5F26E514ADDC" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="01DF97C6C8EA7BF1F09F8C459A3FF851">
<taxonomicName id="948FFDF68BDE9531A9F969AB8F7CD1A9" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Synagelides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yidei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C9F471E2ED2E4B8B2CEE3F4053F2A788" italics="true">Synagelides yidei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="C475271BCC1A60038C82EBC0F730237D" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
can be easily distinguished from other known male congeners by the bifurcated dorsal tibial apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENCCK" xlink_title="dorsal tibial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="96AC10B422FEC6C54A8EA89FC0FF80DA">DTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) (Fig.
<figureCitation id="E85F7592810794203F9597C8299E4C55" captionStart="Figure 35" captionStartId="F35" captionText="Figure 35. Male palp of Synagelides yidei sp. nov. A D holotype and E paratype (TRU - JS 0793) A prolateral B retrolateral C ventral D dorsal E embolus and median apophysis, retrolateral. Abbreviations: CF cymbial flange; CR prolateral cymbial ridge; DCA dorsal cymbial apophysis; DTA dorsal tibial apophysis; E embolus; MA median apophysis; MTP membranous tegular peak; PB patellar bump of male palp; PCA prolateral cymbial apophysis; PFA prolateral femoral apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; VTP ventral tibial process. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure35" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201142">35 B D</figureCitation>
) vs absent or not bifurcated in congeners (see
<bibRefCitation id="7A9B766E7BF0E1AFDF28BF1D64C73CEB" author="Metzner" firstAuthor="Metzner" refId="B21" refString="Metzner H (2024) Jumping spiders (Arachnida: Araneae: Salticidae) of the world. [Accessed 10 Jul. 2024] https://www.jumping-spiders.com" url="https://www.jumping-spiders.com" year="2024">Metzner 2024</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EZCCK" type="description">
<paragraph id="F2BC67C227DC2D2E87A6159074256D45">
<heading id="18ED6C39943AF50FB9ED153124EB3CDD" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9EF5A41DEDDA8954098ED3D245CE896B">
<emphasis id="430F4AA690DDADCA6E1DA5675D257A47" bold="true">Male</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation id="0F8DD92967AE38C29AA142A88E5836F3" captionStart="Figure 35" captionStartId="F35" captionText="Figure 35. Male palp of Synagelides yidei sp. nov. A D holotype and E paratype (TRU - JS 0793) A prolateral B retrolateral C ventral D dorsal E embolus and median apophysis, retrolateral. Abbreviations: CF cymbial flange; CR prolateral cymbial ridge; DCA dorsal cymbial apophysis; DTA dorsal tibial apophysis; E embolus; MA median apophysis; MTP membranous tegular peak; PB patellar bump of male palp; PCA prolateral cymbial apophysis; PFA prolateral femoral apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; VTP ventral tibial process. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure35" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201142">35</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2B991ECE5C429636634479B72BED74BB" captionStart="Figure 36" captionStartId="F36" captionText="Figure 36. Synagelides yidei sp. nov., holotype A habitus, dorsal B ditto, ventral C carapace, frontal D chelicera, posterior. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (A C); 0.1 mm (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure36" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201144">36</figureCitation>
). Total length 3.93. Carapace 1.76 long, 1.34 wide. Abdomen 2.23 long, 0.95 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJDCK" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.42,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENDCK" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.23,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERDCK" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.21,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVDCK" xlink_title="anterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="7E22510789EE3DCC8D1B839464074F5F">AERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.18,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZDCK" xlink_title="posterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="7E4795642311A1B1D857E71AD84535C8">PERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.30,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4DCK" xlink_title="eye field length">EFL</abbrev>
0.97. Legs: I 7.13 (2.25, 2.05, 1.63, 0.75, 0.45), II 3.51 (1.03, 0.55, 0.88, 0.70, 0.35), III 3.57 (0.98, 0.53, 0.88, 0.83, 0.35), IV 4.79 (1.28, 0.70, 1.30, 1.13, 0.38). Carapace mainly yellow, with pair of indistinct dark patches anteriorly on square cephalon. Legs slender, bear four and two pairs of ventral spines on tibiae and metatarsi I. Abdomen slightly constricted medially, dorsum dark brown posteriorly, with two pairs of median, yellow muscle depressions; venter pale, with pair of central, dotted lines.
</paragraph>
<caption id="53F6A221C0A7B7D2E84D49F0049937FA" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure35" ID-arpha="6513AFF2-7658-5618-8081-84048A1B0319" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201142" startId="F35">
<paragraph id="69AF0E2867FABC0557125B21C1A6D1AA">
<label id="FD918E617D07F62C288072F6EE3D96CE">Figure 35.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="68DAE2999F697BE1D758D2C2CF113839">
Male palp of
<taxonomicName id="493C5903BAF4BA3313DD8C63FDEB2EA5" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Synagelides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yidei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="32040F867278E316D84B6176847783AF" italics="true">Synagelides yidei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="77DCF8C4C587D34CE04FE3A3CA6134B3" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="4692EBAE05C10282AF92BDBC2CD70A1B" bold="true">A D</emphasis>
holotype and
<emphasis id="AC241B7380DC73FAC592166119B9E4ED" bold="true">E</emphasis>
paratype (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYECK" xlink_title="Tongren University">TRU</abbrev>
-
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3ECK" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0793)
<emphasis id="AC86F6DE1CAB595E521F7631D07DAA22" bold="true">A</emphasis>
prolateral
<emphasis id="E957142C6EE2B41415857D8EEFB9619B" bold="true">B</emphasis>
retrolateral
<emphasis id="25C52E7616BF08131A955C1B1E10553F" bold="true">C</emphasis>
ventral
<emphasis id="A48976FED26D4E4D454940B11344D70E" bold="true">D</emphasis>
dorsal
<emphasis id="CA899B36FCECA3F532A0AC67396D2C4F" bold="true">E</emphasis>
embolus and median apophysis, retrolateral. Abbreviations:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EKFCK" xlink_title="cymbial flange">CF</abbrev>
cymbial flange;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EOFCK" xlink_title="prolateral cymibal ridged portion">CR</abbrev>
prolateral cymbial ridge;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ESFCK" xlink_title="dorsal cymbial apophysis">DCA</abbrev>
dorsal cymbial apophysis;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EWFCK" xlink_title="dorsal tibial apophysis">DTA</abbrev>
dorsal tibial apophysis; E embolus;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E1FCK" xlink_title="median apophysis">MA</abbrev>
median apophysis;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E5FCK" xlink_title="membranous tegular peak">MTP</abbrev>
membranous tegular peak;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ECGCK" xlink_title="patellar bump of male palp">PB</abbrev>
patellar bump of male palp;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EGGCK" xlink_title="prolateral cymbial apophysis">PCA</abbrev>
prolateral cymbial apophysis;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EKGCK" xlink_title="prolateral femoral apophysis">PFA</abbrev>
prolateral femoral apophysis;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EOGCK" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">RTA</abbrev>
retrolateral tibial apophysis;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ESGCK" xlink_title="ventral tibial process">VTP</abbrev>
ventral tibial process. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="55B16CF83667EA992CC475110E913C01" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure36" ID-arpha="A2A992C6-8043-5B73-B8E9-06646ADA0194" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201144" startId="F36">
<paragraph id="E979FCE2B7BD35F84C6485444739CF64">
<label id="FE000157A53FFCE59323C437852B1C73">Figure 36.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2815C586F4F279D298432FF676E5893F">
<taxonomicName id="1C0151458D7A265DC1BEFDC4E1EC6288" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Synagelides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="yidei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B4325CBC42E5A167F1CED4D57297D2DB" italics="true">Synagelides yidei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CEEBFFE1A55CA28E8B66E2411081F85E" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype
<emphasis id="13168199EE4D0D124B77B163000C8926" bold="true">A</emphasis>
habitus, dorsal
<emphasis id="435067A4B15D6FEE86DE15BBD9B4CF37" bold="true">B</emphasis>
ditto, ventral
<emphasis id="FE280D2715C59F23ED1D8C29B88C6767" bold="true">C</emphasis>
carapace, frontal
<emphasis id="33B7D08283888A948FDA7679BF39B736" bold="true">D</emphasis>
chelicera, posterior. Scale bars: 0.5 mm (
<emphasis id="CCDEA25017AAC2F383E256025E868BD1" bold="true">A C</emphasis>
); 0.1 mm (
<emphasis id="D14414FEF522B15533887F5FC3177885" bold="true">D</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="3E53FD5E32F6B3F75E96171F660477BB">
<emphasis id="10CDDA5D2003F3ECE26BCCCC846403C5" bold="true" italics="true">Palp</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="F5E7BA87070F64BDB012A009DE80EB0C" captionStart="Figure 35" captionStartId="F35" captionText="Figure 35. Male palp of Synagelides yidei sp. nov. A D holotype and E paratype (TRU - JS 0793) A prolateral B retrolateral C ventral D dorsal E embolus and median apophysis, retrolateral. Abbreviations: CF cymbial flange; CR prolateral cymbial ridge; DCA dorsal cymbial apophysis; DTA dorsal tibial apophysis; E embolus; MA median apophysis; MTP membranous tegular peak; PB patellar bump of male palp; PCA prolateral cymbial apophysis; PFA prolateral femoral apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; VTP ventral tibial process. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure35" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201142">35 A E</figureCitation>
): femur length / width ratio ca 1.68; patella ~ 1.5 × longer than wide in retrolateral view; dorsal tibial apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EKICK" xlink_title="dorsal tibial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="525C2751F90DF71A4FC4C7D64FC5AD37">DTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) bifurcated with two short, blunt rami; retrolateral tibial apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EOICK" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="B52AE48A2EB555C8E058C6C237F785AA">RTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) tapered, slender,&gt; 1 / 2 cymbial length, and pointed apically; cymbium with prolateral ridged portion (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ESICK" xlink_title="prolateral cymibal ridged portion">CR</abbrev>
), strongly sclerotized, blunt baso-dorsal apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EWICK" xlink_title="dorsal cymbial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="001EFBD9958BA08858E7645B7B6869ED">DCA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) and prolateral apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E1ICK" xlink_title="prolateral cymbial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="F8FF75C83194D93B54F4E5BA2E19708F">PCA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
); tegulum swollen; median apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E5ICK" xlink_title="median apophysis">MA</abbrev>
) irregular, retrolateral to embolus; embolus (E) forming disc at base, then twisted into blunt end.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="63D68939C9D1D3353707E73D34EC876C">
<emphasis id="08E3E0D9AD0C7A7995ACB47EBA6CDAA1" bold="true">Female.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EGJCK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="F2793FEDCCB55743CB82706757101639">
<heading id="102813DBAC452655DF774F071B41EE9B" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B893CE3F100018789382B6BFBDD425B4">
Known only from the
<typeStatus id="CAAE4D54E1349D43E78752A075533C2A">type</typeStatus>
locality in
<collectingRegion id="289B20D228322B437A754D9DA45C1246" country="China" name="Guangxi">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="29C7040D387149266736257A2DC3A82B" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="3FFF7415F3A639FB902DC33CD957C5CF" captionStart="Figure 48" captionStartId="F48" captionText="Figure 48. Distributional records of Irura qiuhangi sp. nov., Myrmarachne kuan sp. nov., Nandicius xiefengi sp. nov., Padillothorax exilis (Cao &amp; Li, 2016), Pancorius yingjiang sp. nov., Siler hanoicus Prószyński, 1985, Simaetha hainan sp. nov., Synagelides yidei sp. nov., and S. zilongi sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201157">48</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="C412599DE8B9C35FCC831BE6E0E89878">
<heading id="92619F2422E300DCD500404EC35BAC81" reason="label">Genus</heading>
<taxonomicName id="261776D023BC9B921CB605FBE2BEB2B8" ID-CoL="63BS7" authority="Wanless, 1984" authorityName="Wanless" authorityYear="1984" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Mintonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="BDA5124B7297765F0E45E46F4B72B29D" italics="true">Mintonia</emphasis>
Wanless, 1984
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<subSubSection id="SECID0ERPBG" type="type species">
<paragraph id="F9F2FAF54680CAE78FA5533A2F868494">
<heading id="5185E9DA6228BCED0090FB6ACCFD9424" reason="title">
<typeStatus id="0558A00BD8A6CDF8AB2752B5B5D323B8">Type</typeStatus>
species.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9CB48930A86C72490400A9C34A07A0D6">
<taxonomicName id="EE8BF59E06423694D99E1BD42E1C695A" authority="Wanless, 1984" authorityName="Wanless" authorityYear="1984" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Mintonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tauricornis">
<emphasis id="110770E631331CB2BD75B9535BBCCF6B" italics="true">Mintonia tauricornis</emphasis>
Wanless, 1984
</taxonomicName>
;
<typeStatus id="89CD3861B032AA8A1787BC6D942BA6FB">type</typeStatus>
locality
<collectingCountry id="FCAE468E0400C0FF774AD67A453C6D5E" name="Malaysia">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="BC504FC2DAAAFF6E35AB211ACAFD3845" name="Indonesia">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ECQBG" type="comments">
<paragraph id="EFD5B01ED3B6D4C9B9F170400F3199CB">
<heading id="093E20A768004D8815545AABD498D569" reason="title">Comments.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="62B650244522F990F3B7A35FF8A8AAC8">
This genus is placed in the subtribe
<taxonomicName id="DC8B0408A1ABD1BE4F87B5D8B63BA3E4" authority="Wanless, 1984" authorityName="Wanless" authorityYear="1984" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Spartaeina">Spartaeina Wanless, 1984</taxonomicName>
within the Spartaeini Wanless, 1984 (
<bibRefCitation id="C82FAEFD0687CCB7E4B36282EE81B0F5" DOI="10.1636/arac-43-03-231-292" author="Maddison" firstAuthor="Maddison" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of Arachnology" pagination="231-292" refId="B18" refString="Maddison WP (2015) A phylogenetic classification of jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae). The Journal of Arachnology 43 (3): 231292. https://doi.org/10.1636/arac-43-03-231-292" title="A phylogenetic classification of jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae)." volume="43" year="2015">Maddison 2015</bibRefCitation>
). To date, ten species have been described, and all are restricted to Southeast Asia (
<bibRefCitation id="7737B57CDEC9C0F315FBC0913AFACDA7" DOI="10.24436/2" refId="B35" refString="World Spider Catalog (2024) World Spider Catalog. Version 25.0. Natural History Museum Bern, http://wsc.nmbe.ch. [accessed on 3 Jul. 2024] https://doi.org/10.24436/2" url="http://wsc.nmbe.ch" year="2024">WSC 2024</bibRefCitation>
). A significant taxonomic study of the genus was done by
<bibRefCitation id="6D86C5953B0C8572122618E6B6FAD3F5" DOI="10.5962/bhl.part.15964" author="Wanless" firstAuthor="Wanless" journalOrPublisher=")" pagination="135-205" refId="B34" refString="Wanless (1984) A review of the spider subfamily Spartaeinae nom. n. (Araneae: Salticidae) with descriptions of six new genera. Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History (Zool.) 46: 135205. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.part.15964" title="A review of the spider subfamily Spartaeinae nom. n. (Araneae: Salticidae) with descriptions of six new genera. Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History (Zool." volume="46" year="1984">Wanless (1984</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="6838C8800545509C479D1FF1BFF28B7E" DOI="10.5962/p.18302" author="Wanless" firstAuthor="Wanless" journalOrPublisher=")" pagination="107-137" refId="B33" refString="Wanless FR (1987) Notes on spiders of the family Salticidae. 1. The genera Spartaeus, Mintonia and Taraxella. Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History (Zool.) 52: 107137. https://doi.org/10.5962/p.18302" title="Notes on spiders of the family Salticidae. 1. The genera Spartaeus, Mintonia and Taraxella. Bulletin of the British Museum of Natural History (Zool." volume="52" year="1987">1987</bibRefCitation>
), who described eight new species and first illustrated the transferred species,
<taxonomicName id="0D917E8601BDF3FDB43D4480E5E25AD0" authority="(Thorell, 1890)" baseAuthorityName="Thorell" baseAuthorityYear="1890" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Mintonia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ramipalpis">
<emphasis id="8532187DE2C21D0BAD9C019B4EBA6CB8" italics="true">Mintonia ramipalpis</emphasis>
(Thorell, 1890)
</taxonomicName>
. However, seven species described by him are only known from a single sex.
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<heading id="DD14A572C6D686A3B2F40E10DF8A48EE" reason="label">Genus</heading>
<taxonomicName id="5EB3B67A06D14984C5A23ABEEF401858" authority="Zabka, 1985" authorityName="Zabka" authorityYear="1985" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Cheliceroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="11D387AD76C5820A98E65320E4DE7719" italics="true">Cheliceroides</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="851C953AF1771DECF3BE26E01F515DD2" author="Żabka M" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici, Warszawa" pagination="197-485" refId="B41" refString="Zabka M (1985) Systematic and zoogeographic study on the family Salticidae (Araneae) from Vietnam. Annales Zoologici, Warszawa 39: 197 - 485." title="Systematic and zoogeographic study on the family Salticidae (Araneae) from Vietnam." volume="39" year="1985">Żabka, 1985</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ENFAE" type="type species">
<paragraph id="A719BCCFBC7FA8727863AA503AE31D95">
<heading id="DB1D3A71DD7BDBC36510EC2299562D98" reason="title">
<typeStatus id="38B920327A63C97BA0FAA19B49F34882">Type</typeStatus>
species.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="268E1881AD4D04B127A2316E4DC64559">
<taxonomicName id="5FF5CDF30F9B92D5DA99421441A44A2B" authority="Zabka, 1985" authorityName="Zabka" authorityYear="1985" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Cheliceroides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longipalpis">
<emphasis id="59FA135984C33DD62F2B46D1D2FF4CCC" italics="true">Cheliceroides longipalpis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="7519F51385DC2BB2AEA1DB067AA889DA" author="Żabka M" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici, Warszawa" pagination="197-485" refId="B41" refString="Zabka M (1985) Systematic and zoogeographic study on the family Salticidae (Araneae) from Vietnam. Annales Zoologici, Warszawa 39: 197 - 485." title="Systematic and zoogeographic study on the family Salticidae (Araneae) from Vietnam." volume="39" year="1985">Żabka, 1985</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<typeStatus id="22F02345E00D11CF9A07EC5F2DE32CE3">type</typeStatus>
locality Cuc Phuoug,
<collectingCountry id="622FD7EE209AE92AD63F4FA2D6F9AD32" name="Vietnam">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E5FAE" type="comments">
<paragraph id="E8CD0289983F186BB0B69C466D23B98E">
<heading id="A0154D55106348EAD6131BC8B8A2BF8D" reason="title">Comments.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B4FA11EFFA93004286BEC560D6A3762D">
This monotypic genus was considered a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="97C5ED703EBC433371BE89878CFDFB36" authority="Simon, 1902" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1902" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Colopsus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="37B45767290A460AE70726E87D1C8647" italics="true">Colopsus</emphasis>
Simon, 1902
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="EB6C0A3BDC0E3B2DF46028C428F08435" DOI="10.13156/arac.2021.18.9.1021" author="Logunov DV" firstAuthor="Logunov" issue="9" journalOrPublisher="Arachnology" pagination="1021-1055" refId="B14" refString="Logunov DV (2021) Jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae) of the Na Hang Nature Reserve, Tuyen Quang Province, Vietnam. Arachnology 18 (9): 10211055. https://doi.org/10.13156/arac.2021.18.9.1021" title="Jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae) of the Na Hang Nature Reserve, Tuyen Quang Province, Vietnam." volume="18" year="2021">Logunov (2021)</bibRefCitation>
but was recently revalidated by
<bibRefCitation id="7861B21A90A4FB6DE4F2C95463C1D896" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1196.117921" author="Lin L &amp; Yang ZY &amp; Zhang JX" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="243-253" refId="B12" refString="Lin L, Yang ZY, Zhang JX (2024 a) Revalidation of the jumping spider genus Cheliceroides Żabka, 1985 based on molecular and morphological data (Araneae, Salticidae). ZooKeys 1196: 243253. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1196.117921" title="Revalidation of the jumping spider genus Cheliceroides Żabka, 1985 based on molecular and morphological data (Araneae, Salticidae)." volume="1196">Lin et al. (2024 a</bibRefCitation>
). It is placed in the tribe
<taxonomicName id="1BED848FC85804BA3E7383BA42AFFB82" authority="Simon, 1903" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1903" rank="tribe" tribe="Hasariini">Hasariini Simon, 1903</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="22008F36EF9523E4A382AE7EB49E15A5" DOI="10.1636/arac-43-03-231-292" author="Maddison WP" firstAuthor="Maddison" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of Arachnology" pagination="231-292" refId="B18" refString="Maddison WP (2015) A phylogenetic classification of jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae). The Journal of Arachnology 43 (3): 231292. https://doi.org/10.1636/arac-43-03-231-292" title="A phylogenetic classification of jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae)." volume="43" year="2015">Maddison (2015)</bibRefCitation>
, but that has been confirmed as doubtful, and its phylogenetic placement remains uncertain (
<bibRefCitation id="71219E37AE93521169589D3D6CCBDAC7" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1196.117921" author="Lin L &amp; Yang ZY &amp; Zhang JX" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="243-253" refId="B12" refString="Lin L, Yang ZY, Zhang JX (2024 a) Revalidation of the jumping spider genus Cheliceroides Żabka, 1985 based on molecular and morphological data (Araneae, Salticidae). ZooKeys 1196: 243253. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1196.117921" title="Revalidation of the jumping spider genus Cheliceroides Żabka, 1985 based on molecular and morphological data (Araneae, Salticidae)." volume="1196">Lin et al. 2024 a</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -1,56 +1,59 @@
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The MRBAYES and BEAST produced similar topologies. Bayesian inference recovered almost all genera with posterior probabilities&gt;0.95 (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE3207FFCBFB90FDD07840570F" box="[1033,1089,528,552]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." pageId="4">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE3207FFCBFB90FDD07840570F" box="[1033,1089,528,552]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508849/files/figure.png" pageId="4">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). Most genera were monophyletic except the following: (i)
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@ -194,7 +197,7 @@ sister to
<taxonomicName id="F5DFB0F83204FFC8FDDAFDA57EF6575A" box="[579,759,613,637]" family="Cyprinodontidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Cyprinodontidae</taxonomicName>
. Confidence intervals for divergence estimates of family originations in our tree (nodes 14;
<tableCitation id="7F5DFEC03204FFC8FE45FD647E27579B" box="[476,550,676,700]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2. Divergence estimates with confidence intervals (CIs) for numbered chronogram nodes (Fig.3) that are evaluated in this study. Environmental events potentially associated with phylogenetic divergences (reciprocal illumination) are provided.Further description is provided in the main text, with references." pageId="7">Table 2</tableCitation>
<tableCitation id="7F5DFEC03204FFC8FE45FD647E27579B" box="[476,550,676,700]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2. Divergence estimates with confidence intervals (CIs) for numbered chronogram nodes (Fig.3) that are evaluated in this study. Environmental events potentially associated with phylogenetic divergences (reciprocal illumination) are provided.Further description is provided in the main text, with references." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/66A09BF33205FFC9FF18FF4F7E0E55F8" pageId="7" tableUuid="66A09BF33205FFC9FF18FF4F7E0E55F8">Table 2</tableCitation>
) overlapped broadly with confidence intervals for the same nodes in the study by
<bibRefCitation id="564EB68A3204FFC8FFE8FD237D7A57DC" author="Ghezelayagh A &amp; Harrington RC &amp; Burress ED" box="[113,379,739,763]" pageId="7" pagination="1211 - 20" refId="ref16688" refString="Ghezelayagh A, Harrington RC, Burress ED et al. Prolonged morphological expansion of spiny-rayed fishes following the end- Cretaceous. Nature Ecology &amp; Evolution 2022; 6: 1211 - 20. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / s 41559 - 022 - 01801 - 3" type="journal article" year="2022">
Ghezelayagh
@ -207,7 +210,7 @@ and
<taxonomicName id="F5DFB0F83204FFC8FE49FCC27E69563D" box="[464,616,770,794]" family="Profundulidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Profundulidae</taxonomicName>
), wherein our confidence intervals overlapped with theirs, but their range also extended into more recent time, with their point estimate of ~22 Mya being substantially younger than ours of ~30.0 Mya.
</paragraph>
<caption id="66A09BF33207FFCBFF18F88E7D53529C" pageId="4" startId="4.[129,194,1870,1894]" targetBox="[132,1470,1224,1839]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<caption id="66A09BF33207FFCBFF18F88E7D53529C" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508847" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14508847" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508847/files/figure.png" pageId="4" startId="4.[129,194,1870,1894]" targetBox="[132,1470,1224,1839]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="3260CB7B3207FFCBFF18F88E7D53529C" blockId="4.[129,1469,1870,1979]" pageId="4">
<emphasis id="00AB17693207FFCBFF18F88E7CD95240" bold="true" box="[129,216,1870,1895]" pageId="4">Figure 2.</emphasis>
Reconstruction of ancestral habitats for the North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae,
@ -221,7 +224,7 @@ Reconstruction of ancestral habitats for the North American killifish families C
. A, distribution of North American killifish families with respect to the boundary (red line) between the coastal plain and continental interior (uplands). B, pie charts at each node represent the probability of each character state: coast including coastal plain, upland, or both.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="66A09BF33206FFCAFFE8F8EB7E9A5294" pageId="5" startId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" targetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
<caption id="66A09BF33206FFCAFFE8F8EB7E9A5294" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508849" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14508849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508849/files/figure.png" pageId="5" startId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" targetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="3260CB7B3206FFCAFFE8F8EB7E9A5294" blockId="5.[113,1418,1835,1971]" pageId="5">
<emphasis id="00AB17693206FFCAFFE8F8EB7CC85264" bold="true" box="[113,201,1835,1859]" pageId="5">Figure 3.</emphasis>
Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae,
@ -235,7 +238,7 @@ Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American
recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species. Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="66A09BF33205FFC9FF18FF4F7E0E55F8" pageId="6" startId="6.[129,184,143,167]" targetBox="[129,1472,244,1905]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="6" targetType="table">
<caption id="66A09BF33205FFC9FF18FF4F7E0E55F8" ID-Table-UUID="66A09BF33205FFC9FF18FF4F7E0E55F8" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/66A09BF33205FFC9FF18FF4F7E0E55F8" pageId="6" startId="6.[129,184,143,167]" targetBox="[129,1472,244,1905]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="6" targetType="table">
<paragraph id="3260CB7B3205FFC9FF18FF4F7E0E55F8" blockId="6.[129,1412,142,223]" pageId="6">
<emphasis id="00AB17693205FFC9FF18FF4F7CCF5581" bold="true" box="[129,206,142,167]" pageId="6">Table 2.</emphasis>
Divergence estimates with confidence intervals (CIs) for numbered chronogram nodes (Fig. 3) that are evaluated in this study. Environmental events potentially associated with phylogenetic divergences (reciprocal illumination) are provided. Further description is provided in the main text, with references.
@ -505,7 +508,7 @@ Continued
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3260CB7B3204FFC8FFE8FC7E7D2751F6" blockId="7.[113,762,919,1233]" pageId="7">
The lineage-through-time plots (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE3204FFC8FE60FC7E7E4556F1" box="[505,580,958,982]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="8.[127,192,1459,1483]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,147,1429]" captionTargetId="figure-233@8.[129,1473,144,1432]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 4. A, BAMM phylorate plot showing speciation rates along each branch within the North American killifish families Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae. Cool colours represent slow rates; warm colours represent fast rates.BE, speciation rate over time is shown graphically for Fundulidae (B), Cyprinodontidae (C), Profundulidae (D), and Goodeidae (E). λ = mean diversification rate." pageId="7">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE3204FFC8FE60FC7E7E4556F1" box="[505,580,958,982]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="8.[127,192,1459,1483]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,147,1429]" captionTargetId="figure-233@8.[129,1473,144,1432]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 4. A, BAMM phylorate plot showing speciation rates along each branch within the North American killifish families Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae. Cool colours represent slow rates; warm colours represent fast rates.BE, speciation rate over time is shown graphically for Fundulidae (B), Cyprinodontidae (C), Profundulidae (D), and Goodeidae (E). λ = mean diversification rate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508853" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508853/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
) indicate that
<taxonomicName id="F5DFB0F83204FFC8FFE8FC1D7D2556D2" box="[113,292,989,1013]" family="Cyprinodontidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Cyprinodontidae</taxonomicName>
is the only family that experienced a diversification-rate shift, with acceleration initiating ~10.9 Mya and continuing to the present (λ = 0.23 mean; range = 0.14 0.38). The initial rate increase occurred when
@ -529,7 +532,7 @@ diverged from
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3260CB7B3204FFC8FFE8FADF7ECD5334" blockId="7.[112,763,1273,1962]" pageId="7">
The best-fitting model for reconstruction of ancestral areas was the BAYAREALIKE+J (Supporting Information,
<tableCitation id="7F5DFEC03204FFC8FD10FAFF7EE85070" box="[649,745,1343,1367]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="17.[113,168,143,167]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Table 3. Early-diverging lineages with peripheral geography and relatively limited diversification represent phylogenetic evidence for diversification by barrier displacement (Albert et al. 2018). Examples from Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, and Goodeidae are provided here. Sister clades are provided for comparison with each peripheral lineage.The chronogram node (Fig. 3) is given for each sister relationship" pageId="7">Table S3</tableCitation>
<tableCitation id="7F5DFEC03204FFC8FD10FAFF7EE85070" box="[649,745,1343,1367]" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="17.[113,168,143,167]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="Table 3. Early-diverging lineages with peripheral geography and relatively limited diversification represent phylogenetic evidence for diversification by barrier displacement (Albert et al. 2018). Examples from Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, and Goodeidae are provided here. Sister clades are provided for comparison with each peripheral lineage.The chronogram node (Fig. 3) is given for each sister relationship" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/66A09BF33212FFDEFFE8FF4F797555F8" pageId="7" tableUuid="66A09BF33212FFDEFFE8FF4F797555F8">Table S3</tableCitation>
), consistent with the coarse level of analysis, which recognized only the Nearctic and Neotropical realms. Most divergence events occurred within one realm or the other, as required by the BAYAREALIKE model (Garcia-R and
<bibRefCitation id="564EB68A3204FFC8FE67FA7C7E8550F3" author="Matzke NJ" box="[510,644,1468,1492]" pageId="7" refId="ref16531" refString="Garcia-R JC, Matzke NJ. Trait-dependent dispersal in rails (Aves: Rallidae): historical biogeography of a cosmopolitan bird clade. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 2021; 159: 107106. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2021.107106" type="journal volume" year="2021">Matzke 2021</bibRefCitation>
). Inclusion of the +J portion of the model implies that immigrations between realms occurred via long-distance dispersal (
@ -538,7 +541,7 @@ The best-fitting model for reconstruction of ancestral areas was the BAYAREALIKE
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3260CB7B3204FFC8FF14F9DA78E757FB" blockId="7.[112,763,1273,1962]" lastBlockId="7.[809,1460,582,732]" pageId="7">
The ancestral distribution for this clade of North American killifishes is optimized as NearcticNeotropical, suggesting a widespread most recent common ancestor (MRCA) (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE3204FFC8FD37F9997EE85356" box="[686,745,1625,1649]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="10.[129,194,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[212,1390,147,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-7@10.[209,1393,144,1808]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 5. Reconstruction of ancestral areas for the North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae.A, distribution of North American killifishes divided as Nearctic = A and Neotropical = B, with the boundary between realms being the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt (Rico et al.2022). B, ancestral areas computed using the BAYAREALIKE+J model in BIOGEOBEARS." pageId="7">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE3204FFC8FD37F9997EE85356" box="[686,745,1625,1649]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="10.[129,194,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[212,1390,147,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-7@10.[209,1393,144,1808]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 5. Reconstruction of ancestral areas for the North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae.A, distribution of North American killifishes divided as Nearctic = A and Neotropical = B, with the boundary between realms being the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt (Rico et al.2022). B, ancestral areas computed using the BAYAREALIKE+J model in BIOGEOBEARS." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508855/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
). This clade first split into a northern fork with primarily Nearctic affinities (
<taxonomicName id="F5DFB0F83204FFC8FF7EF9577D615388" box="[231,352,1687,1711]" family="Fundulidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Fundulidae</taxonomicName>
@ -599,7 +602,7 @@ reaching Neotropical drainages in the Late NeogeneQuaternary.
<paragraph id="3260CB7B3204FFC8FC28FD3B7FE05008" blockId="7.[809,1460,763,1327]" pageId="7">
<emphasis id="00AB17693204FFC8FC28FD3B792D5632" bold="true" box="[945,1324,763,789]" pageId="7">Reconstruction of ancestral habitats</emphasis>
Ancestral-habitats reconstruction (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE3204FFC8FB00FCE178E5561D" box="[1177,1252,801,826]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="4.[129,194,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,1224,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-539@4.[129,1473,1221,1842]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 2. Reconstruction of ancestral habitats for the North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae.A, distribution of North American killifish families with respect to the boundary (red line) between the coastal plain and continental interior (uplands). B, pie charts at each node represent the probability of each character state: coast including coastal plain, upland, or both." pageId="7">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE3204FFC8FB00FCE178E5561D" box="[1177,1252,801,826]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="4.[129,194,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,1224,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-539@4.[129,1473,1221,1842]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 2. Reconstruction of ancestral habitats for the North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae.A, distribution of North American killifish families with respect to the boundary (red line) between the coastal plain and continental interior (uplands). B, pie charts at each node represent the probability of each character state: coast including coastal plain, upland, or both." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508847" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508847/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
) indicates that the MRCA of North American killifishes was coastal. Inland invasions within
<taxonomicName id="F5DFB0F83204FFC8FC4BFCA07846565F" box="[978,1095,864,888]" family="Fundulidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Fundulidae</taxonomicName>
include
@ -653,7 +656,7 @@ diverged to become upland lineages. Cubanichthyidae remained coastal, whereas
and
<taxonomicName id="F5DFB0F83204FFC8FB0DFB5979075196" box="[1172,1286,1177,1201]" family="Goodeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Goodeidae</taxonomicName>
are likely to have originated and diversified entirely in uplands. Overall, 58.6% of species had coastal distributions, 33.5% had upland distributions, and 7.9% had distributions spanning coastal and upland habitats (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE3204FFC8FC13FAD77FD15008" box="[906,976,1303,1327]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="4.[129,194,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,1224,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-539@4.[129,1473,1221,1842]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 2. Reconstruction of ancestral habitats for the North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae.A, distribution of North American killifish families with respect to the boundary (red line) between the coastal plain and continental interior (uplands). B, pie charts at each node represent the probability of each character state: coast including coastal plain, upland, or both." pageId="7">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE3204FFC8FC13FAD77FD15008" box="[906,976,1303,1327]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="4.[129,194,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,1224,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-539@4.[129,1473,1221,1842]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 2. Reconstruction of ancestral habitats for the North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae.A, distribution of North American killifish families with respect to the boundary (red line) between the coastal plain and continental interior (uplands). B, pie charts at each node represent the probability of each character state: coast including coastal plain, upland, or both." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508847" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508847/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3260CB7B3204FFC8FC7DFA8E78F8504F" blockId="7.[996,1273,1358,1384]" box="[996,1273,1358,1384]" pageId="7">
@ -671,9 +674,9 @@ killifishes arose in the
of
<collectingRegion id="F01B05993204FFC8FBEAFA7E78C150F1" box="[1139,1216,1470,1494]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="7">México</collectingRegion>
(
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE3204FFC8FB57FA7E790950F1" box="[1230,1288,1470,1494]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." pageId="7">Figs 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE3204FFC8FB57FA7E790950F1" box="[1230,1288,1470,1494]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508849/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Figs 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE3204FFC8FA88FA7E791F50F1" box="[1297,1310,1470,1494]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="8.[127,192,1459,1483]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,147,1429]" captionTargetId="figure-233@8.[129,1473,144,1432]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 4. A, BAMM phylorate plot showing speciation rates along each branch within the North American killifish families Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae. Cool colours represent slow rates; warm colours represent fast rates.BE, speciation rate over time is shown graphically for Fundulidae (B), Cyprinodontidae (C), Profundulidae (D), and Goodeidae (E). λ = mean diversification rate." pageId="7">4</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE3204FFC8FA88FA7E791F50F1" box="[1297,1310,1470,1494]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="8.[127,192,1459,1483]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,147,1429]" captionTargetId="figure-233@8.[129,1473,144,1432]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 4. A, BAMM phylorate plot showing speciation rates along each branch within the North American killifish families Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae. Cool colours represent slow rates; warm colours represent fast rates.BE, speciation rate over time is shown graphically for Fundulidae (B), Cyprinodontidae (C), Profundulidae (D), and Goodeidae (E). λ = mean diversification rate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508853" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508853/files/figure.png" pageId="7">4</figureCitation>
).
<location id="37009DA03204FFC8FAAAFA7E79AE50F1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BA767A6D3207FFC6FBD9FEBB78A85484:37009DA03204FFC8FAAAFA7E79AE50F1" box="[1331,1455,1470,1494]" county="Evidence" latitude="3.0" municipality="North American" name="Accordingly" pageId="7" stateProvince="Mexico">Accordingly</location>
, the MRCA is likely to have had high salinity tolerance (
@ -693,7 +696,7 @@ distribution of the MRCA potentially spanned the present-day
and
<location id="37009DA03204FFC8FAA2F99B79B75354" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BA767A6D3207FFC6FBD9FEBB78A85484:37009DA03204FFC8FAA2F99B79B75354" box="[1339,1462,1627,1651]" county="Evidence" latitude="3.0" municipality="North American" name="Neotropical" pageId="7" stateProvince="Mexico">Neotropical</location>
realms (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE3204FFC8FCE6F9BA7FB953B5" box="[895,952,1658,1682]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="10.[129,194,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[212,1390,147,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-7@10.[209,1393,144,1808]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 5. Reconstruction of ancestral areas for the North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae.A, distribution of North American killifishes divided as Nearctic = A and Neotropical = B, with the boundary between realms being the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt (Rico et al.2022). B, ancestral areas computed using the BAYAREALIKE+J model in BIOGEOBEARS." pageId="7">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE3204FFC8FCE6F9BA7FB953B5" box="[895,952,1658,1682]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="10.[129,194,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[212,1390,147,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-7@10.[209,1393,144,1808]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 5. Reconstruction of ancestral areas for the North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae.A, distribution of North American killifishes divided as Nearctic = A and Neotropical = B, with the boundary between realms being the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt (Rico et al.2022). B, ancestral areas computed using the BAYAREALIKE+J model in BIOGEOBEARS." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508855/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
).
<location id="37009DA03204FFC8FC49F9BB782F53B5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BA767A6D3207FFC6FBD9FEBB78A85484:37009DA03204FFC8FC49F9BB782F53B5" box="[976,1070,1659,1682]" county="Evidence" latitude="3.0" municipality="North American" name="However" pageId="7" stateProvince="Mexico">However</location>
, it was likely to be tropical because at this time; the tropics extended to
@ -718,15 +721,15 @@ from a southern subclade of Cubanichthyidae
<taxonomicName id="F5DFB0F83204FFC8FBFDF8F678F85269" box="[1124,1273,1846,1870]" family="Profundulidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="7" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Profundulidae</taxonomicName>
58.645.8 Mya (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE3204FFC8FCACF8957F735249" box="[821,882,1877,1902]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." pageId="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE3204FFC8FCACF8957F735249" box="[821,882,1877,1902]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508849/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
, node 1;
<tableCitation id="7F5DFEC03204FFC8FC46F895782E5249" box="[991,1071,1877,1902]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2. Divergence estimates with confidence intervals (CIs) for numbered chronogram nodes (Fig.3) that are evaluated in this study. Environmental events potentially associated with phylogenetic divergences (reciprocal illumination) are provided.Further description is provided in the main text, with references." pageId="7">Table 2</tableCitation>
<tableCitation id="7F5DFEC03204FFC8FC46F895782E5249" box="[991,1071,1877,1902]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2. Divergence estimates with confidence intervals (CIs) for numbered chronogram nodes (Fig.3) that are evaluated in this study. Environmental events potentially associated with phylogenetic divergences (reciprocal illumination) are provided.Further description is provided in the main text, with references." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/66A09BF33205FFC9FF18FF4F7E0E55F8" pageId="7" tableUuid="66A09BF33205FFC9FF18FF4F7E0E55F8">Table 2</tableCitation>
). The relative distributions of these families (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE3204FFC8FC16F8B57FCC52AA" box="[911,973,1909,1933]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="1.[113,178,1926,1950]" captionTargetBox="[116,1455,809,1895]" captionTargetId="figure-368@1.[114,1458,806,1898]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figure 1. Map depicting the distribution of: A, North American killifish families; B, Fundulidae; C, Cyprinodontidae; D, Profundulidae; and E, Goodeidae." pageId="7">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE3204FFC8FC16F8B57FCC52AA" box="[911,973,1909,1933]" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="1.[113,178,1926,1950]" captionTargetBox="[116,1455,809,1895]" captionTargetId="figure-368@1.[114,1458,806,1898]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figure 1. Map depicting the distribution of: A, North American killifish families; B, Fundulidae; C, Cyprinodontidae; D, Profundulidae; and E, Goodeidae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508843" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508843/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
), our ancestral-areas reconstruction (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE3204FFC8FAFDF8B579A352AA" box="[1380,1442,1909,1933]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="10.[129,194,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[212,1390,147,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-7@10.[209,1393,144,1808]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 5. Reconstruction of ancestral areas for the North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae.A, distribution of North American killifishes divided as Nearctic = A and Neotropical = B, with the boundary between realms being the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt (Rico et al.2022). B, ancestral areas computed using the BAYAREALIKE+J model in BIOGEOBEARS." pageId="7">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE3204FFC8FAFDF8B579A352AA" box="[1380,1442,1909,1933]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="10.[129,194,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[212,1390,147,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-7@10.[209,1393,144,1808]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 5. Reconstruction of ancestral areas for the North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae.A, distribution of North American killifishes divided as Nearctic = A and Neotropical = B, with the boundary between realms being the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt (Rico et al.2022). B, ancestral areas computed using the BAYAREALIKE+J model in BIOGEOBEARS." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508855/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
), and our ancestral-habitats reconstruction (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE3204FFC8FB66F8547941528B" box="[1279,1344,1940,1964]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="4.[129,194,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,1224,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-539@4.[129,1473,1221,1842]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 2. Reconstruction of ancestral habitats for the North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae.A, distribution of North American killifish families with respect to the boundary (red line) between the coastal plain and continental interior (uplands). B, pie charts at each node represent the probability of each character state: coast including coastal plain, upland, or both." pageId="7">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE3204FFC8FB66F8547941528B" box="[1279,1344,1940,1964]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="4.[129,194,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,1224,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-539@4.[129,1473,1221,1842]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 2. Reconstruction of ancestral habitats for the North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae.A, distribution of North American killifish families with respect to the boundary (red line) between the coastal plain and continental interior (uplands). B, pie charts at each node represent the probability of each character state: coast including coastal plain, upland, or both." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508847" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508847/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
) combine to suggest that separation occurred as a northsouth division within the Gulf of
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. The Tropic of Cancer was gradually retracting southwards through this period (
@ -742,13 +745,13 @@ Zhang
adapted to inhabit subtropical estuaries, including those of the
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, Brazos, and Río Grande (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320BFFC7FED8F8CF7D7C5200" box="[321,381,1807,1831]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[113,178,1389,1413]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1361]" captionTargetId="figure-132@11.[114,1458,144,1361]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. EarlyMiddle Eocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region. Putative estuaries of origin for each Eocene lineage are labelled (Cypr. = Cyprinodontidae, Good.-Profund. = GoodeidaeProfundulidae).Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.2) are indicated as N1N3 (node 1node 3; for details, see main text and Table 2). The base map is a reconstruction for 50 Mya (late Early Eocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). The dashed line approximates the shore of an inland sea that is hypothesized to have formed 55.855.0 Mya (Early Eocene), at which time land would have surrounded the entire Gulf, separating it from the world ocean (Cossey et al. 2016), theoretically causing vicariance between northern and southern clades of North American killifishes (N1). Superimposed drainages and estuaries are adapted from the work of Snedden and Galloway (2019). Details on southwestern Gulf tributaries are from studies by Snedden et al. (2018) and Cossey et al. (2021). Alternate routes to the Gulf are shown for the Madrean River, a Tamaulipas route (Early Eocene), and a Río Bravo route (Middle Eocene). The ancestor of Goodeidae is hypothesized to have populated this drainage via the Early Eocene Tamaulipas route.High sea levels of the Early Eocene presumably allowed widespread dispersal within northern and southern regions, whereas sea-level falls in the early Middle Eocene potentially separated Cyprinodontidae from Fundulidae in the north (N2) and Cubanichthyidae from GoodeidaeProfundulidae in the south (N3)." pageId="8">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320BFFC7FED8F8CF7D7C5200" box="[321,381,1807,1831]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[113,178,1389,1413]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1361]" captionTargetId="figure-132@11.[114,1458,144,1361]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. EarlyMiddle Eocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region. Putative estuaries of origin for each Eocene lineage are labelled (Cypr. = Cyprinodontidae, Good.-Profund. = GoodeidaeProfundulidae).Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.2) are indicated as N1N3 (node 1node 3; for details, see main text and Table 2). The base map is a reconstruction for 50 Mya (late Early Eocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). The dashed line approximates the shore of an inland sea that is hypothesized to have formed 55.855.0 Mya (Early Eocene), at which time land would have surrounded the entire Gulf, separating it from the world ocean (Cossey et al. 2016), theoretically causing vicariance between northern and southern clades of North American killifishes (N1). Superimposed drainages and estuaries are adapted from the work of Snedden and Galloway (2019). Details on southwestern Gulf tributaries are from studies by Snedden et al. (2018) and Cossey et al. (2021). Alternate routes to the Gulf are shown for the Madrean River, a Tamaulipas route (Early Eocene), and a Río Bravo route (Middle Eocene). The ancestor of Goodeidae is hypothesized to have populated this drainage via the Early Eocene Tamaulipas route.High sea levels of the Early Eocene presumably allowed widespread dispersal within northern and southern regions, whereas sea-level falls in the early Middle Eocene potentially separated Cyprinodontidae from Fundulidae in the north (N2) and Cubanichthyidae from GoodeidaeProfundulidae in the south (N3)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508859" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508859/files/figure.png" pageId="8">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
). Concurrently, the southern MRCA of Cubanichthyidae
<taxonomicName id="F5DFB0F8320BFFC7FEF7F8EE7DDF5261" box="[366,478,1838,1862]" family="Goodeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Goodeidae</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="F5DFB0F8320BFFC7FE72F8EE7E815261" box="[491,640,1838,1862]" family="Profundulidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Profundulidae</taxonomicName>
potentially occupied a tropical estuary in the southwestern Gulf (Bejuco, Chicontepec, and Nautla) (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320BFFC7FE31F8AD7DE452A2" box="[424,485,1901,1925]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[113,178,1389,1413]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1361]" captionTargetId="figure-132@11.[114,1458,144,1361]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. EarlyMiddle Eocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region. Putative estuaries of origin for each Eocene lineage are labelled (Cypr. = Cyprinodontidae, Good.-Profund. = GoodeidaeProfundulidae).Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.2) are indicated as N1N3 (node 1node 3; for details, see main text and Table 2). The base map is a reconstruction for 50 Mya (late Early Eocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). The dashed line approximates the shore of an inland sea that is hypothesized to have formed 55.855.0 Mya (Early Eocene), at which time land would have surrounded the entire Gulf, separating it from the world ocean (Cossey et al. 2016), theoretically causing vicariance between northern and southern clades of North American killifishes (N1). Superimposed drainages and estuaries are adapted from the work of Snedden and Galloway (2019). Details on southwestern Gulf tributaries are from studies by Snedden et al. (2018) and Cossey et al. (2021). Alternate routes to the Gulf are shown for the Madrean River, a Tamaulipas route (Early Eocene), and a Río Bravo route (Middle Eocene). The ancestor of Goodeidae is hypothesized to have populated this drainage via the Early Eocene Tamaulipas route.High sea levels of the Early Eocene presumably allowed widespread dispersal within northern and southern regions, whereas sea-level falls in the early Middle Eocene potentially separated Cyprinodontidae from Fundulidae in the north (N2) and Cubanichthyidae from GoodeidaeProfundulidae in the south (N3)." pageId="8">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320BFFC7FE31F8AD7DE452A2" box="[424,485,1901,1925]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[113,178,1389,1413]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1361]" captionTargetId="figure-132@11.[114,1458,144,1361]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. EarlyMiddle Eocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region. Putative estuaries of origin for each Eocene lineage are labelled (Cypr. = Cyprinodontidae, Good.-Profund. = GoodeidaeProfundulidae).Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.2) are indicated as N1N3 (node 1node 3; for details, see main text and Table 2). The base map is a reconstruction for 50 Mya (late Early Eocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). The dashed line approximates the shore of an inland sea that is hypothesized to have formed 55.855.0 Mya (Early Eocene), at which time land would have surrounded the entire Gulf, separating it from the world ocean (Cossey et al. 2016), theoretically causing vicariance between northern and southern clades of North American killifishes (N1). Superimposed drainages and estuaries are adapted from the work of Snedden and Galloway (2019). Details on southwestern Gulf tributaries are from studies by Snedden et al. (2018) and Cossey et al. (2021). Alternate routes to the Gulf are shown for the Madrean River, a Tamaulipas route (Early Eocene), and a Río Bravo route (Middle Eocene). The ancestor of Goodeidae is hypothesized to have populated this drainage via the Early Eocene Tamaulipas route.High sea levels of the Early Eocene presumably allowed widespread dispersal within northern and southern regions, whereas sea-level falls in the early Middle Eocene potentially separated Cyprinodontidae from Fundulidae in the north (N2) and Cubanichthyidae from GoodeidaeProfundulidae in the south (N3)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508859" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508859/files/figure.png" pageId="8">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
). Geological evidence suggests the Gulf of
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became isolated from the world ocean 55.855.0 Mya, accompanied by sea-level recession of
@ -769,7 +772,7 @@ Dolby
</bibRefCitation>
), this extreme drawdown could have caused strong separation of northern and southern clades.
