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<document id="0614B8966227DC23A2EA6A1029FAEF97" ID-CLB-Dataset="51169" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4066.5.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e26a6084-0368-4a35-b8d6-115b1c8c0c8e" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="260947" ID-ZooBank="34FD1E55-D28E-481C-B10B-F149392BDC11" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1459690322205" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Soares, Karla D. A., Gomes, Ulisses L. & De Carvalho, Marcelo R." docDate="2016" docId="0570016CFFBEFFE40ADBFB00FA247712" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4066.5.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4066 (5)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Scyliorhinus" docType="key" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="530" masterDocId="F9497914FFA3FFF90A4CFFACFFB27027" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic review of catsharks of the Scyliorhinus haeckelii group, with the description of a new species (Chondrichthyes: Carcharhiniformes: Scyliorhinidae)" masterLastPageNumber="534" masterPageNumber="501" pageNumber="530" updateTime="1698209193187" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="5C8D27BBA6301BCE9DFA5AC7EA4207D7">Taxonomic review of catsharks of the Scyliorhinus haeckelii group, with the description of a new species (Chondrichthyes: Carcharhiniformes: Scyliorhinidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="69B3DF2B54224533A22CF2C7A56758DC">Soares, Karla D. A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="404A265008D11E29554657A1E1A59578">Gomes, Ulisses L.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="40B3A25D90A714A65D9E5CDE10D42D61">De Carvalho, Marcelo R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="F5B79F2B9DE2E276B344D376011C7067">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:number id="4F5DFA09700A115E6E7F0FC85102F2BB">4066</mods:number>
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Key to southwestern Atlantic species of
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<taxonomicName id="4AD9CBF9FFBEFFE408CBFB07FC9274E2" ID-CoL="63SXP" ID-ENA="7829" box="[647,800,1195,1221]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="29" pageNumber="530" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="BFAD6C68FFBEFFE408CBFB07FC9274E2" bold="true" box="[647,800,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">Scyliorhinus</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</emphasis>
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<keyLead id="3628134FFFBEFFE40ADBFB5EFA2E755B" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">
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1a. Saddles and subsaddles rectangular with anterior and posterior median projections; saddles and spots faded, poorly defined in relation to background color; dark spots small, spiracle-sized, concentrated within saddles and not randomly scattered on back; light spots larger or equal to spiracles and scattered randomly on back; mouth width around 10% TL; head wide and depressed at gill-slits; interdorsal space 2.1–2.5 times dorsal-caudal space; adult males at
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TL and adult female at
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<quantity id="4A211D9FFFBEFFE40F40FAE6FAE97578" box="[1292,1371,1354,1375]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="29" pageNumber="530" unit="mm" value="500.0">500 mm</quantity>
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TL.........................................................................................
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<taxonomicName id="4AD9CBF9FFBEFFE40EBFFACBFA2E755B" ID-CoL="4W57X" box="[1267,1436,1383,1404]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="29" pageNumber="530" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ugoi">
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<emphasis id="BFAD6C68FFBEFFE40EBFFACBFA2E755B" box="[1267,1436,1383,1404]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">Scyliorhinus ugoi</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8D66B07AFFBEFFE40ADBFA29FA297628" blockId="29.[151,1436,1266,1845]" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">
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<keyLead id="3628134FFFBEFFE40ADBFA29FA297628" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">
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1b. Saddles and subsaddles not rectangular and without anterior and posterior median projections; saddles and spots clearly defined in relation to background color; spots varying in size, concentrated within saddles or randomly scattered on back; light spots, when present, smaller than spiracles and concentrated within saddles; mouth width around 8% TL; head slender, not depressed at gill-slits; interdorsal space 2 times or less dorsal-caudal space; adult males smaller than
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TL and adult females about
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<quantity id="4A211D9FFFBEFFE40B20FA56FE097628" box="[364,443,1530,1551]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" pageId="29" pageNumber="530" unit="mm" value="420.0">420 mm</quantity>
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||||
TL.............................................................................. 2
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<keyLead id="3628134FFFBEFFE40ADBF9BBFA247685" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">
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2a. Black spots bilaterally symmetrical, restricted to saddles and subsaddles; spots, when present between saddles, larger than spiracles, forming a single row; sickle-shaped, lunate, and double spots present; white spots, when present, occur from the pectoral saddle in males and from the first dorsal fin saddle in females; most spots larger than spiracles; envelope well-defined and exorhipidion well-developed in claspers; first dorsal fin square-tipped or triangular; head length 17.5–19.2% TL.............................................................................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD9CBF9FFBEFFE40E8EF921FA247685" ID-CoL="6XZWW" box="[1218,1430,1677,1698]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="29" pageNumber="530" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="haeckelii">
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<emphasis id="BFAD6C68FFBEFFE40E8EF921FA247685" box="[1218,1430,1677,1698]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">Scyliorhinus haeckelii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="8D66B07AFFBEFFE40ADBF906FA247712" blockId="29.[151,1436,1266,1845]" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">
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<keyLead id="3628134FFFBEFFE40ADBF906FA247712" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">
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2b. Black spots randomly scattered on back, without bilateral symmetry and not restricted to saddles and subsaddles; spots between saddles smaller or equal to spiracles, not forming a single row; sickle-shaped, lunate and double spots absent; white spots present, situated before the first dorsal fin saddle in males and females; most spots smaller than spiracles; envelope absent and exorhipidion poorly developed in claspers; first dorsal fin triangular, never square-tipped; head length 19.7–20.8% TL......................................................................
|
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<taxonomicName id="4AD9CBF9FFBEFFE40E1CF8B3FAF07713" ID-CoL="4W56Y" box="[1104,1346,1823,1844]" class="Elasmobranchii" family="Scyliorhinidae" genus="Scyliorhinus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Carcharhiniformes" pageId="29" pageNumber="530" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cabofriensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="BFAD6C68FFBEFFE40E1CF8B3FAF07713" box="[1104,1346,1823,1844]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">Scyliorhinus cabofriensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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<emphasis id="BFAD6C68FFBEFFE40F05F8B3FA247712" bold="true" box="[1353,1430,1823,1845]" pageId="29" pageNumber="530">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
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</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</keyLead>
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</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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</document>
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78
data/05/70/79/057079C792DE03724669D5DE5102BC4A.xml
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78
data/05/70/79/057079C792DE03724669D5DE5102BC4A.xml
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@ -0,0 +1,78 @@
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<mods:title id="9CE2A926D56F58B4B06EDBE726BACEA4">Pheidole in the New World. A dominant, hyperdiverse ant genus.</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="15942286D0EEC02AEBBCFE1FDD8B65B4">Wilson, E. O.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="057079C792DE03724669D5DE5102BC4A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6275269" ID-GBIF-Taxon="100119835" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6275269" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:057079C792DE03724669D5DE5102BC4A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/057079C792DE03724669D5DE5102BC4A" lastPageNumber="548" pageNumber="548">
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<taxonomicName id="1EB526FAF2221AA08826F4C52C4BAC75" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:181965" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole truncula Wilson" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole truncula Wilson" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="548" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncula">Pheidole truncula</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="23D4656093513266CFF5B0824970161D" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="48B8FDED419031403FF735C12C5F7CF3" pageNumber="548">Types INB io.</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="D9C701E673AB826157D495F55D3BD5CC" type="etymology">
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<paragraph id="2DF25D36A29AD3D6F267409E477C4F1B" pageNumber="548">
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Etymology L
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9CCFD0F23CB9DA4E4E96435E6A09E163" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:181965" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole truncula Wilson" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole truncula Wilson" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="548" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncula">truncula</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, diminutive of trunca, cut off, maimed, referring to the head of the major.
|
||||
</paragraph>
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||||
</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="7078D9430CFAD2844876FDF5F7CB2DD6" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="4C301FB51F24714D5BA90B2211D37C16" pageNumber="548">
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||||
Diagnosis a typical member of the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C0C45AE56A11334C48115F6103F2E815" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33822" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole lamia Wheeler" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole lamia Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="548" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lamia">lamia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
group: the major has a phragmotic head, with the anterior portion incorporating the clypeus and mandibles flattened (truncated), and deep antennal scrobes. This species is easily distinguished from the other members of the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="07BDBC97C8F43D4471B3DE992CE71123" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33822" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole lamia Wheeler" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole lamia Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="548" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lamia">lamia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
group (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1E464F310C9C3E1554ECE9A07B05DB14" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33676" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole colobopsis Mann" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole colobopsis Mann" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="548" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="colobopsis">colobopsis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8E7E3942DC50358A7E6A4B1A65E1295" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33822" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole lamia Wheeler" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole lamia Wheeler" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="548" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lamia">lamia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C8F57062E964B1A6024EF7BA917B059D" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:181964" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole pelor Wilson" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole pelor Wilson" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="548" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pelor">pelor</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) by the complete absence of carinulae on the head, which is instead foveolate and opaque, and by other differences in body form and sculpturing as depicted.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="8CD2039F4FFBD1772452899279896105" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="63E5A7BC10F2A1B235E4371BDF1DE446" pageNumber="548">Measurements (mm) Holotype major: HW 0.74, HL 0.94, SL 0.42, EL 0.14, PW 0.44.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="DF64DD038AF060D59739C73A5067BC59" pageNumber="548">Paralectotype minor: HW 0.50, HL 0.52, SL 0.40, EL 0.10, PW 0.30.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="C8D4886BEA3E7DCE1B96DCBF7DFA96B9" pageNumber="548">color Major: concolorous yellowish brown.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="175978C9DE27E16EC75C67264312BD8D" pageNumber="548">Minor: light brown except for funiculus and tarsi, which are dark yellow.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="0CC1E36AAE64C1806A56134A8A59CDF2" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="F3577914B981AE8BAF527CED3838D96E" pageNumber="548">range Known only from several collections from the type locality.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="357AF461A554CD3579F4223183A90380" type="biology_ecology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="C7F94288CA6A6C43ABD759E96688EC5F" pageNumber="548">
|
||||
Biology Occurs at Penas Blancas in wet forest and nests at least in part arboreally, apparently in live plant stems (Longino 1997). On one occasion workers were mixed with those of the rare army-ant-like ponerine
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="202FA786A385684BA9EDCDDA0E7479CC" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:24850" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Simopelta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Simopelta Mann" lsidName-HNS="Simopelta Mann" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="548" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Simopelta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, making it likely that the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2EE87EAA4A110DFB3B2139D47725CF1C" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:181965" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole truncula Wilson" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole truncula Wilson" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="548" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="truncula">truncula</taxonomicName>
|
||||
were under attack as prey at the moment of collection.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="1906788548A76C10994270BC97528556" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A6EC77414C9345E9CD2DE86CC917747B" pageNumber="548">Figure Upper: holotype, major. Lower: paratype, minor. COSTA RICA: Penas Blancas, Alajuela, lO^ON 84°70 W 940 m (J. T. Longino). Scale bars = 1 mm.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
491
data/05/70/87/057087A3FF90FFA441FFFEA2931FD2C2.xml
Normal file
491
data/05/70/87/057087A3FF90FFA441FFFEA2931FD2C2.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,491 @@
|
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<mods:mods id="2A8E054E40364AD576C9B2DADF95FCF7" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="6028E31DB93767CA346A29538E556701">
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<mods:title id="EF9CA35896E136854E6941DE07731B01">Two new species of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Cameron’s Highlands, Peninsular Malaysia, with keys to 21 species of the Simulium asakoae species-group</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:name id="775D125F0A9D0EB4117600A6B1AF32A0" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="2C1A19D36B3E277D8C1E4DF33FCA900D">
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<mods:roleTerm id="8C0B2FFB7A6221BCE0CB3A8FFAC07F50">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="F060A2716C14F5BA83A7FA4C26024B58">Takaoka, H.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="0F8A9EDEF00C808B8AC0929509CE6315" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="4494A4D23F3D8F67CC44474CE6D23120">
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="1EAA231DC362CC5E9C769E969C8590BF">Sofian-Azirun, M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="A4E4C90713C7245A8CD62B40B24CAD14" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="D140C324E840FFAF403B68533DF9CAD1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="0D72A6708A67A809891C25253293E220">Ob, Z. Ya’C</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="4E13C2C92DF8603B75E5B6E76CB4CDB0" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="846A7994C972A4FECE17996E6432964A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="244C512280C47256E33590AED49FDB8D">Hashim, R.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="2DDCA9967CADACBFEE57C7421EF66420">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="2D432D60EA8044063F273D2AC2FAC188">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="2236706D99814A4D2F84CCAD19AB5B40">
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<mods:date id="9237B3A9ADA5BCA5B5122BE93B72CD46">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="7E4C7D3BAC0F7E6262F099E45400741D" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="D7B3BD9FBF7BD123C29C8DC40DE54D41">3765</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="086A3AF36C454F832F74D05C4B663C13" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="F942275D487FFDFC39504C52FCF3F3F7">1</mods:number>
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|
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification id="9BDB72C0D708D79160299874F8CB655E">journal volume</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="B022606AD7D08E2380017BCDDE93C1D7" type="CLB-Dataset">46444</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="1629A983BAAC909D31922F8CE0F9E948" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3765.1.3</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="7E70FD466568CB49B970EED2C69058EA" type="GBIF-Dataset">53c9a243-d6b8-446c-b840-ae810004d85a</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="B40A006A290600FFDCA578EE929382C5" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment id="057087A3FF90FFA441FFFEA2931FD2C2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6141970" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119414878" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6141970" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:057087A3FF90FFA441FFFEA2931FD2C2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/057087A3FF90FFA441FFFEA2931FD2C2" lastPageId="9" pageId="7">
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<subSubSection id="C5C3653EFF90FFAA41FFFEA295D9D460" box="[151,1187,284,311]" pageId="7" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph id="8D6636B5FF90FFAA41FFFEA295D9D460" blockId="7.[151,1187,284,311]" box="[151,1187,284,311]" pageId="7">
|
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<heading id="D62E81D9FF90FFAA41FFFEA295D9D460" bold="true" box="[151,1187,284,311]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="7" reason="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF90FFAA41FFFEA295D9D460" bold="true" box="[151,1187,284,311]" pageId="7">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF90FFAA41FFFEA292BAD460" ID-CoL="9HKFV" authority="Takaoka, Sofian-Azirun" authorityName="Takaoka, Sofian-Azirun" box="[151,960,284,311]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanahrataense" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF90FFAA41FFFEA29075D461" bold="true" box="[151,271,284,310]" italics="true" pageId="7">Simulium</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF90FFAA4077FEA290ABD461" bold="true" box="[287,465,284,310]" italics="true" pageId="7">Gomphostilbia</emphasis>
|
||||
)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF90FFAA4089FEA293F7D461" bold="true" box="[481,653,284,310]" italics="true" pageId="7">tanahrataense</emphasis>
|
||||
Takaoka, Sofian-Azirun
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
& Ya’cob sp. nov.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C5C3653EFF90FFA441FFFEE0936CD69F" lastPageId="9" pageId="7" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8D6636B5FF90FFAA41FFFEE093CAD2A5" blockId="7.[151,1437,350,2034]" pageId="7">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF90FFAA41FFFEE091AED420" bold="true" box="[151,212,350,375]" pageId="7">Male</emphasis>
|
||||
. Body length
|
||||
<quantity id="4A219B50FF90FFAA4015FEE09371D421" box="[381,523,350,375]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="7" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="2.6" valueMin="2.4">2.4–2.6 mm</quantity>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF90FFAA4372FEE09322D420" bold="true" box="[538,600,350,375]" italics="true" pageId="7">Head</emphasis>
|
||||
. Nearly as wide as thorax. Upper eye medium brown, consisting of 14 vertical columns and 15 horizontal rows of large facets. Face dark brown, grayish-white pruinose. Clypeus brownish-black, whitish pruinose, densely covered with golden yellow scale-like medium-long hairs (mostly directed upward) interspersed with several dark brown simple longer hairs. Antenna composed of scape, pedicel and 9 flagellomeres, dark brown except scape and pedicel light brown and base of first flagellomere yellow; first flagellomere elongate, 2.11 times length of second one. Maxillary palp light to medium brown, with 5 segments, proportional lengths of third, fourth, and fifth segments 1.00:1.10:2.60; third segment (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF90FFAA451EFD8895C3D718" box="[1142,1209,566,591]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[241,1348,203,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[233,1355,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male and pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) tanahrataense sp. nov. A – I, male; J & K, pupa. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, abdominal segment 10 and cercus (right side and outer view); J, gill filaments (apical tips of all filaments lost) (right side and outer view); K, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B, C and J; 0.02 mm for A, D – I and K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227651/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
A) slightly widened apically; sensory vesicle (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF90FFAA40DEFDE4908DD724" box="[438,503,602,627]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[241,1348,203,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[233,1355,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male and pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) tanahrataense sp. nov. A – I, male; J & K, pupa. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, abdominal segment 10 and cercus (right side and outer view); J, gill filaments (apical tips of all filaments lost) (right side and outer view); K, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B, C and J; 0.02 mm for A, D – I and K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227651/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
A) ellipsoidal, small (0.16–0.18 times length of third segment), with small opening.
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF90FFAA41FFFDC09196D7C0" bold="true" box="[151,236,638,663]" italics="true" pageId="7">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||||
. Scutum dark brown to black, shiny and thinly grayish-white pruinose on each shoulder, on broad area along each lateral margin and on prescutellar area when illuminated at certain angles; scutum densely covered with golden-yellow recumbent short hairs. Scutellum dark brown, with golden-yellow short hairs and dark brown long upright hairs along posterior margin. Postnotum dark brown and bare. Pleural membrane bare. Katepisternum dark brown, moderately covered with fine hairs.
