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data/DF/23/87/DF2387A4E40AC32FFED2FC3FFD90A0C6.xml create mode 100644 data/DF/23/87/DF2387A4E40AC32FFF0DFEF5FDEEA692.xml create mode 100644 data/DF/23/87/DF2387A4E40BC32EFED4FF07FE2DA344.xml diff --git a/data/03/8B/87/038B874AFFC1FFB7CC1AF9D4FABC81FA.xml b/data/03/8B/87/038B874AFFC1FFB7CC1AF9D4FABC81FA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ee31cfb764d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/8B/87/038B874AFFC1FFB7CC1AF9D4FABC81FA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,191 @@ + + + +Taxonomic review of the genus Cyclopes Gray, 1821 (Xenarthra: Pilosa), with the revalidation and description of new species + + + +Author + +Miranda, Flávia R. + + + +Author + +Casali, Daniel M. + + + +Author + +Perini, Fernando A. + + + +Author + +Machado, Fabio A. + + + +Author + +Santos, Fabrício R. + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +183 + + +687 +721 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +F1CF947-5ED9-46C7-BEC9-756ADDB2AB93 + + + + + + +CYCLOPES +THOMASI + + + +SP +. +NOV +. + + + + + + + +( + +FIG +. 20 + +) + + + + +Holotype +: + +Female, +MZUSP +(19944). Collected by Dr Paulo Emílio Vanzolini in 1985 ( +Figs 21 +, +26 +). + + + +Type locality: +Porto Walter, +Acre +, +Brazil +. + + +Referred specimens: + + +Holotype +: + +MZUSP +(19944) +Porto Walter +, +Acre +, +Brazil +; + +Brazil +: + +INPA +(2876), +Igarapé Porongaba +, +Acre +; +INPA +(2877), +Seringal Petropolis +, + + + +Acre; MVZ (190355), Rio Juruá, Amazonas; + +Peru +: + +USNM (364503), +Pasco +. + + +Etymology: +The specific name honours Michael Rogers Oldfield Thomas, in recognition of his extensive contribution to mammalogy, and specifically to the taxonomy of + +Cyclopes + +. + + + +Distribution: +Cyclopes thomasi + +occurs in western Amazon, from the north limit on the Juruá River to the southwest, in the +Ucayali River region +, in the provinces of +Pasco +and +Ucayali +( +Peru +). The western limits are unknown, but may not extend beyond the Madera River ( +Fig. 27 +). + + +Diagnosis: +Body colour strikingly orange to reddish-brown, legs and tail grey. Dorsal stripe absent. Ventral stripe little developed and faint. Fronto-nasal region of the skull not depressed, with a straight profile. External aperture of the ear directed anteriorly. Naso-maxillary sutures divergent proximally, with a very short fronto-maxillary suture. Fronto-parietal suture with triangular shape, pterygoid bone does not overlap tympanic bulla. + + +Comparisons: +The only other species of + +Cyclopes + +with a ventral stripe and no dorsal stripe is + +C. catellus + +, which, however, has a very marked and distinct ventral stripe and no greyish tone on the limbs and tail. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/8B/87/038B874AFFC1FFB8CEBCF930FEDC8664.xml b/data/03/8B/87/038B874AFFC1FFB8CEBCF930FEDC8664.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..203bae26558 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/8B/87/038B874AFFC1FFB8CEBCF930FEDC8664.xml @@ -0,0 +1,234 @@ + + + +Taxonomic review of the genus Cyclopes Gray, 1821 (Xenarthra: Pilosa), with the revalidation and description of new species + + + +Author + +Miranda, Flávia R. + + + +Author + +Casali, Daniel M. + + + +Author + +Perini, Fernando A. + + + +Author + +Machado, Fabio A. + + + +Author + +Santos, Fabrício R. + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +183 + + +687 +721 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +F1CF947-5ED9-46C7-BEC9-756ADDB2AB93 + + + + + + +CYCLOPES +RUFUS + + + +SP +. +NOV +. + + + + + + + +( + +FIG +. 22 + +) + + + + +Holotype +: + +Female, +UFMG +(6015). Collected by Eduardo Sábato ( +Figs 23 +, +26 +). + + + + +Figure 20. +Illustration of + + +Cyclopes thomasi + +sp. nov. + +, pelage and skull. + + + + +Figure 21. +Holotype of + +Cyclopes thomasi + +– female, MZUSP (19944). Ventral view (above) and dorsal view (below). Photograph: Fabio Nascimento. Scale bar = 5 cm. + + + +Type locality: + +PortoVelho +, +Rondônia +, +Brazil +( +08°51′16″S +; +064°00′53″W +) + +. + + +Referred specimens: + + +Holotype +: + +UFMG +(6015), +Porto Velho +, +Rondônia +, +Brazil +; + +Brazil +: + +UFRO +(518), +Espigão do Oeste +, +Rondônia +; +UFRO +(17, 184, 326), +Porto Velho +, +Rondônia +. + + + +Etymology: +The specific name + +rufus + +(meaning ‘red’ in Latin) refers to the reddish tone of the dorsal coloration of this species. + + +Distribution: +Occurs in the interfluve between the Madeira and Aripuanã Rivers. The northern limit is possibly the Amazon River, and the southern limit is the Guaporé River ( +Fig. 27 +). + + + +Figure 22. +Illustration of + + +Cyclopes rufus + +sp. nov. + +, pelage and skull. + + + + +Figure 23. +Holotype of + +Cyclopes rufus + +– female, UFMG (6015). Ventral view (above) and dorsal view (below). Photograph: Daniel Casali. Scale bar = 5 cm. + + + +Diagnosis: +Dorsal colour of a distinct reddish tone, tail and limbs more yellowish red. Ventral and dorsal stripes absent. Fronto-nasal region of the skull not depressed, with a straight profile. External aperture of the ear directed laterally. Naso-maxillary sutures approximately parallel, with a wide fronto-maxillary suture. Fronto-parietal suture with trapezoidal shape, pterygoid bone does not overlap tympanic bulla. + + +Comparisons: +The absence of dorsal and ventral stripes and the striking reddish coloration of + +Cyclopes rufus + +allow easy differentiation from other species of + +Cyclopes + +. + +Cyclopes ida + +also does not usually have dorsal and ventral stripes, but it has a more subdued coloration, being mainly grey with yellowish underparts. The body of + +C. thomasi + +also has a reddish-brown tone, but the limbs and tail are grey and a faint ventral stripe is present. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/8B/87/038B874AFFC2FFB4CC0AFC2CFDB78372.xml b/data/03/8B/87/038B874AFFC2FFB4CC0AFC2CFDB78372.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..75590525812 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/8B/87/038B874AFFC2FFB4CC0AFC2CFDB78372.xml @@ -0,0 +1,84 @@ + + + +Taxonomic review of the genus Cyclopes Gray, 1821 (Xenarthra: Pilosa), with the revalidation and description of new species + + + +Author + +Miranda, Flávia R. + + + +Author + +Casali, Daniel M. + + + +Author + +Perini, Fernando A. + + + +Author + +Machado, Fabio A. + + + +Author + +Santos, Fabrício R. + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +183 + + +687 +721 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +F1CF947-5ED9-46C7-BEC9-756ADDB2AB93 + + + + + + + +CYCLOPES +CATELLUS + + +THOMAS +, 1928 + + + + + + + +( + +FIG +. 18 + +) + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/8B/87/038B874AFFC2FFB4CDA0FBFFFA1D83FA.xml b/data/03/8B/87/038B874AFFC2FFB4CDA0FBFFFA1D83FA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b89010a3dac --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/8B/87/038B874AFFC2FFB4CDA0FBFFFA1D83FA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,168 @@ + + + +Taxonomic review of the genus Cyclopes Gray, 1821 (Xenarthra: Pilosa), with the revalidation and description of new species + + + +Author + +Miranda, Flávia R. + + + +Author + +Casali, Daniel M. + + + +Author + +Perini, Fernando A. + + + +Author + +Machado, Fabio A. + + + +Author + +Santos, Fabrício R. + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +183 + + +687 +721 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +F1CF947-5ED9-46C7-BEC9-756ADDB2AB93 + + + + + + +Cyclopes didactylus catellus +Thomas, 1928 +a: 293 + +. + + + + + + + +Holotype +: + +Female, +BMNH +(26.1.12.17), collected by +J. Steimback +( +Fig. 19 +). + + + +Type locality: +‘Buenavista, +Santa Cruz +, Bolivia’. + + +Referred specimens: + + +Holotype +: + +BMNH +(26.12.17), +Santa Cruz +, +Bolivia +; + +Bolivia +: + +AMHN +(262656), +Beni +; +FMNH +(51889, 51890), +Santa Cruz +; +MNK +(637, 4075), +Santa Cruz +; +USNM +(262493), +Santa Cruz +. + + + +Distribution: +This species occurs in central +Bolivia +, probably inhabiting Andean slopes forests ( +Fig. 27 +). + + +Diagnosis: +General colour brown-yellowish, tail and limbs more yellowish. Dorsal dark stripe absent, strongly developed and extensive sternal stripe present. Fronto-nasal region of the skull not depressed, with a straight profile. External aperture of the ear directed anteriorly. Naso-maxillary sutures divergent proximally, with a very short fronto-maxillary suture. Fronto-parietal suture with horseshoe shape, pterygoid bone overlaps tympanic bulla. + + +Comparisons: +The absence of a dorsal stripe and the presence of a well-developed ventral stripe, as well the brownish tone, make this species readily recognizable. The only other species of + +Cyclopes + +with a ventral stripe and no dorsal stripe is + +Cyclopes thomasi + +sp. nov. +, but in the latter, the ventral stripe is faint and poorly developed, and the legs and tail are grey. + + + +Remarks: +Cyclopes didactylus catellus + +was described from the +Santa Cruz region +of +Bolivia +by Oldfield +Thomas (1928) +, based on differences in pelage, shorter tail and absence of dorsal stripe, but with a clearly visible ventral (sternal) stripe, considered broader than in other taxa. Oldfield +Thomas (1928) +states that the + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/8B/87/038B874AFFCEFFB8CC1BFEB7FC0585E4.xml b/data/03/8B/87/038B874AFFCEFFB8CC1BFEB7FC0585E4.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..c911f2099f9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/8B/87/038B874AFFCEFFB8CC1BFEB7FC0585E4.xml @@ -0,0 +1,239 @@ + + + +Taxonomic review of the genus Cyclopes Gray, 1821 (Xenarthra: Pilosa), with the revalidation and description of new species + + + +Author + +Miranda, Flávia R. + + + +Author + +Casali, Daniel M. + + + +Author + +Perini, Fernando A. + + + +Author + +Machado, Fabio A. + + + +Author + +Santos, Fabrício R. + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +183 + + +687 +721 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +F1CF947-5ED9-46C7-BEC9-756ADDB2AB93 + + + + + + +CYCLOPES +XINGUENSIS + + + +SP +. +NOV +. + + + + + + + +( + +FIG +. 24 + +) + + + + +Holotype +: + +Female, +UFMG +(4163). Collected by Dr Victor Yunes ( +Figs 25 +, +26 +). + + + +Type locality: + +Vitória do Xingu +, +Pará +, +Brazil +(Usina Belo Monte) ( +03°17′12″S +; +051°53′48″W +) + +. + + +Referred specimens: + + +Holotype +: + +UFMG +(4163), +Vitória do Xingu +, +Pará +, +Brazil +; + +Brazil +: + +AMNH +(92885), +Parintins +, +Amazonas +; +MZUSP +(4700), +Caxiricatuba +, +Pará +; +MZUSP +(19934, 19935, 19936, 19937, 19938, 19939), +Fordlândia +, +Pará +; +MPEG +(38512), +Juriti +, +Pará +; +UFMG +(4164), +Porto de Moz +, +Pará +; +MNJR +(11587), +Santarém +, +Pará +; +MUZSP +(3691), +Santarém +, +Pará +; +MPEG +(42641), +Vitória do Xingu +, Pará. + + + +Etymology: +The specific epithet + +xinguensis + +refers to the +type +locality of this species in Vitória do Xingu, Pará, +Brazil +. Xingu is an indigenous word meaning good and clean water. + + +Distribution: +This species is limited in the north by the +Amazonas +River, in the east by the Xingu River and in the west by the Madeira River. The southern limit is unknown ( +Fig. 27 +). + + +Diagnosis: +Dorsal coloration grey, yellow on the rump and venter pale yellowish. Legs and tail are grey. Dorsal stripe clearly marked and evident, ventral stripe indistinct and irregular. Fronto-nasal region of the skull not depressed, with a straight profile. External aperture of the ear directed laterally. Naso-maxillary sutures approximately parallel, with a wide fronto-maxillary suture. Fronto-parietal with a triangular shape, pterygoid bone overlaps tympanic bulla. + + + +Comparisons: +Cyclopes xinguensis + +is mostly grey, unlike most of the other species of + +Cyclopes + +. Its colour is somewhat similar to + +C. ida + +, but the rump is yellowish in + +C. xinguensis + +and completely grey in + +C. ida + +. Also, + +C. ida + +lacks a dorsal stripe, which is very evident in + +C. xinguensis + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/90/0B/03900B625F300250FCDEFF16537D7582.xml b/data/03/90/0B/03900B625F300250FCDEFF16537D7582.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9201410ae9a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/90/0B/03900B625F300250FCDEFF16537D7582.xml @@ -0,0 +1,84 @@ + + + +Comparative morphology, phylogeny and classification of African seasonal killifishes of the tribe Nothobranchiini (Cyprinodontiformes: Aplocheilidae) + + + +Author + +Costa, Wilson J. E. M. + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +184 + + +115 +135 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +9D2B587-C651-489A-85FA-48383E15109C + + + + + +SUBGENUS + + +PARANOTHOBRANCHIUS + + +SEEGERS +, 1985 + + + + + +Synonyms: +None. + + + + + +Type +species: + + +Paranothobranchius ocellatus +Seegers, 1985 + +. By original designation. + + +Diagnosis: +Deep concavity on medial portion of premaxilla, close to symphysis [1.1] (vs. concavity absent); anterior process of premaxillary alveolar arm rudimentary [7.1] (vs. well developed); teeth of inner row of premaxilla about four times greater than teeth of outer row [10.2] (vs. smaller or slightly greater); jaws long, lower jaw about 1.5 times longer than distance between anterior tip of quadrate and posterior margin of preopercle [19.1] (vs. shorter to slightly longer); apical region of autopalatine thick, dorso-ventrally flattened [23.1] (vs. thin, laterally flattened); antero-dorsal condyle of hyomandibula distinctively longer than posterodorsal condyle [32.1] (vs. about equal); presence of small denticles on gill-rakers of first ceratobranchial [66.1] (vs. absence); posterior process of parasphenoid robust and long, reaching posterior portion of basioccipital [74.1] (vs. thin, reaching middle portion of basioccipital); presence of pointed anterior expansion on lateral process of sphenotic [75.1] (vs. absence); 36–38 vertebrae [77.1] (vs. 26–32); ventral extremity of cleithrum projecting ventrally beyond scapula [89.0] (vs. both extremities in close proximity); six or seven neuromasts in posterior section of supraorbital neuromast series [108.2] (vs. three or four); scales irregularly arranged on flank [113.1] (vs. regularly); scales extending on ~70% of caudal-fin base in males [114.1] (vs. ~25–30%); orbital membrane free except on its dorsal region [117.1] (vs. completely attached); pelvic-fin bases separated by interspace [127.0] (vs. in contact or united); presence of ocellate spot on middle part of basal portion of caudal fin in females [137.1] (vs. absence). + + +Included species and distribution: +A single species, + +N. ocellatus +( +Seegers, 1985 +) + +, occurring in the coastal river basins of eastern +Tanzania +, between Ruvu and Matandu river basins. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/90/0B/03900B625F300250FF4AFDAB56D87738.xml b/data/03/90/0B/03900B625F300250FF4AFDAB56D87738.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..99b7e8366d7 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/90/0B/03900B625F300250FF4AFDAB56D87738.xml @@ -0,0 +1,189 @@ + + + +Comparative morphology, phylogeny and classification of African seasonal killifishes of the tribe Nothobranchiini (Cyprinodontiformes: Aplocheilidae) + + + +Author + +Costa, Wilson J. E. M. + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +184 + + +115 +135 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +9D2B587-C651-489A-85FA-48383E15109C + + + + + +SUBGENUS + + +NOTHOBRANCHIUS + + +PETERS +, 1868 + + + + + +Synonyms: +None. + + + + + +Type +species: + + +Cyprinodon orthonotus +Peters, 1844 + +. By original designation. + + +Diagnosis: +Well-developed lateral flap on proximal region of fourth ceratobranchial [68.0] (vs. flap rudimentary or absent). + + +Included taxa: +The subgenus + +Nothobranchius + +includes the following species: + +N. furzeri +Jubb, 1971 + +, + +N. kadleci +Reichard, 2010 + +, + +Nothobranchius krysanovi +Shidlovskiy, Watters & Wildekamp, 2010 + +, + +Nothobranchius kuhntae +Ahl, 1926 + +, + +Nothobranchius mayeri +Ahl, 1935 + +, + +Nothobranchius mkuziensis +(Fowler, 1934) + +, + +Nothobranchius orthonotus +(Peters, 1844) + +, + +Nothobranchius pienaari +Shidlovskiy, Watters & Wildekamp, 2010 + +and + +Nothobranchius rachovii +Ahl, 1926 + +. The poorly known + +N. mkuziensis + +is probably a valid species closely related to + +N. rachovii + +. + +Nothobranchius kuhntae + +has been considered a synonym of + +N. orthonotus + +(e.g. +Wildekamp, 2004 +; +Vrtilek & Reichard, 2016 +). The exact +type +locality of + +N. kuhntae + +is unknown, and the present examination of +type +material of + +N. orthonotus + +and + +N. kuhntae + +did not provide any morphological evidence that they are different species. However, further investigation involving a detailed morphological analysis is necessary to confirm this synonymy. On the other hand, + +N. mayeri +Ahl, 1935 + +also considered as a synonym of + +N. orthonotus + +(e.g. + +Wildekamp +et al. +, 1986 + +), probably is a valid species, differing from the latter species by a different dentition, as revealed through examination of +type +specimens. + + +Distribution: +River basins of central and southern +Mozambique +, and adjacent areas in +Malawi +, +South Africa +and +Zimbabwe +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/90/0B/03900B625F30025FFCC4F9E056C47631.xml b/data/03/90/0B/03900B625F30025FFCC4F9E056C47631.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1a2203a74d8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/90/0B/03900B625F30025FFCC4F9E056C47631.xml @@ -0,0 +1,234 @@ + + + +Comparative morphology, phylogeny and classification of African seasonal killifishes of the tribe Nothobranchiini (Cyprinodontiformes: Aplocheilidae) + + + +Author + +Costa, Wilson J. E. M. + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +184 + + +115 +135 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +9D2B587-C651-489A-85FA-48383E15109C + + + + + +SUBGENUS + + +ZONONOTHOBRANCHIUS + + +RADDA +, 1969 + + + + + +Synonyms: +None. + + + + + +Type +species: + + +Nothobranchius rubroreticulatus +Blache & Milton, 1960 + +. By original designation. + + +Diagnosis: +Anterior process of alveolar arm of premaxilla triangular [8.1] (vs. trapezoidal or sub-rectangular); presence of pointed expansions on anterior margin of hyomandibula [33.1] (vs. pointed expansions absent); and basihyal pentagonal in dorsal view [38.2] (vs. subtriangular, triangular or rectangular). + +Zononothobranchius + +shares two unique morphological synapomorphies with + +Paranothobranchius + +: teeth broadly distributed on middle portion of vomer [73.1] (vs. restricted to its antero-middle portion); and osseous membrane of pelvic bone poorly developed [96.1] (vs. well developed). + + +Included species: + +N. boklundi +Valdesalici, 2010 + +, + +Nothobranchius brieni +Poll, 1938 + +, + +Nothobranchius capriviensis +Watters, Wildekamp & Shidlovskiy, 2015 + +, + +Nothobranchius chochamandai +Nagy, 2014 + +, + +Nothobranchius flagrans +Nagy, 2014 + +, + +Nothobranchius hassoni +Valdesalici & +Wildekamp, 2004 + +, + +Nothobranchius ivanovae +Valdesalaci, 2012 + +, + +Nothobranchius kafuensis +Wildekamp & Rosenstock, 1989 + +, + +Nothobranchius kardashevi +Valdesalaci, 2012 + +, + +Nothobranchius malaissei +Wildekamp, 1978 + +, + +Nothobranchius milvertzi +Nagy, 2014 + +, + +Nothobranchius neumanni +(Hilgendorf, 1905) + +, + +Nothobranchius nubaensis +Valdesalici, Bellemans, Kardashev & Golubtsov, 2009 + +, + +Nothobranchius oestergaardi +Valdesalici & Amato, 2011 + +, + +Nothobranchius polli +Wildekamp, 1978 + +, + +Nothobranchius robustus +Ahl, 1935 + +, + +Nothobranchius rosenstocki +Valdesalici & Wildekamp, 2005 + +, + +N. rubroreticulatus +Blache & Miton, 1960 + +, + +Nothobranchius sainthouse +Nagy, Cotterill & Bellstedt, 2016 + +, + +Nothobranchius seegersi +Valdesalici & Kardashev, 2011 + +, + +Nothobranchius steinforti +Wildekamp, 1977 + +, + +Nothobranchius streltsovi +Valdesalici, 2016 + +, + +Nothobranchius symoensi +Wildekamp, 1978 + +, + +Nothobranchius taeniopygus +Hilgendorf, 1891 + +, + +Nothobranchius ugandensis +Wildekamp, 1994 + +. + + +Distribution: +Central African highlands, including the White Nile, upper +Congo +, upper Zambesi, upper Great Ruaha, upper Wami and Malagarasi river basins and the +Tchad +, Victoria, Albert, Eyasi and Tanganyika lake drainages, in +Chad +, +Cameroon +, +Democratic Republic of Congo +, +Ethiopia +, +Kenya +, +South Sudan +, +Tanzania +, +Uganda +and +Zambia +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/90/0B/03900B625F320252FE85FF1655E4754B.xml b/data/03/90/0B/03900B625F320252FE85FF1655E4754B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3e66d773813 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/90/0B/03900B625F320252FE85FF1655E4754B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,108 @@ + + + +Comparative morphology, phylogeny and classification of African seasonal killifishes of the tribe Nothobranchiini (Cyprinodontiformes: Aplocheilidae) + + + +Author + +Costa, Wilson J. E. M. + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +184 + + +115 +135 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +9D2B587-C651-489A-85FA-48383E15109C + + + + + +GENUS + + +FUNDULOSOMA + +AHL +, 1924 + + + + +Synonyms: +None. + + + + + +Type +species: + + +Fundulosoma thierryi +Ahl, 1924 + +. By monotypy. + + +Diagnosis: +Prominent anterior triangular flap on sub-proximal region of maxilla [13.1] (vs. absence). Also differs from other +Nothobranchiini +genera by seven plesiomorphic morphological conditions: posterior projection of premaxillary alveolar arm well developed [9.0] (vs. rudimentary); absence of lateral groove on distal region of maxilla [14.0] (vs. deep groove present); anterior margin of autopalatine slightly convex in lateral view [20.0] (vs. approximately straight); absence of spine-like contact organs on dorsal and anal fins of males [103.0] (vs. present at least on distal portion of those fin-rays); branchiostegal membrane of males short, not visible externally [118.0] (vs. long, visible externally); absence of filaments on distal margin of dorsal and anal fins of males [119.0] (vs. presence); and anal fin of males nearly rectangular [120.0] (vs. primarily fan shaped). + +Fundulosoma + +also differs from all other +Nothobranchiini +, except + +N. ocellatus + +, by: ventral extremity of cleithrum projecting forwards much beyond ventral extremity of scapula [89.0] (vs. both extremities in close proximity). + + +Included species and distribution: +A single species, + +Fundulosoma thierryi +Ahl, 1924 + +, has been recorded from a wide geographical area in West Africa, including main river basins of +Niger +, +Benin +, +Burkina Faso +, +Togo +, +Ghana +, Mali, +Senegal +and +Gambia +. The colour pattern variability recorded for different populations within this broad geographical range suggests that different species may have been referred to + +F. thierryi + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/90/0B/03900B625F320252FF4EFA52536874A3.xml b/data/03/90/0B/03900B625F320252FF4EFA52536874A3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..55979178128 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/90/0B/03900B625F320252FF4EFA52536874A3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,135 @@ + + + +Comparative morphology, phylogeny and classification of African seasonal killifishes of the tribe Nothobranchiini (Cyprinodontiformes: Aplocheilidae) + + + +Author + +Costa, Wilson J. E. M. + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +184 + + +115 +135 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +9D2B587-C651-489A-85FA-48383E15109C + + + + + +GENUS + + +PRONOTHOBRANCHIUS + + +RADDA +, 1969 + + + + + +Synonyms: +None. + + + + + +Type +species: + + +Nothobranchius kiyawensis +Ahl, 1928 + +. By original designation. + + +Diagnosis: +Posterior margin of premaxillary ascending process perpendicular to its main axis, resulting in sub-rectangular process [5.1] (vs. oblique, forming subtrapezoidal process); anterior and posterior ceratohyals separated by broad cartilaginous interspace [47.1] (vs. narrow interspace); proximal extremity of first epibranchial wide, about seven times distal extremity [49.1] (vs. narrow, about four times or less); interarcual cartilage long, longer than first epibranchial [50.2] (vs. shorter); articulatory cartilaginous head of proximal process of third epibranchial broad, about twice as broad as other third epibranchial cartilaginous heads [53.1] (vs. nearly equal or slightly broader); anterior condyle of second pharyngobranchial forming angle>90° [57.2] (vs. <or ~90°); neural spine of second vertebra broad, about four times wider than neural spine of third vertebra [79.1] (vs. about twice wider); dorsal and ventral margins of hypural plate forming angle>90° [82.1] (vs. <90°); and presence of pointed expanded flap on anterior portion of cleithrum [92.1] (vs. flap absent). + + +Included species and distribution: + +Pronothobranchius kiyawensis +( +Ahl, 1928 +) + +, first described from northern +Nigeria +, has been considered as the single valid species (e.g. + +Wildekamp +et al. +, 1986 + +), including in its synonymy two nominal species, + +Pronothobranchius gambiensis +(Svensson, 1933) + +from +the Gambia +river basin, and + +Pronothobranchius seymouri +(Loiselle & Blair, 1971) + +from the Accra plains in +Ghana +. In a recent aquarium journal publication ( +Valdesalici, 2013 +), the three nominal species appear as valid, and a fourth species, + +Pronothobranchius chirioi +Valdesalici, 2013 + +from the +Niger +river basin, is described. As those nominal species cannot be distinguished on the basis of available data, only + +P. kiyawensis +( +Ahl, 1928 +) + +is considered here as valid, although it probably constitutes a species complex in need of a taxonomic revision. + +Pronothobranchius + +occurs in a vast area of West Africa, including the main rivers basins of +Niger +, +Nigeria +, +Burkina Faso +, +Ghana +, +Senegal +and +Gambia +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/96/87/03968781AD26FFED37FFFA38FDCF9BDD.xml b/data/03/96/87/03968781AD26FFED37FFFA38FDCF9BDD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..49c30f51ddc --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/96/87/03968781AD26FFED37FFFA38FDCF9BDD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,331 @@ + + + +Molecular and morphological systematics of Dolabrifera Gray, 1847 (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Heterobranchia: Aplysiomorpha) + + + +Author + +Valdés, Ángel + + + +Author + +Breslau, Eric + + + +Author + +Padula, Vinicius + + + +Author + +Schrödl, Michael + + + +Author + +Camacho, Yolanda + + + +Author + +Malaquias, Manuel António E. + + + +Author + +Alexander, Jennifer + + + +Author + +Bottomley, Morgan + + + +Author + +Vital, Xochitl G. + + + +Author + +Hooker, Yuri + + + +Author + +Gosliner, Terrence M. + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +184 + + +31 +65 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +BDCBB96-B722-4095-9D6C-1E418A2D961E + + + + + + + +DOLABRIFERA +BRAZIERI + +G. B. +SOWERBY +II, 1870 + + + + + + +( + +FIGS +3H + +, +7–9 +) + + + + + + + +Dolabrifera brazieri + +G. B. Sowerby +II, 1870: 250 + + + +. +Type +locality: +Northhead +, +Botany Bay +, +Australia +. + + + + +? + + +Dolabrifera jacksoniensis + +Pilsbry, 1896: 120–121 + + + +, pl. 44, figs 38–41. +Type +locality: +Port Jackson +, +Australia +. + + + + + + +Type +material + + + + + + +Dolabrifera brazieri +G. B. Sowerby +II, 1870 + +, possibly +syntype +at NHMUK 1877.5.12.91. + + + +Dolabrifera jacksoniensis +Pilsbry, 1896 + +, +syntypes +at ANSP 64931 (dry) and A7040 (wet). + + + + +Material examined + + + +Lord Howe Island +, +New South Wales +, +Australia +( +31°32.94′S +159°03.72′E +), 1887, +six specimens +, +32–45 mm +preserved length ( +AM +C.54298). +Boat Cove +, +Raoul Island +, +Kermadec Islands +, +New Zealand +( +29°16.79898′S +, +177°53.66268′W +), + +14 May 2011 + +, + +0.25 m +depth + +, +one specimen +, +39 mm +preserved length ( +AM +C.475882). NW corner of +North Meyer Island +, +Kermadec Islands +, +New Zealand +( +29°14.4984′ S +, +177°52.6734′W +), + +5–15 m +depth + +, + +13 May 2011 + +, +one specimen +45 mm +preserved length ( +AM +C.475783) + +. + + +Description + + +External morphology: +Body up to +150 mm +long, oval to elongate, flattened. Dorsum covered with large, blunt, rounded to semi-conical tubercles, each with retractile, ramified, papilla on apex; large tubercles typically surrounded by smaller rounded tubercles ( +Fig. 3H +). Rhinophores enrolled, elongated. Oral tentacles wide, flattened, enrolled, with narrower bases. Parapodia fused together except for short region in posterior midline, forming two small flaps. Flaps partially overlapping in middle (right parapodium partially covers left one), allowing enough space anteriorly for inhalant opening and posteriorly for exhalant siphon to protrude. External sperm groove clearly visible on right side of animal, between mantle cavity and base of right oral tentacle. + + +External coloration: +Background colour variable, typically brown or greenish-brown, sometimes pale grey or nearly black, with irregular darker, lighter areas. Dorsum often covered with dark brown network of anastomosing lines surrounding tubercles, which do not penetrate mantle margin, rhinophores. Mantle margin typically green, with whitish spots. + + +Digestive system: +Radular formulae: 33 × 92.1.80 ( +AM +C.54298); radulae asymmetrical, with more teeth in one half-row. Rachidian teeth with robust central cusp, two large denticles on each side ( +Fig. 7A +); teeth wider at base, both upper and lower ends of teeth convex. Lateral teeth elongate ( +Fig. 7B +), with long bases; each cusp with proximal and distal elongate denticle on inner side, apex blunt, simple. Outer teeth very elongate ( +Fig. 7C +), with bifurcate apices. Jaws with simple, irregular denticles ( +Fig. 7F +). Post-radular armature with numerous spines with elongate bases, triangular cusps ( +Fig. 7G +). Gizzard plates variable in shape, typically irregular, with some striations more visible near the centre ( +Fig. 7D +). + + +Shell: +Shell flat, well calcified, oval ( +Fig. 8 +); nucleus conspicuous, formed by single lobe connected to rest of shell by narrow area ( +Fig. 7H, I +). On apertural view with nucleus on upper end, left side of shell straight, sometimes slightly concave or convex. Right side of shell convex, narrower near nucleus, widening gradually near mid-length. Widest portion of shell mid-length or slightly forward. Sculpture of conspicuous growth lines. + + + +Figure 7. +SEM micrographs of the internal anatomy of + +Dolabrifera brazieri +G. B. Sowerby +II, 1870 + +, specimens from Lord Howe Island, Australia (AM C.54298). A–C, radular teeth. A, rachidian and innermost lateral teeth; B, mid-lateral teeth; C, outer lateral teeth. D, E, gizzard plates. F, jaw elements. G, post-radular armature. H, I, dorsal and ventral views of the shell apex. + + + +Male reproductive system: +Penial canal large, muscular, lacking tubercles, with two proximal retractor muscles, one on each side of opening into body wall ( +Fig. 9B, C +). Penial canal narrows and expands abruptly into elongate penial sheath section containing penial papilla. This section ends in large, strong retractor muscle connecting to ventral side of body wall internally. Penial papilla elongate, with curved cusp and longitudinal groove ( +Fig. 9A +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/96/87/03968781AD30FFFF3632FB14FAF89A4A.xml b/data/03/96/87/03968781AD30FFFF3632FB14FAF89A4A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f04e9b892b2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/96/87/03968781AD30FFFF3632FB14FAF89A4A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,312 @@ + + + +Molecular and morphological systematics of Dolabrifera Gray, 1847 (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Heterobranchia: Aplysiomorpha) + + + +Author + +Valdés, Ángel + + + +Author + +Breslau, Eric + + + +Author + +Padula, Vinicius + + + +Author + +Schrödl, Michael + + + +Author + +Camacho, Yolanda + + + +Author + +Malaquias, Manuel António E. + + + +Author + +Alexander, Jennifer + + + +Author + +Bottomley, Morgan + + + +Author + +Vital, Xochitl G. + + + +Author + +Hooker, Yuri + + + +Author + +Gosliner, Terrence M. + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +184 + + +31 +65 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +BDCBB96-B722-4095-9D6C-1E418A2D961E + + + + + + +DOLABRIFERA +EDMUNDSI + + + +SP +. +NOV +. + + + + + + + +( + +FIGS +10E–F + +, +20–22 +) + + +Type material + + +Holotype +at ZSM Mol 20160193, Porto Moniz, Madeira, +September 2014 +, +18 mm +preserved length. + + +Material examined + + + +Porto Moniz +, +Madeira +, + +September 2014 + +, +one specimen +17 mm +preserved length, leg. +P. Wirtz +( +ZSM +Mol 20160194), +one specimen +19 mm +preserved length, leg. +P. Wirtz +( +ZSM +Mol 20160195), +one specimen +20 mm +preserved length, leg. +P. Wirtz +( +ZSM +Mol 20160196), +one specimen +20 mm +preserved length, leg. +P. Wirtz +( +ZSM +Mol 20160197). +Ilhéu Bombom +, +Ilha do Príncipe +, +São Tomé and Príncipe +, + +20 January 2009 + +, +one specimen +11 mm +preserved length ( +CASIZ 179395 +) + +. + + +South of +Terrebonne Bay + +, LA, +USA +( +28°5.57′N +, +91°1.34′W +), + +56–58 m +depth + +, + +4 June 2005 + +, +four specimens +12–14 mm +preserved length, leg. +E. Garcia +( +LACM 179615 +) + +. + + +Marsh Island +, LA + +, +USA +(27°98.34′N, +92°22.42′W +), + +68–86 m +depth + +, + +22 June 2005 + +, +two specimens +11–16 mm +preserved length, leg. +E. Garcia +( +LACM 179619 +) + +. + + +Description + + +External morphology: +Body up to +80 mm +long, oval to elongate, flattened, broader posteriorly, narrowing gradually towards head. Dorsum covered with small, rounded, scattered tubercles, each with retractile, highly ramified, papilla on apex ( +Fig. 10E, F +); tubercles typically surrounded by large areas of smooth tissue. Rhinophores enrolled, elongated. Oral tentacles wide, short, enrolled, with narrower bases. Parapodia fused together except for short region in posterior midline, forming two small flaps. Flaps partially overlapping in middle (right parapodium partially covers left one), allowing enough space anteriorly for inhalant opening and posteriorly for exhalant siphon to protrude. External sperm groove clearly visible on right side of animal, between mantle cavity and base of right oral tentacle. + + +External coloration: +Background colour variable, typically greenish-grey or brown, sometimes red, with spots and/or irregular patches of different colours. Mantle margin with same general colour as rest of body. + + +Digestive system: +Radular formula: 40 × 70.1.71 (ZSM Mol 20160195); 38 × 71.1.72 (ZSM Mol 20160196); radulae symmetrical, with just about same number teeth in both half-rows. Rachidian teeth with robust central cusp, two large denticles on each side ( +Fig. 20A, D +), all similar in size; cusp with or without denticles on both sides; rachidian teeth wider at base, both upper and lower ends of teeth convex. Some rachidian teeth with small extensions on apical ends. Lateral teeth elongate, with long bases ( +Fig. 20B, E +); each cusp with basal, narrow, inner denticle, apex bifurcated into two blunt denticles equal in length. Outer teeth very elongate, with or without secondary denticle, apex bifurcated ( +Fig. 20C, F +). Jaws with simple denticles ( +Fig. 20J +). Post-radular armature with numerous spines with elongate bases and triangular cusps ( +Fig. 20K +). Gizzard plates variable in shape, typically irregular, with numerous striations ( +Fig. 20G–I +). + + +Shell: +Shell flat, well calcified, oval to elongate ( +Fig. 21 +); nucleus conspicuous, formed by single lobe ( +Fig. 20L–O +). On apertural view with nucleus on upper end, left side of shell either concave or straight. Right side of shell convex, narrower near nucleus, widening slightly towards mid-length. Widest portion of shell mid-length. Sculpture of conspicuous growth lines. + + + +Figure 20. +SEM micrographs of the internal anatomy of + + +Dolabrifera edmundsi + +sp. nov. + +A–C, radular teeth of a specimen from Madeira (ZSM Mol 20160195). A, rachidian and innermost lateral teeth; B, mid-lateral teeth; C, outer lateral teeth. D–F, radular teeth of a specimen from Maderia (ZSM Mol 20160196). D, rachidian and innermost lateral teeth; E, mid-lateral teeth; F, outer lateral teeth. G–I, gizzard plates of a specimen from Madeira (ZSM Mol 20160195). J, jaw elements of a specimen from Madeira (ZSM Mol 20160196). K, post-radular armature of a specimen from Madeira (ZSM Mol 20160196). L, M, dorsal and ventral views of the shell apex of a specimen from Madeira (ZSM Mol 20160195). N, O, dorsal and ventral views of the shell apex of a specimen from Madeira (ZSM Mol 20160196). + + + +Male reproductive system: +Penial canal large, muscular, with two proximal retractor muscles, on each side of opening into body wall ( +Fig. 22B–D +). Penial canal widens gradually into oval penial sheath, containing penial papilla. Distal end of penial sheath connects to thick and strong retractor muscle attaching to ventral side of body wall internally. Penial papilla elongate, triangular, with longitudinal groove ( +Fig. 22A +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/96/87/03968781AD3BFFF237D4FC01FC359A70.xml b/data/03/96/87/03968781AD3BFFF237D4FC01FC359A70.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..aa9d990dada --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/96/87/03968781AD3BFFF237D4FC01FC359A70.xml @@ -0,0 +1,446 @@ + + + +Molecular and morphological systematics of Dolabrifera Gray, 1847 (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Heterobranchia: Aplysiomorpha) + + + +Author + +Valdés, Ángel + + + +Author + +Breslau, Eric + + + +Author + +Padula, Vinicius + + + +Author + +Schrödl, Michael + + + +Author + +Camacho, Yolanda + + + +Author + +Malaquias, Manuel António E. + + + +Author + +Alexander, Jennifer + + + +Author + +Bottomley, Morgan + + + +Author + +Vital, Xochitl G. + + + +Author + +Hooker, Yuri + + + +Author + +Gosliner, Terrence M. + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +184 + + +31 +65 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +BDCBB96-B722-4095-9D6C-1E418A2D961E + + + + + + + +DOLABRIFERA +ASCIFERA + +( + +RANG +, 1828 + +) + + + + + + +( + +FIGS +10A–D + +, +11–13 +) + + + + + + + +Aplysia ascifera + +Rang, 1828: 51–52 + + + +, pl. 4, figs 7–9. +Type +locality: ‘ + +Saint-Jean +de Cayenne’ + +(=Cayenne), +French Guiana +. + + + + + + +Dolabrifera swiftii +Pilsbry, 1896: 125 + + +, pl. 67, figs 19–20. +Type +locality: West Indies. + + + + +Dolabrifera sowerbyi +Guilding + +in +Reeve, 1868 +: pl. 1, fig. 2a, b. +Type +locality: ‘St. Vincent’s W.I’. + + + + + +Type +material + + + + + + +Aplysia ascifera +Rang, 1828 + +, +two syntypes +at MNHN ( +Valdés & Héros, 1998 +). + + + +Dolabrifera swiftii +Pilsbry, 1896 + +, +one syntype +at ANSP 67519. + + + +Dolabrifera sowerbyi +Guilding + +in +Reeve, 1868 +, +two syntypes +at NHMUK 1839.9.15.45. + + + + +Material examined + + + +Lower Matecumbe Key +, +Florida +, +USA +, intertidal, + +22 September 1950 + +, +four specimens +21–34 mm +preserved length ( +LACM 1955 +- +59.4 +) + +. + +Arrecife Gallega +, +Veracruz +, +Veracruz +, +Mexico +, + +27 June 2014 + +, +one specimen +47 mm +preserved length ( +CNMO 6611 +) + +. + +Veracruz +, +Mexico +, + +16 June 1973 + +, +six specimens +30–45 mm +preserved length, leg. +J.W. Tunnell +( +LACM 179119 +) + +. + +Arrecife Isla Lobos +, +Veracruz +, +Mexico +, intertidal, + +3 June 1973 + +, +three specimens +18–44 mm +preserved length, leg. +J.W. Tunnell +( +LACM 179120 +) + +. + +Urchin Cove +, +Jamaica +, + +24 May 2006 + +, +one specimen +27 mm +preserved length, leg. +Ann DuPont +( +LACM 173238 +) + +. + +East +side of +Playa El Yaque’s Lagoon +, +Isla Tortuga +, +Venezuela +, + +18 March 2010 + +, + +0.5 m +depth + +, +one specimen +55 mm +preserved length ( +ZMUB 84907.1 +) + +; + +one specimen +54 mm +preserved length ( +ZMUB 84907.2 +) + +. + +Bocas del Drago +, +Bocas del Toro +, +Panama +, + +28 July 2015 + +, +one specimen +22 mm +preserved length ( +CPIC 01563 +) + +. + + +Description + + +External morphology: +Body up to +90 mm +long, oval to elongate, flattened, broader posteriorly, narrowing gradually towards head. Dorsum covered with numerous tubercles of different sizes, each with retractile, simple papilla on apex; larger tubercles surrounded by smaller ones ( +Fig. 10A–D +), tightly arranged, giving animal bumpy appearance. Rhinophores enrolled, elongated. Oral tentacles wide, short, enrolled, with narrower bases. Parapodia fused together except for short region in posterior midline, forming two small flaps. Flaps partially overlapping in middle (right parapodium partially covers left one), allowing enough space anteriorly for inhalant opening and posteriorly for exhalant siphon to protrude; edge of parapodia tuberculate. External sperm groove clearly visible on right side of animal, between mantle cavity and base of right oral tentacle. + + + +Figure 10. +Live animals of the Atlantic Ocean species of + +Dolabrifera + +. A–D, + +Dolabrifera ascifera +Rang, 1828 + +. A, Venezuela (ZMBN 84918); B, Jamaica (LACM 173238); C, Veracruz, Mexico (CNMO 6611); D, Bocas del Toro, Panama (CPIC 01563). E, F, +Dolabrifera edmundsi + +sp. nov +. + +, Madeira, Portugal, photograph: P. Wirtz (ZSM 20160193, ZSM 20160194). G, H, + +Dolabrifera virens +Verrill, 1901 + +. G, Jamaica (LACM 173265); H, St. Helena (ZSM Mol 20170625). + + + +External coloration: +Background colour variable, brown or green, with spots and/or irregular patches of different colours. Mantle margin semi-translucent, with same general colour as rest of the body and light spots. Ventral side typically same colour as rest of the body with numerous white spots. + + +Digestive system: +Radular formulae: 34 × 90.1.77 ( +CPIC +01563); 35 × 90.1.95 ( +LACM +173238); radulae typically asymmetrical, with more teeth in one half-row. Rachidian teeth with robust central cusp, two large denticles on each side ( +Fig. 11A, D +); teeth wider at base, both upper, lower ends of teeth convex. Some rachidian teeth with sharp conical extensions on one of the apical ends (typically right one). Lateral teeth elongate, with long bases ( +Fig. 11B, E +); each cusp with basal, blunt, inner denticle, apex bifurcated into two blunt denticles, one clearly larger. Outer teeth very elongate, with or without secondary denticle, apex bifurcate or simple ( +Fig. 11C, F +). Jaws with simple, irregular denticles ( +Fig. 11J +). Post-radular armature with numerous spines with elongate bases, triangular cusps ( +Fig. 11K +). Gizzard plates variable in shape, typically irregular, with some striations more visible near centre ( +Fig. 11G–I +). + + +Shell: +Shell flat, well calcified, oval ( +Fig. 12 +); nucleus conspicuous, formed by single lobe ( +Fig. 12A–D, I, J +), occasionally two ( +Fig. 12E–H, K, L +). On apertural view with nucleus on upper end, left side of shell either concave or straight. Right side of shell convex, narrower near nucleus, typically widening abruptly near mid-length, more gradually in some specimens. Widest portion of shell mid-length or slightly forward. Sculpture of conspicuous growth lines. + + +Male reproductive system: +Penial canal long and muscular, lacking tubercles, with two proximal retractor muscles, one on each side of opening into body wall ( +Fig. 13B–D +). Penial canal ends in long retractor muscle connecting to ventral side of body wall internally. No distinguishable penial sheath. Penial papilla very long, occupies almost entire penial canal ( +Fig. 13A +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/96/87/03968781AD3CFFF9363DF9CFFE249CE5.xml b/data/03/96/87/03968781AD3CFFF9363DF9CFFE249CE5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2bb65499ea9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/96/87/03968781AD3CFFF9363DF9CFFE249CE5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,327 @@ + + + +Molecular and morphological systematics of Dolabrifera Gray, 1847 (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Heterobranchia: Aplysiomorpha) + + + +Author + +Valdés, Ángel + + + +Author + +Breslau, Eric + + + +Author + +Padula, Vinicius + + + +Author + +Schrödl, Michael + + + +Author + +Camacho, Yolanda + + + +Author + +Malaquias, Manuel António E. + + + +Author + +Alexander, Jennifer + + + +Author + +Bottomley, Morgan + + + +Author + +Vital, Xochitl G. + + + +Author + +Hooker, Yuri + + + +Author + +Gosliner, Terrence M. + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +184 + + +31 +65 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +BDCBB96-B722-4095-9D6C-1E418A2D961E + + + + + + + +DOLABRIFERA +VIRENS + + +VERRILL +, 1901 + + + + + + + +( + +FIGS +10G–H + +, +17–19 +) + + + + + + + +Dolabrifera virens +Verrill, 1901: 24–25 + + +, pl. 2, fig. 4, 5, pl. 4, fig. 11. +Type +locality: Hungry Bay, +Bermuda +. + + + + + + +Type +material + + + + + + +Dolabrifera virens +Verrill, 1901 + +, +two syntypes +at YPM IZ 048817 (wet) and YPM IZ 029268 (dry). + + + + +Material examined + + + +Urchin Cove +, +St Ann’s Bay +, +Jamaica +( +18°27.20′N +, +77°13.55′W +), + +0.3–0.6 m +depth + +, + +25 May 2006 + +, +two specimens +10–15 mm +preserved length, leg. +A. DuPont +( +LACM 173265 +) + +. + +Lauderdale-by-the-Sea, +Florida +, +USA +, + +8 m +depth + +, + +18 June 2014 + +, +one specimen +21 mm +preserved length, leg. +A. Dimitris +( +CPIC 01134 +) + +. + +Vista Alegre +, +Curaçao +( +12°0.50′N +, +68°53.30′W +), intertidal, + +23 April 1939 + +, +nine specimens +14–40 mm +preserved length ( +LACM 1939 +- +215.1 +) + +. + + +Description + + +External morphology: +Body up to +80 mm +long, oval, flattened, broader posteriorly, narrowing slightly towards head. Dorsum covered with densely packed tubercles of different sizes, each with elongate papilla on apex, some ramified at tips; larger tubercles surrounded by smaller ones, each bearing papilla, giving animal appearance of being densely covered with papillae ( +Fig. 10G–H +). Rhinophores enrolled, elongated. Oral tentacles wide, short, enrolled, with narrower bases. Parapodia fused together except for short region in posterior midline, forming two small flaps. Flaps partially overlapping in middle (right parapodium partially covers left one), allowing enough space anteriorly for inhalant opening and posteriorly for exhalant siphon to protrude; edge of parapodia tuberculate. External sperm groove clearly visible on right side of animal, between mantle cavity and base of right oral tentacle. + + +External coloration: +Background colour variable, red, brown or green, sometimes white, with spots and/or irregular patches of different colours. Mantle margin semi-translucent, with same general colour as rest of body and few small white dots. Ventral side typically same colour as rest of the body with numerous white spots. + + +Digestive system: +Radular formulae: 32 × 61.1.60 ( +LACM +173265A); 27 × 50.1.57 ( +LACM +173265B); radulae nearly symmetrical, with about same number of teeth on each row. Rachidian teeth with robust central cusp, two large denticles on each side ( +Fig. 17A, D +); teeth wider at base, both upper and lower ends of teeth convex. Lateral teeth elongate, with long bases ( +Fig. 17B, E +); each cusp with two to three basal, blunt, inner denticles, apex bifurcated