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<mods:title id="16B4DF7FA0B6BD776AF6B64CCC8F2EC5">New fungus­feeding thrips (Thysanoptera Phlaeothripinae) from tropical Australia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="CA9207589B7B97AFB97281E3F29A31C4">Mound, Laurence A.</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFA0FF8626208FF1D016FB7B" ID-CoL="7NX5" authority="Okajima" authorityName="Okajima" box="[264,528,1206,1232]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Stomothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA0FF8626208FF1D39CFB7B" bold="true" box="[264,410,1206,1232]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Stomothrips</emphasis>
Okajima
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This genus was erected for a single Australian species,
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Okajima
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, taken on the leaves of
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFA0FF8626508E6ED034FAE9" box="[376,562,1321,1346]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Cycadaceae" genus="Cycas" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="calcicola">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA0FF8626508E6ED034FAE9" box="[376,562,1321,1346]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Cycas calcicola</emphasis>
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in the Northern Territories, apparently feeding on fungal conidia (
<bibRefCitation id="613FC689FFA0FF8626388E16D3C0FAC0" author="Okajima" box="[272,454,1361,1387]" pageId="12" pageNumber="17" refString="Okajima, S. (2000) The first cycad-associated thrips in the family Phlaeothripidae, Stomothrips cycasi, gen. et sp. nov. (Thysanoptera). Invertebrate Taxonomy, 14, 705 - 708." type="journal article" year="2000">Okajima, 2000</bibRefCitation>
). The most characteristic feature of that species is the unusually elongate mouth cone that projects posteriorly to the metasternum. In contrast, in the new species described here from
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<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA0FF8625298EE6D0BCFA11" box="[513,698,1441,1466]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Cycas pruinosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the mouth cone although long is directed ventrally and thus in slide­mounted specimens appears apically rounded. Despite this difference in orientation and appearance of the mouth cone, also an obvious difference in body colour, these two species are very similar in details of their structure. Their maxillary stylets are broader than in typical
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFA0FF8625608D06D105F9F0" box="[584,771,1601,1627]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Phlaeothripinae">Phlaeothripinae</taxonomicName>
, suggesting a possible relationship to the Docessissophothripini, although the males have no iridescent sculptured areas on the sternites.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA1FF8726208A5BD014FE9D" bold="true" box="[264,530,284,310]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Stomothrips mouldeni</emphasis>
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(
<figureCitation id="9D95A7FDFFA1FF8726388A78D3A5FEF2" box="[272,419,319,345]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 23" captionStartId="11.[264,383,1746,1770]" captionTargetBox="[329,1252,283,1718]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[328,1254,281,1720]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 23. Jacotia, Stomothrips and Streptothrips species. (15) J. rhodorcha head and thorax; (16) J. rhodorcha antenna; (17) J. rhodorcha female; (18) Sto. mouldeni, dorsal; (19) Sto. mouldeni, ventral; (20) Str. tribulatius female aptera; (21) Str. tribulatius tergites VIII – X; (22) Str. tribulatius female aptera mesonotum and metanotum; (23) Str. tribulatius female macroptera antenna." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273407/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 18 – 19</figureCitation>
)
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<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA1FF8726208AC8D3E9FE03" box="[264,495,399,424]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Female macroptera</emphasis>
. Body colour light brown, tarsi paler; all major setae capitate and pale; antennal segments III–VI yellow; forewings pale. Head (
<figureCitation id="9D95A7FDFFA1FF8724F18AF0D630FE7A" box="[985,1078,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 23" captionStartId="11.[264,383,1746,1770]" captionTargetBox="[329,1252,283,1718]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[328,1254,281,1720]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 23. Jacotia, Stomothrips and Streptothrips species. (15) J. rhodorcha head and thorax; (16) J. rhodorcha antenna; (17) J. rhodorcha female; (18) Sto. mouldeni, dorsal; (19) Sto. mouldeni, ventral; (20) Str. tribulatius female aptera; (21) Str. tribulatius tergites VIII – X; (22) Str. tribulatius female aptera mesonotum and metanotum; (23) Str. tribulatius female macroptera antenna." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273407/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 18</figureCitation>
) longer than wide, elevated in midline, with transversely reticulate weak sculpture laterally and posteriorly; maxillary stylets retracted to compound eyes, close together at anterior but diverging near posterior; mouth cone appearing rounded, apex directed ventrally, not extending beyond fore coxae. Antenae 8­segmented, III with 1 sense cone, IV with 2 sense cones. Pronotum with five pairs of major setae, notopleural sutures complete. Mesonotal lateral setae capitate; metanotum weakly reticulate, median setae acute. Prosternal basantra present, ferna transversely pointed medially, probasisternum eroded medially (
<figureCitation id="9D95A7FDFFA1FF87239C8988D71DFD42" box="[1204,1307,719,745]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 23" captionStartId="11.[264,383,1746,1770]" captionTargetBox="[329,1252,283,1718]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[328,1254,281,1720]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 23. Jacotia, Stomothrips and Streptothrips species. (15) J. rhodorcha head and thorax; (16) J. rhodorcha antenna; (17) J. rhodorcha female; (18) Sto. mouldeni, dorsal; (19) Sto. mouldeni, ventral; (20) Str. tribulatius female aptera; (21) Str. tribulatius tergites VIII – X; (22) Str. tribulatius female aptera mesonotum and metanotum; (23) Str. tribulatius female macroptera antenna." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273407/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
); metathoracic sternopleural sutures absent. Fore tarsi unarmed. Forewings very weakly constricted, without duplicated cilia, sub­basal setae capitate. Pelta bell­shaped; tergites with 2 pairs of sigmoid wing­retaining setae of which each anterior pair is weaker than each marginal pair; tergites III – VI and VIII with two pairs of capitate setae laterally, VII and IX with setal pair S2 acute.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFA1FF87261088F8D3DAFBD2" blockId="13.[264,1325,399,1225]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA1FF87261088F8D3E4FC73" box="[312,482,959,984]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Measurements</emphasis>
.
<typeStatus id="DA1505DAFFA1FF8726DD88F8D064FC72" box="[501,610,959,985]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
female in microns. Body length 1840. Head, length 235; maximum width 145; postocular setae 30. Pronotum, length 105; median width 200; major setae am 35, aa?, ml 25, epim 50, pa 40. Forewing length 640; sub­basal setae 30, 25, 45. Tergite IX setae
<geoCoordinate id="609ADDBFFFA1FF8726F88F70D01FFBFA" box="[464,537,1079,1105]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="925" value="-2.25">S1 75</geoCoordinate>
; S2 100. Tube length 130. Antennal segments III–VIII length 43, 45, 47, 43, 35, 25.
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<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA1FF8726108FC0D005FB0B" box="[312,515,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Male macroptera</emphasis>
. Very similar to female in colour and structure, but smaller; sternites with no glandular areas; tergite IX setae S2 short and bluntly pointed.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA1FF8726208FB8D3CDFAB3" box="[264,459,1279,1304]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Material studied</emphasis>
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Holotype female.
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,
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<td id="F84FD046FFA1007525D68E61D1D2FAEA" box="[766,980,1318,1345]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Kununurra Gorge,</td>
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<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA1FF8723348E60D6D4FAEB" box="[1052,1234,1319,1344]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Cycas pruinosa</emphasis>
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<td id="F84FD046FFA1007523F28E61D72CFAEA" box="[1242,1322,1318,1345]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">leaves,</td>
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<th id="F84FD046FFA1007526208E08D0F1FAC2" box="[264,759,1359,1385]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">23.ii.2005 (LAM 4575/76).</th>
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<th id="F84FD046FFA1007526208E30D0F1FA3A" box="[264,759,1399,1425]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Paratypes: 12 females, 10 males taken</th>
<td id="F84FD046FFA1007525D68E30D1D2FA3A" box="[766,980,1399,1425]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">with holotype.</td>
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In this new species the form, sculpture and chaetotaxy of the head, thorax and abdomen is closely similar to that of
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. In contrast to that species the body is considerably smaller, the body colour is brown not yellow, and the mouth cone projects ventrally not posteriorly. Other differences are: setal pair S2 on abdominal tergites VII and IX with apices acute not capitate; pronotal posteroangular setae scarcely 0.3 times as long as median length of pronotum instead of at least 0.5; sternal marginal setae scarcely twice as long as discal setae instead of about five times as long; mesopraesternum eroded medially instead of complete. This species is named in recognition of the many contributions of John Moulden to entomology in the north of Western
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.
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Tribe Plectrothripini (
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).
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includes two species that were described from southern Africa in
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Faure
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, a genus synonymised by
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, and the resultant eight species have been taken widely around the tropics; four from southern Africa, two from the Caribbean, and two from Sumatra. All of these species have several large stout sense cones on unusually stout median antennal segments, the eighth antennal segment is long and slender, and the eighth abdominal sternite bears a series of long and stout posteromarginal setae. A key to five species was provided by
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, of which one was known only from apterae, and four only from macropterae. Two character states used in that key were subsequently recognised as being related to wing development, because
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described a species from
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shows similar variation between morphs.
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(
<figureCitation id="9D95A7FDFFA2FF8426388F76D392FBE0" box="[272,404,1073,1099]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 23" captionStartId="11.[264,383,1746,1770]" captionTargetBox="[329,1252,283,1718]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[328,1254,281,1720]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 23. Jacotia, Stomothrips and Streptothrips species. (15) J. rhodorcha head and thorax; (16) J. rhodorcha antenna; (17) J. rhodorcha female; (18) Sto. mouldeni, dorsal; (19) Sto. mouldeni, ventral; (20) Str. tribulatius female aptera; (21) Str. tribulatius tergites VIII – X; (22) Str. tribulatius female aptera mesonotum and metanotum; (23) Str. tribulatius female macroptera antenna." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273407/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Figs 20–23</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4DB4E8F3FFA2FF8526208FC6D366FB0D" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="description">
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFA2FF8426208FC6D187FB40" blockId="14.[264,1324,1153,1899]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA2FF8426208FC6D3F7FB31" box="[264,497,1153,1178]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Female macroptera</emphasis>
. Body and antennae uniformly light brown, except antennal segment II, all tarsi and apex of tube paler; major setae light brown; forewing pale at base but darker at least medially (distal half of wings missing).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFA2FF8526108FBED3B1FE7D" blockId="14.[264,1324,1153,1899]" lastBlockId="15.[264,1325,284,1190]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
Head longer than wide, eyes well developed, postocular setae long and blunt, postocellar setae about as long as distance between ocelli; maxillary stylets retracted nearly to eyes, close together medially, maxillary guides stout. Antennal sense cones numerous (
<figureCitation id="9D95A7FDFFA2FF8426A48E36D3E4FA20" box="[396,482,1393,1419]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 23" captionStartId="11.[264,383,1746,1770]" captionTargetBox="[329,1252,283,1718]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[328,1254,281,1720]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 23. Jacotia, Stomothrips and Streptothrips species. (15) J. rhodorcha head and thorax; (16) J. rhodorcha antenna; (17) J. rhodorcha female; (18) Sto. mouldeni, dorsal; (19) Sto. mouldeni, ventral; (20) Str. tribulatius female aptera; (21) Str. tribulatius tergites VIII – X; (22) Str. tribulatius female aptera mesonotum and metanotum; (23) Str. tribulatius female macroptera antenna." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273407/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
), 10 on III of which one or two are on the dorsal surface, 13 on IV, 9 on V; segment II with sensorium present on basal half of segment, VIII slender and about as long as VII. Pronotum with anteromarginal, anteroangular, midlateral and posteroangular pairs of setae scarcely longer than discal setae; notopleura with 2 pairs of long setae (
<figureCitation id="9D95A7FDFFA2FF8423D38EAED32FF980" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 23" captionStartId="11.[264,383,1746,1770]" captionTargetBox="[329,1252,283,1718]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[328,1254,281,1720]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 23. Jacotia, Stomothrips and Streptothrips species. (15) J. rhodorcha head and thorax; (16) J. rhodorcha antenna; (17) J. rhodorcha female; (18) Sto. mouldeni, dorsal; (19) Sto. mouldeni, ventral; (20) Str. tribulatius female aptera; (21) Str. tribulatius tergites VIII – X; (22) Str. tribulatius female aptera mesonotum and metanotum; (23) Str. tribulatius female macroptera antenna." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273407/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
). Prosternal basantra not present but with at least 6 pairs of setae; ferna irregularly circular; spinasternum eroded, mesopraesternum absent, anterior border of mesoeusternum with 5 pairs of long setae; metathoracic sternopleural suture short but broadly eroded. Fore tarsus with stout tooth and stout ventral hamus, fore femora without tubercle; mid and hind tibial apex each with two stout conical setae ventrally. Forewing with 2 sub­basal setae. Mesonotal lateral setae short. Metanotum reticulate with 2 pairs of long setae medially. Pelta broadly triangular with posterior margin eroded (as in
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA2FF8426208C6ED370F8E9" box="[264,374,1833,1858]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">femoralis</emphasis>
). Abdominal tergite II eroded laterally, median tergites with no wing retaining setae but with 2 pairs of long marginal setae laterally and one pair of shorter median discal setae; tergite IX (
<figureCitation id="9D95A7FDFFA3FF8526FE8A5BD02AFE9D" box="[470,556,284,310]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 23" captionStartId="11.[264,383,1746,1770]" captionTargetBox="[329,1252,283,1718]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[328,1254,281,1720]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 23. Jacotia, Stomothrips and Streptothrips species. (15) J. rhodorcha head and thorax; (16) J. rhodorcha antenna; (17) J. rhodorcha female; (18) Sto. mouldeni, dorsal; (19) Sto. mouldeni, ventral; (20) Str. tribulatius female aptera; (21) Str. tribulatius tergites VIII – X; (22) Str. tribulatius female aptera mesonotum and metanotum; (23) Str. tribulatius female macroptera antenna." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273407/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
) with 2 pairs of setae between S1 and S2, and another two pairs between S2 and S3, each of these pairs comprise one slender seta and one stout seta. Tube short, slightly constricted at apex, terminal setae short. Sternite VIII with transverse row of about 10 long setae, preceding sternites with long marginal setae, median pair longer than sternite length.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFA3FF8526108AA3D35EFD6D" blockId="15.[264,1325,284,1190]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA3FF8526108AA3D3E4FE56" box="[312,482,484,509]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Measurements</emphasis>
.
<typeStatus id="DA1505DAFFA3FF8526DE8AA3D065FE55" box="[502,611,484,510]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
female macroptera in microns. Body length 3000. Head, length 320; maximum width 250; postocular setae 75; postocellar setae 35. Pronotum, length 225; median width 380; major setae am 40, aa 30, ml 25, epim 180 and 90, pa 30, pm 25. Forewing basal setae 50, 75. Tergite IX setae S1 175; stout supernumerary seta 75. Tube length 125; longest anal setae 75. Antennal segments III–VIII length 90, 85, 85, 60, 55, 55.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFA3FF8526108993D145FC1D" blockId="15.[264,1325,284,1190]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA3FF8526108993D3E4FD46" box="[312,482,724,749]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Female aptera</emphasis>
. Colour similar to macroptera. Head with no ocelli (
<figureCitation id="9D95A7FDFFA3FF85236D8993D69AFD45" box="[1093,1180,724,750]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 23" captionStartId="11.[264,383,1746,1770]" captionTargetBox="[329,1252,283,1718]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[328,1254,281,1720]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 23. Jacotia, Stomothrips and Streptothrips species. (15) J. rhodorcha head and thorax; (16) J. rhodorcha antenna; (17) J. rhodorcha female; (18) Sto. mouldeni, dorsal; (19) Sto. mouldeni, ventral; (20) Str. tribulatius female aptera; (21) Str. tribulatius tergites VIII – X; (22) Str. tribulatius female aptera mesonotum and metanotum; (23) Str. tribulatius female macroptera antenna." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273407/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
), compound eyes reduced to 3 ommatidia; postocular setae length 90, postocellar setae length 65. Antennal sense cones less numerous, III with 3, IV with 5, V with 4. Pronotum and prosternal sclerites similar to macroptera. Mesonotum and metanotum each with 3 pairs of long setae laterally (
<figureCitation id="9D95A7FDFFA3FF8525238833D06CFC25" box="[523,618,884,910]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 23" captionStartId="11.[264,383,1746,1770]" captionTargetBox="[329,1252,283,1718]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[328,1254,281,1720]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 23. Jacotia, Stomothrips and Streptothrips species. (15) J. rhodorcha head and thorax; (16) J. rhodorcha antenna; (17) J. rhodorcha female; (18) Sto. mouldeni, dorsal; (19) Sto. mouldeni, ventral; (20) Str. tribulatius female aptera; (21) Str. tribulatius tergites VIII – X; (22) Str. tribulatius female aptera mesonotum and metanotum; (23) Str. tribulatius female macroptera antenna." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273407/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
), metanotum without reticulation. Pelta strongly eroded; tergites, tube and sternites similar to macroptera.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFA3FF8526108883D366FB0D" blockId="15.[264,1325,284,1190]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA3FF8526108883D3C1FC76" box="[312,455,964,989]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Male aptera</emphasis>
. Paler than female and slightly smaller, but similar in general appearance. Antennal segments III–V each with 3 to 5 sense cones. Pronotum with posteroangular and posteromarginal setae longer (85, 80). Meso and metanota each with about 5 setae laterally. Pelta scarcely developed; abdominal chaetotaxy similar to female, tergite IX with setae S2 stout; sternites without glandular areas, VIII with fewer marginal setae than female.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4DB4E8F3FFA3FF8526208F9BD657FAC5" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFA3FF8526208F9BD3CDFB5E" blockId="15.[264,1322,1244,1390]" box="[264,459,1244,1269]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA3FF8526208F9BD3CDFB5E" box="[264,459,1244,1269]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Material studied</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFA3FF8526108E43D023FAED" blockId="15.[264,1322,1244,1390]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<typeStatus id="DA1505DAFFA3FF8526108E43D3A3FAB5" box="[312,421,1284,1310]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
macropterous female.
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA3FF8525E98E43D153FAB5" bold="true" box="[705,853,1284,1310]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Queensland</emphasis>
, Cape Tribulation, from dead branch,
<date id="71109DB8FFA3FF8526208E6BD379FAED" box="[264,383,1324,1350]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" value="1995-07-07">7.vii.1995</date>
(LAM 2726).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFA3FF8526108E13D657FAC5" blockId="15.[264,1322,1244,1390]" box="[312,1105,1364,1390]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<typeStatus id="DA1505DAFFA3FF8526108E13D3A8FAC5" box="[312,430,1364,1390]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="13A870F1FFA3FF8526918E13D019FAC5" box="[441,543,1364,1390]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="female">2 female</specimenCount>
apterae,
<specimenCount id="13A870F1FFA3FF8525A28E13D0DFFAC5" box="[650,729,1364,1390]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
aptera, collected with
<typeStatus id="DA1505DAFFA3FF8524CB8E13D64BFAC5" box="[995,1101,1364,1390]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4DB4E8F3FFA3FF8526208EE3D679F905" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFA3FF8526208EE3D385FA16" blockId="15.[264,1324,1444,1710]" box="[264,387,1444,1469]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFA3FF8526208EE3D385FA16" box="[264,387,1444,1469]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Comments" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA3FF8526208EE3D385FA16" box="[264,387,1444,1469]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Comments</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFA3FF8526108E8BD679F905" blockId="15.[264,1324,1444,1710]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">The macropterous form of this new species is readily distinguished from the seven previously described species in which macropterae are known by the larger number of sense cones, 10 or more, on the third and fourth antennal segments. The apterous form is distinguished from the two species in which apterae are known by the much shorter setae on the anterior and lateral margins of the pronotum, all three pairs being less than 0.3 as long as the longest notopleural setae instead of more than 0.5 times as long.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="80ADEE3CC487847E732132CDADD46167">New fungus­feeding thrips (Thysanoptera Phlaeothripinae) from tropical Australia</mods:title>
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<paragraph id="0511BB78FFA4FF8226208D4AD3D8F98C" blockId="8.[264,478,1549,1575]" box="[264,478,1549,1575]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
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<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA4FF8226208D4AD385F98C" bold="true" box="[264,387,1549,1575]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Senithrips</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="2CE9DA11FFA4FF8226A38D4AD3D8F98C" box="[395,478,1549,1575]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<paragraph id="0511BB78FFA4FF8326208D1FD0ECFDDD" blockId="8.[264,1324,1624,1890]" lastBlockId="9.[264,1323,284,670]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
Minute apterous
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFA4FF8226E68D1FD08FF9D9" box="[462,649,1624,1650]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Phlaeothripinae">Phlaeothripinae</taxonomicName>
, lacking ocelli and wing sclerites. Head longer than wide, cheeks convex but constricted at basal neck (
<figureCitation id="9D95A7FDFFA4FF82247A8DC7D1B6F931" box="[850,944,1664,1690]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 14" captionStartId="8.[264,382,1318,1342]" captionTargetBox="[274,1315,285,1288]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[271,1315,281,1290]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 14. Majerthrips and Sennithrips species. (9) M. barrowi micropterous female, ventral; (10) M. barrowi micropterous female, dorsal; (11) M. barrowi apterous female, metanotum and tergites I – II; (12) S. psomus, ventral; (13) S. psomus, dorsal; (14) S. psomus antenna. [ns = prothoracic notopleural suture; ss = metathoracic sternopleural suture]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273406/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
), vertex rounded and slightly overhanging antennal bases, dorsal surface reticulate with three rows of small setae; compound eyes each reduced to 6 facets; maxillary stylets retracted to eyes and closely parallel medially, mouthcone short and rounded. Antennae 6­segmented (
<figureCitation id="9D95A7FDFFA4FF8223BD8DBFD6F7F8B9" box="[1173,1265,1784,1810]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 14" captionStartId="8.[264,382,1318,1342]" captionTargetBox="[274,1315,285,1288]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[271,1315,281,1290]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 14. Majerthrips and Sennithrips species. (9) M. barrowi micropterous female, ventral; (10) M. barrowi micropterous female, dorsal; (11) M. barrowi apterous female, metanotum and tergites I – II; (12) S. psomus, ventral; (13) S. psomus, dorsal; (14) S. psomus antenna. [ns = prothoracic notopleural suture; ss = metathoracic sternopleural suture]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273406/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
), III small without sense cones, IV with 2 sense cones, VI–VIII fused with no trace of sutures. Pronotum transverse, all setae minute, notopleural sutures apparently fused. Mesometanotal suture apparently fused, metanotum broader at posterior, all setae small. Prosternal basantra absent, ferna transversely oval, mesopraesternum eroded medially but forming two transverse sclerites (
<figureCitation id="9D95A7FDFFA5FF8325878A2BD108FE2D" box="[687,782,364,390]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 14" captionStartId="8.[264,382,1318,1342]" captionTargetBox="[274,1315,285,1288]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[271,1315,281,1290]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 14. Majerthrips and Sennithrips species. (9) M. barrowi micropterous female, ventral; (10) M. barrowi micropterous female, dorsal; (11) M. barrowi apterous female, metanotum and tergites I – II; (12) S. psomus, ventral; (13) S. psomus, dorsal; (14) S. psomus antenna. [ns = prothoracic notopleural suture; ss = metathoracic sternopleural suture]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273406/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 12</figureCitation>
), mesoeusternum with median longitudinal division; meso­metathoracic sternopleural sutures not developed. Pelta broad but slender, reticulate with submarginal line (
<figureCitation id="9D95A7FDFFA5FF8325A28AFBD0E7FE7D" box="[650,737,444,470]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 14" captionStartId="8.[264,382,1318,1342]" captionTargetBox="[274,1315,285,1288]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[271,1315,281,1290]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 14. Majerthrips and Sennithrips species. (9) M. barrowi micropterous female, ventral; (10) M. barrowi micropterous female, dorsal; (11) M. barrowi apterous female, metanotum and tergites I – II; (12) S. psomus, ventral; (13) S. psomus, dorsal; (14) S. psomus antenna. [ns = prothoracic notopleural suture; ss = metathoracic sternopleural suture]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273406/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 13</figureCitation>
); tergites II–VII finely sculptured, with transverse row of more than 12 small setae, posterior margin with one pair of small curved setae laterally, and one pair of curved posteroangular setae; tergite IX setae S1 capitate, S2 blunt, S3 acute; tube short with short terminal setae. Male similar to female; no sternal glandular areas; tergite IX setae S2 stout.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4DB4E8F3FFA5FF83261089C3D0ECFD35" box="[312,746,644,670]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFA5FF83261089C3D0ECFD35" blockId="9.[264,1323,284,670]" box="[312,746,644,670]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<typeStatus id="DA1505DAFFA5FF83261089C3D374FD35" box="[312,370,644,670]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Type</typeStatus>
species
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFA5FF8326FD89C3D0ADFD36" box="[469,683,644,669]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Senithrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="psomus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA5FF8326FD89C3D0ADFD36" box="[469,683,644,669]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Senithrips psomus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="4DB4E8F3FFA5FF8326208993D6C8FA3D" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFA5FF8326208993D385FD46" blockId="9.[264,1324,724,1430]" box="[264,387,724,749]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFA5FF8326208993D385FD46" box="[264,387,724,749]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Comments" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA5FF8326208993D385FD46" box="[264,387,724,749]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Comments</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFA5FF83261089BBD6C8FA3D" blockId="9.[264,1324,724,1430]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
The antennae of the
<typeStatus id="DA1505DAFFA5FF83250189BBD05DFCBD" box="[553,603,764,790]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">type</typeStatus>
species of this new genus, with segments VI–VIII fused into a single unit, are similar in structure to the antennae of
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFA5FF8324E98863D028FCCD" authority="Crespi, Morris &amp; Mound (2004)" authorityName="Crespi, Morris &amp; Mound" authorityYear="2004" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hexadikothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dalbyi">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA5FF8324E98863D6CDFC96" box="[961,1227,804,829]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Hexadikothrips dalbyi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="613FC689FFA5FF8323FE8863D028FCCD" pageId="9" pageNumber="17" refString="Crespi, B. J., Morris, D. C. &amp; Mound, L. A. (2004) Evolution of ecological and behavioural diversity: Australian Acacia thrips as model organisms. Australian Biological Resources Study &amp; Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, Canberra, Australia, 328 pp." type="book">Crespi, Morris &amp; Mound (2004)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. However, the male of
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFA5FF832417880BD1ABFCCE" box="[831,941,844,869]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hexadikothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dalbyi">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA5FF832417880BD1ABFCCE" box="[831,941,844,869]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">H. dalbyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a well developed fore tarsal tooth as well as a small glandular area on the eighth sternite, neither of which characters are present in the new species. Moreover, in both sexes of the new species the pelta occupies at least 80% of the anterior margin of tergite II instead of scarcely 60%, the meso­metanotal and the prothoracic notopleural sutures appear to be fused, the prosternal ferna are large, the mesopraesternum eroded medially and forming two transverse sclerites, the metathoracic sternopleural sutures not developed, and the tergites have only one pair of very small marginal setae. Thus
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFA5FF8324698F23D1F0FBD6" box="[833,1014,1124,1149]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Hexadikothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA5FF8324698F23D1F0FBD6" box="[833,1014,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Hexadikothrips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and this new genus are considered not closely related, and their general similarities are probably due to the small body size and consequent reduction of many structural features. A further species that is similar in appearance is
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFA5FF8325068F9BD1DFFB5D" authority="Mound (1995a)" authorityName="Mound" authorityYear="1995" box="[558,985,1244,1270]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Adurothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="atopus">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA5FF8325068F9BD114FB5E" box="[558,786,1244,1269]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Adurothrips atopus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="613FC689FFA5FF8324348F9BD177FB5D" author="Mound" box="[796,881,1244,1270]" pageId="9" pageNumber="17" refString="Mound, L. A. (1995 a) Homoplasy and the systematics of phlaeothripine Thysanoptera, with a new short-tubed Australian Urothripine. Courier Forschunginstitut Senckenberg, 178, 21 - 25." type="journal article" year="1995" yearSuffix="a">Mound</bibRefCitation>
(1995a)
</taxonomicName>
. This species is also minute and wingless with the terminal three segments of the antennae fused, but the hind coxae are wider apart than the mid coxae as in
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFA5FF8325D48E6BD1D2FAED" authority="Bagnall" authorityName="Bagnall" box="[764,980,1324,1350]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Urothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA5FF8325D48E6BD168FAEE" box="[764,878,1324,1349]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Urothrips</emphasis>
Bagnall
</taxonomicName>
and related genera (
<bibRefCitation id="613FC689FFA5FF8323E48E6BD340FAC5" author="Mound" pageId="9" pageNumber="17" refString="Mound, L. A. (1972) Species complexes and the generic classification of leaf-litter thrips of the Tribe Urothripini (Phlaeothripidae). Australian Journal of Zoology, 20, 83 - 103." type="journal article" year="1972">Mound, 1972</bibRefCitation>
), the pelta is trilobed, the maxillary stylets wide apart in the head, and the second antennal segment bears an apical flange surrounding the base of the third segment.
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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<paragraph id="0511BB78FFA5FF8326208EB3D02FF9A5" blockId="9.[264,553,1524,1585]" box="[264,553,1524,1550]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<heading id="5E590C14FFA5FF8326208EB3D02FF9A5" bold="true" box="[264,553,1524,1550]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA5FF8326208EB3D3E0F9A5" bold="true" box="[264,486,1524,1550]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Senithrips psomus</emphasis>
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(
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)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4DB4E8F3FFA5FF8026208D2ED1A0FE2D" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="description">
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<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA5FF8326208D2ED3B2F929" box="[264,436,1641,1666]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Female aptera</emphasis>
. Body colour light brown, head mainly golden with anterior margin darker, metanotal posterior and lateral margins pale; legs yellowish brown, tarsi yellow; antennal segments I–IV mainly yellow, terminal segment brown. With the structural details given above in the generic description.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFA5FF8026108C4BD3B6FEF5" blockId="9.[264,1325,1641,1870]" lastBlockId="10.[264,1323,284,390]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA5FF8326108C4BD3E4F88E" box="[312,482,1804,1829]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Measurements</emphasis>
.
<typeStatus id="DA1505DAFFA5FF8326DD8C4BD064F88D" box="[501,610,1804,1830]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
female in microns. Body length 1200. Head, length 200; maximum width 150. Pronotum, median length 110; width 200. Tergite IX setae
<geoCoordinate id="609ADDBFFFA5FF8323938C73D707F8E5" box="[1211,1281,1844,1870]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="925" value="-1.4166666">S1 25</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate id="609ADDBFFFA5FF8022268C73D32FFE9D" direction="south" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" orientation="latitude" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" precision="925" value="-2.5">S2 30</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate id="609ADDBFFFA6FF80261D8A5BD378FE9D" box="[309,382,284,310]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" precision="925" value="-3.6666667">S3 40</geoCoordinate>
. Tube length 100; longest anal setae 45. Antennal segments I–VI length 25, 45, 30, 37, 35, 80.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA6FF8026108A2BD3C1FE2E" box="[312,455,364,389]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Male aptera</emphasis>
. Similar to female but smaller and paler.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA6FF8026208AFBD3CDFE7E" box="[264,459,444,469]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Material studied</emphasis>
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<paragraph id="0511BB78FFA6FF8026108AA3D1EEFDE5" blockId="10.[264,1323,444,590]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<typeStatus id="DA1505DAFFA6FF8026108AA3D3A3FE55" box="[312,421,484,510]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
female aptera.
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA6FF80254C8AA4D14AFE56" bold="true" box="[612,844,483,509]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
Western
<collectingCountry id="7DB9FBE8FFA6FF8025FF8AA4D14AFE56" box="[727,844,483,509]" name="Australia" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Australia</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFA6FF8024778AA3D1B1FE55" box="[863,951,484,510]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Majerthrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barrow">Barrow</taxonomicName>
Island, taken amongst
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFA6FF8023FC8AA3D363FD8E" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Triodia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poales" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angusta">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA6FF8023FC8AA3D363FD8E" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Triodia angusta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
grassland with vaccum sampler, April/May, 2005, Jonathan Majer.
<typeStatus id="DA1505DAFFA6FF8026108973D3A8FDE5" box="[312,430,564,590]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
: 9Ψ 1ɗ taken at same or nearby site as
<typeStatus id="DA1505DAFFA6FF8024518973D1E2FDE5" box="[889,996,564,590]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
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Faure
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This genus was based originally on a single species from
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Faure. Subsequently
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, three species were described from southern and eastern
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, and an illustrated key to the four species was provided together with a redefinition of the genus (
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). Since then a further four species have been collected in various parts of
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, and these are available in the Australian National Insect Collection, Canberra. One of these species is particularly distinctive and, as it is known from a good series, it is described here. All members of this genus are small and slender, with large eyes and short legs, and the dorsal surface is finely sculptured into complex patterns.
