diff --git a/data/92/1F/D9/921FD94CFFC1FFBCFBBAF96BFE4DF894.xml b/data/92/1F/D9/921FD94CFFC1FFBCFBBAF96BFE4DF894.xml index cd1498f8373..ce55862a044 100644 --- a/data/92/1F/D9/921FD94CFFC1FFBCFBBAF96BFE4DF894.xml +++ b/data/92/1F/D9/921FD94CFFC1FFBCFBBAF96BFE4DF894.xml @@ -1,50 +1,50 @@ - - - -Revision of northeast Pacific Paleogene cypraeoidean gastropods, including recognition of three new species: implications for paleobiogeographic distribution and faunal turnover + + + +Revision of northeast Pacific Paleogene cypraeoidean gastropods, including recognition of three new species: implications for paleobiogeographic distribution and faunal turnover - - -Author + + +Author -Groves, Lindsey +Groves, Lindsey - - -Author + + +Author -Squires, Richard L. +Squires, Richard L. -text - - -PaleoBios +text + + +PaleoBios - -2023 - -2023-08-10 + +2023 + +2023-08-10 - -40 + +40 - -10 + +10 - -1 -52 + +1 +52 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.5070/p9401057774 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.5070/p9401057774 -journal article -10.5070/P9401057774 -0031-0298 -10913295 -11600574-2B0E-4C13-BC08-A3A5EF9EE562 +journal article +10.5070/P9401057774 +0031-0298 +10913295 +11600574-2B0E-4C13-BC08-A3A5EF9EE562 @@ -60,7 +60,7 @@ FIGS. 6D–G - + Cypraea @@ -76,20 +76,62 @@ sp. Groves and Squires, 2021 . p. 227. - + Referred Specimens—Hypotype (of Smith, 1975 +) + +UCMP 14208 +[= +UCMP 6582 +] ( +Figs. 6E–G ) + +, +UCMP +Locality A-9717, length +50 mm +, width +30 mm +, height +25 mm +. +Hypotype (herein) +, + +LACMIP 26456.6 + +, + +LACMIP +Type +14925 ( +Fig. 6D +), measures length +42.7 mm +, width +27.6 mm +, height +16.8 mm + +, +LACMIP +Locality 26456 [= +UCMP +Locality A-917, +ex +UCLA +Locality 6456]. - Figure 6 (previous page) A–C. Protocypraea -? sp. 1, Oyster Bay Formation, Paleocene, Appian Way, Central Is- land District, Vancouver Island, +? sp. 1, Oyster Bay Formation, Paleocene, Appian Way, Central Island District, Vancouver Island, British Columbia , Canada @@ -107,7 +149,7 @@ sp. CDM 997.91.3, informal locality AP3. ( C -) Oblique view posterior in- complete end of shell showing sunken area encircling base of spire, width of field of vision +) Oblique view posterior incomplete end of shell showing sunken area encircling base of spire, width of field of vision 28.7 mm . D–G. @@ -153,7 +195,7 @@ Locality A9717. Gisortia clarki Ingram, 1940 -, Llajas Formation (Eocene, “Capay Stage”), north side Simi Valley, Ventura County, southern Cali- fornia. Basal ( +, Llajas Formation (Eocene, “Capay Stage”), north side Simi Valley, Ventura County, southern California. Basal ( H ), dorsal ( I @@ -201,52 +243,6 @@ Locality 40848 [ Locality 848]. - - - -UCMP 14208 -[= -UCMP 6582 -] ( -Figs. 6E–G -) - -, -UCMP -Local- ity A-9717, length -50 mm -, width -30 mm -, height -25 mm -. -Hypotype (herein) -, - -LACMIP 26456.6 - -, - -LACMIP -Type -14925 ( -Fig. 6D -), measures length -42.7 mm -, width -27.6 mm -, height -16.8 mm - -, -LACMIP -Locality 26456 [= -UCMP -Locality A-917, -ex -UCLA -Locality 6456]. - Occurrence— @@ -256,7 +252,7 @@ Lodo Formation (basal part), Tumey Hills, California , late Paleocene -(Thane- tian Stage) +(Thanetian Stage) . @@ -265,7 +261,7 @@ Lodo Formation (basal part), Tumey Hills, Remarks— Two specimens -are known and their pres- ervation is poor due to missing portions of the dorsum of both. They both outwardly resemble the hypotype of +are known and their preservation is poor due to missing portions of the dorsum of both. They both outwardly resemble the hypotype of Protocypraea gualalaensis ( @@ -274,7 +270,7 @@ are known and their pres- ervation is poor due to missing portions of the dorsum ( SDSNH -33995) from the Upper Cretaceous (Campanian/Maas- trichtian) Point Loma Formation, near Carlsbad, San Di- ego County, southern +33995) from the Upper Cretaceous (Campanian/Maastrichtian) Point Loma Formation, near Carlsbad, San Diego County, southern California ( SDSNH @@ -290,12 +286,12 @@ reported that the cypraeoideans from UCMP Locality A- 9717 in -the basal Lodo Formation corre- lates to +the basal Lodo Formation correlates to Mallory’s (1959) California benthic foraminiferal Ynezian Stage. Almgren et al. (1988) -updated Mallory’s findings, and, with the use of calcareous nannofossils, equated the Ynezian Stage to the CP7 calcareous nanno- fossil biozone, of late Paleocene (Thanetian Stage) age. +updated Mallory’s findings, and, with the use of calcareous nannofossils, equated the Ynezian Stage to the CP7 calcareous nannofossil biozone, of late Paleocene (Thanetian Stage) age. Saul (1983 : pp. 99–102) reported the Thanetian index fossil diff --git a/data/92/1F/D9/921FD94CFFCAFFB3FC06FD0BFBC1FA87.xml b/data/92/1F/D9/921FD94CFFCAFFB3FC06FD0BFBC1FA87.xml index 744ee684b62..569eeaaaf85 100644 --- a/data/92/1F/D9/921FD94CFFCAFFB3FC06FD0BFBC1FA87.xml +++ b/data/92/1F/D9/921FD94CFFCAFFB3FC06FD0BFBC1FA87.xml @@ -1,50 +1,50 @@ - - - -Revision of northeast Pacific Paleogene cypraeoidean gastropods, including recognition of three new species: implications for paleobiogeographic distribution and faunal turnover + + + +Revision of northeast Pacific Paleogene cypraeoidean gastropods, including recognition of three new species: implications for paleobiogeographic distribution and faunal turnover - - -Author + + +Author -Groves, Lindsey +Groves, Lindsey - - -Author + + +Author -Squires, Richard L. +Squires, Richard L. -text - - -PaleoBios +text + + +PaleoBios - -2023 - -2023-08-10 + +2023 + +2023-08-10 - -40 + +40 - -10 + +10 - -1 -52 + +1 +52 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.5070/p9401057774 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.5070/p9401057774 -journal article -10.5070/P9401057774 -0031-0298 -10913295 -11600574-2B0E-4C13-BC08-A3A5EF9EE562 +journal article +10.5070/P9401057774 +0031-0298 +10913295 +11600574-2B0E-4C13-BC08-A3A5EF9EE562 @@ -213,7 +213,7 @@ and Type Locality— UCR 3776/1), UCR -Local- ity 6871, from the Santa Susana Formation on the north side of Simi Hills, Simi Valley, Ventura County, southern California. +Locality 6871, from the Santa Susana Formation on the north side of Simi Hills, Simi Valley, Ventura County, southern California. Hypotype (of Paredes-Mejia, 1989 @@ -231,7 +231,7 @@ Locality 1334, Mesa San Carlos, Perrilliat, 2013 ). - + Occurrence— Middle Paleocene, southern California to northern Baja California @@ -239,7 +239,17 @@ Middle Paleocene, southern California to northern México . Selandian Stage: +Santa Susana Formation (lower part), north side Simi Valley, Ventura County, southern +California +( +Zinsmeister 1974 +, +1983 +; +Groves 1992 +, 1993, 1997, 2011). + Figure 8A–C. @@ -282,9 +292,7 @@ Groves, 2011 E ), and left-lateral (columellar) views, 2.6x, length 18.8 mm -, - -width +, width 14.4 mm , height 11.2 mm @@ -297,7 +305,6 @@ Type 13645, LACMIP Locality 7045 [ ex - CIT Locality 1580]. G–I. @@ -312,7 +319,7 @@ sp. Lamarck, 1802 ) -, “Domengine Formation” (Eocene, “Domen- gine Stage”), Reef Ridge, Kings County, central +, “Domengine Formation” (Eocene, “Domengine Stage”), Reef Ridge, Kings County, central California . Basal ( G @@ -370,7 +377,6 @@ Locality A-9717]. ( Stewart, 1926 [1927]), - Tejon Formation (Eocene, “Tejon Stage”), Tehachapi Mountains @@ -410,23 +416,9 @@ Locality 452. Basal ( LACMIP Type 14941, base of Metralla Sandstone Member, Live Oak Canyon, LACMIP -Locality 41206 - -. +Locality 41206. - -Santa Susana Formation (lower part), north side Simi