into two blunt denticles equal in size. Outer teeth very elongate, with secondary denticle, apex bifurcate ( +Fig. 17C, F +). Jaws with simple, irregular denticles ( +Fig. 17J +). Post-radular armature with numerous spines with elongate bases and low cusps ( +Fig. 17K +). Gizzard plates variable in shape, typically short, wide, with some striations more visible near one end ( +Fig. 17G–I +). + + + +Figure 15. +Shells of + +Dolabrifera nicaraguana +Pilsbry, 1896 + +. A, B, dorsal and ventral view of a syntype of + +Dolabrifera nicaraguana +Pilsbry, 1896 + +(ANSP 67517), scale bar = 1 mm (photographs: ©ANSP). C, D, dorsal and ventral view of a specimen from Puerto Culebra, Costa Rica (LACM 256-34), scale bar = 1 mm. E, F, dorsal and ventral view of a specimen from Bahía San Josecito, Costa Rica (CPIC 00551), scale bar = 1 mm. G, H, dorsal and ventral view of a specimen from Puerto Vallarta, Mexico (CPIC 00547), scale bar = 1 mm. I, J, dorsal and ventral view of a specimen from Bahía Salinas, Costa Rica (LACM 474-35), scale bar = 1 mm. K, L, dorsal and ventral view of a specimen from Bahía San Josecito, Costa Rica (CPIC 00551), scale bar = 1 mm. M, N, dorsal and ventral view of a specimen from Tumbes, Peru (CPIC 00194), scale bar = 1 mm. O, P, dorsal and ventral view of a specimen from Santa Elena, Ecuador (LACM 1934–81.15), scale bar = 1 mm. + + + + +Figure 16. +Penial morphology of + +Dolabrifera nicaraguana +Pilsbry, 1896 + +. A, SEM micrograph of the penial papilla (dissected out the penial sheath) of a specimen from Bahía San Josecito, Costa Rica (CPIC 00551). B, male copulatory organs of a specimen from Bahía San Josecito, Costa Rica (CPIC 00551). C, male copulatory organs of a specimen from Santa Elena, Ecuador (LACM 1934-81.15). Abbreviations: pc, penial canal; pp, penial papilla; ps, penial sheath; rm, retractor muscle; tb, tubercle. + + + + +Figure 17. +SEM micrographs of the internal anatomy of + +Dolabrifera virens +Verrill, 1901 + +. A–C, radular teeth of a specimen from Jamaica (LACM 173265A). A, rachidian and innermost lateral teeth; B, mid-lateral teeth; C, outer lateral teeth. D–F, radular teeth of a specimen from Jamaica (LACM 173265B). D, rachidian and innermost lateral teeth; E, mid-lateral teeth; F, outer lateral teeth. G–I, gizzard plates of a specimen from Jamaica (LACM 173265A). J, jaw elements of a specimen from Jamaica (LACM 173265B). K, post-radular armature of a specimen from Jamaica (LACM 173265A). L, M, dorsal and ventral views of the shell apex of a specimen from Jamaica (LACM 173265B). N, O, dorsal and ventral views of the shell apex of a specimen from Jamaica (LACM 173265A). + + + +Shell: +Shell flat, well calcified, elongate, width/ length ratio greater than 1:2 ( +Fig. 18 +); nucleus inconspicuous, short, formed by single lobe. On apertural view with nucleus on upper end, left side of shell either concave or straight. Right side of shell convex, narrower near nucleus, widening gradually towards mid-length. Widest portion of shell mid-length or slightly backward. Sculpture of conspicuous growth lines. + + +Male reproductive system: +Penial canal long, muscular, lacking tubercles, with two proximal retractor muscles, one on each side of opening into body wall ( +Fig. 19B, C +). Penial canal ends in long retractor muscle connecting to ventral side of body wall internally. No distinguishable penial sheath. Penial papilla very long, occupies almost entire penial canal ( +Fig. 19A +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/96/87/03968781AD3FFFF537F5F921FA529A46.xml b/data/03/96/87/03968781AD3FFFF537F5F921FA529A46.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2aa8e27af60 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/96/87/03968781AD3FFFF537F5F921FA529A46.xml @@ -0,0 +1,741 @@ + + + +Molecular and morphological systematics of Dolabrifera Gray, 1847 (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Heterobranchia: Aplysiomorpha) + + + +Author + +Valdés, Ángel + + + +Author + +Breslau, Eric + + + +Author + +Padula, Vinicius + + + +Author + +Schrödl, Michael + + + +Author + +Camacho, Yolanda + + + +Author + +Malaquias, Manuel António E. + + + +Author + +Alexander, Jennifer + + + +Author + +Bottomley, Morgan + + + +Author + +Vital, Xochitl G. + + + +Author + +Hooker, Yuri + + + +Author + +Gosliner, Terrence M. + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +184 + + +31 +65 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +BDCBB96-B722-4095-9D6C-1E418A2D961E + + + + + + + +DOLABRIFERA +NICARAGUANA + + +PILSBRY +, 1896 + + + + + + + +( + +FIGS +3I–J + +, +14–16 +) + + + + + + + +Dolabrifera nicaraguana + +Pilsbry, 1896: 124 + + + +, pl. 63, figs 12–16. +Type +locality: +San Juan +del +Sur +, +Nicaragua +(Pacific coast). + + + + + +Type material + + +Three syntypes +at ANSP 67517 (dry) and ANSP A7048 (wet). + + +Material examined + + + +Puerto Vallarta +, +Mexico +, intertidal, + +2 May 2002 + +, +one specimen +15 mm +preserved length ( +CPIC 00547 +) + +. + +El Salvador +, no locality data or date, two shells, leg. +A.J. Ferreira +( +LACM 10383–10384 +) + +. + +Costa Rica +, no locality data or date, two shells, leg. +A.J. Ferreira +( +LACM 10381–10382 +) + +. + +North +side of +San Juan +del +Sur Bay +, +Nicaragua +( +11°15′N +, +85°52′W +), + +25 Jan 1974 + +, +six specimens +10–13 mm +preserved length, one shell removed ( +CASIZ 001449 +) + +. + +Bahía Salinas +, +Guanacaste +, +Costa Rica +( +11°02′N +, +83°42′W +), intertidal, + +10 February 1935 + +, +two specimens +30–35 mm +preserved length ( +LACM 1935 +- +107.25 +) + +; + +one specimen +35 mm +preserved length ( +LACM 1935 +- +107.25 +) + +. + +Puerto Parker +, +Guanacaste +, +Costa Rica +( +10°56′N +, +85°48′47″W +), intertidal, + +9 February 1935 + +, +one specimen +23 mm +preserved length ( +LACM 1935 +- +115.17 +) + +. + +South of Punta Mala +, +Puerto Culebra +, +Guanacaste +, +Costa Rica +( +10°36′30″N +, +85°42′15″W +), intertidal, + +24 February 1934 + +, +three specimens +25–35 mm +preserved length ( +LACM 1934 +- +130.21 +) + +; + +eight specimens +20–30 mm +preserved length ( +LACM 1934 +- +130.21 +) + +. + +Bahía San Josecito +, +Provincia +Puntarenas +, +Costa Rica +, + +14 January 2003 + +, +two specimens +24–28 mm +preserved length ( +CPIC 00551 +) + +. + +North +side of Isla del +Caño +, +Costa Rica +( +8°43′15″N +, +83°53′07″W +), intertidal, + +18–19 March 1972 + +, +four specimens +10–15 mm +preserved length, leg. +J.H. McLean +( +LACM 1972 +- +68.45 +) + +. + +Bahía Honda +, +Panama +( +7°43′30″N +, +81°32′40″W +), intertidal, + +28 March 1939 + +, +seven specimens +22–30 mm +preserved length ( +LACM 1939 +– +52.1 +) + +. + +South of Punta Marzo +, +Bahía Octavia +, Choco, +Colombia +( +6°49.8′N +, +77°49.6′W +, intertidal, + +27 January 1935 + +, +one specimen +21 mm +preserved length ( +LACM 1935 +– +73.9 +). +Bahía Cupica +, +Choco +, +Colombia +( +6°39.2′N +, +77°30.7′W +, intertidal, + +26 January 1935 + +, +one specimen +22 mm +preserved length ( +LACM 1935 +– +73.9 +). +Puerto Utria +, +Choco +, +Colombia +( +5°59.2′N +, +77°21.3′W +, intertidal, + +23 January 1935 + +, +one specimen +30 mm +preserved length ( +LACM 1935 +– +52.25 +); + +25 February 1938 + +, +three specimens +23–31 mm +preserved length ( +LACM 1938 +- +126.18 +). Isla +Gorgona +, Cauca, +Colombia +( +3°0.5′N +, +78°11.8′W +), intertidal, + +12 February 1934 + +, +one specimen +24 mm +preserved length ( +LACM 1934 +– +92.17 +). +Cabo de San Francisco +, +Ecuador +( +0°39′30″N +, +80°06′30″W +), intertidal, +two specimens +32–37 mm +( +LACM 1938 +- +116.11 +). +Sombrero Chino +, Isla +Santiago +, Islas Galápagos, +Ecuador +( +0°22′20″S +, +90°34′30″W +), intertidal, + +22 March 1971 + +, +six specimens +15–22 mm +preserved length ( +LACM 1971 +- +64.6 +). +Punta Alfaro +, Isla +Isabela +, Islas Galápagos, +Ecuador +( +0°25′20″S +, +90°57′10″W +), intertidal, + +25 March 1971 + +, +three specimens +8–12 mm +preserved length ( +LACM 1971 +- +70.10 +). Isla +Pinzón +, Islas Galápagos, +Ecuador +( +0°35′50″S +, +90°39′15″W +), intertidal, + +25–26 March 1971 + +, +five specimens +16–22 mm +preserved length ( +LACM 1971 +- +72.16 +). +Darwin Research Station +, +Academy Bay +, Isla +Santa Cruz +, Islas Galápagos, +Ecuador +( +0°45′06″S +, +90°15′38″W +), + +1 m + +, + +March 1971 + +, +one specimen +23 mm +preserved length ( +LACM 1971 +- +45.20 +); intertidal, + +March 1971 + +, +one specimen +21 mm +preserved length ( +LACM 1971 +- +44.17 +). +Flamingo Cove +, near +Post Office Bay +, Isla +Floreana +, Islas Galápagos, +Ecuador +( +1°14′S +, +90°27′30″W +), intertidal, + +15 March 1971 + +, +two specimens +13–24 mm +preserved length ( +LACM 1971 +- +52.13 +). Isla +de la Plata +, +Ecuador +( +1°16′S +, +81°05′10″W +), intertidal, + +22 January 1933 + +, +one specimen +45 mm +preserved length ( +LACM 1933 +- +22.21 +). +Salinas +, +Santa Elena +, +Ecuador +( +2°12′S +, +81°58′W +), + +5–6 March 1970 + +, +one specimens +28 mm +preserved length, leg. +J.H. McLean +( +LACM 1970 +– +9.29 +). +South Point +of +Santa Elena +, +Ecuador +( +2°12′23″S +, +81°00’05″W +), + +8 February 1934 + +, +three specimens +40 mm +preserved length ( +LACM 1934 +– +81.15 +). +Balneario Punta Sal +, +Tumbes +, +Peru +, intertidal, + +9 August 2005 + +, +one specimen +16 mm +preserved length, leg. +K. Nakamura +( +CPIC 00194 +). + + + +Description + + +External morphology: +Body up to +50 mm +long, oval to elongate, flattened, broader posteriorly, narrowing gradually towards head. Dorsum covered with densely packed tubercles of different sizes, each with retractile, simple, short papilla on apex; larger tubercles surrounded by smaller ones ( +Fig. 3I, J +). Rhinophores enrolled, elongated. Oral tentacles wide, short, enrolled, with narrower bases. Parapodia fused together except for short region in posterior midline, forming two small flaps. Flaps partially overlapping in middle (right parapodium partially covers left one), allowing enough space anteriorly for inhalant opening and posteriorly for exhalant siphon to protrude; edge of parapodia tuberculate. External sperm groove clearly visible on right side of animal, between mantle cavity and base of right oral tentacle. + + +External coloration: +Background colour variable, typically brown, greyish-green, or red; tubercles often lighter than background coloration, sometimes with papillae of different colours (pink). Mantle margin with same general colour as rest of body with light spots. Ventral side typically same colour as rest of body with numerous white spots. + + +Digestive system: +Radular formulae: 25 × 86.1.84 ( +CPIC +00547); 43 × 111.1.95 ( +CPIC +00551); radulae slightly asymmetrical, with few more teeth in one half-row. Rachidian teeth with robust central cusp, two large denticles on each side ( +Fig. 14A, D +), two innermost denticles much larger than two outermost; teeth wider at base, both upper and lower ends of teeth convex. Some rachidian teeth with small sharp conical extensions on one of apical ends (typically right one). Lateral teeth elongate, with long bases ( +Fig. 14B, E +); each cusp with basal, narrow, inner denticle, apex bifurcated into two blunt denticles, one slightly larger. Outer teeth very elongate, with or without secondary denticle, apex bifurcate or simple ( +Fig. 14C, F +). Jaws with simple, irregular denticles ( +Fig. 14J +). Post-radular armature with numerous spines with elongate bases and triangular cusps ( +Fig. 14K +). Gizzard plates variable in shape, typically irregular, with numerous striations ( +Fig. 14G–I +). + + +Shell: +Shell flat, well calcified, oval to elongate ( +Fig. 15 +); nucleus conspicuous, formed by single lobe ( +Fig. 14L–P +). On apertural view with nucleus on upper end, left side of shell either concave or straight. Right side of shell convex, narrower near nucleus, typically widening slightly towards mid-length, abruptly in some specimens; some shells very narrow across entire length. Widest portion of shell mid-length backward. Sculpture of conspicuous growth lines. + + +Male reproductive system: +Penial canal large and muscular, with a series of tubercles and two proximal retractor muscles, on each side of the opening into the body wall ( +Fig. 16B, C +). The penial canal widens gradually into the distal end, right before narrowing abruptly and widening again into a small, vesicular-like penial sheath, which contains the penial papilla. The distal end of the penial sheath connects to a long and strong retractor muscle attaching to the ventral side of the body wall internally. The penial papilla is small, triangular, with a longitudinal groove ( +Fig. 16A +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/9F/87/039F87D9FFE3FFE3FCC1BB38335C4C8D.xml b/data/03/9F/87/039F87D9FFE3FFE3FCC1BB38335C4C8D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3b8683753c5 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/9F/87/039F87D9FFE3FFE3FCC1BB38335C4C8D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,136 @@ + + + +Systematic revision of the Southeast Asian macrophagous leeches, with the description of two new gastrostomobdellid species (Hirudinida: Arhynchobdellida: Erpobdelliformes) + + + +Author + +Nakano, Takafumi + + + +Author + +Eto, Koshiro + + + +Author + +Nishikawa, Kanto + + + +Author + +Hossman, Mohamad Yazid + + + +Author + +Jeratthitikul, Ekgachai + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +184 + + +1 +30 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +A864CAD-A9A3-4276-A037-10F57DB50C18 + + + + + +GENUS + + +SCAPTOBDELLA + +BLANCHARD +, 1897 + + + + + + + +Type +species: + + +Scaptobdella horsti +Blanchard, 1897 + +, fixed by monotypy. + + +Emended diagnosis: +Female gonopore in posterior part of somite XII. Pharyngopore, when present, dorsally in posterior part of somite XIV. Pharyngoporal duct simple, straight, descending to pharynx terminal end. Crop tubular, acaecate. Gastropore and gastroporal duct absent. Pair of atrial cornua conical, curved posterolaterally. Tubular ovisacs turned posterodistally, then running dorsally on respective sperm ducts. + + + +Figure 11. + +Gastrostomobdella buettikoferi +(Blanchard, 1897) + + +comb. nov. + +, holotype (RMNH.Hi.649). A, ventral view of oral cavity and pharynx. B, dorsal view of reproductive system, including ventral nervous system. C, dorsal view of male atrium, including position of ganglion XII. D, left lateral view of male atrium. E, ventral view of male atrium. F, dorsal view of female reproductive system, including position of ganglion XIII. Abbreviations: ac, atrial cornu; at, atrium; ov, ovisac; sd, sperm duct; ts, testisac. Scale bars: A, 2 mm; B, 5 mm; C–F, 0.5 mm. + + + +Remarks: +This genus has been considered a salifid taxon ( +Sawyer, 1986 +; +Nakano & Nguyen, 2015 +). However, + +Scaptobdella + +does not belong to the family +Salifidae +because its +type +species and other congeners clearly possess an agnathous and euthylaematous pharynx in their oral cavities. Although the species of + +Scaptobdella + +do not bear a ventral gastroporal duct, this genus is placed within the family +Gastrostomobdellidae +by the following characteristics: mid-body somite annulation basically sexannulate, post-anal annuli present, ejaculatory bulbs and epididymides absent, and ovisacs tubular, directly descending to female gonopore. + +Scaptobdella + +is distinguishable from + +Gastrostomobdella + +by the following morphological characteristics: female gonopore in posterior part of somite XII (in somite XII/XIII to anterior part of somite XIII in + +Gastrostomobdella + +), atrial cornua developed conical, and curved posterolaterally (rudimentary or weakly developed), and tubular ovisacs running dorsally on respective sperm ducts (generally running alongside the ventral nerve cord). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/9F/87/039F87D9FFE8FFF6FCDEBF0C34314B00.xml b/data/03/9F/87/039F87D9FFE8FFF6FCDEBF0C34314B00.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..05e06747275 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/9F/87/039F87D9FFE8FFF6FCDEBF0C34314B00.xml @@ -0,0 +1,127 @@ + + + +Systematic revision of the Southeast Asian macrophagous leeches, with the description of two new gastrostomobdellid species (Hirudinida: Arhynchobdellida: Erpobdelliformes) + + + +Author + +Nakano, Takafumi + + + +Author + +Eto, Koshiro + + + +Author + +Nishikawa, Kanto + + + +Author + +Hossman, Mohamad Yazid + + + +Author + +Jeratthitikul, Ekgachai + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +184 + + +1 +30 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +A864CAD-A9A3-4276-A037-10F57DB50C18 + + + + + +GENUS + + +GASTROSTOMOBDELLA + + +MOORE +, 1929 + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + + +Gastrostomobdella monticola +Moore, 1929 + +, fixed by original designation. + + +Emended diagnosis: +Female gonopore in somite XII/ XIII to anterior part of somite XIII. Pharyngopore and pharyngoporal duct absent. Gastropore, when present, ventral in posterior part of somite XIV to somite XIV/ XV. Gastroporal duct columnar, running vertically from ventral surface of crop to gastropore; two pores open to crop; canal Y-shaped; penetrated by nerve cord. Pair of atrial cornua undeveloped or weakly developed. Tubular ovisacs generally running alongside ventral nerve cord. + + +Remarks: +The genus + +Gastrostomobdella + +originally comprised only the gastroporous species ( +Richardson, 1971 +; +Sawyer, 1986 +). According to the emended diagnosis, however, the genus can contain the Southeast Asian euthylaematous erpobdelliform species without a gastropore and gastroporal duct. + +Gastrostomobdella +species + +are distinguished from + +Scaptobdella +species + +by the following combination of morphological characteristics: female gonopore in somite XII/XIII to anterior part of somite XIII (in the posterior part of somite XII in + +Scaptobdella + +); atrial cornua rudimentary or weakly developed (developed conical, and curved posterolaterally), and tubular ovisacs generally running alongside the ventral nerve cord (running dorsally on respective sperm ducts). + + + + +GASTROSTOMOBDELLA +EXTENTA + +NAKANO +AND + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/9F/87/039F87D9FFE8FFF6FF09BF0034064CEF.xml b/data/03/9F/87/039F87D9FFE8FFF6FF09BF0034064CEF.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..41f00682eb6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/9F/87/039F87D9FFE8FFF6FF09BF0034064CEF.xml @@ -0,0 +1,108 @@ + + + +Systematic revision of the Southeast Asian macrophagous leeches, with the description of two new gastrostomobdellid species (Hirudinida: Arhynchobdellida: Erpobdelliformes) + + + +Author + +Nakano, Takafumi + + + +Author + +Eto, Koshiro + + + +Author + +Nishikawa, Kanto + + + +Author + +Hossman, Mohamad Yazid + + + +Author + +Jeratthitikul, Ekgachai + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +184 + + +1 +30 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +A864CAD-A9A3-4276-A037-10F57DB50C18 + + + + + +FAMILY + +GASTROSTOMOBDELLIDAE + +RICHARDSON +, 1971 + + + + + + + +Emended diagnosis: +Body firm and muscular, elongate, with constant width in caudal direction, dorsoventrally compressed. Somite I completely merged with prostomium. Somite II uniannulate, not separated from I. Mid-body somite annulation, variable, basically sexannulate. Post-anal annuli present. Male gonopore in posterior part of somite XI to anterior part of somite XII. Female gonopore in posterior part of somite XII to anterior part of somite XIII. Papillae numerous, minute, hardly visible, one row on every annulus, and two rows on annuli with secondary furrow. Pharynx agnathous, euthylaematous. Pharyngopore, when present, dorsally in posterior part of somite XIV. Pharyngoporal duct simple, straight, descending to pharynx terminal end. Crop tubular, acaecate. Gastropore, when present, ventral in posterior part of somite XIV to somite XIV/ XV. Gastroporal duct columnar, running vertically from ventral surface of crop to gastropore; two pores open to crop; canal Y-shaped; penetrated by nerve cord. Intestine tubular, acaecate. Rectum tubular, thin walled, straight. Testisacs multiple. Ejaculatory bulbs absent. Epididymides absent. Pre-atrial loops absent. Male median reproductive system in posterior part of somite XI to anterior part of somite XII, without penis or penis sheath. Ovisacs tubular, directly descending to female gonopore. + + +Remarks: +Both the Southeast Asian family +Gastrostomobdellidae +and the East Asian monogeneric family +Orobdellidae +are characterized by an agnathous and euthylaematous pharynx in the digestive tract. According to taxonomic studies ( + +Nakano +et al. +, 2012 + +; Nakano, 2016), +Gastrostomobdellidae +is distinct from +Orobdellidae +in the following characteristics: post-anal annuli present (absent in orobdellid species), and ovisacs tubular, directly descending to female gonopore (globular with oviducts in orobdellid species). Moreover, gastrostomobdellid species lack epididymides in their male genital system, whereas most orobdellid species possess them. The characteristics of the gastrostomobdellid ventral gastropore and gastroporal duct are also clearly different from those of the orobdellid leeches: in +Gastrostomobdellidae +, when present, the gastropore opens in the posterior part of somite XIV to somite XIV/XV (in the anterior part of somite XIII in +Orobdellidae +). The gastroporal duct is columnar, and runs vertically from the ventral surface of the crop to the gastropore (tubular, lying on the female organ in +Orobdellidae +). A dorsal pharyngopore and the duct connecting it to the pharynx have never been described for species within the other erpobdelliform families, i.e. +Erpobdellidae +, +Orobdellidae +, and +Salifidae +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/9F/87/039F87D9FFFFFFE6FCE2B82330BC48DD.xml b/data/03/9F/87/039F87D9FFFFFFE6FCE2B82330BC48DD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2367a19a76d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/9F/87/039F87D9FFFFFFE6FCE2B82330BC48DD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,309 @@ + + + +Systematic revision of the Southeast Asian macrophagous leeches, with the description of two new gastrostomobdellid species (Hirudinida: Arhynchobdellida: Erpobdelliformes) + + + +Author + +Nakano, Takafumi + + + +Author + +Eto, Koshiro + + + +Author + +Nishikawa, Kanto + + + +Author + +Hossman, Mohamad Yazid + + + +Author + +Jeratthitikul, Ekgachai + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +184 + + +1 +30 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +A864CAD-A9A3-4276-A037-10F57DB50C18 + + + + + + + +SCAPTOBDELLA +SUMATRENSIS + +( + +HARDING +, 1931 + +) + + + + + + +( + +FIGS +15–17 + +) + + + + + + + +Acrabdella sumatrensis +Harding, 1931: 222–223 + + +, figs 1, 2. – + +Soós, 1966b: 154 + +. + + + + + +Scaptobdella sumatrensis + +– + +Sawyer, 1986: 697 + +, 751. + + + + + +Diagnosis: +Male gonopore in somite XI c11/c12, female gonopore in somite XII c11/c12, gonopores separated by six annuli. Pharyngopore and pharyngoporal duct present, dorsally in centre of somite XIV c12. + + + + +Syntypes +: + +BMNH 1929.4 +.22.1, two individuals, both dissected, collected from +Korinchi Peak +, +Sumatra +, + +7300 ft. + +(= +Gunung +[= Mt.] +Kerinci +; ~ +1.69°S +, ~ +101.26°E +; + +elevation +2235 m + +; +Sumatra +, +Indonesia +), on + +22 April 1929 + +, through +Robinson-Kloss Expedition +( +Fig. 15E +). +One specimen +lacking a portion of somite I to the middle of somite + + +VII +( +syntype +#1; +Fig. 15A, B +); the other individual had already been dissected into five pieces ( +syntype +#2; +Fig. 15C, D +) + + + + +Figure 14. + +Scaptobdella horsti +Blanchard, 1897 + +, lectotype (RMNH.Hi.683). A, ventral view of oral cavity and pharynx. B, ventral view of pharynx terminal end and