</paragraph>
<caption id="66A09BF3320BFFC7FFE6FA7379685324" pageId="8" startId="8.[127,192,1459,1483]" targetBox="[132,1470,147,1429]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
<caption id="66A09BF3320BFFC7FFE6FA7379685324" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508853" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14508853" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508853/files/figure.png" pageId="8" startId="8.[127,192,1459,1483]" targetBox="[132,1470,147,1429]" targetPageId="8" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="3260CB7B320BFFC7FFE6FA7379685324" blockId="8.[127,1472,1459,1540]" pageId="8">
<emphasis id="00AB1769320BFFC7FFE6FA737CD650EC" bold="true" box="[127,215,1459,1483]" pageId="8">Figure 4.</emphasis>
A, BAMM phylorate plot showing speciation rates along each branch within the North American killifish families
@ -797,9 +800,9 @@ We hypothesize divergence of
from
<taxonomicName id="F5DFB0F8320BFFC7FCA0F9107FAE53CF" box="[825,943,1744,1768]" family="Fundulidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="8" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Fundulidae</taxonomicName>
, 54.837.6 Mya (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320BFFC7FBF4F91078A853CF" box="[1133,1193,1744,1768]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." pageId="8">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320BFFC7FBF4F91078A853CF" box="[1133,1193,1744,1768]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508849/files/figure.png" pageId="8">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
, node 2;
<tableCitation id="7F5DFEC0320BFFC7FA8AF910796053CF" box="[1299,1377,1744,1768]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2. Divergence estimates with confidence intervals (CIs) for numbered chronogram nodes (Fig.3) that are evaluated in this study. Environmental events potentially associated with phylogenetic divergences (reciprocal illumination) are provided.Further description is provided in the main text, with references." pageId="8">Table 2</tableCitation>
<tableCitation id="7F5DFEC0320BFFC7FA8AF910796053CF" box="[1299,1377,1744,1768]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2. Divergence estimates with confidence intervals (CIs) for numbered chronogram nodes (Fig.3) that are evaluated in this study. Environmental events potentially associated with phylogenetic divergences (reciprocal illumination) are provided.Further description is provided in the main text, with references." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/66A09BF33205FFC9FF18FF4F7E0E55F8" pageId="8" tableUuid="66A09BF33205FFC9FF18FF4F7E0E55F8">Table 2</tableCitation>
) was via eastwest vicariance along the northern Gulf Coast. Drainage reconfiguration occurred in the northern Gulf of
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48.2 Mya (EarlyMiddle Eocene transition), when reduced sediment supply caused alluvial deltas to retract and separate (
@ -811,7 +814,7 @@ from
was potentially isolated in the Middle Eocene Brazos River delta. From there, it is likely to have ranged east into the adjacent
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Embayment, which flooded at this time (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320AFFC6FDB0FF2E7E645421" box="[553,613,238,262]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[113,178,1389,1413]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1361]" captionTargetId="figure-132@11.[114,1458,144,1361]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. EarlyMiddle Eocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region. Putative estuaries of origin for each Eocene lineage are labelled (Cypr. = Cyprinodontidae, Good.-Profund. = GoodeidaeProfundulidae).Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.2) are indicated as N1N3 (node 1node 3; for details, see main text and Table 2). The base map is a reconstruction for 50 Mya (late Early Eocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). The dashed line approximates the shore of an inland sea that is hypothesized to have formed 55.855.0 Mya (Early Eocene), at which time land would have surrounded the entire Gulf, separating it from the world ocean (Cossey et al. 2016), theoretically causing vicariance between northern and southern clades of North American killifishes (N1). Superimposed drainages and estuaries are adapted from the work of Snedden and Galloway (2019). Details on southwestern Gulf tributaries are from studies by Snedden et al. (2018) and Cossey et al. (2021). Alternate routes to the Gulf are shown for the Madrean River, a Tamaulipas route (Early Eocene), and a Río Bravo route (Middle Eocene). The ancestor of Goodeidae is hypothesized to have populated this drainage via the Early Eocene Tamaulipas route.High sea levels of the Early Eocene presumably allowed widespread dispersal within northern and southern regions, whereas sea-level falls in the early Middle Eocene potentially separated Cyprinodontidae from Fundulidae in the north (N2) and Cubanichthyidae from GoodeidaeProfundulidae in the south (N3)." pageId="9">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320AFFC6FDB0FF2E7E645421" box="[553,613,238,262]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[113,178,1389,1413]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1361]" captionTargetId="figure-132@11.[114,1458,144,1361]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. EarlyMiddle Eocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region. Putative estuaries of origin for each Eocene lineage are labelled (Cypr. = Cyprinodontidae, Good.-Profund. = GoodeidaeProfundulidae).Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.2) are indicated as N1N3 (node 1node 3; for details, see main text and Table 2). The base map is a reconstruction for 50 Mya (late Early Eocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). The dashed line approximates the shore of an inland sea that is hypothesized to have formed 55.855.0 Mya (Early Eocene), at which time land would have surrounded the entire Gulf, separating it from the world ocean (Cossey et al. 2016), theoretically causing vicariance between northern and southern clades of North American killifishes (N1). Superimposed drainages and estuaries are adapted from the work of Snedden and Galloway (2019). Details on southwestern Gulf tributaries are from studies by Snedden et al. (2018) and Cossey et al. (2021). Alternate routes to the Gulf are shown for the Madrean River, a Tamaulipas route (Early Eocene), and a Río Bravo route (Middle Eocene). The ancestor of Goodeidae is hypothesized to have populated this drainage via the Early Eocene Tamaulipas route.High sea levels of the Early Eocene presumably allowed widespread dispersal within northern and southern regions, whereas sea-level falls in the early Middle Eocene potentially separated Cyprinodontidae from Fundulidae in the north (N2) and Cubanichthyidae from GoodeidaeProfundulidae in the south (N3)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508859" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508859/files/figure.png" pageId="9">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
). The embayment refilled gradually through the Middle Eocene (
<bibRefCitation id="564EB68A320AFFC6FD39FECD7D3B5462" author="Snedden JW &amp; Galloway WE" pageId="9" refId="ref20371" refString="Snedden JW, Galloway WE. The Gulf of Mexico Sedimentary Basin: Depositional Evolution and Petroleum Applications. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019." type="book" year="2019">Snedden and Galloway 2019</bibRefCitation>
), suggesting that it contained extensive estuarine habitats that could have been the cradle for
@ -819,7 +822,7 @@ Embayment, which flooded at this time (
. To the southwest, the MRCA of
<taxonomicName id="F5DFB0F8320AFFC6FE2EFEAB7E6954A4" box="[439,616,363,387]" family="Cyprinodontidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Cyprinodontidae</taxonomicName>
putatively originated in a separate delta region associated with the Río Grande and Río Bravo deltas (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320AFFC6FECEFE6A7D9154E5" box="[343,400,426,450]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[113,178,1389,1413]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1361]" captionTargetId="figure-132@11.[114,1458,144,1361]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. EarlyMiddle Eocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region. Putative estuaries of origin for each Eocene lineage are labelled (Cypr. = Cyprinodontidae, Good.-Profund. = GoodeidaeProfundulidae).Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.2) are indicated as N1N3 (node 1node 3; for details, see main text and Table 2). The base map is a reconstruction for 50 Mya (late Early Eocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). The dashed line approximates the shore of an inland sea that is hypothesized to have formed 55.855.0 Mya (Early Eocene), at which time land would have surrounded the entire Gulf, separating it from the world ocean (Cossey et al. 2016), theoretically causing vicariance between northern and southern clades of North American killifishes (N1). Superimposed drainages and estuaries are adapted from the work of Snedden and Galloway (2019). Details on southwestern Gulf tributaries are from studies by Snedden et al. (2018) and Cossey et al. (2021). Alternate routes to the Gulf are shown for the Madrean River, a Tamaulipas route (Early Eocene), and a Río Bravo route (Middle Eocene). The ancestor of Goodeidae is hypothesized to have populated this drainage via the Early Eocene Tamaulipas route.High sea levels of the Early Eocene presumably allowed widespread dispersal within northern and southern regions, whereas sea-level falls in the early Middle Eocene potentially separated Cyprinodontidae from Fundulidae in the north (N2) and Cubanichthyidae from GoodeidaeProfundulidae in the south (N3)." pageId="9">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320AFFC6FECEFE6A7D9154E5" box="[343,400,426,450]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[113,178,1389,1413]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1361]" captionTargetId="figure-132@11.[114,1458,144,1361]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. EarlyMiddle Eocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region. Putative estuaries of origin for each Eocene lineage are labelled (Cypr. = Cyprinodontidae, Good.-Profund. = GoodeidaeProfundulidae).Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.2) are indicated as N1N3 (node 1node 3; for details, see main text and Table 2). The base map is a reconstruction for 50 Mya (late Early Eocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). The dashed line approximates the shore of an inland sea that is hypothesized to have formed 55.855.0 Mya (Early Eocene), at which time land would have surrounded the entire Gulf, separating it from the world ocean (Cossey et al. 2016), theoretically causing vicariance between northern and southern clades of North American killifishes (N1). Superimposed drainages and estuaries are adapted from the work of Snedden and Galloway (2019). Details on southwestern Gulf tributaries are from studies by Snedden et al. (2018) and Cossey et al. (2021). Alternate routes to the Gulf are shown for the Madrean River, a Tamaulipas route (Early Eocene), and a Río Bravo route (Middle Eocene). The ancestor of Goodeidae is hypothesized to have populated this drainage via the Early Eocene Tamaulipas route.High sea levels of the Early Eocene presumably allowed widespread dispersal within northern and southern regions, whereas sea-level falls in the early Middle Eocene potentially separated Cyprinodontidae from Fundulidae in the north (N2) and Cubanichthyidae from GoodeidaeProfundulidae in the south (N3)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508859" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508859/files/figure.png" pageId="9">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
) that were comparatively sediment rich and wave swept (
<bibRefCitation id="564EB68A320AFFC6FED1FE097E6954C6" author="Snedden JW &amp; Galloway WE" box="[328,616,457,481]" pageId="9" refId="ref20371" refString="Snedden JW, Galloway WE. The Gulf of Mexico Sedimentary Basin: Depositional Evolution and Petroleum Applications. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019." type="book" year="2019">Snedden and Galloway 2019</bibRefCitation>
). Such habitat is seemingly well suited for the ancestor of this group, which is hypothesized to have resembled
@ -861,9 +864,9 @@ Miller
Divergence of Cubanichthyidae from
<taxonomicName id="F5DFB0F8320AFFC6FFE8FC817D04567E" box="[113,261,833,857]" family="Profundulidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Goodeidae-Profundulidae</taxonomicName>
, 54.835.8 Mya (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320AFFC6FE27FC817DF9567E" box="[446,504,833,857]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." pageId="9">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320AFFC6FE27FC817DF9567E" box="[446,504,833,857]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508849/files/figure.png" pageId="9">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
, node 3;
<tableCitation id="7F5DFEC0320AFFC6FDC7FC817EA8567E" box="[606,681,833,857]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2. Divergence estimates with confidence intervals (CIs) for numbered chronogram nodes (Fig.3) that are evaluated in this study. Environmental events potentially associated with phylogenetic divergences (reciprocal illumination) are provided.Further description is provided in the main text, with references." pageId="9">Table 2</tableCitation>
<tableCitation id="7F5DFEC0320AFFC6FDC7FC817EA8567E" box="[606,681,833,857]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2. Divergence estimates with confidence intervals (CIs) for numbered chronogram nodes (Fig.3) that are evaluated in this study. Environmental events potentially associated with phylogenetic divergences (reciprocal illumination) are provided.Further description is provided in the main text, with references." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/66A09BF33205FFC9FF18FF4F7E0E55F8" pageId="9" tableUuid="66A09BF33205FFC9FF18FF4F7E0E55F8">Table 2</tableCitation>
), could also be linked to sea-level fluctuations. We hypothesize that maximum sea levels associated with ice-free conditions in the Early Eocene, including a peak at 48.0 Mya (
<bibRefCitation id="564EB68A320AFFC6FDA2FC5F7EE85690" author="Miller KG &amp; Schmelz WJ &amp; Browning JV" box="[571,745,927,951]" pageId="9" refId="ref18344" refString="Miller KG, Schmelz WJ, Browning JV et al. Global mean and relative sea-level changes over the past 66 Myr: implications for early Eocene ice sheets. Earth Science, Systems and Society 2024; 3: 10091. https: // doi. org / 10.3389 / esss. 2023.10091" type="journal volume" year="2024">
Miller
@ -881,7 +884,7 @@ Miller
), could have made the
<collectingRegion id="F01B0599320AFFC6FE85FBFC7D6C5173" box="[284,365,1084,1108]" country="Mexico" name="Yucatan" pageId="9">Yucatán</collectingRegion>
platform a more formidable barrier, isolating the ancestor of Cubanichthyidae in the Caribbean (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320AFFC6FFE5FBBB7CBB51B4" box="[124,186,1147,1171]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[113,178,1389,1413]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1361]" captionTargetId="figure-132@11.[114,1458,144,1361]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. EarlyMiddle Eocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region. Putative estuaries of origin for each Eocene lineage are labelled (Cypr. = Cyprinodontidae, Good.-Profund. = GoodeidaeProfundulidae).Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.2) are indicated as N1N3 (node 1node 3; for details, see main text and Table 2). The base map is a reconstruction for 50 Mya (late Early Eocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). The dashed line approximates the shore of an inland sea that is hypothesized to have formed 55.855.0 Mya (Early Eocene), at which time land would have surrounded the entire Gulf, separating it from the world ocean (Cossey et al. 2016), theoretically causing vicariance between northern and southern clades of North American killifishes (N1). Superimposed drainages and estuaries are adapted from the work of Snedden and Galloway (2019). Details on southwestern Gulf tributaries are from studies by Snedden et al. (2018) and Cossey et al. (2021). Alternate routes to the Gulf are shown for the Madrean River, a Tamaulipas route (Early Eocene), and a Río Bravo route (Middle Eocene). The ancestor of Goodeidae is hypothesized to have populated this drainage via the Early Eocene Tamaulipas route.High sea levels of the Early Eocene presumably allowed widespread dispersal within northern and southern regions, whereas sea-level falls in the early Middle Eocene potentially separated Cyprinodontidae from Fundulidae in the north (N2) and Cubanichthyidae from GoodeidaeProfundulidae in the south (N3)." pageId="9">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320AFFC6FFE5FBBB7CBB51B4" box="[124,186,1147,1171]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[113,178,1389,1413]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1361]" captionTargetId="figure-132@11.[114,1458,144,1361]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. EarlyMiddle Eocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region. Putative estuaries of origin for each Eocene lineage are labelled (Cypr. = Cyprinodontidae, Good.-Profund. = GoodeidaeProfundulidae).Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.2) are indicated as N1N3 (node 1node 3; for details, see main text and Table 2). The base map is a reconstruction for 50 Mya (late Early Eocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). The dashed line approximates the shore of an inland sea that is hypothesized to have formed 55.855.0 Mya (Early Eocene), at which time land would have surrounded the entire Gulf, separating it from the world ocean (Cossey et al. 2016), theoretically causing vicariance between northern and southern clades of North American killifishes (N1). Superimposed drainages and estuaries are adapted from the work of Snedden and Galloway (2019). Details on southwestern Gulf tributaries are from studies by Snedden et al. (2018) and Cossey et al. (2021). Alternate routes to the Gulf are shown for the Madrean River, a Tamaulipas route (Early Eocene), and a Río Bravo route (Middle Eocene). The ancestor of Goodeidae is hypothesized to have populated this drainage via the Early Eocene Tamaulipas route.High sea levels of the Early Eocene presumably allowed widespread dispersal within northern and southern regions, whereas sea-level falls in the early Middle Eocene potentially separated Cyprinodontidae from Fundulidae in the north (N2) and Cubanichthyidae from GoodeidaeProfundulidae in the south (N3)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508859" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508859/files/figure.png" pageId="9">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
). However, as already noted, phylogenetic placement of Cubanichthyidae is inconsistent among recent studies (e.g.
<bibRefCitation id="564EB68A320AFFC6FFE8FB797D6651F6" author="Ghezelayagh A &amp; Harrington RC &amp; Burress ED" box="[113,359,1209,1233]" pageId="9" pagination="1211 - 20" refId="ref16688" refString="Ghezelayagh A, Harrington RC, Burress ED et al. Prolonged morphological expansion of spiny-rayed fishes following the end- Cretaceous. Nature Ecology &amp; Evolution 2022; 6: 1211 - 20. https: // doi. org / 10.1038 / s 41559 - 022 - 01801 - 3" type="journal article" year="2022">
Ghezelayagh
@ -902,15 +905,15 @@ Divergence of
from
<taxonomicName id="F5DFB0F8320AFFC6FE5EFB387E5A5037" box="[455,603,1272,1296]" family="Profundulidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Profundulidae</taxonomicName>
, 39.221.4 Mya (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320AFFC6FFE5FAD77CB55008" box="[124,180,1303,1327]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." pageId="9">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320AFFC6FFE5FAD77CB55008" box="[124,180,1303,1327]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508849/files/figure.png" pageId="9">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
, node 4), presumably reflects upland isolation of lineages in separate river drainages (
<tableCitation id="7F5DFEC0320AFFC6FE1EFAF77DD35068" box="[391,466,1335,1359]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2. Divergence estimates with confidence intervals (CIs) for numbered chronogram nodes (Fig.3) that are evaluated in this study. Environmental events potentially associated with phylogenetic divergences (reciprocal illumination) are provided.Further description is provided in the main text, with references." pageId="9">Table 2</tableCitation>
<tableCitation id="7F5DFEC0320AFFC6FE1EFAF77DD35068" box="[391,466,1335,1359]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2. Divergence estimates with confidence intervals (CIs) for numbered chronogram nodes (Fig.3) that are evaluated in this study. Environmental events potentially associated with phylogenetic divergences (reciprocal illumination) are provided.Further description is provided in the main text, with references." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/66A09BF33205FFC9FF18FF4F7E0E55F8" pageId="9" tableUuid="66A09BF33205FFC9FF18FF4F7E0E55F8">Table 2</tableCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320AFFC6FE47FAF77E175068" box="[478,534,1335,1359]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." pageId="9">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320AFFC6FE47FAF77E175068" box="[478,534,1335,1359]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508849/files/figure.png" pageId="9">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). We hypothesize that
<taxonomicName id="F5DFB0F8320AFFC6FFE8FA967CE25049" box="[113,227,1366,1390]" family="Goodeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Goodeidae</taxonomicName>
descend from a population that ranged inland into a Madrean River (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320AFFC6FEB5FAB57D6450AA" box="[300,357,1397,1421]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[113,178,1389,1413]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1361]" captionTargetId="figure-132@11.[114,1458,144,1361]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. EarlyMiddle Eocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region. Putative estuaries of origin for each Eocene lineage are labelled (Cypr. = Cyprinodontidae, Good.-Profund. = GoodeidaeProfundulidae).Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.2) are indicated as N1N3 (node 1node 3; for details, see main text and Table 2). The base map is a reconstruction for 50 Mya (late Early Eocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). The dashed line approximates the shore of an inland sea that is hypothesized to have formed 55.855.0 Mya (Early Eocene), at which time land would have surrounded the entire Gulf, separating it from the world ocean (Cossey et al. 2016), theoretically causing vicariance between northern and southern clades of North American killifishes (N1). Superimposed drainages and estuaries are adapted from the work of Snedden and Galloway (2019). Details on southwestern Gulf tributaries are from studies by Snedden et al. (2018) and Cossey et al. (2021). Alternate routes to the Gulf are shown for the Madrean River, a Tamaulipas route (Early Eocene), and a Río Bravo route (Middle Eocene). The ancestor of Goodeidae is hypothesized to have populated this drainage via the Early Eocene Tamaulipas route.High sea levels of the Early Eocene presumably allowed widespread dispersal within northern and southern regions, whereas sea-level falls in the early Middle Eocene potentially separated Cyprinodontidae from Fundulidae in the north (N2) and Cubanichthyidae from GoodeidaeProfundulidae in the south (N3)." pageId="9">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320AFFC6FEB5FAB57D6450AA" box="[300,357,1397,1421]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[113,178,1389,1413]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1361]" captionTargetId="figure-132@11.[114,1458,144,1361]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. EarlyMiddle Eocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region. Putative estuaries of origin for each Eocene lineage are labelled (Cypr. = Cyprinodontidae, Good.-Profund. = GoodeidaeProfundulidae).Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.2) are indicated as N1N3 (node 1node 3; for details, see main text and Table 2). The base map is a reconstruction for 50 Mya (late Early Eocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). The dashed line approximates the shore of an inland sea that is hypothesized to have formed 55.855.0 Mya (Early Eocene), at which time land would have surrounded the entire Gulf, separating it from the world ocean (Cossey et al. 2016), theoretically causing vicariance between northern and southern clades of North American killifishes (N1). Superimposed drainages and estuaries are adapted from the work of Snedden and Galloway (2019). Details on southwestern Gulf tributaries are from studies by Snedden et al. (2018) and Cossey et al. (2021). Alternate routes to the Gulf are shown for the Madrean River, a Tamaulipas route (Early Eocene), and a Río Bravo route (Middle Eocene). The ancestor of Goodeidae is hypothesized to have populated this drainage via the Early Eocene Tamaulipas route.High sea levels of the Early Eocene presumably allowed widespread dispersal within northern and southern regions, whereas sea-level falls in the early Middle Eocene potentially separated Cyprinodontidae from Fundulidae in the north (N2) and Cubanichthyidae from GoodeidaeProfundulidae in the south (N3)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508859" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508859/files/figure.png" pageId="9">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
), which joined the Bejuco delta system in the Early Eocene, after uplift of the
<collectingRegion id="F01B0599320AFFC6FE6DFA557E68508A" box="[500,617,1429,1453]" country="Mexico" name="Tamaulipas" pageId="9">Tamaulipas</collectingRegion>
Arch diverted it southwards (
@ -930,7 +933,7 @@ Galloway
2011
</bibRefCitation>
) (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320AFFC6FD4DF92D7C7F5203" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="12.[129,194,1350,1374]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1323]" captionTargetId="figure-237@12.[129,1473,144,1323]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 7. Oligocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region. Putative estuaries of origin for each Oligocene lineage are labelled.Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.3) are indicated as N4, N8, N12, and N13, showing hypothetical separations between lineages (for details, see main text, Table 2, and Fig.6). The base map is a reconstruction for 35 Mya (ending Late Eocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). Superimposed river drainages and estuaries are adapted from the study by Snedden and Galloway (2019). Details on the Chiapas region are from the study by Villagómez et al. (2022). Three putative dispersal events are illustrated: N8, cyprinodontid southward immigration founding FloridichthysJordanella pulchra on the Yucatán platform; N12, fundulid eastward immigration, including crossing the Suwanee Channel during sea-level recession, founding Leptolucania on the Ocala High; and N13, fundulid westward immigration founding LucaniaWileyichthys in the Río GrandeRío Bravo estuary, where it presumably co-occurred with Cyprinodontidae." pageId="9">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320AFFC6FD4DF92D7C7F5203" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="12.[129,194,1350,1374]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1323]" captionTargetId="figure-237@12.[129,1473,144,1323]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 7. Oligocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region. Putative estuaries of origin for each Oligocene lineage are labelled.Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.3) are indicated as N4, N8, N12, and N13, showing hypothetical separations between lineages (for details, see main text, Table 2, and Fig.6). The base map is a reconstruction for 35 Mya (ending Late Eocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). Superimposed river drainages and estuaries are adapted from the study by Snedden and Galloway (2019). Details on the Chiapas region are from the study by Villagómez et al. (2022). Three putative dispersal events are illustrated: N8, cyprinodontid southward immigration founding FloridichthysJordanella pulchra on the Yucatán platform; N12, fundulid eastward immigration, including crossing the Suwanee Channel during sea-level recession, founding Leptolucania on the Ocala High; and N13, fundulid westward immigration founding LucaniaWileyichthys in the Río GrandeRío Bravo estuary, where it presumably co-occurred with Cyprinodontidae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508861/files/figure.png" pageId="9">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
). A resulting influx of freshwater fishes might have constrained the distributions of goodeids to more marginal habitats isolated by distance upstream, barriers, or habitat conditions (i.e. salinity), presumably isolating upland populations from coastal relatives. For
<taxonomicName id="F5DFB0F8320AFFC6FF7DF84A7D795285" box="[228,376,1930,1954]" family="Profundulidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Profundulidae</taxonomicName>
, the timing of divergence corresponds with uplift of the
@ -954,11 +957,11 @@ Villagómez
2022
</bibRefCitation>
), isolating inland populations (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320AFFC6FC70FECD78225402" box="[1001,1059,269,293]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="12.[129,194,1350,1374]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1323]" captionTargetId="figure-237@12.[129,1473,144,1323]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 7. Oligocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region. Putative estuaries of origin for each Oligocene lineage are labelled.Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.3) are indicated as N4, N8, N12, and N13, showing hypothetical separations between lineages (for details, see main text, Table 2, and Fig.6). The base map is a reconstruction for 35 Mya (ending Late Eocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). Superimposed river drainages and estuaries are adapted from the study by Snedden and Galloway (2019). Details on the Chiapas region are from the study by Villagómez et al. (2022). Three putative dispersal events are illustrated: N8, cyprinodontid southward immigration founding FloridichthysJordanella pulchra on the Yucatán platform; N12, fundulid eastward immigration, including crossing the Suwanee Channel during sea-level recession, founding Leptolucania on the Ocala High; and N13, fundulid westward immigration founding LucaniaWileyichthys in the Río GrandeRío Bravo estuary, where it presumably co-occurred with Cyprinodontidae." pageId="9">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320AFFC6FC70FECD78225402" box="[1001,1059,269,293]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="12.[129,194,1350,1374]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1323]" captionTargetId="figure-237@12.[129,1473,144,1323]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 7. Oligocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region. Putative estuaries of origin for each Oligocene lineage are labelled.Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.3) are indicated as N4, N8, N12, and N13, showing hypothetical separations between lineages (for details, see main text, Table 2, and Fig.6). The base map is a reconstruction for 35 Mya (ending Late Eocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). Superimposed river drainages and estuaries are adapted from the study by Snedden and Galloway (2019). Details on the Chiapas region are from the study by Villagómez et al. (2022). Three putative dispersal events are illustrated: N8, cyprinodontid southward immigration founding FloridichthysJordanella pulchra on the Yucatán platform; N12, fundulid eastward immigration, including crossing the Suwanee Channel during sea-level recession, founding Leptolucania on the Ocala High; and N13, fundulid westward immigration founding LucaniaWileyichthys in the Río GrandeRío Bravo estuary, where it presumably co-occurred with Cyprinodontidae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508861/files/figure.png" pageId="9">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
). Given that cyprinodontids evidently inhabited the southwestern Gulf by ~31.8 Mya (see below;
<tableCitation id="7F5DFEC0320AFFC6FCB3FE8C7F775443" box="[810,886,332,356]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2. Divergence estimates with confidence intervals (CIs) for numbered chronogram nodes (Fig.3) that are evaluated in this study. Environmental events potentially associated with phylogenetic divergences (reciprocal illumination) are provided.Further description is provided in the main text, with references." pageId="9">Table 2</tableCitation>
<tableCitation id="7F5DFEC0320AFFC6FCB3FE8C7F775443" box="[810,886,332,356]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2. Divergence estimates with confidence intervals (CIs) for numbered chronogram nodes (Fig.3) that are evaluated in this study. Environmental events potentially associated with phylogenetic divergences (reciprocal illumination) are provided.Further description is provided in the main text, with references." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/66A09BF33205FFC9FF18FF4F7E0E55F8" pageId="9" tableUuid="66A09BF33205FFC9FF18FF4F7E0E55F8">Table 2</tableCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320AFFC6FC1AFE8C7FBD5444" box="[899,956,332,356]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="12.[129,194,1350,1374]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1323]" captionTargetId="figure-237@12.[129,1473,144,1323]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 7. Oligocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region. Putative estuaries of origin for each Oligocene lineage are labelled.Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.3) are indicated as N4, N8, N12, and N13, showing hypothetical separations between lineages (for details, see main text, Table 2, and Fig.6). The base map is a reconstruction for 35 Mya (ending Late Eocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). Superimposed river drainages and estuaries are adapted from the study by Snedden and Galloway (2019). Details on the Chiapas region are from the study by Villagómez et al. (2022). Three putative dispersal events are illustrated: N8, cyprinodontid southward immigration founding FloridichthysJordanella pulchra on the Yucatán platform; N12, fundulid eastward immigration, including crossing the Suwanee Channel during sea-level recession, founding Leptolucania on the Ocala High; and N13, fundulid westward immigration founding LucaniaWileyichthys in the Río GrandeRío Bravo estuary, where it presumably co-occurred with Cyprinodontidae." pageId="9">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320AFFC6FC1AFE8C7FBD5444" box="[899,956,332,356]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="12.[129,194,1350,1374]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1323]" captionTargetId="figure-237@12.[129,1473,144,1323]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 7. Oligocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region. Putative estuaries of origin for each Oligocene lineage are labelled.Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.3) are indicated as N4, N8, N12, and N13, showing hypothetical separations between lineages (for details, see main text, Table 2, and Fig.6). The base map is a reconstruction for 35 Mya (ending Late Eocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). Superimposed river drainages and estuaries are adapted from the study by Snedden and Galloway (2019). Details on the Chiapas region are from the study by Villagómez et al. (2022). Three putative dispersal events are illustrated: N8, cyprinodontid southward immigration founding FloridichthysJordanella pulchra on the Yucatán platform; N12, fundulid eastward immigration, including crossing the Suwanee Channel during sea-level recession, founding Leptolucania on the Ocala High; and N13, fundulid westward immigration founding LucaniaWileyichthys in the Río GrandeRío Bravo estuary, where it presumably co-occurred with Cyprinodontidae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508861/files/figure.png" pageId="9">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
), we cannot rule out the possibility that a southward cyprinodontid invasion contributed to the disappearance of coastal
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View file

@ -1,56 +1,59 @@
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) could have allowed goodeids to disperse along the front of the Sierra Madre Occidental to the southern Great Basin (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320AFFC6FB4BFA33790D532D" box="[1234,1292,1523,1547]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="12.[129,194,1350,1374]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1323]" captionTargetId="figure-237@12.[129,1473,144,1323]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 7. Oligocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region. Putative estuaries of origin for each Oligocene lineage are labelled.Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.3) are indicated as N4, N8, N12, and N13, showing hypothetical separations between lineages (for details, see main text, Table 2, and Fig.6). The base map is a reconstruction for 35 Mya (ending Late Eocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). Superimposed river drainages and estuaries are adapted from the study by Snedden and Galloway (2019). Details on the Chiapas region are from the study by Villagómez et al. (2022). Three putative dispersal events are illustrated: N8, cyprinodontid southward immigration founding FloridichthysJordanella pulchra on the Yucatán platform; N12, fundulid eastward immigration, including crossing the Suwanee Channel during sea-level recession, founding Leptolucania on the Ocala High; and N13, fundulid westward immigration founding LucaniaWileyichthys in the Río GrandeRío Bravo estuary, where it presumably co-occurred with Cyprinodontidae." pageId="9">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320AFFC6FB4BFA33790D532D" box="[1234,1292,1523,1547]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="12.[129,194,1350,1374]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1323]" captionTargetId="figure-237@12.[129,1473,144,1323]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 7. Oligocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region. Putative estuaries of origin for each Oligocene lineage are labelled.Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.3) are indicated as N4, N8, N12, and N13, showing hypothetical separations between lineages (for details, see main text, Table 2, and Fig.6). The base map is a reconstruction for 35 Mya (ending Late Eocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). Superimposed river drainages and estuaries are adapted from the study by Snedden and Galloway (2019). Details on the Chiapas region are from the study by Villagómez et al. (2022). Three putative dispersal events are illustrated: N8, cyprinodontid southward immigration founding FloridichthysJordanella pulchra on the Yucatán platform; N12, fundulid eastward immigration, including crossing the Suwanee Channel during sea-level recession, founding Leptolucania on the Ocala High; and N13, fundulid westward immigration founding LucaniaWileyichthys in the Río GrandeRío Bravo estuary, where it presumably co-occurred with Cyprinodontidae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508861/files/figure.png" pageId="9">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
). Divergence of Great Basin Empetrichthyinae from
<taxonomicName id="F5DFB0F8320AFFC6FB36F9D27920530D" box="[1199,1313,1554,1578]" family="Goodeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="9" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Goodeinae">Goodeinae</taxonomicName>
of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt and Sierra Madre 23.312.9 Mya (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320AFFC6FA14F9F17F36534E" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." pageId="9">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320AFFC6FA14F9F17F36534E" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508849/files/figure.png" pageId="9">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
, node 6;
<tableCitation id="7F5DFEC0320AFFC6FC02F9917FE7534E" box="[923,998,1617,1641]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2. Divergence estimates with confidence intervals (CIs) for numbered chronogram nodes (Fig.3) that are evaluated in this study. Environmental events potentially associated with phylogenetic divergences (reciprocal illumination) are provided.Further description is provided in the main text, with references." pageId="9">Table 2</tableCitation>
<tableCitation id="7F5DFEC0320AFFC6FC02F9917FE7534E" box="[923,998,1617,1641]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2. Divergence estimates with confidence intervals (CIs) for numbered chronogram nodes (Fig.3) that are evaluated in this study. Environmental events potentially associated with phylogenetic divergences (reciprocal illumination) are provided.Further description is provided in the main text, with references." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/66A09BF33205FFC9FF18FF4F7E0E55F8" pageId="9" tableUuid="66A09BF33205FFC9FF18FF4F7E0E55F8">Table 2</tableCitation>
) agrees with break-up of this drainage at the end of the Oligocene (
<bibRefCitation id="564EB68A320AFFC6FB8DF9B0793D53AF" author="Snedden JW &amp; Galloway WE" box="[1044,1340,1648,1672]" pageId="9" refId="ref20371" refString="Snedden JW, Galloway WE. The Gulf of Mexico Sedimentary Basin: Depositional Evolution and Petroleum Applications. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019." type="book" year="2019">Snedden and Galloway 2019</bibRefCitation>
). The great distance between northern (Empetrichthyinae) and southern (
@ -138,7 +141,7 @@ Beltrán-López
</bibRefCitation>
), potentially protected from invading fishes. It is also possible that remnant goodeid populations were present in the uninhabited region before European settlement, but disappeared owing to habitat destruction, dewatering, or invasive species associated with early European contact.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3260CB7B3209FFC5FF18F8EC7D2052BF" blockId="10.[129,1461,1836,1944]" pageId="10">
<emphasis id="00AB17693209FFC5FF18F8EC7CD95263" bold="true" box="[129,216,1836,1860]" pageId="10">Figure 5.</emphasis>
Reconstruction of ancestral areas for the North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae,
@ -158,7 +161,7 @@ Rico
). B, ancestral areas computed using the BAYAREALIKE+J model in BIOGEOBEARS.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="66A09BF33208FFC4FFE8FAAD7EFD539E" pageId="11" startId="11.[113,178,1389,1413]" targetBox="[114,1458,144,1361]" targetPageId="11" targetType="figure">
<caption id="66A09BF33208FFC4FFE8FAAD7EFD539E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508859" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14508859" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508859/files/figure.png" pageId="11" startId="11.[113,178,1389,1413]" targetBox="[114,1458,144,1361]" targetPageId="11" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="3260CB7B3208FFC4FFE8FAAD7EFD539E" blockId="11.[113,1456,1389,1721]" pageId="11">
<emphasis id="00AB17693208FFC4FFE8FAAD7CC850A2" bold="true" box="[113,201,1389,1413]" pageId="11">Figure 6.</emphasis>
EarlyMiddle Eocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region. Putative estuaries of origin for each Eocene lineage are labelled (Cypr. =
@ -200,7 +203,7 @@ in the north (N2) and Cubanichthyidae from
in the south (N3).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="66A09BF3320FFFC3FF18FA8679255305" pageId="12" startId="12.[129,194,1350,1374]" targetBox="[129,1473,144,1323]" targetPageId="12" targetType="figure">
<caption id="66A09BF3320FFFC3FF18FA8679255305" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508861" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14508861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508861/files/figure.png" pageId="12" startId="12.[129,194,1350,1374]" targetBox="[129,1473,144,1323]" targetPageId="12" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="3260CB7B320FFFC3FF18FA8679255305" blockId="12.[129,1468,1350,1571]" pageId="12">
<emphasis id="00AB1769320FFFC3FF18FA867CD95078" bold="true" box="[129,216,1350,1375]" pageId="12">Figure 7.</emphasis>
Oligocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region. Putative estuaries of origin for each Oligocene lineage are labelled. Phylogenetic nodes (Fig. 3) are indicated as N4, N8, N12, and N13, showing hypothetical separations between lineages (for details, see main text, Table 2, and Fig. 6). The base map is a reconstruction for 35 Mya (ending Late Eocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). Superimposed river drainages and estuaries are adapted from the study by
@ -266,7 +269,7 @@ Pérez-Rodríguez
via the Madrean River would have reached central
<collectingCountry id="4AC88BEB320FFFC3FF54F8AC7D1B52A3" box="[205,282,1900,1924]" name="Mexico" pageId="12">México</collectingCountry>
en route to the Great Basin (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320FFFC3FDA5F8AC7E7552A3" box="[572,628,1900,1924]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="12.[129,194,1350,1374]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1323]" captionTargetId="figure-237@12.[129,1473,144,1323]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 7. Oligocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region. Putative estuaries of origin for each Oligocene lineage are labelled.Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.3) are indicated as N4, N8, N12, and N13, showing hypothetical separations between lineages (for details, see main text, Table 2, and Fig.6). The base map is a reconstruction for 35 Mya (ending Late Eocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). Superimposed river drainages and estuaries are adapted from the study by Snedden and Galloway (2019). Details on the Chiapas region are from the study by Villagómez et al. (2022). Three putative dispersal events are illustrated: N8, cyprinodontid southward immigration founding FloridichthysJordanella pulchra on the Yucatán platform; N12, fundulid eastward immigration, including crossing the Suwanee Channel during sea-level recession, founding Leptolucania on the Ocala High; and N13, fundulid westward immigration founding LucaniaWileyichthys in the Río GrandeRío Bravo estuary, where it presumably co-occurred with Cyprinodontidae." pageId="12">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320FFFC3FDA5F8AC7E7552A3" box="[572,628,1900,1924]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="12.[129,194,1350,1374]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1323]" captionTargetId="figure-237@12.[129,1473,144,1323]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 7. Oligocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region. Putative estuaries of origin for each Oligocene lineage are labelled.Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.3) are indicated as N4, N8, N12, and N13, showing hypothetical separations between lineages (for details, see main text, Table 2, and Fig.6). The base map is a reconstruction for 35 Mya (ending Late Eocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). Superimposed river drainages and estuaries are adapted from the study by Snedden and Galloway (2019). Details on the Chiapas region are from the study by Villagómez et al. (2022). Three putative dispersal events are illustrated: N8, cyprinodontid southward immigration founding FloridichthysJordanella pulchra on the Yucatán platform; N12, fundulid eastward immigration, including crossing the Suwanee Channel during sea-level recession, founding Leptolucania on the Ocala High; and N13, fundulid westward immigration founding LucaniaWileyichthys in the Río GrandeRío Bravo estuary, where it presumably co-occurred with Cyprinodontidae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508861/files/figure.png" pageId="12">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
), not from the Great Basin. Separation of Empetrichthyinae from
<taxonomicName id="F5DFB0F8320FFFC3FD1BF84C7EF55283" box="[642,756,1932,1956]" family="Goodeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Goodeinae">Goodeinae</taxonomicName>
is attributable to vicariance during fragmentation of the Madrean River drainage, with Empetrichthyinae representing a relict lineage that has persisted in the Mojave Desert after reaching the region when the Madrean River extended from the Gulf Coast to the Basin and Range geomorphic province.
