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<document ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.2838842" ID-GBIF-Dataset="7ea885fa-a128-4dff-accd-c3d234a97859" ID-Zenodo-Dep="2838842" approvalRequired="14" approvalRequired_for_bibRefs="9" approvalRequired_for_illustrations="5" checkinTime="1557914924592" checkinUser="jeremy" docAuthor="Marsh, O. C." docDate="1892" docId="03B58786FFCDFFC04A75FA1FFCFCD37E" docLanguage="en" docName="Marsh1892MesozoicVertebrateFossilsABBYY14.pdf.imf" docOrigin="American Journal of Science 260" docStyle="DocumentStyle{}" docTitle="Claosaurus Marsh 1890" docType="treatment" docVersion="16" lastPageNumber="173" masterDocId="FF8CFFFEFFCDFFC2487EFFACFF9CD638" masterDocTitle="Notes on Mesozoic vertebrate fossils" masterLastPageNumber="176" masterPageNumber="171" pageNumber="171" updateTime="1645447026309" updateUser="jeremy">
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<mods:title>Notes on Mesozoic vertebrate fossils</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="8FCC2530B513F719A8E041DE1A242EE7">Notes on Mesozoic vertebrate fossils</mods:title>
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<mods:date>1892</mods:date>
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<mods:number>1892-05-31</mods:number>
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4714690" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159871767" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4714690" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B58786FFCDFFC04A75FA1FFCFCD37E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B58786FFCDFFC04A75FA1FFCFCD37E" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="173" pageId="0" pageNumber="171">
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<taxonomicName authority="Marsh, 1890" authorityName="Marsh" authorityYear="1890" box="[523,958,1459,1497]" class="Reptilia" family="Hadrosauridae" genus="Claosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="0" pageNumber="171" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[523,724,1459,1497]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="171">Claosaurus,</emphasis>
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<treatment id="03B58786FFCDFFC04A75FA1FFCFCD37E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4714690" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159871767" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4714690" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B58786FFCDFFC04A75FA1FFCFCD37E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B58786FFCDFFC04A75FA1FFCFCD37E" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="173" pageId="0" pageNumber="171">
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<paragraph id="8BA33690FFCDFFC24A75FA1FFC5FD3E1" blockId="0.[159,1334,1459,2270]" box="[523,963,1459,1497]" pageId="0" pageNumber="171">
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<heading id="D0EB81FCFFCDFFC24A75FA1FFC5FD3E1" box="[523,963,1459,1497]" centered="true" fontSize="12" level="0" pageId="0" pageNumber="171" reason="4">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D13FFCDFFC24A75FA1FFC22D3E1" authority="Marsh, 1890" authorityName="Marsh" authorityYear="1890" box="[523,958,1459,1497]" class="Reptilia" genus="Claosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="0" pageNumber="171" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B968EA82FFCDFFC24A75FA1FFD48D3E1" box="[523,724,1459,1497]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="171">Claosaurus,</emphasis>
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Marsh, 1890
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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</heading>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="171" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="0.[159,1334,1459,2270]" pageId="0" pageNumber="171">
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<subSubSection id="C306651BFFCDFFC248B4FA5BFE73DE9B" pageId="0" pageNumber="171" type="discussion">
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<paragraph id="8BA33690FFCDFFC248B4FA5BFEB1D199" blockId="0.[159,1334,1459,2270]" pageId="0" pageNumber="171">
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Next in importance to the
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<emphasis box="[727,951,1527,1565]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="171">Geratopsidae</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="B968EA82FFCDFFC24AA9FA5BFC2BD025" box="[727,951,1527,1565]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="171">Geratopsidae</emphasis>
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of the Laramie are the Dinosaurs allied to
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<emphasis box="[644,906,1570,1608]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="171">
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<taxonomicName authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1858" box="[644,899,1570,1608]" class="Reptilia" family="Hadrosauridae" genus="Hadrosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="0" pageNumber="171" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Hadrosaurus</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B968EA82FFCDFFC24AFAF98EFC16D070" box="[644,906,1570,1608]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="171">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D13FFCDFFC24AFAF98EFC1FD070" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1858" box="[644,899,1570,1608]" class="Reptilia" family="Hadrosauridae" genus="Hadrosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="0" pageNumber="171" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Hadrosaurus</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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and, as but little is really known of the skeleton in this group, some of the important parts are here "described, and figured in
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<figureCitation box="[1163,1327,1656,1694]" captionStart="Plate II" captionStartId="5.[723,811,373,403]" captionTargetBox="[419,2232,251,3388]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Plate II. Figure 1.—Left fore leg of Claosaurus annectens, Marsh; outside view, c, coracoid; h, humerus; r, radius; s, scapula; u, ulna; I. first digit; IV. fourth digit. • Figure 2.—Left hind leg of the same individual; outside view, a, astragalus: c, calcaneum; ƒ femur; ƒ', fibula; il, ilium; is, ischium; p, pubis; p', postpubis; t, tibia. Figures 1 and 2 are one-tweuntieth natural size. Figure 3.—Pelvis of the same individual; seen from the left. One-sixteenth natural size, a, acetabulum; other letters as in figure 2." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2838844/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="171" targetBox="[419,2232,251,3388]" targetPageId="6">Plates II</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="13272A15FFCDFFC24CF5F9D4FAB3D0A6" box="[1163,1327,1656,1694]" captionStart="Plate II" captionStartId="5.[723,811,373,403]" captionTargetBox="[419,2232,251,3388]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Plate II. Figure 1.—Left fore leg of Claosaurus annectens, Marsh; outside view, c, coracoid; h, humerus; r, radius; s, scapula; u, ulna; I. first digit; IV. fourth digit. • Figure 2.—Left hind leg of the same individual; outside view, a, astragalus: c, calcaneum; ƒ femur; ƒ', fibula; il, ilium; is, ischium; p, pubis; p', postpubis; t, tibia. Figures 1 and 2 are one-tweuntieth natural size. Figure 3.—Pelvis of the same individual; seen from the left. One-sixteenth natural size, a, acetabulum; other letters as in figure 2." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2838844/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="171" targetBox="[419,2232,251,3388]" targetPageId="6">Plates II</figureCitation>