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF90FFAA43EFFCB193C7D671" bold="true" box="[647,701,783,806]" italics="true" pageId="7">Legs</emphasis>
|
||||
. Foreleg: coxa yellow though anterior surface slightly darkened; trochanter light brown except base yellow; femur light brown with apical cap medium brown; tibia light brown except median large portion on outer surface whitish and apical 1/4 dark brown, and with white sheen on outer surface of basal 3/4; tarsus brownish-black; basitarsus moderately dilated, 7.50–7.69 times as long as its greatest width. Midleg: coxa medium brown except posterior surface brownish-black; trochanter light brown except basal 1/2 yellow; femur light brown except apical cap medium brown (though extreme tip yellow); tibia dark brown except basal 1/4 or little more yellow; tarsus dark brown though little less than basal 1/2 of basitarsus dark yellow to light brown.
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F5CE7625FF90FFAA4026FBB490FCD174" box="[334,390,1034,1059]" name="India" pageId="7">Hind</collectingCountry>
|
||||
leg: coxa medium brown; trochanter yellow; femur medium brown with base yellow and apical cap dark brown (though extreme tip yellow); tibia (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF90FFAA4274FB909227D110" box="[796,861,1070,1095]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[241,1348,203,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[233,1355,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male and pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) tanahrataense sp. nov. A – I, male; J & K, pupa. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, abdominal segment 10 and cercus (right side and outer view); J, gill filaments (apical tips of all filaments lost) (right side and outer view); K, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B, C and J; 0.02 mm for A, D – I and K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227651/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
B) dark brown to brownish-black except little more than basal 1/3 yellow; tarsus (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF90FFAA408BFBEC9359D13C" box="[483,547,1106,1131]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[241,1348,203,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[233,1355,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male and pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) tanahrataense sp. nov. A – I, male; J & K, pupa. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, abdominal segment 10 and cercus (right side and outer view); J, gill filaments (apical tips of all filaments lost) (right side and outer view); K, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B, C and J; 0.02 mm for A, D – I and K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227651/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
C) medium to dark brown except little less than basal 1/2 of basitarsus and little less than basal 1/2 of second tarsomere yellowish; basitarsus (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF90FFAA4230FBC892E1D1D8" box="[856,923,1142,1167]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[241,1348,203,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[233,1355,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male and pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) tanahrataense sp. nov. A – I, male; J & K, pupa. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, abdominal segment 10 and cercus (right side and outer view); J, gill filaments (apical tips of all filaments lost) (right side and outer view); K, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B, C and J; 0.02 mm for A, D – I and K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227651/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
C) enlarged, gradually widened to little more than middle, then nearly parallel-sided or slightly narrowed toward apex, 3.76–3.79 times as long as wide, and 0.89–0.90 and 0.99–1.00 times as wide as greatest width of tibia and femur, respectively; calcipala (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF90FFAA4451FB009405D180" box="[1337,1407,1214,1239]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[241,1348,203,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[233,1355,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male and pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) tanahrataense sp. nov. A – I, male; J & K, pupa. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, abdominal segment 10 and cercus (right side and outer view); J, gill filaments (apical tips of all filaments lost) (right side and outer view); K, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B, C and J; 0.02 mm for A, D – I and K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227651/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
C) slightly shorter than basal width, and 0.32 times as wide as greatest width of basitarsus. Pedisulcus (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF90FFAA446DFB5C943DD1AC" box="[1285,1351,1250,1275]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[241,1348,203,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[233,1355,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male and pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) tanahrataense sp. nov. A – I, male; J & K, pupa. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, abdominal segment 10 and cercus (right side and outer view); J, gill filaments (apical tips of all filaments lost) (right side and outer view); K, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B, C and J; 0.02 mm for A, D – I and K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227651/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
C) well defined.
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF90FFAA4192FAB8904CD048" bold="true" box="[250,310,1286,1311]" italics="true" pageId="7">Wing</emphasis>
|
||||
. Length
|
||||
<quantity id="4A219B50FF90FFAA40F7FAB99083D049" box="[415,505,1287,1311]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="7" unit="mm" value="2.2">2.2 mm</quantity>
|
||||
. Costa with dark brown spinules as well as dark brown hairs except basal portion with patch of yellowish hairs. Subcosta with 6–12 hairs. Hair tuft on base of radial vein yellow. Basal portion of radius fully haired; R1 with dark spinules and hairs; R2 with hairs only. Basal cell absent.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF90FFAA45CAFAF09591D030" box="[1186,1259,1358,1383]" class="Insecta" family="Nemopteridae" genus="Halter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF90FFAA45CAFAF09591D030" bold="true" box="[1186,1259,1358,1383]" italics="true" pageId="7">Halter</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Grayish-white except basal stem darkened.
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF90FFAA40BFFACB933FD0D9" bold="true" box="[471,581,1397,1422]" italics="true" pageId="7">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||||
. Basal scale dark brown, with fringe of light to medium brown hairs. Dorsal surface of abdomen medium brown to brownish-black except anterior and dorsolateral areas of segment 2 light brown, and moderately covered with dark brown short to long hairs; segments 2 and 5–7 each with pair of shiny dorsolateral patches; ventral surface of segments 2 and 3 white except sternal plate of segment 3 light brown, those of other segments medium to dark brown.
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF90FFAA43E3F9BB938CD349" bold="true" box="[651,758,1541,1566]" italics="true" pageId="7">Genitalia</emphasis>
|
||||
. Coxite in ventral view (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF90FFAA4576F9BB9519D349" box="[1054,1123,1541,1566]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[241,1348,203,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[233,1355,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male and pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) tanahrataense sp. nov. A – I, male; J & K, pupa. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, abdominal segment 10 and cercus (right side and outer view); J, gill filaments (apical tips of all filaments lost) (right side and outer view); K, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B, C and J; 0.02 mm for A, D – I and K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227651/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
D) nearly rectangular, 1.86 times as long as its greatest width. Style in ventral view (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF90FFAA4249F9979219D315" box="[801,867,1577,1602]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[241,1348,203,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[233,1355,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male and pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) tanahrataense sp. nov. A – I, male; J & K, pupa. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, abdominal segment 10 and cercus (right side and outer view); J, gill filaments (apical tips of all filaments lost) (right side and outer view); K, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B, C and J; 0.02 mm for A, D – I and K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227651/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
D) bent inward, slightly tapered from base toward apical 1/3, then nearly parallel-sided, rounded apically and with apical spine; style in ventrolateral view (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF90FFAA4456F9F394FBD331" box="[1342,1409,1613,1638]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[241,1348,203,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[233,1355,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male and pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) tanahrataense sp. nov. A – I, male; J & K, pupa. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, abdominal segment 10 and cercus (right side and outer view); J, gill filaments (apical tips of all filaments lost) (right side and outer view); K, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B, C and J; 0.02 mm for A, D – I and K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227651/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
E) moderately tapered from base toward apex and with truncate apex; style in medial view (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF90FFAA45C2F9CF9595D3DD" box="[1194,1263,1649,1674]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[241,1348,203,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[233,1355,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male and pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) tanahrataense sp. nov. A – I, male; J & K, pupa. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, abdominal segment 10 and cercus (right side and outer view); J, gill filaments (apical tips of all filaments lost) (right side and outer view); K, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B, C and J; 0.02 mm for A, D – I and K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227651/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
F) shorter than coxite (0.76 times length of coxite), gently bent inward, nearly parallel-sided, with apical spine. Ventral plate in ventral view (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF90FFAA405AF907900ED385" box="[306,372,1721,1746]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[241,1348,203,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[233,1355,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male and pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) tanahrataense sp. nov. A – I, male; J & K, pupa. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, abdominal segment 10 and cercus (right side and outer view); J, gill filaments (apical tips of all filaments lost) (right side and outer view); K, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B, C and J; 0.02 mm for A, D – I and K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227651/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
D) with body transverse, 0.55 times as long as wide, widened posteriorly, with anterior margin produced anteromedially, and posterior margin slightly concave medially, densely covered with microsetae on ventral surface; basal arms of moderate length, directed forward, then slightly convergent apically; ventral plate in lateral view (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF90FFAA4059F89B900DD269" box="[305,375,1829,1854]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[241,1348,203,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[233,1355,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male and pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) tanahrataense sp. nov. A – I, male; J & K, pupa. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, abdominal segment 10 and cercus (right side and outer view); J, gill filaments (apical tips of all filaments lost) (right side and outer view); K, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B, C and J; 0.02 mm for A, D – I and K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227651/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
G) moderately produced ventrally; ventral plate in end view (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF90FFAA4521F89B95F4D269" box="[1097,1166,1829,1854]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[241,1348,203,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[233,1355,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male and pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) tanahrataense sp. nov. A – I, male; J & K, pupa. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, abdominal segment 10 and cercus (right side and outer view); J, gill filaments (apical tips of all filaments lost) (right side and outer view); K, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B, C and J; 0.02 mm for A, D – I and K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227651/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
H) trapezoidal, densely covered with microsetae on posterior surface except portion near each lateral tip somewhat widely bare. Median sclerite (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF90FFAA4190F8D39040D2D1" box="[248,314,1901,1926]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[241,1348,203,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[233,1355,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male and pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) tanahrataense sp. nov. A – I, male; J & K, pupa. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, abdominal segment 10 and cercus (right side and outer view); J, gill filaments (apical tips of all filaments lost) (right side and outer view); K, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B, C and J; 0.02 mm for A, D – I and K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227651/files/figure.png" pageId="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
D) thin, plate-like, wide. Parameres of moderate size, each with 3 distinct long and stout hooks and several smaller ones. Aedeagal membrane moderately setose, slightly sclerotized at base but dorsal plate not well defined. Ventral surface of abdominal segment 10 without distinct hairs near posterior margin. Cercus in lateral view (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF90FFAA41B4F8679064D2A5" box="[220,286,2009,2034]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[241,1348,203,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[233,1355,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male and pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) tanahrataense sp. nov. A – I, male; J & K, pupa. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, abdominal segment 10 and cercus (right side and outer view); J, gill filaments (apical tips of all filaments lost) (right side and outer view); K, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B, C and J; 0.02 mm for A, D – I and K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227651/files/figure.png" pageId="7">
|
||||
Fig.
|
||||
<date id="F9671075FF90FFAA4079F8649064D2A5" box="[273,286,2010,2034]" pageId="7">3</date>
|
||||
</figureCitation>
|
||||
I) small, rounded, with 11–14 hairs.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="D9A6663DFF9FFFA541FFF8A990B9D2B2" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227651/files/figure.png" pageId="8" targetBox="[241,1348,203,1798]" targetPageId="8">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8D6636B5FF9FFFA541FFF8A990B9D2B2" blockId="8.[151,1436,1815,2021]" pageId="8">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9FFFA541FFF8A99069D27B" bold="true" box="[151,275,1815,1837]" pageId="8">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||||
Male and pupa of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9FFFA540BCF8A99200D27A" box="[468,890,1815,1837]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanahrataense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9FFFA540BCF8A9934ED27A" box="[468,564,1815,1837]" italics="true" pageId="8">Simulium</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9FFFA5432BF8A993A3D27A" box="[579,729,1815,1837]" italics="true" pageId="8">Gomphostilbia</emphasis>
|
||||
)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9FFFA54381F8A99200D27A" box="[745,890,1815,1837]" italics="true" pageId="8">tanahrataense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A49E57DCFF9FFFA542E8F8A992ABD27B" box="[896,977,1815,1836]" pageId="8" rank="species">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9FFFA542E8F8A992ABD27B" bold="true" box="[896,977,1815,1836]" pageId="8">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
A–I, male; J & K, pupa. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, abdominal segment 10 and cercus (right side and outer view); J, gill filaments (apical tips of all filaments lost) (right side and outer view); K, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B, C and J; 0.02 mm for A, D–I and K.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8D6636B5FF9EFFA441AFFF2991AFD6F2" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,1941]" pageId="9">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA441AFFF29907FD5E7" bold="true" box="[199,261,151,176]" pageId="9">Pupa</emphasis>
|
||||
. Body length
|
||||
<quantity id="4A219B50FF9EFFA440CFFF299348D5F8" box="[423,562,151,176]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="9" unit="mm" value="2.6" valueMax="2.7" valueMin="2.5">2.5–2.7 mm</quantity>
|
||||
. Nearly as in pupa of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA44244FF26955BD5E7" box="[812,1057,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brinchangense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44244FF269240D5F8" box="[812,826,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4423BFF26921ED5F8" box="[851,868,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="9">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44214FF26955BD5E7" box="[892,1057,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="9">brinchangense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A49E57DCFF9EFFA44541FF2995F9D5E7" box="[1065,1155,151,176]" pageId="9" rank="species">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44541FF2995F9D5E7" bold="true" box="[1065,1155,151,176]" pageId="9">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
except for the following characteristics.
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4402FFF0290E6D582" bold="true" box="[327,412,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="9">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||||
. Gill (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF9EFFA44082FF029357D583" box="[490,557,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[241,1348,203,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[233,1355,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male and pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) tanahrataense sp. nov. A – I, male; J & K, pupa. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, abdominal segment 10 and cercus (right side and outer view); J, gill filaments (apical tips of all filaments lost) (right side and outer view); K, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B, C and J; 0.02 mm for A, D – I and K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227651/files/figure.png" pageId="9">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
J) composed of 8 slender thread-like filaments, arranged as [(1+2)+(1+2)]+2 filaments from dorsal to ventral; common basal stalk medium-long, 0.69–0.70 times length of interspiracular trunk; stalk of ventral pair of filaments medium-long, 1.13–1.17 times length of common basal stalk (though that of left gill of
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9BDFFD3CFF9EFFA44188FE969051D468" box="[224,299,296,320]" pageId="9" type="pupa">1 pupa</specimenCount>
|
||||
is short, 0.75 times length of common basal stalk); stalk of ventral pair 1.15 and 1.18 times as thick as primary stalks of middle and dorsal triplets, respectively, but 0.86 times as thick as common stalk of middle and dorsal triplets; dorsal triplet composed of 1 individual and 2 paired filaments bearing short primary and secondary stalks; 3 filaments of dorsal triplet subequal in length (
|
||||
<quantity id="4A219B50FF9EFFA44263FE2A92EFD4FB" box="[779,917,404,429]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="9" unit="mm" value="1.7" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.6">1.6–1.8 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long including their own stalks and common basal stalk) and thickness to one another; middle triplet composed of 1 individual and 2 paired filaments and bearing short to medium-long primary stalk and short secondary stalk; 3 filaments of middle triplet subequal in length (
|
||||
<quantity id="4A219B50FF9EFFA44198FDBE9006D740" box="[240,380,512,536]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="9" unit="mm" value="2.0" valueMax="2.2" valueMin="1.8">1.8–2.2 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long including their own stalks and common basal stalk) and thickness to one another; 2 filaments of ventral pair subequal in length (
|
||||
<quantity id="4A219B50FF9EFFA443F9FD9A9261D76B" box="[657,795,548,573]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="9" unit="mm" value="2.55" valueMax="2.6" valueMin="2.5">2.5–2.6 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long including their own stalk and common basal stalk) and thickness to each other, and 1.36 and 1.51 times as thick as those of middle and dorsal triplets, respectively, when compared basally; (tips of all filaments are lost, actual length of filaments probably slightly longer than those shown above).
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44023FD3190C3D7FF" bold="true" box="[331,441,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="9">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||||
. Dorsally, segments 5–9 each with spine-combs in transverse row (though those on segments 5 and 9 slightly smaller than those on segment 8, and those on segment 5 composed of 2 spines on left side and 3 spines on right side) and comb-like groups of minute spines on each side (though segment 5 lacking spine-combs and comb-like groups of minute spines in 1 pupal exuviae); segment 9 with pair of triangular flat terminal hooks, of which outer margin 2.69–2.81 times as long as inner margin and crenulated (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF9EFFA445A5FCA1946AD66F" box="[1229,1296,799,824]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[241,1348,203,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[233,1355,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male and pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) tanahrataense sp. nov. A – I, male; J & K, pupa. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, abdominal segment 10 and cercus (right side and outer view); J, gill filaments (apical tips of all filaments lost) (right side and outer view); K, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B, C and J; 0.02 mm for A, D – I and K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227651/files/figure.png" pageId="9">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
K).
