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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.84.67049" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f8c67e0b-5cf1-43aa-8aa7-a578f859ecc2" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2607-84-45" ID-Pensoft-UUID="19A43C0DD9905702BE84DD38EA8CC1DD" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5349425" ID-ZooBank="4E9D0FF660864824B30F352A8398CA75" ModsDocID="1314-2607-84-45" checkinTime="1629847249622" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Bogusch, Petr" docDate="2021" docId="8DC61E2A956654A38FE3FE247FB4EE01" docLanguage="en" docName="JourHymenoptRes 84: 45-68" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 84" docPubDate="2021-08-24" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.84.67049" docTitle="Epeolus priesneri Bogusch 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="06083783-AEA3-43F2-A281-8EFA39156E9C" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="4" id="19A43C0DD9905702BE84DD38EA8CC1DD" lastPageNumber="45" masterDocId="19A43C0DD9905702BE84DD38EA8CC1DD" masterDocTitle="The cuckoo bees of the genus Epeolus Latreille, 1802 (Hymenoptera, Apidae) from the Middle East and North Africa with descriptions of two new species" masterLastPageNumber="68" masterPageNumber="45" pageNumber="45" updateTime="1678755962998" updateUser="pensoft">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>The cuckoo bees of the genus Epeolus Latreille, 1802 (Hymenoptera, Apidae) from the Middle East and North Africa with descriptions of two new species</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Bogusch, Petr</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4554-6141</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanskeho 62, CZ- 500 03 Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">bogusch.petr@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2021-08-24</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>84</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>45</mods:start>
<mods:end>68</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.84.67049</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.84.67049</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2607-84-45</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">4E9D0FF660864824B30F352A8398CA75</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">19A43C0DD9905702BE84DD38EA8CC1DD</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">5349425</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="184941456" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:06083783-AEA3-43F2-A281-8EFA39156E9C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8DC61E2A956654A38FE3FE247FB4EE01" lastPageNumber="45" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="45" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/06083783-AEA3-43F2-A281-8EFA39156E9C" authority="Bogusch, 2021" authorityName="Bogusch" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Epeolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epeolus priesneri" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="priesneri" status="sp. nov.">Epeolus priesneri</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="45">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="45" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Epeolus priesneri sp. nov. a, c-h holotype, female b, i paratype, male a, b habitus, dorsal view c head, frontal view d labrum, frontal view e mesosoma, dorsal view f mesopleuron, lateral view g metasoma, dorsal view h ventral view i pygidium, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (a-c, e-h); 0.1 mm (d, i)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.84.67049.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/579297" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Figure 2</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="45" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-01-01" collectingDateMax="2021-12-31" collectingDateMin="2021-01-01" collectorName="H. Priesner" country="Egypt" location="Egypt" specimenCount="♀" typeStatus="Holotype">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<specimenCount>♀</specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry name="Egypt">Egypt</collectingCountry>
: Gebel Elba, date unknown,
<collectorName>H. Priesner</collectorName>
leg. (KUBC).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1953-03-11" collectorName="K. M. Guichard" country="Chad" location="Zouar" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Tibesti" typeStatus="Paratypes">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
<typeStatus>Paratypes</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingCountry name="Chad">Chad</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingRegion country="Chad" name="Tibesti">Tibesti</collectingRegion>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8DC61E2A956654A38FE3FE247FB4EE01:C71B4B2F54160E4092CCAFF0725C3B67" country="Chad" name="Zouar" stateProvince="Tibesti">Zouar</location>
,
<collectingDate value="1953-03-11">11.3.1953</collectingDate>
, (
<specimenCount type="male">1 ♂</specimenCount>
),
<collectorName>K. M. Guichard</collectorName>
leg. (KUBC)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1995-04-20" collectingDateMax="2017-04-22" collectingDateMin="1995-04-20" collectorName="M. Halada, Road Nr., M. Snizek" country="Morocco" location="Agdz" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
<collectingCountry name="Morocco">Morocco</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
:
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="km" value="20.0">20 km</quantity>
east of
