This commit is contained in:
maintenance 2024-06-21 12:44:52 +02:00
parent 369e7787be
commit a0ddd61b22
1452 changed files with 314388 additions and 0 deletions

View file

@ -0,0 +1,209 @@
<document id="0BCE6E010517B5D5DA54A34792AF60F1" ID-CLB-Dataset="33774" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.546.6533" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c8e8d278-1553-41ee-bc27-76f9e8f99bde" ID-PMC="PMC4714351" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-546-153" ID-PubMed="26798310" ID-ZooBank="599417683D164726B31E3D3AB729EDC8" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1313-2970-546-153" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 546" ModsDocTitle="Description and phylogeny of three new species of Synophis (Colubridae, Dipsadinae) from the tropical Andes in Ecuador and Peru" checkinTime="1451243610907" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Torres-Carvajal, Omar, Echevarria, Lourdes Y., Venegas, Pablo J., German Chavez, &amp; Camper, Jeffrey D." docDate="2015" docId="97B36E06E24F415C3D6669199D04F0FD" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 546: 153-179" docOrigin="ZooKeys 546" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.546.6533" docTitle="Synophis insulomontanus Torres-Carvajal, Echevarria, Venegas, Chavez &amp; Camper, 2015, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="0CDDA542-89E8-4DC8-B9A9-B39DF707F804" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="168" masterDocId="1059FFFFFFD3606BFFDDE50DFFBEFF85" masterDocTitle="Description and phylogeny of three new species of Synophis (Colubridae, Dipsadinae) from the tropical Andes in Ecuador and Peru" masterLastPageNumber="179" masterPageNumber="153" pageNumber="164" updateTime="1701373186336" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="9A2FCCB9B1B7B864FDFEDDC98EA28790" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="8F9CB0C494B41400C2CA3ABF54A1BE0E">
<mods:title id="A9AAA3A0C5D0AB9E14BF7566D53E8B57">Description and phylogeny of three new species of Synophis (Colubridae, Dipsadinae) from the tropical Andes in Ecuador and Peru</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="AF3E22E2C261C3927E9DC7F2E4A8AF0D" type="personal">
<mods:role id="7CEFD4A56D31ADC4FB83CA769426CE65">
<mods:roleTerm id="0EE6EEDD1B22E71DC4953D8B559DB93F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="2E565E7FE082747A1CBC9D72B240C2B1">Torres-Carvajal, Omar</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="7AE908D63FEDBEAFBE90EB1E9A0D84E4" type="personal">
<mods:role id="79C8B999CEE2BF93558694EDB8C1DE31">
<mods:roleTerm id="2D005095FF87EC2399002CE14C67F3C4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="777989F0022EEA2934D9A6ABB0BD8C52">Echevarria, Lourdes Y.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="3AC44C6E9CA2CA0CA8802BE632022394" type="personal">
<mods:role id="AD6AC131E8422F9AAACD313AC0EAAD94">
<mods:roleTerm id="E18398DD237B8F046E0A5B5AD0D91F0A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D4C9CA1D2628656254F7EF1000927649">Venegas, Pablo J.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="AC65C5F093E01E5A46B5FBC02CFF2E88" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F02596379A3F2AE3D4D52C2934C5BD79">
<mods:roleTerm id="B1E99B72E4B1A729D4102D3602C1F97B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="8F6CA6A97251D00CDD4FE7336CAE0CEB">German Chavez,</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="65B1FCD925D572D06A0F59BD127DE94D" type="personal">
<mods:role id="5EC8697B3AA673E0E44EC732B22E0353">
<mods:roleTerm id="BBA8E5F5459E83CE0F87008553327F08">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="5D4E84020AFF1BE8A5670EB1439DD99D">Camper, Jeffrey D.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="9975396C3EA7E608DE462B3B20BC8C96">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="5879E39F3691C586E295F5710BC61C64" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="D34A59F3B324D167CFB8165EBACB82A6">
<mods:title id="8983ADB623E9B22B100F11A04D13EA8D">ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="30FFC74A3AA0FFE64322D596A98B443A">
<mods:date id="718C67F031CE6F74D82AB994B4F549FD">2015</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="38883802E73DD7FFCA75FD10DD0030D1" type="volume">
<mods:number id="5198F1C1CE0F5C26A45887034C74637E">546</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="BABAE8FFC7554C780AB198DC9C17563B" unit="page">
<mods:start id="DB6128302349AB14982F64CDFAFDB6BF">153</mods:start>
<mods:end id="5F661BC868A3929FBCDAFB539868FB0E">179</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="F7F74CE202A324E5AB92D03A90609781">