pharyngoporal duct opening. C, dorsal view of reproductive system, including ventral nervous system. D, dorsal view of male atrium, including position of ganglion XII. E, left lateral view of male atrium. F, ventral view of male atrium. G, dorsal view of female reproductive system, including position of ganglion XIII. Abbreviations: ac, atrial cornu; at, atrium; ov, ovisac; pdo, pharyngoporal duct opening; sd, sperm duct; ts, testisac. Scale bars: A, B, 2 mm; C, 5 mm; D–G, 1 mm. + + + + +Description of +syntypes +: + +BL> +150 mm +( +157.6 mm +in +syntype +#2;> +150.3 mm +in +syntype +#1), BW +17.4–21.3 mm +( +Fig. 15A–D +). Caudal sucker ventral, elliptic; CL + + +7.8–8.4 mm +, CW +8.7–12.4 mm +( +Figs 15B +, +16F +). Annulation of somite I–VII comprising 17 annuli altogether ( +Fig. 16A, B +); 1st annulus completely merged with prostomium, then 2nd (peristomium) <3rd> 4th <5th> 6th = 7th = 8th = 9th = 10th = +11t +h = 12th <13th = 14th> 15th = 16th <17th; posterior margin of oral sucker undetermined. Accordingly, annulation of somites I–VII tentatively interpreted as follows ( +Fig. 16A, B +): somite I merged with prostomium; somite II (= peristomium) uniannulate; somite III and IV biannulate, (a1 + a2)> a3, IV a3 with slight dorsal furrow; somite V triannulate, a1 = a2 = a3; somites VI and VII quadrannulate, a1 = a2 = b5 <b6, and a1> a2 = b5 <b6 (c11 = c12 dorsally), respectively. Somite VIII quinquannulate, a1 (b1 = b2)> a2 = b5> c11 = c12, each of a2 and b5 with slight dorsal furrow. Somites IX–XVIII sexannulate; IX–XIV, b1 <b2 <a2 = b5> c11 = c12, each of a2 and b5 with slight dorsal to ventrolateral furrow ( +Fig. 16C, D +); XV, b1 <b2 = a2> b5 = c11 = c12, each of b2–c12 with slight lateral furrow on respective sides; XVI, b1 (c1 = c2 dorsally) <b2 (c3 = c4) = a2 (b3 = b4) = b5 (c9 = c10) = c11 = c12, c12 with slight furrow; XVII, b1 <b2 (c3 = c4) = a2 (b3 = b4) = b5 (c9 = c10)> c11 <c12 (d23 = d24 dorsally), c11 with slight dorsal furrow; XVIII, b1 <b2 (c3 = c4 dorsally) <a2 (b3 = b4 dorsally) = b5 (c9 = c10)> c11 (d21 = d22 dorsally) = c12 (d23 = d24 dorsally). Somites XIX and XX septannulate: XIX, b1 <b2 (c3 = c4) <a2 (b3> b4)> c9> c10 <c11 = c12, each of c11 and c12 with slight lateral to ventral furrow; XX, b1 <b2 (c3 = c4 dorsally) = a2 (b3 = b4 dorsally)> c9 = c10 <c11 = c12, each of c11 and c12 with slight furrow. Somite XXI sexannulate, b1 (c1 = c2) <b2 (c3 = c4) = a2 (b3 = b4) = b5 (c9 = c10)> c11 (d21 = d22) = c12 (d23 = d24). Somites XXII and XXIII septannulate: XXII, b1 <b2 (c3 = c4) = a2 (b3 = b4)> c9 = c10 <c11 (d21 = d22) <c12 (d23 = d24 dorsally); XXIII, b1 <b2 <a2> c9 = c10 <c11 <c12, c11 with slight lateral furrow on respective sides, c12 with slight dorsal furrow. Somite XXIV quinquannulate, b1 <b2 (c3 = c4) <a2 <b5 (c9 = c10) = b6 (c11 = c12) ( +Fig. 16E, F +). Annulation of somites XXV–XXVII comprising six or seven annuli altogether ( +Fig. 16E, F +); anus with one or two post-anal annuli. Annulation of somite XXV–XXVII tentatively interpreted as follows ( +Fig. 16E, F +): somite XXV quinquannulate, b1 <b2 <a2 = b5 (c9 = c10)> b6; somite XXVI more than one annulus with slight dorsal furrow, being last complete annulus on venter; somite XXVII uniannulate; anus at somite XXV/XXVI with one to two post-anal annuli. + + + +Figure 15. + +Scaptobdella sumatrensis +( +Harding, 1931 +) + +, syntypes (BMNH 1929.4.22.1). A, dorsal view of syntype lacking a portion of somite I to middle of somite VII (syntype #1). B, ventral view of syntype #1. C, dorsal view of syntype already dissected into five pieces (syntype #2). D, ventral view of syntype #2. E, handwritten label. Scale bars: 10 mm. + + + +Male gonopore in somite XI c11/c12 ( +Fig. 16C +). Female gonopore in XII c11/c12 ( +Fig. 16C +). Gonopores separated by six annuli ( +Fig. 16C +). + + +Anterior ganglionic mass in 13th and 14th annuli (somite VI b6 and somite VII a1) ( +Fig. 16B +). Ganglion VII undetectable. Ganglion VIII in a2, or a1 and a2. Ganglia IX and X, of each somite, in b2 and a2. Ganglia XI–XIII, of each somite, a2, or b2 and a2 ( +Fig. 17C +). Ganglia XIV–XVII, of each somite, in a2 ( +Fig. 17C +). Ganglia XVIII and XIX, of each somite, in b2 ( +Fig. 17C +). Ganglia XX and XXI, of each somite, in b2 and a2. Ganglion XXII undetectable. Ganglion XXIII in b2 and a2. Ganglia XXIV and XXV, of each somite, in b2. Ganglion XXVI coalescing with posterior ganglionic mass. Posterior ganglionic mass in somite XXV b5 and XXVI. + +Eyes undetectable. + +Nephridiopores in 17 pairs, one each situated ventrally at posterior margin of a1 of somite VIII, at posterior margin of b2 of each somite in XIX–XXIV ( +Fig. 16C, F +). + + +Pharynx ( +Fig. 17A +) reaching to somite XIV/XV–XV b2/b2. Pharyngopore dorsal, in centre of somite XIV c12 ( +Fig. 16D +). Pharyngoporal duct simple, straight, descending to pharynx terminal end, in somite XIV c12 ( +Fig. 17B +). Crop reaching to somite XXI a2; terminal end of crop forming weakly developed sphincter between crop and intestine, in somites XXI b1/b2–a2. Intestine reaching to somite XXIII b1/b2. + + +Testisacs uncountable ( +Fig. 17C +); on right side, from somite XVIII c11; on left side, from somite XIX b1; terminal end of testisacs undetectable. Paired sperm ducts coiled, narrowing at junction with atrial cornua, then running proximally toward atrial cornua ( +Fig. 17C +); right sperm duct in somite XI c12–XI/XII to somite XVIII c11–XIX b1; left sperm duct in somite XI c12–XI/ XII to somite XIX b1. Pair of atrial cornua conical, curved posterolaterally, in somite XI c11 and c12 ( +Fig. 17C–F +). Atrium globular, in somite XI b5–c12 ( +Fig. 17C–F +). + + + +Figure 16. + +Scaptobdella sumatrensis +( +Harding, 1931 +) + +, syntypes (BMNH 1929.4.22.1). A, dorsal view of somites I–VII of syntype already dissected into five pieces (syntype #2). B, ventral view of somites I–VII of syntype #2. C, ventral view of somites XI–XII of syntype lacking a portion of somite I to middle of somite VII (syntype #1). D, dorsal view of somite XIV and pharyngopore of syntype #1. E, dorsal view of somites XXIV–XXVII and caudal sucker of syntype #1. F, ventral view of somites XXIV–XXVI and caudal sucker of syntype #1. Abbreviations: an, anus; fg, female gonopore; mg, male gonopore; np, nephridiopore; pp, pharyngopore. Scale bars: A, B, 1 mm; C–F, 2 mm. + + + +One pair of ovisacs long, thin walled, slightly folded, mostly running dorsally on respective sperm ducts ( +Fig. 17C, G +); right ovisac in somite XII c12 to somite XV b5; left ovisac in somite XII c12 to somite XV a2/b5; both ovisacs turned posterodistally in somite XIII b2; converging in somite XII c12. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/BC/E8/03BCE806FF90FFDEB7A8FD65939C90FD.xml b/data/03/BC/E8/03BCE806FF90FFDEB7A8FD65939C90FD.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2860a38a2c9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/BC/E8/03BCE806FF90FFDEB7A8FD65939C90FD.xml @@ -0,0 +1,189 @@ + + + +The last of the desmatophocid seals: a new species of Allodesmus from the upper Miocene of Washington, USA, and a revision of the taxonomy of Desmatophocidae + + + +Author + +Boessenecker, Robert W. + + + +Author + +Churchill, Morgan + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +184 + + +211 +235 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +DE5001F-A4BE-4A43-84A4-AEA693B3FA14 + + + + + + +Allodesmus +n. sp. +Barnes and Hirota, 1995 + + + + + + +Etymology +: + +Allodesmus demerei + +is named in honor of Dr. Thomas A. Deméré for his mentorship, support, and influential contributions to the study of fossil pinnipeds and other marine mammals. + + +Diagnosis of species +: A large species of + +Allodesmus + +similar in adult size to + +Al. kernensis + +and + +Al. sadoensis + +, and differing from + +Al. naorai + +and + +Al. packardi + +in possessing a prenarial shelf that is anteriorly transversely expanded, and differing from + +Al. sinanoensis + +in lacking tusk-like canines. With the exception of + +Al. naorai + +, + +Al. demerei + +differs from all + +Allodesmus + +in exhibiting proportionally more elongate and triangular nasals that are widest anteriorly. + +Allodesmus demerei + +differs from + +Al. kernensis + +in exhibiting more strongly developed nuchal crests, which obscure the occipital condyles in dorsal view, a jugal that extends posteriorly to the level of the glenoid fossa, and a proportionally deeper mandible, and from + +Al. sadoensis + +in retaining an M +2 +. + +Allodesmus demerei + +further differs from all other + +Allodesmus + +in possessing a dorsally prominent and sharply triangular postorbital process, lacking postcanine diastemata, exhibiting a posteriorly elongate neural spine of the axis that overhangs C3, and a transversely expanded and dorsoventrally flattened anterior half of the manubrium. + + + + +Holotype + +: +UWBM 75640 +, a partial articulated skeleton including skull and mandible missing all teeth other than right P +1 +, hyoid bones, vertebral column (C1– +T13 +), ribs, and manubrium. Collected + +26–27 September 1984 + +, by +P. K. Bigelow +and colleagues. + + + +Type locality and stratigraphic context +: + +University of Washington-Burke Museum +locality C0343, + +140 m + +above the base of the lower member of the +Montesano Formation +exposed in bank of +Canyon River +near +Grays Harbor, WA +, +USA +; +upper Miocene +, 10.5–9.1 +Mya +in age based on paleomagnetism ( +Tortonian +equivalent; +Prothero +& +Lau +, 2001). +More +detailed locality information is available on request from +UWBM +to qualified researchers + +. + + +Tentatively referred specimen +: UWBM 109823, left humerus missing the head, collected by M. S. Kelly from the lower Montesano Formation along the bank of the west fork of the Satsop River near Swinging Bridge Park, Grays Harbor County, WA, +USA +. More detailed locality information is available on request from UWBM to qualified researchers. + + + + +DESCRIPTION + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/BC/E8/03BCE806FF97FFD9B4A7FA1792649433.xml b/data/03/BC/E8/03BCE806FF97FFD9B4A7FA1792649433.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8db76e85d87 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/BC/E8/03BCE806FF97FFD9B4A7FA1792649433.xml @@ -0,0 +1,72 @@ + + + +The last of the desmatophocid seals: a new species of Allodesmus from the upper Miocene of Washington, USA, and a revision of the taxonomy of Desmatophocidae + + + +Author + +Boessenecker, Robert W. + + + +Author + +Churchill, Morgan + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +184 + + +211 +235 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +DE5001F-A4BE-4A43-84A4-AEA693B3FA14 + + + + + +ORDER + +CARNIVORA +BOWDITCH +, 1821 + + + + +CLADE +PINNIPEDIA + +ILLIGER +, 1811 + + + + + +FAMILIY + +DESMATOPHOCIDAE + +HAY +, 1930 + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/C5/BF/03C5BF3CC000FFBE4118FA9BD681FABB.xml b/data/03/C5/BF/03C5BF3CC000FFBE4118FA9BD681FABB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..ffcfa438a98 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/C5/BF/03C5BF3CC000FFBE4118FA9BD681FABB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,367 @@ + + + +Molecular phylogeny and revision of the false violin spiders (Araneae: Drymusidae) of Africa + + + +Author + +Labarque, Facundo M. + + + +Author + +Pérez-González, Abel + + + +Author + +Griswold, Charles E. + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +183 + + +390 +430 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +A38A09D-3C0C-43DB-B355-4952C4BB4B0D + + + + + + +IZITHUNZI +LINA + + + +SP +. +NOV +. + + + + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +269AB044-0E94-4F7A- 9A18-CEEA44D74686 + + + + + +( + +FIGS +5 + +, +7 +, +10–12 +, +14 +, +16 +, +17 +) + + +Type material: + +Holotype +: +♀ +from +South Africa +, +Western Cape Province +, +Overberg DC +, +Fernkloof Nature Reserve +, +3.98 km +90° E +Hermanus +, +−34.412683 +, +19.288350 +, + +13 October 2011 + +, elev. + +14 m + +, general collecting at wet, mossy cliff and caves, +L. Almeida +, +C. Griswold +cols., preparation codes FML-01103 and FML-01351-01352 [ +♀ +], deposited in +NMBA + +. + +Paratypes +: +♂ +, same data as the type, preparation codes FML-01152 and FML-01353 [ +♂ +], +NMBA + +; + +2♀ +, same data, +CAS +( +CASENT9043225 +) + +; + +♂ +and +three immatures +, same locality, + +2.81 km +43° NE Hermanus + +, +−34.394617 +, +19.266117 +, + +12 October 2011 + +, elev. + +97 m + +, general collecting at night in riparian vegetation, +L. Almeida +, +C. Griswold +, +T + +. + +Meikle +, +V + +. + +Hamilton-Attwell +cols., +CAS +( +CASENT9043181 +) + +. + + +Further material examined: + +One immature +, same city, +Kogelberg Nature Reserve +, [ +−34.292400 +, +18.919390 +], + +5 July 2007 + +, UGB Forest, ‘banc hand’, technician students cols., NCP (2008/4425) + +. + + +Etymology: +The specific name is a name in apposition to honour our friend and fellow arachnologist +Lina Maria Almeida-Silva +, who collected part of the +type +series. + + +Diagnosis: +Females of + +I. lina + +sp. nov. +resemble those of + +I. capense + +comb. nov. +by the epigastrium protruded, the inner and outer spermathecae separated and the uterus externus extending beyond the vulval plates anterior borders ( +Figs 7 +, +10 +, +13 +, +16 +), but it can be distinguished by the epigastrium densely covered with long, thick and dark setae, and the vulval plates pressed together anteriorly squeezing the uterus externus ( +Figs 7 +, +10 +, +16 +), whereas + +I. capense + +comb. nov. +has thin setae on the epigastrium and separated vulval plates ( +Figs 7 +, +10 +, +13 +). Males of + +I. lina + +sp. nov. +resemble those of + +I. capense + +comb. nov. +by having the cheliceral fang promarginally and distally excavated, and the pro- and retromarginal cheliceral teeth close to the base of the fang extremely modified, enlarged and flattened, which fit in the fang’s excavation ( +Fig. 14 +), but it can be distinguished by having an indented transition between the base and apex of the copulatory bulb, and the apex two times longer than the base, heavily sclerotized, and with a broad tip ( +Fig. 16 +), whereas + +I. capense + +comb. nov. +presents a smooth transition between the base and apex, and the apex 1½ times longer than the base with an acute and slightly curved tip ( +Fig. 13 +). + + + + +Figure 15. + +Izithunzi capense + +comb. nov. + +, preserved specimens (♀, A, B CASENT-9023625; ♂, C, D CASENT-9021768; immature, E, F MNHN AR-1326 +holotype +). A–D, habitus (A, C, E, dorsal; B, D, F, ventral). Scale bar: A–D, 2 mm; E, F, 0.5 mm. + + + +Description female (Fernkloof Nature Reserve: Habitus and measurements NMBA): +Total length 12.4. Prosoma: length 5.2, width 3.36, height 3.08. Sternum: length 2.6, width 1.79. Leg measurements: femur: I: 13.65, II: 11.7, III: 9.4, IV: 12.02; patella: I: 1.4, II: 1.48, III: 1.48, IV: 1.41; tibia: I: 12.65, II: 10.3, III: 7.76, IV: 10.3; metatarsus: I: 13.15, II: 10.9, III: 8.64, IV: 10.9; tarsus: I: 1.88, II: 1.76, III: 1.76, IV: 2.37; podotarsite: I: 0.21, II: 0.22, III: 0.19, IV: 0.25; total: I: 42.94, II: 36.36, III: 29.23, IV: 37.25. Leg formula: 1423. Opisthosoma: Length 7.6, width 3.46, height 3.02. Thoracic area lateral margins and central V-shaped pattern darkish, forming a continuum ( +Fig. 17 +). Chelicerae promargin with five bracket setae and a row of seven macrosetae against the triangular lamina. Labium dun, reddish at narrow area and white at apex ( +Fig. 17 +). Sternum dun ( +Fig. 17 +). Femora and tibiae dun, patellae, metatarsi and tarsi tan ( +Fig. 17 +). Opisthosoma colour overall dark brown forming thick chevrons extending anteriorly ( +Fig. 17 +). Chevrons well-spaced anteriorly, clustered posteriorly, the first two forming a continuum ( +Fig. 17 +). Anterior plate heavily sclerotized, and both vulval plates curved anteriorly ( +Fig. 16 +). Both spermathecae oval ( +Fig. 16 +). + + +Description male (Fernkloof Nature Reserve: Habitus and measurements NMBA): +Total length 8.56. Prosoma: length 4.2, width 3.14, height 2.27. Sternum: length 2.22, width 1.59. Leg measurements: femur: I: 12.52, II: 11.2, III: 8.96, IV: 11.0; patella: I: 1.23, II: 1.16, III: 1.16, IV: 1.18; tibia: I: 11.2, II: 9.44, III: 7.52, IV: 9.5; metatarsus: I: 12.0, II: 9.1, III: 8.32, IV: 10.5; tarsus: I: 1.84, II: 1.73, III: lost, IV: 2.22; podotarsite: I: 0.16, II: 0.23, III: lost, IV: 0.16; total: I: 38.9, II: 32.86, III: 25.96 (without tarsus-podotarsite), IV: 34.56. Leg formula: 1423. Opisthosoma: length 4.2, width 2.32, height 2.06. Male pedipalp: femur: 1.1, patella: 0.37, tibia: 0.89, tarsus: 0.44. Coloration as in female ( +Fig. 17 +). Chelicerae promargin with four bracket setae, and a row of six to seven macrosetae against the triangular lamina ( +Fig. 15 +). Epiandrous spigots arising in five bunches from isolated pits ( +Fig. 17 +). Pedipalpal prolateral femoral thorn distally acute ( +Fig. 16 +); femora narrow (L ≤ 3.5× W); tibiae swollen, longer than width (L <2× W) ( +Fig. 16 +). Copulatory bulb apex elongated and broad distally ( +Fig. 16 +). In addition, the copulatory bulb apex appears straight in lateral view (both pro- and prolateral) and slightly curved in apical view (i.e. of the cymbium) ( +Fig. 16 +). + + + + +Figure 16. + +Izithunzi lina + +sp. nov. + +, copulatory organs (♀, A–C NMBA; ♂, D–F NMBA). A, external female genitalia (ventral). B, C, vulva (B, dorsal; C, lateral). D–F, right pedipalp [D, prolateral; E, retrolateral; F, apical (corner, tip detail, retrolateral)]. Abbreviations: ant., anterior; ext., externus; post., posterior; recep., receptacle; sp., spermathecae. Scale bar: A, F, 2.5 mm; D, E, 0.5 mm; B, 0.2 mm; C, 0.1 mm. + + + + + +Figure 17. + +Izithunzi lina + +sp. nov. + +, preserved specimens (♀, A–C NMBA; ♂, D–F NMBA). A–F, habitus (A, D, dorsal; B, E, lateral; C, F, ventral). Scale bar: A–F, 2 mm. + + + +Distribution: +Western Cape Province +, +South Africa +, Fernkloof Nature Reserve, from Fernkloof east to Hermanus ( +Fig. 5 +; Supporting Information, +Fig. S1 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/C5/BF/03C5BF3CC005FFBD4311FAAFD7ABF9BC.xml b/data/03/C5/BF/03C5BF3CC005FFBD4311FAAFD7ABF9BC.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0d534c95b28 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/C5/BF/03C5BF3CC005FFBD4311FAAFD7ABF9BC.xml @@ -0,0 +1,435 @@ + + + +Molecular phylogeny and revision of the false violin spiders (Araneae: Drymusidae) of Africa + + + +Author + +Labarque, Facundo M. + + + +Author + +Pérez-González, Abel + + + +Author + +Griswold, Charles E. + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +183 + + +390 +430 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +A38A09D-3C0C-43DB-B355-4952C4BB4B0D + + + + + + + +IZITHUNZI +PRODUCTUM + +( + +PURCELL +, 1904 + +) + + + +COMB +. +NOV +. + + + + + + + +( + +FIGS +5 + +, +9 +, +11 +, +18–20 +) + + + + + + + +Drymusa producta + +Purcell, 1904: 153 + + + +, pl. 11, fig. 26 [ +♀ +] [ +3♀ +syntypes +( +SAMC 7905 +) from +South Africa +, +Western Cape Province +, +Swellendam +, mountainside forest, + +[ +−34.025708 + +, + +20.438125 +] + +, + +August 1900 + +, +W. Purcell +col., not examined]. + + + + + +Remarks: +Whereas we have not examined the +syntypes +of this species, the key, description and illustrations provided by +Purcell (1904: 152–154) +leave no doubt as to the species identity. Unfortunately, no +topotypes +were available either. + + +Materialexamined: + +♀ +and +♂ +,fromSouthAfrica, +Western Cape Province +, +South +Cape +DC, +Grootvadersbosch Nature Reserve +, + +14.97 km +316° NE Heidelberg + +, +−33.983733 +, +20.831967 +, + +17 October 2011 + +, elev. + +338 m + +, indigenous forest, general collecting, +L. Almeida +, +C. Griswold +, +T + +. + +Meikle +cols., preparation codes FML-01090, FML-01101-01102 and FML-01109-01115 [ +♀ +] and FML-01091-01092 and FML-01116 [ +♂ +], deposited in +CAS +( +CASENT9043066 +) + +; + +♂ +and +♀ +, same data, +CAS +( +CASENT9043050 +) + +; + +2♂ +, +2♀ +and +one immature +, same data, +CAS +( +CASENT9043067 +) + +; + +♀ +and +♂ +, same data, +CAS +( +CASENT9053373 +) + +; + +♂ +, same locality, +Bushbuck Trail +( +Fonteintjiesbos +), +−33.985000 +, +20.808333 +, + +26 January–February 2004 + +, elev. + +370 m + +, young afromontane forest, +flight intercept trap +, +N. Solodovnikov +et al +. cols., +FMNH +(2004/011) + +; + +2♀ +, same locality, + +20 km +WNW Heidelberg + +, +−33.999999 +, +20.783333 +, + +8–10 November 1985 + +, elev. + +1600 ft + +, indigenous forest, +C. Griswold +, +J. Doyen +, +T + +. + +Meikle Griswold +cols., +NMSA + +; + +2♂ +, +4♀ +and +three immatures +, same data, +NMSA + +. + + + + +Figure 18. + +Izithunzi productum + +comb. nov. + +, copulatory organs (♀, A–C CASENT-9043066; ♂, D–F CASENT-9043066). A, external female genitalia (ventral). B, C, vulva (B, dorsal; C, ventral). D–F, left pedipalp (D, prolateral; E, retrolateral; F, apical). Abbreviations: ant., anterior; ext., externus; int., integrated; recep., receptacle; sp., spermathecae. Scale bar: A, 0.25 mm; D–F, 0.2 mm; C, 0.1 mm; B, 0.09 mm. + + + + + +Figure 19. + +Izithunzi productum + +comb. nov. + +, female vulva (♀, A–C CASENT-9043066). A, dorsal. B, lateral, right. Abbreviations: ant., anterior; ext., externus; int., integrated; recep., receptacle; sclero., sclerotization; sp., spermathecae. Scale bar: B, 0.05 mm. + + + +Diagnosis: +Females of + +I. productum + +comb. nov. +resemble those of + +I. silvicola + +comb. nov. +by the inner and outer spermathecae clustered, and the integrated plate ( +Figs 4D +, +18 +, +19 +, +21 +), but can be distinguished by the epigastrium posterior border covered with small, dark, thick setae, the lateral sclerotized grooves almost touching each other, the dorsal receptaculum lacking muscle insertions and completely integrated to the (posterior) plate and the anterior ridge conspicuous ( +Figs 18 +, +19 +), whereas + +I. silvicola + +comb. nov. +lacks the thick setae on the epigastrium, has separated lateral grooves, partially integrated dorsal receptaculum that present muscle insertions and diffused anterior ridge ( +Figs 4D +, +10 +, +21 +). Males of + +I. productum + +comb. nov. +can be distinguished from other + +Izithunzi + +by the apex of the copulatory bulb as long as the base (1:1) with a laminar truncated tip ( +Fig. 18 +). + + +Redescription female (Grootvadersbosch Nature Reserve: Habitus, SEM CASENT 9043066; Measurements CASENT 9053373): +Total length 5.65. Prosoma: length 2.75, width 1.82, height 1.81. Sternum: length 1.42, width 1.03. Leg measurements: femur: I: 4.85, II: 4.08, III: 3.39, IV: 4.68; patella: I: 0.72, II: 0.8, III: 0.68, IV: 0.73; tibia: I: 5.0, II: 3.88, III: 2.9, IV: 4.36; metatarsus: I: 4.28, II: 3.56, III: 3.0, IV: 4.12; tarsus: I: 1.14, II: 1.05, III: 1.0, IV: 1.26; podotarsite: I: 0.09, II: 0.09, III: 0.11, IV: 0.08; total: I: 16.08, II: 13.46, III: 11.08, IV: 15.23. Leg formula: 1243. Opisthosoma: length 4.0, width 2.7, height 2.57. Chelicerae promargin with four bracket setae, and a row of six macrosetae against the triangular lamina. Labium dun, reddish at narrow area and white at apex ( +Fig. 20 +). Pedipalpal prolateral femoral thorn thick, distally blunt. Sternum dun ( +Fig. 20 +). Femora and tibiae dun, patellae, metatarsi and tarsi tan ( +Fig. 20 +). Opisthosoma colour overall dark brown, smooth, without chevrons ( +Fig. 20 +). Inner spermathecae oval, basally sclerotized ( +Figs 18 +, +19 +). Outer spermathecae tetrahedral ( +Figs 18 +, +19 +). Inner spermathecae duct opening to the integrated plate anteriorly, next to the outer spermathecae ( +Figs 18 +, +19 +). + + +Description male (Grootvadersbosch Nature Reserve: Habitus, SEM CASENT 9043066; Measurements CASENT 9053373): +(Note: Here, we provide the first description of the male of this species.) Total length 4.95. Prosoma: length 2.26, width 1.7, height 1.2. Sternum: length 1.14, width 0.9. Leg measurements: femur: I: 5.05, II: 4.32, III: 3.44, IV: 4.65; patella: I: 0.6, II: 0.62, III: 0.59, IV: 0.62; tibia: I 5.3, II: 4.12, III: 3.11, IV: 4.45; metatarsus: I: 4.75, II: 3.8, III: 3.11, IV: 4.3; tarsus: I: 1.2, II: 1.15, III: 1.04, IV: 1.32; podotarsite: I: 0.07, II: 0.09, III: 0.1, IV: 0.11; total: I: 16.97, II: 14.1, III: 11.39, IV: 15.45. Leg formula: 1243. Opisthosoma: length 2.52, width 1.46, height 1.41. Male pedipalp: femur: 0.74, patella: 0.22, tibia: 0.57, tarsus: 0.27. Coloration lighter than in female, V-shaped pattern reduced ( +Fig. 20 +). Chelicerae promargin also with four bracket setae. Epiandrous spigots arising in four bunches from isolated pits. Pedipalpal prolateral femoral thorn also thick and distally blunt as in females ( +Fig. 18 +); femora narrow (L ≤ 3.5× W); tibiae swollen, longer than width (L <2× W) ( +Fig. 18 +). Copulatory bulb apex short and truncated distally ( +Fig. 18 +). In addition, the copulatory bulb apex appears slightly curved in lateral (both pro- and prolateral) and apical views ( +Fig. 18 +). + + + + +Figure 20. + +Izithunzi productum + + + +comb. nov +. + +, preserved specimens (♀, A–C CASENT-9043066; ♂, D–F CASENT-9043066). A–F, habitus (A–D, dorsal; B–E, lateral; C–F, ventral). Scale bar: A–F, 1 mm. + + + +D i s t r i b u t i o n: +We s t e r n C a p e P r o v i n c e, S o u t h Africa, Langeberg Mountains from Swellendam to Grootvadersbosch and surroundings ( +Fig. 5 +; Supporting Information, +Fig. S1 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/C5/BF/03C5BF3CC006FF804319F9AFD601FABB.xml b/data/03/C5/BF/03C5BF3CC006FF804319F9AFD601FABB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..da85fb79cd0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/C5/BF/03C5BF3CC006FF804319F9AFD601FABB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,669 @@ + + + +Molecular phylogeny and revision of the false violin spiders (Araneae: Drymusidae) of Africa + + + +Author + +Labarque, Facundo M. + + + +Author + +Pérez-González, Abel + + + +Author + +Griswold, Charles E. + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +183 + + +390 +430 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +A38A09D-3C0C-43DB-B355-4952C4BB4B0D + + + + + + + +IZITHUNZI +SILVICOLA + +( + +PURCELL +, 1904 + +) + + + +COMB +. +NOV +. + + + + + + + +( + +FIGS +3D–F + +, +4D +, +5 +, +7 +, +8–11 +, +21 +, +22 +) + + + + + + + +Drymusa silvicola + +Purcell, 1904: 152 + + + +, pl. 11, figs 24, 25 [ +♀ +] [ +♂ +, +2♀ +and +three immature +syntypes +( +SAMC 871 +) from +South Africa +, +Western Cape Province +, +Knysna +, [ + +− +34.035086 + +, + +23.046469 + +], + +March 1896 + +, +W. Purcell +col., not examined]. + + + + + +Remarks: +Whereas we have not examined the +syntypes +of this species, the key, description and illustrations provided by +Purcell (1904: 152–154) +and the examination of +topotypes +leave no doubt as to the species identity. + + +Material examined: + +4♀ +and +eight immatures +from +South Africa +, +Western Cape Province +, +Knysna +, [ + +− +34.033333 + +, + +23.033333 + +], + +October 1946 + +, +Malkin +col., preparation codes APG-00002 [ +♀ +] and APG-00063 [ +♀ +], +CAS +( +CASENT9021765 +) + +; + +two immatures +, same locality, +Industrial Area +, [ + +− +34.044894 + +, + +23.077147 + +]), + +3 February 1991 + +, collected in big tree, +V + +. + +Roth +col., +CAS +( +CASENT9048598 +) + +; + +2♂ +and +2♀ +, same province, +Harkerville State Forest +, + +19 km +E Knysna + +, −34.05, 23.233333, + +11–13 December 1996 + +, elev. + +240 m + +, +C. Griswold +col., indigenous forest, preparation codes FML-00548-00549 [ +♂ +] and FML-00558 [ +♀ +], deposited in +CAS +( +CASENT9021766 +) + +; + +2♂ +, +3♀ +and +11 immatures +, same data, +CAS +( +CASENT9048601 +) + +; + +♂ +, same data, preparation codes FML-01008- 01009 and FML-01117, +CAS +( +CASENT9048600 +) + +; + +♀ +, same data, +CAS +( +CASENT 9053369 +) + +; + +♀ +, same data, +CAS +( +CASENT9053371 +) + +; + +♀ +, same data, +CAS +( +CASENT 9053372 +) + +; + +♂ +, same data, +CAS +( +CASENT 9053367 +) + +; + +♂ +, same data, +CAS +( +CASENT9053370 +) + +; + +one immature +, same data, +CAS +( +CASENT 9053368 +) + +; + +one immature +, same data, +CAS +( +CASENT9053374 +) + +; + +ten immature, same data, +CAS +( +CASENT9048601 +) + +; + +2♀ +and +two immatures +, same data, +CAS +( +CASENT9021766 +) + +; + +♀ +and +two immatures +, same data, forest, hand collecting, night, +P. Sierwald +col., +FMNH + +; + +5♀ +, same province, +Kranshoek +, + +20 km +E Knysna + +, +−34.0833 +, +23.2333 +, + +13 December 1996 + +, elev. + +180 m + +, indigenous forest, +C. Griswold +col., +CAS +( +CASENT9021764 +) + +; + +♀ +, same data, forest, hand collecting, night, +P. Sierwald +col., +FMNH + +; + +♀ +, same province, +Diepwalle Forest Station +, + +22 km +NE Knysna + +, +−33.948599 +, +23.157369 +, + +10–13 January 1985 + +, elev. + +1800 ft. + +, indigenous forest in holes in tree trucks, +C. Griswold +, +T + +. + +Meikle Griswold +cols., preparation codes FML-01002- 01007 and FML-01011-01012, +CAS +( +CASENT9048599 +) + +; + +♂ +, +5♀ +and +three immatures +, same data, + +11–13 November 1985 + +, indigenous forest, +C. Griswold +, +J. Doyen +, +T + +. + +Meikle Griswold +cols., +NMSA + +; + +♀ +, same data, +NMSA + +; + +4♀ +and +two immatures +, same data, + +10–13 November 1985 + +, in holes tree trunks in indigenous forest, +C. Griswold +, +T + +. + +Meikle Griswold +cols., +NMSA + +; + +♀ +and +two immatures +, same data, + +11–13 December 1996 + +, elev. + +540 m + +, +C. Griswold +col., +CAS +( +CASENT9021761 +) + +; + +three immatures +, +Eastern Cape Province +, +Tsitsikamma National Park +, + +78 km +E Knysna + +, +−34.023483 +, +23.890333 +, + +17–18 February 2006 + +, elev. + +15 m + +, coastal forest, +J. Miller +, +H. Wood +cols., +CAS +( +CASENT9023643 +) + +. + + +Diagnosis: +Females of + +I. silvicola + +comb. nov. +resemble those of + +I. productum + +comb. nov. +by the inner and outer spermathecae clustered, and the integrated plate ( +Figs 10 +, +18 +, +19 +, +21 +), but can be distinguished by the epigastrium and postepigastrium plates, the dorsal receptaculum with muscle insertions and partially integrated to the (posterior) plate and the anterior ridge diffuse ( +Figs 4D +, +21 +), while + +I. productum + +comb. nov. +lacks both epigastrium and postepigastrium plates, has an integrated dorsal receptaculum without muscle insertions and conspicuous anterior ridge ( +Figs 18 +, +19 +). Males of + +I. silvicola + +comb. nov. +can be distinguished from other + +Izithunzi + +by the pedipalp elongated, the ventral condyle of the patella-tibiae joint not projecting prolaterally, cymbium swollen (L ≤ 1.5× W) and 1.5 times longer than the base of the copulatory bulb, and the apex more than three times longer than the base ( +Fig. 21 +). + + +Redescription female (Harkerville State Forest: Habitus CASENT 9021766; SEM CASENT 9043066; Measurements CASENT 9053369): +Total length 8.8. Prosoma: length 3.49, width 2.67, height 2.18. Sternum: length 1.76, width 1.45. Leg measurements: femur: I: 9.8, II: 8.0, III: 6.74, IV: 8.72; patella: I: 0.82, II: 0.93, III: 0.92, IV: 0.97; tibia: I 9.44, II: 7.12, III: 5.85, IV: 8.4; metatarsus: I: 9.36, II: 7.6, III: 5.61, IV: 8.24; tarsus: I: 1.54, II: 1.48, III: 1.46, IV: 1.92; podotarsite: I: 0.12, II: 0.15, III: 0.14, IV: 0.14; total: I: 31.08, II: 25.28, III: 20.72, IV: 28.39. Leg formula: 1423. Opisthosoma: length 5.25, width 2.42, height 2.95. Chelicerae promargin with six bracket setae ( +Fig. 3D +), and a row of seven macrosetae against the triangular lamina. Cheliceral retromargin with an extra small tooth, next to the apical tooth on the cheliceral furrow. Labium dun, reddish at narrow area and white at apex ( +Figs 8 +, +22 +). Pedipalpal prolateral femoral thorn thick, distally blunt ( +Fig. 3F +). Sternum dun ( +Fig. 22 +). Femora and tibiae dun, patellae, metatarsi and tarsi tan ( +Fig. 22 +). Opisthosoma colour overall dark brown, smooth, without chevrons ( +Fig. 22 +). Epigastrium plate extending posteriorly beyond middle of opisthosoma, covered with thin setae ( +Fig. 21 +). Postepigastrium plate triangular, swollen, just below the epigastric furrow ( +Fig. 21 +). Lateral sclerotized grooves conspicuous, well defined, associated with the postepigastrium plate ( +Fig. 21 +). Inner spermathecae oval. Outer spermathecae tetrahedral ( +Fig. 21 +). Inner spermathecae duct opening to the integrated plate anteriorly, next to the outer spermathecae ( +Fig. 21 +). + + +Redescription male (Harkerville State Forest: Habitus CASENT 9021766; SEM and leg measurements CASENT 9048600; Body measurements CASENT 9053367): +Total length 5.93. Prosoma: length 2.73, width 1.98, height 1.39. Sternum: length 1.48, width 1.2. Leg measurements: femur: I: 11.7, II: 9.7, III: 7.6, IV: 9.8; patella: I: 0.86, II: 0.89, III: 0.83, IV: 0.92; tibia: I 11.5, II: 9.12, III: 6.92, IV: 9.3; metatarsus: I: 12.65, II: 9.9, III: 7.6, IV: 9.9; tarsus: I: 1.67, II: 1.6, III: 1.59, IV: 2.2; podotarsite: I: 0.14, II: 0.12, III: 0.19, IV: 0.16; total: I: 38.52, II: 31.33, III: 24.73, IV: 32.28. Leg formula: 1423. Opisthosoma: length 3.3, width 1.43, height 1.31. Male pedipalp: femur: 2.02, patella: 0.69, tibia: 1.04, tarsus: 0.47. Coloration lighter than in female, thoracic area pattern reduced, V-shaped mark narrower ( +Fig. 21D–F +). Epiandrous spigots arising in three bunches from isolated pits. Pedipalpal prolateral femoral thorn distally acute and longer than in females; femora elongated (L> 4× W); tibiae thin (L> 2.5× W) ( +Fig. 21 +). Copulatory bulb apex elongated ( +Fig. 21 +). In addition, the copulatory bulb apex appears slightly curved in lateral (both pro- and prolateral) and apical views ( +Fig. 21 +). + + + + +Figure 21. + +Izithunzi silvicola + +comb. nov. + +, copulatory organs (♀, A CASENT-9021766; ♀, B–C CASENT-9021765; ♂, D–F CASENT-9021766). A, external female genitalia (ventral). B, C, vulva (B, dorsal; C, ventral). D, E, left pedipalp (D, prolateral; E, retrolateral). F, bulb, detail (F, ventral). Abbreviations: ant., anterior; epi., epigastrium; int., integrated; pepi., postepigastrium; recep., receptacle; sp., spermathecae. Scale bar: A, D, E, 0.5 mm; B, C, 0.2 mm. + + + + + +Figure 22. + +Izithunzi silvicola + +comb. nov. + +, preserved specimens (♀, A–C CASENT-9021766; ♂, D–F CASENT-9021766). A–F, habitus (A–D, dorsal; B–E, lateral; C–F ventral). Scale bar: A–F, 1 mm (B, E, images mirrored). + + + +Distribution: +Western and +Eastern Cape +Provinces, +South Africa +, in Knysna-Amatola montane forests ( +Fig. 5 +; Supporting Information, +Fig. S1 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/C5/BF/03C5BF3CC016FFB14136FCBCD3C4FE4B.xml b/data/03/C5/BF/03C5BF3CC016FFB14136FCBCD3C4FE4B.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..abc0b1d7d08 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/C5/BF/03C5BF3CC016FFB14136FCBCD3C4FE4B.xml @@ -0,0 +1,359 @@ + + + +Molecular phylogeny and revision of the false violin spiders (Araneae: Drymusidae) of Africa + + + +Author + +Labarque, Facundo M. + + + +Author + +Pérez-González, Abel + + + +Author + +Griswold, Charles E. + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +183 + + +390 +430 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +A38A09D-3C0C-43DB-B355-4952C4BB4B0D + + + + + +GENUS + +IZITHUNZI + + + +GEN +. +NOV +. + + + + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +250052B4-E682-4C4C-A0B5- 463F34C3FBC1 + + + + + + +Type +species: + + +Drymusa capensis +Simon, 1893 + +. + + +S p e c i e s i n c l u d e d: I z i t h u n z i c a p e n s e +(S i m o n, 1893) comb. nov., + +I. lina + +sp. nov. +, + +I. productum +( +Purcell, 1904 +) + +comb. nov. +, + +I. silvicola +( +Purcell, 1904 +) + +comb. nov. +and + +I. zondii + +sp. nov. + + +Etymology: +The generic name means +shadows +( + +Izithunzi + +) in Xhosa, a South African Nguni language of Bantu People. It refers to the retiring nature and cryptic environments (i.e. hidden in caves’ crevices or under dense vegetation) where the members of this genus live. The name is neuter in gender. + + +Remarks: +Lehtinen (1967) +and + +Platnick +et al. +(1991) + +predicted the non-monotypy of +Drymusidae +. +Lehtinen (1967: 301) +compared the Neotropical + +Drymusa nubila +Simon, 1892 + +with the South African + +D. capensis + +(= + +I. capense + +comb. nov. +) and considered that they were not congeneric (although he took no formal action). + + +Monophyly: +Putative synapomorphies include (1) cheliceral promargin with ‘rubble teeth’ that are massive, blunt and boulder shaped ( +Fig. 3D +); (2) female with two sclerotized plates on the vulva, anterior and posterior to the uterus externus ( +Fig. 7A, B +); and (3) male with anterior stridulatory ridge plate on opisthosoma ( +Fig. 7C, D +). + + + +Diagnosis: +Izithunzi + +gen. nov. +can be distinguished from + +Drymusa + +by the boulder-shaped cheliceral promarginal rubble teeth, the female genitalia having two sclerotized plates anterior and posterior to the uterus externus and the male opisthosoma having an anterior stridulatory ridge plate. + + +Description: +Female total length between 5.65 and 15.03 and male total length between 4.95 and 12.27. Carapace reddish with distinguished dun pattern forming two central large patches making a backward-pointing V-shaped mark, each anteriorly prolonged in three longitudinal lines surrounding the eyes and laterally extending in three wavy lines; clypeus with cross-linked pattern. Cephalic area slightly more than one-half width of thoracic area. Chelicerae promargin with two massive and blunt teeth, the +rubble teeth +, usually dark under the microscope, a triangular lamina contiguous with the paturon margin with a row of several macrosetae against it and a fleshy lobe apically blunt with a basal row of several long and filiform setae, the +bracket setae +( +Figs 3D +, +8A +). Cheliceral retromargin with two rubble teeth, rarely three (see + +I. silvicola + +comb. nov. +), forming a row perpendicular to the fang furrow, apical tooth large and proximal small ( +Fig. 4A +). Chelicerae ectal margin stridulatory ridge formed by multiple shallow scales ( +Fig. 3E +). Fang venom gland outlet distal, facing anteriorly ( +Fig. 3D +). Cheliceral bases articulated with a small, sclerotized, posterior intercheliceral sclerite ( +Fig. 8B +). Venom gland extending into carapace ( +Fig. 8C +). Endites longer than wide, bending prolaterally and converging in front of the labium, fleshy apical profiles almost touching each other ( +Fig. 8D +). Labium trapezoidal, longer than wide, narrowed close to the acute apical margin and partially separated from sternum by a membranous suture ( +Figs 8 +, +9 +). Maxillary gland pore field clumped ( +Fig. 8 +). Labral tongue apically concave, with dorsal setae ( +Fig. 8 +). Pedipalpal claw reduced to a nubbin, distal tarsus with four prolateral macrosetae curved distally, and basal femur with prolateral thorn that might be distally acute or blunt ( +Fig. 3F +). Sternum oval, longer than wide, bordered ( +Fig. 9 +). Precoxal triangles fused to sternum ( +Fig. 9 +). Legs tan dappled with dun. Proclaws I–II clearly bipectinate with longer teeth on the prolateral row; retroclaws I–II with prolateral tooth row ( +Fig. 3A +). Foot articulated, closed podotarsite with one subdivision, distal hood covering the base of the superior claws, with distal-ventral frictional setae ( +Fig. 3A, B +). Tarsal organ exposed, ovoid and with three receptor-cell dendrite terminals (sensilla) ( +Fig. 9 +). Metatarsal trichobothria opening distal margin entire; proximal and distal plates of trichobothria smooth, not well differentiated, distal plate contiguous with the surrounding cuticle; sculpture on basal expansion of trichobothrial setae smooth ( +Fig. 9 +). Metatarsi III– IV with dense brush of apical ventral setae ( +Fig. 4B +). Pedicel lorum triangular, not transversely divided, narrowed posteriorly to a pointed end, without slit sensilla stripes ( +Fig. 9 +). Pedicel sternites and pleurites separated. Opisthosoma colour overall dark brown with or without chevrons. Epigastrium posterior border with two small, lateral, sclerotized grooves, which seemingly provide a guide for the copulatory bulb apex (see at end of paragraph) to enter into the vulva. Epigastrium and postepigastrium on the external genital area may be heavily sclerotized, forming the +epigastrium plate +and the +postepigastrium plate +, respectively (see + +I. silvicola + +comb. nov. +). Postepigastric foveae absent from abdominal venter (present in many + +Scytodes + +and some Neotropical + +Drymusa + +). Vulva with an anterior pair of spermathecae (inner), each connected to the uterus externus through a duct ( +Figs 4D +, +7 +, +10A–C +), an anterior sclerotized plate with a second pair of spermathecae (outer) and a posterior sclerotized plate with two dorsal receptacula ( +Figs 7 +, +10A–C +). Inner spermatheca larger than outer, its duct may open far from (separated, +Figs 10A, B +) or directly next to the latter (clustered, +Figs 4D +, +10C +). Outer spermathecae and dorsal receptaculum may provide opisthosomal muscle insertions ( +Fig. 10C +). Spermathecae and dorsal receptaculum with ductless glands well spaced or in patches of two to many glands ( +Figs 4D +, +7 +, +10A–C +). Sclerotized plates may be separated from each other surrounding the uterus externus ( +Figs 7A +, +10A +), pressed together anteriorly squeezing the uterus externus ( +Figs 7B +, +10B +) or completely integrated with the uterus externus forming a unit, the +integrated plate +( +Figs 10 +). Integrated plate may present a conspicuous or diffuse anterior longitudinal middle ridge ( +Fig. 10C +) forming a sort of crest, which extends across the plate. Uterus externus may or may not extend beyond the vulval plate anterior borders (compare + +I. capense + +comb. nov. +against + +I. zondii + +sp. nov. +). Tracheal spiracle wide, separated from spinnerets ( +Fig. 11 +). Third opisthosomal entapophyses fused, forming a long median trachea ( +Fig. 3C +). Colulus well defined, ovoid and posteriorly narrowed ( +Fig. 11 +). Anterior lateral spinnerets ( +ALS +) with three articles ( +Fig. 11 +). +ALS +with two major ampullate gland spigots (MaAm) and a separated field of several piriform (Pi) gland spigots ( +Fig. 11 +). Posterior median spinnerets ( +PMS +) tetrahedral with basal straight and plumose setae on anteromedian surface, a single aciniform gland spigot (Ac), and a field of spicules on mesal surface +Fig. 11 +. Posterior lateral spinnerets ( +PLS +) conical, with several aciniform gland spigots ( +Fig. 11 +). Male markings as in female. Opisthosoma with an anterior sclerotized plate with stridulatory ridge, dorsally facing posterior prosoma ( +Fig. 7 +). Epiandrous spigots arising in several bunches from isolated pits ( +Fig. 12 +). Male with spinnerets as in female but differs in having the +PLS +with one aciniform gland spigot instead of several spigots ( +Fig. 11 +). Male pedipalp with prolateral femoral thorns as in females ( +Fig. 13 +). Patella-tibia joint dicondylic, ventral condyle heavily sclerotized, projecting prolaterally, arthrodial membrane broad prolaterally, occupying one third of patella ( +Figs 12 +, +13 +); these modifications on the articulation seem to allow a prolateral movement to the tibia. Femora narrow (L ≤ 3.5× W) to elongated (L> 4× W). Tibiae swollen (L <2× W) to thin (L> 2.5× W) (compare + +I. capense + +comb. nov. +against + +I. silvicola + +comb. nov. +). Cymbium as long as wide to swollen (L ≤ 1.5× W), apically blunt, and as long as or 1.5 times longer than the copulatory bulb base (compare + +I. capense + +comb. nov. +against + +I.silvicola + +comb. nov. +). Copulatory bulb presenting one non-expandable piriform sclerite (subtegulum, tegulum and embolus fused). Base (subtegulum + tegulum) showing the sperm duct. Apex (embolus) as long as to more than three times longer than the base, laminated, slightly curved and implanted prolaterally (compare + +I. productum + +comb. nov. +against + +I. silvicola + +comb. nov. +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/C5/BF/03C5BF3CC03BFF8643E4FA94D29EFC71.xml b/data/03/C5/BF/03C5BF3CC03BFF8643E4FA94D29EFC71.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..01c5f6abdeb --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/C5/BF/03C5BF3CC03BFF8643E4FA94D29EFC71.xml @@ -0,0 +1,280 @@ + + + +Molecular phylogeny and revision of the false violin spiders (Araneae: Drymusidae) of Africa + + + +Author + +Labarque, Facundo M. + + + +Author + +Pérez-González, Abel + + + +Author + +Griswold, Charles E. + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +183 + + +390 +430 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +A38A09D-3C0C-43DB-B355-4952C4BB4B0D + + + + + + +IZITHUNZI +ZONDII + + + +SP +. +NOV +. + + + + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +423DC628-2388-4C15-B69E- B020B1940BC6 + + + + + +( + +FIGS +6 + +, +8 +, +11 +, +23 +, +24 +) + + +Type material: + +Holotype +: +♀ +from +South Africa +, +KwaZulu-Natal Province +, +Indlovu DC +, +Natal Karkloof +, + +50 km +NNW Pietermaritzburg + +, +−29.433333 +, +30.316667 +, + +20 October 1985 + +, elev. + +4600 ft + +, forest, +C. Griswold +, +J. Doyen +, +T +. +Meikle Griswold +cols., preparation codes FML-01228-1231, 1247, 1354 [ +♀ +], deposited in +NMSA +. + + + + + +Further material examined +: + +4♀ +, same province as the +holotype +, +North Uthungulu +, iSimangaliso +Wetland Park +(label +St. Lucia +National Park +), +Fanieseiland +, camp, [ +−28.112461 +, +32.431443 +], + +24 January 1991 + +, +V + +. + +D. Roth +, +B. Roth +cols., +CAS +( +CASENT9021763 +) + +. + + + + +Figure 23. + +Izithunzi zondii + +sp. nov. + +, copulatory organs (♀, NMSA). A, external female genitalia (ventral). B–D, vulva (B, dorsal; C, ventral; D, anterior). Abbreviations: ant., anterior; ext., externus; post., posterior; recep., receptacle; sp., spermathecae. Scale bar: A, 0.5 mm; D, 0.1 mm. + + + +Etymology: +The specific name is a patronym in honour of Mathew Sibusiso Zondi, who taught author Griswold to say ‘hello’, ‘thank you’ and ‘we are collecting spiders’ in Zulu. + + +Diagnosis: +Females of + +I. zondii + +sp. nov. +resemble those of + +I. lina + +sp. nov. +by the inner and outer spermathecae separated, the vulval plates pressed together anteriorly, and the anterior plate heavily sclerotized ( +Figs 10 +, +16 +, +23 +), but can be distinguished by the anterior plate strongly curved anteriorly (inverted V shaped), the posterior plate straight and the dorsal receptaculum partially integrated to the posterior plate ( +Fig. 23 +), while + +I. lina + +sp. nov. +has anteriorly curved vulval plates and integrated dorsal receptaculum ( +Figs 10 +, +16 +). + + +Description female (Natal Karkloof: habitus and measurements NMSA): +Total length 9.04. Prosoma: length 3.84, width 2.77, height 2.2. Sternum: length 1.84, width 1.49. Leg measurements: femur: I: 10.8, II: 9.0, III: 7.52, IV: 9.4; patella: I: 1.0, II: 1.03, III: 0.99, IV: 1.02; tibia: I: 10.0, II: 7.92, III: 6.61, IV: 8.64; metatarsus: I: 9.7, II: 7.92, III: 6.74, IV: 8.64; tarsus: I: 2.02, II: 1.94, III: 1.92, IV: 2.65; podotarsite: I: 0.12, II: 0.13, III: 0.15, IV: 0.16; total: I: 33.64, II: 27.94, III: 23.93, IV: 30.51. Leg formula: 1423. Opisthosoma: length 5.75, width 3.65, height 3.84. Thoracic area lateral margins and central V-shaped pattern darkish dun, forming a continuum ( +Fig. 24 +). Chelicerae promargin with three bracket setae, and a row of seven macrosetae against the triangular lamina ( +Fig. 8 +). Labium dun, reddish at narrow area + + + +426 F. +M. LABARQUE + +ET +AL + + +. + + + + +Figure 24. + +Izithunzi zondii + +sp. nov. + +, preserved specimen (♀, NMSA). A, B, habitus (A, dorsal; B, ventral). Scale bar: A, B, 2 mm. + + + +and white at apex ( +Fig. 24 +). Sternum dun ( +Fig. 24 +). Femora and tibiae dun, patellae, metatarsi and tarsi tan. Opisthosoma colour overall dark brown forming thick chevrons extending anteriorly ( +Fig. 24 +). Chevrons well-spaced anteriorly, clustered posteriorly, the first two forming a continuum ( +Fig. 24 +). Outer spermathecae minute ( +Fig. 23 +). Inner spermathecae oval ( +Fig. 24 +). + + +Distribution: +KwaZulu-Natal Province +, +South Africa +, from Natal midlands at Karkloof to coast at iSimangaliso Wetland Park and surroundings ( +Fig. 6 +; Supporting Information, +Fig. S1 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/F2/87/03F287E18A107D607D24F2F4D9F8FAAB.xml b/data/03/F2/87/03F287E18A107D607D24F2F4D9F8FAAB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..809ab77931a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/F2/87/03F287E18A107D607D24F2F4D9F8FAAB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,354 @@ + + + +Systematic revision of the Antarctic gastropod family Newnesiidae (Heterobranchia: Cephalaspidea) with the description of a new genus and a new abyssal species + + + +Author + +Moles, Juan + + + +Author + +Avila, Conxita + + + +Author + +Malaquias, Manuel A. E. + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +183 + + +763 +775 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +27540A1-3A6B-4059-A21F-B23EB6000154 + + + + + + +NEWNESIA +ABYSSALIS + + + +SP +. +NOV +. + + + + + + + +( + +FIG +. 