From a3b9ea8bacc363db0994bc3d8fe243430f87bb4f Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: ggserver Date: Thu, 5 Dec 2024 18:22:39 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] Add updates up until 2024-12-05 18:17:35 --- .../09/2D5B0914DF005EE5AFAAB83CB8E34A25.xml | 698 ++++++++++++++++++ .../18/4697183C21D45B0A80C04C9479E5AF3F.xml | 696 +++++++++++++++++ .../48/5A82483D63F05BB68C9093828835ED67.xml | 73 ++ .../32/5B8C32C0FA0A5A19B876E44AB594FED5.xml | 627 ++++++++++++++++ .../FD/64F5FD74BCED5435B0C21FD8D00AF3ED.xml | 517 +++++++++++++ 5 files changed, 2611 insertions(+) create mode 100644 data/2D/5B/09/2D5B0914DF005EE5AFAAB83CB8E34A25.xml create mode 100644 data/46/97/18/4697183C21D45B0A80C04C9479E5AF3F.xml create mode 100644 data/5A/82/48/5A82483D63F05BB68C9093828835ED67.xml create mode 100644 data/5B/8C/32/5B8C32C0FA0A5A19B876E44AB594FED5.xml create mode 100644 data/64/F5/FD/64F5FD74BCED5435B0C21FD8D00AF3ED.xml diff --git a/data/2D/5B/09/2D5B0914DF005EE5AFAAB83CB8E34A25.xml b/data/2D/5B/09/2D5B0914DF005EE5AFAAB83CB8E34A25.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7ba3df5268b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/2D/5B/09/2D5B0914DF005EE5AFAAB83CB8E34A25.xml @@ -0,0 +1,698 @@ + + + +Integrative taxonomic revision of the Nearctic Perilampus hyalinus species complex (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Perilampidae) resolves 100 years of confusion about the host associations of P. hyalinus Say + + + +Author + +Yoo, Jeong Jae +0000-0002-4269-6953 +Department of Natural History, Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queen’s Park, Toronto, Ontario, M 5 S 2 C 6, Canada & Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Ontario, M 5 S 3 B 2, Canada + + + +Author + +Darling, D. Christopher +0000-0002-1207-7967 +Department of Natural History, Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queen’s Park, Toronto, Ontario, M 5 S 2 C 6, Canada & Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Ontario, M 5 S 3 B 2, Canada + +text + + +Journal of Hymenoptera Research + + +2024 + +2024-12-05 + + +97 + + +1301 +1383 + + + +journal article +10.3897/jhr.97.133255 +99F8596D-B97C-4E63-9C20-4BF550CC8E6D + + + + + +Perilampus pilosus +Yoo & Darling + +sp. nov. + + + + +Figs 14 +, +15 + + + + +Type locality. + + +USA +, +Texas +, +3.5 mi +SE La Sauceda. + + + + +Type material. + + + + + +Holotype + +. + +“ +USA +, +Texas +, + +Presidio Co. +Big Bend Ranch + +SNA McGuirks Tanks on desert willows + +12. V. 1990 + +, +R +Wharton ”. The +holotype +is point-mounted (Female +ROME 182765 +, + +TAMU + +). + +BOLD +: +AEF 0151 + +/ +ITS 2 +. + +ROM +Online Collection + +. + + + + + +Paratypes + +. + +USA +: +3 females +, +3 males +. +Arizona +: +2 females +. Graham Co., Pinaleno Mountains, Ash Creek near Cluff Ranch Wildlife Area, +14 km +SW +Pima, + +32 ° 47.69 ' N +, +109 ° 51.42 ' W + +: ( +1 female +: +ROME +152679 - + +CNC + +; +ITS +2). Pinaleno Mountains, Gilespie Wash, +10 km +W Jct. 191 on hwy 266, + +32 ° 33 ' 91 " N, +109 ° 45 ' 59 " W + +: ( +1 female +: +ROME +182819 - + +USNM + +; + +BOLD +: +AEF +0151 + +). +California +: +1 female +, +1 male +. San Bernardino Co., Joshua Tree N. P., 29 Palms, +JTNP +, Oasis of Mara, + +34 ° 07 ' 42 " N +, +116 ° 02 ' 19 " W + +: ( +1 female +: +ROME +189067 - + +UCRC + +; +COI +; +ITS +2. +1 male +: +ROME +189068 - + +UCRC + +; + +BOLD +: +AEF +0151 + +; +ITS +2). +Texas +: +2 males +. Presidio Co., Big Bend Ranch SNA, McGuirks Tanks: ( +1 male +: +ROME +182761 - +TAMU +; + +BOLD +: +AEF +0151 + +; +ITS +2). Big Bend Ranch SNA, McGuirks Tanks, + +29 ° 28 ' 34 " N +, +103 ° 49 ' 12 " W + +: ( +1 male +: +ROME +182757 - +TAMU +; + +BOLD +: +AEF +0151 + +; +ITS +2). + + + + +Material examined. + + +Mexico +: +5 females +. +USA +: +19 females +, +29 males +. (Suppl. materials). + + + + +Additional material examined. + + +Mexico +: +1 female +. +Sonora +: +1 female +. ( +1 female +: +ROME +189096 - + +UCDC + +). + + + + +Etymology. + + +The specific epithet is the Latin adjective + +pilosus + +(hairy), in reference to the densely setose face. + + + + +Description. + + +Female +(Figs +14 +, +15 A +). Length: 3.0– +4.4 mm +. Color: head, mesosoma, and metasoma iridescent greenish blue or violet with or without weak cupreous mesonotum (Fig. +14 B +), or iridescent green with strong cupreous mesonotum (Fig. +15 A +); clypeus ventral margin black (Fig. +14 I +); antenna with scape and pedicel weakly iridescent greenish blue or violet, flagellum brown or black, lighter ventrad and distad. + + + + + + + +Perilampus pilosus + +Female +A +habitus, lateral view +B +habitus, dorsal view +C +lateral lobe of mesoscutum along notaulus +D +lateral panel of pronotum, posterior oblique view +E +parascutal carina +F +axilla +G +head, dorsal view +H +head, anterior view +I +lower face +J +head, lateral view +K +mesoscutellum apex +L +mesofemoral depression. [ +A, H +Holotype, ROME 182765; +B, C, E – G, L +Paratype, ROME 182819; +I, J +Paratype, ROME 189067; +K +ROME 189129; +L +Paratype, ROME 152679]. Scale bar: 1 mm ( +A +). + + + +Head (Fig. +14 G – J +): in dorsal view transverse, width slightly greater than twice length, +HW +/ +HL +2.1–2.2. Frontal carina: in anterior view straight to weakly sinuate below midlevel of eye; in dorsal view gradually narrowed +V +shape around median ocellus, +FC +/ + +MOD + +1.5–1.9; distance from lateral ocellus short to long + +FCLO + +/ +LOD +0.6–1.0. Scrobal cavity (Fig. +14 H +): in anterior view wide, +SW +/ +HW +about 0.5. Ocelli (Fig. +14 G +): a line between anterior margin of lateral ocelli nearly bisecting median ocellus or reaching posterior margin of median ocellus. +POL +/ +OOL +1.8–2.0. Ocellar ratios +LOD +: +POL +: +OOL +: +LOL +1, 2.9–3.5, 1.6–1.8, 1.1–1.4. Vertex: with strong to weak transverse striations, without large piliferous punctures. Parascrobal area: in lateral view gradually narrowed towards lower eye margin; width narrow, +PSW +/ +EL +0.2–0.3; sculpture strongly to weakly striate, without large piliferous punctures. Gena (Fig. +14 J +): entirely striate along outer eye margin, striate posterad. Malar space: +MSL +/ +EH +about 0.2. Lower face (Fig. +14 H, I +): with setae dense and widely distributed laterad torulus, and dense below. Clypeus (Fig. +14 I +): +CW +/ + +CH + +1.4–1.5; ventral margin concave; setae evenly distributed, or with small bare area without setae medially. + + +Mesosoma (Fig. +14 B – F, K, L +): Lateral panel of pronotum: about as wide as prepectus, +LPP +/ +PPT +0.8–0.9; without flange below level of mesothoracic spiracle in posterior oblique view (Fig. +14 D +). Mesofemoral depression: smooth or weakly imbricate (Fig. +14 L +). Mesoscutum: punctures angulate, with narrow or slightly wide and weakly coriarious interspaces (Fig. +14 B +); lateral lobe smooth or weakly coriarious along notaulus (Fig. +14 C +); parascutal carina broadly curved, acuminate (Fig. +14 E +). Mesoscutellum: apex with inner margins gradually diverging (Fig. +14 K +); punctures angulate, with narrow or slightly wide and weakly coriarious interspaces. Axilla (Fig. +14 F +): in lateral view imbricate dorsad and rugose-areolate or carinate ventrad. Axillula: smooth dorsad. Fore wing: stigma small, 2.0–2.5 × as wide as postmarginal vein. + + +Male +(Fig. +15 B – G +). Length: usually smaller, +2.3–3.1 mm +. As in female, except: Color: mesonotum with strong or weak cupreous iridescence. Frontal carina: distance from lateral ocellus as wide or shorter, + +FCLO + +/ +LOD +0.5–0.6. Scape: pits sparse, covering 0.3–0.4 × scape length. + + + + +Diagnosis. + + + +Perilampus pilosus + +can be distinguished by the combination of an advanced median ocellus (Figs +14 G +, +15 D +cf. Figs +8 G +, +9 D +), dense and widely distributed setae on the face (Figs +14 H +, +15 C +cf. Figs +8 H +, +9 C +), lateral panel of the pronotum without a flange (Fig. +14 D +cf. Fig. +16 D +), and the sparsely pitted male scape (Fig. +15 F, G +cf. Fig. +17 G, H +). + +Perilampus pilosus + +specimens with cupreous mesonota are superficially similar to + +P. sonora + +(Fig. +15 A +cf. Fig. +22 B +) but differ in having dense setae laterad of the torulus (Figs +14 I +, +15 E +cf. Figs +22 I +, +23 E +). + + + + + + + +Perilampus pilosus + +Female +A +habitus, dorsal view. Male +B +habitus, lateral view +C +head, anterior view +D +head, dorsal view +E +lower face +F, G +scape. [ +A +Paratype, ROME 189067; +B +Paratype, ROME 152727; +C, D, F +Paratype, ROME 182757; +E +Paratype, ROME 152714; +G +Paratype, ROME 152725]. Scale bars: 1 mm ( +B +); 100 μm ( +F, G +). + + + + + +Distribution + + + +(Fig. +25 F +). + +Southwestern and central +USA +, and western and southern +Mexico +: +USA +( +California +, +New Mexico +, +Texas +), +Mexico +( +Baja California Sur +, +Morelos +, +Sonora +). + + + + +Host association. + + + +Perilampus pilosus + +is a hyperparasitoid, parasitizing dipteran parasitoids of +Lepidoptera +. Hosts: +Tachinidae +( +Diptera +). + +Chaetogena +sp. + +from + +Hemileuca juno +Packard + +( +Saturniidae +). + + + + +Variation. + + +A female from +Sonora +, +Mexico +( +ROME +189096) has the frontal carina close