diff --git a/data/03/B1/D8/03B1D824FF87FFB9E8D265E6CC29A81C.xml b/data/03/B1/D8/03B1D824FF87FFB9E8D265E6CC29A81C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2132ad5882b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/B1/D8/03B1D824FF87FFB9E8D265E6CC29A81C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,245 @@ + + + +Eucheumatopsis sanibelensis sp. nov. from the Gulf coast of Florida, USA + + + +Author + +Peterson, Elias S. +0000-0003-1668-9394 +Department of Biology, Trinity College, Hartford, CT 06106, USA +eliaspeterson@fas.harvard.edu + + + +Author + +Schneider, Craig W. +0000-0003-0506-3791 +Department of Biology, Trinity College, Hartford, CT 06106, USA +cschneid@trincoll.edu + + + +Author + +Saunders, Gary W. +0000-0003-4813-6831 +Centre for Environmental and Molecular Algal Research, Department of Biology, University of New Brunswick, Fredericton, NB E 3 B 5 A 3, Canada +gws@unb.ca + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2020 + +2020-04-28 + + +440 + + +3 + + +215 +224 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.440.3.3 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.440.3.3 +1179-3163 +13872337 + + + + + + + +Eucheumatopsis sanibelensis +E.S.Peterson, C.W.Schneider +et +G.W.Saunders + +, + +sp. nov. + +( +Figs 2–4 +) + + + + + + +Description +: Plants rosy-red, saxicolous, with cartilaginous, terete to compressed axes to +24 cm +tall, attached by discoid holdfasts; axes not percurrent, slender to greatly thickened, gradually tapering from base to apex, +1–3 mm +diam. prior to first branches, alternately to irregularly branched, typically from four to seven orders, occasionally sub-pinnate or secund, with or without adventitious branches, ultimate spine-like branches lacking ( +Fig. 2 +); branches basally constricted or tapering to the bases, apices acute, some slightly curved; medulla composed of densely tangled filaments, 2–7 µm diam., giving rise to the radially organized inner cortex of 3–4 layers; innermost cortex composed of hyaline, stellate, non-pigmented, thick-walled cells, 68–170 µm in diam. and 92–200 µm long, middle cortex of cells 26–50 µm in diam. and 25–53 µm long, tapering to the outer cortex of 1–2 layers of densely pigmented, elongate cells 2–7 µm in diam. and 6–16 µm long ( +Figs 3, 4 +); tetrasporangia and gametangia unknown. + + + + +Diagnosis +: Differing from congener + +Eucheumatopsis isiformis + +in its overall size, the lack of ultimate spine-like branches, the total number of cortical cell layers, the size of inner and outer cortical cells, and density of the medullary filaments. Differing from the similar + +Agardhiella subulata + +in its greater orders of branching and smaller outer cortical cell diameter.As these two species have overlapping morphologies ( +Table 2 +) and distributional ranges, the new species remains best differentiated by its genetic markers. + + + + + + +Holotype + +: +FLORIDA +, +USA +– + +Craig +W +. +Schneider +(CWS) + +13-4-1 [ +FL009 +], + +19 Mar. 2013 + +, +Lee Co. +, lighthouse at eastern end of +Sanibel +I +., 26˚27’15.92 + +” +N +, 82˚00’57.55” +W +, vic. fishing pier in drift with + +Sargassum + +[deposited in + +UNB +, +GenBank +COI-5 +P +– +MN941986 +, +LSU +– +MN941976 +, +rbc +L +– +MN941997 +] ( +Fig. 2 +) + +; +Isotypes +deposited in + +MICH +, +NY +, +US +, +Herb. +CWS + +. + + +Additional collections +: + +FLORIDA, +USA +– +CWS +15-1-7 [FL 033, 034], + +19 Mar. 2015 + +, +loc. cit., +26˚27’15.37” +N +, 82˚00’53.09” +W +, in drift + +; + +CWS +16-2-4b [ +FL 042 +] + +15 Mar. 2016 + +, +loc. cit +., 26˚26’59.46” +N +, 82˚01’03.48” +W +, in drift. + +Etymology + +: +Named +for the nearshore +Sanibel Island +where it has been collected on the +Gulf of Mexico +coast of +Florida +in the +western Atlantic Ocean + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/E0/87/03E087F2FFC3FFAC3099FF07FB5FF828.xml b/data/03/E0/87/03E087F2FFC3FFAC3099FF07FB5FF828.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..661dea51ad6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/E0/87/03E087F2FFC3FFAC3099FF07FB5FF828.xml @@ -0,0 +1,509 @@ + + + +Scleroderma venenatum sp. nov., S. venenatum var. macrosporum var. nov. and S. suthepense new to China + + + +Author + +Zhang, Yi-Zhe +0000-0001-7300-2400 +National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China +zyz97@263.net + + + +Author + +Sun, Cheng-Ye +0000-0003-2657-6764 +National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China +suncy@chinacdc.cn + + + +Author + +Sun, Jian +0000-0002-2545-2076 +National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China +2019652@163.com + + + +Author + +Zhang, Kai-Ping +National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China & Institute of Microbiology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China + + + +Author + +Zhang, Hong-Shun +0000-0002-0538-247X +National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China +lswlpd@yeah.net + + + +Author + +Guo, Xiang +0000-0001-9794-7871 +Shenzhen Prevention and Treatment Center for Occupational Disease, Shenzhen 518020, China +flight027@126.com + + + +Author + +Zhou, Ya-Juan +0000-0002-2328-1904 +Guizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guiyang 550004, China +1131011922@qq.com + + + +Author + +Zheng, De-Sheng +0000-0003-2666-8255 +Miyun Disease for Control and Prevention Center, Beijing 101500, China +zhengds888@sohu.com + + + +Author + +Li, Hai-Jiao +0000-0002-7227-4479 +National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China +lihaijiao715@126.com + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2020 + +2020-04-06 + + +438 + + +2 + + +107 +118 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.438.2.4 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.438.2.4 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Scleroderma venenatum +Y.Z. Zhang, C.Y. Sun & Hai J. Li + +, + +sp. nov. + +( +Figs. 3 +, +5b +and +6c +) + + +MycoBank: MB826961 + + + +Diagnosis +:—Basidiome sessile, opening through an irregular, lacerate apical pore. Peridium thin, consisting of two layered, brown to greyish brown, surface with scattered, small and thin scales. Presence of moniliform hyphae in gleba and middle size basidiospores, 9–13μm diam, with dense narrow pyramidal warts. + + + + +Holotype + +:— +CHINA +. +Guizhou Province +, +Qiandongnan Miao +and +Dong Autonomous Prefecture +, +Huangping County +, +Xinzhou Town +, +Taiweng Village +, on ground of + +Pseudostellaria heterophylla + +, + +31 May 2017 + +, +GZ170619-01 +. + + + +Etymology +:— + +venenatum +(Lat.) + +refers to the poisonous basidiomes. + + +Basidiome. +Basidiome epigeous, globose to subglobose, +0.8–3.5 cm +in diam., sessile, rhizomorphs well developed, white to cream, ca. +0.5−1.2 cm +height. Peridium +0.4–0.7 mm +thick when fresh, leathery, surface with scattered, small and thin scales, brown to greyish brown, consisting of two layers. The outer layer consists of thick-walled, yellowish to yellowish brown hyphae, simple septa, 3–6 µm in diam. ( + +Fig. +3g + +). The inner layer consists of thick-walled, hyaline, branched hyphae with simple septa, absence of clamp connections, 4–10 µm in diam. ( +Fig. 3f +). Dehiscence by an irregular, lacerate apical pore. Gleba dark greyish brown, dark grey to back and pulverulent when mature, composed of hyaline hyphae, 3−5 µm in diam. ( +Fig. 3e +), with branched and moniliform hyphae ( +Fig. 3c +), occasionally swollen up to 8 µm ( +Fig. 3d +). Basidia not observed. Basidiospores golden yellowish to yellowish brown in water or KOH, mostly globose, rarely subglobose, IKI−, 9–13 μm in diam. (n = 60/2) including ornamentation ( +Figs. 3b +, +5b +and +6c +), echinulated, covered with dense narrow pyramidal warts, spine 1–2.5 μm in length and 1–2 μm thick at the base. + + +Additional specimen examined. +CHINA +. +Beijing +, Miyun District, Jugezhuang Town, Dongkanggezhuang Village, on angiosperm ground, +01 August 2017 +, +MY20170801-01 +. + + + +Remarks. +Scleroderma venenatum + +is characterized by its globose to subglobose, sessile basidiome, with white to cream, well developed rhizomorphs, thin, two layered peridium, brown to greyish brown surface with scattered, small and thin scales, presence of moniliform hyphae in gleba and middle size basidiospores with dense narrow pyramidal warts. + +Scleroderma verrucosum + +shares thin peridium with small scales on the surface and similar echinulate basidiospores (8–11 μm) with + +S. venenatum + +, but can easily differ from the latter species by its brown to pale yellowish peridium surface and well-developed pseudostipe ( +Li 2003 +; +Liu 2005 +; + +Li +et al +. 2015 + +). + + + +FIGURE 3. + +Scleroderma venenatum + +(from the holotype). a. Basidiomata. b. Basidiospores. c. Moniliform hyphae from gleba. d. Swollen hyphae from gleba. e. Hyphae from gleba with simple septa. f. Hyphae from inner peridial layer. g. Hyphae from outer peridial layer. (scale bars: a = 1 cm, b–g = 10 μm). + + + + + +Scleroderma venenatum +var. +macrosporum + +Y.Z. Zhang, C.Y. Sun & Hai J. Li + +, + +var. nov. + +( +Figs. 4 +, +5c +and +6b +) MycoBank: MB826962 + + +Diagnosis +:—Compared with + +S. venenatum +var. +venenatum + +, + +S. venenatum +var. +macrosporum + +has distinctly smaller basidiome, +0.5–1.4 cm +in diam., larger basidiospores, 12–16 μm, and clamped connections occasionally present in the inner layer of the peridium. + + + + +Holotype + +:— +CHINA +. +Yunnan Province +, +Lincang +, +Qi Mount +, alt. + +1630 m + +, +23°54′16″ N +, +100°04′26″ E +, on ground of + +Delonix regia + +, + +29 August 2015 + +, +Li 150829-04 +. + + + +Etymology. macrosporum +(Lat.) refers to the lager basidiospores compared to + +S. venenatum + +. + + +Basidiome. +Basidiome epigeous, globose to subglobose, +0.5–1.4 cm +in diam., sessile, rhizomorphs well developed, white to cream, ca. +0.5–0.8 cm +length. Peridium +0.2–0.3 mm +thick when fresh, leathery, surface with scattered, small and thin scales, brown to greyish brown, consisting of two layers. The outer layer consists of thick-walled to subsolid, yellowish to golden hyphae, simple septa, 3–7 µm in diam ( +Fig. 4f +). The inner layer consists of thick-walled, hyaline, frequently branched hyphae mostly with simple septa and rarely with clamp connections, 3–6 µm in diam. and occasionally swollen up to 10 µm ( +Fig. 4e +). Dehiscence by an irregular, lacerate apical pore. Gleba ash grey, grey to dark grey and pulverulent when mature, composed of hyaline, thin- to slightly thick-walled and frequently branched hyphae with simple septa, 3.5–6 µm in diam. ( +Fig. 4c +), branched and moniliform hyphae also present ( +Fig. 4d +). Basidia not observed. Basidiospores golden yellowish to yellowish brown in water or KOH, mostly globose, rarely subglobose, IKI−, 12–16 (–17) μm in diam. (n = 90/3) including ornamentation ( +Figs. 4b +, +5c +and +6b +), echinulated, covered with dense narrow pyramidal warts, spine 1–3 μm in length and 1–2.5 μm thick at the base. + + +Additional specimens examined. +CHINA +. +Yunnan Province +, Honghe, Mile County, Miyang Town, Weihu Village, Sanqidi Mountain, alt. +1790m +, +24°23′17″ N +, +103°32′47″ E +,on angiosperm ground, +08August 2016 +, +MLMY20160808009 +& +MLMY20160808016 +. + + + +FIGURE 4. + +Scleroderma venenatum +var. +macrosporum + +(from the holotype). a. Basidiomata. b. Basidiospores. c. Hyphae from gleba with simple septa. d. Moniliform hyphae from gleba. e. Hyphae from inner peridial layer mostly with simple septa and rarely with clamp connections. f. Hyphae from outer peridial layer. (scale bar: a = 1 cm, b–e = 10 μm). + + + + +FIGURE 5. +Basidiospores of + +Scleroderma +spp. + +(drawn by Hai-Jiao Li). a. Basidiospores of + +Scleroderma suthepense + +. b. Basidiospores of + +S. venenatum +var. +venenatum + +(drawn from the holotype). c. Basidiospores of + +S. venenatum +var. +macrosporum + +drawn from the holotype). (scale bar = 10 μm) + + + + +FIGURE 6. +SEM photos of + +Scleroderma + +basidiospores. a. Basidiospores of + +Scleroderma suthepense + +. b. Basidiospores of + +S. venenatum +var. +macrosporum + +(from the holotype). c. Basidiospores of + +S. venenatum +var. +venenatum + +(from the holotype, scale bar = 5 μm). + + + +Remarks. +Morphologically, + +Scleroderma venenatum +var. +macrosporum + +is similar to + +S. venenatum +var. +venenatum + +, but the former species has small basidiome ( +0.5–1.4 cm +in diam.), distinctly larger basidiospores (12–16 μm VS 9–13 μm), and clamp connections occasionally present in the inner layer of the peridium. Based on the surface characteristics of basidiospores, + +S. venenatum + +belongs to + +Scleroderma +sect. +Scleroderma +( + +Guzmán +et al. +2013 + +) + +. No clamp connections were observed in + +S. venenatum +var. +venenatum + +and most parts of + +S. venenatum +var. +macrosporum + +. It was interesting that few clamp connections were discovered in the inner layer of the peridium from the latter species. + +Scleroderma areolatum + +also has sessle basidiome, similar echinulated basidiospores (11–17 μm) with dense narrow pyramidal warts up to 2.8 μm in length, its’ larger basidiome ( +1–4 cm +length), brownish violet to dark olivaceous with abundant yellowish trama veins gleba can easily differentiate from + +S. venenatum +var. +venenatum +( +Liu 2005 +) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/41/17/E9/4117E93FFFA37838FF246547FD0118A3.xml b/data/41/17/E9/4117E93FFFA37838FF246547FD0118A3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..b47d03c64b6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/41/17/E9/4117E93FFFA37838FF246547FD0118A3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,542 @@ + + + +A new species of Biophytum (Oxalidaceae) from the Western Ghats (Kerala, India) + + + +Author + +Daniel, Jisha +0000-0003-3171-9870 +Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Palode, Karimankode P. O., Thiruvananthapuram district, Kerala- 695562, India +jishadaniel163@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Kumar, Ettickal Sukumaran Santhosh +0000-0003-2677-535X +Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Palode, Karimankode P. O., Thiruvananthapuram district, Kerala- 695562, India +santhoshkumares@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Decruse, Sabarimuthan William +0000-0003-0319-7286 +Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Palode, Karimankode P. O., Thiruvananthapuram district, Kerala- 695562, India +willdic@rediffmail.com + + + +Author + +Rajendraprasad, Madhavan +0000-0003-0073-9983 +Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Palode, Karimankode P. O., Thiruvananthapuram district, Kerala- 695562, India +rajendraprasadvkm@gmail.com + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2020 + +2020-04-02 + + +438 + + +1 + + +49 +52 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.438.1.6 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.438.1.6 +1179-3163 + + + + + + +Biophytum agasthyamalayanum +Jisha, E.S.S.Kumar, Decruse & Rajendraprasad + +, + +sp. nov +. + +( +Fig. 1 +). + + + + + +Type +:— + +INDIA +. +Kerala +. +Thiruvananthapuram district +, +Agasthyamala Biosphere Reserve +, +Pongalappara +, + + +1442 m + +, + +16 May 2018 + +(with flowers), + +M +. Rajendraprasad & +S +. William Decruse 92501 + +( +holotype +TBGT +!; +isotype +MH +!) + + + + + +FIGURE 1. + +Biophytum agasthyamalayanum +Jisha, E.S.S.Kumar, Decruse & Rajendraprasad + +, + +sp. nov +. + +(A & B) Habit; (B1) Node with retrorse hairs; (C) Leaflets-abaxial view; (D) Median leaflet; (E) Terminal leaflet; (F) Bract; (G) Flower; (H) Sepal; (I) Corolla; (J) Long stamen; (K) Short stamen; (L) Pistil; (M) Style and stigma. [Photographs by +E. S. Santhosh Kumar & Jisha Daniel +]. + + + + +Diagnosis:— + +Biophytum agasthyamalayanum + +is similar to + +B. intermedium +Wight (1840: 162) + +but differs by the dwarf and slender stems with hard stipules ( +vs +robust stems with soft stipules), the nodes swollen with long hairs ( +vs +flattened nodes with short hairs), the smaller leaves, the sparsely strigose leaflets of which the terminal one is obliquely obovate ( +vs +glabrous leaflets, the terminal one broadly obovate), the lanceolate bracts ( +vs +narrowly ovate), and the strigose sepals ( +vs +glandular hairy). The new species is also similar to + +B. nudum +( +Arnott 1836: 326 +) +Wight (1840: 161) + +, from which it differs on account of the shorter stem, the smaller leaves and leaflets, the obliquely obovate terminal leaflets, the presence of glandular trichomes on peduncles and pedicels, and the stamens +3–4 mm +long; whereas + +B. nudum + +is characterized by fairly longer stems, larger leaves and leaflets, broadly ovate terminal leaflets, appressed pubescent trichomes on peduncles, glabrous pedicels, and also by shorter stamens (up to +2 mm +). See +Table 1 +for further details. + + + + +TABLE 1. +Morphological comparison of + +Biophytum agasthyamalayanum + +with similar species. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+ +B. intermedium + + + +B. nudum + + + +B. agasthyamalayanum + +
