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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.e84187" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2747-8106-96-179" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FE0861D71BB454999EE6637C0D9B2B0C" ID-ZooBank="35B619086E6548B09A177281C2253391" ModsDocID="2747-8106-96-179" checkinTime="1670952513976" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Gruendel, Joachim, Keupp, Helmut, Lang, Fritz &amp; Nuetzel, Alexander" docDate="2022" docId="9F31007B5F94537EABAD69DFA47E579F" docLanguage="en" docName="Zitteliana 96: 179-221" docOrigin="Zitteliana 96" docPubDate="2022-12-12" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.e84187" docTitle="Ptygmatis mandelslohi" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="FE0861D71BB454999EE6637C0D9B2B0C" lastPageNumber="179" masterDocId="FE0861D71BB454999EE6637C0D9B2B0C" masterDocTitle="Late Jurassic (Upper Kimmeridgian) Heterobranchia (Gastropoda) of the coral-facies of Saal near Kelheim and the viciniy of Nattheim (Germany)" masterLastPageNumber="221" masterPageNumber="179" pageNumber="179" updateTime="1670952513976" updateUser="pensoft">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Late Jurassic (Upper Kimmeridgian) Heterobranchia (Gastropoda) of the coral-facies of Saal near Kelheim and the viciniy of Nattheim (Germany)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Gruendel, Joachim</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Institut fuer Geowissenschaften, Fachrichtung Palaeontologie, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Malteserstrasse 74 - 100, 12249 Berlin, Germany</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">joachim.gruendel@lingua-pura.de</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Keupp, Helmut</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Institut fuer Geowissenschaften, Fachrichtung Palaeontologie, Freie Universitaet Berlin, Malteserstrasse 74 - 100, 12249 Berlin, Germany</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Lang, Fritz</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Drosselweg 16, 96114 Hirschaid, Germany</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Nuetzel, Alexander</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8852-7688</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>SNSB-Bayerische Staatssammlung fuer Palaeontologie und Geologie, Richard-Wagner-Str. 10, 80333 Muenchen, Germany &amp; Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Paleontology and Geobiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universitaet Muenchen, Richard-Wagner-Str. 10, 80333 Muenchen, Germany</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Zitteliana</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2022-12-12</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>96</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>179</mods:start>
<mods:end>221</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
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<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.e84187</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zitteliana.96.e84187</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">2747-8106-96-179</mods:identifier>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9F31007B5F94537EABAD69DFA47E579F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9F31007B5F94537EABAD69DFA47E579F" lastPageNumber="179" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="179" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="179">
<taxonomicName LSID="9F31007B-5F94-537E-ABAD-69DFA47E579F" authority="(Bronn, 1836)" baseAuthorityName="Bronn" baseAuthorityYear="1836" class="Gastropoda" family="Ptygmatididae" genus="Ptygmatis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ptygmatis mandelslohi" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="mandelslohi">Ptygmatis mandelslohi (Bronn, 1836)</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="179" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="179">
<figureCitation captionStart="Plate 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Plate 9. Ptygmatis mandelslohi (Bronn, 1836). (1 - 4) SNSB-BSPG 2021 XV 27, Saal (collection Lang); (1) base, width 15 mm; (2 - 3) lateral views, height 35 mm; (4) last whorl with aperture, height 12 mm (original to Gruendel 2017, fig. 14 C). (5) SNSB-BSPG 2021 XV 28, Saal (collection Lang), last whorl with aperture, width 10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zitteliana.96.e84187.plate9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/780387" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Plate 9: figs 1-5</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="179" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="179">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bronn, 1836 sensu Quenstedt (1881 -" authorityYear="1884" class="Gastropoda" family="Ptygmatididae" genus="Nerinea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nerinea mandelslohi" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="mandelslohi">*1836 - Nerinea mandelslohi</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. - Bronn: 553, pl. 6, fig. 26.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="179">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bronn, 1836 sensu Quenstedt (1881 -" authorityYear="1884" class="Gastropoda" family="Ptygmatididae" genus="Nerinea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nerinea mandelslohi" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="mandelslohi">1844 - Nerinea mandelslohi</taxonomicName>
Bronn - Goldfuss: 39, pl. 175, fig. 4.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="179">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bronn, 1836 sensu Quenstedt (1881 -" authorityYear="1884" class="Gastropoda" family="Ptygmatididae" genus="Nerinea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nerinea mandelslohi" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="mandelslohi">non v1881-1884 - Nerinea mandelslohi</taxonomicName>
Bronn - Quenstedt: 535, pl. 206, figs 11, 12.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="179">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Bronn" baseAuthorityYear="1836" class="Gastropoda" family="Ptygmatididae" genus="Ptygmatis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ptygmatis mandelslohi" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="mandelslohi">?1882 - Ptygmatis mandelslohi</taxonomicName>
Bronn - Schlosser: 81, pl. 11, fig. 14.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="179">
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Ptygmatididae" genus="Ptygmatis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ptygmatis bruntrutana" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bruntrutana">1893 - Ptygmatis bruntrutana</taxonomicName>
(Thurmann), Zittel - Loriol in Loriol and Lambert: 25, pl. 2, figs 6, 7.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="179">
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Ptygmatididae" genus="Ptygmatis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ptygmatis bruntrutana" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bruntrutana">?part1979 - Ptygmatis bruntrutana</taxonomicName>
(Thurmann, 1832) - Wieczorek: 324, pl. 8, figs 2-5, 7; textfig. 10, 14, 19-21.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="179">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Thurmann, 1832 sensu Quenstedt (1881 -" authorityYear="1884" class="Gastropoda" family="Ptygmatididae" genus="Nerinea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nerinea bruntrutana" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bruntrutana">1997 - Nerinea bruntrutana</taxonomicName>
(Thurmann, 1832) -
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hägele">Haegele</normalizedToken>
: 128, fig. p. 128 upper left.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="179">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Voltz" baseAuthorityYear="1836" class="Gastropoda" family="Ptygmatididae" genus="Cryptoplocus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptoplocus depressus" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="depressus">part 1997 - Cryptoplocus depressus</taxonomicName>
(Bronn ex Voltz, 1836) - Fischer and Weber: 41, pl. 10, fig. 5 (non fig. 4).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="179">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pictet &amp; Campiche" authorityYear="1861" class="Gastropoda" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Nerineoidea">2017 - Nerineoidea</taxonomicName>
Nr. 6 -
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gründel">Gruendel</normalizedToken>
: 33, pl. 14C.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="179" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="179">
Four specimens from Saal:
<specimenCount type="generic">three specimens</specimenCount>
, collection Lang, two of which are illustrated (SNSB-BSPG 2021 XV 27, 28),
<specimenCount type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
collection Keupp, SNSB-BSPG 2021 XV 29, and one additional questionable specimen from Saal (collection Lang).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zitteliana.96.e84187.plate9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/780387" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" start="Plate 9" startId="F9">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="179">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Plate 9.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Bronn" baseAuthorityYear="1836" class="Gastropoda" family="Ptygmatididae" genus="Ptygmatis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ptygmatis mandelslohi" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="mandelslohi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Ptygmatis mandelslohi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Bronn, 1836).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">(1-4)</emphasis>
