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<mods:title id="0C3E8790262030FA477DB7BD1312B1FB">New Cenozoic Muricidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from Europe</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="46BE90685AE39AEDA93B5F068E65B014">Ledon, Daniel</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="9734F83BED454A7CA09B639869FB3A97">Muséum national dhistoire naturelle, Département Origines et Évolution (CR 2 P - MNHN, CNRS, UPMC, Sorbonne Université), 57 rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) didier. merle @ mnhn. fr (corresponding author) jean-michel. pacaud @ mnhn. fr dnledon @ yahoo. fr</mods:affiliation>
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Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC3E423FBB7F904FA98F95F" ID-CoL="7P2FY" authority="Merle, 1990" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="1990" box="[1039,1305,1746,1772]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Crassimurex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC3E423FBB7F904FB0CF95F" box="[1039,1165,1746,1772]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">Crassimurex</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC3E423FB2CF904FA98F95F" author="MERLE D." box="[1172,1305,1746,1772]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" pagination="145 - 185" refId="ref46577" refString="MERLE D. 1990. - Revision des Muricidae du Cuisien de Gan et de Bos d'Arros (Bassin d'Aquitaine, France). Bulletin du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris 4 eme ser., 11 (1989), sect. C, 3: 145 - 185." type="journal article" year="1990">Merle, 1990</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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. —
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC3E423FC66F8DAFABFF890" authority="Lamarck, 1822" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1822" box="[990,1342,1803,1827]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="calcitrapoides">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC3E423FC66F8DAFB21F890" box="[990,1184,1803,1827]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">Murex calcitrapoides</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC3E423FB10F8DDFABFF890" author="LAMARCK J. - B." box="[1192,1342,1803,1827]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" refId="ref45696" refString="LAMARCK J. - B. 1822. - Histoire naturelle des animaux sans vertebres presentant les caracteres generaux et particuliers de ces animaux, leur distribution, leurs classes, leurs familles, leurs genres, et la citation des principales especes qui s'y rapportent et Supplement a divers types de gasteropodes et de Trachelipodes comprenant l'indication des coquilles fossiles qui ne furent point citees dans leurs genres respectifs. Tome 7. Lamarck, Paris, 711 p." type="book" year="1822">Lamarck, 1822</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
by original designation (synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC3E423FBA7F8F0FAD7F88E" authority="Lamarck, 1803" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1803" box="[1055,1366,1829,1853]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="calcitrapa">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC3E423FBA7F8F0FB3DF88E" box="[1055,1212,1829,1853]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">Murex calcitrapa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC3E423FB78F8F3FAD7F88E" author="LAMARCK J. - B." box="[1216,1366,1829,1853]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" pagination="217 - 227" refId="ref45566" refString="LAMARCK J. - B. 1803. - Memoires sur les fossiles des environs de Paris (suite 1). Annales du Museum d'Histoire naturelle 2 (9): 217 - 227." type="journal article" year="1803">Lamarck, 1803</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
). Middle Eocene (Lutetian and Bartonian): Paris and
<collectingRegion id="49E3F82EFFC3E423FB62F896FA8CF8EB" box="[1242,1293,1856,1880]" country="France" name="Pays de la Loire" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">Loire</collectingRegion>
basins,
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFC3E423FAE4F896FA21F8E4" box="[1372,1440,1856,1879]" name="France" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">France</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
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<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC3E423FC0BF841FC55F819" baselines="1957" box="[947,980,1943,1962]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="lower" normString="on" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">ON</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC3E423FC63F841FBE1F819" baselines="1957" box="[987,1120,1943,1962]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="lower" normString="subfamilial" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">SUBFAMILIAL</smallCapsWord>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC3E423FC95F867FA2FF858" blockId="37.[813,1455,1937,2028]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">Members of this genus display a biconic shell with a moderately high spire, spiny varices on P1, internal denticles</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC0E420FF3CFB7CFBAFFB4C" blockId="38.[132,1457,1194,1279]" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">
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. 20. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC0E420FD33FB7CFCF1FB08" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[651,880,1194,1211]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Flexopteron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="38" pageNumber="531" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="constantinense" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC0E420FD33FB7CFCF1FB08" box="[651,880,1194,1211]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">Flexopteron constantinense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC0E420FCCCFB7CFC25FB08" box="[884,932,1194,1211]" pageId="38" pageNumber="531" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC0E420FC14FB7CFC4FFB08" bold="true" box="[940,974,1194,1211]" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">A -D</emphasis>
) and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC0E420FC43FB7CFBF5FB08" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1019,1140,1194,1211]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Flexopteron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="38" pageNumber="531" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="liancurtense" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC0E420FC43FB7CFBF5FB08" box="[1019,1140,1194,1211]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">F. liancurtense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC0E420FBC1FB7CFB29FB08" box="[1145,1192,1194,1211]" pageId="38" pageNumber="531" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC0E420FB08FB7CFB53FB08" bold="true" box="[1200,1234,1194,1211]" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">E -H</emphasis>
):
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC0E420FB58FB7CFB6CFB08" bold="true" box="[1248,1261,1194,1211]" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">A</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC0E420FB4FFB7CFA85FB08" bold="true" box="[1271,1284,1194,1211]" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">B</emphasis>
, paratype:MNHN.F. A77761 (MNHN coll.),Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin),Manche,France,late Eocene (Priabonian);
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC0E420FC31FB17FC16FB61" bold="true" box="[905,919,1217,1234]" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">C</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC0E420FC18FB17FC2FFB61" bold="true" box="[928,942,1217,1234]" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">D</emphasis>
, holotype:MNHN.F.A77760 (MNHN coll.),Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin);
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC0E420FF76FB01FF5BFB5B" bold="true" box="[206,218,1239,1256]" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">E</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC0E420FF5BFB01FF6FFB5B" bold="true" box="[227,238,1239,1256]" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">F</emphasis>
, holotype:MNHN.F.J02578 (Cossmann coll.),Liancourt-Saint-Pierre,Oise Paris Basin,France,early Eocene (Ypresian);
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC0E420FB10FB01FB37FB5B" bold="true" box="[1192,1206,1239,1256]" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">G</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC0E420FB06FB01FB4DFB5B" bold="true" box="[1214,1228,1239,1256]" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">H</emphasis>
, paratype:MNHN.F.A77758 (
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC0E420FF31FB38FF39FB4C" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[137,184,1262,1279]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="38" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
coll.), Liancourt-Saint-Pierre. Scale bars: A, B, E-H, 3 mm; C, D, 5 mm. Credits: P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC0E420FF3CFAE5FD7EF95F" blockId="38.[131,776,1331,1772]" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">
(D1 to D6), a broad and open siphonal canal, a sinus of P1, around 8-10 varices, and complex spiral sculpture including the primary cords P1 to P6 (convex part of the whorl) and ADP-MP (siphonal canal). In addition, their shape is similar to that of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC0E420FF5EFA62FD82FA7E" authority="Jousseaume, 1880" authorityName="Jousseaume" authorityYear="1880" box="[230,515,1459,1485]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Poirieria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="38" pageNumber="531" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC0E420FF5EFA62FEBFFA7E" box="[230,318,1460,1485]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">Poirieria</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC0E420FEFDFA65FD82FA7E" author="JOUSSEAUME F. P." box="[325,515,1459,1485]" pageId="38" pageNumber="531" pagination="335 - 338" refId="ref45378" refString="JOUSSEAUME F. P. 1880. - Division methodique de la famille des Purpurides. Le Naturaliste 2 (42): 335 - 338. http: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 33928744" type="journal article" year="1880">Jousseaume, 1880</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC0E420FD99FA65FD17FA7E" authorityName="Shuto" authorityYear="1969" box="[545,662,1459,1485]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Flexopteron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="38" pageNumber="531" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC0E420FD99FA65FD17FA7E" box="[545,662,1459,1485]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">Flexopteron</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC0E420FD7FFA65FF7CFA5E" author="MERLE D. &amp; GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P." pageId="38" pageNumber="531" refId="ref47234" refString="MERLE D., GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P. 2011. - Fossil &amp; Recent Muricidae of the World. Part Muricinae. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 652 p." type="book" year="2011">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC0E420FD7FFA65FC84FA7E" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[711,773,1459,1485]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="38" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC0E420FF3CFA02FF3AFA5E" box="[132,187,1491,1517]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">et al.</emphasis>
2011
</bibRefCitation>
). For these reasons,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC0E420FE5EFA05FD38FA5E" author="MERLE D. &amp; GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P." box="[486,697,1491,1517]" pageId="38" pageNumber="531" refId="ref47234" refString="MERLE D., GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P. 2011. - Fossil &amp; Recent Muricidae of the World. Part Muricinae. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 652 p." type="book" year="2011">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC0E420FE5EFA05FDA7FA5E" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[486,550,1491,1517]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="38" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC0E420FD95FA02FDE5FA5E" box="[557,612,1491,1517]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">et al.</emphasis>
(2011)
</bibRefCitation>
placed
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC0E420FF3EFA25FE85F9BE" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="1990" box="[134,260,1523,1549]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Crassimurex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="38" pageNumber="531" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC0E420FF3EFA25FE85F9BE" box="[134,260,1523,1549]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">Crassimurex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC0E420FEA8FA25FEB3F9BF" box="[272,306,1523,1548]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">s. s.</emphasis>
) and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC0E420FED4FA25FD6BF9BE" authority="Gurs, 2001" authorityName="Gurs" authorityYear="2001" box="[364,746,1523,1549]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Crassimurex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="38" pageNumber="531" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Eopaziella">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC0E420FED4FA25FE6BF9BE" box="[364,490,1523,1549]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">Crassimurex</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC0E420FE41FA25FDE5F9BE" box="[505,612,1523,1549]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">Eopaziella</emphasis>
) Gürs,
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFC0E420FD0AFA25FD6BF9BE" box="[690,746,1523,1549]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08254" pageId="38" pageNumber="531" unit="in" value="2001.0">2001</quantity>
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in an informal group named basal muricids. It is still impossible to place this genus within a subfamily using shell characters. Obervations on
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC0E420FE8DF985FE32F9DE" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="1990" box="[309,435,1619,1645]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Crassimurex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="38" pageNumber="531" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC0E420FE8DF985FE32F9DE" box="[309,435,1619,1645]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">Crassimurex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC0E420FE7BF985FE66F9DF" box="[451,487,1619,1644]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">s. s.</emphasis>
)
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC0E420FE4FF984FC86F9DF" authority="Lamarck, 1803" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1803" box="[503,775,1618,1644]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="38" pageNumber="531" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="calcitrapa">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC0E420FE4FF984FDDAF9DF" box="[503,603,1618,1644]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">calcitrapa</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC0E420FDDBF984FC86F9DF" author="LAMARCK J. - B." box="[611,775,1618,1644]" pageId="38" pageNumber="531" pagination="217 - 227" refId="ref45566" refString="LAMARCK J. - B. 1803. - Memoires sur les fossiles des environs de Paris (suite 1). Annales du Museum d'Histoire naturelle 2 (9): 217 - 227." type="journal article" year="1803">Lamarck, 1803</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
at La Ferme de lOrme (Lutetian, Paris Basin) suggest this species was a drilling predator (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC0E420FE65F944FD1BF91F" author="MERLE D. &amp; GOLDSTEIN D. H. &amp; MCKINNEY M. L." box="[477,666,1682,1708]" pageId="38" pageNumber="531" pagination="457 - 470" refId="ref47421" refString="MERLE D., GOLDSTEIN D. H. &amp; MCKINNEY M. L. 2024. - First evidence of cannibalism in Crassimurex (s. s.) calcitrapa (Lamarck, 1803) (Gastropoda, Muricidae) from the Lutetian of the Paris Basin (France). Geodiversitas 46 (13): 457 - 470. https: // doi. org / 10.5252 / geodiversitas 2024 v 46 a 13. http: // geodiversitas. com / 46 / 13" type="journal article" year="2024">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC0E420FE65F944FD9DF91F" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[477,540,1682,1708]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="38" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC0E420FD9DF945FDDBF91F" box="[549,602,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="531">et al.</emphasis>
2024
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), but this ability occurs in different subfamilies (e.g.,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC0E420FDDFF964FD56F97F" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1815" box="[615,727,1714,1740]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="38" pageNumber="531" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Muricinae">Muricinae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC0E420FF3EF904FE93F95F" authorityName="Cossmann" authorityYear="1903" box="[134,274,1746,1772]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="38" pageNumber="531" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Ocenebrinae">Ocenebrinae</taxonomicName>
) and does not help in subfamilial attribution.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,229 @@
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Genus
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FBA0FAC5FBF5FA9E" box="[1048,1140,1299,1325]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">Ponderia</emphasis>
Houart, 1986
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. —
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Hutton, 1873
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by original designation. Pleistocene to Recent:
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.
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Subfamilial placement of the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC4E424FB0EFA05FA2EFA5E" authority="Houart, 1986" authorityName="Houart" authorityYear="1986" box="[1206,1455,1491,1517]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Ponderia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FB0EFA05FA93FA5E" box="[1206,1298,1491,1517]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">Ponderia</emphasis>
Houart, 1986
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has varied in the literature. DAttilio &amp; Hertz (1988) placed it in the subfamily
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC4E424FC48F9C4FA2DF99E" authority="D'Attilio &amp; Hertz, 1988" authorityName="d'Attilio &amp; Hertz" authorityYear="1988" box="[1008,1452,1554,1581]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tripterotyphinae">Tripterotyphinae DAttilio &amp; Hertz, 1988</taxonomicName>
, whereas
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC4E424FC3DF9E4FB93F9FF" author="VOKES E. H." box="[901,1042,1586,1612]" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" pagination="4 - 6" refId="ref49051" refString="VOKES E. H. 1996. - One last look at the Muricidae. American Conchologist 24 (2): 4 - 6." type="journal article" year="1996">Vokes (1996)</bibRefCitation>
preferred placement it in the subfamily
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC4E424FC94F984FC1BF9DF" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1815" box="[812,922,1618,1644]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Muricinae">Muricinae</taxonomicName>
.More recently,
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC4E424FB8EF984FBF2F9DF" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1078,1139,1618,1644]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="34" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FBC2F985FB28F9DF" box="[1146,1193,1618,1644]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">et al.</emphasis>
(2011)
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included
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FAECF984FA2CF9DF" box="[1364,1453,1618,1644]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">Ponderia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in a basal muricid group (without subfamilial assignment) and excluded it from the typical
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC4E424FBFAF944FB31F91F" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1815" box="[1090,1200,1682,1708]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Muricinae">Muricinae</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC4E424FB0FF945FACFF91F" author="HOUART R." box="[1207,1358,1682,1709]" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" pagination="37 - 66" refId="ref45005" refString="HOUART R. 2018. - Historique et classification des especes actuelles de Muricidae (Neogastropoda, Muricoidea). Novapex 19 (2): 37 - 66." type="journal article" year="2018">Houart (2018)</bibRefCitation>
included five genera in the
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC4E424FC53F964FB21F97F" authorityName="d'Attilio &amp; Hertz" authorityYear="1988" box="[1003,1184,1714,1740]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Tripterotyphinae">Tripterotyphinae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC4E424FB17F964FCE7F95F" authority="DuShane, 1969" authorityName="DuShane" authorityYear="1969" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Cinclidotyphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FB17F964FABEF97F" box="[1199,1343,1714,1740]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">Cinclidotyphis</emphasis>
DuShane, 1969
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC4E424FCD7F904FBF1F95F" authority="Ponder, 1972" authorityName="Ponder" authorityYear="1972" box="[879,1136,1746,1772]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Prototyphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FCD7F904FC5FF95F" box="[879,990,1746,1772]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">Prototyphis</emphasis>
Ponder, 1972
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC4E424FBC0F904FA2AF95F" authority="Jousseaume, 1880" authorityName="Jousseaume" authorityYear="1880" box="[1144,1451,1746,1772]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterotyphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FBC0F904FB67F95F" box="[1144,1254,1746,1772]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">Pterotyphis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC4E424FB54F904FA2AF95F" author="JOUSSEAUME F. P." box="[1260,1451,1746,1772]" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" pagination="335 - 338" refId="ref45378" refString="JOUSSEAUME F. P. 1880. - Division methodique de la famille des Purpurides. Le Naturaliste 2 (42): 335 - 338. http: // biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 33928744" type="journal article" year="1880">Jousseaume, 1880</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC4E424FC93F924FB31F8BF" authority="Pilsbry &amp; Lowe, 1932" authorityName="Pilsbry &amp; Lowe" authorityYear="1932" box="[811,1200,1778,1804]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Tripterotyphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FC93F924FC37F8BF" box="[811,950,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">Tripterotyphis</emphasis>
Pilsbry &amp; Lowe, 1932
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC4E424FB52F924FAC2F8BF" authorityName="Houart" authorityYear="1986" box="[1258,1347,1778,1804]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Ponderia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FB52F924FAC2F8BF" box="[1258,1347,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">Ponderia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. All these genera share trivarical morphology, but the construction of the anal tube in
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FC16F8E7FBC1F8F8" box="[942,1088,1841,1867]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">Cynclidotyphis</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC4E424FBCCF8E7FB63F8F8" authorityName="Jousseaume" authorityYear="1880" box="[1140,1250,1841,1867]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterotyphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FBCCF8E7FB63F8F8" box="[1140,1250,1841,1867]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">Pterotyphis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from that of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC4E424FC94F887FC1AF8D8" authorityName="Ponder" authorityYear="1972" box="[812,923,1873,1899]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Prototyphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FC94F887FC1AF8D8" box="[812,923,1873,1899]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">Prototyphis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC4E424FC11F887FB82F8D8" authorityName="Houart" authorityYear="1986" box="[937,1027,1873,1899]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Ponderia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FC11F887FB82F8D8" box="[937,1027,1873,1899]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">Ponderia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC4E424FB81F887FB42F8D8" authorityName="Pilsbry &amp; Lowe" authorityYear="1932" box="[1081,1219,1873,1899]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Tripterotyphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FB81F887FB42F8D8" box="[1081,1219,1873,1899]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">Tripterotyphis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FB57F887FA00F8D8" box="[1263,1409,1873,1899]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">Cynclidotyphis</emphasis>
and
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FC95F8A7FC20F838" box="[813,929,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC4E424FC95F8A7FC1CF838" authorityName="Jousseaume" authorityYear="1880" box="[813,925,1905,1931]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterotyphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Pterotyphis</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
the anal tube is built just below the suture probably not with P1, whereas in
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC4E424FB98F847FB0FF818" authorityName="Ponder" authorityYear="1972" box="[1056,1166,1937,1963]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Prototyphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FB98F847FB0FF818" box="[1056,1166,1937,1963]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">Prototyphis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC4E424FB24F847FB77F818" authorityName="Houart" authorityYear="1986" box="[1180,1270,1937,1963]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Ponderia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FB24F847FB77F818" box="[1180,1270,1937,1963]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">Ponderia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC4E424FA9CF847FA2CF818" authorityName="Pilsbry &amp; Lowe" authorityYear="1932" box="[1316,1453,1937,1963]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Tripterotyphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FA9CF847FA2CF818" box="[1316,1453,1937,1963]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">Tripterotyphis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
it is clearly built with P1.
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC4E424FB85F867FB46F878" authorityName="Pilsbry &amp; Lowe" authorityYear="1932" box="[1085,1223,1969,1995]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Tripterotyphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FB85F867FB46F878" box="[1085,1223,1969,1995]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">Tripterotyphis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC4E424FAC7F864FCE0F858" authorityName="Houart" authorityYear="1986" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Ponderia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FAC7F864FCE0F858" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">Ponderia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC4E424FC2AF807FB80F858" authorityName="Ponder" authorityYear="1972" box="[914,1025,2001,2027]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Prototyphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="34" pageNumber="527" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC4E424FC2AF807FB80F858" box="[914,1025,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="34" pageNumber="527">Prototyphis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having more strongly developed spiral sculpture. Thus, this group of five genera is likely to be polyphyletic. In their molecular phylogenetic work,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC5E425FD38FF21FF4CFE82" author="RUSSINI V. &amp; FASSIO G. &amp; NOCELLA E. &amp; HOUART R. &amp; BARCO A. &amp; PUILLANDRE N. &amp; MODICA M. V. &amp; M. OLIVERIO" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" pagination="856 - 868" refId="ref48453" refString="RUSSINI V., FASSIO G., NOCELLA E., HOUART R., BARCO A., PUILLANDRE N., LOZOUET P, MODICA M. V. &amp; M. OLIVERIO 2023. - Whelks, rock-snails, and allied: a new phylogenetic framework for the family Muricidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda). The European Zoological Journal 90 (2): 856 - 868. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 24750263.2023.2283517" type="journal article" year="2023">
Russini
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FD6CFF2EFC86FEA2" box="[724,775,247,273]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">et al.</emphasis>
(2023)
</bibRefCitation>
confirm this hypothesis showing that: 1)
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC5E425FDC3FEC1FC84FE82" authorityName="Pilsbry &amp; Lowe" authorityYear="1932" box="[635,773,279,305]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Tripterotyphis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FDC3FEC1FC84FE82" box="[635,773,279,305]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Tripterotyphis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
belongs to a clade containing
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC5E425FE0FFEEEFDA2FEE2" authorityName="Bucquoy &amp; Dautzenberg" authorityYear="1882" box="[439,547,312,337]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Muricopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FE0FFEEEFDA2FEE2" box="[439,547,312,337]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Muricopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; and 2)
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC5E425FDC1FEE1FD52FEE2" authorityName="Houart" authorityYear="1986" box="[633,723,311,337]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Ponderia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FDC1FEE1FD52FEE2" box="[633,723,311,337]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Ponderia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may represent a plesiomorphic lineage at the base of the pagodulinehaustrine diversification. Thus, those authors (p. 866) placed
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC5E425FF3DFE40FF5EFE03" authorityName="Houart" authorityYear="1986" box="[133,223,406,432]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Ponderia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FF3DFE40FF5EFE03" box="[133,223,406,432]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Ponderia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FEB9FE41FE03FE03" box="[257,386,406,432]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">incertae sedis</emphasis>
, and considered it likely to represent an independent lineage worthy of subfamilial rank.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,300 @@
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<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC5E425FC05F8C2FAA1F89E" blockId="35.[957,1312,1811,1838]" box="[957,1312,1811,1838]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FC05F8C2FB5FF89E" bold="true" box="[957,1246,1811,1838]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Flexopteron constantinense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC5E425FB5DF8C5FAA1F89E" box="[1253,1312,1811,1837]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFC5E425FC4AF8E5FA2EF83B" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC5E425FC4AF8E5FB68F8FE" blockId="35.[1010,1257,1843,1869]" box="[1010,1257,1843,1869]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">
(
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFC5E425FC43F8E5FBC8F8FE" box="[1019,1097,1843,1869]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="38.[132,143,1194,1211]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,214,1151]" captionTargetId="figure-386@38.[698,1267,187,730]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIG. 20. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Flexopteron constantinense n. sp. (A-D) and F. liancurtense n. sp. (E-H): A, B, paratype:MNHN.F. A77761 (MNHN coll.),Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin),Manche,France,late Eocene (Priabonian);C, D, holotype:MNHN.F.A77760 (MNHN coll.),Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin);E, F, holotype:MNHN.F.J02578 (Cossmann coll.),Liancourt-Saint-Pierre,Oise Paris Basin,France,early Eocene (Ypresian);G, H, paratype:MNHN.F.A77758 (Merle coll.), Liancourt-Saint-Pierre. Scale bars: A, B, E-H, 3 mm; C, D, 5 mm. Credits: P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Figs 20</figureCitation>
A-D; 27M, N)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC5E425FC95F8A1FA2EF83B" blockId="35.[813,1455,1911,1928]" box="[813,1455,1911,1928]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">
<uri id="FFB63ACEFFC5E425FC95F8A1FA2EF83B" box="[813,1455,1911,1928]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="FF810C19FFC5E425FBB2F8A1FA2EF83B" box="[1034,1455,1911,1928]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">E9257B15-F0B3-4134-9514-789263749385</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFC5E422FC95F86FFD6DF982" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="529" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC5E422FC95F86FFD8EFA51" blockId="35.[813,1455,1977,2027]" lastBlockId="36.[132,775,1455,1585]" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="529" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFC5E422FC95F86FFD8EFA51" collectionCode="MNHN" country="France" county="Manche" lastPageId="36" lastPageNumber="529" location="Argiles" municipality="Rauville-la-Place" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Haute-Normandie" typeStatus="holotype">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC5E425FC95F86FFCDCF87C" baselines="1994,1995" box="[813,861,1977,2000]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">TYPE</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC5E425FCDBF868FC40F87C" baselines="1995" box="[867,961,1982,1999]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="material" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">MATERIAL</smallCapsWord>
. —
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FC54F86FFBCAF862" bold="true" box="[1004,1099,1977,2001]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFC5E425FC54F86FFBCAF862" box="[1004,1099,1977,2001]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FBE0F86FFB1BF862" bold="true" box="[1112,1178,1977,2001]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFC5E425FBE0F86FFB1BF862" box="[1112,1178,1977,2001]" name="France" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">France</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="49E3F82EFFC5E425FB17F86FFA9AF862" box="[1199,1307,1977,2001]" country="France" name="Haute-Normandie" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Normandy</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="62F94E40FFC5E425FA9CF86FFAF7F862" box="[1316,1398,1977,2001]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Manche</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFCACB6FFC5E425FAC7F86FFC29F858" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Rauville-la-Place</collectingMunicipality>
(Cauvin);
<location id="8EF86017FFC5E425FBABF805FBD4F858" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFC5E423FC05F8C2FEAEFE63:8EF86017FFC5E425FBABF805FBD4F858" box="[1043,1109,2003,2027]" country="France" county="Manche" municipality="Rauville-la-Place" name="Argiles" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" stateProvince="Haute-Normandie">Argiles</location>
à
<location id="8EF86017FFC5E425FBD5F805FAB7F858" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFC5E423FC05F8C2FEAEFE63:8EF86017FFC5E425FBD5F805FAB7F858" box="[1133,1334,2003,2027]" country="France" county="Manche" municipality="Rauville-la-Place" name="Corbules Formation" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" stateProvince="Haute-Normandie">Corbules Formation</location>