@ -281,11 +284,11 @@ Within
, divergence of CharacodontiniIllyodontini from crown
<taxonomicName id="F5DFB0F8320FFFC3FBD0F8AC78BA52A3" box="[1097,1211,1900,1924]" family="Goodeidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="12" phylum="Chordata" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Goodeinae">Goodeinae</taxonomicName>
16.810.3 Mya (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320FFFC3FAE7F8AC79BD52A2" box="[1406,1468,1900,1925]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." pageId="12">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320FFFC3FAE7F8AC79BD52A2" box="[1406,1468,1900,1925]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508849/files/figure.png" pageId="12">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
, node 7;
<tableCitation id="7F5DFEC0320FFFC3FC16F84C7FD85283" box="[911,985,1932,1956]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2. Divergence estimates with confidence intervals (CIs) for numbered chronogram nodes (Fig.3) that are evaluated in this study. Environmental events potentially associated with phylogenetic divergences (reciprocal illumination) are provided.Further description is provided in the main text, with references." pageId="12">Table 2</tableCitation>
<tableCitation id="7F5DFEC0320FFFC3FC16F84C7FD85283" box="[911,985,1932,1956]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2. Divergence estimates with confidence intervals (CIs) for numbered chronogram nodes (Fig.3) that are evaluated in this study. Environmental events potentially associated with phylogenetic divergences (reciprocal illumination) are provided.Further description is provided in the main text, with references." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/66A09BF33205FFC9FF18FF4F7E0E55F8" pageId="12" tableUuid="66A09BF33205FFC9FF18FF4F7E0E55F8">Table 2</tableCitation>
) appears to have been an eastwest divergence, possibly between ancestral ríos Nazas and Aguanaval (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320FFFC3FAEFF86B79B052E4" box="[1398,1457,1963,1987]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="14.[129,194,1478,1502]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1451]" captionTargetId="figure-7@14.[129,1473,144,1451]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 8. EarlyMiddle Miocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region.Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.3) are indicated as N5N7, N9N11, and N14N17, showing hypothetical separations between lineages (for details, see main text, Table 2, and Figs 6, 7). The Early Miocene Red River followed the Sabine route to an independent delta, potentially the estuary of origin for subgenus Fundulus, with subgenus Zygonectes arising in the Mississippi River estuary to the east (N15). The Red River joined the Mississippi River in the Middle Miocene.A Guadalupe River drainage emerged to the west in the EarlyMiddle Miocene, potentially the estuary of origin for the Fundulus similis species group, which diverged from subgenus Fundulus (N16). Widespread, sustained tectonism across southwestern North America isolated western tributaries from the Gulf of México, becoming endorheic drainages, some of which evidently harboured killifishes. Owing to a long history of tectonic activity, the details of these ancient endorheic drainages are unknown.Break-up of the Oligocene Río Grande drainage (Fig. 7) isolated Wileyichthys inland from Lucania (N14). Break-up of the Oligocene Madrean River drainage (Fig. 7) isolated Empetrichthyinae from Goodeinae (N6). Further break-up of the Madrean River separated Goodeinae from Characodontini-Illyodontini (N7). In the southern Gulf, capture of the upper Río Grijalva from an ancestral Río Coatzacoalcos isolated Profundulus from Tlaloc (N5). In the western Gulf, inland immigration of cyprinodontids resulted in peripheral isolates Cualac in the Río Pánuco (N9) and Megupsilon in the Late Miocene Río San Fernando (N11). The base map is a reconstruction for 20 Mya (Early Miocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). The narrowed Gulf Trough follows Popenoe (1990) for Early Miocene.Later sea-level rise flooded the trough and isolated the Ocala High as an island. Two putative dispersal events are illustrated: N10, cyprinodontid eastward coastal immigration, founding Jordanella floridae on the Ocala High; and N17, Fundulus inland immigration up the Mississippi River, founding Fundulus sciadicusPlancterus on the Northern High Plains." pageId="12">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320FFFC3FAEFF86B79B052E4" box="[1398,1457,1963,1987]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="14.[129,194,1478,1502]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1451]" captionTargetId="figure-7@14.[129,1473,144,1451]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 8. EarlyMiddle Miocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region.Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.3) are indicated as N5N7, N9N11, and N14N17, showing hypothetical separations between lineages (for details, see main text, Table 2, and Figs 6, 7). The Early Miocene Red River followed the Sabine route to an independent delta, potentially the estuary of origin for subgenus Fundulus, with subgenus Zygonectes arising in the Mississippi River estuary to the east (N15). The Red River joined the Mississippi River in the Middle Miocene.A Guadalupe River drainage emerged to the west in the EarlyMiddle Miocene, potentially the estuary of origin for the Fundulus similis species group, which diverged from subgenus Fundulus (N16). Widespread, sustained tectonism across southwestern North America isolated western tributaries from the Gulf of México, becoming endorheic drainages, some of which evidently harboured killifishes. Owing to a long history of tectonic activity, the details of these ancient endorheic drainages are unknown.Break-up of the Oligocene Río Grande drainage (Fig. 7) isolated Wileyichthys inland from Lucania (N14). Break-up of the Oligocene Madrean River drainage (Fig. 7) isolated Empetrichthyinae from Goodeinae (N6). Further break-up of the Madrean River separated Goodeinae from Characodontini-Illyodontini (N7). In the southern Gulf, capture of the upper Río Grijalva from an ancestral Río Coatzacoalcos isolated Profundulus from Tlaloc (N5). In the western Gulf, inland immigration of cyprinodontids resulted in peripheral isolates Cualac in the Río Pánuco (N9) and Megupsilon in the Late Miocene Río San Fernando (N11). The base map is a reconstruction for 20 Mya (Early Miocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). The narrowed Gulf Trough follows Popenoe (1990) for Early Miocene.Later sea-level rise flooded the trough and isolated the Ocala High as an island. Two putative dispersal events are illustrated: N10, cyprinodontid eastward coastal immigration, founding Jordanella floridae on the Ocala High; and N17, Fundulus inland immigration up the Mississippi River, founding Fundulus sciadicusPlancterus on the Northern High Plains." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508863" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508863/files/figure.png" pageId="12">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
). Reactivation of the San Marcos Fault 14.05.0 Mya and contemporary volcanism on the borders of the Mesa Central (
<bibRefCitation id="564EB68A320EFFC2FFE5FF0F7D8F55C1" author="Aranda-Gomez JJ &amp; Housh TB &amp; Luhr JF" box="[124,398,206,231]" pageId="13" pagination="509 - 21" refId="ref14468" refString="Aranda-Gomez JJ, Housh TB, Luhr JF et al. Reactivation of the San Marcos fault during mid-to-late Tertiary extension, Chihuahua, Mexico. Special Paper of the Geological Society of America 2005; 393: 509 - 21." type="journal article" year="2005">
Aranda-Gómez

View file

@ -1,56 +1,59 @@
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@ -63,7 +66,7 @@
The major node within
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30.714.2 Mya (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320AFFC6FAEBFE2979AC5726" box="[1394,1453,489,513]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." pageId="9">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320AFFC6FAEBFE2979AC5726" box="[1394,1453,489,513]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508849/files/figure.png" pageId="9">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
, node 5) separates
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@ -113,9 +116,9 @@ from
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, which probably arose in an ancestral Río Coatzacoalcos (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320AFFC6FAF3FC4079A356BF" box="[1386,1442,896,920]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="14.[129,194,1478,1502]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1451]" captionTargetId="figure-7@14.[129,1473,144,1451]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 8. EarlyMiddle Miocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region.Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.3) are indicated as N5N7, N9N11, and N14N17, showing hypothetical separations between lineages (for details, see main text, Table 2, and Figs 6, 7). The Early Miocene Red River followed the Sabine route to an independent delta, potentially the estuary of origin for subgenus Fundulus, with subgenus Zygonectes arising in the Mississippi River estuary to the east (N15). The Red River joined the Mississippi River in the Middle Miocene.A Guadalupe River drainage emerged to the west in the EarlyMiddle Miocene, potentially the estuary of origin for the Fundulus similis species group, which diverged from subgenus Fundulus (N16). Widespread, sustained tectonism across southwestern North America isolated western tributaries from the Gulf of México, becoming endorheic drainages, some of which evidently harboured killifishes. Owing to a long history of tectonic activity, the details of these ancient endorheic drainages are unknown.Break-up of the Oligocene Río Grande drainage (Fig. 7) isolated Wileyichthys inland from Lucania (N14). Break-up of the Oligocene Madrean River drainage (Fig. 7) isolated Empetrichthyinae from Goodeinae (N6). Further break-up of the Madrean River separated Goodeinae from Characodontini-Illyodontini (N7). In the southern Gulf, capture of the upper Río Grijalva from an ancestral Río Coatzacoalcos isolated Profundulus from Tlaloc (N5). In the western Gulf, inland immigration of cyprinodontids resulted in peripheral isolates Cualac in the Río Pánuco (N9) and Megupsilon in the Late Miocene Río San Fernando (N11). The base map is a reconstruction for 20 Mya (Early Miocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). The narrowed Gulf Trough follows Popenoe (1990) for Early Miocene.Later sea-level rise flooded the trough and isolated the Ocala High as an island. Two putative dispersal events are illustrated: N10, cyprinodontid eastward coastal immigration, founding Jordanella floridae on the Ocala High; and N17, Fundulus inland immigration up the Mississippi River, founding Fundulus sciadicusPlancterus on the Northern High Plains." pageId="9">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320AFFC6FAF3FC4079A356BF" box="[1386,1442,896,920]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="14.[129,194,1478,1502]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1451]" captionTargetId="figure-7@14.[129,1473,144,1451]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 8. EarlyMiddle Miocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region.Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.3) are indicated as N5N7, N9N11, and N14N17, showing hypothetical separations between lineages (for details, see main text, Table 2, and Figs 6, 7). The Early Miocene Red River followed the Sabine route to an independent delta, potentially the estuary of origin for subgenus Fundulus, with subgenus Zygonectes arising in the Mississippi River estuary to the east (N15). The Red River joined the Mississippi River in the Middle Miocene.A Guadalupe River drainage emerged to the west in the EarlyMiddle Miocene, potentially the estuary of origin for the Fundulus similis species group, which diverged from subgenus Fundulus (N16). Widespread, sustained tectonism across southwestern North America isolated western tributaries from the Gulf of México, becoming endorheic drainages, some of which evidently harboured killifishes. Owing to a long history of tectonic activity, the details of these ancient endorheic drainages are unknown.Break-up of the Oligocene Río Grande drainage (Fig. 7) isolated Wileyichthys inland from Lucania (N14). Break-up of the Oligocene Madrean River drainage (Fig. 7) isolated Empetrichthyinae from Goodeinae (N6). Further break-up of the Madrean River separated Goodeinae from Characodontini-Illyodontini (N7). In the southern Gulf, capture of the upper Río Grijalva from an ancestral Río Coatzacoalcos isolated Profundulus from Tlaloc (N5). In the western Gulf, inland immigration of cyprinodontids resulted in peripheral isolates Cualac in the Río Pánuco (N9) and Megupsilon in the Late Miocene Río San Fernando (N11). The base map is a reconstruction for 20 Mya (Early Miocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). The narrowed Gulf Trough follows Popenoe (1990) for Early Miocene.Later sea-level rise flooded the trough and isolated the Ocala High as an island. Two putative dispersal events are illustrated: N10, cyprinodontid eastward coastal immigration, founding Jordanella floridae on the Ocala High; and N17, Fundulus inland immigration up the Mississippi River, founding Fundulus sciadicusPlancterus on the Northern High Plains." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508863" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508863/files/figure.png" pageId="9">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
), provides an estimate for timing of this capture (
<tableCitation id="7F5DFEC0320AFFC6FA94FC5F79565690" box="[1293,1367,927,951]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2. Divergence estimates with confidence intervals (CIs) for numbered chronogram nodes (Fig.3) that are evaluated in this study. Environmental events potentially associated with phylogenetic divergences (reciprocal illumination) are provided.Further description is provided in the main text, with references." pageId="9">Table 2</tableCitation>
<tableCitation id="7F5DFEC0320AFFC6FA94FC5F79565690" box="[1293,1367,927,951]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2. Divergence estimates with confidence intervals (CIs) for numbered chronogram nodes (Fig.3) that are evaluated in this study. Environmental events potentially associated with phylogenetic divergences (reciprocal illumination) are provided.Further description is provided in the main text, with references." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/66A09BF33205FFC9FF18FF4F7E0E55F8" pageId="9" tableUuid="66A09BF33205FFC9FF18FF4F7E0E55F8">Table 2</tableCitation>
).
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@ -163,7 +166,7 @@ Massif (
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occurred thereafter (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320AFFC6FB1DFB3878C15037" box="[1156,1216,1272,1296]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." pageId="9">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320AFFC6FB1DFB3878C15037" box="[1156,1216,1272,1296]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508849/files/figure.png" pageId="9">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
), potentially from one refugial population.
</paragraph>
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As described above (Early branching of major lineages), Middle Eocene fundulids theoretically inhabited the Brazos River delta and flooded
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Embayment (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320CFFC0FD97FC817E4D567E" box="[526,588,833,857]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[113,178,1389,1413]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1361]" captionTargetId="figure-132@11.[114,1458,144,1361]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. EarlyMiddle Eocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region. Putative estuaries of origin for each Eocene lineage are labelled (Cypr. = Cyprinodontidae, Good.-Profund. = GoodeidaeProfundulidae).Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.2) are indicated as N1N3 (node 1node 3; for details, see main text and Table 2). The base map is a reconstruction for 50 Mya (late Early Eocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). The dashed line approximates the shore of an inland sea that is hypothesized to have formed 55.855.0 Mya (Early Eocene), at which time land would have surrounded the entire Gulf, separating it from the world ocean (Cossey et al. 2016), theoretically causing vicariance between northern and southern clades of North American killifishes (N1). Superimposed drainages and estuaries are adapted from the work of Snedden and Galloway (2019). Details on southwestern Gulf tributaries are from studies by Snedden et al. (2018) and Cossey et al. (2021). Alternate routes to the Gulf are shown for the Madrean River, a Tamaulipas route (Early Eocene), and a Río Bravo route (Middle Eocene). The ancestor of Goodeidae is hypothesized to have populated this drainage via the Early Eocene Tamaulipas route.High sea levels of the Early Eocene presumably allowed widespread dispersal within northern and southern regions, whereas sea-level falls in the early Middle Eocene potentially separated Cyprinodontidae from Fundulidae in the north (N2) and Cubanichthyidae from GoodeidaeProfundulidae in the south (N3)." pageId="15">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320CFFC0FD97FC817E4D567E" box="[526,588,833,857]" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="11.[113,178,1389,1413]" captionTargetBox="[114,1458,144,1361]" captionTargetId="figure-132@11.[114,1458,144,1361]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 6. EarlyMiddle Eocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region. Putative estuaries of origin for each Eocene lineage are labelled (Cypr. = Cyprinodontidae, Good.-Profund. = GoodeidaeProfundulidae).Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.2) are indicated as N1N3 (node 1node 3; for details, see main text and Table 2). The base map is a reconstruction for 50 Mya (late Early Eocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). The dashed line approximates the shore of an inland sea that is hypothesized to have formed 55.855.0 Mya (Early Eocene), at which time land would have surrounded the entire Gulf, separating it from the world ocean (Cossey et al. 2016), theoretically causing vicariance between northern and southern clades of North American killifishes (N1). Superimposed drainages and estuaries are adapted from the work of Snedden and Galloway (2019). Details on southwestern Gulf tributaries are from studies by Snedden et al. (2018) and Cossey et al. (2021). Alternate routes to the Gulf are shown for the Madrean River, a Tamaulipas route (Early Eocene), and a Río Bravo route (Middle Eocene). The ancestor of Goodeidae is hypothesized to have populated this drainage via the Early Eocene Tamaulipas route.High sea levels of the Early Eocene presumably allowed widespread dispersal within northern and southern regions, whereas sea-level falls in the early Middle Eocene potentially separated Cyprinodontidae from Fundulidae in the north (N2) and Cubanichthyidae from GoodeidaeProfundulidae in the south (N3)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508859" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508859/files/figure.png" pageId="15">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
). Late Eocene Oligocene divergence of
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39.422.5 Mya (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320CFFC0FF29FC407CEB56BF" box="[176,234,896,920]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." pageId="15">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320CFFC0FF29FC407CEB56BF" box="[176,234,896,920]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508849/files/figure.png" pageId="15">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
, node 12) suggests eastward immigration of an ancestral fundulid across the Suwannee Channel to the Ocala High (
<tableCitation id="7F5DFEC0320CFFC0FFE5FC7F7CCB56F0" box="[124,202,959,983]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2. Divergence estimates with confidence intervals (CIs) for numbered chronogram nodes (Fig.3) that are evaluated in this study. Environmental events potentially associated with phylogenetic divergences (reciprocal illumination) are provided.Further description is provided in the main text, with references." pageId="15">Table 2</tableCitation>
<tableCitation id="7F5DFEC0320CFFC0FFE5FC7F7CCB56F0" box="[124,202,959,983]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2. Divergence estimates with confidence intervals (CIs) for numbered chronogram nodes (Fig.3) that are evaluated in this study. Environmental events potentially associated with phylogenetic divergences (reciprocal illumination) are provided.Further description is provided in the main text, with references." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/66A09BF33205FFC9FF18FF4F7E0E55F8" pageId="15" tableUuid="66A09BF33205FFC9FF18FF4F7E0E55F8">Table 2</tableCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320CFFC0FF40FC7F7D1556F1" box="[217,276,959,983]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="12.[129,194,1350,1374]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1323]" captionTargetId="figure-237@12.[129,1473,144,1323]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 7. Oligocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region. Putative estuaries of origin for each Oligocene lineage are labelled.Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.3) are indicated as N4, N8, N12, and N13, showing hypothetical separations between lineages (for details, see main text, Table 2, and Fig.6). The base map is a reconstruction for 35 Mya (ending Late Eocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). Superimposed river drainages and estuaries are adapted from the study by Snedden and Galloway (2019). Details on the Chiapas region are from the study by Villagómez et al. (2022). Three putative dispersal events are illustrated: N8, cyprinodontid southward immigration founding FloridichthysJordanella pulchra on the Yucatán platform; N12, fundulid eastward immigration, including crossing the Suwanee Channel during sea-level recession, founding Leptolucania on the Ocala High; and N13, fundulid westward immigration founding LucaniaWileyichthys in the Río GrandeRío Bravo estuary, where it presumably co-occurred with Cyprinodontidae." pageId="15">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320CFFC0FF40FC7F7D1556F1" box="[217,276,959,983]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="12.[129,194,1350,1374]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1323]" captionTargetId="figure-237@12.[129,1473,144,1323]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 7. Oligocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region. Putative estuaries of origin for each Oligocene lineage are labelled.Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.3) are indicated as N4, N8, N12, and N13, showing hypothetical separations between lineages (for details, see main text, Table 2, and Fig.6). The base map is a reconstruction for 35 Mya (ending Late Eocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). Superimposed river drainages and estuaries are adapted from the study by Snedden and Galloway (2019). Details on the Chiapas region are from the study by Villagómez et al. (2022). Three putative dispersal events are illustrated: N8, cyprinodontid southward immigration founding FloridichthysJordanella pulchra on the Yucatán platform; N12, fundulid eastward immigration, including crossing the Suwanee Channel during sea-level recession, founding Leptolucania on the Ocala High; and N13, fundulid westward immigration founding LucaniaWileyichthys in the Río GrandeRío Bravo estuary, where it presumably co-occurred with Cyprinodontidae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508861/files/figure.png" pageId="15">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
), which developed peritidal landforms by this time (Avon Park and Ocala formations;
<bibRefCitation id="564EB68A320CFFC0FDBAFC1E7CA45132" author="Randazzo AF &amp; Jones DS" pageId="15" pagination="39 - 56" refId="ref19538" refString="Randazzo AF, Jones DS. The sedimentary platform of Florida: Mesozoic to Cenozoic. In: Randazzo AF, Jones DS (eds), The Geology of Florida. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 1997, 39 - 56." type="book chapter" year="1997">Randazzo and Jones 1997</bibRefCitation>
,
@ -123,7 +126,7 @@ subgenus
<emphasis id="00AB1769320CFFC0FD19FA557EFB508A" box="[640,762,1429,1453]" italics="true" pageId="15">Wileyichthys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320CFFC0FFE5FA747CB850EB" box="[124,185,1460,1484]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." pageId="15">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320CFFC0FFE5FA747CB850EB" box="[124,185,1460,1484]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508849/files/figure.png" pageId="15">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). This is contrary to the work of
<bibRefCitation id="564EB68A320CFFC0FDB0FA747CBD50CC" author="Ghedotti MJ &amp; Davis MP" pageId="15" pagination="577 - 86" refId="ref16637" refString="Ghedotti MJ, Davis MP. The taxonomic placement of three fossil Fundulus species and the timing of divergence within the North American topminnows (Teleostei: Fundulidae). Zootaxa 2017; 4250: 577 - 86. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4250.6.5" type="journal article" year="2017">Ghedotti and Davis (2017)</bibRefCitation>
, who recovered
@ -177,7 +180,7 @@ is the earliest diverging lineage of
<emphasis id="00AB1769320CFFC0FD3CF9507EF55380" box="[677,756,1680,1703]" italics="true" pageId="15">Lucania</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, we propose (following
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320CFFC0FEF6F96F7DAF53E0" box="[367,430,1711,1735]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." pageId="15">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320CFFC0FEF6F96F7DAF53E0" box="[367,430,1711,1735]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508849/files/figure.png" pageId="15">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
) that the MRCA of
<emphasis id="00AB1769320CFFC0FD04F96F7CEA53C1" italics="true" pageId="15">
<taxonomicName id="F5DFB0F8320CFFC0FD04F96F7EEC53E1" authorityName="Girard" authorityYear="1860" box="[669,749,1711,1734]" family="Fundulidae" genus="Lucania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Lucania</taxonomicName>
@ -185,9 +188,9 @@ is the earliest diverging lineage of
<taxonomicName id="F5DFB0F8320CFFC0FFE8F90E7CEA53C1" authorityName="Ghedotti &amp; Davis" authorityYear="2013" box="[113,235,1742,1766]" family="Fundulidae" genus="Wileyichthys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Wileyichthys</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
originated from range expansion of fundulids westwards from the Brazos delta to the Río Grande-Río Bravo delta 31.319.1 Mya (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320CFFC0FE85F8CD7D545202" box="[284,341,1805,1829]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." pageId="15">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320CFFC0FE85F8CD7D545202" box="[284,341,1805,1829]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508849/files/figure.png" pageId="15">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
, node 13;
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320CFFC0FE5BF8CD7DFB5203" box="[450,506,1805,1829]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="12.[129,194,1350,1374]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1323]" captionTargetId="figure-237@12.[129,1473,144,1323]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 7. Oligocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region. Putative estuaries of origin for each Oligocene lineage are labelled.Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.3) are indicated as N4, N8, N12, and N13, showing hypothetical separations between lineages (for details, see main text, Table 2, and Fig.6). The base map is a reconstruction for 35 Mya (ending Late Eocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). Superimposed river drainages and estuaries are adapted from the study by Snedden and Galloway (2019). Details on the Chiapas region are from the study by Villagómez et al. (2022). Three putative dispersal events are illustrated: N8, cyprinodontid southward immigration founding FloridichthysJordanella pulchra on the Yucatán platform; N12, fundulid eastward immigration, including crossing the Suwanee Channel during sea-level recession, founding Leptolucania on the Ocala High; and N13, fundulid westward immigration founding LucaniaWileyichthys in the Río GrandeRío Bravo estuary, where it presumably co-occurred with Cyprinodontidae." pageId="15">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320CFFC0FE5BF8CD7DFB5203" box="[450,506,1805,1829]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="12.[129,194,1350,1374]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1323]" captionTargetId="figure-237@12.[129,1473,144,1323]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 7. Oligocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region. Putative estuaries of origin for each Oligocene lineage are labelled.Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.3) are indicated as N4, N8, N12, and N13, showing hypothetical separations between lineages (for details, see main text, Table 2, and Fig.6). The base map is a reconstruction for 35 Mya (ending Late Eocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). Superimposed river drainages and estuaries are adapted from the study by Snedden and Galloway (2019). Details on the Chiapas region are from the study by Villagómez et al. (2022). Three putative dispersal events are illustrated: N8, cyprinodontid southward immigration founding FloridichthysJordanella pulchra on the Yucatán platform; N12, fundulid eastward immigration, including crossing the Suwanee Channel during sea-level recession, founding Leptolucania on the Ocala High; and N13, fundulid westward immigration founding LucaniaWileyichthys in the Río GrandeRío Bravo estuary, where it presumably co-occurred with Cyprinodontidae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508861/files/figure.png" pageId="15">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
). During this time, there were sea-level falls of
<quantity id="F527669E320CFFC0FED7F8EC7DAA5264" box="[334,427,1836,1860]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="15" unit="m" value="35.0" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="30.0">3040 m</quantity>
below modern sea level approximately every 1.2 Mya (
@ -217,7 +220,7 @@ Boulila
<taxonomicName id="F5DFB0F8320CFFC0FB8CFF0F788E55C0" authorityName="Ghedotti &amp; Davis" authorityYear="2013" box="[1045,1167,207,231]" family="Fundulidae" genus="Wileyichthys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Wileyichthys</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
(
<tableCitation id="7F5DFEC0320CFFC0FB07FF0F78E855C0" box="[1182,1257,207,231]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2. Divergence estimates with confidence intervals (CIs) for numbered chronogram nodes (Fig.3) that are evaluated in this study. Environmental events potentially associated with phylogenetic divergences (reciprocal illumination) are provided.Further description is provided in the main text, with references." pageId="15">Table 2</tableCitation>
<tableCitation id="7F5DFEC0320CFFC0FB07FF0F78E855C0" box="[1182,1257,207,231]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2. Divergence estimates with confidence intervals (CIs) for numbered chronogram nodes (Fig.3) that are evaluated in this study. Environmental events potentially associated with phylogenetic divergences (reciprocal illumination) are provided.Further description is provided in the main text, with references." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/66A09BF33205FFC9FF18FF4F7E0E55F8" pageId="15" tableUuid="66A09BF33205FFC9FF18FF4F7E0E55F8">Table 2</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3260CB7B320CFFC0FCDCFF2E78ED5112" blockId="15.[809,1461,144,1986]" pageId="15">
@ -232,7 +235,7 @@ presumably immigrated into the ancestral Río Grande drainage. This massive rive
) and appears to have been the only Cenozoic route to the southern Basin and Range from the western Gulf of
<collectingRegion id="F01B0599320CFFC0FB45FE6A792854E5" box="[1244,1321,426,450]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="15">México</collectingRegion>
(
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320CFFC0FAA1FE6A797054E6" box="[1336,1393,426,450]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="12.[129,194,1350,1374]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1323]" captionTargetId="figure-237@12.[129,1473,144,1323]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 7. Oligocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region. Putative estuaries of origin for each Oligocene lineage are labelled.Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.3) are indicated as N4, N8, N12, and N13, showing hypothetical separations between lineages (for details, see main text, Table 2, and Fig.6). The base map is a reconstruction for 35 Mya (ending Late Eocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). Superimposed river drainages and estuaries are adapted from the study by Snedden and Galloway (2019). Details on the Chiapas region are from the study by Villagómez et al. (2022). Three putative dispersal events are illustrated: N8, cyprinodontid southward immigration founding FloridichthysJordanella pulchra on the Yucatán platform; N12, fundulid eastward immigration, including crossing the Suwanee Channel during sea-level recession, founding Leptolucania on the Ocala High; and N13, fundulid westward immigration founding LucaniaWileyichthys in the Río GrandeRío Bravo estuary, where it presumably co-occurred with Cyprinodontidae." pageId="15">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320CFFC0FAA1FE6A797054E6" box="[1336,1393,426,450]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="12.[129,194,1350,1374]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1323]" captionTargetId="figure-237@12.[129,1473,144,1323]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 7. Oligocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region. Putative estuaries of origin for each Oligocene lineage are labelled.Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.3) are indicated as N4, N8, N12, and N13, showing hypothetical separations between lineages (for details, see main text, Table 2, and Fig.6). The base map is a reconstruction for 35 Mya (ending Late Eocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). Superimposed river drainages and estuaries are adapted from the study by Snedden and Galloway (2019). Details on the Chiapas region are from the study by Villagómez et al. (2022). Three putative dispersal events are illustrated: N8, cyprinodontid southward immigration founding FloridichthysJordanella pulchra on the Yucatán platform; N12, fundulid eastward immigration, including crossing the Suwanee Channel during sea-level recession, founding Leptolucania on the Ocala High; and N13, fundulid westward immigration founding LucaniaWileyichthys in the Río GrandeRío Bravo estuary, where it presumably co-occurred with Cyprinodontidae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508861/files/figure.png" pageId="15">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
). This geographical scenario comes with relatively strict time constraints. Divergence of
<taxonomicName id="F5DFB0F8320CFFC0FB8EFE2978905726" authorityName="Ghedotti &amp; Davis" authorityYear="2013" box="[1047,1169,489,513]" family="Fundulidae" genus="Wileyichthys" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="00AB1769320CFFC0FB8EFE2978905726" box="[1047,1169,489,513]" italics="true" pageId="15">Wileyichthys</emphasis>
@ -248,9 +251,9 @@ must have occurred when Basin and Range drainages became disconnected from the R
<emphasis id="00AB1769320CFFC0FB85FDA678975759" box="[1052,1174,614,638]" italics="true" pageId="15">Wileyichthys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320CFFC0FB31FDA678E25759" box="[1192,1251,614,638]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." pageId="15">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320CFFC0FB31FDA678E25759" box="[1192,1251,614,638]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508849/files/figure.png" pageId="15">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
, node 14;
<tableCitation id="7F5DFEC0320CFFC0FACCFDA679A35759" box="[1365,1442,614,638]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2. Divergence estimates with confidence intervals (CIs) for numbered chronogram nodes (Fig.3) that are evaluated in this study. Environmental events potentially associated with phylogenetic divergences (reciprocal illumination) are provided.Further description is provided in the main text, with references." pageId="15">Table 2</tableCitation>
<tableCitation id="7F5DFEC0320CFFC0FACCFDA679A35759" box="[1365,1442,614,638]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2. Divergence estimates with confidence intervals (CIs) for numbered chronogram nodes (Fig.3) that are evaluated in this study. Environmental events potentially associated with phylogenetic divergences (reciprocal illumination) are provided.Further description is provided in the main text, with references." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/66A09BF33205FFC9FF18FF4F7E0E55F8" pageId="15" tableUuid="66A09BF33205FFC9FF18FF4F7E0E55F8">Table 2</tableCitation>
). Fossil
<taxonomicName id="F5DFB0F8320CFFC0FCF5FD457FC757BA" authorityName="Lacepede" authorityYear="1803" box="[876,966,645,669]" family="Fundulidae" genus="Fundulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="00AB1769320CFFC0FCF5FD457FC757BA" box="[876,966,645,669]" italics="true" pageId="15">Fundulus</emphasis>
@ -293,9 +296,9 @@ crown group separated subgenus
<emphasis id="00AB1769320CFFC0FC08FB9B7FEA5154" box="[913,1003,1115,1139]" italics="true" pageId="15">Fundulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as a clade 24.217.1 Mya (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320CFFC0FA97FB9B79495154" box="[1294,1352,1115,1139]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." pageId="15">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320CFFC0FA97FB9B79495154" box="[1294,1352,1115,1139]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508849/files/figure.png" pageId="15">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
, node 15;
<tableCitation id="7F5DFEC0320CFFC0FCB3FBBB7F7451B4" box="[810,885,1147,1171]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2. Divergence estimates with confidence intervals (CIs) for numbered chronogram nodes (Fig.3) that are evaluated in this study. Environmental events potentially associated with phylogenetic divergences (reciprocal illumination) are provided.Further description is provided in the main text, with references." pageId="15">Table 2</tableCitation>
<tableCitation id="7F5DFEC0320CFFC0FCB3FBBB7F7451B4" box="[810,885,1147,1171]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2. Divergence estimates with confidence intervals (CIs) for numbered chronogram nodes (Fig.3) that are evaluated in this study. Environmental events potentially associated with phylogenetic divergences (reciprocal illumination) are provided.Further description is provided in the main text, with references." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/66A09BF33205FFC9FF18FF4F7E0E55F8" pageId="15" tableUuid="66A09BF33205FFC9FF18FF4F7E0E55F8">Table 2</tableCitation>
). An eastward shift of the Oligocene Brazos River at the OligoceneMiocene transition (23 Mya) from its existing delta to form a new Red River delta relatively close to the
<collectingRegion id="F01B0599320CFFC0FADBFB7979B551F6" box="[1346,1460,1209,1233]" country="United States of America" name="Mississippi" pageId="15">Mississippi</collectingRegion>
River delta (present Sabine River delta;
@ -350,7 +353,7 @@ River delta, because
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(node 18) has a Mississippian distribution and is the westernmost lineage on this branch (
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<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320CFFC0FA14F94F7F3653E0" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="14.[129,194,1478,1502]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1451]" captionTargetId="figure-7@14.[129,1473,144,1451]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 8. EarlyMiddle Miocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region.Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.3) are indicated as N5N7, N9N11, and N14N17, showing hypothetical separations between lineages (for details, see main text, Table 2, and Figs 6, 7). The Early Miocene Red River followed the Sabine route to an independent delta, potentially the estuary of origin for subgenus Fundulus, with subgenus Zygonectes arising in the Mississippi River estuary to the east (N15). The Red River joined the Mississippi River in the Middle Miocene.A Guadalupe River drainage emerged to the west in the EarlyMiddle Miocene, potentially the estuary of origin for the Fundulus similis species group, which diverged from subgenus Fundulus (N16). Widespread, sustained tectonism across southwestern North America isolated western tributaries from the Gulf of México, becoming endorheic drainages, some of which evidently harboured killifishes. Owing to a long history of tectonic activity, the details of these ancient endorheic drainages are unknown.Break-up of the Oligocene Río Grande drainage (Fig. 7) isolated Wileyichthys inland from Lucania (N14). Break-up of the Oligocene Madrean River drainage (Fig. 7) isolated Empetrichthyinae from Goodeinae (N6). Further break-up of the Madrean River separated Goodeinae from Characodontini-Illyodontini (N7). In the southern Gulf, capture of the upper Río Grijalva from an ancestral Río Coatzacoalcos isolated Profundulus from Tlaloc (N5). In the western Gulf, inland immigration of cyprinodontids resulted in peripheral isolates Cualac in the Río Pánuco (N9) and Megupsilon in the Late Miocene Río San Fernando (N11). The base map is a reconstruction for 20 Mya (Early Miocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). The narrowed Gulf Trough follows Popenoe (1990) for Early Miocene.Later sea-level rise flooded the trough and isolated the Ocala High as an island. Two putative dispersal events are illustrated: N10, cyprinodontid eastward coastal immigration, founding Jordanella floridae on the Ocala High; and N17, Fundulus inland immigration up the Mississippi River, founding Fundulus sciadicusPlancterus on the Northern High Plains." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508863" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508863/files/figure.png" pageId="15">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
). By default, this implies that subgenus
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@ -360,7 +363,7 @@ descends from fundulids that immigrated into the
delta, then diverged into a separate lineage during sea-level recession. Later abandonment of the
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delta (
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), which merged with the
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River delta 15 Mya (

View file

@ -1,56 +1,59 @@
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<subSubSection id="7AC598F0320EFFC2FEFFFD9F7E07575E" box="[358,518,607,633]" pageId="13" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="3260CB7B320EFFC2FEFFFD9F7E07575E" blockId="13.[113,764,607,1985]" box="[358,518,607,633]" pageId="13">
<taxonomicName id="F5DFB0F8320EFFC2FEFFFD9F7E07575E" ID-CoL="8WF" box="[358,518,607,633]" family="Cyprinodontidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">
@ -67,9 +70,9 @@ Divergence of the MRCA of
<taxonomicName id="F5DFB0F8320EFFC2FDB2FD457E8A57BA" baseAuthorityName="Hubbs" baseAuthorityYear="1936" box="[555,651,645,669]" family="Cyprinodontidae" genus="Jordanella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulchra">J. pulchra</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
42.321.6 Mya (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320EFFC2FF2AFD657CEF579A" box="[179,238,677,701]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." pageId="13">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320EFFC2FF2AFD657CEF579A" box="[179,238,677,701]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508849/files/figure.png" pageId="13">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
, node 8;
<tableCitation id="7F5DFEC0320EFFC2FEC1FD657DA7579A" box="[344,422,677,701]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2. Divergence estimates with confidence intervals (CIs) for numbered chronogram nodes (Fig.3) that are evaluated in this study. Environmental events potentially associated with phylogenetic divergences (reciprocal illumination) are provided.Further description is provided in the main text, with references." pageId="13">Table 2</tableCitation>
<tableCitation id="7F5DFEC0320EFFC2FEC1FD657DA7579A" box="[344,422,677,701]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2. Divergence estimates with confidence intervals (CIs) for numbered chronogram nodes (Fig.3) that are evaluated in this study. Environmental events potentially associated with phylogenetic divergences (reciprocal illumination) are provided.Further description is provided in the main text, with references." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/66A09BF33205FFC9FF18FF4F7E0E55F8" pageId="13" tableUuid="66A09BF33205FFC9FF18FF4F7E0E55F8">Table 2</tableCitation>
) is consistent with our hypothesis that
<taxonomicName id="F5DFB0F8320EFFC2FF57FD047D7E57FB" box="[206,383,708,732]" family="Cyprinodontidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Cyprinodontidae</taxonomicName>
originated in the northwestern Gulf (above). This divergence estimate spans a dramatic cooling event at the EoceneOligocene boundary 33.9 Mya, which initiated the Oligocene icehouse climate that lasted until ~26 Mya (
@ -87,7 +90,7 @@ Miller
). Sustained icehouse conditions possibly facilitated southward invasion of Nearctic
<taxonomicName id="F5DFB0F8320EFFC2FFE8FC407D2356BF" box="[113,290,896,920]" family="Cyprinodontidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Cyprinodontidae</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320EFFC2FEA8FC407D6656B0" box="[305,359,896,920]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="12.[129,194,1350,1374]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1323]" captionTargetId="figure-237@12.[129,1473,144,1323]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 7. Oligocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region. Putative estuaries of origin for each Oligocene lineage are labelled.Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.3) are indicated as N4, N8, N12, and N13, showing hypothetical separations between lineages (for details, see main text, Table 2, and Fig.6). The base map is a reconstruction for 35 Mya (ending Late Eocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). Superimposed river drainages and estuaries are adapted from the study by Snedden and Galloway (2019). Details on the Chiapas region are from the study by Villagómez et al. (2022). Three putative dispersal events are illustrated: N8, cyprinodontid southward immigration founding FloridichthysJordanella pulchra on the Yucatán platform; N12, fundulid eastward immigration, including crossing the Suwanee Channel during sea-level recession, founding Leptolucania on the Ocala High; and N13, fundulid westward immigration founding LucaniaWileyichthys in the Río GrandeRío Bravo estuary, where it presumably co-occurred with Cyprinodontidae." pageId="13">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320EFFC2FEA8FC407D6656B0" box="[305,359,896,920]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="12.[129,194,1350,1374]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1323]" captionTargetId="figure-237@12.[129,1473,144,1323]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 7. Oligocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region. Putative estuaries of origin for each Oligocene lineage are labelled.Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.3) are indicated as N4, N8, N12, and N13, showing hypothetical separations between lineages (for details, see main text, Table 2, and Fig.6). The base map is a reconstruction for 35 Mya (ending Late Eocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). Superimposed river drainages and estuaries are adapted from the study by Snedden and Galloway (2019). Details on the Chiapas region are from the study by Villagómez et al. (2022). Three putative dispersal events are illustrated: N8, cyprinodontid southward immigration founding FloridichthysJordanella pulchra on the Yucatán platform; N12, fundulid eastward immigration, including crossing the Suwanee Channel during sea-level recession, founding Leptolucania on the Ocala High; and N13, fundulid westward immigration founding LucaniaWileyichthys in the Río GrandeRío Bravo estuary, where it presumably co-occurred with Cyprinodontidae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508861/files/figure.png" pageId="13">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
), consistent with predictions of the intothe-tropics paradigm (
<bibRefCitation id="564EB68A320EFFC2FEC0FC5F7DC25690" author="Vrba ES" box="[345,451,927,951]" pageId="13" pagination="24 - 45" refId="ref20833" refString="Vrba ES. On the connections between paleoclimate and evolution. In: Vrba ES, Denton GH, Partridge TC, et al. (eds), Paleoclimate and Evolution, with Emphasis on Human Origins. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1995, 24 - 45." type="book chapter" year="1995">Vrba 1995</bibRefCitation>
,
@ -99,7 +102,7 @@ Eronen
,
<bibRefCitation id="564EB68A320EFFC2FD0FFC607D4E56F0" author="Meseguer AS &amp; Condamine FL" pageId="13" pagination="1966 - 87" refId="ref18191" refString="Meseguer AS, Condamine FL. Ancient tropical extinctions at high latitudes contributed to the latitudinal diversity gradient. Evolution 2020; 74: 1966 - 87." type="journal article" year="2020">Meseguer and Condamine 2020</bibRefCitation>
) and with our ancestral-areas analysis that included the potential for jump dispersal between realms (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320EFFC2FD4DFC1E7C7F5132" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="10.[129,194,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[212,1390,147,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-7@10.[209,1393,144,1808]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 5. Reconstruction of ancestral areas for the North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae.A, distribution of North American killifishes divided as Nearctic = A and Neotropical = B, with the boundary between realms being the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt (Rico et al.2022). B, ancestral areas computed using the BAYAREALIKE+J model in BIOGEOBEARS." pageId="13">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320EFFC2FD4DFC1E7C7F5132" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="10.[129,194,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[212,1390,147,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-7@10.[209,1393,144,1808]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 5. Reconstruction of ancestral areas for the North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae.A, distribution of North American killifishes divided as Nearctic = A and Neotropical = B, with the boundary between realms being the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt (Rico et al.2022). B, ancestral areas computed using the BAYAREALIKE+J model in BIOGEOBEARS." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508855/files/figure.png" pageId="13">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
). The point estimate for this divergence (31.8 Mya) is aligned with Oligocene isotope zone 1b (abbreviated Oi1b), dated 31.8 Mya (
<bibRefCitation id="564EB68A320EFFC2FF29FBFC7D6B5173" author="Boulila S &amp; Galbrun B &amp; Miller KG" box="[176,362,1084,1108]" pageId="13" pagination="94 - 112" refId="ref14904" refString="Boulila S, Galbrun B, Miller KG et al. On the origin of Cenozoic and Mesozoic ' third-order' eustatic sequences. Earth-Science Reviews 2011; 109: 94 - 112. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. earscirev. 2011.09.003" type="journal article" year="2011">
Boulila
@ -206,7 +209,7 @@ Villagómez
2022
</bibRefCitation>
) could have provided suitable habitats (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320EFFC2FF48F8697D0852E6" box="[209,265,1961,1985]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="12.[129,194,1350,1374]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1323]" captionTargetId="figure-237@12.[129,1473,144,1323]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 7. Oligocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region. Putative estuaries of origin for each Oligocene lineage are labelled.Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.3) are indicated as N4, N8, N12, and N13, showing hypothetical separations between lineages (for details, see main text, Table 2, and Fig.6). The base map is a reconstruction for 35 Mya (ending Late Eocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). Superimposed river drainages and estuaries are adapted from the study by Snedden and Galloway (2019). Details on the Chiapas region are from the study by Villagómez et al. (2022). Three putative dispersal events are illustrated: N8, cyprinodontid southward immigration founding FloridichthysJordanella pulchra on the Yucatán platform; N12, fundulid eastward immigration, including crossing the Suwanee Channel during sea-level recession, founding Leptolucania on the Ocala High; and N13, fundulid westward immigration founding LucaniaWileyichthys in the Río GrandeRío Bravo estuary, where it presumably co-occurred with Cyprinodontidae." pageId="13">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320EFFC2FF48F8697D0852E6" box="[209,265,1961,1985]" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="12.[129,194,1350,1374]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1323]" captionTargetId="figure-237@12.[129,1473,144,1323]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="Figure 7. Oligocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region. Putative estuaries of origin for each Oligocene lineage are labelled.Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.3) are indicated as N4, N8, N12, and N13, showing hypothetical separations between lineages (for details, see main text, Table 2, and Fig.6). The base map is a reconstruction for 35 Mya (ending Late Eocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). Superimposed river drainages and estuaries are adapted from the study by Snedden and Galloway (2019). Details on the Chiapas region are from the study by Villagómez et al. (2022). Three putative dispersal events are illustrated: N8, cyprinodontid southward immigration founding FloridichthysJordanella pulchra on the Yucatán platform; N12, fundulid eastward immigration, including crossing the Suwanee Channel during sea-level recession, founding Leptolucania on the Ocala High; and N13, fundulid westward immigration founding LucaniaWileyichthys in the Río GrandeRío Bravo estuary, where it presumably co-occurred with Cyprinodontidae." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508861" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508861/files/figure.png" pageId="13">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
). However,
<emphasis id="00AB1769320EFFC2FE1CF8697E6D52E6" box="[389,620,1961,1985]" italics="true" pageId="13">
<taxonomicName id="F5DFB0F8320EFFC2FE1CF8697E0252E6" authorityName="Hubbs" authorityYear="1926" box="[389,515,1961,1985]" family="Cyprinodontidae" genus="Floridichthys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Floridichthys</taxonomicName>
@ -214,7 +217,7 @@ Villagómez
<taxonomicName id="F5DFB0F8320EFFC2FD88F86A7E6D52E6" baseAuthorityName="Hubbs" baseAuthorityYear="1936" box="[529,620,1961,1985]" family="Cyprinodontidae" genus="Jordanella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pulchra">J. pulchra</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
has uncertain phylogenetic placement (compare
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320EFFC2FB15FF5078C4558F" box="[1164,1221,144,168]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." pageId="13">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320EFFC2FB15FF5078C4558F" box="[1164,1221,144,168]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508849/files/figure.png" pageId="13">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