SNSB-BSPG 2021 XV 27, Saal (collection Lang);
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">(1)</emphasis>
base, width
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 mm</quantity>
;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">(2-3)</emphasis>
lateral views, height
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="mm" value="35.0">35 mm</quantity>
;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">(4)</emphasis>
last whorl with aperture, height
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
(original to
<bibRefCitation author="Gruendel, J" journalOrPublisher="Der Steinkern" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" pagination="20 - 47" refId="B30" refString="Gruendel, J, 2017. Die Gastropoden-Fauna von Saal bei Kelheim. Der Steinkern 30: 20 - 47" title="Die Gastropoden-Fauna von Saal bei Kelheim." volume="30" year="2017">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Gründel">Gruendel</normalizedToken>
2017
</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 14 C).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">(5)</emphasis>
SNSB-BSPG 2021 XV 28, Saal (collection Lang), last whorl with aperture, width
<quantity metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="179" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="179">
The illustrated specimen (Plate
<figureCitation captionStart="Plate 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Plate 9. Ptygmatis mandelslohi (Bronn, 1836). (1 - 4) SNSB-BSPG 2021 XV 27, Saal (collection Lang); (1) base, width 15 mm; (2 - 3) lateral views, height 35 mm; (4) last whorl with aperture, height 12 mm (original to Gruendel 2017, fig. 14 C). (5) SNSB-BSPG 2021 XV 28, Saal (collection Lang), last whorl with aperture, width 10 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zitteliana.96.e84187.plate9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/780387" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">9</figureCitation>
: figs 1-4) is 35 mm high. The shell is moderately wide. The early whorls increase more rapidly in width than later ones producing slightly cyrtoconoid outline. The whorls are much wider than high. The whorl face is straight to slightly concave. The sutures are hardly impressed but visible. The whorls have a weak subsutural spiral furrow; apart from that, the whorls are smooth. The base is weakly convex and demarcated from whorl face by a sharp, almost rectangular edge. The base is smooth and narrowly phaneromphalous. The aperture is rhomboid. The inner lip has a strong parietal plait and two columellar plaits. The adapical columellar plait is weaker than the abapical one. A weak palatal plait is visible.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="179" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="179">
According to
<bibRefCitation author="Fischer, J-C" journalOrPublisher="Masson, Paris" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" refId="B22" refString="Fischer, J-C, Weber, C, 1997. Revision critique de la paleontologie Francaise d'Alcide d'Orbigny. Vol. II: Gastropodes jurassiques. Masson, Paris" title="Revision critique de la paleontologie Francaise d'Alcide d'Orbigny. Vol. II: Gastropodes jurassiques." year="1997">Fischer and Weber (1997)</bibRefCitation>
,
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. mandelslohi" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" rank="species" species="mandelslohi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">P. mandelslohi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. bruntrutana" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" rank="species" species="bruntrutana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">P. bruntrutana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The specimen figured as
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. bruntrutana" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" rank="species" species="bruntrutana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">P. bruntrutana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation author="Fischer, J-C" journalOrPublisher="Masson, Paris" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" refId="B22" refString="Fischer, J-C, Weber, C, 1997. Revision critique de la paleontologie Francaise d'Alcide d'Orbigny. Vol. II: Gastropodes jurassiques. Masson, Paris" title="Revision critique de la paleontologie Francaise d'Alcide d'Orbigny. Vol. II: Gastropodes jurassiques." year="1997">Fischer and Weber (1997</bibRefCitation>
, pl. 10, fig. 6) is slenderer and has higher whorls than
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Bronn" baseAuthorityYear="1836" class="Gastropoda" family="Ptygmatididae" genus="Ptygmatis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ptygmatis mandelslohi" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="mandelslohi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Ptygmatis mandelslohi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Regarding these characters, this specimen agrees with
<taxonomicName authorityName="Thurmann, 1832 sensu Quenstedt (1881 -" authorityYear="1884" class="Gastropoda" family="Itieriidae" genus="Nerinea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nerinea bruntrutana" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="bruntrutana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Nerinea bruntrutana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as illustrated and described by
<bibRefCitation author="Thurmann, J" journalOrPublisher="Memoires de la Societe du museum d'histoire naturelle de Strasbourg" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" refId="B100" refString="Thurmann, J, Etallon, A, 1861-1864. Lethea bruntrutana ou etudes paleontologiques et stratigraphiques sur le Jura bernois et en particulier les environs de Porrentruy. Neue Denkschrift der allgemeinen Schweizerischen Gesellschaft fuer die Naturwissenschaften 18-20: 1-500." title="Lethea bruntrutana ou etudes paleontologiques et stratigraphiques sur le Jura bernois et en particulier les environs de Porrentruy. Neue Denkschrift der allgemeinen Schweizerischen Gesellschaft fuer die Naturwissenschaften 18 - 20: 1 - 500." year="1861 - 1864">
Thurmann and
<normalizedToken originalValue="Étallon">Etallon</normalizedToken>
(1861-1864)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="179">
The cyrtoconoid shape (produced by slower increase in width during ontogeny) is particularly characteristic of
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. mandelslohi" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" rank="species" species="mandelslohi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">P. mandelslohi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. This character is absent in most otherwise similar species. However, it is commonly unclear whether the lack of a cyrtoconoid shape is real or has not been recognized (e.g., due to preservation). This makes the differentiation of
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. mandelslohi" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" rank="species" species="mandelslohi">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">P. mandelslohi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from similar species difficult. Otherwise similar species that also have a cyrtoconoid shape may have an entirely different plait-pattern in the aperture, i.e., having only a single, strong parietal plait as is typical for the genus
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pictet &amp; Campiche" authorityYear="1861" class="Gastropoda" family="Ptygmatididae" genus="Cryptoplocus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptoplocus" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Cryptoplocus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(for instance
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gemmellaro" authorityYear="1864" class="Gastropoda" family="Ptygmatididae" genus="Cryptoplocus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptoplocus picteti" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="picteti">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Cryptoplocus picteti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Gemmellaro, 1870: 39, pl. 6, fig. 8). As a consequence, a correct generic assignment of such species is impossible if the plait-pattern is unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="179" type="relationships">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Relationships.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="179">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Voltz" baseAuthorityYear="1836" class="Gastropoda" family="Ptygmatididae" genus="Cryptoplocus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptoplocus depressus" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="depressus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Cryptoplocus depressus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Voltz, 1836) is distinctly larger, has whorls that are regularly increasing in width so that the shell is not cyrtoconoid, a wider umbilicus, and only a single parietal plait.