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and
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<figureCitation box="[241,300,1699,1737]" captionStart="Plate III" captionStartId="5.[711,800,778,808]" captionTargetBox="[483,2350,192,3415]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Plate III. Figure 1.—Sternal bone of Claosaurus annectens. One-eighth natural size. a, seen from above; b, seen from below. Figure 2.—Left coracoid of Cimolopteryx rarus, Marsh. Natural size, a, front view; b, inuer view; c, back view; cl, lower eud. Figure 3.—Tooth of Palaeoscincus latus, Marsh, a, natural size; b, c, d, twice natural size. Figure 4.—Tooth of Aublysodon mirandus, Leidy. Natural size, a, front view, with sections; b, side view. (After Leidy.) Figure 5.—Tooth of Aublysodon amplus, Marsh. Natural size, a, side view; b, back view; c, front view. Figure 6.—Tooth of Aublysodon cristatus, Marsh. Twice natural size, a, side view; b, back view; c, front view ." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2838846/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="171" targetBox="[483,2350,192,3415]" targetPageId="7">III</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="13272A15FFCDFFC2488FF90FFEB0D0F1" box="[241,300,1699,1737]" captionStart="Plate III" captionStartId="5.[711,800,778,808]" captionTargetBox="[483,2350,192,3415]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Plate III. Figure 1.—Sternal bone of Claosaurus annectens. One-eighth natural size. a, seen from above; b, seen from below. Figure 2.—Left coracoid of Cimolopteryx rarus, Marsh. Natural size, a, front view; b, inuer view; c, back view; cl, lower eud. Figure 3.—Tooth of Palaeoscincus latus, Marsh, a, natural size; b, c, d, twice natural size. Figure 4.—Tooth of Aublysodon mirandus, Leidy. Natural size, a, front view, with sections; b, side view. (After Leidy.) Figure 5.—Tooth of Aublysodon amplus, Marsh. Natural size, a, side view; b, back view; c, front view. Figure 6.—Tooth of Aublysodon cristatus, Marsh. Twice natural size, a, side view; b, back view; c, front view ." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2838846/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="171" targetBox="[483,2350,192,3415]" targetPageId="7">III</figureCitation>
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. These are mainly from a single specimen which is in remarkable preservation; but the remains of a second individual, likewise in good condition, and in some respects more perfect, have also been used in the investigation. The species is
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<emphasis box="[223,651,1872,1910]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="171">
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||||
<taxonomicName box="[223,644,1872,1910]" class="Reptilia" family="Hadrosauridae" genus="Claosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="0" pageNumber="171" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="annectens">Glaosaurus annectens</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="B968EA82FFCDFFC248A1F8FCFD17D14E" box="[223,651,1872,1910]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="171">
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D13FFCDFFC248A1F8FCFD18D14E" box="[223,644,1872,1910]" class="Reptilia" genus="Claosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="0" pageNumber="171" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="annectens">Glaosaurus annectens</taxonomicName>
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,
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</emphasis>
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already briefly described by the
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<bibRefCitation author="Marsh, O. C." box="[160,280,1915,1953]" pageId="0" pageNumber="171" year="1892">writer</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B61FFCDFFC248DEF8D7FE84D199" author="Marsh, O. C." box="[160,280,1915,1953]" pageId="0" pageNumber="171" year="1892">writer</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
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<bibRefCitation author="Marsh, O. C." box="[286,301,1915,1953]" journalOrPublisher="American Journal of Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="171" pagination="449-453" part="43" title="Notice of new reptiles from the Laramie Formation" type="journal article" year="1892">"</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B61FFCDFFC24960F8D7FEB1D199" author="Marsh, O. C." box="[286,301,1915,1953]" journalOrPublisher="American Journal of Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="171" pagination="449-453" part="43" title="Notice of new reptiles from the Laramie Formation" type="journal article" year="1892">"</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
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||||
<paragraph blockId="0.[159,1334,1459,2270]" pageId="0" pageNumber="171">The skull will be described in a later communication. The number of vertebrae between the skull and sacrum is thirty,’ and all were found. in position. There are nine vertebrae in the sacrum, thoroughly coossified with each other. The anterior forty-five vertebrae of the tail were found in position, and in good preservation.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8BA33690FFCDFFC248B3F80AFE73DE9B" blockId="0.[159,1334,1459,2270]" pageId="0" pageNumber="171">The skull will be described in a later communication. The number of vertebrae between the skull and sacrum is thirty,’ and all were found. in position. There are nine vertebrae in the sacrum, thoroughly coossified with each other. The anterior forty-five vertebrae of the tail were found in position, and in good preservation.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
|
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<footnote box="[425,1052,2240,2270]" pageId="0" pageNumber="171">
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<paragraph blockId="0.[159,1334,1459,2270]" box="[425,1052,2240,2270]" pageId="0" pageNumber="171">
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<bibRef author="Marsh, O. C." box="[425,1052,2240,2270]" journalOrPublisher="American Journal of Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="171" pagination="449-453" part="43" title="Notice of new reptiles from the Laramie Formation" type="journal article" year="1892">
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<footnote id="E8072A9EFFCDFFC249D7F76CFB80DEE6" box="[425,1052,2240,2270]" pageId="0" pageNumber="171">
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<paragraph id="8BA33690FFCDFFC249D7F76CFB80DEE6" blockId="0.[159,1334,1459,2270]" box="[425,1052,2240,2270]" pageId="0" pageNumber="171">
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<bibRef id="52BCA266FFCDFFC249D7F76CFB80DEE6" author="Marsh, O. C." box="[425,1052,2240,2270]" journalOrPublisher="American Journal of Science" pageId="0" pageNumber="171" pagination="449-453" part="43" title="Notice of new reptiles from the Laramie Formation" type="journal article" year="1892">
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||||
* This Journal, vol. xliii, p. 453, May,
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<docYear box="[982,1048,2240,2270]" pageId="0" pageNumber="171">1892</docYear>
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<docYear id="937ADA6BFFCDFFC24BA8F76CFB84DEE6" box="[982,1048,2240,2270]" pageId="0" pageNumber="171">1892</docYear>
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||||
.