to the lateral ocellus ( + +FCLO + +/ OD about 0.5) and iridescent olivaceous head. + + + + +Remarks. + + +This species is supported by both genes (Fig. +1 +, Suppl. material +5 +), and there are five BINed specimens on +BOLD +( +AEF +0151) from the western and central +USA +. All specimens except ( +ROME +189067) are grouped as a monophyletic clade in +COI +(Suppl. material +2 +). The low +COI +sequence quality in +ROME +189067 likely caused its exclusion from the monophyletic clade as evidenced by poor peak shapes in a chromatogram. All specimens including +ROME +189067 are grouped as monophyletic with both +ITS +2 and concatenated datasets (Fig. +1 +, Suppl. material +2 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/46/97/18/4697183C21D45B0A80C04C9479E5AF3F.xml b/data/46/97/18/4697183C21D45B0A80C04C9479E5AF3F.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..738536b9e38 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/46/97/18/4697183C21D45B0A80C04C9479E5AF3F.xml @@ -0,0 +1,696 @@ + + + +Integrative taxonomic revision of the Nearctic Perilampus hyalinus species complex (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Perilampidae) resolves 100 years of confusion about the host associations of P. hyalinus Say + + + +Author + +Yoo, Jeong Jae +0000-0002-4269-6953 +Department of Natural History, Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queen’s Park, Toronto, Ontario, M 5 S 2 C 6, Canada & Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Ontario, M 5 S 3 B 2, Canada + + + +Author + +Darling, D. Christopher +0000-0002-1207-7967 +Department of Natural History, Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queen’s Park, Toronto, Ontario, M 5 S 2 C 6, Canada & Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Ontario, M 5 S 3 B 2, Canada + +text + + +Journal of Hymenoptera Research + + +2024 + +2024-12-05 + + +97 + + +1301 +1383 + + + +journal article +10.3897/jhr.97.133255 +99F8596D-B97C-4E63-9C20-4BF550CC8E6D + + + + + +Perilampus ute +Yoo & Darling + +sp. nov. + + + + +Figs 18 +, +19 + + + + +Type locality. + + +USA +, +Colorado +, Idledale. + + + + +Type material. + + + + + +Holotype + +. + +“ +USA +, +Colorado +, +Jefferson Co. +, +Idledale +, +Sawmill Gulch +, + +1981 m + +, + +39 ° 40 ' N +, +105 ° 14 ' W + +, + +20–27. viii. 2001 + +, Malaise, Irwin, Lambkin, Metz & Hauser ”. +The +holotype +is point-mounted ( +Female +ROME 182768 +, + +TAMU + +). + +BOLD +: +AEE 9091 + +/ +ITS 2 +. + +ROM +Online Collection. + + + + + + +Paratypes + +. + +USA +: +3 females +, +1 male +. +Arizona +: +1 female +. Cochise Co., Coronado National Forest, Huachuca Mts., Copper Canyon, + +31 ° 21 ' 44 " N +, +110 ° 18 ' 02 " W + +: ( +1 female +: +ROME +182763 - +TAMU +; + +BOLD +: +AEE +9091 + +; +ITS +2). +California +: +1 male +. San Bernardino Co., Kellers Peak, + +34 ° 12 ' 22 " N +, +117 ° 02 ' 36 " W + +: ( +1 male +: +ROME +182781 - + +UCRC + +; + +BOLD +: +AEO +1509 + +; +ITS +2). +Colorado +: +1 female +. Jefferson Co., Idledale, Sawmill Gulch, + +39 ° 40 ' N +, +105 ° 14 ' W + +: ( +1 female +: +ROME +182768 - +TAMU +; + +BOLD +: +AEE +9091 + +; +ITS +2). +New Mexico +: +1 female +. Grant Co., +14 mi +N Silver City, Cherry Creek Campground, + +32 ° 54.8 ' N +, +108 ° 13.6 ' W + +: ( +1 female +: +ROME +152676 - + +CNC + +; + +BOLD +: +AEE +9091 + +; +ITS +2). + + + + +Material examined. + + +USA +: +9 females +, +5 males +. (Suppl. materials). + + + + +Additional material examined. + + +Mexico +: +1 male +. +Jalisco +: +1 male +. ( +1 male +: +ROME +200745 - + +HNHM + +). +USA +: +1 male +. +California +: +1 male +. Mono Co., Golden Gate Mine, +4.6 mi +NW Walker: ( +1 male +: +ROME +201998 - + +CAS + +). + + + + +Etymology. + + +The specific epithet is a noun in apposition — a reference to the Ute, indigenous people of the Great Basin regions of present-day +Utah +and +Colorado +where the +holotype +was collected. + + + + +Description. + + +Female +(Fig. +18 +). Length: 3.0– +3.5 mm +. Color: head iridescent greenish blue or violet; mesosoma and metasoma iridescent greenish blue or violet; clypeus ventral margin black (Fig. +18 I +); antenna with scape and pedicel weakly iridescent greenish blue or violet, flagellum brown or black, lighter ventrad and distad. + + + + + + + +Perilampus ute + +Female +A +habitus, lateral view +B +habitus, dorsal view +C +lateral lobe of mesoscutum along notaulus +D, E +lateral panel of pronotum, posterior oblique view +F +axilla +G +head, dorsal view +H +head, anterior view +I +lower face +J +head, lateral view +K +mesoscutellum apex +L +mesofemoral