; late
<location id="8EF86017FFC5E425FAD1F802FA2EF858" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFC5E423FC05F8C2FEAEFE63:8EF86017FFC5E425FAD1F802FA2EF858" box="[1385,1455,2004,2027]" country="France" county="Manche" municipality="Rauville-la-Place" name="Eocene" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" stateProvince="Haute-Normandie">Eocene</location>
(Priabonian);
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFC2E422FEB1FA66FEDEFA74" box="[265,351,1456,1479]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="36" pageNumber="529">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A77760 (
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFC2E422FE75FA79FDA0FA74" box="[461,545,1455,1479]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="36" pageNumber="529">MNHN</collectionCode>
coll.), H:
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFC2E422FD39FA79FD4CFA74" box="[641,717,1455,1479]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.2" pageId="36" pageNumber="529" unit="mm" value="9.2">9.2 mm</quantity>
(fragment of last whorl) (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFC2E422FEF6FA1CFE49FA52" box="[334,456,1482,1506]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="38.[132,143,1194,1211]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,214,1151]" captionTargetId="figure-386@38.[698,1267,187,730]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIG. 20. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Flexopteron constantinense n. sp. (A-D) and F. liancurtense n. sp. (E-H): A, B, paratype:MNHN.F. A77761 (MNHN coll.),Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin),Manche,France,late Eocene (Priabonian);C, D, holotype:MNHN.F.A77760 (MNHN coll.),Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin);E, F, holotype:MNHN.F.J02578 (Cossmann coll.),Liancourt-Saint-Pierre,Oise Paris Basin,France,early Eocene (Ypresian);G, H, paratype:MNHN.F.A77758 (Merle coll.), Liancourt-Saint-Pierre. Scale bars: A, B, E-H, 3 mm; C, D, 5 mm. Credits: P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." pageId="36" pageNumber="529">Figs 20C, D</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFC2E422FE6BFA1CFD83FA51" box="[467,514,1482,1506]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="46.[132,143,1606,1623]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1546]" captionTargetId="figure-366@46.[699,1260,794,1359]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIG. 27. — New species of Timbellus De Gregorio, 1885, Pterynotus Swainson, 1833 (Pterymarchia Houart, 1995), Textiliomurex Merle, 2011, Ponderia Houart, 1986 and Flexopteron Shuto, 1969: A-C, Timbellus submicropterus n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.A24111 (MNHN coll.), Fresville, France, Lutetian; B, paratype, MNHN.F.A24126 (Munier-Chalmas coll.), Gourbesville, France, Lutetian; C, paratype, UCBL-EM 33438 (Bourdot coll.), Fresville; D, T. cf. submicropterus n. sp., MNHN.F.A90557 (Brébion coll.), Saint-Aignan-Grand-Lieu (Pierre-Aiguë), France, Bartonian; E, F, Pterynotus (Pterymarchia) gaasensis n. sp.: E, holotype, MNHN.F.A32492 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos), France, Rupelian; F, paratype, MNHN.F.A90554 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos); G, H, P. (P.) pelouatensis n. sp.: G, holotype, MNHN.F.J09945, Saucats (Peloua), France, Burdigalian; H, paratype, MNHN.F.J17632, Saucats (Peloua); I, J, Textiliomurex chodmonensis n. sp.: I, holotype, MNHN.F.A81144 (Pacaud coll.), Chaumont-en-Vexin (Carrière Darcy), France, Lutetian; J, paratype, MNHN.F.A81145 (Pons coll.), Chaumont-en- Vexin (Carrière Darcy); K, L, Ponderia remyi n. sp.: K, holotype, MNHN.F.A90548 (Remy coll.), Fresville, Lutetian; L, paratype, MNHN.F.A90555, Fresville (Remy coll.); M, N, Flexopteron constantinense n. sp.: M, paratype, MNHN.F.A77761 (MNHN coll.), Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin), France, Priabonian; N, holotype, MNHN.F.A77760 (MNHN coll.), Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin). Scale bars: A-D, I-L, 10 mm; E-H, N, 5 mm; M, 3 mm. Credits: A, B, D-F, N, P. Loubry (MNHN/ CNRS); C, E. Robert (UCBL)." pageId="36" pageNumber="529">27N</figureCitation>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF586644FFC2E422FF3CFAF7FC49FAC5" pageId="36" pageNumber="529" startId="36.[132,143,1313,1330]" targetBox="[132,1455,214,1228]" targetPageId="36" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC2E422FF3CFAF7FC49FAC5" blockId="36.[132,1457,1313,1398]" pageId="36" pageNumber="529">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC2E422FF3CFAF7FF1CFA82" baselines="1326,1326" box="[132,157,1313,1330]" lowerCaseFontSize="5" mainFontSize="7" normCase="title" normString="Fig" pageId="36" pageNumber="529">FIG</smallCapsWord>
. 19. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC2E422FD12FAF7FC1CFA81" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[682,925,1313,1330]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Textiliomurex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="36" pageNumber="529" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="chodmonensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC2E422FD12FAF7FC1CFA81" box="[682,925,1313,1330]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="529">Textiliomurex chodmonensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC2E422FC1CFAF7FC54FA81" box="[932,981,1313,1330]" pageId="36" pageNumber="529" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC2E422FC67FAF7FB83FA81" bold="true" box="[991,1026,1313,1330]" pageId="36" pageNumber="529">A -D</emphasis>
) and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC2E422FB8CFAF7FB35FA81" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1076,1204,1313,1330]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Ponderia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="36" pageNumber="529" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="remyi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC2E422FB8CFAF7FB35FA81" box="[1076,1204,1313,1330]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="529">Ponderia remyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC2E422FB03FAF7FB6CFA81" box="[1211,1261,1313,1330]" pageId="36" pageNumber="529" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC2E422FB4FFAF7FA82FA81" bold="true" box="[1271,1283,1313,1330]" pageId="36" pageNumber="529">E</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC2E422FAB7FAF7FA9CFA81" bold="true" box="[1295,1309,1313,1330]" pageId="36" pageNumber="529">H</emphasis>
):
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC2E422FA96FAF7FABAFA81" bold="true" box="[1326,1339,1313,1330]" pageId="36" pageNumber="529">A</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC2E422FAFFFAF7FAD5FA81" bold="true" box="[1351,1364,1313,1330]" pageId="36" pageNumber="529">B</emphasis>
, holotype, MNHN.F.A81144 (Pacaud coll.), Chaumont-en-Vexin (Carrière Darcy), Oise, Paris Basin, France, middle Eocene (Lutetian);
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC2E422FB2FFAE1FB24FAFB" bold="true" box="[1175,1189,1335,1352]" pageId="36" pageNumber="529">C</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC2E422FB09FAE1FB3EFAFB" bold="true" box="[1201,1215,1335,1352]" pageId="36" pageNumber="529">D</emphasis>
, paratype, MNHN.F.A81145 (Pons coll.), Chaumont-en-Vexin (Carrière Darcy);
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC2E422FD9AFA98FDAFFAEC" bold="true" box="[546,558,1358,1375]" pageId="36" pageNumber="529">E</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC2E422FD80FA98FDC2FAEC" bold="true" box="[568,579,1358,1375]" pageId="36" pageNumber="529">F</emphasis>
, holotype, MNHN.F.A90548 (Remy coll.), Fresville, Manche, Normandy, France, middle Eocene (Lutetian);
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC2E422FF3CFAB3FF13FAC5" bold="true" box="[132,146,1381,1398]" pageId="36" pageNumber="529">G</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC2E422FF25FAB3FF2AFAC5" bold="true" box="[157,171,1381,1398]" pageId="36" pageNumber="529">H</emphasis>
, MNHN.F.A90555, Fresville (Remy coll.). Scale bars: 10 mm. Credits: P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC2E422FF3CFA32FD6DF982" blockId="36.[132,775,1455,1585]" pageId="36" pageNumber="529">
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFC2E422FF3CFA32FE7DFA4F" box="[132,508,1508,1532]" country="France" location="France" pageId="36" pageNumber="529" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC2E422FF3CFA32FF67FA4F" bold="true" box="[132,230,1508,1532]" pageId="36" pageNumber="529">
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFC2E422FF3CFA32FF67FA4F" box="[132,230,1508,1532]" pageId="36" pageNumber="529" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC2E422FF4DFA32FEB9FA4F" bold="true" box="[245,312,1508,1532]" pageId="36" pageNumber="529">
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFC2E422FF4DFA32FEB9FA4F" box="[245,312,1508,1532]" name="France" pageId="36" pageNumber="529">France</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
• 1 spm (juvenile)
</materialsCitation>
; same as for the
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFC2E422FD11FA32FC82FA4F" box="[681,771,1508,1532]" pageId="36" pageNumber="529" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFC2E422FF3EFA29FF5BF9A5" box="[134,218,1535,1558]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="36" pageNumber="529">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A77761 (
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFC2E422FEF6FA29FE22F9A4" box="[334,419,1535,1559]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="36" pageNumber="529">MNHN</collectionCode>
coll.), juvenile (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFC2E422FDF1FA29FD43F9A5" box="[585,706,1535,1559]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="38.[132,143,1194,1211]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,214,1151]" captionTargetId="figure-386@38.[698,1267,187,730]" captionTargetPageId="38" captionText="FIG. 20. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Flexopteron constantinense n. sp. (A-D) and F. liancurtense n. sp. (E-H): A, B, paratype:MNHN.F. A77761 (MNHN coll.),Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin),Manche,France,late Eocene (Priabonian);C, D, holotype:MNHN.F.A77760 (MNHN coll.),Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin);E, F, holotype:MNHN.F.J02578 (Cossmann coll.),Liancourt-Saint-Pierre,Oise Paris Basin,France,early Eocene (Ypresian);G, H, paratype:MNHN.F.A77758 (Merle coll.), Liancourt-Saint-Pierre. Scale bars: A, B, E-H, 3 mm; C, D, 5 mm. Credits: P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." pageId="36" pageNumber="529">Figs 20A, B</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFC2E422FD77FA29FD7EF9A4" box="[719,767,1535,1559]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="46.[132,143,1606,1623]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1546]" captionTargetId="figure-366@46.[699,1260,794,1359]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIG. 27. — New species of Timbellus De Gregorio, 1885, Pterynotus Swainson, 1833 (Pterymarchia Houart, 1995), Textiliomurex Merle, 2011, Ponderia Houart, 1986 and Flexopteron Shuto, 1969: A-C, Timbellus submicropterus n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.A24111 (MNHN coll.), Fresville, France, Lutetian; B, paratype, MNHN.F.A24126 (Munier-Chalmas coll.), Gourbesville, France, Lutetian; C, paratype, UCBL-EM 33438 (Bourdot coll.), Fresville; D, T. cf. submicropterus n. sp., MNHN.F.A90557 (Brébion coll.), Saint-Aignan-Grand-Lieu (Pierre-Aiguë), France, Bartonian; E, F, Pterynotus (Pterymarchia) gaasensis n. sp.: E, holotype, MNHN.F.A32492 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos), France, Rupelian; F, paratype, MNHN.F.A90554 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos); G, H, P. (P.) pelouatensis n. sp.: G, holotype, MNHN.F.J09945, Saucats (Peloua), France, Burdigalian; H, paratype, MNHN.F.J17632, Saucats (Peloua); I, J, Textiliomurex chodmonensis n. sp.: I, holotype, MNHN.F.A81144 (Pacaud coll.), Chaumont-en-Vexin (Carrière Darcy), France, Lutetian; J, paratype, MNHN.F.A81145 (Pons coll.), Chaumont-en- Vexin (Carrière Darcy); K, L, Ponderia remyi n. sp.: K, holotype, MNHN.F.A90548 (Remy coll.), Fresville, Lutetian; L, paratype, MNHN.F.A90555, Fresville (Remy coll.); M, N, Flexopteron constantinense n. sp.: M, paratype, MNHN.F.A77761 (MNHN coll.), Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin), France, Priabonian; N, holotype, MNHN.F.A77760 (MNHN coll.), Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin). Scale bars: A-D, I-L, 10 mm; E-H, N, 5 mm; M, 3 mm. Credits: A, B, D-F, N, P. Loubry (MNHN/ CNRS); C, E. Robert (UCBL)." pageId="36" pageNumber="529">27M</figureCitation>
) • 10 spm (juveniles);
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFC2E422FEEDF9CFFE08F982" box="[341,393,1561,1585]" country="France" location="France" pageId="36" pageNumber="529" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">idem</materialsCitation>
;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFC2E422FE2BF9CCFE69F982" box="[403,488,1562,1585]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="36" pageNumber="529">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A90551 (
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFC2E422FDE1F9CFFD2CF982" box="[601,685,1561,1585]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="36" pageNumber="529">MNHN</collectionCode>
coll.).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFC2E422FF3CF99FFE4DF925" pageId="36" pageNumber="529" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC2E422FF3CF99FFE4DF925" blockId="36.[131,775,1609,1686]" pageId="36" pageNumber="529">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC2E422FF3CF99FFF7FF9EC" baselines="1626,1627" box="[132,254,1609,1632]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Etymology" pageId="36" pageNumber="529">ETYMOLOGY</smallCapsWord>
. — From the Latin adjective
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC2E422FDADF99FFD11F9D3" box="[533,656,1609,1632]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="529">Constantinus</emphasis>
in reference to the
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFC2E422FF7DF9B2FF6EF9CF" box="[197,239,1636,1660]" pageId="36" pageNumber="529">type</typeStatus>
region of the species (
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC2E422FE69F9B2FDFEF9C8" box="[465,639,1636,1659]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="529">pagus constantinus</emphasis>
of the Gallo- Roman), the Cotentin (Manche).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFC2E422FF3CF978FE09F8F7" pageId="36" pageNumber="529" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC2E422FF3CF978FEA9F949" blockId="36.[132,775,1709,1786]" pageId="36" pageNumber="529">
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<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC2E422FF78F965FE9EF977" baselines="1728" box="[192,287,1715,1732]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="horizon" pageId="36" pageNumber="529">HORIZON</smallCapsWord>
. — Argiles à Corbules Formation, late Eocene (Priabonian), stratigraphic data given by
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC2E422FDB5F91EFD24F953" author="CAVELIER C." box="[525,677,1736,1760]" pageId="36" pageNumber="529" pagination="1 - 280" refId="ref43197" refString="CAVELIER C. 1979. - La limite eocene-oligocene en Europe occidentale. Sciences Geologiques (Institut de Geologie de Strasbourg), Memoire 54: 1 - 280. https: // www. persee. fr / doc / sgeol _ 0302 - 2684 _ 1979 _ mon _ 54 _ 1" type="journal article" year="1979">Cavelier (1979)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC2E422FD6DF91EFEA3F949" author="CHATEAUNEUF J. - J." pageId="36" pageNumber="529" pagination="1 - 350" refId="ref43345" refString="CHATEAUNEUF J. - J. 1980. - Palynostratigraphie et paleoclimatologie de l'Eocene superieur et de l'Oligocene du bassin de Paris. Memoires du BRGM 116: 1 - 350." type="journal article" year="1980">Chateauneuf (1980)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
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<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC2E422FF04F8C1FE96F89B" baselines="1828" box="[188,279,1815,1832]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="locality" pageId="36" pageNumber="529">LOCALITY</smallCapsWord>
. —
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFC2E422FEFCF8C4FE09F89A" box="[324,392,1810,1833]" name="France" pageId="36" pageNumber="529">France</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49E3F82EFFC2E422FE2AF8C4FE7FF899" box="[402,510,1810,1834]" country="France" name="Haute-Normandie" pageId="36" pageNumber="529">Normandy</collectingRegion>
, Manche, Rauville-la-Place (Cauvin),
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC2E422FF51F8FAFE03F8F7" author="CAVELIER C." box="[233,386,1836,1860]" pageId="36" pageNumber="529" pagination="1 - 280" refId="ref43197" refString="CAVELIER C. 1979. - La limite eocene-oligocene en Europe occidentale. Sciences Geologiques (Institut de Geologie de Strasbourg), Memoire 54: 1 - 280. https: // www. persee. fr / doc / sgeol _ 0302 - 2684 _ 1979 _ mon _ 54 _ 1" type="journal article" year="1979">Cavelier (1979)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC2E422FF3CF88AFE93F8C1" baselines="1901,1902" box="[132,274,1884,1907]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Distribution" pageId="36" pageNumber="529">DISTRIBUTION</smallCapsWord>
. —
<collectingRegion id="49E3F82EFFC2E422FE86F88AFE28F8C7" box="[318,425,1884,1908]" country="France" name="Haute-Normandie" pageId="36" pageNumber="529">Normandy</collectingRegion>
(
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFC2E422FE0EF88AFE7DF8C7" box="[438,508,1884,1908]" name="France" pageId="36" pageNumber="529">France</collectingCountry>
), late Eocene (Priabonian).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFC2E423FF3CF844FEAEFE63" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="530" pageId="36" pageNumber="529" type="description">
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC2E422FF3CF867FC6DF8BF" blockId="36.[132,777,1938,2028]" lastBlockId="36.[811,1458,1459,1804]" pageId="36" pageNumber="529">
Smooth, paucispiral protoconch of 1.5 whorls. Teleoconch probably biconic (spire broken in most adult specimen), last whorl (
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFC2E422FCCEFA65FC56FA7E" box="[886,983,1459,1485]" pageId="36" pageNumber="529" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
) up to
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFC2E422FB98FA65FBDEFA7E" box="[1056,1119,1459,1485]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="36" pageNumber="529" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
in height, up to
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFC2E422FAB3FA65FACBFA7E" box="[1291,1354,1459,1485]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="36" pageNumber="529" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
in width. Moderately high spire in juveniles. Rounded to subcarinate whorls. First whorl to fourth whorl: no cord. Fifth whorl: weak P1 to P5. P1 spine poorly developed. Axial sculpture with five sublamellose varices on first whorl, seven on second whorl, eight on third and fourth whorls. Ten varices on
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. Ovate aperture, siphonal canal short. Columellar lip smooth, adherent posteriorly. No anal sulcus, no parietal callus. Outer lip with denticles D1, D2 and D3. Shoulder sinus of P1 spine shallow. Pseudo-umbilicus narrow. Siphonal canal short, open.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC2E422FC95F8E4FC46F8F9" blockId="36.[811,1457,1842,2028]" box="[813,967,1842,1868]" pageId="36" pageNumber="529">
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</paragraph>
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Although the material is composed of juvenile specimens (
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFC2E422FC8EF8A7FC1EF838" box="[822,927,1905,1931]" pageId="36" pageNumber="529" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
) and a last whorl of an adult specimen (
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFC2E422FAF9F8A7FA24F838" box="[1345,1445,1905,1931]" pageId="36" pageNumber="529" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
), it differs clearly from all Bartonian and Priabonian species from Northern Europe. The early whorls of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC2E422FA8BF867FBB9F858" authority="(Wrigley, 1930)" baseAuthorityName="Wrigley" baseAuthorityYear="1930" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Flexopteron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="36" pageNumber="529" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="albionis">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC2E422FA8BF867FC01F858" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="529">Flexopteron albionis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC2E422FC28F807FBB1F858" author="WRIGLEY A." box="[912,1072,2001,2027]" pageId="36" pageNumber="529" pagination="91 - 115" refId="ref49157" refString="WRIGLEY A. 1930. - Notes on English Eocene and Oligocene Mollusca with descriptions of new species. IV - The Muricidae. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London 19: 91 - 115." type="journal article" year="1930">Wrigley, 1930</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
from Barton beds,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC2E423FAA1F804FEAEFF42" authority="(Wrigley, 1930)" baseAuthorityName="Wrigley" baseAuthorityYear="1930" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Flexopteron" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="37" lastPageNumber="530" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="36" pageNumber="529" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="subplicatilis">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC2E422FAA1F804FA2EF858" box="[1305,1455,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="529">F. subplicatilis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC3E423FF33FF01FEA6FF42" author="WRIGLEY A." box="[139,295,215,241]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" pagination="91 - 115" refId="ref49157" refString="WRIGLEY A. 1930. - Notes on English Eocene and Oligocene Mollusca with descriptions of new species. IV - The Muricidae. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London 19: 91 - 115." type="journal article" year="1930">Wrigley, 1930</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
from the Bartonian of Southampton Dock and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC3E423FF0DFF2EFD8AFEA1" authority="(Deshayes, 1835)" baseAuthorityName="Deshayes" baseAuthorityYear="1835" box="[181,523,247,274]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Flexopteron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="spinulosum">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC3E423FF0DFF2EFEC5FEA2" box="[181,324,247,273]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">F. spinulosum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC3E423FEECFF21FD82FEA1" author="DESHAYES G. - P." box="[340,515,247,274]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" pagination="79 - 106" refId="ref43930" refString="DESHAYES G. - P. 1835. - Description des coquilles fossiles des environs de Paris. Tome 2. Livraisons 40 - 45, l'auteur, Bechet Jeune, Baudouin freres, Treuttel &amp; Wurtz, Paris: 499 - 780; Atlas 2, Levrault, Paris: pl. 79 - 106. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 52303" type="book chapter" year="1835">Deshayes, 1835</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
from the Bartonian of the Paris Basin differ from those of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC3E423FE43FECEFD27FE82" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[507,678,280,305]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Flexopteron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="constantinense" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC3E423FE43FECEFD27FE82" box="[507,678,280,305]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">F. constantinense</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC3E423FD14FECEFD67FE81" box="[684,742,280,306]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
by having a more ornamented spiral sculpture with well developed P1 to P3.
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC3E423FE9BFE81FD3CFEC2" authority="(von Koenen, 1889)" baseAuthorityName="von Koenen" baseAuthorityYear="1889" box="[291,701,343,369]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Flexopteron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="elatior">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC3E423FE9BFE81FE61FEC2" box="[291,480,343,369]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">Flexopteron elatior</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC3E423FE55FE81FD34FEC2" author="VON KOENEN A." box="[493,693,343,369]" pageId="37" pageNumber="530" pagination="1 - 280" refId="ref49077" refString="VON KOENEN A. 1889. - Das Norddeutsche Unter-Oligocan und seine Mollusken-Fauna. Abhandlungen zur geologischen Specialkarte von Preussen und den Thuringischen Staaten 10 (1): 1 - 280." type="journal article" year="1889">von Koenen, 1889</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, found in the Bartonian of the Paris Basin and in the Priabonian of Lattorf (
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFC3E423FF59FE41FECAFE02" box="[225,331,407,433]" name="Germany" pageId="37" pageNumber="530">Germany</collectingCountry>
) is another species bearing strong spiral ornamentation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,209 @@
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Genus
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FBAAFC43FB08FC1C" box="[1042,1161,917,943]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Flexopteron</emphasis>
Shuto, 1969
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. —
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC5E425FC6AFC18FABEFC55" authority="Shuto, 1969" authorityName="Shuto" authorityYear="1969" box="[978,1343,974,998]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Flexopteron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="philippinense">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FC6AFC18FB3FFC55" box="[978,1214,974,998]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Flexopteron philippinense</emphasis>
Shuto, 1969
</taxonomicName>
, by original designation. Late Miocene:
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFC5E425FB82FC3FFB2AFBB2" box="[1082,1195,1001,1025]" name="Philippines" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Philippines</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFC5E425FC95FBE3FA1BF97D" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC5E425FC95FBE3FC2DFBFE" blockId="35.[811,1457,1077,1742]" box="[813,940,1077,1103]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC5E425FC95FB83FA1BF97D" blockId="35.[811,1457,1077,1742]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">
The genus
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC5E425FC22FB83FB16FBDC" authority="Shuto, 1969" authorityName="Shuto" authorityYear="1969" box="[922,1175,1109,1135]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Flexopteron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FC22FB83FB8EFBDC" box="[922,1039,1109,1135]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Flexopteron</emphasis>
Shuto, 1969
</taxonomicName>
was previously included in the subfamily
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC5E425FC79FBA3FBB1FB3C" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1815" box="[961,1072,1141,1167]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Muricinae">Muricinae</taxonomicName>
(e.g.,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC5E425FBC9FBA3FB6FFB3C" author="VOKES E. H." box="[1137,1262,1141,1167]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" pagination="1 - 108" refId="ref48996" refString="VOKES E. H. 1992. - Cenozoic Muricidae of the Western Atlantic region, Part IX - Pterynotus, Poirieria, Aspella, Dermomurex, Calotrophon, Acantolabia, and Attiliosa; additions and corrections. Tulane Studies in Geology and Paleontology 25 (1 - 3): 1 - 108." type="journal article" year="1992">Vokes 1992</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC5E425FB44FBA3FAB5FB3C" author="VOKES E. H." box="[1276,1332,1141,1167]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" pagination="4 - 6" refId="ref49051" refString="VOKES E. H. 1996. - One last look at the Muricidae. American Conchologist 24 (2): 4 - 6." type="journal article" year="1996">1996</bibRefCitation>
;
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FAF9FBA3FA21FB3C" box="[1345,1440,1141,1167]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">inter alia</emphasis>
). According to
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC5E425FC7CFB43FB10FB1C" author="MERLE D. &amp; GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P." box="[964,1169,1173,1199]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" refId="ref47234" refString="MERLE D., GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P. 2011. - Fossil &amp; Recent Muricidae of the World. Part Muricinae. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 652 p." type="book" year="2011">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC5E425FC7CFB43FB82FB1C" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[964,1027,1173,1199]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FBB2FB43FBBEFB1C" box="[1034,1087,1173,1199]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">et al.</emphasis>
(2011)
</bibRefCitation>
, it displays plesiomorphic shells, differing greatly from the derived shells found in typical
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC5E425FC93FB02FC1BFB5D" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1815" box="[811,922,1236,1262]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Muricinae">Muricinae</taxonomicName>
that are close to the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC5E425FB0FFB03FA2AFB5C" authority="Linnaeus, 1758" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1207,1451,1236,1263]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FB0FFB03FB7AFB5D" box="[1207,1275,1237,1262]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Murex</emphasis>
Linnaeus, 1758
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC5E425FC93FB22FB99FABC" author="MERLE D. &amp; GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P." box="[811,1048,1268,1295]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" refId="ref47234" refString="MERLE D., GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P. 2011. - Fossil &amp; Recent Muricidae of the World. Part Muricinae. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 652 p." type="book" year="2011">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC5E425FC93FB22FCEBFABD" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[811,874,1268,1294]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FCC8FB23FC23FABD" box="[880,930,1268,1294]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">et al.</emphasis>
(2011: 54)
</bibRefCitation>
defined an informal group called Basal muricid group including
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC5E425FB8CFAC2FB2BFA9D" authorityName="Shuto" authorityYear="1969" box="[1076,1194,1300,1326]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Flexopteron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FB8CFAC2FB2BFA9D" box="[1076,1194,1300,1326]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Flexopteron</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC5E425FB00FAC2FA88FA9D" authorityName="Jousseaume" authorityYear="1880" box="[1208,1289,1300,1326]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Paziella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FB00FAC2FA88FA9D" box="[1208,1289,1300,1326]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Paziella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC5E425FAACFAC3FAECFA9D" authorityName="Jousseaume" authorityYear="1880" box="[1300,1389,1301,1326]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Poirieria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FAACFAC3FAECFA9D" box="[1300,1389,1301,1326]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Poirieria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC5E425FAC2FAC3FCE6FAFD" authorityName="de Gregorio" authorityYear="1885" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FAC2FAC3FCE6FAFD" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Timbellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and several other genera. In a molecular phylogenetic work,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC5E425FCD6FA83FBBFFADD" author="HOUART R. &amp; BUGE B. &amp; ZUCCON D." box="[878,1086,1364,1391]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" pagination="103 - 147" refId="ref45035" refString="HOUART R., BUGE B. &amp; ZUCCON D. 2021. - A taxonomic update of the Typhinae (Gastropoda: Muricidae) with a review of New Caledonia species and the description of new species from New Caledonia, the South China sea and Western Australia. Journal of Conchology 44 (2): 103 - 147." type="journal article" year="2021">
Houart
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FC79FA83FC70FADD" box="[961,1009,1364,1390]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">et al.</emphasis>
(2021)
</bibRefCitation>
found a clade including
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC5E425FA81FA82FA2CFADD" authorityName="Shuto" authorityYear="1969" box="[1337,1453,1364,1390]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Flexopteron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FA81FA82FA2CFADD" box="[1337,1453,1364,1390]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Flexopteron</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC5E425FCE6FAA2FC47FA3D" authorityName="de Gregorio" authorityYear="1885" box="[862,966,1396,1422]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FCE6FAA2FC47FA3D" box="[862,966,1396,1422]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Timbellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. This result could suggest close relationship between
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC5E425FC37FA42FB86FA1D" authorityName="Shuto" authorityYear="1969" box="[911,1031,1428,1454]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Flexopteron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FC37FA42FB86FA1D" box="[911,1031,1428,1454]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Flexopteron</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC5E425FBF9FA42FB28FA1D" authorityName="de Gregorio" authorityYear="1885" box="[1089,1193,1428,1454]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FBF9FA42FB28FA1D" box="[1089,1193,1428,1454]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Timbellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and confirms that they are not phylogenetically related to the derived clade of typical
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC5E425FC93FA02FC1FFA5D" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1815" box="[811,926,1492,1518]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Muricinae">Muricinae</taxonomicName>
. However, this relationship is not retrieved in the latest molecular phylogenetics of
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC5E425FB22FA22FAF9F9BD" author="RUSSINI V. &amp; FASSIO G. &amp; NOCELLA E. &amp; HOUART R. &amp; BARCO A. &amp; PUILLANDRE N. &amp; MODICA M. V. &amp; M. OLIVERIO" box="[1178,1400,1524,1550]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" pagination="856 - 868" refId="ref48453" refString="RUSSINI V., FASSIO G., NOCELLA E., HOUART R., BARCO A., PUILLANDRE N., LOZOUET P, MODICA M. V. &amp; M. OLIVERIO 2023. - Whelks, rock-snails, and allied: a new phylogenetic framework for the family Muricidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda). The European Zoological Journal 90 (2): 856 - 868. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 24750263.2023.2283517" type="journal article" year="2023">
Russini
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FB49FA22FAA7F9BD" box="[1265,1318,1524,1550]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">et al.</emphasis>
(2023)
</bibRefCitation>
, and those authors do not give subfamilial attribution to
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC5E425FA82F9C2FA2CF99D" authorityName="Shuto" authorityYear="1969" box="[1338,1453,1556,1582]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Flexopteron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FA82F9C2FA2CF99D" box="[1338,1453,1556,1582]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Flexopteron</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FC8DF9E2FC34F9FE" box="[821,949,1587,1613]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">incertae sedis</emphasis>
position).
