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data/A3/58/1C/A3581C53B811C0B48E0BCC03BB91E447.xml
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<taxonomicName id="ED8E7FB450940C5BE4E9F815AB411A76" ID-CoL="6NZQQ" ID-ENA="1039499" authority="Perez, 1903" authorityName="Perez" authorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Lasioglossum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lasioglossum fratellum" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1115" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fratellum">
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Lasioglossum fratellum (
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, 1903)
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<paragraph id="24187D788E3F4F0436863542F508E978" pageId="0" pageNumber="1115">Materials</paragraph>
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<materialsCitation id="B8AB50310CB29E3FB9823A72680440D7" collectingDate="2007-12-09" collectingMethod="manual catch" collectorName="S. Bossert" country="Austria" latitude="47.02235" location="Zemmgrund" longitude="11.814313" pageId="0" pageNumber="1115" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="Other material">
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Type status:
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<typeStatus id="7450B0E8A3679638A5B3FFD47FEFFBC8" pageId="0" pageNumber="1115">Other material</typeStatus>
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. Occurrence: occurrenceRemarks: on Leontodon sp.; recordedBy:
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<collectorName id="07E025F3C6AEE1CD812389AF6C1BAA4F" pageId="0" pageNumber="1115">S. Bossert</collectorName>
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<specimenCount id="51B56A261843195CBF3062ECDDD0F23D" pageId="0" pageNumber="1115">1</specimenCount>
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; sex:
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<specimenCount id="1E446FAE6A3C47FC7049F8E031996740" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
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; Location: country:
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<collectingCountry id="8A4F0572C59BB189D12B5D9445AC0BC5" pageId="0" pageNumber="1115">Austria</collectingCountry>
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; stateProvince: Tyrol; locality:
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<location id="860EF939C465DB7A97CD9227F810990E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A3581C53B811C0B48E0BCC03BB91E447:860EF939C465DB7A97CD9227F810990E" country="Austria" latitude="47.02235" longitude="11.814313" name="Zemmgrund" pageId="0" pageNumber="1115">Zemmgrund</location>
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; verbatimElevation:
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<elevation id="A54AD54E15898E25C0CC8B6C2ACBEFA7" pageId="0" pageNumber="1115">2004 m</elevation>
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; Event: samplingProtocol:
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<collectingMethod id="9D06EA0A202083D4BC8B641B4ADA7243" pageId="0" pageNumber="1115">manual catch</collectingMethod>
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; eventDate:
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<collectingDate id="E4EE6E15AB4E7AA14E97328DA3D2524C" pageId="0" pageNumber="1115" value="2007-12-09">07-09-12</collectingDate>
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; habitat: alpine meadow
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</materialsCitation>
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<materialsCitation id="0E4F9B5200330B49159875FD8A0C1046" collectingDate="2007-12-06" collectingMethod="manual catch" collectorName="S. Bossert" country="Austria" latitude="47.022312" location="Zemmgrund" longitude="11.814189" pageId="0" pageNumber="1115" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" typeStatus="Other material">
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Type status:
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<typeStatus id="BEDF4821CF041A4F6CDADB007BD97CB2" pageId="0" pageNumber="1115">Other material</typeStatus>
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. Occurrence: occurrenceRemarks: on Potentilla sp. and Myosotis sp.; recordedBy:
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<collectorName id="95B4D9F4547C6AE24BD659F0DEB4CB66" pageId="0" pageNumber="1115">S. Bossert</collectorName>
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; individualCount:
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<specimenCount id="F773C3CE4A05C21B7D286645FCD45B4E" pageId="0" pageNumber="1115">2</specimenCount>
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; sex:
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<specimenCount id="EC9924848FFB3864501CA73F7F4CC409" type="female">2 females</specimenCount>
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; Location: country:
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F1E280397AF3BEA9570E5BE2E1F2AA38" pageId="0" pageNumber="1115">Austria</collectingCountry>
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; stateProvince: Tyrol; locality:
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<location id="CECE768EFD30DA2CAFD6583EDD5B6C15" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A3581C53B811C0B48E0BCC03BB91E447:CECE768EFD30DA2CAFD6583EDD5B6C15" country="Austria" latitude="47.022312" longitude="11.814189" name="Zemmgrund" pageId="0" pageNumber="1115">Zemmgrund</location>
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; verbatimElevation:
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<elevation id="DE424B2505125FAD3D96B20985105645" pageId="0" pageNumber="1115">2001 m</elevation>
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; Event: samplingProtocol:
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<collectingMethod id="C81456BC565285F893A853104753E753" pageId="0" pageNumber="1115">manual catch</collectingMethod>
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; eventDate:
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<collectingDate id="10A04B616201E77EE0BC74139E5F0284" pageId="0" pageNumber="1115" value="2007-12-06">07-06-12</collectingDate>
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; habitat: alpine meadow
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="154848C6A95479E47643A630079ECE23" pageId="0" pageNumber="1115">Distribution</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="6D8E57EDFB957E8D569713245B2574CE" pageId="0" pageNumber="1115">
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||||
Western Palaeartic (
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<bibRefCitation id="16E90BA767D04806DA7372A0746C3C52" author="Ebmer, A. W." journalOrPublisher="Linzer biol. Beitr." pageId="0" pageNumber="1115" pagination="527 - 711" title="Kritische Liste der nicht-parasitischen Halictidae Oesterreichs mit Beruecksichtigung aller mitteleuropaeischen Arten (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Apoidea: Halictidae)" volume="20" year="1988">Ebmer 1988</bibRefCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document>
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86
data/A3/58/86/A3588669FFAA2128FF2550756D151473.xml
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Genus
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<emphasis id="1985EB6DFFAA2128FF5C50756873172F" bold="true" box="[238,362,353,379]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">Tripedalia</emphasis>
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Definition (redefined after
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="4F604A8EFFAA2128FE7450B36B4917EB" author="Moore" box="[454,592,423,447]" pageId="5" pageNumber="538" refString="Moore, S. J. (1988) A new species of cubomedusan (Cubozoa: Cnidaria) from Northern Australia. The Beagle, Records of the Northern Territory Museum of Arts and Sciences, 5 (1), 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1988">Moore 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="4F604A8EFFAA2128FD3550B26A8017EB" author="Bentlage" box="[647,921,422,447]" pageId="5" pageNumber="538" refString="Bentlage, B. & Lewis, C. (2012) An illustrated key and synopsis of the families and genera of carybdeid box jellyfishes (Cnidaria: Cubozoa: Carybdeida), with emphasis on the " Irukandji family " (Carukiidae). Journal of Natural History, 46 (41 - 42), 2595 - 2620. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1080 / 00222933.2012.717645" type="journal article" year="2012">Bentlage & Lewis 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ECF14CFCFFAA2128FC1E50B26D5917EB" box="[940,1088,422,447]" class="Cubozoa" family="Tripedaliidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carybdeida" pageId="5" pageNumber="538" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Tripedaliidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