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Zeuschner" baseAuthorityYear="1849" class="Gastropoda" family="Ptygmatididae" genus="Ptygmatis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ptygmatis carpathica" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="carpathica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Ptygmatis carpathica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Zeuschner sensu Zeuschner (1850) and
<bibRefCitation author="Zittel, K" journalOrPublisher="Haidinger's Naturwissenschaftliche Abhandlungen" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" refId="B111" refString="Zittel, K, 1873. Die Gastropoden der Stramberger Schichten. Palaeontographica, Supplement 2/1: 194-373." title="Die Gastropoden der Stramberger Schichten. Palaeontographica, Supplement 2 / 1: 194 - 373." year="1873">Zittel (1873)</bibRefCitation>
has a distinct bulge at the transition from whorl face to base, a wider umbilicus, and a weakly concave whorl face.
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Zeuschner" baseAuthorityYear="1849" class="Gastropoda" family="Ptygmatididae" genus="Ptygmatis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ptygmatis carpathica" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="carpathica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Ptygmatis carpathica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Zeuschner) and
<taxonomicName lsidName="P. salomoniana" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" rank="species" species="salomoniana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">P. salomoniana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Cotteau, both sensu Loriol in
<bibRefCitation author="Loriol, P de" journalOrPublisher="Memoires Societe paleontologiques de Suisse" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" pagination="1 - 213" refId="B56" refString="Loriol, P de, Lambert, J, 1893. Description des Mollusques et Brachiopodes des couches sequaniennes de Tonnerre (Yonne). Memoires Societe paleontologiques de Suisse 20: 1 - 213" title="Description des Mollusques et Brachiopodes des couches sequaniennes de Tonnerre (Yonne)." volume="20" year="1893">Loriol and Lambert (1893)</bibRefCitation>
, are slenderer, have a distinct bulge at the transition from whorl face to base, and a more or less distinctly concave whorl face.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="179">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Zeuschner" baseAuthorityYear="1849" class="Gastropoda" family="Ptygmatididae" genus="Ptygmatis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ptygmatis carpathica" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="carpathica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Ptygmatis carpathica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Zeuschner) sensu Gemmellaro (1870) shows similar differences. Moreover, it is distinctly larger and the abapical spiral bulge is visible distinctly above the suture.
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Zeuschner" baseAuthorityYear="1849" class="Gastropoda" family="Itieriidae" genus="Nerinea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nerinea carpathica" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="carpathica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Nerinea carpathica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Zeuschner sensu
<bibRefCitation author="Thurmann, J" journalOrPublisher="Memoires de la Societe du museum d'histoire naturelle de Strasbourg" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" refId="B100" refString="Thurmann, J, Etallon, A, 1861-1864. Lethea bruntrutana ou etudes paleontologiques et stratigraphiques sur le Jura bernois et en particulier les environs de Porrentruy. Neue Denkschrift der allgemeinen Schweizerischen Gesellschaft fuer die Naturwissenschaften 18-20: 1-500." title="Lethea bruntrutana ou etudes paleontologiques et stratigraphiques sur le Jura bernois et en particulier les environs de Porrentruy. Neue Denkschrift der allgemeinen Schweizerischen Gesellschaft fuer die Naturwissenschaften 18 - 20: 1 - 500." year="1861 - 1864">
Thurmann and
<normalizedToken originalValue="Étallon">Etallon</normalizedToken>
(1861-1864)
</bibRefCitation>
is slenderer and has a concave whorl face.
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Voltz" baseAuthorityYear="1836" class="Gastropoda" family="Ptygmatididae" genus="Cryptoplocus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cryptoplocus depressus" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="depressus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Cryptoplocus depressus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Bronn ex Voltz, 1836) sensu
<bibRefCitation author="Fischer, J-C" journalOrPublisher="Masson, Paris" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" refId="B22" refString="Fischer, J-C, Weber, C, 1997. Revision critique de la paleontologie Francaise d'Alcide d'Orbigny. Vol. II: Gastropodes jurassiques. Masson, Paris" title="Revision critique de la paleontologie Francaise d'Alcide d'Orbigny. Vol. II: Gastropodes jurassiques." year="1997">Fischer and Weber (1997</bibRefCitation>
: pl. 10, fig. 5, non fig. 4) is slenderer and has higher whorls.