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44454FCA194EFD66F" bold="true" box="[1340,1429,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="9">Cocoon</emphasis>
|
||||
. Wall-pocket-shaped, thinly and moderately woven, widely extended ventrolaterally; anterior margin with dorsal portion gently rounded when viewed dorsally and somewhat produced anteriorly;
|
||||
<quantity id="4A219B50FF9EFFA44544FCD995C9D628" box="[1068,1203,871,896]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.75" metricValueMax="3.9" metricValueMin="3.6" pageId="9" unit="mm" value="3.75" valueMax="3.9" valueMin="3.6">3.6–3.9 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long by
|
||||
<quantity id="4A219B50FF9EFFA4447DFCD694E6D628" box="[1301,1436,872,896]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="2.9" pageId="9" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="3.1" valueMin="2.9">2.9–3.1 mm</quantity>
|
||||
wide.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8D6636B5FF9EFFA441AFFC11936CD69F" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,1941]" box="[199,534,943,968]" pageId="9">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA441AFFC119064D69F" bold="true" box="[199,286,943,968]" pageId="9">Female</emphasis>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4403CFC1190E3D69F" bold="true" box="[340,409,943,968]" pageId="9">larva.</emphasis>
|
||||
Unknown.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C5C3653EFF9EFFA441AFFC6A9041D1BF" pageId="9" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8D6636B5FF9EFFA441AFFC6A9227D12A" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,1941]" pageId="9">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA441AFFC6A90F8D6BA" bold="true" box="[199,386,980,1005]" pageId="9">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="52628817FF9EFFA441AFFC6A9078D6BA" box="[199,258,980,1005]" pageId="9">Type</typeStatus>
|
||||
specimens
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<typeStatus id="52628817FF9EFFA440F9FC6A9353D6BB" box="[401,553,980,1004]" pageId="9" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||||
: Male (with associated pupal exuviae and cocoon) (preserved in 80% ethanol) reared from pupa, collected from a stream (width
|
||||
<quantity id="4A219B50FF9EFFA443BDFC49925BD158" box="[725,801,1015,1040]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="9" unit="m" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">3–5 m</quantity>
|
||||
, water temperature 16.0˚C, exposed to the sun, altitude
|
||||
<quantity id="4A219B50FF9EFFA441FFFBA2918ED163" box="[151,244,1052,1076]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.47" pageId="9" unit="m" value="1470.0">1,470 m</quantity>
|
||||
) moderately flowing in front of the gate of Forest Department, Tanah Rata, Cameron’s Highlands, Pahang,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F5CE7625FF9EFFA441FFFB81907BD10F" box="[151,257,1087,1112]" name="Malaysia" pageId="9">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="F9671075FF9EFFA44065FBFE9003D10F" box="[269,377,1088,1112]" pageId="9" value="2011-01-28">28.I.2011</date>
|
||||
, by H. Takaoka and A. Takaoka.
|
||||
<typeStatus id="52628817FF9EFFA4439FFBFE9227D10F" box="[759,861,1088,1112]" pageId="9" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9BDFFD3CFF9EFFA44202FBFE92CDD10F" box="[874,951,1087,1112]" pageId="9" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||||
with associated pupal exuviae and cocoon (preserved in 80% ethanol), same data as those of the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="52628817FF9EFFA4439BFBDA9223D12A" box="[755,857,1124,1149]" pageId="9" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8D6636B5FF9EFFA441AFFB399041D1BF" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,1941]" pageId="9">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA441AFFB3990F2D1F7" bold="true" box="[199,392,1159,1184]" pageId="9">Biological notes</emphasis>
|
||||
. The pupae of this new species were collected from grass leaves trailing in the water. Associated species were
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA440C7FB129330D193" box="[431,586,1196,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sofiani" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA440C7FB1290C7D194" box="[431,445,1196,1219]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA440BDFB12909CD194" box="[469,486,1196,1219]" italics="true" pageId="9">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44096FB129330D193" box="[510,586,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="9">sofiani</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA44331FB129265D193" box="[601,799,1196,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feuerborni" subGenus="Nevermannia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44331FB129314D194" box="[601,622,1196,1219]" italics="true" pageId="9">S.</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44317FB1393E8D193" box="[639,658,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="9">N</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA443C1FB129265D193" box="[681,799,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="9">feuerborni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA44246FB1295BED192" authority="Takaoka & Davies, 1995" authorityName="Takaoka & Davies" authorityYear="1995" box="[814,1220,1196,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tani" subGenus="Simulium">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44246FB129246D194" box="[814,828,1196,1219]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4423CFB129218D194" box="[852,866,1196,1219]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44212FB1392DCD193" box="[890,934,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="9">tani</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="E9484B44FF9EFFA442C5FB1295BED192" author="Takaoka" box="[941,1220,1196,1221]" pageId="9" refString="Takaoka, H. & Davies, D. M. (1995) The Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of West Malaysia. Kyushu University Press, Fukuoka, viii + 175 pp." type="book" year="1995">Takaoka & Davies, 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA44594FB12904DD1BF" authority="Edward, 1928" authorityName="Edward" authorityYear="1928" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hackeri" subGenus="Simulium">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44594FB129470D194" box="[1276,1290,1196,1219]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4444AFB12944AD194" box="[1314,1328,1196,1219]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44420FB1294E6D193" box="[1352,1436,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="9">hackeri</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="E9484B44FF9EFFA441FFFB71904DD1BF" author="Edward" box="[151,311,1231,1256]" pageId="9" refString="Edwards, F. W. (1928) Diptera Nematocera from the Federated Malay States Museums. Journal of Federated Malay State Museum, 14, 1 - 139." type="journal article" year="1928">Edward, 1928</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C5C3653EFF9EFFA441AFFB4A90F4D067" pageId="9" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8D6636B5FF9EFFA441AFFB4A90F4D067" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,1941]" pageId="9">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA441AFFB4A903CD05A" bold="true" box="[199,326,1268,1293]" pageId="9">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||||
. The species name
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA4435AFB4A93A8D05B" box="[562,722,1268,1292]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanahrataense">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4435AFB4A93A8D05B" box="[562,722,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="9">tanahrataense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
refers to the name of the town, Tanah Rata, where this new species was collected.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C5C3653EFF9EFFA441AFFA82931FD2C2" pageId="9" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8D6636B5FF9EFFA441AFFA829514D322" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,1941]" pageId="9">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA441AFFA82904ED002" bold="true" box="[199,308,1340,1365]" pageId="9">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||||
. The male of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA440B8FA8293C7D003" box="[464,701,1340,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanahrataense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA440B8FA8290A4D004" box="[464,478,1340,1363]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4409DFA82937CD004" box="[501,518,1340,1363]" italics="true" pageId="9">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44375FA8293C7D003" box="[541,701,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="9">tanahrataense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A49E57DCFF9EFFA443ACFA829264D002" box="[708,798,1340,1365]" pageId="9" rank="species">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA443ACFA829264D002" bold="true" box="[708,798,1340,1365]" pageId="9">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
is similar to those of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA44578FA8295D3D003" box="[1040,1193,1340,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sofiani" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44578FA829564D004" box="[1040,1054,1340,1363]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4455DFA82953CD004" box="[1077,1094,1340,1363]" italics="true" pageId="9">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44535FA8295D3D003" box="[1117,1193,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="9">sofiani</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA44588FA8294E1D003" box="[1248,1435,1340,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lurauense" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44588FA829594D004" box="[1248,1262,1340,1363]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4446DFA82946CD004" box="[1285,1302,1340,1363]" italics="true" pageId="9">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44445FA8294E1D003" box="[1325,1435,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="9">lurauense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in having a similar number of enlarged upper-eye facets, a dark scutum without longitudinal vittae and a similar shape of the ventral plate, but is clearly distinguished from the latter two species by the bicolored, much widened hind basitarsus (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF9EFFA44038FA1990E8D097" box="[336,402,1447,1472]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[241,1348,203,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[233,1355,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male and pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) tanahrataense sp. nov. A – I, male; J & K, pupa. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, abdominal segment 10 and cercus (right side and outer view); J, gill filaments (apical tips of all filaments lost) (right side and outer view); K, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B, C and J; 0.02 mm for A, D – I and K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227651/files/figure.png" pageId="9">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
C) [cf., the hind basitarsi are not so widened and nearly entirely darkened in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA44468FA1694E6D097" box="[1280,1436,1448,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sofiani" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44468FA169474D0E8" box="[1280,1294,1448,1471]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4444EFA16944DD0E8" box="[1318,1335,1448,1471]" italics="true" pageId="9">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44438FA1694E6D097" box="[1360,1436,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="9">sofiani</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA441AFFA7290F9D0B3" box="[199,387,1484,1508]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lurauense" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA441AFFA7291AFD0B4" box="[199,213,1484,1507]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44184FA729187D0B4" box="[236,253,1484,1507]" italics="true" pageId="9">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4407DFA7290F9D0B3" box="[277,387,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="9">lurauense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="E9484B44FF9EFFA440FBFA7293FAD0B3" author="Takaoka" box="[403,640,1484,1509]" pageId="9" refString="Takaoka, H., Sofian-Azirun, M. & Hashim, R. (2011 a) Simulium (Gomphostilbia) sofiani, a new species of black fly (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Peninsular Malaysia. Tropical Biomedicine, 28, 389 - 399." type="journal article" year="2011" yearSuffix="a">
|
||||
Takaoka
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44093FA739351D0B3" box="[507,555,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="9">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2011a
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="E9484B44FF9EFFA443E5FA7293E5D0B2" author="Takaoka" box="[653,671,1484,1509]" pageId="9" refString="Takaoka, H., Sofian-Azirun, M., Hashim, R. & Ya'cob, Z. (2011 b) Two new species of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Peninsular Malaysia, with keys to Peninsular Malaysian members of the Simulium ceylonicum speciesgroup. ZooKeys, 118, 53 - 74. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 118.1552" type="journal article" year="2011" yearSuffix="b">b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)]. The larger number of enlarged male upper-eye facets separates
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA444EFFA729016D35F" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanahrataense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA444EFFA7294EFD0B4" box="[1415,1429,1484,1507]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA441C8FA4E91CBD350" box="[160,177,1520,1543]" italics="true" pageId="9">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA441A4FA4E9016D35F" box="[204,364,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="9">tanahrataense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A49E57DCFF9EFFA4401FFA5190AFD35F" box="[375,469,1519,1544]" pageId="9" rank="species">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4401FFA5190AFD35F" bold="true" box="[375,469,1519,1544]" pageId="9">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA44349FA4E9261D35F" box="[545,795,1520,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brinchangense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44349FA4E9355D350" box="[545,559,1520,1543]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44322FA4E9321D350" box="[586,603,1520,1543]" italics="true" pageId="9">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4431EFA4E9261D35F" box="[630,795,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="9">brinchangense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A49E57DCFF9EFFA4424EFA5192FED35F" box="[806,900,1519,1544]" pageId="9" rank="species">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4424EFA5192FED35F" bold="true" box="[806,900,1519,1544]" pageId="9">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
and the remaining four known species of the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA441FFF9AA9189D37B" box="[151,243,1556,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asakoae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA441FFF9AA9189D37B" box="[151,243,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="9">asakoae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species-group reported from Peninsular
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F5CE7625FF9EFFA443D3F9AA9258D37A" box="[699,802,1556,1581]" name="Malaysia" pageId="9">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
[i.e.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA4420BF9AA9577D37B" box="[867,1037,1556,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asakoae" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4420BF9AA920BD37C" box="[867,881,1556,1579]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA442E0F9AA92E3D37C" box="[904,921,1556,1579]" italics="true" pageId="9">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA442D9F9AA9577D37B" box="[945,1037,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="9">asakoae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA44573F9AA95C3D37B" box="[1051,1209,1556,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hoiseni" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44573F9AA9553D37C" box="[1051,1065,1556,1579]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44528F9AA952BD37C" box="[1088,1105,1556,1579]" italics="true" pageId="9">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44500F9AA95C3D37B" box="[1128,1209,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="9">hoiseni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA445AFF9AA942AD37B" box="[1223,1360,1556,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="izuae" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA445AFF9AA95AFD37C" box="[1223,1237,1556,1579]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44585F9AA9584D37C" box="[1261,1278,1556,1579]" italics="true" pageId="9">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4447DF9AB942AD37B" box="[1301,1360,1557,1580]" italics="true" pageId="9">izuae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA444EFF9AA9022D307" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="roslihashimi" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA444EFF9AA94EFD37C" box="[1415,1429,1556,1579]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA441C8F98691CBD318" box="[160,177,1592,1615]" italics="true" pageId="9">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA441A5F9869022D307" box="[205,344,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="9">roslihashimi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
], all of which have enlarged male upper-eye facets in 10–13 vertical columns and 13 or 14 horizontal rows (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="E9484B44FF9EFFA4403CF9E29312D322" author="Takaoka" box="[340,616,1628,1653]" pageId="9" refString="Takaoka, H. & Davies, D. M. (1995) The Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of West Malaysia. Kyushu University Press, Fukuoka, viii + 175 pp." type="book" year="1995">Takaoka & Davies 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
; Takaoka 2008;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="E9484B44FF9EFFA44248F9E29576D322" author="Takaoka" box="[800,1036,1628,1653]" pageId="9" refString="Takaoka, H., Sofian-Azirun, M., Hashim, R. & Ya'cob, Z. (2011 b) Two new species of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Peninsular Malaysia, with keys to Peninsular Malaysian members of the Simulium ceylonicum speciesgroup. ZooKeys, 118, 53 - 74. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 118.1552" type="journal article" year="2011" yearSuffix="b">
|
||||
Takaoka
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA442EDF9E392CDD323" box="[901,951,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="9">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2011b
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="E9484B44FF9EFFA4457FF9E29518D322" author="Takaoka" box="[1047,1122,1628,1653]" pageId="9" refString="Takaoka, H., Sofian-Azirun, M. & Hashim, R. (2013 b) Description of a new species of Simulium (Gomphostilibia) (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Cameron's Highlands, Peninsular Malaysia, with keys to 18 species of the Simulium asakoae speciesgroup. Journal of Medical Entomology, 50, 1179 - 1189. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1603 / me 13036" type="journal article" year="2013" yearSuffix="b">2013b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8D6636B5FF9EFFA441AFF9C19019D21B" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,1941]" pageId="9">
|
||||
The pupa of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA44034F93E9334D3CF" box="[348,590,1664,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanahrataense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44034F93E9010D3C0" box="[348,362,1664,1687]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA440EBF93E90EED3C0" box="[387,404,1664,1687]" italics="true" pageId="9">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA440C6F93E9334D3CF" box="[430,590,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="9">tanahrataense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A49E57DCFF9EFFA4433FF9C193C9D3CF" box="[599,691,1663,1688]" pageId="9" rank="species">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4433FF9C193C9D3CF" bold="true" box="[599,691,1663,1688]" pageId="9">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
is indistinguishable from that of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA4455CF93E946ED3CF" box="[1076,1300,1664,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="roslihashimi" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4455CF93E9538D3C0" box="[1076,1090,1664,1687]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44534F93E9517D3C0" box="[1116,1133,1664,1687]" italics="true" pageId="9">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA445EEF93E946ED3CF" box="[1158,1300,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="9">roslihashimi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and is also similar to those of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA4400FF91A9322D3EB" box="[359,600,1700,1724]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brinchangense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4400FF91A900FD3EC" box="[359,373,1700,1723]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA440E3F91A90E6D3EC" box="[395,412,1700,1723]" italics="true" pageId="9">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA440DBF91A9322D3EB" box="[435,600,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="9">brinchangense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A49E57DCFF9EFFA44336F91A93CDD3EA" box="[606,695,1700,1725]" pageId="9" rank="species">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44336F91A93CDD3EA" bold="true" box="[606,695,1700,1725]" pageId="9">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA44384F91A92DDD3EB" box="[748,935,1700,1724]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lurauense" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44384F91A9380D3EC" box="[748,762,1700,1723]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44279F91A9258D3EC" box="[785,802,1700,1723]" italics="true" pageId="9">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44251F91A92DDD3EB" box="[825,935,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="9">lurauense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the arrangement of the gill filaments (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF9EFFA44406F91A91DFD3B7" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[241,1348,203,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[233,1355,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male and pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) tanahrataense sp. nov. A – I, male; J & K, pupa. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, abdominal segment 10 and cercus (right side and outer view); J, gill filaments (apical tips of all filaments lost) (right side and outer view); K, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B, C and J; 0.02 mm for A, D – I and K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227651/files/figure.png" pageId="9">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
J), but is distinguished from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA44087F976939CD3B7" box="[495,742,1736,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brinchangense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44087F9769087D388" box="[495,509,1736,1759]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4437EF976935DD388" box="[534,551,1736,1759]" italics="true" pageId="9">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44329F976939CD3B7" box="[577,742,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="9">brinchangense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A49E57DCFF9EFFA44387F9799230D3B7" box="[751,842,1735,1760]" pageId="9" rank="species">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44387F9799230D3B7" bold="true" box="[751,842,1735,1760]" pageId="9">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
by the anterodorsal margin of the cocoon lacking a median bulge, and from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA440CFF9529318D253" box="[423,610,1772,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lurauense" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA440CFF95290CFD254" box="[423,437,1772,1795]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA440A4F95290A7D254" box="[460,477,1772,1795]" italics="true" pageId="9">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4409CF9529318D253" box="[500,610,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="9">lurauense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by the relatively longer outer margin of the terminal hooks (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF9EFFA4446BF952943ED253" box="[1283,1348,1772,1797]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1815,1837]" captionTargetBox="[241,1348,203,1798]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[233,1355,193,1803]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 3. Male and pupa of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) tanahrataense sp. nov. A – I, male; J & K, pupa. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, abdominal segment 10 and cercus (right side and outer view); J, gill filaments (apical tips of all filaments lost) (right side and outer view); K, terminal hooks (caudal view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for B, C and J; 0.02 mm for A, D – I and K." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227651/files/figure.png" pageId="9">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
K) [i.e., the length of the outer margin relative to that of the inner margin is
|
||||
<quantity id="4A219B50FF9EFFA442F9F8B19564D27F" box="[913,1054,1807,1832]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.985" metricValueMax="7.1374" metricValueMin="6.8326" pageId="9" unit="in" value="2.75" valueMax="2.81" valueMin="2.69">2.69–2.81 in</quantity>
|
||||
this new species but
|
||||
<quantity id="4A219B50FF9EFFA44467F8B194E6D27F" box="[1295,1436,1807,1832]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5466" metricValueMax="6.1722" metricValueMin="2.921" pageId="9" unit="in" value="1.79" valueMax="2.43" valueMin="1.15">1.15–2.43 in</quantity>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA441FFF88A9028D21B" box="[151,338,1844,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lurauense" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA441FFF88A91DFD21C" box="[151,165,1844,1867]" italics="true" pageId="9">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA441D4F88A91B7D21C" box="[188,205,1844,1867]" italics="true" pageId="9">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4418CF88A9028D21B" box="[228,338,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="9">lurauense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
].