depression. [ +A, C, D, F, G, H +Holotype, ROME 182768; +B, E, I – L +Paratype, ROME 182763]. Scale bar: 1 mm ( +A +). + + + +Head (Fig. +18 G – J +): in dorsal view transverse, width slightly greater than twice length, +HW +/ +HL +2.1–2.2. Frontal carina: in anterior view straight to weakly sinuate below midlevel of eye; in dorsal view gradually narrowed +V +shape around median ocellus, +FC +/ + +MOD + +about 1.5; distance from lateral ocellus short, + +FCLO + +/ +LOD +0.5–0.6. Scrobal cavity (Fig. +18 H +): in anterior view wide, +SW +/ +HW +about 0.5. Ocelli (Fig. +18 G +): a line between anterior margin of lateral ocelli reaching anterior margin of median ocellus. +POL +/ +OOL +1.7–1.9. Ocellar ratios +LOD +: +POL +: +OOL +: +LOL +1, 2.7–3.1, 1.5–1.8, 1.1–1.2. Vertex: with strong to weak transverse striations, without large piliferous punctures. Parascrobal area: in lateral view gradually narrowed towards lower eye margin; width narrow, +PSW +/ +EL +0.2–0.3; sculpture strongly to weakly striate, without large piliferous punctures. Gena: mostly striate along outer eye margin with narrow and short smooth area, striate behind. Malar space: +MSL +/ +EH +about 0.2. Lower face (Fig. +18 H, I +): with setae sparse or dense and narrowly distributed laterad torulus, and sparse or dense below. Clypeus (Fig. +18 I +): +CW +/ + +CH + +about 1.4; ventral margin concave; setae evenly distributed, or with small bare area without setae medially. + + +Mesosoma (Fig. +18 B – F, K, L +): Lateral panel of pronotum: about as wide or wider than prepectus, +LPP +/ +PPT +0.8–1.1; usually with large triangular flange below level of mesothoracic spiracle in posterior oblique view (Fig. +18 D +, arrow). Mesofemoral depression: usually smooth, rarely weakly rugulose or weakly imbricate ventrad (Fig. +18 E +). Mesoscutum: punctures angulate, with narrow and weakly coriarious interspaces (Fig. +18 B +); lateral lobe smooth along notaulus (Fig. +18 C +), rarely coriarious; parascutal carina broadly curved, acuminate. Mesoscutellum: apex with inner margins gradually diverging (Fig. +18 K +); punctures angulate, with narrow and weakly coriarious interspaces. Axilla: in lateral view imbricate dorsad and carinate ventrad. Axillula: smooth dorsad. Fore wing: stigma small, 2.0–2.5 × as wide as postmarginal vein. + + +Male +(Fig. +19 +). Length: usually smaller, +2.6–2.9 mm +. As in female, except: Color: black coloration often present between frontal carina and lateral ocellus, and mesonotum almost entirely black with weak bluish iridescence mesad (Fig. +19 F +) or rarely green with weak cupreous iridescence laterad. Frontal carina: distance from lateral ocellus shorter, + +FCLO + +/ +LOD +0.3–0.4. Scape (Fig. +19 H, I +): pits dense, covering about 0.3–0.4 × scape length. + + + + + + + +Perilampus ute + +Male +A +habitus, lateral view +B, C +lateral panel of pronotum, posterior oblique view +D +head, anterior view +E +head, dorsal view +F +habitus, dorsal view +G +lateral lobe of mesoscutum along notaulus +H, I +Scape. [ +A, B, D – F, H +Paratype, ROME 182781; +C, G, I +Paratype, ROME 198139]. Scale bars: 1 mm ( +A +); 100 μm ( +H, I +). + + + + + +Diagnosis. + + + +Perilampus ute + +can usually be distinguished by the lateral panel of pronotum with an expanded triangular flange in posterior oblique view (Figs +18 D +, +19 B, C +cf. Figs +16 D +, +17 B +) and densely pitted male scape (Fig. +19 H, I +cf. Fig. +15 F, G +). Females rarely have a small flange on a pronotum as in + +P. seneca + +(Fig. +18 E +, arrow), but can be reliably differentiated from the latter by the lack of black coloration between the frontal carina and lateral ocellus (Fig. +18 G +cf. Fig. +16 G +, arrow). Males can be confused with + +P. seneca + +with an expanded triangular flange on the pronotum in posterior oblique view but can be distinguished by the lack of cupreous iridescence on the mesonotum (Fig. +19 F +cf. Fig. +17 E +). + +Perilampus ute + +is restricted to the southwestern and central +USA +and the range of + +P. seneca + +extends to southeastern +Canada +and eastern +USA +. + + + + +Distribution + + + +(Fig. +25 F +). + +Southwestern and southcentral +USA +, and possibly western +Mexico +: +USA +( +Arizona +, +California +, +Colorado +, +New Mexico +, +Utah +), +Mexico +( +Jalisco +). + + + + +Host association. + + + +Perilampus ute + +is a hyperparasitoid, parasitizing dipteran parasitoids of +Lepidoptera +. Hosts: +Tachinidae +( +Diptera +), + +Lespesia aletiae +(Riley) + +from + +Apatelodes pudefacta +Dyar + +( +Apatelodidae +). + + + + +Variation. + + +An