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Cerithiidae" genus="Cerithium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cerithium climax" order="Littorinimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="climax">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Cerithium climax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Zittel sensu
<bibRefCitation author="Blaschke, F" journalOrPublisher="Annalen des Naturhistorischen Hofmuseums in Wien" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" pagination="143 - 222" refId="B3" refString="Blaschke, F, 1911. Zur Tithonfauna von Stramberg in Maehren. Annalen des Naturhistorischen Hofmuseums in Wien 25: 143 - 222" title="Zur Tithonfauna von Stramberg in Maehren." volume="25" year="1911">Blaschke (1911)</bibRefCitation>
has more and lower whorls; its transition to the base is seemingly more strongly rounded.
<taxonomicName authorityName="Pchelintsev" authorityYear="1965" class="Gastropoda" family="Ptygmatididae" genus="Ptygmatis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ptygmatis submirabilis" pageId="0" pageNumber="179" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="submirabilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="179">Ptygmatis submirabilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Pchelintsev, 1965 is larger and slenderer, its spiral bulge at the transition from whorl face to base is more pronounced and visible above the suture.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

295
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<mods:namePart>Bidault, Ehoarn</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Missouri Botanical Garden, Africa &amp; Madagascar Department, St. Louis, Missouri, USA &amp; Institut de Systematique, Evolution, et Biodiversite (ISYEB), Unite Mixte de Recherche 7205, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique / Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle / Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, Sorbonne Universites, Paris, France</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Ikabanga, Davy U.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Laboratoire d'Ecophysiologie et de Biodiversite Vegetale, Departement de Biologie, Faculte des Sciences, Universite des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku (USTM), Franceville, Gabon</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Nguimbit, Igor</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Laboratoire d'Ecophysiologie et de Biodiversite Vegetale, Departement de Biologie, Faculte des Sciences, Universite des Sciences et Techniques de Masuku (USTM), Franceville, Gabon</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Rutishauser, Rolf</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Herbarium et Bibliotheque de Botanique africaine, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Mesterhazy, Attila</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7952-5990</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, University of Zurich, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Stevart, Tariq</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Missouri Botanical Garden, Africa &amp; Madagascar Department, St. Louis, Missouri, USA &amp; Evolutionary Biology and Ecology Unit, Faculte des Sciences, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium &amp; Centre for Ecological Research, Wetland Ecology Research Group, Debrecen, Hungary</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9F316A03C3855E81A411040A480D3A51" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9F316A03C3855E81A411040A480D3A51" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
<taxonomicName ID-CoL="3X8L9" ID-ENA="1156796" LSID="9F316A03-C385-5E81-A411-040A480D3A51" authority="(Baill.) C. Cusset (Cusset 1978: 298)" authorityName="C. Cusset (Cusset" authorityYear="1978" baseAuthorityName="Baill." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Podostemaceae" genus="Macropodiella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Macropodiella heteromorpha" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heteromorpha">Macropodiella heteromorpha (Baill.) C.Cusset (Cusset 1978: 298)</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Distribution maps of Podostemaceae in Gabon. A. Ledermanniella pusilla (red diamonds), L. tenuifolia (grey circle). B. Ledermanniella pygmaea (grey circles), Macropodiella heteromorpha (red diamonds). C. Macropodiella hallaei (grey circles), Saxicolella nana (red diamonds). D. Tristicha trifaria (grey circles)." figureDoi="10.5091/plecevo.96359.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/816317" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Podostemaceae" genus="Sphaerothylax" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Sphaerothylax heteromorpha" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heteromorpha">Sphaerothylax heteromorpha</taxonomicName>
Baill. (
<bibRefCitation author="Baillon, H" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin Mensuel de la Societe Linneenne de Paris" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" pagination="876 - 879" refId="B3" refString="Baillon, H, 1890. Observations sur quelques nouveaux types du Congo. Bulletin Mensuel de la Societe Linneenne de Paris 2: 876 - 879" title="Observations sur quelques nouveaux types du Congo." volume="2" year="1890">Baillon 1890</bibRefCitation>
: 876) - Type: same as for
<taxonomicName authorityName="C. Cusset (Cusset" authorityYear="1978" baseAuthorityName="Baill." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Podostemaceae" genus="Macropodiella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Macropodiella heteromorpha" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="heteromorpha">Macropodiella heteromorpha</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Podostemaceae" genus="Macropodiella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Macropodiella mildbraedii" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mildbraedii">Macropodiella mildbraedii</taxonomicName>
Engl. (
<bibRefCitation author="Engler, A" journalOrPublisher="Botanische Jahrbuecher fuer Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" pagination="451 - 467" refId="B28" refString="Engler, A, 1926. Beitraege zur Flora von Afrika. LII. Podostemonaceae africanae. IV. Botanische Jahrbuecher fuer Systematik, Pflanzengeschichte und Pflanzengeographie 60 (5): 451 - 467" title="Beitraege zur Flora von Afrika. LII. Podostemonaceae africanae. IV." volume="60" year="1926">Engler 1926</bibRefCitation>
: 466, plate 4) - Type: CAMEROON • Nyong river, south of
<normalizedToken originalValue="Yaoundé">Yaounde</normalizedToken>
[&quot;Auf
<normalizedToken originalValue="Felsblöcken">Felsbloecken</normalizedToken>
im Nyong,
<normalizedToken originalValue="südlich">suedlich</normalizedToken>
von Jaunde&quot;]; Jan. 1914; [
<geoCoordinate degrees="3" direction="north" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="30" value="3.5083334">
3°30
<normalizedToken originalValue="’30”">'30&quot;</normalizedToken>
N
</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="11" direction="east" minutes="29" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="33" value="11.4925">
11°29
<normalizedToken originalValue="’33”">'33&quot;</normalizedToken>
E
</geoCoordinate>
]; 640 m; fl.;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Mildbraed 7749</emphasis>
; holotype: B [B 10 0294990].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1887-02" collectorName="de Lope" country="GABON" elevation="110" latitude="-0.09388889" location="Ogooue river" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="11.59" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry name="Gabon">GABON</collectingCountry>
• Rapids in the