3A–I + +) + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +D0D2FCFF-9B8F-4451- A40B-825C19ACBA9E + + + + + +Type +locality + +: Drake Passage, + +60°39 +′ +11 +″ +S + +, + +53°56 +′ +51 +″ +W + +, +Western +Antarctica + +; +2325–2893 m +depth. + + +Diagnosis +: Shell external, globose, rather thick; apical area flattened, with large aperture. Broad cephalic shield, posterolateral cephalic lobes present. Tentacular processes absent. External sperm groove present, running laterally on right side of body from gonopore to penial aperture. Parapodia absent. Pedal gland furrow absent. Radular formula: 2.1.2. Sharp unicuspidated rachidian teeth with five to eight denticles along sides. Jaws and gizzard plates absent. Cuticularized and spinous gizzard. Male reproductive system tubular; prostate narrower, curled. Penial papilla short, unilobed. Two gills one lying on roof and one on floor of mantle cavity. Two repugnatorial glands present, one placed on left anterolateral side, the other on right posterolateral side right after mantle cavity (infrapallial lobe). + + + +Material examined ( +Fig. 1 +) + +: + +North +of the +South Scotia Ridge +, + +60°39 +′ +11 +″ +S + +, + +53°56 +′ +51 +″ +W + +, + +30 January 2002 + +, + +2889– 2893 m +depth + +, 1 spc. sequenced, +ZSM +Moll +20021145, H = +21 mm +( +holotype +). +Drake Passage +, north of +King George Island +, +South +Shetland Islands +, + +58°6 +′ +41 +″ +S + +, + +61°17 +′ +21 +″ +W + +, + +21 December 2015 + +, + +2325 m +depth + +, 1 spc. dissected and sequenced, +ZMBN 116994 +, H = +22 mm +( +paratype +) + +. + + +Etymology +: The name stems from the fact that this species was found in the upper abyssal zone. + + + +Shell ( +Fig. 3A–D +) + +: Maximum H = +22 mm +. External; thick, white, globose; aperture wide, oblique to shell axis; covering whole viscera; protoconch not-protruding; spire short; sculpture consisting of transverse lines of squared pits ( +Fig. 3D +); umbilicus absent; thin, lip unornamented, parietal callus absent; thin, translucent periostracum. + + + +External morphology ( +Fig. 3A–C +) + +: Animal beige to whitish when alive and preserved. Cephalic shield broad, thickened, trapezoidal; mouth opening lying ventrally; two large, folded, posterolateral orientated velar lobes displaying ciliated grooves; penial opening placed in right anterior notch under cephalic lobe. External sperm groove present, running laterally on right side of body from gonopore to penial pore. Tentacular processes and parapodia absent. Mantle cavity placed on right side, partially covered by shell; prominent, plicate, primary gill inside; accessory gill smaller, placed directly underneath; anus opening posteriorly on right side of body, close to edge of mantle cavity. Two repugnatorial glands present, one placed on left anterolateral side, the other on right posterolateral side right after mantle cavity (infrapallial lobe). Foot broad, protruding posteriorly body perimeter; propodium squared and slightly lobulated; metapodium oval. Pedal gland not observed. + + + +Radula ( +Fig.3E +) + +: Radular formula 28 × 2.1.2. Rachidian large, triangular; tip pointed with sharp central cusp; base large, hollow; five to eight small sharp denticles on each side curved inwards. Lateral teeth flat, thin, triangular-hook shaped with convex anterior margin; well separated from rachidian teeth. + + + + +Figure 3. + +Newnesia abyssalis + +sp. nov. + +A, dorsal view of the complete animal. B, ventral view of the complete animal. C, right lateral view of the complete animal. D, scanning electron micrograph (SEM) of shell microsculpture. E, detail of radula (SEM). F, detail of gizzard spines (SEM). G, male reproductive system (drawing). H, penial papilla (SEM). I, detail of diatoms found inside the gizzard (SEM). Abbreviations: ga, genital aperture; pr, prostate; ps, penial sheath. + + + + +Digestive tract ( +Fig. 3F +) + +: Pharynx surrounded by thick, non-striated muscle layers. Jaws absent. Salivary glands sausage shaped with narrow section, lying close to oesophagus and gizzard. Oesophagus elongate cylindrical. Gizzard plates absent; pointed, chitinous gizzard spines present. Digestive gland occupying most of visceral whorl. + + + +Male reproductive system ( +Fig. 3G, H +) + +: Tubular with narrower and slightly curled prostate. Penial region elongated, broad. Penial papilla short, unilobed, unarmed, wrinkled. + + + +Ecology ( +Fig. 3I +) + +: Known only from depths between 2325 and +2893 m +(this study). Diatoms observed inside gizzard. + + + +Distribution ( +Fig. 1 +) + +: The Drake Passage, at the north of King George Island and the Scotia Ridge. + + +Remarks +: Despite the overall similarities in shell shape between + +N. antarctica + +and + +N. abyssalis + +sp. nov. +, the latter has a less developed periostracum and a distinct microsculpture made of transverse lines with welldefined square pits ( +Figs 2D +, +3D +). Morphologically, contrary to + +N. antarctica + +, we could not observe a distinct furrow on the pedal gland of + +N. abyssalis + +sp. nov. +( +Fig. 3B +), but this needs to be further investigated with histological studies. The radula of + +N. abyssalis + +sp. nov. +is more complex with higher number of cusps in the rachidian tooth and presence of two lateral teeth ( +Fig. 3E +). The gizzard spines in + +N. abyssalis + +sp. nov. +are comparatively more developed and sharp ( +Fig. 3F +). Concerning the reproductive system, + +N. abyssalis + +sp. nov. +has a conspicuously narrower and longer prostate and a simple unilobed penial papilla ( +Fig. 3G, H +), which is bilobed in + +N. antarctica + +( +Fig. 2H +). + + +Moreover, these two species, although perhaps sympatric in some geographical areas ( +Fig. 1 +), seem to inhabit different bathymetric zones; + +N. antarctica + +apparently does not occur bellow +c. +700 m +, while + +N. abyssalis + +sp. nov. +was only found at the transition from the bathyal to the abyssal zone ( +2325–2893 m +depth) +sensu +Vinogradova (1997) +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/F2/87/03F287E18A127D6F7D6DF1E4DA0FFC5F.xml b/data/03/F2/87/03F287E18A127D6F7D6DF1E4DA0FFC5F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8d956733506 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/F2/87/03F287E18A127D6F7D6DF1E4DA0FFC5F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,340 @@ + + + +Systematic revision of the Antarctic gastropod family Newnesiidae (Heterobranchia: Cephalaspidea) with the description of a new genus and a new abyssal species + + + +Author + +Moles, Juan + + + +Author + +Avila, Conxita + + + +Author + +Malaquias, Manuel A. E. + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +183 + + +763 +775 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +27540A1-3A6B-4059-A21F-B23EB6000154 + + + + + + +HOCIUS + + + +GEN +. +NOV +. + + + + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +729058FA-DBF1-4F80- AA3C-A64132BFBB64 + + + + + + +Type +species + +: + +Newnesia joani +Moles, Wägele, Schrödl & Avila, 2017 + +. + + +Diagnosis +: Shell internal, globose. Radula three-seriate, with sharp unicuspid rachidian tooth and lamellate laterals. Left anterolateral repugnatorial gland with distinct funnel and right posterolateral repugnatorial gland present. Distinct parietal ganglion present. See + +Moles +et al. +(2017a) + +for a complete description of the +type +species. + + +Examined material +: + + +Hocius joani + +comb. nov. + +: + +Drake Passage +, north of +King George Island +, + +61°27.6 +′ +S + +, + +58°4.1 +′ +W + + +to + +61°26.5 +′ +S + +, + +58°7.4 +′ +W + +, +19 March 1998 +, + + +967–1227 m +depth, 1 spc., ZSMMoll 20150456, H = +15.7 mm +( +holotype +); + +1 spc., dissected and sequenced, +CRBA2024 +, H = +21 mm +( +paratype +1); 1 spc., dissected and sequenced, +ZSM +Moll 20150456, H = +19 mm +( +paratype +2); 1 spc., dissected, +ZSM +Moll 20150456, H = +18 mm +( +paratype +3); 1 spc., sectioned, H = +10.7 mm +( +paratype +4); 1 spc., +ZSM +Moll 20150456, H = +10.4 mm +( +paratype +5); 1 spc., +ZSM +Moll 20150456, H = +8.5 mm +( +paratype +6) + +. + + +Etymology +: The genus name is derived from the toponymy of the +type +locality, the Sea of Hoces, named after the Spanish navigator Francisco de Hoces, who in 1526 first navigated these waters (commonly known as the Drake Passage; +Lausic, 1993 +). + + +Remarks +: + +Hocius joani + +comb. nov. +was first ascribed to the genus + +Newnesia + +based on morphological similarities with + +N. antarctica + +(e.g. trapezoidal cephalic shield, dorsolateral velar lobes, globose shell, rachidian tooth shape) and phylogenetic evidence ( + +Moles +et al. +, 2017a + +). However, the broad taxon sampling used in this study together with several morphological synapomorphies recognized in + +H. joani + +comb. nov. +(e.g. internal shell, three-seriated radula; see ‘Diagnosis’) warrants in our opinion the designation of a new genus to include this species (see +Table 1 +). + + +MOLECULAR +SPECIES +DELIMITATION +AND +PHYLOGENETIC +ANALYSES + + +No saturation was found for the first, second and third codon positions of the protein-coding genes +COI +and +H3 +. Thus, the combined concatenation included +COI +(including the third codon position), 16S with relaxed settings, 28S with relaxed settings and +H3 +(including the third codon position). The four-genes concatenated BI and +ML +trees were nearly congruent and both recovered the monophyly of +Newnesiidae +with maximum support (PP = 1; BS = 100), including + +N. antarctica + +, + +N. abyssalis + +sp. nov. +and + +H. joani + +comb. nov. +( +Fig. 4 +). + + +Intraspecific genetic variability for the +COI +gene (uncorrected +p +-distance) ranged between 0 and 0.7%, whereas interspecific differences for sister species pairs ranged between 11.2 and 11.4% ( + +N. antarctica + +/ + +H. joani + +comb. nov. +), 10 and 10.5% ( + +N. antarctica + +/ + +N. abyssalis + +sp. nov. +) and 7.6 and 7.8% ( + +H. joani + +comb. nov. +/ + +N. abyssalis + +sp. nov. +). The recursive +ABGD +analysis identified three groups given a series of prior values from 0.001 to 0.059 (Supporting Information, Fig. S9). These groups correspond to morpho-species that also returned maximum or nearly maximum PPs in the BI and bootstrap supports of 96–100% in the +ML +analysis ( +Fig. 4 +). The mean K80 Kimura intraspecific distance was 0.59% for + +N. antarctica + +, 1% for + +N. abyssalis + +sp. nov. +and 0.0% for + +H. joani + +comb. nov. +The mean interspecific Kimura distances between + +N. antarctica + +and + +N. abyssalis + +sp. nov. +was 12.1% and 13.5% for + +H. joani + +comb. nov. +, while the distance between + +N. abyssalis + +sp. nov. +and + +H. joani + +comb. nov. +was 10%. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/F2/87/03F287E18A167D637F3EF760DADCFEE1.xml b/data/03/F2/87/03F287E18A167D637F3EF760DADCFEE1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0f436523b57 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/F2/87/03F287E18A167D637F3EF760DADCFEE1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,294 @@ + + + +Systematic revision of the Antarctic gastropod family Newnesiidae (Heterobranchia: Cephalaspidea) with the description of a new genus and a new abyssal species + + + +Author + +Moles, Juan + + + +Author + +Avila, Conxita + + + +Author + +Malaquias, Manuel A. E. + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +183 + + +763 +775 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +27540A1-3A6B-4059-A21F-B23EB6000154 + + + + + + + + +Anderssonia sphinx +Strebel, 1908: 12 + + +, pl. 2, fig. 21. + + + + + + + +Type +locality + +: Cape Adare, Ross Sea; +40 m +depth. + + +Diagnosis +: Shell external, globose, thin; apical area flattened, with large aperture. Broad cephalic shield, posterolateral cephalic lobes present. Tentacular processes absent. Parapodia absent. External sperm groove present, running laterally on right side of body from gonopore to penial aperture. Pedal gland furrow present in midfoot section. Radular formula: 0.1.0. Sharp unicuspidated rachidian teeth with two to five denticles along sides. Jaws and gizzard plates absent. Cuticularized and spinous gizzard. Male reproductive system tubular; prostate short; penial papilla bilobed. Two gills; one lying on roof and one on floor of mantle cavity. Two repugnatorial glands present, one placed on left anterolateral side, the other on right posterolateral side right after mantle cavity (infrapallial lobe). + + + +Material examined ( +Fig. 1 +) + +: Off Adélie Land, + + +66°1 +′ +S + +, + +140°00 +′ +E + +, + +15 January + +2008 + + +, 196 m depth, 1 spc. dissected and sequenced, +MNHN +, +Paris +IM-2009-8030, H = +31 mm + +; + + +66°33 +′ +S + +, + +140°51 +′ +E + +, + +13 January + +2008 + + +, 361 m depth, 1 spc. dissected and sequenced, +MNHN +, +Paris +IM-2009-8042, H = +38 mm + +; + + +66°34 +′ +S + +, + +141°18 +′ +E + +, + +13 January + +2008 + + +, 199 m depth, 1 spc., +MNHN +, +Paris +IM-2009-8032, H = +36.4 mm + +; + + +66°34 +′ +S + +, + +141°18 +′ +E + +, + +13 January + +2008 + + +, 199 m depth, 1 spc., +MNHN +, +Paris +IM-2009-8035, H = +17.7 mm + +; + + +66°33 +′ +S + +, + +140°51 +′ +E + +, + +13 January + +2008 + + +, 361 m depth, 1 spc., +MNHN +, +Paris +IM-2009-8041, H = +36 mm +. +Weddell Sea +, +Austasen Bank + +, + + +70°57 +′ +6 +″ +S + +, + +10°33 +′ +31 +″ +W + +, + +22 December + +2003 + + +, 337 m depth, 1 spc. dissected and sequenced, +ZMBN 116995 +, H = +38 mm + +; + + +70°56 +′ +40 +″ +S + +, + +10°32 +′ +3 +″ +W + +, + +13 December + +2003 + + +, 302 m, 1 spc. dissected, +ZMBN 116997 +, H = +15 mm + +. + + + +Shell ( +Fig. 2A–D +) + +: Maximum H = +38 mm +. External; thin, white, globose; aperture wide, strongly oblique to shell axis; covering whole viscera; protoconch notprotruding; spire short; sculpture consisting of faint parallel spiral lines and thin transverse lines ( +Fig. 2D +); + +umbilicus absent; thin, unornamented lip, parietal callus absent; thin, translucent, yellowish periostracum. + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/F2/87/03F287E18A167D647CF2F169DA5BFA0E.xml b/data/03/F2/87/03F287E18A167D647CF2F169DA5BFA0E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..038a64a24a4 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/F2/87/03F287E18A167D647CF2F169DA5BFA0E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,90 @@ + + + +Systematic revision of the Antarctic gastropod family Newnesiidae (Heterobranchia: Cephalaspidea) with the description of a new genus and a new abyssal species + + + +Author + +Moles, Juan + + + +Author + +Avila, Conxita + + + +Author + +Malaquias, Manuel A. E. + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +183 + + +763 +775 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +27540A1-3A6B-4059-A21F-B23EB6000154 + + + + + +ORDER + +CEPHALASPIDEA +FISCHER +, 1883 + + + + + + + +NEWNESIIDAE + +MOLES +, +WÄGELE +, +SCHRÖDL +& +AVILA +, 2017 + + + + + + + +Type +genus + +: + +Newnesia +E. A. +Smith, 1902 + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/F2/87/03F287E18A167D647D35F1A9DC97FEF2.xml b/data/03/F2/87/03F287E18A167D647D35F1A9DC97FEF2.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1440c9cfc46 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/F2/87/03F287E18A167D647D35F1A9DC97FEF2.xml @@ -0,0 +1,81 @@ + + + +Systematic revision of the Antarctic gastropod family Newnesiidae (Heterobranchia: Cephalaspidea) with the description of a new genus and a new abyssal species + + + +Author + +Moles, Juan + + + +Author + +Avila, Conxita + + + +Author + +Malaquias, Manuel A. E. + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +183 + + +763 +775 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +27540A1-3A6B-4059-A21F-B23EB6000154 + + + + + + + +NEWNESIA + +E. A. + +SMITH +, 1902 + + + + + + + + +Type +species + +: + +Newnesia antarctica +E. A. +Smith, 1902 + +; by monotypy. + + +Diagnosis +: Shell external, globose, thin; apical area flattened, with large aperture. Broad cephalic shield, posterolateral cephalic lobes present. Tentacular processes absent. Parapodia absent. External sperm groove present, running laterally on right side of body from gonopore to penial aperture. Pedal gland furrow present or not. Sharp unicuspidated rachidian teeth with two to eight denticles along sides, lateral teeth present or not. Jaws and gizzard plates absent. Cuticularized and spinous gizzard. Male reproductive system tubular; prostate short; penial papilla uni- or bilobed. Two gills; one lying on roof and one on floor of mantle cavity. Two repugnatorial glands present, one placed on left anterolateral side, without a distinctive funnel connected to the outside, the other on right posterolateral side right after mantle cavity (infrapallial lobe). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/F2/87/03F287E18A167D647F7AF5C4DCD7FD64.xml b/data/03/F2/87/03F287E18A167D647F7AF5C4DCD7FD64.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..0caf38abbfb --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/F2/87/03F287E18A167D647F7AF5C4DCD7FD64.xml @@ -0,0 +1,140 @@ + + + +Systematic revision of the Antarctic gastropod family Newnesiidae (Heterobranchia: Cephalaspidea) with the description of a new genus and a new abyssal species + + + +Author + +Moles, Juan + + + +Author + +Avila, Conxita + + + +Author + +Malaquias, Manuel A. E. + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +183 + + +763 +775 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +27540A1-3A6B-4059-A21F-B23EB6000154 + + + + + + + +NEWNESIA +ANTARCTICA + +E. A. + +SMITH +, 1902 + + + + + + + +( + +FIG +. 2A–I + +) + + + + + + + +Newnesia antarctica +Smith, 1902: 208 + + +, pl. 25, figs 1–6; + +Eliot, 1906: 312 + +, fig. 6; + +Thiele, 1912: 218 + +; + +Hedley, 1916: 64 + +; + +Vayssière, 1917: 4 + +, pl. 2, figs 16–28, pl. 3, figs 29–33; + +Odhner, 1926: 7 + +, figs 4–8; + +Carcelles, 1953: 201 + +; + +Powell, 1960: 163 + +; + +Dell, 1990: 254 + +, fig. 482; + +Hain, 1990: 75 + +, pl. 9, fig. 1, pl. 28, fig. 1; + +Jensen, 1996: 234 + +, figs 20.1, 4–8, 10, 14; + +Zelaya, 2005: 130 + +, fig. 64; + +Aldea & Troncoso, 2008: 84 + +, fig. 68; + +Moles +et al. +, 2017a + +: fig. S1. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/2B/79/87/2B7987A4FF85FFE7A67BF740FD49FE6D.xml b/data/2B/79/87/2B7987A4FF85FFE7A67BF740FD49FE6D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8371c87365f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/2B/79/87/2B7987A4FF85FFE7A67BF740FD49FE6D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,477 @@ + + + +Morphological and molecular taxonomy of calcareous sponges (Porifera: Calcarea) from Curaçao, Caribbean Sea + + + +Author + +Cóndor-Luján, Báslavi + + + +Author + +Louzada, Taynara + + + +Author + +Hajdu, Eduardo + + + +Author + +Klautau, Michelle + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +2018-07-31 + + +183 + + +3 + + +459 +525 + + + + +https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article/183/3/459/4829952 + +journal article +10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx082 +0024-4082 + + + + + + +CLATHRINA +GLOBULOSA + + + +SP +. +NOV +. + + + + + + + +( + +FIG +. 7 + +; + +TABLE +5 + +) + + +Etymology: +From the Latin +globus +(=sphere), for its external morphology. + + + + +Type +locality: + +Tug Boat +, +Caracasbaai +, +Willemstadt +, +Curaçao + +. + + +Material examined: + + +Holotype + +. UFRJPOR 6759, +Tug Boat +, +Caracasbaai +, +Willemstadt +, +Curaçao +( +12°04′08.20″N +, +68°51′44.40″W +) + +10 m +depth + +, coll. +B. Cóndor-Luján +, + +23 August 2011 + + +. + +Paratype + +. UFRJPOR 6753, same as the +holotype +. + + + +Diagnosis: +Clathrina + +with cormus formed by a globular clathroid body with an apical water-collecting tube and a solid stalk. The skeleton of the clathroid body is composed of two size categories of triactines. The skeleton of the stalk is exclusively formed by parasagittal tractines. White in life. + + +Colour: +White in life and in ethanol ( +Fig. 7A +). +Morphology and anatomy: +This species has a globular clathroid body with an apical osculum and a stalk ( +Fig. 7A +). The surface is smooth and the texture is soft. The consistency is compressible, even the stalk. In the +holotype +(UFRJPOR 6759), the clathroid body measures 0.5 × 0.5 × +0.1 cm +and the stalk is 0.5 × 0.1 × +0.1 cm +. The cormus is formed by irregular and tightly anastomosed tubes, which converge at the centre of the sponge forming a single apical osculum.The stalk is solid, formed by tubes without choanoderm (arrow in +Fig. 7A +). The aquiferous system is asconoid. No granular cells were observed. + + + + +Figure 7. + +Clathrina globulosa + +sp. nov. + +(UFRJPOR 6759). A, specimen after fixation (arrow: stalk). B, tangential section of the clathroid body. C, triactine I. D, triactine II. E, triactine of the stalk. + + + + +Table 5. +Spicule measurements of + + +Clathrina globulosa + +sp. nov. + +(holotype = UFRJPOR 6759), + +C +. +pellucida + +(holotype = TMU- 179) and + +C +. +stipitata + +(original description) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
SpecimenSpiculeActineLength (µm) Min MeanSDMaxWidth (µm) Min MeanSDMax +N +
UFRJPOR 6759Triactine I of the body Triactine II of the body Triactine of the stalk- - Unpaired Paired67.5 45.9 94.5 40.587.2 54.8 119.8 51.811.6 4.6 21.6 5.7108.0 62.1 151.2 62.14.1 5.4 5.4 8.15.3 6.4 7.9 8.10.4 0.9 1.8 0.05.4 8.1 9.4 8.130 30 7 10
TMU-179Triactine of the body Triactine of the stalk- Unpaired Paired115.0 120.0 40.0143.0 173.0 131.012.0 18.0 30.0175.0 195.0 185.0- - -8.1 8.5 8.21.2 1.6 1.1- - -30 30 30
+ +C. stipitata + +TriactineUnpaired Paired-- 70.0- -100.0 -- -- 8.5- -10.0 -- -