with
<bibRefCitation id="564EB68A320EFFC2FB66FF5079A3558F" author="Piller KR &amp; Parker E &amp; Lemmon AR" box="[1279,1442,144,168]" pageId="13" refId="ref19125" refString="Piller KR, Parker E, Lemmon AR et al. Investigating the utility of anchored hybrid enrichment data to investigate the relationships among the killifishes (Actinopterygii: Cyprinodontiformes), a globally distributed group of fishes. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 2022; 173: 107482. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2022.107482" type="journal volume" year="2022">
Piller
@ -231,7 +234,7 @@ Miller,
<quantity id="F527669E320EFFC2FAE6FF0E79B255C1" box="[1407,1459,206,230]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.96824" pageId="13" unit="in" value="1956.0">1956</quantity>
</taxonomicName>
in the Río Pánuco 29.914.6 Mya (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320EFFC2FB0AFF2E78CD5421" box="[1171,1228,238,262]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." pageId="13">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320EFFC2FB0AFF2E78CD5421" box="[1171,1228,238,262]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508849/files/figure.png" pageId="13">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
, node 9) provides further support to the hypothesis that ancestral cyprinodontids inhabited the western Gulf Coast in the Oligocene. Presence of a nascent Río Pánuco (
<bibRefCitation id="564EB68A320EFFC2FB92FE8C791D5443" author="Beltran-Trivino A &amp; Martens UC &amp; von Quadt A" box="[1035,1308,332,356]" pageId="13" pagination="1 - 34" refId="ref14685" refString="Beltran-Trivino A, Martens UC, von Quadt A. Siliciclastic provenance of the Cenozoic stratigraphic succession in the southern Gulf of Mexico: insights from U-Pb detrital zircon geochronology and heavy minerals analysis. In: Martens UC, Molina Garza RS, (eds), Southern and Central Mexico: Basement Framework, Tectonic Evolution, and Provenance of Mesozoic - Cenozoic Basins. Geological Society of America Special Paper 546. Boulder: Geological Society of America, 2021, 1 - 34." type="book chapter" year="2021">
Beltrán-Triviño
@ -243,7 +246,7 @@ Beltrán-Triviño
<emphasis id="00AB1769320EFFC2FC15FEAB783854A4" box="[908,1081,363,387]" italics="true" pageId="13">Cualac tessellatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ranged inland along this route (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320EFFC2FA14FEAB7F365484" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="14.[129,194,1478,1502]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1451]" captionTargetId="figure-7@14.[129,1473,144,1451]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 8. EarlyMiddle Miocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region.Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.3) are indicated as N5N7, N9N11, and N14N17, showing hypothetical separations between lineages (for details, see main text, Table 2, and Figs 6, 7). The Early Miocene Red River followed the Sabine route to an independent delta, potentially the estuary of origin for subgenus Fundulus, with subgenus Zygonectes arising in the Mississippi River estuary to the east (N15). The Red River joined the Mississippi River in the Middle Miocene.A Guadalupe River drainage emerged to the west in the EarlyMiddle Miocene, potentially the estuary of origin for the Fundulus similis species group, which diverged from subgenus Fundulus (N16). Widespread, sustained tectonism across southwestern North America isolated western tributaries from the Gulf of México, becoming endorheic drainages, some of which evidently harboured killifishes. Owing to a long history of tectonic activity, the details of these ancient endorheic drainages are unknown.Break-up of the Oligocene Río Grande drainage (Fig. 7) isolated Wileyichthys inland from Lucania (N14). Break-up of the Oligocene Madrean River drainage (Fig. 7) isolated Empetrichthyinae from Goodeinae (N6). Further break-up of the Madrean River separated Goodeinae from Characodontini-Illyodontini (N7). In the southern Gulf, capture of the upper Río Grijalva from an ancestral Río Coatzacoalcos isolated Profundulus from Tlaloc (N5). In the western Gulf, inland immigration of cyprinodontids resulted in peripheral isolates Cualac in the Río Pánuco (N9) and Megupsilon in the Late Miocene Río San Fernando (N11). The base map is a reconstruction for 20 Mya (Early Miocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). The narrowed Gulf Trough follows Popenoe (1990) for Early Miocene.Later sea-level rise flooded the trough and isolated the Ocala High as an island. Two putative dispersal events are illustrated: N10, cyprinodontid eastward coastal immigration, founding Jordanella floridae on the Ocala High; and N17, Fundulus inland immigration up the Mississippi River, founding Fundulus sciadicusPlancterus on the Northern High Plains." pageId="13">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320EFFC2FA14FEAB7F365484" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="14.[129,194,1478,1502]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1451]" captionTargetId="figure-7@14.[129,1473,144,1451]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 8. EarlyMiddle Miocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region.Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.3) are indicated as N5N7, N9N11, and N14N17, showing hypothetical separations between lineages (for details, see main text, Table 2, and Figs 6, 7). The Early Miocene Red River followed the Sabine route to an independent delta, potentially the estuary of origin for subgenus Fundulus, with subgenus Zygonectes arising in the Mississippi River estuary to the east (N15). The Red River joined the Mississippi River in the Middle Miocene.A Guadalupe River drainage emerged to the west in the EarlyMiddle Miocene, potentially the estuary of origin for the Fundulus similis species group, which diverged from subgenus Fundulus (N16). Widespread, sustained tectonism across southwestern North America isolated western tributaries from the Gulf of México, becoming endorheic drainages, some of which evidently harboured killifishes. Owing to a long history of tectonic activity, the details of these ancient endorheic drainages are unknown.Break-up of the Oligocene Río Grande drainage (Fig. 7) isolated Wileyichthys inland from Lucania (N14). Break-up of the Oligocene Madrean River drainage (Fig. 7) isolated Empetrichthyinae from Goodeinae (N6). Further break-up of the Madrean River separated Goodeinae from Characodontini-Illyodontini (N7). In the southern Gulf, capture of the upper Río Grijalva from an ancestral Río Coatzacoalcos isolated Profundulus from Tlaloc (N5). In the western Gulf, inland immigration of cyprinodontids resulted in peripheral isolates Cualac in the Río Pánuco (N9) and Megupsilon in the Late Miocene Río San Fernando (N11). The base map is a reconstruction for 20 Mya (Early Miocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). The narrowed Gulf Trough follows Popenoe (1990) for Early Miocene.Later sea-level rise flooded the trough and isolated the Ocala High as an island. Two putative dispersal events are illustrated: N10, cyprinodontid eastward coastal immigration, founding Jordanella floridae on the Ocala High; and N17, Fundulus inland immigration up the Mississippi River, founding Fundulus sciadicusPlancterus on the Northern High Plains." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508863" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508863/files/figure.png" pageId="13">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
). Late OligoceneEarly Miocene uplift of the Chicontepec Basin (
<bibRefCitation id="564EB68A320EFFC2FCECFE6A782854E5" author="Roure F &amp; Alzaga-Ruiz H &amp; Callot JP" box="[885,1065,426,450]" pageId="13" pagination="169 - 89" refId="ref19935" refString="Roure F, Alzaga-Ruiz H, Callot JP et al. Long lasting interactions between tectonic loading, unroofing, post-rift thermal subsidence and sedimentary transfers along the western margin of the Gulf of Mexico: some insights from integrated quantitative studies. Tectonophysics 2009; 475: 169 - 89. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. tecto. 2009.04.012" type="journal article" year="2009">
Roure
@ -251,7 +254,7 @@ Roure
2009
</bibRefCitation>
) could have stranded this population inland (
<tableCitation id="7F5DFEC0320EFFC2FCE2FE097FC754C6" box="[891,966,457,481]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2. Divergence estimates with confidence intervals (CIs) for numbered chronogram nodes (Fig.3) that are evaluated in this study. Environmental events potentially associated with phylogenetic divergences (reciprocal illumination) are provided.Further description is provided in the main text, with references." pageId="13">Table 2</tableCitation>
<tableCitation id="7F5DFEC0320EFFC2FCE2FE097FC754C6" box="[891,966,457,481]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2. Divergence estimates with confidence intervals (CIs) for numbered chronogram nodes (Fig.3) that are evaluated in this study. Environmental events potentially associated with phylogenetic divergences (reciprocal illumination) are provided.Further description is provided in the main text, with references." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/66A09BF33205FFC9FF18FF4F7E0E55F8" pageId="13" tableUuid="66A09BF33205FFC9FF18FF4F7E0E55F8">Table 2</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3260CB7B320EFFC2FCDCFE297FE65132" blockId="13.[809,1462,144,1985]" pageId="13">
@ -260,7 +263,7 @@ As already mentioned, our phylogeny indicates that
<emphasis id="00AB1769320EFFC2FAC9FE2979B25726" box="[1360,1459,489,513]" italics="true" pageId="13">Jordanella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is polyphyletic (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320EFFC2FC55FDC878025707" box="[972,1027,520,544]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." pageId="13">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320EFFC2FC55FDC878025707" box="[972,1027,520,544]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508849/files/figure.png" pageId="13">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). Separation of
<taxonomicName id="F5DFB0F8320EFFC2FB39FDC978FA5707" authorityName="Goode &amp; Bean" authorityYear="1879" box="[1184,1275,520,544]" family="Cyprinodontidae" genus="Jordanella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="floridae">
<emphasis id="00AB1769320EFFC2FB39FDC978FA5707" box="[1184,1275,520,544]" italics="true" pageId="13">J.floridae</emphasis>
@ -272,9 +275,9 @@ from
<taxonomicName id="F5DFB0F8320EFFC2FCB3FDE77F9F5718" box="[810,926,551,575]" family="Cyprinodontidae" genus="Cyprinodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Cyprinodon</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
23.310.8 Mya (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320EFFC2FBCDFDE7788F5718" box="[1108,1166,551,575]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." pageId="13">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320EFFC2FBCDFDE7788F5718" box="[1108,1166,551,575]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508849/files/figure.png" pageId="13">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
, node 10;
<tableCitation id="7F5DFEC0320EFFC2FA98FDE7794D5718" box="[1281,1356,551,575]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2. Divergence estimates with confidence intervals (CIs) for numbered chronogram nodes (Fig.3) that are evaluated in this study. Environmental events potentially associated with phylogenetic divergences (reciprocal illumination) are provided.Further description is provided in the main text, with references." pageId="13">Table 2</tableCitation>
<tableCitation id="7F5DFEC0320EFFC2FA98FDE7794D5718" box="[1281,1356,551,575]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2. Divergence estimates with confidence intervals (CIs) for numbered chronogram nodes (Fig.3) that are evaluated in this study. Environmental events potentially associated with phylogenetic divergences (reciprocal illumination) are provided.Further description is provided in the main text, with references." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/66A09BF33205FFC9FF18FF4F7E0E55F8" pageId="13" tableUuid="66A09BF33205FFC9FF18FF4F7E0E55F8">Table 2</tableCitation>
) suggests that an ancestral cyprinodontid dispersed eastwards from the northwestern Gulf of
<collectingRegion id="F01B0599320EFFC2FB94FDA6785B5759" box="[1037,1114,614,638]" country="Mexico" name="Mexico" pageId="13">México</collectingRegion>
during the Early Miocene, when the nascent
@ -286,7 +289,7 @@ Miller
. 2020a
</bibRefCitation>
). This timing suggests that an ancestral cyprinodontid was distributed along the northeastern Gulf Coast, ranging between the Ocala High and the mainland while the Gulf Trough, which separated these lands, was narrowed (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320EFFC2FCE2FC407FB556BF" box="[891,948,896,920]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="14.[129,194,1478,1502]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1451]" captionTargetId="figure-7@14.[129,1473,144,1451]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 8. EarlyMiddle Miocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region.Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.3) are indicated as N5N7, N9N11, and N14N17, showing hypothetical separations between lineages (for details, see main text, Table 2, and Figs 6, 7). The Early Miocene Red River followed the Sabine route to an independent delta, potentially the estuary of origin for subgenus Fundulus, with subgenus Zygonectes arising in the Mississippi River estuary to the east (N15). The Red River joined the Mississippi River in the Middle Miocene.A Guadalupe River drainage emerged to the west in the EarlyMiddle Miocene, potentially the estuary of origin for the Fundulus similis species group, which diverged from subgenus Fundulus (N16). Widespread, sustained tectonism across southwestern North America isolated western tributaries from the Gulf of México, becoming endorheic drainages, some of which evidently harboured killifishes. Owing to a long history of tectonic activity, the details of these ancient endorheic drainages are unknown.Break-up of the Oligocene Río Grande drainage (Fig. 7) isolated Wileyichthys inland from Lucania (N14). Break-up of the Oligocene Madrean River drainage (Fig. 7) isolated Empetrichthyinae from Goodeinae (N6). Further break-up of the Madrean River separated Goodeinae from Characodontini-Illyodontini (N7). In the southern Gulf, capture of the upper Río Grijalva from an ancestral Río Coatzacoalcos isolated Profundulus from Tlaloc (N5). In the western Gulf, inland immigration of cyprinodontids resulted in peripheral isolates Cualac in the Río Pánuco (N9) and Megupsilon in the Late Miocene Río San Fernando (N11). The base map is a reconstruction for 20 Mya (Early Miocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). The narrowed Gulf Trough follows Popenoe (1990) for Early Miocene.Later sea-level rise flooded the trough and isolated the Ocala High as an island. Two putative dispersal events are illustrated: N10, cyprinodontid eastward coastal immigration, founding Jordanella floridae on the Ocala High; and N17, Fundulus inland immigration up the Mississippi River, founding Fundulus sciadicusPlancterus on the Northern High Plains." pageId="13">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320EFFC2FCE2FC407FB556BF" box="[891,948,896,920]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="14.[129,194,1478,1502]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1451]" captionTargetId="figure-7@14.[129,1473,144,1451]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 8. EarlyMiddle Miocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region.Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.3) are indicated as N5N7, N9N11, and N14N17, showing hypothetical separations between lineages (for details, see main text, Table 2, and Figs 6, 7). The Early Miocene Red River followed the Sabine route to an independent delta, potentially the estuary of origin for subgenus Fundulus, with subgenus Zygonectes arising in the Mississippi River estuary to the east (N15). The Red River joined the Mississippi River in the Middle Miocene.A Guadalupe River drainage emerged to the west in the EarlyMiddle Miocene, potentially the estuary of origin for the Fundulus similis species group, which diverged from subgenus Fundulus (N16). Widespread, sustained tectonism across southwestern North America isolated western tributaries from the Gulf of México, becoming endorheic drainages, some of which evidently harboured killifishes. Owing to a long history of tectonic activity, the details of these ancient endorheic drainages are unknown.Break-up of the Oligocene Río Grande drainage (Fig. 7) isolated Wileyichthys inland from Lucania (N14). Break-up of the Oligocene Madrean River drainage (Fig. 7) isolated Empetrichthyinae from Goodeinae (N6). Further break-up of the Madrean River separated Goodeinae from Characodontini-Illyodontini (N7). In the southern Gulf, capture of the upper Río Grijalva from an ancestral Río Coatzacoalcos isolated Profundulus from Tlaloc (N5). In the western Gulf, inland immigration of cyprinodontids resulted in peripheral isolates Cualac in the Río Pánuco (N9) and Megupsilon in the Late Miocene Río San Fernando (N11). The base map is a reconstruction for 20 Mya (Early Miocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). The narrowed Gulf Trough follows Popenoe (1990) for Early Miocene.Later sea-level rise flooded the trough and isolated the Ocala High as an island. Two putative dispersal events are illustrated: N10, cyprinodontid eastward coastal immigration, founding Jordanella floridae on the Ocala High; and N17, Fundulus inland immigration up the Mississippi River, founding Fundulus sciadicusPlancterus on the Northern High Plains." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508863" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508863/files/figure.png" pageId="13">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
). Sea-level rise during the MMCO greatly broadened and deepened the Gulf Trough, shrinking the Ocala High to a small island (
<bibRefCitation id="564EB68A320EFFC2FC42FC7F786E56F0" author="Popenoe P" box="[987,1135,959,983]" pageId="13" pagination="352 - 80" refId="ref19219" refString="Popenoe P. Paleoceonography and Paleogeography of the Miocene of the Southeastern United States. In: Burnett WC, Riggs SR (eds.), Phosphate Deposits of the World. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1990, 352 - 80." type="book chapter" year="1990">Popenoe 1990</bibRefCitation>
). We hypothesize that
@ -328,13 +331,13 @@ Late Miocene divergence of
<emphasis id="00AB1769320EFFC2FBE9FA9678E15049" box="[1136,1248,1366,1390]" italics="true" pageId="13">Megupsilon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(14.97.4 Mya;
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320EFFC2FA16FA967F3650AA" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." pageId="13">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320EFFC2FA16FA967F3650AA" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508849/files/figure.png" pageId="13">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
, node 11) might represent Late Miocene emergence of ancestral Río San Fernando (Río Bravo in the work of
<bibRefCitation id="564EB68A320EFFC2FAC0FA557FF350EB" author="Snedden JW &amp; Galloway WE" pageId="13" refId="ref20371" refString="Snedden JW, Galloway WE. The Gulf of Mexico Sedimentary Basin: Depositional Evolution and Petroleum Applications. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019." type="book" year="2019">Snedden and Galloway 2019</bibRefCitation>
) as a corridor for inland invasion (
<tableCitation id="7F5DFEC0320EFFC2FAC6FA7479AD50EB" box="[1375,1452,1460,1484]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2. Divergence estimates with confidence intervals (CIs) for numbered chronogram nodes (Fig.3) that are evaluated in this study. Environmental events potentially associated with phylogenetic divergences (reciprocal illumination) are provided.Further description is provided in the main text, with references." pageId="13">Table 2</tableCitation>
<tableCitation id="7F5DFEC0320EFFC2FAC6FA7479AD50EB" box="[1375,1452,1460,1484]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2. Divergence estimates with confidence intervals (CIs) for numbered chronogram nodes (Fig.3) that are evaluated in this study. Environmental events potentially associated with phylogenetic divergences (reciprocal illumination) are provided.Further description is provided in the main text, with references." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/66A09BF33205FFC9FF18FF4F7E0E55F8" pageId="13" tableUuid="66A09BF33205FFC9FF18FF4F7E0E55F8">Table 2</tableCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320EFFC2FCB3FA137F6250CC" box="[810,867,1491,1515]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="14.[129,194,1478,1502]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1451]" captionTargetId="figure-7@14.[129,1473,144,1451]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 8. EarlyMiddle Miocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region.Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.3) are indicated as N5N7, N9N11, and N14N17, showing hypothetical separations between lineages (for details, see main text, Table 2, and Figs 6, 7). The Early Miocene Red River followed the Sabine route to an independent delta, potentially the estuary of origin for subgenus Fundulus, with subgenus Zygonectes arising in the Mississippi River estuary to the east (N15). The Red River joined the Mississippi River in the Middle Miocene.A Guadalupe River drainage emerged to the west in the EarlyMiddle Miocene, potentially the estuary of origin for the Fundulus similis species group, which diverged from subgenus Fundulus (N16). Widespread, sustained tectonism across southwestern North America isolated western tributaries from the Gulf of México, becoming endorheic drainages, some of which evidently harboured killifishes. Owing to a long history of tectonic activity, the details of these ancient endorheic drainages are unknown.Break-up of the Oligocene Río Grande drainage (Fig. 7) isolated Wileyichthys inland from Lucania (N14). Break-up of the Oligocene Madrean River drainage (Fig. 7) isolated Empetrichthyinae from Goodeinae (N6). Further break-up of the Madrean River separated Goodeinae from Characodontini-Illyodontini (N7). In the southern Gulf, capture of the upper Río Grijalva from an ancestral Río Coatzacoalcos isolated Profundulus from Tlaloc (N5). In the western Gulf, inland immigration of cyprinodontids resulted in peripheral isolates Cualac in the Río Pánuco (N9) and Megupsilon in the Late Miocene Río San Fernando (N11). The base map is a reconstruction for 20 Mya (Early Miocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). The narrowed Gulf Trough follows Popenoe (1990) for Early Miocene.Later sea-level rise flooded the trough and isolated the Ocala High as an island. Two putative dispersal events are illustrated: N10, cyprinodontid eastward coastal immigration, founding Jordanella floridae on the Ocala High; and N17, Fundulus inland immigration up the Mississippi River, founding Fundulus sciadicusPlancterus on the Northern High Plains." pageId="13">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320EFFC2FCB3FA137F6250CC" box="[810,867,1491,1515]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="14.[129,194,1478,1502]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1451]" captionTargetId="figure-7@14.[129,1473,144,1451]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 8. EarlyMiddle Miocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region.Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.3) are indicated as N5N7, N9N11, and N14N17, showing hypothetical separations between lineages (for details, see main text, Table 2, and Figs 6, 7). The Early Miocene Red River followed the Sabine route to an independent delta, potentially the estuary of origin for subgenus Fundulus, with subgenus Zygonectes arising in the Mississippi River estuary to the east (N15). The Red River joined the Mississippi River in the Middle Miocene.A Guadalupe River drainage emerged to the west in the EarlyMiddle Miocene, potentially the estuary of origin for the Fundulus similis species group, which diverged from subgenus Fundulus (N16). Widespread, sustained tectonism across southwestern North America isolated western tributaries from the Gulf of México, becoming endorheic drainages, some of which evidently harboured killifishes. Owing to a long history of tectonic activity, the details of these ancient endorheic drainages are unknown.Break-up of the Oligocene Río Grande drainage (Fig. 7) isolated Wileyichthys inland from Lucania (N14). Break-up of the Oligocene Madrean River drainage (Fig. 7) isolated Empetrichthyinae from Goodeinae (N6). Further break-up of the Madrean River separated Goodeinae from Characodontini-Illyodontini (N7). In the southern Gulf, capture of the upper Río Grijalva from an ancestral Río Coatzacoalcos isolated Profundulus from Tlaloc (N5). In the western Gulf, inland immigration of cyprinodontids resulted in peripheral isolates Cualac in the Río Pánuco (N9) and Megupsilon in the Late Miocene Río San Fernando (N11). The base map is a reconstruction for 20 Mya (Early Miocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). The narrowed Gulf Trough follows Popenoe (1990) for Early Miocene.Later sea-level rise flooded the trough and isolated the Ocala High as an island. Two putative dispersal events are illustrated: N10, cyprinodontid eastward coastal immigration, founding Jordanella floridae on the Ocala High; and N17, Fundulus inland immigration up the Mississippi River, founding Fundulus sciadicusPlancterus on the Northern High Plains." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508863" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508863/files/figure.png" pageId="13">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
). This species (extinct in the wild) inhabited a spring-fed habitat (
<bibRefCitation id="564EB68A320EFFC2FC1BFA33782E532D" author="Miller RR &amp; Minckley WL &amp; Norris SM" box="[898,1071,1522,1547]" pageId="13" refId="ref18488" refString="Miller RR, Minckley WL, Norris SM. Freshwater Fishes of Mexico. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 2005." type="book" year="2005">
Miller
@ -353,9 +356,9 @@ speciation increased upon separation from
<emphasis id="00AB1769320EFFC2FCFDF9B07FD553AF" box="[868,980,1648,1672]" italics="true" pageId="13">Megupsilon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(node 11;
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320EFFC2FBD2F9B0788653AF" box="[1099,1159,1648,1672]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." pageId="13">Figs 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320EFFC2FBD2F9B0788653AF" box="[1099,1159,1648,1672]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508849/files/figure.png" pageId="13">Figs 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320EFFC2FB0DF9B078A053AF" box="[1172,1185,1648,1672]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="8.[127,192,1459,1483]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,147,1429]" captionTargetId="figure-233@8.[129,1473,144,1432]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 4. A, BAMM phylorate plot showing speciation rates along each branch within the North American killifish families Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae. Cool colours represent slow rates; warm colours represent fast rates.BE, speciation rate over time is shown graphically for Fundulidae (B), Cyprinodontidae (C), Profundulidae (D), and Goodeidae (E). λ = mean diversification rate." pageId="13">4</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320EFFC2FB0DF9B078A053AF" box="[1172,1185,1648,1672]" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="8.[127,192,1459,1483]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,147,1429]" captionTargetId="figure-233@8.[129,1473,144,1432]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figure 4. A, BAMM phylorate plot showing speciation rates along each branch within the North American killifish families Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae. Cool colours represent slow rates; warm colours represent fast rates.BE, speciation rate over time is shown graphically for Fundulidae (B), Cyprinodontidae (C), Profundulidae (D), and Goodeidae (E). λ = mean diversification rate." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508853" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508853/files/figure.png" pageId="13">4</figureCitation>
). Several factors are likely to have contributed to this trend. Initially, inland invasions into five Late Miocene rivers subdivided
<taxonomicName id="F5DFB0F8320EFFC2FB0DF96F790953E0" box="[1172,1288,1711,1735]" family="Cyprinodontidae" genus="Cyprinodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="00AB1769320EFFC2FB0DF96F790953E0" box="[1172,1288,1711,1735]" italics="true" pageId="13">Cyprinodon</emphasis>
@ -367,9 +370,9 @@ into as many upland lineages, four of which dispersed far across the desert regi
<emphasis id="00AB1769320EFFC2FC5EF8EC78995263" box="[967,1176,1836,1860]" italics="true" pageId="13">Cyprinodon artifrons</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group;
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320EFFC2FADDF8EC79845263" box="[1348,1413,1836,1860]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="4.[129,194,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,1224,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-539@4.[129,1473,1221,1842]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 2. Reconstruction of ancestral habitats for the North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae.A, distribution of North American killifish families with respect to the boundary (red line) between the coastal plain and continental interior (uplands). B, pie charts at each node represent the probability of each character state: coast including coastal plain, upland, or both." pageId="13">Figs 2</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320EFFC2FADDF8EC79845263" box="[1348,1413,1836,1860]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="4.[129,194,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,1224,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-539@4.[129,1473,1221,1842]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 2. Reconstruction of ancestral habitats for the North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae.A, distribution of North American killifish families with respect to the boundary (red line) between the coastal plain and continental interior (uplands). B, pie charts at each node represent the probability of each character state: coast including coastal plain, upland, or both." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508847" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508847/files/figure.png" pageId="13">Figs 2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320EFFC2FA0CF8EC79A35263" box="[1429,1442,1836,1860]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="10.[129,194,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[212,1390,147,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-7@10.[209,1393,144,1808]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 5. Reconstruction of ancestral areas for the North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae.A, distribution of North American killifishes divided as Nearctic = A and Neotropical = B, with the boundary between realms being the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt (Rico et al.2022). B, ancestral areas computed using the BAYAREALIKE+J model in BIOGEOBEARS." pageId="13">5</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320EFFC2FA0CF8EC79A35263" box="[1429,1442,1836,1860]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="10.[129,194,1836,1860]" captionTargetBox="[212,1390,147,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-7@10.[209,1393,144,1808]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figure 5. Reconstruction of ancestral areas for the North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae.A, distribution of North American killifishes divided as Nearctic = A and Neotropical = B, with the boundary between realms being the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt (Rico et al.2022). B, ancestral areas computed using the BAYAREALIKE+J model in BIOGEOBEARS." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508855" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508855/files/figure.png" pageId="13">5</figureCitation>
). Once inland invasions were underway, barrier displacement via drainage rearrangements, climate fluctuations, tectonism, and volcanism caused widespread allopatric diversification. Meanwhile, a maritime lineage of
<taxonomicName id="F5DFB0F8320EFFC2FB0DF869790952E6" box="[1172,1288,1961,1985]" family="Cyprinodontidae" genus="Cyprinodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="13" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="00AB1769320EFFC2FB0DF869790952E6" box="[1172,1288,1961,1985]" italics="true" pageId="13">Cyprinodon</emphasis>
@ -383,7 +386,7 @@ Echelle
,
<bibRefCitation id="564EB68A320CFFC0FE41FF507E0D558F" author="Echelle AA &amp; Fuselier L &amp; Van Den Bussche RA" box="[472,524,144,168]" pageId="15" pagination="855 - 64" refId="ref15949" refString="Echelle AA, Fuselier L, Van Den Bussche RA et al. Molecular systematics of Hispaniolan pupfishes (Cyprinodontidae: Cyprinodon): implications for the biogeography of insular Caribbean fishes. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 2006; 39: 855 - 64. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2005.12.010" type="journal article" year="2006">2006</bibRefCitation>
). This geography is unclear in our reconstruction of ancestral habitats (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320CFFC0FDC5FF6F7E9555E0" box="[604,660,175,199]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="4.[129,194,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,1224,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-539@4.[129,1473,1221,1842]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 2. Reconstruction of ancestral habitats for the North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae.A, distribution of North American killifish families with respect to the boundary (red line) between the coastal plain and continental interior (uplands). B, pie charts at each node represent the probability of each character state: coast including coastal plain, upland, or both." pageId="15">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320CFFC0FDC5FF6F7E9555E0" box="[604,660,175,199]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="4.[129,194,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,1224,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-539@4.[129,1473,1221,1842]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 2. Reconstruction of ancestral habitats for the North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae.A, distribution of North American killifish families with respect to the boundary (red line) between the coastal plain and continental interior (uplands). B, pie charts at each node represent the probability of each character state: coast including coastal plain, upland, or both." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508847" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508847/files/figure.png" pageId="15">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
), because the same widespread ancestor produced sequential upland invasions from the coast, as already described. Furthermore, during the Pleistocene, maritime
<taxonomicName id="F5DFB0F8320CFFC0FE18FECD7DF45402" box="[385,501,269,293]" family="Cyprinodontidae" genus="Cyprinodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="00AB1769320CFFC0FE18FECD7DF45402" box="[385,501,269,293]" italics="true" pageId="15">Cyprinodon</emphasis>
@ -403,7 +406,7 @@ Haney
). The Yucatán lineage produced a species flock (
<bibRefCitation id="564EB68A320CFFC0FE5DFE4B7E505484" author="Strecker U" box="[452,593,395,419]" pageId="15" pagination="865 - 72" refId="ref20448" refString="Strecker U. Genetic differentiation and reproductive isolation in a Cyprinodon fish species flock from Laguna Chichancanab, Mexico. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 2006; 39: 865 - 72. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2006.01.008" type="journal article" year="2006">Strecker 2006</bibRefCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320CFFC0FDC4FE4B7E945484" box="[605,661,395,419]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." pageId="15">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE320CFFC0FDC4FE4B7E945484" box="[605,661,395,419]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508849/files/figure.png" pageId="15">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). Beyond this, our analysis might underestimate the
<taxonomicName id="F5DFB0F8320CFFC0FD81FE6A7E8D54E5" box="[536,652,426,450]" family="Cyprinodontidae" genus="Cyprinodon" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="15" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="00AB1769320CFFC0FD81FE6A7E8D54E5" box="[536,652,426,450]" italics="true" pageId="15">Cyprinodon</emphasis>

View file

@ -1,56 +1,59 @@
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@ -111,9 +114,9 @@ segregates from congeners in unvegetated, high-salinity waters (
,
<bibRefCitation id="564EB68A3213FFDFFEAEFDA67E415759" author="Wagner CM &amp; Austin HM" box="[311,576,614,638]" pageId="16" pagination="197 - 212" refId="ref20885" refString="Wagner CM, Austin HM. Correspondence between environmental gradients and summer littoral fish assemblages in low salinity reaches of the Chesapeake Bay, USA. Marine Ecology Progress Series 1999; 177: 197 - 212. https: // doi. org / 10.3354 / meps 177197" type="journal article" year="1999">Wagner and Austin 1999</bibRefCitation>
). We propose that this ecologically divergent lineage descends from an ancestor adapted for open, wave-swept coasts. Divergence 21.015.2 Mya (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE3213FFDFFF12FD047CC257FB" box="[139,195,708,732]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." pageId="16">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE3213FFDFFF12FD047CC257FB" box="[139,195,708,732]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508849/files/figure.png" pageId="16">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
, node 16) was concurrent with sea-level rise that culminated in the MMCO (
<tableCitation id="7F5DFEC03213FFDFFECBFD237D9D57DC" box="[338,412,739,763]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2. Divergence estimates with confidence intervals (CIs) for numbered chronogram nodes (Fig.3) that are evaluated in this study. Environmental events potentially associated with phylogenetic divergences (reciprocal illumination) are provided.Further description is provided in the main text, with references." pageId="16">Table 2</tableCitation>
<tableCitation id="7F5DFEC03213FFDFFECBFD237D9D57DC" box="[338,412,739,763]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2. Divergence estimates with confidence intervals (CIs) for numbered chronogram nodes (Fig.3) that are evaluated in this study. Environmental events potentially associated with phylogenetic divergences (reciprocal illumination) are provided.Further description is provided in the main text, with references." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/66A09BF33205FFC9FF18FF4F7E0E55F8" pageId="16" tableUuid="66A09BF33205FFC9FF18FF4F7E0E55F8">Table 2</tableCitation>
) and could have facilitated range expansion (
<bibRefCitation id="564EB68A3213FFDFFF79FCC37D8B563C" author="Dolby GA &amp; Hechinger R &amp; Ellingson RA" box="[224,394,771,795]" pageId="16" refId="ref15608" refString="Dolby GA, Hechinger R, Ellingson RA et al. Sea-level driven glacial-age refugia and post-glacial mixing on subtropical coasts, a palaeohabitat and genetic study. Proceedings Biological Sciences 2016; 283: 20161571. https: // doi. org / 10.1098 / rspb. 2016.1571" type="journal volume" year="2016">
Dolby
@ -127,7 +130,7 @@ Dolby
), this could account for ecological specialization in this species group. In the earliest Middle Miocene (15.6 Mya), a new
<collectingCountry id="4AC88BEB3213FFDFFE3EFC407E1656BF" box="[423,535,896,920]" name="Guadeloupe" pageId="16">Guadalupe</collectingCountry>
River delta emerged to the west (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE3213FFDFFF73FC5F7D255690" box="[234,292,927,951]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="14.[129,194,1478,1502]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1451]" captionTargetId="figure-7@14.[129,1473,144,1451]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 8. EarlyMiddle Miocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region.Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.3) are indicated as N5N7, N9N11, and N14N17, showing hypothetical separations between lineages (for details, see main text, Table 2, and Figs 6, 7). The Early Miocene Red River followed the Sabine route to an independent delta, potentially the estuary of origin for subgenus Fundulus, with subgenus Zygonectes arising in the Mississippi River estuary to the east (N15). The Red River joined the Mississippi River in the Middle Miocene.A Guadalupe River drainage emerged to the west in the EarlyMiddle Miocene, potentially the estuary of origin for the Fundulus similis species group, which diverged from subgenus Fundulus (N16). Widespread, sustained tectonism across southwestern North America isolated western tributaries from the Gulf of México, becoming endorheic drainages, some of which evidently harboured killifishes. Owing to a long history of tectonic activity, the details of these ancient endorheic drainages are unknown.Break-up of the Oligocene Río Grande drainage (Fig. 7) isolated Wileyichthys inland from Lucania (N14). Break-up of the Oligocene Madrean River drainage (Fig. 7) isolated Empetrichthyinae from Goodeinae (N6). Further break-up of the Madrean River separated Goodeinae from Characodontini-Illyodontini (N7). In the southern Gulf, capture of the upper Río Grijalva from an ancestral Río Coatzacoalcos isolated Profundulus from Tlaloc (N5). In the western Gulf, inland immigration of cyprinodontids resulted in peripheral isolates Cualac in the Río Pánuco (N9) and Megupsilon in the Late Miocene Río San Fernando (N11). The base map is a reconstruction for 20 Mya (Early Miocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). The narrowed Gulf Trough follows Popenoe (1990) for Early Miocene.Later sea-level rise flooded the trough and isolated the Ocala High as an island. Two putative dispersal events are illustrated: N10, cyprinodontid eastward coastal immigration, founding Jordanella floridae on the Ocala High; and N17, Fundulus inland immigration up the Mississippi River, founding Fundulus sciadicusPlancterus on the Northern High Plains." pageId="16">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE3213FFDFFF73FC5F7D255690" box="[234,292,927,951]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="14.[129,194,1478,1502]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1451]" captionTargetId="figure-7@14.[129,1473,144,1451]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 8. EarlyMiddle Miocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region.Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.3) are indicated as N5N7, N9N11, and N14N17, showing hypothetical separations between lineages (for details, see main text, Table 2, and Figs 6, 7). The Early Miocene Red River followed the Sabine route to an independent delta, potentially the estuary of origin for subgenus Fundulus, with subgenus Zygonectes arising in the Mississippi River estuary to the east (N15). The Red River joined the Mississippi River in the Middle Miocene.A Guadalupe River drainage emerged to the west in the EarlyMiddle Miocene, potentially the estuary of origin for the Fundulus similis species group, which diverged from subgenus Fundulus (N16). Widespread, sustained tectonism across southwestern North America isolated western tributaries from the Gulf of México, becoming endorheic drainages, some of which evidently harboured killifishes. Owing to a long history of tectonic activity, the details of these ancient endorheic drainages are unknown.Break-up of the Oligocene Río Grande drainage (Fig. 7) isolated Wileyichthys inland from Lucania (N14). Break-up of the Oligocene Madrean River drainage (Fig. 7) isolated Empetrichthyinae from Goodeinae (N6). Further break-up of the Madrean River separated Goodeinae from Characodontini-Illyodontini (N7). In the southern Gulf, capture of the upper Río Grijalva from an ancestral Río Coatzacoalcos isolated Profundulus from Tlaloc (N5). In the western Gulf, inland immigration of cyprinodontids resulted in peripheral isolates Cualac in the Río Pánuco (N9) and Megupsilon in the Late Miocene Río San Fernando (N11). The base map is a reconstruction for 20 Mya (Early Miocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). The narrowed Gulf Trough follows Popenoe (1990) for Early Miocene.Later sea-level rise flooded the trough and isolated the Ocala High as an island. Two putative dispersal events are illustrated: N10, cyprinodontid eastward coastal immigration, founding Jordanella floridae on the Ocala High; and N17, Fundulus inland immigration up the Mississippi River, founding Fundulus sciadicusPlancterus on the Northern High Plains." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508863" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508863/files/figure.png" pageId="16">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
). Wave-dominated conditions there (
<bibRefCitation id="564EB68A3213FFDFFD36FC5F7D4556F0" author="Snedden JW &amp; Galloway WE" pageId="16" refId="ref20371" refString="Snedden JW, Galloway WE. The Gulf of Mexico Sedimentary Basin: Depositional Evolution and Petroleum Applications. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019." type="book" year="2019">Snedden and Galloway 2019</bibRefCitation>
) suggest that the MRCA of the

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@ -1,56 +1,59 @@
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20.4 13.0 Mya (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE3213FFDFFF76FB5A7D275195" box="[239,294,1178,1202]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." pageId="16">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE3213FFDFFF76FB5A7D275195" box="[239,294,1178,1202]" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="5.[113,178,1835,1859]" captionTargetBox="[192,1381,152,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-7@5.[189,1384,142,1806]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figure 3. Phylogenetic relationships and divergence times among taxa within North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae recovered by Bayesian inference with five concatenated loci (three mitochondrial and two nuclear) and 130 species.Red dots depict nodes with posterior probabilities &lt;95%. Green arrows show fossil calibration points and brown arrows show secondary calibration points (Table 1). Numbered nodes are associated with environmental and geologic events in our biogeographical synthesis (Table 2)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508849" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508849/files/figure.png" pageId="16">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
, node 17;
<tableCitation id="7F5DFEC03213FFDFFE09FB5A7DDB5195" box="[400,474,1178,1202]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2. Divergence estimates with confidence intervals (CIs) for numbered chronogram nodes (Fig.3) that are evaluated in this study. Environmental events potentially associated with phylogenetic divergences (reciprocal illumination) are provided.Further description is provided in the main text, with references." pageId="16">Table 2</tableCitation>
<tableCitation id="7F5DFEC03213FFDFFE09FB5A7DDB5195" box="[400,474,1178,1202]" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="6.[129,184,143,167]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Table 2. Divergence estimates with confidence intervals (CIs) for numbered chronogram nodes (Fig.3) that are evaluated in this study. Environmental events potentially associated with phylogenetic divergences (reciprocal illumination) are provided.Further description is provided in the main text, with references." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/66A09BF33205FFC9FF18FF4F7E0E55F8" pageId="16" tableUuid="66A09BF33205FFC9FF18FF4F7E0E55F8">Table 2</tableCitation>
) and a transition from coastal to upland habitat (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE3213FFDFFEA4FB797D7451F6" box="[317,373,1209,1233]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="4.[129,194,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,1224,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-539@4.[129,1473,1221,1842]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 2. Reconstruction of ancestral habitats for the North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae.A, distribution of North American killifish families with respect to the boundary (red line) between the coastal plain and continental interior (uplands). B, pie charts at each node represent the probability of each character state: coast including coastal plain, upland, or both." pageId="16">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE3213FFDFFEA4FB797D7451F6" box="[317,373,1209,1233]" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="4.[129,194,1870,1894]" captionTargetBox="[132,1470,1224,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-539@4.[129,1473,1221,1842]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figure 2. Reconstruction of ancestral habitats for the North American killifish families Cubanichthyidae, Cyprinodontidae, Fundulidae, Goodeidae, and Profundulidae.A, distribution of North American killifish families with respect to the boundary (red line) between the coastal plain and continental interior (uplands). B, pie charts at each node represent the probability of each character state: coast including coastal plain, upland, or both." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508847" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508847/files/figure.png" pageId="16">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
) suggest that the MRCA of
<emphasis id="00AB17693213FFDFFD09FB7A7CE651D6" italics="true" pageId="16">
<taxonomicName id="F5DFB0F83213FFDFFD09FB7A7EFD51F6" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1865" box="[656,764,1209,1233]" family="Fundulidae" genus="Fundulus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="sciadicus">F. sciadicus</taxonomicName>
@ -101,7 +104,7 @@ Jordan &amp; Gilbert, 1883
<taxonomicName id="F5DFB0F83213FFDFFF18FB197CE651D6" authorityName="Garman" authorityYear="1895" box="[129,231,1241,1265]" family="Fundulidae" genus="Plancterus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cyprinodontiformes" pageId="16" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Plancterus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
immigrated up the Mississippi River (
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE3213FFDFFDE1FB197EB251D6" box="[632,691,1241,1265]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="14.[129,194,1478,1502]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1451]" captionTargetId="figure-7@14.[129,1473,144,1451]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 8. EarlyMiddle Miocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region.Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.3) are indicated as N5N7, N9N11, and N14N17, showing hypothetical separations between lineages (for details, see main text, Table 2, and Figs 6, 7). The Early Miocene Red River followed the Sabine route to an independent delta, potentially the estuary of origin for subgenus Fundulus, with subgenus Zygonectes arising in the Mississippi River estuary to the east (N15). The Red River joined the Mississippi River in the Middle Miocene.A Guadalupe River drainage emerged to the west in the EarlyMiddle Miocene, potentially the estuary of origin for the Fundulus similis species group, which diverged from subgenus Fundulus (N16). Widespread, sustained tectonism across southwestern North America isolated western tributaries from the Gulf of México, becoming endorheic drainages, some of which evidently harboured killifishes. Owing to a long history of tectonic activity, the details of these ancient endorheic drainages are unknown.Break-up of the Oligocene Río Grande drainage (Fig. 7) isolated Wileyichthys inland from Lucania (N14). Break-up of the Oligocene Madrean River drainage (Fig. 7) isolated Empetrichthyinae from Goodeinae (N6). Further break-up of the Madrean River separated Goodeinae from Characodontini-Illyodontini (N7). In the southern Gulf, capture of the upper Río Grijalva from an ancestral Río Coatzacoalcos isolated Profundulus from Tlaloc (N5). In the western Gulf, inland immigration of cyprinodontids resulted in peripheral isolates Cualac in the Río Pánuco (N9) and Megupsilon in the Late Miocene Río San Fernando (N11). The base map is a reconstruction for 20 Mya (Early Miocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). The narrowed Gulf Trough follows Popenoe (1990) for Early Miocene.Later sea-level rise flooded the trough and isolated the Ocala High as an island. Two putative dispersal events are illustrated: N10, cyprinodontid eastward coastal immigration, founding Jordanella floridae on the Ocala High; and N17, Fundulus inland immigration up the Mississippi River, founding Fundulus sciadicusPlancterus on the Northern High Plains." pageId="16">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="AAE4D7FE3213FFDFFDE1FB197EB251D6" box="[632,691,1241,1265]" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="14.[129,194,1478,1502]" captionTargetBox="[129,1473,144,1451]" captionTargetId="figure-7@14.[129,1473,144,1451]" captionTargetPageId="14" captionText="Figure 8. EarlyMiddle Miocene diversification of North American killifishes in the Gulf of México region.Phylogenetic nodes (Fig.3) are indicated as N5N7, N9N11, and N14N17, showing hypothetical separations between lineages (for details, see main text, Table 2, and Figs 6, 7). The Early Miocene Red River followed the Sabine route to an independent delta, potentially the estuary of origin for subgenus Fundulus, with subgenus Zygonectes arising in the Mississippi River estuary to the east (N15). The Red River joined the Mississippi River in the Middle Miocene.A Guadalupe River drainage emerged to the west in the EarlyMiddle Miocene, potentially the estuary of origin for the Fundulus similis species group, which diverged from subgenus Fundulus (N16). Widespread, sustained tectonism across southwestern North America isolated western tributaries from the Gulf of México, becoming endorheic drainages, some of which evidently harboured killifishes. Owing to a long history of tectonic activity, the details of these ancient endorheic drainages are unknown.Break-up of the Oligocene Río Grande drainage (Fig. 7) isolated Wileyichthys inland from Lucania (N14). Break-up of the Oligocene Madrean River drainage (Fig. 7) isolated Empetrichthyinae from Goodeinae (N6). Further break-up of the Madrean River separated Goodeinae from Characodontini-Illyodontini (N7). In the southern Gulf, capture of the upper Río Grijalva from an ancestral Río Coatzacoalcos isolated Profundulus from Tlaloc (N5). In the western Gulf, inland immigration of cyprinodontids resulted in peripheral isolates Cualac in the Río Pánuco (N9) and Megupsilon in the Late Miocene Río San Fernando (N11). The base map is a reconstruction for 20 Mya (Early Miocene, used with permission ©2023 Colorado Plateau Geosystems Inc.). The narrowed Gulf Trough follows Popenoe (1990) for Early Miocene.Later sea-level rise flooded the trough and isolated the Ocala High as an island. Two putative dispersal events are illustrated: N10, cyprinodontid eastward coastal immigration, founding Jordanella floridae on the Ocala High; and N17, Fundulus inland immigration up the Mississippi River, founding Fundulus sciadicusPlancterus on the Northern High Plains." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14508863" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14508863/files/figure.png" pageId="16">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
), which extended to the nascent Great Plains (
<bibRefCitation id="564EB68A3213FFDFFD81FB387CB45008" author="Snedden JW &amp; Galloway WE" pageId="16" refId="ref20371" refString="Snedden JW, Galloway WE. The Gulf of Mexico Sedimentary Basin: Depositional Evolution and Petroleum Applications. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019." type="book" year="2019">Snedden and Galloway 2019</bibRefCitation>
).

