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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.601.8241" ID-GBIF-Dataset="ef5d68d5-cd2f-4e6a-ae27-60c3eb8a79bf" ID-PMC="PMC4978077" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-601-21" ID-PubMed="27551185" ID-ZBK="715397B7F4FE4BF9B55607B7636C2741" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1313-2970-601-21" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 601" ModsDocTitle="Cheiracanthiumilicis sp. n. (Araneae, Eutichuridae), a novel spider species associated with Holm Oaks (Quercusilex)" checkinTime="1467213802689" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Morano, Eduardo & Bonal, Raul" docDate="2016" docId="9725433A8198DEA89593D4D61D696F1E" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 601: 21-39" docOrigin="ZooKeys 601" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.601.8241" docTitle="Cheiracanthium ilicis Morano & Bonal, 2016, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="F86C27CA-700B-4906-B66E-B68D56693D6D" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="31" masterDocId="FFB1FFE6FFF0FF95393FE612CC7BFFBF" masterDocTitle="Cheiracanthiumilicis sp. n. (Araneae, Eutichuridae), a novel spider species associated with Holm Oaks (Quercusilex)" masterLastPageNumber="39" masterPageNumber="21" pageNumber="25" updateTime="1668163266603" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Cheiracanthiumilicis sp. n. (Araneae, Eutichuridae), a novel spider species associated with Holm Oaks (Quercusilex)</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
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||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Morano, Eduardo</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
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||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
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||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Bonal, Raul</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:part>
|
||||
<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number>601</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||||
<mods:start>21</mods:start>
|
||||
<mods:end>39</mods:end>
|
||||
</mods:extent>
|
||||
</mods:part>
|
||||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||||
<mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.601.8241</mods:url>
|
||||
</mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.601.8241</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-601-21</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="ZBK">715397B7F4FE4BF9B55607B7636C2741</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">715397B7F4FE4BF9B55607B7636C2741</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127889942" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:F86C27CA-700B-4906-B66E-B68D56693D6D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9725433A8198DEA89593D4D61D696F1E" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="25" type="multiple">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Taxon classification Animalia Araneae Eutichuridae</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="25" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="25">
|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/F86C27CA-700B-4906-B66E-B68D56693D6D" class="Arachnida" family="Cheiracanthiidae" genus="Cheiracanthium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheiracanthium ilicis" order="Araneae" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ilicis">Cheiracanthium ilicis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="4" pageNumber="25">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="25" type="holotype">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Holotype.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="25">
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The holotype is a male collected in Spain: Huecas (Toledo), 581 metres above sea level (
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="40.029915">40.029915°N</geoCoordinate>
|
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="-4.226789">4.226789°W</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
) by E. Morano et al. on 27 May 2013. The specimen is deposited in the collection of Arachnids of the Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales(CSIC), Madrid, Spain with the following reference MNCN 20.02/17491.
|
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</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="25" type="paratypes">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Paratypes.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="25">2 males and 3 females: same data as the holotype (males: MNCN 20.02/17494 and MNCN 20.02/17496; females: MNCN 20.02/17492; MNCN 20.02/17493 and MNCN 20.02/17495).</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="25" type="materials_examined">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Other specimens examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="25">
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Collected in the same village as the holotype but on a different date the following specimens have been studied and deposited in Eduardo
|
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Morano’s">Morano's</normalizedToken>
|
||||
personal collection: 30 Jan 2013, 6 imm (branches); 26 Feb 2013, 2 imm (branches); 21 Mar 2013, 15 imm (branches) and 1 imm (trunk); 26 Apr 2013, 8 imm (branches) and 3 imm (trunk); 27 May 2013, 4 ♀, 3 ♂, 1 imm (branches); 25 Jun 2013, 3 ♀ (branches) and 1 imm (grass); 19 Jul 2013, 1 ♀, 31 imm (branches) and 2 imm (grass); 23 Aug 2013, 14 imm (branches); 27 Sep 2013, 15 imm (branches) and 5 imm (trunk); 22 Oct 2013, 29 imm (branches) and 9 imm (trunk); 28 Nov 2013, 8 imm (branches) and 10 imm (trunk); 19 Dec 2013, 2 imm (branches).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="25">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="26" pageId="4" pageNumber="25">
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||||
Most of the individuals of this novel species were collected from Holm oaks
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus ilex" order="Fagales" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ilex">Quercus ilex</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The Latin name of this oak species (
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="ilex" pageId="4" pageNumber="25" rank="species" species="ilex">ilex</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) in its singular geni
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="26" start="start">tive</pageBreakToken>
|
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form (
|
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<taxonomicName lsidName="ilicis" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" rank="species" species="ilicis">ilicis</taxonomicName>
|
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) has been thus used to name this spider so as to link it to the main habitat it occupies.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="26" type="diagnosis">
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||||
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="26">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="26">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Cheiracanthiidae" genus="Cheiracanthium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheiracanthium ilicis" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ilicis">Cheiracanthium ilicis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. n. closely resembles
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Cheiracanthiidae" genus="Cheiracanthium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheiracanthium inclusum" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inclusum">Cheiracanthium inclusum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Cheiracanthiidae" genus="Cheiracanthium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheiracanthium mildei" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mildei">Cheiracanthium mildei</taxonomicName>
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||||
but can be distinguished by the structure and morphology of the copulatory organs of both sexes. The palps of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Cheiracanthiidae" genus="Cheiracanthium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheiracanthium ilicis" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ilicis">Cheiracanthium ilicis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. n. males have a characteristic bifurcated tegular apophysis (TA; Fig. 1). Females exhibit a wide central septum that separates the copulatory openings, which are laterally opened in both depressions, and a very characteristic loop in the copulatory duct (Fig. 2).
|
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="5" pageNumber="26">
|
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="26">
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Figure 1. Palp of
|
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Cheiracanthiidae" genus="Cheiracanthium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheiracanthium ilicis" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ilicis">Cheiracanthium ilicis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. In prolateral view (A), ventral (B) and retrolateral (C). Abbreviations: C (conductor); CS (cymbial spur); E (embolus); RTA (retrolateral tibial apophysis); TA (tegular apophysis).
|
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="5" pageNumber="26">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="26">
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Figure 2. Epigyne and vulva de
|
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Cheiracanthiidae" genus="Cheiracanthium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheiracanthium ilicis" order="Araneae" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ilicis">Cheiracanthium ilicis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. Epigyne ventral view (A) with the copulatory openings closed; epigyne in ventral view (B) and vulva, in dorsal view (C).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="5" pageNumber="26" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="26">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="26">Male (Holotype). All measurements are given in millimetres. Medium size. Total length: 9.4; dorsal shield lenght: 4.1; anterior dorsal shield width: 1.9; opisthosoma length: 5.0; opisthosoma width: 3.1. Eye diameter. AME: 0.150; ALE; 0.175, PME: 0.200, PLE: 0.225. Distance between eyes: AME - AME: 0.350, AME - ALE: 0.425, PME - PME: 0.225, PME - PLE: 0.275, AME - PME: 0.225, ALE - PLE: 0.05; height from clypeus to AME: 0.1; height from clypeus to ALE: 0.1.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="5" pageNumber="26">
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Prosoma. Yellowish, the ocular region is darker. The immatures show a homogeneous pale green colour, changing to yellow as they reach sexual maturity (see Pictures 2 and 3). The dorsal shield has an oval shape, is slightly raised in the ocular region and
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<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="27" start="start">has</pageBreakToken>
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a scarcely marked thoracic furrow. The eyes are of similar size and placed in two transversal rows of four eyes each: the posterior row is longer than the anterior one; the anterior row is straight and the posterior one slightly curved; the eyes in the middle of the anterior row are less distant from each other than from the lateral ones. In the posterior row the eyes are almost regularly spaced, in such a way that the distance between the two posterior medium eyes is smaller than with those in the anterior medium eyes. The lateral eyes are very close together. The clypeus is narrower than the diameter of the AME. The labium is elongated and with a blunt end; the maxillas elongated and laterally cleaved; both structures have a light brown-orange colour with the apical ends paler, whitish. The sternum is triangular and orangish. The chelicera are dark brown-orange with a small basal condyle on its external surface. The basal segment does not have any modification and has few teeth on its margins. The promargin has two teeth, the superior one being larger; the retromargin has a decreasing series of three teeth, the first one being larger than the rest. Visualising these teeth is difficult due to the dense brush of hairs that covers them.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="27">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="27">
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Picture 2.
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Cheiracanthiidae" genus="Cheiracanthium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheiracanthium ilicis" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ilicis">Cheiracanthium ilicis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. adult male.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<caption pageId="6" pageNumber="27">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="27">
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Picture 3.
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Cheiracanthiidae" genus="Cheiracanthium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheiracanthium ilicis" order="Araneae" pageId="6" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ilicis">Cheiracanthium ilicis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. immature
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="27">Legs. Yellowish and relatively long, ordered according to their length in the following way, 1:4:2:3. The trochanters show a marked external notch. The metatarsus and tarsus have scopulae on the distal portion and the latters have dense tarsal tufts.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="28" pageId="6" pageNumber="27">
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Spination (Table 1). The palp is completely spineless as are the leg patellas and tarsus. Usually, the specimens examined have shown two pairs of femoral lateral spines
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<pageBreakToken pageId="7" pageNumber="28" start="start">and</pageBreakToken>
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three pairs of lateral spines in the metatarsus III and IV. There is variability, for instance, in the tibia I, which can bear from nine to 11 ventral spines.
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</paragraph>
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<caption ID-Table-UUID="34A9E4B71029E2F38DE1D7F0CE582FF9" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/34A9E4B71029E2F38DE1D7F0CE582FF9" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
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Table 1. Morphological measurements of
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Cheiracanthiidae" genus="Cheiracanthium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheiracanthium ilicis" order="Araneae" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ilicis">Cheiracanthium ilicis</taxonomicName>
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sp. n. holotype. All measurements are given in millimetres.