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(
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)
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. Body colour yellowish white with three longitudinal red stripes of internal pigment; tergite IX, posterior half of VIII and basal half of tube sharply dark brown (
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), head with frontal carina brown; antennal segments I, II and IV light brown, III mainly yellow but with brown mark at base, VI often yellow in basal half, VII and VIII brown. Head longer than wide, eyes longer dorsally than ventrally (
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); vertex with reticulate sculpture and markings within each reticle; postocular setae not developed; mouth cone rounded. Antennae 8­segmented (
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), VI–VIII broadly joined, III with basal stem slender but no sense cones, IV with 2 sense cones. Pronotum weakly reticulate, notopleural sutures weak, notopleural setae scarcely 10 microns long. Prosternal basantra absent; ferna transversely pointed; mesopraesternum (?spinasternum) transverse, separated from mesoeusternum with one pair of setae medially and another pair laterally; metathoracic sternopleural sutures absent. Meso and metanota with complex but weak sculpture. Pelta rectangular with margins rounded (
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); tergites with complex but weak sculpture, all setae minute on tergites II–VII; posteroangular setae on tergite VIII about 10 microns long; IX with marginal setae blunt. Sternites with transverse row of small discal setae, median marginal setae long.
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<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA7FF8126208D95D3D5F941" bold="true" box="[264,467,1746,1770]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">FIGURES 15–23.</emphasis>
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,
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and
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</taxonomicName>
species.
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA7FF8124DC8D95D626F941" bold="true" box="[1012,1056,1746,1770]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(15)</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFA7FF8123048D95D6BCF942" box="[1068,1210,1746,1769]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Jacotia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhodorcha">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA7FF8123048D95D6BCF942" box="[1068,1210,1746,1769]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">J. rhodorcha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
head and thorax;
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA7FF8126748DB4D38FF8A0" bold="true" box="[348,393,1779,1803]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(16)</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFA7FF8126B98DB4D01DF8A1" box="[401,539,1779,1802]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Jacotia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhodorcha">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA7FF8126B98DB4D01DF8A1" box="[401,539,1779,1802]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">J. rhodorcha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
antenna;
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA7FF8125AE8DB4D0B4F8A0" bold="true" box="[646,690,1779,1803]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(17)</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFA7FF8125938DB4D143F8A1" box="[699,837,1779,1802]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Jacotia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhodorcha">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA7FF8125938DB4D143F8A1" box="[699,837,1779,1802]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">J. rhodorcha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
female;
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA7FF81248D8DB4D1D4F8A0" bold="true" box="[933,978,1779,1803]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(18)</emphasis>
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA7FF8124F28DB4D668F8A1" box="[986,1134,1779,1802]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
Sto.
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFA7FF8123238DB4D668F8A1" box="[1035,1134,1779,1802]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Stomothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mouldeni">mouldeni</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, dorsal;
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA7FF8123E68DB4D6FCF8A0" bold="true" box="[1230,1274,1779,1803]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(19)</emphasis>
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA7FF81222B8DB4D36DF881" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
Sto.
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFA7FF8126208C54D36DF881" box="[264,363,1811,1834]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Stomothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mouldeni">mouldeni</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, ventral;
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA7FF8126FC8C54D006F880" bold="true" box="[468,512,1811,1835]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(20)</emphasis>
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA7FF8125208C54D0A4F881" box="[520,674,1811,1834]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
Str.
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFA7FF81251B8C54D0A4F881" box="[563,674,1811,1834]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Streptothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tribulatius">tribulatius</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
female aptera;
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA7FF8124638C54D17EF880" bold="true" box="[843,888,1811,1835]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(21)</emphasis>
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA7FF8124A88C54D61FF881" box="[896,1049,1811,1834]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
Str.
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFA7FF8124828C54D61FF881" box="[938,1049,1811,1834]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Streptothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tribulatius">tribulatius</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
tergites VIII–X;
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA7FF8123FC8C54D707F880" bold="true" box="[1236,1281,1811,1835]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(22)</emphasis>
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA7FF8122218C54D371F8E1" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
Str.
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFA7FF8126208C74D371F8E1" box="[264,375,1843,1866]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Streptothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tribulatius">tribulatius</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
female aptera mesonotum and metanotum;
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA7FF81245E8C74D1A4F8E0" bold="true" box="[886,930,1843,1867]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(23)</emphasis>
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA7FF8124988C74D648F8E1" box="[944,1102,1843,1866]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
Str.
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFA7FF8124F78C74D648F8E1" box="[991,1102,1843,1866]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Streptothrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tribulatius">tribulatius</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
female macroptera antenna.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFA0FF8626108A5BD00EFE05" blockId="12.[264,1325,284,510]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA0FF8626108A5BD3E4FE9E" box="[312,482,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Measurements</emphasis>
.
<typeStatus id="DA1505DAFFA0FF8626DD8A5BD064FE9D" box="[501,610,284,310]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
female in microns. Body length 1750. Head, length 250; maximum width 165. Pronotum, length 120; median width 170; notopleural setae 10. Tergite IX setae
<geoCoordinate id="609ADDBFFFA0FF8626E38A2BD014FE2D" box="[459,530,364,390]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="925" value="-1.25">S1 15</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate id="609ADDBFFFA0FF8625378A2BD060FE2D" box="[543,614,364,390]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="925" value="-2.4166667">S2 25</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate id="609ADDBFFFA0FF86255B8A2BD0BCFE2D" box="[627,698,364,390]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="925" value="-3.1666667">S3 10</geoCoordinate>
. Tube length 110. Antennal segments III–VIII length 50, 40, 40, 50, 20, 25.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFA0FF8626108AFBD3B6FE55" blockId="12.[264,1325,284,510]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA0FF8626108AFBD3CFFE7E" box="[312,457,444,469]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Male aptera</emphasis>
. Very similar to female in colour and structure, but smaller. Body length 1300 microns.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4DB4E8F3FFA0FF8626208971D6E5FD62" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFA0FF8626208971D3CDFDE4" blockId="12.[264,1323,566,713]" box="[264,459,566,591]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA0FF8626208971D3CDFDE4" box="[264,459,566,591]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Material studied</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFA0FF8626108918D6E5FD62" blockId="12.[264,1323,566,713]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<typeStatus id="DA1505DAFFA0FF8626108918D3A3FDD2" box="[312,421,607,633]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
female.
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA0FF8625258919D0F5FDD3" bold="true" box="[525,755,606,632]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
Western
<collectingCountry id="7DB9FBE8FFA0FF8625568919D0F5FDD3" box="[638,755,606,632]" name="Australia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Australia</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFA0FF86242B8918D15DFDD2" box="[771,859,607,633]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Majerthrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barrow">Barrow</taxonomicName>
Island, taken amongst
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFA0FF8623478918D72DFDD3" box="[1135,1323,607,632]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Triodia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angusta">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA0FF8623478918D72DFDD3" box="[1135,1323,607,632]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Triodia angusta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
grassland with vaccum sampler, April/May, 2005, Jonathan Majer.
<typeStatus id="DA1505DAFFA0FF86261089E8D3A8FD62" box="[312,430,687,713]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
: 21Ψ 8ɗ taken by vacuum sampler at same or nearby site as
<typeStatus id="DA1505DAFFA0FF86235D89E8D6D9FD62" box="[1141,1247,687,713]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4DB4E8F3FFA0FF86262089B8D031FBF2" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFA0FF86262089B8D385FCB3" blockId="12.[264,1324,767,1113]" box="[264,387,767,792]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFA0FF86262089B8D385FCB3" box="[264,387,767,792]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Comments" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA0FF86262089B8D385FCB3" box="[264,387,767,792]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Comments</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFA0FF8626108860D031FBF2" blockId="12.[264,1324,767,1113]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
According to the key to the four previously described species (
<bibRefCitation id="613FC689FFA0FF86231C8860D6EFFCEA" author="Mound" box="[1076,1257,807,833]" pageId="12" pageNumber="17" refString="Mound, L. A. (1995 b) Jacotia (Phlaeothripidae), a second genus of Thysanoptera with disjunct distribution between Australia and South Africa. Journal of the Australian Entomological Society, 34, 90 - 94." type="journal article" year="1995" yearSuffix="b">Mound, 1995b</bibRefCitation>
), this new species shares the following two character states with
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFA0FF8624C98808D6A1FCC2" authority="Faure" authorityName="Faure" box="[993,1191,847,873]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Jacotia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegiae">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA0FF8624C98808D650FCC3" box="[993,1110,847,872]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">J. elegiae</emphasis>
Faure
</taxonomicName>
, the South African type­species of the genus: major setae on head, thorax and abdomen exceptionally short; body sculpture weakly defined but complex. The following characters states distinguish this species from
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFA0FF8625488880D0D4FC4B" box="[608,722,967,992]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Jacotia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elegiae">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA0FF8625488880D0D4FC4B" box="[608,722,967,992]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">J. elegiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: tube sharply bicoloured not brown (
<figureCitation id="9D95A7FDFFA0FF8623A08880D6E6FC4A" box="[1160,1248,967,993]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 23" captionStartId="11.[264,383,1746,1770]" captionTargetBox="[329,1252,283,1718]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[328,1254,281,1720]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 23. Jacotia, Stomothrips and Streptothrips species. (15) J. rhodorcha head and thorax; (16) J. rhodorcha antenna; (17) J. rhodorcha female; (18) Sto. mouldeni, dorsal; (19) Sto. mouldeni, ventral; (20) Str. tribulatius female aptera; (21) Str. tribulatius tergites VIII – X; (22) Str. tribulatius female aptera mesonotum and metanotum; (23) Str. tribulatius female macroptera antenna." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273407/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 17</figureCitation>
); base of the third antennal segment slender not expanded (
<figureCitation id="9D95A7FDFFA0FF86245B88A8D1CAFBA2" box="[883,972,1007,1033]" captionStart="FIGURES 15 – 23" captionStartId="11.[264,383,1746,1770]" captionTargetBox="[329,1252,283,1718]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[328,1254,281,1720]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURES 15 – 23. Jacotia, Stomothrips and Streptothrips species. (15) J. rhodorcha head and thorax; (16) J. rhodorcha antenna; (17) J. rhodorcha female; (18) Sto. mouldeni, dorsal; (19) Sto. mouldeni, ventral; (20) Str. tribulatius female aptera; (21) Str. tribulatius tergites VIII – X; (22) Str. tribulatius female aptera mesonotum and metanotum; (23) Str. tribulatius female macroptera antenna." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273407/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
). The most striking feature of this new species is the three longitudinal red stripes running the full length of the white body in adults and larvae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

119
data/8D/07/0A/8D070A6EFFA9FF8F26208AFBD6F2F88A.xml Normal file
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<paragraph id="0511BB78FFA9FF8F26208AFBD031FE7E" blockId="5.[264,567,443,505]" box="[264,567,443,470]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<heading id="5E590C14FFA9FF8F26208AFBD031FE7E" bold="true" box="[264,567,443,470]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" reason="1">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA9FF8F26208AFBD031FE7E" bold="true" box="[264,567,443,470]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFA9FF8F26208AFBD3F3FE7D" ID-CoL="FVHK" box="[264,501,444,470]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Apostlethrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pygus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA9FF8F26208AFBD3F3FE7D" bold="true" box="[264,501,444,470]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Apostlethrips pygus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2CE9DA11FFA9FF8F26D48AFCD031FE7E" box="[508,567,443,469]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFA9FF8F26208A98D3BAFE52" blockId="5.[264,567,443,505]" box="[264,444,479,505]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">(Figs 2, 4, 6, 8)</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4DB4E8F3FFA9FF8F26208968D608FAB2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="description">
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFA9FF8F26208968D054FB82" blockId="5.[264,1324,559,1305]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA9FF8F26208968D3B1FDE3" box="[264,439,559,584]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Female aptera</emphasis>
. Body and legs mainly yellow; mesothoracic spiracle brown; abdominal segments VIII–X dark brown; antennal segments I–II yellow, III–VIII brown. Head with eyes bulging, cheeks sharply constricted behind eyes (Fig. 2); vertex projecting in front of eyes as two tubercles bearing antennae, with 3 pairs of stout setae and 3 pairs of minute setae between eyes; postocular setae short and stout, cheeks with one small stout seta. Antennae slender, segment II unusually elongate (Fig. 4). Fore tarsus with no tooth on inner margin. Pronotum with notopleural sutures almost fused, notopleural setae arise on distinct tubercles. Mesonotum transverse, spiracles exceptionally large (Fig. 8). Metanotum transverse with one pair of slender setae medially. Pterothoracic furcae stout, extending to coxal cavities. Pelta broad (Fig. 8), tergites II–VII with median setae small, two pairs of posteromarginal setae capitate; tergite IX tapering, with 8 pairs of stout setae (Fig. 6); tube tapering to apex from rugose base. Sternites with 7 pairs of marginal setae, these very stout on VI–VIII.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFA9FF8F26108F70D6B0FB5A" blockId="5.[264,1324,559,1305]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA9FF8F26108F70D3E4FBFB" box="[312,482,1079,1104]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Measurements</emphasis>
.
<typeStatus id="DA1505DAFFA9FF8F26DD8F70D064FBFA" box="[501,610,1079,1105]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
female in microns. Body length 1550. Head, length 190; width across eyes 190; postocular setae 35; ocellar setae 35, 20, 15. Pronotum, length 125; median width 250; major setae am 10, aa 10, ml 10, epim 40, pa 15. Tergite III, median discal setae 20; major marginal setae 50, 75; posteroangular setae 50. Tergite IX setae 75. Tube length 120. Antennal segments I–VIII length 40, 65, 60, 52, 55, 45, 35, 30.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFA9FF8F26108FB8D608FAB2" blockId="5.[264,1324,559,1305]" box="[312,1038,1279,1305]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA9FF8F26108FB8D3C1FAB3" box="[312,455,1279,1304]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Male aptera</emphasis>
. Similar to female but smaller, body length 1400.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4DB4E8F3FFA9FF8F26208E08D182FA4A" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFA9FF8F26208E08D3CDFAC3" blockId="5.[264,1323,1359,1505]" box="[264,459,1359,1384]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA9FF8F26208E08D3CDFAC3" box="[264,459,1359,1384]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Material studied</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFA9FF8F26108E30D0D4FA12" blockId="5.[264,1323,1359,1505]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<typeStatus id="DA1505DAFFA9FF8F26108E30D3A3FA3A" box="[312,421,1399,1425]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
female aptera.
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA9FF8F25778E31D140FA3B" bold="true" box="[607,838,1398,1424]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
Western
<collectingCountry id="7DB9FBE8FFA9FF8F25F98E31D140FA3B" box="[721,838,1398,1424]" name="Australia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Australia</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
, Broome, coastal sand dunes, from base of
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFA9FF8F26008ED8D37BFA13" box="[296,381,1439,1464]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Triodia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA9FF8F26008ED8D37BFA13" box="[296,381,1439,1464]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Triodia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.,
<date id="71109DB8FFA9FF8F269D8ED8D02BFA12" box="[437,557,1439,1465]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" value="2005-02-28">28.ii.2005</date>
(LAM 4640).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFA9FF8F26108E80D182FA4A" blockId="5.[264,1323,1359,1505]" box="[312,900,1479,1505]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<typeStatus id="DA1505DAFFA9FF8F26108E80D3A8FA4A" box="[312,430,1479,1505]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="13A870F1FFA9FF8F26918E80D02CFA4A" box="[441,554,1479,1505]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="female">5 females</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="13A870F1FFA9FF8F25198E80D08AFA4A" box="[561,652,1479,1505]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="male">6 males</specimenCount>
taken with
<typeStatus id="DA1505DAFFA9FF8F243D8E80D186FA4A" box="[789,896,1479,1505]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4DB4E8F3FFA9FF8F26208D50D6F2F88A" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFA9FF8F26208D50D385F99B" blockId="5.[264,1323,1559,1825]" box="[264,387,1559,1584]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFA9FF8F26208D50D385F99B" box="[264,387,1559,1584]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Comments" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA9FF8F26208D50D385F99B" box="[264,387,1559,1584]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Comments</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFA9FF8F26108D78D6F2F88A" blockId="5.[264,1323,1559,1825]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
All of the available specimens are apterous, and the exceptionally strong development of the pterothoracic furcae suggests that winged forms are not likely to occur in this species. It is clearly closely related to
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFA9FF8F25FE8DC8D155F903" box="[726,851,1679,1704]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Apostlethrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apostus">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA9FF8F25FE8DC8D155F903" box="[726,851,1679,1704]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A. apostus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
described above, but the array of stout setae on the ninth abdominal segment, and the curious shape of the eyes, are unique character states amongst members of this family. As with
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFA9FF8F24848D98D620F953" box="[940,1062,1759,1784]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Apostlethrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apostus">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA9FF8F24848D98D620F953" box="[940,1062,1759,1784]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">A. apostus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, adults were observed to carry a plug of dark material on the abdominal apex with this curled over the body.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

112
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<mods:title id="0381C64C647089DBF02E45658F60FC28">New fungus­feeding thrips (Thysanoptera Phlaeothripinae) from tropical Australia</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="4DB4E8F3FFAAFF8C26208A5BD023FB0A" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFAAFF8C26208A5BD3F7FE9E" blockId="6.[264,497,283,310]" box="[264,497,283,310]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<heading id="5E590C14FFAAFF8C26208A5BD3F7FE9E" bold="true" box="[264,497,283,310]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" reason="1">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFAAFF8C26208A5BD3F7FE9E" bold="true" box="[264,497,283,310]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFAAFF8C26208A5BD391FE9D" ID-CoL="62Y8T" box="[264,407,284,310]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Majerthrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFAAFF8C26208A5BD391FE9D" bold="true" box="[264,407,284,310]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Majerthrips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2CE9DA11FFAAFF8C26B78A5CD3F7FE9E" box="[415,497,283,309]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFAAFF8C26208A20D023FB0A" blockId="6.[264,1324,359,1225]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
Large polymorphic
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFAAFF8C25288A20D0BEFE2A" box="[512,696,359,385]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Phlaeothripinae">Phlaeothripinae</taxonomicName>
–Docessissophothripini. Antennae 8­segmented, III with 1 sense cone, IV with 3 sense cones, VII and VIII broadly joined by oblique suture. Head about twice as long as wide, elevated in midline, narrowest just behind compound eyes (
<figureCitation id="9D95A7FDFFAAFF8C26658A98D3A0FE52" box="[333,422,479,505]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 14" captionStartId="8.[264,382,1318,1342]" captionTargetBox="[274,1315,285,1288]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[271,1315,281,1290]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 14. Majerthrips and Sennithrips species. (9) M. barrowi micropterous female, ventral; (10) M. barrowi micropterous female, dorsal; (11) M. barrowi apterous female, metanotum and tergites I – II; (12) S. psomus, ventral; (13) S. psomus, dorsal; (14) S. psomus antenna. [ns = prothoracic notopleural suture; ss = metathoracic sternopleural suture]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273406/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
); postocular setae capitate; postocellar setae acute in microptera, capitate in aptera; maxillary stylets retracted to compound eyes, close together in midline, maxillary guides stout; mouth cone pointed. Pronotum transverse, four pairs of capitate major setae present, anteromarginals absent (present in aptera); notopleural sutures complete. Mesonotal lateral setae capitate; metanotum reticulate, transverse in aptera; metanotal median setae acute (capitate in aptera). Prosternal basantra absent, ferna varying from pointed to rounded medially (
<figureCitation id="9D95A7FDFFAAFF8C25408988D0B4FD42" box="[616,690,719,745]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 14" captionStartId="8.[264,382,1318,1342]" captionTargetBox="[274,1315,285,1288]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[271,1315,281,1290]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 14. Majerthrips and Sennithrips species. (9) M. barrowi micropterous female, ventral; (10) M. barrowi micropterous female, dorsal; (11) M. barrowi apterous female, metanotum and tergites I – II; (12) S. psomus, ventral; (13) S. psomus, dorsal; (14) S. psomus antenna. [ns = prothoracic notopleural suture; ss = metathoracic sternopleural suture]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273406/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
); mesopraesternum complete but eroded, particularly in aptera. Metathoracic sternopleural sutures long and curved (
<figureCitation id="9D95A7FDFFAAFF8C24CC89B0D62DFCBA" box="[996,1067,759,785]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 14" captionStartId="8.[264,382,1318,1342]" captionTargetBox="[274,1315,285,1288]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[271,1315,281,1290]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 14. Majerthrips and Sennithrips species. (9) M. barrowi micropterous female, ventral; (10) M. barrowi micropterous female, dorsal; (11) M. barrowi apterous female, metanotum and tergites I – II; (12) S. psomus, ventral; (13) S. psomus, dorsal; (14) S. psomus antenna. [ns = prothoracic notopleural suture; ss = metathoracic sternopleural suture]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273406/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
), sometimes reaching almost hind coxal cavity. Both sexes with large fore femora and fore tarsal tooth. Forewings variable in length, also form of sub­basal setae, reaching thoracic hind margin in microptera, reaching tergite II hind margin in hemimacroptera. Pelta variable, quadrate to D­shaped (
<figureCitation id="9D95A7FDFFAAFF8C268688D0D00EFC1A" box="[430,520,919,945]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 14" captionStartId="8.[264,382,1318,1342]" captionTargetBox="[274,1315,285,1288]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[271,1315,281,1290]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 14. Majerthrips and Sennithrips species. (9) M. barrowi micropterous female, ventral; (10) M. barrowi micropterous female, dorsal; (11) M. barrowi apterous female, metanotum and tergites I – II; (12) S. psomus, ventral; (13) S. psomus, dorsal; (14) S. psomus antenna. [ns = prothoracic notopleural suture; ss = metathoracic sternopleural suture]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273406/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
), but narrowly bell­shaped in aptera (
<figureCitation id="9D95A7FDFFAAFF8C24FE88D0D629FC1A" box="[982,1071,919,945]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 14" captionStartId="8.[264,382,1318,1342]" captionTargetBox="[274,1315,285,1288]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[271,1315,281,1290]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 14. Majerthrips and Sennithrips species. (9) M. barrowi micropterous female, ventral; (10) M. barrowi micropterous female, dorsal; (11) M. barrowi apterous female, metanotum and tergites I – II; (12) S. psomus, ventral; (13) S. psomus, dorsal; (14) S. psomus antenna. [ns = prothoracic notopleural suture; ss = metathoracic sternopleural suture]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273406/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
); tergites II–VI each with 2 pairs of sigmoid wing­retaining setae, in microptera these are strongly developed only on III and IV, on VII they are short and straight as on all tergites of aptera; tergites with one pair of capitate posteromarginal setae, aptera with one pair of capitate setae medially (
<figureCitation id="9D95A7FDFFAAFF8C26568F70D3D2FBFA" box="[382,468,1079,1105]" captionStart="FIGURES 9 – 14" captionStartId="8.[264,382,1318,1342]" captionTargetBox="[274,1315,285,1288]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[271,1315,281,1290]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURES 9 – 14. Majerthrips and Sennithrips species. (9) M. barrowi micropterous female, ventral; (10) M. barrowi micropterous female, dorsal; (11) M. barrowi apterous female, metanotum and tergites I – II; (12) S. psomus, ventral; (13) S. psomus, dorsal; (14) S. psomus antenna. [ns = prothoracic notopleural suture; ss = metathoracic sternopleural suture]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/273406/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
); tergite IX setae S1, S2 and S3 capitate in both sexes. Sternites III–VI of both sexes anterolaterally with areas of specialised reticulation; sternal discal setae small in single transverse row.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4DB4E8F3FFAAFF8C26108FE8D103FB62" box="[312,773,1199,1225]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFAAFF8C26108FE8D103FB62" blockId="6.[264,1324,359,1225]" box="[312,773,1199,1225]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<typeStatus id="DA1505DAFFAAFF8C26108FE8D374FB62" box="[312,370,1199,1225]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Type</typeStatus>
species
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFAAFF8C26FD8FE8D0B8FB63" box="[469,702,1199,1224]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Majerthrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barrow">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFAAFF8C26FD8FE8D0B8FB63" box="[469,702,1199,1224]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Majerthrips barrow</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
i sp.n.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4DB4E8F3FFAAFF8D26208FB8D667FEF5" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="discussion">
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<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFAAFF8C26208FB8D385FAB3" box="[264,387,1279,1304]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Comments" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFAAFF8C26208FB8D385FAB3" box="[264,387,1279,1304]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Comments</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFAAFF8D26108E60D667FEF5" blockId="6.[264,1324,1279,1905]" lastBlockId="7.[264,1323,284,350]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
The
<typeStatus id="DA1505DAFFAAFF8C26468E60D3A6FAEA" box="[366,416,1319,1345]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">type</typeStatus>
species of this new genus has long maxillary stylets that are about 5microns in width, more slender than those of
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species but broader than those of typical
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. These stylets are very similar in their width, and in their length and position medially within the head, to those found in species of the phlaeothripine tribe Docessissophothripini (
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). Moreover, as in most members of that tribe, the pelta is not broad, particularly in apterae, and the males have distinctive iridescent reticulate sculptured areas on sternites III to VII of the abdomen. Two genera of this tribe are known from
<collectingCountry id="7DB9FBE8FFAAFF8C256E8D78D0B3F9F2" box="[582,693,1599,1625]" name="Australia" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Australia</collectingCountry>
.
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFAAFF8C25EB8D78D193F9F2" authority="Karny" authorityName="Karny" box="[707,917,1599,1625]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Holothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFAAFF8C25EB8D78D144F9F3" box="[707,834,1599,1624]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Holothrips</emphasis>
Karny
</taxonomicName>
includes species from around the world, and these have antennal segments VII and VIII more or less fused, and segments III and IV have three and four sense cones respectively.
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<emphasis id="37DA676AFFAAFF8C24598DC8D602F903" box="[881,1028,1679,1704]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Asemothrips</emphasis>
Hood
</taxonomicName>
is used for a group of small species, five Australian and one Indonesian, but these have antennal segments III and IV with two and four sense cones respectively. In contrast, the new species described below has segments III and IV with one and three sense cones respectively. All of the species in the Docessissophothripini appear to be fungus feeders on dead plant tissues. This new species is unusual amongst the members of this tribe in exhibiting polymorphism related to wing development as well as sex. The genus is named in recognition of the many contributions of Jonathan Majer to the studies of Australia’s biodiversity.
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i sp.n.
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(
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)
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<emphasis id="37DA676AFFABFF8D26208968D3D4FDE3" box="[264,466,559,584]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Male microptera</emphasis>
. Body bicoloured, head, thorax and pelta brownish yellow, abdomen brown; legs and antennae yellowish washed with light brown, antennal segments VI–VIII light brown; forewing remnant, and all major setae, pale. Head with reticulate sculpture, particularly posterolaterally; ocelli slightly reduced. Antennal segments V and VI with apices asymmetric. Pronotum with strong median apodeme. Tergites II–VII medially with conspicuous pair of campaniform sensilla and about 6 small setae; tergite IX setae S2 slightly shorter than S1 and S3 but equally capitate.
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<emphasis id="37DA676AFFABFF8D26108800D3E4FCCB" box="[312,482,839,864]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Measurements</emphasis>
.
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male in microns. Body length 2600. Head, length 350; median width 200; postocular setae 50. Pronotum, length 200; median width 370; major setae am 10, aa 30, ml 40, epim 50, pa 40. Mesonotum lateral setae 20. Forewing length 150; basal setae 30. Tergite III median discal setae 20; major marginal setae 50; posteroangular setae 30. Tergite IX setae
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;
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,
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. Tube length 180; basal width 100; distal width 50. Antennal segments III – VIII length 100, 80, 75, 70, 50, 25.
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<emphasis id="37DA676AFFABFF8D26108F70D01EFBFB" box="[312,536,1079,1104]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Female microptera</emphasis>
. Slightly larger than male but very similar in structure, except fore tarsal tooth a little smaller. Body length 2950.
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. Larger than but generally similar to microptera, except as follows. Body and legs brownish yellow, tube dark brown. Head with ocelli small, postocellar setae short and capitate. Pronotal anteromarginal setae short and capitate. Metanotum transverse, median setae capitate; wing remnant and axillary sclerites not developed. Pelta small and bell­shaped; tergites II–VII with one pair of median setae capitate.
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<emphasis id="37DA676AFFABFF8D26108D50D3D6F99B" box="[312,464,1559,1584]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Male aptera</emphasis>
. Similar to female; tergite IX S2 apparently absent; sternites with iridescent reticulation laterally well­developed.
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<emphasis id="37DA676AFFABFF8D26208DC8D3CDF903" box="[264,459,1679,1704]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Material studied</emphasis>
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micropterous male,
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Western
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,
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Island, beating vegetation at head height in gulley, April/May, 2005, Jonathan Majer.