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@ -0,0 +1,115 @@
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<mods:title id="34EC047163D092668B24388D1D68B364">Taxonomic notes of jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae) from Guangxi, Hainan, Sichuan, Xizang and Yunnan, China</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="ED3E4F0611E04251B57AF78DF6565D5F">
<heading id="15125D38C2070D7BA706A5DA817232FD" reason="label">Genus</heading>
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<emphasis id="DC85B2FC0E10E764A5D443E71FC639A8" italics="true">Irura</emphasis>
Peckham &amp; Peckham, 1901
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<subSubSection id="SECID0ESQAG" type="type species">
<paragraph id="3281EF63D59C7FEF53BEF6729F04BE7F">
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<typeStatus id="08A3EEEA8E348166912BCD4EA7F61D6F">Type</typeStatus>
species.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="040B5975683B68929E752D546F973D81">
<taxonomicName id="DE34104266854F92854B64BC91F13813" authority="Peckham &amp; Peckham, 1901" authorityName="Peckham &amp; Peckham" authorityYear="1901" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Irura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulchra">
<emphasis id="E0E23917928D7A1F32D39C182B64F2AE" italics="true">Irura pulchra</emphasis>
Peckham &amp; Peckham, 1901
</taxonomicName>
;
<typeStatus id="EE00488E88FEC25631DCD3EB8B0D9E07">type</typeStatus>
locality
<collectingCountry id="6D1B268F326DA2AF44C3CD25F26A895C" name="Sri Lanka">Ceylon</collectingCountry>
, now
<collectingCountry id="7A04A570C6304D5C60A396C59A60D652" name="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EDRAG" type="comments">
<paragraph id="A95876A5524892DFCD280ADAF27C2317">
<heading id="D51C1237B852FB55CADE306EB2F5CD79" reason="title">Comments.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7EBA6246752264464F51FF7886103759">
This genus is assigned to the subtribe
<taxonomicName id="9EE718EBDEC2CDF70B307E9A773286CA" authority="Simon, 1903" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1903" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Simaethina">Simaethina Simon, 1903</taxonomicName>
, within the
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(
<bibRefCitation id="B81963A63C8E2C83C5B551B3FAAE471F" DOI="10.1636/arac-43-03-231-292" author="Maddison" firstAuthor="Maddison" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of Arachnology" pagination="231-292" refId="B18" refString="Maddison WP (2015) A phylogenetic classification of jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae). The Journal of Arachnology 43 (3): 231292. https://doi.org/10.1636/arac-43-03-231-292" title="A phylogenetic classification of jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae)." volume="43" year="2015">Maddison 2015</bibRefCitation>
), and contains 21 species known from east, south, and southeast Asia (
<bibRefCitation id="D4501C12215D9191543BC50E5331525C" DOI="10.24436/2" refId="B35" refString="World Spider Catalog (2024) World Spider Catalog. Version 25.0. Natural History Museum Bern, http://wsc.nmbe.ch. [accessed on 3 Jul. 2024] https://doi.org/10.24436/2" url="http://wsc.nmbe.ch" year="2024">WSC 2024</bibRefCitation>
). The genus is rather poorly studied, as the generotype is lacking diagnostic drawings, and nearly 30 % of its species are known only from a single sex (
<collectionCode id="AF903F58857FC0D4F49A060C79E94ABC" country="0" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/cnv0-s4bi" name="Westfield State College, Museum and Herbarium" type="">WSC</collectionCode>
2024). Moreover, based on our recent study, several Chinese species are mismatched (female and male belong to different species) and need further revision. The following two species are placed in the genus due to similar habitus and copulatory organs to most
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<emphasis id="85DCF7B117F12D2D15E357C2F34AA23A" italics="true">Irura</emphasis>
species.
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="31E3BC81943E31733FF518EB978E915E">Wang, Cheng</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="32E001917B7B715D048023BB29F29129" type="ORCID">0000-0003-1831-0579</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="D213C4209F7A5A8581898A909B2960B4">Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in the Fanjing Mountain Region, Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou 554300, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="FCF2720502BD7D781A009592419C7BD7" type="personal">
<mods:role id="33E6639AD2CF4B58E3F0695F9F2C420E">
<mods:roleTerm id="FD9AB08CB7A4B91F5DE30A2532CE5C80">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="5F528D91F2317BEF04CBAA5AD1D7FE8F">Mi, Xiaoqi</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="9962073529B5D4CC8AC8D3EA9E91C2FE" type="ORCID">0000-0003-1744-3855</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="5B446D5D7575935267602E1E04036CD2">Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in the Fanjing Mountain Region, Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou 554300, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="DF09EA4066ED904939F9FD847900C080" type="personal">
<mods:role id="DFFE8ED696C46231FFA2FEA42EEFFF0B">
<mods:roleTerm id="2CCC96237CE877196D83E7553AE34A1A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="A981BFC62ABB105FD986ADE739E95D3F">Li, Shuqiang</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="F22A69B6D42DD63CFB04B087EBAE95DF" type="ORCID">0000-0002-3290-5416</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="72FB801AF324DA1D7593FA8AC0DD3889">Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China &amp; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="B735719E369FE84890403087E4DD3F98" type="personal">
<mods:role id="E43315C05D5CFA3DB3C01F6CDCC7C47D">
<mods:roleTerm id="D262D9E4920F74D34A7F85F46FBE420C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F9FF993CDD549E12658A732F2F0C8398">Xu, Xiang</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="75E13AC4C7F7602F19AC80009E9911D9" type="ORCID">0000-0001-9485-5373</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="B2B88FEF56400040E05A3CBBB0B353C4">College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="FD73F5B21B53E8826832674E023966E9">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:date id="CF1919D233707463E51CE1E5FFA2CE7F">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="8ABF8FD98063D0276E7AD33E54D63169">2024-12-17</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="899746CE440E618BEE446896FC7831E3" type="volume">
<mods:number id="935E2224E333E4608A6D6E9CBC90B836">1221</mods:number>
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<mods:classification id="196C63A202744759E8D45A338110FA32">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="C99D4D4955B15657EA145C79E00D619F" type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="7777C823EF5122089B2529E176E96A13" type="ZooBank">B61D8EFC-2753-4B88-8A36-DAB1F37D96BB</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="CFEA074E7F7C5ABB87854D63340008C1" ID-arpha="CFEA074E-7F7C-5ABB-8785-4D63340008C1" ID-zoobank="https://zoobank.org/80BEA892-2AA3-4BB4-8A21-1DE32F673C9A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CFEA074E7F7C5ABB87854D63340008C1" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:80BEA892-2AA3-4BB4-8A21-1DE32F673C9A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CFEA074E7F7C5ABB87854D63340008C1">
<subSubSection id="A84D12906CCA8A97913B63969E5D3BA2" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="42E15B52E139AEF3844F9D1FA2C70F1D">
<taxonomicName id="45E75568262A27C362B55F83DC390A71" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Synagelides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zilongi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="0BAE1D54A74C49859D3CF451514A4629" italics="true">Synagelides zilongi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="488C4775FF07F352EEDD117BB1F447FE" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F2CC0746080A366854A8EF387743BA2E" type="description">
<paragraph id="2DF0F47F2E0F164921A26356D6A58511">
<figureCitation id="5073A09A64E2C5B030B13D89A5B19AED" captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="F39" captionText="Figure 39. Male palp of Synagelides zilongi sp. nov. A D holotype and E paratype (TRU - JS 0803) A prolateral B retrolateral C ventral D dorsal E embolus and median apophysis, ventral. Abbreviations: CF cymbial flange; CR prolateral cymbial ridge; DCA dorsal cymbial apophysis; DTA dorsal tibial apophysis; E embolus; MA median apophysis; MTP membranous tegular peak; PB patellar bump of male palp; PFA prolateral femoral apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct; VTP ventral tibial process. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure39" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201147">Figs 39</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="E28F8F92B89EE3735F5572D7846696EA" captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="F40" captionText="Figure 40. Synagelides zilongi sp. nov. E, F, H J male holotype and A D, G female paratype (TRU - JS 0804) A, C epigyne, ventral B, D vulva, dorsal E, G habitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral H carapace, frontal I tibia and metatarsi I, prolateral J chelicera, ventral. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; AR atrial ridge; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A D, J); 0.5 mm (E I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure40" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201148">40</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2F83F1690908B1A4FE9F1627BA8F5D13" captionStart="Figure 48" captionStartId="F48" captionText="Figure 48. Distributional records of Irura qiuhangi sp. nov., Myrmarachne kuan sp. nov., Nandicius xiefengi sp. nov., Padillothorax exilis (Cao &amp; Li, 2016), Pancorius yingjiang sp. nov., Siler hanoicus Prószyński, 1985, Simaetha hainan sp. nov., Synagelides yidei sp. nov., and S. zilongi sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201157">48</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EL1CK" type="type material">
<paragraph id="283BAC374D0890E133B9B58AAB3CE087">
<heading id="BC855722E2D0428DDEF787A442C41349" reason="title">Type Material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A2BF9064AD14477B7E58347F00B4DBC3">
<materialsCitation id="88DCE192D4166E6EDA6970231CFE0773" collectingDate="2024-05-14" collectionCode="TRU" collectorName="C. Wang" country="China" county="Wenshan City" elevation="2730" latitude="23.369833" location="Bozhushan" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="103.9195" municipality="Wenshan National Nature Reserve" specimenCode="JS 0802" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="73EA34821A3B054A2B35C5D208169E59" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="53DE095320742D1E7F64324ABE7D5D36" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="1E2E66466D7F21F44BBB1FA2EB48D92C" count="1" type="male"></specimenCount>
(
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EW1CK" xlink_title="Tongren University">
<collectionCode id="28E4547438A23AF83131AC70732F00AF" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">TRU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
-
<specimenCode id="3CC2FEE430E63F5BB0446375471DA106" collectionCode="TRU" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E11CK" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0802
</specimenCode>
),
<collectingCountry id="C371C0619D9BFE96DC6724C156D72440" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
: •
<collectingRegion id="AE6D980333E8255AE208FDDBB959E0AB" country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="F3F696AC6F6D518D1B6252E88FFF2D82">Wenshan City</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="385B54B4D15733AE8D2E2756378B3E98">Wenshan National Nature Reserve</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="F30D0A9B8581A49806ECC6E77E262A64" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CFEA074E7F7C5ABB87854D63340008C1:F30D0A9B8581A49806ECC6E77E262A64" country="China" county="Wenshan City" latitude="23.369833" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="103.9195" municipality="Wenshan National Nature Reserve" name="Bozhushan" stateProvince="Yunnan">Bozhushan</location>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EB2CK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[103.919500,23.369833]}">
<geoCoordinate id="7FA1975FCEFA25847C37A886DD4C8E8E" degrees="23" direction="north" minutes="22.19" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="23.369833">23 ° 22.19 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="0A4140AACC3AB00E0E5DF4403D77B1DD" degrees="103" direction="east" minutes="55.17" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="103.9195">103 ° 55.17 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
, ca
<quantity id="1D3731E65725DB0B4FED1788EFE57547" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.73" unit="m" value="2730.0">
<elevation id="3C09258D1198595D9939C46D2873EDFB" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.73" unit="m" value="2730.0">2730 m</elevation>
</quantity>
),
<date id="591D2721645C50631305F969DDCD1FE9" value="2024-05-14">
<collectingDate id="269401A3F6DD627DD1CE5D7825119858" value="2024-05-14">14. V. 2024</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="D4F0510D5B654DA0C62289DEC98DB5A6">C. Wang</collectorName>
et al. leg
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="CDEBB7851A18C799B7DEA55BC8298421" collectingDate="2024-05-14" collectionCode="TRU" collectorName="C. Wang" country="China" county="Wenshan City" elevation="2730" latitude="23.369833" location="Bozhushan" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="103.9195" municipality="Wenshan National Nature Reserve" specimenCode="JS 0803-0805" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="2" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="7BB408940DBB29E1869F98630E0FF028" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="27AE0E2A815C26BBAFE69DBB827513E1" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="1E85F4D4B3C1D973E78DEC56BA70994A" count="1" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="074C37C1E67095A0641ECDD29F4102B3" count="2" type="female">2 ♀</specimenCount>
(
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJ2CK" xlink_title="Tongren University">
<collectionCode id="EEF2FC4CA30B419768B6FE0CB947FCC4" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">TRU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
-
<specimenCode id="4B7EDFE4DB3BDD7057BBD97DEBCAF3CD" collectionCode="TRU" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EN2CK" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
08030805
</specimenCode>
), same data as for holotype
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ER2CK" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="A1EE1D1A8D6435E58F3ECEE71A2A071B">
<heading id="605FAC6DF1B281170FF14A54214E5D4D" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0E84DC7507F7A0DCC99F72CE9475B9BF">
The specific name is after Mr. Zhao Zilong, who is one of the famous Shu Generals in the Three Kingdoms of ancient
<collectingCountry id="A36780CC48C874035728FFBDADC9546B" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
; noun (name) in the genitive case.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EW2CK" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="31E21F80EB20AC5D63658F343A360362">
<heading id="11AF2654C41188B7DFC73A45889214A4" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AD58D37615C266FDABED22C19F331DC1">
<taxonomicName id="871E395173D553D84B2084A646ADD696" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Synagelides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zilongi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7C8DAD908156642C33E951698C797C8B" italics="true">Synagelides zilongi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5EB53E42C6E6F4A27E72E4CFCE117EE2" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
resembles that of
<taxonomicName id="E1B59DF8AE2FEFD3CC95D2CD18594B71" authority="Yang, Zhu &amp; Song, 2007" authorityName="Yang, Zhu &amp; Song" authorityYear="2007" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Synagelides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jingzhao">
<emphasis id="1C2D33B3A2E6A395D511E9A61A73CE64" italics="true">S. jingzhao</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="6E9DFD056175214F83E6C13E17768851" author="Yang ZZ &amp; Zhu MS &amp; Song DX" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Dali University" pagination="1-4" refId="B39" refString="Yang ZZ, Zhu MS, Song DX (2007) Report of two new species of the genus Synagelides Strand, 1906 from China (Araneae: Salticidae). Journal of Dali University 6 (2): 1 - 4." title="Report of two new species of the genus Synagelides Strand, 1906 from China (Araneae: Salticidae)." volume="6" year="2007">
Yang, Zhu &amp; Song,
<quantity id="D636707F6E237E3BE8025EE052AC6B92" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.097779999999999" unit="in" value="2007.0">2007 in</quantity>
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
the habitus and general shape of copulatory organs, but can be easily distinguished by the following: 1) retrolateral tibial apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ES3CK" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="E26DC10236A4519A88385F74979D43EA">RTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) ~ 1 / 2 of cymbial length in retrolateral view (Fig.
<figureCitation id="CCF9D0764CA3F15814A003BA974CE8F2" captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="F39" captionText="Figure 39. Male palp of Synagelides zilongi sp. nov. A D holotype and E paratype (TRU - JS 0803) A prolateral B retrolateral C ventral D dorsal E embolus and median apophysis, ventral. Abbreviations: CF cymbial flange; CR prolateral cymbial ridge; DCA dorsal cymbial apophysis; DTA dorsal tibial apophysis; E embolus; MA median apophysis; MTP membranous tegular peak; PB patellar bump of male palp; PFA prolateral femoral apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct; VTP ventral tibial process. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure39" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201147">39 B</figureCitation>
) vs ~ 3 / 5 of cymbial length (
<bibRefCitation id="AEB6DD785F09D4147C7BB3DB0B5C1B97" author="Yang" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Yang" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Dali University" pagination="1-4" refId="B39" refString="Yang ZZ, Zhu MS, Song DX (2007) Report of two new species of the genus Synagelides Strand, 1906 from China (Araneae: Salticidae). Journal of Dali University 6 (2): 14." title="Report of two new species of the genus Synagelides Strand, 1906 from China (Araneae: Salticidae)." volume="6" year="2007">Yang et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 1 F); 2) epigynal hood (H) ~ 3 × longer than wide (Fig.
<figureCitation id="44BFF40C69ABEFF72D19BFC7AD1FD8A0" captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="F40" captionText="Figure 40. Synagelides zilongi sp. nov. E, F, H J male holotype and A D, G female paratype (TRU - JS 0804) A, C epigyne, ventral B, D vulva, dorsal E, G habitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral H carapace, frontal I tibia and metatarsi I, prolateral J chelicera, ventral. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; AR atrial ridge; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A D, J); 0.5 mm (E I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure40" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201148">40 A D</figureCitation>
) vs just slightly longer than wide (
<bibRefCitation id="5C8937ECA7255112CF1158C17727F2A4" author="Yang" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Yang" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Dali University" pagination="1-4" refId="B39" refString="Yang ZZ, Zhu MS, Song DX (2007) Report of two new species of the genus Synagelides Strand, 1906 from China (Araneae: Salticidae). Journal of Dali University 6 (2): 14." title="Report of two new species of the genus Synagelides Strand, 1906 from China (Araneae: Salticidae)." volume="6" year="2007">Yang et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 1 B); 3) presence of four pairs of ventral spines on tibiae I (Fig.
<figureCitation id="B47EFE6FF50A517743290F3EE578F782" captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="F40" captionText="Figure 40. Synagelides zilongi sp. nov. E, F, H J male holotype and A D, G female paratype (TRU - JS 0804) A, C epigyne, ventral B, D vulva, dorsal E, G habitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral H carapace, frontal I tibia and metatarsi I, prolateral J chelicera, ventral. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; AR atrial ridge; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A D, J); 0.5 mm (E I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure40" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201148">40 I</figureCitation>
) vs five pairs (see the description in
<bibRefCitation id="0BC389EB6F0885D415A6B644F82CFDB4" author="Yang ZZ &amp; Zhu MS &amp; Song DX" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Yang" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Dali University" page="1" pagination="1-4" refId="B39" refString="Yang ZZ, Zhu MS, Song DX (2007) Report of two new species of the genus Synagelides Strand, 1906 from China (Araneae: Salticidae). Journal of Dali University 6 (2): 14." title="Report of two new species of the genus Synagelides Strand, 1906 from China (Araneae: Salticidae)." volume="6" year="2007">Yang et al. 2007: 1</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="5A9A327884B2256F0E57F24D4D6C605A" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure39" ID-arpha="33D07A85-9FAE-5FA6-88A5-F9993D095D02" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201147" startId="F39">
<paragraph id="6665B2C3BD401AD49986B21BBB9B7322">
<label id="56305792D63BD969BF3AFC18545FCAFC">Figure 39.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BBD5F912F666EFD85C83D9055E063798">
Male palp of
<taxonomicName id="14C249E81A3675650D8277460840A3B6" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Synagelides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zilongi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="AA56FD7BAA58E2A72BC0180A5B5C170F" italics="true">Synagelides zilongi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="F3C1DD4D1A04D213DBF6E62279982587" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="035484386DF1FCC66F5BD79F44BD72A1" bold="true">A D</emphasis>
holotype and
<emphasis id="6B2E5444866F7B48E37592399F2B4C90" bold="true">E</emphasis>
paratype (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EF5CK" xlink_title="Tongren University">TRU</abbrev>
-
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJ5CK" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0803)
<emphasis id="620FC8F9CF134E4678D95EC181049181" bold="true">A</emphasis>
prolateral
<emphasis id="60D2EDB96C31AAD44CD1CB005B867B31" bold="true">B</emphasis>
retrolateral
<emphasis id="38CF7C65CC1CC3A4D0497DC03D7E6480" bold="true">C</emphasis>
ventral
<emphasis id="F62723B2618065EDE0D1C5DD5A1DB088" bold="true">D</emphasis>
dorsal
<emphasis id="5770571861DABB59BB43E31FC6B380DD" bold="true">E</emphasis>
embolus and median apophysis, ventral. Abbreviations:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EX5CK" xlink_title="cymbial flange">CF</abbrev>
cymbial flange;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E25CK" xlink_title="prolateral cymibal ridged portion">CR</abbrev>
prolateral cymbial ridge;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E65CK" xlink_title="dorsal cymbial apophysis">DCA</abbrev>
dorsal cymbial apophysis;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ED6CK" xlink_title="dorsal tibial apophysis">DTA</abbrev>
dorsal tibial apophysis; E embolus;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EH6CK" xlink_title="median apophysis">MA</abbrev>
median apophysis;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EL6CK" xlink_title="membranous tegular peak">MTP</abbrev>
membranous tegular peak;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EP6CK" xlink_title="patellar bump of male palp">PB</abbrev>
patellar bump of male palp;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ET6CK" xlink_title="prolateral femoral apophysis">PFA</abbrev>
prolateral femoral apophysis;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EX6CK" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">RTA</abbrev>
retrolateral tibial apophysis;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E26CK" xlink_title="sperm duct">SD</abbrev>
sperm duct;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E66CK" xlink_title="ventral tibial process">VTP</abbrev>
ventral tibial process. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="BD17D7C717EA2EA76E7C215A04ED9F1B" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure40" ID-arpha="C58AF074-6535-5BB1-863D-0997CA2BB331" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201148" startId="F40">
<paragraph id="F28F4EDFD71CC1A8663CF44DDE8CB742">
<label id="64D52BDC687C17DD6BA7E7C0B3F9BE47">Figure 40.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8A42D58968E6CF65901DFC358CE582CF">
<taxonomicName id="869FCB064587D403AAA0DC849893E034" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Synagelides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="zilongi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E11BE62FBC6EAC510FBE2396BDC8524E" italics="true">Synagelides zilongi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="88D5E46131850C46191BF2FB60AD9AF7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="A5FE7D38B5EEC151CF93B15CE27303B4" bold="true">E, F, H J</emphasis>
male holotype and
<emphasis id="FAD72359C41BBE64862043384A44C378" bold="true">A D, G</emphasis>
female paratype (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E6ADK" xlink_title="Tongren University">TRU</abbrev>
-
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EDBDK" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0804)
<emphasis id="F0E87930729C66415361235C22B38AA1" bold="true">A, C</emphasis>
epigyne, ventral
<emphasis id="35E7A606FBA13B92A903A41408D31BB2" bold="true">B, D</emphasis>
vulva, dorsal
<emphasis id="106C40810587D21702D16C2BEA838DB7" bold="true">E, G</emphasis>
habitus, dorsal
<emphasis id="E8ED653C225C8B2C0CF6CE7E1FCAFED2" bold="true">F</emphasis>
ditto, ventral
<emphasis id="CC0A7A2B97DF8B62B1DBED9E15949AA6" bold="true">H</emphasis>
carapace, frontal
<emphasis id="2F2FC8CCF478DEED2F217E96684FF5BC" bold="true">I</emphasis>
tibia and metatarsi I, prolateral
<emphasis id="93D90FED10A1008C28CC21B028C1F3F7" bold="true">J</emphasis>
chelicera, ventral. Abbreviations:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVBDK" xlink_title="accessory gland">AG</abbrev>
accessory gland;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZBDK" xlink_title="atrial ridge">AR</abbrev>
atrial ridge;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4BDK" xlink_title="copulatory duct">CD</abbrev>
copulatory duct;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBCDK" xlink_title="copulatory opening">CO</abbrev>
copulatory opening;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EFCDK" xlink_title="fertilization duct">FD</abbrev>
fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJCDK" xlink_title="septum">Se</abbrev>
septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (
<emphasis id="DA030AD075F83F0139B777F047F25BF7" bold="true">A D, J</emphasis>
); 0.5 mm (
<emphasis id="EEFB8A02B2D371022FF3AD6201A87C33" bold="true">E I</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EWCDK" type="description">
<paragraph id="D6A56474B015749D20F3C827BE884E80">
<heading id="E30140EDA36F45E514746A8921BAE9CC" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="23EE8444D61CFF763BE3120E4034B9F9">
<emphasis id="0E519F1E51B73878FD3AD54066227C75" bold="true">Male</emphasis>
(Figs
<geoCoordinate id="8497F6D2F838FDC49923B202C985D8EF" degrees="39, 40" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="39.4">
<figureCitation id="14D74AA8388820A16EA7D8271F12F397" captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="F39" captionText="Figure 39. Male palp of Synagelides zilongi sp. nov. A D holotype and E paratype (TRU - JS 0803) A prolateral B retrolateral C ventral D dorsal E embolus and median apophysis, ventral. Abbreviations: CF cymbial flange; CR prolateral cymbial ridge; DCA dorsal cymbial apophysis; DTA dorsal tibial apophysis; E embolus; MA median apophysis; MTP membranous tegular peak; PB patellar bump of male palp; PFA prolateral femoral apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct; VTP ventral tibial process. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure39" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201147">39</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="FD0F7205DFFADD1770ADEFF548177EF8" captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="F40" captionText="Figure 40. Synagelides zilongi sp. nov. E, F, H J male holotype and A D, G female paratype (TRU - JS 0804) A, C epigyne, ventral B, D vulva, dorsal E, G habitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral H carapace, frontal I tibia and metatarsi I, prolateral J chelicera, ventral. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; AR atrial ridge; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A D, J); 0.5 mm (E I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure40" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201148">40 E, F, H J</figureCitation>
</geoCoordinate>
). Total length 3.18. Carapace 1.43 long, 1.09 wide. Abdomen 1.72 long, 0.78 wide. Eye sizes and inter-distances:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EGDDK" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.34,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EKDDK" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.19,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EODDK" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.18,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ESDDK" xlink_title="anterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="DD7D4EF62AFA00238305B33D8EAE1CE3">AERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.02,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EWDDK" xlink_title="posterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="861039B4734EFE8159B3CF972EA5E474">PERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.11,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E1DDK" xlink_title="eye field length">EFL</abbrev>
0.83. Legs: I 4.54 (1.38, 1.20, 1.13, 0.50, 0.33), II 2.53 (0.75, 0.40, 0.60, 0.50, 0.28), III 2.59 (0.75, 0.38, 0.60, 0.58, 0.28), IV 3.49 (0.95, 0.48, 0.93, 0.83, 0.30). Carapace yellow-brown to dark, with longitudinal, dark, thin stripe centrally on cephalon. Legs slender, with four and two pairs of ventral spines on patellae and metatarsi I. Dorsum of abdomen dark, with pair of anterolateral, pale dots followed by paired, dark yellow dots, and inconsistent, transverse, white stripes bearing sparse white setae medially; venter pale, mingled with dark, with longitudinal, dark stripe extending from epigastric groove to posterior 1 / 3.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FB12A6C883F2FA8E2A68626ED49F6B90">
<emphasis id="FBF66968413345FFA3C960A2A1EFA589" bold="true" italics="true">Palp</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="B2C6E691F046FD337A491E74B2B53BB3" captionStart="Figure 39" captionStartId="F39" captionText="Figure 39. Male palp of Synagelides zilongi sp. nov. A D holotype and E paratype (TRU - JS 0803) A prolateral B retrolateral C ventral D dorsal E embolus and median apophysis, ventral. Abbreviations: CF cymbial flange; CR prolateral cymbial ridge; DCA dorsal cymbial apophysis; DTA dorsal tibial apophysis; E embolus; MA median apophysis; MTP membranous tegular peak; PB patellar bump of male palp; PFA prolateral femoral apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct; VTP ventral tibial process. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure39" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201147">39 A E</figureCitation>
): femur length / width ratio ca 1.67; patella ~ 1.5 × longer than wide; tibia ~ 1 / 3 patellar length; dorsal tibial apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJEDK" xlink_title="dorsal tibial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="37E72A32948B6BC4761F35AF81CB8842">DTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) strongly sclerotized, directed towards ca 1: 30 oclock position apically in retrolateral view; retrolateral tibial apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENEDK" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="4B037D1FC05C695AD8FCB1DDC33805F6">RTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) tapered into pointed tip reaches base of median apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EREDK" xlink_title="median apophysis">MA</abbrev>
), with small, spinous ramus located on ventral margin of anterior 1 / 3; cymbium with prolateral ridged portion (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVEDK" xlink_title="prolateral cymibal ridged portion">CR</abbrev>
), and blunt baso-dorsal apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZEDK" xlink_title="dorsal cymbial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="3A6B1828CD9D2ED371EA936B949A09C6">DCA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
); tegulum swollen; median apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4EDK" xlink_title="median apophysis">MA</abbrev>
) irregular, retrolateral to embolus; embolus (E) broadened at base, twisted into blunt end.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="95B23888D83C4610902882D552366431">
<emphasis id="B966A3F450B75F9C66BEC9810446F7D4" bold="true">Female</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="12BD14ED7FB093FFABFFB06A2433442B" captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="F40" captionText="Figure 40. Synagelides zilongi sp. nov. E, F, H J male holotype and A D, G female paratype (TRU - JS 0804) A, C epigyne, ventral B, D vulva, dorsal E, G habitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral H carapace, frontal I tibia and metatarsi I, prolateral J chelicera, ventral. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; AR atrial ridge; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A D, J); 0.5 mm (E I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure40" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201148">40 A D, G</figureCitation>
). Total length 4.45. Carapace 1.88 long, 1.39 wide. Abdomen 2.58 long, 1.36 wide. Eye sizes and inter-distances:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJFDK" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.42,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENFDK" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.24,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERFDK" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.21,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVFDK" xlink_title="anterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="E85922ED55031D8942E534A3AC12A1DA">AERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.29,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZFDK" xlink_title="posterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="4CD942C8E159BB9B3D4E39A3FC0E93EC">PERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.42,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4FDK" xlink_title="eye field length">EFL</abbrev>
1.01. Legs: I 4.27 (1.28, 0.98, 1.13, 0.55, 0.33), II 2.89 (0.88, 0.45, 0.68, 0.58, 0.30), III 3.07 (0.88, 0.43, 0.73, 0.73, 0.30), IV 4.27 (1.20, 0.58, 1.13, 1.03, 0.33). Habitus (Fig.
<figureCitation id="901E11D86B1F40A5F72E13B78EB3B975" captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="F40" captionText="Figure 40. Synagelides zilongi sp. nov. E, F, H J male holotype and A D, G female paratype (TRU - JS 0804) A, C epigyne, ventral B, D vulva, dorsal E, G habitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral H carapace, frontal I tibia and metatarsi I, prolateral J chelicera, ventral. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; AR atrial ridge; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A D, J); 0.5 mm (E I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure40" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201148">40 G</figureCitation>
) similar to that of male except paler and wider abdomen.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="91696709B90DE0C03F5070BD4FC64B7C">
<emphasis id="AE02A932076F78D5122B00ED35EA9296" bold="true" italics="true">Epigyne</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="6D0278D4E5D1CB5BE01C91A132AD7FC1" captionStart="Figure 40" captionStartId="F40" captionText="Figure 40. Synagelides zilongi sp. nov. E, F, H J male holotype and A D, G female paratype (TRU - JS 0804) A, C epigyne, ventral B, D vulva, dorsal E, G habitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral H carapace, frontal I tibia and metatarsi I, prolateral J chelicera, ventral. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; AR atrial ridge; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A D, J); 0.5 mm (E I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure40" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201148">40 A D</figureCitation>
) ~ 1.15 × longer than wide, with tube-shaped anterior hood (H) ~ 3 × longer than wide; atrium (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQGDK" xlink_title="atrium">At</abbrev>
) oval, with pair of arc-shaped lateral ridges (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EUGDK" xlink_title="atrial ridge">AR</abbrev>
); septum (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYGDK" xlink_title="septum">Se</abbrev>
) wide, narrowest medially; copulatory openings (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3GDK" xlink_title="copulatory opening">CO</abbrev>
) baso-lateral to narrowest portion of septum; copulatory ducts (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EAHDK" xlink_title="copulatory duct">
<collectionCode id="D63785C885A9EEE5E7CA396A9B8AA7E5">CD</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) slender, curved into U-shape at anterior 2 / 3, with short, bar-shaped accessory glands (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EEHDK" xlink_title="accessory gland">
<collectionCode id="20CD054715C29C2700F1122EB027AEA4">AG</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
); spermathecae (S) elongate-oval, touching each other, ~ 1.8 × longer than wide.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EIHDK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="3C8C3C9AC83A129CDBA5980BD7FF5A22">
<heading id="955F0E75D407A8A2591ED90EABF14138" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="333163E67252D549B81A797475EB4A12">
Known only from the
<typeStatus id="155F72D12844DECBE4F3272EFA9A52C1">type</typeStatus>
locality in
<collectingRegion id="DC76A213D6F2D8B39BA7C8093339067D" country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="5AF5ACF1D32D253C4AAF374645CD5BA9" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="75194EDFC7B5F71FA28E2676A8F0307A" captionStart="Figure 48" captionStartId="F48" captionText="Figure 48. Distributional records of Irura qiuhangi sp. nov., Myrmarachne kuan sp. nov., Nandicius xiefengi sp. nov., Padillothorax exilis (Cao &amp; Li, 2016), Pancorius yingjiang sp. nov., Siler hanoicus Prószyński, 1985, Simaetha hainan sp. nov., Synagelides yidei sp. nov., and S. zilongi sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201157">48</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="623848EAEED66515BF1426A153565927">Taxonomic notes of jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae) from Guangxi, Hainan, Sichuan, Xizang and Yunnan, China</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="0709029DB1B65B4AB2FD2F7C7076E37A">Wang, Cheng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="F622B73E938513307D2E2E09A11CAE88">Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in the Fanjing Mountain Region, Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou 554300, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="8A282F1A4E4779BDC4473BC3955D5669">Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China &amp; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:classification id="9C1BEBC789673ED9C11F5BBB786373B3">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="EA7AEAE224B1F6CD9B2E7CECBCFE6B3F" type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1585852C9EB140C6F3D312D48851B3C7" type="ZooBank">B61D8EFC-2753-4B88-8A36-DAB1F37D96BB</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="D97273904E185BA380E7D6979E1FF064" ID-arpha="D9727390-4E18-5BA3-80E7-D6979E1FF064" ID-zoobank="https://zoobank.org/7FCE4F94-E617-42E1-AC89-FC806BB826A7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D97273904E185BA380E7D6979E1FF064" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:7FCE4F94-E617-42E1-AC89-FC806BB826A7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/D97273904E185BA380E7D6979E1FF064">
<subSubSection id="F1DAA0DDE425110BD3ACBAEEC226D154" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="9933A42CC63AA77C95539FEB3A57ABEB">
<taxonomicName id="A2D60B9DDFFEA53F37BC49DFB6429152" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Simaetha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hainan" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="7A7407735A100222FEE6AEC0DDDFD269" italics="true">Simaetha hainan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="CBAF11B065139E23367870E8D78A545B" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D91BBA75ED7B0B3D3E764BBCDEFBD391" type="description">
<paragraph id="DCCE32F59B1E6D4063C20DF1F5386DC7">
<figureCitation id="2533B8E6EE8426F7F539BBE4ECF2FDBE" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Male palp of Simaetha hainan sp. nov., holotype A ventral B retrolateral C dorsal. Abbreviations: CP cymbial process; E embolus; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201134">Figs 27</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2247F17E809509BD56286D29AA8450FB" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Simaetha hainan sp. nov. C, D, F, G male holotype and A, B, E female paratype (IZCAS - Ar 45285) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, E habitus, dorsal D ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, anterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; AS anterior chamber of spermatheca; CD copulatory duct; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; PS posterior chamber of spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201135">28</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="546A79257732DF12D7BFC6C8DB15BAF8" captionStart="Figure 48" captionStartId="F48" captionText="Figure 48. Distributional records of Irura qiuhangi sp. nov., Myrmarachne kuan sp. nov., Nandicius xiefengi sp. nov., Padillothorax exilis (Cao &amp; Li, 2016), Pancorius yingjiang sp. nov., Siler hanoicus Prószyński, 1985, Simaetha hainan sp. nov., Synagelides yidei sp. nov., and S. zilongi sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201157">48</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E3BAK" type="type material">
<paragraph id="8C55AD1F3AF13D591282244DE0DE40AE">
<heading id="2ED019CE6920F5B31A7F83E15B167A44" reason="title">Type material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1E0E53D03AD474E091EC643DE575F953">
<materialsCitation id="51613334FD02AFC3366ECC3CAB7B0550" collectingDate="2009-04-15" collectionCode="IZCAS" collectorName="G. Tang" country="China" county="Lingshui County" elevation="80" latitude="18.666" location="Diaoluoshan National Nature Reserve" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="109.59683" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Hainan" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="FC2C92A28B7B500074C157542514330D" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="CDDE5E52A13A52BFF26B1A70B6494577" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="302494BD99D8DD611CC857E182C7594A" count="1" type="male"></specimenCount>
(
<named-content id="823D781FE5727E656E20956F71475BFB" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/institute-zoology-chinese-academy-sciences" xlink_title="Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences">
<collectionCode id="D6AA1AD84F9536EE98332872B746A67B" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/crjh-4ne1" name="Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences" type="">IZCAS</collectionCode>
</named-content>
- Ar 45284),
<collectingCountry id="707E913D599A7E4D81FA969BD92FC340" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
: •
<collectingRegion id="87F6D4F575E8302AC186905169A73510" country="China" name="Hainan">Hainan Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="996ECAD6E8702FEEE2CD727BDADB2401">Lingshui County</collectingCounty>
,
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(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EOCAK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[109.596833,18.666000]}">
<geoCoordinate id="1CCE356A12E3F81C55BB1BE7D7FD344C" degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="39.96" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="18.666">18 ° 39.96 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1EDDC52B65BE000D292EC6FB2FF0C3C1" degrees="109" direction="east" minutes="35.81" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="109.59683">109 ° 35.81 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
, ca
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<elevation id="8CAC18E4B1DCDEC12B778AFFA4B0BF9B" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" unit="m" value="80.0">80 m</elevation>
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),
<date id="FEC396041F2FB9C51F73362C95C9CFB6" value="2009-04-15">
<collectingDate id="85830130FCC2273303D31B19743353E5" value="2009-04-15">15. IV. 2009</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="BBB02CFA309E5769AC4A1FA6CA22F4E3">G. Tang</collectorName>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="445F59B1BD80AA7A0F6FC85B92ADB6F9" collectingDate="2009-04-15" collectionCode="IZCAS" collectorName="G. Tang" country="China" county="Lingshui County" elevation="80" latitude="18.666" location="Ar" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="109.59683" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Hainan" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B460B94F7066ABC7614D0A8BC8FF22C8" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="CC5C3AD9072D4E52CC9553F0507DBA07" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="10AAEA5E80FA51E1EA38FE0EBD57B4DC" count="1" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
(
<named-content id="BDE069D646D85014C4FFB49541A4B10B" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/institute-zoology-chinese-academy-sciences" xlink_title="Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences">
<collectionCode id="2E94DF9395DCE97FEFD87327C4D91385" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/crjh-4ne1" name="Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences" type="">IZCAS</collectionCode>
</named-content>
-
<location id="E963322850C9CE8DACD5E82D53BCDFE5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D97273904E185BA380E7D6979E1FF064:E963322850C9CE8DACD5E82D53BCDFE5" name="Ar">Ar</location>
45285), same data as for holotype
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="744B0F5B2AD49D79AFBD3612519CAEF3" collectingDate="2009-04-16" collectionCode="IZCAS" collectorName="G. Tang" country="China" elevation="580" latitude="18.674" location="Ar" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="109.87867" municipality="Diaoluoshan National Nature Reserve" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Hainan" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="EA37DD6E533CA0B75717ADB14367B9CB" count="1" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
(
<named-content id="3D592E4C53CD10BA30B6D5AF47E3EB3D" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/institute-zoology-chinese-academy-sciences" xlink_title="Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences">
<collectionCode id="7BEFE2D0402F11278287A463FA41793F" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/crjh-4ne1" name="Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences" type="">IZCAS</collectionCode>
</named-content>
-
<location id="DA29945D79B4637CB126A991031A2CFB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D97273904E185BA380E7D6979E1FF064:DA29945D79B4637CB126A991031A2CFB" country="China" latitude="18.674" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="109.87867" municipality="Diaoluoshan National Nature Reserve" name="Ar" stateProvince="Hainan">Ar</location>
45286),
<collectingMunicipality id="E2341A71DFEBA95FEE391FA874B1D2FA">Diaoluoshan National Nature Reserve</collectingMunicipality>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EBDAK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[109.878667,18.674000]}">
<geoCoordinate id="2EB1715464EA06634601F54FE83F0E8F" degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="40.44" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="18.674">18 ° 40.44 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="78D2D03F71B5E3A83D936FC21BB4B266" degrees="109" direction="east" minutes="52.72" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="109.87867">109 ° 52.72 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
, ca
<quantity id="DC06CE82ED292CAF05A57201E270DE75" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" unit="m" value="580.0">
<elevation id="6AB7E1D44D1C7F5DC50C6E7478DB3371" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" unit="m" value="580.0">580 m</elevation>
</quantity>
),
<date id="DDDCE6AFC2FE1139214AF2977A0E135E" value="2009-04-16">
<collectingDate id="0311826F33EC2F46F843DF124DBF2BE2" value="2009-04-16">16. IV. 2009</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="797625CE4B31E5B574BCF07A57B33A68">G. Tang</collectorName>
leg
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="2EC991986A82D24420BF5690485B47E7" collectingDate="2010-08-10" collectionCode="IZCAS" collectorName="G. Tang" country="China" elevation="490" latitude="18.674" location="Ar" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="109.87666" municipality="Diaoluoshan National Nature Reserve" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Hainan" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="E253133D1E378957CAA2933CED2E3A02" count="1" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
(
<named-content id="AA6B2051FE2B59A44D2B4D137A6329E6" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/institute-zoology-chinese-academy-sciences" xlink_title="Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences">
<collectionCode id="AF76BC45459348635C89B4AF4BFCDB44" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/crjh-4ne1" name="Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences" type="">IZCAS</collectionCode>
</named-content>
-
<location id="472FFD3B4E8FA0D2C4D540A078393017" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D97273904E185BA380E7D6979E1FF064:472FFD3B4E8FA0D2C4D540A078393017" country="China" latitude="18.674" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="109.87666" municipality="Diaoluoshan National Nature Reserve" name="Ar" stateProvince="Hainan">Ar</location>
45287),
<collectingMunicipality id="622E9747B985EA7D5649DCFF2EEDC75B">Diaoluoshan National Nature Reserve</collectingMunicipality>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0ENDAK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[109.876667,18.674000]}">
<geoCoordinate id="316212C6333D962B6730C8D8D2B4CDFF" degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="40.44" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="18.674">18 ° 40.44 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1B6A1A286D6A5E9411C6A72347F5C555" degrees="109" direction="east" minutes="52.60" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="109.87666">109 ° 52.60 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
, ca
<quantity id="926765E6F9447F9B480074BFB68ED29C" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" unit="m" value="490.0">
<elevation id="CDD879178E4C1D23DEC6A1BA5DA63C22" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" unit="m" value="490.0">490 m</elevation>
</quantity>
),
<date id="D7C6647A21CAA45E374B713BBA425AA5" value="2010-08-10">
<collectingDate id="13E13E343E0BDC2C8A91A443DE17A5E2" value="2010-08-10">10. VIII. 2010</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="4CA69A94D372A6010C02860F9B2A44D3">G. Tang</collectorName>
leg
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="1B344BD9E4B50B73CC61C99DB874E452" collectingDate="2010-08-25" collectionCode="IZCAS" collectorName="G. Zhou" country="China" county="Qiongzhong County" elevation="690" latitude="19.050833" location="Ar" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="109.5625" municipality="Yinggezui Station" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Hainan" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="CF257542B8391E51047F840E56A1E521" count="1" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
(
<named-content id="B6DAB0EF4D2E66653FA16986CB25DC16" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/institute-zoology-chinese-academy-sciences" xlink_title="Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences">
<collectionCode id="4C6B0FBC4299481F94FA63A9190EAFC0" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/crjh-4ne1" name="Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences" type="">IZCAS</collectionCode>
</named-content>
-
<location id="DAF55014D1E36DA6B277BF3AF098D2E9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D97273904E185BA380E7D6979E1FF064:DAF55014D1E36DA6B277BF3AF098D2E9" country="China" county="Qiongzhong County" latitude="19.050833" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="109.5625" municipality="Yinggezui Station" name="Ar" stateProvince="Hainan">Ar</location>
42288),
<collectingCounty id="DEB70E9291C2ABE88517AC5E858DB691">Qiongzhong County</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="746B27290A356CA2A2E0BC2BE9A8BB15" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D97273904E185BA380E7D6979E1FF064:746B27290A356CA2A2E0BC2BE9A8BB15" country="China" county="Qiongzhong County" latitude="19.050833" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="109.5625" municipality="Yinggezui Station" name="Yinggeling National Nature Reserve" stateProvince="Hainan">Yinggeling National Nature Reserve</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="93EFDD98239000500E1A8C3B6FF0252C">Yinggezui Station</collectingMunicipality>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EZDAK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[109.562500,19.050833]}">
<geoCoordinate id="D6E83C54A4836A4A162B2A537C378B10" degrees="19" direction="north" minutes="03.05" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="19.050833">19 ° 03.05 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="CED19F2E5E29AC03B1A15B1CEF39E154" degrees="109" direction="east" minutes="33.75" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="109.5625">109 ° 33.75 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
, ca
<quantity id="CA956C17DBF4B212EB87E0E3C79790D7" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.9" unit="m" value="690.0">
<elevation id="7804F5CE4C5D3E194143CCB146BD89B3" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.9" unit="m" value="690.0">690 m</elevation>
</quantity>
),
<date id="9EC9CC41B5CA5E7FB2FF37932770A616" value="2010-08-25">
<collectingDate id="1A7987C0E31833693F30272EE364D251" value="2010-08-25">25. VIII. 2010</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="30582993FA19FA5A4C3126FB40836B65">G. Zhou</collectorName>
leg
</materialsCitation>
; •
<materialsCitation id="6DD2E3C796FEFA0A3C712E943987E8E6" collectingDate="2019-04-16" collectionCode="TRU" collectorName="C. Wang &amp; Y. F. Yang" country="China" county="Ledong County" elevation="1400" latitude="18.7185" location="National Nature Reserve" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="108.872" municipality="Main Peak" specimenCode="JS 0772-0773" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Hainan" typeStatus="paratype">
<specimenCount id="FE00A03508DB0ED4BEBC4BD132966819" count="2" type="male">2 ♂</specimenCount>
(
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E5DAK" xlink_title="Tongren University">
<collectionCode id="BD5CDD21EE83083E81A97E2C7C375023" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">TRU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
-
<specimenCode id="4F95D30CD78A26FFB1A5E8F67E68DEBA" collectionCode="TRU" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ECEAK" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
07720773
</specimenCode>
),
<collectingCounty id="AED40B7739200F58394100C0F3E2468E">Ledong County</collectingCounty>
, Jianfeng Township, Jianfengling
<location id="6C990634305524FF620D3362D1B05040" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:D97273904E185BA380E7D6979E1FF064:6C990634305524FF620D3362D1B05040" country="China" county="Ledong County" latitude="18.7185" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="108.872" municipality="Main Peak" name="National Nature Reserve" stateProvince="Hainan">National Nature Reserve</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="D943A0A55DF4C79D2AA211BB920557B7">Main Peak</collectingMunicipality>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EJEAK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[108.872000,18.718500]}">
<geoCoordinate id="A1D58D1544E3562F58772756D6918627" degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="43.11" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="18.7185">18 ° 43.11 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="C63B36E793191EF7F60D2E76060992B0" degrees="108" direction="east" minutes="52.32" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="108.872">108 ° 52.32 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
, ca
<quantity id="3A00739FD3FEC69FA344B79765467E4B" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" unit="m" value="1400.0">
<elevation id="6C7890DE2A468131AD2BE316586DC6AF" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" unit="m" value="1400.0">1400 m</elevation>
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),
<date id="A41F1900594DD9F7A8801A7B46093B8F" value="2019-04-16">
<collectingDate id="57F71B3EBD670723DAAB734781EC57C0" value="2019-04-16">16. IV. 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="540F1663D289BF29E6C1849FCF7E9BE7">C. Wang</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="702ECFD1FBA14A12B19ACFE304644079">Y. F. Yang</collectorName>
leg.