<mods:url id="ADC8FC93A1D00FD91C872B7DBBB1F2C3">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.546.6533</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="C13D896EEE7829BED0E036C88AFF84DD">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="4E496917277C1FAB5101FC7C84026C70" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.546.6533</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="0B3627ED6AF8B3D1544299760F3A2BBC" type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-546-153</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="82995123B1BC93119DF516FD039B2D2C" type="ZooBank">599417683D164726B31E3D3AB729EDC8</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="97B36E06E24F415C3D6669199D04F0FD" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127896626" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:0CDDA542-89E8-4DC8-B9A9-B39DF707F804" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/97B36E06E24F415C3D6669199D04F0FD" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="168" pageId="11" pageNumber="164">
<subSubSection id="80970B06DEE5E229F7C68E4F95B3A8EA" pageId="11" pageNumber="164" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="18B536618F3D7F3991B7B7FB4842172D" pageId="11" pageNumber="164">Taxon classification Animalia Squamata Colubridae</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="480208F4F48956DC02D253D62BAFD6EE" pageId="11" pageNumber="164" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="2C732EE7DB6D543A5B9EC191BD4843EC" pageId="11" pageNumber="164">
<taxonomicName id="88AB365B92E56100EB89B2CFD9855923" ID-CoL="897LL" LSID="http://zoobank.org/0CDDA542-89E8-4DC8-B9A9-B39DF707F804" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Synophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synophis insulomontanus" pageId="11" pageNumber="164" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insulomontanus">Synophis insulomontanus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6C62EAB285B672D8AEAA75F6AC1747AF" pageId="11" pageNumber="164">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7464D6A5BF6589E76F252204C8B5D831" pageId="11" pageNumber="164" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="29D2B578A1EDB4F27BBCE2B895B7EC10" pageId="11" pageNumber="164">
<taxonomicName id="344FD002664ED911DB3E3CC03AA39A8B" LSID="http://zoobank.org/0CDDA542-89E8-4DC8-B9A9-B39DF707F804" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Synophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synophis insulomontanus" pageId="11" pageNumber="164" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insulomontanus">Synophis insulomontanus</taxonomicName>
Proposed standard English name: Mountain fishing snakes
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B0DF3B454CB9C3C24C9F4129CD3FF2A9" pageId="11" pageNumber="164">
<taxonomicName id="0DDD03182C48E9F57EF999D57A897B98" LSID="http://zoobank.org/0CDDA542-89E8-4DC8-B9A9-B39DF707F804" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Synophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synophis insulomontanus" pageId="11" pageNumber="164" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insulomontanus">Synophis insulomontanus</taxonomicName>
Proposed standard Spanish name: Serpientes pescadoras monteses
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="795C4B22FF1C88C06C9F642F06705C00" pageId="11" pageNumber="164" type="holotype">
<paragraph id="4F5E4883F01DE84C1670F0FCAB7C1D63" pageId="11" pageNumber="164">Holotype.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1EDEA65147FD93F211BBAD1AA3FC37FE" pageId="11" pageNumber="164">
Peru: Departamento
<normalizedToken id="1EDBF174D0CF056AEA78156F592818D4" originalValue="Huánuco">Huanuco</normalizedToken>
: Provincia Puerto Inca: Distrito Llullapichis: CORBIDI 13940 (Figs 10, 11), adult male from Campamento Peligroso-Reserva Comunal El Sira (
<geoCoordinate id="6DDCB86675888ACB2E67AA1DAB5BDE0A" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-9.426172">9°25'34.22&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="97AA2ED84BF82C16685E31E2C18E9952" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-74.73516">74°44'6.60&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 1507 m), collected on 1 December 2013 by G. Chavez.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E9B9E7432A8B68EE631B41AE702624BC" pageId="11" pageNumber="164">
<paragraph id="1EAF8AA947678188282F879361D516EA" pageId="11" pageNumber="164">
Figure 10. Holotype (CORBIDI 13940, adult male, SVL = 335.3 mm) of
<taxonomicName id="D160428EA73E9E9DECCF326DB71662B2" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Synophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synophis insulomontanus" pageId="11" pageNumber="164" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insulomontanus">Synophis insulomontanus</taxonomicName>
sp. n. in dorsal (left) and ventral (right) views. Photographs by Juan C.