with four interradial groups of 2 or 3 unbranched pedalia, each bearing a single tentacle. Rhopalia niche forming a roof without covering scale. Larviparous.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="63EB64F4FFAA2128FF75531B6D151473" box="[199,1036,526,551]" pageId="5" pageNumber="538" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="2B4E377FFFAA2128FF75531B6D151473" blockId="5.[151,1436,422,551]" box="[199,1036,526,551]" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="F44A89DDFFAA2128FF75531B69E61473" box="[199,255,527,551]" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">Type</typeStatus>
|
||||
species:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ECF14CFCFFAA2128FED7531A6BEE1473" authority="Conant 1897" authorityName="Conant" authorityYear="1897" box="[357,759,526,551]" class="Cubozoa" family="Carybdeidae" genus="Tripedalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cubomedusae" pageId="5" pageNumber="538" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cystophora">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1985EB6DFFAA2128FED7531A6B441473" box="[357,605,526,551]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">Tripedalia cystophora</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="4F604A8EFFAA2128FDD6531B6BEE1473" author="Conant" box="[612,759,527,551]" pageId="5" pageNumber="538" refString="Conant, F. S. (1897) Notes on the Cubomedusae. Johns Hopkins University Circulars, 132, 8 - 10." type="journal article" year="1897">Conant 1897</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, by original designation.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
193
data/A3/58/86/A3588669FFAA2128FF2553796D6B105E.xml
Normal file
193
data/A3/58/86/A3588669FFAA2128FF2553796D6B105E.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
|
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<mods:titleInfo id="5F23B793ACA2F205A0E06F16B3D53B8B">
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<mods:title id="7CD7D3701EFC698F3C605D6CD614AA7C">Sexual dimorphism in Tripedaliidae (Conant 1897) (Cnidaria, Cubozoa, Carybdeida)</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
|
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<mods:name id="92A3D6B69D1ECC848D233FF921A51A54" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="5FF25FD86B9B76899797F20707E9DD57">Straehler-Pohl, Ilka</mods:namePart>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="0BEE6BAAB8BF88076E46570AA0046F8D">Garm, Anders</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="D832CA736192A3D3940CF47374114D52">Morandini, André C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="E41C6CB9E728C25D14D0BB01E71D86C4">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="9748FC27BA3B1347D7FD4D97D0C25990">2014</mods:date>
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<treatment id="A3588669FFAA2128FF2553796D6B105E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6125849" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119422335" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6125849" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A3588669FFAA2128FF2553796D6B105E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A3588669FFAA2128FF2553796D6B105E" lastPageNumber="538" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">
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<subSubSection id="63EB64F4FFAA2128FF2553796AF714D3" box="[151,1006,621,647]" pageId="5" pageNumber="538" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph id="2B4E377FFFAA2128FF2553796AF714D3" blockId="5.[151,1006,621,647]" box="[151,1006,621,647]" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">
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<heading id="70068013FFAA2128FF2553796AF714D3" bold="true" box="[151,1006,621,647]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="538" reason="1">
|
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<emphasis id="1985EB6DFFAA2128FF2553796AF714D3" bold="true" box="[151,1006,621,647]" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ECF14CFCFFAA2128FF2553796B1A14D3" authority="Moore 1988" authorityName="Moore" authorityYear="1988" box="[151,515,621,647]" class="Cubozoa" family="Carybdeidae" genus="Tripedalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cubomedusae" pageId="5" pageNumber="538" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="binata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1985EB6DFFAA2128FF255379687F14D3" bold="true" box="[151,358,621,647]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">Tripedalia binata</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="4F604A8EFFAA2128FEDC53796B1A14D3" author="Moore" box="[366,515,621,647]" pageId="5" pageNumber="538" refString="Moore, S. J. (1988) A new species of cubomedusan (Cubozoa: Cnidaria) from Northern Australia. The Beagle, Records of the Northern Territory Museum of Arts and Sciences, 5 (1), 1 - 4." type="journal article" year="1988">Moore 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ECF14CFCFFAA2128FDF253796AF714D3" authority="Conant 1897" authorityName="Conant" authorityYear="1897" box="[576,1006,621,647]" class="Cubozoa" family="Carybdeidae" genus="Tripedalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cubomedusae" pageId="5" pageNumber="538" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cystophora">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1985EB6DFFAA2128FDF253796A5E14D3" bold="true" box="[576,839,621,647]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">Tripedalia cystophora</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="4F604A8EFFAA2128FCFD53796AF714D3" author="Conant" box="[847,1006,621,647]" pageId="5" pageNumber="538" refString="Conant, F. S. (1897) Notes on the Cubomedusae. Johns Hopkins University Circulars, 132, 8 - 10." type="journal article" year="1897">Conant 1897</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="63EB64F4FFAA2128FF2553A66D6B105E" pageId="5" pageNumber="538" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="2B4E377FFFAA2128FF2553A66BC615CF" blockId="5.[151,1436,690,1547]" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1985EB6DFFAA2128FF2553A66BFB149F" bold="true" box="[151,738,690,715]" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">Description and comparison of adult medusae.</emphasis>
|
||||
Both species with cuboid bell, whitish transparent with a yellowish to brownish tinge in colour, with rounded edge (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B3CA2BFAFFAA2128FC9353C16A9314BA" box="[801,906,725,750]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1771,1793]" captionTargetBox="[203,1366,193,1742]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[203,1366,193,1743]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Tripedalia binata (two medusae from paratype material NTM C 2944 a – i; scales: 1 mm). A: mature male medusa. B: mature, stick-shaped, male gonads. C: velarium of mature male medusa (vc = velarial canals). D: pedalium. E: epauletteshaped gastric phacellum. F: rhopalial niche and rhopalial horns (arrows, horn contours outlined by hand). G: mature female medusa, note horizontal constriction near apex (arrows). H: mature, butterfly wing-shaped, female gonads. I: velarium of mature female medusa, note conspicuously white tips of velarial canals (vc / msp = velarial canals). J: velarium of a specimen with further developed canal system giving the impression of more than 6 main canals per quadrant, note main canal 1 shows three, partly lobed branches (bracket encloses three branches), main canals 2 and 3 simple, main canal 4 shows one side branch, main canal 5 simple, main canal 6 shows lobation and the beginning of a second branch (f = frenulum; tb = tentacle base) (photo provided by A. Underwood)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250283/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">Figures 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
A, G;
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B3CA2BFAFFAA2128FC7D53C16D2114BA" box="[975,1080,725,750]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1741,1763]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1718]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1720]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Tripedalia cystophora (preserved material, scales: 1 mm). A: mature male medusa. B: mature, butterfly wingshaped, male gonads. C: velarium of mature male medusa (vc = velarial canals). D: stomach with epaulette-shaped gastric phacellae. E: rhopalial niche. F: pedalium. G: tentacle structure. H: mature female medusa. I: mature, longish-oval shaped, female gonads. J: velarium of mature female medusa, note conspicuously white tips of velarial canals (vc = velarial canals)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250284/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">Figures 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
A, H). In