+ + +Skeleton: +The skeleton of the clathroid body has no special organization and is composed of two categories of regular triactines ( +Fig. 7B +). The skeleton of the stalk is composed exclusively of parasagittal triactines, the unpaired actine of which is basipetally oriented. These spicules are more numerous and more closely placed in the median part of the stalk. + + +Spicules: Triactines I of the clathroid body. +Regular (equiangular and equiradiate) or subregular. Frequent. Actines are cylindrical with blunt tips ( +Fig. 7C +). Some of them are slightly undulated at the distal part. Size: 67.5–108.0/4.1–5.4 µm. +Triactines II of the clathroid body. +Regular (equiangular and equiradiate). Actines are conical and straight with sharp tips. Shorter and thicker than triactine I ( +Fig. 7D +). Size: 45.9– 62.1/5.4–8.1 µm. +Triactines of the stalk +. Parasagittal (equiangular). The paired actines are slightly conical and very short (sometimes they seem to be rudimentary). The unpaired actine is straight and cylindrical to slightly conical with sharp tips ( +Fig. 7E +). Size: 40.5–67.5/5.4–8.1 µm (paired actine) and 94.5– 199.8/5.4–8.1 µm (unpaired actine). + + +Ecology: +This species was collected in a light-protected environment, underneath coral boulder, at +10 m +depth. No associated organisms were found. + + +Geographical distribution: +Southern Caribbean (provisionally endemic to +Curaçao +, present study). + + +Taxonomic remarks: +Species of +Clathrinidae +with a clathroid body and a stalk were formerly included in + +Guancha + +, but recently those without tetractines were transferred to + +Clathrina +( + +Klautau +et al. +, 2013 + +) + +. These species are: + +C. arnesenae + +, + +C. blanca + +, + +C. camura +( +Rapp, 2006 +) + +, + +C. challengeri +( +Poléjaeff, 1883 +) + +, + +C. lacunosa +( +Johnston, 1842 +) + +, + +C. macleayi +( +Lendenfeld, 1885 +) + +, + +C. pellucida +( +Rapp, 2006 +) + +, + +C. pulcherrima +( +Dendy, 1891 +) + +, + +C. ramosa + +, + +C. sagittaria +( +Haeckel, 1872 +) + +and + +C. stipitata +( +Dendy, 1891 +) + +. Among them, + +C. pellucida + +from +Norway +and + +C. stipitata + +from +Australia +are the species resembling + +C. globulosa + +sp. nov. +the most, as these three species have a cormus composed of tightly anastomosed tubes which converging in an apical osculum, and a skeleton composed of regular and sagittal triactines. However, they can be distinguished when additional features are considered. + + + +Clathrina pellucida + +has a short stalk (less than 1/3 of the body) formed by true tubes with choanoderm and a skeleton exclusively composed of triactines with undulated actines, whereas + +C. globulosa + +sp. nov. +has a solid stalk half the length of its whole body, and a skeleton which comprises triactines with straight actines. + + +The skeleton of the clathroid body of + +C. stipitata + +comprises parasagittal triactines with unpaired actines regularly arranged, pointing towards the stalk, whereas in + +C. globulosa + +sp. nov. +, it does not include parasagittal triactines, and is formed instead by regular and subregular disorganized triactines. Moreover, +Dendy (1891) +divides these spicules into dermal and deeper spicules. Dermal triactines are slightly curved with the centre uplifted, resembling a tripod, and deeper spicules are more nearly regular and more slender than the dermal ones. In + +C. globulosa + +sp. nov. +, spicules do not have this external and internal spicule distribution. + + +In neither of the above referred species, + +C. pellucida + +and + +C. stipitata + +, were spicules with comparable dimensions to those observed in the clathroid body of + +C. globulosa + +sp. nov. +mentioned or illustrated in the original descriptions. Triactines from + +C. pellucida + +(115.0– 175.0/8.1 ± 1.2 µm) and + +C. stipitata + +(unpaired actine: 100.0/10.0 µm and paired actine: 70.0/8.5 µm) are larger compared to + +C. globulosa + +sp. nov. +, even considering its two spicule categories (triactines I: 67.5–108.0/4.1– 5.4 µm and triactines II: 45.9–62.1/5.4–8.1 µm). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/2B/79/87/2B7987A4FF87FFFBA64AF4E5FD87FD2A.xml b/data/2B/79/87/2B7987A4FF87FFFBA64AF4E5FD87FD2A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7c7aab6d668 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/2B/79/87/2B7987A4FF87FFFBA64AF4E5FD87FD2A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,100 @@ + + + +Morphological and molecular taxonomy of calcareous sponges (Porifera: Calcarea) from Curaçao, Caribbean Sea + + + +Author + +Cóndor-Luján, Báslavi + + + +Author + +Louzada, Taynara + + + +Author + +Hajdu, Eduardo + + + +Author + +Klautau, Michelle + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +2018-07-31 + + +183 + + +3 + + +459 +525 + + + + +https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article/183/3/459/4829952 + +journal article +10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx082 +0024-4082 + + + + + +GENUS + + +CLATHRINA + +GRAY +, 1867 + + + + + + + +Type +species: + + +Grantia clathrus +Schmidt, 1864 + +. + + +Diagnosis: +‘ +Calcinea +in which the cormus comprises anastomosed tubes. A stalk may be present. The skeleton contains regular (equiangular and equiradiate) and/or parasagittal triactines, to which diactines and tripods may be added. Asconoid aquiferous system’ ( + +Klautau +et al. +, 2013 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/2B/79/87/2B7987A4FF91FFE8A645F1B5FE6DF913.xml b/data/2B/79/87/2B7987A4FF91FFE8A645F1B5FE6DF913.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8c49cf9f74e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/2B/79/87/2B7987A4FF91FFE8A645F1B5FE6DF913.xml @@ -0,0 +1,540 @@ + + + +Morphological and molecular taxonomy of calcareous sponges (Porifera: Calcarea) from Curaçao, Caribbean Sea + + + +Author + +Cóndor-Luján, Báslavi + + + +Author + +Louzada, Taynara + + + +Author + +Hajdu, Eduardo + + + +Author + +Klautau, Michelle + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +2018-07-31 + + +183 + + +3 + + +459 +525 + + + + +https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article/183/3/459/4829952 + +journal article +10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx082 +0024-4082 + + + + + + +LEUCILLA +ANTILLANA + + + +SP +. +NOV +. + + + + + + + +( + +FIGS +13 + +, +14 +; + +TABLE +11 + +) + + +Etymology: +From its presence in +Curaçao +, which is an island of the Leeward Antilles. + + + + +Type +locality: + +Water Factory +, +Willemstadt +, +Curaçao + +. + + +Material examined: + + +Holotype + +. UFRJPOR 6768, +Water Factory +, +Willemstadt +, +Curaçao +( +12°06′30.88″N +, +68°57′13.53″W +), + +9.9 m +depth + +, coll. +B. Cóndor-Luján +, + +23 August 2011 + +. + + + + +Diagnosis: +Leucilla + +with a skeleton composed of cortical tetractines, subatrial triactines and atrial tetractines, and leuconoid aquiferous system. + + +Colour: +White to light blue in life ( +Fig. 13A +) and white in ethanol ( +Fig. 13B +). + + +Morphology and anatomy: +This species has an irregular tubular shape being wider at the base ( +Fig. 13A +). It measures 1.0 × 0.8 × +0.2 cm +. The surface is slightly hispid due to some protruding spicules. The osculum is apical and has a delicate crown of trichoxeas (arrow in +Fig. 13B +). The aquiferous system is leuconoid with subspherical to elongated choanocyte chambers ranging from 97.2 to 162.0 µm of diameter. + + +Skeleton: +The skeleton is characteristic of the genus ( +Fig. 13C +). The cortical skeleton is exclusively formed by tetractines ( +Fig. 13D +) with the basal actines tangentially positioned on the surface. The choanosomal skeleton is inarticulated, composed of the apical actine of the cortical tetractines ( +Fig. 13E +, arrow), which occasionally crosses the atrial skeleton, and of the unpaired actine of the subatrial triactines ( +Fig. 13F +, white arrow). The subatrial triactines do not form a continuous layer, instead, they are irregularly scattered in this region. The atrial skeleton is composed of tetractines with the apical actine projected into the atrium ( +Fig. 13F +, black arrow). + + +Spicules: Cortical tetractines +. Sagittal. Actines are conical with sharp tips. The paired actines are frequently curved. The apical actine is straight and it is the longest actine ( +Fig. 14A +). Some undulated apical actines were also observed. Size: 350.0–485.0/35.0–60.0 µm (paired actine), 75.0–200.0/35.0–60.0 µm (unpaired actine) and 285.0–550.0/35.0–55.0 µm (apical actine). +Subatrial triactines. +Sagittal. Actines are conical with sharp tips. The paired actines are straight and smaller than the unpaired one ( +Fig. 14B, C +). Some slightly curved paired actines were also observed. Highly variable size: 175.0–460.0/15.0–60.0 µm (paired actine) and 225.0–490.0/15.0–55.0 µm (unpaired actine). +Atrial tetractines +. Sagittal. Actines are conical with very sharp tips. The unpaired actine is slightly longer than the paired ones ( +Fig. 14D +). The apical actine is the thinnest and shortest actine. Size: 120.0–270.0/10.0– 12.5 µm (paired actine), 185.0–355.0/10.0–12.5 µm (unpaired actine) and 15.0–50.0/5.0–10.0 µm (apical actine). + + +Ecology: +This species was found underneath coral boulders at +9.9 m +depth. No organisms were found associated with this species. + + +Molecular analysis: +We provide the first C-LSU sequence of a + +Leucilla +species + +, + +L. antillana + +sp. nov. +In both phylogenetic reconstructions (ML and BI), + +Leucilla + +was not recovered as a monophyletic genus as the two + +Leucilla +species + +used in this study, + +L. antillana + +sp. nov. +and + +L. micropilosa + +sp. nov. +(see below), appeared in different clades ( +Fig. 15 +). + + +Geographical distribution: +Southern Caribbean (provisionally endemic to +Curaçao +, present study). + + + + +Figure 13. + +Leucilla antillana + +sp. nov. + +(UFRJPOR 6768). A, specimen in vivo. B, specimen after fixation with the crown of trichoxea (arrow). C, cross section of the skeleton. D, tangential section of the cortex. E, choanoskeleton with the apical actine of a tetractine (arrow). F, atrial skeleton with a subatrial triactine (white arrow) and an apical actine of an atrial tetractine (black arrow). cx, cortex; at, atrium. + + + +Taxonomic remarks: +The species that most resemble + +L. antillana + +sp. nov. +are + +L. amphora + +( +type +locality: +Puerto Rico +or +Barbados +, Haeckel did not specify this), + +L. capsula +Haeckel, 1872 + +( +type +locality: Agulhas Bank, +South Africa +), + +L. uter +Poléjaeff, 1883 + +( +type +locality: +Bermudas +or +Philippines +, Poléjaeff did not specify this) and + +L. sacculata +Carter, 1890 + +( +type +locality: Fernando de Noronha Archipelago, +Brazil +). + + + +Leucilla antillana + +sp. nov. +can be easily differentiated from + +L. amphora + +and + +L. capsula + +because the skeleton of the two latter species ( + +L. amphora + +and + +L. capsula + +) is exclusively composed of tetractines (as described and illustrated by +Haeckel, 1872 +), whereas the new species has subatrial triactines. + + +Different to + +L. sacculata + +and + +L. uter + +, the skeletons of which comprise cortical microdiactines and subatrial tetractines (these latter can be found scattered in the choanosome of those species), + +L. antillana + +sp. nov. +does not have any microdiactines nor subatrial tetractines in its skeleton. Considering the spicule dimensions of the other spicule categories of + +L. sacculata + +and + +L. uter + +provided in their original descriptions, the size ranges do not match the new species. + +Leucilla antillana + +sp. nov. +has thinner spicules (15.0–60.0 µm) compared to + +L. sacculata + +(84.7 µm). The apical actine of the cortical tetractines of + +L. uter + +is almost twice as long (400.0–1200.0 µm) as that of + +L. antillana + +sp. nov. +(285.0–550.0 µm) and the atrial tetractines are thicker (20.0 µm vs. 10.0–12.5 µm). + + + +Figure 14. +Spicules of + + +Leucilla antillana + +sp. nov. + +(UFRJPOR 6768). A, cortical tetractine. B, large subatrial triactine. C, small subatrial triactine. D, atrial tetractine. + + + + +Table 11. +Spicule measurements of + + +Leucilla antillana + +sp. nov. + +(holotype = UFRJPOR 6768) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
SpiculeActineLength (µm)Width (µm) +N +
MinMeanSDMaxMinMeanSDMax
Cortical tetractinePaired305.0404.462.0485.035.050.16.460.017
Unpaired75.0131.045.3200.035.048.87.460.010
Apical285.0405.064.6550.035.049.27.155.019
Subatrial triactinePaired175.0276.091.3460.015.032.813.160.020
Unpaired225.0389.471.2490.015.034.413.455.018
Atrial tetractinePaired120.0224.034.8270.010.010.30.812.520
Unpaired185.0265.041.9355.010.010.51.012.520
Apical15.030.08.950.05.08.01.710.020
+ + + +Leucilla antillana + +sp. nov. +is the second species of the genus + +Leucilla + +recorded from +Curaçao +. + +Leucilla amphora + +was also reported from that island by +Arndt (1927) +. That author mentioned that Breitfuss was responsible for the identification and did not give a description of the samples. Therefore, as we did not analyse those specimens, we can neither confirm nor invalidate that record. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/2B/79/87/2B7987A4FF92FFEEA4FDF6B2FBD0FAA6.xml b/data/2B/79/87/2B7987A4FF92FFEEA4FDF6B2FBD0FAA6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..91e2b66c383 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/2B/79/87/2B7987A4FF92FFEEA4FDF6B2FBD0FAA6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,102 @@ + + + +Morphological and molecular taxonomy of calcareous sponges (Porifera: Calcarea) from Curaçao, Caribbean Sea + + + +Author + +Cóndor-Luján, Báslavi + + + +Author + +Louzada, Taynara + + + +Author + +Hajdu, Eduardo + + + +Author + +Klautau, Michelle + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +2018-07-31 + + +183 + + +3 + + +459 +525 + + + + +https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article/183/3/459/4829952 + +journal article +10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx082 +0024-4082 + + + + + +GENUS + + +LEUCETTA + + +HAECKEL +, 1872 + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + + +Leucetta primigenia +Haeckel, 1872 + +. + + +Diagnosis: +‘ +Leucettidae +with a homogeneous organisation of the wall and a typical leuconoid aquiferous system. There is neither a clear distinction between the cortex and the choanoskeleton, nor the presence of a distinct layer of subcortical inhalant cavities. The atrium is frequently reduced to a system of exhalant canals that open directly into the osculum’ ( + +Borojevic +et al. +, 2002 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/2B/79/87/2B7987A4FF9BFFE4A7C5F763FB9BF8EA.xml b/data/2B/79/87/2B7987A4FF9BFFE4A7C5F763FB9BF8EA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..186c844ec4c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/2B/79/87/2B7987A4FF9BFFE4A7C5F763FB9BF8EA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,614 @@ + + + +Morphological and molecular taxonomy of calcareous sponges (Porifera: Calcarea) from Curaçao, Caribbean Sea + + + +Author + +Cóndor-Luján, Báslavi + + + +Author + +Louzada, Taynara + + + +Author + +Hajdu, Eduardo + + + +Author + +Klautau, Michelle + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +2018-07-31 + + +183 + + +3 + + +459 +525 + + + + +https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article/183/3/459/4829952 + +journal article +10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx082 +0024-4082 + + + + + + + +CLATHRINA +HONDURENSIS + + +KLAUTAU +& +VALENTINE +, 2003 + + + + + + + +( + +FIG +. 8 + +; + +TABLE +6 + +) + + +Synonymy: + +Clathrina hondurensis +Klautau & Valentine, 2003: 46 + +. + + +Material examined: + +UFRJPOR 6732, +Porto Mari +, +St. Willibrordus +, +Curaçao +( +12°13′6.62″N +, +69°05′13.26″W +), + +7.9 m +depth + +, coll. +B. Cóndor-Luján +, + +20 August 2011 + + +. + + +C o m p a r a t i v e m a t e r i a l e x a m i n e d: + +H o l o t y p e o f +C. h o n d u r e n s i s +. B M N H 1 9 3 8.3.2 8.4, +T +u r n e f f e, +Belize +, Caribbean Sea, coll. +J. H. Borley +, + +20–22 March 1935 + + +. + + +Colour: +White in life ( +Fig. 8A +) and yellow to light brown in ethanol ( +Fig. 8B +). + + +Morphology and anatomy: +The specimen is massive and it measures 1.4 × 1.0 × +0.2 cm +( +Fig. 8A +). The surface is smooth and the consistency is compressible. The cormus is composed of irregular and tightly anastomosed tubes ( +Fig. 8B +). No water-collecting tubes were observed. The aquiferous system is asconoid. No granular cells were observed. + + +Skeleton: +The skeleton has no special organization ( +Fig. 8C +) and is composed of triactines and rare trichoxeas ( +Fig. 8D +, arrow). + + + +Figure 8. + +Clathrina hondurensis + +(UFRJPOR 6732). A, specimen in vivo. B, specimen after fixation. C, tangential section of the body (cormus) skeleton. D, detail of trichoxea indicated by an arrow. E, triactine. + + + + +Table 6. +Spicule measurements of + +Clathrina hondurensis + +from Curaçao (UFRJPOR 6732) and from the holotype of this species (BMNH 1938.3.28.4) and of + +C. primordialis + +(original description) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
SpecimenSpiculeLength (µm)Width (µm) +N +
MinMeanSDMaxMinMeanSDMax
UFRJPOR 6732Triactine100.0149.630.0212.513.619.13.12530
Trichoxea-325.0---2.5--1
BMNHTriactine120.0142.915.5175.012.516.82.42020
1938.3.28.4*
BMNHTriactine105.6133.417.0156.012.015.61.719.220
1938.3.28.4**
+ +C. primordialis + +Triactine100.0--150.08.0--12.0-
+ + +*Present study. + +**Taken from +Klautau & Valentine (2003) +. + + + +Spicules: Trichoxeas +. Straight and very slender ( +Fig. 8D +). Most of them are broken. The size of the unique entire trichoxea found is 325.0/2.5 µm. +Triactines +. Regular (equiangular and equiradiate). Actines are conical with sharp tips ( +Fig. 8E +). Size: 100.0–212.5/13.6–25.0 µm. + + +Ecology: +This specimen was collected underneath coral boulders at +7.9 m +depth. No associated organisms were found. + + +Geographical distribution: +Southwestern Caribbean ( +Belize +, +Klautau & Valentine, 2003 +) and Southern Caribbean ( +Curaçao +, present study) ecoregions. + + +Taxonomic remarks: +The external morphology and the shape of the triactines observed in the specimen from +Curaçao +are similar to + +C. hondurensis + +from Turneffe. However, in the original description of that species, trichoxeas were not reported and after re-examination of the slides of the +holotype +, we confirmed the absence of these spicules. As seen in other species, the presence of trichoxeas may not constitute a diagnostic character, as they seem to be plastic characters in + +Clathrina +( + +Azevedo +et al. +, 2017 + +) + +. + + +Regarding spicule dimensions, although the triactines of the specimen from +Curaçao +can attain slightly larger sizes (100.0–212.5/13.6–25.0 µm) compared to the +holotype +of + +C. hondurensis + +(105.6–156.0/12.0– 19.2 µm, taken from +Klautau & Valentine, 2003 +), they are in the same size range. + + +It is important to point out that + +C. hondurensis + +was originally described based on a single specimen. Considering this, the presence of trichoxeas and of slightly larger triactines in the specimen from +Curaçao +could be attributable to intraspecific variation. + + +Recently, + +Klautau +et al. +(2016) + +considered the possible synonymy of + +C. hondurensis + +and + +C. primordialis +( +Haeckel, 1872 +) + +. In fact, both species have similar morphology and spicule size range. Nonetheless, it is possible to recognize thicker spicules in + +C +. +hondurensis + +( +holotype +: 12.0–19.2 µm) than in + +C. primordialis + +( +holotype +: 8.0–12.0 µm, +Table 6 +). Based on this subtle but consistent difference, we decided to maintain + +C +. +hondurensis + +as a valid species and identify the Curaçaoan specimen as + +C +. +hondurensis + +. + + + +Rützler +et al. +(2014) + +recorded + +C. hondurensis + +from another Belizean locality ( +Belize +barrier reef near Carrie Bow); however, the skeleton of that specimen was composed of shorter and thinner triactines (85.0– 100.0/8.0–12.0 µm) and thus, it does not seem to correspond to + +C. hondurensis +. + + + + + + + +CLATHRINA +INSULARIS + + +AZEVEDO +, +PADUA +, +MORAES +, +ROSSI +, +MURICY +& +KLAUTAU +, 2017 + + + + +( + +FIG +. 9 + +; + +TABLE +7 + +) + + + + +Synonymy: + +Clathrina insularis + +Azevedo +et al. +, 2017: 317–318 + + +. + + +Material examined: + +UFRJPOR 6737, +Playa Jeremi +, +Soto +, +Curaçao +( +12°19′43.73″N +, +69°09′07.80″W +), + +14.9 m +depth + +, coll. +B. Cóndor-Luján +, + +22 August 2011 + + +. + + +Additional material re-analysed: + +UFRJPOR 6533, +Cagarras +, +Fernando de Noronha Archipelago +, +Pernambuco +, +Brazil +( +03°48′34.59″S +, +32°23′27.91″W +), + +15 m +depth + +, coll. +F. Azevedo +and +G. Rodríguez +, + +27 June 2011 + + +. + +UFRJPOR 6530 and UFRJPOR 6537, Ilha do +Meio +, +Fernando de Noronha Archipelago +, +Pernambuco +, +Brazil +( +03°49′5.88″S +, +32°23′36.6″W +), + +15 m +depth + +, coll. +F. Azevedo +and +G. Rodríguez +, + +27 June 2011 + + +. + + +Comparative material examined: + +Holotype +of + +C. insularis + +. UFRJPOR 6532, +Cagarras +, + +Fernando +de Noronha + +, +Pernambuco +, +Brazil +( +03°48′34.59″S +, +32°23′27.91″W +), + +15 m +depth + +, coll. +F. Azevedo +and +G. Rodríguez +, + +27 June 2011 + +. + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/2B/79/87/2B7987A4FFA1FFDDA798F170FDD8FACE.xml b/data/2B/79/87/2B7987A4FFA1FFDDA798F170FDD8FACE.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9755680b2f9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/2B/79/87/2B7987A4FFA1FFDDA798F170FDD8FACE.xml @@ -0,0 +1,106 @@ + + + +Morphological and molecular taxonomy of calcareous sponges (Porifera: Calcarea) from Curaçao, Caribbean Sea + + + +Author + +Cóndor-Luján, Báslavi + + + +Author + +Louzada, Taynara + + + +Author + +Hajdu, Eduardo + + + +Author + +Klautau, Michelle + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +2018-07-31 + + +183 + + +3 + + +459 +525 + + + + +https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article/183/3/459/4829952 + +journal article +10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx082 +0024-4082 + + + + + +GENUS + + +GRANTESSA + + +LENDENFELD +, 1885 + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + + +Grantessa sacca +Lendenfeld, 1885 + +. + + +Diagnosis: +‘ +Heteropiidae +with syconoid organization and an articulated choanoskeleton. A thin cortex is formed by triactines but lacks longitudinal large diactines. The distal part of the radial tubes is frequently decorated by tufts of radially arranged diactines, indicating a close relationship to the genus + +Syconessa + +’ ( + +Borojevic +et al. +, 2002 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/2B/79/87/2B7987A4FFA8FFD4A4F6F48EFC44FCA7.xml b/data/2B/79/87/2B7987A4FFA8FFD4A4F6F48EFC44FCA7.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..43df291dadd --- /dev/null +++ b/data/2B/79/87/2B7987A4FFA8FFD4A4F6F48EFC44FCA7.xml @@ -0,0 +1,102 @@ + + + +Morphological and molecular taxonomy of calcareous sponges (Porifera: Calcarea) from Curaçao, Caribbean Sea + + + +Author + +Cóndor-Luján, Báslavi + + + +Author + +Louzada, Taynara + + + +Author + +Hajdu, Eduardo + + + +Author + +Klautau, Michelle + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +2018-07-31 + + +183 + + +3 + + +459 +525 + + + + +https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article/183/3/459/4829952 + +journal article +10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx082 +0024-4082 + + + + + +GENUS + + +LEUCANDRA + + +HAECKEL +, 1872 + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + + +Sycinula egedii +Schmidt, 1870 + +. + + +Diagnosis: +‘ +Grantiidae +with sylleibid or leuconoid organization. Longitudinal large diactines, if present, are not restricted to the cortex, but lie obliquely across the external part of the sponge wall and protrude from the surface of the sponge’ ( + +Borojevic +et al. +, 2002 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/2B/79/87/2B7987A4FFBAFFC7A4A5F357FD0DFF7A.xml b/data/2B/79/87/2B7987A4FFBAFFC7A4A5F357FD0DFF7A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..38a1f10e23b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/2B/79/87/2B7987A4FFBAFFC7A4A5F357FD0DFF7A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,102 @@ + + + +Morphological and molecular taxonomy of calcareous sponges (Porifera: Calcarea) from Curaçao, Caribbean Sea + + + +Author + +Cóndor-Luján, Báslavi + + + +Author + +Louzada, Taynara + + + +Author + +Hajdu, Eduardo + + + +Author + +Klautau, Michelle + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +2018-07-31 + + +183 + + +3 + + +459 +525 + + + + +https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article/183/3/459/4829952 + +journal article +10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx082 +0024-4082 + + + + + +GENUS + + +SYCON + + +RISSO +, 1827 + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + + +Sycon humboldti +Risso, 1827 + +. + + +Diagnosis: +‘ +Sycettidae +with radial tubes partially or fully coalescent; distal cones are decorated by tufts of diactines. The inhalant canals are generally well defined between the radial tubes and are often closed at the distal end by a membrane that is perforated by an ostium, devoid of a skeleton. There is no continuous cortex covering the distal ends of the radial tubes. Skeleton of the atrium and of the tubes composed of triactines and/or tetractines’ ( + +Borojevic +et al. +, 2002 + +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/2B/79/87/2B7987A4FFBBFFC7A653F46BFC53FE54.xml b/data/2B/79/87/2B7987A4FFBBFFC7A653F46BFC53FE54.