<normalizedToken id="2FE7B210CB2339E74077BE9E2ECEC1AF" originalValue="Chávez-Arribasplata">Chavez-Arribasplata</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="907780FB51E02D99416F4E2B6A756254" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="165" pageId="11" pageNumber="164" type="paratypes">
<paragraph id="679D20821914D63A6A399D7A8515C400" pageId="11" pageNumber="164">Paratypes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="553D233B29BDA319F7E3D130E433E8AE" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="165" pageId="11" pageNumber="164">
Peru: Departamento San
<normalizedToken id="C266C99C8C8AB3FA211150581151DE89" originalValue="Martín">Martin</normalizedToken>
: Provincia Picota: Distrito Shaboyacu: CORBIDI 9223 adult female from Parque Nacional Cordillera Azul, Puesto de Control 16 (Chambirillo) (
<geoCoordinate id="20220D3C7A0BF6FF17FE8AC6012E46E4" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-7.069139">7°4'8.90&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1F6051BBBA3A8C9C23552AEC02DC5386" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-76.015335">76°0'55.20&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 1122 m), collected on 8 May 2011 by P. J. Venegas and V. Duran and CORBIDI 10418, from same locality, collected on 20 February 2012 by V. Duran. Departamento
<normalizedToken id="3665F5B580BE7414F9E0ED2AECD89CAB" originalValue="Huánuco">Huanuco</normalizedToken>
: Provincia
<normalizedToken id="72C8E217F0CA5C3F846DBEE15913BF58" originalValue="Huánuco">Huanuco</normalizedToken>
: Distrito Chinchao: CORBIDI 13705 adult male from Miraflores
<pageBreakToken id="B368CD34389FE02E295D65C9F200F62F" pageId="12" pageNumber="165" start="start">(</pageBreakToken>
<geoCoordinate id="871AA95D7DE667AADE721034A1F8FF1C" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-9.677945">9°40'40.60&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="AB3DC2206D2DF8A5994C21A84C69E3BA" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-75.83642">75°50'11.09&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
, 1798 m), collected 8 December 2013 by V. Duran and L. Lujan.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9E3ABB06B480323694B7C005335A12BF" pageId="12" pageNumber="165" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="2F683ECC35CEC9049CE625A95B0D7FFB" pageId="12" pageNumber="165">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DB7A589DED58F9F65456E523EC209EB1" pageId="12" pageNumber="165">
<taxonomicName id="FB30CBF0322676DFF4B7DB93457514C2" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Synophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synophis insulomontanus" pageId="12" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insulomontanus">Synophis insulomontanus</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from other species of
<taxonomicName id="2D31F148299B79E09727DDE4BAC416F7" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Synophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synophis" pageId="12" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Synophis</taxonomicName>
by having a semicapitate, bilobed hemipenis with a large lateral spine at the base of the hemipenial body, and the sulcus spermaticus bifurcating on the center of the hemipenial body (Fig. 12); 19 longitudinal rows of dorsals at midbody; strongly keeled dorsals except for first row, which is keeled to a lesser extent; 151-152 ventrals in males, 147-149 in females; 108-109 subcaudals in males, 103 in females. Scutellational characters of all recognized species of
<taxonomicName id="C58D6FEEFB35E2E0FFAE2BEAB9E33DB5" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Synophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synophis" pageId="12" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Synophis</taxonomicName>
are presented in Table 3.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="68D82753AE176E591A52A1EA15616243" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="166" pageId="12" pageNumber="165" type="description of the holotype">
<paragraph id="59EE55695250C3A6EE17EEA5945C422C" pageId="12" pageNumber="165">Description of the holotype.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E74BB49758534D996BA1EE05A9FDAB72" pageId="12" pageNumber="165">Adult male (Figs 5, 10, 11), SVL 335.3 mm; tail length 180.9 mm; eye diameter 1.46 mm; pupil round; head width 6.7 mm at level of supralabial 6; head length 11.07 mm from snout to posterior margin of jaw; width at midbody 6.48 mm; head distinct from neck.</paragraph>
<caption id="E34BA0E89EAE3281916AD77E2FDC6C99" pageId="12" pageNumber="165">
<paragraph id="F5C56A27C1D7A68D8D48488730306541" pageId="12" pageNumber="165">
Figure 11. Head of holotype of