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</bibRef>
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||||
</paragraph>
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||||
</footnote>
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||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="173" pageId="1" pageNumber="172" type="description">
|
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<paragraph blockId="1.[147,1325,262,2282]" pageId="1" pageNumber="172">
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<subSubSection id="C306651BFFCCFFC048C1FEA4FD33D57A" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="173" pageId="1" pageNumber="172" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8BA33690FFCCFFC348C1FEA4FB10D53F" blockId="1.[147,1325,262,2282]" pageId="1" pageNumber="172">
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The fore limbs are unusually small in comparison with the posterior, and the relative size of the two is shown on
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<figureCitation box="[1154,1300,306,344]" captionStart="Plate II" captionStartId="5.[723,811,373,403]" captionTargetBox="[419,2232,251,3388]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Plate II. Figure 1.—Left fore leg of Claosaurus annectens, Marsh; outside view, c, coracoid; h, humerus; r, radius; s, scapula; u, ulna; I. first digit; IV. fourth digit. • Figure 2.—Left hind leg of the same individual; outside view, a, astragalus: c, calcaneum; ƒ femur; ƒ', fibula; il, ilium; is, ischium; p, pubis; p', postpubis; t, tibia. Figures 1 and 2 are one-tweuntieth natural size. Figure 3.—Pelvis of the same individual; seen from the left. One-sixteenth natural size, a, acetabulum; other letters as in figure 2." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2838844/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="172" targetBox="[419,2232,251,3388]" targetPageId="6">Plate II</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13272A15FFCCFFC34CFCFE9EFA88D760" box="[1154,1300,306,344]" captionStart="Plate II" captionStartId="5.[723,811,373,403]" captionTargetBox="[419,2232,251,3388]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Plate II. Figure 1.—Left fore leg of Claosaurus annectens, Marsh; outside view, c, coracoid; h, humerus; r, radius; s, scapula; u, ulna; I. first digit; IV. fourth digit. • Figure 2.—Left hind leg of the same individual; outside view, a, astragalus: c, calcaneum; ƒ femur; ƒ', fibula; il, ilium; is, ischium; p, pubis; p', postpubis; t, tibia. Figures 1 and 2 are one-tweuntieth natural size. Figure 3.—Pelvis of the same individual; seen from the left. One-sixteenth natural size, a, acetabulum; other letters as in figure 2." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2838844/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="172" targetBox="[419,2232,251,3388]" targetPageId="6">Plate II</figureCitation>
|
||||
. The scapular arch presents many points of interest. The scapula is large, and so much curved that the axis of its shaft is nearly parallel to the articular faces of its lower extremity, (
|
||||
<figureCitation box="[162,558,478,517]" captionStart="Plate II" captionStartId="5.[723,811,373,403]" captionTargetBox="[419,2232,251,3388]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Plate II. Figure 1.—Left fore leg of Claosaurus annectens, Marsh; outside view, c, coracoid; h, humerus; r, radius; s, scapula; u, ulna; I. first digit; IV. fourth digit. • Figure 2.—Left hind leg of the same individual; outside view, a, astragalus: c, calcaneum; ƒ femur; ƒ', fibula; il, ilium; is, ischium; p, pubis; p', postpubis; t, tibia. Figures 1 and 2 are one-tweuntieth natural size. Figure 3.—Pelvis of the same individual; seen from the left. One-sixteenth natural size, a, acetabulum; other letters as in figure 2." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2838844/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="172" targetBox="[419,2232,251,3388]" targetPageId="6">
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13272A15FFCCFFC348DCFE73FDB2D43C" box="[162,558,478,517]" captionStart="Plate II" captionStartId="5.[723,811,373,403]" captionTargetBox="[419,2232,251,3388]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Plate II. Figure 1.—Left fore leg of Claosaurus annectens, Marsh; outside view, c, coracoid; h, humerus; r, radius; s, scapula; u, ulna; I. first digit; IV. fourth digit. • Figure 2.—Left hind leg of the same individual; outside view, a, astragalus: c, calcaneum; ƒ femur; ƒ', fibula; il, ilium; is, ischium; p, pubis; p', postpubis; t, tibia. Figures 1 and 2 are one-tweuntieth natural size. Figure 3.—Pelvis of the same individual; seen from the left. One-sixteenth natural size, a, acetabulum; other letters as in figure 2." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2838844/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="172" targetBox="[419,2232,251,3388]" targetPageId="6">
|
||||
Plate II, figure 1,
|
||||
<emphasis box="[542,558,478,516]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="172">s</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B968EA82FFCCFFC34A60FE72FDB2D43C" box="[542,558,478,516]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="172">s</emphasis>
|
||||
</figureCitation>
|
||||
). On the anterior margin, above the articulation for the coracoid, is a strong protuberance, with a well-defined facet, adapted to the support of the clavicle, if such a bone were present. The coracoid is very small, and is perforated by a large foramen (
|
||||
<figureCitation box="[769,1163,651,689]" captionStart="Plate II" captionStartId="5.[723,811,373,403]" captionTargetBox="[419,2232,251,3388]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Plate II. Figure 1.—Left fore leg of Claosaurus annectens, Marsh; outside view, c, coracoid; h, humerus; r, radius; s, scapula; u, ulna; I. first digit; IV. fourth digit. • Figure 2.—Left hind leg of the same individual; outside view, a, astragalus: c, calcaneum; ƒ femur; ƒ', fibula; il, ilium; is, ischium; p, pubis; p', postpubis; t, tibia. Figures 1 and 2 are one-tweuntieth natural size. Figure 3.—Pelvis of the same individual; seen from the left. One-sixteenth natural size, a, acetabulum; other letters as in figure 2." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2838844/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="172" targetBox="[419,2232,251,3388]" targetPageId="6">
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13272A15FFCCFFC34B7FFD27FB17D489" box="[769,1163,651,689]" captionStart="Plate II" captionStartId="5.[723,811,373,403]" captionTargetBox="[419,2232,251,3388]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Plate II. Figure 1.—Left fore leg of Claosaurus annectens, Marsh; outside view, c, coracoid; h, humerus; r, radius; s, scapula; u, ulna; I. first digit; IV. fourth digit. • Figure 2.—Left hind leg of the same individual; outside view, a, astragalus: c, calcaneum; ƒ femur; ƒ', fibula; il, ilium; is, ischium; p, pubis; p', postpubis; t, tibia. Figures 1 and 2 are one-tweuntieth natural size. Figure 3.—Pelvis of the same individual; seen from the left. One-sixteenth natural size, a, acetabulum; other letters as in figure 2." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2838844/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="172" targetBox="[419,2232,251,3388]" targetPageId="6">
|
||||
Plate II, figure 1,
|
||||
<emphasis box="[1144,1163,651,689]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="172">c</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B968EA82FFCCFFC34C06FD27FB17D489" box="[1144,1163,651,689]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="172">c</emphasis>