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: 3ɗ 6Ψ micropterae 2Ψ 1ɗ aptera, collected with
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<paragraph id="0511BB78FFADFF8B26208EA9D3FFF9A3" blockId="1.[264,505,1518,1544]" box="[264,505,1518,1544]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<heading id="5E590C14FFADFF8B26208EA9D3FFF9A3" bold="true" box="[264,505,1518,1544]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" reason="1">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFADFF8B26208EA9D3FFF9A3" bold="true" box="[264,505,1518,1544]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFADFF8B26208EA9D3AEF9A3" ID-CoL="Z5R" box="[264,424,1518,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Apostlethrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFADFF8B26208EA9D3AEF9A3" bold="true" box="[264,424,1518,1544]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Apostlethrips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFADFF8826208D7ED387FDDD" blockId="1.[264,1324,1593,1899]" lastBlockId="2.[264,1325,284,670]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
Medium sized, winged or apterous
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFADFF8B25E78D7ED18DF9F8" box="[719,907,1593,1619]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Phlaeothripinae">Phlaeothripinae</taxonomicName>
. Antennae 8­segmented, VI–VIII distinct but broadly connected (Figs 3, 4); III with no major sense cones, IV with 2 sense cones. Head longer than wide, prolonged in front of eyes, cheeks constricted behind eyes, with almost no sculpture; ocellar and postocular setae stout and weakly capitate (Figs 1, 2); maxillary stylets wide apart, low in head. Pronotum transverse, without sculpture; notopleural sutures incomplete; anteromarginal, anteroangular and midlateral setae no larger than discal setae, notopleural setae stout and weakly capitate. Mesonotal lateral setae small, spiracles large with complex internal sculpture. Metanotum without sculpture medially. Prosternal basantra large with transverse posterior margins, ferna pointed medially, spinasternum with 2 setae, mesopraesternum slender and transverse; metathoracic sternopleural sutures not developed. Forewing without duplicated cilia, three sub­basal setae capitate. Fore tarsus with or without small, slender, curved tooth in both sexes. Pelta without sculpture; spiracles on segment I large but spiracles not developed on VIII; tergites II–VII with one or two pairs of stout weakly capitate marginal setae but no wing retaining setae; tergite IX setae capitate; tube tapering, anal setae shorter than width of tube apex (Figs 5, 6). Sternites with prominent marginal setae; no glandular areas in either sex.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="4DB4E8F3FFAEFF88261089C3D117FD35" box="[312,785,644,670]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFAEFF88261089C3D117FD35" blockId="2.[264,1325,284,670]" box="[312,785,644,670]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<typeStatus id="DA1505DAFFAEFF88261089C3D374FD35" box="[312,370,644,670]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Type</typeStatus>
species
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<emphasis id="37DA676AFFAEFF8826FD89C3D0D5FD36" box="[469,723,644,669]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Apostlethrips apostus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2CE9DA11FFAEFF8825F289C3D117FD35" box="[730,785,644,670]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="4DB4E8F3FFAEFF8826208993D3E7F9A5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFAEFF8826208993D385FD46" blockId="2.[264,1324,724,1550]" box="[264,387,724,749]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFAEFF8826208993D385FD46" box="[264,387,724,749]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Comments" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFAEFF8826208993D385FD46" box="[264,387,724,749]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Comments</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFAEFF88261089BBD3E7F9A5" blockId="2.[264,1324,724,1550]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
This new genus is similar in general appearance to many of the species of
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFAEFF88238589BBD348FC95" authority="Hinds" authorityName="Hinds" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Eurythrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFAEFF88238589BBD72CFCBE" box="[1197,1322,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Eurythrips</emphasis>
Hinds
</taxonomicName>
that are so common in leaf litter in eastern North
<collectingCountry id="7DB9FBE8FFAEFF8824B48863D607FC95" box="[924,1025,804,830]" name="United States of America" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">America</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="613FC689FFAEFF8823398863D6B2FC95" author="Mound" box="[1041,1204,804,830]" pageId="2" pageNumber="17" refString="Mound, L. A. (1976) American leaf-litter Thysanoptera of the genera Erkosothrips, Eurythrips and Terthrothrips (Phlaeothripidae: Phlaeothripinae). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History). Entomology, 35, 27 - 64." type="journal article" year="1976">Mound, 1976</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="613FC689FFAEFF8823E98863D706FC95" author="Mound" box="[1217,1280,804,830]" pageId="2" pageNumber="17" refString="Mound, L. A. (1977) Species diversity and the systematics of some New World leaf-litter Thysanoptera (Phlaeothripinae; Glyptothripini). Systematic Entomology, 2, 225 - 244." type="journal article" year="1977">1977</bibRefCitation>
). In common with the members of that genus the prosternal basantra are well­developed, and the pronotal anteromarginal and anteroangular pairs of setae are not elongate. Both species described here differ from all
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFAEFF88255188DBD0F0FC1E" box="[633,758,924,949]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Eurythrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFAEFF88255188DBD0F0FC1E" box="[633,758,924,949]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Eurythrips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(and also most
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFAEFF88249788DBD671FC1D" box="[959,1143,924,950]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Phlaeothripidae</taxonomicName>
worldwide) in having no major sense cones on the third antennal segment (a minute sense cone is present on the external apical margin in a few individuals). Moreover, there appear to be no spiracles on abdominal segment VIII, whereas the mesothoracic spiracles are greatly enlarged with complex internal structure. Also unusual are the following character states: wing retaining setae absent even in macropterae; major setae stout and capitate; tube slender but with anal setae short. These two species were both found at ground level amongst the tussocks of spinifex grasses in the north of Western
<collectingCountry id="7DB9FBE8FFAEFF8823008FF3D690FB65" box="[1064,1174,1204,1230]" name="Australia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Australia</collectingCountry>
, where they probably feed on fungal hyphae. The most common fungus feeding
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFAEFF88230F8F9BD6D9FB5D" box="[1063,1247,1244,1270]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Phlaeothripinae">Phlaeothripinae</taxonomicName>
living at ground level in
<collectingCountry id="7DB9FBE8FFAEFF8826F78E43D048FAB5" box="[479,590,1284,1310]" name="Australia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Australia</collectingCountry>
, usually in leaf litter, are members of the genera
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFAEFF8823A48E43D01CFAED" authority="Priesner (Mound 1996)" authorityName="Priesner (Mound" authorityYear="1996" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Psalidothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFAEFF8823A48E43D72CFAB6" box="[1164,1322,1284,1309]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Psalidothrips</emphasis>
Priesner (
<bibRefCitation id="613FC689FFAEFF88265F8E6BD014FAED" author="Mound" box="[375,530,1324,1350]" pageId="2" pageNumber="17" refString="Mound, L. A. (1996) Thysanoptera. In: Wells, A., Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Volume 26. Psocoptera, Phthiraptera, Thysanoptera. Melbourne. CSIRO Australia, pp. 249 - 336, 397 - 414 (Index)." type="book chapter" year="1996">Mound 1996</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFAEFF88257C8E6BD19FFAED" authority="Mound (2002)" authorityName="Mound" authorityYear="2002" box="[596,921,1324,1350]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Zemiathrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFAEFF88257C8E6BD0E4FAEE" box="[596,738,1324,1349]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Zemiathrips</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="613FC689FFAEFF8825C28E6BD19FFAED" author="Mound" box="[746,921,1324,1350]" pageId="2" pageNumber="17" refString="Mound, L. A. (2002) Zemiathrips; a new genus of fungus-feeding phlaeothripine Thysanoptera in Australian leaf-litter. Australian Journal of Entomology, 41, 209 - 215." type="journal article" year="2002">Mound (2002)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. In both of these, the species have the terminal antennal segments clearly distinct from each other rather than broadly joined. Moreover,
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFAEFF8826A68E3BD02AFA3E" box="[398,556,1404,1429]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Psalidothrips" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFAEFF8826A68E3BD02AFA3E" box="[398,556,1404,1429]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Psalidothrips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species differ in lacking prosternal basantra, and
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFAEFF8823B58E3BD72DFA3E" box="[1181,1323,1404,1429]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Zemiathrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFAEFF8823B58E3BD72DFA3E" box="[1181,1323,1404,1429]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Zemiathrips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species have unusually long body setae. This genus is named in recognition of the efforts of Tony Postle of the Northern
<collectingCountry id="7DB9FBE8FFAEFF8825528E8BD0E3FA4D" box="[634,741,1484,1510]" name="Australia" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Australia</collectingCountry>
Quarantine Service in surveying the insect fauna of the North West.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4DB4E8F3FFAEFF8926208D03D72DFE7E" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="key">
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFAEFF8826208D03D3B6F9F6" blockId="2.[264,432,1604,1629]" box="[264,432,1604,1629]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFAEFF8826208D03D3B6F9F6" box="[264,432,1604,1629]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Key to species</emphasis>
</paragraph>
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<keyStep id="BE5AA3DDFFAEFF8926208DD3D72DFE7E" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFAEFF8826208DD3D72DF8E6" blockId="2.[264,1323,1684,1870]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<keyLead id="BE5F184DFFAEFF8826208DD3D72DF8E6" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
1. Antennal segment III about 1.5 times as long as wide (Fig. 3); head with one pair of stout ocellar setae (Fig. 1); fore tarsus with minute curved tooth in both sexes; notopleural sutures almost complete, posteroangular and notopleural setae equal in size; tergites II–VII with one pair of stout marginal setae; tergite IX with 3 pairs of stout setae (Fig. 5)
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFAEFF8825358C73D72DF8E6" box="[541,1323,1844,1869]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
..............................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFAEFF8823FA8C73D72DF8E6" ID-CoL="FVHH" box="[1234,1323,1844,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Apostlethrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apostus">apostus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFAFFF8926208A5BD72DFE7E" blockId="3.[264,1323,284,470]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="BE5F184DFFAFFF8926208A5BD72DFE7E" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
­. Antennal segment III more than 2.0 times as long as wide (Fig. 4); head with three pairs of stout ocellar setae (Fig. 2); fore tarsus without a tooth in either sex; notopleural sutures very short, notopleural setae arising from tubercle, posteroangular setae minute; tergites II–VII with two pairs of stout marginal setae; tergite IX with at least 6 pairs of stout setae (Fig. 6)
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFAFFF89255D8AFBD72DFE7E" box="[629,1323,444,469]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
.....................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFAFFF8923CF8AFBD72DFE7E" ID-CoL="FVHK" box="[1255,1323,444,469]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Apostlethrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pygus">pygus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</key>
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</treatment>
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<paragraph id="0511BB78FFAFFF8926208973D04AFDE6" blockId="3.[264,588,563,625]" box="[264,588,563,590]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFAFFF8926208973D00CFDE5" ID-CoL="FVHH" box="[264,522,564,590]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Apostlethrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apostus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFAFFF8926208973D00CFDE5" box="[264,522,564,590]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Apostlethrips apostus</emphasis>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="2CE9DA11FFAFFF89253A8974D04AFDE6" box="[530,588,563,589]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">sp.n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<paragraph id="0511BB78FFAFFF8926208910D3BAFDDA" blockId="3.[264,588,563,625]" box="[264,444,599,625]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">(Figs 1, 3, 5, 7)</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="4DB4E8F3FFAFFF89262089E0D608FA12" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFAFFF89262089E0D02FFBFA" blockId="3.[264,1325,679,1465]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFAFFF89262089E0D3F1FD6B" box="[264,503,679,704]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Female macroptera</emphasis>
. Body and legs largely yellow, light brown shadings present on external margin of legs, anterior margin of head and apex of tube; antennal segments VI – VIII light brown, IV–V brownish yellow; wings and major setae pale. Head with eyes slightly bulging, one pair of stout setae on anterior margins of ocellar triangle; postocular setae short (Fig. 1). Pronotum smooth with notopleural setae almost complete, posteroangular setae as long as notopleural setae. Mesonotum with some sculpture. Metanotum smooth medially with one pair of small stout setae; pelta small, occupying about half the width of tergite II; tergites II–VII with median setae small, posterior margins with one pair of stout setae and one pair of small setae, posteroangular setae straight (Fig. 7); tergite IX truncate with 3 pairs of stout setae; tube slender, dorsal pair of anal setae slightly capitate (Fig. 5).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFAFFF8926108F18D1A3FAEA" blockId="3.[264,1325,679,1465]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFAFFF8926108F18D3E4FBD3" box="[312,482,1119,1144]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Measurements</emphasis>
.
<typeStatus id="DA1505DAFFAFFF8926DD8F18D064FBD2" box="[501,610,1119,1145]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
female in microns. Body length 1450. Head, length 175; maximum width 170; postocular setae 20; ocellar setae 20. Pronotum, length 125; median width 220; major setae am 10, aa 8, ml 8, epim 50, pa 40. Forewing length 660; basal setae 18, 33, 35. Tergite III, median discal setae 10; major marginal setae 25; posteroangular setae 20. Tergite IX setae
<geoCoordinate id="609ADDBFFFAFFF8925628FB8D093FAB2" box="[586,661,1279,1305]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="925" value="-1.6666667">S1 40</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate id="609ADDBFFFAFFF89258C8FB8D0E8FAB2" box="[676,750,1279,1305]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="925" value="-3.0833335">S2 65</geoCoordinate>
;
<geoCoordinate id="609ADDBFFFAFFF8925D78FB8D14CFAB2" box="[767,842,1279,1305]" direction="south" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="925" value="-3.6666667">S3 40</geoCoordinate>
. Tube length 150; dorsal anal setae 25. Antennal segments III–VIII length 37, 45, 45, 42, 35, 30.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFAFFF8926108E08D06BFA3A" blockId="3.[264,1325,679,1465]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFAFFF8926108E08D3EFFAC3" box="[312,489,1359,1384]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Female aptera</emphasis>
. Similar to macroptera but ocelli absent, meso and metanota with additional pairs of small setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFAFFF8926108ED8D608FA12" blockId="3.[264,1325,679,1465]" box="[312,1038,1439,1465]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFAFFF8926108ED8D3C1FA13" box="[312,455,1439,1464]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Male aptera</emphasis>
. Similar to female but smaller, body length 1270.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4DB4E8F3FFAFFF8E26208EA8D054F9A9" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFAFFF8926208EA8D3CDF9A3" blockId="3.[264,1323,1519,1825]" box="[264,459,1519,1544]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFAFFF8926208EA8D3CDF9A3" box="[264,459,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Material studied</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFAFFF8926108D50D120F9F2" blockId="3.[264,1323,1519,1825]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<typeStatus id="DA1505DAFFAFFF8926108D50D3A3F99A" box="[312,421,1559,1585]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
female macroptera.
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFAFFF8925808D51D195F99B" bold="true" box="[680,915,1558,1584]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Western
<collectingCountry id="7DB9FBE8FFAFFF8924368D51D195F99B" box="[798,915,1558,1584]" name="Australia" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Australia</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
, Fitzroy Crossing, Geike Gorge, from soft
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFAFFF8926548D78D3D7F9F3" box="[380,465,1599,1624]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Triodia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFAFFF8926548D78D3D7F9F3" box="[380,465,1599,1624]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Triodia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.,
<date id="71109DB8FFAFFF8925218D78D086F9F2" box="[521,640,1599,1625]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2005-02-27">27.ii.2005</date>
(LAM 4625).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFAFFF8926108D20D194F92A" blockId="3.[264,1323,1519,1825]" box="[312,914,1639,1665]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<typeStatus id="DA1505DAFFAFFF8926108D20D3A8F92A" box="[312,430,1639,1665]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<specimenCount id="13A870F1FFAFFF8926918D20D03FF92A" box="[441,569,1639,1665]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="female">35 females</specimenCount>
<specimenCount id="13A870F1FFAFFF8925688D20D09CF92A" box="[576,666,1639,1665]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="male">2 males</specimenCount>
taken with
<typeStatus id="DA1505DAFFAFFF89240C8D20D189F92A" box="[804,911,1639,1665]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFAFFF8926108DC8D148F88A" blockId="3.[264,1323,1519,1825]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Non­paratypic specimens:
<specimenCount id="13A870F1FFAFFF89255D8DC8D0DBF902" box="[629,733,1679,1705]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
aptera,
<specimenCount id="13A870F1FFAFFF8924158DC8D1A2F902" box="[829,932,1679,1705]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
macroptera, from sticky
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFAFFF8923FC8DC8D72CF903" box="[1236,1322,1679,1704]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Triodia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFAFFF8923FC8DC8D72CF903" box="[1236,1322,1679,1704]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Triodia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp., Kununurra Gorge,
<date id="71109DB8FFAFFF8925368DF0D093F97A" box="[542,661,1719,1745]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2005-02-23">23.ii.2005</date>
(LAM 4577);
<specimenCount id="13A870F1FFAFFF8924638DF0D1B2F97A" box="[843,948,1719,1745]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="female">2 female</specimenCount>
apterae,
<specimenCount id="13A870F1FFAFFF89230C8DF0D670F97A" box="[1060,1142,1719,1745]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="male">4 male</specimenCount>
apterae,
<quantity id="C256169DFFAFFF8923CE8DF0D72FF97A" box="[1254,1321,1719,1745]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="km" value="30.0">30km</quantity>
south of Wyndham,
<date id="71109DB8FFAFFF8926DD8D98D06AF952" box="[501,620,1759,1785]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2005-02-26">26.ii.2005</date>
(LAM 4619);
<specimenCount id="13A870F1FFAFFF8924318D98D179F952" box="[793,895,1759,1785]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
aptera, Broome, coastal sand dunes, from base of
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFAFFF89268C8C40D3FCF88B" box="[420,506,1799,1824]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Triodia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Poales" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFAFFF89268C8C40D3FCF88B" box="[420,506,1799,1824]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Triodia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.,
<date id="71109DB8FFAFFF8925198C40D0AFF88A" box="[561,681,1799,1825]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2005-02-28">28.ii.2005</date>
(LAM 4640).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFA8FF8E26208ED8D054F9A9" blockId="4.[264,1323,1439,1538]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA8FF8E26208ED8D3B3FA1C" bold="true" box="[264,437,1439,1463]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">FIGURES 1–8.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFA8FF8E26958ED8D04DFA1D" box="[445,587,1439,1462]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Apostlethrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA8FF8E26958ED8D04DFA1D" box="[445,587,1439,1462]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Apostlethrips</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species. 1, 3, 5, 7,
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFA8FF8E24098ED8D194FA1D" box="[801,914,1439,1462]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Apostlethrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="apostus">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA8FF8E24098ED8D194FA1D" box="[801,914,1439,1462]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">A. apostus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 2, 4, 6, 8,
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFA8FF8E233B8ED8D676FA1D" box="[1043,1136,1439,1462]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Apostlethrips" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pygus">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA8FF8E233B8ED8D676FA1D" box="[1043,1136,1439,1462]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">A. pygus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA8FF8E23578ED8D6BDFA1C" bold="true" box="[1151,1211,1439,1463]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">(1, 2)</emphasis>
Head and pronotum;
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA8FF8E26568E82D3B1FA76" bold="true" box="[382,439,1477,1501]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">(3, 4)</emphasis>
Antenna;
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA8FF8E250F8E82D066FA76" bold="true" box="[551,608,1477,1501]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">(5, 6)</emphasis>
Tergites VIII–X;
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA8FF8E24368E82D13BFA76" bold="true" box="[798,829,1477,1501]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">(7)</emphasis>
Tergites I–III;
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA8FF8E24F58E82D1FAFA76" bold="true" box="[989,1020,1477,1501]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">(8)</emphasis>
Pterothorax and pelta. [ns = prothoracic notopleural suture]
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4DB4E8F3FFA8FF8F26208D27D707FEF5" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFA8FF8E26208D27D385F9D2" blockId="4.[264,1323,1632,1898]" box="[264,387,1632,1657]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<taxonomicName id="C2AEC0FBFFA8FF8E26208D27D385F9D2" box="[264,387,1632,1657]" class="Insecta" family="Phlaeothripidae" genus="Comments" kingdom="Animalia" order="Thysanoptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="37DA676AFFA8FF8E26208D27D385F9D2" box="[264,387,1632,1657]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Comments</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0511BB78FFA8FF8F26108DCFD707FEF5" blockId="4.[264,1323,1632,1898]" lastBlockId="5.[264,1324,284,350]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Of the available females, three are apterae, one (the
<typeStatus id="DA1505DAFFA8FF8E248D8DCFD60BF909" box="[933,1037,1672,1698]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
) is fully winged, but all the rest are de­alate with the distal half of the wings broken away. When alive, this species was noted to carry around on the apex of the abdomen a large plug of black material, although this was washed away in the collecting fluid. The two specimens (LAM 4577) excluded from the
<typeStatus id="DA1505DAFFA8FF8E26C78C6FD027F8E9" box="[495,545,1832,1858]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">type</typeStatus>
series have abdominal tergites eight and nine more extensively dark brown, also the apex of the tube, and the macroptera has the lateral margins of the pterothorax brown. The remaining seven specimens (LAM 4619, 4640) have the tube uniformly dark brown with tergite IX also dark, and apparently lack a fore tarsal tooth.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="6EF7614BED2EF6BE8665B6AECBFC095E">Another ghost of Gondwana-Progradungula barringtonensis Michalik &amp; Smith, sp. nov., a new species of the relict spider genus Progradungula (Araneae: Gradungulidae) from a temperate rainforest in eastern Australia</mods:title>
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<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D717DE01A1730598FF368609" bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">
<taxonomicName id="C2AE4D56D717DE01A1730598FD1D87E9" authority="Michalik &amp; Smith" authorityName="Michalik &amp; Smith &amp; Milledge &amp; Harms" authorityYear="2024" box="[122,765,730,755]" class="Arachnida" family="Gradungulidae" genus="Progradungula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barringtonensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D717DE01A1730598FE1587E9" bold="true" box="[122,501,730,755]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">Progradungula barringtonensis</emphasis>
Michalik &amp; Smith
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2CE957BCD717DE01A17305B9FF368609" box="[122,214,763,787]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4DB4655ED717DE01A1710459FE038649" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" type="description">
<paragraph id="051136D5D717DE01A1710459FE038649" blockId="3.[120,769,730,851]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">
https://zoobank.org/
<uri id="713F3AD7D717DE01A0500459FE038649" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="71080C00D717DE01A3560459FE038649" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">A0674A9B-7BAE-4DE7-A900-FFEA978A7E7E</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4DB4655ED717DE01A17304D5FCE08349" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="051136D5D717DE01A17304D5FE6486AE" blockId="3.[122,388,919,948]" box="[122,388,919,948]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D717DE01A17304D5FE6486AE" bold="true" box="[122,388,919,948]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">Material examined</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="051136D5D717DE01A173049BFF0486E9" blockId="3.[122,228,985,1011]" box="[122,228,985,1011]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D717DE01A173049BFF0486E9" box="[122,228,985,1011]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">
<typeStatus id="DA158877D717DE01A173049BFF0486E9" box="[122,228,985,1011]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="051136D5D717DE01A1730359FDE58189" blockId="3.[122,769,1051,1171]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">
<materialsCitation id="B5C63C88D717DE01A1730359FDE58189" collectingDate="2019-11-14" collectionCode="AMS" collectorName="Peter Michalik &amp; Helen Smith" country="Australia" location="Barrington Tops National Park" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="New South Wales" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCount id="13A8FD5CD717DE01A1730359FF6B8129" box="[122,139,1051,1075]" count="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
‘
<collectingCountry id="7DB97645D717DE01A1A90359FF1E8129" box="[160,254,1051,1075]" name="Australia" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">Australia</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="C76AF837D717DE01A0070359FE398129" box="[270,473,1051,1075]" country="Australia" name="New South Wales" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">New South Wales</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="0071600ED717DE01A0E00359FF4B8149" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8D0787C3D717DE05A1730598FB7D8329:0071600ED717DE01A0E00359FF4B8149" country="Australia" name="Barrington Tops National Park" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" stateProvince="New South Wales">Barrington Tops National Park</location>
,
<date id="71101015D717DE01A1BD0379FE658149" box="[180,389,1083,1107]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" value="2019-11-14">
<collectingDate id="6154E9FDD717DE01A1BD0379FE658149" box="[180,389,1083,1107]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" value="2019-11-14">14-November-2019</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectorName id="A85B5303D717DE01A0B50379FDB28149" box="[444,594,1083,1107]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">Peter Michalik</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="A85B5303D717DE01A3790379FD1C8149" box="[624,764,1083,1107]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">Helen Smith’</collectorName>
; ‘
<collectorName id="A85B5303D717DE01A18B0319FEFB8169" box="[130,283,1115,1139]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">Databased KS</collectorName>
.129955 AMS’; ‘
<typeStatus id="DA158877D717DE01A0CA0319FDC78169" box="[451,551,1115,1139]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" type="holotype">
<collectorName id="A85B5303D717DE01A0CA0319FDC78169" box="[451,551,1115,1139]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">Holotype</collectorName>
</typeStatus>
:
<taxonomicName id="C2AE4D56D717DE01A33A0319FEB58189" authority="Michalik" authorityName="Michalik &amp; Smith &amp; Milledge &amp; Harms" authorityYear="2024" class="Arachnida" family="Gradungulidae" genus="Progradungula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barringtonensis">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D717DE01A33A0319FF168189" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">Progradungula barringtonensis</emphasis>
Michalik
</taxonomicName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="A85B5303D717DE01A07B0339FE598189" box="[370,441,1147,1171]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">Smith’</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="63BFAE10D717DE01A0CC0339FE1B8189" box="[453,507,1147,1171]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">AMS</collectionCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="051136D5D717DE01A17303FBFE4181C9" blockId="3.[122,417,1209,1235]" box="[122,417,1209,1235]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D717DE01A17303FBFE4181C9" box="[122,417,1209,1235]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">Other material examined</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="051136D5D717DE01A17303B9FE6A80A9" blockId="3.[122,770,1275,1619]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">
<materialsCitation id="B5C63C88D717DE01A17303B9FED98029" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" specimenCode="ZMH-A0010454" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-immature="1">
<specimenCount id="13A8FD5CD717DE01A17303B9FED48009" box="[122,308,1275,1299]" count="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" type="immature">One immature</specimenCount>
with same data as the type (
<specimenCode id="55089EAED717DE01A1760259FED28029" box="[127,306,1307,1331]" collectionCode="ZMH-A" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">ZMH-A0010454</specimenCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="B5C63C88D717DE01A0450259FF178069" collectingDate="2016-03-03" collectionCode="AMS" collectorName="Graham Milledge &amp; Helen Smith" country="Australia" location="Barrington Tops National Park" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-immature="1" stateProvince="New South Wales">
<specimenCount id="13A8FD5CD717DE01A0450259FE1B8029" box="[332,507,1307,1331]" count="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" type="immature">One immature</specimenCount>
, locality as holotype,
<date id="71101015D717DE01A1730279FEF78049" box="[122,279,1339,1363]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" value="2016-03-03">
<collectingDate id="6154E9FDD717DE01A1730279FEF78049" box="[122,279,1339,1363]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" value="2016-03-03">3 March 2016</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectorName id="A85B5303D717DE01A05B0279FDF38049" box="[338,531,1339,1363]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">Graham Milledge</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="A85B5303D717DE01A33D0279FD5F8049" box="[564,703,1339,1363]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">Helen Smith</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="63BFAE10D717DE01A3C50279FCE18049" box="[716,769,1339,1363]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">AMS</collectionCode>
KS.125999)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="B5C63C88D717DE01A00B0219FE6580A9" collectingDate="2019-11-15" collectorName="Peter Michalik &amp; Helen Smith" country="Australia" location="Barrington Tops National Park" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-immature="1" stateProvince="New South Wales">
<specimenCount id="13A8FD5CD717DE01A00B0219FE458069" box="[258,421,1371,1395]" count="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" type="immature">One immature</specimenCount>
found in different part of
<location id="0071600ED717DE01A3DC0219FE458089" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8D0787C3D717DE05A1730598FB7D8329:0071600ED717DE01A3DC0219FE458089" country="Australia" name="Barrington Tops National Park" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" stateProvince="New South Wales">Barrington Tops National Park</location>
(
<date id="71101015D717DE01A0BA0239FD6D8089" box="[435,653,1403,1427]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" value="2019-11-15">
<collectingDate id="6154E9FDD717DE01A0BA0239FD6D8089" box="[435,653,1403,1427]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" value="2019-11-15">15 November 2019</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg.
<collectorName id="A85B5303D717DE01A3CE0239FF3680A9" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">Peter Michalik</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="A85B5303D717DE01A1FA02D9FE9F80A9" box="[243,383,1435,1459]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">Helen Smith</collectorName>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="051136D5D717DE01A1AB02F9FCE08349" blockId="3.[122,770,1275,1619]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">
The following material was examined for comparison:
<taxonomicName id="C2AE4D56D717DE01A1730299FF1C80E9" authorityName="Forster &amp; Gray" authorityYear="1979" box="[122,252,1499,1523]" class="Arachnida" family="Gradungulidae" genus="Progradungula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carraiensis">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D717DE01A1730299FF1C80E9" box="[122,252,1499,1523]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">P. carraiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(female
<typeStatus id="DA158877D717DE01A0500299FE5780E9" box="[345,439,1499,1523]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
[
<collectionCode id="63BFAE10D717DE01A0CA0299FE1680E9" box="[451,502,1499,1523]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">AMS</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="63BFAE10D717DE01A0F40299FDFB80E9" box="[509,539,1499,1523]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">KS</collectionCode>
.1583] and male [
<collectionCode id="63BFAE10D717DE01A3C70299FCE180E9" box="[718,769,1499,1523]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">AMS</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="63BFAE10D717DE01A17302B9FF788309" box="[122,152,1531,1555]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">KS</collectionCode>
.6740], Carrai State Forest,
<collectingRegion id="C76AF837D717DE01A0CF02B9FD728309" box="[454,658,1531,1555]" country="Australia" name="New South Wales" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">New South Wales</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="7DB97645D717DE01A3AA02B9FD1F8309" box="[675,767,1531,1555]" name="Australia" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">Australia</collectingCountry>
;
<collectionCode id="63BFAE10D717DE01A1730159FF4E8329" box="[122,174,1563,1587]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">AMS</collectionCode>
);
<taxonomicName id="C2AE4D56D717DE01A1B70159FEA88329" authorityName="Milledge" authorityYear="1997" box="[190,328,1563,1587]" class="Arachnida" family="Gradungulidae" genus="Progradungula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="otwayensis">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D717DE01A1B70159FEA88329" box="[190,328,1563,1587]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">P. otwayensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(female [
<collectionCode id="63BFAE10D717DE01A0A50159FE078329" box="[428,487,1563,1587]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a2g1-8ssa" name="Zoologisches Institut und Museum Greifswald" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" type="University or college">ZIMG</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="63BFAE10D717DE01A0F90159FE198329" box="[496,505,1563,1587]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">II</collectionCode>
/28128] and male [
<collectionCode id="63BFAE10D717DE01A3CF0159FCE18329" box="[710,769,1563,1587]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a2g1-8ssa" name="Zoologisches Institut und Museum Greifswald" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" type="University or college">ZIMG</collectionCode>
<collectionCode id="63BFAE10D717DE01A1730179FF648349" box="[122,132,1595,1619]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">II</collectionCode>
/28127], Great Otway National Park,
<collectingRegion id="C76AF837D717DE01A0F70179FDAE8349" box="[510,590,1595,1619]" country="Australia" name="Victoria" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">Victoria</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="7DB97645D717DE01A35F0179FD518349" box="[598,689,1595,1619]" name="Australia" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">Australia</collectingCountry>
;
<collectionCode id="63BFAE10D717DE01A3B30179FD168349" box="[698,758,1595,1619]" country="Germany" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/a2g1-8ssa" name="Zoologisches Institut und Museum Greifswald" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" type="University or college">ZIMG</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4DB4655ED717DE01A17301D5FA4F8449" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="051136D5D717DE01A17301D5FEE583AE" blockId="3.[122,261,1687,1716]" box="[122,261,1687,1716]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D717DE01A17301D5FEE583AE" bold="true" box="[122,261,1687,1716]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">Diagnosis</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="051136D5D717DE01A1730199FA4F8449" blockId="3.[122,770,1755,1971]" lastBlockId="3.[818,1467,123,339]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">
<taxonomicName id="C2AE4D56D717DE01A1730199FE5D83E9" authorityName="Michalik &amp; Smith &amp; Milledge &amp; Harms" authorityYear="2024" box="[122,445,1755,1779]" class="Arachnida" family="Gradungulidae" genus="Progradungula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barringtonensis">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D717DE01A1730199FE5D83E9" box="[122,445,1755,1779]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">Progradungula barringtonensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is significantly larger in body size compared to both other known
<taxonomicName id="C2AE4D56D717DE01A31901B9FCE18209" box="[528,769,1787,1811]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D717DE01A31901B9FD4B8209" box="[528,683,1787,1811]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">Progradungula</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
(male carapace length as proxy;
<taxonomicName id="C2AE4D56D717DE01A3000059FD2B8229" authorityName="Michalik &amp; Smith &amp; Milledge &amp; Harms" authorityYear="2024" box="[521,715,1819,1843]" class="Arachnida" family="Gradungulidae" genus="Progradungula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barringtonensis">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D717DE01A3000059FD2B8229" box="[521,715,1819,1843]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">P. barringtonensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
7.5, Figure 2a;
<taxonomicName id="C2AE4D56D717DE01A1E40079FE938249" authorityName="Forster &amp; Gray" authorityYear="1979" box="[237,371,1851,1875]" class="Arachnida" family="Gradungulidae" genus="Progradungula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carraiensis">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D717DE01A1E40079FE938249" box="[237,371,1851,1875]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">P. carraiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
5.03, Figure 4a [see
<bibRefCitation id="613F4B24D717DE01A3500079FD278249" author="Gray, M. R." box="[601,711,1851,1875]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" pagination="51 - 58" refId="ref5271" refString="Gray, M. R. (1983) The male of Progradungula carraiensis Forster and Gray (Araneae, Gradungulidae) with observations on the web and prey capture. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of new South Wales, 107, 51 - 58." type="journal article" year="1983">Gray 1983</bibRefCitation>
] and
<taxonomicName id="C2AE4D56D717DE01A1730019FEE58269" authorityName="Milledge" authorityYear="1997" box="[122,261,1883,1907]" class="Arachnida" family="Gradungulidae" genus="Progradungula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="otwayensis">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D717DE01A1730019FEE58269" box="[122,261,1883,1907]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">P. otwayensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
5.42 [see
<bibRefCitation id="613F4B24D717DE01A0710019FDF18269" author="Milledge, G. A." box="[376,529,1883,1907]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" pagination="65 - 68" refId="ref6175" refString="Milledge, G. A. (1997) A new species of Progradungula Forster and Gray (Araneae: Gradungulidae) from Victoria. Memoirs of Museum Victoria, 56 (1), 65 - 68. Available from: https: // doi. org / 10.24199 / j. mmv. 1997.56.02" type="journal article" year="1997">Milledge 1997</bibRefCitation>
]). It is most similar to
<taxonomicName id="C2AE4D56D717DE01A1730039FEE48289" authorityName="Forster &amp; Gray" authorityYear="1979" box="[122,260,1915,1939]" class="Arachnida" family="Gradungulidae" genus="Progradungula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carraiensis">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D717DE01A1730039FEE48289" box="[122,260,1915,1939]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">P. carraiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having male genitalia with a bifurcated process of the embolus (Figures 3c and 4d, but clearly differs by the size and position of the tegular median apophysis (Figures 3c and 4d; compare
<bibRefCitation id="613F4B24D717DE01A5AB07D9FAF985A9" author="Gray, M. R." box="[1186,1305,155,179]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" pagination="51 - 58" refId="ref5271" refString="Gray, M. R. (1983) The male of Progradungula carraiensis Forster and Gray (Araneae, Gradungulidae) with observations on the web and prey capture. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of new South Wales, 107, 51 - 58." type="journal article" year="1983">Gray [1983</bibRefCitation>
, Figures 3 and 4]).