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
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<table pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
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<tr pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
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<th colspan="8" pageId="7" pageNumber="28" rowspan="1">holotype ♂</th>
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</tr>
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</table>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Opisthosoma: Elongated, oval and slightly covered with pubescence, without erect antero-dorsal hairs. It has a uniform creamy colour all over its surface and its dorsum shows just a superficial heart mark, which is creamy or light green in adults and immatures respectively (see Pictures 2 and 3). The spinnerets are formed by two segments. The posterior spinnerets are longer than the contiguous anterior ones and are cone-shaped.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="7" pageNumber="28">Male palps (Fig. 1). Most segments are light yellow with only the tarsus being brownish in colour; the tibia shows a curved retrolateral apophysis (RTA) and, in lateral view, it is inclined outwards; the tarsus is longer than the patella and the tibia taken together. The cymbium is elongated with retrolateral dilation, bearing a spur (CS) projected towards the tibia close to its retrolateral apophysis. The embolus is filiform, long and black; it starts on the retrolateral flank, surrounds the base and ends lying on the conductor (C) at the distal end of the palp. This conductor is membranous and with a pointed end. The apex hides the anterior branch of the tegular apophysis (TA). This inner branch is much more sclerotised and has the shape of a dentated disc perpendicularly oriented with respect to the external branch; the external branch of the tegular apophysis is laminar and is spoon-shaped.</paragraph>
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<paragraph lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="7" pageNumber="28">
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Female (Paratypes, n=3). All measurements are given in millimetres. Medium size (ranges and means within brackets). Total length: 8.8-9.7 (9.13); prosoma length:
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<pageBreakToken pageId="8" pageNumber="29" start="start">3.7</pageBreakToken>
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-4.2 (4.00); prosoma width: 2.9-3.3 (3.06); opisthosoma length: 4.7-6.0 (5.23); opisthosoma width: 3.8-4.9 (4.30). Eyes diameter. AME: 0.200; ALE; 0.175, PME: 0.200, PLE: 0.175; distance between eyes:
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<normalizedToken originalValue="AME–AME">AME-AME</normalizedToken>
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: 0.300,
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||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="AME–ALE">AME-ALE</normalizedToken>
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: 0.325,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="PME–PME">PME-PME</normalizedToken>
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: 0.350,
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||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="PME–PLE">PME-PLE</normalizedToken>
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: 0.375,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="AME–PME">AME-PME</normalizedToken>
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: 0.200,
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<normalizedToken originalValue="ALE–PLE">ALE-PLE</normalizedToken>
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: 0.075, height from clypeus to AME: 0.175, height from clypeus to ALE.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="29">In general, the appearance and colouration of males and females is similar, although the latter are larger and with shorter legs than the slender males. Compared to males, the female dorsal shield is much wider. Eye arrangement is similar in both sexes, but female eyes are a slightly larger. The margins of the chelicera bear 3 teeth (the middle one being larger) in the promargin and two teeth in the retromargin, where the first one is larger. As in the case of males, visualisation is difficult due to the dense brush of hair covering them.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Spination (Table 2). Female palp has a single, simple, straight claw. In the females examined the variability found in the spination patterns is greater than that of the males. In general, the most frequent pattern repeated has been the presence of a single spine on either side of tibias III and IV. Other than this, the spine arrangement is very variable among individuals.</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="8" pageNumber="29">
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<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="29">
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Table 2. Morphological measurements of
|
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Cheiracanthiidae" genus="Cheiracanthium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheiracanthium ilicis" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ilicis">Cheiracanthium ilicis</taxonomicName>
|
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sp. n. paratypes. All measurements are given in millimetres.
|
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</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="29">
|
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<table pageId="8" pageNumber="29">
|
||||
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="29">
|
||||
<th colspan="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" rowspan="1">paratype ♂</th>
|
||||
<th colspan="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" rowspan="1">paratype ♀</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr pageId="8" pageNumber="29">
|
||||
<th colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" rowspan="1">legs</th>
|
||||
<th colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" rowspan="1">segment</th>
|
||||
<th colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" rowspan="1">long.</th>
|
||||
<th colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" rowspan="1">spines</th>
|
||||
<th colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" rowspan="1">long.</th>
|
||||
<th colspan="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" rowspan="1">spines</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Epigyne (Fig. 2A, B). It is an oval-shaped plate, wider than longer, with a rim resulting from the protrusion of the spermathecae and copulatory ducts. The copulatory openings are placed laterally, protected by the rim, and in the middle zone of a spherical funnel-shaped depression. In some females these depressions were covered by a dark substance that had to be removed in order to examine the morphology of the epigyne (Fig. 2A) (Dondal and Redner 1982). In the centre of the plate a septum separates each of these two depressions. In some specimens, the transparency allows the observation of the lateral section of the copulatory ducts, and also the spermathecae located in the posterior zone of the epigynal rim (Fig. 2B).</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Vulva (Fig. 2C). The copulatory ducts start in each depression and go backwards, where they are ventrally curved forming a loop and going towards the spermathecae located behind. These spermathecae are small, almost circular and separated.</paragraph>
|
||||
<subSection pageId="8" pageNumber="29" type="phylogenetic relationships">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="29">Phylogenetic relationships</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="29">
|
||||
The sequence of the cythochrome oxidase I gene was identical in the three individuals of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Cheiracanthiidae" genus="Cheiracanthium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheiracanthium ilicis" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ilicis">Cheiracanthium ilicis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. n. (GenBank Accession code KX272624). The divergence with respect to the closest species (
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Cheiracanthiidae" genus="Cheiracanthium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheiracanthium mildei" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mildei">Cheiracanthium mildei</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) was 7.5% and 11.4% with respect to
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Cheiracanthiidae" genus="Cheiracanthium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheiracanthium inclusum" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inclusum">Cheiracanthium inclusum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="29">
|
||||
The two gene trees (cox1 and 28SrRNA) showed congruent topologies, what allowed the concatenation of the sequences of both genes. Sequences of both genes were available for all species with the exception of 28SrRNA for
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Cheiracanthiidae" genus="Cheiracanthium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheiracanthium inclusum" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inclusum">Cheiracanthium inclusum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The Bayesian phylogeny combining both genes (Fig. 3) retrieved a clade with a highly supported node (PP=1) that included four species (
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Cheiracanthiidae" genus="Cheiracanthium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheiracanthium punctorium" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctorium">Cheiracanthium punctorium</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Cheiracanthiidae" genus="Cheiracanthium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheiracanthium inclusum" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inclusum">Cheiracanthium inclusum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Cheiracanthiidae" genus="Cheiracanthium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheiracanthium mildei" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mildei">Cheiracanthium mildei</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and the new
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Cheiracanthiidae" genus="Cheiracanthium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheiracanthium ilicis" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ilicis">Cheiracanthium ilicis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. n.); within this group,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Cheiracanthiidae" genus="Cheiracanthium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheiracanthium mildei" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mildei">Cheiracanthium mildei</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Cheiracanthiidae" genus="Cheiracanthium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheiracanthium ilicis" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ilicis">Cheiracanthium ilicis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. n. were sister groups (PP=0.86) and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Cheiracanthiidae" genus="Cheiracanthium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheiracanthium inclusum" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="inclusum">Cheiracanthium inclusum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was sister to the
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Cheiracanthiidae" genus="Cheiracanthium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheiracanthium mildei" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mildei">Cheiracanthium mildei</taxonomicName>
|
||||
-
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Cheiracanthiidae" genus="Cheiracanthium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheiracanthium ilicis" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ilicis">Cheiracanthium ilicis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. n. clade.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Cheiracanthiidae" genus="Cheiracanthium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheiracanthium mildei" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mildei">Cheiracanthium mildei</taxonomicName>
|
||||
-
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Cheiracanthiidae" genus="Cheiracanthium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheiracanthium ilicis" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ilicis">Cheiracanthium ilicis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. n. (Fig. 3) were also sister-species in the two gene trees.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="8" pageNumber="29">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="29">
|
||||
Figure 3. DNA phylogeny of one mitochondrial (cox1) and one nuclear (28S) genes showing the phylogenetic position of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Cheiracanthiidae" genus="Cheiracanthium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheiracanthium ilicis" order="Araneae" pageId="8" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ilicis">Cheiracanthium ilicis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. n. within its genus. Tree topology was inferred using maximum likelihood (GTR + I + Gamma substitution model) and Bayesian inference.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSection>
|
||||
<subSection lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" type="habitat distribution and phenology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="30">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="9" pageNumber="30" start="start">Habitat</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
distribution and phenology
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="31" pageId="9" pageNumber="30">
|
||||
The novel species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Cheiracanthiidae" genus="Cheiracanthium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheiracanthium" order="Araneae" pageId="9" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cheiracanthium</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was not randomly distributed in the four habitats sampled (Chi=98.59; df=3; P<0.0001). Most of the individuals were collected from Holm oak branches (82.68%) and trunks (15.64%); only three (1.67%) from grass and none from pit-fall traps. All adults were captured from the tree branches but the
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="10" pageNumber="31" start="start">habitat</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
distribution differences between adults and immatures were not statistically significant (Chi=4.02; df=2; P=0.13). There was a positive relationship between the number of individuals collected from each tree and the surface of its canopy (Fig. 4; Estimate=0.026170; Z=7.894; P<0.001). The positive effects of tree size on