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ECF14CFCFFAA2128FB1053C16C7C14BA" box="[1186,1381,725,750]" class="Cubozoa" family="Carybdeidae" genus="Tripedalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cubomedusae" pageId="5" pageNumber="538" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="binata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1985EB6DFFAA2128FB1053C16C7C14BA" box="[1186,1381,725,750]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">Tripedalia binata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, bell sparsely covered with nematocyst warts, in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ECF14CFCFFAA2128FDCF53E36A6C1544" box="[637,885,759,784]" class="Cubozoa" family="Carybdeidae" genus="Tripedalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cubomedusae" pageId="5" pageNumber="538" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cystophora">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1985EB6DFFAA2128FDCF53E36A6C1544" box="[637,885,759,784]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">Tripedalia cystophora</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
nematocyst warts frame mainly bell outline from apex edge to velarium; apex of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ECF14CFCFFAA2128FE4C520E6BDA1567" box="[510,707,794,819]" class="Cubozoa" family="Carybdeidae" genus="Tripedalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cubomedusae" pageId="5" pageNumber="538" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="binata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1985EB6DFFAA2128FE4C520E6BDA1567" box="[510,707,794,819]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">Tripedalia binata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
flattened with slight horizontal constriction near the top (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B3CA2BFAFFAA2128FAE3520E69BA1502" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1771,1793]" captionTargetBox="[203,1366,193,1742]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[203,1366,193,1743]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Tripedalia binata (two medusae from paratype material NTM C 2944 a – i; scales: 1 mm). A: mature male medusa. B: mature, stick-shaped, male gonads. C: velarium of mature male medusa (vc = velarial canals). D: pedalium. E: epauletteshaped gastric phacellum. F: rhopalial niche and rhopalial horns (arrows, horn contours outlined by hand). G: mature female medusa, note horizontal constriction near apex (arrows). H: mature, butterfly wing-shaped, female gonads. I: velarium of mature female medusa, note conspicuously white tips of velarial canals (vc / msp = velarial canals). J: velarium of a specimen with further developed canal system giving the impression of more than 6 main canals per quadrant, note main canal 1 shows three, partly lobed branches (bracket encloses three branches), main canals 2 and 3 simple, main canal 4 shows one side branch, main canal 5 simple, main canal 6 shows lobation and the beginning of a second branch (f = frenulum; tb = tentacle base) (photo provided by A. Underwood)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250283/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
G, arrows), apex of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ECF14CFCFFAA2128FE3F52296B901502" box="[397,649,829,854]" class="Cubozoa" family="Carybdeidae" genus="Tripedalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cubomedusae" pageId="5" pageNumber="538" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cystophora">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1985EB6DFFAA2128FE3F52296B901502" box="[397,649,829,854]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">Tripedalia cystophora</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
slightly arched, no horizontal constriction; in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ECF14CFCFFAA2128FB1052296C711502" box="[1186,1384,829,854]" class="Cubozoa" family="Carybdeidae" genus="Tripedalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cubomedusae" pageId="5" pageNumber="538" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="binata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1985EB6DFFAA2128FB1052296C711502" box="[1186,1384,829,854]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">Tripedalia binata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
bell heights up to
|
||||
<quantity id="EC099A9AFFAA2128FE82527468991523" box="[304,384,864,888]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="5" pageNumber="538" unit="mm" value="11.0">11 mm</quantity>
|
||||
, bell width up to
|
||||
<quantity id="EC099A9AFFAA2128FDF752746B8D1523" box="[581,660,864,888]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="5" pageNumber="538" unit="mm" value="14.0">14 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(interpedalia distance), in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ECF14CFCFFAA2128FC73524B6DA3152C" box="[961,1210,863,888]" class="Cubozoa" family="Carybdeidae" genus="Tripedalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cubomedusae" pageId="5" pageNumber="538" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cystophora">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1985EB6DFFAA2128FC73524B6DA3152C" box="[961,1210,863,888]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">Tripedalia cystophora</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
bell height up to
|
||||
<quantity id="EC099A9AFFAA2128FA32527469DC15CE" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="538" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
|
||||
, bell width up to
|
||||
<quantity id="EC099A9AFFAA2128FE3A529668CE15CE" box="[392,471,898,923]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="5" pageNumber="538" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(interpedalia distance).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="2B4E377FFFAA2128FF7552B26B7B1286" blockId="5.[151,1436,690,1547]" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">
|
||||
Groups of two (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ECF14CFCFFAA2128FE3952B16B4C15EA" box="[395,597,933,958]" class="Cubozoa" family="Carybdeidae" genus="Tripedalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cubomedusae" pageId="5" pageNumber="538" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="binata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1985EB6DFFAA2128FE3952B16B4C15EA" box="[395,597,933,958]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">Tripedalia binata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) or three (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ECF14CFCFFAA2128FD6F52B16AC215EA" box="[733,987,933,958]" class="Cubozoa" family="Carybdeidae" genus="Tripedalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cubomedusae" pageId="5" pageNumber="538" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cystophora">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1985EB6DFFAA2128FD6F52B16AC215EA" box="[733,987,933,958]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">Tripedalia cystophora</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) flattened, slender knife-blade-shaped pedalia with one tentacle each located at interradial corner of bell rim (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B3CA2BFAFFAA2128FC0352D36D0815B4" box="[945,1041,967,992]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1771,1793]" captionTargetBox="[203,1366,193,1742]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[203,1366,193,1743]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Tripedalia binata (two medusae from paratype material NTM C 2944 a – i; scales: 1 mm). A: mature male medusa. B: mature, stick-shaped, male gonads. C: velarium of mature male medusa (vc = velarial canals). D: pedalium. E: epauletteshaped gastric phacellum. F: rhopalial niche and rhopalial horns (arrows, horn contours outlined by hand). G: mature female medusa, note horizontal constriction near apex (arrows). H: mature, butterfly wing-shaped, female gonads. I: velarium of mature female medusa, note conspicuously white tips of velarial canals (vc / msp = velarial canals). J: velarium of a specimen with further developed canal system giving the impression of more than 6 main canals per quadrant, note main canal 1 shows three, partly lobed branches (bracket encloses three branches), main canals 2 and 3 simple, main canal 4 shows one side branch, main canal 5 simple, main canal 6 shows lobation and the beginning of a second branch (f = frenulum; tb = tentacle base) (photo provided by A. Underwood)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250283/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
D;
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B3CA2BFAFFAA2128FB8652D36D8A15B4" box="[1076,1171,967,992]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1741,1763]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1718]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1720]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Tripedalia cystophora (preserved material, scales: 1 mm). A: mature male medusa. B: mature, butterfly wingshaped, male gonads. C: velarium of mature male medusa (vc = velarial canals). D: stomach with epaulette-shaped gastric phacellae. E: rhopalial niche. F: pedalium. G: tentacle structure. H: mature female medusa. I: mature, longish-oval shaped, female gonads. J: velarium of mature female medusa, note conspicuously white tips of velarial canals (vc = velarial canals)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250284/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