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8DC61E2A956654A38FE3FE247FB4EE01:B1E9F6AB1DEE5DE03ADA220726CFEDB6" country="Morocco" name="Agdz">Agdz</location>
,
<collectingDate value="1995-04-20">20.4.1995</collectingDate>
, (
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
),
<collectorName>M. Halada</collectorName>
leg. (OLML);
<collectorName>Road Nr.</collectorName>
110
<locationDeviation firstLocation="Er Rashida" secondLocation="Goulmina">between Er Rashida and Goulmina</locationDeviation>
,
<collectingDate value="2017-04-22">22.4.2017</collectingDate>
, (
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
),
<collectorName>
M.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Snížek">Snizek</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
leg. (OLML)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="45" type="differential diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
This species is probably closely related to
<taxonomicName family="Apidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="E. flavociliatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" rank="species" species="flavociliatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">E. flavociliatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with which it shares the following morphological features: very small labral tubercles positioned near the apex, flat and shiny labrum (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Epeolus priesneri sp. nov. a, c-h holotype, female b, i paratype, male a, b habitus, dorsal view c head, frontal view d labrum, frontal view e mesosoma, dorsal view f mesopleuron, lateral view g metasoma, dorsal view h ventral view i pygidium, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (a-c, e-h); 0.1 mm (d, i)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.84.67049.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/579297" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">2d</figureCitation>
), complete apical bands on the metasomal terga and elongate axillar spines (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Epeolus priesneri sp. nov. a, c-h holotype, female b, i paratype, male a, b habitus, dorsal view c head, frontal view d labrum, frontal view e mesosoma, dorsal view f mesopleuron, lateral view g metasoma, dorsal view h ventral view i pygidium, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (a-c, e-h); 0.1 mm (d, i)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.84.67049.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/579297" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">2a</figureCitation>
). Both males and females of
<taxonomicName family="Apidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="E. priesneri" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" rank="species" species="priesneri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">E. priesneri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be easily identified by the yellow clypeus (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Epeolus priesneri sp. nov. a, c-h holotype, female b, i paratype, male a, b habitus, dorsal view c head, frontal view d labrum, frontal view e mesosoma, dorsal view f mesopleuron, lateral view g metasoma, dorsal view h ventral view i pygidium, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (a-c, e-h); 0.1 mm (d, i)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.84.67049.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/579297" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">2c</figureCitation>
), which is unique among the species of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Epeolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epeolus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Epeolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from North Africa and the Middle East.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bogusch" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Epeolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epeolus priesneri" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="priesneri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Epeolus priesneri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be separated from
<taxonomicName family="Apidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="E. flavociliatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" rank="species" species="flavociliatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">E. flavociliatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the densely punctate mesoscutellum (in
<taxonomicName family="Apidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="E. flavociliatus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" rank="species" species="flavociliatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">E. flavociliatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the mesoscutellum is sparsely punctate), from both
<taxonomicName family="Apidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="E. subrufescens" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" rank="species" species="subrufescens">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">E. subrufescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName family="Apidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="E. aureovestitus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" rank="species" species="aureovestitus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">E. aureovestitus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which are both sometimes similarly coloured (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Epeolus priesneri sp. nov. a, c-h holotype, female b, i paratype, male a, b habitus, dorsal view c head, frontal view d labrum, frontal view e mesosoma, dorsal view f mesopleuron, lateral view g metasoma, dorsal view h ventral view i pygidium, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (a-c, e-h); 0.1 mm (d, i)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.84.67049.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/579297" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">2c</figureCitation>