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2e4d42854e8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/2B/79/87/2B7987A4FFBBFFC7A653F46BFC53FE54.xml @@ -0,0 +1,146 @@ + + + +Morphological and molecular taxonomy of calcareous sponges (Porifera: Calcarea) from Curaçao, Caribbean Sea + + + +Author + +Cóndor-Luján, Báslavi + + + +Author + +Louzada, Taynara + + + +Author + +Hajdu, Eduardo + + + +Author + +Klautau, Michelle + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +2018-07-31 + + +183 + + +3 + + +459 +525 + + + + +https://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article/183/3/459/4829952 + +journal article +10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx082 +0024-4082 + + + + + + +SYCON +CONULOSUM + + + +SP +. +NOV +. + + + + + + + +( + +FIGS +26 + +, +27 +; + +TABLE +18 + +) + + +Etymology: +Derived from the conulose appearance of the surface. + + +Type Locality: + +Daai Booi +, +St. Willibrordus +, +Curaçao +. + +Materialexamined +: +Holotype +. + +UFRJPOR 6707, +DaaiBooi +, +St. Willibrordus +, +Curaçao +( +12°12′43.12″N +, +69°05′8.42″W +), + +3–5 m +depth + +, coll. +B. Cóndor-Luján +, + +18 August 2011 + +. + + + + +Diagnosis: +Sycon + +with a conulose appearance due to its separated distal cones. Skeleton mainly composed of triactines. Tetractines are only present in the atrial skeleton and they are less abundant than the atrial triactines. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/BD/52/87/BD528783FFB5FA124FA3FEAD35DDFE10.xml b/data/BD/52/87/BD528783FFB5FA124FA3FEAD35DDFE10.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e9b3095a69c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/BD/52/87/BD528783FFB5FA124FA3FEAD35DDFE10.xml @@ -0,0 +1,111 @@ + + + +A new species of Ampharete (Annelida: Ampharetidae) from the NW Iberian Peninsula, with a synoptic table comparing NE Atlantic species of the genus + + + +Author + +Parapar, Julio + + + +Author + +Kongsrud, Jon A. + + + +Author + +Kongshavn, Katrine + + + +Author + +Alvestad, Tom + + + +Author + +Aneiros, Fernando + + + +Author + +Moreira, Juan + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +183 + + +526 +555 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +6D1A69B-277E-4BBE-9CC7-8AB662115A79 + + + + + +GENUS + + +AMPHARETE + + +MALMGREN +, 1866 + + + + + + + + +Type +species: + + +Amphicteis acutifrons +Grube, 1860 + +. + + +Diagnosis +: +Jirkov (2011: 86) +, + +Imajima +et al +. (2012: 79) + +, + +Parapar +et al. +(2012: 333) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/BD/52/87/BD528783FFB5FA124FB5FDD236ABFD7D.xml b/data/BD/52/87/BD528783FFB5FA124FB5FDD236ABFD7D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..4ddb3dc73e6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/BD/52/87/BD528783FFB5FA124FB5FDD236ABFD7D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,117 @@ + + + +A new species of Ampharete (Annelida: Ampharetidae) from the NW Iberian Peninsula, with a synoptic table comparing NE Atlantic species of the genus + + + +Author + +Parapar, Julio + + + +Author + +Kongsrud, Jon A. + + + +Author + +Kongshavn, Katrine + + + +Author + +Alvestad, Tom + + + +Author + +Aneiros, Fernando + + + +Author + +Moreira, Juan + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +183 + + +526 +555 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +6D1A69B-277E-4BBE-9CC7-8AB662115A79 + + + + + + +AMPHARETE +SANTILLANI + + + +SP +. +NOV +. + + + + + + + +( + +FIGS +1–20 + +, + +TABLES +1–4 + +) + + + + + +Ampharete finmarchica + +: + +Parapar +et al. +(1993) + +, +Moreira, Quintas & Troncoso (1998) +( +non +M. +Sars, 1865 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/DF/23/87/DF2387A4E404C320FC73FADCFE95A5D5.xml b/data/DF/23/87/DF2387A4E404C320FC73FADCFE95A5D5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..34e23541826 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/DF/23/87/DF2387A4E404C320FC73FADCFE95A5D5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,81 @@ + + + +Phylogenetic analysis of the family Cyamidae (Crustacea: Amphipoda): a review based on morphological characters + + + +Author + +Iwasa-Arai, Tammy + + + +Author + +Serejo, Cristiana Silveira + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +184 + + +66 +94 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +10DD3F3-373B-4EE4-9802-B48FC2B8FFD5 + + + + + +FAMILY + +CYAMIDAE +RAFINESQUE +, 1815 + + + + + + +Diagnosis: +Body dorsoventrally depressed, usually smooth dorsally and often with adhesion acute processes ventrally. Antenna 1 and 2 number of articles reduced. Mouthparts reduced, adapted for parasitism; mandibles lacking palp, molar rudimentary. Gnathopods 1 and 2 strongly subchelate, unequal in size, dimorphic. Pereopods 3 and 4 absent; pereonites 3 and 4 with lateral coxal gills, usually with accessory gills on their base. Females with oostegite plates on Per3 and 4. Pereonites 5–7 robust with large dactyli for adhesion. Pleon very reduced, with small pleopods in males. + + + +Type +genus: + + +Cyamus +Latreille, 1796 + +. + + +Habitat: +Ectoparasites exclusive of +Cetacea +. +Subfamilies: +Isocyaminae +subfam. nov. +and +Cyaminae +subfam. nov. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/DF/23/87/DF2387A4E405C320FC51FD66FBF7A19D.xml b/data/DF/23/87/DF2387A4E405C320FC51FD66FBF7A19D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..076b255d71f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/DF/23/87/DF2387A4E405C320FC51FD66FBF7A19D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ + + + +Phylogenetic analysis of the family Cyamidae (Crustacea: Amphipoda): a review based on morphological characters + + + +Author + +Iwasa-Arai, Tammy + + + +Author + +Serejo, Cristiana Silveira + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +184 + + +66 +94 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +10DD3F3-373B-4EE4-9802-B48FC2B8FFD5 + + + + + + + +NEOCYAMUS + + +MARGOLIS +, 1955 + + + + + + + +Diagnosis: +Body slender. Antenna 1 short, four-articulated, without setal arrangement; antenna 2 very small, two-articulated. Left +lacinia mobilis +seven dentate; right +lacinia mobilis +multituberculate without tooth. Maxilliped without palps. Palm of gnathopod 1 with a unique central bilobed expansion. Pereonites 3 and 4 very narrow, with multiramous lateral gills; accessory gills absent. Females with pleopods on pleon. + + + +Type +species: + + +Neocyamus physeteris +Margolis, 1955 + +. + + + +Remarks: +Neocyamus physeteris + +is found in sperm whales + +P. macroephalus + +, the largest odontocete. + +Neocyamus physeteris + +is also the largest species of +Odontocyaminae +subfam. nov. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/DF/23/87/DF2387A4E405C320FEEDF8C6FAE7A706.xml b/data/DF/23/87/DF2387A4E405C320FEEDF8C6FAE7A706.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1c046ccd68b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/DF/23/87/DF2387A4E405C320FEEDF8C6FAE7A706.xml @@ -0,0 +1,93 @@ + + + +Phylogenetic analysis of the family Cyamidae (Crustacea: Amphipoda): a review based on morphological characters + + + +Author + +Iwasa-Arai, Tammy + + + +Author + +Serejo, Cristiana Silveira + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +184 + + +66 +94 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +10DD3F3-373B-4EE4-9802-B48FC2B8FFD5 + + + + + + + +ORCINOCYAMUS + + +MARGOLIS +, 1955 + + + + + + + +Diagnosis: +Antenna 1 four-articulated; antenna 2 small, four-articulated. Maxilliped lacking palps. Lateral gills bilobed; accessory gills absent. Pereonites 3 and 4 of male subequal in length to Per5; Per5–Per7 each bearing a pair of acute ventral processes; Per5– Per7 process on basis absent. + + + +Type +species: + + +Orcinocyamus orcini +(Leung, 1970) + +. + + + +Remarks: +Orcinocyamus orcini + +was described by +Leung (1970b) +from + +O. orca + +and transferred to + +Orcinocyamus + +based on differing morphology and the semi-phyletic analysis performed by Margolis +et al. +, (2000), corroborated by +Haney (1999) +and the present study. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/DF/23/87/DF2387A4E405C320FF2DFC2FFD21A3E4.xml b/data/DF/23/87/DF2387A4E405C320FF2DFC2FFD21A3E4.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..36186b9e75c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/DF/23/87/DF2387A4E405C320FF2DFC2FFD21A3E4.xml @@ -0,0 +1,140 @@ + + + +Phylogenetic analysis of the family Cyamidae (Crustacea: Amphipoda): a review based on morphological characters + + + +Author + +Iwasa-Arai, Tammy + + + +Author + +Serejo, Cristiana Silveira + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +184 + + +66 +94 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +10DD3F3-373B-4EE4-9802-B48FC2B8FFD5 + + + + + + + +ISOCYAMUS + +GERVAIS +& +VAN +BENEDEN +, 1859 + + + + + + +Diagnosis: +Antenna 1 with a continuous band of setae on terminal article; antenna 2 longer than terminal article of antenna 1. +Lacinia mobilis +of right mandible with teeth; maxilliped inner lobes rounded. Accessory gills present, usually sausage shaped or subtriangular, large; spinelike process present on the base of lateral gills. + + + +Type +species: + + +Isocyamus delphinii +(Guérin-Méneville, 1836) + +. + + + +Remarks: +Isocyamus + +is found in multiple host taxa. + +Isocyamus delphinii + +is the most widespread species, found in various delphinids, including the orca + +O. orca + +and bottlenose dolphin + +T. truncatus +( + +Wardle +et al. +, 2003 + +) + +. + +Isocyamus indopacetus +Iwasa-Arai & Serejo, 2017 + +is found on the Longman’s beaked whale + +I. pacificus + +, one of the least studied cetaceans (Iwasa-Arai +et al. +, 2017). + + +Species: + +Isocyamus delphinii +(Guérin-Méneville, 1836) + +, + +I. antarcticensis +Vlasova, 1982 + +, + +I. deltobrachium +Sedlak-Weinstein, 1992 + +, + +I. kogiae +Sedlak-Weinstein, 1992 + +, + +I. indopacetus +Iwasa-Arai & Serejo, 2017 + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/DF/23/87/DF2387A4E405C320FF3FFEF5FE70A683.xml b/data/DF/23/87/DF2387A4E405C320FF3FFEF5FE70A683.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d8292b4248b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/DF/23/87/DF2387A4E405C320FF3FFEF5FE70A683.xml @@ -0,0 +1,124 @@ + + + +Phylogenetic analysis of the family Cyamidae (Crustacea: Amphipoda): a review based on morphological characters + + + +Author + +Iwasa-Arai, Tammy + + + +Author + +Serejo, Cristiana Silveira + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +184 + + +66 +94 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +10DD3F3-373B-4EE4-9802-B48FC2B8FFD5 + + + + + +SUBFAMILY + +ISOCYAMINAE + + + +SUBFAM +. +NOV +. + + + + + + + +Diagnosis: +Antenna 1 without setal arrangement or with a continuous band of setae on terminal article. Antenna 2 reduced, usually with fewer than four articles. +Lacinia mobilis +of right mandible multituberculate without tooth (except + +Isocyamus + +). Distal process of gnathopod 2 palm of female usually subequal in length to proximal process. Accessory gills of females absent. + + + +Type +genus: + + +Isocyamus +Gervais & Van Beneden, 1859 + +. + + +Remarks: +Species of this subfamily are generally smaller and parasitize small delphinids and ziphiids. + +Physeter macrocephalus + +is the only species to host whale lice from both subfamilies herein proposed. + + +Included genera: + +Isocyamus +Gervais & Van Beneden, 1859 + +, + +Orcinocyamus +Margolis + +, +McDonald +& Boulsfield, 2000, + +Neocyamus +Margolis, 1955 + +, + +Platycyamus +Lütken, 1870 + +, + +Scutocyamus +Lincoln & Hurley, 1974 + +and + +Syncyamus +Bowman, 1955 + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/DF/23/87/DF2387A4E405C32FFC53FAEEFE62A5D5.xml b/data/DF/23/87/DF2387A4E405C32FFC53FAEEFE62A5D5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..55661a492c8 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/DF/23/87/DF2387A4E405C32FFC53FAEEFE62A5D5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,104 @@ + + + +Phylogenetic analysis of the family Cyamidae (Crustacea: Amphipoda): a review based on morphological characters + + + +Author + +Iwasa-Arai, Tammy + + + +Author + +Serejo, Cristiana Silveira + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +184 + + +66 +94 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +10DD3F3-373B-4EE4-9802-B48FC2B8FFD5 + + + + + + + +PLATYCYAMUS + + +LÜTKEN +, 1870 + + + + + + + +Diagnosis: +Antenna 1, short, four-articulated, without setal arrangement on terminal article. Antenna 2 small, three-articulated. Maxilliped without palps. Gnathopod 1 palm very short, vertical, dactyli very recurved; gnathopod 2 palm short, subequal in length to gnathopod 1. Lateral gills short, subtriangular; accessory gills absent. Dactyli of Per5–Per7 very curved. + + + +Type +species: + + +Platycyamus thompsoni +(Gosse, 1855) + +. + + + +Remarks: +Platycyamus + +is recognized as a genus ectoparasitic of beaked whales; it was previously believed that only beaked whales host this genus. However, in more recent studies ziphiid whales have been shown to host + +Platycyamus + +, + +Isocyamus + +and + +Cyamus + +. + + +Species: + +Platycyamus thompsoni +(Gosse, 1855) + +, + +P. flaviscutatus +Waller, 1989 + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/DF/23/87/DF2387A4E40AC32FFC2CFDDEFADBA264.xml b/data/DF/23/87/DF2387A4E40AC32FFC2CFDDEFADBA264.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..d749d0e999c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/DF/23/87/DF2387A4E40AC32FFC2CFDDEFADBA264.xml @@ -0,0 +1,158 @@ + + + +Phylogenetic analysis of the family Cyamidae (Crustacea: Amphipoda): a review based on morphological characters + + + +Author + +Iwasa-Arai, Tammy + + + +Author + +Serejo, Cristiana Silveira + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +184 + + +66 +94 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +10DD3F3-373B-4EE4-9802-B48FC2B8FFD5 + + + + + + +BALAENOCYAMUS + + + +GEN +. +NOV +. + + + + + + + +Diagnosis: +Incisor of left mandible with six teeth, right incisor with seven teeth; lower lips inner lobes fully fused. Palm of gnathopod 1 with a broad proximal expansion. Pereonites 3 and 4 narrower than pereonite +5 in +males and subequal in width in females. Pereonite 4 of male without posterolateral knoblike process. Accessory gills spinelike in males and absent in females. + + + +Type +species: + + +Cyamus balaenopterae +(KH +Barnard, 1931 +) + +. + + +Etymology: +The specific epithet refers to the hosts associated with this genus, the family +Balaenopteridae Gray, 1864 +. + + +Remarks: +In contrast to + +Cyamus +species + +, which are usually host specific, + +Balaenocyamus + +gen. nov. +is more widespread and is found on large baleen whales of the family +Balaenopteridae +, such as + +Balaenoptera musculus + +, + +B. physallus + +and + +B. acutorostrata + +. + +Balaenocyamus + +gen. nov. +differs from + +Cyamus + +, by: (1) incisor with six teeth (vs. five teeth); (2) lower lip inner lobes fully fused (vs. partly fused); (3) pereonites 3 and 4 narrower than pereonite +5 in +males and subequal in width in females (vs. pereonites 3 and 4 wider or subequal in width to pereonite +5 in +males and wider in females); (4) accessory gills spinelike in males and absent in females (vs. accessory gills usually bilobed in males and usually present in females); and (5) pereonite 4 of male straight, without posterolateral knoblike process (vs. pereonite 4 of male with a posterolateral knoblike process). +Haney (1999) +also found + +B. balaenopterae + +comb. nov. +to be a basal group of + +Cyamus + +and commented on its plesiomorphic character states, suggesting + +B. balaenopterae + +comb. nov. +to be an intermediate between +Cyamidae +and +Caprellidae +, according to its general morphology. + + +Although the position of + +B. balaenopterae + +within +Mysticyaminae +subfam. nov. +has low statistical support (clade 3), the subfamily was recovered in all analyses, and most of the representatives of +Mysticyaminae +subfam. nov. +are found parasitizing mysticetes. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/DF/23/87/DF2387A4E40AC32FFEA7F9D7FC2BA4DC.xml b/data/DF/23/87/DF2387A4E40AC32FFEA7F9D7FC2BA4DC.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..817d87f310f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/DF/23/87/DF2387A4E40AC32FFEA7F9D7FC2BA4DC.xml @@ -0,0 +1,109 @@ + + + +Phylogenetic analysis of the family Cyamidae (Crustacea: Amphipoda): a review based on morphological characters + + + +Author + +Iwasa-Arai, Tammy + + + +Author + +Serejo, Cristiana Silveira + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +184 + + +66 +94 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +10DD3F3-373B-4EE4-9802-B48FC2B8FFD5 + + + + + + +CYAMINAE + + + +SUBFAM +. +NOV +. + + + + + + + +Diagnosis: +Body usually large. Antenna 1 with multiple grouping of setae on terminal article; antenna 2 with four articles. +Lacinia mobilis +multituberculate with variation in the number of teeth. Lower lip with inner lobes partly fused (except + +B. balaenopterae + +). Lateral gills elongate. Accessory gills of male always present. Accessory gills of female usually present. Genital valve anterior margin setose. Carpus of pereopods usually with a process on posterior margin. Dactyli of pereopods slightly curved. + + + +Type +genus: + + +Cyamus +Latreille, 1796 + +. +Remarks: +This subfamily was erected based on the synapomorphies of + +Balaenocyamus + +gen. nov. +and + +Cyamus + +, which were previously considered to be a single genus. Species of this subfamily are generally larger, host specific, and parasitize baleen whales and large odontocetes of the families +Monodontidae +, +Ziphiidae +and +Physeteridae +. + + +Genera: + +Cyamus +Latreille, 1796 + +, + +Balaenocyamus + +gen. nov. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/DF/23/87/DF2387A4E40AC32FFED2FC3FFD90A0C6.xml b/data/DF/23/87/DF2387A4E40AC32FFED2FC3FFD90A0C6.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..dc6724bb6ae --- /dev/null +++ b/data/DF/23/87/DF2387A4E40AC32FFED2FC3FFD90A0C6.xml @@ -0,0 +1,94 @@ + + + +Phylogenetic analysis of the family Cyamidae (Crustacea: Amphipoda): a review based on morphological characters + + + +Author + +Iwasa-Arai, Tammy + + + +Author + +Serejo, Cristiana Silveira + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +184 + + +66 +94 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +10DD3F3-373B-4EE4-9802-B48FC2B8FFD5 + + + + + + + +SYNCYAMUS + + +BOWMAN +, 1955 + + + + + + + +Diagnosis: +Antenna 1 short, four-articulated. Maxillipeds triangular, fused basally, palps lacking. Gnathopod 1 palm short, dactyli very recurved; gnathopod 2 propodus robust, palm short. Pereonites 3 and 4 short, with uniramous lateral gills. Accessory gills present. Oostegites plates 3–4 boot -shaped. + + + +Type +species: + + +Syncyamus pseudorcae +Bowman, 1955 + +. + + +R e m a rk s: S y n c y a m u s +i s a w i d e s p r e a d g e n u s, apparently related to warm water dolphins. + + +Species: + +Syncyamus pseudorcae +Bowman, 1955 + +, + +S. aequus +Lincoln & Hurley, 1981 + +and + +S. ilheusensis +Haney, De Almeida & Reis, 2004 + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/DF/23/87/DF2387A4E40AC32FFF0DFEF5FDEEA692.xml b/data/DF/23/87/DF2387A4E40AC32FFF0DFEF5FDEEA692.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..20f71225f8c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/DF/23/87/DF2387A4E40AC32FFF0DFEF5FDEEA692.xml @@ -0,0 +1,110 @@ + + + +Phylogenetic analysis of the family Cyamidae (Crustacea: Amphipoda): a review based on morphological characters + + + +Author + +Iwasa-Arai, Tammy + + + +Author + +Serejo, Cristiana Silveira + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +184 + + +66 +94 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +10DD3F3-373B-4EE4-9802-B48FC2B8FFD5 + + + + + + + +SCUTOCYAMUS + +LINCOLN +& +HURLEY +, 1974 + + + + + + +Diagnosis: +Body small, stout. Antenna 1 very reduced, two-articulated; antenna 2 minute, one-articulated. Gnathopod 1 simple, palm straight; gnathopod 2 without palm, with a particular crevisse bearing a spine. Pereonites 3 and 4 very short; lateral gills uniramous; accessory gills lacking. Oostegite plates boot shaped. + + + +Type +species: + + +Scutocyamus parvus +Lincoln & Hurley, 1974 + +. + + + +Remarks: +Scutocyamus + +is a genus of small, temperate water dolphins, and its distribution is largely unknown. + +Scutocyamus parvus + +was reported from the white-beaked dolphin + +Lagenorhynchus albirostris + +from the North Sea, and later on, + +S. antipodensis + +was described from Hector’s dolphins + +Cephalorhynchus hectori + +from +New Zealand +. + + +Species: + +Scutocyamus parvus +Lincoln & Hurley, 1974 + +; + +S. antipodensis +Lincoln & Hurley, 1980 + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/DF/23/87/DF2387A4E40BC32EFED4FF07FE2DA344.xml b/data/DF/23/87/DF2387A4E40BC32EFED4FF07FE2DA344.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..454b2b7a72a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/DF/23/87/DF2387A4E40BC32EFED4FF07FE2DA344.xml @@ -0,0 +1,146 @@ + + + +Phylogenetic analysis of the family Cyamidae (Crustacea: Amphipoda): a review based on morphological characters + + + +Author + +Iwasa-Arai, Tammy + + + +Author + +Serejo, Cristiana Silveira + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2018 + +184 + + +66 +94 + + + +journal article +0024-4082 +10DD3F3-373B-4EE4-9802-B48FC2B8FFD5 + + + + + + + +CYAMUS + +LATREILLE +, 1796 + + + + + + +Diagnosis: +Antenna 1 usually long, with four articles. Incisor of left mandible usually with five teeth; lower lip partly fused. Pereonites 3 and 4 wider or subequal in width to pereonite +5 in +males and wider in females. Pereonite 4 of male with a posterolateral knoblike process. Accessory gills of female usually present, oval. + + + +Type +species: + + +Cyamus ceti +(Linnaeus, 1758) + +. +Remarks: +Most species of + +Cyamus + +are host specific, and some whales can host more than one + +Cyamus +species. + +It is the largest genus and is the most studied, owing to commercial whaling of and large amounts of parasites on slow-moving cetaceans. + + +Species: + +Cyamus ceti +(Linnaeus, 1758) + +, + +C. boopis + +L ü t k e n, 1 8 7 0, +C. c a t o d o n t i s +M a r g o l i s, 1 9 5 4, + +C. erraticus +Roussel de Vauzème, 1834 + +, + +C. eschrichtii +Margolis + +, +McDonald +& Boulsfield, 2000, + +C. gracilis +Roussel de Vauzème, 1834 + +, + +C. kessleri +A Brandt, 1873 + +, + +C. mesorubraedon +Margolis + +, +McDonald +& Boulsfield, 2000, + +C. monodontis +Lütken, 1870 + +, + +C. nodosus +Lütken, 1860 + +, + +C. ovalis +Roussel de Vauzème, 1834 + +and + +C. scammoni +Dall, 1872 + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file