Valley, Ventura County, southern -California -( -Zinsmeister 1974 -, -1983 -; -Groves 1992 -, 1993, 1997, 2011). - - Etymology— @@ -440,7 +432,7 @@ Originally from Latin Description— -Shell small and smooth; inflated; left-lateral side more inflated than right-lateral side (thereby producing moderate “lop-sided” shape. Shell widest me- dially. Basal surface slightly inflated. Left-lateral posterior side of shell lowly protruding. Spire covered (involute?). Aperture straight, widens anteriorly, and prominently curved posteriorly adxially (to the left). Outer lip broad, flattish and with very subdued small teeth. Inner lip teeth also subdued and apparently more numerous and more closely spaced than those on outer lip. +Shell small and smooth; inflated; left-lateral side more inflated than right-lateral side (thereby producing moderate “lop-sided” shape. Shell widest medially. Basal surface slightly inflated. Left-lateral posterior side of shell lowly protruding. Spire covered (involute?). Aperture straight, widens anteriorly, and prominently curved posteriorly adxially (to the left). Outer lip broad, flattish and with very subdued small teeth. Inner lip teeth also subdued and apparently more numerous and more closely spaced than those on outer lip. @@ -448,13 +440,13 @@ Shell small and smooth; inflated; left-lateral side more inflated than right-lat Remarks— Preservation of the holotype -of this spe- cies’ dentition is very poor. The anteriormost end of the +of this species’ dentition is very poor. The anteriormost end of the holotype is missing. Only a few specimens are known of the small-sized species. In the Simi Hills, E. novasumma -occurs only low in the Santa Susana Formation in Runkle and Meier canyons, where its type locality is in the vicin- ity of the type locality of +occurs only low in the Santa Susana Formation in Runkle and Meier canyons, where its type locality is in the vicinity of the type locality of Propusularia kemperae @@ -465,7 +457,7 @@ Propusularia LACMIP Type 14927), LACMIP -Local- ity 11677, may be +Locality 11677, may be E. novasumma . @@ -513,7 +505,7 @@ is a poorly preserved internal mold, which does not resemble . -In the Sepultura Formation, Mesa San Carlos, Baja Cali- fornia, +In the Sepultura Formation, Mesa San Carlos, Baja California, México , diff --git a/data/92/1F/D9/921FD94CFFF3FF8AFF41FB8DFCEAFC78.xml b/data/92/1F/D9/921FD94CFFF3FF8AFF41FB8DFCEAFC78.xml index c44295434da..4689ec193c4 100644 --- a/data/92/1F/D9/921FD94CFFF3FF8AFF41FB8DFCEAFC78.xml +++ b/data/92/1F/D9/921FD94CFFF3FF8AFF41FB8DFCEAFC78.xml @@ -1,50 +1,50 @@ - - - -Revision of northeast Pacific Paleogene cypraeoidean gastropods, including recognition of three new species: implications for paleobiogeographic distribution and faunal turnover + + + +Revision of northeast Pacific Paleogene cypraeoidean gastropods, including recognition of three new species: implications for paleobiogeographic distribution and faunal turnover - - -Author + + +Author -Groves, Lindsey +Groves, Lindsey - - -Author + + +Author -Squires, Richard L. +Squires, Richard L. -text - - -PaleoBios +text + + +PaleoBios - -2023 - -2023-08-10 + +2023 + +2023-08-10 - -40 + +40 - -10 + +10 - -1 -52 + +1 +52 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.5070/p9401057774 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.5070/p9401057774 -journal article -10.5070/P9401057774 -0031-0298 -10913295 -11600574-2B0E-4C13-BC08-A3A5EF9EE562 +journal article +10.5070/P9401057774 +0031-0298 +10913295 +11600574-2B0E-4C13-BC08-A3A5EF9EE562 @@ -177,7 +177,7 @@ Gabb. Sulcocypraea mathewsonii mathewsonii (Gabb) -. Schil- der, 1932. p. 222 (in part) [as +. Schilder, 1932. p. 222 (in part) [as S. mathewsonii mathewsonii @@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ Gabb. Sulcocypraea kerniana (Anderson and Hanna) -. Schil- der, 1932. p. 222 [as +. Schilder, 1932. p. 222 [as S. kerniana @@ -362,7 +362,7 @@ Of 9.1 mm , CASG -Locality 245, Tejon Forma- tion, Grapevine Creek, Tehachapi Moutains, Kern County, southern +Locality 245, Tejon Formation, Grapevine Creek, Tehachapi Moutains, Kern County, southern California . Of @@ -425,7 +425,7 @@ Locality 245, Grapevine Creek, Kern County, southern UCMP 35338 and 35339, both from UCMP -Locality A1802, Lincoln Creek For- mation, Discovery +Locality A1802, Lincoln Creek Formation, Discovery Bay , Jefferson County, Washington @@ -457,7 +457,7 @@ Locality A1802, Lincoln Creek For- mation, Discovery Tejon Formation , Grapevine -Can- yon, +Canyon, Kern County , California @@ -557,10 +557,10 @@ Locality 707], Type 14932) and - + LACMIP Locality -43272 (two speci- mens, +43272 (two specimens, LACMIP 43272.1 , LACMIP @@ -573,7 +573,9 @@ Locality 707], Kern County , California -. +. + + One additional specimen ( LACMIP 43273.1 @@ -618,7 +620,7 @@ to southern California . “Domengine Stage”: -Tyee Forma- tion, Drain/Comstock area north of Roseburg, south- western +Tyee Formation, Drain/Comstock area north of Roseburg, southwestern Oregon ( Turner 1938 @@ -628,7 +630,7 @@ Tyee Forma- tion, Drain/Comstock area north of Roseburg, south- western Hanna 1927 ). “Tejon Stage” (lower part): -Tejon Formation, Li- veoak Member, Grapevine Canyon, Tehachapi Mountains, Kern County, southern +Tejon Formation, Liveoak Member, Grapevine Canyon, Tehachapi Mountains, Kern County, southern California ( Dickerson 1915 @@ -711,7 +713,7 @@ versus . This confusion is most certainly related to their both being found in the Tejon Formation in Kern County, southern California -. It is im- portant to mention, however, that +. It is important to mention, however, that Grovesia mathewsonii @@ -721,7 +723,7 @@ occurs in the Liveoak Member of the Tejon Formation, whereas occurs in the stratigraphically overlying (i.e., younger; see Nilsen 1987 -) Metralla Mem- ber of the Tejon Formation. +) Metralla Member of the Tejon Formation. Grovesia mathewsonii @@ -732,7 +734,7 @@ differs from by having transverse ribs on the base and by having a lop-sided shell. -Anderson and Hanna (1929) mentioned localities containing “cowries” in the lower part of the Tejon For- mation in the Grapevine Canyon, Kern County, southern +Anderson and Hanna (1929) mentioned localities containing “cowries” in the lower part of the Tejon Formation in the Grapevine Canyon, Kern County, southern California . Most of these localities were demolished, however, by the subsequent building of and widening projects of Interstate 5 highway along the valley floor of this canyon. Fortunately, many well preserved specimens from this area were deposited at CIT @@ -772,7 +774,7 @@ Based upon careful examination of Erato mackini -Dur- ham, 1944 images, this species is herein relegated to the synonymy of +Durham, 1944 images, this species is herein relegated to the synonymy of Grovesia mathewsonii @@ -784,7 +786,7 @@ are worn specimens of G. mathewsonii -. They are significant specimens, however, as they repre- sent the geologically youngest and farthest north known occurrence of +. They are significant specimens, however, as they represent the geologically youngest and farthest north known occurrence of G. mathewsonii @@ -803,7 +805,9 @@ sp. B 7.4 mm , from the middle Eocene (“Domengine Stage”) Tyee Formation near Comstock near Drain, which is north of Roseburg, Oregon -(Fig. 1, locality 8) (= +( +Fig. 1 +, locality 8) (= UCMP Locality A-1134). Squires and Groves (1993 @@ -854,7 +858,7 @@ and G. ganensis Dolin and Leon (2002) -are close morphological- ly, but