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8D6636B5FF9EFFA441AFF8E6931FD2C2" blockId="9.[151,1436,151,1941]" pageId="9">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA441AFF8E69374D227" box="[199,526,1880,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tanahrataense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA441AFF8E6904BD227" box="[199,305,1880,1904]" italics="true" pageId="9">Simulium</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA4402CF8E6902FD238" box="[324,341,1880,1903]" italics="true" pageId="9">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44006F8E69374D227" box="[366,526,1880,1904]" italics="true" pageId="9">tanahrataense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A49E57DCFF9EFFA44370F8E9930ED227" box="[536,628,1879,1904]" pageId="9" rank="species">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA44370F8E9930ED227" bold="true" box="[536,628,1879,1904]" pageId="9">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
is distinguished from 13 known species of the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF9EFFA445F3F8E6958DD227" box="[1179,1271,1880,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="9" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asakoae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF9EFFA445F3F8E6958DD227" box="[1179,1271,1880,1904]" italics="true" pageId="9">asakoae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species-group from other countries as shown in the key.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
720
data/05/70/87/057087A3FF96FFAA41FFFF66930BD582.xml
Normal file
720
data/05/70/87/057087A3FF96FFAA41FFFF66930BD582.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,720 @@
|
|||
<document id="18A6918DBE9FA450D10F3A3EBCDCA38A" ID-CLB-Dataset="46444" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.3765.1.3" ID-GBIF-Dataset="53c9a243-d6b8-446c-b840-ae810004d85a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="227648" ID-ZooBank="8A365CEC-01C3-49EE-AC58-896F0292243E" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1460384249539" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Takaoka, H., Sofian-Azirun, M., Ob, Z. Ya’C & Hashim, R." docDate="2014" docId="057087A3FF96FFAA41FFFF66930BD582" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03765p068.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3765 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Simulium (Gomphostilbia) brinchangense Takaoka, Sofian-Azirun & Hashim, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="9" masterDocId="F949FFDBFF97FFAD4168FFBE917AD557" masterDocTitle="Two new species of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Cameron’s Highlands, Peninsular Malaysia, with keys to 21 species of the Simulium asakoae species-group" updateTime="1698297261911" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods id="D1295743D24E234A2B3C0B2D410CF62A" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="313C791A7DF53DF7BDE0A00040CD31FE">
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<mods:title id="A607DDAACAFACC52299E99BC0860E82D">Two new species of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Cameron’s Highlands, Peninsular Malaysia, with keys to 21 species of the Simulium asakoae species-group</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="7B6AAB60E46BDBD52567DA0E2314B5F4" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="B415A0A1CE0FF402958DD59315CE01EE">
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<mods:roleTerm id="79D013B46855FBEB969600B36C49C94C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="E276AA06AFE1A432E76DBA0ED198CC3F">Takaoka, H.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm id="F48B0A586DC6923266F31DEBFF303B72">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="1D77A84544DED89F5FBE2850C580544F">Sofian-Azirun, M.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="07F4D5D266A73D4A0364A835D12CB72C" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="A7B5DD03B9AE4D9313B39E0B45F029CF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="EFC45753F003FFB21A8333D6354D4F5A">Ob, Z. Ya’C</mods:namePart>
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||||
</mods:name>
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<mods:name id="B3665DF690AAA65B35EE5BFF930F83D9" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="859B588512A2DB4D956D470E1CC2349A">
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<mods:roleTerm id="AB9A915669E33342B99994D24C0B54E6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="A332E2BD7E534281BA40E3995B72CE97">Hashim, R.</mods:namePart>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="D943298106F4FEE7EA4D9F7F272F8082">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="4EE108E8FB909C847D68ACD5EDA11021">
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<mods:title id="C855314283EB0B05113B1BE8546A8F7F">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="E09288B2C14565660FD3CD8CCBA0B33C">
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<mods:date id="409CD86FEEC15F846E399B64D9BBE4E8">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="6FE7E89A75254B4FE0DEF1EA75FCBE91" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="A112A467192C4AF85BBF851D44848EC9">3765</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="289BC11CA47440B4372A4BDCD9C2BB86" type="issue">
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<mods:number id="5A382CA3024EEA2969A541E3EB3FF215">1</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:classification id="8B1690E2CD3B77EC1CAEBCA14B19D8B1">journal volume</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="E03D090774E7DBB61F51B34B2AAF446F" type="CLB-Dataset">46444</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="61C4BE7377D9FA315ECB36F16851CC87" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.3765.1.3</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="84A38314A73FE7739AB77B799AF2F24A" type="GBIF-Dataset">53c9a243-d6b8-446c-b840-ae810004d85a</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="FE45A7280E82579AFF793EAF2631FB29" type="ISSN">1175-5326</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="3E3238E3E38277252EEC0EF1E03F08AE" type="Zenodo-Dep">227648</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="5B699462D7B670E4847FEF12BA69F057" type="ZooBank">8A365CEC-01C3-49EE-AC58-896F0292243E</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="057087A3FF96FFAA41FFFF66930BD582" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6141968" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119414877" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6141968" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:057087A3FF96FFAA41FFFF66930BD582" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/057087A3FF96FFAA41FFFF66930BD582" lastPageId="7" pageId="1">
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<subSubSection id="C5C3653EFF96FFAC41FFFF6695CFD5A4" box="[151,1205,216,243]" pageId="1" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8D6636B5FF96FFAC41FFFF6695CFD5A4" blockId="1.[151,1205,216,243]" box="[151,1205,216,243]" pageId="1">
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||||
<heading id="D62E81D9FF96FFAC41FFFF6695CFD5A4" bold="true" box="[151,1205,216,243]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" reason="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF96FFAC41FFFF6695CFD5A4" bold="true" box="[151,1205,216,243]" pageId="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF96FFAC41FFFF66952AD5A4" ID-CoL="9HKDW" authority="Takaoka, Sofian-Azirun & Hashim" authorityName="Takaoka, Sofian-Azirun & Hashim" box="[151,1104,216,243]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brinchangense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF96FFAC41FFFF669075D5A5" bold="true" box="[151,271,216,242]" italics="true" pageId="1">Simulium</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF96FFAC4077FF6690ABD5A5" bold="true" box="[287,465,216,242]" italics="true" pageId="1">Gomphostilbia</emphasis>
|
||||
)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF96FFAC4089FF6693EED5A5" bold="true" box="[481,660,216,242]" italics="true" pageId="1">brinchangense</emphasis>
|
||||
Takaoka, Sofian-Azirun & Hashim
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A49E57DCFF96FFAC4530FF6795CFD5A4" box="[1112,1205,217,243]" pageId="1" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C5C3653EFF96FFAB41FFFEA495F8D4FB" lastPageId="6" pageId="1" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8D6636B5FF96FFAF41FFFEA4924AD583" blockId="1.[151,1437,282,2038]" lastBlockId="2.[151,1437,151,2022]" lastPageId="2" pageId="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF96FFAC41FFFEA49185D464" bold="true" box="[151,255,282,307]" pageId="1">Female.</emphasis>
|
||||
Body length
|
||||
<quantity id="4A219B50FF96FFAC40F6FEA59080D465" box="[414,506,283,307]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="1" unit="mm" value="2.3">2.3 mm</quantity>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF96FFAC436FFEA4933FD464" bold="true" box="[519,581,282,307]" italics="true" pageId="1">Head</emphasis>
|
||||
. Slightly narrower than width of thorax. Frons black, slightly shiny when illuminated at certain angles, densely covered with whitish-yellow scale-like recumbent short hairs interspersed with few dark simple longer hairs along each lateral margin; frontal ratio 1.97–2.02:1.00:2.75–2.76; frons: head ratio 1.00:4.69. Fronto-ocular area well developed, narrow, directed dorsolaterally. Clypeus black, slightly shiny when illuminated at certain angles, densely covered with yellow hairs interspersed with several dark longer hairs on each side. Labrum 0.59–0.64 times length of clypeus. Antenna composed of scape, pedicel and 9 flagellomeres, dark brown except scape, pedicel, and base of first flagellomere yellow. Maxillary palp composed of 5 segments, light to medium brown, proportional lengths of third, fourth, and fifth segments 1.00:1.03–1.18:2.10–2.75; third segment (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF96FFAC406EFD849032D704" box="[262,328,570,595]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1885,1907]" captionTargetBox="[172,1436,203,1852]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[164,1449,195,1861]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Female of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) brinchangense sp. nov. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, cibarium (front view); C, hind tibia (left side and outer view); D, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); E, claw; F, sternite 8 and ovipositor valve (right half only and ventral view); G, genital fork (ventral view); H & I, paraprocts and cerci (right side; H, ventral view; I, lateral view); J, spermatheca (lateral view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for C and D; 0.02 mm for A, B and F – J; 0.01 mm for E." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227649/files/figure.png" pageId="1">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
A) somewhat swollen; sensory vesicle (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF96FFAC427FFD849222D704" box="[791,856,570,595]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1885,1907]" captionTargetBox="[172,1436,203,1852]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[164,1449,195,1861]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Female of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) brinchangense sp. nov. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, cibarium (front view); C, hind tibia (left side and outer view); D, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); E, claw; F, sternite 8 and ovipositor valve (right half only and ventral view); G, genital fork (ventral view); H & I, paraprocts and cerci (right side; H, ventral view; I, lateral view); J, spermatheca (lateral view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for C and D; 0.02 mm for A, B and F – J; 0.01 mm for E." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227649/files/figure.png" pageId="1">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
A) medium-sized (0.25–0.28 times length of third segment), with medium-sized opening. Maxillary lacinia with 9 inner and 12–14 outer teeth. Mandible with 20 or 21 inner teeth and lacking outer teeth. Cibarium (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF96FFAC43ACFD3C927ED7CC" box="[708,772,642,667]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1885,1907]" captionTargetBox="[172,1436,203,1852]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[164,1449,195,1861]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Female of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) brinchangense sp. nov. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, cibarium (front view); C, hind tibia (left side and outer view); D, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); E, claw; F, sternite 8 and ovipositor valve (right half only and ventral view); G, genital fork (ventral view); H & I, paraprocts and cerci (right side; H, ventral view; I, lateral view); J, spermatheca (lateral view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for C and D; 0.02 mm for A, B and F – J; 0.01 mm for E." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227649/files/figure.png" pageId="1">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
B) medially forming sclerotized plate folded forward from posterior margin, with moderately sclerotized medial longitudinal ridge.
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF96FFAC42BFFD189549D7E8" bold="true" box="[983,1075,678,703]" pageId="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF96FFAC42BFFD189556D7E8" bold="true" box="[983,1068,678,703]" italics="true" pageId="1">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Scutum brownish-black except anterolateral calli ochreous, shiny when illuminated at certain angles, densely covered with whitish-yellow scalelike recumbent hairs except whitish hairs near anterior and lateral margins. Scutellum medium to dark brown, shiny when illuminated at certain angles, covered with whitish-yellow short hairs and dark brown long upright hairs along posterior margin. Postnotum dark brown, shiny when illuminated at certain angles, and bare. Pleural membrane bare. Katepisternum medium to dark brown, longer than deep, shiny when illuminated at certain angles, moderately covered with fine short hairs.
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF96FFAC4301FCC193E5D6C1" bold="true" box="[617,671,895,918]" italics="true" pageId="1">Legs</emphasis>
|
||||
. Foreleg: coxa yellow; trochanter dark yellow to light brown; femur medium to dark brown, though extreme apex yellowish; tibia white except little more than apical 1/4 brownishblack, with whitish sheen on outer surface of basal 3/4; tarsus black, with moderate dorsal hair crest; basitarsus moderately dilated, 6.50 times as long as its greatest width. Midleg: coxa medium brown except posterior surface dark brown; trochanter yellow; femur medium brown with base and extreme tip yellowish; tibia light to medium brown except basal 2/5 whitish, covered with whitish fine hairs on basal 2/3 and white sheen on posterior surface of basal 2/3 when illuminated at certain angles; tarsus brownish-black except little less than basal 1/2 of basitarsus dark yellow.
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F5CE7625FF96FFAC4047FBC4901DD1C4" box="[303,359,1146,1171]" name="India" pageId="1">Hind</collectingCountry>
|
||||
leg: coxa light brown with apex yellow; trochanter yellow; femur medium brown with base yellow and apical cap dark brown, though extreme tip yellowish; tibia (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF96FFAC42D1FB209282D1E0" box="[953,1016,1182,1207]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1885,1907]" captionTargetBox="[172,1436,203,1852]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[164,1449,195,1861]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Female of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) brinchangense sp. nov. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, cibarium (front view); C, hind tibia (left side and outer view); D, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); E, claw; F, sternite 8 and ovipositor valve (right half only and ventral view); G, genital fork (ventral view); H & I, paraprocts and cerci (right side; H, ventral view; I, lateral view); J, spermatheca (lateral view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for C and D; 0.02 mm for A, B and F – J; 0.01 mm for E." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227649/files/figure.png" pageId="1">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
C) light to dark brown with basal 1/2 yellowish-white, covered with whitish fine hairs on outer and posterior surface of basal 3/4 and white sheen on posterior surface of basal 3/4 when illuminated at certain angles; tarsus dark brown to brownish-black except little less than basal 2/3 of basitarsus (though base light brown) and basal 1/2 of second tarsomere white; basitarsus (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF96FFAC4407FAB491DBD010" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1885,1907]" captionTargetBox="[172,1436,203,1852]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[164,1449,195,1861]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Female of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) brinchangense sp. nov. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, cibarium (front view); C, hind tibia (left side and outer view); D, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); E, claw; F, sternite 8 and ovipositor valve (right half only and ventral view); G, genital fork (ventral view); H & I, paraprocts and cerci (right side; H, ventral view; I, lateral view); J, spermatheca (lateral view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for C and D; 0.02 mm for A, B and F – J; 0.01 mm for E." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227649/files/figure.png" pageId="1">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
D) narrow, nearly parallel-sided, 5.77 times as long as wide, and 0.72 and 0.65 times as wide as greatest widths of tibia and femur, respectively; calcipala (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF96FFAC430FFAEC93D2D03C" box="[615,680,1362,1387]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1885,1907]" captionTargetBox="[172,1436,203,1852]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[164,1449,195,1861]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Female of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) brinchangense sp. nov. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, cibarium (front view); C, hind tibia (left side and outer view); D, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); E, claw; F, sternite 8 and ovipositor valve (right half only and ventral view); G, genital fork (ventral view); H & I, paraprocts and cerci (right side; H, ventral view; I, lateral view); J, spermatheca (lateral view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for C and D; 0.02 mm for A, B and F – J; 0.01 mm for E." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227649/files/figure.png" pageId="1">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
D) slightly shorter than width at base, and 0.54 times as wide as greatest width of basitarsus. Pedisulcus (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF96FFAC4304FAC893D7D0D8" box="[620,685,1398,1423]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1885,1907]" captionTargetBox="[172,1436,203,1852]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[164,1449,195,1861]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Female of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) brinchangense sp. nov. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, cibarium (front view); C, hind tibia (left side and outer view); D, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); E, claw; F, sternite 8 and ovipositor valve (right half only and ventral view); G, genital fork (ventral view); H & I, paraprocts and cerci (right side; H, ventral view; I, lateral view); J, spermatheca (lateral view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for C and D; 0.02 mm for A, B and F – J; 0.01 mm for E." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227649/files/figure.png" pageId="1">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
D) well defined. Claw (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF96FFAC42ADFAC8957CD0D8" box="[965,1030,1398,1423]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1885,1907]" captionTargetBox="[172,1436,203,1852]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[164,1449,195,1861]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Female of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) brinchangense sp. nov. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, cibarium (front view); C, hind tibia (left side and outer view); D, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); E, claw; F, sternite 8 and ovipositor valve (right half only and ventral view); G, genital fork (ventral view); H & I, paraprocts and cerci (right side; H, ventral view; I, lateral view); J, spermatheca (lateral view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for C and D; 0.02 mm for A, B and F – J; 0.01 mm for E." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227649/files/figure.png" pageId="1">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
E) with large basal tooth 0.5 times length of claw.
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF96FFAC4023FA2490FDD0E4" bold="true" box="[331,391,1434,1459]" italics="true" pageId="1">Wing</emphasis>
|
||||
. Length
|
||||
<quantity id="4A219B50FF96FFAC409AFA259334D0E5" box="[498,590,1435,1459]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" pageId="1" unit="mm" value="2.3">2.3 mm</quantity>
|
||||
. Costa with dark spinules and hairs except hairs on basal portion yellow. Subcosta with dark hairs except near apex bare. Hair tuft on base of radial vein whitish-yellow. Basal portion of radius fully haired; R1 with dark spinules and hairs; R2 with hairs only. Basal cell absent.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF96FFAC451AFA5C95C1D0AC" box="[1138,1211,1506,1531]" class="Insecta" family="Nemopteridae" genus="Halter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF96FFAC451AFA5C95C1D0AC" bold="true" box="[1138,1211,1506,1531]" italics="true" pageId="1">Halter</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. White except basal stem darkened.
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF96FFAC4024F9B790C0D375" bold="true" box="[332,442,1545,1570]" italics="true" pageId="1">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||||
. Basal scale ochreous, with fringe of whitish-yellow hairs. Dorsal surface of abdomen medium brown to brownish-black except basal 4/5 of segment 2 yellow or dark yellow, moderately covered with dark short to long hairs except segment 2 with yellow fine short hairs; tergites of segments 2 and 6–8 shiny when illuminated at certain angles. Ventral surface of segment 2 entirely whitish, those of segments 3–5 light brown and those of other segments dark brown; sternal plate on segment 7 undeveloped.