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Cheiracanthiidae" genus="Cheiracanthium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheiracanthium ilicis" order="Araneae" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ilicis">Cheiracanthium ilicis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. n. numbers were independent of the spatial distribution of the trees. The Mantel test demonstrated that the number of individuals collected was not spatially autocorrelated (R=-0.004; P=0.41) and the positive relationship between canopy surface and
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Cheiracanthiidae" genus="Cheiracanthium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheiracanthium ilicis" order="Araneae" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ilicis">Cheiracanthium ilicis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. n. numbers remained significant after checking the Euclidean spatial distance between trees (R=0.30; P<0.01).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="10" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="31">Figure 4. Relationship between the number of individuals collected and the tree size (canopy surface in m2).</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
We collected individuals of
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Cheiracanthiidae" genus="Cheiracanthium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheiracanthium ilicis" order="Araneae" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ilicis">Cheiracanthium ilicis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. n. all year round, but the numbers were lower in the winter months (Fig. 5). There were significant differences between age classes (Chi=170.79; df=3; p<0.0001), as almost all adults were collected only in the second quarter of the year (spring-early summer).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="10" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="10" pageNumber="31">
|
||||
Figure 5. Number of immatures (grey bars) and adults (black bars)
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Cheiracanthiidae" genus="Cheiracanthium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cheiracanthium ilicis" order="Araneae" pageId="10" pageNumber="31" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ilicis">Cheiracanthium ilicis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. n. collected throughout the year.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSection>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
414
data/97/25/82/972582287C14D7A998744CA8DFDB3D62.xml
Normal file
414
data/97/25/82/972582287C14D7A998744CA8DFDB3D62.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,414 @@
|
|||
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<mods:namePart id="2C248F163DBBAAD3AFC202638D355C33">Mifsud, David</mods:namePart>
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<paragraph id="FC805D1C2631C0CF4033B5B85546F555" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">Taxon classification Animalia Coleoptera Bostrichidae</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="44D1589277E3DD574D64538C4FE642DB" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" type="nomenclature">
|
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|
||||
<taxonomicName id="643182097536BEE04E00C327ECB2C4BD" ID-CoL="4SXY5" authority="Fabricius, 1792" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1792" class="Insecta" family="Bostrichidae" genus="Rhyzopertha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhyzopertha dominica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominica">Rhyzopertha dominica (Fabricius, 1792)</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="475DE648CF64DC2EE3A3CA1ABE0D171E" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" type="reference_group">
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<paragraph id="D078CE8C5FAF84653757BF8A87DBF071" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2F2E6266E09F89A5DE4F0AE07B5FA66C" class="Insecta" family="Bostrichidae" genus="Rhyzopertha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhyzopertha dominica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominica">Rhyzopertha dominica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="8AD6CE8266D36691DB2124E976987E4D" author="Hyde, MB" journalOrPublisher="Tropical Science" pageId="28" pageNumber="97" pagination="115 - 129" title="A study of grain storage fossae in Malta." volume="2" year="1960">Hyde and Daubney 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 120.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="1D8DBA44F27E3DA00678BB43C8A39FD4" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D7A7C279AF8877E94A8F1F95F6C4013D" class="Insecta" family="Bostrichidae" genus="Rhyzopertha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhyzopertha dominica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominica">Rhyzopertha dominica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Fabricius, 1792):
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C9239F3A4556462053452AC1B16299B5" author="Denux, O" editor="Roques, A" journalOrPublisher="BioRisk" pageId="24" pageNumber="93" pagination="315 - 406" title="Coleoptera families other than Cerambycidae, Curculionidae sensu lato, Chrysomelidae sensu lato and Coccinelidae. Chapter 8.5." volume="4" volumeTitle="Alien terrestrial arthropods of Europe." year="2010">Denux and Zagatti 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 348.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="FB6B0373A6712BFF0A0A2C1EA9A35DD4" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" type="literature records">
|
||||
<paragraph id="2BC6858E3D892F9D2E05E81EB320971E" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">Literature records.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D6576517FFD2721DEFF3C52BDE7BE6B9" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">
|
||||
Malta: Floriana, St. Publius site, 1958, on grain, 1 ex (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="09E0EAA8948067D167853742EF8360D4" author="Hyde, MB" journalOrPublisher="Tropical Science" pageId="28" pageNumber="97" pagination="115 - 129" title="A study of grain storage fossae in Malta." volume="2" year="1960">Hyde and Daubney 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
);
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="93768942B22AFC49CC2F10C4E4C01AEE" originalValue="“MT”">"MT"</normalizedToken>
|
||||
[= Malta] (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="54BB7684733DC1D3659917543A8141AC" author="Denux, O" editor="Roques, A" journalOrPublisher="BioRisk" pageId="24" pageNumber="93" pagination="315 - 406" title="Coleoptera families other than Cerambycidae, Curculionidae sensu lato, Chrysomelidae sensu lato and Coccinelidae. Chapter 8.5." volume="4" volumeTitle="Alien terrestrial arthropods of Europe." year="2010">Denux and Zagatti 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="2991B009C18931B380A4E209AAF22B22" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" type="material examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="10B6B2F49418B439504E5AC738BF37E6" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="3B48577C7920503C0D48501B50E37139" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">Malta: St. Thomas Bay, 27.VI.1990, DM, 1 ex (CMM); Zejtun, 20.VII.1989, DM, attracted to light, 1 ex (CMM); 15.IX.1989, DM, 1 ex (CNI); 21.IX.1989, DM, 1 ex (CMM); 28.IX.1989, DM, 1 ex (CMM); 10.IX.2001, DM, 1 ex (CMM); 24.XI.2001, DM, 2 ex (CMM; CNI); 3.VII.2002 DM, 1 ex (CMM).</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="4CF7F23D709476870A4F7E6CF6877440" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="5" pageNumber="74" type="chorotype">
|
||||
<paragraph id="718828F7B75F6FDFBB69CE07A18F53ED" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">Chorotype.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="1309B9260A8D860D4051697D1F9F0478" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="5" pageNumber="74">
|
||||
Cosmopolitan (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C5B84D6B4764D508A71B6957FC92DD70" author="Potter, C" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Royal entomological Society of London" pageId="34" pageNumber="103" pagination="449 - 482" title="The biology and distribution of Rhizoperthadominica (Fab.)." url="10.1111/j.1365-2311.1935.tb02995.x" volume="83" year="1935">Potter 1935</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3EA1BEC68D7BF12E5C0A121E3765FF60" class="Insecta" family="Bostrichidae" genus="Rhizopertha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhizopertha dominica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominica">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="F5E026DBC1599D59FBBBE8FCBF02D023" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" start="start">Rhizopertha</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
dominica
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="0EA6F1233A911204F6BA19E2B88BA673" author="Borowski, J" editor="Loebl, I" journalOrPublisher="Apollo Books, Stenstrup" pageId="22" pageNumber="91" pagination="320 - 328" title="Bostrichidae." volumeTitle="Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. Volume 4. Elateroidea - Derodontoidea - Bostrichoidea - Lymexyloidea - Cleroidea - Cucujoidea" year="2007">Borowski 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). This species is widespread in the Palaeartic region (cf.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="6BB1751ABA321532B8DA1C35AAC30F5F" author="Nardi, G" editor="Audisio, P" journalOrPublisher="Comune di Roma, Dipartimento X Area Risorsa Suolo e Tutela Ambientale, Quaderni dell'Ambiente" pageId="32" pageNumber="101" title="Fauna Europaea: Coleoptera 2, Beetles. Fauna Europaea version 1.0" url="http://www.faunaeur.org" year="2004 b">Nardi 2004b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="E0D31DB9C6E248A86EFC215507328BCF" author="Borowski, J" editor="Loebl, I" journalOrPublisher="Apollo Books, Stenstrup" pageId="22" pageNumber="91" pagination="320 - 328" title="Bostrichidae." volumeTitle="Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. Volume 4. Elateroidea - Derodontoidea - Bostrichoidea - Lymexyloidea - Cleroidea - Cucujoidea" year="2007">Borowski 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The followings territories were not included in its distribution provided by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="BEDC56DA884F0E78A32A780FEC932FA7" author="Borowski, J" editor="Loebl, I" journalOrPublisher="Apollo Books, Stenstrup" pageId="22" pageNumber="91" pagination="320 - 328" title="Bostrichidae." volumeTitle="Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. Volume 4. Elateroidea - Derodontoidea - Bostrichoidea - Lymexyloidea - Cleroidea - Cucujoidea" year="2007">Borowski (2007)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: Bhutan (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="0599066F975001B66F9F37312C6D9DB4" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">Taylor and Halliday 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), Bulgaria (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="6BCA31307289436B5671598B9115B686" author="Zidan, F" journalOrPublisher="Selskostopanska Nauka" pageId="38" pageNumber="107" pagination="37 - 46" title="Laboratory assessment of presence and level of resistance to the phosphine in populations of the lesser grain borer Rhyzoperthadominica F. Coleoptera, Bostrichidae in storages and silos in Bulgaria." volume="42" year="2009">Zidan and Obretenchev 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), China (Anhui, Chongqing, Guangdong, Guizhou, Hebei, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Jiangxi, Shandong, Sichuan) (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="83C16D23A7081E9498720E3CE21EECDB" author="Lesne, P" journalOrPublisher="L'Abeille" pageId="30" pageNumber="99" pagination="153 - 168" title="Supplement au Synopsis des Bostrychides Paleartiques." volume="30" year="1904">Lesne 1904</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="91BD3EF391CCF03B403FFA522C44CC9B" class="Insecta" family="Bostrichidae" genus="Rhizopertha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhizopertha dominica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominica">Rhizopertha dominica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, Song et al. 2012), Iran (cf.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D00F0D717865ED0529AB0242A8970459" author="Abivardi, C" journalOrPublisher="Springer Verlag, Berlin-Heidelberg-New York" pageId="19" pageNumber="88" pagination="445 - 1033" title="Iranian Entomology. Vol. 2. Applied entomology" year="2001">Abivari 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5882AFD82D1A0721E9963D08F77FC1CD" class="Insecta" family="Bostrichidae" genus="Rhizopertha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhizopertha dominica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominica">Rhizopertha dominica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="F1ECDB362990E86E68A38A1ED7911653" author="Ziaee, M" journalOrPublisher="Pakistan Entomologist" pageId="38" pageNumber="107" pagination="45 - 50" title="Effects of temperature and exposure interval on the toxicity of Silico Sec ® against two stored products insects." volume="28" year="2006">Ziaee et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="867E19EB0C6166255EFBCC6E02145F24" author="Ashouri, S" journalOrPublisher="Pakistan Entomologist" pageId="20" pageNumber="89" pagination="122 - 127" title="Insecticidal activities of Black Pepper and Red Pepper in powder form on adults of Rhyzoperthadominica (F.) and Sitophilusgranarius (L.)." volume="31" year="2009">Ashouri and Shayesteh 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), Israel (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="52D750C0FB63BF4059DBA976E8771398" author="Halperin, J" journalOrPublisher="Israel Journal of Entomology" pageId="27" pageNumber="96" pagination="47 - 53" title="The bostrychid beetles (Coleoptera) of Israel." volume="14" year="1980">Halperin and Damoiseau 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F919B21A9133D2120A783EDDAC5D8281" class="Insecta" family="Bostrichidae" genus="Rhizopertha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhizopertha dominica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominica">Rhizopertha dominica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="381530992A6F3F5405F2258BD3D63449" author="Chikatunov, V" journalOrPublisher="Pentsoft, Sofia-Moscow" pageId="23" pageNumber="92" title="Coleoptera of " Evolution Canyon " Lower Nahal Oren, Mount Carmel, Israel Part II." year="2004">Chikatunov et al. 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D6E571A219C89FC94E43017133D37548" genus="Rhyzoperta" lsidName="Rhyzoperta" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" rank="genus">Rhyzoperta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
[sic!]