<taxonomicName id="C2AE4D56D717DE01A25007F9FBEE85C9" authorityName="Michalik &amp; Smith &amp; Milledge &amp; Harms" authorityYear="2024" box="[857,1038,187,211]" class="Arachnida" family="Gradungulidae" genus="Progradungula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barringtonensis">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D717DE01A25007F9FBEE85C9" box="[857,1038,187,211]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">P. barringtonensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles
<taxonomicName id="C2AE4D56D717DE01A58E07F9FAEF85C9" authorityName="Milledge" authorityYear="1997" box="[1159,1295,187,211]" class="Arachnida" family="Gradungulidae" genus="Progradungula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="otwayensis">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D717DE01A58E07F9FAEF85C9" box="[1159,1295,187,211]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">P. otwayensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having male genitalia with a similar positioned large tegular median apophysis, but clearly differs by a distally only slightly bent embolus with a bifurcated process (Figures 3c; compare
<bibRefCitation id="613F4B24D717DE01A4840659FC4B8449" author="Milledge, G. A." pageId="3" pageNumber="75" pagination="65 - 68" refId="ref6175" refString="Milledge, G. A. (1997) A new species of Progradungula Forster and Gray (Araneae: Gradungulidae) from Victoria. Memoirs of Museum Victoria, 56 (1), 65 - 68. Available from: https: // doi. org / 10.24199 / j. mmv. 1997.56.02" type="journal article" year="1997">Milledge (1997</bibRefCitation>
, Figures 1–3) and
<bibRefCitation id="613F4B24D717DE01A5620679FADD8449" author="Michalik, P. &amp; Piacentini, L. &amp; Lipke, E. &amp; Ramirez, M. J." box="[1131,1341,315,339]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" pagination="101 - 112" refId="ref6025" refString="Michalik, P., Piacentini, L., Lipke, E. &amp; Ramirez, M. J. (2013) The enigmatic Otway odd-clawed spider (Progradungula otwayensis Milledge, 1997, Gradungulidae, Araneae): natural history, first description of the female and micro-computed tomography of the male palpal organ. Zookeys, 335 (335), 101 - 112. Available from: https: // doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 335.6030" type="journal article" year="2013">Michalik et al. [2013</bibRefCitation>
, Figure 5]).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4DB4655ED717DE05A23B06D5FD2C8169" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" type="description">
<paragraph id="051136D5D717DE01A23B06D5FC2A84AE" blockId="3.[818,970,407,436]" box="[818,970,407,436]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">Description</paragraph>
<paragraph id="051136D5D717DE01A23B0699FA7484E9" blockId="3.[818,1428,475,499]" box="[818,1428,475,499]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">
Based on male
<typeStatus id="DA158877D717DE01A2D40699FBA084E9" box="[989,1088,475,499]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<collectionCode id="63BFAE10D717DE01A5440699FB6284E9" box="[1101,1154,475,499]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">AMS</collectionCode>
KS.129955; Figures 2–3).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="051136D5D717DE01A23B0558FA6687E9" blockId="3.[818,1468,538,755]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D717DE01A23B0558FC018729" bold="true" box="[818,993,538,563]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">Measurements.</emphasis>
Carapace length 7.5; carapace width 5.1; caput width 2.7; abdomen length 7.6; abdomen width 4.6. Legs: length of segments (femur + patella/tibia + metatarsus + tarsus = total length): I: 14.2 + 17.1 + 17.3 + 3.7 = 52.3,
<collectionCode id="63BFAE10D717DE01A52305D9FBD887A9" box="[1066,1080,667,691]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">II</collectionCode>
: 12.4 + 13.7 + 13.4 + 3.6 = 43.1,
<collectionCode id="63BFAE10D717DE01A23B05F9FCA687C9" box="[818,838,699,723]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">III</collectionCode>
: 10.4 + 11.5 + 11.2 + 2.6 = 35.7,
<collectionCode id="63BFAE10D717DE01A5F105F9FAEF87C9" box="[1272,1295,699,723]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">IV</collectionCode>
: 12.7 + 13.5 + 12.8 + 2.7 = 41.7, palp: 4.1 + 3.7 + + 2.7 = 9.4.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="051136D5D717DE01A23B0458FA6386C9" blockId="3.[818,1467,794,979]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D717DE01A23B0458FBC98629" bold="true" box="[818,1065,794,819]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">General appearance.</emphasis>
Carapace yellowish brown, darker in eye region. Chelicerae, maxillae and labium dark reddish brown. Sternum reddish brown marginally, paler centrally. Legs yellowish brown. Abdomen dark brown. Carapace longer than wide, widest between coxae
<collectionCode id="63BFAE10D717DE01A47204D9FA6786A9" box="[1403,1415,923,947]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">II</collectionCode>
and
<collectionCode id="63BFAE10D717DE01A23B04F9FCA686C9" box="[818,838,955,979]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">III</collectionCode>
. Cephalic area elevated behind eyes. Fovea pit-like.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="051136D5D717DE01A23B04B8FC978189" blockId="3.[818,1467,1018,1171]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D717DE01A23B04B8FC8C8109" bold="true" box="[818,876,1018,1043]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">Eyes.</emphasis>
Frontal view: anterior row straight to slightly recurved, posterior row slightly procurved. Dorsal view: anterior row slightly recurved, posterior row slightly recurved. Clypeus height 0.45. AME black, remainder white.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="051136D5D717DE01A23B03F8FAD381C9" blockId="3.[818,1331,1210,1235]" box="[818,1331,1210,1235]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D717DE01A23B03F8FC5081C9" bold="true" box="[818,944,1210,1235]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">Chelicerae.</emphasis>
Strong, vertical, slightly divergent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="051136D5D717DE01A23B03B8FC6D8049" blockId="3.[818,1466,1274,1363]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D717DE01A23B03B8FC7C8009" bold="true" box="[818,924,1274,1299]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">Maxillae.</emphasis>
Subparallel, external margin strongly curved and ending anteriorly in a bluntly pointed apex. Serrula present.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="051136D5D717DE01A23B0238FC9A80C9" blockId="3.[818,1468,1402,1491]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D717DE01A23B0238FC6F8089" bold="true" box="[818,911,1402,1427]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">Labium.</emphasis>
Free. Length 0.8, width 0.9. Apical margin indented, lateral margin subparallel below, sloping in towards apex above.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="051136D5D717DE01A23B02B8FC738349" blockId="3.[818,1466,1530,1619]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D717DE01A23B02B8FC7B8309" bold="true" box="[818,923,1530,1555]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">Sternum.</emphasis>
Length 4.1, width 2.2. Elongate, shield-shaped with pointed apex which extends back midway between coxae
<collectionCode id="63BFAE10D717DE01A2710179FC6F8349" box="[888,911,1595,1619]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">IV</collectionCode>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="051136D5D717DE01A23B0138FC188249" blockId="3.[818,1467,1658,1875]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D717DE01A23B0138FC8C8389" bold="true" box="[818,876,1658,1683]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">Legs.</emphasis>
1243. Trochanters shallowly notched. Superior claws of leg I and
<collectionCode id="63BFAE10D717DE01A2B701D9FC2A83A9" box="[958,970,1691,1715]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">II</collectionCode>
dissimilar, with raptorial proclaws long and strongly developed, retroclaws shorter. Inferior claws of legs I and
<collectionCode id="63BFAE10D717DE01A2A20199FC5783E9" box="[939,951,1755,1779]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">II</collectionCode>
slender and strongly hooked. Superior claws of legs
<collectionCode id="63BFAE10D717DE01A28E01B9FC798209" box="[903,921,1787,1811]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">III</collectionCode>
and
<collectionCode id="63BFAE10D717DE01A2DC01B9FC0A8209" box="[981,1002,1787,1811]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">IV</collectionCode>
similar. Accessory claw setae on all tarsi. Distal half of tarsus I and
<collectionCode id="63BFAE10D717DE01A5440059FBB98229" box="[1101,1113,1819,1843]" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">II</collectionCode>
with strong ventral setae. Calamistrum reduced.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="051136D5D717DE05A23B0038FE1886C9" blockId="3.[818,1467,1914,1971]" lastBlockId="7.[122,769,891,979]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D717DE01A23B0038FC478289" bold="true" box="[818,935,1914,1939]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="75">Abdomen.</emphasis>
Vestigial cribellum, with very narrow spinning field, as wide as basal span of anterior spinnerets (Figure 3e,i). Anterior and posterior book lungs well separated. Spiracles of posterior lung books well separated but joined by a transverse groove.
</paragraph>
<caption id="51D1665DD710DE06A173001DFF548296" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10933508" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10933508" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10933508/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" startId="4.[122,133,1887,1906]" targetBox="[166,1423,126,1846]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="051136D5D710DE06A173001DFF548296" blockId="4.[122,1454,1887,1932]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D710DE06A173001DFF0A8268" bold="true" box="[122,234,1887,1906]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">F I G U R E 2</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C2AE4D56D710DE06A00D001DFDEE8268" authority="Michalik &amp; Smith &amp; Milledge &amp; Harms, 2024" authorityName="Michalik &amp; Smith &amp; Milledge &amp; Harms" authorityYear="2024" box="[260,526,1887,1906]" class="Arachnida" family="Gradungulidae" genus="Progradungula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barringtonensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D710DE06A00D001DFDEE8268" box="[260,526,1887,1906]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="76">Progradungula barringtonensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2CE957BCD710DE06A31D001DFDB98268" box="[532,601,1887,1906]" pageId="4" pageNumber="76" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(holotype, AMS KS.129955). (a) Lateral view. (b) Dorsal view of body. (c) Ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="51D1665DD711DE07A1730070FD058260" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10933510" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10933510" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10933510/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="77" startId="5.[122,133,1842,1861]" targetBox="[193,1394,126,1801]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="051136D5D711DE07A1730070FD058260" blockId="5.[122,1406,1842,1914]" pageId="5" pageNumber="77">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D711DE07A1730070FF0A825F" bold="true" box="[122,234,1842,1861]" pageId="5" pageNumber="77">F I G U R E 3</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C2AE4D56D711DE07A00D0070FDEE825F" authority="Michalik &amp; Smith &amp; Milledge &amp; Harms, 2024" authorityName="Michalik &amp; Smith &amp; Milledge &amp; Harms" authorityYear="2024" box="[260,526,1842,1861]" class="Arachnida" family="Gradungulidae" genus="Progradungula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="77" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barringtonensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D711DE07A00D0070FDEE825F" box="[260,526,1842,1861]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="77">Progradungula barringtonensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2CE957BCD711DE07A31D0070FDB9825F" box="[532,601,1842,1861]" pageId="5" pageNumber="77" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(holotype, AMS KS.129955). (a) Ventral view of spinnerets. (b) Tarsus of leg I (left) and leg II (right). (c) Left male palp in prolateral, ventral and retrolateral view (from left to right). Abbreviations: mA, median apophysis; mH, median hematodocha; PE, process of embolus; Te, tegulum. Scale bars: 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="51D1665DD712DE04A1730071FB6D8261" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10933512" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10933512" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10933512/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" startId="6.[122,133,1843,1862]" targetBox="[180,1408,126,1802]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="051136D5D712DE04A1730071FB6D8261" blockId="6.[122,1454,1843,1915]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D712DE04A1730071FF0A825C" bold="true" box="[122,234,1843,1862]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">F I G U R E 4</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="C2AE4D56D712DE04A00D0071FE04825C" authorityName="Forster &amp; Gray" authorityYear="1979" box="[260,484,1843,1862]" class="Arachnida" family="Gradungulidae" genus="Progradungula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carraiensis">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D712DE04A00D0071FE04825C" box="[260,484,1843,1862]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="78">Progradungula carraiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(male, AMS KS.6740). This is the specimen used for the description of the male characters of this species (
<bibRefCitation id="613F4B24D712DE04A177000CFF39827B" author="Gray, M. R." box="[126,217,1870,1889]" pageId="6" pageNumber="78" pagination="51 - 58" refId="ref5271" refString="Gray, M. R. (1983) The male of Progradungula carraiensis Forster and Gray (Araneae, Gradungulidae) with observations on the web and prey capture. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of new South Wales, 107, 51 - 58." type="journal article" year="1983">Gray 1983</bibRefCitation>
). Due to conservational issues the specimen is largely discoloured. (a) Habitus. (b) Tarsus of leg I. (c) Tarsus of leg II. (d) Right male pedipalp in retrolateral, ventral and prolateral view (from left to right). Abbreviations: mA, median apophysis. Scale bars: 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="51D1665DD713DE05A173044DFCB88627" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10933514" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10933514" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10933514/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="79" startId="7.[122,133,783,802]" targetBox="[122,1466,110,745]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="051136D5D713DE05A173044DFCB88627" blockId="7.[122,1422,783,829]" pageId="7" pageNumber="79">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D713DE05A173044DFF0A8638" bold="true" box="[122,234,783,802]" pageId="7" pageNumber="79">F I G U R E 5</emphasis>
Webs of the different
<taxonomicName id="C2AE4D56D713DE05A0CF044DFD728638" box="[454,658,783,802]" class="Arachnida" family="Gradungulidae" genus="Progradungula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D713DE05A0CF044DFDA68638" box="[454,582,783,802]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="79">Progradungula</emphasis>
species.
</taxonomicName>
(a–b) Webs and immature of
<taxonomicName id="C2AE4D56D713DE05A290044DFB448638" authority="Michalik &amp; Smith &amp; Milledge &amp; Harms, 2024" authorityName="Michalik &amp; Smith &amp; Milledge &amp; Harms" authorityYear="2024" box="[921,1188,783,802]" class="Arachnida" family="Gradungulidae" genus="Progradungula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barringtonensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D713DE05A290044DFB448638" box="[921,1188,783,802]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="79">Progradungula barringtonensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="2CE957BCD713DE05A5A3044DFB0F8638" box="[1194,1263,783,802]" pageId="7" pageNumber="79" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
(c)
<taxonomicName id="C2AE4D56D713DE05A407044DFF348627" authorityName="Forster &amp; Gray" authorityYear="1979" class="Arachnida" family="Gradungulidae" genus="Progradungula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carraiensis">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D713DE05A407044DFF348627" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="79">Progradungula carraiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Photo: G. Campell). (d)
<taxonomicName id="C2AE4D56D713DE05A0A20468FD6F8627" authorityName="Milledge" authorityYear="1997" box="[427,655,810,829]" class="Arachnida" family="Gradungulidae" genus="Progradungula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="otwayensis">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D713DE05A0A20468FD6F8627" box="[427,655,810,829]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="79">Progradungula otwayensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Photo: M. J. Ramirez).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="051136D5D713DE05A17304B8FD2C8169" blockId="7.[122,769,1018,1139]" pageId="7" pageNumber="79">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D713DE05A17304B8FF548109" bold="true" box="[122,180,1018,1043]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="79">Palp.</emphasis>
Cymbium ventrally furrowed. Median hematodocha very prominent. Tegulum with a large spine-like median apophysis. Embolus tube-like with a solid bifurcated clawlike process; tip of the embolus widened and hyaline.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4DB4655ED713DE05A17303F5FDFF8069" pageId="7" pageNumber="79" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="051136D5D713DE05A17303F5FF1481CE" blockId="7.[122,244,1207,1236]" box="[122,244,1207,1236]" pageId="7" pageNumber="79">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D713DE05A17303F5FF1481CE" bold="true" box="[122,244,1207,1236]" pageId="7" pageNumber="79">Remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="051136D5D713DE05A17303B9FDFF8069" blockId="7.[122,769,1275,1395]" pageId="7" pageNumber="79">Females unknown and immatures are not further considered for the description except for providing a barcode sequence from an immature (ZMH-A0010454, same locality as holotype) (GenBank OR687334).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4DB4655ED713DE05A17302F5FE998369" pageId="7" pageNumber="79" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="051136D5D713DE05A17302F5FEF380CE" blockId="7.[122,275,1463,1492]" box="[122,275,1463,1492]" pageId="7" pageNumber="79">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D713DE05A17302F5FEF380CE" bold="true" box="[122,275,1463,1492]" pageId="7" pageNumber="79">Etymology</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="051136D5D713DE05A17302B9FE998369" blockId="7.[122,769,1531,1651]" pageId="7" pageNumber="79">
The specific epithet of the species is derived from its distribution area (Barrington Tops National Park), in accordance with the naming of the other two known
<taxonomicName id="C2AE4D56D713DE05A1730119FE998369" box="[122,377,1627,1651]" class="Arachnida" family="Gradungulidae" genus="Progradungula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D713DE05A1730119FEFB8369" box="[122,283,1627,1651]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="79">Progradungula</emphasis>
species.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4DB4655ED713DE05A17301F5FC6C8129" pageId="7" pageNumber="79" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="051136D5D713DE05A17301F5FEC583CE" blockId="7.[122,293,1719,1748]" box="[122,293,1719,1748]" pageId="7" pageNumber="79">
<heading id="5E5981B9D713DE05A17301F5FEC583CE" bold="true" box="[122,293,1719,1748]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="79" reason="5">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D713DE05A17301F5FEC583CE" bold="true" box="[122,293,1719,1748]" pageId="7" pageNumber="79">Distribution</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="051136D5D713DE05A17301B9FC6C8129" blockId="7.[122,769,1787,1939]" lastBlockId="7.[818,1466,891,1075]" pageId="7" pageNumber="79">
This species is likely endemic to patches of old
<taxonomicName id="C2AE4D56D713DE05A3BC01B9FF568229" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nothofagaceae" genus="Nothofagus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D713DE05A3BC01B9FF568229" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="79">Nothofagus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
forest in the higher sections of Barrington Tops National Park (NSW,
<collectingCountry id="7DB97645D713DE05A08F0079FE0A8249" box="[390,490,1851,1875]" name="Australia" pageId="7" pageNumber="79">Australia</collectingCountry>
) where all specimens were collected from old hollow trees. Specimens have previously also been seen in ground-level cavities caused by dislodged roots of fallen trees and similar secure and dark retreats. The authors were not able to locate specimens in eucalypt forests surrounding the
<taxonomicName id="C2AE4D56D713DE05A23B0499FC5286E9" box="[818,946,987,1011]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nothofagaceae" genus="Nothofagus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D713DE05A23B0499FC5286E9" box="[818,946,987,1011]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="79">Nothofagus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, nor in younger regrowth
<taxonomicName id="C2AE4D56D713DE05A4300499FA5986E9" box="[1337,1465,987,1011]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nothofagaceae" genus="Nothofagus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="7" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D713DE05A4300499FA5986E9" box="[1337,1465,987,1011]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="79">Nothofagus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
stands, suggesting a rather limited distribution for this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4DB4655ED713DE05A23B0335FB7D8329" pageId="7" pageNumber="79" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="051136D5D713DE05A23B0335FC7E818E" blockId="7.[818,926,1143,1172]" box="[818,926,1143,1172]" pageId="7" pageNumber="79">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D713DE05A23B0335FC7E818E" bold="true" box="[818,926,1143,1172]" pageId="7" pageNumber="79">Biology</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="051136D5D713DE05A23B03F9FB7D8329" blockId="7.[818,1467,1211,1587]" pageId="7" pageNumber="79">
The webs
<taxonomicName id="C2AE4D56D713DE05A2AC03F9FB8681C9" authorityName="Michalik &amp; Smith &amp; Milledge &amp; Harms" authorityYear="2024" box="[933,1126,1211,1235]" class="Arachnida" family="Gradungulidae" genus="Progradungula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="barringtonensis">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D713DE05A2AC03F9FB8681C9" box="[933,1126,1211,1235]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="79">P. barringtonensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are similar to those described for the other two
<taxonomicName id="C2AE4D56D713DE05A5160399FAC281E9" box="[1055,1314,1243,1267]" pageId="7" pageNumber="79">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D713DE05A5160399FB2081E9" box="[1055,1216,1243,1267]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="79">Progradungula</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="613F4B24D713DE05A4310399FA5481E9" author="Gray, M. R." box="[1336,1460,1243,1267]" pageId="7" pageNumber="79" pagination="51 - 58" refId="ref5271" refString="Gray, M. R. (1983) The male of Progradungula carraiensis Forster and Gray (Araneae, Gradungulidae) with observations on the web and prey capture. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of new South Wales, 107, 51 - 58." type="journal article" year="1983">Gray 1983</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="613F4B24D713DE05A23B03B9FBB08009" author="Ramirez, M. J. &amp; Michalik, P." box="[818,1104,1275,1299]" pageId="7" pageNumber="79" pagination="299 - 309" refId="ref6318" refString="Ramirez, M. J. &amp; Michalik, P. (2019) Web-building behavior of the odd-clawed spider Progradungula otwayensis (Gradungulidae) and its implication on the evolution of combing behavior in spiders. Journal of Arachnology, 47 (3), 299 - 309. Available from: https: // doi. org / 10.1636 / 0161 - 8202 - 47.3.299" type="journal article" year="2019">Ramirez &amp; Michalik 2019</bibRefCitation>
), featuring a sturdy signal line leading to an upper scaffold, which is connected via suspensor lines to the catching web composed of cribellate silk. Field observations have shown that the catching ladder typically has an average of eight looping segments, similar to
<taxonomicName id="C2AE4D56D713DE05A2B202D9FA5680A9" authority="(Ramirez &amp; Michalik 2019)" baseAuthorityName="Ramirez &amp; Michalik" baseAuthorityYear="2019" box="[955,1462,1435,1459]" class="Arachnida" family="Gradungulidae" genus="Progradungula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="otwayensis">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D713DE05A2B202D9FBB880A9" box="[955,1112,1435,1459]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="79">P. otwayensis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="613F4B24D713DE05A57B02D9FA4C80A9" author="Ramirez, M. J. &amp; Michalik, P." box="[1138,1452,1435,1459]" pageId="7" pageNumber="79" pagination="299 - 309" refId="ref6318" refString="Ramirez, M. J. &amp; Michalik, P. (2019) Web-building behavior of the odd-clawed spider Progradungula otwayensis (Gradungulidae) and its implication on the evolution of combing behavior in spiders. Journal of Arachnology, 47 (3), 299 - 309. Available from: https: // doi. org / 10.1636 / 0161 - 8202 - 47.3.299" type="journal article" year="2019">Ramirez &amp; Michalik 2019</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, although an immature specimen in captivity constructed catching ladders with more looping segments, similar to
<taxonomicName id="C2AE4D56D713DE05A23B02B9FC228309" authorityName="Forster &amp; Gray" authorityYear="1979" box="[818,962,1531,1555]" class="Arachnida" family="Gradungulidae" genus="Progradungula" kingdom="Animalia" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carraiensis">
<emphasis id="37DAEAC7D713DE05A23B02B9FC228309" box="[818,962,1531,1555]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="79">P. carraiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with estimated 14–25 segments (
<bibRefCitation id="613F4B24D713DE05A44602B9FC428329" author="Forster, R. R. &amp; Gray, M. R." pageId="7" pageNumber="79" pagination="1051 - 1071" refId="ref5003" refString="Forster, R. R. &amp; Gray, M. R. (1979) Progradungula, a new cribellate genus of the spider family Gradungulidae (Araneae). Australian Journal of Zoology, 27 (6), 1051 - 1071. Available from: https: // doi. org / 10. 1071 / ZO 9791051" type="journal article" year="1979">Forster &amp; Gray 1979</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="613F4B24D713DE05A2A60159FBFF8329" author="Gray, M. R." box="[943,1055,1563,1587]" pageId="7" pageNumber="79" pagination="51 - 58" refId="ref5271" refString="Gray, M. R. (1983) The male of Progradungula carraiensis Forster and Gray (Araneae, Gradungulidae) with observations on the web and prey capture. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of new South Wales, 107, 51 - 58." type="journal article" year="1983">Gray 1983</bibRefCitation>
) (Figure 5).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<document ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4779160" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f1561aec-5853-4a94-8054-70e80e4614fc" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182165710" ID-ISSN="1854-0392" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4779160" checkinTime="1620959458715" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Sivec, Ignac &amp; Stark, Bill P." docDate="2010" docId="8D0787D3FFC0FFADFEF4FDF5FE7E64B3" docLanguage="en" docName="Illiesia.6.08.62-74.pdf" docOrigin="Illiesia 6 (8)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:3ED4ECBC8873166DC296BE619562C54F.3:Illiesia.2009-.journal_article" docStyleId="3ED4ECBC8873166DC296BE619562C54F" docStyleName="Illiesia.2009-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Chinoperla spinata Sivec &amp; Stark 2010, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="11" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="69" masterDocId="713EFFABFFC6FFAAFF93FF9DFF9D627D" masterDocTitle="Five New Species Of Chinoperla Zwick (Plecoptera: Perlidae) From Vietnam And Thailand" masterLastPageNumber="74" masterPageNumber="62" pageId="6" pageNumber="68" updateTime="1632007185869" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Five New Species Of Chinoperla Zwick (Plecoptera: Perlidae) From Vietnam And Thailand</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Sivec, Ignac</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Slovenian Museum of Natural History, Prešernova 20, P. O. Box 290, SLO- 1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia E-mail: isivec @ pms-lj. si</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">isivec@pms-lj.si</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Stark, Bill P.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Box 4045, Department of Biology, Mississippi College, Clinton, Mississippi, U. S. A. 39058 E-mail: stark @ mc. edu</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">stark@mc.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Illiesia</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
<mods:date>2010</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2010-04-13</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>6</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>8</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier type="ISSN">1854-0392</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4779160" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182165710" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4779160" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8D0787D3FFC0FFADFEF4FDF5FE7E64B3" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8D0787D3FFC0FFADFEF4FDF5FE7E64B3" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="69" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">
<subSubSection box="[359,666,616,640]" pageId="6" pageNumber="68" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="6.[359,666,616,640]" box="[359,666,616,640]" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">
<heading bold="true" box="[359,666,616,640]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="68" reason="2">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[359,666,616,640]" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">
<taxonomicName authority="Sivec &amp; Stark, 2010" authorityName="Sivec &amp; Stark" authorityYear="2010" box="[359,587,616,640]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinata" status="sp. n.">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[359,587,616,640]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">Chinoperla spinata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[601,666,616,640]" pageId="6" pageNumber="68" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection box="[441,584,652,676]" pageId="6" pageNumber="68" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="6.[441,584,652,676]" box="[441,584,652,676]" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">
(
<figureCitation box="[449,576,652,676]" captionStart-0="Figs" captionStart-1="Figs" captionStartId-0="6.[189,241,1860,1884]" captionStartId-1="7.[189,241,1290,1314]" captionTargetBox-0="[322,1397,1020,1822]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1443,251,1217]" captionTargetPageId-0="6" captionTargetPageId-1="7" captionText-0="Figs. 26-30. Chinoperla spinata. 26. Head and pronotum. 27. Male terminalia. 28. Aedeagus lateral. 29. Aedeagal apex. 30. Female terminalia." captionText-1="Figs. 31-34. Chinoperla spinata. 31. Egg. 32. Egg collar and anchor, lateral. 33. Apex of egg collar and ventral aspect of anchor. 34. Micropyles and polar chorionic detail." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759687" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759691" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4759687/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4759691/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">Figs. 26-34</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="68" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="6.[189,798,722,996]" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,434,723,747]" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3112030311" collectingDate="2003-04-21" collectingDateMax="2003-04-22" collectingDateMin="2003-04-21" collectionCode="PMSL" country="Thailand" county="Wieng Ko Sai" elevation="295" location="Upper Nam Panjanae" municipality="Upper Nam Panjanae" pageId="6" pageNumber="68" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Phrae Province" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus box="[450,562,723,747]" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">Holotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount box="[577,597,722,747]" pageId="6" pageNumber="68" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
from
<collectingCountry box="[685,793,723,747]" name="Thailand" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">Thailand</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion box="[189,368,759,783]" country="Thailand" name="Phrae" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">Phrae Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty box="[378,536,759,783]" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">Wieng Ko Sai</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality box="[546,793,759,783]" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">Upper Nam Panjanae</collectingMunicipality>
,
<quantity box="[189,261,794,818]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.95" pageId="6" pageNumber="68" unit="m" value="295.0">
<elevation box="[189,261,794,818]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.95" pageId="6" pageNumber="68" unit="m" value="295.0">295 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 99° 34’ N, 17° 57’ E,
<date box="[506,701,794,819]" pageId="6" pageNumber="68" value="2003-04-21" valueMax="2003-04-22" valueMin="2003-04-21">
<collectingDate box="[506,701,794,819]" pageId="6" pageNumber="68" value="2003-04-21" valueMax="2003-04-22" valueMin="2003-04-21">21-22 April 2003</collectingDate>
</date>
, Chiang Mai University Team (
<collectionCode box="[457,534,830,854]" country="Slovenia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4mab-159w" name="Slovenian Museum of Natural History (Prirodosloveni Muzej Slovenije)" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">PMSL</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<typeStatus box="[554,673,830,854]" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<collectingCountry box="[684,793,830,854]" name="Thailand" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">Thailand</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion box="[189,368,865,889]" country="Thailand" name="Phrae" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">Phrae Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality box="[378,536,865,889]" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">Wieng Ko Sai</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8D0787D3FFC0FFADFEF4FDF5FE7E64B3:0071601EFFC0FFACFDB1FCFFFC8A6104" box="[546,791,865,889]" country="Thailand" latitude="99.566666" longLatPrecision="938" longitude="17.933332" municipality="Wieng Ko Sai" name="Lower Nam Panjanae" pageId="6" pageNumber="68" stateProvince="Phrae Province">Lower Nam Panjanae</location>
,
<quantity box="[189,262,901,925]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="6" pageNumber="68" unit="m" value="270.0">
<elevation box="[189,262,901,925]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="6" pageNumber="68" unit="m" value="270.0">270 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 99° 34’ N, 17° 56’ E,
<date box="[513,752,901,925]" pageId="6" pageNumber="68" value="2003-02-20" valueMax="2003-02-21" valueMin="2003-02-20">
<collectingDate box="[513,752,901,925]" pageId="6" pageNumber="68" value="2003-02-20" valueMax="2003-02-21" valueMin="2003-02-20">20-21 February 2003</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount box="[764,797,900,925]" pageId="6" pageNumber="68" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode box="[197,274,937,961]" country="Slovenia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4mab-159w" name="Slovenian Museum of Natural History (Prirodosloveni Muzej Slovenije)" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">PMSL</collectionCode>
).
<collectorName box="[295,474,937,961]" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">Huey Nam Ru</collectorName>
,
<quantity box="[487,575,937,961]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="6" pageNumber="68" unit="m" value="1400.0">
<elevation box="[487,575,937,961]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="6" pageNumber="68" unit="m" value="1400.0">1400 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date box="[589,754,936,961]" pageId="6" pageNumber="68" value="1989-04-18">
<collectingDate box="[589,754,936,961]" pageId="6" pageNumber="68" value="1989-04-18">18 April 1989</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName pageId="6" pageNumber="68">H. Malicky</collectorName>
,
<specimenCount box="[298,332,971,996]" pageId="6" pageNumber="68" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode box="[346,423,972,996]" country="Slovenia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4mab-159w" name="Slovenian Museum of Natural History (Prirodosloveni Muzej Slovenije)" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">PMSL</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="68" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="6.[835,1443,225,996]" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[835,1017,225,249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">Adult habitus.</emphasis>
Biocellate. Head dusky brown on occiput, dark brown over most of frons; M-line and callosities pale; antennae and palpi uniformly brown (
<figureCitation box="[843,941,332,356]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="6.[189,241,1860,1884]" captionTargetBox="[322,1397,1020,1822]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs. 26-30. Chinoperla spinata. 26. Head and pronotum. 27. Male terminalia. 28. Aedeagus lateral. 29. Aedeagal apex. 30. Female terminalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759687" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759687/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">Fig. 26</figureCitation>
). Pronotum pale brown with darker rugosities. Legs brown, distal part of femora and proximal part of tibiae darker.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[835,1443,225,996]" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[835,904,438,462]" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">Male.</emphasis>
Forewing length
<quantity box="[1113,1183,438,462]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="68" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
. Dark median process of tergum 9 shaped like a goblet (
<figureCitation box="[1257,1343,474,498]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="6.[189,241,1860,1884]" captionTargetBox="[322,1397,1020,1822]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs. 26-30. Chinoperla spinata. 26. Head and pronotum. 27. Male terminalia. 28. Aedeagus lateral. 29. Aedeagal apex. 30. Female terminalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759687" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759687/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
). Finger shaped hemitergal processes about 2.5 times long as basal width. Aedeagal tube poorly sclerotized; sac plump, apex bearing a dense patch of larger spines and a median, large, recurved hook (
<figureCitation box="[1278,1409,616,640]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="6.[189,241,1860,1884]" captionTargetBox="[322,1397,1020,1822]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs. 26-30. Chinoperla spinata. 26. Head and pronotum. 27. Male terminalia. 28. Aedeagus lateral. 29. Aedeagal apex. 30. Female terminalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759687" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759687/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">Figs. 28-29</figureCitation>
); a pair of spiny lateral lobes located subapically on sac.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[835,1443,225,996]" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[835,929,687,711]" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">Female.</emphasis>
Forewing length
<quantity box="[1148,1235,687,711]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="6" pageNumber="68" unit="mm" value="11.0">11 mm</quantity>
. Subgenital plate scarcely produced but a prominent median notch occurs on posterior margin of sternum 8, and a brush of enlarged setae is positioned anterior to notch (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="6.[189,241,1860,1884]" captionTargetBox="[322,1397,1020,1822]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs. 26-30. Chinoperla spinata. 26. Head and pronotum. 27. Male terminalia. 28. Aedeagus lateral. 29. Aedeagal apex. 30. Female terminalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759687" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759687/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">Fig. 30</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[835,1443,225,996]" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[835,887,865,889]" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">Egg.</emphasis>
Tear drop shaped with long, slender collar and stalked anchor. Chorion covered with fine punctations (
<figureCitation box="[989,1118,936,961]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="7.[189,241,1290,1314]" captionTargetBox="[189,1443,251,1217]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Figs. 31-34. Chinoperla spinata. 31. Egg. 32. Egg collar and anchor, lateral. 33. Apex of egg collar and ventral aspect of anchor. 34. Micropyles and polar chorionic detail." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759691/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">Figs. 31-34</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="6.[835,1443,225,996]" box="[835,1042,972,996]" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[835,910,972,996]" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">Larva.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759687" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4759687" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759687/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="68" startId="6.[189,241,1860,1884]" targetBox="[322,1397,1020,1822]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph blockId="6.[189,1443,1860,1920]" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">
Figs. 26-30.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sivec &amp; Stark" authorityYear="2010" box="[324,525,1860,1884]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinata">
<emphasis box="[324,525,1860,1884]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">Chinoperla spinata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. 26. Head and pronotum. 27. Male terminalia. 28. Aedeagus lateral. 29. Aedeagal apex. 30. Female terminalia.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759691" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4759691" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759691/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="69" startId="7.[189,241,1290,1314]" targetBox="[189,1443,251,1217]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph blockId="7.[189,1442,1290,1350]" pageId="7" pageNumber="69">
Figs. 31-34.