), by the position and size of labral tubercles (which are larger and more submedial in position in
<taxonomicName family="Apidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="E. aureovestitus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" rank="species" species="aureovestitus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">E. aureovestitus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName family="Apidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="E. subrufescens" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" rank="species" species="subrufescens">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">E. subrufescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), from
<taxonomicName family="Apidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="E. subrufescens" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" rank="species" species="subrufescens">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">E. subrufescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also by the shape of mesoscutellum, and from also
<taxonomicName family="Apidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="E. aureovestitus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" rank="species" species="aureovestitus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">E. aureovestitus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the uninterrupted metasomal bands (interrupted in
<taxonomicName family="Apidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="E. aureovestitus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" rank="species" species="aureovestitus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">E. aureovestitus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="5349435" doi="10.3897/jhr.84.67049.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/579297" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bogusch" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Epeolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epeolus priesneri" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="priesneri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Epeolus priesneri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">a, c-h</emphasis>
holotype, female
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">b, i</emphasis>
paratype, male
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">a, b</emphasis>
habitus, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">c</emphasis>
head, frontal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">d</emphasis>
labrum, frontal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">e</emphasis>
mesosoma, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">f</emphasis>
mesopleuron, lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">g</emphasis>
metasoma, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">h</emphasis>
ventral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">i</emphasis>
pygidium, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">a-c, e-h</emphasis>
); 0.1 mm (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">d, i</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="45" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Female.</emphasis>
Body length: 7.5 mm (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Epeolus priesneri sp. nov. a, c-h holotype, female b, i paratype, male a, b habitus, dorsal view c head, frontal view d labrum, frontal view e mesosoma, dorsal view f mesopleuron, lateral view g metasoma, dorsal view h ventral view i pygidium, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (a-c, e-h); 0.1 mm (d, i)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.84.67049.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/579297" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">2a</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Head</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Length to width ratio = 1.3. Mandible yellow, mandibular apex and preapical tooth dark brown (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Epeolus priesneri sp. nov. a, c-h holotype, female b, i paratype, male a, b habitus, dorsal view c head, frontal view d labrum, frontal view e mesosoma, dorsal view f mesopleuron, lateral view g metasoma, dorsal view h ventral view i pygidium, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (a-c, e-h); 0.1 mm (d, i)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.84.67049.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/579297" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">2c</figureCitation>
). Labrum yellow, semitransparent, shiny, coarsely and sparsely punctate, subapically with pair of small teeth separated by medial shallow emargination, sides convex (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Epeolus priesneri sp. nov. a, c-h holotype, female b, i paratype, male a, b habitus, dorsal view c head, frontal view d labrum, frontal view e mesosoma, dorsal view f mesopleuron, lateral view g metasoma, dorsal view h ventral view i pygidium, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (a-c, e-h); 0.1 mm (d, i)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.84.67049.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/579297" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">2d</figureCitation>