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9F316A03C3855E81A411040A480D3A51:6C0F9527AB0260EF7C2D59553DF389B4" country="GABON" latitude="-0.09388889" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="11.59" name="Ogooue river">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ogooué">Ogooue</normalizedToken>
river
</location>
at
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lopé">Lope</normalizedToken>
[&quot;Rapides
<collectorName>
de
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lopé”">Lope&quot;</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
];
<collectingDate value="1887-02">Feb. 1887</collectingDate>
; [
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="05" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="38" value="-0.09388889">
0°05
<normalizedToken originalValue="’38”">'38&quot;</normalizedToken>
S
</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="11" direction="east" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="24" value="11.59">
11°35
<normalizedToken originalValue="’24”">'24&quot;</normalizedToken>
E
</geoCoordinate>
];
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" unit="m" value="110.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" unit="m" value="110.0">110 m</elevation>
</quantity>
; fl., fr.;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Thollon 729</emphasis>
;
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
: P [P00179126]; isotypes: P [P00179127, P00179128]
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
Ivory Coast, Cameroon, Gabon. This species was originally described based on material collected by Thollon in 1885 and 1887 in the
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ogooué">Ogooue</normalizedToken>
river, at the
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lopé">Lope</normalizedToken>
rapids. It is also known from the Ivindo river (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Florence 527</emphasis>
) and the
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ogooué">Ogooue</normalizedToken>
rapids at
<normalizedToken originalValue="Booué">Booue</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
N.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hallé">Halle</normalizedToken>
201
</emphasis>
and
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
N.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hallé">Halle</normalizedToken>
204
</emphasis>
). In Cameroon, it is known from the Nyong (at Mbalmayo and south of Makak) and Ntem rivers (
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mve’ele">Mve'ele</normalizedToken>
and Campo falls). A single collection is known from Ivory Coast:
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Guillaumet 1569</emphasis>
on the Cavally river. A collection from Courtet, without collection number, is available in Paris, but its locality data are considered as very doubtful (see Notes for
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. hallaei" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="hallaei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">M. hallaei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Since 2019, it was collected three times by the authors and colleagues, in the
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lenké">Lenke</normalizedToken>
river (a small tributary of the
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ogooué">Ogooue</normalizedToken>
near
<normalizedToken originalValue="Booué">Booue</normalizedToken>
) and in the Ivindo river (at the
<normalizedToken originalValue="Touné">Toune</normalizedToken>
falls near its confluence with the
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ogooué">Ogooue</normalizedToken>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="habitat">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Habitat and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
Falls and rapids in rivers from ca 40 to 600 m wide, 40-640 m in elevation. Unlike
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. hallaei" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="hallaei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">M. hallaei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, this species is widely distributed, but appears to be rare when encountered. It is apparently restricted to micro-habitats submitted to fast-flowing water. In the
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lenké">Lenke</normalizedToken>
river, it has been found mixed with
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Podostemaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="I. thollonii" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thollonii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">I. thollonii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Podostemaceae" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="L. aloides" order="Malpighiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aloides">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">L. aloides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In Gabon, flowers and fruits were collected in January, February, and July, and in Cameroon in January, February, July, and December. In Gabon, old fruits were observed in early September.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="59" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="59">
Surprisingly, recent inventories carried out at the
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ogooué">Ogooue</normalizedToken>
rapids near
<normalizedToken originalValue="Booué">Booue</normalizedToken>
in 2019, 2020, and 2021 did not allow to rediscover this species at this site, though having been collected there in 1966 by Nicolas
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hallé">Halle</normalizedToken>
and Annick Le Thomas, and then noted as being abundantly present. Nevertheless, recent inventories revealed its presence in the
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lenké">Lenke</normalizedToken>
river only 8 km northwest of
<normalizedToken originalValue="Booué">Booue</normalizedToken>
, and the
<normalizedToken originalValue="Touné">Toune</normalizedToken>
falls of the Ivindo, 30 km east of
<normalizedToken originalValue="Booué">Booue</normalizedToken>
. We cannot exclude the possibility of a natural replacement of this species by
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. hallaei" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="hallaei">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">M. hallaei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
over time, which shares the same micro-habitats and was recently noted as very abundant at
<normalizedToken originalValue="Booué">Booue</normalizedToken>
. Such mechanisms are only postulated and would need further studies to be confirmed and understood. Even though
<taxonomicName lsidName="M. heteromorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="59" rank="species" species="heteromorpha">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="59">M. heteromorpha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was not recently collected at
<normalizedToken originalValue="Booué">Booue</normalizedToken>
, its absence from this large area of rapids (ca 550
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
900 m), difficult to access in their entirety, is not certain. This site does not seem to have suffered from any particular human-induced impact, but it is yet unknown whether past stochastic events (such as exceptional natural disturbances of the seasonal variations of water levels) may have favoured one species over another. It is also possible that in such a dynamic environment, natural species replacement may occur without any human-induced impact or natural stochastic extreme climatic events. Long-term surveys of selected areas should be designed to explore these questions, and the