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF96FFAC4567F9279500D3E5" bold="true" box="[1039,1146,1689,1714]" italics="true" pageId="1">Genitalia</emphasis>
|
||||
. Sternite 8 (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF96FFAC446FF927943CD3E5" box="[1287,1350,1689,1714]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1885,1907]" captionTargetBox="[172,1436,203,1852]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[164,1449,195,1861]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Female of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) brinchangense sp. nov. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, cibarium (front view); C, hind tibia (left side and outer view); D, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); E, claw; F, sternite 8 and ovipositor valve (right half only and ventral view); G, genital fork (ventral view); H & I, paraprocts and cerci (right side; H, ventral view; I, lateral view); J, spermatheca (lateral view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for C and D; 0.02 mm for A, B and F – J; 0.01 mm for E." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227649/files/figure.png" pageId="1">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
F) bare medially, with 21–23 medium-long to very long hairs together with few slender short hairs on each side. Ovipositor valves (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF96FFAC4199F95F9049D3AD" box="[241,307,1761,1786]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1885,1907]" captionTargetBox="[172,1436,203,1852]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[164,1449,195,1861]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Female of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) brinchangense sp. nov. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, cibarium (front view); C, hind tibia (left side and outer view); D, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); E, claw; F, sternite 8 and ovipositor valve (right half only and ventral view); G, genital fork (ventral view); H & I, paraprocts and cerci (right side; H, ventral view; I, lateral view); J, spermatheca (lateral view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for C and D; 0.02 mm for A, B and F – J; 0.01 mm for E." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227649/files/figure.png" pageId="1">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
F) triangular, thin, membranous, moderately covered with microsetae interspersed with 1–3 short hairs; inner margins slightly concave, somewhat sclerotized, and slightly separated from each other. Genital fork (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF96FFAC41F7F89791A7D215" box="[159,221,1833,1858]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1885,1907]" captionTargetBox="[172,1436,203,1852]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[164,1449,195,1861]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Female of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) brinchangense sp. nov. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, cibarium (front view); C, hind tibia (left side and outer view); D, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); E, claw; F, sternite 8 and ovipositor valve (right half only and ventral view); G, genital fork (ventral view); H & I, paraprocts and cerci (right side; H, ventral view; I, lateral view); J, spermatheca (lateral view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for C and D; 0.02 mm for A, B and F – J; 0.01 mm for E." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227649/files/figure.png" pageId="1">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
G) of usual inverted-Y form, with slender stem; arms of moderate width, moderately folded medially; lateral plate of each arm with thin lobe directed medioposteriorly and small stout projection directed anterodorsally. Paraproct in ventral view (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF96FFAC40A9F8CF9085D2DD" box="[449,511,1905,1930]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1885,1907]" captionTargetBox="[172,1436,203,1852]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[164,1449,195,1861]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Female of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) brinchangense sp. nov. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, cibarium (front view); C, hind tibia (left side and outer view); D, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); E, claw; F, sternite 8 and ovipositor valve (right half only and ventral view); G, genital fork (ventral view); H & I, paraprocts and cerci (right side; H, ventral view; I, lateral view); J, spermatheca (lateral view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for C and D; 0.02 mm for A, B and F – J; 0.01 mm for E." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227649/files/figure.png" pageId="1">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
H) concave anterolaterally, with 3 or 4 sensilla on anteromedial surface; paraproct in lateral view (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF96FFAC402DF82B90FED2F9" box="[325,388,1941,1966]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1885,1907]" captionTargetBox="[172,1436,203,1852]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[164,1449,195,1861]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Female of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) brinchangense sp. nov. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, cibarium (front view); C, hind tibia (left side and outer view); D, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); E, claw; F, sternite 8 and ovipositor valve (right half only and ventral view); G, genital fork (ventral view); H & I, paraprocts and cerci (right side; H, ventral view; I, lateral view); J, spermatheca (lateral view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for C and D; 0.02 mm for A, B and F – J; 0.01 mm for E." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227649/files/figure.png" pageId="1">
|
||||
Fig.
|
||||
<date id="F9671075FF96FFAC4011F82890FED2F9" box="[377,388,1942,1966]" pageId="1">1</date>
|
||||
</figureCitation>
|
||||
I) somewhat produced ventrally, 0.64 times as long as wide, with 24–28 medium-long to long hairs on ventral and lateral surface. Cercus in lateral view (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF96FFAC4241F8079212D285" box="[809,872,1977,2002]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1885,1907]" captionTargetBox="[172,1436,203,1852]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[164,1449,195,1861]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Female of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) brinchangense sp. nov. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, cibarium (front view); C, hind tibia (left side and outer view); D, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); E, claw; F, sternite 8 and ovipositor valve (right half only and ventral view); G, genital fork (ventral view); H & I, paraprocts and cerci (right side; H, ventral view; I, lateral view); J, spermatheca (lateral view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for C and D; 0.02 mm for A, B and F – J; 0.01 mm for E." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227649/files/figure.png" pageId="1">
|
||||
Fig.
|
||||
<date id="F9671075FF96FFAC4235F8049212D285" box="[861,872,1978,2002]" pageId="1">1</date>
|
||||
</figureCitation>
|
||||
I) short, rounded posteriorly, 0.42 times as long as wide. Spermatheca (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF96FFAC4016F86390C5D2A1" box="[382,447,2013,2038]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1885,1907]" captionTargetBox="[172,1436,203,1852]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[164,1449,195,1861]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Female of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) brinchangense sp. nov. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, cibarium (front view); C, hind tibia (left side and outer view); D, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); E, claw; F, sternite 8 and ovipositor valve (right half only and ventral view); G, genital fork (ventral view); H & I, paraprocts and cerci (right side; H, ventral view; I, lateral view); J, spermatheca (lateral view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for C and D; 0.02 mm for A, B and F – J; 0.01 mm for E." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227649/files/figure.png" pageId="1">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
J) ellipsoidal, 1.56 times as long as its greatest width, well sclerotized except duct and small area near juncture with duct unsclerotized, and with many fissures on surface; internal setae absent; both accessory ducts slender, subequal in diameter to major one.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8D6636B5FF95FFAF41AFFF61906CD2B1" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,2022]" pageId="2">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF95FFAF41AFFF61907ED5AF" bold="true" box="[199,260,223,248]" pageId="2">Male</emphasis>
|
||||
. Body length
|
||||
<quantity id="4A219B50FF95FFAF40C8FF619083D5A0" box="[416,505,223,248]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="2" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF95FFAF436BFF61933BD5AF" bold="true" box="[515,577,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="2">Head</emphasis>
|
||||
. Somewhat wider than thorax. Upper eye medium brown, consisting of 11 or 12 vertical columns and 13 or 14 horizontal rows of large facets. Face black, grayish-white pruinose. Clypeus black, whitish pruinose, densely covered with golden-yellow scale-like medium-long hairs (mostly directed upward) interspersed with several dark brown simple longer hairs. Antenna composed of scape, pedicel and 9 flagellomeres, dark brown except scape and basal 1/2 or little more of pedicel yellow, rest of pedicel light brown and base of first flagellomere yellowish-white; first flagellomere elongate, 1.91 times length of second one. Maxillary palp light to medium brown, with 5 segments, proportional lengths of third, fourth, and fifth segments 1.00:1.21:2.75; third segment (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF95FFAF409DFE669343D4A7" box="[501,569,472,497]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1831,1853]" captionTargetBox="[244,1340,204,1777]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[233,1352,193,1791]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male, pupa and larva of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) brinchangense sp. nov. A – H, male; I & J, pupa; K, larva. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, gill filaments (left side and outer view); J, terminal hooks (caudal view); K, head capsule showing postgenal cleft (ventral view). Scale bars. 0.2 mm for I; 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.05 mm for K; 0.02 mm for A, D – H and J." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227650/files/figure.png" pageId="2">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
A) slender; sensory vesicle (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF95FFAF4214FE6692BAD4A7" box="[892,960,472,497]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1831,1853]" captionTargetBox="[244,1340,204,1777]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[233,1352,193,1791]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male, pupa and larva of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) brinchangense sp. nov. A – H, male; I & J, pupa; K, larva. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, gill filaments (left side and outer view); J, terminal hooks (caudal view); K, head capsule showing postgenal cleft (ventral view). Scale bars. 0.2 mm for I; 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.05 mm for K; 0.02 mm for A, D – H and J." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227650/files/figure.png" pageId="2">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
A) ellipsoidal, small (0.21 times length of third segment), and with opening of medium size.
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF95FFAF43B0FE459257D743" bold="true" box="[728,813,507,532]" italics="true" pageId="2">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||||
. Scutum brownish-black to black (except anterolateral calli dark ochreous) without longitudinal vittae in
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9BDFFD3CFF95FFAF4392FDA19235D76F" box="[762,847,543,568]" pageId="2" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||||
, but dark brown with 5 faintly-recognized black longitudinal vittae in another male; scutum shiny on shoulders, on wide area along each lateral margin and on prescutellar area when illuminated at certain angles, densely covered with yellow scale-like recumbent hairs. Scutellum medium to dark brown, shiny when illuminated at certain angles, covered with yellow short hairs and dark brown long upright hairs along posterior margin. Postnotum dark brown to brownish-black, shiny when illuminated at certain angles, and bare. Pleural membrane bare. Katepisternum dark brown to brownish-black, longer than deep, shiny when illuminated at certain angles, moderately covered with fine short hairs.
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF95FFAF4593FD4A944BD65C" bold="true" box="[1275,1329,756,779]" italics="true" pageId="2">Legs</emphasis>
|
||||
. Foreleg: coxa whitish-yellow; trochanter light brown though basal extreme whitish-yellow; femur light brown with apical cap medium brown (though apical tip yellowish); tibia white except base dark yellow and little less than apical 1/3 brownish-black, and covered with yellow hairs on basal 2/3 and white sheen on basal 2/3 when illuminated at certain angles; tarsus brownish-black; basitarsus moderately dilated, 7.85 times as long as its greatest width. Midleg: coxa medium brown except posterior surface brownish-black; trochanter light brown except base yellowish-white; femur light brown with base somewhat yellowish and apical cap medium brown (though apical extreme tip yellow); tibia medium brown except basal 1/3 whitish; tarsus dark brown to brownish-black except basal 1/4 or more of basitarsus dark yellow to light brown (border not well defined).
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F5CE7625FF95FFAF45E0FBB195BAD17F" box="[1160,1216,1039,1064]" name="India" pageId="2">Hind</collectingCountry>
|
||||
leg: coxa medium brown; trochanter whitish-yellow though slightly darkened on anterior surface; femur light to medium brown with base narrowly yellow and apical cap dark brown (though apical tip yellow); tibia (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF95FFAF45E8FBE895B0D138" box="[1152,1226,1110,1135]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1831,1853]" captionTargetBox="[244,1340,204,1777]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[233,1352,193,1791]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male, pupa and larva of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) brinchangense sp. nov. A – H, male; I & J, pupa; K, larva. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, gill filaments (left side and outer view); J, terminal hooks (caudal view); K, head capsule showing postgenal cleft (ventral view). Scale bars. 0.2 mm for I; 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.05 mm for K; 0.02 mm for A, D – H and J." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227650/files/figure.png" pageId="2">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
B) dark brown to brownish-black except basal 2/5 yellowish-white, covered with whitish-yellow hairs on little less than basal 1/2; tarsus (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF95FFAF4180FB239051D1E1" box="[232,299,1181,1206]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1831,1853]" captionTargetBox="[244,1340,204,1777]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[233,1352,193,1791]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male, pupa and larva of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) brinchangense sp. nov. A – H, male; I & J, pupa; K, larva. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, gill filaments (left side and outer view); J, terminal hooks (caudal view); K, head capsule showing postgenal cleft (ventral view). Scale bars. 0.2 mm for I; 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.05 mm for K; 0.02 mm for A, D – H and J." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227650/files/figure.png" pageId="2">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
C) medium to dark brown except basal 2/5 of basitarsus yellowish and basal 1/4 of second tarsomere dark yellow; basitarsus (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF95FFAF40C7FB7F9089D18E" box="[431,499,1217,1242]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1831,1853]" captionTargetBox="[244,1340,204,1777]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[233,1352,193,1791]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male, pupa and larva of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) brinchangense sp. nov. A – H, male; I & J, pupa; K, larva. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, gill filaments (left side and outer view); J, terminal hooks (caudal view); K, head capsule showing postgenal cleft (ventral view). Scale bars. 0.2 mm for I; 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.05 mm for K; 0.02 mm for A, D – H and J." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227650/files/figure.png" pageId="2">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
C) enlarged, gradually widened from base to middle, then nearly parallel-sided or slightly narrowed toward apex, 3.65–3.84 times as long as wide, and 0.95–1.00 and 1.06–1.18 times as wide as greatest width of tibia and femur, respectively; calcipala (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF95FFAF4274FAB99224D077" box="[796,862,1287,1312]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1831,1853]" captionTargetBox="[244,1340,204,1777]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[233,1352,193,1791]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male, pupa and larva of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) brinchangense sp. nov. A – H, male; I & J, pupa; K, larva. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, gill filaments (left side and outer view); J, terminal hooks (caudal view); K, head capsule showing postgenal cleft (ventral view). Scale bars. 0.2 mm for I; 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.05 mm for K; 0.02 mm for A, D – H and J." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227650/files/figure.png" pageId="2">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
C) slightly shorter than basal width, and 0.32 times as wide as greatest width of basitarsus. Pedisulcus (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF95FFAF4395FA95923ED013" box="[765,836,1323,1348]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1831,1853]" captionTargetBox="[244,1340,204,1777]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[233,1352,193,1791]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male, pupa and larva of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) brinchangense sp. nov. A – H, male; I & J, pupa; K, larva. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, gill filaments (left side and outer view); J, terminal hooks (caudal view); K, head capsule showing postgenal cleft (ventral view). Scale bars. 0.2 mm for I; 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.05 mm for K; 0.02 mm for A, D – H and J." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227650/files/figure.png" pageId="2">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
C) well defined.
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF95FFAF4566FA959530D013" bold="true" box="[1038,1098,1323,1348]" italics="true" pageId="2">Wing</emphasis>
|
||||
. Nearly as in female except subcosta with 6–8 hairs; length
|
||||
<quantity id="4A219B50FF95FFAF4369FAF193F6D030" box="[513,652,1359,1383]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="2" unit="mm" value="2.15" valueMax="2.2" valueMin="2.1">2.1–2.2 mm</quantity>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF95FFAF43F0FAF0939BD030" box="[664,737,1358,1383]" class="Insecta" family="Nemopteridae" genus="Halter" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF95FFAF43F0FAF0939BD030" bold="true" box="[664,737,1358,1383]" italics="true" pageId="2">Halter</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Grayish-white except basal stem darkened.
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF95FFAF4588FAF09434D030" bold="true" box="[1248,1358,1358,1383]" italics="true" pageId="2">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||||
. Basal scale dark brown, with fringe of light to medium brown hairs. Dorsal surface of abdomen dark brown to black except anterior 1/2 of segment 2 light brown, covered with dark brown short to long hairs; segments 2 and 5–7 each with pair of shiny dorsolateral or lateral patches; ventral surface of segment 2 whitish, and those of other segments light to dark brown.