). Clypeus yellow, shiny and with very fine and dense punctation in the middle, interspaces smaller or similar as puncture diameter. Lateral parts of clypeus with punctation of similar size but very sparse with large interspaces. Face with yellow base at clypeus, then to interorbital tubercle black, with dense whitish hair around antennal socket, and with well-developed frontal keel. Vertex with fine and sparse punctures, interspaces shiny and greater than puncture diameters. Gena with a prominent, lamella-like preoccipital carina. Antenna reddish, only scape, pedicel and F1 completely yellow, last two flagellomeres with brownish colour partly. Flagellomeres slightly shorter than wide (L/W ratio = 0.9), F2 a little longer than other flagellomeres (L/W ratio = 1) (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Epeolus priesneri sp. nov. a, c-h holotype, female b, i paratype, male a, b habitus, dorsal view c head, frontal view d labrum, frontal view e mesosoma, dorsal view f mesopleuron, lateral view g metasoma, dorsal view h ventral view i pygidium, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (a-c, e-h); 0.1 mm (d, i)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.84.67049.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/579297" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">2c</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Mesosoma</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Pronotum reddish-brown and entirely obscured by yellowish tomentum. Mesoscutum black with yellowish tomentum, with dense punctation, interspaces narrower than puncture diameters. Mesoscutellum reddish, round, densely and coarsely punctate, punctures slightly larger than on the mesoscutum, axillar tooth (free portion of axilla) long and acute, slightly longer than mesoscutellum. Mesoscutellum with posterior margin extending over propodeum (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Epeolus priesneri sp. nov. a, c-h holotype, female b, i paratype, male a, b habitus, dorsal view c head, frontal view d labrum, frontal view e mesosoma, dorsal view f mesopleuron, lateral view g metasoma, dorsal view h ventral view i pygidium, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (a-c, e-h); 0.1 mm (d, i)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.84.67049.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/579297" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">2e</figureCitation>
). Propodeum black, very finely sculptured on the top, the rest shiny, and laterally with yellowish tomentum. Mesopleuron reddish, entirely obscured with dense yellowish tomentum, coarsely and densely punctate, with interspaces shiny and similar in size to puncture diameters (but ill visible under the tomentum) (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Epeolus priesneri sp. nov. a, c-h holotype, female b, i paratype, male a, b habitus, dorsal view c head, frontal view d labrum, frontal view e mesosoma, dorsal view f mesopleuron, lateral view g metasoma, dorsal view h ventral view i pygidium, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (a-c, e-h); 0.1 mm (d, i)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.84.67049.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/579297" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">2f</figureCitation>
). Wings brownish with dark brown venation. Legs light reddish or orange, tibial spurs on middle and hind legs yellow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Metasoma</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Metasoma entirely reddish. T1 finely and sparsely punctate, interspaces shiny and larger than puncture diameters. T1-T4 with entire bands of tomentum. T2-T4 densely but finely punctate with shiny interspaces and ill-developed depressions. T5 shiny with very fine and dense punctation, whitish tomentum on sides, pseudopygidial area short, with silver pubescence (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Epeolus priesneri sp. nov. a, c-h holotype, female b, i paratype, male a, b habitus, dorsal view c head, frontal view d labrum, frontal view e mesosoma, dorsal view f mesopleuron, lateral view g metasoma, dorsal view h ventral view i pygidium, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (a-c, e-h); 0.1 mm (d, i)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.84.67049.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/579297" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">2f</figureCitation>
). T6 reddish with slightly curved apex, bearing reddish pygidial plate, which is not very wide, with long brownish hair. S2 coarsely and densely punctate, interspaces narrower than puncture diameters or similar in width. Other sterna more finely and densely punctate. S5 wide and straight (see from side) (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Epeolus priesneri sp. nov. a, c-h holotype, female b, i paratype, male a, b habitus, dorsal view c head, frontal view d labrum, frontal view e mesosoma, dorsal view f mesopleuron, lateral view g metasoma, dorsal view h ventral view i pygidium, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (a-c, e-h); 0.1 mm (d, i)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.84.67049.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/579297" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">2g</figureCitation>
). Processes on sides of S6 normal, with short projections, reddish.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Male.</emphasis>