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C45297D9D16DB9BD5E530E7EC546C33A" lsidName="dominica" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" rank="species" species="dominica">dominica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="42ECC6ACA1558EB98CCE24C7AB35DE2B" author="Chikatunov, V" journalOrPublisher="Buchreiche zur Entomologie" pageId="23" pageNumber="92" pagination="313 - 320" title="The xylophagous beetles (Buprestidae, Lyctidae, Bostrichidae, Anobiidae, Cerambycidae, Scolytidae, Platypodidae) (Coleoptera) collected in the Israeli light trap survey and their association with the major phyto-geographical zones of Israel. Esperiana." volume="12" year="2006">Chikatunov et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F689AEACCBC0D78E20AB23EEB5627813" class="Insecta" family="Bostrichidae" genus="Rhizopertha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhizopertha dominica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominica">Rhizopertha dominica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), Jordan (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="BC2887D6FAE1E73A195A46029FBD6BDB" author="Sharaf, N" journalOrPublisher="Dirasat" pageId="36" pageNumber="105" pagination="57 - 65" title="Preliminary survey of coleopteran fauna of Jordan." volume="10" year="1983">Sharaf et al. 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), Libya (cf.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D3B53E47BD650C2D36F11685026D8535" author="Zanon, V" journalOrPublisher="Memorie della Societa entomologica italiana" pageId="38" pageNumber="107" pagination="112 - 139" title="Contributo alla conoscenza della fauna entomologica di Bengasi. Coleotteri." volume="1" year="1922">Zanon 1922</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="23128C11938CFD97730DE0D4A0D32302" author="Gridelli, E" journalOrPublisher="Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale Giacomo Doria" pageId="26" pageNumber="95" pagination="1 - 480" title="Risultati zoologici della missione inviata dalla R. Societa Geografica Italiana per l'esplorazione dell'Oasi di Giarabub (1926 - 1927). Coleotteri." volume="54" year="1930">Gridelli 1930</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="A9570D0CC48676C0489E8E066C818D5B" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">Zavattari 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, in all cases as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FE4C9B64025ECAA12B8665D721B8506F" class="Insecta" family="Bostrichidae" genus="Rhizopertha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhizopertha dominica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominica">Rhizopertha dominica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="CF58BE145708310DA998EDDEBCA47AD6" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">Champ 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), Lithuania (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="AB00E28599E892807090FBCB29C848A4" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">Ivinskis et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B4C1CFFAB610733BBC32709B8DD367CC" class="Insecta" family="Bostrichidae" genus="Rhizopertha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhizopertha dominica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominica">Rhizopertha dominica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), Morocco (
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="8B65ED80A6DF56709F2FB9904A5580F2" originalValue="Martínez">Martinez</normalizedToken>
|
||||
de la Escalera 1914,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3325648FE7086FE8DC9649763E22E31C" author="Rungs, C" journalOrPublisher="L'Entomologiste" pageId="35" pageNumber="104" pagination="7 - 11" title="Sur les hoetes de quelques Coleopteres Bostrychidae observes au Maroc." volume="2" year="1946">Rungs 1946</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C259F9625B454F005E0D64744D208F05" author="Espanol, F" journalOrPublisher="Publicaciones del Instituto de Biologia Aplicada" pageId="25" pageNumber="94" pagination="73 - 75" title="Lictidos y bostriquidos de la zona mediterranea de Marruecos." volume="24" year="1956 b">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="A39B56F5F1C0641AED3863BD3F4CEC33" originalValue="Español">Espanol</normalizedToken>
|
||||
1956b
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="1387513B3C9D9650CF11AB9C67EB93E1" author="Kocher, L" journalOrPublisher="Travaux de l'Institut Scientifique Cherifien" pageId="29" pageNumber="98" pagination="1 - 136" title="Catalogue commente des Coleopteres du Maroc, fascicule IV. Clavicornia et groupes voisins." volume="11" year="1956">Kocher 1956</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, in all cases as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F17D39CE7E188E51FE654DB48A2DD919" class="Insecta" family="Bostrichidae" genus="Rhizopertha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhizopertha dominica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominica">Rhizopertha dominica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D2062F9238F4F58B0385BAFA98F2D3EA" author="Bartali, H" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research" pageId="20" pageNumber="89" pagination="297 - 314" title="Performance of plastic lining for storage of barley in traditional underground structures (Matmora) in Morocco." url="10.1016/0021-8634(90)80049-Z" volume="47" year="1990">Bartali et al. 1990</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="DABF6A098CD828D36777BBFDBAFF1116" author="Lopez-Colon, JI" journalOrPublisher="Biocosme Mesogeen" pageId="30" pageNumber="99" pagination="171 - 221" title="Los Bostrichidae Latreille, 1802 de la fauna de Marruecos (Coleoptera)." volume="16" year="2000">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="557BF1E6B44B5ED559C9A9BB351C1772" originalValue="López-Colon">Lopez-Colon</normalizedToken>
|
||||
2000
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="DCD6B90DB8C5E08003EAB82207E2BE57" class="Insecta" family="Bostrichidae" genus="Rhizopertha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhizopertha dominica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominica">Rhizopertha dominica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="D5CC1133A2CA7A7FAAD21CE7F5FF3C02" author="Benhalima, H" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Stored Products Research" pageId="21" pageNumber="90" pagination="241 - 249" title="Phosphine resistance in stored-product insects collected from various grain storage facilities in Morocco." url="10.1016/S0022-474X(03)00012-2" volume="40" year="2004">Benhalima et al. 2004</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), Nepal (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9F785E3F80CA2483E510BBE8DCD13717" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">Taylor and Halliday 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), Pakistan (cf.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="BE183E57CD17A6D5B0E44C0D2008F729" author="Quddus, A" journalOrPublisher="Pakistan entomologist" pageId="34" pageNumber="103" pagination="20 - 26" title="Studies on the toxicity of some insecticides against Rhizoperthadominica (F.)." volume="4" year="1982">Quddus and Qayyum 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="7934C867D8F8DBF4B4913ED04F7C86FB" author="Ishaque, M" journalOrPublisher="Pakistan Entomologist" pageId="28" pageNumber="97" pagination="1 - 6" title="Effect of some Fumigants and Contact Insecticides on Insect pests of Stored Wheat." volume="4" year="1982">Ishaque et al. 1982</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, in both cases as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3476E571964B854C787BCBBA468A2CAC" class="Insecta" family="Bostrichidae" genus="Rhizopertha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhizopertha dominica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominica">Rhizopertha dominica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="00AD7EAD0B5F29FCADB0ECD130529941" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">Taylor and Halliday 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="CDB5C281A614A91F4B476B4118826C38" author="Sardar Alam, M" journalOrPublisher="Pakistan Journal of Biological Sciences" pageId="35" pageNumber="104" pagination="623 - 626" title="A Survey of Resistance to Phosphine in Some Coleopterous Pests of Stored Wheat and Rice Grain in Pakistan." url="10.3923/pjbs.1999.623.626" volume="2" year="1999">Sardar Alam et al. 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="1CBF9C3442EF88CC801743604115DFAF" author="Anwar, M" journalOrPublisher="Pakistan Entomologist" pageId="20" pageNumber="89" pagination="89 - 94" title="Efficacy of Azadirachtaindica L. oil on bagging material against some insect pests of wheat stored in warehouses at Faisalabad." volume="27" year="2005">Anwar et al. 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, in both cases as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A689D52F9908FD8199306B72D20C6513" class="Insecta" family="Bostrichidae" genus="Rhizopertha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhizopertha dominica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominica">Rhizopertha dominica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="2D85BC6CCABB72945ACD6DFEEF26F6A5" author="Wakil, W" journalOrPublisher="Pakistan Entomologist" pageId="37" pageNumber="106" pagination="19 - 24" title="Efficacy of diatomaceous earth (protect-it) as a protectant of stored wheat against Rhyzoperthadominica (F.) (Coleoptera: Bostrychidae)." volume="28" year="2006">Wakil et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="CFE4370A89B716E7C077656F88193B2A" author="Ahmed, A" journalOrPublisher="Pakistan Entomologist" pageId="19" pageNumber="88" pagination="31 - 36" title="Management of Bagged Wheat godowns to control the stored grain insect pests." volume="30" year="2008">Ahmed et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="322D0DCFBA1FFB2E0DA48D8453EE37C9" class="Insecta" family="Bostrichidae" genus="Rhizopertha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhizopertha dominica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominica">Rhizopertha dominica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="91020DE2F87CA79006F198C6CA7A86CA" author="Wakil, W" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Stored Products Research" pageId="38" pageNumber="107" pagination="28 - 35" title="Effects of combined thiamethoxam and diatomaceous earth on mortality and progeny production of four Pakistani populations of Rhyzoperthadominica (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) on wheat, rice and maize." url="10.1016/j.jspr.2012.09.002" volume="52" year="2013">Wakil et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), Portugal (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="934ACC6B66B6A720773A1B26F07A43A9" author="Seabra, AF de" journalOrPublisher="Memorias e Estudos do Museu Zoologico da Universidade de Coimbra (Serie I)" pageId="36" pageNumber="105" title="Contribiucoes para o Inventario da Fauna Lusitanica. InsectaColeoptera." volume="142" year="1943">Seabra 1943</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7E36943645E0AACDEB2AFED333BA96DC" class="Insecta" family="Bostrichidae" genus="Rhizopertha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhizopertha dominica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominica">Rhizopertha dominica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="6246585DB4D9C584A564A040658A74B6" author="Nardi, G" editor="Audisio, P" journalOrPublisher="Comune di Roma, Dipartimento X Area Risorsa Suolo e Tutela Ambientale, Quaderni dell'Ambiente" pageId="32" pageNumber="101" title="Fauna Europaea: Coleoptera 2, Beetles. Fauna Europaea version 1.0" url="http://www.faunaeur.org" year="2004 b">Nardi 2004b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="0253D3A910D5DDEC62BB84F5B43939CC" author="Bahillo de la Puebla, P" journalOrPublisher="Heteropterus Revista de Entomologia" pageId="21" pageNumber="90" pagination="147 - 227" title="Los Bostrichidae Latreille, 1802 de la fauna de ibero-balear (Coleoptera)." volume="7" year="2007">Bahillo de la Puebla et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5C6D05EBC29AA6839CB79414E254926B" author="Baena, M" journalOrPublisher="Zoologica baetica" pageId="20" pageNumber="89" pagination="25 - 51" title="Contribucion al estudio de los Bostriquidos de Portugal y actualizacion del catalogo de la fauna iberica (Coleoptera, Bostrichidae)." volume="24" year="2013">Baena and Zuzarte 2013</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), Romania (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="78B6BA7A2D81FC25D3F7043FB06FBF30" author="Ghizdavu, I" journalOrPublisher="Buletinul Universita ̆ t ̧ ii de S ̧ tiint ̧ e Cluj-Napoca (Seria Agricultura s ̧ i Horticultura ̆)" pageId="26" pageNumber="95" pagination="119 - 126" title="Investigations on the arthropod fauna, harmful to agricultural stored products, in the central area of the western plain of Romania." volume="48" year="1995">Ghizdavu and Deac 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="ADE56C9DB56449296DDE3225681FA12E" author="Nardi, G" editor="Audisio, P" journalOrPublisher="Comune di Roma, Dipartimento X Area Risorsa Suolo e Tutela Ambientale, Quaderni dell'Ambiente" pageId="32" pageNumber="101" title="Fauna Europaea: Coleoptera 2, Beetles. Fauna Europaea version 1.0" url="http://www.faunaeur.org" year="2004 b">Nardi 2004b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), Saudi Arabia (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="74EED45B7EC1A03093790C14E0FE9616" author="Damoiseau, R" editor="Wittmer, W" journalOrPublisher="Pro Entomologica, Natural History Museum, Basel and Ciba-Geigy Ltd., Basel" pageId="24" pageNumber="93" pagination="249 - 250" title="Insects of Saudi Arabia Coleoptera: Fam. Bostrichidae." volumeTitle="Fauna of Arabia" year="1979">Damoiseau 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C0668016B9D15CFDD695D0ECFB120907" author="Amin, AH" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin de la Societe entomologique d'Egypte" pageId="20" pageNumber="89" pagination="299 - 317" title="Survey and relative abundance of some Coleopterous Insects attracted to a light trap in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia." volume="66" year="1986">Amin et al. 1986</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, in both cases as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2C9758011D91F86E92139F55D3B704E6" class="Insecta" family="Bostrichidae" genus="Rhizopertha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhizopertha dominica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominica">Rhizopertha dominica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="1B33EE0F12A2FC77FFC4F0EB41CE3974" author="Mostafa, SAS" journalOrPublisher="Anzeiger fur Schadlingskunde Pflanzenschutz Umweltschutz" pageId="31" pageNumber="100" pagination="184 - 187" title="Insects damaging stored products in Saudi Arabia." url="10.1007/BF01902237" volume="54" year="1981">Mostafa et al. 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="454E309439D7FB356105C029AD3AE080" author="Rostom, ZMF" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Stored Products Research" pageId="35" pageNumber="104" pagination="27 - 31" title="Survey of some granivorous and non-granivorous insects and mites of stores in Saudi Arabia." url="10.1016/0022-474X(93)90017-X" volume="29" year="1993">Rostom 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="B9179A94A71380BA39FEE1D0AEAA7AA4" author="Ahmed, KS" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Stored Products Research" pageId="19" pageNumber="88" pagination="137 - 140" title="Studies on the Ectoparasitoid, Anisopteromaluscalandrae Howard (Hymenoptera: Pteromalidae) as a Biocontrol Agent against the Lesser Grain Borer, Rhyzoperthadominica (Fab.) in Saudi Arabia." url="10.1016/0022-474X(96)00005-7" volume="32" year="1996">Ahmed 1996</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), Switzerland (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3C16E4290507699D0BC78BDBE974115B" author="Hoppe, T" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen der Schweizerischen Entomologischen Gesellschaft" pageId="27" pageNumber="96" pagination="3 - 13" title="Pests of stored products in Switzerland: abundance and insecticide resistance." volume="54" year="1981">Hoppe 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="A5CA4E9DC51A555D205B0BF839253E94" author="Buchi, R" journalOrPublisher="Landwirtschaft Schweiz" pageId="22" pageNumber="91" pagination="10 - 12" title="Inquiry on the incidence of pests and the use of insecticides in granaries, feed stocks and mills." volume="6" year="1993">Buchi 1993</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C9548A854E1066EB388A6D686E0B9FB9" author="Kenis, M" editor="Wittenberg, R" journalOrPublisher="CABI Bioscience Switzerland Centre report to the Swiss Agency for Environment, Forests and Landscape" pageId="29" pageNumber="98" pagination="131 - 212" title="4 Insects - Insecta." volumeTitle="An inventory of alien species and their threat to biodiversity and economy in Switzerland" year="2005">Kenis 2005</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="74E88CA867A78D53D21C943371263F35" genus="Rhyzoperta" lsidName="Rhyzoperta" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" rank="genus">Rhyzoperta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
[sic!]
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0099B8F0E8F6E5DEE78BFE4A1586636D" lsidName="dominica" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" rank="species" species="dominica">dominica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="F85A8E4374006F084FFFA31988B63CD3" author="Denux, O" editor="Roques, A" journalOrPublisher="BioRisk" pageId="24" pageNumber="93" pagination="315 - 406" title="Coleoptera families other than Cerambycidae, Curculionidae sensu lato, Chrysomelidae sensu lato and Coccinelidae. Chapter 8.5." volume="4" volumeTitle="Alien terrestrial arthropods of Europe." year="2010">Denux and Zagatti 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), Turkey (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="F32727F51E55A856B5C85D4BF56EFC4C" author="Gerini, V" journalOrPublisher="Rivista di agricoltura subtropicale e tropicale" pageId="26" pageNumber="95" pagination="330 - 368" title="Contributo alla conoscenza della entomofauna nociva della Turchia." volume="65" year="1971">Gerini 1971</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9CC707E072DCF921FCEA3BA9E271EA69" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">Aydin and Soran 1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="694BF12DFF7367E464B812C260D0AB06" author="Yucel, A" journalOrPublisher="Bitki Koruma Bulteni" pageId="38" pageNumber="107" pagination="57 - 77" title="Investigation on determining flour beetles and their damage in meal factories and mills in south-eastern Anatolia." volume="28" year="1988">Yucel 1988</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="2867404C7A30C736D9E1014C1E5DE054" author="Emekci, M" editor="Adler, C" journalOrPublisher="IOBC wprs Bulletin" pageId="25" pageNumber="94" pagination="39 - 46" title="Current status of stored products protection in Turkey." volume="23" volumeTitle="IOBC / WPRS Working Group " Integrated Protection in Stored Products "." year="2000">
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="8D36BEE467F15993943C496E107545B7" originalValue="Emekçi">Emekci</normalizedToken>
|
||||
and Ferizli 2000
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), Ukraine (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="39297E54D290B020275F2453CDB4489D" author="Podobivskiĭ, SS" journalOrPublisher="Zashchita Rasteniĭ" pageId="34" pageNumber="103" pagination="38 - 39" title="Rhyzoperthadominica in the Ukraine." volume="12" year="1991">Podobivskiĭ 1991</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) and Uzbekistan (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="6571C530319B068D91A8E2B1E7BB1499" author="Asanov, K" journalOrPublisher="Zashchita Rastenii" pageId="20" pageNumber="89" pagination=": 23" title="Predators and parasites of the lesser grain borer." volume="5" year="1980">Asanov 1980</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="BA0FD1A78DFEB4CAD10A4CDA0B98C35B" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" type="ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F09EE032B9198B1CA03C4E05821110D4" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">Ecology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="400FB1AA0A00706D5425AB9CA970C3DF" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">
|
||||
Originally, this species was only associated with wood but is now considered as a primary pest of all kinds of stored grains. Both larvae and adults are able to attack whole grain, causing considerable damage. The species is thought to have originated from the Indian subcontinent, and was introduced worldwide by commerce. It is an economically important pest since it can cause
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="C0F4A56E1D74E310EDA6751BD8EE7D9C" originalValue="significant">significant</normalizedToken>
|
||||