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC5E425FB9CF9E5FB18F9FE" authorityName="Shuto" authorityYear="1969" box="[1060,1177,1587,1613]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Flexopteron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FB9CF9E5FB18F9FE" box="[1060,1177,1587,1613]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Flexopteron</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been considered in the past as a subgenus of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC5E425FBACF982FBEFF9DE" authorityName="Jousseaume" authorityYear="1880" box="[1044,1134,1620,1645]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Poirieria" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FBACF982FBEFF9DE" box="[1044,1134,1620,1645]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Poirieria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(e.g.,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC5E425FB09F985FAB0F9DD" author="VOKES E. H." box="[1201,1329,1619,1646]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" pagination="1 - 108" refId="ref48996" refString="VOKES E. H. 1992. - Cenozoic Muricidae of the Western Atlantic region, Part IX - Pterynotus, Poirieria, Aspella, Dermomurex, Calotrophon, Acantolabia, and Attiliosa; additions and corrections. Tulane Studies in Geology and Paleontology 25 (1 - 3): 1 - 108." type="journal article" year="1992">Vokes 1992</bibRefCitation>
) or
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC5E425FAE6F985FA2EF9DE" authorityName="Jousseaume" authorityYear="1880" box="[1374,1455,1619,1645]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Paziella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FAE6F985FA2EF9DE" box="[1374,1455,1619,1645]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Paziella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(e.g.,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC5E425FCD3F9A5FBABF93E" author="MERLE D. &amp; GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P." box="[875,1066,1651,1677]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" refId="ref47234" refString="MERLE D., GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P. 2011. - Fossil &amp; Recent Muricidae of the World. Part Muricinae. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 652 p." type="book" year="2011">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC5E425FCD3F9A5FC2BF93E" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[875,938,1651,1677]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FC0BF9A2FC68F93E" box="[947,1001,1651,1677]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">et al.</emphasis>
2011
</bibRefCitation>
). As there is no evidence of a close phylogenetic relationship between these two genera based on molecular analyses, we give
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC5E425FBE0F965FB4EF97E" authorityName="Shuto" authorityYear="1969" box="[1112,1231,1715,1741]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Flexopteron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FBE0F965FB4EF97E" box="[1112,1231,1715,1741]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Flexopteron</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
full generic status.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,303 @@
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<mods:title id="CAD91BE7B9CA48B010B577998D9FCB3F">New Cenozoic Muricidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from Europe</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="752C9B33D9ACBFFFDB05AE9D43B7DABC">Geodiversitas</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="0AC29586292EE002B56928A6A46E4AE7">
<mods:date id="282891545989E0068036640F489800F7">2024</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="2E5F0C6A3935B1527FA01C844E1DFF79" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="0388827B079A2B42D023C6C0A543CD60">2024-10-24</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="1095697A89A9F8A0372C4126255FE191" type="volume">
<mods:number id="006D8BFC802DDEAD11CEC60FC829626E">46</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="F7957A9843FD0678216844D8999D7B1D" type="issue">
<mods:number id="F6DE4756D9A79585652124F70B6F30B5">15</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="3EB340A3C32FCEEF46A6DC8B647B1197" unit="page">
<mods:start id="D3FCEB5233F42A761F97B235F5CA517D">495</mods:start>
<mods:end id="BAB80DAB0FE64B338487783497FCE526">551</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="15B837884C9083D5D1880D0CB539F89E">
<mods:url id="1E2ED605DFA6A2A62B8CF43ACD06AB79">https://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/sites/default/files/articles/pdf/g2024v46a15.pdf</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="D0F18B46642313CF893767AEF08A569F">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="429E354B041504715CD5D9192F32BF67" type="DOI">10.5252/geodiversitas2024v46a15</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C70EC8E302B215AD288DF84B4CB88421" type="ISSN">1638-9395</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="7BBCE83677525AA59D1AFA1F62F6BE5D" type="ZooBank">urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C32EAAFD-85D8-45CD-8DF7-B894E1537713</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="038E87DAFFC5E425FEEAFDCEFC6BFCE3" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:13F57F4E-5263-4EC8-92FE-105E24BA99C9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038E87DAFFC5E425FEEAFDCEFC6BFCE3" lastPageNumber="528" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFC5E425FEEAFDCEFDBBFD82" box="[338,570,534,562]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC5E425FEEAFDCEFDBBFD82" blockId="35.[338,570,534,562]" box="[338,570,534,562]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">
<heading id="D0D081A0FFC5E425FEEAFDCEFDBBFD82" box="[338,570,534,562]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC5E425FEEAFDCEFE79FD83" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[338,504,534,562]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Ponderia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="remyi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FEEAFDCEFE79FD83" bold="true" box="[338,504,534,562]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Ponderia remyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC5E425FE47FDC1FDBBFD82" box="[511,570,535,561]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFC5E425FEE9FDE0FC86FD3F" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC5E425FEE9FDE0FDBBFDE3" blockId="35.[337,570,566,593]" box="[337,570,566,593]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">
(
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFC5E425FEE1FDE0FE26FDE3" box="[345,423,566,592]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="36.[132,143,1313,1330]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,214,1228]" captionTargetId="figure-443@36.[746,1306,253,786]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIG. 19. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Textiliomurex chodmonensis n. sp. (A-D) and Ponderia remyi n. sp. (E, H): A, B, holotype, MNHN.F.A81144 (Pacaud coll.), Chaumont-en-Vexin (Carrière Darcy), Oise, Paris Basin, France, middle Eocene (Lutetian); C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A81145 (Pons coll.), Chaumont-en-Vexin (Carrière Darcy); E, F, holotype, MNHN.F.A90548 (Remy coll.), Fresville, Manche, Normandy, France, middle Eocene (Lutetian); G, H, MNHN.F.A90555, Fresville (Remy coll.). Scale bars: 10 mm. Credits: P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Figs 19</figureCitation>
E-H; 27K, L)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC5E425FF3CFDADFC86FD3F" blockId="35.[132,775,635,652]" box="[132,775,635,652]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">
<uri id="FFB63ACEFFC5E425FF3CFDADFC86FD3F" box="[132,775,635,652]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="FF810C19FFC5E425FED9FDADFC86FD3F" box="[353,775,635,652]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">13F57F4E-5263-4EC8-92FE-105E24BA99C9</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFC5E425FF3CFD6AFEB6FC1B" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC5E425FF3CFD6AFD77FCBA" blockId="35.[132,775,700,936]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFC5E425FF3CFD6AFD77FCBA" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="de Fresville &amp; Remy" country="France" county="Manche" location="Calcaire de Fresville" municipality="Fresville" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Haute-Normandie" typeStatus="holotype">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC5E425FF3CFD6AFF34FD61" baselines="717,718" box="[132,181,700,723]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">TYPE</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC5E425FF04FD14FE9BFD60" baselines="719" box="[188,282,706,723]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="material" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">MATERIAL</smallCapsWord>
. —
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FEF0FD6AFE77FD67" bold="true" box="[328,502,700,724]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFC5E425FEF0FD6AFE28FD67" box="[328,425,700,724]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFC5E425FE0CFD6AFE77FD67" box="[436,502,700,724]" name="France" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">France</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="49E3F82EFFC5E425FDB5FD6AFDF8FD67" box="[525,633,700,724]" country="France" name="Haute-Normandie" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Normandy</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="62F94E40FFC5E425FD3BFD6AFD54FD67" box="[643,725,700,724]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Manche</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFCACB6FFC5E425FD58FD6AFF36FD5D" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Fresville</collectingMunicipality>
;
<location id="8EF86017FFC5E425FF7AFD00FE08FD5D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFC5E425FEEAFDCEFC6BFCE3:8EF86017FFC5E425FF7AFD00FE08FD5D" box="[194,393,726,750]" country="France" county="Manche" municipality="Fresville" name="Calcaire de Fresville" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" stateProvince="Haute-Normandie">
Calcaire
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFC5E425FEA1FD00FE08FD5D" box="[281,393,726,750]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">de Fresville</collectorName>
</location>
; middle
<location id="8EF86017FFC5E425FE67FD01FDA4FD5D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFC5E425FEEAFDCEFC6BFCE3:8EF86017FFC5E425FE67FD01FDA4FD5D" box="[479,549,727,750]" country="France" county="Manche" municipality="Fresville" name="Eocene" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" stateProvince="Haute-Normandie">Eocene</location>
(uppermost
<location id="8EF86017FFC5E425FD1EFD00FD7CFD5D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFC5E425FEEAFDCEFC6BFCE3:8EF86017FFC5E425FD1EFD00FD7CFD5D" box="[678,765,726,750]" country="France" county="Manche" municipality="Fresville" name="Lutetian" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" stateProvince="Haute-Normandie">Lutetian</location>
);
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFC5E425FF3DFD27FF58FCBB" box="[133,217,753,776]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A90548 (
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFC5E425FEF2FD27FE04FCBA" box="[330,389,753,777]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Remy</collectorName>
coll.), H:
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFC5E425FE52FD27FDB3FCBB" box="[490,562,753,777]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" unit="mm" value="26.0">26 mm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFC5E425FDF8FD27FD33FCBB" box="[576,690,753,777]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="36.[132,143,1313,1330]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,214,1228]" captionTargetId="figure-443@36.[746,1306,253,786]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIG. 19. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Textiliomurex chodmonensis n. sp. (A-D) and Ponderia remyi n. sp. (E, H): A, B, holotype, MNHN.F.A81144 (Pacaud coll.), Chaumont-en-Vexin (Carrière Darcy), Oise, Paris Basin, France, middle Eocene (Lutetian); C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A81145 (Pons coll.), Chaumont-en-Vexin (Carrière Darcy); E, F, holotype, MNHN.F.A90548 (Remy coll.), Fresville, Manche, Normandy, France, middle Eocene (Lutetian); G, H, MNHN.F.A90555, Fresville (Remy coll.). Scale bars: 10 mm. Credits: P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Figs 19E, F</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFC5E425FD05FD27FD6AFCBA" box="[701,747,753,777]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="46.[132,143,1606,1623]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1546]" captionTargetId="figure-366@46.[699,1260,794,1359]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIG. 27. — New species of Timbellus De Gregorio, 1885, Pterynotus Swainson, 1833 (Pterymarchia Houart, 1995), Textiliomurex Merle, 2011, Ponderia Houart, 1986 and Flexopteron Shuto, 1969: A-C, Timbellus submicropterus n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.A24111 (MNHN coll.), Fresville, France, Lutetian; B, paratype, MNHN.F.A24126 (Munier-Chalmas coll.), Gourbesville, France, Lutetian; C, paratype, UCBL-EM 33438 (Bourdot coll.), Fresville; D, T. cf. submicropterus n. sp., MNHN.F.A90557 (Brébion coll.), Saint-Aignan-Grand-Lieu (Pierre-Aiguë), France, Bartonian; E, F, Pterynotus (Pterymarchia) gaasensis n. sp.: E, holotype, MNHN.F.A32492 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos), France, Rupelian; F, paratype, MNHN.F.A90554 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos); G, H, P. (P.) pelouatensis n. sp.: G, holotype, MNHN.F.J09945, Saucats (Peloua), France, Burdigalian; H, paratype, MNHN.F.J17632, Saucats (Peloua); I, J, Textiliomurex chodmonensis n. sp.: I, holotype, MNHN.F.A81144 (Pacaud coll.), Chaumont-en-Vexin (Carrière Darcy), France, Lutetian; J, paratype, MNHN.F.A81145 (Pons coll.), Chaumont-en- Vexin (Carrière Darcy); K, L, Ponderia remyi n. sp.: K, holotype, MNHN.F.A90548 (Remy coll.), Fresville, Lutetian; L, paratype, MNHN.F.A90555, Fresville (Remy coll.); M, N, Flexopteron constantinense n. sp.: M, paratype, MNHN.F.A77761 (MNHN coll.), Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin), France, Priabonian; N, holotype, MNHN.F.A77760 (MNHN coll.), Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin). Scale bars: A-D, I-L, 10 mm; E-H, N, 5 mm; M, 3 mm. Credits: A, B, D-F, N, P. Loubry (MNHN/ CNRS); C, E. Robert (UCBL)." pageId="35" pageNumber="528">27K</figureCitation>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC5E425FF3CFCDDFEB6FC1B" blockId="35.[132,775,700,936]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFC5E425FF3CFCDDFEEFFC90" box="[132,366,779,803]" country="France" location="France" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FF3CFCDDFEA7FC90" bold="true" box="[132,294,779,803]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFC5E425FF3CFCDDFF61FC90" box="[132,224,779,803]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFC5E425FF50FCDDFEA7FC90" box="[232,294,779,803]" name="France" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">France</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
• 5 spm
</materialsCitation>
; same as for the
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFC5E425FE43FCDDFDCFFC90" box="[507,590,779,803]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFC5E425FDEDFCDAFD27FC90" box="[597,678,780,803]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A90549 (
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFC5E425FF33FCF0FF48FC8D" box="[139,201,806,830]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Remy</collectorName>
coll.) • 1 spm;
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFC5E425FECCFCF0FE2AFC8D" box="[372,427,806,830]" country="France" location="France" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">idem</materialsCitation>
;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFC5E425FE02FCF0FD93FC8E" box="[442,530,806,829]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A90555 (
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFC5E425FD33FCF0FD48FC8D" box="[651,713,806,830]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Remy</collectorName>
coll.) (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFC5E425FF34FC96FE86FCEB" box="[140,263,832,856]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="36.[132,143,1313,1330]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,214,1228]" captionTargetId="figure-443@36.[746,1306,253,786]" captionTargetPageId="36" captionText="FIG. 19. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Textiliomurex chodmonensis n. sp. (A-D) and Ponderia remyi n. sp. (E, H): A, B, holotype, MNHN.F.A81144 (Pacaud coll.), Chaumont-en-Vexin (Carrière Darcy), Oise, Paris Basin, France, middle Eocene (Lutetian); C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A81145 (Pons coll.), Chaumont-en-Vexin (Carrière Darcy); E, F, holotype, MNHN.F.A90548 (Remy coll.), Fresville, Manche, Normandy, France, middle Eocene (Lutetian); G, H, MNHN.F.A90555, Fresville (Remy coll.). Scale bars: 10 mm. Credits: P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Fig. 19G, H</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFC5E425FEABFC96FEBAFCEB" box="[275,315,832,856]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="46.[132,143,1606,1623]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1546]" captionTargetId="figure-366@46.[699,1260,794,1359]" captionTargetPageId="46" captionText="FIG. 27. — New species of Timbellus De Gregorio, 1885, Pterynotus Swainson, 1833 (Pterymarchia Houart, 1995), Textiliomurex Merle, 2011, Ponderia Houart, 1986 and Flexopteron Shuto, 1969: A-C, Timbellus submicropterus n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.A24111 (MNHN coll.), Fresville, France, Lutetian; B, paratype, MNHN.F.A24126 (Munier-Chalmas coll.), Gourbesville, France, Lutetian; C, paratype, UCBL-EM 33438 (Bourdot coll.), Fresville; D, T. cf. submicropterus n. sp., MNHN.F.A90557 (Brébion coll.), Saint-Aignan-Grand-Lieu (Pierre-Aiguë), France, Bartonian; E, F, Pterynotus (Pterymarchia) gaasensis n. sp.: E, holotype, MNHN.F.A32492 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos), France, Rupelian; F, paratype, MNHN.F.A90554 (Merle coll.), Gaas (Espibos); G, H, P. (P.) pelouatensis n. sp.: G, holotype, MNHN.F.J09945, Saucats (Peloua), France, Burdigalian; H, paratype, MNHN.F.J17632, Saucats (Peloua); I, J, Textiliomurex chodmonensis n. sp.: I, holotype, MNHN.F.A81144 (Pacaud coll.), Chaumont-en-Vexin (Carrière Darcy), France, Lutetian; J, paratype, MNHN.F.A81145 (Pons coll.), Chaumont-en- Vexin (Carrière Darcy); K, L, Ponderia remyi n. sp.: K, holotype, MNHN.F.A90548 (Remy coll.), Fresville, Lutetian; L, paratype, MNHN.F.A90555, Fresville (Remy coll.); M, N, Flexopteron constantinense n. sp.: M, paratype, MNHN.F.A77761 (MNHN coll.), Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin), France, Priabonian; N, holotype, MNHN.F.A77760 (MNHN coll.), Carentan-les-Marais (Cauvin). Scale bars: A-D, I-L, 10 mm; E-H, N, 5 mm; M, 3 mm. Credits: A, B, D-F, N, P. Loubry (MNHN/ CNRS); C, E. Robert (UCBL)." pageId="35" pageNumber="528">27L</figureCitation>
) • 3 spm,
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFC5E425FE1BFC97FE76FCEB" box="[419,503,833,856]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A90550 (
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFC5E425FDD2FC96FD3FFCEB" box="[618,702,832,856]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">MNHN</collectionCode>
coll.) • 1 spm;
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFC5E425FF6AFC8DFD44FCC0" box="[210,709,859,883]" collectorName="Fresville &amp; de Vauville" country="France" location="Manche" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Haute-Normandie" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingRegion id="49E3F82EFFC5E425FF6AFC8DFEBFFCC0" box="[210,318,859,883]" country="France" name="Haute-Normandie" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Normandy</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="8EF86017FFC5E425FEF1FC8DFE1AFCC0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFC5E425FEEAFDCEFC6BFCE3:8EF86017FFC5E425FEF1FC8DFE1AFCC0" box="[329,411,859,883]" country="France" name="Manche" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" stateProvince="Haute-Normandie">Manche</location>
,
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFC5E425FE1FFC8DFE77FCC0" box="[423,502,859,883]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Fresville</collectorName>
(coteau
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFC5E425FDF6FC8DFD3EFCC0" box="[590,703,859,883]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">de Vauville</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFC5E425FD77FC8DFC82FCC0" box="[719,771,859,883]" collectorName="Fresville &amp; de Vauville" country="France" location="Manche" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Haute-Normandie" typeStatus="paratype">idem</materialsCitation>
;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFC5E425FF3CFCA0FF54FC3E" box="[132,213,886,909]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A27328 (
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFC5E425FEFAFCA3FE15FC3E" box="[322,404,885,909]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">MNHN</collectionCode>
coll.) • 2 spm;
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFC5E425FDA3FCA3FDCCFC3E" box="[539,589,885,909]" collectorName="Fresville &amp; de Vauville" country="France" location="Manche" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Haute-Normandie" typeStatus="paratype">idem</materialsCitation>
;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFC5E425FDEBFCA0FD24FC3E" box="[595,677,886,909]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.B63590 (
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFC5E425FF33FC46FF79FC1B" box="[139,248,912,936]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">de Morgan</collectorName>
coll.).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFC5E425FF3CFC16FEE8FC41" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC5E425FF3CFC16FEE8FC41" blockId="35.[132,774,959,1010]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC5E425FF3CFC16FE81FC65" baselines="977,978" box="[132,256,960,983]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Etymology" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">ETYMOLOGY</smallCapsWord>
. — Dedicated to Nicolas Remy who collected the material of this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFC5E425FF3CFBDCFE99FB35" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC5E425FF3CFBDCFE55FB88" blockId="35.[131,775,1033,1084]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC5E425FF3CFBDCFF34FBAC" baselines="1051,1051" box="[132,181,1034,1057]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">TYPE</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC5E425FF02FBD9FE95FB93" baselines="1052" box="[186,276,1039,1056]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="horizon" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">HORIZON</smallCapsWord>
. — Calcaire de Fresville, middle Eocene (uppermost Lutetian), see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC5E425FEB6FBF2FE4FFB8F" author="BIGNOT G. &amp; HOMMERIL P. &amp; LARSONNEUR C." box="[270,462,1060,1084]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" pagination="405 - 416" refId="ref42941" refString="BIGNOT G., HOMMERIL P. &amp; LARSONNEUR C. 1968. - Le Lutetien au large du Cotentin, in Colloque sur l'Eocene (Paris, mai 1968). Memoires BRGM 58: 405 - 416." type="journal article" year="1968">
Bignot
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FEEFFBF3FE07FB8F" box="[343,390,1060,1084]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">et al.</emphasis>
(1968)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC5E425FF3CFB82FE99FB35" blockId="35.[132,776,1107,1158]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC5E425FF3CFB82FF39FBDA" baselines="1125,1125" box="[132,184,1108,1131]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">TYPE</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC5E425FF78FB8FFE9EFBD9" baselines="1126" box="[192,287,1113,1130]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="locality" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">LOCALITY</smallCapsWord>
. —
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFC5E425FEEAFB82FE18FBD8" box="[338,409,1108,1131]" name="France" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">France</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49E3F82EFFC5E425FE1EFB85FD96FBD8" box="[422,535,1107,1131]" country="France" name="Haute-Normandie" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Normandy</collectingRegion>
, Manche, Fresville, see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC5E425FF3EFBB8FE95FB35" author="APGN &amp; ASSOCIATION PATRIMOINE GEOLOGIQUE DE NORMANDIE" box="[134,276,1134,1158]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" refId="ref42597" refString="APGN (ASSOCIATION PATRIMOINE GEOLOGIQUE DE NORMANDIE) 2024. - Faluns cretaces et tertiaires de Fresville, BNO 0182. Available at: http: // www. apgn. fr / apgn / carte _ site / fic _ s 50 _ 75. pdf (last access on 03 / 2024)." type="book" year="2024">APGN (2024)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFC5E425FF3CFB48FD19FB06" box="[132,664,1181,1206]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC5E425FF3CFB48FD19FB06" blockId="35.[132,664,1181,1206]" box="[132,664,1181,1206]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC5E425FF3CFB48FE93FB07" baselines="1199,1200" box="[132,274,1182,1205]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Distribution" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">DISTRIBUTION</smallCapsWord>
. — Only known from the
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFC5E425FDA4FB48FDC7FB05" box="[540,582,1182,1206]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">type</typeStatus>
locality.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFC5E425FF3CFB02FC6BFCE3" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC5E425FF3CFB02FE94FB5F" blockId="35.[130,777,1236,2028]" box="[132,277,1236,1262]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC5E425FF3CFB02FE94FB5F" baselines="1255,1255" box="[132,277,1236,1262]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Description" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">DESCRIPTION</smallCapsWord>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC5E425FF3CFB25FC46FF43" blockId="35.[130,777,1236,2028]" lastBlockId="35.[811,1457,215,848]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">
Bulbous, paucispiral protoconch of 1.5 whorls. Slender, fusiform teleoconch up to
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFC5E425FEC8FAC2FE3DFA9D" box="[368,444,1300,1326]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" unit="mm" value="21.0">21 mm</quantity>
in height, up to
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFC5E425FDDDFAC2FD25FA9D" box="[613,676,1300,1326]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
in width. High spire, up to six subcarinate whorls. Last whorl (sixth whorl) up to 69% of total length. Apical angle 35° excluding P1 spine and up to 55° including P1 spine. Spiral sculpture with strongly marked primary cords. First and second whorl: no primary cord. Third whorl: appearance of weak P2. Fourth whorl: P2 strongly marked and appearance of weak P1. Fifth whorl: strongly marked P1 and P2. Sixth and last whorl: P1 to P3 well marked, P4 weak (convex part of whorl); secondary cords occasionally s1 and s2. Axial sculpture with 8-9 lamellose protovarices per whorl from first to fourth whorl to four lamellose protovarices. From fifth whorl to sixth whorl, three major varices and two or three nodulose intervarices intercalated. Varices with three major cord spines (P1 to P3). P1 spine appearing at beginning of first whorl and forming open tube at end of first whorl. From second to last whorl P1 spine well developed, open. Intervarical nodules spirally aligned and present on P1 and P2. Ovate aperture up 32% of diameter (including wings) and up to 76% of length of last whorl (including siphonal canal). Columellar lip smooth, poorly erect. Parietal lip adherent. Shoulder channel of P1 open. Outer lip lacking denticle. Outer lip not crenulate. Pseudoumbilicus narrow. Siphonal canal open, up to 55% of apertural length.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC5E425FC95FF21FC6BFCE3" blockId="35.[811,1457,215,848]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">
Amongst European Eocene species,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC5E425FB11FF21FAC5FEA2" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1193,1348,247,273]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Ponderia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="remyi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FB11FF21FAC5FEA2" box="[1193,1348,247,273]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Ponderia remyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC5E425FAF3FF2EFA04FEA1" box="[1355,1413,248,274]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
can be compared to
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC5E425FC5FFECEFA85FE82" authority="(Magne, 1941)" baseAuthorityName="Magne" baseAuthorityYear="1941" box="[999,1284,279,305]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Ponderia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="daguini">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FC5FFECEFBD2FE82" box="[999,1107,279,305]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">P. daguini</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC5E425FBDCFEC1FB7DFE82" author="MAGNE A." box="[1124,1276,279,305]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" pagination="28 - 36" refId="ref46270" refString="MAGNE A. 1941. - Sur quelques especes nouvelles ou interessantes provenant du Calcaire a Asteries de la Souys. Proces-verbaux de la Societe linneenne de Bordeaux 91: 28 - 36." type="journal article" year="1941">Magne, 1941</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
from the Early Eocene of Gan (Aquitaine and Paris Basins) and to
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC5E425FAE5FEEEFB94FEC2" authority="(Sowerby, 1823)" baseAuthorityName="Sowerby" baseAuthorityYear="1823" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Ponderia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bispinosa">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FAE5FEEEFCDBFEC2" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">P. bispinosa</emphasis>
(Sowerby, 1823)
</taxonomicName>
from the Middle Eocene of the Paris Basin and
<collectingRegion id="49E3F82EFFC5E425FC19FEA1FB9BFE22" box="[929,1050,375,401]" country="United Kingdom" name="Hampshire" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Hampshire</collectingRegion>
(
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFC5E425FB91FEA1FB06FE22" box="[1065,1159,375,401]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">England</collectingCountry>
) and from the Late Eocene of Lattorf Basin (
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFC5E425FC59FE41FBCCFE02" box="[993,1101,407,433]" name="Germany" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Germany</collectingCountry>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC5E425FBE3FE41FA8CFE02" baseAuthorityName="Magne" baseAuthorityYear="1941" box="[1115,1293,407,433]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Ponderia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="daguini">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FBE3FE41FA8CFE02" box="[1115,1293,407,433]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Ponderia daguini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is easily distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC5E425FC78FE61FB90FE63" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[960,1041,439,464]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Ponderia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="remyi" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FC78FE61FB90FE63" box="[960,1041,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">P. remyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC5E425FBA0FE61FBD2FE62" box="[1048,1107,439,465]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
in having a broader shape, more numerous cords (with P5, P6 and ADP) and nodulose cords.
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC5E425FC93FE20FC6FFDA3" baseAuthorityName="Sowerby" baseAuthorityYear="1823" box="[811,1006,502,528]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Ponderia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bispinosa">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FC93FE20FC6FFDA3" box="[811,1006,502,528]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">Ponderia bispinosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
usually bears more foliaceus varices. The cord spines of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC5E425FC6AFDC1FBCAFD83" baseAuthorityName="Sowerby" baseAuthorityYear="1823" box="[978,1099,534,560]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Ponderia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bispinosa">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FC6AFDC1FBCAFD83" box="[978,1099,534,560]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">P. bispinosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
varies from two (P1 and P3) to five (P1 to P5). The morphotypes with five cords spines are common in the Lutetian and in the Bartonian of the Paris Basin, where those with two cord spines are common in the Bartonian of Hampshire and in the Priabonian of Lattorf (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC5E425FA30FD41FC3EFD63" author="VON KOENEN A." pageId="35" pageNumber="528" pagination="1 - 280" refId="ref49077" refString="VON KOENEN A. 1889. - Das Norddeutsche Unter-Oligocan und seine Mollusken-Fauna. Abhandlungen zur geologischen Specialkarte von Preussen und den Thuringischen Staaten 10 (1): 1 - 280." type="journal article" year="1889">von Koenen 1889</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC5E425FC76FD60FB07FD63" author="MERLE D. &amp; GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P." box="[974,1158,694,720]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" refId="ref47234" refString="MERLE D., GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P. 2011. - Fossil &amp; Recent Muricidae of the World. Part Muricinae. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 652 p." type="book" year="2011">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC5E425FC76FD60FB8CFD63" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[974,1037,694,720]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FBACFD61FBC9FD63" box="[1044,1096,694,720]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">et al.</emphasis>
2011
</bibRefCitation>
). The varices of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC5E425FA81FD61FA31FD63" baseAuthorityName="Sowerby" baseAuthorityYear="1823" box="[1337,1456,694,720]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Ponderia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bispinosa">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FA81FD61FA31FD63" box="[1337,1456,694,720]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">P. bispinosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are more winged than those of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC5E425FB33FD01FB5FFD43" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1163,1246,727,752]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Ponderia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="remyi" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FB33FD01FB5FFD43" box="[1163,1246,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">P. remyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC5E425FB5EFD00FAA2FD43" box="[1254,1315,726,752]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
In addition,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC5E425FC96FD21FC25FCA3" baseAuthorityName="Sowerby" baseAuthorityYear="1823" box="[814,932,758,784]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Ponderia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bispinosa">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC5E425FC96FD21FC25FCA3" box="[814,932,758,784]" italics="true" pageId="35" pageNumber="528">P. bispinosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
clearly differs in having a multispiral protoconch and a microsculpture formed of small elongated granules (see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFC5E425FCE4FCE0FC5AFCE3" author="MERLE D." box="[860,987,822,848]" pageId="35" pageNumber="528" pagination="145 - 185" refId="ref46577" refString="MERLE D. 1990. - Revision des Muricidae du Cuisien de Gan et de Bos d'Arros (Bassin d'Aquitaine, France). Bulletin du Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris 4 eme ser., 11 (1989), sect. C, 3: 145 - 185." type="journal article" year="1990">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC5E425FCE4FCE0FC1AFCE3" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[860,923,822,848]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="35" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
1990
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
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Genus
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC9E429FC46FD60FB0CFD63" box="[1022,1165,694,720]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">Pronucellopsis</emphasis>
Merle
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,
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</heading>
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. —
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC9E429FC5AFCEAFB3BFCE7" box="[994,1210,828,852]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">Pronucellopsis pacaudi</emphasis>
Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret
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,
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by present designation.