<taxonomicName id="A85D5F822E7E4E351780851629835109" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Synophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synophis insulomontanus" pageId="12" pageNumber="165" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insulomontanus">Synophis insulomontanus</taxonomicName>
sp. n. (CORBIDI 13940) in dorsal (top), lateral (middle) and ventral (bottom) views. Photographs by
<normalizedToken id="6C92FA7C38DC754DF5527E4BE973DE78" originalValue="Germán">German</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="6D1BC98156271C3F70AAB27243F9DFF3" originalValue="Chávez">Chavez</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="2D9665BAF185A3A999A973BE2371BF43" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="166" pageId="12" pageNumber="165">
Prefrontals fused in a roughly pentagonal scale, wider than long; frontal single, pentagonal, posterior suture angular with apex directed posteriorly, wider than long; parietals large, paired, longer than wide; loreal trapezoidal, almost two times longer than high; preocular single, bordering anterior margin of orbit; supraocular single, bordering dorsal margin of orbit; temporals 1+3+3; anterior temporal more than two times longer than high; posterior temporals two times longer than high, approximately one half the length of anterior temporal; internasals in contact medially, wider than long; nasals not in contact; rostral visible from above, concave, nearly two times wider than long, in contact with first supralabials, nasals, and internasals; mental triangular, in contact with first pair of infralabials; infralabials 11/11; supralabials 8/8 (fourth and fifth entering orbit on both sides); anterior genials three times longer than wide, bordered laterally by infralabials 1-6 on both sides; posterior genials two times longer than wide, separated by gulars, and bordered laterally by infralabials 6-7 on both sides;
<pageBreakToken id="0DBD1F72C786E743BB4F9624365D6B96" pageId="13" pageNumber="166" start="start">dorsal</pageBreakToken>
scale rows 20-19-19, first dorsal row moderately keeled from ventral 7, other rows strongly keeled; anal single; ventrals 151; subcaudals 108, paired.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="418B75B77B13A726F65BDFDD45C26EE0" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="167" pageId="13" pageNumber="166" type="hemipenial morphology">
<paragraph id="DC112BA47C87953422F75556A6317678" pageId="13" pageNumber="166">Hemipenial morphology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E7749FCA0EA6CA17968A558892A7E383" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="167" pageId="13" pageNumber="166">
The following description is based on the left hemipenis of the holotype (Fig. 12; CORBIDI 13940). The fully everted and maximally
<pageBreakToken id="03DA3B7C7586253FC575121580E2A779" pageId="14" pageNumber="167" start="start">expanded</pageBreakToken>
organ is bilobed, semicalyculate, semicapitate, and extends to the fifth subcaudal. Capitular grooves are present on the asulcate side; capitula are ornamented with calcified papillae, remarkably larger on the asulcate side. A few papillae meet on the asulcate side of the lobular crotch. The sulcus spermaticus bifurcates on the center of the hemipenial body and its branches extend centrolineally to the tip of each lobe. Papillae are relatively small on the sulcate side of the hemipenial body between the bifurcating branches of the sulcus spermaticus. The hemipenial body is ornamented with large calcified spines, except on the medial region of the asulcate side and near the sulcus spermaticus, where the spines are very small. One spine on the left side (sulcate view) is considerably longer than the others. Very small spines cover the base of the hemipenial body.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DB2C74FEF391FB20001A84D972458155" pageId="14" pageNumber="167">
<paragraph id="46A809AD419206A3C83C27E98E5A307D" pageId="14" pageNumber="167">
Figure 12. Left hemipenis of
<taxonomicName id="434E55236EDED2C27BB0F51093DC7262" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Synophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synophis insulomontanus" pageId="14" pageNumber="167" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insulomontanus">Synophis insulomontanus</taxonomicName>
sp. n. (CORBIDI 13940, holotype) in sulcal (left), asulcal (center), and lateral (right) views. Scale bar = 1 mm. Photographs by
<normalizedToken id="74030973F9E28CD4C0DC6C42CBA1C0C0" originalValue="Germán">German</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken id="5206CC148E557E598CB083B1EB5202AC" originalValue="Chávez">Chavez</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="9A331D883725DDCAD35A4FE33EC51EF3" pageId="14" pageNumber="167" type="color in life of the holotype">
<paragraph id="B52196DC6B2C7C5314D0B3F3D6DFD2A7" pageId="14" pageNumber="167">Color in life of the holotype</paragraph>