F); pedalia length ca. 1/ 2–2/3 bell height. In
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ECF14CFCFFAA2128FE2252FE6B941257" box="[400,653,1002,1027]" class="Cubozoa" family="Carybdeidae" genus="Tripedalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cubomedusae" pageId="5" pageNumber="538" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cystophora">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1985EB6DFFAA2128FE2252FE6B941257" box="[400,653,1002,1027]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">Tripedalia cystophora</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
outer wing keel length lined by nematocyst band. In both species, pedalial canals show slight bend, round knee; tentacles resemble string of beads with white (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ECF14CFCFFAA2128FB1B55196C741272" box="[1193,1389,1037,1062]" class="Cubozoa" family="Carybdeidae" genus="Tripedalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cubomedusae" pageId="5" pageNumber="538" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="binata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1985EB6DFFAA2128FB1B55196C741272" box="[1193,1389,1037,1062]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">Tripedalia binata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ECF14CFCFFAA2128FF25553B688B121C" box="[151,402,1071,1096]" class="Cubozoa" family="Carybdeidae" genus="Tripedalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cubomedusae" pageId="5" pageNumber="538" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cystophora">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1985EB6DFFAA2128FF25553B688B121C" box="[151,402,1071,1096]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">Tripedalia cystophora</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) nematocyst batteries in life specimens (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B3CA2BFAFFAA2128FCC6553B6AC0121C" box="[884,985,1071,1096]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1741,1763]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1718]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1720]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Tripedalia cystophora (preserved material, scales: 1 mm). A: mature male medusa. B: mature, butterfly wingshaped, male gonads. C: velarium of mature male medusa (vc = velarial canals). D: stomach with epaulette-shaped gastric phacellae. E: rhopalial niche. F: pedalium. G: tentacle structure. H: mature female medusa. I: mature, longish-oval shaped, female gonads. J: velarium of mature female medusa, note conspicuously white tips of velarial canals (vc = velarial canals)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250284/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
G). Rhopalium located inside rhopalial niche cavity on each side of bell, 1/3 of bell height up from margin, (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ECF14CFCFFAA2128FC7E55466D8B123F" box="[972,1170,1106,1131]" class="Cubozoa" family="Carybdeidae" genus="Tripedalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cubomedusae" pageId="5" pageNumber="538" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="binata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1985EB6DFFAA2128FC7E55466D8B123F" box="[972,1170,1106,1131]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">Tripedalia binata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B3CA2BFAFFAA2128FB1655466C1C123F" box="[1188,1285,1106,1131]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1771,1793]" captionTargetBox="[203,1366,193,1742]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[203,1366,193,1743]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Tripedalia binata (two medusae from paratype material NTM C 2944 a – i; scales: 1 mm). A: mature male medusa. B: mature, stick-shaped, male gonads. C: velarium of mature male medusa (vc = velarial canals). D: pedalium. E: epauletteshaped gastric phacellum. F: rhopalial niche and rhopalial horns (arrows, horn contours outlined by hand). G: mature female medusa, note horizontal constriction near apex (arrows). H: mature, butterfly wing-shaped, female gonads. I: velarium of mature female medusa, note conspicuously white tips of velarial canals (vc / msp = velarial canals). J: velarium of a specimen with further developed canal system giving the impression of more than 6 main canals per quadrant, note main canal 1 shows three, partly lobed branches (bracket encloses three branches), main canals 2 and 3 simple, main canal 4 shows one side branch, main canal 5 simple, main canal 6 shows lobation and the beginning of a second branch (f = frenulum; tb = tentacle base) (photo provided by A. Underwood)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250283/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
F;
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ECF14CFCFFAA2128FA955546680A12DA" class="Cubozoa" family="Carybdeidae" genus="Tripedalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cubomedusae" pageId="5" pageNumber="538" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cystophora">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1985EB6DFFAA2128FA955546680A12DA" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">Tripedalia cystophora</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B3CA2BFAFFAA2128FE975561689112DA" box="[293,392,1141,1166]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1741,1763]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1718]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1720]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Tripedalia cystophora (preserved material, scales: 1 mm). A: mature male medusa. B: mature, butterfly wingshaped, male gonads. C: velarium of mature male medusa (vc = velarial canals). D: stomach with epaulette-shaped gastric phacellae. E: rhopalial niche. F: pedalium. G: tentacle structure. H: mature female medusa. I: mature, longish-oval shaped, female gonads. J: velarium of mature female medusa, note conspicuously white tips of velarial canals (vc = velarial canals)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250284/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
E), niche forms a roof without upper nor lower covering scale. Short, very faint, “viking helmet-horn”-like rhopalial horns extend from top of rhopalial niche in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ECF14CFCFFAA2128FC7A55836D9412E4" box="[968,1165,1175,1200]" class="Cubozoa" family="Carybdeidae" genus="Tripedalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cubomedusae" pageId="5" pageNumber="538" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="binata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1985EB6DFFAA2128FC7A55836D9412E4" box="[968,1165,1175,1200]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">Tripedalia binata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B3CA2BFAFFAA2128FB2F55836DE412E4" box="[1181,1277,1175,1200]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1771,1793]" captionTargetBox="[203,1366,193,1742]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[203,1366,193,1743]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Tripedalia binata (two medusae from paratype material NTM C 2944 a – i; scales: 1 mm). A: mature male medusa. B: mature, stick-shaped, male gonads. C: velarium of mature male medusa (vc = velarial canals). D: pedalium. E: epauletteshaped gastric phacellum. F: rhopalial niche and rhopalial horns (arrows, horn contours outlined by hand). G: mature female medusa, note horizontal constriction near apex (arrows). H: mature, butterfly wing-shaped, female gonads. I: velarium of mature female medusa, note conspicuously white tips of velarial canals (vc / msp = velarial canals). J: velarium of a specimen with further developed canal system giving the impression of more than 6 main canals per quadrant, note main canal 1 shows three, partly lobed branches (bracket encloses three branches), main canals 2 and 3 simple, main canal 4 shows one side branch, main canal 5 simple, main canal 6 shows lobation and the beginning of a second branch (f = frenulum; tb = tentacle base) (photo provided by A. Underwood)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250283/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
F, arrows), no rhopalial horns in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ECF14CFCFFAA2128FED155AE6B421287" box="[355,603,1210,1235]" class="Cubozoa" family="Carybdeidae" genus="Tripedalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cubomedusae" pageId="5" pageNumber="538" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="cystophora">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1985EB6DFFAA2128FED155AE6B421287" box="[355,603,1210,1235]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">Tripedalia cystophora</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="2B4E377FFFAA2128FF7555C96A2F130A" blockId="5.[151,1436,690,1547]" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">