|
||||
</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The two peculiar bones now generally regarded as belonging to the sternum were separate, as shown in
|
||||
<figureCitation box="[819,1157,737,775]" captionStart="Plate III" captionStartId="5.[711,800,778,808]" captionTargetBox="[483,2350,192,3415]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Plate III. Figure 1.—Sternal bone of Claosaurus annectens. One-eighth natural size. a, seen from above; b, seen from below. Figure 2.—Left coracoid of Cimolopteryx rarus, Marsh. Natural size, a, front view; b, inuer view; c, back view; cl, lower eud. Figure 3.—Tooth of Palaeoscincus latus, Marsh, a, natural size; b, c, d, twice natural size. Figure 4.—Tooth of Aublysodon mirandus, Leidy. Natural size, a, front view, with sections; b, side view. (After Leidy.) Figure 5.—Tooth of Aublysodon amplus, Marsh. Natural size, a, side view; b, back view; c, front view. Figure 6.—Tooth of Aublysodon cristatus, Marsh. Twice natural size, a, side view; b, back view; c, front view ." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2838846/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="172" targetBox="[483,2350,192,3415]" targetPageId="7">Plate III, figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13272A15FFCCFFC34B4DFD4DFB19D53F" box="[819,1157,737,775]" captionStart="Plate III" captionStartId="5.[711,800,778,808]" captionTargetBox="[483,2350,192,3415]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Plate III. Figure 1.—Sternal bone of Claosaurus annectens. One-eighth natural size. a, seen from above; b, seen from below. Figure 2.—Left coracoid of Cimolopteryx rarus, Marsh. Natural size, a, front view; b, inuer view; c, back view; cl, lower eud. Figure 3.—Tooth of Palaeoscincus latus, Marsh, a, natural size; b, c, d, twice natural size. Figure 4.—Tooth of Aublysodon mirandus, Leidy. Natural size, a, front view, with sections; b, side view. (After Leidy.) Figure 5.—Tooth of Aublysodon amplus, Marsh. Natural size, a, side view; b, back view; c, front view. Figure 6.—Tooth of Aublysodon cristatus, Marsh. Twice natural size, a, side view; b, back view; c, front view ." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2838846/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="172" targetBox="[483,2350,192,3415]" targetPageId="7">Plate III, figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="1.[147,1325,262,2282]" pageId="1" pageNumber="172">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA33690FFCCFFC348BEFCA0FD0FD2D8" blockId="1.[147,1325,262,2282]" pageId="1" pageNumber="172">
|
||||
The humerus is comparatively short, and has a prominent radial crest. The radius and ulna are much elongated, the latter being longer than the humerus, and the radius about the same length. The ulna has a prominent olecranon process, and is a stouter bone than the radius. The carpal bones were quite short, and appear to have been only imperfectly ossified. The fore foot, or manus, was very long, and contained three functional digits only. The first digit was rudimentary, the second and third were nearly equal in length, the fourth was shorter and less developed, and the fifth entirely wanting, as shown in
|
||||
<figureCitation box="[331,652,1210,1248]" captionStart="Plate II" captionStartId="5.[723,811,373,403]" captionTargetBox="[419,2232,251,3388]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Plate II. Figure 1.—Left fore leg of Claosaurus annectens, Marsh; outside view, c, coracoid; h, humerus; r, radius; s, scapula; u, ulna; I. first digit; IV. fourth digit. • Figure 2.—Left hind leg of the same individual; outside view, a, astragalus: c, calcaneum; ƒ femur; ƒ', fibula; il, ilium; is, ischium; p, pubis; p', postpubis; t, tibia. Figures 1 and 2 are one-tweuntieth natural size. Figure 3.—Pelvis of the same individual; seen from the left. One-sixteenth natural size, a, acetabulum; other letters as in figure 2." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2838844/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="172" targetBox="[419,2232,251,3388]" targetPageId="6">Plate II, figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13272A15FFCCFFC34935FB16FD10D2D8" box="[331,652,1210,1248]" captionStart="Plate II" captionStartId="5.[723,811,373,403]" captionTargetBox="[419,2232,251,3388]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Plate II. Figure 1.—Left fore leg of Claosaurus annectens, Marsh; outside view, c, coracoid; h, humerus; r, radius; s, scapula; u, ulna; I. first digit; IV. fourth digit. • Figure 2.—Left hind leg of the same individual; outside view, a, astragalus: c, calcaneum; ƒ femur; ƒ', fibula; il, ilium; is, ischium; p, pubis; p', postpubis; t, tibia. Figures 1 and 2 are one-tweuntieth natural size. Figure 3.—Pelvis of the same individual; seen from the left. One-sixteenth natural size, a, acetabulum; other letters as in figure 2." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2838844/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="172" targetBox="[419,2232,251,3388]" targetPageId="6">Plate II, figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="1.[147,1325,262,2282]" pageId="1" pageNumber="172">In the functional digits (II, III, IV), the phalanges are elongate, thus materially lengthening the fore foot. The terminal phalanges of these digits are broad and flat, showing that they were covered with hoofs, and not with claws. The limb as a whole was thus adapted to locomotion or support, and not at all for prehension, although this might have been expected from its small size and position.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="1.[147,1325,262,2282]" pageId="1" pageNumber="172">The elongation of the fore-arm and manus is a peculiar feature, especially when taken in connection with the ungulate phalanges. It may, perhaps, be explained by supposing that the animal gradually assumed a more erect position until it became essentially a biped, while the fore limbs retained in a measure their primitive function, and did not become prehensile, which was the case in some allied forms.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="1.[147,1325,262,2282]" pageId="1" pageNumber="172">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA33690FFCCFFC348BDFB49FC12D035" blockId="1.[147,1325,262,2282]" pageId="1" pageNumber="172">In the functional digits (II, III, IV), the phalanges are elongate, thus materially lengthening the fore foot. The terminal phalanges of these digits are broad and flat, showing that they were covered with hoofs, and not with claws. The limb as a whole was thus adapted to locomotion or support, and not at all for prehension, although this might have been expected from its small size and position.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA33690FFCCFFC348BAF9BEFC47D103" blockId="1.[147,1325,262,2282]" pageId="1" pageNumber="172">The elongation of the fore-arm and manus is a peculiar feature, especially when taken in connection with the ungulate phalanges. It may, perhaps, be explained by supposing that the animal gradually assumed a more erect position until it became essentially a biped, while the fore limbs retained in a measure their primitive function, and did not become prehensile, which was the case in some allied forms.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA33690FFCCFFC348B9F893FBD3DE29" blockId="1.[147,1325,262,2282]" pageId="1" pageNumber="172">
|
||||
The pelvis is shown in
|
||||