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<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC9E429FC2DFC5AFC5BFC2E" baselines="921" box="[917,986,908,925]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="species" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">SPECIES</smallCapsWord>
. —
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC9E429FBB9FC50FB4CFC2D" box="[1025,1229,902,926]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">Pronucellopsis pacaudi</emphasis>
Merle, Ledon &amp; Goret
</taxonomicName>
,
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, Paris Basin,
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFC9E429FB8AFC77FBF7FC0B" box="[1074,1142,929,952]" name="France" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">France</collectingCountry>
; Paleocene (Thanetian).
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<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC9E429FC95FC07FABEFB65" blockId="47.[811,1457,976,1238]" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFC9E429FC95FC07FC14FC54" baselines="994,995" box="[813,917,977,1000]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Diagnosis" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">DIAGNOSIS</smallCapsWord>
. — Subfusiform teleoconch with rounded whorls. Poorly marked cords. No IP. P6 weak, not atrophied. ADP, MP weak. Secondary cords (s1, s2, s3, s4) appearing late in ontogeny. Primary cords P3 to P6 appearing after third whorl. Varices formed by one or two abaxial lamellae on early whorls, occasionally reinforced by several lamellae on succeeding whorls. Number of varices: between 13 and 15. Weak, rounded shoulder sinus. Posterior sinus on sutural ramp deep. Internal denticles usually weak: ID missing. D1 stronger than D2. D6 present. Columellar lip smooth. Siphonal canal narrow. Microstructure of three aragonite layers.
</paragraph>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFC9E429FC95FAC2FA31F9BE" blockId="47.[811,1456,1268,1550]" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC9E429FC95FAC2FB85FA9D" authority="Merle" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[813,1028,1300,1326]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pronucellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC9E429FC95FAC2FC3DFA9D" box="[813,956,1300,1326]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">Pronucellopsis</emphasis>
Merle
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFC9E429FBA8FAC3FBDBFA9C" box="[1040,1114,1301,1327]" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is the sister taxon of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC9E429FA86FAC2FA2EFA9D" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="2005" box="[1342,1455,1300,1326]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Nucellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC9E429FA86FAC2FA2EFA9D" box="[1342,1455,1300,1326]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">Nucellopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(clade E,
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFC9E429FC28FAE2FC4CFAFD" box="[912,973,1332,1358]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[134,143,1784,1801]" captionTargetBox="[134,618,235,1734]" captionTargetId="graphics-161@6.[134,618,235,1734]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 1. — Strict Consensus tree of 7 equally parsimonious trees (length 107, ci 0.53, ri 0.78) generated by Winclada and computed using the option Heuristic Analysis (mult* max*), all characters non additive." pageId="47" pageNumber="540">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). Both taxa share a weak or missing shoulder sinus.
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC9E429FCCAFA82FBCBFADD" authority="Merle" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[882,1098,1364,1390]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pronucellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC9E429FCCAFA82FB80FADD" box="[882,1025,1364,1390]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">Pronucellopsis</emphasis>
Merle
</taxonomicName>
,
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is easily differentiated in having a more elongated shape and poorly developed internal denticles. It also displays poor development of the spiral cords which always remain weak and appear late in ontogeny. This feature is present in early muricids from the Paleocene (e.g.,
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC9E429FC94FA22FC04F9BE" box="[812,901,1524,1549]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">Poirieria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFC9E429FC1DFA25FB9AF9BE" authorityName="Shuto" authorityYear="1969" box="[933,1051,1523,1549]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Flexopteron" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="47" pageNumber="540" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFC9E429FC1DFA25FB9AF9BE" box="[933,1051,1523,1549]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="540">Flexopteron</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and seems a plesiomorphic character.
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View file

@ -0,0 +1,243 @@
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<mods:title id="9EA5110482B9F3EC06FF93B3F1844381">New Cenozoic Muricidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from Europe</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="C8BBB7F6C7EFF3D15F3572261A5DEF12">Merle, Didier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="43FF6930186EC5C9457409E0F43E6F6D">Muséum national dhistoire naturelle, Département Origines et Évolution (CR 2 P - MNHN, CNRS, UPMC, Sorbonne Université), 57 rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) didier. merle @ mnhn. fr (corresponding author) jean-michel. pacaud @ mnhn. fr dnledon @ yahoo. fr</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="E35A922F9C7908BF6F51CF9465DF66F4">Raoul Ponchon, F- 31500 Toulouse (France) bernardgoret @ hotmail. com</mods:affiliation>
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Genus
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCCE42CFE83FA45FE7EFA1E" box="[315,511,1427,1453]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="535">Pseudotrophonopsis</emphasis>
Merle
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,
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</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFCCE42CFE3EFA65FC86F9BA" pageId="42" pageNumber="535" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFCCE42CFE3EFA65FD84FA7E" blockId="42.[390,517,1459,1485]" box="[390,517,1459,1485]" pageId="42" pageNumber="535">
(
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFCCE42CFE37FA65FE5BFA7E" box="[399,474,1459,1485]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="40.[132,143,1849,1866]" captionTargetBox="[166,1424,259,1693]" captionTargetId="figure-226@40.[703,1243,828,1398]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIG. 22. — Species of the informal group Jsowerbyia-Beyregrex n. gen.-Pseudotrophonopsis n. gen.: A, B, Jsowerbya sexdentata (Sowerby, 1823), BMNH GG22673 (Burton coll.), Colwell Bay, Wight Island, England, late Eocene (Priabonian); C, D, Beyregrex sarroniensis (Carez, 1870), n. comb., MNHN.F.J02576 (figured specimen of Cossmann &amp; Pissarro 1911: pl. 35, fig.169-14), Sarron, Oise, Paris Basin, France, early Eocene (Ypresian); E, F, B. hantoniensis (Edwards, 1866),n. comb.,Morton coll., Middle Headon Brockenhurst bed, Whitecliff Bay, Wight Island, England,late Eocene (Priabonian); G, H, B. pereger (Beyrich, 1854), n. comb.,MNHN.F.A90561 (Lozouet &amp; Maestrati coll.), Auvers-Saint-Georges,Essonne,Paris Basin,France, early Oligocene (Rupelian); I-L, Pseudotrophonopsis defossa (Pilkington, 1804), n. comb.: I, J, MNHN.F.J17634 (Cossmann coll.), Barton-on-Sea, Hampshire, England, middle Eocene (Bartonian); K, A. Smith coll. (juvenile specimen), upper Barton bed H, Barton Highcliffe; L, MNHN.F.A90560 (Munier-Chalmas coll.), Le Vouast, Oise, late Eocene (Priabonian). Scale bars: A-J, L, 5 mm; K, 1 mm. Credits: A, B, D. Serrette (MNHN); C, D, G-J, L, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); E-F, K, A. Morton." pageId="42" pageNumber="535">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
I-L)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFCCE42CFF3CFA2EFC86F9BA" blockId="42.[132,775,1528,1545]" box="[132,775,1528,1545]" pageId="42" pageNumber="535">
<uri id="FFB63ACEFFCCE42CFF3CFA2EFC86F9BA" box="[132,775,1528,1545]" pageId="42" pageNumber="535">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="FF810C19FFCCE42CFEE6FA2EFC86F9BA" box="[350,775,1528,1545]" pageId="42" pageNumber="535">A8FA7CDF-EBB1-4B5C-988E-14A31F6D1689</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFCCE42CFF3CF9E2FDD0F933" pageId="42" pageNumber="535" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFCCE42CFF3CF9E2FDD0F933" blockId="42.[130,776,1587,2027]" pageId="42" pageNumber="535">
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<typeStatus id="549C886EFFCCE42CFF3CF9E2FF32F9FA" box="[132,179,1588,1611]" pageId="42" pageNumber="535">TYPE</typeStatus>
</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFCCE42CFF00F9EFFF7DF9F9" baselines="1606" box="[184,252,1593,1610]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="species" pageId="42" pageNumber="535">SPECIES</smallCapsWord>
. —
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCCE42CFE99F9E2FDF4F9F8" authority="Pilkington, 1804" authorityName="Pilkington" authorityYear="1804" box="[289,629,1587,1611]" class="Gastropoda" family="Buccinidae" genus="Buccinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="42" pageNumber="535" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="defossum">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCCE42CFE99F9E2FE4EF9F8" box="[289,463,1587,1611]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="535">Buccinum defossum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFCCE42CFE6DF9E5FDF4F9F8" author="PILKINGTON W." box="[469,629,1587,1611]" pageId="42" pageNumber="535" pagination="116 - 118" refId="ref48349" refString="PILKINGTON W. 1804. - Description of some fossil shells found in Hampshire. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 7: 116 - 118." type="journal article" year="1804">Pilkington, 1804</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, middle Eocene (Bartonian) of
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFCCE42CFEAAF998FEE5F9D5" box="[274,356,1614,1638]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="42" pageNumber="535">England</collectingCountry>
(
<collectingRegion id="49E3F82EFFCCE42CFEC8F998FE61F9D5" box="[368,480,1614,1638]" country="United Kingdom" name="Hampshire" pageId="42" pageNumber="535">Hampshire</collectingRegion>
) (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFCCE42CFE4EF998FDB8F9D5" box="[502,569,1614,1638]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="40.[132,143,1849,1866]" captionTargetBox="[166,1424,259,1693]" captionTargetId="figure-226@40.[703,1243,828,1398]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIG. 22. — Species of the informal group Jsowerbyia-Beyregrex n. gen.-Pseudotrophonopsis n. gen.: A, B, Jsowerbya sexdentata (Sowerby, 1823), BMNH GG22673 (Burton coll.), Colwell Bay, Wight Island, England, late Eocene (Priabonian); C, D, Beyregrex sarroniensis (Carez, 1870), n. comb., MNHN.F.J02576 (figured specimen of Cossmann &amp; Pissarro 1911: pl. 35, fig.169-14), Sarron, Oise, Paris Basin, France, early Eocene (Ypresian); E, F, B. hantoniensis (Edwards, 1866),n. comb.,Morton coll., Middle Headon Brockenhurst bed, Whitecliff Bay, Wight Island, England,late Eocene (Priabonian); G, H, B. pereger (Beyrich, 1854), n. comb.,MNHN.F.A90561 (Lozouet &amp; Maestrati coll.), Auvers-Saint-Georges,Essonne,Paris Basin,France, early Oligocene (Rupelian); I-L, Pseudotrophonopsis defossa (Pilkington, 1804), n. comb.: I, J, MNHN.F.J17634 (Cossmann coll.), Barton-on-Sea, Hampshire, England, middle Eocene (Bartonian); K, A. Smith coll. (juvenile specimen), upper Barton bed H, Barton Highcliffe; L, MNHN.F.A90560 (Munier-Chalmas coll.), Le Vouast, Oise, late Eocene (Priabonian). Scale bars: A-J, L, 5 mm; K, 1 mm. Credits: A, B, D. Serrette (MNHN); C, D, G-J, L, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); E-F, K, A. Morton." pageId="42" pageNumber="535">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
I-K), and late Eocene (Priabonian) of
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFCCE42CFEA6F9BFFEDEF933" box="[286,351,1641,1664]" name="France" pageId="42" pageNumber="535">France</collectingCountry>
(Paris Basin) (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFCCE42CFE57F9BEFDC4F933" box="[495,581,1640,1664]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="40.[132,143,1849,1866]" captionTargetBox="[166,1424,259,1693]" captionTargetId="figure-226@40.[703,1243,828,1398]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIG. 22. — Species of the informal group Jsowerbyia-Beyregrex n. gen.-Pseudotrophonopsis n. gen.: A, B, Jsowerbya sexdentata (Sowerby, 1823), BMNH GG22673 (Burton coll.), Colwell Bay, Wight Island, England, late Eocene (Priabonian); C, D, Beyregrex sarroniensis (Carez, 1870), n. comb., MNHN.F.J02576 (figured specimen of Cossmann &amp; Pissarro 1911: pl. 35, fig.169-14), Sarron, Oise, Paris Basin, France, early Eocene (Ypresian); E, F, B. hantoniensis (Edwards, 1866),n. comb.,Morton coll., Middle Headon Brockenhurst bed, Whitecliff Bay, Wight Island, England,late Eocene (Priabonian); G, H, B. pereger (Beyrich, 1854), n. comb.,MNHN.F.A90561 (Lozouet &amp; Maestrati coll.), Auvers-Saint-Georges,Essonne,Paris Basin,France, early Oligocene (Rupelian); I-L, Pseudotrophonopsis defossa (Pilkington, 1804), n. comb.: I, J, MNHN.F.J17634 (Cossmann coll.), Barton-on-Sea, Hampshire, England, middle Eocene (Bartonian); K, A. Smith coll. (juvenile specimen), upper Barton bed H, Barton Highcliffe; L, MNHN.F.A90560 (Munier-Chalmas coll.), Le Vouast, Oise, late Eocene (Priabonian). Scale bars: A-J, L, 5 mm; K, 1 mm. Credits: A, B, D. Serrette (MNHN); C, D, G-J, L, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); E-F, K, A. Morton." pageId="42" pageNumber="535">Fig. 22L</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFCCE42CFF3CF944FED4F8EB" pageId="42" pageNumber="535" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFCCE42CFF3CF944FD3CF96C" blockId="42.[130,776,1587,2027]" pageId="42" pageNumber="535">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFCCE42CFF3CF944FF7FF91B" baselines="1699,1700" box="[132,254,1682,1705]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Etymology" pageId="42" pageNumber="535">ETYMOLOGY</smallCapsWord>
. — Name based on the Greek prefix
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCCE42CFDE7F944FD1CF919" box="[607,669,1682,1706]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="535">pseudo</emphasis>
(false), because the superficial resemblance of the
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFCCE42CFDBDF97BFDAEF976" box="[517,559,1709,1733]" pageId="42" pageNumber="535">type</typeStatus>
species with members of the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCCE42CFEBAF911FD38F96C" authority="Bucquoy &amp; Dautzenberg, 1882" authorityName="Bucquoy &amp; Dautzenberg" authorityYear="1882" box="[258,697,1735,1759]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Trophonopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="42" pageNumber="535" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCCE42CFEBAF911FEFBF96C" box="[258,378,1735,1759]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="535">Trophonopsis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFCCE42CFE38F911FD38F96C" author="BUCQUOY E. &amp; DAUTZENBERG P. &amp; DOLLFUS G." box="[384,697,1735,1759]" pageId="42" pageNumber="535" refId="ref43163" refString="BUCQUOY E., DAUTZENBERG P. &amp; DOLLFUS G. 1882. - Les mollusques marins du Roussillon. Tome Ier. Gastropodes. Bailliere &amp; fils, Paris, 570 p." type="book" year="1882">Bucquoy &amp; Dautzenberg, 1882</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFCCE42CFF3CF927FED4F8EB" blockId="42.[130,776,1587,2027]" pageId="42" pageNumber="535">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFCCE42CFF3CF927FF6AF8B4" baselines="1794,1795" box="[132,235,1777,1800]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Included" pageId="42" pageNumber="535">INCLUDED</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFCCE42CFF48F920FEB6F8B4" baselines="1795" box="[240,311,1782,1799]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="species" pageId="42" pageNumber="535">SPECIES</smallCapsWord>
. —
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCCE42CFED9F927FD45F8BA" authority="Pilkington, 1804" authorityName="Pilkington" authorityYear="1804" box="[353,708,1776,1801]" class="Gastropoda" family="Buccinidae" genus="Buccinum" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="42" pageNumber="535" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="defossum">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCCE42CFED9F927FD99F8BB" box="[353,536,1776,1800]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="535">Buccinum defossum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFCCE42CFDA6F926FD45F8BA" author="PILKINGTON W." box="[542,708,1776,1801]" pageId="42" pageNumber="535" pagination="116 - 118" refId="ref48349" refString="PILKINGTON W. 1804. - Description of some fossil shells found in Hampshire. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 7: 116 - 118." type="journal article" year="1804">Pilkington, 1804</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
[synomym:
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCCE42CFF7EF8DAFDA7F890" authority="Deshayes, 1835" authorityName="Deshayes" authorityYear="1835" box="[198,550,1803,1827]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Fusus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="42" pageNumber="535" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sublamellosus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCCE42CFF7EF8DAFEFFF890" box="[198,382,1803,1827]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="535">Fusus sublamellosus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFCCE42CFE3EF8DDFDA7F890" author="DESHAYES G. - P." box="[390,550,1803,1827]" pageId="42" pageNumber="535" pagination="79 - 106" refId="ref43930" refString="DESHAYES G. - P. 1835. - Description des coquilles fossiles des environs de Paris. Tome 2. Livraisons 40 - 45, l'auteur, Bechet Jeune, Baudouin freres, Treuttel &amp; Wurtz, Paris: 499 - 780; Atlas 2, Levrault, Paris: pl. 79 - 106. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 52303" type="book chapter" year="1835">Deshayes, 1835</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
],
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFCCE42CFD81F8DDFD0FF890" box="[569,654,1803,1827]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="42" pageNumber="535">England</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49E3F82EFFCCE42CFD21F8DDFC86F890" box="[665,775,1803,1827]" country="United Kingdom" name="Hampshire" pageId="42" pageNumber="535">Hampshire</collectingRegion>
Basin, middle Eocene (Bartonian) and
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFCCE42CFDAEF8F0FDDDF88E" box="[534,604,1830,1853]" name="France" pageId="42" pageNumber="535">France</collectingCountry>
, Paris Basin, late Eocene (Priabonian).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFCCE42CFF3CF8BCFB1BFA71" pageId="42" pageNumber="535" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFCCE42CFF3CF8BCFB1BFA71" blockId="42.[130,776,1587,2027]" lastBlockId="42.[812,1456,1424,1474]" pageId="42" pageNumber="535">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFCCE42CFF3CF8BCFF6EF833" baselines="1915,1916" box="[132,239,1898,1921]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Diagnosis" pageId="42" pageNumber="535">DIAGNOSIS</smallCapsWord>
. — Smooth multispiral protoconch (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFCCE42CFDEEF8BFFD2FF831" box="[598,686,1897,1922]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="40.[132,143,1849,1866]" captionTargetBox="[166,1424,259,1693]" captionTargetId="figure-226@40.[703,1243,828,1398]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIG. 22. — Species of the informal group Jsowerbyia-Beyregrex n. gen.-Pseudotrophonopsis n. gen.: A, B, Jsowerbya sexdentata (Sowerby, 1823), BMNH GG22673 (Burton coll.), Colwell Bay, Wight Island, England, late Eocene (Priabonian); C, D, Beyregrex sarroniensis (Carez, 1870), n. comb., MNHN.F.J02576 (figured specimen of Cossmann &amp; Pissarro 1911: pl. 35, fig.169-14), Sarron, Oise, Paris Basin, France, early Eocene (Ypresian); E, F, B. hantoniensis (Edwards, 1866),n. comb.,Morton coll., Middle Headon Brockenhurst bed, Whitecliff Bay, Wight Island, England,late Eocene (Priabonian); G, H, B. pereger (Beyrich, 1854), n. comb.,MNHN.F.A90561 (Lozouet &amp; Maestrati coll.), Auvers-Saint-Georges,Essonne,Paris Basin,France, early Oligocene (Rupelian); I-L, Pseudotrophonopsis defossa (Pilkington, 1804), n. comb.: I, J, MNHN.F.J17634 (Cossmann coll.), Barton-on-Sea, Hampshire, England, middle Eocene (Bartonian); K, A. Smith coll. (juvenile specimen), upper Barton bed H, Barton Highcliffe; L, MNHN.F.A90560 (Munier-Chalmas coll.), Le Vouast, Oise, late Eocene (Priabonian). Scale bars: A-J, L, 5 mm; K, 1 mm. Credits: A, B, D. Serrette (MNHN); C, D, G-J, L, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); E-F, K, A. Morton." pageId="42" pageNumber="535">Fig. 22K</figureCitation>
). Biconic teleoconch with rounded whorls. P6 not atrophied. IP, ADP, MP, ADP present. Primary P1 to P6 present on first whorl (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFCCE42CFD1AF848FD7DF804" box="[674,764,1950,1975]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="40.[132,143,1849,1866]" captionTargetBox="[166,1424,259,1693]" captionTargetId="figure-226@40.[703,1243,828,1398]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIG. 22. — Species of the informal group Jsowerbyia-Beyregrex n. gen.-Pseudotrophonopsis n. gen.: A, B, Jsowerbya sexdentata (Sowerby, 1823), BMNH GG22673 (Burton coll.), Colwell Bay, Wight Island, England, late Eocene (Priabonian); C, D, Beyregrex sarroniensis (Carez, 1870), n. comb., MNHN.F.J02576 (figured specimen of Cossmann &amp; Pissarro 1911: pl. 35, fig.169-14), Sarron, Oise, Paris Basin, France, early Eocene (Ypresian); E, F, B. hantoniensis (Edwards, 1866),n. comb.,Morton coll., Middle Headon Brockenhurst bed, Whitecliff Bay, Wight Island, England,late Eocene (Priabonian); G, H, B. pereger (Beyrich, 1854), n. comb.,MNHN.F.A90561 (Lozouet &amp; Maestrati coll.), Auvers-Saint-Georges,Essonne,Paris Basin,France, early Oligocene (Rupelian); I-L, Pseudotrophonopsis defossa (Pilkington, 1804), n. comb.: I, J, MNHN.F.J17634 (Cossmann coll.), Barton-on-Sea, Hampshire, England, middle Eocene (Bartonian); K, A. Smith coll. (juvenile specimen), upper Barton bed H, Barton Highcliffe; L, MNHN.F.A90560 (Munier-Chalmas coll.), Le Vouast, Oise, late Eocene (Priabonian). Scale bars: A-J, L, 5 mm; K, 1 mm. Credits: A, B, D. Serrette (MNHN); C, D, G-J, L, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); E-F, K, A. Morton." pageId="42" pageNumber="535">Fig. 22K</figureCitation>
). Coarse secondary cords equal in strength to primary cords. Varices low, formed by one short abaxial lamella. No P1 spine. No shoul- der sinus. Posterior sinus shallow. Columellar lip smooth. Internal denticles D1 to D6 split. ID missing.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFCCE42DFC95FA25FC84F9DE" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="536" pageId="42" pageNumber="535" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFCCE42CFC95FA25FC2DF9B8" blockId="42.[811,1456,1523,2027]" box="[813,940,1523,1549]" pageId="42" pageNumber="535">
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFCCE42DFC95F9C4FC84F9DE" blockId="42.[811,1456,1523,2027]" lastBlockId="43.[130,775,1427,1645]" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="536" pageId="42" pageNumber="535">
This strange species differs from members of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCCE42CFAB8F9C4FCF1F9FE" authority="Merle, 2005 b" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="2005" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Jsowerbya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="42" pageNumber="535" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCCE42CFAB8F9C4FAE2F99F" box="[1280,1379,1554,1580]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="535">Jsowerbya</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFCCE42CFAD2F9C4FCF1F9FE" author="MERLE D." pageId="42" pageNumber="535" pagination="505 - 517" refId="ref46835" refString="MERLE D. 2005 b. - Jsowerbya, new genus of Muricidae (Mollusca Gastropoda) from the Eocene of the Paris (France) and Hampshire basins (England), with a phylogenetic assessment of its ocenebrine versus ergalataxine affinities. Geobios 38 (4): 505 - 517. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. geobios. 2004.02.002" type="journal article" year="2005">Merle, 2005b</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCCE42CFC19F9E5FBC7F9FF" authority="Merle" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="2024" box="[929,1094,1586,1612]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Beyregrex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="42" pageNumber="535" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCCE42CFC19F9E5FC7EF9FF" box="[929,1023,1587,1612]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="535">Beyregrex</emphasis>
Merle
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFCCE42CFBF6F9E5FB17F9FE" box="[1102,1174,1587,1613]" pageId="42" pageNumber="535" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
by having rounded whorls, no shoulder sinus and by having strongly developed secondary cords. Because of its rounded whorls, it resembles members of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCCE42CFCF1F944FC39F91F" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="2005" box="[841,952,1682,1708]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Nucellopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="42" pageNumber="535" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCCE42CFCF1F944FC39F91F" box="[841,952,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="535">Nucellopsis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but they are distinguishing by their buccinoid shape and by a later appearance of the primary cords. The phylogenetic analysis (Winclada tree,
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFCCE42CFB6BF904FA90F95F" box="[1235,1297,1746,1772]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="6.[134,143,1784,1801]" captionTargetBox="[134,618,235,1734]" captionTargetId="graphics-161@6.[134,618,235,1734]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIG. 1. — Strict Consensus tree of 7 equally parsimonious trees (length 107, ci 0.53, ri 0.78) generated by Winclada and computed using the option Heuristic Analysis (mult* max*), all characters non additive." pageId="42" pageNumber="535">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
) suggests that it could represent a stem group of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCCE42CFB17F924FA92F8BF" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="2005" box="[1199,1299,1778,1804]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Jsowerbya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="42" pageNumber="535" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCCE42CFB17F924FA92F8BF" box="[1199,1299,1778,1804]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="535">Jsowerbya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. We therefore propose the new genus
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCCE42CFB88F8C4FB72F89F" box="[1072,1267,1810,1836]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="535">Pseudotrophonopsis</emphasis>
Merle
</taxonomicName>
,
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as
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCCE42CFC96F8E4FBD2F8FF" authority="(Pilkington, 1804)" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Pilkington" baseAuthorityYear="1804" box="[814,1107,1841,1868]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pseudotrophonopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="42" pageNumber="535" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="defossa" status="n. comb.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCCE42CFC96F8E4FC09F8F8" box="[814,904,1841,1867]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="535">P. defossa</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFCCE42CFC2BF8E7FBCBF8FF" author="PILKINGTON W." box="[915,1098,1841,1868]" pageId="42" pageNumber="535" pagination="116 - 118" refId="ref48349" refString="PILKINGTON W. 1804. - Description of some fossil shells found in Hampshire. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London 7: 116 - 118." type="journal article" year="1804">Pilkington, 1804</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
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cannot be attributed to
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCCE42CFC93F887FC0FF8D8" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="2005" box="[811,910,1873,1899]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Jsowerbya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="42" pageNumber="535" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCCE42CFC93F887FC0FF8D8" box="[811,910,1873,1899]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="535">Jsowerbya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCCE42CFC15F884FBD2F8D8" authority="Merle" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="2024" box="[941,1107,1873,1899]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Beyregrex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="42" pageNumber="535" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCCE42CFC15F884FB8AF8D8" box="[941,1035,1874,1899]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="535">Beyregrex</emphasis>
Merle
</taxonomicName>
,
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<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCCE42CFB1DF887FA2CF8D8" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Pilkington" baseAuthorityYear="1804" box="[1189,1453,1873,1899]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pseudotrophonopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="42" pageNumber="535" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="defossa" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCCE42CFB1DF887FA2CF8D8" box="[1189,1453,1873,1899]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="535">Pseudotrophonopsis defossa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFCCE42CFC93F8A4FC08F838" box="[811,905,1905,1932]" pageId="42" pageNumber="535" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
occurs in the Bartonian from
<collectingRegion id="49E3F82EFFCCE42CFB7EF8A7FABCF838" box="[1222,1341,1905,1931]" country="United Kingdom" name="Hampshire" pageId="42" pageNumber="535">Hampshire</collectingRegion>
(
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFCCE42CFAF2F8A7FA27F838" box="[1354,1446,1905,1931]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="42" pageNumber="535">England</collectingCountry>
) and is known in the Priabonian from the Paris Basin, where it was identified as
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCCE42CFBB8F864FAFAF87F" authority="Deshayes, 1835" authorityName="Deshayes" authorityYear="1835" box="[1024,1403,1969,1996]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Fusus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="42" pageNumber="535" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sublamellosus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCCE42CFBB8F864FB46F878" box="[1024,1223,1969,1995]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="535">Fusus sublamellosus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFCCE42CFB76F867FAFAF87F" author="DESHAYES G. - P." box="[1230,1403,1969,1996]" pageId="42" pageNumber="535" pagination="79 - 106" refId="ref43930" refString="DESHAYES G. - P. 1835. - Description des coquilles fossiles des environs de Paris. Tome 2. Livraisons 40 - 45, l'auteur, Bechet Jeune, Baudouin freres, Treuttel &amp; Wurtz, Paris: 499 - 780; Atlas 2, Levrault, Paris: pl. 79 - 106. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 52303" type="book chapter" year="1835">Deshayes, 1835</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. The protoconch of the English and French populations (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFCCE42CFAF2F807FA26F858" box="[1354,1447,2001,2027]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="40.[132,143,1849,1866]" captionTargetBox="[166,1424,259,1693]" captionTargetId="figure-226@40.[703,1243,828,1398]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIG. 22. — Species of the informal group Jsowerbyia-Beyregrex n. gen.-Pseudotrophonopsis n. gen.: A, B, Jsowerbya sexdentata (Sowerby, 1823), BMNH GG22673 (Burton coll.), Colwell Bay, Wight Island, England, late Eocene (Priabonian); C, D, Beyregrex sarroniensis (Carez, 1870), n. comb., MNHN.F.J02576 (figured specimen of Cossmann &amp; Pissarro 1911: pl. 35, fig.169-14), Sarron, Oise, Paris Basin, France, early Eocene (Ypresian); E, F, B. hantoniensis (Edwards, 1866),n. comb.,Morton coll., Middle Headon Brockenhurst bed, Whitecliff Bay, Wight Island, England,late Eocene (Priabonian); G, H, B. pereger (Beyrich, 1854), n. comb.,MNHN.F.A90561 (Lozouet &amp; Maestrati coll.), Auvers-Saint-Georges,Essonne,Paris Basin,France, early Oligocene (Rupelian); I-L, Pseudotrophonopsis defossa (Pilkington, 1804), n. comb.: I, J, MNHN.F.J17634 (Cossmann coll.), Barton-on-Sea, Hampshire, England, middle Eocene (Bartonian); K, A. Smith coll. (juvenile specimen), upper Barton bed H, Barton Highcliffe; L, MNHN.F.A90560 (Munier-Chalmas coll.), Le Vouast, Oise, late Eocene (Priabonian). Scale bars: A-J, L, 5 mm; K, 1 mm. Credits: A, B, D. Serrette (MNHN); C, D, G-J, L, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); E-F, K, A. Morton." pageId="42" pageNumber="535">Fig. 22K</figureCitation>
) is similar and the teleoconch of the French population is only less thick (personal observation DM). Therefore,we believe that they belong to the same species.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFCDE42DFE63FA05FDF6FA5E" author="GLIBERT M." box="[475,631,1491,1517]" pageId="43" pageNumber="536" pagination="1 - 179" refId="ref44626" refString="GLIBERT M. 1963. - Les Muricacea et les Buccinacea du Cenozoique etranger des collections de l'Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique. Memoires de l'Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique serie 2, 74: 1 - 179." type="journal article" year="1963">Glibert (1963)</bibRefCitation>
recorded this species in the Bartonian from the Paris Basin, but we cannot confirm this record based on material in the examined collections (MNHN and private collections). It is possible that this species was mistaken for
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCDE42DFECCF984FC80F9DE" authority="(Deshayes, 1865)" baseAuthorityName="Deshayes" baseAuthorityYear="1865" box="[372,769,1618,1645]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Jsowerbya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="43" pageNumber="536" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="depauperata">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCDE42DFECCF984FDCDF9DF" box="[372,588,1618,1644]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="536">Jsowerbya depauperata</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFCDE42DFDEFF984FD7BF9DE" author="DESHAYES G. - P." box="[599,762,1618,1645]" pageId="43" pageNumber="536" pagination="101 - 107" refId="ref44001" refString="DESHAYES G. - P. 1865. - Description des Animaux sans vertebres decouverts dans le bassin de Paris pour servir de supplement a la description des coquilles fossiles des environs de Paris, comprenant une revue generale de toutes les especes actuellement connues. Tome 3. Bailliere, Paris, Livraisons 45 - 46, p. 201 - 288; Atlas 2, pl. 86 - 93 [2 January]; Livraisons 47 - 48, p. 289 - 424, Atlas 2, pl. 94 - 100 [10 June]; Livraisons 49 - 50, p. 425 - 668; Atlas 2, pl. 101 - 107 [15 December]." type="journal article" year="1865">Deshayes, 1865</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
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<mods:title id="18933BB10D498E0229147CD3CB870F39">New Cenozoic Muricidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from Europe</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="205D02C8AEEA8416D7954EB9310ECE5D">Ledon, Daniel</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="E5DFEE0FA65FBEA86D190A675D57CA8A">Muséum national dhistoire naturelle, Département Origines et Évolution (CR 2 P - MNHN, CNRS, UPMC, Sorbonne Université), 57 rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) didier. merle @ mnhn. fr (corresponding author) jean-michel. pacaud @ mnhn. fr dnledon @ yahoo. fr</mods:affiliation>
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Genus
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Merle, 2005
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. —
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by original designation. Early Eocene: Paris Basin (
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Subfamily
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Merle
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. —
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCDE42DFE90F8EDFE0FF8E0" box="[296,398,1851,1875]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="536">Nucellopsis</emphasis>
Merle, 2005
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by present designation.