<normalizedToken originalValue="Booué">Booue</normalizedToken>
rapids seem a good candidate, being located near the city and comprising eight different species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/JHR.43.8560" ID-GBIF-Dataset="9de00312-de60-4225-b363-69a9b45493db" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2607-43-45" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFAE6E40E208FFC11E681F11E157FFDA" ID-ZBK="400C0A045BB046539A87535B5CA22D0C" ID-Zenodo-Dep="575063" ID-ZooBank="400C0A045BB046539A87535B5CA22D0C" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2015" ModsDocID="1314-2607-43-45" ModsDocOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 43" ModsDocTitle="Key to Nearctic species of Trissolcus Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae), natural enemies of native and invasive stink bugs (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae)" checkinTime="1451252215265" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Talamas, Elijah J., Johnson, Norman F. &amp; Buffington, Matthew" docDate="2015" docId="9F319605295453D98FAE38ED5EAFADDB" docLanguage="en" docName="JourHymenoptRes 43: 45-110" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 43" docPubDate="2015-03-27" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/JHR.43.8560" docTitle="Trissolcus japonicus" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="FFAE6E40E208FFC11E681F11E157FFDA" lastPageNumber="72" masterDocId="FFAE6E40E208FFC11E681F11E157FFDA" masterDocTitle="Key to Nearctic species of Trissolcus Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae), natural enemies of native and invasive stink bugs (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae)" masterLastPageNumber="110" masterPageNumber="45" pageNumber="71" updateTime="1678745954541" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:title>Key to Nearctic species of Trissolcus Ashmead (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae), natural enemies of native and invasive stink bugs (Hemiptera, Pentatomidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Talamas, Elijah J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1048-6345</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">billy.jenkins@GMAIL.COM</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:namePart>Johnson, Norman F.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1691-5187</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Buffington, Matthew</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1900-3861</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title>Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
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<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2015-03-27</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>43</mods:number>
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<mods:start>45</mods:start>
<mods:end>110</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/JHR.43.8560</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/JHR.43.8560</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2607-43-45</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152018044" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9F319605295453D98FAE38ED5EAFADDB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/9F319605295453D98FAE38ED5EAFADDB" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="72" pageId="26" pageNumber="71">
<subSubSection pageId="26" pageNumber="71" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="26" pageNumber="71">
<taxonomicName LSID="008D5E88-C94E-5C59-8BCA-30C8E1EAEAF3" authority="(Ashmead)" baseAuthorityName="Ashmead" baseAuthorityYear="1904" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Trissolcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trissolcus japonicus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="71" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">Trissolcus japonicus (Ashmead)</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="27" pageNumber="72" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="72">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 17–22" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figures 17 - 22. 25 17 T. japonicus, female (USNMENT 00675989), mesosoma, lateral view 18 T. occiduus, female (USNMENT 00764995), mesosoma, lateral view 19 Trissolcus cultratus, female (USNMENT 00764850), head and mesosoma, dorsolateral view 20 T. euschisti, female (OSUC 523871), mesosoma, lateral view 21 T. japonicus, female (USNMENT 00675989), mesosoma, posterolateral view 22 T. hullensis, female (OSUC 523881), mesosoma, dorsolateral view. Scale bars in millimeters." figureDoi="10.3897/JHR.43.8560.figures17-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/40938" pageId="27" pageNumber="72">
<pageBreakToken pageId="27" pageNumber="72" start="start">Figures</pageBreakToken>
17
</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 17–22" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figures 17 - 22. 25 17 T. japonicus, female (USNMENT 00675989), mesosoma, lateral view 18 T. occiduus, female (USNMENT 00764995), mesosoma, lateral view 19 Trissolcus cultratus, female (USNMENT 00764850), head and mesosoma, dorsolateral view 20 T. euschisti, female (OSUC 523871), mesosoma, lateral view 21 T. japonicus, female (USNMENT 00675989), mesosoma, posterolateral view 22 T. hullensis, female (OSUC 523881), mesosoma, dorsolateral view. Scale bars in millimeters." figureDoi="10.3897/JHR.43.8560.figures17-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/40938" pageId="27" pageNumber="72">, 21</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 23–28" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figures 23 - 28. 26 23 T. strabus, female (BMSB 1203), mouthparts, anterior view 24 T. hullensis, female, (OSUC 523881), head and mesosoma, anterolateral view 25 T. japonicus, female holotype, (USNMENT 00831865), mouthparts, anterior view 26 T. strabus, female, (BMSB 1202), head mesosoma, anterolateral view 27 T. erugatus, female, (OSUC 523929), head mesosoma, anterolateral view 28 T. euschisti, female, (BMSB 1223), head mesosoma, anterolateral view. Scale bars in millimeters." figureDoi="10.3897/JHR.43.8560.figures23-28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/40939" pageId="27" pageNumber="72">, 25</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 68–71" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figures 68 - 71. 39 Trissolcus japonicus 68 female (USNMENT 00872402), head, mesosoma, metasoma, lateral view 69 female (USNMENT 00675989), head, mesosoma, metasoma, dorsal view 7 0 female (USNMENT 00675989), head, mesosoma, ventral view 71 female (USNMENT 00872402), head, anterolateral view. Scale bars in millimeters." figureDoi="10.3897/JHR.43.8560.figures68-71" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/40952" pageId="27" pageNumber="72">, 68-71</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="27" pageNumber="72" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="72">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1904" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Dissolcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dissolcus japonicus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<pageBreakToken pageId="27" pageNumber="72" start="start">Dissolcus</pageBreakToken>
japonicus
</taxonomicName>
Ashmead, 1904: 73 (original description);
<bibRefCitation author="Kieffer, JJ" journalOrPublisher="Das Tierreich" pageId="44" pageNumber="89" refId="B42" refString="Kieffer, JJ, 1926. . Das Tierreich Vol. 48" title="Das Tierreich" volume="Vol. 48" year="1926">Kieffer 1926</bibRefCitation>