economic losses in terms of grain mass and nutrient depletion, and pose a public health risk from contamination by allergens, such as uric acid (cf.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="A8EB54CC0B71510631D9100A4ECF68F3" author="Potter, C" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Royal entomological Society of London" pageId="34" pageNumber="103" pagination="449 - 482" title="The biology and distribution of Rhizoperthadominica (Fab.)." url="10.1111/j.1365-2311.1935.tb02995.x" volume="83" year="1935">Potter 1935</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="12469187D1BC786277C29DDD39D64656" author="Beeson, CF" journalOrPublisher="Indian Forest Records" pageId="21" pageNumber="90" pagination="223 - 320" title="On the biology of the Bostrychidae (Coleoptera)." volume="2" year="1937">Beeson and Bhatia 1937</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="CC68132CDDA243144F09C8316FFD16F2" author="Lepesme, P" journalOrPublisher="P. Lechevalier, Paris" pageId="30" pageNumber="99" title="Encyclopedie entomologique, 22. Les Coleopteres des denrees alimentaires et des produits industriels entreposes" year="1944">Lepesme 1944</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, in all cases as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4E29AE64B12255C11A256D7FF42D58B7" class="Insecta" family="Bostrichidae" genus="Rhyzopertha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhyzopertha dominica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominica">Rhyzopertha dominica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9045F17B200189D5BF0281AD95BDC416" author="Fisher, WS" journalOrPublisher="United States Department of Agriculture Miscellaneous Publications" pageId="25" pageNumber="94" pagination="1 - 157" title="A revision of the North American Species of Beetles belonging to the family Bostrichidae." volume="698" year="1950">Fisher 1950</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="772EA8C7A91130CB327A56194E35365D" author="Aitken, AD" journalOrPublisher="HMSO, London" pageId="19" pageNumber="88" title="Insect Travellers, 1, Coleoptera." volumeTitle="Technical Bullettin Ministry of Agriculture Fisheries and Food" year="1975">Aitken 1975</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="013580E14DEB1DA032B31A38EF4F74F7" author="Maes, JM" journalOrPublisher="Revista Nicaraguense de Entomologia" pageId="31" pageNumber="100" pagination="5 - 17" title="Los Bostrichidae (Coleoptera) de Nicaragua." volume="32" year="1995">Maes 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C283E0B8F0A36A42E5C26B4A55252C89" author="Pollini, A" journalOrPublisher="Edagricole, Bologna" pageId="34" pageNumber="103" title="Manuale di entomologia applicata" year="1998">Pollini 1998</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, in both cases as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="730A51ACA0F8CBB4E6DDD28657A3D9A9" class="Insecta" family="Bostrichidae" genus="Rhyzopertha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhyzopertha dominica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominica">Rhyzopertha dominica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="95965595ED067495D82CEABE4C23E3AE" author="Geis, K-U" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen des Internationalen Entomologischen Vereins, Supplement" pageId="25" pageNumber="94" pagination="1 - 100" title="Gebietsfremde Splintholz- und Bohrkaefer, nach Mitteleuropa mit Importholz und anderen Guetern eingeschleppt. - Eine Bestandsaufnahme (Coleoptera: Lyctidae, Bostrichidae)." volume="10" year="2002">Geis 2002</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, Gelosi and
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="62ABC2708E3C4D4A6BF386B7053A7834" originalValue="Süss">Suess</normalizedToken>
|
||||
2001,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="572653D0071145E30C930C3DD5F2B05B" author="Nguyen, DT" journalOrPublisher="Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich" pageId="32" pageNumber="101" title="Analysis of the behaviour of Rhyzoperthadominica (F.) (Coleoptera: Bostrichidae) towards host volatiles" year="2006">Nguyen 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C35AB25D26489B2C4D59582178A86B63" author="Borowski, J" editor="Loebl, I" journalOrPublisher="Apollo Books, Stenstrup" pageId="22" pageNumber="91" pagination="320 - 328" title="Bostrichidae." volumeTitle="Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. Volume 4. Elateroidea - Derodontoidea - Bostrichoidea - Lymexyloidea - Cleroidea - Cucujoidea" year="2007">Borowski 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3818E235180FBF5548F73465F6350F8D" author="Liu, L-Y" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen der Muenchner Entomologischen Gesellschaft" pageId="30" pageNumber="99" pagination="91 - 97" title="A review of the literature on the life history of Bostrichidae (Coleoptera)." volume="98" year="2008">Liu et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="98B52B75BB924C345DC48DAE84F69BD0" author="Denux, O" editor="Roques, A" journalOrPublisher="BioRisk" pageId="24" pageNumber="93" pagination="315 - 406" title="Coleoptera families other than Cerambycidae, Curculionidae sensu lato, Chrysomelidae sensu lato and Coccinelidae. Chapter 8.5." volume="4" volumeTitle="Alien terrestrial arthropods of Europe." year="2010">Denux and Zagatti 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="53DD2CC65BE445B136996D0232211F63" author="Kenis, M" editor="Roques, A" journalOrPublisher="BioRisk" pageId="29" pageNumber="98" pagination="51 - 71" title="Impact of alien terrestrial arthropods in Europe. Chapter 5." url="10.3897/biorisk.4.42" volume="4" volumeTitle="Alien terrestrial arthropods of Europe." year="2010">Kenis and Branco 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="F43446990C0B8A0514A39FCD10BB295F" author="Arthur, FH" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Stored Products Research" pageId="20" pageNumber="89" pagination="137 - 142" title="Impact of Rhyzoperthadominica (F.) on quality parameters of milled rice." url="10.1016/j.jspr.2011.10.010" volume="48" year="2012">Arthur et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="50A18F396A0A04057B71AF3E39F0A8F9" author="Edde, PA" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Stored Products Research" pageId="25" pageNumber="94" pagination="1 - 18" title="A review of the biology and control of Rhyzoperthadominica (F.) the lesser grain borer." url="10.1016/j.jspr.2011.08.007" volume="48" year="2012">Edde 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). This species can also damage books (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="B1582CAC6DDA4C853432A3F1E3EB8B4C" author="Hoffman, WA" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Economic Entomology," pageId="27" pageNumber="96" pagination="293 - 294" title="Rhizoperthadominica F. as a Library Pest." volume="26" year="1933">Hoffman 1933</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7E8B31742953A7CBDD2552F7141AA3BB" class="Insecta" family="Bostrichidae" genus="Rhyzopertha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhyzopertha dominica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominica">Rhyzopertha dominica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="FC00FE0B6DA851BDF1CB35C1B9B63DB2" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="76" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" type="notes">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F3E42209D6CC977BDB6CAF6F6F7AC763" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">Notes.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="A1D09E0B2B464BC9D162A1D7C31235CF" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">
|
||||
The record from Malta by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="F8820EE442154CB2F6170E53ACC0883D" author="Hyde, MB" journalOrPublisher="Tropical Science" pageId="28" pageNumber="97" pagination="115 - 129" title="A study of grain storage fossae in Malta." volume="2" year="1960">Hyde and Daubney (1960)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
was later overlooked by all authors (cf.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="45735A194A47681E66D766F7F8ADEB08" author="Saliba, LJ" journalOrPublisher="Department of Information, Malta" pageId="35" pageNumber="104" title="Insect pests of crop plants in the Maltese Islands." year="1963">Saliba 1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="2133B53E46878DE8A0E3BA3088D3C8A0" author="Nardi, G" editor="Audisio, P" journalOrPublisher="Comune di Roma, Dipartimento X Area Risorsa Suolo e Tutela Ambientale, Quaderni dell'Ambiente" pageId="32" pageNumber="101" title="Fauna Europaea: Coleoptera 2, Beetles. Fauna Europaea version 1.0" url="http://www.faunaeur.org" year="2004 b">Nardi 2004b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="66717522C69DF3068FB44CB81F525A1F" author="Borowski, J" editor="Loebl, I" journalOrPublisher="Apollo Books, Stenstrup" pageId="22" pageNumber="91" pagination="320 - 328" title="Bostrichidae." volumeTitle="Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. Volume 4. Elateroidea - Derodontoidea - Bostrichoidea - Lymexyloidea - Cleroidea - Cucujoidea" year="2007">Borowski 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Thus this beetle must have been introduced in Malta at least since 1958 where it is now a well established species.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="44BE41CD43E592CCF97CDEE8B646C470" pageId="6" pageNumber="75">
|
||||
In Italy,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C4008C58C5B8BB363ECB1A50AA090F08" class="Insecta" family="Bostrichidae" genus="Rhyzopertha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhyzopertha dominica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominica">Rhyzopertha dominica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was first collected in Sicily during the nineteenth century (cf.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="53B8C3C9D10799398C70491B7F62DEFD" author="Bertolini, S" journalOrPublisher="Supplemento del Bullettino della Societa entomologica italiana" pageId="21" pageNumber="90" pagination="157 - 204" title="Catalogo sinonimico e topografico dei Coleotteri d'Italia." volume="7" year="1874">Bertolini 1874</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="10BB2C8421FBC523E18DD4A7A3274064" class="Insecta" family="Bostrichidae" genus="Rhyzopertha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhyzopertha pusilla" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pusilla">Rhyzopertha pusilla</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Fabr. [= (Fabricius, 1798)];
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="70ACC91FE2A5CC7FBC7F390681FC688F" author="Ragusa, E" journalOrPublisher=")" pageId="34" pageNumber="103" pagination="69 - 106" title="Catalogo ragionato dei Coleotteri di Sicilia. Il Naturalista siciliano (n. s." volume="1" year="1896">Ragusa 1896</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="60C219D0AE49BDCD94AFE03B7AC54801" class="Insecta" family="Bostrichidae" genus="Rhyzopertha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhyzopertha pusilla" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pusilla">Rhyzopertha pusilla</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), and since the 1950's it was widespread in all regions (cf.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="CFCFBC01AB1ABC666FD1AC8FB350C776" author="Norato, G" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino dell'Istituto di Entomologia agraria e dell'Osservatorio di Fitopatologia di Palermo" pageId="32" pageNumber="101" pagination="245 - 249" title="Notizie su due parassiti del grano di recente introduzione in Sicilia." volume="2" year="1957">Norato 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="FE79B62B94564A2BDCB6AFEBBE46783A" author="Dal Monte, G" journalOrPublisher="Informatore fitopatologico" pageId="24" pageNumber="93" pagination="216 - 220" title="Il Cappuccino dei cereali." volume="12" year="1958">Dal Monte 1958</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9A8CCD8978449D463E4BE6D5EC768E46" class="Insecta" family="Bostrichidae" genus="Rhyzopertha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhyzopertha dominica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominica">Rhyzopertha dominica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="02CA617BE5946B811E53827666F2441E" author="Genduso, P" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino dell'Istituto di Entomologia agraria e dell'Osservatorio di Fitopatologia di Palermo" pageId="26" pageNumber="95" pagination="159 - 202" title="Terzo decennio di osservazioni entomologiche sui principali insetti nocivi della Sicilia." volume="4" year="1963">Genduso 1963</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). According to