<emphasis box="[328,539,1290,1314]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="69">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sivec &amp; Stark" authorityYear="2010" box="[328,535,1290,1314]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinata">Chinoperla spinata</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
31. Egg. 32. Egg collar and anchor, lateral. 33. Apex of egg collar and ventral aspect of anchor. 34. Micropyles and polar chorionic detail.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="69" type="etymology">
<paragraph blockId="7.[189,797,1433,1742]" pageId="7" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,327,1433,1457]" pageId="7" pageNumber="69">Etymology.</emphasis>
The species name refers to the prominent aedeagal spine of this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="69" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph blockId="7.[189,797,1433,1742]" pageId="7" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,319,1504,1528]" pageId="7" pageNumber="69">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
The aedeagus of this species is generally similar to those of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sivec &amp; Stark" authorityYear="2010" box="[404,514,1540,1563]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="porntip">
<emphasis box="[404,514,1540,1563]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="69">C. porntip</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis box="[571,622,1540,1563]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="69">C. yi</emphasis>
. It differs from the former in lacking a distinct sagittate aedeagal apex (compare
<figureCitation box="[378,480,1611,1635]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[189,241,935,959]" captionTargetBox="[259,1432,198,895]" captionTargetId="figure-470@2.[613,1066,181,628]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 5-10. Chinoperla porntip. 5. Male terminalia. 6. Aedeagus ventral. 7. Aedeagus lateral. 8. Aedeagus dorsal. 9. Female terminalia. 10. Egg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766213" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4766213/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="69">Figs. 6-8</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation box="[547,613,1611,1635]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="6.[189,241,1860,1884]" captionTargetBox="[322,1397,1020,1822]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs. 26-30. Chinoperla spinata. 26. Head and pronotum. 27. Male terminalia. 28. Aedeagus lateral. 29. Aedeagal apex. 30. Female terminalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759687" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759687/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="69">28-29</figureCitation>
), and from the latter it differs in having smaller, and more posteriorly directed, lateral lobes of the aedeagal sac (compare
<figureCitation box="[307,382,1717,1741]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[189,241,935,959]" captionTargetBox="[259,1432,198,895]" captionTargetId="figure-470@2.[613,1066,181,628]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 5-10. Chinoperla porntip. 5. Male terminalia. 6. Aedeagus ventral. 7. Aedeagus lateral. 8. Aedeagus dorsal. 9. Female terminalia. 10. Egg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766213" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4766213/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="69">Figs. 6</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation box="[441,471,1718,1742]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="9.[189,241,1255,1279]" captionTargetBox="[334,1277,251,1176]" captionTargetId="figure-283@9.[438,1194,251,1176]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figs. 37-39. Chinoperla yi. 37. Head and pronotum. 38. Male terminalia. 39. Aedeagus lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759697" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759697/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="69">39</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

202
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<mods:title>Five New Species Of Chinoperla Zwick (Plecoptera: Perlidae) From Vietnam And Thailand</mods:title>
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<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Sivec, Ignac</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Slovenian Museum of Natural History, Prešernova 20, P. O. Box 290, SLO- 1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia E-mail: isivec @ pms-lj. si</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">isivec@pms-lj.si</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Stark, Bill P.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Box 4045, Department of Biology, Mississippi College, Clinton, Mississippi, U. S. A. 39058 E-mail: stark @ mc. edu</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">stark@mc.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title>Illiesia</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2010</mods:date>
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<mods:number>2010-04-13</mods:number>
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<mods:number>6</mods:number>
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<mods:number>8</mods:number>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766322" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182165709" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4766322" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8D0787D3FFC1FFA2FE94F961FBB8638F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8D0787D3FFC1FFA2FE94F961FBB8638F" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="70" pageId="7" pageNumber="69">
<subSubSection box="[263,723,1788,1812]" pageId="7" pageNumber="69" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="7.[263,723,1788,1812]" box="[263,723,1788,1812]" pageId="7" pageNumber="69">
<heading bold="true" box="[263,723,1788,1812]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="69" reason="2">
<taxonomicName authority="Sivec &amp; Zwick" authorityName="Sivec &amp; Zwick. A" authorityYear="1989" box="[263,723,1788,1812]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unidentata">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[263,723,1788,1812]" pageId="7" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[263,532,1788,1812]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="69">Chinoperla unidentata</emphasis>
Sivec &amp; Zwick
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection box="[422,565,1824,1848]" pageId="7" pageNumber="69" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="7.[422,565,1824,1848]" box="[422,565,1824,1848]" pageId="7" pageNumber="69">
(
<figureCitation box="[430,557,1824,1848]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="8.[189,241,1220,1244]" captionTargetBox="[427,773,541,1159]" captionTargetId="figure-448@8.[392,808,525,1185]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figs. 35-36. Chinoperla unidentata. 35. Female terminalia. 36. Egg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759693" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759693/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="69">Figs. 35-36</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection box="[227,1313,1431,1917]" pageId="7" pageNumber="69" type="reference_group">
<paragraph blockId="7.[227,797,1895,1917]" box="[227,1313,1431,1917]" lastBlockId="7.[873,1313,1431,1454]" pageId="7" pageNumber="69">
<treatmentCitationGroup box="[227,1313,1431,1917]" pageId="7" pageNumber="69">
<treatmentCitation author="Sivec, I. &amp; P. Zwick" box="[227,692,1895,1917]" page="11" pageId="7" pageNumber="69" year="1989">
<taxonomicName authority="Sivec &amp; Zwick, 1989: 11" authorityName="Sivec &amp; Zwick. A" authorityPageNumber="11" authorityYear="1989" box="[227,692,1895,1917]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unidentata">
<emphasis box="[227,445,1895,1916]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="69">Chinoperla unidentata</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Sivec, I. &amp; P. Zwick" box="[449,692,1895,1917]" pageId="7" pageNumber="69" pagination="11 - 16" refId="ref4930" refString="Sivec, I. &amp; P. Zwick. 1989. Addition to the knowledge of genus Chinoperla (Plecoptera: Perlidae). Aquatic Insects, 11: 11 - 16." type="journal article" year="1989">Sivec &amp; Zwick, 1989:11</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<typeStatus box="[700,797,1895,1917]" pageId="7" pageNumber="69">Holotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount box="[873,891,1431,1454]" pageId="7" pageNumber="69" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode box="[904,973,1432,1454]" country="Slovenia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4mab-159w" name="Slovenian Museum of Natural History (Prirodosloveni Muzej Slovenije)" pageId="7" pageNumber="69">PMSL</collectionCode>
),
<quantity box="[989,1042,1432,1454]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="69" unit="km" value="9.0">9 km</quantity>
W
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8D0787D3FFC1FFA2FE94F961FBB8638F:0071601EFFC1FFADFBA5FA05FB2567D0" box="[1078,1208,1432,1454]" country="Thailand" name="Chiang Dao" pageId="7" pageNumber="69">Chiang Dao</location>
,
<collectingCountry box="[1217,1313,1432,1454]" name="Thailand" pageId="7" pageNumber="69">Thailand</collectingCountry>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="7" pageNumber="69" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="7.[835,1444,1500,1915]" pageId="7" pageNumber="69">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[835,1069,1500,1524]" pageId="7" pageNumber="69">Material examined.</emphasis>
<collectingCountry box="[1075,1184,1500,1524]" name="Thailand" pageId="7" pageNumber="69">Thailand</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion box="[1192,1439,1500,1524]" country="Thailand" name="Chiang Mai" pageId="7" pageNumber="69">Chiang Mai Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality box="[835,1203,1536,1560]" pageId="7" pageNumber="69">Doi Suthep-Pui National Park</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8D0787D3FFC1FFA2FE94F961FBB8638F:0071601EFFC1FFADFB51F99DFACF6465" box="[1218,1362,1536,1560]" country="Thailand" latitude="98.9" longLatPrecision="936" longitude="18.8" municipality="Doi Suthep-Pui National Park" name="Huai Phalat" pageId="7" pageNumber="69" stateProvince="Chiang Mai Province">Huai Phalat</location>
above road,
<quantity box="[901,985,1572,1596]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="7" pageNumber="69" unit="m" value="1200.0">
<elevation box="[901,985,1572,1596]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="7" pageNumber="69" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 98° 54’ N, 18° 48’ E,
<date box="[1221,1439,1572,1596]" pageId="7" pageNumber="69" value="2001-11-10">
<collectingDate box="[1221,1439,1572,1596]" pageId="7" pageNumber="69" value="2001-11-10">10 November 2001</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount box="[835,868,1606,1632]" pageId="7" pageNumber="69" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode box="[882,959,1608,1632]" country="Slovenia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4mab-159w" name="Slovenian Museum of Natural History (Prirodosloveni Muzej Slovenije)" pageId="7" pageNumber="69">PMSL</collectionCode>
).
<collectingCounty box="[976,1254,1607,1631]" pageId="7" pageNumber="69">Khao Yai National Park</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality box="[1264,1396,1607,1631]" pageId="7" pageNumber="69">Khao Kheo</collectingMunicipality>
,
<date pageId="7" pageNumber="69" value="2000-11-11" valueMax="2000-11-25" valueMin="2000-11-11">
<collectingDate pageId="7" pageNumber="69" value="2000-11-11" valueMax="2000-11-25" valueMin="2000-11-11">11- 25 November 2000</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8D0787D3FFC1FFA2FE94F961FBB8638F:0071601EFFC1FFADFBA7F9F6FA9764FE" box="[1076,1290,1643,1667]" country="Thailand" county="Khao Yai National Park" municipality="Khao Kheo" name="Korrakot Damrak" pageId="7" pageNumber="69" stateProvince="Chiang Mai Province">Korrakot Damrak</location>
,
<specimenCount box="[1304,1338,1642,1667]" pageId="7" pageNumber="69" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode box="[1355,1432,1643,1667]" collectionName="Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenian Museum of Natural History" country="Slovenia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4mab-159w" name="Slovenian Museum of Natural History (Prirodosloveni Muzej Slovenije)" pageId="7" pageNumber="69">PMSL</collectionCode>
).
<collectingCounty box="[835,1119,1678,1702]" pageId="7" pageNumber="69">Khao Yai National Park</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality box="[1131,1241,1678,1702]" pageId="7" pageNumber="69">Pa Tabak</collectingMunicipality>
,
<date pageId="7" pageNumber="69" value="2000-11-25" valueMax="2000-12-09" valueMin="2000-11-25">
<collectingDate pageId="7" pageNumber="69" value="2000-11-25" valueMax="2000-12-09" valueMin="2000-11-25">25 November- 9 December 2000</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8D0787D3FFC1FFA2FE94F961FBB8638F:0071601EFFC1FFADFB97F92FFB4A64B7" box="[1028,1239,1714,1738]" country="Thailand" county="Khao Yai National Park" municipality="Pa Tabak" name="Korrakot Damrak" pageId="7" pageNumber="69" stateProvince="Chiang Mai Province">Korrakot Damrak</location>
,
<specimenCount box="[1249,1283,1713,1738]" pageId="7" pageNumber="69" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode box="[1298,1375,1714,1738]" collectionName="Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenian Museum of Natural History" country="Slovenia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4mab-159w" name="Slovenian Museum of Natural History (Prirodosloveni Muzej Slovenije)" pageId="7" pageNumber="69">PMSL</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="7.[835,1444,1500,1915]" pageId="7" pageNumber="69">
This species was previously reported from
<collectingCountry box="[835,940,1785,1809]" name="Thailand" pageId="7" pageNumber="69">Thailand</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Sivec, I. &amp; P. Zwick" box="[958,1199,1785,1809]" pageId="7" pageNumber="69" pagination="11 - 16" refId="ref4930" refString="Sivec, I. &amp; P. Zwick. 1989. Addition to the knowledge of genus Chinoperla (Plecoptera: Perlidae). Aquatic Insects, 11: 11 - 16." type="journal article" year="1989">Sivec &amp; Zwick 1989</bibRefCitation>
) from a single male specimen. The aedeagus (as discussed above) is quite similar to those of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sivec &amp; Stark" authorityYear="2010" box="[1090,1223,1856,1880]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gorohovi">
<emphasis box="[1090,1223,1856,1880]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="69">C. gorohovi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sivec &amp; Stark" authorityYear="2010" box="[1299,1376,1856,1880]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="69" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sila">
<emphasis box="[1299,1376,1856,1880]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="69">C. sila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The previously unknown female is described below.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="70" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="8.[189,797,225,498]" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,283,225,249]" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">Female.</emphasis>
Forewing length
<quantity box="[492,596,225,249]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" pageId="8" pageNumber="70" unit="mm" value="10.5">10.5 mm</quantity>
. Subgenital plate not produced but hind margin of sternum 8 slightly emarginate mesally (
<figureCitation box="[443,528,296,320]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="8.[189,241,1220,1244]" captionTargetBox="[427,773,541,1159]" captionTargetId="figure-448@8.[392,808,525,1185]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figs. 35-36. Chinoperla unidentata. 35. Female terminalia. 36. Egg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759693" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759693/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">Fig. 35</figureCitation>
). Bristles on posterior margin of sternum 8 long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="8.[189,797,225,498]" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,241,367,391]" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">Egg.</emphasis>
Tear drop shaped with moderately long collar and stalked anchor. Chorion punctate throughout but punctations finer and more densely packed in subequatorial ring (
<figureCitation box="[421,502,474,498]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="8.[189,241,1220,1244]" captionTargetBox="[427,773,541,1159]" captionTargetId="figure-448@8.[392,808,525,1185]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figs. 35-36. Chinoperla unidentata. 35. Female terminalia. 36. Egg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759693" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759693/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">Fig. 36</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="70" type="discussion">
<paragraph blockId="8.[835,1443,225,498]" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[835,973,225,249]" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">Comments.</emphasis>
The female of this species is similar to that of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sivec &amp; Stark" authorityYear="2010" box="[945,1026,261,285]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sila">
<emphasis box="[945,1026,261,285]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">C. sila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but in that species the mesal emargination of the subgenital plate is much more conspicuous (
<figureCitation box="[996,1076,331,356]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="5.[189,241,1860,1884]" captionTargetBox="[285,1343,1012,1780]" captionTargetId="figure-48@5.[362,1269,998,1780]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs. 22-25. Chinoperla sila. 22. Male terminalia. 23. Aedeagus lateral. 24. Aedeagus dorsal. 25. Female terminalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759683" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759683/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">Fig. 25</figureCitation>
) and the egg of that species has the collar about half as long as in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sivec &amp; Zwick. A" authorityYear="1989" box="[1253,1404,367,391]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unidentata">
<emphasis box="[1253,1404,367,391]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">C. unidentata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; in addition the collar rim is not flanged and the chorion is uniformly punctate in the egg of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sivec &amp; Stark" authorityYear="2010" box="[1256,1325,438,462]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sila">
<emphasis box="[1256,1325,438,462]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">C. sila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(compare
<figureCitation box="[835,960,474,498]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[189,241,1788,1812]" captionTargetBox="[189,1443,251,1713]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 16-21. Chinoperla eggs. C. rhododendrona (16-18) 16. Egg. 17. Egg collar. 18. Micropyle and equatorial chorionic detail. Chinoperla sila (19-21). 19. Egg. 20. Egg collar and anchor. 21. Micropyles and polar chorionic detail." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759681" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759681/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">Figs. 19-21</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation box="[1018,1048,474,498]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="8.[189,241,1220,1244]" captionTargetBox="[427,773,541,1159]" captionTargetId="figure-448@8.[392,808,525,1185]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Figs. 35-36. Chinoperla unidentata. 35. Female terminalia. 36. Egg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759693" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759693/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">36</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

181
data/8D/07/87/8D0787D3FFC3FFACFEF8FE61FEAE6044.xml Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,181 @@
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<mods:title>Five New Species Of Chinoperla Zwick (Plecoptera: Perlidae) From Vietnam And Thailand</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Sivec, Ignac</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Slovenian Museum of Natural History, Prešernova 20, P. O. Box 290, SLO- 1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia E-mail: isivec @ pms-lj. si</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Stark, Bill P.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Box 4045, Department of Biology, Mississippi College, Clinton, Mississippi, U. S. A. 39058 E-mail: stark @ mc. edu</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date>2010</mods:date>
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<taxonomicName authority="Sivec &amp; Stark, 2010" authorityName="Sivec &amp; Stark" authorityYear="2010" box="[363,545,508,532]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sila" status="sp. n.">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[363,545,508,532]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="67">Chinoperla sila</emphasis>
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(
<figureCitation box="[430,557,545,569]" captionStart-0="Figs" captionStart-1="Figs" captionStartId-0="4.[189,241,1788,1812]" captionStartId-1="5.[189,241,1860,1884]" captionTargetBox-0="[189,1443,251,1713]" captionTargetBox-1="[285,1343,1012,1780]" captionTargetId-1="figure-48@5.[362,1269,998,1780]" captionTargetPageId-0="4" captionTargetPageId-1="5" captionText-0="Figs. 16-21. Chinoperla eggs. C. rhododendrona (16-18) 16. Egg. 17. Egg collar. 18. Micropyle and equatorial chorionic detail. Chinoperla sila (19-21). 19. Egg. 20. Egg collar and anchor. 21. Micropyles and polar chorionic detail." captionText-1="Figs. 22-25. Chinoperla sila. 22. Male terminalia. 23. Aedeagus lateral. 24. Aedeagus dorsal. 25. Female terminalia." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759681" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759683" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4759681/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4759683/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="67">Figs. 19-25</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="67" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="5.[189,797,615,960]" pageId="5" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,438,616,640]" pageId="5" pageNumber="67">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3112030306" collectingDate="1995-05-19" collectingDateMax="1995-06-13" collectingDateMin="1995-05-19" collectionCode="PMSL" collectorName="H. Malicky" country="Vietnam" elevation="950" location="Tam Dao" pageId="5" pageNumber="67" specimenCount="22" specimenCount-female="6" specimenCount-male="16" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus box="[457,569,616,640]" pageId="5" pageNumber="67">Holotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount box="[588,608,615,640]" pageId="5" pageNumber="67" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
,
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and
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<typeStatus box="[189,305,652,676]" pageId="5" pageNumber="67">paratypes</typeStatus>
from
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,
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,
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<elevation box="[620,757,652,676]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="67" unit="m" value="950.0" valueMax="1100.0" valueMin="800.0">800-1100 m</elevation>
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,
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<collectingDate pageId="5" pageNumber="67" value="1995-05-19" valueMax="1995-06-13" valueMin="1995-05-19">19 May-13 June 1995</collectingDate>
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,
<collectorName box="[412,543,687,711]" pageId="5" pageNumber="67">H. Malicky</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode box="[557,634,687,711]" collectionName="Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenian Museum of Natural History" country="Slovenia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4mab-159w" name="Slovenian Museum of Natural History (Prirodosloveni Muzej Slovenije)" pageId="5" pageNumber="67">PMSL</collectionCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="67" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="5.[189,797,615,960]" pageId="5" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,370,723,747]" pageId="5" pageNumber="67">Adult habitus.</emphasis>
Biocellate. Head with dark brown pigment over most of dorsum but interrupted by pale M-line and clypeus. Pronotum pale brown with darker rugosities clustered near midline and center of disk. Wings tinted brown except for narrow pale costal and apical band. Legs banded with narrow brown band on apex of femur and base of tibiae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="5.[835,1444,225,960]" pageId="5" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[835,904,225,249]" pageId="5" pageNumber="67">Male.</emphasis>
Forewing length
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. Median process of tergum 9 more or less circular and distinctly rugose. Finger like hemitergal processes short, ca. twice as long as basal width (
<figureCitation box="[1082,1166,332,356]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="5.[189,241,1860,1884]" captionTargetBox="[285,1343,1012,1780]" captionTargetId="figure-48@5.[362,1269,998,1780]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs. 22-25. Chinoperla sila. 22. Male terminalia. 23. Aedeagus lateral. 24. Aedeagus dorsal. 25. Female terminalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759683" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759683/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="67">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
). Aedeagal tube poorly sclerotized and bearing a pair of sparse setal patches basolaterally (
<figureCitation box="[1007,1143,403,427]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="5.[189,241,1860,1884]" captionTargetBox="[285,1343,1012,1780]" captionTargetId="figure-48@5.[362,1269,998,1780]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs. 22-25. Chinoperla sila. 22. Male terminalia. 23. Aedeagus lateral. 24. Aedeagus dorsal. 25. Female terminalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759683" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759683/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="67">Figs. 23-24</figureCitation>
); sac with a dorsal and smaller ventral membranous lobe and bearing a long slender terminal spine; basoventral margin of sac armed with sparse patch of small spines.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="5.[835,1444,225,960]" pageId="5" pageNumber="67">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[835,929,545,569]" pageId="5" pageNumber="67">Female.</emphasis>
Forewing length
<quantity box="[1148,1235,545,569]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="67" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
. Subgenital plate unproduced but posterior margin of sternum 8 bearing a shallow, median U-shaped notch (
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).
<emphasis bold="true" box="[835,887,652,676]" pageId="5" pageNumber="67">Egg.</emphasis>
Length ca.
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, width ca.
<quantity box="[1271,1377,652,676]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="67" unit="mm" value="0.22">0.22 mm</quantity>
. Tear drop shaped with short narrow collar and stalked anchor (
<figureCitation box="[934,1019,723,747]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[189,241,1788,1812]" captionTargetBox="[189,1443,251,1713]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 16-21. Chinoperla eggs. C. rhododendrona (16-18) 16. Egg. 17. Egg collar. 18. Micropyle and equatorial chorionic detail. Chinoperla sila (19-21). 19. Egg. 20. Egg collar and anchor. 21. Micropyles and polar chorionic detail." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759681" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759681/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="67">Fig. 19</figureCitation>
). Chorionic surface finely punctate throughout; collar surface and adjacent egg body with an irregular pattern of meshwork formed by anastamosing low ridges (
<figureCitation box="[1183,1279,830,854]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[189,241,1788,1812]" captionTargetBox="[189,1443,251,1713]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 16-21. Chinoperla eggs. C. rhododendrona (16-18) 16. Egg. 17. Egg collar. 18. Micropyle and equatorial chorionic detail. Chinoperla sila (19-21). 19. Egg. 20. Egg collar and anchor. 21. Micropyles and polar chorionic detail." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759681" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759681/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="67">Fig. 20</figureCitation>
). Micropylar orifices slender, surrounded by small area of smooth chorion (
<figureCitation box="[940,1022,901,925]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="4.[189,241,1788,1812]" captionTargetBox="[189,1443,251,1713]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Figs. 16-21. Chinoperla eggs. C. rhododendrona (16-18) 16. Egg. 17. Egg collar. 18. Micropyle and equatorial chorionic detail. Chinoperla sila (19-21). 19. Egg. 20. Egg collar and anchor. 21. Micropyles and polar chorionic detail." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759681" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759681/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="67">Fig. 21</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[835,910,936,960]" pageId="5" pageNumber="67">Larva.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph blockId="5.[189,1442,1860,1920]" pageId="5" pageNumber="67">
Figs. 22-25.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sivec &amp; Stark" authorityYear="2010" box="[338,505,1860,1884]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sila">
<emphasis box="[338,505,1860,1884]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="67">Chinoperla sila</emphasis>
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. 22. Male terminalia. 23. Aedeagus lateral. 24. Aedeagus dorsal. 25. Female terminalia.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="68" type="etymology">
<paragraph blockId="6.[189,798,225,569]" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,327,225,249]" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">Etymology.</emphasis>
The species name, used as a noun in apposition, honors the Si La people of northern
<collectingCountry box="[189,293,296,320]" name="Vietnam" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="68" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph blockId="6.[189,798,225,569]" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,319,331,355]" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
This is another species whose aedeagus is similar to that of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sivec &amp; Zwick. A" authorityYear="1989" box="[408,560,367,391]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unidentata">
<emphasis box="[408,560,367,391]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">C. unidentata</emphasis>
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in having a single, long, slender apical spine (
<figureCitation box="[551,645,403,427]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="5.[189,241,1860,1884]" captionTargetBox="[285,1343,1012,1780]" captionTargetId="figure-48@5.[362,1269,998,1780]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs. 22-25. Chinoperla sila. 22. Male terminalia. 23. Aedeagus lateral. 24. Aedeagus dorsal. 25. Female terminalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759683" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759683/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
). It can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sivec &amp; Stark" authorityYear="2010" box="[425,550,438,462]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gorohovi">
<emphasis box="[425,550,438,462]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">C. gorohovi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sivec &amp; Zwick. A" authorityYear="1989" box="[611,761,438,462]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unidentata">
<emphasis box="[611,761,438,462]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">C. unidentata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the somewhat circular and rugose process of tergum 9 (
<figureCitation box="[222,307,510,534]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="5.[189,241,1860,1884]" captionTargetBox="[285,1343,1012,1780]" captionTargetId="figure-48@5.[362,1269,998,1780]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Figs. 22-25. Chinoperla sila. 22. Male terminalia. 23. Aedeagus lateral. 24. Aedeagus dorsal. 25. Female terminalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759683" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759683/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="68">Fig. 22</figureCitation>
), and by the narrow pale margin of the wing tips.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

231
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<paragraph blockId="2.[341,646,1077,1101]" box="[341,646,1077,1101]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">
<heading bold="true" box="[341,646,1077,1101]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="64" reason="2">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[341,646,1077,1101]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">
<taxonomicName authority="Sivec &amp; Stark, 2010" authorityName="Sivec &amp; Stark" authorityYear="2010" box="[341,567,1077,1101]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="porntip" status="sp. n.">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[341,567,1077,1101]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">Chinoperla porntip</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[581,646,1077,1101]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection box="[429,558,1113,1137]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="2.[189,798,1113,1920]" box="[429,558,1113,1137]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">
(
<figureCitation box="[437,550,1113,1137]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[189,241,935,959]" captionTargetBox="[259,1432,198,895]" captionTargetId="figure-470@2.[613,1066,181,628]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 5-10. Chinoperla porntip. 5. Male terminalia. 6. Aedeagus ventral. 7. Aedeagus lateral. 8. Aedeagus dorsal. 9. Female terminalia. 10. Egg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766213" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4766213/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">Figs. 5-10</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="64" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="2.[189,798,1113,1920]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,432,1148,1172]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3112030302" collectingDate="2002-06-07" collectingDateMax="2002-06-08" collectingDateMin="2002-06-07" collectionCode="PMSL" country="Thailand" county="Doi Inthanon National Park" elevation="1460" location="Doi Inthanon National Park" municipality="Namtok Siriphum" pageId="2" pageNumber="64" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Chiang Mai Province" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus box="[445,557,1149,1173]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">Holotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount box="[569,589,1148,1173]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
and
<typeStatus box="[660,765,1149,1173]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">paratype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount box="[777,797,1148,1173]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
from
<collectingCountry box="[254,362,1185,1209]" name="Thailand" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">Thailand</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion box="[374,627,1185,1209]" country="Thailand" name="Chiang Mai" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">Chiang Mai Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty pageId="2" pageNumber="64">Doi Inthanon National Park</collectingCounty>
,
<locationDeviation box="[367,696,1220,1244]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">Namtok Siriphum waterfall</locationDeviation>
,
<quantity box="[706,792,1220,1244]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.46" pageId="2" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="1460.0">
<elevation box="[706,792,1220,1244]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.46" pageId="2" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="1460.0">1460 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 98° 31’ N, 18° 32’ E,
<date box="[463,635,1256,1280]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64" value="2002-06-07" valueMax="2002-06-08" valueMin="2002-06-07">
<collectingDate box="[463,635,1256,1280]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64" value="2002-06-07" valueMax="2002-06-08" valueMin="2002-06-07">7-8 June 2002</collectingDate>
</date>
, Chiang Mai University Team (
<collectionCode box="[422,499,1291,1315]" country="Slovenia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4mab-159w" name="Slovenian Museum of Natural History (Prirodosloveni Muzej Slovenije)" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">PMSL</collectionCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
Additional
<typeStatus box="[674,793,1292,1316]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<collectingCountry box="[189,298,1327,1351]" name="Thailand" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">Thailand</collectingCountry>
: Type locality,
<date box="[499,663,1327,1351]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64" value="2001-05-19">
<collectingDate box="[499,663,1327,1351]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64" value="2001-05-19">19 May 2001</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount box="[682,730,1325,1351]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64" type="male">28♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount box="[750,797,1325,1351]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64" type="female">10♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode box="[197,274,1362,1386]" country="Slovenia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4mab-159w" name="Slovenian Museum of Natural History (Prirodosloveni Muzej Slovenije)" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">PMSL</collectionCode>
).
<collectingRegion box="[309,595,1362,1386]" country="Thailand" name="Chiang Mai" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">Chiang Mai Province</collectingRegion>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8D0787D3FFC4FFA8FEC6FBA8FBDC65FD:0071601EFFC4FFA8FDFCFACFFEFA67F3" country="Thailand" county="Doi Inthanon National Park" latitude="98.45" longLatPrecision="935" longitude="18.516666" municipality="Namtok Siriphum" name="Doi Inthanon National Park" pageId="2" pageNumber="64" stateProvince="Chiang Mai Province">Doi Inthanon National Park</location>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8D0787D3FFC4FFA8FEC6FBA8FBDC65FD:0071601EFFC4FFA8FEE6FAEBFDCF67F3" box="[373,594,1398,1422]" country="Thailand" county="Doi Inthanon National Park" latitude="98.45" longLatPrecision="935" longitude="18.516666" municipality="Namtok Siriphum" name="Namtok Siriphum" pageId="2" pageNumber="64" stateProvince="Chiang Mai Province">Namtok Siriphum</location>
, lower waterfall,
<quantity box="[189,277,1433,1457]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.38" pageId="2" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="1380.0">
<elevation box="[189,277,1433,1457]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.38" pageId="2" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="1380.0">1380 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 98° 31’ N, 18° 32’ E,
<date box="[540,702,1433,1457]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64" value="2002-06-07" valueMax="2002-06-08" valueMin="2002-06-07">
<collectingDate box="[540,702,1433,1457]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64" value="2002-06-07" valueMax="2002-06-08" valueMin="2002-06-07">7-8 June 2002</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount box="[715,749,1432,1457]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount box="[764,797,1432,1457]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode box="[197,274,1469,1493]" country="Slovenia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4mab-159w" name="Slovenian Museum of Natural History (Prirodosloveni Muzej Slovenije)" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">PMSL</collectionCode>
).