Body length: 7 mm (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Epeolus priesneri sp. nov. a, c-h holotype, female b, i paratype, male a, b habitus, dorsal view c head, frontal view d labrum, frontal view e mesosoma, dorsal view f mesopleuron, lateral view g metasoma, dorsal view h ventral view i pygidium, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (a-c, e-h); 0.1 mm (d, i)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.84.67049.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/579297" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">2b</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Head</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Length to width ratio = 1.27. Mandible yellow, mandibular apex and preapical tooth dark brown. Labrum similar to that of female. Clypeus yellow, shiny and with very fine and dense punctation in the middle, interspaces smaller or similar as puncture diameter. Lateral parts of clypeus with punctation of similar size but very sparse with large interspaces. Frons black, with dense whitish hair around antennal socket, and with well-developed frontal keel. Vertex with fine and sparse punctures, interspaces shiny and greater than puncture diameters. Antenna reddish, only scape, pedicel and F1 completely yellow, last four flagellomeres darker, brownish. Flagellomeres slightly shorter than wide (L/W ratio = 0.85), F2 longer than other flagellomeres (L/W ratio = 1.4).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Mesosoma</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Pronotum black and entirely obscured by yellowish tomentum. Mesoscutum black with yellowish tomentum, with dense punctation, interspaces narrower than puncture diameters. Mesoscutellum reddish, round, densely and coarsely punctate, punctures slightly larger than on the mesoscutum, axillar tooth (free portion of axilla) long and acute, slightly longer than mesoscutellum. Mesoscutellum with posterior margin extending over propodeum. Propodeum black, very finely sculptured and shiny in the middle, and laterally with yellowish tomentum. Mesopleuron black with reddish macula in the middle, entirely obscured with dense yellowish tomentum, coarsely and densely punctate, with interspaces shiny and similar in size to puncture diameters. Wings brownish with dark brown venation. Legs light reddish or orange, only coxae black, tibial spurs on middle and hind legs yellow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Metasoma</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Metasoma reddish except base of T1. T1 finely and sparsely punctate, interspaces shiny and larger than puncture diameters. T1-T6 with entire bands of tomentum. T2-T4 densely but finely punctate with shiny interspaces and ill-developed depressions. T7 (pygidium) reddish with large punctures (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Epeolus priesneri sp. nov. a, c-h holotype, female b, i paratype, male a, b habitus, dorsal view c head, frontal view d labrum, frontal view e mesosoma, dorsal view f mesopleuron, lateral view g metasoma, dorsal view h ventral view i pygidium, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm (a-c, e-h); 0.1 mm (d, i)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.84.67049.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/579297" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">2i</figureCitation>
). S2 finely and densely punctate, interspaces narrower than puncture diameters or similar in width. Other sterna more finely and densely punctate. S2-S3 with white tomentum on apex, S4-S5 with prominent thick yellowish hair on apex.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="45" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="45">
The species is named in dedication to Hermann Priesner (1891-1974), Austrian entomologist, specialist on
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Heteroptera">Heteroptera</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" rank="order">Thysanoptera</taxonomicName>
, and the person who collected the holotype. The epithet
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bogusch" authorityYear="2021" class="Insecta" family="Apidae" genus="Epeolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Epeolus priesneri" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="priesneri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Epeolus priesneri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is masculine and declined in the genitive case.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="45" type="ecology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Host and floral associations are unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="45" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="45">Only four specimens were found in collections, two from Morocco, one from Egypt and Chad (Tibesti Mts.). The species probably occurs in North Africa and in Sahara, distribution south of the Sahara and in the nearest countries in Asia and South Europe is likely but yet unconfirmed.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.55.35682" ID-GBIF-Dataset="2d8b9780-ff44-445d-a275-c813d05775a7" ID-PMC="PMC6609996" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-4049-55-59" ID-PubMed="31303813" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2019" ModsDocID="1314-4049-55-59" ModsDocOrigin="MycoKeys 55" ModsDocTitle="Extensive sampling and high-throughput sequencing reveal Posidoniomycesatricolor gen. et sp. nov. (Aigialaceae, Pleosporales) as the dominant root mycobiont of the dominant Mediterranean seagrass Posidoniaoceanica" checkinTime="1561619010070" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Vohnik, Martin, Borovec, Ondrej, Kolarikova, Zuzana, Sudova, Radka &amp; Reblova, Martina" docDate="2019" docId="8DC644221D9F7331E98EB4C9958E06E1" docLanguage="en" docName="MycoKeys 55: 59-86" docOrigin="MycoKeys 55" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.55.35682" docTitle="Posidoniomyces