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="53358AF73DE9BF6CABA0C27CC0E46A73" author="Denux, O" editor="Roques, A" journalOrPublisher="BioRisk" pageId="24" pageNumber="93" pagination="315 - 406" title="Coleoptera families other than Cerambycidae, Curculionidae sensu lato, Chrysomelidae sensu lato and Coccinelidae. Chapter 8.5." volume="4" volumeTitle="Alien terrestrial arthropods of Europe." year="2010">Denux and Zagatti (2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 348) the first European record of this species was from Czech Republic and is dated 1900, but the above Sicilian records, as well as those from other countries (cf.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="0BF58EAD2129F1BDFBDE828888284AC1" author="Reitter, E" editor="Heyden, (von) L" journalOrPublisher="London, Berlin, Paris" pageId="35" pageNumber="104" pagination="124 - 125" title="Bostrychidae." volumeTitle="Catalogus Coleopterorum Europae et Caucasi" year="1883">Reitter 1883</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="69C2643DF73DBCDA5B82A2BBFF37B63B" class="Insecta" family="Bostrichidae" genus="Rhyzopertha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhyzopertha pusilla" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pusilla">Rhyzopertha pusilla</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="AAD20F5E4BA667D7FA27BF0304C351EA" author="Lesne, P" journalOrPublisher="L'Abeille" pageId="30" pageNumber="99" pagination="73 - 136" title="Synopsis des Bostrychides paleartiques." volume="30" year="1901 b">Lesne 1901b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), are older. Moreover, this species has been present in Europe at least since 3500-2551 BP, as testified by its archelogical presence in Spain and Greece (cf.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="0D10C0C764B476643690A7857C230032" author="King, GA" journalOrPublisher="Archaeology University of York, York" pageId="29" pageNumber="98" title="The Alien Presence: Palaeoentomological Approaches to Trade and Migration." year="2009">King 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). So the species was introduced and established before 1492 A.D. at least in Spain and Greece and must be considered as parautocthonous (cf.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C30CFDF2A58A9B280989BA0B67D06A37" author="Zapparoli, M" journalOrPublisher="Atti Accademia Nazionale Italiana di Entomologia" pageId="38" pageNumber="107" pagination="97 - 101" title="La componente alloctona nella entomofauna italiana: aspetti generali." volume="55" year="2008">Zapparoli 2008</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 98). Illustrations of its male and female genitalia were provided by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="A75103F452C34D52DFC1A82E61E9329D" author="Potter, C" journalOrPublisher="Transactions of the Royal entomological Society of London" pageId="34" pageNumber="103" pagination="449 - 482" title="The biology and distribution of Rhizoperthadominica (Fab.)." url="10.1111/j.1365-2311.1935.tb02995.x" volume="83" year="1935">Potter (1935</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 474-475, figs 21-25),
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C95AEE3BD53463794849D609FAAD5B94" author="Lesne, P" journalOrPublisher="Revue francaise d'Entomologie" pageId="30" pageNumber="99" pagination="145 - 151" title="Quelques remarques sur le Rhizoperthadominica F. [Col. Bostrychidae]." volume="8" year="1945">Lesne (1945</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 149, figs 9-13, as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D605EFBF1712BD09BCC11ABE76FA6230" class="Insecta" family="Bostrichidae" genus="Rhyzopertha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhyzopertha dominica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominica">Rhyzopertha dominica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="9227BAAB4EAA310E9D72C187E4204062" author="Surtees, G" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Royal entomological Society of London (A)" pageId="36" pageNumber="105" pagination="144 - 152" title="Spermathecal structure in some Coleoptera associated with stored products." url="10.1111/j.1365-3032.1961.tb00260.x" volume="36" year="1961">Surtees (1961</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 149, fig. 11, as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="306AF1A3F547257F52193426FC589B80" class="Insecta" family="Bostrichidae" genus="Rhyzopertha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhyzopertha dominica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominica">Rhyzopertha dominica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F800A4B0243AA5ED1EA39DEB6ED81A4C" pageId="7" pageNumber="76">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A87DC05C4EF0E33BDABDF0CC33ADAC90" class="Insecta" family="Bostrichidae" genus="Rhizopertha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhizopertha dominica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subspecies" species="dominica" subspecies="granulipennis">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="85343869BD1199B15D8F4CCDA8D7A36C" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" start="start">Rhizopertha</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
dominica granulipennis
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Lesne in Beeson & Bhatia, 1937 from northern India (Uttarakhand, Chandi Randge) (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="7C5E6D9A01B423C6BAB5F3C633987854" author="Beeson, CF" journalOrPublisher="Indian Forest Records" pageId="21" pageNumber="90" pagination="223 - 320" title="On the biology of the Bostrychidae (Coleoptera)." volume="2" year="1937">Beeson and Bhatia 1937</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 283,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="FB8D8EBDA69CE4B85FE58D1250295686" author="Lesne, P" journalOrPublisher="Revue francaise d'Entomologie" pageId="30" pageNumber="99" pagination="145 - 151" title="Quelques remarques sur le Rhizoperthadominica F. [Col. Bostrychidae]." volume="8" year="1945">Lesne 1945</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 146, as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="262217F4ACBDA30AA5A29B22601E677B" class="Insecta" family="Bostrichidae" genus="Rhyzopertha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhyzopertha dominica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subspecies" species="dominica" subspecies="granulipennis">Rhyzopertha dominica granulipennis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) was overlooked in recent catalogues (cf.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="5FF99973181E0BD9E5BB7E9862F5C69B" author="Borowski, J" editor="Loebl, I" journalOrPublisher="Apollo Books, Stenstrup" pageId="22" pageNumber="91" pagination="320 - 328" title="Bostrichidae." volumeTitle="Catalogue of Palaearctic Coleoptera. Volume 4. Elateroidea - Derodontoidea - Bostrichoidea - Lymexyloidea - Cleroidea - Cucujoidea" year="2007">Borowski 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="868A260CC4F7BC00FDFF80E0F071DC08" author="Borowski, J" journalOrPublisher="Wydawnictwo Mantis, Olsztyn" pageId="22" pageNumber="91" title="World Catalogue of Bostrichidae (Coleoptera)." year="2007">
|
||||
Borowski and
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="8FFD3B8D48B0838429A265A46F69D943" originalValue="Węgrzynowicz">Wegrzynowicz</normalizedToken>
|
||||
2007
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="999F7BE464492A8A5311C66190038EA9" author="Ivie, MA" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="28" pageNumber="97" pagination="28 - 46" title="Additions and corrections to Borowski & Wegrzynowicz's world catalogue of Bostrichidae (Coleoptera)." volume="2498" year="2010">Ivie 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). In its original description - "A large form with exceptionally strongly developed granulation of the elytral declivity was bred from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9C9C672A17883ADAF5ABF3DF9F12A50A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Dipterocarpaceae" genus="Shorea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Shorea robusta" order="Malvales" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="robusta">Shorea robusta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
[(
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AAA04BC845639C1717948B6E98B45703" family="Dipterocarpaceae" lsidName="" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" rank="family">Dipterocarpaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
)] and labelled
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="81D455E640FE58F8EC0DF53763BBD429" class="Insecta" family="Bostrichidae" genus="Rhyzopertha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhyzopertha dominica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subspecies" species="dominica" subspecies="granulipennis">Rhyzopertha dominica granulipennis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by Lesne" (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="36106C7160CFAF28A12D71CAB0C70A32" author="Beeson, CF" journalOrPublisher="Indian Forest Records" pageId="21" pageNumber="90" pagination="223 - 320" title="On the biology of the Bostrychidae (Coleoptera)." volume="2" year="1937">Beeson and Bhatia 1937</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 283) - its rank is not unambiguously given, so, according to the Code (ICZN 1999, art. 45.6.4), it is an available subspecific name. Its authorship is here attributed to Lesne in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="ABE7E5EF42A5FA28765FAD70184C9159" author="Beeson, CF" journalOrPublisher="Indian Forest Records" pageId="21" pageNumber="90" pagination="223 - 320" title="On the biology of the Bostrychidae (Coleoptera)." volume="2" year="1937">Beeson and Bhatia (1937</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 283), since
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="1D69983C09FC19F1EAF899C578CCD5C9" author="Lesne, P" journalOrPublisher="Revue francaise d'Entomologie" pageId="30" pageNumber="99" pagination="145 - 151" title="Quelques remarques sur le Rhizoperthadominica F. [Col. Bostrychidae]." volume="8" year="1945">Lesne (1945</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 146) has reaffirmed the authorship of this name:
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="761C101E4AB751E848BA955E8960DAB5" originalValue="“J’ai">"J'ai</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="FAEACB6229D81F0FB14ED798D8DA667F" originalValue="donné">donne</normalizedToken>
|
||||
le nome de
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="74CCC4E22BD233464D0C1D632E618CB5" class="Insecta" family="Bostrichidae" genus="Rhyzopertha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhyzopertha dominica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subspecies" species="dominica" subspecies="granulipennis">Rhyzopertha dominica granulipennis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(1 [= footnote: Cf. Beeson et Bhatia,
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="0D3C0617E6ADBFB8F944D70C961D0ECA" originalValue="mémoire">memoire</normalizedToken>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="3DA57616CFA4FC4F7C01D4D642A5FA6D" originalValue="cité">cite</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, p. 283.])