unsequenced male from +California +( +ROME +201998) has a greenish iridescence along the midline of a mesonotum with a weak cupreous iridescence laterad. + + + + +Remarks. + + + +Perilampus ute + +is recovered as monophyletic (Fig. +1 +), but the molecular species delimitation methods identify the specimen from +California +( +ROME +182781) as a unique molecular taxonomic unit in +COI +while merging it with the eastern specimens in +ITS +2 (Suppl. materials +2 +, +5 +). This is likely due to the relatively large genetic divergence in +COI +between +ROME +182781 and the eastern specimens (1.7–2.0 %), possibly a result of reduced gene flow between disjoint coastal and eastern inland glacial refugia in +California +(Roberts and Hamann 2015) prior to range re-expansion of the parasitoid populations. There are currently two unique BINs on +BOLD +assigned for +five specimens +of this species: AEO 1509 for the specimen from +California +( +ROME +182781) and AEE 9091 for the +four specimens +from the more eastern regions. The color of the mesonotum is used to differentiate the males of + +P. ute + +from those of + +P. seneca +. + +However, more thorough genetic sampling is required because only a single male from +California +has been sequenced and there are no sequenced + +P. seneca + +specimens from the southwestern +USA +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/5A/82/48/5A82483D63F05BB68C9093828835ED67.xml b/data/5A/82/48/5A82483D63F05BB68C9093828835ED67.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9f236c1c9fe --- /dev/null +++ b/data/5A/82/48/5A82483D63F05BB68C9093828835ED67.xml @@ -0,0 +1,73 @@ + + + +Integrative taxonomic revision of the Nearctic Perilampus hyalinus species complex (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Perilampidae) resolves 100 years of confusion about the host associations of P. hyalinus Say + + + +Author + +Yoo, Jeong Jae +0000-0002-4269-6953 +Department of Natural History, Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queen’s Park, Toronto, Ontario, M 5 S 2 C 6, Canada & Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Ontario, M 5 S 3 B 2, Canada + + + +Author + +Darling, D. Christopher +0000-0002-1207-7967 +Department of Natural History, Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queen’s Park, Toronto, Ontario, M 5 S 2 C 6, Canada & Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Ontario, M 5 S 3 B 2, Canada + +text + + +Journal of Hymenoptera Research + + +2024 + +2024-12-05 + + +97 + + +1301 +1383 + + + +journal article +10.3897/jhr.97.133255 +99F8596D-B97C-4E63-9C20-4BF550CC8E6D + + + + +Genus + +Perilampus +Latreille, 1809 + + + + + + + + +Taltonos +Argaman, 1990 + + +(subjective synonym, + +Darling, 1996 + +). + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/5B/8C/32/5B8C32C0FA0A5A19B876E44AB594FED5.xml b/data/5B/8C/32/5B8C32C0FA0A5A19B876E44AB594FED5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a800bec3ab2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/5B/8C/32/5B8C32C0FA0A5A19B876E44AB594FED5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,627 @@ + + + +Integrative taxonomic revision of the Nearctic Perilampus hyalinus species complex (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Perilampidae) resolves 100 years of confusion about the host associations of P. hyalinus Say + + + +Author + +Yoo, Jeong Jae +0000-0002-4269-6953 +Department of Natural History, Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queen’s Park, Toronto, Ontario, M 5 S 2 C 6, Canada & Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Ontario, M 5 S 3 B 2, Canada + + + +Author + +Darling, D. Christopher +0000-0002-1207-7967 +Department of Natural History, Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queen’s Park, Toronto, Ontario, M 5 S 2 C 6, Canada & Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Ontario, M 5 S 3 B 2, Canada + +text + + +Journal of Hymenoptera Research + + +2024 + +2024-12-05 + + +97 + + +1301 +1383 + + + +journal article +10.3897/jhr.97.133255 +99F8596D-B97C-4E63-9C20-4BF550CC8E6D + + + + + +Perilampus arcus +Yoo & Darling + +sp. nov. + + + + +Figs 20 +, +21 + + + + +Type locality. + + +USA +, +West Virginia +, Hardy County, +3 mi +NE Mathias. + + + + +Type material. + + + + + +Holotype + +. + +“ +WEST VIRGINIA +: +Hardy Co. + +3 mi +NE Mathias + +38.9098 +, +- 78.8881 +, + +14–31. VII. 2007 + +, Malaise David +R +. Smith ”. The +holotype +is point-mounted (Female +ROME 189051 +, + +USNM + +). + +BOLD +: +AEE 7608 + +/ +ITS 2 +. + +ROM +Online Collection + +. + + + + + +Paratypes + +. + +Canada +: +1 male +. +Ontario +: +1 male +. Norfolk Co., Normandale Fish Hatchery, + +42 ° 43 ' 08 " N +, +80 ° 20 ' 23 " W + +: ( +1 male +: +ROME +198214 - + +CNC + +; + +BOLD +: +AEE +7608 + +; +ITS +2). +USA +: +5 females +. +Kentucky +: +1 female +. Jessamine Co., S. of Nicholasville, + +37 ° 47 ' 04 " N +, +84 ° 34 ' 11 " W + +: ( +1 female +: +ROME +158551 - +ROME +; + +BOLD +: +AEE +7608 + +). +West Virginia +: +4 females +. Hardy Co., +3 mi +NE Mathias, +38.9098 +, +- 78.8881 +: ( +4 females +: +ROME +185944 - + +USNM + +; + +BOLD +: AEE 7608 + +; +ITS +2; +ROME +189050 - + +USNM + +; +ITS +2; +ROME +189052 - + +USNM + +; + +BOLD +: AEE 7608 + +; +ITS +2; +ROME +189131 - + +USNM + +; +ITS +2). + + + + +Material examined. + + +Canada +: +2 females +, +1 male +. +USA +: +6 females +, +1 male +. (Suppl. materials). + + + + +Etymology. + + +The specific epithet is the Latin noun + +arcus + +(arch), in reference to the steeply curved parascutal carina. + + + + +Description. + + +Female +(Fig. +20 +). Length: 2.7–4.0 mm. Color: head iridescent greenish blue or violet; mesosoma and metasoma iridescent greenish blue or violet; clypeus ventral margin black (Fig. +20 I +); antenna with scape and pedicel weakly iridescent greenish blue or violet, flagellum brown or black, lighter ventrad and distad. + + + + + + + +Perilampus arcus + +Female +A +habitus, lateral view +B +habitus, dorsal view +C +lateral lobe of mesoscutum along notaulus +D +lateral panel of pronotum, posterior oblique view +E +parascutal carina +F +axilla +G +head, dorsal view +H +head, anterior view +I +lower face +J +head, lateral view +K +mesoscutellum apex +L +mesofemoral depression. [ +A, D, E +Holotype, ROME 189051; +B, C, H, J, L +Paratype, ROME 185944; +F +Paratype, ROME 189050; +G +Paratype, ROME 158551; +I, K +Paratype, ROME 189131]. Scale bar: 1 mm ( +A +). + + + +Head (Fig. +20 G – J +): in dorsal view transverse, width slightly greater than twice length, +HW +/ +HL +2.1–2.2. Frontal carina: in anterior view straight to weakly sinuate below midlevel of eye; in dorsal view gradually narrowed +V +shape around median ocellus, +FC +/ + +MOD + +1.5–1.6; distance from lateral ocellus short, + +FCLO + +/ +LOD +0.5–0.6. Scrobal cavity (Fig. +20 H +): in anterior view wide, +SW +/ +HW +about 0.5. Ocelli (Fig. +20 G +): a line between anterior margin of lateral ocelli reaching anterior margin of median ocellus. +POL +/ +OOL +1.6–1.9. Ocellar ratios +LOD +: +POL +: +OOL +: +LOL +1, 2.5–2.9, 1.6–1.8, 0.8–1.0. Vertex: with strong to weak transverse striations, without large piliferous punctures. Parascrobal area: in lateral view gradually narrowed towards lower eye margin; width narrow, +PSW +/ +EL +0.2–0.3; sculpture strongly to weakly striate, without large piliferous punctures. Gena (Fig. +20 J +): mostly striate along outer eye margin with narrow and short smooth area, striate behind. Malar space: +MSL +/ +EH +about 0.2. Lower face (Fig. +20 H, I +): with setae sparse or dense and narrowly distributed laterad torulus, and usually sparse below. Clypeus (Fig. +20 I +): +CW +/ + +CH + +1.3–1.4; ventral margin concave; setae evenly distributed, or with small bare area without setae medially. + + +Mesosoma (Fig. +20 B – F, K, L +): Lateral panel of pronotum: slightly narrower than prepectus, +LPP +/ +PPT +0.7–0.8; usually with small triangular flange below level of mesothoracic spracle in posterior oblique view (Fig. +20 D +, arrow). Mesofemoral depression: usually smooth, rarely weakly rugulose or weakly imbricate ventrad (Fig. +20 L +). Mesoscutum: punctures angulate, with narrow and weakly coriarious interspaces (Fig. +20 B +); lateral lobe smooth or weakly punctate along notaulus (Fig. +20 C +); parascutal carina steeply curved, often weakly flanged (Fig. +20 E +, arrow). Mesoscutellum: apex with inner margins gradually (Fig. +20 K +) or abruptly diverging; punctures angulate, with narrow and weakly coriarious interspaces. Axilla (Fig. +20 F +): in lateral view imbricate dorsad and carinate ventrad. Axillula: smooth dorsad. Fore wing: stigma small, 2.0–2.5 × as wide as postmarginal vein. + + +Male +(Fig. +21 +). Length: usually smaller, +3.1–3.5 mm +. As in female, except: Color: mesonotum sometimes with weak cupreous iridescence. Frontal carina: distance from lateral ocellus shorter, + +FCLO + +/ +LOD +0.3–0.4. Scape (Fig. +21 G, H +): pits dense, covering about 0.4 × scape length. + + + + + + + +Perilampus arcus + +Male +A +habitus, lateral view +B +lateral panel of pronotum, parascutal carina, and axilla +C +head, anterior view +D +head, dorsal view +E +lower face +F +lateral lobe of mesoscutum along notaulus +G, H +scape. [ +A – E, G +Paratype, ROME 185954; +F, H +Paratype, ROME 198214]. Scale bars: 1 mm ( +A +); 100 μm ( +G, H +). + + + + + +Diagnosis. + + +The steeply curved parascutal carina often with a flange distinguishes + +P. arcus + +from the majority of the species of the + +P. hyalinus + +species complex (Figs +20 E +, +21 B +cf. Figs +16 E +, +17 B +). + +Perilampus sirsiris + +also has a similar parascutal carina (Figs +6 F +, +7 B +), but it is always steeply curved in + +P. arcus + +and usually angulate in + +P. sirsiris + +(Fig. +20 E +cf. Fig. +6 F +). + +Perilampus arcus + +also differs from + +P. sirsiris + +by having the lateral panel of pronotum with a small triangular flange in posterior oblique view (Fig. +20 D +, arrow cf. Fig. +6 D, E +) and a male scape with a densely pitted surface (Fig. +21 G, H +cf. Fig. +7 F, G +). In addition to the shape of the parascutal carina, sparser setae on the lower face usually distinguish + +P. arcus + +from + +P. seneca + +(Figs +20 I +, +21 C +cf. Figs +16 I +, +17 C +), which also has a small triangular flange on the pronotum (Figs +16 D +, +17 B +) and a densely pitted male scape (Fig. +17 G, H +). + + + + +Distribution + + + +(Fig. +25 E +). + +Southeastern +Canada +and eastern +USA +, possibly southcentral +USA +: +Canada +( +Ontario +), +USA +( +Arkansas +, +Kentucky +, +Ohio +, +West Virginia +, +Wisconsin +). + + + + +Host association. + +Unknown. + + + +Remarks. + + +This species is supported by both genes (Fig. +1 +, Suppl. material +5 +), and there are five BINed specimens on +BOLD +( +AEE +7608) from eastern +Canada +and +USA +. A single female was collected in +Arkansas +, indicating that the range of + +P. arcus + +may include the southern +USA +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/64/F5/FD/64F5FD74BCED5435B0C21FD8D00AF3ED.xml b/data/64/F5/FD/64F5FD74BCED5435B0C21FD8D00AF3ED.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..62ed0053bf9 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/64/F5/FD/64F5FD74BCED5435B0C21FD8D00AF3ED.xml @@ -0,0 +1,517 @@ + + + +Integrative taxonomic revision of the Nearctic Perilampus hyalinus species complex (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Perilampidae) resolves 100 years of confusion about the host associations of P. hyalinus Say + + + +Author + +Yoo, Jeong Jae +0000-0002-4269-6953 +Department of Natural History, Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queen’s Park, Toronto, Ontario, M 5 S 2 C 6, Canada & Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Ontario, M 5 S 3 B 2, Canada + + + +Author + +Darling, D. Christopher +0000-0002-1207-7967 +Department of Natural History, Royal Ontario Museum, 100 Queen’s Park, Toronto, Ontario, M 5 S 2 C 6, Canada & Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Toronto, Ontario, M 5 S 3 B 2, Canada + +text + + +Journal of Hymenoptera Research + + +2024 + +2024-12-05 + + +97 + + +1301 +1383 + + + +journal article +10.3897/jhr.97.133255 +99F8596D-B97C-4E63-9C20-4BF550CC8E6D + + + + + +Perilampus crassus +Yoo & Darling + +sp. nov. + + + + +Figs 12 +, +13 + + + + +Type locality. + + +USA +, +Florida +, Gainesville. + + + + +Type material. + + + + + +Holotype + +. + +“ +USA +: FL: Alachua Co.: nr. +Gainesville +airport, + +45 m + + +29 ° 42 ' 0 " N +, +82 ° 15 ' 40 " W + + +2. Oct. 2016 + +A. Baker +, +A. Knyshov +, +J. Zhang +swp AB 16.028 ". The +holotype +is point-mounted (Female +ROME 182771 +, + +UCRC + +). + +BOLD +: +AEE 9250 + +/ +ITS 2 +. + +ROM +Online Collection + +. + + + + + +Paratypes + +. + +USA +: +1 female +, +2 males +. +Florida +: +1 female +, +2 males +. Putnam Co., Ordway-Swisher Biol. Station, Rd. C 6: ( +1 female +: +ROME +189115 - + +MCZC + +; + +BOLD +: AEE 9250 + +; +ITS +2. +2 males +: +ROME +189062 - + +MCZC + +; +ITS +2; +ROME +189063 - + +MCZC + +; + +BOLD +: +AEE +9250 + +; +ITS +2). + + + + +Material examined. + + +USA +: +9 females +, +4 males +. (Suppl. materials). + + + + +Additional material examined. + + +Cuba +: +1 female +. ( +1 female +: +ROME +189093 – + +USNM + +). + + + + +Etymology. + + +The specific epithet is the Latin adjective + +crassus + +(coarse), in reference to the punctate sculpture on the lateral lobes of the mesoscutum along notaulus. + + + + +Description. + + +Female +(Fig. +12 +). Length: 3.0– +4.8 mm +. Color: head iridescent greenish blue or violet; mesosoma and metasoma iridescent greenish blue or violet; clypeus ventral margin entirely iridescent (Fig. +12 I +); antenna with scape and pedicel weakly