: 124, 125 (description, keyed).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="72">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Ashmead" baseAuthorityYear="1904" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Trissolcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trissolcus japonicus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">Trissolcus japonicus</taxonomicName>
(Ashmead):
<bibRefCitation author="Masner, L" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology Supplement" pageId="45" pageNumber="90" refId="B56" refString="Masner, L, Muesebeck, CFW, 1968." year="1968">Masner and Muesebeck 1968</bibRefCitation>
: 72 (type information, generic transfer);
<bibRefCitation author="Hirashima, Y" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University" pageId="43" pageNumber="88" pagination="153 - 159" refId="B28" refString="Hirashima, Y, Yamagishi, K, 1981. Redescriptions of the types of some Japanese Scelionidae preserved in the United States National Museum (Hymenoptera, Proctotrupoidea). Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University 25: 153 - 159" title="Redescriptions of the types of some Japanese Scelionidae preserved in the United States National Museum (Hymenoptera, Proctotrupoidea)." volume="25" year="1981">Hirashima and Yamagishi 1981</bibRefCitation>
: 153 (description, synonymy);
<bibRefCitation author="Ryu, J" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University" pageId="46" pageNumber="91" pagination="35 - 58" refId="B67" refString="Ryu, J, Hirashima, Y, 1984. Taxonomic studies on the genus Trissolcus Ashmead of Japan and Korea (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae). Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture, Kyushu University 29: 35 - 58" title="Taxonomic studies on the genus Trissolcus Ashmead of Japan and Korea (Hymenoptera, Scelionidae)." volume="29" year="1984">Ryu and Hirashima 1984</bibRefCitation>
: 37, 43 (description, keyed);
<bibRefCitation author="Talamas, EJ" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Hymenoptera Research" pageId="46" pageNumber="91" pagination="113 - 117" publicationUrl="10.3897/jhr.33.5627" refId="B72" refString="Talamas, EJ, Buffington, M, Hoelmer, L, 2013. New synonymy of Trissolcus halyomorphae Yang. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 33: 113 - 117, DOI: 10.3897/jhr.33.5627" title="New synonymy of Trissolcus halyomorphae Yang." url="10.3897/jhr.33.5627" volume="33" year="2013">Talamas, Buffington and Hoelmer 2013</bibRefCitation>
: 114 (description, synonymy, type information).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="72">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Yang" authorityYear="2009" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Trissolcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trissolcus halyomorphae" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="halyomorphae">Trissolcus halyomorphae</taxonomicName>
Yang:
<bibRefCitation author="Qiu, LF" journalOrPublisher="Scientia Silvae Sinicae" pageId="45" pageNumber="90" pagination="62 - 65" refId="B64" refString="Qiu, LF, Yang, ZQ, Tao, WQ, 2007. . Scientia Silvae Sinicae 43: 62 - 65" volume="43" year="2007">Qiu, Yang and Tao 2007</bibRefCitation>
: 62 (unavailable: nomen nudum);
<bibRefCitation author="Yang, ZQ" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Entomological Society of America" pageId="47" pageNumber="92" pagination="39 - 47" publicationUrl="10.1603/008.102.0104" refId="B82" refString="Yang, ZQ, Yao, XY, Qiu, LF, Li, ZX, 2009. A new species of Trissolcus (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) parasitizing eggs of Halyomorpha halys (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) in China with comments on its biology. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 102: 39 - 47, DOI: 10.1603/008.102.0104" title="A new species of Trissolcus (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) parasitizing eggs of Halyomorpha halys (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) in China with comments on its biology." url="10.1603/008.102.0104" volume="102" year="2009">Yang, Yao, Qiu and Li 2009</bibRefCitation>
: 40 (original description);
<bibRefCitation author="Talamas, EJ" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Hymenoptera Research" pageId="46" pageNumber="91" pagination="113 - 117" publicationUrl="10.3897/jhr.33.5627" refId="B72" refString="Talamas, EJ, Buffington, M, Hoelmer, L, 2013. New synonymy of Trissolcus halyomorphae Yang. Journal of Hymenoptera Research 33: 113 - 117, DOI: 10.3897/jhr.33.5627" title="New synonymy of Trissolcus halyomorphae Yang." url="10.3897/jhr.33.5627" volume="33" year="2013">Talamas, Buffington and Hoelmer 2013</bibRefCitation>
: 114 (junior synonym of
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Ashmead" baseAuthorityYear="1904" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Trissolcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trissolcus japonicus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="72">Trissolcus japonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Ashmead)).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="27" pageNumber="72" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="72">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="72">
As previous authors have stated (
<bibRefCitation author="Yang, ZQ" journalOrPublisher="Annals of the Entomological Society of America" pageId="47" pageNumber="92" pagination="39 - 47" publicationUrl="10.1603/008.102.0104" refId="B82" refString="Yang, ZQ, Yao, XY, Qiu, LF, Li, ZX, 2009. A new species of Trissolcus (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) parasitizing eggs of Halyomorpha halys (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) in China with comments on its biology. Annals of the Entomological Society of America 102: 39 - 47, DOI: 10.1603/008.102.0104" title="A new species of Trissolcus (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae) parasitizing eggs of Halyomorpha halys (Heteroptera: Pentatomidae) in China with comments on its biology." url="10.1603/008.102.0104" volume="102" year="2009">Yang et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
),
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="T. japonicus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="72">T. japonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
belongs to the
<taxonomicName authorityName="Talamas &amp; Johnson &amp; Buffington" authorityYear="2015" baseAuthorityName="Talamas &amp; Johnson &amp; Buffington" baseAuthorityYear="2015" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Trissolcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trissolcus flavipes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipes">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="72">Trissolcus flavipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group, first recognized by
<bibRefCitation author="Kozlov, MA" journalOrPublisher="Entomologicheskoye Obozreniye" pageId="44" pageNumber="89" pagination="657 - 667" refId="B47" refString="Kozlov, MA, Le, XH, 1976. . Entomologicheskoye Obozreniye 55: 657 - 667" volume="55" year="1976">
Kozlov and
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lê">Le</normalizedToken>
(1976)
</bibRefCitation>
and refined by
<bibRefCitation author="Johnson, NF" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Ohio Biological Survey" pageId="44" pageNumber="89" pagination="1 - 113" refId="B34" refString="Johnson, NF, 1984. Systematics of Nearctic Telenomus: classification and revisions of the podisi and phymatae species groups (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae). Bulletin of the Ohio Biological Survey 6: 1 - 113" title="Systematics of Nearctic Telenomus: classification and revisions of the podisi and phymatae species groups (Hymenoptera: Scelionidae)." volume="6" year="1984">Johnson (1984)</bibRefCitation>
.