they are not conspecific. +are close morphologically, but they are not conspecific. Dolin and Pacaud (2009 : p. 289), furthermore, reported that diff --git a/data/92/1F/D9/921FD94CFFF5FF8FFC4CFBA5FE91FBE3.xml b/data/92/1F/D9/921FD94CFFF5FF8FFC4CFBA5FE91FBE3.xml index 256a0bb23e1..7f74c9fe4c4 100644 --- a/data/92/1F/D9/921FD94CFFF5FF8FFC4CFBA5FE91FBE3.xml +++ b/data/92/1F/D9/921FD94CFFF5FF8FFC4CFBA5FE91FBE3.xml @@ -1,50 +1,50 @@ - - - -Revision of northeast Pacific Paleogene cypraeoidean gastropods, including recognition of three new species: implications for paleobiogeographic distribution and faunal turnover + + + +Revision of northeast Pacific Paleogene cypraeoidean gastropods, including recognition of three new species: implications for paleobiogeographic distribution and faunal turnover - - -Author + + +Author -Groves, Lindsey +Groves, Lindsey - - -Author + + +Author -Squires, Richard L. +Squires, Richard L. -text - - -PaleoBios +text + + +PaleoBios - -2023 - -2023-08-10 + +2023 + +2023-08-10 - -40 + +40 - -10 + +10 - -1 -52 + +1 +52 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.5070/p9401057774 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.5070/p9401057774 -journal article -10.5070/P9401057774 -0031-0298 -10913295 -11600574-2B0E-4C13-BC08-A3A5EF9EE562 +journal article +10.5070/P9401057774 +0031-0298 +10913295 +11600574-2B0E-4C13-BC08-A3A5EF9EE562 @@ -81,7 +81,7 @@ AND PALMER, 1922) Eratotrivia crescentensis (Weaver and Palmer) -. Schil- der, 1932. p. 81 [as +. Schilder, 1932. p. 81 [as E. crescentensis @@ -110,19 +110,14 @@ and Type Locality UWBM 201 ] ( Figs. 10G–I -), length -6 mm -, width -4 mm -, height -3.5 mm -. +), length 6 mm, width 4 mm, height 3.5 mm. UWBM Locality 358, + Crescent Formation -, at Cres- cent -Bay +, at Crescent Bay + , Clallam County , @@ -139,7 +134,7 @@ and Type Locality (of Squires and Goedert, 1994 ) - + LACMIP 16657.24 , LACMIP @@ -150,13 +145,14 @@ and Type Locality 4.86 mm , width 3.55 mm -, and two -additional specimens -, +, and + + +two additional specimens, LACMIP 16657 [= LACMIP -Local- ity 41553; +Locality 41553; ex CSUN Locality 1553], @@ -167,17 +163,16 @@ Locality 1553], Grays Harbor County , Washington -. +. + + Two specimens ( LACMIP 41563.1 , LACMIP Type -14947) - - -from +14947) from LACMIP Locality 41563 [ex @@ -192,17 +187,16 @@ Locality 1563], Thurston County , southwestern Washington -and +and + + one specimen ( LACMIP 41553.1 , LACMIP Type -14948) - - -from +14948) from LACMIP Locality 41553 [ @@ -250,13 +244,13 @@ Lower Eocene, Etymology— -Originally named for the Eocene Cres- cent Formation, Clallam County, northwestern Wash- ington. +Originally named for the Eocene Crescent Formation, Clallam County, northwestern Washington. Description -—Shell small and entirely covered with numerous oblique spiral ribs uniform in strength and extending into both lips; moderate convexity; posterior end flattish, anterior end protruding and tapered. Aper- ture moderately straight, widest just anterior to middle of shell. Outer lip inflated. +—Shell small and entirely covered with numerous oblique spiral ribs uniform in strength and extending into both lips; moderate convexity; posterior end flattish, anterior end protruding and tapered. Aperture moderately straight, widest just anterior to middle of shell. Outer lip inflated. @@ -265,7 +259,7 @@ Originally named for the Eocene Cres- cent Formation, Clallam County, northweste Eratotrivia crescentensis -is the only known trivid in the Paleogene deposits of the NEP region. Speci- mens are small and uncommon. They show reasonably good preservation. +is the only known trivid in the Paleogene deposits of the NEP region. Specimens are small and uncommon. They show reasonably