|
||||
Velarium, measuring ca. 1/5–1/6 width of bell base, containing 6, sharp-pointed-triangular velarial canals per quadrant in both species (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B3CA2BFAFFAA2128FE0455EB6B39134C" box="[438,544,1279,1304]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1771,1793]" captionTargetBox="[203,1366,193,1742]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[203,1366,193,1743]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Tripedalia binata (two medusae from paratype material NTM C 2944 a – i; scales: 1 mm). A: mature male medusa. B: mature, stick-shaped, male gonads. C: velarium of mature male medusa (vc = velarial canals). D: pedalium. E: epauletteshaped gastric phacellum. F: rhopalial niche and rhopalial horns (arrows, horn contours outlined by hand). G: mature female medusa, note horizontal constriction near apex (arrows). H: mature, butterfly wing-shaped, female gonads. I: velarium of mature female medusa, note conspicuously white tips of velarial canals (vc / msp = velarial canals). J: velarium of a specimen with further developed canal system giving the impression of more than 6 main canals per quadrant, note main canal 1 shows three, partly lobed branches (bracket encloses three branches), main canals 2 and 3 simple, main canal 4 shows one side branch, main canal 5 simple, main canal 6 shows lobation and the beginning of a second branch (f = frenulum; tb = tentacle base) (photo provided by A. Underwood)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250283/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">Figures 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
C, I, J;
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B3CA2BFAFFAA2128FDC555EB6BF9134C" box="[631,736,1279,1304]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1798,1820]" captionTargetBox="[196,1396,193,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[196,1396,193,1775]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Copula sivickisi (scales: 1 mm). A: mature male medusa, note purple tentacle stripes (live specimen). B: mature male gonads (live specimen). C: velarium of mature male medusa (vc = velarial canals). D: adhesive pads on apex (preserved), note ivory coloured gastric phacellae shining through. E: rhopalial niche with keyhole-shaped opening and rhopalial horns (arrows, horn contours outlined by hand). F: pedalium. G: tentacle structure (in life). H: mature female medusa (in life). I: mature female gonads (in life). J: velarium of mature female medusa (preserved) with yellow “ velarial spots ”, colour due to preservation (vc / msp = velarial canals marked as maturity spots). K: velarium of mature female medusa (live specimen) with white “ velarial spots ” (photo provided by Ronald Petie)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250282/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">Figures 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
C, J), in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ECF14CFCFFAA2128FCF155EB6D1D134C" box="[835,1028,1279,1304]" class="Cubozoa" family="Carybdeidae" genus="Tripedalia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Cubomedusae" pageId="5" pageNumber="538" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="binata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1985EB6DFFAA2128FCF155EB6D1D134C" box="[835,1028,1279,1304]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">Tripedalia binata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
main canals flanking pedalia and/or frenulae can grow branches or side canals in further development (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B3CA2BFAFFAA2128FCCC54366AC4136F" box="[894,989,1314,1339]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1771,1793]" captionTargetBox="[203,1366,193,1742]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[203,1366,193,1743]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Tripedalia binata (two medusae from paratype material NTM C 2944 a – i; scales: 1 mm). A: mature male medusa. B: mature, stick-shaped, male gonads. C: velarium of mature male medusa (vc = velarial canals). D: pedalium. E: epauletteshaped gastric phacellum. F: rhopalial niche and rhopalial horns (arrows, horn contours outlined by hand). G: mature female medusa, note horizontal constriction near apex (arrows). H: mature, butterfly wing-shaped, female gonads. I: velarium of mature female medusa, note conspicuously white tips of velarial canals (vc / msp = velarial canals). J: velarium of a specimen with further developed canal system giving the impression of more than 6 main canals per quadrant, note main canal 1 shows three, partly lobed branches (bracket encloses three branches), main canals 2 and 3 simple, main canal 4 shows one side branch, main canal 5 simple, main canal 6 shows lobation and the beginning of a second branch (f = frenulum; tb = tentacle base) (photo provided by A. Underwood)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250283/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
J). Mature females in both species show stark white coloured velarial canal tips (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B3CA2BFAFFAA2128FDF954516BB1130A" box="[587,680,1349,1374]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1771,1793]" captionTargetBox="[203,1366,193,1742]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[203,1366,193,1743]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Tripedalia binata (two medusae from paratype material NTM C 2944 a – i; scales: 1 mm). A: mature male medusa. B: mature, stick-shaped, male gonads. C: velarium of mature male medusa (vc = velarial canals). D: pedalium. E: epauletteshaped gastric phacellum. F: rhopalial niche and rhopalial horns (arrows, horn contours outlined by hand). G: mature female medusa, note horizontal constriction near apex (arrows). H: mature, butterfly wing-shaped, female gonads. I: velarium of mature female medusa, note conspicuously white tips of velarial canals (vc / msp = velarial canals). J: velarium of a specimen with further developed canal system giving the impression of more than 6 main canals per quadrant, note main canal 1 shows three, partly lobed branches (bracket encloses three branches), main canals 2 and 3 simple, main canal 4 shows one side branch, main canal 5 simple, main canal 6 shows lobation and the beginning of a second branch (f = frenulum; tb = tentacle base) (photo provided by A. Underwood)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250283/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">
|
||||
Figure
|
||||
<date id="5F4F11BFFFAA2128FD2854526BB1130A" box="[666,680,1350,1374]" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">3</date>
|
||||
</figureCitation>
|
||||
I;
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B3CA2BFAFFAA2128FD7254516A04130A" box="[704,797,1349,1374]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1741,1763]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1718]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1720]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Tripedalia cystophora (preserved material, scales: 1 mm). A: mature male medusa. B: mature, butterfly wingshaped, male gonads. C: velarium of mature male medusa (vc = velarial canals). D: stomach with epaulette-shaped gastric phacellae. E: rhopalial niche. F: pedalium. G: tentacle structure. H: mature female medusa. I: mature, longish-oval shaped, female gonads. J: velarium of mature female medusa, note conspicuously white tips of velarial canals (vc = velarial canals)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250284/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
J).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="2B4E377FFFAA2128FF75547C680E1392" blockId="5.[151,1436,690,1547]" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">
|
||||
In both species, long, four-lobed manubrium, 1/2 to 3/4 bell height in length; small, flat stomach communicating with 4 gastric pouches leading into velarial canals. Gastric phacellae in both species epaulette-shaped (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B3CA2BFAFFAA2128FA91549E6C9B13F7" box="[1315,1410,1418,1443]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1771,1793]" captionTargetBox="[203,1366,193,1742]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[203,1366,193,1743]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 3. Tripedalia binata (two medusae from paratype material NTM C 2944 a – i; scales: 1 mm). A: mature male medusa. B: mature, stick-shaped, male gonads. C: velarium of mature male medusa (vc = velarial canals). D: pedalium. E: epauletteshaped gastric phacellum. F: rhopalial niche and rhopalial horns (arrows, horn contours outlined by hand). G: mature female medusa, note horizontal constriction near apex (arrows). H: mature, butterfly wing-shaped, female gonads. I: velarium of mature female medusa, note conspicuously white tips of velarial canals (vc / msp = velarial canals). J: velarium of a specimen with further developed canal system giving the impression of more than 6 main canals per quadrant, note main canal 1 shows three, partly lobed branches (bracket encloses three branches), main canals 2 and 3 simple, main canal 4 shows one side branch, main canal 5 simple, main canal 6 shows lobation and the beginning of a second branch (f = frenulum; tb = tentacle base) (photo provided by A. Underwood)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250283/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