<collectingRegion box="[309,595,1469,1493]" country="Thailand" name="Chiang Mai" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">Chiang Mai Province</collectingRegion>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8D0787D3FFC4FFA8FEC6FBA8FBDC65FD:0071601EFFC4FFA8FDFCFA20FEFF6785" country="Thailand" county="Doi Inthanon National Park" latitude="98.45" longLatPrecision="935" longitude="18.516666" municipality="Namtok Siriphum" name="Doi Inthanon National Park" pageId="2" pageNumber="64" stateProvince="Chiang Mai Province">Doi Inthanon National Park</location>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8D0787D3FFC4FFA8FEC6FBA8FBDC65FD:0071601EFFC4FFA8FEF8FA7DFDBF6784" box="[363,546,1504,1529]" country="Thailand" county="Doi Inthanon National Park" latitude="98.45" longLatPrecision="935" longitude="18.516666" municipality="Namtok Siriphum" name="Huai Sai Lueng" pageId="2" pageNumber="64" stateProvince="Chiang Mai Province">Huai Sai Lueng</location>
,
<quantity box="[555,639,1504,1528]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.06" pageId="2" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="1060.0">
<elevation box="[555,639,1504,1528]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.06" pageId="2" pageNumber="64" unit="m" value="1060.0">1060 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 98° 27’ N, 18° 31’ E,
<date box="[257,470,1540,1564]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64" value="2002-05-09" valueMax="2002-06-08" valueMin="2002-05-09">
<collectingDate box="[257,470,1540,1564]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64" value="2002-05-09" valueMax="2002-06-08" valueMin="2002-05-09">9 May-8 June 2002</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount box="[480,513,1539,1564]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64" type="male">8♂</specimenCount>
,
<specimenCount box="[525,558,1539,1564]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64" type="female">8♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode box="[571,648,1540,1564]" country="Slovenia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4mab-159w" name="Slovenian Museum of Natural History (Prirodosloveni Muzej Slovenije)" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">PMSL</collectionCode>
). Same site,
<date pageId="2" pageNumber="64" value="2002-04-04" valueMax="2002-05-03" valueMin="2002-04-04">
<collectingDate pageId="2" pageNumber="64" value="2002-04-04" valueMax="2002-05-03" valueMin="2002-04-04">4 April-3 May 2002</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount box="[418,452,1574,1600]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64" type="female">4♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode box="[469,546,1576,1600]" country="Slovenia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4mab-159w" name="Slovenian Museum of Natural History (Prirodosloveni Muzej Slovenije)" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">PMSL</collectionCode>
). Same site,
<date pageId="2" pageNumber="64" value="2002-06-08" valueMax="2002-07-07" valueMin="2002-06-08">
<collectingDate pageId="2" pageNumber="64" value="2002-06-08" valueMax="2002-07-07" valueMin="2002-06-08">8 June-7 July 2002</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<specimenCount box="[311,344,1610,1635]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64" type="female">2♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode box="[358,435,1611,1635]" country="Slovenia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4mab-159w" name="Slovenian Museum of Natural History (Prirodosloveni Muzej Slovenije)" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">PMSL</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="64" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="2.[189,798,1113,1920]" lastBlockId="2.[835,1444,1077,1920]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,366,1646,1670]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">Adult habitus.</emphasis>
Biocellate. Head dark brown, nearly black; palpi brown, antennae pale at base and darker distally. Pronotum dark brown except at anterolateral angles; rugosities obscure. Wings and veins dark brown. Legs and cerci uniformly brown.
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,258,1824,1848]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">Male.</emphasis>
Forewing length
<quantity box="[467,537,1824,1848]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="64" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
. Dark median process of tergum 9 slightly expanded posteriorly and concave along lateral margins (
<figureCitation box="[549,614,1896,1920]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[189,241,935,959]" captionTargetBox="[259,1432,198,895]" captionTargetId="figure-470@2.[613,1066,181,628]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 5-10. Chinoperla porntip. 5. Male terminalia. 6. Aedeagus ventral. 7. Aedeagus lateral. 8. Aedeagus dorsal. 9. Female terminalia. 10. Egg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766213" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4766213/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
). Finger shaped hemitergal processes about 2.5 times long as basal width. Aedeagal tube sclerite forming an expanded bracelet-like distal ring; sac expanded at apex into a sagittate process covered with spines; apex of sac with a short, thick recurved hook (
<figureCitation box="[1241,1342,1219,1244]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[189,241,935,959]" captionTargetBox="[259,1432,198,895]" captionTargetId="figure-470@2.[613,1066,181,628]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 5-10. Chinoperla porntip. 5. Male terminalia. 6. Aedeagus ventral. 7. Aedeagus lateral. 8. Aedeagus dorsal. 9. Female terminalia. 10. Egg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766213" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4766213/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">Figs. 6-8</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="2.[835,1444,1077,1920]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[835,929,1255,1279]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">Female.</emphasis>
Forewing length
<quantity box="[1148,1235,1255,1279]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="2" pageNumber="64" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
. Subgenital plate slightly produced and bearing a shallow mesal notch (
<figureCitation box="[843,911,1326,1350]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[189,241,935,959]" captionTargetBox="[259,1432,198,895]" captionTargetId="figure-470@2.[613,1066,181,628]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 5-10. Chinoperla porntip. 5. Male terminalia. 6. Aedeagus ventral. 7. Aedeagus lateral. 8. Aedeagus dorsal. 9. Female terminalia. 10. Egg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766213" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4766213/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="2.[835,1444,1077,1920]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[835,887,1362,1386]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">Egg.</emphasis>
Tear drop shaped with long slender collar and stalked anchor (
<figureCitation box="[1022,1104,1398,1422]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[189,241,935,959]" captionTargetBox="[259,1432,198,895]" captionTargetId="figure-470@2.[613,1066,181,628]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 5-10. Chinoperla porntip. 5. Male terminalia. 6. Aedeagus ventral. 7. Aedeagus lateral. 8. Aedeagus dorsal. 9. Female terminalia. 10. Egg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766213" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4766213/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="2.[835,1444,1077,1920]" box="[835,1042,1433,1457]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[835,910,1433,1457]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">Larva.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="64" type="etymology">
<paragraph blockId="2.[835,1444,1077,1920]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[835,973,1469,1493]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">Etymology.</emphasis>
The species name, used as a noun in apposition, honors Professor Dr. Porntip Chantaramongkol for her assistance and leadership in the study of Thai aquatic insects.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="64" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph blockId="2.[835,1444,1077,1920]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[835,967,1611,1635]" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
The aedeagus of this species is generally similar to those of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sivec &amp; Stark" authorityYear="2010" box="[1099,1220,1648,1671]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinata">
<emphasis box="[1099,1220,1648,1671]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">C. spinata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis box="[1300,1363,1648,1671]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">C. yi</emphasis>
(both described below) in having a single, thick, curved hook on the aedeagal apex (
<figureCitation box="[1163,1230,1718,1742]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[189,241,935,959]" captionTargetBox="[259,1432,198,895]" captionTargetId="figure-470@2.[613,1066,181,628]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 5-10. Chinoperla porntip. 5. Male terminalia. 6. Aedeagus ventral. 7. Aedeagus lateral. 8. Aedeagus dorsal. 9. Female terminalia. 10. Egg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766213" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4766213/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
), and a somewhat Y-shaped median sclerite on tergum 9 (
<figureCitation box="[1328,1400,1754,1778]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[189,241,935,959]" captionTargetBox="[259,1432,198,895]" captionTargetId="figure-470@2.[613,1066,181,628]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 5-10. Chinoperla porntip. 5. Male terminalia. 6. Aedeagus ventral. 7. Aedeagus lateral. 8. Aedeagus dorsal. 9. Female terminalia. 10. Egg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766213" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4766213/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
). It differs from both species in having the aedeagal apex sagittate (
<figureCitation box="[1012,1113,1825,1849]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[189,241,935,959]" captionTargetBox="[259,1432,198,895]" captionTargetId="figure-470@2.[613,1066,181,628]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 5-10. Chinoperla porntip. 5. Male terminalia. 6. Aedeagus ventral. 7. Aedeagus lateral. 8. Aedeagus dorsal. 9. Female terminalia. 10. Egg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766213" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4766213/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">Figs. 7-8</figureCitation>
) and in having the aedeagal tube sclerite encircle much of the tube apex as a slender band (
<figureCitation box="[1007,1075,1896,1920]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[189,241,935,959]" captionTargetBox="[259,1432,198,895]" captionTargetId="figure-470@2.[613,1066,181,628]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 5-10. Chinoperla porntip. 5. Male terminalia. 6. Aedeagus ventral. 7. Aedeagus lateral. 8. Aedeagus dorsal. 9. Female terminalia. 10. Egg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766213" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4766213/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="64">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

173
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@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
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<mods:title>Five New Species Of Chinoperla Zwick (Plecoptera: Perlidae) From Vietnam And Thailand</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Sivec, Ignac</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Slovenian Museum of Natural History, Prešernova 20, P. O. Box 290, SLO- 1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia E-mail: isivec @ pms-lj. si</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">isivec@pms-lj.si</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Stark, Bill P.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Box 4045, Department of Biology, Mississippi College, Clinton, Mississippi, U. S. A. 39058 E-mail: stark @ mc. edu</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date>2010</mods:date>
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<mods:number>2010-04-13</mods:number>
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<heading bold="true" box="[264,722,1468,1492]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="65" reason="2">
<taxonomicName authority="Cao &amp; Bae" authorityName="Cao &amp; Bae" authorityYear="2007" box="[264,722,1468,1492]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhododendrona">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[264,722,1468,1492]" pageId="3" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[264,582,1468,1492]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="65">Chinoperla rhododendrona</emphasis>
Cao &amp; Bae
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection box="[422,564,1504,1528]" pageId="3" pageNumber="65" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="3.[422,564,1504,1528]" box="[422,564,1504,1528]" pageId="3" pageNumber="65">
(
<figureCitation box="[430,556,1504,1528]" captionStart-0="Figs" captionStart-1="Figs" captionStartId-0="3.[189,241,1326,1350]" captionStartId-1="4.[189,241,1788,1812]" captionTargetBox-0="[325,1308,229,1264]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1443,251,1713]" captionTargetId-0="figure-287@3.[325,1308,220,1228]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionText-0="Figs. 11-15. Chinoperla rhododendrona. 11. Head and pronotum. 12. Male terminalia, dorsal. 13. Male terminalia, lateral. 14. Aedeagus lateral. 15. Female terminalia." captionText-1="Figs. 16-21. Chinoperla eggs. C. rhododendrona (16-18) 16. Egg. 17. Egg collar. 18. Micropyle and equatorial chorionic detail. Chinoperla sila (19-21). 19. Egg. 20. Egg collar and anchor. 21. Micropyles and polar chorionic detail." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759677" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759681" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4759677/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4759681/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="65">Figs. 11-18</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="65" type="reference_group">
<paragraph blockId="3.[227,798,1582,1701]" pageId="3" pageNumber="65">
<treatmentCitationGroup pageId="3" pageNumber="65">
<treatmentCitation author="Cao, T. K. T. &amp; Y. J. Bae" box="[227,693,1582,1604]" page="125" pageId="3" pageNumber="65" year="2007">
<taxonomicName authority="Cao &amp; Bae, 2007: 125" authorityName="Cao &amp; Bae" authorityPageNumber="125" authorityYear="2007" box="[227,693,1582,1604]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhododendrona">
<emphasis box="[227,481,1582,1603]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="65">Chinoperla rhododendrona</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation author="Cao, T. K. T. &amp; Y. J. Bae" box="[485,693,1582,1604]" pageId="3" pageNumber="65" pagination="125 - 128" refId="ref4844" refString="Cao, T. K. T. &amp; Y. J. Bae. 2007. Chinoperla rhododendrona, a new species of Perlidae (Insecta: Plecoptera) from Vietnam. Integrative Biosciences, 11: 125 - 128." type="journal article" year="2007">Cao &amp; Bae, 2007:125</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
<typeStatus box="[700,797,1582,1604]" pageId="3" pageNumber="65">Holotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount box="[227,245,1614,1637]" pageId="3" pageNumber="65" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
(Aquatic Insect Collection, Seoul Women’s University),
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8D0787D3FFC5FFAFFE9BFA21FD3F63B3:0071601EFFC5FFA9FF70F9F2FED264F9" box="[227,335,1647,1668]" country="Vietnam" county="Hue Province" municipality="Thua" name="Do Quyen" pageId="3" pageNumber="65">Do Quyen</location>
stream,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8D0787D3FFC5FFAFFE9BFA21FD3F63B3:0071601EFFC5FFA9FE34F9F2FD0B64F8" box="[423,662,1647,1669]" country="Vietnam" county="Hue Province" municipality="Thua" name="Bach Ma National Park" pageId="3" pageNumber="65">Bach Ma National Park</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality box="[671,725,1647,1669]" pageId="3" pageNumber="65">Thua</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingCounty box="[227,375,1679,1701]" pageId="3" pageNumber="65">ThienHue Province</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingCountry box="[384,475,1679,1701]" name="Vietnam" pageId="3" pageNumber="65">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="65" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="3.[189,797,1755,1922]" lastBlockId="3.[835,1300,1467,1492]" pageId="3" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,438,1755,1779]" pageId="3" pageNumber="65">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3112030312" collectingDate="2000-06-04" collectingDateMax="2000-06-16" collectingDateMin="2000-06-04" collectionCode="ROM" collectorName="B. Hubley" country="Vietnam" elevation="200" latitude="16.193722" location="Five Lakes Trail" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="107.855415" municipality="Bach Ma National Park" pageId="3" pageNumber="65" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Thua Thien-Hue">
<collectingCountry box="[457,561,1755,1779]" name="Vietnam" pageId="3" pageNumber="65">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion box="[583,793,1755,1779]" country="Vietnam" name="Thua Thien-Hue" pageId="3" pageNumber="65">Thua Thien-Hue</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry box="[189,292,1791,1815]" name="Vietnam" pageId="3" pageNumber="65">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingMunicipality box="[306,590,1791,1815]" pageId="3" pageNumber="65">Bach Ma National Park</collectingMunicipality>
, small stream ca.
<quantity box="[189,258,1827,1851]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="65" unit="m" value="200.0">
<elevation box="[189,258,1827,1851]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="65" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</elevation>
</quantity>
along
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8D0787D3FFC5FFAFFE9BFA21FD3F63B3:0071601EFFC5FFA9FEDDF8BEFD946546" box="[334,521,1827,1851]" country="Vietnam" latitude="16.193722" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="107.855415" municipality="Bach Ma National Park" name="Five Lakes Trail" pageId="3" pageNumber="65" stateProvince="Thua Thien-Hue">Five Lakes Trail</location>
,
<quantity box="[531,614,1827,1851]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="65" unit="m" value="1200.0">
<elevation box="[531,614,1827,1851]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="3" pageNumber="65" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<geoCoordinate box="[625,792,1826,1851]" degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="11" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="65" precision="1" seconds="37.4" value="16.193722">16° 11’ 37.4” N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate box="[189,383,1862,1886]" degrees="107" direction="east" minutes="51" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="65" precision="1" seconds="19.5" value="107.855415">107° 51’ 19.5” E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date box="[397,576,1862,1886]" pageId="3" pageNumber="65" value="2000-06-04" valueMax="2000-06-16" valueMin="2000-06-04">
<collectingDate box="[397,576,1862,1886]" pageId="3" pageNumber="65" value="2000-06-04" valueMax="2000-06-16" valueMin="2000-06-04">4-16 June 2000</collectingDate>
</date>
, ROM 2000505,
<collectorName pageId="3" pageNumber="65">B. Hubley</collectorName>
,
<specimenCount box="[291,324,1896,1922]" pageId="3" pageNumber="65" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode box="[339,408,1898,1922]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34778" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34778" name="Royal Ontario Museum" pageId="3" pageNumber="65" type="Museum">ROM</collectionCode>
). Same site,
<date box="[550,722,1898,1922]" pageId="3" pageNumber="65" value="2000-06-07" valueMax="2000-06-16" valueMin="2000-06-07">
<collectingDate box="[550,722,1898,1922]" pageId="3" pageNumber="65" value="2000-06-07" valueMax="2000-06-16" valueMin="2000-06-07">7-16 June 2000</collectingDate>
</date>
, ROM
</materialsCitation>
<subSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="3" pageNumber="65" type="multiple">
<heading box="[835,1300,1467,1492]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="65" reason="4">
2000515, B. Hubley, 1 pinned
<specimenCount box="[1185,1205,1467,1492]" pageId="3" pageNumber="65" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode box="[1219,1288,1468,1492]" country="Canada" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34778" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34778" name="Royal Ontario Museum" pageId="3" pageNumber="65" type="Museum">ROM</collectionCode>
).
</heading>
<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="3" pageNumber="65" type="discussion">
<paragraph blockId="3.[835,1443,1504,1919]" lastBlockId="5.[189,797,225,462]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="67" pageId="3" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[835,950,1504,1528]" pageId="3" pageNumber="65">Remarks.</emphasis>
The aedeagus of this species is shaped somewhat like that of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sivec &amp; Stark" authorityYear="2010" box="[1099,1167,1539,1563]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sila">
<emphasis box="[1099,1167,1539,1563]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="65">C. sila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and it is also similar in having the dorsal surface of the median process of tergum 9 covered with tooth-like projections (present in our specimen but not mentioned by
<bibRefCitation author="Cao, T. K. T. &amp; Y. J. Bae" pageId="3" pageNumber="65" pagination="125 - 128" refId="ref4844" refString="Cao, T. K. T. &amp; Y. J. Bae. 2007. Chinoperla rhododendrona, a new species of Perlidae (Insecta: Plecoptera) from Vietnam. Integrative Biosciences, 11: 125 - 128." type="journal article" year="2007">Cao &amp; Bae, 2007</bibRefCitation>
). The two species differ markedly in the shape of the apical process on the dorsal aedeagal lobe, and this species appears to lack the pale wing margin found in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sivec &amp; Stark" authorityYear="2010" box="[947,1017,1788,1812]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sila">
<emphasis box="[947,1017,1788,1812]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="65">C. sila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The everted sac of the aedeagus is short, has a basal membranous lobe and is armed over much of its surface with small triangular spines, not shown by
<bibRefCitation author="Cao, T. K. T. &amp; Y. J. Bae" box="[997,1196,1895,1919]" pageId="3" pageNumber="65" pagination="125 - 128" refId="ref4844" refString="Cao, T. K. T. &amp; Y. J. Bae. 2007. Chinoperla rhododendrona, a new species of Perlidae (Insecta: Plecoptera) from Vietnam. Integrative Biosciences, 11: 125 - 128." type="journal article" year="2007">Cao &amp; Bae (2007)</bibRefCitation>
. The female, collected at the same site as our male is slightly darker but shares the same weakly banded hind leg pattern, and unlike the female of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cao &amp; Bae" authorityYear="2007" box="[441,635,296,320]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="67" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhododendrona">
<emphasis box="[441,635,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="67">C. rhododendrona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
described by
<bibRefCitation author="Cao, T. K. T. &amp; Y. J. Bae" box="[189,410,331,355]" pageId="5" pageNumber="67" pagination="125 - 128" refId="ref4844" refString="Cao, T. K. T. &amp; Y. J. Bae. 2007. Chinoperla rhododendrona, a new species of Perlidae (Insecta: Plecoptera) from Vietnam. Integrative Biosciences, 11: 125 - 128." type="journal article" year="2007">Cao &amp; Bae (2007)</bibRefCitation>
, it lacks a mesal notch on the subgenital plate. The egg, however, is similar to that described by
<bibRefCitation author="Cao, T. K. T. &amp; Y. J. Bae" box="[343,544,402,426]" pageId="5" pageNumber="67" pagination="125 - 128" refId="ref4844" refString="Cao, T. K. T. &amp; Y. J. Bae. 2007. Chinoperla rhododendrona, a new species of Perlidae (Insecta: Plecoptera) from Vietnam. Integrative Biosciences, 11: 125 - 128." type="journal article" year="2007">Cao &amp; Bae (2007)</bibRefCitation>
. We include Figs. (11- 18) to assist in recognition of this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</subSection>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

157
data/8D/07/87/8D0787D3FFC7FFABFEDFFDFAFB5D6675.xml Normal file
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<mods:namePart>Sivec, Ignac</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">isivec@pms-lj.si</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Stark, Bill P.</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName authority="Sivec &amp; Stark, 2010" authorityName="Sivec &amp; Stark" authorityYear="2010" box="[332,576,615,639]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gorohovi" status="sp. n.">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[332,576,615,639]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="63">Chinoperla gorohovi</emphasis>
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<paragraph blockId="1.[435,551,652,676]" box="[435,551,652,676]" pageId="1" pageNumber="63">
(
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<paragraph blockId="1.[189,797,722,1032]" pageId="1" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,427,723,747]" pageId="1" pageNumber="63">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3112030313" collectingDate="1995-05-17" collectingDateMax="1995-05-31" collectingDateMin="1995-05-17" collectionCode="PMSL" collectorName="A. V. Gorohov" country="Vietnam" elevation="750" location="Tam Dao" pageId="1" pageNumber="63" specimenCount="4" specimenCount-male="4" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus box="[437,549,723,747]" pageId="1" pageNumber="63">Holotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount box="[557,577,722,747]" pageId="1" pageNumber="63" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
and
<specimenCount box="[639,673,722,747]" pageId="1" pageNumber="63" type="male">3♂</specimenCount>
<typeStatus box="[681,797,723,747]" pageId="1" pageNumber="63">paratypes</typeStatus>
from
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8D0787D3FFC7FFABFEDFFDFAFB5D6675:0071601EFFC7FFABFF6FFD6AFEF46173" box="[252,361,759,782]" country="Vietnam" name="Tam Dao" pageId="1" pageNumber="63">Tam Dao</location>
,
<collectingCountry box="[370,473,759,783]" name="Vietnam" pageId="1" pageNumber="63">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
,
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<elevation box="[482,602,759,783]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="63" unit="m" value="750.0" valueMax="900.0" valueMin="600.0">600-900 m</elevation>
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,
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<collectingDate box="[612,793,758,783]" pageId="1" pageNumber="63" value="1995-05-17" valueMax="1995-05-31" valueMin="1995-05-17">17-31 May 1995</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName box="[189,354,794,818]" pageId="1" pageNumber="63">A.V. Gorohov</collectorName>
(
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).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="63" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="1.[189,797,722,1032]" lastBlockId="1.[835,1443,225,1032]" pageId="1" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,375,829,853]" pageId="1" pageNumber="63">Adult habitus.</emphasis>
Biocellate. Ocelli relatively large, about two diameters apart and slightly closer to each other than to the compound eye margin. Head uniformly dark brown, antennae and palpi brown. Pronotum brown, wider than long and with dark rugosities. Wings and veins dark brown. Femora pale in proximal half, distal half of femora, tibiae and tarsi uniformly dark brown. Cerci brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="1.[835,1443,225,1032]" pageId="1" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[835,904,331,355]" pageId="1" pageNumber="63">Male.</emphasis>
Forewing length
<quantity box="[1107,1194,331,355]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="9.5">9.5 mm</quantity>
. Dark median process of tergum 9 very slender, about 3 times long as wide and slightly enlarged on posterior margin (
<figureCitation box="[1359,1426,403,427]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="1.[189,241,1896,1920]" captionTargetBox="[380,1231,1107,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-381@1.[362,1231,1094,1804]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figs. 1-4. Chinoperla gorohovi. 1. Male terminalia. 2. Aedeagus lateral. 3. Aedeagus dorsal. 4. Aedeagal spine." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759671" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759671/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="63">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). Finger shaped hemitergal processes about 2.5 times long as basal width. Aedeagal tube poorly sclerotized; sac terminating in an upturned dorsal membranous lobe and a spinose lobe bearing a long slender spine (
<figureCitation box="[1007,1108,580,604]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="1.[189,241,1896,1920]" captionTargetBox="[380,1231,1107,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-381@1.[362,1231,1094,1804]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figs. 1-4. Chinoperla gorohovi. 1. Male terminalia. 2. Aedeagus lateral. 3. Aedeagus dorsal. 4. Aedeagal spine." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759671" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759671/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="63">Figs. 2-4</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="1.[835,1443,225,1032]" box="[835,1062,616,640]" pageId="1" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[835,929,616,640]" pageId="1" pageNumber="63">Female.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="1.[835,1443,225,1032]" box="[835,1042,652,676]" pageId="1" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[835,910,652,676]" pageId="1" pageNumber="63">Larva.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="63" type="etymology">
<paragraph blockId="1.[835,1443,225,1032]" pageId="1" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[835,973,688,712]" pageId="1" pageNumber="63">Etymology.</emphasis>
The patronym honors Dr. A.V. Gorohov of St. Petersburg, collector of the
<typeStatus box="[1224,1276,724,748]" pageId="1" pageNumber="63">type</typeStatus>
material.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="1" pageNumber="63" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph blockId="1.[835,1443,225,1032]" pageId="1" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[835,964,759,783]" pageId="1" pageNumber="63">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
The aedeagus of this species is similar to that of
<taxonomicName authority="Sivec &amp; Zwick" authorityName="Sivec &amp; Zwick. A" authorityYear="1989" box="[927,1269,795,819]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unidentata">
<emphasis box="[927,1079,795,819]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="63">C. unidentata</emphasis>
Sivec &amp; Zwick
</taxonomicName>
and to
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sivec &amp; Stark" authorityYear="2010" box="[1371,1443,795,819]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sila">
<emphasis box="[1371,1443,795,819]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="63">C. sila</emphasis>
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(described below) in having a single long slender spine. In this species the dorsal aedeagal lobe is significantly larger than in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sivec &amp; Zwick. A" authorityYear="1989" box="[1155,1303,901,925]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unidentata">
<emphasis box="[1155,1303,901,925]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="63">C. unidentata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation box="[1318,1383,901,925]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="1.[189,241,1896,1920]" captionTargetBox="[380,1231,1107,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-381@1.[362,1231,1094,1804]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figs. 1-4. Chinoperla gorohovi. 1. Male terminalia. 2. Aedeagus lateral. 3. Aedeagus dorsal. 4. Aedeagal spine." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759671" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759671/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="63">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
) and the median process of tergum 9 is much longer in this species (
<figureCitation box="[996,1066,972,996]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="1.[189,241,1896,1920]" captionTargetBox="[380,1231,1107,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-381@1.[362,1231,1094,1804]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figs. 1-4. Chinoperla gorohovi. 1. Male terminalia. 2. Aedeagus lateral. 3. Aedeagus dorsal. 4. Aedeagal spine." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759671" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759671/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="63">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
) than for either of its related congeners (
<bibRefCitation author="Sivec, I. &amp; P. Zwick" box="[969,1204,1008,1032]" pageId="1" pageNumber="63" pagination="11 - 16" refId="ref4930" refString="Sivec, I. &amp; P. Zwick. 1989. Addition to the knowledge of genus Chinoperla (Plecoptera: Perlidae). Aquatic Insects, 11: 11 - 16." type="journal article" year="1989">Sivec &amp; Zwick 1989</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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139
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<mods:namePart>Sivec, Ignac</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Stark, Bill P.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Box 4045, Department of Biology, Mississippi College, Clinton, Mississippi, U. S. A. 39058 E-mail: stark @ mc. edu</mods:affiliation>
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<paragraph blockId="10.[389,598,1006,1030]" box="[389,598,1006,1030]" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">
<heading bold="true" box="[389,598,1006,1030]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="72" reason="2">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[389,598,1006,1030]" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sivec &amp; Stark" authorityYear="2010" box="[389,521,1006,1030]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[389,521,1006,1030]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">Chinoperla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Vn-B
</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection box="[420,567,1042,1066]" pageId="10" pageNumber="72" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="10.[420,567,1042,1066]" box="[420,567,1042,1066]" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">
(
<figureCitation box="[428,519,1042,1066]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="10.[189,241,864,888]" captionTargetBox="[200,1395,241,817]" captionTargetId="figure-432@10.[627,967,241,718]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figs. 40-42. Chinoperla Vn-A and Vn-B. 40. Head and pronotum, Vn-A. 41. Female terminalia, Vn-A. 42. Female terminalia, Vn-B." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759699" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759699/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">Figs. 42</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation box="[531,559,1042,1066]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="11.[189,241,1290,1314]" captionTargetBox="[193,1443,251,1217]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figs. 43-46. Chinoperla eggs. 43. Entire egg, Vn-A. 44. Egg collar and anchor, Vn-A. 45. Micropyles and polar chorionic detail, Vn-A. 46. Egg collar and anchor, Vn-B." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759701" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759701/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">46</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="10" pageNumber="72" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="10.[189,797,1113,1921]" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,433,1113,1137]" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3112030308" collectingDate="1995-05-29" collectionCode="PMSL" collectorName="C. F. Lee" country="Vietnam" location="Tam Dao" pageId="10" pageNumber="72" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<collectingCountry box="[447,551,1113,1137]" name="Vietnam" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
:
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8D0787D3FFCCFFA0FE16FC73FA9066A1:0071601EFFCCFFA0FDABFBC7FD33660C" box="[568,686,1114,1137]" country="Vietnam" name="Tam Dao" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">Tam Dao</location>
,
<date pageId="10" pageNumber="72" value="1995-05-29">
<collectingDate pageId="10" pageNumber="72" value="1995-05-29">29 May 1995</collectingDate>
</date>
,
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,
<specimenCount box="[365,399,1148,1173]" pageId="10" pageNumber="72" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode box="[413,490,1149,1173]" collectionName="Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenian Museum of Natural History" country="Slovenia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4mab-159w" name="Slovenian Museum of Natural History (Prirodosloveni Muzej Slovenije)" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">PMSL</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="10.[189,797,1113,1921]" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,370,1184,1208]" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">Adult habitus.</emphasis>
Biocellate. General color brown to dark brown. Head dark brown except for pale narrow M-line and caluses. Pronotum pale brown with pale, yellowish lateral margins and darker, brown rugosities. Palpi pale, antennae uniformly brown. Fore and mid femora pale in basal third, rest of the femora dark brown; tibiae and tarsi of first and second leg uniformly brown. Hind femora pale in basal two thirds, dark brown over apical third of femora and proximal end of third tibia. Remainder of third tibiae pale, tarsal segments dark brown. Wings uniformly brown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="10.[189,797,1113,1921]" box="[189,391,1611,1635]" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,258,1611,1635]" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">Male.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="10.[189,797,1113,1921]" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,283,1647,1671]" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">Female.</emphasis>
Forewing length
<quantity box="[502,589,1647,1671]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="10" pageNumber="72" unit="mm" value="11.0">11 mm</quantity>
. Subgenital plate unproduced. Sternum 8 bearing an obscure median emargination (
<figureCitation box="[362,444,1718,1743]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="10.[189,241,864,888]" captionTargetBox="[200,1395,241,817]" captionTargetId="figure-432@10.[627,967,241,718]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figs. 40-42. Chinoperla Vn-A and Vn-B. 40. Head and pronotum, Vn-A. 41. Female terminalia, Vn-A. 42. Female terminalia, Vn-B." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759699" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759699/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">Fig. 42</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,241,1754,1778]" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">Egg.</emphasis>
Collar length ca.
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, collar width ca.
<quantity metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="72" unit="mm" value="0.04">0.04 mm</quantity>
. Tear drop shaped with short, narrow collar and petiolate anchor (
<figureCitation box="[394,476,1825,1849]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="11.[189,241,1290,1314]" captionTargetBox="[193,1443,251,1217]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figs. 43-46. Chinoperla eggs. 43. Entire egg, Vn-A. 44. Egg collar and anchor, Vn-A. 45. Micropyles and polar chorionic detail, Vn-A. 46. Egg collar and anchor, Vn-B." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759701" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759701/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">Fig. 46</figureCitation>
). Collar slightly wider than long, rim not flanged. Chorionic surface finely punctate throughout; sides of collar and adjacent egg body with a meshwork formed from a few low, smooth ridges.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="10.[835,1443,1006,1244]" box="[835,1042,1077,1101]" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[835,910,1077,1101]" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">Larva.</emphasis>
Unknown.