good preservation. diff --git a/data/92/1F/D9/921FD94CFFF7FF8EFF13FC56FE63FBD1.xml b/data/92/1F/D9/921FD94CFFF7FF8EFF13FC56FE63FBD1.xml index 2ba660b5f93..ae2fd0a864a 100644 --- a/data/92/1F/D9/921FD94CFFF7FF8EFF13FC56FE63FBD1.xml +++ b/data/92/1F/D9/921FD94CFFF7FF8EFF13FC56FE63FBD1.xml @@ -1,52 +1,52 @@ - - - -Revision of northeast Pacific Paleogene cypraeoidean gastropods, including recognition of three new species: implications for paleobiogeographic distribution and faunal turnover + + + +Revision of northeast Pacific Paleogene cypraeoidean gastropods, including recognition of three new species: implications for paleobiogeographic distribution and faunal turnover - - -Author + + +Author -Groves, Lindsey +Groves, Lindsey - - -Author + + +Author -Squires, Richard L. +Squires, Richard L. -text - - -PaleoBios +text + + +PaleoBios - -2023 - -2023-08-10 + +2023 + +2023-08-10 - -40 + +40 - -10 + +10 - -1 -52 + +1 +52 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.5070/p9401057774 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.5070/p9401057774 -journal article -10.5070/P9401057774 -0031-0298 -10913295 -11600574-2B0E-4C13-BC08-A3A5EF9EE562 +journal article +10.5070/P9401057774 +0031-0298 +10913295 +11600574-2B0E-4C13-BC08-A3A5EF9EE562 - + @@ -142,7 +142,7 @@ and Type Locality— (of Squires et al., 1996 , figs. 2–8) - + LACMIP 16655.37 , LACMIP @@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ Locality 1563], Crescent Formation, Washington . - + Six specimens UCMP 35334-35336 (of @@ -180,10 +180,9 @@ Locality 1563], Crescent Formation, Locality A-1802. - + Three -additional specimens -( +additional specimens ( LACMIP 41567.1 , LACMIP @@ -210,10 +209,10 @@ transition zone, Washington and - + two specimens LACMIP -Local- ites 16850 [ +Localites 16850 [ ex CSUN Locality 1570] and 16850 [ @@ -221,7 +220,7 @@ Locality 1570] and 16850 [ CSUN Locality 1567] were examined. - + Two specimens , LACMIP @@ -247,11 +246,11 @@ Locality 1567] were examined. . - + Occurrence— “Capay Stage” (middle lower) Eocene to Galvinian Stage (upper Eocene part). “CAPAY STAGE”: -Upper part of the Crescent Formation, Black Hills, Thur- ston County, western +Upper part of the Crescent Formation, Black Hills, Thurston County, western Washington ( Squires et al. 1996 @@ -260,8 +259,6 @@ Transition beds between the upper part of the Crescent Formation and the overlyi Washington ( Squires and Goedert - - 1995). GALVINIAN STAGE: “Gries Ranch beds” in the lower part of the Lincoln Creek Formation, near Vader, Lewis County, western @@ -288,7 +285,7 @@ Originally named for the late Mary Warner Effinger, wife of the author William L Description— -Shell minute, ovate. Protoconch (= spire in this species) visible, four whorls inclined to right side [initial whorl low, rounded, smooth, and naticiform; second whorl tabulate with oblique axial sculpture and with no sculpture anterior to the tabulation, third and fourth whorls with oblique decussate (rhomboidal) axial sculpture crossed by four or five spiral ribs, each spiral rib bisecting a rhomb and producing a triangular pattern, and protoconch set off from teleoconch by a smooth shelf. Aperture straight, widens anteriorly. Outer lip with about 28 transverse ridges, most of which extend completely across inflected surface. Inner lip with about 20 trans- verse ribs. Left edge of inner lip demarked by a prominent longitudinal ridge extending across the body whorl from tip of anterior to tip of posterior canal. Fossula obsolete. ( +Shell minute, ovate. Protoconch (= spire in this species) visible, four whorls inclined to right side [initial whorl low, rounded, smooth, and naticiform; second whorl tabulate with oblique axial sculpture and with no sculpture anterior to