<figureCitation box="[674,1146,1855,1893]" captionStart="Plate II" captionStartId="5.[723,811,373,403]" captionTargetBox="[419,2232,251,3388]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Plate II. Figure 1.—Left fore leg of Claosaurus annectens, Marsh; outside view, c, coracoid; h, humerus; r, radius; s, scapula; u, ulna; I. first digit; IV. fourth digit. • Figure 2.—Left hind leg of the same individual; outside view, a, astragalus: c, calcaneum; ƒ femur; ƒ', fibula; il, ilium; is, ischium; p, pubis; p', postpubis; t, tibia. Figures 1 and 2 are one-tweuntieth natural size. Figure 3.—Pelvis of the same individual; seen from the left. One-sixteenth natural size, a, acetabulum; other letters as in figure 2." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2838844/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="172" targetBox="[419,2232,251,3388]" targetPageId="6">Plate II, figures 2 and 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13272A15FFCCFFC34ADCF893FBE6D15D" box="[674,1146,1855,1893]" captionStart="Plate II" captionStartId="5.[723,811,373,403]" captionTargetBox="[419,2232,251,3388]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Plate II. Figure 1.—Left fore leg of Claosaurus annectens, Marsh; outside view, c, coracoid; h, humerus; r, radius; s, scapula; u, ulna; I. first digit; IV. fourth digit. • Figure 2.—Left hind leg of the same individual; outside view, a, astragalus: c, calcaneum; ƒ femur; ƒ', fibula; il, ilium; is, ischium; p, pubis; p', postpubis; t, tibia. Figures 1 and 2 are one-tweuntieth natural size. Figure 3.—Pelvis of the same individual; seen from the left. One-sixteenth natural size, a, acetabulum; other letters as in figure 2." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2838844/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="172" targetBox="[419,2232,251,3388]" targetPageId="6">Plate II, figures 2 and 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
, and has already been described by the writer. Its most notable features are seen in the pubis and ischium, the former having a very large expanded prepubis, with the postpubis rudimentary, while the shaft of the ischium is greatly elongated.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="1.[147,1325,262,2282]" pageId="1" pageNumber="172">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA33690FFCCFFC348B6F7B9FB48DEDF" blockId="1.[147,1325,262,2282]" pageId="1" pageNumber="172">
|
||||
The femur is long, and the shaft nearly straight. The great trochanter is well developed, while the third trochanter is large and near the middle of the shaft, as shown in
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Plate II" captionStartId="5.[723,811,373,403]" captionTargetBox="[419,2232,251,3388]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Plate II. Figure 1.—Left fore leg of Claosaurus annectens, Marsh; outside view, c, coracoid; h, humerus; r, radius; s, scapula; u, ulna; I. first digit; IV. fourth digit. • Figure 2.—Left hind leg of the same individual; outside view, a, astragalus: c, calcaneum; ƒ femur; ƒ', fibula; il, ilium; is, ischium; p, pubis; p', postpubis; t, tibia. Figures 1 and 2 are one-tweuntieth natural size. Figure 3.—Pelvis of the same individual; seen from the left. One-sixteenth natural size, a, acetabulum; other letters as in figure 2." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2838844/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="172" targetBox="[419,2232,251,3388]" targetPageId="6">Plate II, figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13272A15FFCCFFC34C70F7C7FF29DE84" captionStart="Plate II" captionStartId="5.[723,811,373,403]" captionTargetBox="[419,2232,251,3388]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Plate II. Figure 1.—Left fore leg of Claosaurus annectens, Marsh; outside view, c, coracoid; h, humerus; r, radius; s, scapula; u, ulna; I. first digit; IV. fourth digit. • Figure 2.—Left hind leg of the same individual; outside view, a, astragalus: c, calcaneum; ƒ femur; ƒ', fibula; il, ilium; is, ischium; p, pubis; p', postpubis; t, tibia. Figures 1 and 2 are one-tweuntieth natural size. Figure 3.—Pelvis of the same individual; seen from the left. One-sixteenth natural size, a, acetabulum; other letters as in figure 2." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2838844/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="172" targetBox="[419,2232,251,3388]" targetPageId="6">Plate II, figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
. The external condyle of the distal end is projected well backward, indicating great freedom of motion at the knee.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="2.[153,1324,278,1350]" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">The tibia is shorter than the femur, and has a prominent cnemial crest. The distal end is much flattened, and the astragalus is closely adapted to it. The fibula is very straight, with its lower end flattened and closely applied to the front of the tibia. The calcaneum is large, with its concave upper surface closely fitted to the end of the fibula. Of the second row of tarsals, only a single one appears to he ossified, and that is very small and thin, and placed between the calcancum and the fourth metatarsal, nearly or quite out of sight.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="2.[153,1324,278,1350]" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">The hind foot, or pes, had but three digits, the second, third, and fourth, all well developed and massive. The terminal phalanges were covered with broad hoofs. The first and fifth digits were entirely wanting.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA33690FFCFFFC048BAFEB4FBA3D4AE" blockId="2.[153,1324,278,1350]" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">The tibia is shorter than the femur, and has a prominent cnemial crest. The distal end is much flattened, and the astragalus is closely adapted to it. The fibula is very straight, with its lower end flattened and closely applied to the front of the tibia. The calcaneum is large, with its concave upper surface closely fitted to the end of the fibula. Of the second row of tarsals, only a single one appears to he ossified, and that is very small and thin, and placed between the calcancum and the fourth metatarsal, nearly or quite out of sight.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA33690FFCFFFC048B8FD37FD33D57A" blockId="2.[153,1324,278,1350]" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">The hind foot, or pes, had but three digits, the second, third, and fourth, all well developed and massive. The terminal phalanges were covered with broad hoofs. The first and fifth digits were entirely wanting.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="173" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="2.[153,1324,278,1350]" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C306651BFFCFFFC048B8FCEBFCFCD37E" pageId="2" pageNumber="173" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA33690FFCFFFC048B8FCEBFCFCD37E" blockId="2.[153,1324,278,1350]" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">
|
||||
A comparison of the limbs and feet of
|
||||
<emphasis box="[954,1174,839,877]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Marsh" authorityYear="1890" box="[954,1167,839,877]" class="Reptilia" family="Hadrosauridae" genus="Claosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Claosaurus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B968EA82FFCFFFC04BC4FCEBFB0AD555" box="[954,1174,839,877]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D13FFCFFFC04BC4FCEBFB13D555" authorityName="Marsh" authorityYear="1890" box="[954,1167,839,877]" class="Reptilia" genus="Claosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Claosaurus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