E;
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B3CA2BFAFFAA2128FF2554B969ED1392" box="[151,244,1453,1478]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1741,1763]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,193,1718]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[151,1436,193,1720]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 4. Tripedalia cystophora (preserved material, scales: 1 mm). A: mature male medusa. B: mature, butterfly wingshaped, male gonads. C: velarium of mature male medusa (vc = velarial canals). D: stomach with epaulette-shaped gastric phacellae. E: rhopalial niche. F: pedalium. G: tentacle structure. H: mature female medusa. I: mature, longish-oval shaped, female gonads. J: velarium of mature female medusa, note conspicuously white tips of velarial canals (vc = velarial canals)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250284/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
D).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="2B4E377FFFAA2128FF7554DB6D6B105E" blockId="5.[151,1436,690,1547]" pageId="5" pageNumber="538">Gonads located in gastric pouches, generally butterfly-shaped and separated by interradial septum, centres of gonad “wings” attached to septum, canal system connects gonad “wings” through septum.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
80
data/A3/58/86/A3588669FFAC212EFF2552346AC215F7.xml
Normal file
80
data/A3/58/86/A3588669FFAC212EFF2552346AC215F7.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
|
|||
<document id="08458D0FF27C3B18B1CC3F5A30D10989" ID-CLB-Dataset="46033" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3785.4.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="02a757e8-6240-4baf-8f17-95a0a1cef56f" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="250280" ID-ZooBank="898ABD42-FC45-4CA5-B67F-5D162BD67E50" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460407604574" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Straehler-Pohl, Ilka, Garm, Anders & Morandini, André C." docDate="2014" docId="A3588669FFAC212EFF2552346AC215F7" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03785p549.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3785 (4)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Copula Bentlage Cartwright, Yanagihara, Lewis, Richards & Collins 2010" docType="treatment" docVersion="8" lastPageNumber="536" masterDocId="5F61FE11FFAF212DFFB2511469191654" masterDocTitle="Sexual dimorphism in Tripedaliidae (Conant 1897) (Cnidaria, Cubozoa, Carybdeida)" masterLastPageNumber="549" masterPageNumber="533" pageNumber="536" updateTime="1698299992820" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:titleInfo id="64C53410E1458E1A427F637C15FF0111">
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<mods:title id="18F9F6FEA1EA4D032C685F7AE7509B05">Sexual dimorphism in Tripedaliidae (Conant 1897) (Cnidaria, Cubozoa, Carybdeida)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="6D1193CCEFE78CF0C82AB6B1E66EBD4D">Straehler-Pohl, Ilka</mods:namePart>
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<emphasis id="1985EB6DFFAC212EFF2552346D91156E" bold="true" box="[151,1160,800,826]" pageId="3" pageNumber="536">
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Genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ECF14CFCFFAC212EFF5C52346D91156E" ID-CoL="84NVV" authority="Bentlage Cartwright, Yanagihara, Lewis, Richards & Collins 2010" authorityName="Bentlage Cartwright, Yanagihara, Lewis, Richards & Collins" authorityYear="2010" box="[238,1160,800,826]" class="Cubozoa" family="Tripedaliidae" genus="Copula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carybdeida" pageId="3" pageNumber="536" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1985EB6DFFAC212EFF5C5234685F156E" bold="true" box="[238,326,800,826]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="536">Copula</emphasis>
|
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<bibRefCitation id="4F604A8EFFAC212EFEFF52346D91156E" author="Bentlage" box="[333,1160,800,826]" pageId="3" pageNumber="536" refString="Bentlage, B., Cartwright, P., Yanagihara, A. A., Lewis, C., Richards, G. S. & Collins, A. G. (2010) Evolution of box jellyfish (Cnidaria: Cubozoa), a group of highly toxic invertebrates. Proceedings of the Royal Society Biological Science, 277, 493 - 501. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1098 / rspb. 2009.1707" type="journal article" year="2010">Bentlage Cartwright, Yanagihara, Lewis, Richards & Collins 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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||||
<paragraph id="2B4E377FFFAC212EFF2552726AC215F7" blockId="3.[151,1352,870,931]" pageId="3" pageNumber="536">
|
||||
Definition:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ECF14CFCFFAC212EFEAB527268B4152B" box="[281,429,870,895]" class="Cubozoa" family="Tripedaliidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carybdeida" pageId="3" pageNumber="536" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">Tripedaliidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
with adhesive pads on exumbrellar apex used to attach to substrates when resting.
|
||||
<typeStatus id="F44A89DDFFAC212EFF75529F69E615F7" box="[199,255,907,931]" pageId="3" pageNumber="536">Type</typeStatus>
|
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species:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ECF14CFCFFAC212EFED7529E6BDF15F7" authority="Stiasny 1926" authorityName="Stiasny" authorityYear="1926" box="[357,710,906,931]" class="Cubozoa" family="Tripedaliidae" genus="Copula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carybdeida" pageId="3" pageNumber="536" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="sivickisi">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1985EB6DFFAC212EFED7529E6B0015F7" box="[357,537,906,931]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="536">Copula sivickisi</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="4F604A8EFFAC212EFD95529E6BA715F7" author="Stiasny" box="[551,702,906,931]" pageId="3" pageNumber="536" refString="Stiasny, G. (1926) Uber einige Scyphomedusen von Puerto Galera, Mindoro (Philippinen). Zoologische Mededeelingen Rijks Museum van Natuurlijke Historie in Leiden, 9, 239 - 248." type="journal article" year="1926">Stiasny 1926</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, by original designation.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
106
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Normal file
106
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|
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@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
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<mods:title id="79392881E390DB9CB3C06DF01BBCA6CD">Sexual dimorphism in Tripedaliidae (Conant 1897) (Cnidaria, Cubozoa, Carybdeida)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F676DACCC7459F0C1FFB611C34E1582C">Morandini, André C.</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName id="ECF14CFCFFAC212EFF2552F86B151252" ID-CoL="Y8YQ" authority="Stiasny 1926" authorityName="Stiasny" authorityYear="1926" box="[151,524,1004,1030]" class="Cubozoa" family="Tripedaliidae" genus="Copula" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carybdeida" pageId="3" pageNumber="536" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="species" species="sivickisi">
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<emphasis id="1985EB6DFFAC212EFF2552F86B151252" bold="true" box="[151,524,1004,1030]" pageId="3" pageNumber="536">
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<emphasis id="1985EB6DFFAC212EFF2552F8684F1252" bold="true" box="[151,342,1004,1030]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="536">Copula sivickisi</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="4F604A8EFFAC212EFED752F86B1D1252" author="Stiasny" box="[357,516,1004,1030]" pageId="3" pageNumber="536" refString="Stiasny, G. (1926) Uber einige Scyphomedusen von Puerto Galera, Mindoro (Philippinen). Zoologische Mededeelingen Rijks Museum van Natuurlijke Historie in Leiden, 9, 239 - 248." type="journal article" year="1926">Stiasny 1926</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
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||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="63EB64F4FFAC212EFF2555266C9E10A3" pageId="3" pageNumber="536" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="2B4E377FFFAC212EFF2555266A1212AB" blockId="3.[151,1436,1074,1783]" pageId="3" pageNumber="536">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1985EB6DFFAC212EFF25552668E6121F" bold="true" box="[151,511,1074,1099]" pageId="3" pageNumber="536">Description of adult medusae.</emphasis>