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. —
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCDE42DFEEBF8BBFE33F836" box="[339,434,1901,1925]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="536">Nucellopsis</emphasis>
Merle, 2005
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and
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. — Shell medium sized for family. Bucciniform shape with rounded whorls. P6 not atrophied. ADP, MP present; ABP and IP present in some species of
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. Poorly developed axial sculpture formed by weakly lamellose varices. Posterior sinus on sutural ramp deep. D1 to D6 present. ID missing. Columellar lip usually smooth. Microstructure of three aragonite layers.
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The
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,
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includes basal taxa often erroneously attributed to the
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCDE42DFB13F98CFABEF9C7" authorityName="Radwin &amp; d'Attilio" authorityYear="1971" box="[1195,1343,1626,1652]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="43" pageNumber="536" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Muricopsinae">Muricopsinae</taxonomicName>
(synonym of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCDE42DFCF1F9AFFC38F920" authorityName="Keen" authorityYear="1971" box="[841,953,1657,1683]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="43" pageNumber="536" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Aspellinae">Aspellinae</taxonomicName>
) because of their biconic shape or attributed to the
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCDE42DFCEEF94FFC63F900" authorityName="Cossmann" authorityYear="1903" box="[854,994,1689,1715]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="43" pageNumber="536" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Trophoninae">Trophoninae</taxonomicName>
because of their weakly lamellose varices. The
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCDE42DFCE6F96FFBBEF960" authority="Merle" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="2024" box="[862,1087,1721,1747]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="43" pageNumber="536" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Nucellopsinae">Nucellopsinae Merle</taxonomicName>
,
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(Clade D of Winclada or Clade 47 of PAUP) includes Paleocene and Eocene species that usually share a late appearance of the primary cords (P1 to MP), rounded whorls and buccinoid shape in
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCDE42DFA8EF8CFFA26F880" box="[1334,1447,1817,1843]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="536">Nucellopsis</emphasis>
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.
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<heading id="D0D081A0FFCFE42FFC70FF01FA95FF41" box="[968,1300,215,242]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" reason="2">
Genus
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFBADFF0EFBF4FF42" box="[1045,1141,216,241]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Beyregrex</emphasis>
Merle
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,
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<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFCFE42FFB9FFF21FB34FEA2" blockId="41.[1063,1205,247,273]" box="[1063,1205,247,273]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">
(
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFCFE42FFB88FF21FBFDFEA2" box="[1072,1148,247,273]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="40.[132,143,1849,1866]" captionTargetBox="[166,1424,259,1693]" captionTargetId="figure-226@40.[703,1243,828,1398]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIG. 22. — Species of the informal group Jsowerbyia-Beyregrex n. gen.-Pseudotrophonopsis n. gen.: A, B, Jsowerbya sexdentata (Sowerby, 1823), BMNH GG22673 (Burton coll.), Colwell Bay, Wight Island, England, late Eocene (Priabonian); C, D, Beyregrex sarroniensis (Carez, 1870), n. comb., MNHN.F.J02576 (figured specimen of Cossmann &amp; Pissarro 1911: pl. 35, fig.169-14), Sarron, Oise, Paris Basin, France, early Eocene (Ypresian); E, F, B. hantoniensis (Edwards, 1866),n. comb.,Morton coll., Middle Headon Brockenhurst bed, Whitecliff Bay, Wight Island, England,late Eocene (Priabonian); G, H, B. pereger (Beyrich, 1854), n. comb.,MNHN.F.A90561 (Lozouet &amp; Maestrati coll.), Auvers-Saint-Georges,Essonne,Paris Basin,France, early Oligocene (Rupelian); I-L, Pseudotrophonopsis defossa (Pilkington, 1804), n. comb.: I, J, MNHN.F.J17634 (Cossmann coll.), Barton-on-Sea, Hampshire, England, middle Eocene (Bartonian); K, A. Smith coll. (juvenile specimen), upper Barton bed H, Barton Highcliffe; L, MNHN.F.A90560 (Munier-Chalmas coll.), Le Vouast, Oise, late Eocene (Priabonian). Scale bars: A-J, L, 5 mm; K, 1 mm. Credits: A, B, D. Serrette (MNHN); C, D, G-J, L, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); E-F, K, A. Morton." pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
E-H)
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFCFE42FFC95FEA8FC3DFE79" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFCFE42FFC95FEA8FC3DFE79" blockId="41.[812,1456,381,458]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">
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<typeStatus id="549C886EFFCFE42FFC95FEA8FCDCFE20" box="[813,861,382,405]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">TYPE</typeStatus>
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<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFCFE42FFCDDFE55FC2DFE27" baselines="400" box="[869,940,387,404]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="species" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">SPECIES</smallCapsWord>
. —
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFC61FEA8FB70FE26" authority="Beyrich, 1854" authorityName="Beyrich" authorityYear="1854" box="[985,1265,381,405]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pereger">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFC61FEA8FBDFFE26" box="[985,1118,382,405]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Murex pereger</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFCFE42FFBDCFEABFB70FE26" author="BEYRICH E." box="[1124,1265,381,405]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" pagination="408 - 500" refId="ref42899" refString="BEYRICH E. 1854. - Die Conchylien des norddeutschen Tertiargebirges. Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft 6: 408 - 500, 726 - 781. https: // www. digitale-sammlungen. de / de / view / bsb 10283013" type="journal article" year="1854">Beyrich, 1854</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, late Eocene to late Oligocene: Paris Basin,
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, Mainz Basin and north
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFCFE42FFAECFE4EFA31FE03" box="[1364,1456,408,432]" name="Germany" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Germany</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFCFE42FFC8DFE64FC31FE79" box="[821,944,434,458]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="40.[132,143,1849,1866]" captionTargetBox="[166,1424,259,1693]" captionTargetId="figure-226@40.[703,1243,828,1398]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIG. 22. — Species of the informal group Jsowerbyia-Beyregrex n. gen.-Pseudotrophonopsis n. gen.: A, B, Jsowerbya sexdentata (Sowerby, 1823), BMNH GG22673 (Burton coll.), Colwell Bay, Wight Island, England, late Eocene (Priabonian); C, D, Beyregrex sarroniensis (Carez, 1870), n. comb., MNHN.F.J02576 (figured specimen of Cossmann &amp; Pissarro 1911: pl. 35, fig.169-14), Sarron, Oise, Paris Basin, France, early Eocene (Ypresian); E, F, B. hantoniensis (Edwards, 1866),n. comb.,Morton coll., Middle Headon Brockenhurst bed, Whitecliff Bay, Wight Island, England,late Eocene (Priabonian); G, H, B. pereger (Beyrich, 1854), n. comb.,MNHN.F.A90561 (Lozouet &amp; Maestrati coll.), Auvers-Saint-Georges,Essonne,Paris Basin,France, early Oligocene (Rupelian); I-L, Pseudotrophonopsis defossa (Pilkington, 1804), n. comb.: I, J, MNHN.F.J17634 (Cossmann coll.), Barton-on-Sea, Hampshire, England, middle Eocene (Bartonian); K, A. Smith coll. (juvenile specimen), upper Barton bed H, Barton Highcliffe; L, MNHN.F.A90560 (Munier-Chalmas coll.), Le Vouast, Oise, late Eocene (Priabonian). Scale bars: A-J, L, 5 mm; K, 1 mm. Credits: A, B, D. Serrette (MNHN); C, D, G-J, L, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); E-F, K, A. Morton." pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Fig. 22G, H</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFCFE42FFC95FE34FB8EFC32" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFCFE42FFC95FE34FBD2FD9C" blockId="41.[813,1457,482,559]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">
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. — Name based on the
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species
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFA90FE34FC36FDA7" authority="Beyrich, 1854" authorityName="Beyrich" authorityYear="1854" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pereger">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFA90FE34FA30FE4A" box="[1320,1457,482,505]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Murex pereger</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFCFE42FFC95FE2AFC36FDA7" author="BEYRICH E." box="[813,951,508,532]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" pagination="408 - 500" refId="ref42899" refString="BEYRICH E. 1854. - Die Conchylien des norddeutschen Tertiargebirges. Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft 6: 408 - 500, 726 - 781. https: // www. digitale-sammlungen. de / de / view / bsb 10283013" type="journal article" year="1854">Beyrich, 1854</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and using Bey (from Beyrich), the letters reg (from
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFC95FDC1FCECFD9D" authorityName="Beyrich" authorityYear="1854" box="[813,877,535,558]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pereger">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFC95FDC1FCECFD9D" box="[813,877,535,558]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">pereger</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and rex (from
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFBB0FDC1FBC4FD9D" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[1032,1093,535,558]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFBB0FDC1FBC4FD9D" box="[1032,1093,535,558]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Murex</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFCFE42FFC95FD91FB8EFC32" blockId="41.[811,1456,582,897]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">
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<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFCFE42FFC22FD9AFC60FDEE" baselines="601" box="[922,993,588,605]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="species" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">SPECIES</smallCapsWord>
. —
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFBA9FD91FAC1FDED" authority="Carez, 1879" authorityName="Carez" authorityYear="1879" box="[1041,1344,582,606]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sarroniensis">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFBA9FD91FB40FDED" box="[1041,1217,583,606]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Murex sarroniensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFCFE42FFB70FD90FAC1FDED" author="CAREZ L." box="[1224,1344,582,606]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" pagination="637 - 641" refId="ref43315" refString="CAREZ L. 1879. - Description d'especes nouvelles du bassin de Paris. Bulletin de la Societe geologique de France serie 3, 7: 637 - 641." type="journal article" year="1879">Carez, 1879</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
[synonym:
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFC96FDB7FBCDFDCA" authority="Wrigley, 1930" authorityName="Wrigley" authorityYear="1930" box="[814,1100,609,633]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="abbatiae">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFC96FDB7FC41FDCA" box="[814,960,609,633]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Murex abbatiae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFCFE42FFC7AFDB7FBCDFDCA" author="WRIGLEY A." box="[962,1100,609,633]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" pagination="91 - 115" refId="ref49157" refString="WRIGLEY A. 1930. - Notes on English Eocene and Oligocene Mollusca with descriptions of new species. IV - The Muricidae. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London 19: 91 - 115." type="journal article" year="1930">Wrigley, 1930</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
], London and Paris Basins, Paleocene (Thanetian) to Early Eocene (Ypresian) (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFCFE42FFB0EFDADFAACFD20" box="[1206,1325,635,659]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="40.[132,143,1849,1866]" captionTargetBox="[166,1424,259,1693]" captionTargetId="figure-226@40.[703,1243,828,1398]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIG. 22. — Species of the informal group Jsowerbyia-Beyregrex n. gen.-Pseudotrophonopsis n. gen.: A, B, Jsowerbya sexdentata (Sowerby, 1823), BMNH GG22673 (Burton coll.), Colwell Bay, Wight Island, England, late Eocene (Priabonian); C, D, Beyregrex sarroniensis (Carez, 1870), n. comb., MNHN.F.J02576 (figured specimen of Cossmann &amp; Pissarro 1911: pl. 35, fig.169-14), Sarron, Oise, Paris Basin, France, early Eocene (Ypresian); E, F, B. hantoniensis (Edwards, 1866),n. comb.,Morton coll., Middle Headon Brockenhurst bed, Whitecliff Bay, Wight Island, England,late Eocene (Priabonian); G, H, B. pereger (Beyrich, 1854), n. comb.,MNHN.F.A90561 (Lozouet &amp; Maestrati coll.), Auvers-Saint-Georges,Essonne,Paris Basin,France, early Oligocene (Rupelian); I-L, Pseudotrophonopsis defossa (Pilkington, 1804), n. comb.: I, J, MNHN.F.J17634 (Cossmann coll.), Barton-on-Sea, Hampshire, England, middle Eocene (Bartonian); K, A. Smith coll. (juvenile specimen), upper Barton bed H, Barton Highcliffe; L, MNHN.F.A90560 (Munier-Chalmas coll.), Le Vouast, Oise, late Eocene (Priabonian). Scale bars: A-J, L, 5 mm; K, 1 mm. Credits: A, B, D. Serrette (MNHN); C, D, G-J, L, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); E-F, K, A. Morton." pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Fig. 22C, D</figureCitation>
);
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFA87FDAAFC52FD1E" authority="Edwards" authorityName="Edwards" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hantoniensis">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFA87FDAAFCFAFD1E" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Murex hantoniensis</emphasis>
Edwards
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFC6EFD40FC6BFD1E" box="[982,1002,662,685]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">in</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFCFE42FFC57FD40FB1FFD1E" author="LOWRY J. W. &amp; ETHERIDGE R. &amp; EDWARDS F. E." box="[1007,1182,661,686]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" refId="ref46148" refString="LOWRY J. W., ETHERIDGE R. &amp; EDWARDS F. E. 1866. - Chart of the Characteristic British Tertiary fossils, stratigraphically arranged. Tennant &amp; Stanford, London, 4 pls. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 51308319" type="journal volume" year="1866">
Lowry
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFB89FD40FBDFFD1E" box="[1073,1118,661,685]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">et al.</emphasis>
, 1866
</bibRefCitation>
,
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Basin,
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, late Eocene (Priabonian) (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFCFE42FFB88FD66FB22FD7B" box="[1072,1187,688,712]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="40.[132,143,1849,1866]" captionTargetBox="[166,1424,259,1693]" captionTargetId="figure-226@40.[703,1243,828,1398]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIG. 22. — Species of the informal group Jsowerbyia-Beyregrex n. gen.-Pseudotrophonopsis n. gen.: A, B, Jsowerbya sexdentata (Sowerby, 1823), BMNH GG22673 (Burton coll.), Colwell Bay, Wight Island, England, late Eocene (Priabonian); C, D, Beyregrex sarroniensis (Carez, 1870), n. comb., MNHN.F.J02576 (figured specimen of Cossmann &amp; Pissarro 1911: pl. 35, fig.169-14), Sarron, Oise, Paris Basin, France, early Eocene (Ypresian); E, F, B. hantoniensis (Edwards, 1866),n. comb.,Morton coll., Middle Headon Brockenhurst bed, Whitecliff Bay, Wight Island, England,late Eocene (Priabonian); G, H, B. pereger (Beyrich, 1854), n. comb.,MNHN.F.A90561 (Lozouet &amp; Maestrati coll.), Auvers-Saint-Georges,Essonne,Paris Basin,France, early Oligocene (Rupelian); I-L, Pseudotrophonopsis defossa (Pilkington, 1804), n. comb.: I, J, MNHN.F.J17634 (Cossmann coll.), Barton-on-Sea, Hampshire, England, middle Eocene (Bartonian); K, A. Smith coll. (juvenile specimen), upper Barton bed H, Barton Highcliffe; L, MNHN.F.A90560 (Munier-Chalmas coll.), Le Vouast, Oise, late Eocene (Priabonian). Scale bars: A-J, L, 5 mm; K, 1 mm. Credits: A, B, D. Serrette (MNHN); C, D, G-J, L, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); E-F, K, A. Morton." pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Fig. 22E, F</figureCitation>
);
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFB01FD67FA2EFD7B" authority="Beyrich, 1854" authorityName="Beyrich" authorityYear="1854" box="[1209,1455,688,712]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pereger">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFB01FD67FA9CFD7B" box="[1209,1309,689,712]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">M. pereger</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFCFE42FFA9CFD66FA2EFD7B" author="BEYRICH E." box="[1316,1455,688,712]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" pagination="408 - 500" refId="ref42899" refString="BEYRICH E. 1854. - Die Conchylien des norddeutschen Tertiargebirges. Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft 6: 408 - 500, 726 - 781. https: // www. digitale-sammlungen. de / de / view / bsb 10283013" type="journal article" year="1854">Beyrich, 1854</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
[synonym:
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFC20FD1DFB57FD51" authority="Sandberger, 1861" authorityName="Sandberger" authorityYear="1861" box="[920,1238,714,738]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="areolifer">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFC20FD1DFBA4FD51" box="[920,1061,714,738]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Murex areolifer</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFCFE42FFB92FD1CFB57FD51" author="SANDBERGER C. L. F." box="[1066,1238,714,738]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" pagination="153 - 232" refId="ref48585" refString="SANDBERGER C. L. F. 1861. - Die conchylien des Mainzer Tertiar-beckens. Heft 5 - 6, C. W. Kreidel, Wiesbaden, 153 - 232." type="book chapter" year="1861">Sandberger, 1861</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
], Paris Basin,
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFCFE42FFAEFFD1CFA2AFD51" box="[1367,1451,714,738]" name="Belgium" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Belgium</collectingCountry>
, Mainz Basin and north
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFCFE42FFBACFD33FBF1FD4E" box="[1044,1136,741,765]" name="Germany" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Germany</collectingCountry>
, late Eocene (Priabonian) to late Oligocene (Chattian) (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFCFE42FFBBDFD29FBFBFCAB" box="[1029,1146,767,792]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="40.[132,143,1849,1866]" captionTargetBox="[166,1424,259,1693]" captionTargetId="figure-226@40.[703,1243,828,1398]" captionTargetPageId="40" captionText="FIG. 22. — Species of the informal group Jsowerbyia-Beyregrex n. gen.-Pseudotrophonopsis n. gen.: A, B, Jsowerbya sexdentata (Sowerby, 1823), BMNH GG22673 (Burton coll.), Colwell Bay, Wight Island, England, late Eocene (Priabonian); C, D, Beyregrex sarroniensis (Carez, 1870), n. comb., MNHN.F.J02576 (figured specimen of Cossmann &amp; Pissarro 1911: pl. 35, fig.169-14), Sarron, Oise, Paris Basin, France, early Eocene (Ypresian); E, F, B. hantoniensis (Edwards, 1866),n. comb.,Morton coll., Middle Headon Brockenhurst bed, Whitecliff Bay, Wight Island, England,late Eocene (Priabonian); G, H, B. pereger (Beyrich, 1854), n. comb.,MNHN.F.A90561 (Lozouet &amp; Maestrati coll.), Auvers-Saint-Georges,Essonne,Paris Basin,France, early Oligocene (Rupelian); I-L, Pseudotrophonopsis defossa (Pilkington, 1804), n. comb.: I, J, MNHN.F.J17634 (Cossmann coll.), Barton-on-Sea, Hampshire, England, middle Eocene (Bartonian); K, A. Smith coll. (juvenile specimen), upper Barton bed H, Barton Highcliffe; L, MNHN.F.A90560 (Munier-Chalmas coll.), Le Vouast, Oise, late Eocene (Priabonian). Scale bars: A-J, L, 5 mm; K, 1 mm. Credits: A, B, D. Serrette (MNHN); C, D, G-J, L, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); E-F, K, A. Morton." pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Fig. 22G, H</figureCitation>
);
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFB31FD29FCE3FC81" authority="Janssen, 1978" authorityName="Janssen" authorityYear="1978" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Hexaplex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="brevaculeatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFB31FD29FADCFCA4" box="[1161,1373,767,791]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Hexaplex brevaculeatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFCFE42FFAD9FCD6FCE3FC81" author="JANSSEN R." pageId="41" pageNumber="534" pagination="3 - 195" refId="ref45311" refString="JANSSEN R. 1978. - Die Scaphopoden und Gastropoden des Kasseler Meeressandes von Glimmerode (Niederhessen). Geologisches Jahrbuch (A) 41: 3 - 195." type="journal article" year="1978">Janssen, 1978</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, Paris basin, early Oligocene (Rupelian), Mainz basins, early Oliogocene and North
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFCFE42FFBB6FCE2FBEBFCFF" box="[1038,1130,820,844]" name="Germany" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Germany</collectingCountry>
, late Oligocene;
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFAB1FCE3FB07FCD4" authority="Cossmann &amp; Peyrot, 1924" authorityName="Cossmann &amp; Peyrot" authorityYear="1924" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cedillatus" subGenus="Poirieria">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFAB1FCE3FAC7FCFF" box="[1289,1350,821,844]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Murex</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFAEDFCE3FA26FCFF" box="[1365,1447,821,844]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Poirieria</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFC95FC99FC03FCD4" box="[813,898,847,871]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">cedillatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFCFE42FFC3FFC99FB07FCD4" author="COSSMANN M. &amp; PEYROT A." box="[903,1158,847,871]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" pagination="71 - 144" refId="ref43770" refString="COSSMANN M. &amp; PEYROT A. 1924. - Conchologie neogenique de l'Aquitaine (Species n ° 707 - 762). Actes de la Societe linneenne de Bordeaux 75 (2): 71 - 144." type="journal article" year="1924">Cossmann &amp; Peyrot, 1924</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<collectingRegion id="49E3F82EFFCFE42FFB37FC99FB6CFCD4" box="[1167,1261,847,871]" country="France" name="Aquitaine" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Aquitaine</collectingRegion>
Basin,
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFCFE42FFA8AFC99FAF4FCD5" box="[1330,1397,847,870]" name="France" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">France</collectingCountry>
, Early Miocene (Burdigalian).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFCFE42FFC95FC4FFA2FFB86" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFCFE42FFC95FC4FFA2FFB86" blockId="41.[811,1456,921,1077]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFCFE42FFC95FC4FFC16FC1C" baselines="938,939" box="[813,919,921,944]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Diagnosis" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">DIAGNOSIS</smallCapsWord>
. — Biconic teleoconch with subangular whorls. D1 well developed. P6 not atrophied. IP weak, ADP, MP present. Varices formed by 1-3 lamellae abaxially turned on the early whorls, occasionally reinforced by several lamellae on the succeeding whorls. P1 spine short. Shoulder sinus widely open, short, moderately deep. Posterior sinus on sutural ramp shallow.Columellar lip usually smooth.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFCFE42FFC95FB82FAA2F85F" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFCFE42FFC95FB82FC2DFBDE" blockId="41.[811,1457,1108,2028]" box="[813,940,1108,1134]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFCFE42FFC95FB82FC2DFBDE" baselines="1127,1128" box="[813,940,1108,1134]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Comments" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">COMMENTS</smallCapsWord>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFCFE42FFC95FBA2FAA2F85F" blockId="41.[811,1457,1108,2028]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">
Members of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFC07FBA3FBECFB3D" authority="Merle" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="2024" box="[959,1133,1140,1166]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Beyregrex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFC07FBA3FBA3FB3D" box="[959,1058,1141,1166]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Beyregrex</emphasis>
Merle
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFCFE42FFBC3FBA3FB48FB3C" box="[1147,1225,1141,1167]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
differ from those of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFC96FB42FC14FB1D" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="2005" box="[814,917,1172,1198]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Jsowerbya" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFC96FB42FC14FB1D" box="[814,917,1172,1198]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Jsowerbya</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having a deeper shoulder sinus, more lamellose varices, and a smooth columellar lip.