as here described and figured, with those of three allied forms from the Jurassic,
|
||||
<emphasis box="[419,884,925,963]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Marsh" authorityYear="1877" box="[419,641,925,963]" class="Reptilia" family="Stegosauridae" genus="Stegosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Stegosaurus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B968EA82FFCFFFC049DDFC31FCE8D5FB" box="[419,884,925,963]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D13FFCFFFC049DDFC31FD1DD5FB" authorityName="Marsh" authorityYear="1877" box="[419,641,925,963]" class="Reptilia" family="Stegosauridae" genus="Stegosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Stegosaurus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Marsh" authorityYear="1878" box="[677,877,925,963]" class="Reptilia" family="Hypsilophodontidae" genus="Laosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Laosaurus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D13FFCFFFC04ADBFC31FCF1D5FB" authorityName="Marsh" authorityYear="1878" box="[677,877,925,963]" class="Reptilia" family="Hypsilophodontidae" genus="Laosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Laosaurus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<emphasis box="[994,1269,925,963]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Marsh" authorityYear="1885" box="[994,1263,925,963]" class="Reptilia" family="Camptosauridae" genus="Camptosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Camptosaurus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B968EA82FFCFFFC04B9CFC31FB69D5FB" box="[994,1269,925,963]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D13FFCFFFC04B9CFC31FB73D5FB" authorityName="Marsh" authorityYear="1885" box="[994,1263,925,963]" class="Reptilia" genus="Camptosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Camptosaurus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
as shown on
|
||||
<figureCitation box="[359,547,968,1006]" captionStart="Plate IV" captionStartId="5.[709,797,1344,1374]" captionTargetBox="[404,2252,183,3423]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Plate IV. Figure 1.—Tooth of Stegosaurus ungulatus, Marsh, a, natural size; b, c, d, twice natural size. Figure 2.—Left fore leg of the same species. Figure 3.—Left hiud leg of the same species. Figures 2 and 3 are one-sixteenth natural size. Letters as in Plate II." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2838850/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="173" targetBox="[404,2252,183,3423]" targetPageId="8">Plates IV</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13272A15FFCFFFC04919FC64FDBFD5D6" box="[359,547,968,1006]" captionStart="Plate IV" captionStartId="5.[709,797,1344,1374]" captionTargetBox="[404,2252,183,3423]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Plate IV. Figure 1.—Tooth of Stegosaurus ungulatus, Marsh, a, natural size; b, c, d, twice natural size. Figure 2.—Left fore leg of the same species. Figure 3.—Left hiud leg of the same species. Figures 2 and 3 are one-sixteenth natural size. Letters as in Plate II." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2838850/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="173" targetBox="[404,2252,183,3423]" targetPageId="8">Plates IV</figureCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<figureCitation box="[651,687,968,1006]" captionStart="Plate V" captionStartId="5.[717,805,1617,1647]" captionTargetBox="[405,2301,184,3394]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Plate V. Figure 1.—Left hind leg of Laosaurus altus, Marsh; outside view. One-eighth natural size. Figure 2.—Left hiud leg of Camptosaurus dispar, Marsh; outside view. One- twelfth natural size. Figure 3.—Pelvis of the same individual; seen from the left. One-twelfth natural size. Letters as in the precediug plates." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2838852/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="173" targetBox="[405,2301,184,3394]" targetPageId="9">V</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13272A15FFCFFFC04AF5FC64FD33D5D6" box="[651,687,968,1006]" captionStart="Plate V" captionStartId="5.[717,805,1617,1647]" captionTargetBox="[405,2301,184,3394]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="Plate V. Figure 1.—Left hind leg of Laosaurus altus, Marsh; outside view. One-eighth natural size. Figure 2.—Left hiud leg of Camptosaurus dispar, Marsh; outside view. One- twelfth natural size. Figure 3.—Pelvis of the same individual; seen from the left. One-twelfth natural size. Letters as in the precediug plates." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2838852/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="173" targetBox="[405,2301,184,3394]" targetPageId="9">V</figureCitation>
|
||||
, is especially instructive. These three genera have already been quite fully described and figured by the writer, but new points of interest have been made out by the recent investigation of more perfect material. The present figures will show more accurately some of the mutual relations of these early herbivorous Dinosaurs to each other, as well as to their successors in Cretaceous time. The gradual changes that can be traced from one to the other will be discussed in a later communication.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
|
|
@ -1,95 +1,96 @@
|
|||
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<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4714694" ID-GBIF-Taxon="159871766" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4714694" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03B58786FFCFFFC1498BFA3BFD0CD45E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03B58786FFCFFFC1498BFA3BFD0CD45E" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="174" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">
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<paragraph blockId="2.[159,1333,1429,2140]" box="[501,979,1431,1467]" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">
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<taxonomicName authority="Leidy, 1856" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1856" box="[501,974,1431,1467]" class="Reptilia" family="Nodosauridae" genus="Palaeoscincus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis box="[501,748,1431,1467]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">Palaeoscincus,</emphasis>
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<subSubSection id="C306651BFFCFFFC0498BFA3BFC4FD383" box="[501,979,1431,1467]" pageId="2" pageNumber="173" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BA33690FFCFFFC0498BFA3BFC4FD383" blockId="2.[159,1333,1429,2140]" box="[501,979,1431,1467]" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D13FFCFFFC0498BFA3BFC52D383" authority="Leidy, 1856" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1856" box="[501,974,1431,1467]" class="Reptilia" genus="Palaeoscincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="173" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B968EA82FFCFFFC0498BFA3BFD70D383" box="[501,748,1431,1467]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">Palaeoscincus,</emphasis>
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Leidy, 1856
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="174" pageId="2" pageNumber="173" type="discussion">
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<paragraph blockId="2.[159,1333,1429,2140]" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">
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<paragraph id="8BA33690FFCFFFC048B5FA76FD7CD139" blockId="2.[159,1333,1429,2140]" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">