<paragraph id="28BADFFD1DD1A8FB2D580B8FF5B41E6A" pageId="14" pageNumber="167">(Fig. 5). Dorsal surface of head, body and tail uniformly dark grey; skin among scales on flanks cream, visible on anterior half of body; first five ventrals cream, becoming progressively pigmented with grey, except on their posterior margin where cream pigmentation is always present; anal plate grey with cream posterior border; subcaudals grey, with the porsterior borders weakly pigmented with cream in some scales; sides of head and 1st supralabial same tone of grey as dorsal surface, other supralabials mostly cream; first three infralabials mostly grey, others mostly cream; scales on throat with a pale blue tone.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="59753AA23318DAE854485ADE81E2AF16" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="168" pageId="14" pageNumber="167" type="variation">
<paragraph id="2193B735ACC94675211E16AC4CD7AE81" pageId="14" pageNumber="167">Variation.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="502FA7951F307C7474D213830C830AC2" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="168" pageId="14" pageNumber="167">
Intraspecific variation in scale counts and measurements in
<taxonomicName id="3C147BC522FD9EA29D7EA934609B4517" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Synophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synophis insulomontanus" pageId="14" pageNumber="167" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insulomontanus">Synophis insulomontanus</taxonomicName>
is presented in Table 3. Two or three scales can be present on second row of temporals, three in the holotype and CORBIDI 9223, and two in CORBIDI 10418 and CORBIDI 13705. Paratype CORBIDI 10418 has 21 dorsals at midbody. No major differences were found between the hemipenis of the holotype and that of paratype CORBIDI 13705, except that the latter has more papillae between the bifurcating branches of the sulcus spermaticus on the sulcate side of the hemipenial body.
<pageBreakToken id="524598BB6863B10CA90FBA058DE2DA09" pageId="15" pageNumber="168" start="start">Specimen</pageBreakToken>
CORBIDI 10418 has a dense cream pigmentation on ventrals from anterior end of body to midbody.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1FD934CAB1635B825F4F5C7838E0F6D7" pageId="15" pageNumber="168" type="distribution and natural history">
<paragraph id="165983D83328272DAEB6A9EB922B539E" pageId="15" pageNumber="168">Distribution and natural history.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E34128AE79E9226EA93267B4910CE3BB" pageId="15" pageNumber="168">
<taxonomicName id="EEF927C7255F9182AC8FB7F0439A11FA" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Synophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synophis insulomontanus" pageId="15" pageNumber="168" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insulomontanus">Synophis insulomontanus</taxonomicName>
is known to occur between 1122-1798 m on the Amazonian slopes of the Andes in northern and central Peru (Fig. 6). Two localities within Departamento
<normalizedToken id="59A35E59DAF6C7A489C59B484E6D53D0" originalValue="Huánuco">Huanuco</normalizedToken>
, Cordillera Azul and Cordillera El Sira, correspond to sub-Andean mountain ridges, whereas the locality of Miraflores lies on the Amazonian slopes next to the Huallaga River.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="50F474E5A1B8B7FF7842E5F1B142BEAA" pageId="15" pageNumber="168">
The holotype was found at night, coiling inside a bromeliad, 1 m above the ground in primary premontane forest. Other specimens were found active at night, moving through leaf litter. Specimens from Cordillera Azul (CORBIDI 9223 and 10418) were found in primary premontane forest, whereas specimen CORBIDI 13705 from Miraflores,
<normalizedToken id="C291CD1134A63F49684B6F3293EE44C0" originalValue="Huánuco">Huanuco</normalizedToken>
, was found in secondary montane forest.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5AEBDB7CB518DFFE9B4F0D31CD0F2F7B" pageId="15" pageNumber="168" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="E7A3A35EF51327E0FF9673F93C9D8530" pageId="15" pageNumber="168">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D04A94206643AEEA8173857F5DD3C69D" pageId="15" pageNumber="168">
The epithet
<taxonomicName id="0FC60A4188BE2618B9F79577F1C677B7" class="Squamata" family="Colubridae" genus="Synophis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Synophis insulomontanus" pageId="15" pageNumber="168" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="insulomontanus">insulomontanus</taxonomicName>
is a noun that derives from the Latin words insulo (= isolated) and montanus (= mountain). It refers to the isolated mountain ridges in Departamento
<normalizedToken id="1D0F2F8C66F34CFF752234B4491C2267" originalValue="Huánuco">Huanuco</normalizedToken>
, where the new species was discovered.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>