atricolor Vohnik &amp; Reblova, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="59" masterDocId="E46CD93BFF9DFFC0FF9FFFF1FFDE6957" masterDocTitle="Extensive sampling and high-throughput sequencing reveal Posidoniomycesatricolor gen. et sp. nov. (Aigialaceae, Pleosporales) as the dominant root mycobiont of the dominant Mediterranean seagrass Posidoniaoceanica" masterLastPageNumber="86" masterPageNumber="59" pageNumber="59" updateTime="1668136270765" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>Extensive sampling and high-throughput sequencing reveal Posidoniomycesatricolor gen. et sp. nov. (Aigialaceae, Pleosporales) as the dominant root mycobiont of the dominant Mediterranean seagrass Posidoniaoceanica</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Vohnik, Martin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Borovec, Ondrej</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Kolarikova, Zuzana</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Sudova, Radka</mods:namePart>
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<mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Reblova, Martina</mods:namePart>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="158407448" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8DC644221D9F7331E98EB4C9958E06E1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8DC644221D9F7331E98EB4C9958E06E1" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
<taxonomicName LSID="MB830267" authority="Vohnik &amp; Reblova" class="Dothideomycetes" family="Aigialaceae" genus="Posidoniomyces" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Posidoniomyces atricolor" order="Pleosporales" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="atricolor">
Posidoniomyces atricolor
<normalizedToken originalValue="Vohník">Vohnik</normalizedToken>
&amp;
<normalizedToken originalValue="Réblová">Reblova</normalizedToken>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="59">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figs 5, 6
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="typification">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Typification.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
CROATIA. Dubrovnik-Neretva County: Potomje, Borak (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="42.92236">42.92236N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="17.34685">17.34685E</geoCoordinate>
), isolated from a surface-sterilised healthy-looking terminal root of
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Posidoniaceae" genus="Posidonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Posidonia oceanica" order="Alismatales" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oceanica">Posidonia oceanica</taxonomicName>
, 28 Sep 2016, M.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Vohník">Vohnik</normalizedToken>
&amp; O.Borovec BRK-21 (holotype: PRA-15294!, dried culture - compact morphotype from a surface-sterilised root segment; isotype: PRA-15295!, dried culture - mycelial morphotype derived from the original compact colony).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
<taxonomicName genus="Atricolor" lsidName="Atricolor" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="genus">Atricolor</taxonomicName>
(L), meaning black, dark coloured, referring to the dark pigmented hyphae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Description in culture.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
Mycelial colonial morphotype: Colonies on PCA 6-8 mm in diameter in 3 mo, circular, convex, appearing woolly, margin entire, aerial mycelium abundant, densest at the centre, cobwebby towards the margin, white to grey with a pale brown zone at the margin, colony surface with a dark brown hue formed by substrate mycelium and released pigment; reverse brown. Compact colonial morphotype: Colonies on PCA 5-6 mm in diameter in 8 mo, irregular, pulvinate, deeply furrowed, appearing mucoid-waxy to faintly floccose, of a
<normalizedToken originalValue="“cartilage”">&quot;cartilage&quot;</normalizedToken>
consistency, become hollow upon aging, margin lobate, aerial mycelium scant, hyaline to pale brown, colony surface dark brown; reverse dark brown. Compact colonies, which are formed in vitro on sterilised roots of
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. oceanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="oceanica">P. oceanica</taxonomicName>
, become irregular in shape, folded and furrowed in an almost cerebriform pattern, cacao brown, ca. 5-6 mm long on the longest side after several months of cultivation. Hyphae hyaline to pale brown, septate, smooth-walled and 2
<normalizedToken originalValue="–3(–">-3(-</normalizedToken>
3.5)
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
wide, often with terminal, intercalary, rarely with lateral, one-celled, thick-walled globose, subglobose to ellipsoidal swellings 10-14
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
wide; hyphae frequently protrude from these swellings and continue growing. Surface of the compact colonies covered by hyaline to subhyaline, smooth-walled hyphae with terminal, capitate swellings. Chlamydospores, conidiogenous cells or conidia, ascomatal initials and ascomata not observed.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Description in vivo.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
In vivo hyphae pigmented, septate, smooth-walled and (2
<normalizedToken originalValue="–)3–4(–">-)3-4(-</normalizedToken>
5)
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
wide, colonising root cells of the host and/or forming an extraradical hyphal sheath, i.e. a finger-like pseudoparenchymatous net on the root surface.