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EOEAK" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="F84B5CC49929A96B244D2963AB5A72D3">
<heading id="2A69425BDF0FAEA9D9AE84F180BAFBFA" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4B942123C956F58301E51F72E7050798">
The specific name is after the
<typeStatus id="BEB12528120D2D166F218D6387CCB924">type</typeStatus>
locality,
<collectingRegion id="5FBA0B56F6AA56EEB079714C0D1DDB7D" country="China" name="Hainan">Hainan</collectingRegion>
; noun in apposition.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ETEAK" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8F33085244A312B4C805E2D4D0D20CD9">
<heading id="EA474FE4E890D18931D1F2E4AB6C4EEF" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="71AB496165403F99DD88EEA063B428B8">
<taxonomicName id="8D09DED04709D97D1BD3E7DC4C10FEC7" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Simaetha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hainan" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E7F5555AFCDEA257D2089CC04B17D427" italics="true">Simaetha hainan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="25B1385DD4449BB0EB263A1B7DA1C9D8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
resembles that of
<taxonomicName id="A19CF69685713EB7EAC991EF0AC9E048" authority="Wang &amp; Li, 2021" authorityName="Wang &amp; Li" authorityYear="2021" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Simaetha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cheni">
<emphasis id="DBEE2081DB239046BF5BB57578B446FE" italics="true">S. cheni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="7F683C7A95FDEE563E9A6EB868CA01C5" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1062.72531" author="Wang C &amp; Li S" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="123-155" refId="B29" refString="Wang C, Li S (2021) On ten species of jumping spiders from Xishuangbanna, China (Araneae, Salticidae). ZooKeys 1062: 123 - 155. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 1062.72531" title="On ten species of jumping spiders from Xishuangbanna, China (Araneae, Salticidae)." volume="1062" year="2021">Wang &amp; Li, 2021</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, in having the blade-shaped retrolateral tibial apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EPFAK" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="9AF644DB75B01930AE8C6CE00EB5472B">RTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
), the presence of antero-marginal protuberances on anterior surface of chelicerae, but differs in: 1) embolus (E) straight (Fig.
<figureCitation id="68FCD334E9BA4840BABF290C6652A856" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Male palp of Simaetha hainan sp. nov., holotype A ventral B retrolateral C dorsal. Abbreviations: CP cymbial process; E embolus; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201134">27 A</figureCitation>
) vs curved prolaterally at distal portion (
<bibRefCitation id="A3803C751B5943734932150B2C63952F" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1062.72531" author="Wang and Li" firstAuthor="Wang" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="123-155" refId="B29" refString="Wang C, Li S (2021) On ten species of jumping spiders from Xishuangbanna, China (Araneae, Salticidae). ZooKeys 1062: 123155. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1062.72531" title="On ten species of jumping spiders from Xishuangbanna, China (Araneae, Salticidae)." volume="1062" year="2021">Wang and Li 2021</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 18 B); 2) tibia slightly longer than wide in retrolateral view (Fig.
<figureCitation id="0EB729924845D68F61020A5191B86CEB" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Male palp of Simaetha hainan sp. nov., holotype A ventral B retrolateral C dorsal. Abbreviations: CP cymbial process; E embolus; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201134">27 B</figureCitation>
) vs wider than long (
<bibRefCitation id="4F4BA42E21C7E7B5A5067C7666C84D76" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1062.72531" author="Wang and Li" firstAuthor="Wang" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="123-155" refId="B29" refString="Wang C, Li S (2021) On ten species of jumping spiders from Xishuangbanna, China (Araneae, Salticidae). ZooKeys 1062: 123155. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1062.72531" title="On ten species of jumping spiders from Xishuangbanna, China (Araneae, Salticidae)." volume="1062" year="2021">Wang and Li 2021</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 18 C); 3) epigynal hood (H) posteriorly located, and approximately half the length of anterior chamber of spermatheca (Fig.
<figureCitation id="AD1AFD067E2464D5AFE059E1BCEF3C51" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Simaetha hainan sp. nov. C, D, F, G male holotype and A, B, E female paratype (IZCAS - Ar 45285) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, E habitus, dorsal D ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, anterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; AS anterior chamber of spermatheca; CD copulatory duct; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; PS posterior chamber of spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201135">28 A</figureCitation>
) vs anteriorly located and &lt;1 / 4 length of anterior chamber of spermatheca (
<bibRefCitation id="1D7A11D9D7AE0EE5E2A578D728B37EF8" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1062.72531" author="Wang and Li" firstAuthor="Wang" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="123-155" refId="B29" refString="Wang C, Li S (2021) On ten species of jumping spiders from Xishuangbanna, China (Araneae, Salticidae). ZooKeys 1062: 123155. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1062.72531" title="On ten species of jumping spiders from Xishuangbanna, China (Araneae, Salticidae)." volume="1062" year="2021">Wang and Li 2021</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 19 A, B).
</paragraph>
<caption id="358080EDFFCCA248841C8DB63603DA79" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure27" ID-arpha="DC619FA0-9DFA-506D-9C73-2998A7793D73" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201134" startId="F27">
<paragraph id="79185C8A55EAF09B6E4A775B411B446D">
<label id="5C0BECDB380CFCD8ECCBC6F4EAEC2FA3">Figure 27.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="43F4AE4A2AB3BD5A17F181AE5114137E">
Male palp of
<taxonomicName id="1AC705C04BF5274514551DA39A16F88D" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Simaetha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hainan" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="C7FA925ED3B61A3DD3791394506F4406" italics="true">Simaetha hainan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5432DCF9C22A13C33CF4CF631270FEAE" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype
<emphasis id="9DDC4CD20C42ED4DF512EEB6C68CA2C7" bold="true">A</emphasis>
ventral
<emphasis id="D38DE386F7118AC862C41E0D46E7DF4C" bold="true">B</emphasis>
retrolateral
<emphasis id="DD60F3C5ADC478AC0E3EAB3BF6DC2533" bold="true">C</emphasis>
dorsal. Abbreviations:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EEHAK" xlink_title="cymbial process">CP</abbrev>
cymbial process; E embolus;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EIHAK" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">RTA</abbrev>
retrolateral tibial apophysis;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMHAK" xlink_title="sperm duct">SD</abbrev>
sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="158E2AC9659923BD288731B21E6080E7" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure28" ID-arpha="017E95EB-005D-5FBC-8C64-35EE588F3A6A" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201135" startId="F28">
<paragraph id="1434CD6318AD36EC49B587D9B12CAE03">
<label id="235B7FF6C3E25875D3C884E3C2AAB5A2">Figure 28.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CEBD8C5985A21F9E344D7EAA9A346A82">
<taxonomicName id="6946654191C01585DA460CC92505F460" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Simaetha" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hainan" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E7C9EF054AFF172648EA3C52EFAEE9CA" italics="true">Simaetha hainan</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="8FBA8BEC53A439D08DEE613F1F770657" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="8BC5779F5D1294174CE0F7E82183EE4A" bold="true">C, D, F, G</emphasis>
male holotype and
<emphasis id="0DB11A28EF2F8728A1EEE1215644E2CE" bold="true">A, B, E</emphasis>
female paratype (
<named-content id="169C6F5BB5F0131279FD3C1CCB234E52" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/institute-zoology-chinese-academy-sciences" xlink_title="Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences">IZCAS</named-content>
- Ar 45285)
<emphasis id="F19B969F9328536A3081BA39D4381421" bold="true">A</emphasis>
epigyne, ventral
<emphasis id="0E761D1F89932B5AF78F7A43084AC2A8" bold="true">B</emphasis>
vulva, dorsal
<emphasis id="ED1B08212694CFBDCCC20A110BD27A64" bold="true">C, E</emphasis>
habitus, dorsal
<emphasis id="E916CE320DF50AF790A8B9256CEDC599" bold="true">D</emphasis>
ditto, ventral
<emphasis id="80383DF3FA90F74C77A16F8142FF9FC7" bold="true">F</emphasis>
carapace, frontal
<emphasis id="9F6EB64B576B80E376EA408864CFA81A" bold="true">G</emphasis>
chelicera, anterior. Abbreviations:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3IAK" xlink_title="accessory gland">AG</abbrev>
accessory gland;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EAJAK" xlink_title="anterior chamber of spermatheca">AS</abbrev>
anterior chamber of spermatheca;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EEJAK" xlink_title="copulatory duct">CD</abbrev>
copulatory duct;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EIJAK" xlink_title="fertilization duct">FD</abbrev>
fertilization duct; H epigynal hood;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMJAK" xlink_title="posterior chamber of spermatheca">PS</abbrev>
posterior chamber of spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (
<emphasis id="B8DB6AC0A2DA5E21F2FF6ECD05B849DC" bold="true">A, B, G</emphasis>
); 0.5 mm (
<emphasis id="17B7B53F6E538CF3FEA4747861DB8BBC" bold="true">C F</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EZJAK" type="description">
<paragraph id="0D5F837F25A93FA7CBFD0EB89DA958C3">
<heading id="19A9466F2A2797A1125033031F797517" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A522EC2F5EF66D5BF4FE37C61949B03A">
<emphasis id="4B4B989EDAE4A4424FB83CABE9587D2E" bold="true">Male</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation id="FE0793A6BA158EB5EABF57B5FC671385" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Male palp of Simaetha hainan sp. nov., holotype A ventral B retrolateral C dorsal. Abbreviations: CP cymbial process; E embolus; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201134">27</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="AA9DB81DD398B75D71106AB338B4B2F6" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Simaetha hainan sp. nov. C, D, F, G male holotype and A, B, E female paratype (IZCAS - Ar 45285) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, E habitus, dorsal D ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, anterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; AS anterior chamber of spermatheca; CD copulatory duct; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; PS posterior chamber of spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201135">28 C, D, F, G</figureCitation>
). Total length 2.74. Carapace 1.32 long, 1.08 wide. Abdomen 1.50 long, 1.06 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJKAK" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.32,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENKAK" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.16,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERKAK" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.16,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVKAK" xlink_title="anterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="354F075E2C6AE5304A18FC465346ABCB">AERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
0.90,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZKAK" xlink_title="posterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="3863681CA9108C89EB05A7A05BD146BF">PERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.04,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4KAK" xlink_title="eye field length">EFL</abbrev>
0.64. Legs: I 2.41 (0.78, 0.50, 050, 0.33, 0.30), II 1.76 (0.53, 0.30, 0.38, 0.30, 0.25), III 1.63 (0.50, 0.25, 0.33, 0.30, 0.25), IV 2.06 (0.73, 0.30, 0.45, 0.33, 0.25). Carapace red-brown, covered with pale and golden scales, with central dark patch on cephalon. Chelicerae red-yellow, with base-lateral protuberances on anterior surface, two promarginal teeth and one retromarginal fissidentate tooth with two cusps. Leg I robust, with enlarged femora, and three and two pairs of ventral spines on tibiae and metatarsi, respectively. Dorsum of abdomen red-brown, covered completely by large scutum; venter brown, with two pairs of dotted lines medially.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D295B41809EC18B45867A691512E84FB">
<emphasis id="ED504859053AE14D89280209BD97CF2E" bold="true" italics="true">Palp</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="C172574D9D65E30976F9802F35C4C860" captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Male palp of Simaetha hainan sp. nov., holotype A ventral B retrolateral C dorsal. Abbreviations: CP cymbial process; E embolus; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201134">27 A C</figureCitation>
): femur length / width ratio ca 3.2; patella ~ 1.5 × longer than wide in retrolateral view; tibia slightly longer than wide, with lamellar retrolateral apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMLAK" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="A71F9484C25F2029369F020806C0AE83">RTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) acutely narrowed at distal portion and blunt apically in dorsal view; cymbium ~ 1.8 × longer than wide, with baso-retrolateral process (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQLAK" xlink_title="cymbial process">CP</abbrev>
); tegulum oval; embolus (E) originating at ca 10: 30 oclock position, straight, tapered to rather blunt tip.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5071B9CA0F97130EBD0C24E59EC733F4">
<emphasis id="E50163310F653CF79C7085D639E49F37" bold="true">Female</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="132CA42C8C673D653E1659687D16D3D1" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Simaetha hainan sp. nov. C, D, F, G male holotype and A, B, E female paratype (IZCAS - Ar 45285) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, E habitus, dorsal D ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, anterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; AS anterior chamber of spermatheca; CD copulatory duct; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; PS posterior chamber of spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201135">28 A, B, E</figureCitation>
). Total length 3.16. Carapace 1.34 long, 1.07 wide. Abdomen 1.95 long, 1.08 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3LAK" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.32,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EAMAK" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.17,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EEMAK" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.17,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EIMAK" xlink_title="anterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="863574E26821DD4B18AFD5FD5F4545E4">AERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
0.97,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMMAK" xlink_title="posterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="8969FB3A97EAB636CF5949A77E0C74BC">PERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.08,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQMAK" xlink_title="eye field length">EFL</abbrev>
0.74. Legs: I 2.11 (0.75, 0.45, 0.38, 0.28, 0.25), II 1.89 (0.58, 0.35, 0.38, 0.33, 0.25), III 1.68 (0.50, 0.25, 0.35, 0.33, 0.25), IV 2.24 (0.83, 0.28, 0.50, 0.38, 0.25). Habitus (Fig.
<figureCitation id="9E74B4A58D9FA5E3A1C411BE75C945E4" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Simaetha hainan sp. nov. C, D, F, G male holotype and A, B, E female paratype (IZCAS - Ar 45285) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, E habitus, dorsal D ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, anterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; AS anterior chamber of spermatheca; CD copulatory duct; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; PS posterior chamber of spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201135">28 E</figureCitation>
) similar to that of male except without base-lateral protuberances on anterior surface of chelicerae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E24BBE1A139C9F2038D12A1B7535F915">
<emphasis id="ED3251531168FFA7E8E711A554CCE368" bold="true" italics="true">Epigyne</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="5CE1FEA9D8E12943E73FE4198A554C7C" captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Simaetha hainan sp. nov. C, D, F, G male holotype and A, B, E female paratype (IZCAS - Ar 45285) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, E habitus, dorsal D ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, anterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; AS anterior chamber of spermatheca; CD copulatory duct; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; PS posterior chamber of spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201135">28 A, B</figureCitation>
) ~ 1.7 × wider than long, with posterior, sub-triangular hood (H) ~ 1 / 2 length of anterior chamber of spermatheca (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EDNAK" xlink_title="anterior chamber of spermatheca">
<collectingCountry id="93E2FA03734E2BBC399C0CC7924C8882" name="American Samoa">AS</collectingCountry>
</abbrev>
); copulatory openings (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EHNAK" xlink_title="copulatory opening">CO</abbrev>
) lateral to hood; copulatory ducts (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ELNAK" xlink_title="copulatory duct">
<collectionCode id="9CCF5EC21062446DC4184748980DBE13">CD</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) slightly curved medially, connected to antero-inner portions of anterior chamber of spermatheca, with small terminal accessory glands (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EPNAK" xlink_title="accessory gland">
<collectionCode id="F48A927171CF75F3F2F9C318A92E0515">AG</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
); spermathecae (S) divided into oval anterior chamber extended posteriorly and spherical posterior chamber (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ETNAK" xlink_title="posterior chamber of spermatheca">
<collectionCode id="AB57BC094228865EC691F3F905626C8B">PS</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
); fertilization ducts (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EXNAK" xlink_title="fertilization duct">
<collectionCode id="60110FEC2BFCB50AD413E2F0A324D820">FD</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) arising from antero-inner portions of posterior chamber of spermatheca.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E2NAK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="BDAD7012CF2E507530EE263449255A43">
<heading id="C183E874404F5CA02BF887895D4E93C7" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="01369F0D2AE755E69A09327E4ADDA873">
Known only from the
<typeStatus id="556751F9E1CA7972523F77CFC255E73A">type</typeStatus>
locality in
<collectingRegion id="9C394F06F4F7B135542A140DF0969959" country="China" name="Hainan">Hainan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="1A5FD2867056E43361355673BD050BB0" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="BA8D3C95CEF4D39A8E3739B873BA0C20" captionStart="Figure 48" captionStartId="F48" captionText="Figure 48. Distributional records of Irura qiuhangi sp. nov., Myrmarachne kuan sp. nov., Nandicius xiefengi sp. nov., Padillothorax exilis (Cao &amp; Li, 2016), Pancorius yingjiang sp. nov., Siler hanoicus Prószyński, 1985, Simaetha hainan sp. nov., Synagelides yidei sp. nov., and S. zilongi sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201157">48</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,390 @@
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<mods:title id="CEDD5D8B2D922D5237CDB9D131E527E7">Taxonomic notes of jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae) from Guangxi, Hainan, Sichuan, Xizang and Yunnan, China</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="D89F16D8976F77F0ADDDD93FE68A22C7" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="20057A0D7F19B507F9FCEA99E3B47857">Wang, Cheng</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="6379A6A57981C745A6633FEDE34ECD09" type="ORCID">0000-0003-1831-0579</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="5BA34E45D608AD06D853BE15ED97B1C7">Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in the Fanjing Mountain Region, Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou 554300, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="9C8A33E9642D598D1B42D131FAEE36D5">Mi, Xiaoqi</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="14031F91F6D94E6C6796B48786DB1712" type="ORCID">0000-0003-1744-3855</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="3F592EBE423870E295FDD0905FDDD98A">Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in the Fanjing Mountain Region, Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou 554300, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="36C9EBB5B2AFC4B9245DE1279892A6A3">Li, Shuqiang</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B955C48C0E3C40D9AFFE836A9E492D42" type="ORCID">0000-0002-3290-5416</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="C1A6B9B23BA2474EE7B37623E714068D">Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China &amp; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="975F097DAE5FD23A8DC41FD36C583DD8">Xu, Xiang</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="B48520B2ABFC677FCC4DB4B38FB67530" type="ORCID">0000-0001-9485-5373</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="41A10FCAA7404E86E9531FFA98ECFED2">College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:date id="9FD6382A3AB1255EC25AE2DE47C6A8A6">2024</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="B5F856E78D674EC095B570C89C526574" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="2EB3E8361B1912F8559107CC9ADEFB00">
<taxonomicName id="FB0347513D549D0FAC02AB842B916BCB" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Piranthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maddisoni" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="825A6496F0340101D5706B05B0CC54A4" italics="true">Piranthus maddisoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7D4321B012E17A5AF986F49ADAD4A086" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="8EA3977D082D2ACA38D6301AA8080D6C" type="description">
<paragraph id="7741587D40166FDE7A366C3072FE77C1">
<figureCitation id="3F65B9D134146E8CC37F3ED47C02F850" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Male palp of Piranthus maddisoni sp. nov., holotype A prolateral B ventral C retrolateral. Abbreviations: AL anterior tegular lobe; E embolus; PTA prolateral tibial apophsis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201129">Figs 23</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="98510D414F01ABA704EA0EB81A63635A" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Piranthus maddisoni sp. nov. D, E, G I male holotype and A C, F female paratype (IZCAS - Ar 45283) A epigyne, ventral B, C vulva, dorsal D, F habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral G carapace, frontal H chelicera, posterior I leg I, prolateral. Abbreviations: At atrium; CD copulatory duct; FD fertilization duct; S spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A C, H); 1.0 mm (D G); 0.5 mm (I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201130">24</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="24773DE8054CF7F021D5C94A4F4882CE" captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="F47" captionText="Figure 47. Distributional records of Cheliceroides jinxini sp. nov., Dendroicius qiong sp. nov., Icius deergong sp. nov., I. yarlungzangbo sp. nov., Mintonia shiwandashan sp. nov., Okinawicius nepalicus (Andreeva, Hęciak &amp; Prószyński, 1984), Pancorius medog sp. nov., Piranthus maddisoni sp. nov., Stertinius lhoba sp. nov., Synagelides kongmingi sp. nov., S. yunchangi sp. nov., S. xuandei sp. nov., Yaginumaella daweishan sp. nov., Y. moinba sp. nov., and Y. pingbian sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201156">47</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EFCDI" type="type material">
<paragraph id="64661B344384E5D011A1CC871149E924">
<heading id="C8787F3C64214A6F87DE6488E6F20C8C" reason="title">Type material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="15B1D9171FBC525A5958DD4C65813135">
<materialsCitation id="BAAF1DB91B880AE3D217E0ADB7CCA5C0" collectingDate="2021-04-24" collectionCode="TRU" collectorName="F. E. Li" country="China" county="Changjiang Li Autonomous County" elevation="640" latitude="19.118668" location="Bawangling National Nature Reserve" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="109.15567" specimenCode="JS 0769" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Hainan" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="A3EC7D94B6D105181FDD3253B0A739CB" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="A1D47EB5B88B5A9640E810011DEE3F98" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="2E3C45587FFA544BC1E53CBEB0C6E2FA" count="1" type="male"></specimenCount>
(
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQCDI" xlink_title="Tongren University">
<collectionCode id="583387543E14FBE6B7FEA72AEE6739D0" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">TRU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
-
<specimenCode id="D62ECB9971710C43F0973998C0E0288C" collectionCode="TRU" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EUCDI" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0769
</specimenCode>
),
<collectingCountry id="42C567A9DB9445B93D104C8C8A68AC85" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
: •
<collectingRegion id="7214BAFFB03767607F35A26837ECA66B" country="China" name="Hainan">Hainan Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="9A5E348434D3ECE4DD0FDB07731A909F">Changjiang Li Autonomous County</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="7149D96123A87E8878C930F68E483F08" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD899E1330C357089B1721C4CBCAD732:7149D96123A87E8878C930F68E483F08" country="China" county="Changjiang Li Autonomous County" latitude="19.118668" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="109.15567" name="Bawangling National Nature Reserve" stateProvince="Hainan">Bawangling National Nature Reserve</location>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E2CDI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[109.155667,19.118667]}">
<geoCoordinate id="5E2DBA3775117F8E3D870D3E7A8A36F6" degrees="19" direction="north" minutes="7.12" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="19.118668">19 ° 7.12 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="268737BD29EAB0D6D62872EED104D861" degrees="109" direction="east" minutes="9.34" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="109.15567">109 ° 9.34 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
, ca
<quantity id="8739E6E1BB6D36C25E935FF78139BCDC" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" unit="m" value="640.0">
<elevation id="7D4F3A5073A354A45C6861C37B2E388F" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.4" unit="m" value="640.0">640 m</elevation>
</quantity>
),
<date id="A7291B8B80BC54880558A3EF3D8D2B0E" value="2021-04-24">
<collectingDate id="7B3CC9F0753B4D9F8558EBAFBBB17A7C" value="2021-04-24">24. IV. 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="1E97AB179F6010E3906523BA52C353C6">F. E. Li</collectorName>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="A0643F8E0BF49C4557E8AD3E2468D592" collectingDate="2009-04-14" collectionCode="IZCAS" collectorName="G. Tang" country="China" county="Lingshui County" elevation="260" latitude="18.670334" location="Diaoluoshan" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="109.8945" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Hainan" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="396E779FCC0CA4B1D4501BA70B4AEA2D" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="09850CAD03B1AAADB1B363897F9B82F8" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="3666FACE5378D7F39C5247A7FC882CF0" count="1" type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
(
<named-content id="F44454BC5B5FB07AF2E120202EEEA231" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/institute-zoology-chinese-academy-sciences" xlink_title="Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences">
<collectionCode id="4CC247B1D17349F244ABACB37D8E8AB1" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/crjh-4ne1" name="Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences" type="">IZCAS</collectionCode>
</named-content>
- Ar 45283),
<collectingCounty id="0595A282150C41FAAB1EA797F7B6FC64">Lingshui County</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="807890327528F48EB2A35ED24EBD269F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:DD899E1330C357089B1721C4CBCAD732:807890327528F48EB2A35ED24EBD269F" country="China" county="Lingshui County" latitude="18.670334" longLatPrecision="13" longitude="109.8945" name="Diaoluoshan" stateProvince="Hainan">Diaoluoshan</location>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EKDDI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[109.894500,18.670333]}">
<geoCoordinate id="1A3DE6CB29FBF158BAAA7408FD500243" degrees="18" direction="north" minutes="40.22" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="18.670334">18 ° 40.22 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="DBF7482F29E27584CB478C35F243F97B" degrees="109" direction="east" minutes="53.67" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="109.8945">109 ° 53.67 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
, ca
<quantity id="EE587240CD4FC09DAAE306E759353205" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" unit="m" value="260.0">
<elevation id="3EA54EB045E7B698B7B3F7366D32796E" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" unit="m" value="260.0">260 m</elevation>
</quantity>
),
<date id="7F0B72B3DE78655B2D11F5C24C4087D3" value="2009-04-14">
<collectingDate id="93014889FE2BB1B81B9BDC8EEFFA83FD" value="2009-04-14">14. IV. 2009</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="6C7C29E5CD5C8B0368441A1B303B519C">G. Tang</collectorName>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EPDDI" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="179CE575A905134C283C7840B52A3C06">
<heading id="27669D50196A1418F13D7BD24397BDCC" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A52C16814C2D014DD1016ACF87FC4DC">
The specific name is a patronym in honor of Prof. Wayne P. Maddison (Vancouver,
<collectingCountry id="85C7071354305663A48E10553E515BA2" name="Canada">Canada</collectingCountry>
), the leading specialist in jumping spiders, who has made significant contributions to the taxonomy of salticids worldwide; noun (name) in the genitive case.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EUDDI" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="093B24A738C70D5CE0B08C4EDC77670C">
<heading id="513443F21770631A74BF6E6B23DF5C36" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BA0C7EC1D19AFA7DB8E313588DDB28DE">
<taxonomicName id="3F64822BA9B669057DA9272766091CBB" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Piranthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maddisoni" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="04189771A19E3699FFBAC7E7FEAFE440" italics="true">Piranthus maddisoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="757521012FDCC94F7006273806FAB21C" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
resembles that of
<taxonomicName id="E8BE6B4D238CA34B435F805067A713DA" authority="Maddison, 2020" authorityName="Maddison" authorityYear="2020" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Piranthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bakau">
<emphasis id="234617BFEA9DEDAEA247E890C527E56F" italics="true">P. bakau</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D725909B56A76A91B6076D6272C8FE7C" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1004.57526" author="Maddison WP &amp; Beattie I &amp; Marathe K &amp; Ng PYC &amp; Kanesharatnam N &amp; Benjamin SP &amp; Kunte K" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="27-97" refId="B20" refString="Maddison WP, Beattie I, Marathe K, Ng PYC, Kanesharatnam N, Benjamin SP, Kunte K (2020) A phylogenetic and taxonomic review of baviine jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae, Baviini). ZooKeys 1004: 27 - 97. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 1004.57526" title="A phylogenetic and taxonomic review of baviine jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae, Baviini)." volume="1004" year="2020">
Maddison,
<quantity id="5255C82260FAC85FC67F99E2BB42D5E6" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1308" unit="in" value="2020.0">2020 in</quantity>
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
having similar habitus, pattern, and palpal structure, but differs in: 1) retrolateral tibial apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQEDI" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="91D5B7E2333F16D76E47088656992EAD">RTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) not broadened at base, and forming an incision at distal end in retrolateral view (Fig.
<figureCitation id="D2B1A70971D57325902437EA2B1B949C" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Male palp of Piranthus maddisoni sp. nov., holotype A prolateral B ventral C retrolateral. Abbreviations: AL anterior tegular lobe; E embolus; PTA prolateral tibial apophsis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201129">23 C</figureCitation>
) vs broadened into a dorsal prominent portion and lacking similar incision (
<bibRefCitation id="6B86EB6E388093A49F8D1312874A4ECC" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1004.57526" author="Maddison" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Maddison" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="27-97" refId="B20" refString="Maddison WP, Beattie I, Marathe K, Ng PYC, Kanesharatnam N, Benjamin SP, Kunte K (2020) A phylogenetic and taxonomic review of baviine jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae, Baviini). ZooKeys 1004: 2797. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1004.57526" title="A phylogenetic and taxonomic review of baviine jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae, Baviini)." volume="1004" year="2020">Maddison et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 239); 2) presence of a well-developed anterior tegular lobe (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3EDI" xlink_title="anterior tegular lobe">AL</abbrev>
) (Fig.
<figureCitation id="D22093E9FA66D6679DA95749CC188D0D" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Male palp of Piranthus maddisoni sp. nov., holotype A prolateral B ventral C retrolateral. Abbreviations: AL anterior tegular lobe; E embolus; PTA prolateral tibial apophsis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201129">23 B</figureCitation>
) vs indistinct (
<bibRefCitation id="9CB8B292F9151B675E506C3F73FB6BBF" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1004.57526" author="Maddison" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Maddison" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="27-97" refId="B20" refString="Maddison WP, Beattie I, Marathe K, Ng PYC, Kanesharatnam N, Benjamin SP, Kunte K (2020) A phylogenetic and taxonomic review of baviine jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae, Baviini). ZooKeys 1004: 2797. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1004.57526" title="A phylogenetic and taxonomic review of baviine jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae, Baviini)." volume="1004" year="2020">Maddison et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 238); 3) base of septum (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EIFDI" xlink_title="septum">Se</abbrev>
) &lt;1 / 4 of epigynal width (Fig.
<figureCitation id="660209B8229239185322E954E8B2DCEF" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Piranthus maddisoni sp. nov. D, E, G I male holotype and A C, F female paratype (IZCAS - Ar 45283) A epigyne, ventral B, C vulva, dorsal D, F habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral G carapace, frontal H chelicera, posterior I leg I, prolateral. Abbreviations: At atrium; CD copulatory duct; FD fertilization duct; S spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A C, H); 1.0 mm (D G); 0.5 mm (I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201130">24 A</figureCitation>
) vs ~ 1 / 3 of epigynal width (
<bibRefCitation id="22D357E03293E95FE1F4D698BA4F1D32" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1004.57526" author="Maddison" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Maddison" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="27-97" refId="B20" refString="Maddison WP, Beattie I, Marathe K, Ng PYC, Kanesharatnam N, Benjamin SP, Kunte K (2020) A phylogenetic and taxonomic review of baviine jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae, Baviini). ZooKeys 1004: 2797. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1004.57526" title="A phylogenetic and taxonomic review of baviine jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae, Baviini)." volume="1004" year="2020">Maddison et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 240).
</paragraph>
<caption id="4A502C6BD0FD040ABF4BAB0408FED6AD" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure23" ID-arpha="82CC1F98-84A3-57D2-B0F1-17FB4B8796ED" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201129" startId="F23">
<paragraph id="ACE7DC62586EA9B5A347B674054A2827">
<label id="51EACE8EAB2CE7D4C2AE9360DFDE21EE">Figure 23.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BD4EE156B0C77B0BB036BFFA99455200">
Male palp of
<taxonomicName id="C87FEB1D5167E861D9702D0005655547" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Piranthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maddisoni" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="57A27D04D87F155186D800EFDC9EE6F0" italics="true">Piranthus maddisoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="32ADC774BC9FDD4F08ED235D7BA593DC" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype
<emphasis id="133FA48B899794D5EFFE3D32820E60CB" bold="true">A</emphasis>
prolateral
<emphasis id="0578163F6CCC451F911C62C72A915AEC" bold="true">B</emphasis>
ventral
<emphasis id="5F43E3DD8E76203E58990F29AEBFAF2D" bold="true">C</emphasis>
retrolateral. Abbreviations:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENGDI" xlink_title="anterior tegular lobe">AL</abbrev>
anterior tegular lobe; E embolus;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERGDI" xlink_title="prolateral tibial apophysis">PTA</abbrev>
prolateral tibial apophsis;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVGDI" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">RTA</abbrev>
retrolateral tibial apophysis;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZGDI" xlink_title="sperm duct">SD</abbrev>
sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="93B734D8C4BDAAD2E6B240272EF00379" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure24" ID-arpha="DDA1BFCD-51D0-5FC0-B527-1FF2106906F4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201130" startId="F24">
<paragraph id="6ECD54A90386D88C70067AA48A8318AB">
<label id="C0A8367D268F95D9E813937242906345">Figure 24.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B8A88740E60AB7A739BCC2E7FB40393">
<taxonomicName id="11C19FC7A85F59CEA8F75601ED128C9D" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Piranthus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maddisoni" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="BA2F350215FB00D211EEF48DED202EE0" italics="true">Piranthus maddisoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E9DA3864ED81F3C8BB5CA904CD4AB94D" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="365BD9912FCDA93FE22FF072F1BB7241" bold="true">D, E, G I</emphasis>
male holotype and
<emphasis id="B916B553463FA3F2415E209CDC9E694B" bold="true">A C, F</emphasis>
female paratype (
<named-content id="33FA30B1C831333BFDCA3C85501A8875" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/institute-zoology-chinese-academy-sciences" xlink_title="Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences">IZCAS</named-content>
- Ar 45283)
<emphasis id="3C8FAF6FBEA4148A9781CD80310E2D9C" bold="true">A</emphasis>
epigyne, ventral
<emphasis id="6F7CF232CAFE44D395A4A77563154473" bold="true">B, C</emphasis>
vulva, dorsal
<emphasis id="1434338B798083CA30918B2143308A8D" bold="true">D</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="CC7D5618A6B789E333D7C5249484281C" bold="true">F</emphasis>
habitus, dorsal
<emphasis id="DF0034ABD59D5B6920DC64136A97607F" bold="true">E</emphasis>
ditto, ventral
<emphasis id="05CA6329F01615043B93EC9F3ACAE171" bold="true">G</emphasis>
carapace, frontal
<emphasis id="08D658EAA728CA09F7F325AD333A86BB" bold="true">H</emphasis>
chelicera, posterior
<emphasis id="ABDC6ED493BAE717396E4709A6D55261" bold="true">I</emphasis>
leg I, prolateral. Abbreviations:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENIDI" xlink_title="atrium">At</abbrev>
atrium;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERIDI" xlink_title="copulatory duct">CD</abbrev>
copulatory duct;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVIDI" xlink_title="fertilization duct">FD</abbrev>
fertilization duct; S spermatheca;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZIDI" xlink_title="septum">Se</abbrev>
septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (
<emphasis id="99C2454895D92404E5232A9531884272" bold="true">A C, H</emphasis>
); 1.0 mm (
<emphasis id="6BA37419B27F585C73DCF786F3247646" bold="true">D G</emphasis>
); 0.5 mm (
<emphasis id="8FD4CB9A04551F6CF662A4409E85511D" bold="true">I</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EIJDI" type="description">
<paragraph id="0B7CFD919B173C1F3112CF832DD58212">
<heading id="81137FBCB0FC50CA309BED12741FD4F0" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9B10A60245BABB9E7E25EB5F3B199ADF">
<emphasis id="9D08C5EB9B429DC11D04AA67DB57BA58" bold="true">Male</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation id="ED591903A05F69D8AC029A4498EBC997" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Male palp of Piranthus maddisoni sp. nov., holotype A prolateral B ventral C retrolateral. Abbreviations: AL anterior tegular lobe; E embolus; PTA prolateral tibial apophsis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201129">23</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="942A856B6AD72046BF968B306F2AF6A7" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Piranthus maddisoni sp. nov. D, E, G I male holotype and A C, F female paratype (IZCAS - Ar 45283) A epigyne, ventral B, C vulva, dorsal D, F habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral G carapace, frontal H chelicera, posterior I leg I, prolateral. Abbreviations: At atrium; CD copulatory duct; FD fertilization duct; S spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A C, H); 1.0 mm (D G); 0.5 mm (I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201130">24 D, E, G I</figureCitation>
). Total length 6.10. Carapace 2.78 long, 2.15 wide. Abdomen 3.27 long, 1.61 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYJDI" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.55,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3JDI" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.26,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EAKDI" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.26,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EEKDI" xlink_title="anterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="7D998703EF30930007D828806FE862A1">AERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.51,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EIKDI" xlink_title="posterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="37C65EB1423FE43384AF72352F03BBAD">PERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.59,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMKDI" xlink_title="eye field length">EFL</abbrev>
1.12. Legs: I 5.25 (1.75, 1.00, 1.25, 0.75, 0.50), II 4.51 (1.38, 0.90, 1.10, 0.68, 0.45), III 3.76 (1.13, 0.70, 0.70, 0.80, 0.43), IV 5.04 (1.58, 0.75, 1.18, 1.08, 0.45). Carapace almost oval, dark, and covered with dense white setae. Chelicerae red-brown, with three promarginal and five retromarginal teeth. Legs I and II yellow except thickness femora, patellae, and tibiae dark brown, bearing pale setae on patellae and tibiae I. Dorsum of abdomen with two pairs of muscle depressions, pair of transverse, pale setal stripes followed by big transverse pale grey band medially, covered by anterior scutum ~ 1 / 3 abdominal length; venter colored as dorsum, with pair of oval postero-lateral pale spots and median dotted lines.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="69B254E1136901B500B58F7E8ECBD93F">
<emphasis id="C5B063C7E6B3B8DFE45D96562C148E3C" bold="true" italics="true">Palp</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="F33D546E7EB17F68E3CC1554B39C22EF" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Male palp of Piranthus maddisoni sp. nov., holotype A prolateral B ventral C retrolateral. Abbreviations: AL anterior tegular lobe; E embolus; PTA prolateral tibial apophsis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201129">23 A C</figureCitation>
): femur length / width ratio ca 2.5; patella ~ 1.4 × longer than wide in retrolateral view; tibia slightly longer than wide, with sub-triangular disto-prolateral apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E2KDI" xlink_title="prolateral tibial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="E0DCDFA8318B72ECCD6D8CECB5BA6313">PTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) and blade-shaped retrolateral apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E6KDI" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="4063CB5C65E75E0725ABDA5AB4724722">RTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) longer than tibia, slightly curved at proximal 1 / 3, and forming shallow incision at distal end; cymbium pale,&gt; 1.5 × longer than wide; tegulum elongate-oval, swollen medio-posteriorly, with lamellar, anteriorly extended antero-marginal sub-triangular lobe (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EDLDI" xlink_title="anterior tegular lobe">AL</abbrev>
); embolus (E) arising at baso-prolateral corner of tegulum, with broad base extended anticlockwise, and then acutely narrowed into flagelliform portion.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="93E534BFD91BBDBF07D49B27B6469B9C">
<emphasis id="EC77454114A9809285F084ABDFECB74B" bold="true">Female</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="9812165557C58C55C51AB525340DBD77" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Piranthus maddisoni sp. nov. D, E, G I male holotype and A C, F female paratype (IZCAS - Ar 45283) A epigyne, ventral B, C vulva, dorsal D, F habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral G carapace, frontal H chelicera, posterior I leg I, prolateral. Abbreviations: At atrium; CD copulatory duct; FD fertilization duct; S spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A C, H); 1.0 mm (D G); 0.5 mm (I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201130">24 A C, F</figureCitation>
). Total length 8.34. Carapace 3.47 long, 2.53 wide. Abdomen 4.53 long, 2.20 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EPLDI" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.43,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ETLDI" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.26,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EXLDI" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.26,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E2LDI" xlink_title="anterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="E8CD3D3C64A957C5EDA58FE4E640C99E">AERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.48,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E6LDI" xlink_title="posterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="5D88D8C514638C32A97FB640031E5A76">PERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.60,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EDMDI" xlink_title="eye field length">EFL</abbrev>
1.05. Legs: I 4.89 (1.65, 1.03, 1.08, 0.63, 0.50), II 4.83 (1.50, 1.05, 1.15, 0.68, 0.45), III 4.24 (1.30, 0.80, 0.78, 0.93, 0.43), IV 6.00 (1.80, 1.00, 1.40, 1.30, 0.50). Habitus (Fig.