Plant height Leaf length Leaflet number Middle leaflet size Terminal leaflet shape Leaflet hairiness60–120 cm 5–10 cm 10–25 pairs 3–12 × 3–7 mm Broadly ovate Glabrous15–80 cm 2–9 cm 10–22 pairs 4–12 × 2–4 mm Broadly ovate Pubescent with long white30–50 cm 1.5–4.5 cm 8–20 pairs 2–5.5 × 1–2.5 mm Obliquely obovate Sparsely strigose
hairs
Peduncle length Peduncle indumentum3.5–5.5 cm long Densely glandular pubescent3.5–12 cm long Appressed pubescent3–8 cm long Appressed pubescent with scattered
Bract shape Flower number Pedicel length Pedicel hairiness Sepal hairiness Longest stamen lengthNarrowly ovate 10–20 4–6 mm long Densely glandular pubescent Glandular hairy 2.5–3.5 mm longLanceolate 6–10 3–5 mm long Glabrous Strigosely hairy 2 mm longglandular trichomes Lanceolate 4–6 3–4 mm long, Glandular hairy Strigosely hairy 3–4 mm long
+ + + +Description:— +Perennial +herb +, creeping and rooting from the lower nodes. +Stem +slender, dichotomously or trichotomously branched, +30–50 cm +long, with nodes swollen and tomentose, with stiff hairs; stipules hard and deciduous. +Leaves +15–20, jugate, +1.7–5 cm +long, rachis winged, strigose; leaflets overlapping, 2–5.5 × +1–2.5 mm +long, the terminal one obovate, oblique, with eccentric midrib; the others oblong, with truncate base, eccentric midrib, rounded and apiculate apex, glabrous above and sparsely strigosely beneath, with ciliate margins; lateral nerves in 8–14 pairs, oblique to midrib, inconspicuous. +Inflorescence +a terminal solitary umbel. Peduncle +3–8 cm +long, strigose. +Bracts +lanceolate, +1–2 mm +long, strigose, eglandular. +Pedicels +3–4 mm +long, glandular. +Flowers +4–6 per inflorescence, short styled. Sepals lanceolate or narrowly lanceolate, 4–4.5 × +1–1.5 mm +long, half as long as corolla, 5–7 nerved, strigose outside, glabrous within. Petals oblanceolate, 10–12 × +1.8–2 mm +, retuse, yellow, 5–7 veined. Stamens 10, the shortest ones +2–3 mm +long, glabrous; the others +3–4 mm +long, puberulous. Ovary ovoid, 0.8–1 × +1 mm +long, apically pubescent; style +0.2–0.3 mm +long; stigma crenate-bifid. +Fruits +early caducous. + + + + +Etymology:— +The new species is named after its +type +locality, i. e. Agasthyamala Biosphere Reserve in +Kerala +. + + + + +Distribution, habitat and phenology:— + +Biophytum agasthyamalayanum + +is known only from the +type +locality, at +1400–1450 m +of elevation. It grows in open areas of the montane forests, particularly on rocky cliffs, with a very limited number of individuals. Each plant spreads over an area of nearly +1–2 m +2 +and produces only +one type +of flowers (only the short styled form (SF) has been observed). + +Biophytum intermedium + +and + +B. nudum + +are also reported from the Agasthyamala Biosphere Reserve, but they are not sympatric with the new taxon. The most common associated species are + +Zenkeria sebastinei +Henry & Chandrab (1976: 142) + +, + +Euphorbia santapaui +Henry (1965: 329) + +, + +Ischaemum timorense +Kunth (1835:369) + +, + +Osbeckia travancorica +Bedd. ex +Gamble (1919: 404) + +, etc. Flowering occurs from May to December. Fruits not seen. + + +Conservation status:— +It is known only a single population, with about 20 mature individuals, occupying an area of less than +2 km +2 +. The seedlings are very few and prone to severe grazing and repeated fire. Following the IUCN Redlist criteria ( +IUCN 2001 +), + +B. agasthyamalayanum + +is assessed as Critically Endangered (CR) in the category [B2a, b(v)]. + + +Selected specimen examined:— + +Biophytum agasthyamalayanum +: + +INDIA +. +Kerala +. Thiruvananthapuram district, JNTBGRI Garden (introduced from Pongalappara), +26 June 2019 +(with flowers), +Jisha 92508 +( +Paratype +, TBGT!). + + + +Biophytum intermedium + +: + +INDIA +. +Kerala +: +Thiruvananthapuram district +, +Pandipathu +, + +24 November 1998 + +, + +E +. +S +. +Santhoshkumar +39227 + +( +TBGT +!) + +; + +SRI LANKA +.s.loc., s.d., + +G +. +H +. +Walker +259 + +(K-image!). + +B.intermedium +var. +pulneyense + +: +INDIA +. +Kerala +: +Thiruvananthapuram district +, +TBGRI +Garden +, + +100 m + +, + +28 October 1994 + +, + +E +. +S +. +Santhoshkumar + +17395 ( +TBGT +!) + +; + +INDIA +. s.loc., + +September 1836 + +, +s.coll. +302 (K-image!). + +B. nudum +: + +INDIA +. +Kerala +: +Thiruvananthapuram district +, +Agasthyamalai +, + +28 May 2010 + +, + +Raju Antony +60980 + +( +TBGT +!) + +; + +Bonaccord +, + +04 February 2016 + +, + +Usha +& +Deepthy +84583 + +( +TBGT +!). +SRI LANKA +. s.loc., 1829, +s.coll., s.n. +(K-image!) + +; + +ibid +., + +01 January 1838 + +, + +G +. +H +. +Thwaites +06 + +( +Pimage +!) + +; + +ibid., +s.d., + +G +. +H +. +Walker +s.n. + +(E-image!) + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/95/2C/87/952C87870167FFC082F2F942FABDE9F9.xml b/data/95/2C/87/952C87870167FFC082F2F942FABDE9F9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..000a205e97e --- /dev/null +++ b/data/95/2C/87/952C87870167FFC082F2F942FABDE9F9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,169 @@ + + + +Salacia frutiplatensis (Celastraceae, Salacioideae), a new species of the coastal sand dunes of Los Tuxtlas, Veracruz, Mexico + + + +Author + +Castillo-Campos, Gonzalo +0000-0002-3059-8109 +gonzalo.castillo@inecol.mx + + + +Author + +Palacios-Wassenaar, Olivia M. +0000-0002-5978-6541 +olivia.palacios@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Martínez, M. Luisa +0000-0002-4469-5284 +marisa.martinez@inecol.mx + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2020 + +2020-04-28 + + +440 + + +3 + + +186 +192 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.440.3.1 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.440.3.1 +1179-3163 +13872291 + + + + + + +Salacia frutiplatensis +Cast. + +-Campos, + +sp. nov. + +( +Figs. 2 +, +3 +). + + + + + + +Type +:— +MEXICO +. +Veracruz +: +Municipality of Catemaco +, +SE of Capulteolt +, 18°33’8.698”, 94°57’55.056”, + +15 m + +, + +3 July 2019 + +, + +G. Castillo-Campos +& +O. Palacios-Wassenaar +29785 + +( +holotype +XAL!; +isotypes +ENCB +!, MEXU!) + +. + + + +Salacia frutiplatensis + +shows traits similar to those of + +S. elliptica +, +S. cordata + +, and + +S. impressifolia + +, but differs in that it never displays a lianous habit, the conic and larger extra-staminal disk, the thicker pericarp, and the greater number of seeds. + + +Tree measuring +3–7 m +high; stem +10–30.5 cm +in diameter at the base, extensively branched near the base; young branches green, brown when mature; bark lenticular, with longitudinal grooves on branches of previous years, scars of flower insertion remaining; wood very hard, crown rounded, leaves larger in the interior and smaller on the exterior of the crown of the tree. Leaves opposite, simple, elliptical, ovate, 9–33 × +5.2–13.7 cm +, coriaceous, glabrous; margin entire, thick, slightly revolute; apex acute, sparsely apiculate, commonly rounded, sometimes barely emarginate; base obtuse, rarely oblique; midvein anastomosed, 6–11 pairs of primary veins; adaxial side lustrous, intense green when fresh, green-yellowish to slightly brown when dry, midvein imprinted; abaxial side light green when fresh, green to slightly brown when dry, midvein and petiole venation prominent; petiole cylindrical, usually curved, 12–21 × +3–5 mm +, slightly grooved adaxially, transversally corrugated abaxially, ribbed longitudinally; stipules axillary, free, deciduous, reddish-brown, triangular, 3 × +4 mm +. Flowers brown (not seen when fresh, only dry on branches), cauline, fasciculate, pedicels 4–7.2 × +0.4–0.6 mm +; sepals 5, imbricate, semicircular, 2–2.8 × +2.6–3 mm +, apex rounded, margin ciliate; petals 5, widely obconical, imbricate towards the base, 4–5.8 × +4–5.2 mm +thick; margin thick, revolute; disk conical, 3-ribbed, +3–3.6 mm +in diameter, style 1.2 × +0.8 mm +, stigma apiculate; stamens 3, attached to the disk, filament triangular, 1–1.4 × +0.4 mm +, anther yellowish, extrorse, bilocular, 0.6 × +0.8 mm +. Fruit amphisarca, one per inflorescence, coriaceous, indehiscent, silver-green when fresh, yellowish when mature, brown to black when dry, slightly grayish, subspherical, sparsely rugose, briefly 3-ribbed toward the base, 7.5–11.8 × +5.2–8.8 cm +, 3-locular; apex punctiform, verrucous; base thick, verrucous; pericarp coriaceous, orange when fresh, +6–10 mm +thick; pedicel woody, 5–10 × +12–14 mm +or sessile. Seeds 14–16(–19) per fruit, 4–6(–7) per locule, brown, amorphous, 2–3.3 × +1.2–1.7 cm +; cuticle reticulate, coated by an abundant mucilaginous aril; embryo whitish. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/DA/6E/87/DA6E8786FFB1FFA9A1E36751FB09FE88.xml b/data/DA/6E/87/DA6E8786FFB1FFA9A1E36751FB09FE88.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3038ef4ac35 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/DA/6E/87/DA6E8786FFB1FFA9A1E36751FB09FE88.xml @@ -0,0 +1,328 @@ + + + +Nitella singaporensis (Charophyceae, Charales): new species and implications for the taxonomy of the genus Nitella + + + +Author + +Romanov, Roman E. +0000-0002-6137-3586 +Komarov Botanical Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 2, Prof. Popov str., St. Petersburg, 197376, Russia & Institute for Water and Environmental Problems, Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 1, Molodezhnaya str., Barnaul, 656038, Russia +romanov_r_e@ngs.ru + + + +Author + +Nikulin, Vyacheslav Yu. +0000-0002-6643-4325 +Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, Stoletiya Vladivostoka Ave., Vladivostok, 690022, Russia +nikulinvyacheslav@gmail.com + + + +Author + +Yeo, Regina S. W. +0000-0001-9284-7804 +Graduate School of Integrated Sciences for Life, Hiroshima University, 1 - 4 - 4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, 739 - 8528, Japan +sequoiadendron27@yahoo.com + + + +Author + +Ho, Boon-Chuan +0000-0003-0530-775X +Singapore Botanic Gardens, National Parks Board, 1 Cluny Road, Singapore, 259569, Republic of Singapore +HO_Boon_Chuan@nparks.gov.sg + + + +Author + +Gontcharov, Andrey A. +0000-0003-2918-730X +Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity, Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 159, Stoletiya Vladivostoka Ave., Vladivostok, 690022, Russia +gontcharov@biosoil.ru + +text + + +Phytotaxa + + +2020 + +2020-04-06 + + +438 + + +2 + + +80 +94 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.438.2.2 + +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.438.2.2 +1179-3163 +13872382 + + + + + + +Nitella singaporensis +R.E. Romanov, R.S.W. Yeo, B.C. Ho, V.Yu. Nikulin & A.A. Gontcharov + + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +Type: +— +SINGAPORE +, Upper Pierce Reservoir Forest. Freshwater, edge of the Upper Pierce Reservoir, depth of c. +40 cm +, +05-IV-2018 +, + +Ho, +B +. +C +., Yong, +K +. +T +., Liew, D. & Aung Thame +SING +2018-407 + +(holo – +SING +, iso – +LE +). +Paratype +: +ibid. +, +04-VI-2018 +, + +Yeo, +R +. +S +. +W +. & Ho, +B +. +C +. 