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF95FFAF4012FA62909FD0A2" bold="true" box="[378,485,1500,1525]" italics="true" pageId="2">Genitalia</emphasis>
|
||||
. Coxite in ventral view (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF95FFAF4391FA629241D0A2" box="[761,827,1500,1525]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1831,1853]" captionTargetBox="[244,1340,204,1777]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[233,1352,193,1791]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male, pupa and larva of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) brinchangense sp. nov. A – H, male; I & J, pupa; K, larva. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, gill filaments (left side and outer view); J, terminal hooks (caudal view); K, head capsule showing postgenal cleft (ventral view). Scale bars. 0.2 mm for I; 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.05 mm for K; 0.02 mm for A, D – H and J." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227650/files/figure.png" pageId="2">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
D) nearly rectangular, 1.84 times as long as its greatest width. Style in ventral view (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF95FFAF40B7F9BE9358D34F" box="[479,546,1536,1561]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1831,1853]" captionTargetBox="[244,1340,204,1777]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[233,1352,193,1791]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male, pupa and larva of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) brinchangense sp. nov. A – H, male; I & J, pupa; K, larva. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, gill filaments (left side and outer view); J, terminal hooks (caudal view); K, head capsule showing postgenal cleft (ventral view). Scale bars. 0.2 mm for I; 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.05 mm for K; 0.02 mm for A, D – H and J." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227650/files/figure.png" pageId="2">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
D) bent inward, bluntly rounded apically and with apical spine; style in medial view (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF95FFAF41B6F99D905BD36B" box="[222,289,1571,1596]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1831,1853]" captionTargetBox="[244,1340,204,1777]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[233,1352,193,1791]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male, pupa and larva of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) brinchangense sp. nov. A – H, male; I & J, pupa; K, larva. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, gill filaments (left side and outer view); J, terminal hooks (caudal view); K, head capsule showing postgenal cleft (ventral view). Scale bars. 0.2 mm for I; 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.05 mm for K; 0.02 mm for A, D – H and J." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227650/files/figure.png" pageId="2">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
F) shorter than coxite (0.76 times length of coxite), gently bent inward, nearly parallel-sided to apex, with bluntly pointed apex; style in ventrolateral view (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF95FFAF4392F9F99247D337" box="[762,829,1607,1632]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1831,1853]" captionTargetBox="[244,1340,204,1777]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[233,1352,193,1791]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male, pupa and larva of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) brinchangense sp. nov. A – H, male; I & J, pupa; K, larva. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, gill filaments (left side and outer view); J, terminal hooks (caudal view); K, head capsule showing postgenal cleft (ventral view). Scale bars. 0.2 mm for I; 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.05 mm for K; 0.02 mm for A, D – H and J." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227650/files/figure.png" pageId="2">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
E) very slightly tapered toward apical 2/3, then nearly parallel-sided, and with truncated apex. Ventral plate in ventral view (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF95FFAF42C0F9D49291D3D4" box="[936,1003,1642,1667]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1831,1853]" captionTargetBox="[244,1340,204,1777]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[233,1352,193,1791]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male, pupa and larva of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) brinchangense sp. nov. A – H, male; I & J, pupa; K, larva. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, gill filaments (left side and outer view); J, terminal hooks (caudal view); K, head capsule showing postgenal cleft (ventral view). Scale bars. 0.2 mm for I; 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.05 mm for K; 0.02 mm for A, D – H and J." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227650/files/figure.png" pageId="2">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
D) with body transverse, 0.61 times as long as wide, widened posteriorly, with anterior margin produced anteromedially, and posterior margin somewhat concave medially (though posterior margin slightly convex medially when ventral plate is slightly inclined), densely covered with microsetae on ventral surface; basal arms of moderate length, directed forward, then slightly convergent apically; ventral plate in lateral view (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF95FFAF43D7F946927BD246" box="[703,769,1784,1809]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1831,1853]" captionTargetBox="[244,1340,204,1777]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[233,1352,193,1791]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male, pupa and larva of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) brinchangense sp. nov. A – H, male; I & J, pupa; K, larva. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, gill filaments (left side and outer view); J, terminal hooks (caudal view); K, head capsule showing postgenal cleft (ventral view). Scale bars. 0.2 mm for I; 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.05 mm for K; 0.02 mm for A, D – H and J." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227650/files/figure.png" pageId="2">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
G) moderately produced ventrally; ventral plate in end view (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF95FFAF41F7F8A2919CD263" box="[159,230,1820,1845]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1831,1853]" captionTargetBox="[244,1340,204,1777]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[233,1352,193,1791]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male, pupa and larva of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) brinchangense sp. nov. A – H, male; I & J, pupa; K, larva. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, gill filaments (left side and outer view); J, terminal hooks (caudal view); K, head capsule showing postgenal cleft (ventral view). Scale bars. 0.2 mm for I; 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.05 mm for K; 0.02 mm for A, D – H and J." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227650/files/figure.png" pageId="2">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
H) trapezoidal, ventral margin slightly concave medially, densely covered with microsetae on posterior surface except portion near each lateral tip narrowly bare. Median sclerite (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF95FFAF4543F881950ED20F" box="[1067,1140,1855,1880]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1831,1853]" captionTargetBox="[244,1340,204,1777]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[233,1352,193,1791]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male, pupa and larva of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) brinchangense sp. nov. A – H, male; I & J, pupa; K, larva. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, gill filaments (left side and outer view); J, terminal hooks (caudal view); K, head capsule showing postgenal cleft (ventral view). Scale bars. 0.2 mm for I; 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.05 mm for K; 0.02 mm for A, D – H and J." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227650/files/figure.png" pageId="2">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
D) thin, plate-like, wide. Parameres of moderate size, each with 3 distinct long and stout hooks and several smaller ones. Aedeagal membrane moderately setose, slightly sclerotized at base but dorsal plate not well defined. Ventral surface of abdominal segment 10 without distinct hairs near posterior margin. Cercus in lateral view small, rounded, with 14 or 15 hairs.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="D9A6663DFF94FFAE41FFF8E3942BD2B9" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227649/files/figure.png" pageId="3" targetBox="[172,1436,203,1852]" targetPageId="3">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8D6636B5FF94FFAE41FFF8E3942BD2B9" blockId="3.[151,1436,1885,2030]" pageId="3">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF94FFAE41FFF8E3906CD224" bold="true" box="[151,278,1885,1907]" pageId="3">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||||
Female of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF94FFAE40F8F8E39244D224" box="[400,830,1885,1907]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brinchangense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF94FFAE40F8F8E3908AD224" box="[400,496,1885,1907]" italics="true" pageId="3">Simulium</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF94FFAE4369F8E393EDD224" box="[513,663,1885,1907]" italics="true" pageId="3">Gomphostilbia</emphasis>
|
||||
)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF94FFAE43C1F8E39244D224" box="[681,830,1885,1907]" italics="true" pageId="3">brinchangense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A49E57DCFF94FFAE422FF8E092E0D224" box="[839,922,1886,1907]" pageId="3" rank="species">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF94FFAE422FF8E092E0D224" bold="true" box="[839,922,1886,1907]" pageId="3">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, cibarium (front view); C, hind tibia (left side and outer view); D, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); E, claw; F, sternite 8 and ovipositor valve (right half only and ventral view); G, genital fork (ventral view); H & I, paraprocts and cerci (right side; H, ventral view; I, lateral view); J, spermatheca (lateral view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for C and D; 0.02 mm for A, B and F–J; 0.01 mm for E.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="D9A6663DFF93FFA941FFF899908AD2A2" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227650/files/figure.png" pageId="4" targetBox="[244,1340,204,1777]" targetPageId="4">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8D6636B5FF93FFA941FFF899908AD2A2" blockId="4.[151,1436,1831,2037]" pageId="4">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF93FFA941FFF899906ED26B" bold="true" box="[151,276,1831,1853]" pageId="4">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||||
Male, pupa and larva of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF93FFA9437FF89992B8D26A" box="[535,962,1831,1853]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brinchangense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF93FFA9437FF899930DD26A" box="[535,631,1831,1853]" italics="true" pageId="4">Simulium</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF93FFA943EFF8999267D26A" box="[647,797,1831,1853]" italics="true" pageId="4">Gomphostilbia</emphasis>
|
||||
)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF93FFA94245F89992B8D26A" box="[813,962,1831,1853]" italics="true" pageId="4">brinchangense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A49E57DCFF93FFA942A1F8999561D26B" box="[969,1051,1831,1852]" pageId="4" rank="species">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF93FFA942A1F8999561D26B" bold="true" box="[969,1051,1831,1852]" pageId="4">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
A–H, male; I & J, pupa; K, larva. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, gill filaments (left side and outer view); J, terminal hooks (caudal view); K, head capsule showing postgenal cleft (ventral view). Scale bars. 0.2 mm for I; 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.05 mm for K; 0.02 mm for A, D–H and J.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8D6636B5FF92FFA841AFFF299072D097" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,2013]" pageId="5">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF92FFA841AFFF29907FD5E7" bold="true" box="[199,261,151,176]" pageId="5">Pupa</emphasis>
|
||||
. Body length
|
||||
<quantity id="4A219B50FF92FFA840C1FF29937ED5F8" box="[425,516,151,176]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="5" unit="mm" value="2.6">2.6 mm</quantity>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF92FFA84378FF299334D5E7" bold="true" box="[528,590,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="5">Head</emphasis>
|
||||
. Integument light yellow, moderately covered with small round tubercles; antennal sheath without any protuberances; face with pair of unbranched long trichomes with coiled apices, and frons with 3 pairs of unbranched long trichomes with coiled or uncoiled apices; 3 frontal trichomes on each side arising close together, subequal in length to one another and slightly longer than facial one.
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF92FFA845DFFEBA9476D44A" bold="true" box="[1207,1292,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="5">Thorax</emphasis>
|
||||
. Integument yellow, moderately covered with round tubercles except posterior 1/2 sparsely covered with round tubercles, and with 3 unbranched long dorsomedial trichomes with coiled or uncoiled apices, 2 unbranched long anterolateral trichomes (1 with coiled apex, 1 with uncoiled apex), 1 unbranched medium-long mediolateral trichome with uncoiled apex (though bifid trichome on right side in
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9BDFFD3CFF92FFA8427BFE2A921DD4FB" box="[787,871,404,428]" pageId="5" type="pupa">1 pupa</specimenCount>
|
||||
), and 3 unbranched ventrolateral trichomes with uncoiled apices (1 medium-long and 2 short) on each side. Gill (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF92FFA842CBFE099296D487" box="[931,1004,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1831,1853]" captionTargetBox="[244,1340,204,1777]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[233,1352,193,1791]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male, pupa and larva of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) brinchangense sp. nov. A – H, male; I & J, pupa; K, larva. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, gill filaments (left side and outer view); J, terminal hooks (caudal view); K, head capsule showing postgenal cleft (ventral view). Scale bars. 0.2 mm for I; 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.05 mm for K; 0.02 mm for A, D – H and J." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227650/files/figure.png" pageId="5">
|
||||
Fig.
|
||||
<date id="F9671075FF92FFA842B5FE069296D487" box="[989,1004,440,464]" pageId="5">2</date>
|
||||
</figureCitation>
|
||||
I) composed of 8 slender thread-like filaments, arranged as [(1+2)+ (1+2) (or 3)]+2 filaments from dorsal to ventral, with medium-long common basal stalk having somewhat swollen transparent basal fenestra at base; common basal stalk medium-long, 0.68–0.70 times length of interspiracular trunk; dorsal and middle triplets share short stalk; dorsal triplet composed of 1 individual and 2 paired filaments with short primary and secondary stalks, and middle triplet composed of 1 individual and 2 paired filaments and bearing medium-long primary stalk and short secondary stalk, or 3 filaments arising at same level from medium-long primary stalk; stalk of ventral pair of filaments medium-long, 1.08–1.23 times length of common basal stalk, 1.15–1.25 and 1.15–1.25 times as thick as primary stalks of middle and dorsal triplets, respectively, and 0.71–0.83 times as thick as common stalk of middle and dorsal triplets; primary stalk of dorsal triplet lying against that of lower pair at angle of about 60 degrees when viewed laterally; 6 filaments of dorsal and middle triplets subequal in length (
|
||||
<quantity id="4A219B50FF92FFA843FEFC9E9264D660" box="[662,798,800,824]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="5" unit="mm" value="2.55" valueMax="2.8" valueMin="2.3">2.3–2.8 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long including their own stalks and basal common stalk) and thickness to one another; 2 filaments of ventral pair subequal in length (3.0–
|
||||
<quantity id="4A219B50FF92FFA84540FCFA9504D60B" box="[1064,1150,836,861]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="5" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long including their own stalk and common basal stalk) and thickness to each other, and 1.32–1.60 times as thick as those of 6 other filaments when compared basally; all filaments grayish light brown, gradually tapered toward apex; cuticle of all filaments with well-defined annular ridges and furrows though becoming less marked apically, densely covered with minute tubercles.
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF92FFA840FFFC6A937FD6BA" bold="true" box="[407,517,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="5">Abdomen</emphasis>
|
||||
. Dorsally, segments 1 and 2 not pigmented and without tubercles; segment 1 with 1 unbranched slender medium-long hair-like seta on each side; segment 2 with 1 unbranched slender medium-long hair-like seta and 5 short somewhat spinous setae submedially on each side; segments 3 and 4 each with 4 hooked spines and 1 short somewhat spinous seta on each side; segment 5 lacking spine-combs; segments 6–9 each with spine-combs in transverse row (though those on segment 9 somewhat smaller than those on segment 8) and comblike groups of minute spines on each side; segment 9 with pair of triangular flat terminal hooks of which outer margin is 3.00–3.56 times length of inner margin and crenulated (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF92FFA84211FB1292C7D193" box="[889,957,1196,1221]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1831,1853]" captionTargetBox="[244,1340,204,1777]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[233,1352,193,1791]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male, pupa and larva of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) brinchangense sp. nov. A – H, male; I & J, pupa; K, larva. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, gill filaments (left side and outer view); J, terminal hooks (caudal view); K, head capsule showing postgenal cleft (ventral view). Scale bars. 0.2 mm for I; 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.05 mm for K; 0.02 mm for A, D – H and J." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227650/files/figure.png" pageId="5">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
J). Ventrally, segment 4 with 1 unbranched hook and few slender short setae on each side; segment 5 with pair of bifid hooks sub-medially and few short slender setae on each side; segments 6 and 7 each with pair of bifid inner and unbranched outer hooks somewhat spaced from each other and few short slender setae on each side; segments 4–8 with comb-like groups of minute spines. Each side of segment 9 with 3 grapnel-shaped hooklets.
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF92FFA842D4FA82956FD002" bold="true" box="[956,1045,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="5">Cocoon</emphasis>
|
||||
. Wall-pocket-shaped, thinly and moderately woven, widely extended ventrolaterally; anterior margin somewhat thickly woven, with dorsal portion slightly or moderately produced anteriorly forming short bulge when viewed dorsally; 3.6–4.0 mm long by
|
||||
<quantity id="4A219B50FF92FFA84420FA3A91B9D097" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="2.9" pageId="5" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="3.1" valueMin="2.9">2.9–3.1 mm</quantity>
|
||||
wide.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8D6636B5FF92FFAB41AFFA7295F8D4FB" blockId="5.[151,1436,151,2013]" lastBlockId="6.[151,1436,151,2013]" lastPageId="6" pageId="5">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF92FFA841AFFA729013D0B2" bold="true" box="[199,361,1484,1509]" pageId="5">Mature larva</emphasis>
|
||||
. Body length
|
||||
<quantity id="4A219B50FF92FFA8437BFA7293DBD0B3" box="[531,673,1484,1509]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="5.8" metricValueMin="5.2" pageId="5" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="5.8" valueMin="5.2">5.2–5.8 mm</quantity>
|
||||
. Body color yellowish to grayish-yellow except dorsal surface of abdominal segments 7 and 8 grayish; abdominal segments 5 and 6 each with faint to moderate reddish-brown Wshaped transverse band dorsally, though band on segment 6 often partially faded, being divided into 1 dorsomedial and 2 dorsolateral spots, or completely disappeared in some larvae; ventral surface of abdominal segment 7 with faint gray transverse band though disconnected medially. Cephalic apotome pale yellow; head spots faintly positive. Lateral surface of head capsule pale yellow except eye-spot region whitish; eye-brow and spots near posterior margin faintly positive; spot below eye-spot region usually indistinct. Ventral surface of head capsule pale yellow except darkened area near posterior margin on each side of postgenal cleft. Antenna composed of 3 segments and apical sensillum, somewhat longer than stem of labral fan; proportional lengths of first, second, and third segments 1.00:0.78–0.85:0.79–0.88. Labral fan with 30–34 main rays. Mandible with 3 comb-teeth decreasing in length from first to third; mandibular serration composed of 2 teeth (1 medium-sized and 1 small); major tooth at acute angle against mandible on apical side; supernumerary serrations absent. Hypostoma with row of 9 apical teeth; median tooth most prominent, somewhat longer than each corner tooth, which is somewhat longer than 3 intermediate teeth on each side; lateral margin smooth; 4 or 5 hypostomal bristles per side lying parallel to lateral margin. Postgenal cleft (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF92FFA84094F87A933AD28B" box="[508,576,1988,2013]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1831,1853]" captionTargetBox="[244,1340,204,1777]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[233,1352,193,1791]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male, pupa and larva of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) brinchangense sp. nov. A – H, male; I & J, pupa; K, larva. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, gill filaments (left side and outer view); J, terminal hooks (caudal view); K, head capsule showing postgenal cleft (ventral view). Scale bars. 0.2 mm for I; 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.05 mm for K; 0.02 mm for A, D – H and J." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227650/files/figure.png" pageId="5">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
K) pentagonal, 1.2–1.6 times as long as postgenal bridge. Cervical sclerites composed of 2 pale small pieces, not fused to occiput, widely separated medially from each other. Histoblast of pupal gill filaments with medium-long common basal stalk. Thoracic cuticle bare. Abdominal cuticle almost bare except few posterior segments moderately covered with unbranched minute setae dorsally and last segment densely covered with colorless unbranched setae on each side of anal sclerite. Rectal scales absent. Rectal papillae compound, each of 3 lobes with 6–9 finger-like secondary lobules. Anal sclerite of usual X-form, with anterior arms subequal in length to posterior ones, broadly sclerotized at base; accessory sclerite absent. Last abdominal segment expanded ventrolaterally forming double bulges on each side, visible as large conical ventral papillae when viewed from side. Posterior circlet with 83 or 84 rows of up to 15 hooklets per row.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C5C3653EFF91FFAB41AFFE0992E2D642" pageId="6" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8D6636B5FF91FFAB41AFFE0993E5D7FF" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,2013]" pageId="6">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB41AFFE0990F8D487" bold="true" box="[199,386,439,464]" pageId="6">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="52628817FF91FFAB41AFFE099078D487" box="[199,258,439,464]" pageId="6">Type</typeStatus>
|
||||
specimens
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<typeStatus id="52628817FF91FFAB40F9FE069353D487" box="[401,553,440,464]" pageId="6" type="holotype">HOLOTYPE</typeStatus>
|
||||
: Male (with associated pupal exuviae and cocoon) (preserved in 80% ethanol) reared from pupa, collected from a small stream moderately flowing in a natural forest (width 0.5–1.0 m, water temperature 14.5˚C, shaded, altitude
|
||||
<quantity id="4A219B50FF91FFAB432EFDBE93D0D74F" box="[582,682,512,536]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="6" unit="m" value="1800.0">1,800 m</quantity>
|
||||
), near the peak of Mt. Brinchang, west of Sungai Palas village, Pahang,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F5CE7625FF91FFAB419FFD9A901BD76A" box="[247,353,548,573]" name="Malaysia" pageId="6">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="F9671075FF91FFAB4004FD9A90A3D76B" box="[364,473,548,572]" pageId="6" value="2011-01-27">27.I.2011</date>
|
||||
, by H. Takaoka and A. Takaoka.