<figureCitation id="14706419EC5FBF1EB9305A392DA4C489" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Piranthus maddisoni sp. nov. D, E, G I male holotype and A C, F female paratype (IZCAS - Ar 45283) A epigyne, ventral B, C vulva, dorsal D, F habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral G carapace, frontal H chelicera, posterior I leg I, prolateral. Abbreviations: At atrium; CD copulatory duct; FD fertilization duct; S spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A C, H); 1.0 mm (D G); 0.5 mm (I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201130">24 F</figureCitation>
) similar to that of male except paler and without dorsal abdominal scutum.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F92480C184DCC2A7BE918B3F11806F6E">
<emphasis id="AFCB5AD798C7073D46C31A2A69D1FCF1" bold="true" italics="true">Epigyne</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="E52A244B8023AD4E52D223F51E66006C" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Piranthus maddisoni sp. nov. D, E, G I male holotype and A C, F female paratype (IZCAS - Ar 45283) A epigyne, ventral B, C vulva, dorsal D, F habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral G carapace, frontal H chelicera, posterior I leg I, prolateral. Abbreviations: At atrium; CD copulatory duct; FD fertilization duct; S spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A C, H); 1.0 mm (D G); 0.5 mm (I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201130">24 A C</figureCitation>
) ~ 1.2 × wider than long; atrium (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EWMDI" xlink_title="atrium">At</abbrev>
) almost oval, separated by basally broadened septum (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E1MDI" xlink_title="septum">Se</abbrev>
); copulatory openings (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E5MDI" xlink_title="copulatory opening">CO</abbrev>
) anteriorly located, partly visible; copulatory ducts (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ECNDI" xlink_title="copulatory duct">
<collectionCode id="10C17740E63CE75CFDF6B53A7CBDC16C">CD</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) long, broadened and flat proximally, and then forming complicated coils; spermathecae (S) spherical, separated from each other ~ 2 × their diameter.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EGNDI" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="134380BAE0571953A38C72DDA31EDB4E">
<heading id="BDA2BE93AABD77BA79157E72A4230D81" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5CC1379517AAC498CA15D5B48FD9FFD4">
Known only from the
<typeStatus id="1FA4565598937D1659F1F06B5F7D1B67">type</typeStatus>
locality in
<collectingRegion id="5956CA1DC0036B1EA6925369282D7392" country="China" name="Hainan">Hainan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="C7E91DD2298EAF2FA1FD4F5F4E214EF6" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="593FB386B34B827F2A5ED7F5A4511B74" captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="F47" captionText="Figure 47. Distributional records of Cheliceroides jinxini sp. nov., Dendroicius qiong sp. nov., Icius deergong sp. nov., I. yarlungzangbo sp. nov., Mintonia shiwandashan sp. nov., Okinawicius nepalicus (Andreeva, Hęciak &amp; Prószyński, 1984), Pancorius medog sp. nov., Piranthus maddisoni sp. nov., Stertinius lhoba sp. nov., Synagelides kongmingi sp. nov., S. yunchangi sp. nov., S. xuandei sp. nov., Yaginumaella daweishan sp. nov., Y. moinba sp. nov., and Y. pingbian sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201156">47</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EQNDI" type="comments">
<paragraph id="78E5B03764DE55AC52AEB29228D3B724">
<heading id="FD2CE606BD01131A3FF89B11A9321348" reason="title">Comments.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="79715295E462816A38136500AF7D4020">Although the male and female were collected in different places, they share consistent habitus, and pattern and thus they are considered to be conspecific, but this may need further confirmation.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="4D1718ECD2929A0AB017426C8FED57F7">Taxonomic notes of jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae) from Guangxi, Hainan, Sichuan, Xizang and Yunnan, China</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="93357DBBD4CA0F1BD9BF0B2619AFE647">Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in the Fanjing Mountain Region, Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou 554300, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:identifier id="9FBD625778F4550D33A4FFF6173FF1BB" type="ZooBank">B61D8EFC-2753-4B88-8A36-DAB1F37D96BB</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="E0AB8AE61A8C5B11B605DB1B81252241" ID-arpha="E0AB8AE6-1A8C-5B11-B605-DB1B81252241" ID-zoobank="https://zoobank.org/0743067C-2711-42DE-A8BB-61C2B7496F91" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E0AB8AE61A8C5B11B605DB1B81252241" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:0743067C-2711-42DE-A8BB-61C2B7496F91" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E0AB8AE61A8C5B11B605DB1B81252241">
<subSubSection id="E77E40AE06E52F5BEA34E80E0A351664" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="BDFC6381979CB419C4AEB07B0CB6EB23">
<taxonomicName id="2F3D179CB392CABDA2A727EEA9A06809" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Irura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="qiuhangi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="60FF4029A245D079AFC7D8279DF13992" italics="true">Irura qiuhangi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2FF590D8F4431EA7730AE65E0FF97616" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7B4A38135418F324BC0CBD5C3F02DDAB" type="description">
<paragraph id="2EDFA4948FF6D5C4D7D9BA20099177E3">
<figureCitation id="C30CB183A2AD9901F3DA61DD41D8321A" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Male palp of Irura qiuhangi sp. nov., paratype (TRU - JS 0738) A ventral B retrolateral C dorsal. Abbreviations: CP cymbial process; E embolus; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201112">Figs 7</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="D5762601C5B0320502D12EBC9239BDB3" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Irura qiuhangi sp. nov., A, B, D G female holotype and C male paratype (TRU - JS 0738) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, D habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: At atrium; AS anterior chamber of spermatheca; CD copulatory duct; FD fertilization duct; PS posterior chamber of spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201113">8</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="EEC7BA3095CEE655CCB5CDE4AC18639A" captionStart="Figure 48" captionStartId="F48" captionText="Figure 48. Distributional records of Irura qiuhangi sp. nov., Myrmarachne kuan sp. nov., Nandicius xiefengi sp. nov., Padillothorax exilis (Cao &amp; Li, 2016), Pancorius yingjiang sp. nov., Siler hanoicus Prószyński, 1985, Simaetha hainan sp. nov., Synagelides yidei sp. nov., and S. zilongi sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201157">48</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EXTAG" type="type material">
<paragraph id="29484B639DC0021CF7C7D3F6D9B3EFED">
<heading id="C0D2EDF90BA2D395DA82901806DC2192" reason="title">Type material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="813D1C2841BFCEAAAB87C95692BE648D">
<materialsCitation id="8A4C7AE27D528F69662DDBE13D26089A" collectingDate="2024-03-18" collectionCode="TRU" collectorName="Hang Qiu" country="China" county="Menghai County" latitude="21.939333" location="Manliang Village" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="100.47283" municipality="Menghai Township" specimenCode="JS 0737" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="AAB9CD9F1ED7EBFDD37DD1B00897F766" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="EB3AB8AC633552B482C0F1AC3760C35D" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="EE5A99B28AED71A4A24BFCD637DAE66B" count="1" type="female"></specimenCount>
(
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ECUAG" xlink_title="Tongren University">
<collectionCode id="8FBE98C163720DB9F0A520CFDE973814" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">TRU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
-
<specimenCode id="073F1405C42FD4FCA399D92D576C2AE5" collectionCode="TRU" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EGUAG" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0737
</specimenCode>
),
<collectingCountry id="EFA0000D025A22863BABC0C717535C8C" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
: •
<collectingRegion id="AEE6143DD3270AEDFB943911F8E5C5B2" country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="C20067AB994E4B13D802DBA4657C7A48">Menghai County</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="BD5EB9AE9CEEE1E48E5B3A9827994459">Menghai Township</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="A5A2E8B98AC6AE02784BB64EE50AF048" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E0AB8AE61A8C5B11B605DB1B81252241:A5A2E8B98AC6AE02784BB64EE50AF048" country="China" county="Menghai County" latitude="21.939333" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="100.47283" municipality="Menghai Township" name="Manliang Village" stateProvince="Yunnan">Manliang Village</location>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0ENUAG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[100.472833,21.939333]}">
<geoCoordinate id="4F4C7D6D49E7A9632A49CFA532CBCC0E" degrees="21" direction="north" minutes="56.36" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="21.939333">21 ° 56.36 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="16E9EE7B2AF391B9159BD530EF377B58" degrees="100" direction="east" minutes="28.37" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="100.47283">100 ° 28.37 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
, elevation undetailed),
<date id="26F59BC5C6FC52895F28BB4F4CB2DD3A" value="2024-03-18">
<collectingDate id="6AC32A35FB01BA634A5338443FF04BCE" value="2024-03-18">18. III. 2024</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="19CB49B4FC2AB0C5469165F837A34AB7">Hang Qiu</collectorName>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="332D17D4C002274A932C38518EFFEC63" collectingDate="2024-03-18" collectionCode="TRU" collectorName="Hang Qiu" country="China" county="Menghai County" latitude="21.939333" location="Manliang Village" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="100.47283" municipality="Menghai Township" specimenCode="JS 0738" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Yunnan" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="C65FB1A9EB04BB686C811A6752BFC0D4" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="F10AB048413E43F017EE4FC0366EE2CA" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="AED229A9837D56C95C470A09A280131E" count="1" type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
(
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVUAG" xlink_title="Tongren University">
<collectionCode id="17C84463B82087A12935C4ECB4CA0CDF" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">TRU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
-
<specimenCode id="7C078D393DACBF574CCB59F66AED840A" collectionCode="TRU" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZUAG" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0738
</specimenCode>
), same data as for holotype
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E4UAG" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="D6025B3E9E6D5AF49A68E000DF173B56">
<heading id="532CC1E7D07ADF7D1114528AE837A0BC" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="407FD2C50BDECD21AF37E0651E88A13A">The specific name is a patronym in honor of the collector; noun (name) in the genitive case.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ECVAG" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="2EB7E328DA4F9CB2C049352231C6F3E3">
<heading id="ED1B38B61CD163776518AB0801B0BB20" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="511DEE6F777D77A32CCA842A854DA0DA">
The female of
<taxonomicName id="CF964D4FE8FD3306A9196B092788D491" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Irura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="qiuhangi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="5F4895182759A3652699F4F49508F2D6" italics="true">Irura qiuhangi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6DA50745DE347A173A1AD6B3E5F2C45E" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
resembles that of
<taxonomicName id="E2141E0E74B327AF0D2E5D0281012EEC" authority="Mi &amp; Wang, 2016" authorityName="Mi &amp; Wang" authorityYear="2016" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Irura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uniprocessa">
<emphasis id="7EAA3B3295EFD7146EB8AE7631B8C02A" italics="true">I. uniprocessa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="9754C120EF2A443511CD06E4BEEC4D0E" author="Mi XQ &amp; Wang C" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="Sichuan Journal of Zoology" pagination="400-403" refId="B22" refString="Mi XQ, Wang C (2016) A new species of Irura Peckham &amp; Peckham, 1901 (Araneae: Salticidae) from Yunnan Province, China. Sichuan Journal of Zoology 35 (3): 400 - 403." title="A new species of Irura Peckham &amp; Peckham, 1901 (Araneae: Salticidae) from Yunnan Province, China." volume="35" year="2016">
Mi &amp; Wang,
<quantity id="63FCDD24351725288D624E0EE78FE10F" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.12064" unit="in" value="2016.0">2016 in</quantity>
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
having a similar atrium (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E5VAG" xlink_title="atrium">At</abbrev>
) and transversely extended anterior chamber of spermatheca (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ECWAG" xlink_title="anterior chamber of spermatheca">
<collectingCountry id="198DDBD87230215BA58E27B3EDFADDF6" name="American Samoa">AS</collectingCountry>
</abbrev>
), but can be easily distinguished by the rounded posterior chamber of spermatheca (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EGWAG" xlink_title="posterior chamber of spermatheca">
<collectionCode id="BAB258AE005708E486AA5953EE0ABD81">PS</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) (Fig.
<figureCitation id="34232B2EA43B9A0861FCBAB24D46288B" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Irura qiuhangi sp. nov., A, B, D G female holotype and C male paratype (TRU - JS 0738) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, D habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: At atrium; AS anterior chamber of spermatheca; CD copulatory duct; FD fertilization duct; PS posterior chamber of spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201113">8 B</figureCitation>
) vs elongated (
<bibRefCitation id="24DF0105F138C10795FF45B89869A8A7" author="Mi and Wang" firstAuthor="Mi" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="Sichuan Journal of Zoology" pagination="400-403" refId="B22" refString="Mi XQ, Wang C (2016) A new species of Irura Peckham &amp; Peckham, 1901 (Araneae: Salticidae) from Yunnan Province, China. Sichuan Journal of Zoology 35 (3): 400403." title="A new species of Irura Peckham &amp; Peckham, 1901 (Araneae: Salticidae) from Yunnan Province, China." volume="35" year="2016">Mi and Wang 2016</bibRefCitation>
: figs 1 G, 2 e). The male of
<taxonomicName id="70A1061F887CDE108D71E08C2A7A3072" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Irura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="qiuhangi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3139F0E09ED4C5796968485952F43BCD" italics="true">I. qiuhangi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5CF25800745DE927D26B80F09961C12A" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
resembles that of
<taxonomicName id="C15C3FED5F289FC3C6D5E6F5683B5EC0" authority="Asima, Caleb &amp; Prasad, 2024" authorityName="Asima, Caleb &amp; Prasad" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Irura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shendurney">
<emphasis id="FCF8D2BC6EC4807569C5A60C88D54C4C" italics="true">I. shendurney</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="72A03B28B7D94CBA38F9D7697BCADAEC" DOI="10.5852/ejt.2024.932.2531" author="Asima A &amp; Caleb JTD &amp; Prasad G" journalOrPublisher="European Journal of Taxonomy" pagination="252-270" refId="B2" refString="Asima A, Caleb JTD, Prasad G (2024) On a collection of jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae) from the Shendurney Wildlife Sanctuary, India. European Journal of Taxonomy 932: 252 - 270. https: // doi. org / 10.5852 / ejt. 2024.932. 2531" title="On a collection of jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae) from the Shendurney Wildlife Sanctuary, India." volume="932" year="2024">
Asima, Caleb &amp; Prasad,
<quantity id="FA9AACC9EF287D4428507965BAEE6BA7" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.14096" unit="in" value="2024.0">2024 in</quantity>
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
the point of origin of the embolus (E) and the form of cymbial process (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EIXAG" xlink_title="cymbial process">CP</abbrev>
), but can be easily distinguished by the absence of tibial apophysis (Fig.
<figureCitation id="2DDB9D16CF039627F6E78EE75B60F001" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Male palp of Irura qiuhangi sp. nov., paratype (TRU - JS 0738) A ventral B retrolateral C dorsal. Abbreviations: CP cymbial process; E embolus; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201112">7 B, C</figureCitation>
) vs retrolateral apophysis present (
<bibRefCitation id="01CF0D91A392FDD23A708FD89810EA67" DOI="10.5852/ejt.2024.932.2531" author="Asima" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Asima" journalOrPublisher="European Journal of Taxonomy" pagination="252-270" refId="B2" refString="Asima A, Caleb JTD, Prasad G (2024) On a collection of jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae) from the Shendurney Wildlife Sanctuary, India. European Journal of Taxonomy 932: 252270. https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2024.932.2531" title="On a collection of jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae) from the Shendurney Wildlife Sanctuary, India." volume="932" year="2024">Asima et al. 2024</bibRefCitation>
: figs 41, 44).
</paragraph>
<caption id="EAD8FB10C3C4426429289C10A38A3AB3" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure7" ID-arpha="9ABC2946-8FD0-5B96-BCEB-2F43EDECE9BE" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201112" startId="F7">
<paragraph id="D3D4935490B5C789343A8CD4BF1657A4">
<label id="D570E0F3F29BC70DDF3CAD96C1C12597">Figure 7.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E7DB8BBE371024B9B5123D256BFB63B7">
Male palp of
<taxonomicName id="D2538245185259CE5719240F0379363F" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Irura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="qiuhangi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="33A9193B48A3D73C9FB5215A771ACE00" italics="true">Irura qiuhangi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="59E65B6F1591C9B1CBB8BEEA2367EA1B" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, paratype (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EHYAG" xlink_title="Tongren University">TRU</abbrev>
-
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ELYAG" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0738)
<emphasis id="9D55742695AB8AA35F8C9BA8B2DBCB49" bold="true">A</emphasis>
ventral
<emphasis id="69A5BFF531974C45085BD91C421D80F9" bold="true">B</emphasis>
retrolateral
<emphasis id="B68807C3589A1F8603429E9A28C8DD25" bold="true">C</emphasis>
dorsal. Abbreviations:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVYAG" xlink_title="cymbial process">CP</abbrev>
cymbial process; E embolus;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZYAG" xlink_title="sperm duct">SD</abbrev>
sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="55C22F56CA38FA63F62E4EB6437370ED" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure8" ID-arpha="43BE3326-C5B0-5AC1-A154-E18FAF7744E9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201113" startId="F8">
<paragraph id="2A6B0F7968B751BF89432DDB7793A7EA">
<label id="5A9EBDB0290F84F2966B602A88D67D9A">Figure 8.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4F32EC0ED153A412A0D7014F3DE88F4A">
<taxonomicName id="84E0B48E47F5C8FE12A9043B5E49BF1C" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Irura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="qiuhangi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="727D04832EA9C2CD51038D7F4C525834" italics="true">Irura qiuhangi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="68B9EFDFFEF1CB4630F0F3908316657D" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
,
<emphasis id="D1A1B1F9CA9A96ED16310CA8FBA3A34E" bold="true">A</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="F535008BE512CD88BC4774300305993D" bold="true">B</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="85A7C5E2DA12979DE76427B893C65A20" bold="true">D</emphasis>
<emphasis id="1EA703EB28DD69093E8AF276EC355D79" bold="true">G</emphasis>
female holotype and
<emphasis id="2FD60F1A04D597C4B6AC94EDECDB8F19" bold="true">C</emphasis>
male paratype (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E6ZAG" xlink_title="Tongren University">TRU</abbrev>
-
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ED1AG" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0738)
<emphasis id="0B2C94D3B846BD4165DC6C8E6671E3E1" bold="true">A</emphasis>
epigyne, ventral
<emphasis id="32BEDDF928C65012A8DC8DEC9FE77590" bold="true">B</emphasis>
vulva, dorsal
<emphasis id="C7430EA19E391D07E025A5A5458D4587" bold="true">C</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="652191794BCCF49A9C2973CA34CBFC18" bold="true">D</emphasis>
habitus, dorsal
<emphasis id="44502B611D7479259AEF1E23A0963B98" bold="true">E</emphasis>
ditto, ventral
<emphasis id="9275AEB7E4B7206B56B6C3856C997EB0" bold="true">F</emphasis>
carapace, frontal
<emphasis id="5A2F772555CF908DE530C8BE786296F9" bold="true">G</emphasis>
chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EV1AG" xlink_title="atrium">At</abbrev>
atrium;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZ1AG" xlink_title="anterior chamber of spermatheca">AS</abbrev>
anterior chamber of spermatheca;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E41AG" xlink_title="copulatory duct">CD</abbrev>
copulatory duct;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EB2AG" xlink_title="fertilization duct">FD</abbrev>
fertilization duct;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EF2AG" xlink_title="posterior chamber of spermatheca">PS</abbrev>
posterior chamber of spermatheca;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJ2AG" xlink_title="septum">Se</abbrev>
septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (
<emphasis id="CAC859D07D2323B8E40486DE91A67AB4" bold="true">A, B, G</emphasis>
); 0.5 mm (
<emphasis id="DADB29156E630CBAF2B3DE43969C02C6" bold="true">C F</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EW2AG" type="description">
<paragraph id="827329DE35901A91F66A7B4BFD7A4FEC">
<heading id="05E1A14FA1451223BDB83E43B3EE09D9" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="420BF6CC5744A070DBDC4DC1C9330A80">
<emphasis id="291C4DDEE0C021967C7210CFA9F9DC7C" bold="true">Female</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="2DE8359997B04DFA521DE9D466EC00D1" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Irura qiuhangi sp. nov., A, B, D G female holotype and C male paratype (TRU - JS 0738) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, D habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: At atrium; AS anterior chamber of spermatheca; CD copulatory duct; FD fertilization duct; PS posterior chamber of spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201113">8 A, B, D G</figureCitation>
). Total length 2.65. Carapace 1.34 long, 1.44 wide. Abdomen 1.38 long, 1.53 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EC3AG" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.30,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EG3AG" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.17,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EK3AG" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.16,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EO3AG" xlink_title="anterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="A1C2A5C17A2BCA161386596236B1EC4D">AERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.11,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ES3AG" xlink_title="posterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="B5455DD31ADFE736B8919907BCCE7287">PERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.34,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EW3AG" xlink_title="eye field length">EFL</abbrev>
0.49. Legs: I 3.63 (1.05, 0.75, 0.98, 0.50, 0.35), II (0.75, 0.45, 0.45, 0.40, missing), III 2.12 (0.65, 0.38, 0.43, 0.38, 0.28), IV (0.88, 0.43, 0.53, missing, missing). Carapace orange-brown, with pair of round dots behind PMEs, followed by oval, brown patch, covered with pale brown long setae and scales. Chelicerae red-brown, incised on base of anterior surface, with two promarginal teeth and one retromarginal fissidentate tooth with four cusps. Leg I robust, with two pairs of ventral spines on tibiae and metatarsi. Abdomen oval, dorsum pale yellow, with two pairs of large depressions; venter pale, with small pale brown dots medially.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="175D9A26B81B5D1DCDA74462FC9554E3">
<emphasis id="6D21DE4F6785C227E8E8C39AA1B4728F" bold="true" italics="true">Epigyne</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="10BFA6A672ED4EA51706ACF4A36C6232" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Irura qiuhangi sp. nov., A, B, D G female holotype and C male paratype (TRU - JS 0738) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, D habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: At atrium; AS anterior chamber of spermatheca; CD copulatory duct; FD fertilization duct; PS posterior chamber of spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201113">8 A, B</figureCitation>
) ~ 1.8 × wider than long; atrium (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EF4AG" xlink_title="atrium">At</abbrev>
) almost square, divided by narrow septum (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJ4AG" xlink_title="septum">Se</abbrev>
); copulatory openings (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EN4AG" xlink_title="copulatory opening">CO</abbrev>
) beneath lateral portions of atrium; copulatory ducts (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ER4AG" xlink_title="copulatory duct">
<collectionCode id="EC6273B404542F25FCC50D83C2B20C27">CD</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) weakly sclerotized, curved at base, and connected to distal ends of junction ducts of spermathecae (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EV4AG" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">
<collectionCode id="3A2EBAF7D38EEF1E527CBAEC55C85151">JS</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
); spermathecae (S) divided into transversely extending, kidney-shaped anterior chamber (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZ4AG" xlink_title="anterior chamber of spermatheca">
<collectingCountry id="F8E29794838BC072B5E6B0BD5A2A4CBF" name="American Samoa">AS</collectingCountry>
</abbrev>
) and round posterior chamber (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E44AG" xlink_title="posterior chamber of spermatheca">
<collectionCode id="03068B8DAA55BD99563077FFA6D5B9C2">PS</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
); fertilization ducts (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EB5AG" xlink_title="fertilization duct">
<collectionCode id="5C3B101BBA1CD0054E56792138E1FD02">FD</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) originating from antero-inner portions of posterior chamber of spermatheca.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1575F6C0B555BAE626C864EE85336A13">
<emphasis id="F57FA81FF86B734A6E55F3C4301B0166" bold="true">Male</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation id="826491B86F5057838D537237CEDCF0A8" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Male palp of Irura qiuhangi sp. nov., paratype (TRU - JS 0738) A ventral B retrolateral C dorsal. Abbreviations: CP cymbial process; E embolus; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201112">7</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="361B2F2B0C952AC87C42729D2D011F1C" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Irura qiuhangi sp. nov., A, B, D G female holotype and C male paratype (TRU - JS 0738) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, D habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: At atrium; AS anterior chamber of spermatheca; CD copulatory duct; FD fertilization duct; PS posterior chamber of spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201113">8 C</figureCitation>
). Total length 2.62. Carapace 1.38 long, 1.58 wide. Abdomen 1.35 long, 1.68 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ER5AG" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.31,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EV5AG" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.18,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZ5AG" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.17,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E45AG" xlink_title="anterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="57E28F3F035DC5CDE567D37D13D39766">AERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.19,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EB6AG" xlink_title="posterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="A7E9CCA7E902CD98237604565D8B7B2F">PERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.50,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EF6AG" xlink_title="eye field length">EFL</abbrev>
0.61. Legs: I 4.75 (1.50, 1.15, 1.00, 0.65, 0.45), II 2.68 (0.90, 0.50, 0.50, 0.48, 0.30), III 2.19 (0.75, 0.38, 0.38, 0.40, 0.28), IV 2.70 (0.90, 0.50, 0.50, 0.50, 0.30). Carapace (Fig.
<figureCitation id="EB2AF29CF6EF588612F24869E57546AF" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Irura qiuhangi sp. nov., A, B, D G female holotype and C male paratype (TRU - JS 0738) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, D habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: At atrium; AS anterior chamber of spermatheca; CD copulatory duct; FD fertilization duct; PS posterior chamber of spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201113">8 C</figureCitation>
) red-brown, with central irregular dark patch on cephalon, covered with dense thin setae and scales. Abdomen (Fig.
<figureCitation id="96C7F000AD9DE97F1AC7039DCD435E08" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Irura qiuhangi sp. nov., A, B, D G female holotype and C male paratype (TRU - JS 0738) A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C, D habitus, dorsal E ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: At atrium; AS anterior chamber of spermatheca; CD copulatory duct; FD fertilization duct; PS posterior chamber of spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201113">8 C</figureCitation>
) oval, dorsum with irregular brown patch, and without similar large shallow depressions as in female; venter brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C8CBBBF0C89A6F7E9742984F6C992B43">
<emphasis id="E136177BC6F73D592764AE08DA1540E9" bold="true" italics="true">Palp</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="D3DD4CB439AC035570841F9C147B46CC" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Male palp of Irura qiuhangi sp. nov., paratype (TRU - JS 0738) A ventral B retrolateral C dorsal. Abbreviations: CP cymbial process; E embolus; SD sperm duct. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201112">7 A C</figureCitation>
): femur length / width ratio ca 2.8; patella ~ 1.4 × longer than wide; tibia slightly longer than wide, lacking apophyses; cymbium ~ 2 × longer than wide, with sizeable baso-retrolateral process (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E36AG" xlink_title="cymbial process">CP</abbrev>
) curved medially and with pointed end; tegulum flat, almost round, with sperm duct (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EAABG" xlink_title="sperm duct">SD</abbrev>
) extending along submargin; embolus (E) originating at ca 10 oclock position, ~ 5 / 6 tegular length, flagelliform.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EEABG" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="F4FB8C20F986B86805AE72AA8ADC8CA5">
<heading id="D917DCE2B8931B98931845F16B7B0CF0" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="015CE837A81771C5002DAFF3CC37E4F7">
Known only from the
<typeStatus id="0C08809DE0A466DA9A14C3151E2B2F3F">type</typeStatus>
locality in
<collectingRegion id="8A918F0ED2B41848DF0A47A0047BEDE7" country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="C8E5AA492E4AC30119E1AD02AD5983F9" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="E75A9C24EABADF4948C68838DBD4612D" captionStart="Figure 48" captionStartId="F48" captionText="Figure 48. Distributional records of Irura qiuhangi sp. nov., Myrmarachne kuan sp. nov., Nandicius xiefengi sp. nov., Padillothorax exilis (Cao &amp; Li, 2016), Pancorius yingjiang sp. nov., Siler hanoicus Prószyński, 1985, Simaetha hainan sp. nov., Synagelides yidei sp. nov., and S. zilongi sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure48" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201157">48</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EOABG" type="comments">
<paragraph id="E5EC44CAF137A6E4C42E5A3D66B90C11">
<heading id="BC0EB2C1DB6FA0BD6157A755E95B22FE" reason="title">Comments.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="01FE03925E43B1B985145C923E2448E4">
As the female can be more easily distinguished from other congeners than the male, it was chosen as the
<typeStatus id="74F5413F060EB96FC5A1D495FF94A20C" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="75F18A06B026C507B8B429C64860DCC9">Taxonomic notes of jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae) from Guangxi, Hainan, Sichuan, Xizang and Yunnan, China</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2534BEE732599334098664F675002B20">Wang, Cheng</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="E2CDC47778C85D03A82BDAB8A997E2FB" ID-arpha="E2CDC477-78C8-5D03-A82B-DAB8A997E2FB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E2CDC47778C85D03A82BDAB8A997E2FB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E2CDC47778C85D03A82BDAB8A997E2FB">
<subSubSection id="1C376773634120FD13AA9D3BCEE951C9" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="C9739F115ED567C216F73BC1396E7F59">
<heading id="AA7B07047A304A06356195056FF08D84" reason="label">Genus</heading>
<taxonomicName id="2089F78D3B3C497298F2EABD085F8FBD" ID-CoL="7NB9" authority="Simon, 1890" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1890" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Stertinius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9D5A26FCF16256EF6308ED010A3DA8B9" italics="true">Stertinius</emphasis>
Simon, 1890
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EFPAK" type="type species">
<paragraph id="067F7A86B5D6A5884FD8823795B0BB11">
<heading id="A04E0169C939FEB46C9361D35C0B0719" reason="title">
<typeStatus id="9AD873F775B367A49CA48BA09C973255">Type</typeStatus>
species.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="89D9BEB6B218C264BCC56660968B86F7">
<taxonomicName id="08A8F5D872E7AEBB8CCED9D5E14AB617" authority="Simon, 1890" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1890" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Stertinius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dentichelis">
<emphasis id="BA042B4D2088109573B2FB664E17E9DC" italics="true">Stertinius dentichelis</emphasis>
Simon, 1890
</taxonomicName>
;
<typeStatus id="A382160BEE0ABC97013EC60E98710630">type</typeStatus>
locality Mariana Is.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EWPAK" type="comments">
<paragraph id="9BB3DE7AE274269BF59958A57E74C65E">
<heading id="912F3674F60F87FCD22C9CB90670B5BD" reason="title">Comments.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="89045CCFA63C6AB5564865680EBF158B">
<taxonomicName id="21B3B6CFD9F78056580AC92AAF90F957" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1890" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Stertinius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="FEC9FB94F84B5D0E67B2C625ADB301A4" italics="true">Stertinius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, is considered a member of
<taxonomicName id="9CEDCC30A182F885908B641A00C7187F" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1903" rank="subTribe" subTribe="Simaethina">Simaethina</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="50F97A67BA02690D947423D030CF0CCF" DOI="10.1636/arac-43-03-231-292" author="Maddison" firstAuthor="Maddison" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of Arachnology" pagination="231-292" refId="B18" refString="Maddison WP (2015) A phylogenetic classification of jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae). The Journal of Arachnology 43 (3): 231292. https://doi.org/10.1636/arac-43-03-231-292" title="A phylogenetic classification of jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae)." volume="43" year="2015">Maddison 2015</bibRefCitation>
). Currently, 16 species have been placed in this genus, primarily from east and southeast Asia (
<bibRefCitation id="DBCAFA20B0142C6E652E3328CEE33A88" DOI="10.24436/2" refId="B35" refString="World Spider Catalog (2024) World Spider Catalog. Version 25.0. Natural History Museum Bern, http://wsc.nmbe.ch. [accessed on 3 Jul. 2024] https://doi.org/10.24436/2" url="http://wsc.nmbe.ch" year="2024">WSC 2024</bibRefCitation>
). The genus is poorly defined because the generotype is lacking essential diagnostic drawings, and most of its species were assigned to the genus based only on the similarity to some of the known congeners (
<bibRefCitation id="C12E3D5C8E5251EBFEF29D4F17BDAD43" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1192.114589" author="Wang" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Wang" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="141-178" refId="B32" refString="Wang C, Mi XQ, Li S (2024) Eleven species of jumping spiders from Sichuan, Xizang, and Yunnan, China (Araneae, Salticidae). ZooKeys 1192: 141178. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1192.114589" title="Eleven species of jumping spiders from Sichuan, Xizang, and Yunnan, China (Araneae, Salticidae)." volume="1192" year="2024">Wang et al. 2024</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<heading id="89985FD51AC2C5E92B8A362C60AB996C" reason="label">Genus</heading>
<taxonomicName id="B535B8FEF2E5E6FC5C8E35E94CDABC15" ID-CoL="63T2Z" authority="Simon, 1889" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1889" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Siler" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="499F5340ECFC48F31BBFA5507DF4BFC0" italics="true">Siler</emphasis>
Simon, 1889
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<typeStatus id="7DE48B120A5F57AB2F5BCDBD532F2B28">Type</typeStatus>
species.
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<taxonomicName id="6748289E8D4ED77D9A91A07218C82ADF" authority="Simon, 1889" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1889" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Siler" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cupreus">
<emphasis id="7BCC3546BA2DDA0CCFE4DE7999CBCA68" italics="true">Siler cupreus</emphasis>
Simon, 1889
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;
<typeStatus id="0B58E6A4C2DE221ABBE89483B986F72D">type</typeStatus>
locality Yokohama,
<collectingCountry id="526DBA25F188051819B47B3C35960F7B" name="Japan">Japan</collectingCountry>
.
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<heading id="14E9B196E2FCFADFDD46911B8E009572" reason="title">Comments.</heading>
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<paragraph id="A1A31FBAC569EB1229976615317F3608">
<taxonomicName id="E4690B8C6BEBCBCBC3ACBA40AF2B5791" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1889" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Siler" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="7A7B887F3E97DDF2C2045E9C21699496" italics="true">Siler</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a member of Chrysillini, comprises 12 species, mainly distributed in east and southeast Asia (
<bibRefCitation id="8A543DEFFFD0A01C385DE1DEEF774CF3" DOI="10.1636/arac-43-03-231-292" author="Maddison" firstAuthor="Maddison" issue="3" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of Arachnology" pagination="231-292" refId="B18" refString="Maddison WP (2015) A phylogenetic classification of jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae). The Journal of Arachnology 43 (3): 231292. https://doi.org/10.1636/arac-43-03-231-292" title="A phylogenetic classification of jumping spiders (Araneae: Salticidae)." volume="43" year="2015">Maddison 2015</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EC2E73FCC23A9F62436DF45BC0F16049" DOI="10.24436/2" refId="B35" refString="World Spider Catalog (2024) World Spider Catalog. Version 25.0. Natural History Museum Bern, http://wsc.nmbe.ch. [accessed on 3 Jul. 2024] https://doi.org/10.24436/2" url="http://wsc.nmbe.ch" year="2024">WSC 2024</bibRefCitation>
). The genus has not been revised recently. Like most salticid genera, a high rate (58.3 %) of its species are known only from a single sex. In addition, three species are only known from the original description, and
<taxonomicName id="2009C12E8CFC58C6E2FF1BB0097F177D" authority="Simon, 1901" authorityName="Simon" authorityYear="1901" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Siler" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pulcher">
<emphasis id="634CBE25280A01B6C9ED79A8CBC4C156" italics="true">S. pulcher</emphasis>
Simon, 1901
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has never been illustrated (
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).
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<taxonomicName id="0E48DD7BEC5707F17FED7906F2571AAB" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Synagelides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xuandei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="49284C8279736C209E659949FC5DBCC2" italics="true">Synagelides xuandei</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="F455590A5F73F60EF4F8282F8FBAD3C9" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation id="E666123A7C6631A5AF0FC311F5926F60" captionStart="Figure 33" captionStartId="F33" captionText="Figure 33. Male palp of Synagelides xuandei sp. nov. A D holotype and E paratype (TRU - JS 0782) A prolateral B retrolateral C ventral D dorsal E embolus and median apophysis, retrolateral. Abbreviations: CF cymbial flange; CR cymibal ridge; DCA dorsal cymbial apophysis; DTA dorsal tibial apophysis; E embolus; MA median apophysis; MTP membranous tegular peak; PB patellar bump of male palp; PFA prolateral femoral apophysis; RCA retrolateral cymbial apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; VTP ventral tibial process. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201140">Figs 33</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="0F82619C4A285512E397E88D8C2F3AB4" captionStart="Figure 34" captionStartId="F34" captionText="Figure 34. Synagelides xuandei sp. nov. E, F, H J holotype and A D, G female paratype (TRU - JS 0785) A, C epigyne, ventral B, D vulva, dorsal E, G habitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral H carapace, frontal I tibia and metatarsi I, prolateral J chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; AR atrial ridge; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; F epigynal fold; FD fertilization duct; S spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A D, J); 0.5 mm (E I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure34" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201141">34</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="C20521C17D1EBC96C33DF8233DECDD80" captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="F47" captionText="Figure 47. Distributional records of Cheliceroides jinxini sp. nov., Dendroicius qiong sp. nov., Icius deergong sp. nov., I. yarlungzangbo sp. nov., Mintonia shiwandashan sp. nov., Okinawicius nepalicus (Andreeva, Hęciak &amp; Prószyński, 1984), Pancorius medog sp. nov., Piranthus maddisoni sp. nov., Stertinius lhoba sp. nov., Synagelides kongmingi sp. nov., S. yunchangi sp. nov., S. xuandei sp. nov., Yaginumaella daweishan sp. nov., Y. moinba sp. nov., and Y. pingbian sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201156">47</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="44B955CBCDAD3977828EE51DD9D234C2">
<materialsCitation id="E2B76A78FD55C8A8A4896C18128CDEC3" collectingDate="2021-11-08" collectionCode="TRU" collectorName="A. L. He" country="China" county="Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County" elevation="1310" latitude="24.167833" location="Laibing City" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="110.24133" municipality="Autonomous Region" specimenCode="JS 0781" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Guangxi" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="90D3BFBF77D6EF7F289A728FAC675A4B" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="D6420AE03CE2DE78F2833ECB6826A8C8" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="B19D4908D6EED4AA76F58BB1A1A5B55C" count="1" type="male"></specimenCount>
(
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EFRBK" xlink_title="Tongren University">
<collectionCode id="782D35591B1C828B8B5FED6F8041CB50" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">TRU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
-
<specimenCode id="B9EC980E6249621EE01D4EB773CAD8D4" collectionCode="TRU" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJRBK" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0781
</specimenCode>
),
<collectingCountry id="7A6854A4720AB30004FB33FFCAA4EE6B" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
: •
<collectingRegion id="1C3A10FC2B856EECC3C977B81F70F512" country="China" name="Guangxi">Guangxi Zhuang</collectingRegion>
<collectingMunicipality id="3E13BF94B0EEB842276D147D48553952">Autonomous Region</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="66BB4FD599E8986E7EEC2A2DF74E996E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E600F30AC5FE5239A5CA51158A1E2DA2:66BB4FD599E8986E7EEC2A2DF74E996E" country="China" county="Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County" latitude="24.167833" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="110.24133" municipality="Autonomous Region" name="Laibing City" stateProvince="Guangxi">Laibing City</location>
,
<collectingCounty id="1CE47ED3BA5E521EE30730F8E0519D5F">Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="BD9ADA22D400CE0C8E3F7870AB4140AE" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E600F30AC5FE5239A5CA51158A1E2DA2:BD9ADA22D400CE0C8E3F7870AB4140AE" country="China" county="Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County" latitude="24.167833" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="110.24133" municipality="Autonomous Region" name="Yinshan Park" stateProvince="Guangxi">Yinshan Park</location>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EQRBK" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[110.241333,24.167833]}">
<geoCoordinate id="5B14BFFA86F58D4DEF314EAA2F02AF0C" degrees="24" direction="north" minutes="10.07" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="24.167833">24 ° 10.07 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="2961871E4F037A37B28E7DCEBD2AC606" degrees="110" direction="east" minutes="14.48" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="110.24133">110 ° 14.48 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
, ca
<quantity id="9DD69145A421B5AFB7248CD1ADDEC89A" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.31" unit="m" value="1310.0">
<elevation id="4E472F507CF9BFA4541A2BF7F806C674" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.31" unit="m" value="1310.0">1310 m</elevation>
</quantity>
),
<date id="EC998DF5D62AE156711D0259F2471B42" value="2021-11-08">
<collectingDate id="BE20BDB4C0B8A2FF266B2B0D11C56F6E" value="2021-11-08">8. XI. 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="2EEDC1676E2F787C1744902B29C46B82">A. L. He</collectorName>
et al. leg
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="B8AD1A806F4934FB095CFDA7D77C4484" collectingDate="2021-11-08" collectionCode="TRU" collectorName="A. L. He" country="China" county="Jinxiu Yao Autonomous County" elevation="1310" latitude="24.167833" location="Laibing City" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="110.24133" municipality="Autonomous Region" specimenCode="JS 0782-0791" specimenCount="10" specimenCount-female="7" specimenCount-male="3" stateProvince="Guangxi" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="9253A83A462155119E7B79F7E9E56FE5" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="C1BD7FDCD032BA1AB178766A567A11ED" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="F1B7B7546B0116D766F0AE23B5870396" count="3" type="male">3 ♂</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="02C7FEF4A67DFD87B8D27B1A81DF6A16" count="7" type="female">7 ♀</specimenCount>
(
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYRBK" xlink_title="Tongren University">
<collectionCode id="E3E64AB17601B5D4A956D33A86DC93EE" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">TRU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
-
<specimenCode id="D5486D2ACC2F32C12DC0DF03DA8C32A5" collectionCode="TRU" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3RBK" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
07820791
</specimenCode>
), same data as for holotype
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EASBK" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="63A9FF19F1EFC29F47EE6B23293ABF06">
<heading id="D70634ED3A825E91A6D6309CC6208C99" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D1E4490EDEB4C250F41121B1A6DB10DC">
The specific name is after Mr. Liu Xuande, who is the first emperor of Shu during the Three Kingdoms of ancient
<collectingCountry id="AD126F82ECFA93CD0CE7318FB7B43D1E" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
; noun (name) in the genitive case.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EFSBK" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="A6AF43EE34ED22480B10ACE30E1EBA0B">
<heading id="DB9CEC7EA5D2DDD2227611AB257086F2" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4031AA53C619F76A0D9E9C9484583485">
The male of
<taxonomicName id="DB3EA2D9CA7BB11895D91CE6FCDC544A" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Synagelides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xuandei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="EBFBA253297DBB04D2DCA0C9F1255C0C" italics="true">Synagelides xuandei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B04B4F838A676AE618F12D2870760DB0" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="391758378BB19F97D66E5ADDFC1DFC99" authority="Lin &amp; Li, 2024" authorityName="Lin &amp; Li" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Synagelides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="huangxin">
<emphasis id="960C1938BC24FC7AC1F69E7E5799FF75" italics="true">S. huangxin</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FF4BDBDDD78282703D79D3DCCB5D0450" DOI="10.11865/zs.2024101" author="Lin YJ &amp; Li S &amp; Mo HL &amp; Wang XH" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Systematics" pagination="4-98" refId="B13" refString="Lin YJ, Li S, Mo HL, Wang XH (2024 b) Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 4 - 98. https: // doi. org / 10.11865 / zs. 2024101" title="Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam." volume="49" year="2024">
Lin &amp; Li,
<quantity id="0C44DE224AD8AF47B8F23F2C030C500B" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.14096" unit="in" value="2024.0">2024 in</quantity>
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
general shape of the palp, but can be distinguished by the median apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBTBK" xlink_title="median apophysis">MA</abbrev>
), which is widest distally and has a base elongate-oval lamellar branch (Fig.
<figureCitation id="1768D290FD1F0F43EC18A47E73640FF4" captionStart="Figure 33" captionStartId="F33" captionText="Figure 33. Male palp of Synagelides xuandei sp. nov. A D holotype and E paratype (TRU - JS 0782) A prolateral B retrolateral C ventral D dorsal E embolus and median apophysis, retrolateral. Abbreviations: CF cymbial flange; CR cymibal ridge; DCA dorsal cymbial apophysis; DTA dorsal tibial apophysis; E embolus; MA median apophysis; MTP membranous tegular peak; PB patellar bump of male palp; PFA prolateral femoral apophysis; RCA retrolateral cymbial apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; VTP ventral tibial process. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201140">33 B, E</figureCitation>
) vs almost tapered at distal half and lacking similar branch (
<bibRefCitation id="7EEC620DCA40AE4E0AB2F629F1647428" DOI="10.11865/zs.2024101" author="Lin YJ &amp; Li S &amp; Mo HL &amp; Wang XH" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Systematics" pagination="4-98" refId="B13" refString="Lin YJ, Li S, Mo HL, Wang XH (2024 b) Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam. Zoological Systematics 49 (1): 498. https://doi.org/10.11865/zs.2024101" title="Thirty-eight spider species (Arachnida: Araneae) from China, Indonesia, Japan and Vietnam." volume="49">Lin et al. 2024 b</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 47 B). The female of this species resembles that of
<taxonomicName id="A333B71A1A16432FE64ECA2CF0B783B4" authority="Wang, Mi, Irfan &amp; Peng, 2020" authorityName="Wang, Mi, Irfan &amp; Peng" authorityYear="2020" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Synagelides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subgambosus">
<emphasis id="4D1FA18C87F5F2C4C2A2E157380A1F23" italics="true">S. subgambosus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="8A352569E1F785E59B737FD888F05B34" DOI="10.5852/ejt.2020.724.1153" author="Wang C &amp; Mi XQ &amp; Irfan M &amp; Peng XJ" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="European Journal of Taxonomy" pagination="1-33" refId="B30" refString="Wang C, Mi XQ, Irfan M, Peng XJ (2020) On eight species of the spider genus Synagelides Strand, 1906 from China (Araneae: Salticidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 724 (1): 1 - 33. https: // doi. org / 10.5852 / ejt. 2020.724. 1153" title="On eight species of the spider genus Synagelides Strand, 1906 from China (Araneae: Salticidae)." volume="724" year="2020">
Wang, Mi, Irfan &amp; Peng,
<quantity id="4F7B554FD6AFAD1634A8C2B2CF67AD0B" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.1308" unit="in" value="2020.0">2020 in</quantity>
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
general shape of epigyne, especially the rugulose atrium (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYTBK" xlink_title="atrium">At</abbrev>
), but can be easily distinguished the copulatory ducts (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3TBK" xlink_title="copulatory duct">
<collectionCode id="0988CB91E499D2A0021760441D3F509C">CD</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
), which are strongly curved at proximal half (Fig.