the tabulation, third and fourth whorls with oblique decussate (rhomboidal) axial sculpture crossed by four or five spiral ribs, each spiral rib bisecting a rhomb and producing a triangular pattern, and protoconch set off from teleoconch by a smooth shelf. Aperture straight, widens anteriorly. Outer lip with about 28 transverse ridges, most of which extend completely across inflected surface. Inner lip with about 20 transverse ribs. Left edge of inner lip demarked by a prominent longitudinal ridge extending across the body whorl from tip of anterior to tip of posterior canal. Fossula obsolete. ( Effinger 1938 ; Squires et al. 1996 @@ -296,7 +293,7 @@ Shell minute, ovate. Protoconch (= spire in this species) visible, four whorls i - + Remarks— The geologic occurrence of @@ -304,271 +301,7 @@ The geologic occurrence of in the NEP region is unusual. Although it occurred during the “Capay Stage” in Washington -, it - - - -Figure 10. A–C. - -Cypraedia -sp. - -Bateque Formation (Eocene, “Capay Stage”), Mesa La Salina, -Baja California Sur -, -México -. Basal ( -A -), dorsal ( -B -), and right (labral) side ( -C -) views, 2.3x, length -19.5 mm -, width -13.2 mm -, height -11.9 mm -, of hypotype -IGM -5057, -LACMIP -Locality 41220b [ -ex -CSUN -Locality 1220b]. -D–F. - -Cypraeogemmula warnerae -Effinger, 1938 - -. “Gries Ranch beds,” Crescent Formation (upper part) (Eocene, “Capay Stage” to Galvinian Stage), Black Hills area, Washington. Basal ( -D -) and dorsal ( -E -) views, both 16x, and left (columellar) ( -F -) view, 33x, of hypotype -LACMIP -16655.37, -LACMIP -Type -11372, -LACMIP -Locality 16655 [= -LACMIP -Locality 41563; -ex -CSUN -Locality 1563]. (continued on next page) - - - - - -Figure 10 -(continued) G–I. - - -Eratotrivia crescentensis -( -Weaver and Palmer, 1922 -) - -, Crescent Formation (Eocene, “Capay Stage”), Port Crescent, Clallam County, -Washington -. Basal ( -G -), dorsal ( -H -), and right (labral) side ( -I -) views, 5.5x, length -6 mm -, width -4 mm -, height -3.5 mm -, -holotype -CASG -7587 [ -ex -UWBM -201], -UWBM -Locality 358. -J–S. - - -Nomina dubia -. -J. -“ - -Bernaya -” -fresnoensis -( -Anderson, 1905 -) - -, - -Avenal Sand -( -Eocene -, “ -Domengine Stage -”), -Los Gatos Creek -, northwest of -Coalinga -, -Fresno County -, central -California -. -Basal -( -J -) view, 0.9x, length -41.2 mm -, width -27 mm -, height -28 mm -, of -holotype -CASG 61713.01 - -. - -K–M. -“ - -Eocypraea -” -bayerquei -( -Gabb, 1864 -) - -, -Martinez Formation -( -Paleocene -), -Clayton -, -Contra Costa County -, northern -California -. -Basal -( -K -), dorsal ( -L -), and right (labral) side ( -M -) views, 1.2x, length -30.4 mm -, width -23.4 mm -, height -17 mm -, of -holotype -UCMP 31403 - -. - -N–P. -“ - -Sphaerocypraea -” -martini -( -Dickerson, 1914 -) - -. -Martinez Formation -( -Paleocene -, -Thanetian Stage -), south of -Muir Station -, -Contra Costa County -, northern -California -. -Basal -( -N -), dorsal ( -O -), and right (labral) side ( -P -) views, 1.1x, length -38.5 mm -, width -22.7 mm -, height -20.8 mm -, of -holotype -UCMP 243 - -. - -Q–S. -“ - -Sulcocypraea -” -oakvillensis -( -Van Winkle, 1918 -) - -, -Lincoln Creek -Formation (lowermost) ( -Eocene -, -lower Galvinian Stage -), -eastern Grays Harbor County -, -Washington -. -Basal -( -Q -), dorsal ( -R -), and left (columellar) side ( -S -) views, 1.8x, length -28 mm -, width -15 mm -, height mm, height -11.7 mm -, of -holotype -CASG 7606 - -. - - - -apparently did not reappear until 15 million years lat- ers in the lower Galvinian Stage in +, it apparently did not reappear until 15 million years laters in the lower Galvinian Stage in Washington . More collecting of this minute gastropod is needed. Fehse (2018)