|
||||
<typeStatus id="52628817FF91FFAB4226FD9B92C5D76A" box="[846,959,549,573]" pageId="6" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9BDFFD3CFF91FFAB42A2FD9A956FD76A" box="[970,1045,548,573]" pageId="6" type="male">1 male</specimenCount>
|
||||
with associated pupal exuviae and cocoons, same data as those of the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="52628817FF91FFAB4375FDF993F8D737" box="[541,642,583,608]" pageId="6" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
; two females with associated pupal exuviae and cocoons, and 7 mature larvae, same locality as that of the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="52628817FF91FFAB432AFDD293DED7D2" box="[578,676,620,645]" pageId="6" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
except date and collector:
|
||||
<date id="F9671075FF91FFAB4284FDD29514D7D3" box="[1004,1134,620,644]" pageId="6" value="2012-03-30">30.III.2012</date>
|
||||
, by Zubaidah Ya’cob, all
|
||||
<typeStatus id="52628817FF91FFAB41FFFD2E918DD7FF" box="[151,247,656,680]" pageId="6" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||||
specimens preserved in 80% ethanol.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8D6636B5FF91FFAB41AFFD0A92E2D642" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,2013]" pageId="6">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB41AFFD0A90F9D79A" bold="true" box="[199,387,692,717]" pageId="6">Biological notes</emphasis>
|
||||
. The pupae and larvae of this new species were collected from dead tree leaves in the water. Associated species were
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF91FFAB40D7FD6695C0D7A7" authority="Takaoka & Davies, 1995" authorityName="Takaoka & Davies" authorityYear="1995" box="[447,1210,727,752]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caudisclerum" subGenus="Nevermannia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB40D7FD669353D7A7" box="[447,553,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="6">Simulium</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB4357FD6693ACD7B8" box="[575,726,728,751]" italics="true" pageId="6">Nevermannia</emphasis>
|
||||
)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB4384FD6692F9D7A7" box="[748,899,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="6">caudisclerum</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="E9484B44FF91FFAB42F8FD6995C0D7A7" author="Takaoka" box="[912,1210,727,752]" pageId="6" refString="Takaoka, H. & Davies, D. M. (1995) The Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of West Malaysia. Kyushu University Press, Fukuoka, viii + 175 pp." type="book" year="1995">Takaoka & Davies, 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF91FFAB45A3FD669045D643" authority="Edwards, 1934" authorityName="Edwards" authorityYear="1934" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="feuerborni" subGenus="Nevermannia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB45A3FD6695A3D7B8" box="[1227,1241,728,751]" italics="true" pageId="6">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB459EFD679473D7A7" box="[1270,1289,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="6">N</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB444EFD6694E6D7A7" box="[1318,1436,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="6">feuerborni</emphasis>
|
||||
Edwards, 1934
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF91FFAB401DFD4292EED642" authority="Takaoka & Davies, 1995" authorityName="Takaoka & Davies" authorityYear="1995" box="[373,916,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevipar" subGenus="Simulium">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB401DFD4290F9D644" box="[373,387,764,787]" italics="true" pageId="6">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB40F3FD42937FD643" box="[411,517,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="6">Simulium</emphasis>
|
||||
)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB437CFD429309D643" box="[532,627,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="6">brevipar</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="E9484B44FF91FFAB4313FD4292EED642" author="Takaoka" box="[635,916,764,789]" pageId="6" refString="Takaoka, H. & Davies, D. M. (1995) The Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of West Malaysia. Kyushu University Press, Fukuoka, viii + 175 pp." type="book" year="1995">Takaoka & Davies, 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C5C3653EFF91FFAB41AFFCA192F1D60A" pageId="6" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8D6636B5FF91FFAB41AFFCA192F1D60A" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,2013]" pageId="6">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB41AFFCA1903CD66F" bold="true" box="[199,326,799,824]" pageId="6">Etymology</emphasis>
|
||||
. The species name
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF91FFAB4350FC9E93A7D66F" box="[568,733,800,824]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brinchangense">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB4350FC9E93A7D66F" box="[568,733,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="6">brinchangense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
refers to the name of Mount Brinchang, because this new species was collected from a stream near the peak of this mountain.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C5C3653EFF91FFAA41AFFCD9930BD582" lastPageId="7" pageId="6" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8D6636B5FF91FFAB41AFFCD9947FD69F" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,2013]" pageId="6">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB41AFFCD9904ED6D7" bold="true" box="[199,308,871,896]" pageId="6">Remarks</emphasis>
|
||||
. In
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F5CE7625FF91FFAB4037FCD990B2D6D7" box="[351,456,871,896]" name="Malaysia" pageId="6">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF91FFAB4093FCD6932DD6D7" box="[507,599,872,896]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asakoae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB4093FCD6932DD6D7" box="[507,599,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="6">asakoae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species-group was represented by six species, i.e.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF91FFAB45E7FCD69030D6F2" authority="Takaoka & Davies, 1995" authorityName="Takaoka & Davies" authorityYear="1995" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asakoae" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB45E7FCD695E7D628" box="[1167,1181,872,895]" italics="true" pageId="6">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB45DCFCD695B3D628" box="[1204,1225,872,895]" italics="true" pageId="6">G.</emphasis>
|
||||
)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB45B3FCD6944DD6D7" box="[1243,1335,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="6">asakoae</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="E9484B44FF91FFAB4455FCD99030D6F2" author="Takaoka" pageId="6" refString="Takaoka, H. & Davies, D. M. (1995) The Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of West Malaysia. Kyushu University Press, Fukuoka, viii + 175 pp." type="book" year="1995">Takaoka & Davies, 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF91FFAB403FFC3293DFD6F3" authority="Takaoka, 2008" authorityName="Takaoka" authorityYear="2008" box="[343,677,908,933]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hoiseni" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB403FFC32901FD6F4" box="[343,357,908,931]" italics="true" pageId="6">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB4014FC3290E8D6F4" box="[380,402,908,931]" italics="true" pageId="6">G.</emphasis>
|
||||
)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB40CDFC32908CD6F3" box="[421,502,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="6">hoiseni</emphasis>
|
||||
Takaoka, 2008
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF91FFAB43D8FC329243D6F3" box="[688,825,908,932]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="izuae" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB43D8FC3293BCD6F4" box="[688,710,908,931]" italics="true" pageId="6">S.</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB43BEFC329391D6F4" box="[726,747,908,931]" italics="true" pageId="6">G.</emphasis>
|
||||
)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB4396FC339243D6F3" box="[766,825,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="6">izuae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF91FFAB4220FC3291ABD69F" authority="Takaoka, Sofian-Azirun & Hashim, 2011" authorityName="Takaoka, Sofian-Azirun & Hashim" authorityYear="2011" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lurauense" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB4220FC329227D6F4" box="[840,861,908,931]" italics="true" pageId="6">S.</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB4206FC3292F9D6F4" box="[878,899,908,931]" italics="true" pageId="6">G.</emphasis>
|
||||
)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB42FEFC32957FD6F3" box="[918,1029,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="6">lurauense</emphasis>
|
||||
Takaoka, Sofian-Azirun & Hashim, 2011
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF91FFAB41B4FC0E925FD69F" authority="Takaoka & Sofian-Azirun, 2011" authorityName="Takaoka & Sofian-Azirun" authorityYear="2011" box="[220,805,943,968]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="roslihashimi" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB41B4FC0E918BD690" box="[220,241,944,967]" italics="true" pageId="6">S.</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB4069FC0E906CD690" box="[257,278,944,967]" italics="true" pageId="6">G.</emphasis>
|
||||
)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB4041FC0E90CED69F" box="[297,436,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="6">roslihashimi</emphasis>
|
||||
Takaoka & Sofian-Azirun, 2011
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF91FFAB4208FC0E9283D69F" box="[864,1017,944,968]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sofiani" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB4208FC0E9214D690" box="[864,878,944,967]" italics="true" pageId="6">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB42EDFC0E92E0D690" box="[901,922,944,967]" italics="true" pageId="6">G.</emphasis>
|
||||
)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB42C5FC0E9283D69F" box="[941,1017,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="6">sofiani</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="E9484B44FF91FFAB4560FC119583D69F" author="Takaoka" box="[1032,1273,943,968]" pageId="6" refString="Takaoka, H., Sofian-Azirun, M. & Hashim, R. (2013 b) Description of a new species of Simulium (Gomphostilibia) (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Cameron's Highlands, Peninsular Malaysia, with keys to 18 species of the Simulium asakoae speciesgroup. Journal of Medical Entomology, 50, 1179 - 1189. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1603 / me 13036" type="journal article" year="2013" yearSuffix="b">
|
||||
Takaoka
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB4507FC0F95DAD69F" box="[1135,1184,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="6">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2013b
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8D6636B5FF91FFAB41AFFC6A94E6D10F" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,2013]" pageId="6">
|
||||
The female of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF91FFAB4007FC6A931FD6BB" box="[367,613,980,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brinchangense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB4007FC6A9007D6BC" box="[367,381,980,1003]" italics="true" pageId="6">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB40FEFC6A90DDD6BC" box="[406,423,980,1003]" italics="true" pageId="6">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB40A8FC6A931FD6BB" box="[448,613,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="6">brinchangense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A49E57DCFF91FFAB4305FC6A93B2D6BA" box="[621,712,980,1005]" pageId="6" rank="species">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB4305FC6A93B2D6BA" bold="true" box="[621,712,980,1005]" pageId="6">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
is similar to that of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF91FFAB42DAFC6A95F4D6BB" box="[946,1166,980,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="roslihashimi" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB42DAFC6A92BAD6BC" box="[946,960,980,1003]" italics="true" pageId="6">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB42B1FC6A9290D6BC" box="[985,1002,980,1003]" italics="true" pageId="6">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB456BFC6A95F4D6BB" box="[1027,1166,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="6">roslihashimi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in having the mandible without teeth on the outer margin, a medium-sized sensory vesicle (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF91FFAB42F6FC4992A4D147" box="[926,990,1015,1040]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1885,1907]" captionTargetBox="[172,1436,203,1852]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[164,1449,195,1861]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Female of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) brinchangense sp. nov. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, cibarium (front view); C, hind tibia (left side and outer view); D, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); E, claw; F, sternite 8 and ovipositor valve (right half only and ventral view); G, genital fork (ventral view); H & I, paraprocts and cerci (right side; H, ventral view; I, lateral view); J, spermatheca (lateral view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for C and D; 0.02 mm for A, B and F – J; 0.01 mm for E." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227649/files/figure.png" pageId="6">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
A), and the hind tibia yellowish on the basal 1/2 and darkened on the apical 1/2 (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF91FFAB4313FBA293C6D163" box="[635,700,1052,1077]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1885,1907]" captionTargetBox="[172,1436,203,1852]" captionTargetId="figure@3.[164,1449,195,1861]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Female of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) brinchangense sp. nov. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, cibarium (front view); C, hind tibia (left side and outer view); D, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); E, claw; F, sternite 8 and ovipositor valve (right half only and ventral view); G, genital fork (ventral view); H & I, paraprocts and cerci (right side; H, ventral view; I, lateral view); J, spermatheca (lateral view). Scale bars. 0.1 mm for C and D; 0.02 mm for A, B and F – J; 0.01 mm for E." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227649/files/figure.png" pageId="6">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
C). However, both species are separated from each other by the relative width of the hind basitarsus to the hind femur (
|
||||
<quantity id="4A219B50FF91FFAB4396FB819237D10F" box="[766,845,1087,1112]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.651" pageId="6" unit="in" value="0.65">0.65 in</quantity>
|
||||
this new species versus
|
||||
<quantity id="4A219B50FF91FFAB4537FB8195D7D10F" box="[1119,1197,1087,1112]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3462" pageId="6" unit="in" value="0.53">0.53 in</quantity>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF91FFAB45DBFBFE94F6D10F" box="[1203,1420,1088,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="roslihashimi" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB45DBFBFE95BBD100" box="[1203,1217,1088,1111]" italics="true" pageId="6">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB45B0FBFE9593D100" box="[1240,1257,1088,1111]" italics="true" pageId="6">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB4469FBFE94F6D10F" box="[1281,1420,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="6">roslihashimi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8D6636B5FF91FFAB41AFFBDA904ED05B" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,2013]" pageId="6">
|
||||
The male of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF91FFAB403FFBDA9330D12B" box="[343,586,1124,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brinchangense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB403FFBDA901FD12C" box="[343,357,1124,1147]" italics="true" pageId="6">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB4015FBDA90F4D12C" box="[381,398,1124,1147]" italics="true" pageId="6">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB40CDFBDA9330D12B" box="[421,586,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="6">brinchangense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A49E57DCFF91FFAB433AFBDA93D6D12A" box="[594,684,1124,1149]" pageId="6" rank="species">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB433AFBDA93D6D12A" bold="true" box="[594,684,1124,1149]" pageId="6">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
appears to be most closely related to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF91FFAB453EFBDA947BD12B" box="[1110,1281,1124,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asakoae" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB453EFBDA951ED12C" box="[1110,1124,1124,1147]" italics="true" pageId="6">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB4514FBDA95F7D12C" box="[1148,1165,1124,1147]" italics="true" pageId="6">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB45CDFBDA947BD12B" box="[1189,1281,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="6">asakoae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in having the haired subcosta as well as a similar number of enlarged upper-eye facets, but is readily distinguished from the latter species by the medium brown upper-eye facets (cf., vermilion in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF91FFAB4213FB12955DD193" box="[891,1063,1196,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asakoae" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB4213FB1292F3D194" box="[891,905,1196,1219]" italics="true" pageId="6">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB42CAFB1292C9D194" box="[930,947,1196,1219]" italics="true" pageId="6">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB42A3FB12955DD193" box="[971,1063,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="6">asakoae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), and the much darker hind tibia and basitarsus (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF91FFAB402CFB7190E8D1BF" box="[324,402,1231,1256]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1831,1853]" captionTargetBox="[244,1340,204,1777]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[233,1352,193,1791]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male, pupa and larva of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) brinchangense sp. nov. A – H, male; I & J, pupa; K, larva. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, gill filaments (left side and outer view); J, terminal hooks (caudal view); K, head capsule showing postgenal cleft (ventral view). Scale bars. 0.2 mm for I; 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.05 mm for K; 0.02 mm for A, D – H and J." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227650/files/figure.png" pageId="6">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
B, C) (cf., the dark portions of the hind tibia and basitarsus are limited on the apical 1/
|
||||
<quantity id="4A219B50FF91FFAB443CFB6E94FAD1BF" box="[1364,1408,1231,1256]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="6" unit="in" value="2.0">2 in</quantity>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF91FFAB44EFFB6E905ED05B" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asakoae" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB44EFFB6E94EFD1B0" box="[1415,1429,1232,1255]" italics="true" pageId="6">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB41C8FB4A91CBD05C" box="[160,177,1268,1291]" italics="true" pageId="6">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB41A0FB4A905ED05B" box="[200,292,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="6">asakoae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8D6636B5FF91FFAB41AFFAA6946DD3EA" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,2013]" pageId="6">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF91FFAB41AFFAA69375D067" box="[199,527,1304,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brinchangense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB41AFFAA6904BD067" box="[199,305,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="6">Simulium</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB4029FAA69028D078" box="[321,338,1304,1327]" italics="true" pageId="6">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB4002FAA69375D067" box="[362,527,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="6">brinchangense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A49E57DCFF91FFAB437FFAA9930BD067" box="[535,625,1303,1328]" pageId="6" rank="species">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB437FFAA9930BD067" bold="true" box="[535,625,1303,1328]" pageId="6">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
is similar in the pupa to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF91FFAB42E3FAA6954DD067" box="[907,1079,1304,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asakoae" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB42E3FAA692E3D078" box="[907,921,1304,1327]" italics="true" pageId="6">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB42D8FAA692BBD078" box="[944,961,1304,1327]" italics="true" pageId="6">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB42B1FAA6954DD067" box="[985,1079,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="6">asakoae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF91FFAB452CFAA69467D067" box="[1092,1309,1304,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="roslihashimi" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
S. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB4501FAA69500D078" box="[1129,1146,1304,1327]" italics="true" pageId="6">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB45FAFAA69467D067" box="[1170,1309,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="6">roslihashimi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF91FFAB443DFAA6907FD003" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lurauense" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB443DFAA69419D078" box="[1365,1379,1304,1327]" italics="true" pageId="6">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB4413FAA694F6D078" box="[1403,1420,1304,1327]" italics="true" pageId="6">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB41FFFA82907FD003" box="[151,261,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="6">lurauense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the arrangement of the gill filaments (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF91FFAB43B1FA829267D003" box="[729,797,1340,1365]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1831,1853]" captionTargetBox="[244,1340,204,1777]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[233,1352,193,1791]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male, pupa and larva of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) brinchangense sp. nov. A – H, male; I & J, pupa; K, larva. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, gill filaments (left side and outer view); J, terminal hooks (caudal view); K, head capsule showing postgenal cleft (ventral view). Scale bars. 0.2 mm for I; 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.05 mm for K; 0.02 mm for A, D – H and J." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227650/files/figure.png" pageId="6">
|
||||
Fig.