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFB5AFB62FCF0FB5D" authority="Merle" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pseudotrophonopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFB5AFB62FA30FB7D" box="[1250,1457,1204,1230]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Pseudotrophonopsis</emphasis>
Merle
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFCFE42FFCC4FB02FC48FB5D" box="[892,969,1236,1262]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is also distinguishing from
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFB44FB02FA2AFB5D" authority="Merle" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="2024" box="[1276,1451,1236,1262]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Beyregrex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFB44FB02FADEFB5E" box="[1276,1375,1236,1261]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Beyregrex</emphasis>
Merle
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFCFE42FFC95FB22FCFBFABD" box="[813,890,1268,1294]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
in having rounded whorls, strong secondary cords of equal strength to the primary cords, and numerous split internal denticles within the outer lip (D1 to D5). Represented by five species,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFBC4FA82FAB5FADE" authority="Merle" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="2024" box="[1148,1332,1363,1389]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Beyregrex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFBC4FA82FB62FADE" box="[1148,1251,1364,1389]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Beyregrex</emphasis>
Merle
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFCFE42FFAFAFA82FA15FADD" box="[1346,1428,1364,1390]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is the most diverse genus of the group. It extends from the Anglo-Parisian late Paleocene/early Eocene with
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFADCFA42FBB8FA7E" authority="(Carez, 1879)" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Carez" baseAuthorityYear="1879" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sarroniensis" status="n. comb.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFADCFA42FC0DFA7E" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">B. sarroniensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFCFE42FFC25FA65FBAEFA7E" author="CAREZ L." box="[925,1071,1459,1485]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" pagination="637 - 641" refId="ref43315" refString="CAREZ L. 1879. - Description d'especes nouvelles du bassin de Paris. Bulletin de la Societe geologique de France serie 3, 7: 637 - 641." type="journal article" year="1879">Carez, 1879</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFCFE42FFBFFFA65FB2EFA7E" box="[1095,1199,1459,1485]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
to the Early Miocene (Burdigalian) from the Aquitaine Basin with
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFA95FA02FBE3F9BE" authority="(Cossmann &amp; Peyrot, 1924)" baseAuthorityName="Cossmann &amp; Peyrot" baseAuthorityYear="1924" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cedillatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFA95FA02FA31FA5E" box="[1325,1456,1491,1517]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">B. cedillatus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFCFE42FFC8CFA25FBDBF9BE" author="COSSMANN M. &amp; PEYROT A." box="[820,1114,1523,1549]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" pagination="71 - 144" refId="ref43770" refString="COSSMANN M. &amp; PEYROT A. 1924. - Conchologie neogenique de l'Aquitaine (Species n ° 707 - 762). Actes de la Societe linneenne de Bordeaux 75 (2): 71 - 144." type="journal article" year="1924">Cossmann &amp; Peyrot, 1924</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFBD2FA25FAC8F9BF" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Carez" baseAuthorityYear="1879" box="[1130,1353,1523,1548]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Beyregrex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="sarroniensis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFBD2FA25FAC8F9BF" box="[1130,1353,1523,1548]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Beyregrex sarroniensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFCFE42FFAE8FA25FA31F9BE" box="[1360,1456,1523,1549]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
displays several primitive characters, such as missing IP, MP and ABP. During the middle Eocene, no
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFB44F9E5FA2AF9FF" authority="Merle" authorityName="Merle" authorityYear="2024" box="[1276,1451,1586,1612]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Beyregrex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFB44F9E5FADEF9FF" box="[1276,1375,1587,1612]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Beyregrex</emphasis>
Merle
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFCFE42FFC95F985FCFBF9DE" box="[813,890,1619,1645]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>
species are known, but the genus re-emerges in the late Eocene of Hampshire with
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFB22F9A5FAC1F93F" box="[1178,1344,1650,1676]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="hantoniensis">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFB22F9A5FAC1F93F" box="[1178,1344,1650,1676]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">B. hantoniensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Edwards
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFC97F945FCC7F91F" box="[815,838,1683,1708]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">in</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFCFE42FFCF5F945FBA7F91F" author="LOWRY J. W. &amp; ETHERIDGE R. &amp; EDWARDS F. E." box="[845,1062,1682,1709]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" refId="ref46148" refString="LOWRY J. W., ETHERIDGE R. &amp; EDWARDS F. E. 1866. - Chart of the Characteristic British Tertiary fossils, stratigraphically arranged. Tennant &amp; Stanford, London, 4 pls. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 51308319" type="journal volume" year="1866">
Lowry
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFC19F945FC59F91F" box="[929,984,1682,1708]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">et al.</emphasis>
, 1866
</bibRefCitation>
), n. comb.. That species is closely related to
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFC1BF965FB49F97E" authority="(Beyrich, 1854)" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" baseAuthorityName="Beyrich" baseAuthorityYear="1854" box="[931,1224,1714,1741]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pereger" status="n. comb.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFC1BF965FB8CF97F" box="[931,1037,1715,1740]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">B. pereger</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFCFE42FFBA4F964FB41F97E" author="BEYRICH E." box="[1052,1216,1714,1741]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" pagination="408 - 500" refId="ref42899" refString="BEYRICH E. 1854. - Die Conchylien des norddeutschen Tertiargebirges. Zeitschrift der Deutschen Geologischen Gesellschaft 6: 408 - 500, 726 - 781. https: // www. digitale-sammlungen. de / de / view / bsb 10283013" type="journal article" year="1854">Beyrich, 1854</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFCFE42FFB6FF965FABDF97F" box="[1239,1340,1714,1741]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" rank="species">n. comb.</taxonomicNameLabel>
occurring in the Paris Basin and in
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFCFE42FFB85F904FB24F95F" box="[1085,1189,1746,1772]" name="Germany" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Germany</collectingCountry>
(Mainz Basin and north
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFCFE42FFC93F924FC19F8BF" box="[811,920,1778,1804]" name="Germany" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Germany</collectingCountry>
) during the Oligocene. According to
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFCFE42FFAE3F924FCF9F89F" author="JANSSEN R." pageId="41" pageNumber="534" pagination="3 - 195" refId="ref45311" refString="JANSSEN R. 1978. - Die Scaphopoden und Gastropoden des Kasseler Meeressandes von Glimmerode (Niederhessen). Geologisches Jahrbuch (A) 41: 3 - 195." type="journal article" year="1978">Janssen (1978)</bibRefCitation>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFC3EF8C4FB65F89F" authority="(Janssen, 1978)" baseAuthorityName="Janssen" baseAuthorityYear="1978" box="[902,1252,1810,1836]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Hexaplex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="brevaculeatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFC3EF8C4FBB3F89F" box="[902,1074,1810,1836]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">B. brevaculeatus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFCFE42FFBF8F8C4FB5AF89F" author="JANSSEN R." box="[1088,1243,1810,1836]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" pagination="3 - 195" refId="ref45311" refString="JANSSEN R. 1978. - Die Scaphopoden und Gastropoden des Kasseler Meeressandes von Glimmerode (Niederhessen). Geologisches Jahrbuch (A) 41: 3 - 195." type="journal article" year="1978">Janssen, 1978</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
is another species. It was originally described from the Chattian of
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFCFE42FFAFEF8E4FA2FF8FF" box="[1350,1454,1842,1868]" name="Germany" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">Germany</collectingCountry>
(at Glimmerode) but is also recorded in the Rupelian of the Paris Basin (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFCFE42FFC67F8A7FBE1F838" author="MERLE D." box="[991,1120,1905,1931]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" refId="ref46629" refString="MERLE D. 1999. - La radiation des Muricidae (Gastropoda: Neogastropoda) au Paleogene: approche phylogenetique et evolutive. Unpublished PhD thesis, Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris, 499 p." type="book" year="1999">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFC67F8A7FBA1F838" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[991,1056,1905,1931]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
1999
</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFCFE42FFBD7F8A4FA8BF838" author="LOZOUET P." box="[1135,1290,1905,1932]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" refId="ref46076" refString="LOZOUET P. (coord.) 2012. - Stratotype Stampien. Museum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris; Biotope, Meze, 464 p. (coll. Patrimoine geologique; 4)." type="book" year="2012">Lozouet 2012</bibRefCitation>
). For the Neogene,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFCFE42FFCC8F844FAC2F818" authority="(Cossmann &amp; Peyrot, 1924)" baseAuthorityName="Cossmann &amp; Peyrot" baseAuthorityYear="1924" box="[880,1347,1937,1964]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="cedillatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFCFE42FFCC8F844FC77F818" box="[880,1014,1937,1963]" italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="534">B. cedillatus</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFCFE42FFBBFF847FABAF818" author="COSSMANN M. &amp; PEYROT A." box="[1031,1339,1937,1964]" pageId="41" pageNumber="534" pagination="71 - 144" refId="ref43770" refString="COSSMANN M. &amp; PEYROT A. 1924. - Conchologie neogenique de l'Aquitaine (Species n ° 707 - 762). Actes de la Societe linneenne de Bordeaux 75 (2): 71 - 144." type="journal article" year="1924">Cossmann &amp; Peyrot, 1924</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
from the Burdigalian of the Aquitaine Basin demonstrates that the genus was not restricted to northern Europe.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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Bonaparte, 1840 [Pisces]). Early Pliocene: Mediterranean Sea to Recent: Mediterranean Sea,
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<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFF7E417FC47FD23FB5CFCBC" blockId="17.[1023,1245,757,784]" box="[1023,1245,757,784]" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">
(
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFF7E417FBB0FD23FBC9FCA3" box="[1032,1096,757,784]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="18.[131,142,1586,1603]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1541]" captionTargetId="figure-286@18.[698,1267,782,1353]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIG. 7. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Timbellus magnificus n. sp.: A, B, holotype, MNHN.F.A90522 (Pacaud coll.), Baron (Sablière Heudebert), Oise, Paris Basin, France middle Eocene (Bartonian); C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A90525 (Schtrock coll.), Saint-Vaast-lès-Mello (Barisseuse), Oise, middle Eocene (Bartonian); E, F, paratype, MNHN.F.A90523 (Pacaud coll.), Baron (Sablière Heudebert). Scale bars: 20 mm. Credits: P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." pageId="17" pageNumber="510">Figs 7</figureCitation>
A-F; 25M-O)
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFF7E417FC95FCECFA2EFCF8" blockId="17.[813,1455,826,843]" box="[813,1455,826,843]" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">
<uri id="FFB63ACEFFF7E417FC95FCECFA2EFCF8" box="[813,1455,826,843]" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="FF810C19FFF7E417FC46FCECFA2EFCF8" box="[1022,1455,826,843]" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">BAAFF825-EC4D-448B-A23A-DEDB085F9C53</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFF7E417FC95FCAAFBC9FB58" pageId="17" pageNumber="510" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFF7E417FC95FCAAFB27FC50" blockId="17.[812,1457,891,1259]" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFF7E417FC95FCAAFB27FC50" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="Pacaud" country="France" county="Auversian" location="Paris Basin" municipality="lower Bartonian" pageId="17" pageNumber="510" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFF7E417FC95FCAAFCDFFC22" baselines="909,909" box="[813,862,892,915]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">TYPE</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFF7E417FCDEFC57FC45FC21" baselines="910" box="[870,964,897,914]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="material" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">MATERIAL</smallCapsWord>
. —
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF7E417FC4EFCADFB24FC20" bold="true" box="[1014,1189,891,915]" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFF7E417FC4EFCADFBD6FC20" box="[1014,1111,891,915]" pageId="17" pageNumber="510" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFF7E417FBDBFCADFB24FC20" box="[1123,1189,891,915]" name="France" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">France</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
<location id="8EF86017FFF7E417FB06FCADFAADFC20" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFF7E415FC62FD01FEBDFB1D:8EF86017FFF7E417FB06FCADFAADFC20" box="[1214,1324,891,915]" country="France" county="Auversian" municipality="lower Bartonian" name="Paris Basin" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">Paris Basin</location>
,
<location id="8EF86017FFF7E417FA80FCADFAE9FC20" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFF7E415FC62FD01FEBDFB1D:8EF86017FFF7E417FA80FCADFAE9FC20" box="[1336,1384,891,915]" country="France" county="Auversian" municipality="lower Bartonian" name="Oise" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">Oise</location>
,
<location id="8EF86017FFF7E417FACCFCAAFA2EFC20" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFF7E415FC62FD01FEBDFB1D:8EF86017FFF7E417FACCFCAAFA2EFC20" box="[1396,1455,892,915]" country="France" county="Auversian" municipality="lower Bartonian" name="Baron" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">Baron</location>
(
<location id="8EF86017FFF7E417FC8DFC40FC7FFC1D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFF7E415FC62FD01FEBDFB1D:8EF86017FFF7E417FC8DFC40FC7FFC1D" box="[821,1022,918,942]" country="France" county="Auversian" municipality="lower Bartonian" name="Sabliere Heudebert" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">Sablière Heudebert</location>
);
<location id="8EF86017FFF7E417FBA9FC40FB2FFC1D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFF7E415FC62FD01FEBDFB1D:8EF86017FFF7E417FBA9FC40FB2FFC1D" box="[1041,1198,918,942]" country="France" county="Auversian" municipality="lower Bartonian" name="Sables d'Auvers" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">Sables dAuvers</location>
(biozone NP16); middle
<location id="8EF86017FFF7E417FC96FC67FCF5FC7B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFF7E415FC62FD01FEBDFB1D:8EF86017FFF7E417FC96FC67FCF5FC7B" box="[814,884,945,968]" country="France" county="Auversian" municipality="lower Bartonian" name="Eocene" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">Eocene</location>
(
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFCACB6FFF7E417FC3AFC66FBA5FC7B" box="[898,1060,944,968]" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">lower Bartonian</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty id="62F94E40FFF7E417FB96FC66FB13FC7B" box="[1070,1170,944,968]" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">Auversian</collectingCounty>
);
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFF7E417FB1AFC67FB77FC7B" box="[1186,1270,945,968]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A90522 (
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFF7E417FAD0FC66FA2EFC7B" box="[1384,1455,944,968]" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">Pacaud</collectorName>
coll.), H:
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFF7E417FC34FC1DFC66FC51" box="[908,999,971,995]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.85" pageId="17" pageNumber="510" unit="mm" value="58.5">58.5 mm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFF7E417FC4DFC1DFBDDFC51" box="[1013,1116,971,995]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="18.[131,142,1586,1603]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1541]" captionTargetId="figure-286@18.[698,1267,782,1353]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIG. 7. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Timbellus magnificus n. sp.: A, B, holotype, MNHN.F.A90522 (Pacaud coll.), Baron (Sablière Heudebert), Oise, Paris Basin, France middle Eocene (Bartonian); C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A90525 (Schtrock coll.), Saint-Vaast-lès-Mello (Barisseuse), Oise, middle Eocene (Bartonian); E, F, paratype, MNHN.F.A90523 (Pacaud coll.), Baron (Sablière Heudebert). Scale bars: 20 mm. Credits: P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." pageId="17" pageNumber="510">Figs 7A, B</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFF7E417FBDFFC1DFB1BFC50" box="[1127,1178,971,995]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="44.[132,143,1530,1547]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1484]" captionTargetId="figure-374@44.[700,1257,764,1304]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIG. 25. — New species of Muricopsis Bucquoy &amp; Dautzenberg, 1882, Favartia Jousseaume, 1880, Dermomurex Monterosato, 1890, Trubatsa Dall, 1889 and Timbellus De Gregorio, 1885: A, B, Muricopsis pontileviensis n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.A71120 (Dollfus coll.), Pontlevoy, France, Langhian; B, paratype, MNHN.F.A77743, (Dollfus coll.), Pontlevoy; C, D, M. neraudeaui n. sp.: C, holotype, MNHN.F.A77746 (Néraudeau sample), Saint-Jacques-de-la-Lande, France, Messinian;D, paratype,MNHN.F.A77747 (Néraudeau sample),Saint-Jacques-de-la-Lande;E, F, Favartia jansseni n. sp.:E, holotype,RGM.225979,Winterswijk,The Netherlands, Langhian; F, paratype,MNHN.F.A77748 (Ledon coll.),Winterswijk;G, H, Dermomurex (Gracilimurex) ligerianus n. sp.: G, holotype,MNHN.F.A33456 (Dollfus coll.), Pontlevoy; H, paratype, MNHN.F.A33457 (Dollfus coll.); I-K, Trubatsa ganensis n. sp.: I, holotype, MNHN.A90520 (Varone coll.), Gan (Tuilerie), France, Ypresian; J, paratype, MNHN.F.A90518 (Merle coll.), Gan (Tuilerie); K, paratype, MNHN.F.A90517 (Merle coll.), Gan (Tuilerie); L, T. calviniacensis n. sp., holotype,MNHN.F.A25590 (Pacaud coll.), Cauvigny (Châteaurouge),France, Lutetian; M-O, Timbellus magnificus n. sp.: M, holotype, MNHN.F.A90522 (Pacaud coll.), Baron (Sablière Heudebert), France, Bartonian; N, paratype, MNHN.F.A90525 (Schtrock coll.), Saint-Vaast-lès-Mello (Barisseuse), France, Bartonian; O, paratype, MNHN.F.A90523 (Pacaud coll.), Baron (Sablière Heudebert). Scale bars: A-L, 5 mm; M-O, 20 mm." pageId="17" pageNumber="510">25M</figureCitation>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFF7E417FC95FC33FBC9FB58" blockId="17.[812,1457,891,1259]" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFF7E417FC95FC33FBB5FC4E" box="[813,1076,997,1021]" country="France" location="France" pageId="17" pageNumber="510" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF7E417FC95FC33FC5DFC4E" bold="true" box="[813,988,997,1021]" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFF7E417FC95FC33FC0EFC4E" box="[813,911,997,1021]" pageId="17" pageNumber="510" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFF7E417FC22FC33FC5DFC4E" box="[922,988,997,1021]" name="France" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">France</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
• 1 spm
</materialsCitation>
; same as for the
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFF7E417FB61FC33FAB0FC4E" box="[1241,1329,997,1021]" pageId="17" pageNumber="510" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
; early Bartonian;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFF7E417FCDCFBD6FC38FBA4" box="[868,953,1024,1047]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A90523 (
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFF7E417FB91FBD6FBF1FBAB" box="[1065,1136,1024,1048]" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">Pacaud</collectorName>
coll.) (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFF7E417FB0DFBD6FA98FBA4" box="[1205,1305,1024,1048]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="18.[131,142,1586,1603]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1541]" captionTargetId="figure-286@18.[698,1267,782,1353]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIG. 7. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Timbellus magnificus n. sp.: A, B, holotype, MNHN.F.A90522 (Pacaud coll.), Baron (Sablière Heudebert), Oise, Paris Basin, France middle Eocene (Bartonian); C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A90525 (Schtrock coll.), Saint-Vaast-lès-Mello (Barisseuse), Oise, middle Eocene (Bartonian); E, F, paratype, MNHN.F.A90523 (Pacaud coll.), Baron (Sablière Heudebert). Scale bars: 20 mm. Credits: P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." pageId="17" pageNumber="510">Figs 7E, F</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFF7E417FA9AFC29FAD1FBAB" box="[1314,1360,1023,1048]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="44.[132,143,1530,1547]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1484]" captionTargetId="figure-374@44.[700,1257,764,1304]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIG. 25. — New species of Muricopsis Bucquoy &amp; Dautzenberg, 1882, Favartia Jousseaume, 1880, Dermomurex Monterosato, 1890, Trubatsa Dall, 1889 and Timbellus De Gregorio, 1885: A, B, Muricopsis pontileviensis n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.A71120 (Dollfus coll.), Pontlevoy, France, Langhian; B, paratype, MNHN.F.A77743, (Dollfus coll.), Pontlevoy; C, D, M. neraudeaui n. sp.: C, holotype, MNHN.F.A77746 (Néraudeau sample), Saint-Jacques-de-la-Lande, France, Messinian;D, paratype,MNHN.F.A77747 (Néraudeau sample),Saint-Jacques-de-la-Lande;E, F, Favartia jansseni n. sp.:E, holotype,RGM.225979,Winterswijk,The Netherlands, Langhian; F, paratype,MNHN.F.A77748 (Ledon coll.),Winterswijk;G, H, Dermomurex (Gracilimurex) ligerianus n. sp.: G, holotype,MNHN.F.A33456 (Dollfus coll.), Pontlevoy; H, paratype, MNHN.F.A33457 (Dollfus coll.); I-K, Trubatsa ganensis n. sp.: I, holotype, MNHN.A90520 (Varone coll.), Gan (Tuilerie), France, Ypresian; J, paratype, MNHN.F.A90518 (Merle coll.), Gan (Tuilerie); K, paratype, MNHN.F.A90517 (Merle coll.), Gan (Tuilerie); L, T. calviniacensis n. sp., holotype,MNHN.F.A25590 (Pacaud coll.), Cauvigny (Châteaurouge),France, Lutetian; M-O, Timbellus magnificus n. sp.: M, holotype, MNHN.F.A90522 (Pacaud coll.), Baron (Sablière Heudebert), France, Bartonian; N, paratype, MNHN.F.A90525 (Schtrock coll.), Saint-Vaast-lès-Mello (Barisseuse), France, Bartonian; O, paratype, MNHN.F.A90523 (Pacaud coll.), Baron (Sablière Heudebert). Scale bars: A-L, 5 mm; M-O, 20 mm." pageId="17" pageNumber="510">25O</figureCitation>
) • 3 spm;
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFF7E417FC94FBCCFCE1FB81" box="[812,864,1050,1074]" country="France" location="France" pageId="17" pageNumber="510" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">idem</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFF7E417FCD4FBCDFB31FBFF" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="Faullummel &amp; Paris Basin &amp; Oise &amp; Barisseuse" country="France" pageId="17" pageNumber="510" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFF7E417FCD4FBCDFC40FB81" box="[876,961,1051,1074]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A90524 (
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFF7E417FB8AFBCCFB28FB81" box="[1074,1193,1050,1074]" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">Faullummel</collectorName>
coll.) • 1 spm
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFF7E417FA86FBCCFA2DFB81" box="[1342,1452,1050,1074]" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">Paris Basin</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFF7E417FC95FBE2FCDDFBFF" box="[813,860,1076,1100]" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">Oise</collectorName>
, Saint-Vaast-lès-Mello (
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFF7E417FBFAFBE2FB2BFBFF" box="[1090,1194,1076,1100]" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">Barisseuse</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFF7E417FB01FBE2FB6CFBFF" box="[1209,1261,1076,1100]" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="Faullummel &amp; Paris Basin &amp; Oise &amp; Barisseuse" country="France" pageId="17" pageNumber="510" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">idem</materialsCitation>
;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFF7E417FB4DFBE3FACBFBFF" box="[1269,1354,1077,1100]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A90525 (
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFF7E417FC8BFB99FC0CFBD4" box="[819,909,1103,1127]" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">Schtrock</collectorName>
coll.) (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFF7E417FC60FB99FBCAFBD5" box="[984,1099,1103,1127]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="18.[131,142,1586,1603]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1541]" captionTargetId="figure-286@18.[698,1267,782,1353]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIG. 7. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Timbellus magnificus n. sp.: A, B, holotype, MNHN.F.A90522 (Pacaud coll.), Baron (Sablière Heudebert), Oise, Paris Basin, France middle Eocene (Bartonian); C, D, paratype, MNHN.F.A90525 (Schtrock coll.), Saint-Vaast-lès-Mello (Barisseuse), Oise, middle Eocene (Bartonian); E, F, paratype, MNHN.F.A90523 (Pacaud coll.), Baron (Sablière Heudebert). Scale bars: 20 mm. Credits: P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS)." pageId="17" pageNumber="510">Figs 7C, D</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFF7E417FBE2FB99FB06FBD4" box="[1114,1159,1103,1127]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="44.[132,143,1530,1547]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1484]" captionTargetId="figure-374@44.[700,1257,764,1304]" captionTargetPageId="44" captionText="FIG. 25. — New species of Muricopsis Bucquoy &amp; Dautzenberg, 1882, Favartia Jousseaume, 1880, Dermomurex Monterosato, 1890, Trubatsa Dall, 1889 and Timbellus De Gregorio, 1885: A, B, Muricopsis pontileviensis n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.A71120 (Dollfus coll.), Pontlevoy, France, Langhian; B, paratype, MNHN.F.A77743, (Dollfus coll.), Pontlevoy; C, D, M. neraudeaui n. sp.: C, holotype, MNHN.F.A77746 (Néraudeau sample), Saint-Jacques-de-la-Lande, France, Messinian;D, paratype,MNHN.F.A77747 (Néraudeau sample),Saint-Jacques-de-la-Lande;E, F, Favartia jansseni n. sp.:E, holotype,RGM.225979,Winterswijk,The Netherlands, Langhian; F, paratype,MNHN.F.A77748 (Ledon coll.),Winterswijk;G, H, Dermomurex (Gracilimurex) ligerianus n. sp.: G, holotype,MNHN.F.A33456 (Dollfus coll.), Pontlevoy; H, paratype, MNHN.F.A33457 (Dollfus coll.); I-K, Trubatsa ganensis n. sp.: I, holotype, MNHN.A90520 (Varone coll.), Gan (Tuilerie), France, Ypresian; J, paratype, MNHN.F.A90518 (Merle coll.), Gan (Tuilerie); K, paratype, MNHN.F.A90517 (Merle coll.), Gan (Tuilerie); L, T. calviniacensis n. sp., holotype,MNHN.F.A25590 (Pacaud coll.), Cauvigny (Châteaurouge),France, Lutetian; M-O, Timbellus magnificus n. sp.: M, holotype, MNHN.F.A90522 (Pacaud coll.), Baron (Sablière Heudebert), France, Bartonian; N, paratype, MNHN.F.A90525 (Schtrock coll.), Saint-Vaast-lès-Mello (Barisseuse), France, Bartonian; O, paratype, MNHN.F.A90523 (Pacaud coll.), Baron (Sablière Heudebert). Scale bars: A-L, 5 mm; M-O, 20 mm." pageId="17" pageNumber="510">25N</figureCitation>
) • 1 spm;
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFF7E417FB4EFB99FB8BFB32" collectorName="Aisne &amp; Montreuil-aux-Lions" country="France" location="Paris Basin" pageId="17" pageNumber="510" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<location id="8EF86017FFF7E417FB4EFB99FAE7FBD4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFF7E415FC62FD01FEBDFB1D:8EF86017FFF7E417FB4EFB99FAE7FBD4" box="[1270,1382,1103,1127]" country="France" name="Paris Basin" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">Paris Basin</location>
,
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFF7E417FACAFB99FA2DFBD4" box="[1394,1452,1103,1127]" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">Aisne</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFF7E417FC96FBBFFB8BFB32" box="[814,1034,1129,1153]" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">Montreuil-aux-Lions</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFF7E417FBA0FBBFFBCEFB32" box="[1048,1103,1129,1153]" collectorName="Aisne &amp; Montreuil-aux-Lions" country="France" location="Paris Basin" pageId="17" pageNumber="510" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">idem</materialsCitation>
;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFF7E417FBE3FBBCFB33FB32" box="[1115,1202,1130,1153]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A73852 (
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFF7E417FA94FBBCFADEFB31" box="[1324,1375,1130,1154]" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">Pons</collectorName>
coll.) • 1 spm;
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFF7E417FCC7FB52FAEAFB2F" box="[895,1387,1156,1180]" collectorName="Seine-et-Marne &amp; Isle-les-Meldeuses" country="France" location="Paris Basin" pageId="17" pageNumber="510" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<location id="8EF86017FFF7E417FCC7FB52FC72FB2F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFF7E415FC62FD01FEBDFB1D:8EF86017FFF7E417FCC7FB52FC72FB2F" box="[895,1011,1156,1180]" country="France" name="Paris Basin" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">Paris Basin</location>
,
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFF7E417FBB8FB52FB23FB2F" box="[1024,1186,1156,1180]" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">Seine-et-Marne</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFF7E417FB17FB52FAEAFB2F" box="[1199,1387,1156,1180]" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">Isle-les-Meldeuses</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFF7E417FACFFB52FA2CFB2F" box="[1399,1453,1156,1180]" collectorName="Seine-et-Marne &amp; Isle-les-Meldeuses" country="France" location="Paris Basin" pageId="17" pageNumber="510" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">idem</materialsCitation>
;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFF7E417FC97FB49FC05FB05" box="[815,900,1183,1206]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A90526 (
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFF7E417FC40FB48FBF0FB05" box="[1016,1137,1182,1206]" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">Faullummel</collectorName>
coll.) • 1 spm;
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFF7E417FAABFB48FB28FB62" collectorName="Auvers-sur-Oise &amp; Bois-le-Roi" country="France" location="Paris Basin" municipality="Val d'Oise" pageId="17" pageNumber="510" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<location id="8EF86017FFF7E417FAABFB48FA02FB05" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038E87DAFFF7E415FC62FD01FEBDFB1D:8EF86017FFF7E417FAABFB48FA02FB05" box="[1299,1411,1182,1206]" country="France" municipality="Val d'Oise" name="Paris Basin" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">Paris Basin</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFCACB6FFF7E417FA37FB48FCF0FB62" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">Val dOise</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFF7E417FCC5FB6FFB9DFB62" box="[893,1052,1209,1233]" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">Auvers-sur-Oise</collectorName>
(
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFF7E417FB94FB6FFB23FB62" box="[1068,1186,1209,1233]" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">Bois-le-Roi</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFF7E417FB0CFB6FFB68FB62" box="[1204,1257,1209,1233]" collectorName="Auvers-sur-Oise &amp; Bois-le-Roi" country="France" location="Paris Basin" municipality="Val d'Oise" pageId="17" pageNumber="510" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">idem</materialsCitation>
;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFF7E417FB4DFB6FFACBFB63" box="[1269,1354,1209,1232]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A90527 (ex galerie
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFF7E417FC2DFB05FB88FB58" box="[917,1033,1235,1259]" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">de Zoologie</collectorName>
coll.).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFF7E417FC95FAD5FC38FA2C" pageId="17" pageNumber="510" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFF7E417FC95FAD5FC38FA2C" blockId="17.[811,1457,1283,1439]" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFF7E417FC95FAD5FC2BFAAA" baselines="1301,1301" box="[813,938,1283,1307]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Additional" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">ADDITIONAL</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFF7E417FC0AFADEFB93FAAA" baselines="1301" box="[946,1042,1288,1305]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="material" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">MATERIAL</smallCapsWord>
. —
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF7E417FBF4FAD5FB0EFAA8" bold="true" box="[1100,1167,1283,1307]" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFF7E417FBF4FAD5FB0EFAA8" box="[1100,1167,1283,1307]" name="France" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">France</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
• 1 spm; Paris Basin, Aisne, Bézu-le-Guéry; Sables dAuvers (biozone NP16); early Bartonian; MNHN.F.A90528 (Faullummel coll.) • 1 spm; Paris Basin, Aisne, Baron (Sablière Heudebert); idem;MNHN.F.A90529 (
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF7E417FA9FFA84FADEFAD9" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1319,1375,1362,1386]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="17" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
coll.) • 1 spm; Paris Basin, Seine-et-Marne, Le Limon; idem; MNHN.F.A90530 (Pacaud coll.).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFF7E417FC95FA61FA2CFA7C" box="[813,1453,1463,1487]" pageId="17" pageNumber="510" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFF7E417FC95FA61FA2CFA7C" blockId="17.[813,1453,1463,1487]" box="[813,1453,1463,1487]" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFF7E417FC95FA61FC27FA7E" baselines="1480,1481" box="[813,934,1463,1486]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Etymology" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">ETYMOLOGY</smallCapsWord>
. — From the Latin
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF7E417FBD5FA61FB50FA7C" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[1133,1233,1463,1487]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="17" pageNumber="510" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="magnificus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF7E417FBD5FA61FB50FA7C" box="[1133,1233,1463,1487]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">magnificus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
meaning magnificent.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFF7E417FC95FA31FBA9F9D1" pageId="17" pageNumber="510" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFF7E417FC95FA31FA31F9AA" blockId="17.[813,1457,1510,1561]" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFF7E417FC95FA31FCDFFA4F" baselines="1528,1528" box="[813,862,1511,1534]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">TYPE</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFF7E417FCDEFA3AFC43FA4E" baselines="1529" box="[870,962,1516,1533]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="horizon" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">HORIZON</smallCapsWord>