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||||
A new reptilian genus and species,
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1856" box="[903,1318,1498,1536]" class="Reptilia" family="Nodosauridae" genus="Palaeoscincus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="costatus">Palaeoscincus costatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D13FFCFFFC04BF9FA76FABAD038" authorityName="Leidy" authorityYear="1856" box="[903,1318,1498,1536]" class="Reptilia" genus="Palaeoscincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="costatus">Palaeoscincus costatus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, was proposed by Dr.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Leidy, J." box="[557,817,1540,1578]" pageId="2" pageNumber="173" year="1856">Leidy in 1856</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B61FFCFFFC04A53F9A8FCADD012" author="Leidy, J." box="[557,817,1540,1578]" pageId="2" pageNumber="173" year="1856">Leidy in 1856</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
for a single tooth found by Dr. Hayden in the Judith Basin. This tooth was more fully described and figured by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation author="Leidy, J." box="[694,980,1626,1664]" pageId="2" pageNumber="173" year="1860">Leidy in 1859</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF8D4B61FFCFFFC04AC8F9F6FC48D0B8" author="Leidy, J." box="[694,980,1626,1664]" pageId="2" pageNumber="173" year="1860">Leidy in 1859</bibRefCitation>
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||||
.* The specimen showed well-marked characters, and many similar teeth have since been found, both in the Judith Basin and in various other localities of the Laramie.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="2.[159,1333,1429,2140]" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA33690FFCFFFC048B3F8AAFB33DE61" blockId="2.[159,1333,1429,2140]" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">
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||||
A smaller species, apparently of the same genus, is not uncommon in the Ceratops beds of Wyoming, and a characteristic tooth is shown on
|
||||
<figureCitation box="[593,935,1884,1922]" captionStart="Plate III" captionStartId="5.[711,800,778,808]" captionTargetBox="[483,2350,192,3415]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Plate III. Figure 1.—Sternal bone of Claosaurus annectens. One-eighth natural size. a, seen from above; b, seen from below. Figure 2.—Left coracoid of Cimolopteryx rarus, Marsh. Natural size, a, front view; b, inuer view; c, back view; cl, lower eud. Figure 3.—Tooth of Palaeoscincus latus, Marsh, a, natural size; b, c, d, twice natural size. Figure 4.—Tooth of Aublysodon mirandus, Leidy. Natural size, a, front view, with sections; b, side view. (After Leidy.) Figure 5.—Tooth of Aublysodon amplus, Marsh. Natural size, a, side view; b, back view; c, front view. Figure 6.—Tooth of Aublysodon cristatus, Marsh. Twice natural size, a, side view; b, back view; c, front view ." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2838846/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="173" targetBox="[483,2350,192,3415]" targetPageId="7">Plate III, figure 3</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="13272A15FFCFFFC04A2FF8F0FC3BD1BA" box="[593,935,1884,1922]" captionStart="Plate III" captionStartId="5.[711,800,778,808]" captionTargetBox="[483,2350,192,3415]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Plate III. Figure 1.—Sternal bone of Claosaurus annectens. One-eighth natural size. a, seen from above; b, seen from below. Figure 2.—Left coracoid of Cimolopteryx rarus, Marsh. Natural size, a, front view; b, inuer view; c, back view; cl, lower eud. Figure 3.—Tooth of Palaeoscincus latus, Marsh, a, natural size; b, c, d, twice natural size. Figure 4.—Tooth of Aublysodon mirandus, Leidy. Natural size, a, front view, with sections; b, side view. (After Leidy.) Figure 5.—Tooth of Aublysodon amplus, Marsh. Natural size, a, side view; b, back view; c, front view. Figure 6.—Tooth of Aublysodon cristatus, Marsh. Twice natural size, a, side view; b, back view; c, front view ." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2838846/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="173" targetBox="[483,2350,192,3415]" targetPageId="7">Plate III, figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
. This may be taken as the type specimen, and the species it represents may he called
|
||||
<taxonomicName box="[289,657,1971,2009]" class="Reptilia" family="Nodosauridae" genus="Palaeoscincus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latus">
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<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D13FFCFFFC0495FF81FFD0DD1E1" box="[289,657,1971,2009]" class="Reptilia" genus="Palaeoscincus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="2" pageNumber="176" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="latus">
|
||||
Palaeoscincus
|
||||
<emphasis box="[565,657,1971,2009]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">latus</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B968EA82FFCFFFC04A4BF81FFD0DD1E1" box="[565,657,1971,2009]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">latus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis box="[657,663,1971,2009]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">.</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B968EA82FFCFFFC04AEFF81FFD0BD1E1" box="[657,663,1971,2009]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">.</emphasis>
|
||||
The crown of the tooth in this species is broader and the apex more pointed than in the first species described, and this is clearly shown in comparing the present figures on
|
||||
<figureCitation box="[512,683,2099,2137]" captionStart="Plate III" captionStartId="5.[711,800,778,808]" captionTargetBox="[483,2350,192,3415]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Plate III. Figure 1.—Sternal bone of Claosaurus annectens. One-eighth natural size. a, seen from above; b, seen from below. Figure 2.—Left coracoid of Cimolopteryx rarus, Marsh. Natural size, a, front view; b, inuer view; c, back view; cl, lower eud. Figure 3.—Tooth of Palaeoscincus latus, Marsh, a, natural size; b, c, d, twice natural size. Figure 4.—Tooth of Aublysodon mirandus, Leidy. Natural size, a, front view, with sections; b, side view. (After Leidy.) Figure 5.—Tooth of Aublysodon amplus, Marsh. Natural size, a, side view; b, back view; c, front view. Figure 6.—Tooth of Aublysodon cristatus, Marsh. Twice natural size, a, side view; b, back view; c, front view ." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2838846/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="173" targetBox="[483,2350,192,3415]" targetPageId="7">Plate III</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13272A15FFCFFFC04A7EF79FFD37DE61" box="[512,683,2099,2137]" captionStart="Plate III" captionStartId="5.[711,800,778,808]" captionTargetBox="[483,2350,192,3415]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="Plate III. Figure 1.—Sternal bone of Claosaurus annectens. One-eighth natural size. a, seen from above; b, seen from below. Figure 2.—Left coracoid of Cimolopteryx rarus, Marsh. Natural size, a, front view; b, inuer view; c, back view; cl, lower eud. Figure 3.—Tooth of Palaeoscincus latus, Marsh, a, natural size; b, c, d, twice natural size. Figure 4.—Tooth of Aublysodon mirandus, Leidy. Natural size, a, front view, with sections; b, side view. (After Leidy.) Figure 5.—Tooth of Aublysodon amplus, Marsh. Natural size, a, side view; b, back view; c, front view. Figure 6.—Tooth of Aublysodon cristatus, Marsh. Twice natural size, a, side view; b, back view; c, front view ." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2838846/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="173" targetBox="[483,2350,192,3415]" targetPageId="7">Plate III</figureCitation>