<taxonomicName genus="Microsclerotia" lsidName="Microsclerotia" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="genus">Microsclerotia</taxonomicName>
intracellular, melanised, round or elongated and 8
<normalizedToken originalValue="–10(–">-10(-</normalizedToken>
17)
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
wide, present in the
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. oceanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="oceanica">P. oceanica</taxonomicName>
root hypodermis. Intracellular hyphae also infrequently occur in the rhizodermis.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
Croatia. Dubrovnik-Neretva County: Potomje, Borak (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="42.92236">42.92236N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="17.34685">17.34685E</geoCoordinate>
), isolated from surface-sterilised healthy-looking terminal roots of
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. oceanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="oceanica">P. oceanica</taxonomicName>
, 28 Sep 2016, M.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Vohník">Vohnik</normalizedToken>
&amp; O.Borovec BRK-11 (PRA-15296); ibid., BRK-25 (PRA-15298); BRK-34 (PRA-15297); BRK-60 (PRA-15300); BRK-61 (PRA-15293); BRK-76 (PRA-15302); BRK-87 (PRA-15299); BRK-93 (PRA-15301), BRK-97 (PRA-15303). Croatia. Split-Dalmatia County:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Palagruža">Palagruza</normalizedToken>
archipelago, Gangaro Island I (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="43.8639">43.8639N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="15.4341">15.4341E</geoCoordinate>
), isolated from a surface-sterilised healthy-looking terminal root of
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. oceanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="oceanica">P. oceanica</taxonomicName>
, 3 September 2012, M.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Vohník">Vohnik</normalizedToken>
&amp; O.Borovec M8. France.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Provence-Alpes-Côte">Provence-Alpes-Cote</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Azur">d'Azur</normalizedToken>
Region: Var Department,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Saint-Raphaël">Saint-Raphael</normalizedToken>
, Cap Roux (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="43.45026">43.45026N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="6.91951">6.91951E</geoCoordinate>
), isolated from a surface-sterilised healthy-looking terminal root of
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. oceanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="oceanica">P. oceanica</taxonomicName>
, 17 June 2012, M.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Vohník">Vohnik</normalizedToken>
P10. France.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Provence-Alpes-Côte">Provence-Alpes-Cote</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Azur">d'Azur</normalizedToken>
Region: Alpes-Maritimes Department, Antibes (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="43.55726">43.55726N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="7.12209">7.12209E</geoCoordinate>
), isolated from a surface-sterilised healthy-looking terminal root of
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. oceanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="oceanica">P. oceanica</taxonomicName>
, 18 June 2012, M.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Vohník">Vohnik</normalizedToken>
P11. France.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Provence-Alpes-Côte">Provence-Alpes-Cote</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Azur">d'Azur</normalizedToken>
Region: Var Department, Sanary-sur-Mer (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="43.12054">43.12054N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="5.77545">5.77545E</geoCoordinate>
), isolated from a surface-sterilised healthy-looking terminal root of
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. oceanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="oceanica">P. oceanica</taxonomicName>
, 19 June 2012, M.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Vohník">Vohnik</normalizedToken>
P15. Italy. Liguria Region: Savona Province, Gulf of Genoa, Finale Ligure (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="44.17337">44.17337N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="8.36765">8.36765E</geoCoordinate>
), isolated from a surface-sterilised healthy-looking terminal root of
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. oceanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="oceanica">P. oceanica</taxonomicName>
, 17 June 2012, M.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Vohník">Vohnik</normalizedToken>
P09. Spain. Girona Province:
<normalizedToken originalValue="L’Escala">L'Escala</normalizedToken>
(
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="42.10744">42.10744N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="3.16892">3.16892E</geoCoordinate>
), isolated from a surface-sterilised healthy-looking terminal root of
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. oceanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="oceanica">P. oceanica</taxonomicName>
, 18 June 2012, M.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Vohník">Vohnik</normalizedToken>
P20.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="habitat">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Habitat and distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