18-071 + +( +SING +, +LE +also in spirit). Det. + +R +. Romanov + +. ( +Fig. 1 +). + + +Description:—The plants monoecious, multiaxial from the base ( +Fig. 1, 2 +), transparent, brilliantly green, not encrusted, +6.5–11 cm +in height, with mucilage at the apices ( +Figs. 5, 8, 12–16 +) and rhizoids originating from lowest stem nodes. The mucilage covers both the branchlets and stem. Obvious heads are not formed although subtle condensation of uppermost whorls can be noted ( +Fig. 5 +). The stem is slender, 270–420 μm in diameter. The internodes slightly shorter, longer (up to 1.5 times) or nearly equal to the branchlets in upper parts and 1–1.5(–2)-times longer in lower ones ( +Figs. 1, 2 +, +5–7 +). + + + +FIGURE 1–4. +General appearance and whorl and branchlet of + +Nitella singaporensis + +: 1—pressed and dried material (holotype: SING); 2—pressed and dried material (isotype: LE); 3—reconstruction of general habit of branchlet whorl (view from above) from the photo of ethanol-fixed specimen (isotype: LE) showing mean of terms used for branchlet description: 1—primary ray, 2—lateral secondary ray, 3—central secondary ray, 4—lateral tertiary ray, 5—central tertiary ray, 6—dactyls, yellow—lateral secondary segments, green—central secondary segment, blue—central tertiary segment, orange—lateral tertiary segment; 4—fertile branchlet of rewetted herbarium specimen showing oogonia arrangement (isotype: LE). Scale: 1 mm. Scale: 2—1 cm, 4—1 mm. Photo 1 by D. Liew, drawing and other photos by R. Romanov. + + + + +FIGURES 5–19. +The whorls and branchlets of + +Nitella singaporensis + +(all from isotype: LE): 5—apical part with mucilage recognised because of adhering of fine particles at its surface; 5–7—whorls of branchlets, showing long primary ray; 8–18—branchlets, showing variability in length of central secondary ray, from moderately elongated, i.e. exceeding the length of lateral secondary rays with their dactyls (8 & 9), nearly equal with them (10, 12, 14), to abbreviated, i.e. clearly shorter than lateral second segments (19), mainly spreading (8–16) or adpressed to the central one, resulting in last case in tassel-like general appearance of the branchlet (19); 8, 12, 15, 16—fine particles adhered to the surface of a branchlet, indicating presence of a mucilage at its surface; actually they are outlining the mucilage patches; 9—central secondary ray without furcation, appearing as long robust dactyl (arrowheads); 10 & 11—branchlets with central tertiary ray (arrowheads); 11—branchlet with central secondary ray with furcation (double arrowhead), producing central tertiary ray with 3 dactyls (arrowhead); 12—dactyls at the furcation at the top of central secondary ray (arrowhead); 13—central tertiary ray (arrowhead) at lateral secondary ray; 17—unfurcated lateral secondary rays (arrowheads), central secondary ray at the branchlet below is not clearly visible because of artificial deformation at its base. Scale: 5–11—2 mm, 12–17—1 mm, 18 & 19—0.5 mm. All photos by R. Romanov. + + + + +FIGURES 20–31. + +Nitella singaporensis + +from Singapore (isotype: LE), + +N. gracilis + +from Sicily (LE): 20 & 21—abbreviated central second segment (arrowhead), looking as an additional branchlet at first furcation; 21—rare case of 8 lateral secondary rays; 22—end parts of a branchlet with clearly visible central secondary ray (arrowhead); 23–25—2-celled dactyls, some of them appearing 1-celled after loss of end cell during storage in living state in the laboratory; 26—gametangia, [arrowhead—shortly stipitate antheridia, double arrowhead— production of antheridium in penultimate not end furcation], 27—oospore surface in LM, appearing as unclear reticulations, 28–30—stem nodes with easily visible nodal cell extruding from the base of branchlets below the whorl, resulting in nodal bulbil formation (30), 31—stem node of + +N. gracilis + +with nodal cell extruding from the base of branchlets and situated around it. Scale: 20–22—0.5 mm, 23–26, 28–31—0.2 mm, 27—20 μm. All photos by R. Romanov, except 26 by R.S.W. Yeo. + + + +The notable cells are visible at the lowest stem nodes. They are formed in double number in comparison with branchlet ones ( +Figs. 28–30 +). They are merely result of the protrusion of nodal cells at the base of a branchlet in all directions because of node enlargement which is culminating in nodal bulbil formation at the lowest part of the thallus ( +Fig. 30 +). The bulbils are up to 1.04 × +0.74 mm +. + + +The sterile and fertile branchlets are similar in principal arrangement, but the former usually are longer and have more lax appearance in contrast with the more or less and finally clearly abbreviated secondary and tertiary rays of fertile branchlets. This results in the compact habit of terminal branchlet parts. The sterile branchlets are situated in the lower part of a plant. The branchlets are arranged in uniform whorls of 6 or 8, rarely 7, +3.4–13.2 mm +long, macrodactylous, 2–3-times furcate but never 1- or 4-furcated ( +Figs. 3 +, +7–22 +). The primary ray is +1.92–6.61 mm +long, 86–172 μm across. The longest is ca. ½ of branchlet length or usually slightly longer at lower parts but increasing in relative length towards apex from ca. ½ to 3/5 and 2/3, i.e. 0.37–0.74 of total branchlet length. + + +The lateral secondary rays are mainly 5 and 6, but 4, 7 and even 8 occur