|
||||
Bell blunt, pyramidal (slightly wider at bell opening and slightly narrower at top compared to bell height), highly transparent, slightly brownish, with white nematocyst warts (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B3CA2BFAFFAC212EFB5055426C48123B" box="[1250,1361,1110,1135]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1798,1820]" captionTargetBox="[196,1396,193,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[196,1396,193,1775]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Copula sivickisi (scales: 1 mm). A: mature male medusa, note purple tentacle stripes (live specimen). B: mature male gonads (live specimen). C: velarium of mature male medusa (vc = velarial canals). D: adhesive pads on apex (preserved), note ivory coloured gastric phacellae shining through. E: rhopalial niche with keyhole-shaped opening and rhopalial horns (arrows, horn contours outlined by hand). F: pedalium. G: tentacle structure (in life). H: mature female medusa (in life). I: mature female gonads (in life). J: velarium of mature female medusa (preserved) with yellow “ velarial spots ”, colour due to preservation (vc / msp = velarial canals marked as maturity spots). K: velarium of mature female medusa (live specimen) with white “ velarial spots ” (photo provided by Ronald Petie)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250282/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="536">Figures 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
A, H). Nematocyst warts scattered on bell from apex to velarium. Bell apex flattened with no horizontal constriction near top, with 4 adhesive pads used to attach themselves to substrates when resting. Adhesive pads transparent, almost invisible in live specimens, but slightly opaque and visible in preserved medusae (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B3CA2BFAFFAC212EFB8355D66D8B128F" box="[1073,1170,1218,1243]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1798,1820]" captionTargetBox="[196,1396,193,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[196,1396,193,1775]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Copula sivickisi (scales: 1 mm). A: mature male medusa, note purple tentacle stripes (live specimen). B: mature male gonads (live specimen). C: velarium of mature male medusa (vc = velarial canals). D: adhesive pads on apex (preserved), note ivory coloured gastric phacellae shining through. E: rhopalial niche with keyhole-shaped opening and rhopalial horns (arrows, horn contours outlined by hand). F: pedalium. G: tentacle structure (in life). H: mature female medusa (in life). I: mature female gonads (in life). J: velarium of mature female medusa (preserved) with yellow “ velarial spots ”, colour due to preservation (vc / msp = velarial canals marked as maturity spots). K: velarium of mature female medusa (live specimen) with white “ velarial spots ” (photo provided by Ronald Petie)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250282/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="536">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
D). Bell height up to
|
||||
<quantity id="EC099A9AFFAC212EFA3255D769DC12AA" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="536" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
|
||||
, bell width ca.
|
||||
<quantity id="EC099A9AFFAC212EFEDD55F368A712AA" box="[367,446,1255,1279]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="3" pageNumber="536" unit="mm" value="14.0">14 mm</quantity>
|
||||
wide (interpedalial distance).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="2B4E377FFFAC212EFF75541E6C8E13E7" blockId="3.[151,1436,1074,1783]" pageId="3" pageNumber="536">
|
||||
Pedalium, single, flattened, slender knife blade-shaped, ca. ½ the bell height in length (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B3CA2BFAFFAC212EFB2D541E6C191377" box="[1183,1280,1290,1315]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1798,1820]" captionTargetBox="[196,1396,193,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[196,1396,193,1775]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Copula sivickisi (scales: 1 mm). A: mature male medusa, note purple tentacle stripes (live specimen). B: mature male gonads (live specimen). C: velarium of mature male medusa (vc = velarial canals). D: adhesive pads on apex (preserved), note ivory coloured gastric phacellae shining through. E: rhopalial niche with keyhole-shaped opening and rhopalial horns (arrows, horn contours outlined by hand). F: pedalium. G: tentacle structure (in life). H: mature female medusa (in life). I: mature female gonads (in life). J: velarium of mature female medusa (preserved) with yellow “ velarial spots ”, colour due to preservation (vc / msp = velarial canals marked as maturity spots). K: velarium of mature female medusa (live specimen) with white “ velarial spots ” (photo provided by Ronald Petie)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250282/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="536">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
F), situated in each interradial corner, with 3–7 broad, rectangular nematocyst bands on outer keel of pedalium, carrying single tentacle. Tentacles show typical striped pattern (also maintained in preserved specimens) of broad and thin bands of brightly purple (males) or brown-orange colour (males and females) and white nematocyst batteries (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B3CA2BFAFFAC212EFAA554626C6313DB" box="[1303,1402,1398,1423]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1798,1820]" captionTargetBox="[196,1396,193,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[196,1396,193,1775]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Copula sivickisi (scales: 1 mm). A: mature male medusa, note purple tentacle stripes (live specimen). B: mature male gonads (live specimen). C: velarium of mature male medusa (vc = velarial canals). D: adhesive pads on apex (preserved), note ivory coloured gastric phacellae shining through. E: rhopalial niche with keyhole-shaped opening and rhopalial horns (arrows, horn contours outlined by hand). F: pedalium. G: tentacle structure (in life). H: mature female medusa (in life). I: mature female gonads (in life). J: velarium of mature female medusa (preserved) with yellow “ velarial spots ”, colour due to preservation (vc / msp = velarial canals marked as maturity spots). K: velarium of mature female medusa (live specimen) with white “ velarial spots ” (photo provided by Ronald Petie)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250282/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="536">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
G). Pedalial canal with rounded knee bend without any angle, hook or thorn appended to the outer knee bend (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B3CA2BFAFFAC212EFAA8548E6C6013E7" box="[1306,1401,1434,1459]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1798,1820]" captionTargetBox="[196,1396,193,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[196,1396,193,1775]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Copula sivickisi (scales: 1 mm). A: mature male medusa, note purple tentacle stripes (live specimen). B: mature male gonads (live specimen). C: velarium of mature male medusa (vc = velarial canals). D: adhesive pads on apex (preserved), note ivory coloured gastric phacellae shining through. E: rhopalial niche with keyhole-shaped opening and rhopalial horns (arrows, horn contours outlined by hand). F: pedalium. G: tentacle structure (in life). H: mature female medusa (in life). I: mature female gonads (in life). J: velarium of mature female medusa (preserved) with yellow “ velarial spots ”, colour due to preservation (vc / msp = velarial canals marked as maturity spots). K: velarium of mature female medusa (live specimen) with white “ velarial spots ” (photo provided by Ronald Petie)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250282/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="536">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
F).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="2B4E377FFFAC212EFF7554AA69EB1017" blockId="3.[151,1436,1074,1783]" pageId="3" pageNumber="536">
|
||||