|
||||
with those given by Leidy.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<footnote pageId="2" pageNumber="173">
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="2.[162,1328,2173,2238]" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">
|
||||
<bibRef author="Leidy, J." journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="2" pageNumber="173" pagination="72-73" part="8" title="Notices of remains of extinct reptiles and fishes, discovered by Dr. F. V. Hayden in the bad lands of the Judith River, Nebraska Territory" type="journal article" year="1856">* Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, p. 72, 1856; and Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc., p. 146, pl. ix, figs. 49-52, 1859.</bibRef>
|
||||
<footnote id="E8072A9EFFCFFFC048BDF7D3FDFEDE86" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA33690FFCFFFC048BDF7D3FDFEDE86" blockId="2.[162,1328,2173,2238]" pageId="2" pageNumber="173">
|
||||
<bibRef id="52BCA266FFCFFFC048BDF7D3FDFEDE86" author="Leidy, J." journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Academy of Natural Sciences of Philadelphia" pageId="2" pageNumber="173" pagination="72-73" part="8" title="Notices of remains of extinct reptiles and fishes, discovered by Dr. F. V. Hayden in the bad lands of the Judith River, Nebraska Territory" type="journal article" year="1856">* Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci. Philadelphia, p. 72, 1856; and Trans. Amer. Phil. Soc., p. 146, pl. ix, figs. 49-52, 1859.</bibRef>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</footnote>
|
||||
<paragraph blockId="3.[174,1337,272,614]" pageId="3" pageNumber="174">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BA33690FFCEFFC148A4FEB8FD0CD45E" blockId="3.[174,1337,272,614]" pageId="3" pageNumber="174">
|
||||
The tooth from the Laramie described by Cope in 1882 as a mammalian premolar and as the type of the generic name
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1882" box="[175,420,362,400]" class="Mammalia" family="Taeniolabididae" genus="Meniscoessus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Multituberculata" pageId="3" pageNumber="174" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[175,420,362,400]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="174">Meniscoessus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D13FFCEFFC148D1FEC6FE38D7A8" authorityName="Cope" authorityYear="1882" box="[175,420,362,400]" class="Mammalia" family="Taeniolabididae" genus="Meniscoessus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Multituberculata" pageId="3" pageNumber="174" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B968EA82FFCEFFC148D1FEC6FE38D7A8" box="[175,420,362,400]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="174">Meniscoessus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
evidently belongs to the above or an allied genus, and all three are unquestionably the teeth of Dinosaurian reptiles pertaining to the order
|
||||
<emphasis box="[795,1018,447,485]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="174">
|
||||
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Marsh" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[795,1013,447,485]" class="Reptilia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stegosauria" pageId="3" pageNumber="174" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Stegosauria</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B968EA82FFCEFFC14B65FE13FC66D7DD" box="[795,1018,447,485]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="174">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D13FFCEFFC14B65FE13FC69D7DD" baseAuthorityName="Marsh" baseAuthorityYear="1877" box="[795,1013,447,485]" class="Reptilia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Stegosauria" pageId="3" pageNumber="174" phylum="Chordata" rank="order">Stegosauria</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
On
|
||||
<figureCitation captionStart="Plate IV" captionStartId="5.[709,797,1344,1374]" captionTargetBox="[404,2252,183,3423]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Plate IV. Figure 1.—Tooth of Stegosaurus ungulatus, Marsh, a, natural size; b, c, d, twice natural size. Figure 2.—Left fore leg of the same species. Figure 3.—Left hiud leg of the same species. Figures 2 and 3 are one-sixteenth natural size. Letters as in Plate II." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2838850/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="174" targetBox="[404,2252,183,3423]" targetPageId="8">Plate IV, figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13272A15FFCEFFC14CFDFE13FEA0D428" captionStart="Plate IV" captionStartId="5.[709,797,1344,1374]" captionTargetBox="[404,2252,183,3423]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="Plate IV. Figure 1.—Tooth of Stegosaurus ungulatus, Marsh, a, natural size; b, c, d, twice natural size. Figure 2.—Left fore leg of the same species. Figure 3.—Left hiud leg of the same species. Figures 2 and 3 are one-sixteenth natural size. Letters as in Plate II." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2838850/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="174" targetBox="[404,2252,183,3423]" targetPageId="8">Plate IV, figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
, a very small but typical tooth of
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Marsh" authorityYear="1877" box="[1002,1221,490,528]" class="Reptilia" family="Stegosauridae" genus="Stegosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="3" pageNumber="174" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis box="[1002,1221,490,528]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="174">Stegosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D13FFCEFFC14B94FE46FB59D428" authorityName="Marsh" authorityYear="1877" box="[1002,1221,490,528]" class="Reptilia" family="Stegosauridae" genus="Stegosaurus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="3" pageNumber="174" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B968EA82FFCEFFC14B94FE46FB59D428" box="[1002,1221,490,528]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="174">Stegosaurus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from the Jurassic is represented. The allied genus
|
||||
<emphasis box="[1048,1254,533,571]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="174">
|
||||
<taxonomicName authorityName="Marsh" authorityYear="1881" box="[1048,1246,533,571]" class="Reptilia" family="Stegosauridae" genus="Diracodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="3" pageNumber="174" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Diracodon</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B968EA82FFCEFFC14C66FDB9FB7AD403" box="[1048,1254,533,571]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="174">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C1C4D13FFCEFFC14C66FDB9FB42D403" authorityName="Marsh" authorityYear="1881" box="[1048,1246,533,571]" class="Reptilia" family="Stegosauridae" genus="Diracodon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Dinosauria" pageId="3" pageNumber="174" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Diracodon</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
also Jurassic, has similar teeth.
|
||||
|
|
|
|||
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Reference in a new issue