exceptionally. +A +central secondary ray is also present ( +Figs. 7–22 +). The lateral secondary segments are commonly once-forked ( +Figs. 9, 14, 16 +, +21 +), but may also be 1–2-times forked ( +Fig. 12, 15 +, +22 +). One or even 3 lateral secondary rays can be unforked as exceptions ( +Fig. 17 +, arrowheads). In case of single furcation, (4–)5(–6) equal dactyls (in other words, end lateral tertiary rays) surrounding 0 or 1 central dactyl are produced. In case of 2-times furcation, which usually does not form in all lateral secondary segments on the same branchlet (0–4 among 4–7 ones), two variants of third (distal) furcation are possible within the same branchlet. In the first variant, which is more common, there is absence of central dactyl and formation of 4 once-furcated lateral tertiary segments producing (3–)4–5 equal dactyls at the furcation ( +Fig. 13 +). In the second, which is rarer, there is a formation of central dactyl (in other words, end unforked central tertiary ray) surrounded with 5 lateral dactyls (i.e. end lateral quaternary rays). The lateral tertiary rays are shorter than dactyls, i.e. less than 1/3 of their length, ca. 0.8 to 2-times shorter. The central dactyl is formed at sterile nodes only, i.e. it is produced instead of antheridium. Therefore, the dactyls of secondary lateral segments range from +4–6 in +number, one of them can be central one. + + +The central secondary ray may be short, resulting in a small length of this part of a branchlet shorter than surrounding lateral secondary segments and nearly hidden with them ( +Figs. 4 +, +18–21 +), especially if they are adpressed ( +Fig. 19 +). As such, the branchlet is tassel-like in general appearance ( +Fig. 19 +). In one instance, abbreviated central secondary ray resulted in the appearance of the whole central secondary segment as an accessory branchlet ( +Figs. 20, 21 +). Otherwise, they are usually longer where the central part of a branchlet is more or less extending from surrounding lateral secondary segments and looking as a branch ( +Figs. 10–15 +). Therefore, in these cases, the branchlets can be considered monopodial. Sometimes the central tertiary rays can be formed at upper furcation of central secondary rays ( +Figs. 10, 11 +). They end with furcation producing 3 or 5 dactyls. The absence of node at the top of central secondary ray can occur as an exception. In this case central, the whole secondary ray becomes unusually long and robust dactyl ( +Fig. 9 +, arrowheads). The central secondary ray is up to +0.64–0.97 mm +in length or significantly shorter than lateral ones. Usually it is somewhat stouter in comparison with lateral ones. + + +The lateral tertiary rays at the top of central secondary ray are 5 or +6 in +number. They can be obviously shortened in the same way as in lateral secondary rays as described above, with 0.5 of dactyl’s length. The lateral tertiary segments at central secondary ray may produce a node furcating in 4 or 5 dactyls, or can be nodeless (i.e. they are 5 or 6 dactyls themselves) in the same branchlet. The 1–5 of 5 lateral tertiary rays can ends with furcation. In this case the whole tertiary segment is nearly equal or somewhat longer than dactyls from the same node. In the last case dactyls of the third furcation are obviously shorter than dactyls of second furcation. + + +The lateral secondary rays are +0.4–2.54 mm +in length; the central tertiary ones (if present) are +1.02–3.63 mm +; the lateral tertiary ones (if present) are +0.27–1.71 mm +; the dactyls are (0.39–)0.64–1.3(–1.65) mm in length. + + +Dactyls are constantly two-celled ( +Figs. 23–25 +), mostly clearly uniform, equal to each other, never abbreviated, with small conical end cell, which seems to be decaying after short-term storage in the laboratory. The first furcation of a branchlet usually does not +form dactyls +, they are present at second and third furcations generally. The penultimate cell of a dactyl is cylindrical shortly pointed at the apex; therefore, its apex does not differ with the apex of end cell with width ( +Figs. 23, 25 +), (37–)57–96(–104) μm width. Terminal (i.e. end) cell is confluent, but is small in comparison with the adjacent penultimate cell, 71–91 × 20–27 μm (rewetted), its apex pointed and mostly clearly thickened. Its thickness varies within (4.3–)6–23 μm. + + +The gametangia are never formed at the base of the whorls and first furcation (because of constant formation of central secondary ray), or at furcation with central ray. In other words, the nodes with gametangia do not +form central +ray. Gametangia conjoined, but the samples studied have prevalence of dichogamous (?) nodes. Nodes with single oogonium and even single antheridium are found but it is uncertain without studying its different developmental stages if they were produced without their counterparts, or always together but the antheridia have already fallen at the time of sampling. Both antheridia and oogonia are solitary, not geminate, mainly at the terminal furcations ( +Fig. 4 +, +26 +). The formation of antheridium on penultimate furcations has been found as a rare case too ( +Fig. 26 +). The oogonia can be produced at the second and mostly at the third and the fourth furcations of the branchlet, i.e. from the node at the top of lateral secondary ray in case of absence of central tertiary ray, or at the end furcations of central and lateral secondary segments. The antheridia are found on the youngest branchlets, they are shortly stipitate and nearly equal in appearance to conjoining oogonia ( +Fig. 26 +). + + +Oogonium without coronula 393–429 × 329–340 μm, with 7–8 convolutions ( +Fig. 26 +), antheridia +229–234 mm +in diameter. Ripe oospores are abundant, dark-brown in fixed state, but yellow-brown in transmission light and black in dry state in reflected light, 275–300 × 239–243 μm. The oospores have 8 low spiral ridges ( +Figs. 32, 33 +). The oospore surface sculpture is complex, appearing densely but imperfectly reticulated in light microscope ( +LM +) ( +Fig. 27 +), while in the +SEM +the reticulation is ornamented with numerous and irregularly distributed granular protrusions of different sizes ( +Figs. 33–37 +). The ribs are ornamented with the same +type +of protrusions ( +Figs. 33, 34 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/FF/1C/87/FF1C87ABED06FFA615B53E72FD76FE77.xml b/data/FF/1C/87/FF1C87ABED06FFA615B53E72FD76FE77.xml index 5009fadc19f..ddd48beb6d1 100644 --- a/data/FF/1C/87/FF1C87ABED06FFA615B53E72FD76FE77.xml +++ b/data/FF/1C/87/FF1C87ABED06FFA615B53E72FD76FE77.xml @@ -1,83 +1,84 @@ - - - -Description of Stenomitos kolaenensis and S. hiloensis sp. nov. (Leptolyngbyaceae, Cyanobacteria) with an emendation of the genus + + + +Description of Stenomitos kolaenensis and S. hiloensis sp. nov. (Leptolyngbyaceae, Cyanobacteria) with an emendation of the genus - - -Author + + +Author -Shalygin, Sergei -0000-0001-8886-6666 -Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, 945 College Drive, Las Cruces, NM 88003, U. S. A. -sshalygin18@jcu.edu +Shalygin, Sergei +0000-0001-8886-6666 +Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, New Mexico State University, 945 College Drive, Las Cruces, NM 88003, U. S. A. +sshalygin18@jcu.edu - - -Author + + +Author -Shalygina, Regina R. -0000-0002-4894-1016 -Institute of North Industrial Ecology Problems - Subdivision of the Federal Research Center “ Kola Science Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences ”, Apatity, Murmansk region, 184209, Russia -reginarinat86@gmail.com +Shalygina, Regina R. +0000-0002-4894-1016 +Institute of North Industrial Ecology Problems - Subdivision of the Federal Research Center “ Kola Science Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences ”, Apatity, Murmansk region, 184209, Russia +reginarinat86@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Redkina, Vera V. -0000-0002-4908-5098 -Institute of North Industrial Ecology Problems - Subdivision of the Federal Research Center “ Kola Science Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences ”, Apatity, Murmansk region, 184209, Russia -vera_redkina@gmail.com +Redkina, Vera V. +0000-0002-4908-5098 +Institute of North Industrial Ecology Problems - Subdivision of the Federal Research Center “ Kola Science Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences ”, Apatity, Murmansk region, 184209, Russia +vera_redkina@gmail.com - - -Author + + +Author -Gargas, Cory B. -0000-0002-2795-853X -Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, U. S. A. -cbgargas@email.uark.edu +Gargas, Cory B. +0000-0002-2795-853X +Department of Biological Sciences, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR 72701, U. S. A. +cbgargas@email.uark.edu - - -Author + + +Author -Johansen, Jeffrey R. -0000-0002-0794-9417 -Department of Biology, John Carroll University, University Heights, OH 44118, U. S. A. & Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 37005 České Budějovice, Czechia -johansen@jcu.edu +Johansen, Jeffrey R. +0000-0002-0794-9417 +Department of Biology, John Carroll University, University Heights, OH 44118, U. S. A. & Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 37005 České Budějovice, Czechia +johansen@jcu.edu -text - - -Phytotaxa +text + + +Phytotaxa - -2020 - -2020-04-23 + +2020 + +2020-04-23 - -440 + +440 - -2 + +2 - -108 -128 + +108 +128 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.440.2.3 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.440.2.3 -journal article -10.11646/phytotaxa.440.2.3 -1179-3163 +journal article +10.11646/phytotaxa.440.2.3 +1179-3163 +13872239 - + @@ -89,15 +90,15 @@ Shalygin, Shalygina et Johansen sp. nov. ( -Figs. 1 +Figs. 1 , -3 A,B,C +3 A,B,C ) Macrocolonies in form of thin, blue-green film growing on agar surface. Filaments long, occasionally coiled or slightly waved, seldom containing two trichomes, with or without sheath, 1.8–2 (4.5) μm wide. Mucilaginous sheaths colorless, soft, hyaline to firm and persistent beyond the apex of the trichome, rarely slightly swollen, clearly visible as wider than the trichome, in older stages mostly firm. Trichomes distinctly constricted at the cross-walls, granulated mostly in the older stages, 1.5–2 μm wide. Cells bright blue-green when young, pale green when old, from isodiametric to elongate, 1.5–2.5 (4) μm long, rarely with polar granules. Apical cells rounded to slightly conical, elongated up to 4.5 μm long. Thylakoids peripheral, necridia present. - + FIGURE 1. Light micrographs of @@ -107,7 +108,7 @@ Light micrographs of . A. Filaments showing sheath and two trichomes sharing a common sheath. B. Trichomes free of sheath, showing clear constrictions at crosswalls and cells slightly longer than wide. C. Trichome with cells isodiametric to shorter than wide. D. Entangled trichomes. All photos at same magnification, scale = 10 μm. - + FIGURE 2. Light micrographs of @@ -117,7 +118,7 @@ Light micrographs of . A, B. Trichomes producing hormogonia and with thin, firm sheaths. C. Trichome lacking sheath, showing clear constrictions at the crosswalls. D, E. Entangled trichomes. - + FIGURE 3. Line drawings of