. — Sables dAuvers (biozone NP16), see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFF7E417FADEFA30FC31F9AA" author="GELY J. - P. &amp; LORENZ C." pageId="17" pageNumber="510" pagination="713 - 747" refId="ref44561" refString="GELY J. - P. &amp; LORENZ C. 1991. - Analyse sequentielle de l'Eocene et de l'Oligocene du Bassin parisien (France). Revue de l'institut francais du petrole 46 (6): 713 - 747." type="journal article" year="1991">Gély &amp; Lorenz (1991</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 1), middle Eocene (lower Bartonian, Auversian).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFF7E417FC95F9E7FBA9F9D1" blockId="17.[813,1455,1584,1635]" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFF7E417FC95F9E7FCDCF9F5" baselines="1602,1602" box="[813,861,1585,1608]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">TYPE</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFF7E417FCDBF9E0FC3FF9F4" baselines="1603" box="[867,958,1590,1607]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="locality" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">LOCALITY</smallCapsWord>
. —
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFF7E417FC54F9E7FBB1F9FB" box="[1004,1072,1585,1608]" name="France" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">France</collectingCountry>
, Paris Basin, Oise, Baron (Sablière Heudebert), see
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFF7E417FC1AF99DFBA3F9D0" author="WYNS R." box="[930,1058,1611,1635]" pageId="17" pageNumber="510" pagination="7 - 10" refId="ref49194" refString="WYNS R. 1980. - Coupes lithologiques detaillees de la sabliere de Baron. Bulletin d'Informations des Geologues du Bassin de Paris 17 (2): 7 - 10." type="journal article" year="1980">Wyns (1980)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFF7E417FC95F9ADFB1DF91E" pageId="17" pageNumber="510" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFF7E417FC95F9ADFB1DF91E" blockId="17.[813,1455,1659,1709]" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFF7E417FC95F9ADFC3DF922" baselines="1676,1677" box="[813,956,1659,1682]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Distribution" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">DISTRIBUTION</smallCapsWord>
. — Paris Basin (
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFF7E417FBD0F9ADFB2EF920" box="[1128,1199,1659,1683]" name="France" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">France</collectingCountry>
), Sables dAuvers, middle Eocene (lower Bartonian, Auversian).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFF7E415FC95F904FEBDFB1D" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="512" pageId="17" pageNumber="510" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFF7E417FC95F904FC3CF959" blockId="17.[811,1456,1746,2028]" box="[813,957,1746,1772]" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFF7E417FC95F904FC3CF959" baselines="1765,1765" box="[813,957,1746,1772]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Description" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">DESCRIPTION</smallCapsWord>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFF7E414FC95F924FA0CF8DF" blockId="17.[811,1456,1746,2028]" lastBlockId="18.[811,1457,1714,1900]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="511" pageId="17" pageNumber="510">
Unknown not preserved.Teleoconch up to
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFF7E417FB50F924FAC6F8BF" box="[1256,1351,1778,1805]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.85" pageId="17" pageNumber="510" unit="mm" value="58.5">58.5 mm</quantity>
in height, up to
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFF7E417FCD3F8C4FC3BF89F" box="[875,954,1810,1836]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="17" pageNumber="510" unit="mm" value="33.0">33 mm</quantity>
in width, subfusiform in profile, composed of seven whorls. Moderately high spire. Last whorl up to 85% of total length. Apical angle 71°. Spiral sculpture with moderately marked primary cords on varices. From first to fourth whorl, no spiral sculpture. Fifth whorl: appearance of weak cords corresponding to P1, P2, P3, s1 and s2; primary and secondary cords of same thickness. Sixth whorl: increase of thickness of cords. Seventh whorl: P1 to P6, s1 to s5, P6 weak; ADP, MP and ABP on siphonal canal. Axial sculpture eroded on first whorl. On second whorl, eight protovarices. On third whorl: appearance of varices; three varices and one intervarix between. From fourth to last whorl no change; intervarices low. Higher relief intervarices around on P2. Varices sublamellose on early whorls, thickened on last whorls. Appearance of short P1 spine on fourth whorl. On last whorl, short P1 spine oriented adapically; no other cord spine. Ovate aperture up to 36% of diameter and up to 70% of length of last whorl (including siphonal canal). Columellar lip smooth, narrow, slightly erect anteriorly and forming very flat curved inductura at base. Parietal lip slightly adherent. Outer lip with small denticles, ID, D1, D7 simple, D2-D6 bifid or trifid for D4. Siphonal canal narrow, open, bent, slightly dorsally recurved, up to 43% of apertural length. Pseudoumbilicus narrow.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF586644FFF4E414FF3BF9E4FAEFF9C3" pageId="18" pageNumber="511" startId="18.[131,142,1586,1603]" targetBox="[132,1455,215,1541]" targetPageId="18" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFF4E414FF3BF9E4FAEFF9C3" blockId="18.[131,1455,1586,1648]" pageId="18" pageNumber="511">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFF4E414FF3BF9E4FF1CF9F1" baselines="1599,1599" box="[131,157,1586,1603]" lowerCaseFontSize="5" mainFontSize="7" normCase="title" normString="Fig" pageId="18" pageNumber="511">FIG</smallCapsWord>
. 7. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF4E414FD3EF9E4FCB5F9F0" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[646,820,1586,1603]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="18" pageNumber="511" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="magnificus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF4E414FD3EF9E4FCB5F9F0" box="[646,820,1586,1603]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="511">Timbellus magnificus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFF4E414FC81F9E4FCEDF9F0" box="[825,876,1586,1603]" pageId="18" pageNumber="511" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
:
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF4E414FCCAF9E4FCFEF9F0" bold="true" box="[882,895,1586,1603]" pageId="18" pageNumber="511">A</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF4E414FC31F9E4FC17F9F0" bold="true" box="[905,918,1586,1603]" pageId="18" pageNumber="511">B</emphasis>
, holotype, MNHN.F.A90522 (Pacaud coll.), Baron (Sablière Heudebert), Oise, Paris Basin, France middle Eocene (Bartonian);
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF4E414FD3BF99FFD10F9E9" bold="true" box="[643,657,1609,1626]" pageId="18" pageNumber="511">C</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF4E414FD23F99FFD28F9E9" bold="true" box="[667,681,1609,1626]" pageId="18" pageNumber="511">D</emphasis>
, paratype, MNHN.F.A90525 (Schtrock coll.), Saint-Vaast-lès-Mello (Barisseuse), Oise, middle Eocene (Bartonian);
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF4E414FE95F989FEB8F9C3" bold="true" box="[301,313,1631,1648]" pageId="18" pageNumber="511">E</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF4E414FEFBF989FECFF9C3" bold="true" box="[323,334,1631,1648]" pageId="18" pageNumber="511">F</emphasis>
, paratype, MNHN.F.A90523 (Pacaud coll.), Baron (Sablière Heudebert). Scale bars: 20 mm. Credits: P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFF4E414FC95F847FC46F819" blockId="18.[813,1455,1937,2028]" box="[813,967,1937,1963]" pageId="18" pageNumber="511">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFF4E414FC95F847FC46F819" baselines="1956,1957" box="[813,967,1937,1963]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Comparisons" pageId="18" pageNumber="511">COMPARISONS</smallCapsWord>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFF4E415FC95F867FEBDFB1D" blockId="18.[813,1455,1937,2028]" lastBlockId="19.[131,777,853,1198]" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="512" pageId="18" pageNumber="511">
With a length exceeding
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFF4E414FBF6F867FB25F87F" box="[1102,1188,1969,1996]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="18" pageNumber="511" unit="mm" value="55.0">55 mm</quantity>
, it is one of the largest Eocene
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF4E414FCC7F807FC64F858" box="[895,997,2001,2027]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="18" pageNumber="511" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF4E414FCC7F807FC64F858" box="[895,997,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="511">Timbellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF4E415FBA7F804FF3DFCDC" authority="Pacaud, Goret &amp; Ledon, 2017" authorityName="Pacaud, Goret &amp; Ledon" authorityYear="2017" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="512" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="18" pageNumber="511" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="capitaneus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF4E414FBA7F804FB25F858" box="[1055,1188,2002,2027]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="511">T. capitaneus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFF4E415FB13F807FF3DFCDC" author="PACAUD J. - M. &amp; LEDON D. &amp; GORET B." lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="512" pageId="18" pageNumber="511" pagination="58 - 61" refId="ref48127" refString="PACAUD J. - M., LEDON D. &amp; GORET B. 2017. - Timbellus capitaneus n. sp., une espece nouvelle de Muricidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda) du Lutetien (Eocene moyen) du bassin de Paris. Fossiles. Revue francaise de paleontologie 32: 58 - 61." type="journal article" year="2017">Pacaud, Goret &amp; Ledon, 2017</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
which can exceeed a length of
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFF5E415FDBCFC83FDD7FCC3" box="[516,598,853,880]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" pageId="19" pageNumber="512" unit="mm" value="65.0">65 mm</quantity>
. The spiral cords of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF5E415FF1CFCA0FEB7FC3C" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[164,310,885,911]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="512" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="magnificus" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF5E415FF1CFCA0FEB7FC3C" box="[164,310,885,911]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="512">T. magnificus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFF5E415FEF8FCA3FEFEFC3C" box="[320,383,885,911]" pageId="19" pageNumber="512" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
are weak in juvenile specimens of four whorls, whereas they are already well developed and well marked in juvenile specimens of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF5E415FD97FC63FD3CFC7D" authorityName="Pacaud, Goret &amp; Ledon" authorityYear="2017" box="[559,701,949,974]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="512" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="capitaneus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF5E415FD97FC63FD3CFC7D" box="[559,701,949,974]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="512">T. capitaneus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
at the same growth stage. In addition,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF5E415FE5DFC03FDF2FC5C" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[485,627,981,1007]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="512" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="magnificus" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF5E415FE5DFC03FDF2FC5C" box="[485,627,981,1007]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="512">T. magnificus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFF5E415FDC2FC03FD37FC5C" box="[634,694,981,1007]" pageId="19" pageNumber="512" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
bears a small and very short P1 spine oriented adapically, whereas that of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF5E415FF69FBC3FEDAFB9D" authorityName="Pacaud, Goret &amp; Ledon" authorityYear="2017" box="[209,347,1045,1070]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="512" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="capitaneus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF5E415FF69FBC3FEDAFB9D" box="[209,347,1045,1070]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="512">T. capitaneus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is strong and abaxially oriented. Moreover,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF5E415FF7BFBE3FED2FBFD" authorityName="Pacaud, Goret &amp; Ledon" authorityYear="2017" box="[195,339,1077,1102]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="512" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="capitaneus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF5E415FF7BFBE3FED2FBFD" box="[195,339,1077,1102]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="512">T. capitaneus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF5E415FE2AFBE3FDA2FBFD" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[402,547,1076,1102]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="512" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="magnificus" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF5E415FE2AFBE3FDA2FBFD" box="[402,547,1076,1102]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="512">T. magnificus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFF5E415FD93FBE3FDEBFBFC" box="[555,618,1077,1103]" pageId="19" pageNumber="512" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
share a series of internal denticles including D1 to D6, but all internal denticles of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFF5E415FEB6FBA3FE1CFB3D" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[270,413,1140,1166]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="19" pageNumber="512" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="magnificus" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFF5E415FEB6FBA3FE1CFB3D" box="[270,413,1140,1166]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="512">T. magnificus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFF5E415FE1DFBA3FE63FB3C" box="[421,482,1141,1167]" pageId="19" pageNumber="512" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
are bifid and more or less of the same size.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<document id="A49CD4EC52C4A24D5CFE0258AB8A7140" ID-DOI="10.5252/geodiversitas2024v46a15" ID-ISSN="1638-9395" ID-ZooBank="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:C32EAAFD-85D8-45CD-8DF7-B894E1537713" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="felipe" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1729758589633" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Merle, Didier, Pacaud, Jean-Michel, Ledon, Daniel &amp; Goret, Bernard" docDate="2024" docId="038E87DAFFFBE41BFC00FF01FA31FC7C" docLanguage="en" docName="geodiversitas.2024.46.15.pdf" docOrigin="Geodiversitas 46 (15)" docSource="https://sciencepress.mnhn.fr/sites/default/files/articles/pdf/g2024v46a15.pdf" docStyle="DocumentStyle:F830B10FF475E64C1F1601E3B32DDC00.4:Geodiversitas.2018-.journal_article" docStyleId="F830B10FF475E64C1F1601E3B32DDC00" docStyleName="Geodiversitas.2018-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Pterynotus Swainson 1833" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="522" masterDocId="FFB7FFA2FFE6E406FFB8FFD6FF81FFB3" masterDocTitle="New Cenozoic Muricidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from Europe" masterLastPageNumber="551" masterPageNumber="495" pageNumber="522" updateTime="1729758832705" updateUser="GgImagineBatch" zenodo-license-document="CC0-1.0" zenodo-license-figures="CC0-1.0">
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<mods:title id="B12B86EC589D6C85C5ADFC54394DA579">New Cenozoic Muricidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from Europe</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="90751427BAAC1D81E28820F10778704B">Merle, Didier</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="32F722B35210823164183019002EA436">Pacaud, Jean-Michel</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="C51BBC1C6A55CB2FB3FD23999B19B822">Ledon, Daniel</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="F58D8EB30891DC48C3CBE096101B2A81">Muséum national dhistoire naturelle, Département Origines et Évolution (CR 2 P - MNHN, CNRS, UPMC, Sorbonne Université), 57 rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) didier. merle @ mnhn. fr (corresponding author) jean-michel. pacaud @ mnhn. fr dnledon @ yahoo. fr</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="ECD6DF0A07740401722CA352FF2C98AB">Goret, Bernard</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="59BE9654E0C57F91D8A3F914B323DF82">Raoul Ponchon, F- 31500 Toulouse (France) bernardgoret @ hotmail. com</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="C088383DD69081AEFFFB178C93D1D2E8">2024</mods:date>
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<heading id="D0D081A0FFFBE41BFC00FF01FAA2FF42" box="[952,1315,215,241]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" reason="2">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFBE41BFBBDFF0EFAA2FF42" ID-CoL="7PF5Y" authority="Swainson, 1833" authorityName="Swainson" authorityYear="1833" box="[1029,1315,215,241]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFBBDFF0EFBF0FF42" box="[1029,1137,216,241]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">Pterynotus</emphasis>
Swainson, 1833
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</paragraph>
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. —
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFBE41BFC66FEC7FA9AFE9B" authority="Swainson, 1822" authorityName="Swainson" authorityYear="1822" box="[990,1307,272,296]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="pinnatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFC66FEC7FBF5FE9B" box="[990,1140,273,296]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">Murex pinnatus</emphasis>
Swainson, 1822
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, by monotypy. Recent: Indo-Pacific.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFFBE41BFC95FEA1FA31FC7C" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFBE41BFC95FE41FA31FC7C" blockId="29.[811,1456,375,975]" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">
As seen above, fossil and Recent members of the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFBE41BFAC2FE41FBAFFE62" authority="de Gregorio, 1885" authorityName="de Gregorio" authorityYear="1885" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFAC2FE41FCE7FE63" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">Timbellus</emphasis>
de Gregorio, 1885
</taxonomicName>
were usually attributed to
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<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFAFBFE61FA2CFE63" box="[1347,1453,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">Pterynotus</emphasis>
Swainson, 1833
</taxonomicName>
(e.g.,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFBE41BFBA9FE00FB3CFE43" author="COSSMANN M." box="[1041,1213,470,496]" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" refId="ref43425" refString="COSSMANN M. 1889. - Catalogue illustre des coquilles fossiles de l'Eocene des environs de Paris faisant suite aux travaux paleontologiques de G. - P. Deshayes. 4 eme fascicule. Annales de la Societe royale Malacologique de Belgique 24: 1 - 385. [Also published as Cossmann M. 1889 (December). - Catalogue illustre des coquilles fossiles de l'Eocene des environs de Paris faisant suite aux travaux paleontologiques de G. - P. Deshayes. 4 eme fascicule, Societe royale malacologique de Belgique, Bruxelles, 385 p.]" type="book" year="1889">Cossmann 1889</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFBE41BFB73FE00FCE3FDA3" author="COSSMANN M. &amp; PISSARRO G." pageId="29" pageNumber="522" pagination="26 - 45" refId="ref43883" refString="COSSMANN M. &amp; PISSARRO G. 1911. - Iconographie complete des coquilles fossiles de l'Eocene du Bassin de Paris. Tome 2. Hermann, Paris: pl. 26 - 45. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 36319938" type="book chapter" year="1911">Cossmann &amp; Pissarro 1911</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFBE41BFCC8FE20FC78FDA3" author="GLIBERT M." box="[880,1017,502,528]" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" pagination="1 - 179" refId="ref44626" refString="GLIBERT M. 1963. - Les Muricacea et les Buccinacea du Cenozoique etranger des collections de l'Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique. Memoires de l'Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique serie 2, 74: 1 - 179." type="journal article" year="1963">Glibert 1963</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFBE41BFBBCFE20FB01FDA3" author="VOKES E. H." box="[1028,1152,502,528]" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" pagination="1 - 50" refId="ref48869" refString="VOKES E. H. 1970. - Cenozoic Muricidae of the Western Atlantic region. Part V. Pterynotus and Poirieria. Tulane Studies in Geology and Paleontology 8 (1): 1 - 50." type="journal article" year="1970">Vokes 1970</bibRefCitation>
) in the subfamily
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFBE41BFA83FE20FA2DFDA3" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1815" box="[1339,1452,502,528]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Muricinae">Muricinae</taxonomicName>
. Based on molecular data,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFBE41BFBF0FDC1FA88FD83" author="BARCO A. &amp; CLAREMONT M. &amp; REID D. G. &amp; HOUART R. &amp; BOUCHET P. &amp; WILLIAMS S. T. &amp; CRUAUD C. &amp; COULOUX A. &amp; OLIVERIO M." box="[1096,1289,534,561]" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" pagination="1025 - 1039" refId="ref42748" refString="BARCO A., CLAREMONT M., REID D. G., HOUART R., BOUCHET P., WILLIAMS S. T., CRUAUD C., COULOUX A. &amp; OLIVERIO M. 2010. - A molecular phylogenetic framework for the Muricidae, a diverse family of carnivorous gastropods. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 55 (3): 1025 - 1039. https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. ympev. 2010.03.008" type="journal article" year="2010">
Barco
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFB34FDC1FB40FD83" box="[1164,1217,534,560]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">et al.</emphasis>
(2010
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFBE41BFAA0FDC0FAD0FD83" author="BARCO A. &amp; SCHIAPARELLI S. &amp; HOUART R. &amp; OLIVERIO M." box="[1304,1361,534,560]" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" pagination="596 - 616" refId="ref42832" refString="BARCO A., SCHIAPARELLI S., HOUART R. &amp; OLIVERIO M. 2012. - Cenozoic evolution of Muricidae (Mollusca, Neogastropoda) in the Southern Ocean, with the description of a new subfamily. Zoologica Scripta 41 (6): 596 - 616. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1463 - 6409.2012.00554. x" type="journal article" year="2012">2012</bibRefCitation>
) studied the phylogenetic relationships of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFBE41BFB25FDE1FA88FDE3" authorityName="Swainson" authorityYear="1833" box="[1181,1289,567,592]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFB25FDE1FA88FDE3" box="[1181,1289,567,592]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">Pterynotus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
represented by
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFBE41BFC95FD81FBF3FDC3" authority="(Lightfoot, 1786)" baseAuthorityName="Lightfoot" baseAuthorityYear="1786" box="[813,1138,598,624]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="elongatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFC95FD81FC27FDC3" box="[813,934,598,624]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">P. elongatus</emphasis>
(Lightfoot, 1786)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFBE41BFB16FD81FA31FDC3" authority="Houart, 1988" authorityName="Houart" authorityYear="1988" box="[1198,1456,598,624]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fulgens">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFB16FD81FA8EFDC3" box="[1198,1295,598,624]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">P. fulgens</emphasis>
Houart, 1988
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFBE41BFCE5FDA0FB04FD22" authority="Houart, 1995" authorityName="Houart" authorityYear="1995" box="[861,1157,630,657]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterymarchia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFCE5FDA0FC67FD23" box="[861,998,630,656]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">Pterymarchia</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFBE41BFC57FDA0FB04FD22" author="HOUART R." box="[1007,1157,630,657]" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" pagination="127 - 136" refId="ref44916" refString="HOUART R. 1995. - Pterymarchia n. gen. and Vaughtia n. gen., two new muricid genera (Gastropoda: Muricidae: Muricinae and Ocenebrinae). Apex 10 (4): 127 - 136. https: // www. biodiversitylibrary. org / page / 42257087" type="journal article" year="1995">Houart, 1995</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
represented by
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFBE41BFA8DFDA1FB83FD03" authority="(Roding, 1798)" baseAuthorityName="Roding" baseAuthorityYear="1798" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterymarchia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="martinetana">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFA8DFDA1FCD5FD1C" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">P. martinetana</emphasis>
(Röding, 1798)
</taxonomicName>
. These authors demonstrated firstly, that
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFBE41BFC94FD60FC17FD7C" authorityName="Swainson" authorityYear="1833" box="[812,918,694,719]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFC94FD60FC17FD7C" box="[812,918,694,719]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">Pterynotus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFBE41BFC74FD63FBD4FD7C" authorityName="Houart" authorityYear="1995" box="[972,1109,693,719]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterymarchia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFC74FD63FBD4FD7C" box="[972,1109,693,719]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">Pterymarchia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are not phylogenetically close to
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFBE41BFC94FD00FBA6FD43" authority="Houart, 1988" authorityName="Houart" authorityYear="1988" box="[812,1063,725,752]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fulgens">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFC94FD00FC0BFD5C" box="[812,906,725,751]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">P. fulgens</emphasis>
Houart, 1988
</taxonomicName>
and secondly, none of these taxa are included within the clade of the
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFBE41BFBCBFD23FB63FCBC" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1815" box="[1139,1250,757,783]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Muricinae">Muricinae</taxonomicName>
.According toMerle
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFC95FCC0FCE0FC9C" box="[813,865,789,815]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">et al.</emphasis>
(2011),
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFBE41BFC79FCC0FBF8FC9C" authorityName="Houart" authorityYear="1988" box="[961,1145,789,815]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fulgens">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFC79FCC0FBF8FC9C" box="[961,1145,789,815]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">Pterynotus fulgens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is closely related to the
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFFBE41BFA39FCC0FA2EFC83" box="[1409,1455,790,816]" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">type</typeStatus>
species of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFBE41BFC2AFCE3FC76FCFC" authorityName="de Gregorio" authorityYear="1885" box="[914,1015,821,847]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFC2AFCE3FC76FCFC" box="[914,1015,821,847]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">Timbellus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and is now attributed to that genus. Thus,
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFBE41BFC93FC83FC6FFCDC" author="MERLE D. &amp; GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P." box="[811,1006,853,879]" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" refId="ref47234" refString="MERLE D., GARRIGUES B. &amp; POINTIER J. - P. 2011. - Fossil &amp; Recent Muricidae of the World. Part Muricinae. ConchBooks, Hackenheim, 652 p." type="book" year="2011">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFBE41BFC93FC83FCEBFCDC" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[811,874,853,879]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="543" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" status="subfam. nov." subFamily="Merle">Merle</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFCC8FC80FC20FCDC" box="[880,929,853,879]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">et al.</emphasis>
(2011)
</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFBE41BFBA6FC80FB3AFCDC" author="HOUART R." box="[1054,1211,853,880]" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" pagination="37 - 66" refId="ref45005" refString="HOUART R. 2018. - Historique et classification des especes actuelles de Muricidae (Neogastropoda, Muricoidea). Novapex 19 (2): 37 - 66." type="journal article" year="2018">Houart (2018)</bibRefCitation>
rejected
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFBE41BFAAEFC80FA01FCDC" authorityName="Swainson" authorityYear="1833" box="[1302,1408,854,879]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFAAEFC80FA01FCDC" box="[1302,1408,854,879]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">Pterynotus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFBE41BFC93FCA3FC35FC3C" authorityName="Houart" authorityYear="1995" box="[811,948,885,911]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterymarchia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFC93FCA3FC35FC3C" box="[811,948,885,911]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">Pterymarchia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFBE41BFB9AFCA3FB12FC3C" authorityName="Rafinesque" authorityYear="1815" box="[1058,1171,885,911]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" phylum="Mollusca" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Muricinae">Muricinae</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFBE41BFB26FCA3FA2EFC3C" author="RUSSINI V. &amp; FASSIO G. &amp; NOCELLA E. &amp; HOUART R. &amp; BARCO A. &amp; PUILLANDRE N. &amp; MODICA M. V. &amp; M. OLIVERIO" box="[1182,1455,885,911]" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" pagination="856 - 868" refId="ref48453" refString="RUSSINI V., FASSIO G., NOCELLA E., HOUART R., BARCO A., PUILLANDRE N., LOZOUET P, MODICA M. V. &amp; M. OLIVERIO 2023. - Whelks, rock-snails, and allied: a new phylogenetic framework for the family Muricidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda). The European Zoological Journal 90 (2): 856 - 868. https: // doi. org / 10.1080 / 24750263.2023.2283517" type="journal article" year="2023">
Russini
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFB4CFCA0FAA6FC3C" box="[1268,1319,885,911]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">et al.</emphasis>
(2023: 866)
</bibRefCitation>
place
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFBE41BFCD0FC40FC53FC1C" authorityName="Swainson" authorityYear="1833" box="[872,978,918,943]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Pterynotus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="29" pageNumber="522" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFCD0FC40FC53FC1C" box="[872,978,918,943]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">Pterynotus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFBE41BFC57FC40FBF0FC1C" box="[1007,1137,917,943]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="522">incertae sedis</emphasis>
and consider that it likely represented an independent lineage, worthy of subfamilial rank.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,289 @@
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<mods:title id="09ED6D1287F3C8C3ABAFD8E3C237F09A">New Cenozoic Muricidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda) from Europe</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7F7165A5560D6015F6EAABE429A3FA56">Ledon, Daniel</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="CF42B19372DB47B0F759BD2AD0DBDCB9">Muséum national dhistoire naturelle, Département Origines et Évolution (CR 2 P - MNHN, CNRS, UPMC, Sorbonne Université), 57 rue Cuvier, 75231 Paris cedex 05 (France) didier. merle @ mnhn. fr (corresponding author) jean-michel. pacaud @ mnhn. fr dnledon @ yahoo. fr</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="4872C1CC0539C6EC1FFFF46BE716BA70">Raoul Ponchon, F- 31500 Toulouse (France) bernardgoret @ hotmail. com</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="EEBE49E1CAE8904844D367D5276222C7" type="email">bernardgoret@hotmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFFDE41DFC6EFA8EFA87FAC2" box="[982,1286,1367,1394]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFDE41DFC6EFA8EFA87FAC2" blockId="27.[982,1286,1367,1394]" box="[982,1286,1367,1394]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">
<heading id="D0D081A0FFFDE41DFC6EFA8EFA87FAC2" box="[982,1286,1367,1394]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFDE41DFC6EFA8EFB42FAC1" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[982,1219,1368,1394]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="radulfiensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFDE41DFC6EFA8EFB42FAC1" bold="true" box="[982,1219,1368,1394]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">Timbellus radulfiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFFDE41DFB73FA81FA87FAC2" box="[1227,1286,1367,1393]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFFDE41DFBAAFAA1FA2EFA7E" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFDE41DFBAAFAA1FB4BFA22" blockId="27.[1042,1226,1398,1425]" box="[1042,1226,1398,1425]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">
(
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFDE41DFBA3FAA1FBE8FA22" box="[1051,1129,1398,1425]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="28.[132,143,796,813]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,753]" captionTargetId="figure-713@28.[176,842,231,736]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIG. 15. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Timbellus radulfiensis n. sp.: A, B, holotype, MNHN.F.A77754 (MNHN. coll.), Rauville-la-Place, Manche, Normandy, France, late Eocene (Priabonian); C, paratype, MNHN.F.A77755 (MNHN coll.), Rauville-la-Place; D, paratype, MNHN.F.A90559 (Vasseur coll.), Rauville-la-Place. Scale bars: 5 mm. Credits: A-C, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); D, L. Cazes (MNHN/CNRS)." pageId="27" pageNumber="520">Figs 15</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFDE41DFBCFFAA0FB12FA23" box="[1143,1171,1398,1424]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="45.[132,143,1622,1639]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1562]" captionTargetId="figure-370@45.[700,1259,799,1371]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIG. 26. — New species of Timbellus De Gregorio, 1885: A, B, Timbellus occidentalis n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.A90533 (Le Marchand coll.), Fresville, France, upper Lutetian;B, paratype,MNHN.F.A24031 (Vasseur coll.),Saffré (Bois-Gouët),France,Bartonian;C, D, T.calciacus n. sp.: C, holotype,MNHN.F.A90536 (Merle coll.), Chaussy (Les Garennes), France, Lutetian; D, paratype, MNHN.F.A90537 (Merle coll.), Chaussy (Les Garennes); E, F, T. longicanalis n. sp.: E, holotype, MNHN.F.A24101 (Le Marchand coll.), Fresville, France, upper Lutetian; F, paratype, MNHN.F.A24100, Fresville; G-I, T. magnei n. name: G, MNHN.F.A32508 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen, Gan (Tuilerie), France; H, MNHN.F.A90545 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen with protoconch, Gan (Tuilerie); I, MNHN.F.A72443 (Varone coll.), Gan (Tuilerie); J-L, T. curvispina n. sp.: J, holotype, MNHN.F.A90541 (MNHN coll.), Parnes, France, Lutetian; K, paratype, MNHN.F.A90543 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin, France, Lutetian; L, paratype, MNHN.F.A73848 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin; M, T. sixi n. sp., holotype, MNHN.F.A90544 (Six coll.), Trosly-Breuil (Fond Couturier), France, Ypresian; N-P, T. radulfiensis n. sp.: N, holotype, MNHN.F.A77754 (MNHN coll.), Rauville-la-Place, France, Priabonian; O, paratype, MNHN.F.A77755 (MNHN coll.), Rauville-la-Place; P, paratype, MNHN.F.A90559 (Vasseur coll.), Rauville-la-Place. Scale bars: A,B, N-P, 5 mm; C, D, 3 mm; E-G, I-L, 10 mm; H, 2 mm." pageId="27" pageNumber="520">26</figureCitation>
N-P)
</paragraph>
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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. —
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<typeStatus id="549C886EFFFDE41DFC67F9D7FBBDF9AA" box="[991,1084,1537,1561]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
.