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Ashmead" baseAuthorityYear="1904" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Trissolcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trissolcus japonicus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="72">Trissolcus japonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may be separated from other species of the
<taxonomicName authorityName="Talamas &amp; Johnson &amp; Buffington" authorityYear="2015" baseAuthorityName="Talamas &amp; Johnson &amp; Buffington" baseAuthorityYear="2015" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Trissolcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trissolcus flavipes" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipes">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="72">Trissolcus flavipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group
<taxonomicName authorityName="Ashmead" authorityYear="1893" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Trissolcus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Trissolcus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="72">Trissolcus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the Nearctic by the following characters: orbital furrow expanded near intersection with malar sulcus; postacetabular and mesopleural epicoxal sulci formed by lines of closed cells (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 68–71" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figures 68 - 71. 39 Trissolcus japonicus 68 female (USNMENT 00872402), head, mesosoma, metasoma, lateral view 69 female (USNMENT 00675989), head, mesosoma, metasoma, dorsal view 7 0 female (USNMENT 00675989), head, mesosoma, ventral view 71 female (USNMENT 00872402), head, anterolateral view. Scale bars in millimeters." figureDoi="10.3897/JHR.43.8560.figures68-71" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/40952" pageId="27" pageNumber="72">70</figureCitation>
); episternal foveae extending from dorsal apex of postacetabular carina to mesopleural pit (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 68–71" captionStartId="F20" captionText="Figures 68 - 71. 39 Trissolcus japonicus 68 female (USNMENT 00872402), head, mesosoma, metasoma, lateral view 69 female (USNMENT 00675989), head, mesosoma, metasoma, dorsal view 7 0 female (USNMENT 00675989), head, mesosoma, ventral view 71 female (USNMENT 00872402), head, anterolateral view. Scale bars in millimeters." figureDoi="10.3897/JHR.43.8560.figures68-71" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/40952" pageId="27" pageNumber="72">68</figureCitation>
); 4 clypeal setae (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 23–28" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figures 23 - 28. 26 23 T. strabus, female (BMSB 1203), mouthparts, anterior view 24 T. hullensis, female, (OSUC 523881), head and mesosoma, anterolateral view 25 T. japonicus, female holotype, (USNMENT 00831865), mouthparts, anterior view 26 T. strabus, female, (BMSB 1202), head mesosoma, anterolateral view 27 T. erugatus, female, (OSUC 523929), head mesosoma, anterolateral view 28 T. euschisti, female, (BMSB 1223), head mesosoma, anterolateral view. Scale bars in millimeters." figureDoi="10.3897/JHR.43.8560.figures23-28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/40939" pageId="27" pageNumber="72">25</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="27" pageNumber="72" type="link to distribution map">
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="72">Link to distribution map.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="72">[http://hol.osu.edu/map-large.html?id=3249]</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="27" pageNumber="72" type="associations">
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="72">Associations.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="72">
Emerged from egg of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" genus="Halyomorpha" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Halyomorpha halys" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="halys">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="72">Halyomorpha halys</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<normalizedToken originalValue="Stål">Stal</normalizedToken>
): [
<taxonomicName authorityName="G.Mayr" authorityYear="1864" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hemiptera</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName authorityName="G.Mayr" authorityYear="1864" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Heteroptera">Heteroptera</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName authorityName="G.Mayr" authorityYear="1864" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Pentatomoidea">Pentatomoidea</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName authorityName="W.E.Leach" authorityYear="1815" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pentatomidae</taxonomicName>
]; emerged from
<taxonomicName authorityName="Scott" authorityYear="1874" class="Insecta" family="Moraceae" genus="Plautia" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plautia stali" order="Hemiptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stali">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="72">Plautia stali</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Scott: [
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hemiptera</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Heteroptera">Heteroptera</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Pentatomoidea">Pentatomoidea</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName authorityName="W.E.Leach" authorityYear="1815" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pentatomidae</taxonomicName>
]; collected on mulberry: [
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Urticales" pageId="27" pageNumber="72" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="order">Urticales</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Moraceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Moraceae</taxonomicName>
]; emerged from stink bug: [
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hemiptera</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Heteroptera">Heteroptera</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Pentatomoidea">Pentatomoidea</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName authorityName="W.E.Leach" authorityYear="1815" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pentatomidae</taxonomicName>
]; emerged from egg of stink bug: [
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Hemiptera</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subOrder" subOrder="Heteroptera">Heteroptera</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="superFamily" superFamily="Pentatomoidea">Pentatomoidea</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName authorityName="W.E.Leach" authorityYear="1815" class="Insecta" family="Pentatomidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Hemiptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="72" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pentatomidae</taxonomicName>
]
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="27" pageNumber="72" type="material examined">
<paragraph pageId="27" pageNumber="72">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="73" pageId="27" pageNumber="72">
Holotype, female,
<taxonomicName lsidName="D. japonicus" pageId="28" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="73">
<pageBreakToken pageId="28" pageNumber="73" start="start">D</pageBreakToken>
. japonicus
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="73">JAPAN:</emphasis>
Kanagawa Pref., Ashigarashimo Dist., Hakone Town, no date, Koebele, USNMENT00831865 (deposited in USNM).
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="73">Paratypes</emphasis>
:
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="73">CHINA:</emphasis>
2 females, USNMENT00872401, USNMENT00872402 (USNM).
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="73">Other material</emphasis>
: (44 females, 16 males, 12 sex unrecorded)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="73">CHINA:</emphasis>
32 females, 11 males, 1 sex unrecorded, USNMENT00979190, USNMENT00979191, USNMENT00979192-USNMENT00979198, USNMENT00979200, USNMENT00979201-USNMENT00979221 (CNCI); USNMENT00675704, USNMENT00675738, USNMENT00675739, USNMENT00675743, USNMENT00675747, USNMENT00675925, USNMENT00764940, USNMENT00764941, USNMENT00764944, USNMENT00764948, USNMENT00764949, USNMENT00764984, USNMENT00916255 (USNM).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="73">JAPAN:</emphasis>
8 females, 4 males, 10 sex unrecorded, OSUC 144481-144482, 398858, USNMENT00896340 (CNCI); OSUC 145632, 75843-75848 (OSUC); USNMENT00675755, USNMENT00675770, USNMENT00872125-USNMENT00872133 (USNM).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="73">RUSSIA:</emphasis>
1 female, USNMENT00979287 (CNCI).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="73">SOUTH KOREA:</emphasis>
3 females, 1 male, USNMENT00979251, USNMENT00979254 (CNCI); USNMENT00675705, USNMENT00675708 (USNM).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>