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="10D2B35A91F17A05E06EDA44E3F0B76F" originalValue="à">a</normalizedToken>
|
||||
cette forme remarquable" [= I named
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C7D230F6D57BCD4864B16444E4AC6C94" class="Insecta" family="Bostrichidae" genus="Rhyzopertha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhyzopertha dominica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subspecies" species="dominica" subspecies="granulipennis">Rhyzopertha dominica granulipennis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(1 [= footnote: Cf. Beeson et Bhatia, memory cited, p. 283.]) this remarkable form]. Unfortunately, it was not possible to study the type material of this taxon, that, according to
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C8171F56B028DE8FB0EFCBE3DE98FE27" author="Lesne, P" journalOrPublisher="Revue francaise d'Entomologie" pageId="30" pageNumber="99" pagination="145 - 151" title="Quelques remarques sur le Rhizoperthadominica F. [Col. Bostrychidae]." volume="8" year="1945">Lesne (1945</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 146), is housed in the
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="D50CBF64CBA003EA3BB4FCC104BCD313" originalValue="Muséum">Museum</normalizedToken>
|
||||
National
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="157A63785C2C484CFAF603C7B64802E2" originalValue="d’Histoire">d'Histoire</normalizedToken>
|
||||
Naturelle of Paris (France) and in the Forest Research Institute of Derha Dun (India). However, on the basis of numerous specimens of this species from different territories (Nardi, unpublished data) which show a significant range of variability in the granulation of the elytral declivity, the following new synonymy, is here established:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1440492E75E858BC5B8A9767D2C76CA4" class="Insecta" family="Bostrichidae" form="granulipennis" genus="Rhizopertha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" infraspecific-rank="form" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhizopertha dominica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="form" species="dominica">Rhizopertha dominica form granulipennis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Lesne, in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C40C2CEED3C5544A843CC053776CF682" author="Beeson, CF" journalOrPublisher="Indian Forest Records" pageId="21" pageNumber="90" pagination="223 - 320" title="On the biology of the Bostrychidae (Coleoptera)." volume="2" year="1937">Beeson and Bhatia 1937</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: 283 =
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9C3C314CFA250AD36B57FE852643D784" class="Insecta" family="Bostrichidae" genus="Rhyzopertha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rhyzopertha dominica" order="Coleoptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="76" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dominica">Rhyzopertha dominica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Fabricius, 1792: 359), syn. n.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
121
data/97/25/EF/9725EF034428047191F0C82D55DF322B.xml
Normal file
121
data/97/25/EF/9725EF034428047191F0C82D55DF322B.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
|
|||
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||||
<mods:mods id="32F5E491F4773DD2A1E7EAD1A25EDE6C" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="6E852AF41B29EA7F8FC32451C801667C">
|
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<mods:title id="7A3C87C40BBA9E4023B305BE9BE379A4">Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part S)</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:name id="371FA43B99DD31C084BE5C2EC80D63F6" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="EFE4C3C67D3653B51987E54B068CC5CA">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="B6E328C6669348CA57A6B447557E5364">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="8ADB9A9905A8542D0D8A0E12067563FB">Jarvis, Charlie</mods:namePart>
|
||||
<mods:affiliation id="7612FBC127769D9BA3CB8E4E0F3D58AD">Department of Botany, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, UK</mods:affiliation>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
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<mods:typeOfResource id="DFEA2E2453786AFADADC6997E480B900">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:dateIssued id="DBE77B9F9C8674913E82DB46D97E2199">2007</mods:dateIssued>
|
||||
<mods:publisher id="7CF3CFCB6F4DEFFDF4C1B74257FCDB3B">Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum</mods:publisher>
|
||||
<mods:place id="D8870374C18544323FCBEA5974BF9507">
|
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<mods:placeTerm id="E2A5819929D0BA9146CA2A80799E8A5E">London</mods:placeTerm>
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</mods:place>
|
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</mods:originInfo>
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo id="71E10BDC339A6956B3ED6F4A05322124">
|
||||
<mods:title id="D0027F36D259CB8CBA411D0ABFCAE742">Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types</mods:title>
|
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</mods:titleInfo>
|
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<mods:part id="9BCC4B618539F3BEA0E3218A12DE9588">
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|
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|
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<mods:classification id="4A0EAB8D083BAF1CC57D2B4B3684852F">book chapter</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="EA830B690FF4383831D4FA6B7D63C245" type="DOI">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.291971</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="F26E06A7CE648AB469757B7A1BA63AD2" type="ISBN">978-0-9506207-7-0</mods:identifier>
|
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<mods:identifier id="B5D265CE4CA4ECEF4E0AB84AD36CA8A7" type="Zenodo-Dep">291971</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
|
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<treatment id="9725EF034428047191F0C82D55DF322B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4373927" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164016044" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4373927" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9725EF034428047191F0C82D55DF322B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9725EF034428047191F0C82D55DF322B" lastPageNumber="853" pageNumber="853">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="312FD57D6D2D9A91032298867338ED0D" pageNumber="853" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="185C13DB27F49B8820929C98C190EFE0" pageNumber="853">
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="18E914CCD1B24922AAB10A26313DEF2B" author="Linnaeus" pageNumber="19" year="1755">
|
||||
<bibCitation id="9C4B443BDECB1E88755D3EB99D926759" author="Linnaeus" pagination="19" title="Sinapis incana" volumeTitle="Centuria I Plantarum" year="1755">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9B5921637AA8FA3FD67E66465C2DB4DA" ID-CoL="895GV" authority="Linnaeus" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1755" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Sinapis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="incana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="FE48B2889E7B5E1EF7A1CEF0BF90AC1A" bold="true" pageNumber="853">Sinapis incana</emphasis>
|
||||
Linnaeus
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="AF930E55F954D43EFBCA3BB9B1FB1CEF" italics="true" pageNumber="853">
|
||||
<volumeTitle id="D87DFDDA2B46B926130BB8BC1BCE7D3F">Centuria I Plantarum</volumeTitle>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
: 19. 1755
|
||||
</bibCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="34DBBA8A4CB8D1FC0824F3DFEBD6CECD" pageNumber="853" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="21669224383E97C63DA3FF9D4133F4FA" pageNumber="853">"Habitat in Gallia, Lusitania, Hispania." RCN: 4871.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="ADB33F960FBBC113CD70826721382A52" pageNumber="853" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="105A6183F213CA2896E8D55406555F71" pageNumber="853">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="C1BA63901173146E140BDDFEC3CD5620">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="36B983A56185C888239B7A4810B169B4" originalValue="Gómez-Campo">Gomez-Campo</normalizedToken>
|
||||
in Cafferty & Jarvis in
|
||||
<emphasis id="A3FEFA5148F758D32115187525BCC5A7" italics="true" pageNumber="853">Taxon</emphasis>
|
||||
51: 535. 2002): [icon]
|
||||
<emphasis id="CD32078FCAD05538DFAD9EC289833B89" italics="true" pageNumber="853">"Erysimum brevissimis siliquis subincanum"</emphasis>
|
||||
in Hermann, Parad. Bat.: 155. 1698.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="3F8BF5833E61A8FAE3F6A3820B14DD07" pageNumber="853" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="3553225DEDDE2C6F1212EB67F5C7DE4C" pageNumber="853">
|
||||
Current name:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AFDE8EE57E60A83D8E022F420AB0173D" ID-CoL="3M43V" authority="(L.) Lagr." authorityName="Lagr." baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1755" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Hirschfeldia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="incana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6989CBE7ED71E2ACB3914EAF73D0C5DE" italics="true" pageNumber="853">
|
||||
<emphasis id="282591B717882687C853AD1649DC6FB7" bold="true" italics="true" pageNumber="853">Hirschfeldia incana</emphasis>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
(L.) Lagr.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
-Foss. (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="04F8EF85D8C3225E6A81DA7081F99955" authorityName="G.T.Burnett" authorityYear="1835" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Brassicaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="94CE2D25E749D3E6C711775ACFFD0055" pageNumber="853" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5C7A1F9B2816C9FB9719CDA488D613F5" pageNumber="853">
|
||||
<emphasis id="62A1DF04C7035C3E6D1C2D2232180376" italics="true" pageNumber="853">Note:</emphasis>
|
||||
Jafri (in
|
||||
<emphasis id="9EFD7762F18D694DDD0CCA89ABB60DA3" italics="true" pageNumber="853">Fl. Libya</emphasis>
|
||||
23
|
||||
<emphasis id="4D07AFD4131FD7FAE36F02679D7B90D7" italics="true" pageNumber="853">:</emphasis>
|
||||
27. 1977) designated
|
||||
<specimenReference id="8F5E22ECD1D59EF4CAD297C125490E81" collectionCode="LINN" specimenCode="845.16">
|
||||
Herb. Linn. No. 845.16 (
|
||||
<collectionCode id="D824CF5BEECFBDD032A08F71FD0E443A">LINN</collectionCode>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</specimenReference>
|
||||
as type, evidently unaware that the material is identifiable as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="DA242D27F7028FF475BDE0DCA7662B95" authority="(L.) Koch. The" authorityName="W. D. J. Koch" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1753" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Brassica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nigra">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C29F80A3310C2C2EE0AEBB7354D84634" italics="true" pageNumber="853">Brassica nigra</emphasis>
|
||||
(L.) Koch. The
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
other original element, however, the cited Hermann plate, does correspond with current usage. Although there are few characters in the protologue that allow the two taxa to be distinguished,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="BF950F079B1BBE7C81343236EF179CED" pageNumber="853" refId="references.r233">Linnaeus (1755: 20)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
did refer to "Folia canescentia", a character pointing strongly to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3A921D34094B0E0AB361A2CBBD2B6B15" authorityName="Lagr." baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1755" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Hirschfeldia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="incana">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CC0972C9E4D7E26F557568D1864BE95E" italics="true" pageNumber="853">H. incana</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
but not to
|
||||
<emphasis id="47C640FBA228F1016D2360ADC1A518DF" italics="true" pageNumber="853">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C9921F21DA08D6D4D5F8913AFC45C19A" authorityName="W. D. J. Koch" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1753" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Brassicaceae" genus="Brassica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Brassicales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nigra">B. nigra</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="CDA2D1DFC08DD278A5F18D705D50BD4D" originalValue="Gómez-Campo">Gomez-Campo</normalizedToken>
|
||||
therefore rejected
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="F5213E07A84F3208917425308FB052AC" originalValue="Jafri’s">Jafri's</normalizedToken>
|
||||
typification in favour of the Hermann plate, in accordance with Art. 9.17 (b), in order to preserve nomenclatural stability.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
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