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,
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,
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;
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFFDE41DFC3DF9CDFB2AF980" box="[901,1195,1563,1587]" collectorName="Argiles" country="France" location="Corbules Formation" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Haute-Normandie" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFFDE41DFC3DF9CDFC46F980" box="[901,967,1563,1587]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">Argiles</collectorName>
à
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; late Eocene (Priabonian);
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFFDE41DFC96F9E0FB99F9DB" collectionCode="MNHN" country="France" location="France" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFFDE41DFC96F9E0FC01F9FE" box="[814,896,1590,1613]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A77754 (
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFFDE41DFC55F9E3FBC1F9FE" box="[1005,1088,1589,1613]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">MNHN</collectionCode>
coll.), H:
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFFDE41DFB24F9E3FB72F9FE" box="[1180,1267,1589,1613]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" unit="mm" value="13.5">13.5 mm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFDE41DFB47F9E3FAEDF9FE" box="[1279,1388,1589,1614]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="28.[132,143,796,813]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,753]" captionTargetId="figure-713@28.[176,842,231,736]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIG. 15. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Timbellus radulfiensis n. sp.: A, B, holotype, MNHN.F.A77754 (MNHN. coll.), Rauville-la-Place, Manche, Normandy, France, late Eocene (Priabonian); C, paratype, MNHN.F.A77755 (MNHN coll.), Rauville-la-Place; D, paratype, MNHN.F.A90559 (Vasseur coll.), Rauville-la-Place. Scale bars: 5 mm. Credits: A-C, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); D, L. Cazes (MNHN/CNRS)." pageId="27" pageNumber="520">Figs 15A, B</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFDE41DFACBF9E3FA25F9FD" box="[1395,1444,1589,1614]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="45.[132,143,1622,1639]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1562]" captionTargetId="figure-370@45.[700,1259,799,1371]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIG. 26. — New species of Timbellus De Gregorio, 1885: A, B, Timbellus occidentalis n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.A90533 (Le Marchand coll.), Fresville, France, upper Lutetian;B, paratype,MNHN.F.A24031 (Vasseur coll.),Saffré (Bois-Gouët),France,Bartonian;C, D, T.calciacus n. sp.: C, holotype,MNHN.F.A90536 (Merle coll.), Chaussy (Les Garennes), France, Lutetian; D, paratype, MNHN.F.A90537 (Merle coll.), Chaussy (Les Garennes); E, F, T. longicanalis n. sp.: E, holotype, MNHN.F.A24101 (Le Marchand coll.), Fresville, France, upper Lutetian; F, paratype, MNHN.F.A24100, Fresville; G-I, T. magnei n. name: G, MNHN.F.A32508 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen, Gan (Tuilerie), France; H, MNHN.F.A90545 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen with protoconch, Gan (Tuilerie); I, MNHN.F.A72443 (Varone coll.), Gan (Tuilerie); J-L, T. curvispina n. sp.: J, holotype, MNHN.F.A90541 (MNHN coll.), Parnes, France, Lutetian; K, paratype, MNHN.F.A90543 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin, France, Lutetian; L, paratype, MNHN.F.A73848 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin; M, T. sixi n. sp., holotype, MNHN.F.A90544 (Six coll.), Trosly-Breuil (Fond Couturier), France, Ypresian; N-P, T. radulfiensis n. sp.: N, holotype, MNHN.F.A77754 (MNHN coll.), Rauville-la-Place, France, Priabonian; O, paratype, MNHN.F.A77755 (MNHN coll.), Rauville-la-Place; P, paratype, MNHN.F.A90559 (Vasseur coll.), Rauville-la-Place. Scale bars: A,B, N-P, 5 mm; C, D, 3 mm; E-G, I-L, 10 mm; H, 2 mm." pageId="27" pageNumber="520">26N</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFDE41DFC95F987FC4FF9DA" bold="true" box="[813,974,1617,1641]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFFDE41DFC95F987FC08F9DA" box="[813,905,1617,1641]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFFDE41DFC28F987FC4FF9DA" box="[912,974,1617,1641]" name="France" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">France</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
• 1 spm
</materialsCitation>
; same as for the
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFFDE41DFB1DF987FB79F9DA" box="[1189,1272,1617,1641]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFFDE41DFB45F987FACFF9DB" box="[1277,1358,1617,1640]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A77755 (
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFFDE41DFC8CF9BAFC09F937" box="[820,904,1644,1668]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">MNHN</collectionCode>
coll.) (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFDE41DFC73F9BDFBA3F937" box="[971,1058,1643,1668]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="28.[132,143,796,813]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,753]" captionTargetId="figure-713@28.[176,842,231,736]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIG. 15. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Timbellus radulfiensis n. sp.: A, B, holotype, MNHN.F.A77754 (MNHN. coll.), Rauville-la-Place, Manche, Normandy, France, late Eocene (Priabonian); C, paratype, MNHN.F.A77755 (MNHN coll.), Rauville-la-Place; D, paratype, MNHN.F.A90559 (Vasseur coll.), Rauville-la-Place. Scale bars: 5 mm. Credits: A-C, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); D, L. Cazes (MNHN/CNRS)." pageId="27" pageNumber="520">Figs 15C</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFDE41DFB94F9BDFBD8F937" box="[1068,1113,1643,1668]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="45.[132,143,1622,1639]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1562]" captionTargetId="figure-370@45.[700,1259,799,1371]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIG. 26. — New species of Timbellus De Gregorio, 1885: A, B, Timbellus occidentalis n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.A90533 (Le Marchand coll.), Fresville, France, upper Lutetian;B, paratype,MNHN.F.A24031 (Vasseur coll.),Saffré (Bois-Gouët),France,Bartonian;C, D, T.calciacus n. sp.: C, holotype,MNHN.F.A90536 (Merle coll.), Chaussy (Les Garennes), France, Lutetian; D, paratype, MNHN.F.A90537 (Merle coll.), Chaussy (Les Garennes); E, F, T. longicanalis n. sp.: E, holotype, MNHN.F.A24101 (Le Marchand coll.), Fresville, France, upper Lutetian; F, paratype, MNHN.F.A24100, Fresville; G-I, T. magnei n. name: G, MNHN.F.A32508 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen, Gan (Tuilerie), France; H, MNHN.F.A90545 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen with protoconch, Gan (Tuilerie); I, MNHN.F.A72443 (Varone coll.), Gan (Tuilerie); J-L, T. curvispina n. sp.: J, holotype, MNHN.F.A90541 (MNHN coll.), Parnes, France, Lutetian; K, paratype, MNHN.F.A90543 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin, France, Lutetian; L, paratype, MNHN.F.A73848 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin; M, T. sixi n. sp., holotype, MNHN.F.A90544 (Six coll.), Trosly-Breuil (Fond Couturier), France, Ypresian; N-P, T. radulfiensis n. sp.: N, holotype, MNHN.F.A77754 (MNHN coll.), Rauville-la-Place, France, Priabonian; O, paratype, MNHN.F.A77755 (MNHN coll.), Rauville-la-Place; P, paratype, MNHN.F.A90559 (Vasseur coll.), Rauville-la-Place. Scale bars: A,B, N-P, 5 mm; C, D, 3 mm; E-G, I-L, 10 mm; H, 2 mm." pageId="27" pageNumber="520">26O</figureCitation>
) • 3 spm;
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFFDE41DFB02F9BDFB6FF930" box="[1210,1262,1643,1667]" collectionCode="MNHN" country="France" location="France" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">idem</materialsCitation>
;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFFDE41DFB4DF9BAFACBF930" box="[1269,1354,1644,1667]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A77756 (
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFFDE41DFC8CF950FC09F92D" box="[820,904,1670,1694]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">MNHN</collectionCode>
coll.) • 3 spm;
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFFDE41DFBA3F950FBCEF92D" box="[1051,1103,1670,1694]" collectionCode="MNHN" country="France" location="France" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">idem</materialsCitation>
;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFFDE41DFBE0F950FB2CF92E" box="[1112,1197,1670,1693]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A24118 (
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFFDE41DFAA5F950FAE9F92D" box="[1309,1384,1670,1694]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">Vasseur</collectorName>
coll.) • 1 spm;
<materialsCitation id="3B4F3C91FFFDE41DFCCDF976FC28F90B" box="[885,937,1696,1720]" collectionCode="MNHN" country="France" location="France" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">idem</materialsCitation>
;
<collectionCode id="ED36AE09FFFDE41DFC0BF977FB89F90B" box="[947,1032,1697,1720]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">MNHN</collectionCode>
.F.A90559 (
<collectorName id="26D2531AFFFDE41DFBC1F976FB45F90B" box="[1145,1220,1696,1720]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">Vasseur</collectorName>
coll.) (
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFDE41DFAB2F976FAE6F90B" box="[1290,1383,1696,1720]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="28.[132,143,796,813]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,753]" captionTargetId="figure-713@28.[176,842,231,736]" captionTargetPageId="28" captionText="FIG. 15. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in Timbellus radulfiensis n. sp.: A, B, holotype, MNHN.F.A77754 (MNHN. coll.), Rauville-la-Place, Manche, Normandy, France, late Eocene (Priabonian); C, paratype, MNHN.F.A77755 (MNHN coll.), Rauville-la-Place; D, paratype, MNHN.F.A90559 (Vasseur coll.), Rauville-la-Place. Scale bars: 5 mm. Credits: A-C, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); D, L. Cazes (MNHN/CNRS)." pageId="27" pageNumber="520">Figs 15D</figureCitation>
;
<figureCitation id="131C2A49FFFDE41DFAC9F976FA1AF90A" box="[1393,1435,1696,1721]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="45.[132,143,1622,1639]" captionTargetBox="[132,1455,215,1562]" captionTargetId="figure-370@45.[700,1259,799,1371]" captionTargetPageId="45" captionText="FIG. 26. — New species of Timbellus De Gregorio, 1885: A, B, Timbellus occidentalis n. sp.: A, holotype, MNHN.F.A90533 (Le Marchand coll.), Fresville, France, upper Lutetian;B, paratype,MNHN.F.A24031 (Vasseur coll.),Saffré (Bois-Gouët),France,Bartonian;C, D, T.calciacus n. sp.: C, holotype,MNHN.F.A90536 (Merle coll.), Chaussy (Les Garennes), France, Lutetian; D, paratype, MNHN.F.A90537 (Merle coll.), Chaussy (Les Garennes); E, F, T. longicanalis n. sp.: E, holotype, MNHN.F.A24101 (Le Marchand coll.), Fresville, France, upper Lutetian; F, paratype, MNHN.F.A24100, Fresville; G-I, T. magnei n. name: G, MNHN.F.A32508 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen, Gan (Tuilerie), France; H, MNHN.F.A90545 (Merle coll.), juvenile specimen with protoconch, Gan (Tuilerie); I, MNHN.F.A72443 (Varone coll.), Gan (Tuilerie); J-L, T. curvispina n. sp.: J, holotype, MNHN.F.A90541 (MNHN coll.), Parnes, France, Lutetian; K, paratype, MNHN.F.A90543 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin, France, Lutetian; L, paratype, MNHN.F.A73848 (Pons coll.), Fontenay-en-Vexin; M, T. sixi n. sp., holotype, MNHN.F.A90544 (Six coll.), Trosly-Breuil (Fond Couturier), France, Ypresian; N-P, T. radulfiensis n. sp.: N, holotype, MNHN.F.A77754 (MNHN coll.), Rauville-la-Place, France, Priabonian; O, paratype, MNHN.F.A77755 (MNHN coll.), Rauville-la-Place; P, paratype, MNHN.F.A90559 (Vasseur coll.), Rauville-la-Place. Scale bars: A,B, N-P, 5 mm; C, D, 3 mm; E-G, I-L, 10 mm; H, 2 mm." pageId="27" pageNumber="520">26P</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFFDE41DFC95F905FC62F8B6" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFDE41DFC95F905FC62F8B6" blockId="27.[813,1451,1747,1797]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFFDE41DFC95F905FC27F95A" baselines="1764,1765" box="[813,934,1747,1770]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Etymology" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">ETYMOLOGY</smallCapsWord>
. — From the ancient name of the
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFFDE41DFB48F905FA9BF958" box="[1264,1306,1747,1771]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">type</typeStatus>
locality
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFDE41DFAD0F905FCD6F8B6" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">Radulfi villa</emphasis>
around 1083.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFFDE41DFC95F8F6FBB1F80A" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFDE41DFC95F8F6FC51F8DF" blockId="27.[813,1455,1823,1900]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFFDE41DFC95F8F6FCE1F886" baselines="1841,1841" box="[813,864,1824,1847]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFFDE41DFC95F8F6FCE1F886" box="[813,864,1824,1847]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">TYPE</typeStatus>
</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFFDE41DFCD0F8F3FC46F885" baselines="1842" box="[872,967,1829,1846]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="horizon" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">HORIZON</smallCapsWord>
. — Argiles à Corbules Formation, late Eocene (Priabonian), stratigraphic data given byCavelier (1979) and
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFDE41DFAC5F8ECFC4BF8DF" author="CHATEAUNEUF J. - J." pageId="27" pageNumber="520" pagination="1 - 350" refId="ref43345" refString="CHATEAUNEUF J. - J. 1980. - Palynostratigraphie et paleoclimatologie de l'Eocene superieur et de l'Oligocene du bassin de Paris. Memoires du BRGM 116: 1 - 350." type="journal article" year="1980">Chateauneuf (1980)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFDE41DFC95F851FBB1F80A" blockId="27.[813,1455,1927,1977]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFFDE41DFC95F851FCDCF82F" baselines="1944,1944" box="[813,861,1927,1950]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Type" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFFDE41DFC95F851FCDCF82F" box="[813,861,1927,1950]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">TYPE</typeStatus>
</smallCapsWord>
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFFDE41DFCDCF85AFC3EF82E" baselines="1945" box="[868,959,1932,1949]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="lower" normString="locality" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">LOCALITY</smallCapsWord>
. —
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFFDE41DFC54F851FBB1F82D" box="[1004,1072,1927,1950]" name="France" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">France</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49E3F82EFFFDE41DFB82F851FB27F82C" box="[1082,1190,1927,1951]" country="France" name="Haute-Normandie" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">Normandy</collectingRegion>
, Manche, Rauville-la-Place (Cauvin),
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFDE41DFC29F877FBABF80A" author="CAVELIER C." box="[913,1066,1953,1977]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" pagination="1 - 280" refId="ref43197" refString="CAVELIER C. 1979. - La limite eocene-oligocene en Europe occidentale. Sciences Geologiques (Institut de Geologie de Strasbourg), Memoire 54: 1 - 280. https: // www. persee. fr / doc / sgeol _ 0302 - 2684 _ 1979 _ mon _ 54 _ 1" type="journal article" year="1979">Cavelier (1979)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFFDE41DFC95F802FAB2F858" box="[813,1331,2003,2028]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFDE41DFC95F802FAB2F858" blockId="27.[813,1331,2003,2028]" box="[813,1331,2003,2028]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFFDE41DFC95F802FC3BF859" baselines="2021,2022" box="[813,954,2004,2027]" lowerCaseFontSize="7" mainFontSize="10" normCase="title" normString="Distribution" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">DISTRIBUTION</smallCapsWord>
. — Only know from the
<typeStatus id="549C886EFFFDE41DFB0FF802FB60F85F" box="[1207,1249,2004,2028]" pageId="27" pageNumber="520">type</typeStatus>
locality.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF586644FFFAE41AFF3CFCCAFB9EFCE8" pageId="28" pageNumber="521" startId="28.[132,143,796,813]" targetBox="[132,1455,215,753]" targetPageId="28" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFAE41AFF3CFCCAFB9EFCE8" blockId="28.[132,1457,796,859]" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFFAE41AFF3CFCCAFF1CFC9E" baselines="809,810" box="[132,157,796,813]" lowerCaseFontSize="5" mainFontSize="7" normCase="title" normString="Fig" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">FIG</smallCapsWord>
. 15. — Spiral cords and internal denticles of the outer lip in
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFAE41AFD21FCCAFCCDFC9E" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[665,844,796,813]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="28" pageNumber="521" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="radulfiensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFAE41AFD21FCCAFCCDFC9E" box="[665,844,796,813]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">Timbellus radulfiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFFAE41AFCEAFCCAFC04FC9E" box="[850,901,796,813]" pageId="28" pageNumber="521" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
:
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFAE41AFC34FCCAFC18FC9E" bold="true" box="[908,921,796,813]" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">A</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFAE41AFC1CFCCAFC30FC9E" bold="true" box="[932,945,796,813]" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">B</emphasis>
, holotype, MNHN.F.A77754 (MNHN. coll.), Rauville-la-Place, Manche, Normandy, France, late Eocene (Priabonian);
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFAE41AFDEBFCE5FDE0FCF7" bold="true" box="[595,609,819,836]" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">C</emphasis>
, paratype, MNHN.F.A77755 (MNHN coll.), Rauville-la-Place;
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFAE41AFBDCFCE5FBF3FCF7" bold="true" box="[1124,1138,819,836]" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">D</emphasis>
, paratype, MNHN.F.A90559 (Vasseur coll.), Rauville-la-Place. Scale bars: 5 mm. Credits: A-C, P. Loubry (MNHN/CNRS); D, L. Cazes (MNHN/CNRS).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="C33D6547FFFAE41AFF3CFC43FE7FF85F" pageId="28" pageNumber="521" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFAE41AFF3CFC43FE94FC1E" blockId="28.[130,777,917,1645]" box="[132,277,917,943]" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">
<smallCapsWord id="8D7EA010FFFAE41AFF3CFC43FE94FC1E" baselines="936,936" box="[132,277,917,943]" lowerCaseFontSize="8" mainFontSize="11" normCase="title" normString="Description" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">DESCRIPTION</smallCapsWord>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFAE41AFF3CFC63FEE7F9DE" blockId="28.[130,777,917,1645]" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">
Bulbous protoconch of one whorl.Teleoconch up to
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFFAE41AFD1EFC62FC86FC7C" box="[678,775,948,975]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" pageId="28" pageNumber="521" unit="mm" value="20.5">20.5 mm</quantity>
in height, up to
<quantity id="4CDF9B29FFFAE41AFE84FC02FE15FC5C" box="[316,404,980,1007]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="28" pageNumber="521" unit="mm" value="7.5">7.5 mm</quantity>
in width, subfusiform in profile, composed of six whorls. Moderately high spire. Last whorl up to 74% of total length. Apical angle 61°. Spiral sculpture with moderately marked primary cords. First whorl: no cord. Second whorl: appearance of P2. Third whorl: appearance of P1 (weaker than P2) and s2. Fourth and fifth whorl: no change. Sixth whorl: P1 to P6, s1; P6 not atrophied; ADP, MP and ABP on siphonal canal. From first whorl to second whorl: ten protovarices. On third whorl: seven protovarices. Fourth whorl: appearance of varices; three varices and one intervarix intercalated. From fifth to sixth whorl: no change. Higher relief of intervarices on P2. Varices sublamellose. Appearance of short P1 spine on third whorl. Abapically spinelets from P1 to P6 and ADP. Ovate aperture up to 34% of diameter and up to 74% of length of last whorl (including siphonal canal). Columellar lip smooth, narrow, poorly erect anteriorly, forming curved inductura at base. Parietal lip slightly adherent. Outer lip with developed denticles including ID, D1 to D6. Outer lip not crenulate. Siphonal canal open, straight, up to 47% of aperture length. Pseudoumbilicus narrow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFAE41AFF3CF944FE9EF918" blockId="28.[130,775,1682,2028]" box="[132,287,1682,1708]" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9836CCFFFAE41AFF3CF964FE7FF85F" blockId="28.[130,775,1682,2028]" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">
This species can be compared to other Priabonian and Rupelian species from Northern Europe (
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFFAE41AFDB6F904FDF6F95F" box="[526,631,1746,1772]" name="Germany" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">Germany</collectingCountry>
) and Eastern Europe (
<collectingCountry id="F330765CFFFAE41AFF58F924FEBAF8BF" box="[224,315,1778,1804]" name="Ukraine" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">Ukraine</collectingCountry>
) with which it shares a narrow shape. It differs from
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFAE41AFF5FF8C4FDABF89F" authority="(von Koenen, 1890)" baseAuthorityName="von Koenen" baseAuthorityYear="1890" box="[231,554,1810,1836]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="28" pageNumber="521" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="detritus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFAE41AFF5FF8C4FECAF89F" box="[231,331,1810,1836]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">T detritus</emphasis>
(von Koenen, 1890)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFAE41AFD8CF8C4FF45F8FF" authority="(Steuer, 1912)" baseAuthorityName="Steuer" baseAuthorityYear="1912" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="28" pageNumber="521" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="arenarius">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFAE41AFD8CF8C4FD2FF898" box="[564,686,1810,1835]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">T. arenarius</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFAE41AFD04F8C4FF3DF8FF" author="STEUER A." pageId="28" pageNumber="521" pagination="1 - 65" refId="ref48658" refString="STEUER A. 1912. - Marine Conchylien aus dem Mainzer Becken, I. Abhandlungen der Grossherzoglich Hessischen Geologischen Landeshanstalt zu Darmstadt 6 (1): 1 - 65." type="journal article" year="1912">Steuer, 1912</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFAE41AFF47F8E4FD9DF8FF" authority="Pacaud (2018)" authorityName="Pacaud" authorityYear="2018" box="[255,540,1841,1868]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="28" pageNumber="521" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="danapris">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFAE41AFF47F8E4FEF7F8F8" box="[255,374,1841,1867]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">T. danapris</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFAE41AFEC5F8E7FD9DF8FF" author="PACAUD J. - M." box="[381,540,1841,1868]" pageId="28" pageNumber="521" pagination="107 - 116" refId="ref48075" refString="PACAUD J. - M. 2018. - Timbellus danapris n. sp., une espece nouvelle de Muricidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda) du Priabonien (Eocene superieur) de Dnipro (Oblast de Dnipropetrovsk, Ukraine). Novapex 19 (4): 107 - 116." type="journal article" year="2018">Pacaud (2018)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
in having finer spiral cords. The spiral sculpture resembles more that of
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFAE41AFD32F884FEBFF838" authority="Pacaud, 2018" authorityName="Pacaud" authorityYear="2018" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="28" pageNumber="521" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="priabonicus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFAE41AFD32F884FF22F838" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">T. priabonicus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFAE41AFF13F8A7FEBFF838" author="PACAUD J. - M." box="[171,318,1905,1931]" pageId="28" pageNumber="521" pagination="107 - 116" refId="ref48075" refString="PACAUD J. - M. 2018. - Timbellus danapris n. sp., une espece nouvelle de Muricidae (Mollusca, Gastropoda) du Priabonien (Eocene superieur) de Dnipro (Oblast de Dnipropetrovsk, Ukraine). Novapex 19 (4): 107 - 116." type="journal article" year="2018">Pacaud, 2018</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(nom. n. for
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFAE41AFE6CF8A4FF3EF818" authority="von Koenen, 1889" authorityName="von Koenen" authorityYear="1889" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Murex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="28" pageNumber="521" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="trialatus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFAE41AFE6CF8A4FDF4F838" box="[468,629,1905,1931]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">Murex trialatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFB64B3DFFFAE41AFDC4F8A4FF3EF818" author="VON KOENEN A." pageId="28" pageNumber="521" pagination="1 - 280" refId="ref49077" refString="VON KOENEN A. 1889. - Das Norddeutsche Unter-Oligocan und seine Mollusken-Fauna. Abhandlungen zur geologischen Specialkarte von Preussen und den Thuringischen Staaten 10 (1): 1 - 280." type="journal article" year="1889">von Koenen, 1889</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFAE41AFF70F844FF6EF818" box="[200,239,1938,1963]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">non</emphasis>
G. B. Sowerby (II), 1834), but
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFAE41AFD80F844FD48F818" authorityName="Pacaud" authorityYear="2018" box="[568,713,1937,1963]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="28" pageNumber="521" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="priabonicus">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFAE41AFD80F844FD48F818" box="[568,713,1937,1963]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">T. priabonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
bears strongly developed P1 and P2 spines, whereas only P1 spine is developed in
<taxonomicName id="4C274D4FFFFAE41AFE94F804FE3AF858" authorityName="Merle &amp; Pacaud &amp; Ledon &amp; Goret" authorityYear="2024" box="[300,443,2001,2027]" class="Gastropoda" family="Muricidae" genus="Timbellus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neogastropoda" pageId="28" pageNumber="521" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="radulfiensis" status="n. sp.">
<emphasis id="B953EADEFFFAE41AFE94F804FE3AF858" box="[300,443,2001,2027]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="521">T. radulfiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26057A5FFFAE41AFE7BF804FE7FF85F" box="[451,510,2002,2028]" pageId="28" pageNumber="521" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>