Root mycobiont of the dominant and endemic Mediterranean seagrass
<taxonomicName class="Liliopsida" family="Posidoniaceae" genus="Posidonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Posidonia oceanica" order="Alismatales" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oceanica">Posidonia oceanica</taxonomicName>
. So far known only from the NW Mediterranean Sea.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
Both colonial morphotypes, named compact and mycelial, appeared on surface-sterilised root segments of
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. oceanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="oceanica">P. oceanica</taxonomicName>
and after inoculation also on solid agar media but the compact colonies with the cerebriform pattern formed only on the original root segments. All examined colonies of
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. atricolor" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="atricolor">P. atricolor</taxonomicName>
emerging from the original root segments developed from melanised microsclerotia formed exclusively intracellularly in the
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. oceanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="oceanica">P. oceanica</taxonomicName>
hypodermis (Figure 5d, h). The mycelial morphotype was observed on MMN and PCA, while compact colonies were formed on PDA and PCA (
<bibRefCitation author="Vohnik, M" journalOrPublisher="Microbial Ecology" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" pagination="442 - 451" title="Communities of cultivable root mycobionts of the seagrass Posidoniaoceanica in the northwest Mediterranean Sea are dominated by a hitherto undescribed pleosporalean dark septate endophyte." url="https://doi.org/10.1007/s00248-015-0640-5" volume="71" year="2016">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Vohník">Vohnik</normalizedToken>
et al. 2016
</bibRefCitation>
; this study). When the surface of a colony exhibiting the compact colonial morphotype was washed regularly with sterile tap water, fragments of hyphae were released to form minute daughter colonies (Figure 6e). These daughter colonies were either of a rhizoidal form composed of substrate mycelium and continued to develop the mycelial morphotype or they assumed the compact colony character from the beginning (Figure 6f). A new hypha was often formed through the globose swelling, regardless of its position on the hypha (Figures 6
<normalizedToken originalValue="i–k">i-k</normalizedToken>
).
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
Figure 5. In vivo root colonisation pattern and in vitro cultural aspects of
<taxonomicName class="Dothideomycetes" family="Aigialaceae" genus="Posidoniomyces" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Posidoniomyces atricolor" order="Pleosporales" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="atricolor">Posidoniomyces atricolor</taxonomicName>
. a In vivo colonisation on the root surface (arrows) and in the hypodermis (asterisks) of
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. oceanica" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="oceanica">P. oceanica</taxonomicName>
bDSE colonisation on the root surface c germinating microsclerotia stained with trypan blue (arrows) d compact colony developed from microsclerotia (arrow) e surface-sterilised root segments yielding
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. atricolor" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="atricolor">P. atricolor</taxonomicName>
compact colonies (black arrows), sometimes with substrate mycelium (white arrows) f compact colonial morphotype g mycelial colonial morphotype h mycelial morphotype developing from microsclerotia (arrows) in transversal section. Scale bars: 20
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(a, b), 50
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(c), 100
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(d), 200
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(f, h), 500
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(g).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
Figure 6. Colonial morphotypes of
<taxonomicName class="Dothideomycetes" family="Aigialaceae" genus="Posidoniomyces" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Posidoniomyces atricolor" order="Pleosporales" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="atricolor">Posidoniomyces atricolor</taxonomicName>
in vitro (type isolate BRK-21). a Compact morphotype with substrate mycelium b, d compact colonies with a cerebriform pattern c colony of
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. atricolor" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="atricolor">P. atricolor</taxonomicName>
on PCA e rhizoidal and compact (arrow) daughter colonies on PCA washed with sterile tap water f detail of the colonies encircled in e; g, h terminal capitate swellings on the surface of compact colonies
<normalizedToken originalValue="i–k">i-k</normalizedToken>
conspicuous swellings on aerial mycelium. Scale bars: 500
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(a, d), 1000
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(b, c), 5 mm (e), 200
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(f), 100
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(g), 20
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
(h).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>