iridescent greenish blue or violet, flagellum brown or black, lighter ventrad and distad. + + + + + + + +Perilampus crassus + +Female +A +habitus, lateral view +B +habitus, dorsal view +C +lateral lobe of mesoscutum along notaulus +D +lateral panel of pronotum, posterior oblique view +E +parascutal carina +F +axilla +G +head, dorsal view +H +head, anterior view +I +lower face +J +head, lateral view +K +mesoscutellum apex +L +mesofemoral depression. [ +A – H, J, L +Holotype, ROME 182771 +I +Paratype, ROME 189085 +K +Paratype, ROME 189115]. Scale bar: 1 mm ( +A +). + + + +Head (Fig. +12 G – J +): in dorsal view transverse, width slightly greater than twice length, +HW +/ +HL +2.1–2.2. Frontal carina: in anterior view straight to weakly sinuate below midlevel of eye; in dorsal view gradually narrowed +V +shape around median ocellus, +FC +/ + +MOD + +1.5–1.7; distance from lateral ocellus short, + +FCLO + +/ +LOD +0.6–0.7. Scrobal cavity: in anterior view wide, +SW +/ +HW +about 0.5. Ocelli (Fig. +12 G +): a line between anterior margin of lateral ocelli reaching anterior margin of median ocellus or nearly bisecting median ocellus. +POL +/ +OOL +1.7–2.1. Ocellar ratios +LOD +: +POL +: +OOL +: +LOL +1, 3.1–3.4, 1.5–1.9, 1.1–1.3. Vertex: with strong to weak transverse striations, without large piliferous punctures. Parascrobal area: in lateral view gradually narrowed towards lower eye margin; width narrow, +PSW +/ +EL +about 0.3; sculpture strongly to weakly striate, without large piliferous punctures. Gena (Fig. +12 J +): entirely striate along outer eye margin, striate posterad. Malar space: +MSL +/ +EH +0.2–0.3. Lower face (Fig. +12 H, I +): with setae sparse laterad torulus, and usually sparse below. Clypeus: +CW +/ + +CH + +about 1.4; ventral margin nearly straight; setae evenly distributed, or with small bare area without setae medially. + + +Mesosoma (Fig. +12 B – F, K, L +): Lateral panel of pronotum: about as wide as prepectus, +LPP +/ +PPT +about 0.9; without flange below level of mesothoracic spiracle in posterior oblique view (Fig. +12 D +). Mesofemoral depression: smooth, rugulose, weakly imbricate, or imbricate-alveolate (Fig. +12 L +). Mesoscutum: punctures angulate, with narrow or slightly wide and weakly coriarious interspaces (Fig. +12 B +); lateral lobe strongly punctate with coriarious or smooth interspaces along notaulus (Fig. +12 C +); parascutal carina broadly curved, acuminate (Fig. +12 E +). Mesoscutellum: apex with inner margins gradually or abruptly diverging (Fig. +12 K +); punctures angulate, with narrow or slightly wide and weakly coriarious interspaces. Axilla: in lateral view imbricate dorsad and rugose-areolate (Fig. +12 F +) or carinate ventrad. Axillula: smooth dorsad. Fore wing: stigma small, 2.0–2.5 × as wide as postmarginal vein. + + +Male +(Fig, 13). Length: usually smaller, 3.0– +3.8 mm +. As in female, except: Frontal carina (Fig. +13 D +): distance from lateral ocellus as wide or shorter, + +FCLO + +/ +LOD +0.5–0.6. Scape (Fig. +13 G, H +): pits sparse, covering about 0.3 × scape length. + + + + + + + +Perilampus crassus + +Male +A +habitus, lateral view +B +lateral panel of pronotum, parascutal carina, and axilla, posterior oblique view +C +head, anterior view +D +head, dorsal view +E +lower face +F +lateral lobe of mesoscutum along notaulus +G, H +scape. [ +A, B, G +Paratype, ROME 189063; +C, E, F +Paratype, ROME 189062; +H +Paratype, ROME 189117]. Scale bars: 1 mm ( +A +); 100 μm ( +G, H +). + + + + + +Diagnosis. + + + +Perilampus crassus + +can be distinguished by a weakly iridescent and nearly straight ventral margin of clypeus (Figs +12 I +, +13 E +cf. Figs +8 I +, +18 I +). Also, the lateral lobe of mesoscutum is more strongly punctate along the notaulus than in the other species with punctate sculpture (Figs +12 C +, +13 F +cf. Figs +4 C +, +5 F +, +8 C +, +9 F +). + + + + +Distribution + + + +(Fig. +25 A +). + +Central and southern +USA +: +USA +( +Arkansas +, +Florida +, +Kansas +, +New Mexico +, +Texas +). Possibly +Cuba +. + + + + +Host association. + +Hosts unknown. + + + +Remarks. + + +This species is supported by both genes (Fig. +1 +, Suppl. material +5 +), and there are three BINed specimens on +BOLD +( +AEE +9250) from Florida. Only specimens from Florida were successfully sequenced and the degree of intraspecific genetic variability in this species is unclear. A single specimen collected from avocado fruit imported from +Cuba +( +ROME +189093) suggests that the distribution of + +P. crassus + +extends to the Greater Antilles. + + + + \ No newline at end of file