<figureCitation id="9E9DDD7CB8A9AE39B7D8F488425495F5" captionStart="Figure 34" captionStartId="F34" captionText="Figure 34. Synagelides xuandei sp. nov. E, F, H J holotype and A D, G female paratype (TRU - JS 0785) A, C epigyne, ventral B, D vulva, dorsal E, G habitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral H carapace, frontal I tibia and metatarsi I, prolateral J chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; AR atrial ridge; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; F epigynal fold; FD fertilization duct; S spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A D, J); 0.5 mm (E I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure34" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201141">34 B D</figureCitation>
) vs straight (
<bibRefCitation id="BB7CCBCFAE87C2BACA3156F71562A6BA" DOI="10.5852/ejt.2020.724.1153" author="Wang" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Wang" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="European Journal of Taxonomy" pagination="1-33" refId="B30" refString="Wang C, Mi XQ, Irfan M, Peng XJ (2020) On eight species of the spider genus Synagelides Strand, 1906 from China (Araneae: Salticidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 724 (1): 133. https://doi.org/10.5852/ejt.2020.724.1153" title="On eight species of the spider genus Synagelides Strand, 1906 from China (Araneae: Salticidae)." volume="724" year="2020">Wang et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 12 B, C).
</paragraph>
<caption id="65FECB14F05A385B0B556F9E8ABA2793" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure33" ID-arpha="B81D519A-9BF4-5384-A786-B914D092B680" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201140" startId="F33">
<paragraph id="939B9EC0787A3A73B583C832EC64E225">
<label id="4E84162B1C9A3CB81781A583493B842E">Figure 33.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BE8017C31C0378CC230ECA6156F1B209">
Male palp of
<taxonomicName id="B36E0119277EA1C460B2EBC72EA1D49C" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Synagelides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xuandei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="683A58D2227585E45EEFF2E3CE2DB116" italics="true">Synagelides xuandei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4CF4C79AD4FC43DEE14105849AA6B1BA" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="6F478205E51A666F6C96EC632DDC71F0" bold="true">A D</emphasis>
holotype and
<emphasis id="D01099AABA994733EC20F88CBC784445" bold="true">E</emphasis>
paratype (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E6UBK" xlink_title="Tongren University">TRU</abbrev>
-
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EDVBK" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0782)
<emphasis id="CCA4DE3AB03F2AAF0B63AED56428DB0E" bold="true">A</emphasis>
prolateral
<emphasis id="3D7D73C8E14F51ADC4D8F90E5E97EC3A" bold="true">B</emphasis>
retrolateral
<emphasis id="98C074C7450EED3FD42B3B2B369A5D8C" bold="true">C</emphasis>
ventral
<emphasis id="4323102DD61745DC64BFA8178460A7E8" bold="true">D</emphasis>
dorsal
<emphasis id="4F031E949CECD71910E52A4FA4D75DFF" bold="true">E</emphasis>
embolus and median apophysis, retrolateral. Abbreviations:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERVBK" xlink_title="cymbial flange">CF</abbrev>
cymbial flange;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVVBK" xlink_title="prolateral cymibal ridged portion">CR</abbrev>
cymibal ridge;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZVBK" xlink_title="dorsal cymbial apophysis">DCA</abbrev>
dorsal cymbial apophysis;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4VBK" xlink_title="dorsal tibial apophysis">DTA</abbrev>
dorsal tibial apophysis; E embolus;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBWBK" xlink_title="median apophysis">MA</abbrev>
median apophysis;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EFWBK" xlink_title="membranous tegular peak">MTP</abbrev>
membranous tegular peak;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EJWBK" xlink_title="patellar bump of male palp">PB</abbrev>
patellar bump of male palp;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENWBK" xlink_title="prolateral femoral apophysis">PFA</abbrev>
prolateral femoral apophysis;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERWBK" xlink_title="retrolateral cymbial apophysis">RCA</abbrev>
retrolateral cymbial apophysis;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVWBK" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">RTA</abbrev>
retrolateral tibial apophysis;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZWBK" xlink_title="ventral tibial process">VTP</abbrev>
ventral tibial process. Scale bars: 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="54FD0B3FE743B661271DD551AA9E6842" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure34" ID-arpha="745D434A-39DB-5337-8B4E-D4BB91771AC0" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201141" startId="F34">
<paragraph id="C3EEE865E2378A2E2C968797D7BC5408">
<label id="C7315741F2240453D9088838280433A8">Figure 34.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E2D6631D78AAF0EF4C96806D09A7BB89">
<taxonomicName id="5D4CE672666C5B6E49EF94C496C3AAB0" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Synagelides" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="xuandei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="3DA61E29B5604C677EC251A6CAC78D94" italics="true">Synagelides xuandei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B879199FD1C84D95529477A94A5C0F73" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<emphasis id="0D4D7CBA8C38173B07D6E70BF97DC1F9" bold="true">E, F, H J</emphasis>
holotype and
<emphasis id="5BE2365F37399C331911996072501F61" bold="true">A D, G</emphasis>
female paratype (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZXBK" xlink_title="Tongren University">TRU</abbrev>
-
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4XBK" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0785)
<emphasis id="D4701C6A1CDBBC91CE31951A89FF5A3E" bold="true">A, C</emphasis>
epigyne, ventral
<emphasis id="5165D9673582FFB4B71A6DBBC287E45A" bold="true">B, D</emphasis>
vulva, dorsal
<emphasis id="E1CF516908BC6866F1AEA6BA390C8CD7" bold="true">E, G</emphasis>
habitus, dorsal
<emphasis id="044DAA5AE7F1CD316C03D6133E235FBB" bold="true">F</emphasis>
ditto, ventral
<emphasis id="69D6879DBB347FCF8AE3C6E99957E26C" bold="true">H</emphasis>
carapace, frontal
<emphasis id="B54D0EA3B692DBDE3775321772D9C179" bold="true">I</emphasis>
tibia and metatarsi I, prolateral
<emphasis id="8190C7D966D2F99536B92591C97E5723" bold="true">J</emphasis>
chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EPYBK" xlink_title="accessory gland">AG</abbrev>
accessory gland;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ETYBK" xlink_title="atrial ridge">AR</abbrev>
atrial ridge;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EXYBK" xlink_title="copulatory duct">CD</abbrev>
copulatory duct;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E2YBK" xlink_title="copulatory opening">CO</abbrev>
copulatory opening; F epigynal fold;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E6YBK" xlink_title="fertilization duct">FD</abbrev>
fertilization duct; S spermatheca;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EDZBK" xlink_title="septum">Se</abbrev>
septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (
<emphasis id="98538E1F339C7FA01C58E5B87AD47AA3" bold="true">A D, J</emphasis>
); 0.5 mm (
<emphasis id="47742440D8FBF2E7176D2834159FF807" bold="true">E I)</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EQZBK" type="description">
<paragraph id="BC7D5B673F85CF68206EBDD9B9B2B304">
<heading id="375AF0203BFBAA0FF4769BD0C8925CDC" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8A6AF6FB9A8067514672F63604FAD3E8">
<emphasis id="30128EEB82C79A0394CFBD6DF22C784A" bold="true">Male</emphasis>
(Figs
<geoCoordinate id="15B372CE565F1910AAA559D9B5AB0965" degrees="33, 34" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="555" value="33.34">
<figureCitation id="6AD9037CFBEBC7049EEED19E822CE5CE" captionStart="Figure 33" captionStartId="F33" captionText="Figure 33. Male palp of Synagelides xuandei sp. nov. A D holotype and E paratype (TRU - JS 0782) A prolateral B retrolateral C ventral D dorsal E embolus and median apophysis, retrolateral. Abbreviations: CF cymbial flange; CR cymibal ridge; DCA dorsal cymbial apophysis; DTA dorsal tibial apophysis; E embolus; MA median apophysis; MTP membranous tegular peak; PB patellar bump of male palp; PFA prolateral femoral apophysis; RCA retrolateral cymbial apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; VTP ventral tibial process. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201140">33</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="B02A0E9BF12A8B8DBFA75792C7FD9F3D" captionStart="Figure 34" captionStartId="F34" captionText="Figure 34. Synagelides xuandei sp. nov. E, F, H J holotype and A D, G female paratype (TRU - JS 0785) A, C epigyne, ventral B, D vulva, dorsal E, G habitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral H carapace, frontal I tibia and metatarsi I, prolateral J chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; AR atrial ridge; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; F epigynal fold; FD fertilization duct; S spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A D, J); 0.5 mm (E I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure34" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201141">34 E, F, H J</figureCitation>
</geoCoordinate>
). Total length 4.63. Carapace 2.07 long, 1.48 wide. Abdomen 2.52 long, 1.22 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EA1BK" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.50,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EE1BK" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.27,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EI1BK" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.26,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EM1BK" xlink_title="anterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="B3CCF91C6076F837829F2DC4EC84B17A">AERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.46,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQ1BK" xlink_title="posterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="52909882C7AAA453F244BB23F821A8DD">PERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.48,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EU1BK" xlink_title="eye field length">EFL</abbrev>
1.15. Legs: I 5.86 (1.85, 1.68, 1.45, 0.58, 0.30), II 3.72 (1.13, 0.58, 0.95, 0.73, 0.33), III 3.91 (1.15, 0.53, 0.95, 0.95, 0.33), IV 5.27 (1.38, 0.68, 1.43, 1.35, 0.43). Carapace mainly red-brown, covered with thin setae. Legs mainly red-brown, with four and two pairs of ventral spines on tibiae and metatarsi I. Dorsum of abdomen dark brown, with pair of longitudinal, anterolateral, pale setal stripes and pair of oblique, median, pale setal patches; venter pale, with broad, central dark brown patch.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F661DD51F27CBF5D7984BB89E8ECF4C3">
<emphasis id="5D8C4611251A1A617DB3107E9DA2A5C4" bold="true" italics="true">Palp</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="DA689BB2C0C2C7EDF7DBA48A5012E095" captionStart="Figure 33" captionStartId="F33" captionText="Figure 33. Male palp of Synagelides xuandei sp. nov. A D holotype and E paratype (TRU - JS 0782) A prolateral B retrolateral C ventral D dorsal E embolus and median apophysis, retrolateral. Abbreviations: CF cymbial flange; CR cymibal ridge; DCA dorsal cymbial apophysis; DTA dorsal tibial apophysis; E embolus; MA median apophysis; MTP membranous tegular peak; PB patellar bump of male palp; PFA prolateral femoral apophysis; RCA retrolateral cymbial apophysis; RTA retrolateral tibial apophysis; VTP ventral tibial process. Scale bars: 0.1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure33" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201140">33 A E</figureCitation>
): femur length / width ratio ca 2.1; patella ~ 1.6 × longer than wide in retrolateral view; tibia short, with sub-triangular dorsal apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ED2BK" xlink_title="dorsal tibial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="3B3889DE2663A358EF744D0410279618">DTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) and slender, S-shaped retrolateral apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EH2BK" xlink_title="retrolateral tibial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="4B57E1743A595ADE33385B0E25D13D07">RTA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
); cymbium ~ 1.8 × longer than wide, with prolateral ridged portion (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EL2BK" xlink_title="prolateral cymibal ridged portion">CR</abbrev>
), blunt retrolateral apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EP2BK" xlink_title="retrolateral cymbial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="E66E79C1729D43F22D319F1EB740B136">RCA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) and tapered baso-dorsal apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ET2BK" xlink_title="dorsal cymbial apophysis">
<collectionCode id="CB17B60D94F8AE2DCEA24681738D66CE">DCA</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) with pointed end; tegulum swollen; median apophysis (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EX2BK" xlink_title="median apophysis">MA</abbrev>
) large, broadened and forming mesal ridge, with base, elongate-oval lamellar branch extended ventrally; embolus (E) forming half-round disc at base, then tapered and curved into rather blunt tip.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AB005994F1A2A71AE8223CEDF4265EDF">
<emphasis id="0653761ECAAEBC05D78D11D17D2A1A3F" bold="true">Female</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="903E4FDD64789CC1DFCB3FFEC7F4BAE5" captionStart="Figure 34" captionStartId="F34" captionText="Figure 34. Synagelides xuandei sp. nov. E, F, H J holotype and A D, G female paratype (TRU - JS 0785) A, C epigyne, ventral B, D vulva, dorsal E, G habitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral H carapace, frontal I tibia and metatarsi I, prolateral J chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; AR atrial ridge; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; F epigynal fold; FD fertilization duct; S spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A D, J); 0.5 mm (E I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure34" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201141">34 A D, G</figureCitation>
). Total length 4.88. Carapace 2.02 long, 1.39 wide. Abdomen 2.72 long, 1.47 wide. Eye sizes and inter-distances:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ED3BK" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.50,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EH3BK" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.28,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EL3BK" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.26,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EP3BK" xlink_title="anterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="88174EA80DDCA39F9EC1CC27A1ACE63F">AERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.51,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ET3BK" xlink_title="posterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="8347EB42AB94CDEBF63E1E10BD9647A6">PERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.49,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EX3BK" xlink_title="eye field length">EFL</abbrev>
1.21. Legs: I 4.83 (1.50, 1.23, 1.25, 0.55, 0.30), II 3.63 (1.10, 0.55, 0.90, 0.78, 0.30), III 3.94 (1.13, 0.53, 0.95, 0.98, 0.35), IV 5.40 (1.45, 0.70, 1.40, 1.40, 0.45). Habitus (Fig.
<figureCitation id="9EA693CC6EF5A4306DECF2D618250F0C" captionStart="Figure 34" captionStartId="F34" captionText="Figure 34. Synagelides xuandei sp. nov. E, F, H J holotype and A D, G female paratype (TRU - JS 0785) A, C epigyne, ventral B, D vulva, dorsal E, G habitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral H carapace, frontal I tibia and metatarsi I, prolateral J chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; AR atrial ridge; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; F epigynal fold; FD fertilization duct; S spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A D, J); 0.5 mm (E I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure34" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201141">34 G</figureCitation>
) similar to that of male except paler and with much shallow similar patterns.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="77A19940A4075DAE50DBBE2CDB4FAF36">
<emphasis id="ECB760BA2B677BE419D24F393DEB6903" bold="true" italics="true">Epigyne</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="AD3CF2C6434711B15436F80FFB0B4E16" captionStart="Figure 34" captionStartId="F34" captionText="Figure 34. Synagelides xuandei sp. nov. E, F, H J holotype and A D, G female paratype (TRU - JS 0785) A, C epigyne, ventral B, D vulva, dorsal E, G habitus, dorsal F ditto, ventral H carapace, frontal I tibia and metatarsi I, prolateral J chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: AG accessory gland; AR atrial ridge; CD copulatory duct; CO copulatory opening; F epigynal fold; FD fertilization duct; S spermatheca; Se septum. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A D, J); 0.5 mm (E I)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure34" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201141">34 A D</figureCitation>
) slightly longer than wide, with broad posterior fold (F) ~ 1 / 3 atrial width; atrium (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EK4BK" xlink_title="atrium">At</abbrev>
) crinkly, occupied anterior 3 / 5 and separated by narrow septum (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EO4BK" xlink_title="septum">Se</abbrev>
), with pair of lateral ridges (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ES4BK" xlink_title="atrial ridge">AR</abbrev>
); copulatory openings (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EW4BK" xlink_title="copulatory opening">CO</abbrev>
) invisible; copulatory ducts (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E14BK" xlink_title="copulatory duct">
<collectionCode id="3F6463437FC22FB51C7E7DE878B9C5FC">CD</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) strongly curved at proximal, and connected to inner portions of spermathecae, with bar-shaped, terminal accessory glands (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E54BK" xlink_title="accessory gland">
<collectionCode id="86DADBB76BEC8BFE8C5022BE3FE9CDF9">AG</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
); spermathecae (S) touching each other, with spherical inner portions and transversely extended, elongate-oval outside portions.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EC5BK" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="0E0B8F89728420A5F75E190C226691C3">
<heading id="61DD5ED089A16C4FF51C5103DF0C5A3F" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5976FC8AEB21D3824386FA4318B5AD55">
Known only from the
<typeStatus id="BD847AD301235A531C4D8DF0172EE50F">type</typeStatus>
locality in
<collectingRegion id="8EB49D74143483616549178C6848A747" country="China" name="Guangxi">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="E4A663D01C1C0E2A0E320C6E03E88374" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="0919AD3F2CF3E219BDCCA9AAD8D035FD" captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="F47" captionText="Figure 47. Distributional records of Cheliceroides jinxini sp. nov., Dendroicius qiong sp. nov., Icius deergong sp. nov., I. yarlungzangbo sp. nov., Mintonia shiwandashan sp. nov., Okinawicius nepalicus (Andreeva, Hęciak &amp; Prószyński, 1984), Pancorius medog sp. nov., Piranthus maddisoni sp. nov., Stertinius lhoba sp. nov., Synagelides kongmingi sp. nov., S. yunchangi sp. nov., S. xuandei sp. nov., Yaginumaella daweishan sp. nov., Y. moinba sp. nov., and Y. pingbian sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201156">47</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,290 @@
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<mods:title id="868CAE178B864E48B81EEC07C4A76EFA">Taxonomic notes of jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae) from Guangxi, Hainan, Sichuan, Xizang and Yunnan, China</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="67BBC78EE5ECBEFF001CD7CC6C1553EB">Wang, Cheng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="972E2A1113CBD886A2FF07A777406B4D">Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in the Fanjing Mountain Region, Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou 554300, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="B879456B0CE8149B86DFD30AEE901BFC">Mi, Xiaoqi</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="96EAF5DBBB5EA965C99A76D405F5D54D">Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in the Fanjing Mountain Region, Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou 554300, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:namePart id="DD52A8D9E62B0C5D9395680597277E27">Li, Shuqiang</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="BC39077E171C1C0F9AC0AE8A4EADC200" type="ORCID">0000-0002-3290-5416</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="C40ADBBF4A355AE3CC0B6D85F1E25C85">Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China &amp; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="D07F1029950ADD0E8321538C1E219A23">Xu, Xiang</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="ABF58FD5D91F60D0BABE2516D47190A0" type="ORCID">0000-0001-9485-5373</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="DA6389D38E9153FEB5902A4B747FDEAC">College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China</mods:affiliation>
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<subSubSection id="B32986527609F6AFD8E37FFA9888D8AC" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="CAF9163CDE943981DBC9E27A4F5B3B32">
<taxonomicName id="46D2BD1B43A26DF2C83713C5270C0712" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Pancorius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medog" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="78594542472650F90E34AB41329D890F" italics="true">Pancorius medog</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DA430E7F50E8977EEE1C6714E658BD32" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="39FC3A30D3496FD548D788DACEEE7E2D" type="description">
<paragraph id="375F8B8F4CDE66C613AA1A772C65B29A">
<figureCitation id="3927D2E9D918D6CB6FC30A802C972E30" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Pancorius medog sp. nov., holotype A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C habitus, dorsal D ditto, lateral E ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: At atrium; CO copulatory opening; CD copulatory duct; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201126">Figs 20</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="7CB9D6401851B3844261E765EE7E2CC2" captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="F47" captionText="Figure 47. Distributional records of Cheliceroides jinxini sp. nov., Dendroicius qiong sp. nov., Icius deergong sp. nov., I. yarlungzangbo sp. nov., Mintonia shiwandashan sp. nov., Okinawicius nepalicus (Andreeva, Hęciak &amp; Prószyński, 1984), Pancorius medog sp. nov., Piranthus maddisoni sp. nov., Stertinius lhoba sp. nov., Synagelides kongmingi sp. nov., S. yunchangi sp. nov., S. xuandei sp. nov., Yaginumaella daweishan sp. nov., Y. moinba sp. nov., and Y. pingbian sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201156">47</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EGKCI" type="type material">
<paragraph id="1A429F554C31050CE3C055CA483FBBE2">
<heading id="F7BA234BA14E4C8311DF928A2067C201" reason="title">Type material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CC38740B6B622634A615B01631AD65AC">
<materialsCitation id="0746634F8BDBEDADC138F3475190E120" collectingDate="2024-05-25" collectionCode="TRU" collectorName="X. Q. Mi" country="China" county="Medog County" elevation="1670" latitude="29.180666" location="Beibeng Township" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="95.1445" municipality="Autonomous Region" specimenCode="JS 0761" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Xizang" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="E7DB0EA115FA7C1B58B78CF07ADD2CC3" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="E95896259BE56B03847EA6A3A745E7D8" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="5A70934CC9C5385018C4362A5CD0718A" count="1" type="female"></specimenCount>
(
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERKCI" xlink_title="Tongren University">
<collectionCode id="6F1219934B1B37980D573E0A5BC3A435" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">TRU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
-
<specimenCode id="A3BAB696CA6D04528900A0797780ABF0" collectionCode="TRU" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EVKCI" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
0761
</specimenCode>
),
<collectingCountry id="9093A0606DF326D686778723CDCF6BBA" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
: •
<collectingRegion id="725B8FC45D4445CD33F188D6FD656662" country="China" name="Xizang">Xizang</collectingRegion>
<collectingMunicipality id="E627762E6D866976FB4B012A971EBEE0">Autonomous Region</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="6A9C7474248A94427E8DDD81EC21EEC9">Medog County</collectingCounty>
,
<location id="8B470ABAA09375E5065B1E4AEBA27259" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EA7FFB9D06475D0AB1EE467122C12558:8B470ABAA09375E5065B1E4AEBA27259" country="China" county="Medog County" latitude="29.180666" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="95.1445" municipality="Autonomous Region" name="Beibeng Township" stateProvince="Xizang">Beibeng Township</location>
,
<location id="C9CE9AF156EB4DF16E7957DAC5D5AAA9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EA7FFB9D06475D0AB1EE467122C12558:C9CE9AF156EB4DF16E7957DAC5D5AAA9" country="China" county="Medog County" latitude="29.180666" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="95.1445" municipality="Autonomous Region" name="Deergong Village" stateProvince="Xizang">Deergong Village</location>
,
<location id="1A11B82F22620F3F967234244D14E950" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EA7FFB9D06475D0AB1EE467122C12558:1A11B82F22620F3F967234244D14E950" country="China" county="Medog County" latitude="29.180666" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="95.1445" municipality="Autonomous Region" name="Yarlung Zangbo National Nature Reserve" stateProvince="Xizang">Yarlung Zangbo National Nature Reserve</location>
(
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E3KCI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[95.144500,29.180667]}">
<geoCoordinate id="E5ECA298112488E8C9322CB3B1BC20CF" degrees="29" direction="north" minutes="10.84" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="29.180666">29 ° 10.84 ' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="D6413A16A20CF6BEDA520E310A761F78" degrees="95" direction="east" minutes="8.67" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="95.1445">95 ° 8.67 ' E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
, ca
<quantity id="2E6D30E99DBA4EBBAFF735195A47B98F" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.67" unit="m" value="1670.0">
<elevation id="F98F27720E37622B76B9FF124EAAF0AA" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.67" unit="m" value="1670.0">1670 m</elevation>
</quantity>
),
<date id="F99F0576CC1B27662543B728A7E7C592" value="2024-05-25">
<collectingDate id="D54CB4C549320CC3A039DFB4CBE65DCB" value="2024-05-25">25. V. 2024</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="5E2B413A58F98D4F15F82E174C816B95">X. Q. Mi</collectorName>
et al. leg
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3A77E69294A06A7B6C8A7176468C46D1" collectingDate="2024-05-25" collectionCode="TRU" collectorName="X. Q. Mi" country="China" county="Medog County" elevation="1670" latitude="29.180666" location="Beibeng Township" longLatPrecision="12" longitude="95.1445" municipality="Autonomous Region" specimenCode="JS 0762-0764" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" stateProvince="Xizang" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="249F3B88CA92CB29595B85DB56CAC1D5" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="5D76F8B64BD528A343907B9D4A624E94" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="959F16E8F310741114CC60E92D62E58B" count="3" type="female">3 ♀</specimenCount>
(
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EELCI" xlink_title="Tongren University">
<collectionCode id="D953231AF82830B728488083B9FBE700" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">TRU</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
-
<specimenCode id="73B9D44E5E8A4FF0FC8A0C9DF7842AD0" collectionCode="TRU" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13947" name="Royal Cornwall Museum" type="Herbarium">
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EILCI" xlink_title="junction duct of spermatheca">JS</abbrev>
07620764
</specimenCode>
), same data as for holotype
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EMLCI" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="E8DE3476819A09E9743906759C9D06BA">
<heading id="85B8C2F9CAB1AB4FF55D11171F4DBB05" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BB0B1479F2F9004494C3F39F3230153F">
The specific name is named after the
<typeStatus id="70C0AA694F428CDCD61E5D4BC2F22795">type</typeStatus>
locality, Medog County; noun in apposition.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ERLCI" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="5C703ED49460E392F355CA87C5993FD8">
<heading id="D7A09D292B7C2855D1E1933867FFA790" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C2449E3A81D59587B85F0A522C9152DB">
<taxonomicName id="300E63C51033188FBCB303078D973E22" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Pancorius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medog" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="FAC9E09E4F48368A56ED95B9BF9F3279" italics="true">Pancorius medog</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="DBB954AACE0E48F20899FD9157579569" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
resembles that of
<taxonomicName id="1514210525D174DEBAB9E1C2DF1A2830" authority="Wang, Mi &amp; Li, 2024" authorityName="Wang, Mi &amp; Li" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Pancorius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nyingchi">
<emphasis id="26D49B88428592C7D848C241DDA99448" italics="true">P. nyingchi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="5F9C6F1B6652E831E1BF3C3E1825447B" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1192.114589" author="Wang C &amp; Mi XQ &amp; Li S" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="141-178" refId="B32" refString="Wang C, Mi XQ, Li S (2024) Eleven species of jumping spiders from Sichuan, Xizang, and Yunnan, China (Araneae, Salticidae). ZooKeys 1192: 141 - 178. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 1192.114589" title="Eleven species of jumping spiders from Sichuan, Xizang, and Yunnan, China (Araneae, Salticidae)." volume="1192" year="2024">
Wang, Mi &amp; Li,
<quantity id="AE4A8FB0A585822C97968F6DBD5A5070" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.14096" unit="in" value="2024.0">2024 in</quantity>
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
having a central epigynal hood (H), longitudinal band on the dorsum of abdomen, but can be easily distinguished by the following: 1) epigynal hood opened posteriorly (Fig.
<figureCitation id="D9EDBDADE2594C7D5910005540E62CDC" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Pancorius medog sp. nov., holotype A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C habitus, dorsal D ditto, lateral E ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: At atrium; CO copulatory opening; CD copulatory duct; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201126">20 A</figureCitation>
) vs opened ventro-posteriorly (
<bibRefCitation id="ED45F5B2D14C0B6125F0C9A2B9785481" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1192.114589" author="Wang" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Wang" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="141-178" refId="B32" refString="Wang C, Mi XQ, Li S (2024) Eleven species of jumping spiders from Sichuan, Xizang, and Yunnan, China (Araneae, Salticidae). ZooKeys 1192: 141178. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1192.114589" title="Eleven species of jumping spiders from Sichuan, Xizang, and Yunnan, China (Araneae, Salticidae)." volume="1192" year="2024">Wang et al. 2024</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 12 A); 2) the distinct spermathecae (S) (Fig.
<figureCitation id="5102EEEBC71CA4CB59C2E49D4C8A9B09" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Pancorius medog sp. nov., holotype A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C habitus, dorsal D ditto, lateral E ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: At atrium; CO copulatory opening; CD copulatory duct; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201126">20 B</figureCitation>
) vs indistinct (
<bibRefCitation id="B2873A30554BB5861CAA8DB04872E209" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1192.114589" author="Wang" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Wang" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="141-178" refId="B32" refString="Wang C, Mi XQ, Li S (2024) Eleven species of jumping spiders from Sichuan, Xizang, and Yunnan, China (Araneae, Salticidae). ZooKeys 1192: 141178. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1192.114589" title="Eleven species of jumping spiders from Sichuan, Xizang, and Yunnan, China (Araneae, Salticidae)." volume="1192" year="2024">Wang et al. 2024</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 12 B); 3) presence of central yellow area bearing pale thin setae on carapace (Fig.
<figureCitation id="7E9E1CB58088A65E5F27124CB4027A1C" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Pancorius medog sp. nov., holotype A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C habitus, dorsal D ditto, lateral E ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: At atrium; CO copulatory opening; CD copulatory duct; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201126">20 C</figureCitation>
) vs absent (
<bibRefCitation id="C661135E6C7B29234F2E6A5459772DFA" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1192.114589" author="Wang" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Wang" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="141-178" refId="B32" refString="Wang C, Mi XQ, Li S (2024) Eleven species of jumping spiders from Sichuan, Xizang, and Yunnan, China (Araneae, Salticidae). ZooKeys 1192: 141178. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1192.114589" title="Eleven species of jumping spiders from Sichuan, Xizang, and Yunnan, China (Araneae, Salticidae)." volume="1192" year="2024">Wang et al. 2024</bibRefCitation>
: fig. 12 E).
</paragraph>
<caption id="49C004D09A443AB8D06DBEA9273DE895" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure20" ID-arpha="2BD2F3AA-D8CF-5B67-AF91-EF1EC5C7B61D" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201126" startId="F20">
<paragraph id="AAE0A3649C527C068C5EA2BA0FA7318B">
<label id="4FD22324C6634B6A07F995AD5EA79888">Figure 20.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7BC9263673E4817BFA41B1F56A8ECF3D">
<taxonomicName id="2731D936DB1FB5D291BA5EA7A6EABB4C" authorityName="Wang &amp; Mi &amp; Li &amp; Xu" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Pancorius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medog" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="4EC759DB1F5698FA209B066C2376EDE6" italics="true">Pancorius medog</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7E29CF2C774E7C489BFFB8B68674B33C" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
, holotype
<emphasis id="E95695210F155719875950230F4D19FA" bold="true">A</emphasis>
epigyne, ventral
<emphasis id="A05B0E52E635F8F5D22A09059638D300" bold="true">B</emphasis>
vulva, dorsal
<emphasis id="DD144F78EB0BFD97EC9C6DFE5091A963" bold="true">C</emphasis>
habitus, dorsal
<emphasis id="631C07ECF1E1614803ECAA62CF4023C8" bold="true">D</emphasis>
ditto, lateral
<emphasis id="9236C92F744A1044D06EDD9F61A074DC" bold="true">E</emphasis>
ditto, ventral
<emphasis id="F59582DBBD48E3CA4CD7857D4674035B" bold="true">F</emphasis>
carapace, frontal
<emphasis id="D71D13D1585460FF7C3430ADB6C9EAE2" bold="true">G</emphasis>
chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EGOCI" xlink_title="atrium">At</abbrev>
atrium;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EKOCI" xlink_title="copulatory opening">CO</abbrev>
copulatory opening;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EOOCI" xlink_title="copulatory duct">CD</abbrev>
copulatory duct;
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ESOCI" xlink_title="fertilization duct">FD</abbrev>
fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (
<emphasis id="9067A53000A27159CA8E2E1731DEC1B4" bold="true">A, B, G</emphasis>
); 0.5 mm (
<emphasis id="4454CAA1D596EE7C984335E054B53452" bold="true">C F</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E6OCI" type="description">
<paragraph id="91F5E0155015466D9CF2519C0FCF8C3D">
<heading id="A7D240DE73D1E267BE397105455F6F44" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B8FD28A2AE26B0C498F8704589676CFC">
<emphasis id="9377B418C07E3EDC5D1B2F841CF98CC9" bold="true">Female</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="C76F70F26E2A2CD63D8CC8D917926F55" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Pancorius medog sp. nov., holotype A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C habitus, dorsal D ditto, lateral E ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: At atrium; CO copulatory opening; CD copulatory duct; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201126">20</figureCitation>
). Total length 5.19. Carapace 2.31 long, 1.78 wide. Abdomen 3.01 long, 2.03 wide. Eye sizes and interdistances:
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ELPCI" xlink_title="anterior median eye">AME</abbrev>
0.52,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EPPCI" xlink_title="anterior lateral eye">ALE</abbrev>
0.27,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ETPCI" xlink_title="posterior lateral eye">PLE</abbrev>
0.25,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EXPCI" xlink_title="anterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="375121AF0937DC3ED5229C855773851C">AERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.67,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E2PCI" xlink_title="posterior eye row width">
<collectionCode id="F7F7836CD1F32928C4AA4E0CFC78E1E9">PERW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
1.67,
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E6PCI" xlink_title="eye field length">EFL</abbrev>
1.03. Legs: I 4.08 (1.25, 0.75, 1.00, 0.63, 0.45), II 3.72 (1.13, 0.70, 0.88, 0.58, 0.43), III 4.18 (1.40, 0.63, 0.90, 0.80, 0.45), IV 4.72 (1.45, 0.68, 1.08, 1.03, 0.48). Carapace orange-brown on cephalon and dark on thoracic part, with central yellow area bearing pale thin setae, covered with pale, dark brown and golden setae. Chelicerae red-brown, with two promarginal teeth and one retromarginal tooth. Legs pale, spiny. Dorsum of abdomen grey-brown, with longitudinal, sub-fusiform central stripe extended across whole surface; venter mainly pale brown, with central, longitudinal, non-consecutive, dark patches.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8423EDEC32BDDF3F4372FB3DACD4415D">
<emphasis id="06B0A21D4531067C9B491A665AFA76EB" bold="true" italics="true">Epigyne</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="16E640CE3466587D5B3FD95A62B3B685" captionStart="Figure 20" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figure 20. Pancorius medog sp. nov., holotype A epigyne, ventral B vulva, dorsal C habitus, dorsal D ditto, lateral E ditto, ventral F carapace, frontal G chelicera, posterior. Abbreviations: At atrium; CO copulatory opening; CD copulatory duct; FD fertilization duct; H epigynal hood; S spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, B, G); 0.5 mm (C F)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure20" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201126">20 A, B</figureCitation>
) longer than wide, with central, posteriorly opened hood (H) with inverted V-shaped margin; atrium (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EOQCI" xlink_title="atrium">At</abbrev>
) sub-square, located anteriorly; copulatory openings (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ESQCI" xlink_title="copulatory opening">CO</abbrev>
) slit-shaped; copulatory ducts (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EWQCI" xlink_title="copulatory duct">
<collectionCode id="85433EB9CE718122C5DEF2ABA159B706">CD</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
) short, curved into U-shape and then folded to connect to antero-inner portions of spermathecae; spermathecae (S) almost spherical, with anterior extended extensions.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0F368C1DE402B18668C900038D2CFF73">
<emphasis id="295852448F93175565210FE6BE40312D" bold="true">Male.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E5QCI" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="28E1F26AB894A08CE271B0F2AD113A58">
<heading id="756D5A140FC7C7E57660D0DCE9A1E367" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2B35E0FA09BAFABC8FFE1B6DBE2C6C88">
Known only from the
<typeStatus id="BB8CF3067834F0C23307DF4A210A4049">type</typeStatus>
locality in
<collectingRegion id="5540A57F107E96CAC441B554F0DA9E13" country="China" name="Xizang">Xizang</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="29336D6EBB904196820EDDECCE862B0D" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="EC1DAD90E51EEDEB4D9C5FFB2A4B61D4" captionStart="Figure 47" captionStartId="F47" captionText="Figure 47. Distributional records of Cheliceroides jinxini sp. nov., Dendroicius qiong sp. nov., Icius deergong sp. nov., I. yarlungzangbo sp. nov., Mintonia shiwandashan sp. nov., Okinawicius nepalicus (Andreeva, Hęciak &amp; Prószyński, 1984), Pancorius medog sp. nov., Piranthus maddisoni sp. nov., Stertinius lhoba sp. nov., Synagelides kongmingi sp. nov., S. yunchangi sp. nov., S. xuandei sp. nov., Yaginumaella daweishan sp. nov., Y. moinba sp. nov., and Y. pingbian sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640.figure47" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1201156">47</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
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<mods:title id="EFE50496D67716BD99B89D8746FD6CEB">Taxonomic notes of jumping spiders (Araneae, Salticidae) from Guangxi, Hainan, Sichuan, Xizang and Yunnan, China</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="E93314D4DE3142147289F4537DCA66A8">Wang, Cheng</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="1032496D26FD4665AC908F8192E7F9D8">Guizhou Provincial Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Conservation and Utilization in the Fanjing Mountain Region, Tongren University, Tongren, Guizhou 554300, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="641F8E75A6C493F614747AD110C5DB6F">Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China &amp; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="F03E10F3678F8DFD77AFB1404B076BC6">College of Life Science, Hunan Normal University, Changsha 410081, Hunan, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="252190A917DA858DEB154EE1F2DEA80F">2024</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="85E7B0E982DB062F82739E2B7AF155F9" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="0E76226C4201A8D53FD2E2316208B638">2024-12-17</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="D2FDDAC0D4705E1A82784112BDAE1316" type="volume">
<mods:number id="EEE4DBAF35652A2B32ED8B6CEAC9951F">1221</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="0C2CA62B255E857ADA9648034AB96E7E" unit="page">
<mods:start id="3F3841F890E3F55E814AF4DB5C7C8DD3">205</mods:start>
<mods:end id="02144A546051CEF55D1768B273805671">277</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="8EC76F2E2A8947F3D8DEF3072002E145">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="944D81B2FA6B1220B68FB410371CB6DF" type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.1221.135640</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="4635723A956EBFB01A18A9514AE7C84E" type="ZooBank">B61D8EFC-2753-4B88-8A36-DAB1F37D96BB</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="F126F149135650FFA0B8155CDF94897F" ID-arpha="F126F149-1356-50FF-A0B8-155CDF94897F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F126F149135650FFA0B8155CDF94897F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F126F149135650FFA0B8155CDF94897F">
<subSubSection id="A2B79C31A7C9A2AD0AB9C40C16122591" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B603CC0A452D5747CD6745E60DE341B">
<heading id="DC46560F76AA8B5A5E16ACA8DA550B6C" reason="label">Genus</heading>
<taxonomicName id="837587866B60E8B282B0D597850957C7" ID-CoL="5X9K" authority="Proszynski, 2016" authorityName="Proszynski" authorityYear="2016" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Nandicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="208AF17AE490411282463858817E6626" italics="true">Nandicius</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="62658DECBD1F970AE3F50F7239562885" DOI="10.37828/em.2016.7.1" author="Prószyński J" journalOrPublisher="Ecologica Montenegrina" pagination="4-32" refId="B28" refString="Proszynski J (2016) Delimitation and description of 19 new genera, a subgenus and a species of Salticidae (Araneae) of the world. Ecologica Montenegrina 7: 4 - 32. https: // doi. org / 10.37828 / em. 2016.7. 1" title="Delimitation and description of 19 new genera, a subgenus and a species of Salticidae (Araneae) of the world." volume="7" year="2016">Prószyński, 2016</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E6NAI" type="type species">
<paragraph id="BE6ADF38A3BCB5E8E6DE8320DD37BE03">
<heading id="E344035C11EF95717E9EE702CF7C20F3" reason="title">
<typeStatus id="927004CBCD2773AED5498C57A9D0DCD5">Type</typeStatus>
species.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8FAC18F5EB0DF8967C6B7C21F61AD6E7">
<taxonomicName id="CBA4B806A6F39CA59288CBD7CC178CFC" authority="Proszynski, 1992" authorityName="Proszynski" authorityYear="1992" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Phintella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mussooriensis">
<emphasis id="FDD392698C521AC775983EA4D2845972" italics="true">Phintella mussooriensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="898AADAF68B867EC93CD3E66FAC98490" author="Prószyński J" journalOrPublisher="Annales Zoologici, Warszawa" pagination="165-277" refId="B27" refString="Proszynski J (1992) Salticidae (Araneae) of India in the collection of the Hungarian National Natural History Museum in Budapest. Annales Zoologici, Warszawa 44: 165 - 277." title="Salticidae (Araneae) of India in the collection of the Hungarian National Natural History Museum in Budapest." volume="44" year="1992">Prószyński, 1992</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<typeStatus id="8E6BC0028FC803C35ABA648E85AB7F2A">type</typeStatus>
locality Mussoorie,
<collectingCountry id="6AF523ACE078FEC3C09D1407D2001C7B" name="India">India</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EQOAI" type="comments">
<paragraph id="014907FD343330C92373AAAF118F2BA4">
<heading id="4F97F103E6B3D37FBAE5E9E6BC3C4B76" reason="title">Comments.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3282B0048E2B99A0A06D9554FE4BE8F4">
This genus was recently considered to be a member of Chrysillini (
<bibRefCitation id="C9D0AFB45BDECC0D5E572DDC97EBD01A" DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5447.2.1" author="Yang ZY &amp; Zhang JX" issue="2" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pagination="151-187" refId="B38" refString="Yang ZY, Zhang JX (2024) On eight species of Chrysillini from Xizang, China (Araneae: Salticidae: Salticinae). Zootaxa 5447 (2): 151 - 187. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 5447.2. 1" title="On eight species of Chrysillini from Xizang, China (Araneae: Salticidae: Salticinae)." volume="5447" year="2024">Yang &amp; Zhang, 2024</bibRefCitation>
). To date, 13 species are known from
<collectingCountry id="2AA7BEE3579E0DB8A4BDB79E815D2918" name="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</collectingCountry>
to
<collectingCountry id="141E7260ECC8AF387390977E8FC911E4" name="Japan">Japan</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="C04BD63A3658CCCD461E0D734B0C6514" DOI="10.24436/2" refId="B35" refString="World Spider Catalog (2024) World Spider Catalog. Version 25.0. Natural History Museum Bern, http://wsc.nmbe.ch. [accessed on 3 Jul. 2024] https://doi.org/10.24436/2" url="http://wsc.nmbe.ch" year="2024">WSC 2024</bibRefCitation>
). Within the genus, many species (&gt; 46 %) are known only from a single sex (
<bibRefCitation id="6283C2F9CF2D9EC3B7FABD730ACBD480" DOI="10.24436/2" refId="B35" refString="World Spider Catalog (2024) World Spider Catalog. Version 25.0. Natural History Museum Bern, http://wsc.nmbe.ch. [accessed on 3 Jul. 2024] https://doi.org/10.24436/2" url="http://wsc.nmbe.ch" year="2024">WSC 2024</bibRefCitation>
), and several members most likely are misplaced and need to be further revised, such as
<taxonomicName id="48430500D2D1972AB01BFCA323BBBB00" authority="Wang &amp; Li, 2021" authorityName="Wang &amp; Li" authorityYear="2021" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Nandicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="proszynskii">
<emphasis id="36832CA5AF3A59867B11056A265C7A84" italics="true">N. proszynskii</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="6C469057C590BC09F01A81DEA6E986A0" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1062.72531" author="Wang C &amp; Li S" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="123-155" refId="B29" refString="Wang C, Li S (2021) On ten species of jumping spiders from Xishuangbanna, China (Araneae, Salticidae). ZooKeys 1062: 123 - 155. https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 1062.72531" title="On ten species of jumping spiders from Xishuangbanna, China (Araneae, Salticidae)." volume="1062" year="2021">Wang &amp; Li, 2021</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectingRegion id="7AF540BCDEB6BD99D6E8A8AFF7476C52" country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="D405BB5F747552FD962C8FE46AAD0FEB" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
),
<taxonomicName id="9829984F21B1320C0B9C0B2879AB070E" authority="Wang &amp; Li, 2023" authorityName="Wang &amp; Li" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Nandicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="shihaitaoi">
<emphasis id="F9D3C71E1E4EEAEFC79CE6EAC991A348" italics="true">N. shihaitaoi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="6617D31F731092D5E362B1C36F568469" DOI="10.5852/ejt.2023.902.2319" author="Wang C &amp; Mi XQ &amp; Wang WH &amp; Gan JH &amp; Irfan M &amp; Zhong Y &amp; Peng XJ" journalOrPublisher="European Journal of Taxonomy" pagination="1-91" refId="B31" refString="Wang C, Mi XQ, Wang WH, Gan JH, Irfan M, Zhong Y, Peng XJ (2023) Notes on twenty-nine species of jumping spiders from South China (Araneae: Salticidae). European Journal of Taxonomy 902: 1 - 91. https: // doi. org / 10.5852 / ejt. 2023.902. 2319" title="Notes on twenty-nine species of jumping spiders from South China (Araneae: Salticidae)." volume="902" year="2023">Wang &amp; Li, 2023</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectingRegion id="72F4AF4E4B259BA07F4BFE4B6E6A3714" country="China" name="Hainan">Hainan</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="289359A54F915C0EDCEA2436379F364B" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
), and
<taxonomicName id="53722C60D3F2EF752D5E29BE574389D4" authority="Kim &amp; Lee, 2016" authorityName="Kim &amp; Lee" authorityYear="2016" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Nandicius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="woongilensis">
<emphasis id="03A977152331D4423AC15E489AE854FB" italics="true">N. woongilensis</emphasis>
Kim &amp; Lee, 2016
</taxonomicName>
(
<collectingCountry id="3C7FCDA8F01A650A04D2081F9B2DACAC" name="South Korea">Korea</collectingCountry>
). The first two could be related to
<taxonomicName id="0FFA4C70CD79FF8A5BFF1D62DFEF5BD1" authority="(Simon, 1901)" baseAuthorityName="Simon" baseAuthorityYear="1901" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Icius" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indicus">
<emphasis id="8267BF9393319FDF0479FA9AB99F3B40" italics="true">Icius indicus</emphasis>
(Simon, 1901)
</taxonomicName>
, and the last one may belong to
<taxonomicName id="E2B043601DB2006B5F84EA02AE79CF2B" authority="Dahl, 1912" authorityName="Dahl" authorityYear="1912" class="Arachnida" family="Salticidae" genus="Pseudeuophrys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="9523FED51CD1AA967CDB30861BE1DC5C" italics="true">Pseudeuophrys</emphasis>
Dahl, 1912
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>