Rhopalium located inside rhopalial niche on each side of bell. Orifice vertical, longish keyhole-shaped with rounded closure at the top and being open at the bottom without any prominent covering scales (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B3CA2BFAFFAC212EFB1F54F66C1013AF" box="[1197,1289,1506,1531]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1798,1820]" captionTargetBox="[196,1396,193,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[196,1396,193,1775]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Copula sivickisi (scales: 1 mm). A: mature male medusa, note purple tentacle stripes (live specimen). B: mature male gonads (live specimen). C: velarium of mature male medusa (vc = velarial canals). D: adhesive pads on apex (preserved), note ivory coloured gastric phacellae shining through. E: rhopalial niche with keyhole-shaped opening and rhopalial horns (arrows, horn contours outlined by hand). F: pedalium. G: tentacle structure (in life). H: mature female medusa (in life). I: mature female gonads (in life). J: velarium of mature female medusa (preserved) with yellow “ velarial spots ”, colour due to preservation (vc / msp = velarial canals marked as maturity spots). K: velarium of mature female medusa (live specimen) with white “ velarial spots ” (photo provided by Ronald Petie)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250282/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="536">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
E), ca. 1/6 of bell height up from margin. Rhopalial horns thin and short, located above top end of rhopalial niche (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B3CA2BFAFFAC212EFA9157126C9C104B" box="[1315,1413,1542,1567]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1798,1820]" captionTargetBox="[196,1396,193,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[196,1396,193,1775]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Copula sivickisi (scales: 1 mm). A: mature male medusa, note purple tentacle stripes (live specimen). B: mature male gonads (live specimen). C: velarium of mature male medusa (vc = velarial canals). D: adhesive pads on apex (preserved), note ivory coloured gastric phacellae shining through. E: rhopalial niche with keyhole-shaped opening and rhopalial horns (arrows, horn contours outlined by hand). F: pedalium. G: tentacle structure (in life). H: mature female medusa (in life). I: mature female gonads (in life). J: velarium of mature female medusa (preserved) with yellow “ velarial spots ”, colour due to preservation (vc / msp = velarial canals marked as maturity spots). K: velarium of mature female medusa (live specimen) with white “ velarial spots ” (photo provided by Ronald Petie)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250282/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="536">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
E, arrows).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="2B4E377FFFAC212EFF75575A6C9E10A3" blockId="3.[151,1436,1074,1783]" pageId="3" pageNumber="536">
|
||||
Velarium, containing 4 simple, broad velarial canals per quadrant (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B3CA2BFAFFAC212EFC53575A6D4B1033" box="[993,1106,1614,1639]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1798,1820]" captionTargetBox="[196,1396,193,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[196,1396,193,1775]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Copula sivickisi (scales: 1 mm). A: mature male medusa, note purple tentacle stripes (live specimen). B: mature male gonads (live specimen). C: velarium of mature male medusa (vc = velarial canals). D: adhesive pads on apex (preserved), note ivory coloured gastric phacellae shining through. E: rhopalial niche with keyhole-shaped opening and rhopalial horns (arrows, horn contours outlined by hand). F: pedalium. G: tentacle structure (in life). H: mature female medusa (in life). I: mature female gonads (in life). J: velarium of mature female medusa (preserved) with yellow “ velarial spots ”, colour due to preservation (vc / msp = velarial canals marked as maturity spots). K: velarium of mature female medusa (live specimen) with white “ velarial spots ” (photo provided by Ronald Petie)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250282/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="536">Figures 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
C, J). Four-lobed, cruciform manubrium, ca. 1/3 of bell height in length and connected to flat stomach; stomach communicates perradially with 4 gastric pouches leading into velar canals. Four horizontal, slightly concave gastric phacellae (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B3CA2BFAFFAC212EFB6B57826C2510FB" box="[1241,1340,1686,1711]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1798,1820]" captionTargetBox="[196,1396,193,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[196,1396,193,1775]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Copula sivickisi (scales: 1 mm). A: mature male medusa, note purple tentacle stripes (live specimen). B: mature male gonads (live specimen). C: velarium of mature male medusa (vc = velarial canals). D: adhesive pads on apex (preserved), note ivory coloured gastric phacellae shining through. E: rhopalial niche with keyhole-shaped opening and rhopalial horns (arrows, horn contours outlined by hand). F: pedalium. G: tentacle structure (in life). H: mature female medusa (in life). I: mature female gonads (in life). J: velarium of mature female medusa (preserved) with yellow “ velarial spots ”, colour due to preservation (vc / msp = velarial canals marked as maturity spots). K: velarium of mature female medusa (live specimen) with white “ velarial spots ” (photo provided by Ronald Petie)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250282/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="536">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
D), each consist of ca. 40, simple, unbranched, vertically stacked gastric filaments. Gonads paired (hemigonads), separated by interradial septum, extending from stomach rim to upper third of the bell about manubrium level (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="B3CA2BFAFFAC212EFAB057CA6C7A10A3" box="[1282,1379,1758,1783]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1798,1820]" captionTargetBox="[196,1396,193,1774]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[196,1396,193,1775]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Copula sivickisi (scales: 1 mm). A: mature male medusa, note purple tentacle stripes (live specimen). B: mature male gonads (live specimen). C: velarium of mature male medusa (vc = velarial canals). D: adhesive pads on apex (preserved), note ivory coloured gastric phacellae shining through. E: rhopalial niche with keyhole-shaped opening and rhopalial horns (arrows, horn contours outlined by hand). F: pedalium. G: tentacle structure (in life). H: mature female medusa (in life). I: mature female gonads (in life). J: velarium of mature female medusa (preserved) with yellow “ velarial spots ”, colour due to preservation (vc / msp = velarial canals marked as maturity spots). K: velarium of mature female medusa (live specimen) with white “ velarial spots ” (photo provided by Ronald Petie)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/250282/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="536">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
H).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
75
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75
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<mods:title id="C650CD4D128AB7963C93E23659EF723F">Sexual dimorphism in Tripedaliidae (Conant 1897) (Cnidaria, Cubozoa, Carybdeida)</mods:title>
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Family
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<taxonomicName id="ECF14CFCFFAC212EFF4053536B291434" ID-CoL="84KWC" authority="Conant 1897" authorityName="Conant" authorityYear="1897" box="[242,560,583,608]" class="Cubozoa" family="Tripedaliidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carybdeida" pageId="3" pageNumber="536" phylum="Cnidaria" rank="family">
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Tripedaliidae
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="4F604A8EFFAC212EFE2B53536B291434" author="Conant" box="[409,560,583,608]" pageId="3" pageNumber="536" refString="Conant, F. S. (1897) Notes on the Cubomedusae. Johns Hopkins University Circulars, 132, 8 - 10." type="journal article" year="1897">Conant 1897</bibRefCitation>
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||||
<paragraph id="2B4E377FFFAC212EFF25539B6A001498" blockId="3.[151,1436,655,717]" pageId="3" pageNumber="536">
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Definition: Carybdeids with sexual dimorphism of gonads, spermatophores and subgastral sacs/seminal vesicles present at least in males (following
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="4F604A8EFFAC212EFD9453A06A141498" author="Bentlage" box="[550,781,692,717]" pageId="3" pageNumber="536" refString="Bentlage, B., Cartwright, P., Yanagihara, A. A., Lewis, C., Richards, G. S. & Collins, A. G. (2010) Evolution of box jellyfish (Cnidaria: Cubozoa), a group of highly toxic invertebrates. Proceedings of the Royal Society Biological Science, 277, 493 - 501. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1098 / rspb. 2009.1707" type="journal article" year="2010">
|
||||
Bentlage
|
||||
<emphasis id="1985EB6DFFAC212EFD2353A16BD01499" box="[657,713,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="536">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
2010
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
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