|
||||
<date id="F9671075FF91FFAB4266FA829267D003" box="[782,797,1340,1364]" pageId="6">2</date>
|
||||
</figureCitation>
|
||||
I) but is easily distinguished from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF91FFAB45CAFA829434D003" box="[1186,1358,1340,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asakoae" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB45CAFA8295CAD004" box="[1186,1200,1340,1363]" italics="true" pageId="6">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB45A1FA8295A0D004" box="[1225,1242,1340,1363]" italics="true" pageId="6">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB459AFA829434D003" box="[1266,1358,1340,1364]" italics="true" pageId="6">asakoae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by the dorsal surfaces of the abdominal segments 1 and 2 which are not darkened and lack minute tubercles (cf., dorsal surfaces of abdominal segments 1 and 2 dark gray and covered with minute tubercles according to pupae of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF91FFAB443DFA3A9189D097" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asakoae" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB443DFA3A9419D0CC" box="[1365,1379,1412,1435]" italics="true" pageId="6">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB4413FA3A94F6D0CC" box="[1403,1420,1412,1435]" italics="true" pageId="6">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB41FFFA169189D097" box="[151,243,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="6">asakoae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
recently collected from Sungai Palas, Cameron’s Highlands, the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="52628817FF91FFAB42A5FA169287D097" box="[973,1021,1448,1472]" pageId="6">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
locality of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF91FFAB4516FA169452D097" box="[1150,1320,1448,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asakoae" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB4516FA1695F6D0E8" box="[1150,1164,1448,1471]" italics="true" pageId="6">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB45CCFA1695CFD0E8" box="[1188,1205,1448,1471]" italics="true" pageId="6">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB45A4FA169452D097" box="[1228,1320,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="6">asakoae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), and also from the remaining two species by the relatively longer outer margin of the terminal hooks (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF91FFAB45FFFA7295A3D0B3" box="[1175,1241,1484,1509]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1831,1853]" captionTargetBox="[244,1340,204,1777]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[233,1352,193,1791]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male, pupa and larva of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) brinchangense sp. nov. A – H, male; I & J, pupa; K, larva. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, gill filaments (left side and outer view); J, terminal hooks (caudal view); K, head capsule showing postgenal cleft (ventral view). Scale bars. 0.2 mm for I; 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.05 mm for K; 0.02 mm for A, D – H and J." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227650/files/figure.png" pageId="6">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
J) (i.e., the length of the outer margin relative to that of the inner margin is 3.0–
|
||||
<quantity id="4A219B50FF91FFAB4228FA519205D35F" box="[832,895,1519,1544]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.89" pageId="6" unit="in" value="3.5">3.5 in</quantity>
|
||||
this new species but 2.3–2.8 and
|
||||
<quantity id="4A219B50FF91FFAB459CFA5194FBD35F" box="[1268,1409,1519,1544]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5466" metricValueMax="6.1722" metricValueMin="2.921" pageId="6" unit="in" value="1.79" valueMax="2.43" valueMin="1.15">1.15–2.43 in</quantity>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF91FFAB44EFFA4E902ED37B" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="roslihashimi" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB44EFFA4E94EFD350" box="[1415,1429,1520,1543]" italics="true" pageId="6">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB41C8F9AA91CBD37C" box="[160,177,1556,1579]" italics="true" pageId="6">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB41A1F9AA902ED37B" box="[201,340,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="6">roslihashimi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF91FFAB40E5F9AA9330D37B" box="[397,586,1556,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lurauense" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB40E5F9AA90E1D37C" box="[397,411,1556,1579]" italics="true" pageId="6">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB40DBF9AA90BED37C" box="[435,452,1556,1579]" italics="true" pageId="6">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB40B4F9AA9330D37B" box="[476,586,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="6">lurauense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, respectively). On the other hand,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF91FFAB42BCF9AA95B3D37B" box="[980,1225,1556,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brinchangense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB42BCF9AA9298D37C" box="[980,994,1556,1579]" italics="true" pageId="6">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB4293F9AA9576D37C" box="[1019,1036,1556,1579]" italics="true" pageId="6">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB454CF9AA95B3D37B" box="[1060,1225,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="6">brinchangense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A49E57DCFF91FFAB45B9F9AA9456D37A" box="[1233,1324,1556,1581]" pageId="6" rank="species">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB45B9F9AA9456D37A" bold="true" box="[1233,1324,1556,1581]" pageId="6">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
is readily distinguished in the pupa from the three other species as follows: from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF91FFAB4282F98695E8D307" box="[1002,1170,1592,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hoiseni" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB4282F9869282D318" box="[1002,1016,1592,1615]" italics="true" pageId="6">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB457CF986955FD318" box="[1044,1061,1592,1615]" italics="true" pageId="6">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB4529F98695E8D307" box="[1089,1170,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="6">hoiseni</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by the number of gill filaments (8 versus 6), from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF91FFAB40BEF9E29324D323" box="[470,606,1628,1652]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="izuae" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB40BEF9E29091D324" box="[470,491,1628,1651]" italics="true" pageId="6">S.</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB4093F9E2936AD324" box="[507,528,1628,1651]" italics="true" pageId="6">G.</emphasis>
|
||||
)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB434BF9E39324D323" box="[547,606,1629,1652]" italics="true" pageId="6">izuae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by the stalk of the ventral pair of filaments longer than the common basal stalk (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF91FFAB41B3F9C19065D3CF" box="[219,287,1663,1688]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1831,1853]" captionTargetBox="[244,1340,204,1777]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[233,1352,193,1791]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male, pupa and larva of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) brinchangense sp. nov. A – H, male; I & J, pupa; K, larva. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, gill filaments (left side and outer view); J, terminal hooks (caudal view); K, head capsule showing postgenal cleft (ventral view). Scale bars. 0.2 mm for I; 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.05 mm for K; 0.02 mm for A, D – H and J." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227650/files/figure.png" pageId="6">
|
||||
Fig.
|
||||
<date id="F9671075FF91FFAB4078F93E9065D3CF" box="[272,287,1664,1688]" pageId="6">2</date>
|
||||
</figureCitation>
|
||||
I) (cf., the stalk of the ventral pair of filaments is shorter than the common basal stalk in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF91FFAB446BF93E94F1D3C0" box="[1283,1419,1664,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="izuae" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB446BF93E9462D3C0" box="[1283,1304,1664,1687]" italics="true" pageId="6">S.</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB4440F93E9444D3C0" box="[1320,1342,1664,1687]" italics="true" pageId="6">G.</emphasis>
|
||||
)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB4438F93E94F1D3C0" box="[1360,1419,1664,1687]" italics="true" pageId="6">izuae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), and from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF91FFAB406CF91A90E7D3EB" box="[260,413,1700,1724]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sofiani" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB406CF91A9068D3EC" box="[260,274,1700,1723]" italics="true" pageId="6">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB4041F91A9040D3EC" box="[297,314,1700,1723]" italics="true" pageId="6">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB4039F91A90E7D3EB" box="[337,413,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="6">sofiani</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by the length of the common basal stalk of the gill (medium-long versus long).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8D6636B5FF91FFAB41AFF9799249D28A" blockId="6.[151,1436,151,2013]" pageId="6">
|
||||
The larva of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF91FFAB403EF9769333D3B7" box="[342,585,1736,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brinchangense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB403EF976901ED388" box="[342,356,1736,1759]" italics="true" pageId="6">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB4013F97690F6D388" box="[379,396,1736,1759]" italics="true" pageId="6">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB40CCF9769333D3B7" box="[420,585,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="6">brinchangense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A49E57DCFF91FFAB4327F97993D3D3B7" box="[591,681,1735,1760]" pageId="6" rank="species">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB4327F97993D3D3B7" bold="true" box="[591,681,1735,1760]" pageId="6">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
is similar to that of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF91FFAB42E1F9769568D388" box="[905,1042,1736,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="izuae" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB42E1F97692EDD388" box="[905,919,1736,1759]" italics="true" pageId="6">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB42C6F97692C5D388" box="[942,959,1736,1759]" italics="true" pageId="6">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB42BEF9769568D388" box="[982,1042,1736,1759]" italics="true" pageId="6">izuae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in having indistinct head spots and a medium-long postgenal cleft (1.2–1.6 times the length of the postgenal bridge–
|
||||
<figureCitation id="15E22A30FF91FFAB454BF952951BD253" box="[1059,1121,1772,1797]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1831,1853]" captionTargetBox="[244,1340,204,1777]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[233,1352,193,1791]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Male, pupa and larva of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) brinchangense sp. nov. A – H, male; I & J, pupa; K, larva. A, third segment of maxillary palp with sensory vesicle (right side and front view); B, hind tibia (left side and outer view); C, basitarsus and second tarsomere of hind leg showing calcipala and pedisulcus (left side and outer view); D, coxites, styles, ventral plate and median sclerite (ventral view); E & F, styles (right side, E, ventrolateral view and F, medial view); G, ventral plate and median sclerite (lateral view); H, ventral plate (end view); I, gill filaments (left side and outer view); J, terminal hooks (caudal view); K, head capsule showing postgenal cleft (ventral view). Scale bars. 0.2 mm for I; 0.1 mm for B and C; 0.05 mm for K; 0.02 mm for A, D – H and J." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/227650/files/figure.png" pageId="6">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
K) but is distinguished from the latter species by the reddish-brown marking on the dorsal surface of abdominal segments 5 and 6 (cf., no reddish-brown marking on abdominal segments 5 and
|
||||
<quantity id="4A219B50FF91FFAB4269F88A9257D21A" box="[769,813,1844,1869]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" pageId="6" unit="in" value="6.0">6 in</quantity>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF91FFAB425CF88A92C5D21B" box="[820,959,1844,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="izuae" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB425CF88A9238D21C" box="[820,834,1844,1867]" italics="true" pageId="6">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB4233F88A9216D21C" box="[859,876,1844,1867]" italics="true" pageId="6">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB42ECF88B92C5D21B" box="[900,959,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="6">izuae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
–
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="E9484B44FF91FFAB42A5F88A95BAD21A" author="Takaoka" box="[973,1216,1844,1869]" pageId="6" refString="Takaoka, H., Sofian-Azirun, M. & Hashim, R. (2013 b) Description of a new species of Simulium (Gomphostilibia) (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Cameron's Highlands, Peninsular Malaysia, with keys to 18 species of the Simulium asakoae speciesgroup. Journal of Medical Entomology, 50, 1179 - 1189. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1603 / me 13036" type="journal article" year="2013" yearSuffix="b">
|
||||
Takaoka
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB455CF88B951FD21B" box="[1076,1125,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="6">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2013b
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Some larvae of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF91FFAB44EFF88A905ED227" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asakoae" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB44EFF88A94EFD21C" box="[1415,1429,1844,1867]" italics="true" pageId="6">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB41C8F8E691CBD238" box="[160,177,1880,1903]" italics="true" pageId="6">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB41A0F8E6905ED227" box="[200,292,1880,1904]" italics="true" pageId="6">asakoae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
have a medium-long postgenal cleft but are distinguished from this new species by distinct head spots and darkened areas surrounding the postgenal cleft (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="E9484B44FF91FFAB43B5F8C29288D2C2" author="Takaoka" box="[733,1010,1916,1941]" pageId="6" refString="Takaoka, H. & Davies, D. M. (1995) The Black Flies (Diptera: Simuliidae) of West Malaysia. Kyushu University Press, Fukuoka, viii + 175 pp." type="book" year="1995">Takaoka & Davies 1995</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). The larvae of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF91FFAB45C9F8C29403D2C3" box="[1185,1401,1916,1940]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="roslihashimi" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB45C9F8C295D5D2C4" box="[1185,1199,1916,1939]" italics="true" pageId="6">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB45AEF8C295ADD2C4" box="[1222,1239,1916,1939]" italics="true" pageId="6">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB4586F8C29403D2C3" box="[1262,1401,1916,1940]" italics="true" pageId="6">roslihashimi</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF91FFAB44EFF8C2904DD2EF" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lurauense" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB44EFF8C294EFD2C4" box="[1415,1429,1916,1939]" italics="true" pageId="6">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB41C8F81F91CBD2EF" box="[160,177,1953,1976]" italics="true" pageId="6">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB41A1F81E904DD2EF" box="[201,311,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="6">lurauense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF91FFAB4018F81E9371D2EF" box="[368,523,1952,1976]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sofiani" subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB4018F81E9004D2E0" box="[368,382,1952,1975]" italics="true" pageId="6">S</emphasis>
|
||||
. (
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB40FEF81F90DDD2EF" box="[406,423,1953,1976]" italics="true" pageId="6">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB40D7F81E9371D2EF" box="[447,523,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="6">sofiani</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
differ from this new species by having a longer postgenal cleft, more than twice the length of the postgenal bridge (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="E9484B44FF91FFAB4375F87A9273D28B" author="Takaoka" box="[541,777,1988,2013]" pageId="6" refString="Takaoka, H., Sofian-Azirun, M. & Hashim, R. (2011 a) Simulium (Gomphostilbia) sofiani, a new species of black fly (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Peninsular Malaysia. Tropical Biomedicine, 28, 389 - 399." type="journal article" year="2011" yearSuffix="a">
|
||||
Takaoka
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF91FFAB43ECF87B93CFD28B" box="[644,693,1988,2012]" italics="true" pageId="6">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2011a
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="E9484B44FF91FFAB427CF87A925FD28A" author="Takaoka" box="[788,805,1988,2013]" pageId="6" refString="Takaoka, H., Sofian-Azirun, M., Hashim, R. & Ya'cob, Z. (2011 b) Two new species of Simulium (Gomphostilbia) (Diptera: Simuliidae) from Peninsular Malaysia, with keys to Peninsular Malaysian members of the Simulium ceylonicum speciesgroup. ZooKeys, 118, 53 - 74. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 118.1552" type="journal article" year="2011" yearSuffix="b">b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8D6636B5FF90FFAA41AFFF26930BD582" blockId="7.[151,1436,151,213]" pageId="7">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF90FFAA41AFFF269368D5E7" box="[199,530,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brinchangense" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Gomphostilbia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF90FFAA41AFFF26904BD5E7" box="[199,305,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="7">Simulium</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF90FFAA402BFF26902ED5F8" box="[323,340,152,175]" italics="true" pageId="7">G</emphasis>
|
||||
.)
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF90FFAA4005FF269368D5E7" box="[365,530,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="7">brinchangense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A49E57DCFF90FFAA4374FF29930DD5E7" box="[540,631,151,176]" pageId="7" rank="species">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF90FFAA4374FF29930DD5E7" bold="true" box="[540,631,151,176]" pageId="7">sp. nov.</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
is distinguished from 13 known species of the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4AD94D36FF90FFAA45F3FF26958DD5E7" box="[1179,1271,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Simuliidae" genus="Simulium" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="asakoae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="BFADEAA7FF90FFAA45F3FF26958DD5E7" box="[1179,1271,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="7">asakoae</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species-group from other countries as shown in the keys.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
117
data/05/70/DC/0570DC3AC03825F5BF21C959CD029DCD.xml
Normal file
117
data/05/70/DC/0570DC3AC03825F5BF21C959CD029DCD.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
|
|||
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|
||||
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:title>Introduction of the Exocelinacasuarina-group, with a key to its representatives and descriptions of 19 new species from New Guinea (Coleoptera, Dytiscidae, Copelatinae)</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Shaverdo, Helena</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Sagata, Katayo</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Balke, Michael</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:part>
|
||||
<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number>803</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||||
<mods:start>7</mods:start>
|
||||
<mods:end>70</mods:end>
|
||||
</mods:extent>
|
||||
</mods:part>
|
||||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||||
<mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.803.28903</mods:url>
|
||||
</mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.803.28903</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-803-7</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="ZBK">936CFD88F297440EA9BE4C258AE9BD09</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">936CFD88F297440EA9BE4C258AE9BD09</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="154125615" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:03716131-0FB0-4A66-B212-B578D967F0DE" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0570DC3AC03825F5BF21C959CD029DCD" lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="28" pageNumber="35">
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="28" pageNumber="35" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="28" pageNumber="35">
|
||||
20.
|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/03716131-0FB0-4A66-B212-B578D967F0DE" authority="Shaverdo & Balke" class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Exocelina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Exocelina sima" order="Coleoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sima">Exocelina sima Shaverdo & Balke</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="28" pageNumber="35">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
Figs 8, 31
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="29" pageNumber="36" type="type locality">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="29" pageNumber="36" start="start">Type</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
locality.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
Papua New Guinea: Simbu/Eastern Highlands Province, Crater Mountain, Sera - Herowana, Sima River, ca
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="-6.115972">06°06'57.5"S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="145.06094">145°03'39.4"E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
, 1,250 m a.s.l.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="29" pageNumber="36" type="type material">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="36">Type material.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="36">Holotype: male "Papua New Guinea: Simbu / EHP, Crater Mountain, Sera - Herowana, Sima river, 1250m, 15IX2002, Balke & Sagata, (PNG 016)" (ZSM).</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="29" pageNumber="36" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="36">Description.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="36">Body size and form: Beetle small: TL-H 3.6 mm, TL 4.0 mm, MW 2.0 mm, with broader, oval habitus.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="29" pageNumber="36">Coloration: Reddish brown head and pronotum and piceous elytra. Head reddish in its anterior half and dark brown in posterior one. Pronotum dark brown on disc and gradually paler to yellowish red laterally. Elytra dark brown, paler laterally and almost piceous on disc. Head appendages yellowish red, legs reddish, distally darker, especially metathoracic legs (Fig. 8).</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph lastPageId="30" lastPageNumber="37" pageId="29" pageNumber="36">
|
||||
Surface sculpture: Shiny dorsally. Head with rather dense punctation (spaces between punctures 1-2 times size of punctures) but fine punctation; diameter of punctures smaller than diameter of cells of microreticulation. Pronotum and elytra with distinct punctation, sparser and finer punctation than on head. Pronotum and elytra with weakly impressed microreticulation. Head with microreticulation stronger. Metaven
|
||||
<pageBreakToken pageId="30" pageNumber="37" start="start">trite</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
and metacoxae distinctly microreticulate, metacoxal plates with longitudinal strioles and transverse wrinkles. Abdominal ventrites with distinct microreticulation, strioles, and very fine sparse punctation.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="37">Structures: Pronotum without lateral bead. Base of prosternum and neck of prosternal process with distinct ridge, rounded anteriorly. Blade of prosternal process lanceolate, elongate, relatively broad, slightly convex, with distinct lateral bead and few. Abdominal ventrite 6 rounded.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="37">
|
||||
Male: Antennae simple (Fig. 8). Protarsomere 4 with anterolateral seta long and thin, equal to more laterally situated large setae, slightly curved downwards. Protarsomere 5 long and narrow, with anterior band of more than 40 and posterior row of 12 relatively long, thin setae (Fig. 31D). Median lobe in lateral view short, slightly curved, with enlarged, rounded, not bent downwards apex; in ventral view, narrow, subparallel, and with truncate apex. Paramere very slightly concave on dorsal side and with long, dense, thin setae, situated along dorsal margin: subdistal setae strong and dense, setae in middle part shorter and sparser, proximal setae long but sparser than subdistal ones (Fig. 31
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
|
||||
). Abdominal ventrite 6 without lateral striae on each side, except one with setae.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="37">Female: Unknown.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="30" pageNumber="37" type="affinities">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="37">Affinities.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="37">
|
||||
In absence of the pronotal bead and thin and not hook-like anterolateral seta of the male protarsomere 4,
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Exocelina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Exocelina sima" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sima">Exocelina sima</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. n. is similar to
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. keki" pageId="30" pageNumber="37" rank="species" species="keki">E. keki</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. n.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. messeri" pageId="30" pageNumber="37" rank="species" species="messeri">E. messeri</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="E. pseudofume" pageId="30" pageNumber="37" rank="species" species="pseudofume">E. pseudofume</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. n. However, the species distinctly differs from them in more oval body form and more strongly expressed bicolor dorsal surface: reddish head and pronotum and piceous elytra, as well as in a characteristic shape of the median lobe and male abdominal ventrite 6 without lateral striae. The latter character is unique among New Guinea
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Dytiscidae" genus="Exocelina" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Exocelina" order="Coleoptera" pageId="30" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Exocelina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="30" pageNumber="37" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="37">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="37">Papua New Guinea: Simbu and Eastern Highlands Provinces, Crater Mountain. This species is known only from the type locality (Fig. 50).</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="30" pageNumber="37" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="37">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="30" pageNumber="37">The species is named after Sima River. The name is a noun in the nominative singular standing in apposition.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
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