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<paragraph blockId="10.[835,1443,1006,1244]" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[835,973,1113,1137]" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">Comments.</emphasis>
The egg of this species is quite similar to that of
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<emphasis box="[915,981,1149,1173]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">C. sila</emphasis>
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and may represent a simple variant, but the collar of this specimen is shorter and slightly less ornate than in specimens of that
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<emphasis box="[1218,1286,1220,1244]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">C. sila</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

292
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<paragraph blockId="10.[917,1361,1291,1315]" box="[917,1361,1291,1315]" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">
<heading bold="true" box="[917,1361,1291,1315]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="72" reason="2">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[917,1361,1291,1315]" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">
Provisional Key for Male
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sivec &amp; Stark" authorityYear="2010" box="[1229,1361,1291,1315]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[1229,1361,1291,1315]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">Chinoperla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
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<subSubSection box="[971,1307,1327,1351]" pageId="10" pageNumber="72" type="discussion">
<paragraph blockId="10.[971,1307,1327,1351]" box="[971,1307,1327,1351]" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">
(
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Wu" baseAuthorityYear="1948" box="[980,1141,1327,1351]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigroflavata">
<emphasis box="[980,1141,1327,1351]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">C. nigroflavata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
not included)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="10" pageNumber="72" type="key">
<key lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">
<keyStep pageId="10" pageNumber="72">
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<keyLead box="[835,1443,1398,1422]" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">
1 Known from Borneo …………………….
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sivec &amp; Zwick" authorityYear="1989" box="[1334,1443,1398,1422]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="borneensis">
<emphasis box="[1334,1443,1398,1422]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">borneensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="10.[835,1444,1398,1919]" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">
<keyLead pageId="10" pageNumber="72">
1’ Known from Sumatra,
<collectingRegion box="[1144,1231,1433,1457]" country="China" name="Hainan" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">Hainan</collectingRegion>
or mainland Asia …………………………..…………………………. 2
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep pageId="10" pageNumber="72">
<paragraph blockId="10.[835,1444,1398,1919]" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">
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2 Aedeagal tip armed with a single long slender spine (
<figureCitation box="[949,1013,1540,1564]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="1.[189,241,1896,1920]" captionTargetBox="[380,1231,1107,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-381@1.[362,1231,1094,1804]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figs. 1-4. Chinoperla gorohovi. 1. Male terminalia. 2. Aedeagus lateral. 3. Aedeagus dorsal. 4. Aedeagal spine." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759671" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759671/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
) ………………………...……………. 3
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="10.[835,1444,1398,1919]" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">
<keyLead pageId="10" pageNumber="72">2’ Aedeagal tip variously armed with a broad sclerite, one or more short tooth or hook shaped spines, or with numerous small spines.………. 5</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep pageId="10" pageNumber="72">
<paragraph blockId="10.[835,1444,1398,1919]" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">
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3 Tergum 9 process somewhat circular or oval and covered with small knobs or teeth (
<figureCitation box="[1305,1434,1718,1742]" captionStart-0="Figs" captionStart-1="Figs" captionStartId-0="3.[189,241,1326,1350]" captionStartId-1="4.[189,241,1788,1812]" captionTargetBox-0="[325,1308,229,1264]" captionTargetBox-1="[189,1443,251,1713]" captionTargetId-0="figure-287@3.[325,1308,220,1228]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="4" captionText-0="Figs. 11-15. Chinoperla rhododendrona. 11. Head and pronotum. 12. Male terminalia, dorsal. 13. Male terminalia, lateral. 14. Aedeagus lateral. 15. Female terminalia." captionText-1="Figs. 16-21. Chinoperla eggs. C. rhododendrona (16-18) 16. Egg. 17. Egg collar. 18. Micropyle and equatorial chorionic detail. Chinoperla sila (19-21). 19. Egg. 20. Egg collar and anchor. 21. Micropyles and polar chorionic detail." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759677" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759681" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/4759677/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/4759681/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">Figs. 13-18</figureCitation>
) ……………………………………...…………….
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sivec &amp; Stark" authorityYear="2010" box="[1408,1444,1753,1777]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="10" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sila">
<emphasis box="[1408,1444,1753,1777]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">sila</emphasis>
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</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="10.[835,1444,1398,1919]" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">
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3’ Tergum 9 process linear and without knobs or teeth (
<figureCitation box="[945,1008,1824,1848]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="1.[189,241,1896,1920]" captionTargetBox="[380,1231,1107,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-381@1.[362,1231,1094,1804]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figs. 1-4. Chinoperla gorohovi. 1. Male terminalia. 2. Aedeagus lateral. 3. Aedeagus dorsal. 4. Aedeagal spine." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759671" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759671/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
) ………………………..……....…….. 4
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">
<paragraph blockId="10.[835,1444,1398,1919]" lastBlockId="11.[189,798,1433,1918]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="10" pageNumber="72">
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4 Process of tergum 9 slender, more than twice as long as wide; upturned membranous aedeagal lobe larger than spine-bearing lobe (
<figureCitation box="[706,783,1433,1457]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="1.[189,241,1896,1920]" captionTargetBox="[380,1231,1107,1803]" captionTargetId="figure-381@1.[362,1231,1094,1804]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figs. 1-4. Chinoperla gorohovi. 1. Male terminalia. 2. Aedeagus lateral. 3. Aedeagus dorsal. 4. Aedeagal spine." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759671" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759671/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="73">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
); known from
<collectingCountry box="[380,481,1468,1492]" name="Vietnam" pageId="11" pageNumber="73">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
….…………….….
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sivec &amp; Stark" authorityYear="2010" box="[700,793,1468,1492]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gorohovi">
<emphasis box="[700,793,1468,1492]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="73">gorohovi</emphasis>
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</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759701" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4759701" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759701/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="73" startId="11.[189,241,1290,1314]" targetBox="[193,1443,251,1217]" targetPageId="11">
<paragraph blockId="11.[189,1442,1290,1351]" pageId="11" pageNumber="73">
Figs. 43-46.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sivec &amp; Stark" authorityYear="2010" box="[326,444,1290,1314]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis box="[326,444,1290,1314]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="73">Chinoperla</emphasis>
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eggs. 43. Entire egg, Vn-A. 44. Egg collar and anchor, Vn-A. 45. Micropyles and polar chorionic detail, Vn-A. 46. Egg collar and anchor, Vn-B.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph blockId="11.[189,798,1433,1918]" pageId="11" pageNumber="73">
<keyLead pageId="11" pageNumber="73">
4’ Process of tergum 9 about as wide as long; upturned membranous aedeagal lobe smaller than spine-bearing lobe; known from
<collectingCountry box="[691,796,1575,1599]" name="Thailand" pageId="11" pageNumber="73">Thailand</collectingCountry>
……………………………………………
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sivec &amp; Zwick. A" authorityYear="1989" box="[684,798,1610,1634]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unidentata">
<emphasis box="[684,798,1610,1634]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="73">unidentata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep pageId="11" pageNumber="73">
<paragraph blockId="11.[189,798,1433,1918]" pageId="11" pageNumber="73">
<keyLead pageId="11" pageNumber="73">
5 Wings with dark apical band; aedeagal apex armed with a group of three moderately large teeth and two ventral clusters of 6-8 smaller teeth; known from Sumatra ……….…………….
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Geijskes" baseAuthorityYear="1952" box="[717,797,1752,1776]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reducta">
<emphasis box="[717,797,1752,1776]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="73">reducta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="11.[189,798,1433,1918]" pageId="11" pageNumber="73">
<keyLead pageId="11" pageNumber="73">
5’ Wing tips uniformly pigmented; aedeagal apex variously armed but not as above; known from
<collectingRegion box="[227,314,1859,1883]" country="China" name="Hainan" pageId="11" pageNumber="73">Hainan</collectingRegion>
or mainland Asia …...………..…………. 6
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep pageId="11" pageNumber="73">
<paragraph blockId="11.[189,798,1433,1918]" lastBlockId="11.[835,1443,1433,1919]" pageId="11" pageNumber="73">
<keyLead pageId="11" pageNumber="73">
6 Wings with narrow pale apical band and pale median spot; dorsal process of tergum 9 expanded on posterior margin with a pair of small foot shaped extensions; known from
<collectingCountry box="[873,978,1539,1563]" name="Thailand" pageId="11" pageNumber="73">Thailand</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry box="[1034,1141,1539,1563]" name="Malaysia" pageId="11" pageNumber="73">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
……………..…
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Banks" baseAuthorityYear="1931" box="[1325,1443,1539,1563]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fascipennis">
<emphasis box="[1325,1443,1539,1563]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="73">fascipennis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="11.[835,1443,1433,1919]" pageId="11" pageNumber="73">
<keyLead pageId="11" pageNumber="73">6’ Wings without pale apical band; dorsal process of tergum 9 not as above ………….……………….. 7</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep pageId="11" pageNumber="73">
<paragraph blockId="11.[835,1443,1433,1919]" pageId="11" pageNumber="73">
<keyLead pageId="11" pageNumber="73">
7 Hemitergal finger shaped processes at least 3 times long as basal width; aedeagal apex without large tooth like spines; known from
<collectingCountry box="[1381,1443,1717,1741]" name="India" pageId="11" pageNumber="73">India</collectingCountry>
…………………………..…………………
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Banks" baseAuthorityYear="1914" box="[1345,1443,1753,1776]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigriceps">
<emphasis box="[1345,1443,1753,1776]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="73">nigriceps</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="11.[835,1443,1433,1919]" pageId="11" pageNumber="73">
<keyLead pageId="11" pageNumber="73">7’ Finger shaped hemitergal processes about 2.5 times long as basal width; aedeagal apex with one or more teeth …………………………………..…. 8</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="74" pageId="11" pageNumber="73">
<paragraph blockId="11.[835,1443,1433,1919]" box="[835,1443,1894,1919]" pageId="11" pageNumber="73">
<keyLead box="[835,1443,1894,1919]" pageId="11" pageNumber="73">
8 Aedeagal apex with one large spine (
<figureCitation box="[1300,1364,1894,1919]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[189,241,935,959]" captionTargetBox="[259,1432,198,895]" captionTargetId="figure-470@2.[613,1066,181,628]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 5-10. Chinoperla porntip. 5. Male terminalia. 6. Aedeagus ventral. 7. Aedeagus lateral. 8. Aedeagus dorsal. 9. Female terminalia. 10. Egg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766213" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4766213/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="73">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
) …... 9
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="12.[189,798,225,959]" pageId="12" pageNumber="74">
<keyLead pageId="12" pageNumber="74">
8’ Aedeagal apex with several large spines; known from
<collectingRegion box="[291,378,260,284]" country="China" name="Hainan" pageId="12" pageNumber="74">Hainan</collectingRegion>
………………..………..….
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Banks" baseAuthorityYear="1939" box="[690,798,260,284]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrifrons">
<emphasis box="[690,798,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="74">nigrifrons</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<keyStep pageId="12" pageNumber="74">
<paragraph blockId="12.[189,798,225,959]" pageId="12" pageNumber="74">
<keyLead pageId="12" pageNumber="74">
9 Aedeagal apex sagittate (
<figureCitation box="[558,637,296,320]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="2.[189,241,935,959]" captionTargetBox="[259,1432,198,895]" captionTargetId="figure-470@2.[613,1066,181,628]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs. 5-10. Chinoperla porntip. 5. Male terminalia. 6. Aedeagus ventral. 7. Aedeagus lateral. 8. Aedeagus dorsal. 9. Female terminalia. 10. Egg." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766213" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4766213/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="74">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
); sclerite of aedeagal tube bracelet-like; known from
<collectingCountry box="[694,797,331,355]" name="Thailand" pageId="12" pageNumber="74">Thailand</collectingCountry>
………………………………………………...
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sivec &amp; Stark" authorityYear="2010" box="[722,798,368,391]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="porntip">
<emphasis box="[722,798,368,391]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="74">porntip</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="12.[189,798,225,959]" pageId="12" pageNumber="74">
<keyLead pageId="12" pageNumber="74">9’ Aedeagal apex shape not sagittate; aedeagal tube sclerite linear …………………………...……….. 10</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep pageId="12" pageNumber="74">
<paragraph blockId="12.[189,798,225,959]" pageId="12" pageNumber="74">
<keyLead pageId="12" pageNumber="74">
10 Apical aedeagal armature, a broad sclerite bearing a small fin-like process near tip (
<figureCitation box="[600,676,509,533]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="3.[189,241,1326,1350]" captionTargetBox="[325,1308,229,1264]" captionTargetId="figure-287@3.[325,1308,220,1228]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="Figs. 11-15. Chinoperla rhododendrona. 11. Head and pronotum. 12. Male terminalia, dorsal. 13. Male terminalia, lateral. 14. Aedeagus lateral. 15. Female terminalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759677" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759677/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="74">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
); tergum 9 process bearing a few small knobs or teeth; known from
<collectingCountry box="[377,478,580,604]" name="Vietnam" pageId="12" pageNumber="74">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
………….…..
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cao &amp; Bae" authorityYear="2007" box="[640,797,580,604]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhododendrona">
<emphasis box="[640,797,580,604]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="74">rhododendrona</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="12.[189,798,225,959]" pageId="12" pageNumber="74">
<keyLead pageId="12" pageNumber="74">
10’ Apical aedeagal armature without broad sclerite and fin-like process; tergum 9 process without knobs or teeth; known from
<collectingCountry box="[555,660,687,711]" name="Thailand" pageId="12" pageNumber="74">Thailand</collectingCountry>
or
<collectingCountry box="[696,797,687,711]" name="Vietnam" pageId="12" pageNumber="74">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
……………………………………………………. 11
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep pageId="12" pageNumber="74">
<paragraph blockId="12.[189,798,225,959]" pageId="12" pageNumber="74">
<keyLead pageId="12" pageNumber="74">
11 Lateral aedeagal lobes directed backward (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="6.[189,241,1860,1884]" captionTargetBox="[322,1397,1020,1822]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Figs. 26-30. Chinoperla spinata. 26. Head and pronotum. 27. Male terminalia. 28. Aedeagus lateral. 29. Aedeagal apex. 30. Female terminalia." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759687" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759687/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="74">Fig. 28</figureCitation>
); largest spines of armature patch surround apical tooth; known from
<collectingCountry box="[529,634,829,853]" name="Thailand" pageId="12" pageNumber="74">Thailand</collectingCountry>
….…..
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sivec &amp; Stark" authorityYear="2010" box="[719,797,829,852]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spinata">
<emphasis box="[719,797,829,852]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="74">spinata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="12.[189,798,225,959]" pageId="12" pageNumber="74">
<keyLead pageId="12" pageNumber="74">
11’ Lateral aedeagal lobes directed ventrad (
<figureCitation box="[703,784,864,888]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="9.[189,241,1255,1279]" captionTargetBox="[334,1277,251,1176]" captionTargetId="figure-283@9.[438,1194,251,1176]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figs. 37-39. Chinoperla yi. 37. Head and pronotum. 38. Male terminalia. 39. Aedeagus lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759697" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759697/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="74">Fig. 39</figureCitation>
); largest spines of armature patch located on lateral lobes; known from
<collectingCountry box="[452,553,935,959]" name="Vietnam" pageId="12" pageNumber="74">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
……………………
<emphasis box="[776,797,936,959]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="74">yi</emphasis>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</key>
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</treatment>
</subSection>
</document>

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<mods:namePart>Sivec, Ignac</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Slovenian Museum of Natural History, Prešernova 20, P. O. Box 290, SLO- 1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia E-mail: isivec @ pms-lj. si</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">isivec@pms-lj.si</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Stark, Bill P.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Box 4045, Department of Biology, Mississippi College, Clinton, Mississippi, U. S. A. 39058 E-mail: stark @ mc. edu</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">stark@mc.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
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<mods:date>2010</mods:date>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4766236" ID-GBIF-Taxon="182165701" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4766236" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8D0787D3FFCEFFA3FEE6FAB3FE856442" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8D0787D3FFCEFFA3FEE6FAB3FE856442" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="71" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">
<subSubSection box="[373,613,1326,1351]" pageId="8" pageNumber="70" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph blockId="8.[373,613,1326,1351]" box="[373,613,1326,1351]" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">
<heading bold="true" box="[373,613,1326,1351]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="70" reason="2">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[373,613,1326,1351]" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[373,535,1326,1351]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">
<taxonomicName authority="Sivec &amp; Stark, 2010" authorityName="Sivec &amp; Stark" authorityYear="2010" box="[373,505,1326,1350]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="sp. n.">Chinoperla</taxonomicName>
yi
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel box="[549,613,1327,1351]" pageId="8" pageNumber="70" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph blockId="8.[422,565,1362,1387]" box="[422,565,1362,1387]" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">
(
<figureCitation box="[430,557,1362,1387]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="9.[189,241,1255,1279]" captionTargetBox="[334,1277,251,1176]" captionTargetId="figure-283@9.[438,1194,251,1176]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figs. 37-39. Chinoperla yi. 37. Head and pronotum. 38. Male terminalia. 39. Aedeagus lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759697" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759697/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">Figs. 37-39</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="70" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="8.[189,797,1432,1920]" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,435,1433,1457]" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3112030303" collectingDate="1995-05-08" collectionCode="ROM" collectorName="D. Currie &amp; B. Hubley &amp; J. Swann" country="Vietnam" location="Lao Cai" pageId="8" pageNumber="70" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Lao Cai" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus box="[452,564,1433,1457]" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">Holotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCount box="[580,600,1432,1457]" pageId="8" pageNumber="70" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
from
<collectingRegion box="[690,792,1433,1457]" country="Vietnam" name="Lao Cai" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">Lao Cai</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry box="[189,292,1469,1493]" name="Vietnam" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
,
<locationDeviation pageId="8" pageNumber="70">large waterfall on road from Sapa to Lai Chau</locationDeviation>
,
<date box="[268,409,1505,1529]" pageId="8" pageNumber="70" value="1995-05-08">
<collectingDate box="[268,409,1505,1529]" pageId="8" pageNumber="70" value="1995-05-08">8 May 1995</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName box="[422,537,1505,1529]" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">D. Currie</collectorName>
,
<collectorName box="[550,672,1505,1529]" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">B. Hubley</collectorName>
,
<collectorName box="[686,792,1505,1529]" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">J. Swann</collectorName>
, ROM 956022 (
<collectionCode box="[351,420,1541,1565]" collectionName="Canada Entomology Department, Royal Ontario Museum" country="Canada" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34778" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34778" name="Royal Ontario Museum" pageId="8" pageNumber="70" type="Museum">ROM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3112030309" collectingDate="1999-05-01" collectingDateMax="1999-05-12" collectingDateMin="1999-05-01" collectionCode="ROM" collectorName="B. Hubley" country="Vietnam" elevation="1950" location="Sapa" pageId="8" pageNumber="70" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Lao Cai" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus box="[437,545,1541,1565]" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">Paratype</typeStatus>
:
<collectingCountry box="[554,658,1540,1564]" name="Vietnam" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion box="[666,757,1540,1564]" country="Vietnam" name="Lao Cai" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">Lao Cai</collectingRegion>
, ca.
<quantity box="[189,261,1576,1600]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="70" unit="km" value="12.0">
<locationDeviation box="[189,261,1576,1600]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="8" pageNumber="70" unit="km" value="12.0">12 km</locationDeviation>
</quantity>
on road from
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8D0787D3FFCEFFA3FEE6FAB3FE856442:0071601EFFCEFFA2FE22F9B5FE74643D" box="[433,489,1576,1600]" country="Vietnam" name="Sapa" pageId="8" pageNumber="70" stateProvince="Lao Cai">Sapa</location>
to
<collectingRegion box="[527,638,1576,1600]" country="Vietnam" name="Lai Chau" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">Lai Chau</collectingRegion>
,
<quantity box="[649,735,1576,1600]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" pageId="8" pageNumber="70" unit="m" value="1950.0">
<elevation box="[649,735,1576,1600]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" pageId="8" pageNumber="70" unit="m" value="1950.0">1950 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date pageId="8" pageNumber="70" value="1999-05-01" valueMax="1999-05-12" valueMin="1999-05-01">
<collectingDate pageId="8" pageNumber="70" value="1999-05-01" valueMax="1999-05-12" valueMin="1999-05-01">1-12 May 1999</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName box="[316,436,1611,1635]" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">B. Hubley</collectorName>
,
<collectionCode box="[447,511,1612,1636]" collectionName="Canada Entomology Department, Royal Ontario Museum" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">ROM</collectionCode>
992011,
<specimenCount box="[611,645,1610,1636]" pageId="8" pageNumber="70" type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode box="[659,724,1612,1636]" collectionName="Canada Entomology Department, Royal Ontario Museum" country="Canada" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34778" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34778" name="Royal Ontario Museum" pageId="8" pageNumber="70" type="Museum">ROM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="70" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="8.[189,797,1432,1920]" lastBlockId="8.[835,1443,1327,1920]" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,370,1647,1671]" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">Adult habitus.</emphasis>
Biocellate. Head with dark brown pigment over ocelli and central frons extending to pale M-line; forward of M-line, a bell shaped dark area covers central frons; lappets and mesal occiput dusky brown (
<figureCitation box="[365,449,1789,1814]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="9.[189,241,1255,1279]" captionTargetBox="[334,1277,251,1176]" captionTargetId="figure-283@9.[438,1194,251,1176]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figs. 37-39. Chinoperla yi. 37. Head and pronotum. 38. Male terminalia. 39. Aedeagus lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759697" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759697/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">Fig. 37</figureCitation>
). Pronotum pale brown with darker rugosities on disk; anterior and posterior margins with narrow dark brown band. Wings tinted with pale brown; veins dark brown except for pale costal area; Sc vein reduced, obscure except at base. Legs pale brown but darker at apex of femora and at base and apex of tibia.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="8.[835,1443,1327,1920]" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[835,904,1433,1457]" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">Male.</emphasis>
Forewing length
<quantity box="[1128,1217,1433,1457]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="70" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
. Tergum 8 with a slightly produced, lightly sclerotized median lobe sparsely clothed with short setae. Dark median process of tergum 9 slightly longer than wide and broadly U-shaped on posterior margin (
<figureCitation box="[1341,1431,1576,1600]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="9.[189,241,1255,1279]" captionTargetBox="[334,1277,251,1176]" captionTargetId="figure-283@9.[438,1194,251,1176]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figs. 37-39. Chinoperla yi. 37. Head and pronotum. 38. Male terminalia. 39. Aedeagus lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759697" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759697/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">Fig. 38</figureCitation>
). Finger shaped hemitergal processes about twice as long as basal width. Aedeagal tube damaged and poorly sclerotized, bearing a lateral pair of setal patches near base (
<figureCitation box="[1057,1138,1718,1742]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="9.[189,241,1255,1279]" captionTargetBox="[334,1277,251,1176]" captionTargetId="figure-283@9.[438,1194,251,1176]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Figs. 37-39. Chinoperla yi. 37. Head and pronotum. 38. Male terminalia. 39. Aedeagus lateral." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759697" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759697/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">Fig. 39</figureCitation>
); sac not fully everted but with three spinous lobes; median lobe bearing a sclerotized terminal tooth shaped spine, dorsolateral lobes completely covered with small spines.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="8.[835,1443,1327,1920]" box="[835,1062,1860,1884]" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[835,929,1860,1884]" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">Female.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="8.[835,1443,1327,1920]" box="[835,1042,1896,1920]" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[835,910,1896,1920]" pageId="8" pageNumber="70">Larva.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759697" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4759697" box="[189,1269,1255,1279]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759697/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="71" startId="9.[189,241,1255,1279]" targetBox="[334,1277,251,1176]" targetPageId="9">
<paragraph blockId="9.[189,1269,1255,1279]" box="[189,1269,1255,1279]" pageId="9" pageNumber="71">
Figs. 37-39.
<emphasis box="[327,473,1255,1279]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="71">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sivec &amp; Stark" authorityYear="2010" box="[327,445,1255,1279]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Chinoperla</taxonomicName>
yi
</emphasis>
. 37. Head and pronotum. 38. Male terminalia. 39. Aedeagus lateral.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="71" type="etymology">
<paragraph blockId="9.[189,797,1361,1599]" pageId="9" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,327,1362,1386]" pageId="9" pageNumber="71">Etymology.</emphasis>
The species name, used as a noun in apposition, honors the Yi people of the
<collectingCountry box="[189,289,1433,1457]" name="Vietnam" pageId="9" pageNumber="71">China-Vietnam</collectingCountry>
border region near the
<typeStatus box="[567,619,1433,1457]" pageId="9" pageNumber="71">type</typeStatus>
locality.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="71" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph blockId="9.[189,797,1361,1599]" pageId="9" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,319,1468,1492]" pageId="9" pageNumber="71">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Males of this species have a single tooth shaped aedeagal spine which is unlike the long slender spines found in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sivec &amp; Zwick. A" authorityYear="1989" box="[493,647,1540,1564]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unidentata">
<emphasis box="[493,647,1540,1564]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="71">C. unidentata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and related species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

156
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Sivec &amp; Stark" authorityYear="2010" box="[387,519,1646,1670]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[387,519,1646,1670]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="71">Chinoperla</emphasis>
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Vn-A
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<paragraph blockId="9.[384,603,1682,1706]" box="[384,603,1682,1706]" pageId="9" pageNumber="71">
(
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,
<figureCitation box="[531,595,1682,1706]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="11.[189,241,1290,1314]" captionTargetBox="[193,1443,251,1217]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figs. 43-46. Chinoperla eggs. 43. Entire egg, Vn-A. 44. Egg collar and anchor, Vn-A. 45. Micropyles and polar chorionic detail, Vn-A. 46. Egg collar and anchor, Vn-B." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759701" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759701/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="71">43-45</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="71" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph blockId="9.[189,798,1753,1920]" pageId="9" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,424,1753,1777]" pageId="9" pageNumber="71">Material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3112030307" collectingDate="1995-05-19" collectingDateMax="1995-06-13" collectingDateMin="1995-05-19" collectionCode="PMSL" collectorName="H. Malicky" country="Vietnam" elevation="950" location="Tam Dao" pageId="9" pageNumber="71" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<collectingCountry box="[429,533,1753,1777]" name="Vietnam" pageId="9" pageNumber="71">Vietnam</collectingCountry>
:
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,
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</quantity>
,
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<collectingDate box="[189,434,1789,1814]" pageId="9" pageNumber="71" value="1995-05-19" valueMax="1995-06-13" valueMin="1995-05-19">19 May-13 June 1995</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName box="[445,579,1789,1813]" pageId="9" pageNumber="71">H. Malicky</collectorName>
,
<specimenCount box="[590,624,1788,1813]" pageId="9" pageNumber="71" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode box="[638,715,1789,1813]" collectionName="Slovenia, Ljubljana, Slovenian Museum of Natural History" country="Slovenia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/4mab-159w" name="Slovenian Museum of Natural History (Prirodosloveni Muzej Slovenije)" pageId="9" pageNumber="71">PMSL</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="71" type="description">
<paragraph blockId="9.[189,798,1753,1920]" lastBlockId="9.[835,1329,1361,1386]" pageId="9" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[189,367,1824,1848]" pageId="9" pageNumber="71">Adult habitus.</emphasis>
Biocellate. Head dark brown except for narrow pale M-line and clypeus. Pronotum brown with scattered darker rugosities on disk (
<figureCitation box="[752,797,1896,1920]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="10.[189,241,864,888]" captionTargetBox="[200,1395,241,817]" captionTargetId="figure-432@10.[627,967,241,718]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figs. 40-42. Chinoperla Vn-A and Vn-B. 40. Head and pronotum, Vn-A. 41. Female terminalia, Vn-A. 42. Female terminalia, Vn-B." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759699" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759699/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="71">Fig.</figureCitation>
<subSection pageId="9" pageNumber="71" type="multiple">
<heading box="[835,1329,1361,1386]" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="71" reason="4">40). Wings uniformly brown. Legs brown.</heading>
<paragraph blockId="9.[835,1444,1397,1920]" box="[835,1036,1397,1421]" pageId="9" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[835,904,1397,1421]" pageId="9" pageNumber="71">Male.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="9.[835,1444,1397,1920]" pageId="9" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[835,929,1433,1457]" pageId="9" pageNumber="71">Female.</emphasis>
Forewing length
<quantity box="[1148,1235,1433,1457]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="9" pageNumber="71" unit="mm" value="11.0">11 mm</quantity>
. Subgenital plate unproduced and without mesal notch (
<figureCitation box="[1295,1377,1469,1493]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="10.[189,241,864,888]" captionTargetBox="[200,1395,241,817]" captionTargetId="figure-432@10.[627,967,241,718]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="Figs. 40-42. Chinoperla Vn-A and Vn-B. 40. Head and pronotum, Vn-A. 41. Female terminalia, Vn-A. 42. Female terminalia, Vn-B." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759699" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759699/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="71">Fig. 41</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="9.[835,1444,1397,1920]" pageId="9" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[835,887,1504,1528]" pageId="9" pageNumber="71">Egg.</emphasis>
Egg length ca.
<quantity box="[1063,1165,1504,1528]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="9" pageNumber="71" unit="mm" value="0.55">0.55 mm</quantity>
, egg width ca.
<quantity box="[1337,1438,1504,1528]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" pageId="9" pageNumber="71" unit="mm" value="0.24">0.24 mm</quantity>
, collar length
<quantity box="[992,1097,1540,1564]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="9" pageNumber="71" unit="mm" value="0.17">0.17 mm</quantity>
. Tear drop shaped with long slender collar and petiolate anchor (
<figureCitation box="[1333,1430,1576,1600]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="11.[189,241,1290,1314]" captionTargetBox="[193,1443,251,1217]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figs. 43-46. Chinoperla eggs. 43. Entire egg, Vn-A. 44. Egg collar and anchor, Vn-A. 45. Micropyles and polar chorionic detail, Vn-A. 46. Egg collar and anchor, Vn-B." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759701" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759701/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="71">Fig. 43</figureCitation>
). Chorionic surface finely pitted in obscure follicle cells near poles; more coarsely pitted in a narrow equatorial zone (
<figureCitation box="[1047,1137,1682,1706]" captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="11.[189,241,1290,1314]" captionTargetBox="[193,1443,251,1217]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figs. 43-46. Chinoperla eggs. 43. Entire egg, Vn-A. 44. Egg collar and anchor, Vn-A. 45. Micropyles and polar chorionic detail, Vn-A. 46. Egg collar and anchor, Vn-B." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759701" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759701/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="71">Fig. 44</figureCitation>
). Collar with meshwork forming irregular long cells with smooth floors (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figs" captionStartId="11.[189,241,1290,1314]" captionTargetBox="[193,1443,251,1217]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figs. 43-46. Chinoperla eggs. 43. Entire egg, Vn-A. 44. Egg collar and anchor, Vn-A. 45. Micropyles and polar chorionic detail, Vn-A. 46. Egg collar and anchor, Vn-B." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4759701" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/4759701/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="71">Fig. 45</figureCitation>
); collar rim flanged.
</paragraph>
<paragraph blockId="9.[835,1444,1397,1920]" box="[835,1042,1789,1813]" pageId="9" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[835,910,1789,1813]" pageId="9" pageNumber="71">Larva.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="71" type="discussion">
<paragraph blockId="9.[835,1444,1397,1920]" pageId="9" pageNumber="71">
<emphasis bold="true" box="[835,973,1824,1848]" pageId="9" pageNumber="71">Comments.</emphasis>
The egg of this female is similar to that of
<taxonomicName authority="(Navas) (Zwick 1983)" authorityName="Zwick" authorityYear="1983" baseAuthorityName="Navas" baseAuthorityYear="1932" box="[864,1365,1860,1885]" class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Phanoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscipennis">
<emphasis box="[864,1111,1860,1885]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="71">Phanoperla fuscipennis</emphasis>
(Navas) (Zwick 1983)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Perlidae" genus="Chinoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Plecoptera" pageId="9" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="serrata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="71">C. serrata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(described above).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</subSection>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

818
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@ -0,0 +1,818 @@
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.991.54935" ID-GBIF-Dataset="06304a15-2450-400f-8978-45c7c49d1d66" ID-PMC="PMC7674404" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-991-137" ID-Pensoft-UUID="A789ECB84D295459B43890139564D4C4" ID-PubMed="33223904" ID-ZooBank="2D9EEFC0B43E4AC386E789944E54169B" ModsDocID="1313-2970-991-137" checkinTime="1605192555402" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Qi, Shuo, Wang, Jian, Grismer, L. Lee, Chen, Hong-Hui, Lyu, Zhi-Tong &amp; Wang, Ying-Yong" docDate="2020" docId="8D07A66D000558B588FED579BEB686B1" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 991: 137-153" docOrigin="ZooKeys 991" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.991.54935" docTitle="Goniurosaurus gollum Qi, Wang, Grismer, Lyu &amp; Wang 2020, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="C1369EA0-37AB-457C-89C8-E98ED643E1E4" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" id="A789ECB84D295459B43890139564D4C4" lastPageNumber="137" masterDocId="A789ECB84D295459B43890139564D4C4" masterDocTitle="The Stoor Hobbit of Guangdong: Goniurosaurus gollum sp. nov., a cave-dwelling Leopard Gecko (Squamata, Eublepharidae) from South China" masterLastPageNumber="153" masterPageNumber="137" pageNumber="137" updateTime="1668169861900" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>The Stoor Hobbit of Guangdong: Goniurosaurus gollum sp. nov., a cave-dwelling Leopard Gecko (Squamata, Eublepharidae) from South China</mods:title>
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<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Qi, Shuo</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol / The Museum of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Wang, Jian</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol / The Museum of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Grismer, L. Lee</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Herpetology Laboratory, Department of Biology, La Sierra University, Riverside, California 92515, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Chen, Hong-Hui</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol / The Museum of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Lyu, Zhi-Tong</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol / The Museum of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4891-3859</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Wang, Ying-Yong</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol / The Museum of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510275, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">wangyy@mail.sysu.edu.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:number>991</mods:number>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.991.54935</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="169052035" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:C1369EA0-37AB-457C-89C8-E98ED643E1E4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8D07A66D000558B588FED579BEB686B1" lastPageNumber="137" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="137" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<taxonomicName LSID="8D07A66D-0005-58B5-88FE-D579BEB686B1" authority="Qi, Wang, Grismer, Lyu &amp; Wang" authorityName="Qi, Wang, Grismer, Lyu &amp; Wang" authorityYear="2020" class="Reptilia" family="Eublepharidae" genus="Goniurosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Goniurosaurus gollum" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gollum" status="sp. nov.">Goniurosaurus gollum Qi, Wang, Grismer, Lyu &amp; Wang</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="137">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A The general aspect of the adult male holotype of Goniurosaurus gollum sp. nov. (SYS r 002420) in life B scalation and coloration characters of the head of the holotype. Photographs by Shuo Qi." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.991.54935.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474306" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Figs 2</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Type series of Goniurosaurus gollum sp. nov. A holotype, male, SYS r 002420 B paratype, male, SYS r 002421 C paratype, female, SYS r 002421; (1) dorsal view; (2) dorsal view of head; (3) ventral view of head; (4) close-up of the precloacal region, the Arabic number refer to the number of precloacal pores. Photographs by Shuo Qi." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.991.54935.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474307" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">, 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Comparisons of iris color with three closely related congeners A Goniurosaurus gollum sp. nov. (holotype, SYS r 002420) B Goniurosaurus varius (holotype, SYS r 002333) C Goniurosaurus yingdeensis (holotype SYSr 000504) D Goniurosaurus zhelongi (holotype, SYS r 000770). Photographs by Shuo Qi and Ying-Yong Wang." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.991.54935.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474308" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">, 4A</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. The holotype of Goniurosaurus gollum sp. nov. (SYS r 002420) at its habitat: a barren limestone cave of Guangdong, China. Photograph by Shuo Qi." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.991.54935.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474309" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">, 5</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="137" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Holotype</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
SYS r002420, adult male (Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. A The general aspect of the adult male holotype of Goniurosaurus gollum sp. nov. (SYS r 002420) in life B scalation and coloration characters of the head of the holotype. Photographs by Shuo Qi." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.991.54935.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474306" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Type series of Goniurosaurus gollum sp. nov. A holotype, male, SYS r 002420 B paratype, male, SYS r 002421 C paratype, female, SYS r 002421; (1) dorsal view; (2) dorsal view of head; (3) ventral view of head; (4) close-up of the precloacal region, the Arabic number refer to the number of precloacal pores. Photographs by Shuo Qi." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.991.54935.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474307" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">3A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Comparisons of iris color with three closely related congeners A Goniurosaurus gollum sp. nov. (holotype, SYS r 002420) B Goniurosaurus varius (holotype, SYS r 002333) C Goniurosaurus yingdeensis (holotype SYSr 000504) D Goniurosaurus zhelongi (holotype, SYS r 000770). Photographs by Shuo Qi and Ying-Yong Wang." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.991.54935.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474308" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">4A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. The holotype of Goniurosaurus gollum sp. nov. (SYS r 002420) at its habitat: a barren limestone cave of Guangdong, China. Photograph by Shuo Qi." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.991.54935.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474309" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">5</figureCitation>
), collected by Shuo Qi, Jian Wang and Hong-Hui Chen on 21 May 2020 from Huaiji County, Zhaoqing City, Guangdong Province, China. Exact locality available to only qualified researchers upon request.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Paratypes</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
One adult male (SYS r002421) and one adult female (SYS r002422) share the same collection information as the holotype.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.991.54935.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474306" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">A</emphasis>
The general aspect of the adult male holotype of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Qi, Wang, Grismer, Lyu &amp; Wang" authorityYear="2020" class="Reptilia" family="Eublepharidae" genus="Goniurosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Goniurosaurus gollum" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gollum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Goniurosaurus gollum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (SYS r002420) in life
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">B</emphasis>
scalation and coloration characters of the head of the holotype. Photographs by Shuo Qi.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="137" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Qi, Wang, Grismer, Lyu &amp; Wang" authorityYear="2020" class="Reptilia" family="Eublepharidae" genus="Goniurosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Goniurosaurus gollum" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gollum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Goniurosaurus gollum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. can be distinguished from all other congeners by the following combination of characters: (1) adult body size moderate, 91.0-93.4 mm SVL; (2) nasal scales surrounding nares seven or eight; (4) internasal single; (5) eyelid fringe scales 59-63; (6) granular scales of upper eyelids similar in size to those on top of head; (7) scales around midbody 121-128; (8) longitudinal dorsal tubercle rows at midbody 16 or 17; (9) paravertebral tubercles between limb insertions 25 or 26; (10) claws sheathed by four scales, dorsal claw scales small, two lateral claw scales short and shell-shaped; (11) axillary pockets deep; (12) presence of 10 or 11 precloacal pores in males and absent in females; (13) dorsal ground color of head, body, and limbs in adults yellowish brown and mottled with irregularly shaped dark-brown blotches; (14) nuchal loop complete, rounded posteriorly; (15) presence of three or four thin dorsal body bands between nuchal loop and caudal constriction, with black anterior and posterior borders, bands usually irregularly shaped; (16) iris orange, gradually darker on both sides.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.991.54935.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474307" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Figure 3.</emphasis>
Type series of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Qi, Wang, Grismer, Lyu &amp; Wang" authorityYear="2020" class="Reptilia" family="Eublepharidae" genus="Goniurosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Goniurosaurus gollum" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gollum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Goniurosaurus gollum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">A</emphasis>
holotype, male, SYS r002420
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">B</emphasis>
paratype, male, SYS r002421
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">C</emphasis>
paratype, female, SYS r002421; (1) dorsal view; (2) dorsal view of head; (3) ventral view of head; (4) close-up of the precloacal region, the Arabic number refer to the number of precloacal pores. Photographs by Shuo Qi.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="137" type="comparisons">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Comparisons.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Qi, Wang, Grismer, Lyu &amp; Wang" authorityYear="2020" class="Reptilia" family="Eublepharidae" genus="Goniurosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Goniurosaurus gollum" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gollum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Goniurosaurus gollum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. can be distinguished from the other 21 known species in the genus by the following combination of characters: base of claws being sheathed by four scales, two lateral claw scales short and shell-shaped (vs. claws sheathed by four scales, two lateral scales of claw long, curved in
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. lichtenfelderi" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rank="species" species="lichtenfelderi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">G. lichtenfelderi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group and
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. luii" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rank="species" species="luii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">G. luii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group, and not sheathed in
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. kuroiwae" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rank="species" species="kuroiwae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">G. kuroiwae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group); having 10 or 11 precloacal pores in males (vs. 17-46 in
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. lichtenfelderi" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rank="species" species="lichtenfelderi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">G. lichtenfelderi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group, 16-33 in
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. luii" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rank="species" species="luii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">G. luii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group and absent in
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. kuroiwae" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rank="species" species="kuroiwae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">G. kuroiwae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group); and lacking an enlarged row of supraorbital tubercles (present in
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. lichtenfelderi" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rank="species" species="lichtenfelderi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">G. lichtenfelderi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group and
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. luii" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rank="species" species="luii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">G. luii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Qi, Wang, Grismer, Lyu &amp; Wang" authorityYear="2020" class="Reptilia" family="Eublepharidae" genus="Goniurosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Goniurosaurus gollum" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gollum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Goniurosaurus gollum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. can be distinguished from its closest relatives in the
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wang, Yang &amp; Cui" authorityYear="2010" class="Reptilia" family="Eublepharidae" genus="Goniurosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Goniurosaurus yingdeensis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yingdeensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Goniurosaurus yingdeensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group by the following combination of characters: scales around midbody 121-128 (vs. 101-110 in
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. varius" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rank="species" species="varius">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">G. varius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 101-116 in
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. yingdeensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rank="species" species="yingdeensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">G. yingdeensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 99-109 in
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. zhelongi" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rank="species" species="zhelongi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">G. zhelongi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); longitudinal dorsal tubercle rows at midbody 16 or 17 (vs. 21-24 in
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. varius" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rank="species" species="varius">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">G. varius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 20-25 in
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. yingdeensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rank="species" species="yingdeensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">G. yingdeensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 23-28 in
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. zhelongi" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rank="species" species="zhelongi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">G. zhelongi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); absence of ten precloacal pores in females (vs. present in
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. yingdeensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rank="species" species="yingdeensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">G. yingdeensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); nuchal loop and body bands immaculate (vs. having black spots in
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. varius" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rank="species" species="varius">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">G. varius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); iris orange, gradually darker on both sides (vs. iris orange-red in
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. varius" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rank="species" species="varius">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">G. varius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, iris gray and becoming orange near the pupil in
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. yingdeensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rank="species" species="yingdeensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">G. yingdeensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, iris gray-white and tinged with orange in
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. zhelongi" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rank="species" species="zhelongi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">G. zhelongi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Additional comparisons of morphological characteristics are provided in Table
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="T4" captionText="Table 4. Diagnostic characters distinguishing Goniurosaurus gollum sp. nov. from all other known species of Goniurosaurus. Data come from Grismer et al. 1999, 2002; Orlov et al. 2008; Ziegler et al. 2008; Blair et al. 2009; Wang et al. 2010, 2013, 2014; Yang and Chan 2015; Zhou et al. 2018; Qi et al. 2020; Zhu et al. 2020." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/9FA1C57822C2565111774D14D7A4456C" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" tableUuid="9FA1C57822C2565111774D14D7A4456C">4</tableCitation>
and Figure
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Comparisons of iris color with three closely related congeners A Goniurosaurus gollum sp. nov. (holotype, SYS r 002420) B Goniurosaurus varius (holotype, SYS r 002333) C Goniurosaurus yingdeensis (holotype SYSr 000504) D Goniurosaurus zhelongi (holotype, SYS r 000770). Photographs by Shuo Qi and Ying-Yong Wang." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.991.54935.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474308" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">4</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.991.54935.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474308" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Figure 4.</emphasis>
Comparisons of iris color with three closely related congeners
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">A</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Qi, Wang, Grismer, Lyu &amp; Wang" authorityYear="2020" class="Reptilia" family="Eublepharidae" genus="Goniurosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Goniurosaurus gollum" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gollum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Goniurosaurus gollum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (holotype, SYS r002420)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">B</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Reptilia" family="Eublepharidae" genus="Goniurosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Goniurosaurus varius" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="varius">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Goniurosaurus varius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(holotype, SYS r002333)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">C</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wang, Yang &amp; Cui" authorityYear="2010" class="Reptilia" family="Eublepharidae" genus="Goniurosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Goniurosaurus yingdeensis" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yingdeensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Goniurosaurus yingdeensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(holotype SYSr000504)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Wang, Jin, Li &amp; Grismer" authorityYear="2014" class="Reptilia" family="Eublepharidae" genus="Goniurosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Goniurosaurus zhelongi" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="zhelongi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Goniurosaurus zhelongi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(holotype, SYS r000770). Photographs by Shuo Qi and Ying-Yong Wang.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="137" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Description of holotype.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Adult male with original tail; SVL 93.4 mm; HL 24.2 mm; HW 16.2 mm; SE 9.3 mm; EE 9.3 mm; SVL:HL 3.9; HL:HW 1.5; SE:EE 1. Head triangular, wider than neck, covered with granular scales, densely interspersed with tubercles in the temporal and occipital regions; area between orbits uniformly covered by small granular scales; supraorbital tubercles nearly uniform in size; scales of rostrum slightly larger than those in between orbits; rostral convex and hemi-elliptic, 1.8 times as broad as high, middorsal portion of rostral partially sutured dorsomedially, bordered laterally by first supralabial and prenasal, dorsolaterally by supranasal, dorsally by one internasal; external nares oval, surrounded by 8/9 nasals each, anteriorly by prenasal and supranasal, dorsally by supranasal and a granular scale, posteriorly by 7/8 smaller granular scales, and ventrally by the prenasal; prenasal with long recurved ventral portion; supranasals large, separated by one internasals; supralabials rectangular, 10/10; preorbital scales 16/17; eyes relatively large, pupils vertical; eyelid fringe scales 59/60; outer surface of upper eyelid composed of granular scales of about same size of those on top of head; external auditory meatus circular, tympanum deeply recessed; mental triangular, bordered laterally by first infralabial and posteriorly by three postmentals; infralabials rectangular, 10/10; gular scales juxtaposed uniform granular, abruptly into flat juxtaposed pectoral scales, and grading posteriorly imbricated larger ventral scales. Tongue with a small notch at tip. Crowns of teeth expanded, occlusal margins bearing multiple ridges.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Dorsal surface of neck and body covered with uniform granular scales, interspersed with densely sharply pointed conical tubercles; scales around midbody 125; longitudinal rows of dorsal tubercles at midbody 16; vertebral row of scales indistinct; paravertebral tubercles between limb insertions 25; dorsal body tubercles surrounded by 9-10 granular scales; dorsal scales grading ventrally into larger flattened imbricate ventral scales; ten precloacal pores in a transverse series; postcloacal region greatly swollen, covered with imbricate flattened scales, containing 2/2 postcloacal tubercles laterally at level of the vent.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Tail original, long and thin, thickest at base, bearing whorls anteriorly, gradually narrowing to the tip; composed of nine recognizable annuli anteriorly that are 8-9 scales wide, annuli fade abruptly posteriorly into flat juxtaposed scales; incorporating 2-8 sharply pointed conical tubercles in a transverse row, tubercles do not encircle the tail; ventral caudals larger and more nearly square than dorsal caudals.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Limbs relatively long and slender; dorsal surface covered with granular scales, densely interspersed with tubercles; ventral surface covered by flat scales, juxtaposed, subimbricate or imbricate; dorsal surface of pes and manus covered with granular scales, interspersed with several conical tubercles on top of pes, lacking tubercles on top of manus; hind limbs slightly larger than forelimbs; ventral surfaces of pes and manus covered with large granular scales; axillary pockets deep; subdigital lamellae wide, 10/10 on Finger I, 12/14 on Finger II, 15/16 on Finger III, 16/14 on Finger IV, 13/14 on Finger V, 12/12 on Toe I, 15/ 16 on Toe II, 20 / 19 on Toe III, 22 / 23 on Toe IV, and 18 / 20 on Toe V; fingers laterally compressed, relative finger lengths I&lt;V&lt;II&lt;IV&lt;III; toes laterally compressed, third toe nearly as long as the fourth toe, relative toe length I&lt;II&lt;V&lt;III&lt;IV; base of claws sheathed by four scales, two lateral scales of claw short, asymmetrical shell-shaped.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="137" type="coloration in life">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Coloration in life.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Dorsal ground color of head, neck, body, and limbs yellowish brown, mottled with irregularly shaped dark-brown blotches; nuchal loop complete and rounded posteriorly, anterior ends terminating at posterior margins of ear openings, edged dorsally and ventrally by wide dark-brown margin, yellow. Only two complete body bands can be recognized between nuchal loop and caudal constriction: first band located posterior to axilla; second band inserts onto dorsal surface of thigh, bands on limbs dirty yellow, lacking dark spots, edged by broad dark-brown borders anteriorly and posteriorly, other blotches incomplete, not forming a complete bands. Supralabials and infralabials grayish brown; pupils vertical and appear black; iris orange, gradually darkening on both sides; dorsal surface of limbs light grayish brown with dark brown and dirty yellow tubercles and dark spots and blotches; chin, throat, thorax, and ventral surfaces of body pink, tinged brownish, with dark-brown lateral spots; ventral surface of limbs pink, tinged brownish, without dark-brown spots; digits light grayish brown; ground color of original tail dark brown with nine immaculate white caudal bands completely encircling the tail, and a white tip. Body color becomes darker after capture.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="137" type="coloration in preservative">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Coloration in preservative.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Dorsal ground color of head, body, and limbs become darker; ventral surface faded to grayish white; all darker spots, blotches and bands on dorsal surface blurred.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="137" type="variation">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Variations.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
Measurements of type series specimens are shown in Table
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="T3" captionText="Table 3. Mensural (mm) and meristic diagnostic characters (minimum / maximum) of type series of Goniurosaurus gollum sp. nov. See Materials and methods for abbreviations. * holotype, paratype." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/3F998E0033610191974B8BEF94BD03FD" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" tableUuid="3F998E0033610191974B8BEF94BD03FD">3</tableCitation>
. Two paratypes have same approximate measurements as holotype, but have significant variations in coloration. Male paratype (SYS r002421, Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Type series of Goniurosaurus gollum sp. nov. A holotype, male, SYS r 002420 B paratype, male, SYS r 002421 C paratype, female, SYS r 002421; (1) dorsal view; (2) dorsal view of head; (3) ventral view of head; (4) close-up of the precloacal region, the Arabic number refer to the number of precloacal pores. Photographs by Shuo Qi." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.991.54935.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474307" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">3B</figureCitation>
) has four body bands, the second band extending a three forked branch connecting with third band. Female paratype (SYS r002422, Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Type series of Goniurosaurus gollum sp. nov. A holotype, male, SYS r 002420 B paratype, male, SYS r 002421 C paratype, female, SYS r 002421; (1) dorsal view; (2) dorsal view of head; (3) ventral view of head; (4) close-up of the precloacal region, the Arabic number refer to the number of precloacal pores. Photographs by Shuo Qi." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.991.54935.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474307" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">3C</figureCitation>
) has three complete body bands, second band extending a branch forward to middle of body, original tail has ten immaculate white caudal bands completely encircling tail, and dark-brown tip.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Table-UUID="3F998E0033610191974B8BEF94BD03FD" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/3F998E0033610191974B8BEF94BD03FD" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" start="Table 3" startId="T3">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Table 3.</emphasis>
Mensural (mm) and meristic diagnostic characters (minimum/maximum) of type series of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Qi, Wang, Grismer, Lyu &amp; Wang" authorityYear="2020" class="Reptilia" family="Eublepharidae" genus="Goniurosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Goniurosaurus gollum" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gollum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Goniurosaurus gollum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. See Materials and methods for abbreviations. * holotype, # paratype.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<table pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Morphological character</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">SYS r002420 *</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">SYS r002421 #</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">SYS r002422 #</th>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Sex</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">male</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">male</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">female</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">SVL</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">93.4</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">93.3</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">91.0</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">TaL</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">83.5</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Regenerated</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">76.0</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">HL</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">24.2</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">24.0</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">23.3</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">HW</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">16.2</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">15.3</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">14.8</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">SE</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">9.3</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">9.3</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">9.1</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">EE</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">9.3</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">9.4</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">8.6</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">SPL</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">10/10</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">10/10</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">10/10</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">IFL</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">10/10</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">10/10</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">10/10</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">N</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">8/9</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">9/8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">8/9</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">IN</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">1</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">1</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">1</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">PostIN</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">2</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">2</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">2</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">PM</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">2</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">3</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">3</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">GP</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">7</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">8</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">CIL</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">59/60</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">59/61</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">63/63</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">PO</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">16/17</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">15/15</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">16/17</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">GST</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">9-10</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">9-10</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">9-11</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">PTL</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">25</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">26</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">25</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">DTR</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">16</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">16</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">17</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">MB</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">125</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">121</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">128</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">PP</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">10</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">11</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">PAT</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">2</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">2</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">2</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="137" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
The specific epithet &quot;
<taxonomicName authorityName="Qi, Wang, Grismer, Lyu &amp; Wang" authorityYear="2020" class="Reptilia" family="Eublepharidae" genus="Goniurosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="gollum" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gollum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">gollum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
&quot; is named after the fictional character, Gollum, from J.R.R.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tolkien’s">Tolkien's</normalizedToken>
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">The Lord of the Rings</emphasis>
book series. This new species and Gollum have similar cave-dwelling habit and emaciated body. We suggest the common name as &quot;Gollum Leopard Gecko&quot;, and according to the type locality, we suggest the Chinese formal name as &quot;guǎng
<normalizedToken originalValue="dōng">dōng</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="jiǎn">jiǎn</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="hǔ”">hǔ&quot;</normalizedToken>
(广东睑虎).
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Table-UUID="9FA1C57822C2565111774D14D7A4456C" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/9FA1C57822C2565111774D14D7A4456C" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" start="Table 4" startId="T4">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Table 4.</emphasis>
Diagnostic characters distinguishing
<taxonomicName authorityName="Qi, Wang, Grismer, Lyu &amp; Wang" authorityYear="2020" class="Reptilia" family="Eublepharidae" genus="Goniurosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Goniurosaurus gollum" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gollum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Goniurosaurus gollum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. from all other known species of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Barbour" authorityYear="1908" class="Reptilia" family="Eublepharidae" genus="Goniurosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Goniurosaurus" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Goniurosaurus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Data come from
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,
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.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<table pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Character</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. kuroiwae" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rank="species" species="kuroiwae">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">G. kuroiwae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group
</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. lichtenfelderi" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rank="species" species="lichtenfelderi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">G. lichtenfelderi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group
</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. luii" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rank="species" species="luii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">G. luii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group
</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="4" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. yingdeensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rank="species" species="yingdeensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">G. yingdeensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group (4 species)
</emphasis>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">(5 spp.)</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">(5 spp.)</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">(7 spp.)</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Qi, Wang, Grismer, Lyu &amp; Wang" authorityYear="2020" class="Reptilia" family="Eublepharidae" genus="Goniurosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Goniurosaurus gollum" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gollum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Goniurosaurus gollum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov.
</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. varius" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rank="species" species="varius">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">G. varius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. yingdeensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rank="species" species="yingdeensis">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">G. yingdeensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. zhelongi" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rank="species" species="zhelongi">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">G. zhelongi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Scales of upper eyelid one-half the size of scales on the top of head or equal in size</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Equal</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Equal</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Equal or 1/2</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Equal</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Equal</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Equal</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Equal</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Enlarged row of supraorbital tubercles</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Absent or present</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Absent or present</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Absent or indistinct</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Absent or indistinct</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Eyelid fringe scales</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">&lt;52</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">43-77</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">41-67</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">59-63</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">50-56</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">46-64</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">42-53</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">No. of paravertebral tubercles</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Unknown</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">23-36</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">27-38</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">25-26</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">27-29</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">22-33</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">28-33</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Dorsal tubercle rows at midbody</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Unknown</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">19-22</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">20-25</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">16-17</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">21-24</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">20-25</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">23-28</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Scales around midbody</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Unknown</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">95-140</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">112-147</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">121-128</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">101-110</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">101-116</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">99-109</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Nasal scales surrounding nares</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Unknown</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">8-9</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">5-9</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">7-8</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">7-9</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">7-11</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">6-8</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Internasals</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Unknown</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">1</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">0-3</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">1</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">1-2</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">1-3</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">1-2</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Tubercles between orbits</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Present or absent</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Present or absent</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Present or absent</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Present</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Present</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Claws sheathed by scales</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Present</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Present</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Present</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Present</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Present</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Present</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Lateral scales of claw sheaths</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Long, curved</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Long, curved</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Short, shell-shaped</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Short, shell-shaped</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Short, shell-shaped</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Short, shell-shaped</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">No. of precloacal pores in males</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">0</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">17-46</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">16-33</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">10-11</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">10</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">10-13</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">9-12</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Posterior shape of nuchal loop</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Rounded</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Protracted or rounded</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Protracted</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Rounded</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Rounded</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Rounded</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Rounded</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">No. of body bands between nuchal loop and the caudal constriction</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">3 or 4</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">3 or 4</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">3, 4 or 5</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">2,3 or 4</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">4</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">4</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">4</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Dark spotting in body bands</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Present or absent</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Present or absent</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Present or absent</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Present or absent</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Lateral spotting on belly present or absent</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Present or absent</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Present</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Present</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Present</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" rowspan="1">Present</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="137" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Distribution and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
Currently,
<taxonomicName authorityName="Qi, Wang, Grismer, Lyu &amp; Wang" authorityYear="2020" class="Reptilia" family="Eublepharidae" genus="Goniurosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Goniurosaurus gollum" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gollum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Goniurosaurus gollum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. is known only from Huaiji County, Guangdong Province, China. All individuals were found within a barren limestone cave approximately 50 m from the cave entrance at night after 2130 hrs (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. The holotype of Goniurosaurus gollum sp. nov. (SYS r 002420) at its habitat: a barren limestone cave of Guangdong, China. Photograph by Shuo Qi." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.991.54935.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474309" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">5</figureCitation>
). The surface of the cave is covered with bat (unidentified) and bird (
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Latham" baseAuthorityYear="1802" class="Aves" family="Apodidae" genus="Apus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Apus pacificus" order="Apodiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pacificus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Apus pacificus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) droppings. Stalactites are suspended from the roof and there is no vegetation.
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Schneider" baseAuthorityYear="1799" class="Amphibia" family="Bufonidae" genus="Duttaphrynus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Duttaphrynus melanostictus" order="Anura" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="melanostictus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Duttaphrynus melanostictus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was observed in the same area.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.991.54935.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/474309" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="137">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Figure 5.</emphasis>
The holotype of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Qi, Wang, Grismer, Lyu &amp; Wang" authorityYear="2020" class="Reptilia" family="Eublepharidae" genus="Goniurosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Goniurosaurus gollum" order="Squamata" pageId="0" pageNumber="137" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="gollum">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="137">Goniurosaurus gollum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (SYS r002420) at its habitat: a barren limestone cave of Guangdong, China. Photograph by Shuo Qi.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

165
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<mods:title>Synopsis of the pelidnotine scarabs (Coleoptera, Scarabaeidae, Rutelinae, Rutelini) and annotated catalog of the species and subspecies</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Moore, Matthew R.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of Florida Building 1881 Natural Drive Area, Steinmetz Hall, Box 110620, Gainesville, FL 32611 - 0620, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Jameson, Mary L.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Biological Sciences, Wichita State University 1845 Fairmount, Box 26, Wichita, KS 67260 - 0026, USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">maryliz.jameson@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:namePart>Garner, Beulah H.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Natural History Museum, Insects Division, Department of Life Sciences, Cromwell Road, London SW 7 5 BD, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Audibert, Cedric</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Musee des Confluences, Centre de Conservation et d'Etude des Collections, 13 A Rue Bancel, F- 69007 Lyon, France</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Smith, Andrew B. T.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Research Division, Canadian Museum of Nature, P. O. Box 3443, Station D, Ottawa, Ontario, K 1 P 6 P 4, Canada</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182231007" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8D07A8E49E4F5C1E90EF9D68767042E1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8D07A8E49E4F5C1E90EF9D68767042E1" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName LSID="8D07A8E4-9E4F-5C1E-90EF-9D68767042E1" authority="(Moron, 1990)" baseAuthorityName="Moron" baseAuthorityYear="1990" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Chrysina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysina centralis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="centralis">
Chrysina centralis (
<normalizedToken originalValue="Morón">Moron</normalizedToken>
, 1990)
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Morón" authorityYear="1990" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Plusiotis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plusiotis centralis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="centralis">Plusiotis centralis</taxonomicName>
<bibRefCitation author="Moron, MA" journalOrPublisher="Sciences Nat, Venette" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B233" refString="Moron, MA, 1990. The Beetles of the World. Volume 10: Rutelini 1. Sciences Nat, Venette" title="The Beetles of the World. Volume 10: Rutelini 1." year="1990">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Morón">Moron</normalizedToken>
1990
</bibRefCitation>
: 20 [original combination].
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Moron" baseAuthorityYear="1990" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Chrysina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysina centralis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="centralis">Chrysina centralis</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Moron, MA" journalOrPublisher="Sciences Nat, Venette" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B233" refString="Moron, MA, 1990. The Beetles of the World. Volume 10: Rutelini 1. Sciences Nat, Venette" title="The Beetles of the World. Volume 10: Rutelini 1." year="1990">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Morón">Moron</normalizedToken>
1990
</bibRefCitation>
) [new combination by
<bibRefCitation author="Hawks, DC" journalOrPublisher="Occasional Papers of the Consortium Coleopterorum" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 8" refId="B116" refString="Hawks, DC, 2001. Taxonomic and nomenclatural changes in Chrysina and synonymic checklist of species (Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae). Occasional Papers of the Consortium Coleopterorum 4: 1 - 8" title="Taxonomic and nomenclatural changes in Chrysina and synonymic checklist of species (Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae)." volume="4" year="2001">Hawks 2001</bibRefCitation>
: 7].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
GUATEMALA: Quetzaltenango, San Marcos (
<bibRefCitation author="Moron, MA" journalOrPublisher="Sciences Nat, Venette" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B233" refString="Moron, MA, 1990. The Beetles of the World. Volume 10: Rutelini 1. Sciences Nat, Venette" title="The Beetles of the World. Volume 10: Rutelini 1." year="1990">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Morón">Moron</normalizedToken>
1990
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Moron, MA" journalOrPublisher="Giornale Italiano di Entomologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="309 - 323" refId="B234" refString="Moron, MA, 1991. Estudio biogeografico-ecologico preliminar del genero Plusiotis Burmeister (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae, Rutelinae). Giornale Italiano di Entomologia 5: 309 - 323" title="Estudio biogeografico-ecologico preliminar del genero Plusiotis Burmeister (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae, Rutelinae)." volume="5" year="1991">1991</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Blackaller-Bages, J" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of the New York Entomological Society" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="79 - 85" refId="B12" refString="Blackaller-Bages, J, Delgado, L, 1994. Plusiotis citlaltepetlamayatli, a new species of the lecontei group from Mexico (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae; Rutelinae). The Journal of the New York Entomological Society 102: 79 - 85" title="Plusiotis citlaltepetlamayatli, a new species of the lecontei group from Mexico (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae; Rutelinae)." volume="102" year="1994">Blackaller-Bages and Delgado 1994</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Krajcik, M" journalOrPublisher="Berliner Entomologische Zeitschrift" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B155" refString="Krajcik, M, 2008. Animma. X. Supplement 4. Checklist of the Scarabaeoidea of the World. 2. Rutelinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae). Second Edition. Plzen, 142 pp." title="Animma. X. Supplement 4. Checklist of the Scarabaeoidea of the World. 2. Rutelinae (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Rutelinae). Second Edition. Plzen, 142 pp." year="2008">Krajcik 2008</bibRefCitation>
, Thomas et al. 2010,
<bibRefCitation author="Monzon, J" journalOrPublisher="Insecta Mundi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="1 - 12" refId="B221" refString="Monzon, J, 2010. Three new species of Chrysina Kirby (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae; Rutelinae) from Guatemala and Mexico. Insecta Mundi 143: 1 - 12" title="Three new species of Chrysina Kirby (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae; Rutelinae) from Guatemala and Mexico." volume="143" year="2010">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Monzón">Monzon</normalizedToken>
2010
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Moron, MA" journalOrPublisher=")" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="6 - 27" refId="B245" refString="Moron, MA, Nogueira, G, 2016. Revision del grupo de especies &quot; lecontei &quot; de Plusiotis (s. str.) (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae: Rutelinae). Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa (S. E. A.) 58: 6 - 27" title="Revision del grupo de especies &quot; lecontei &quot; de Plusiotis (s. str.) (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae: Rutelinae). Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa (S. E. A." volume="58" year="2016">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Morón">Moron</normalizedToken>
and Nogueira 2016
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="types">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Types.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
1 ♂ holotype at MXAL (
<bibRefCitation author="Moron, MA" journalOrPublisher="Sciences Nat, Venette" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" refId="B233" refString="Moron, MA, 1990. The Beetles of the World. Volume 10: Rutelini 1. Sciences Nat, Venette" title="The Beetles of the World. Volume 10: Rutelini 1." year="1990">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Morón">Moron</normalizedToken>
1990
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<bibRefCitation author="Moron, MA" journalOrPublisher=")" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" pagination="6 - 27" refId="B245" refString="Moron, MA, Nogueira, G, 2016. Revision del grupo de especies &quot; lecontei &quot; de Plusiotis (s. str.) (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae: Rutelinae). Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa (S. E. A.) 58: 6 - 27" title="Revision del grupo de especies &quot; lecontei &quot; de Plusiotis (s. str.) (Coleoptera: Melolonthidae: Rutelinae). Boletin de la Sociedad Entomologica Aragonesa (S. E. A." volume="58" year="2016">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Morón">Moron</normalizedToken>
and Nogueira (2016)
</bibRefCitation>
considered the valid name for this species to be
<taxonomicName authorityName="Morón" authorityYear="1990" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Plusiotis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plusiotis centralis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="centralis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Plusiotis centralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Lacking a clearly articulated and evidence-based rationale for this nomenclatural change, we use the name
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Moron" baseAuthorityYear="1990" class="Insecta" family="Scarabaeidae" genus="Chrysina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Chrysina centralis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="centralis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Chrysina centralis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>