diff --git a/data/48/00/36/480036D3250A5657B1D33D99645526E9.xml b/data/48/00/36/480036D3250A5657B1D33D99645526E9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..22aad7decec --- /dev/null +++ b/data/48/00/36/480036D3250A5657B1D33D99645526E9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,439 @@ + + + +Two new species of Collembola (Arthropoda, Hexapoda) from Cova Urbana, a cave under a city + + + +Author + +Baquero, Enrique +0000-0002-2145-8606 +Institute for Biodiversity and Environment BIOMA, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain + + + +Author + +Jordana, Rafael +0000-0001-9088-787X +Institute for Biodiversity and Environment BIOMA, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain + + + +Author + +Fadrique, Floren +https://orcid.org/0009-0002-3199-2586 +Department of Environmental Biology, Faculty of Sciences, University of Navarra, 31008 Pamplona, Spain + +text + + +Subterranean Biology + + +2024 + +2024-10-22 + + +49 + + +163 +184 + + + +journal article +10.3897/subtbiol.49.120956 +2C735F4F-72F8-46EC-A66B-66EB886F03D1 + + + + + +Pygmarrhopalites sietae +Baquero & Jordana + +sp. nov. + + + + +Figs 9 +, +10 +, +11 +, +12 +, +13 +, +14 + + + + +Type material. + + + + +Holotype + +• female on slide, +Spain +: +Tarragona +city, +Tarragona province +, +Cova Urbana +, geographic coordinates + +41.114193 +, +1.248222 + +, + +15 m +a. s. l +. + +(the entrance is in an urban area), + +6 / vii / 2022 + +, dark zone of the cave, by aspirator ( + +MZNA + +code 782954) + +. + + +Paratypes + +• same data +as +holotype, +three specimens +on slide ( + +MZNA + +codes 782955 and 782986), and one mounted on stub for SEM observation ( + +MZNA + +code 782953). +All Floren Fadrique +leg ( +BIOSP +, +Associació Catalana de Biospeleologia +). Specimens deposited in + +MZNA + + +. + + + + +Description. + + + +Female. +Body + +not pigmented; length ( +holotype +): head, +0.23 mm +; body +0.62 mm +. + + + +Head +. + +Eyes 1 + 1, unpigmented. Clypeal area, row a: 2 + 2 and an axial chaeta; row b: 2 + 2; row c: 2 + 2; row d: 4 + 4; row e: 5 + 5; row f: 4 + 4. Inter-antennal area, row α: 2 + 2; row β: 1 + 1 and an axial chaeta; rows A and C: 2 + 2 and an axial chaeta; row B: 1 + 1 and an axial chaeta; row D: 2 + 2 chaeta. Lateral chaetae of rows C and D are not spine-like (Fig. +9 A +). Chaetotaxy of the mouth region. Labrum: pre-labral / labral chaetotaxy: 6 / 554. 2 + 2 chaetae near the ventral groove. Maxilla: apical chaeta of the maxillary outer lobe with a short and thin subparallel branch at the base; sublobal plate with three sublobal hairs. + + + + + + + +Pygmarrhopalites sietae + +sp. nov. +A +head chaetotaxy +B +Ant +I – II (* means that this chaeta has been observed only in one specimen) +C +Ant +III (the arrows point to chaetae that are noticeably thinner than the others and the sensory organ are included in a rectangle with the chaetae in black) +Ant +IV (the arrow points to the knobbed subapical organite). Scale bar: 0.05 mm. + + + +Antenna +(Fig. +9 B – D +): I / II / III / IV, 0.030 / 0.058 / 0.106 / 0.090-0.032 - 0.32 +- 0.030 +- 0.070 +; shorter than the body (ratio 0.72) and ratio +Ant +/ head +as +1.95; basal subsegment of +Ant +IV 0.84 times longer than +Ant +III. +Ant +I with seven chaetae, any +as +mic +. +Ant +II with 15 chaetae, two interior ones longer than others (16 because an additional one in the second whorl on one antenna of +one specimen +). +Ant +III with a conspicuous papilla, 15 chaetae, the two sense rods, and two thin setae and one short lateral sensilla; +Ant +IV with five distinct subsegments, with four evident whorls: one at the end of the first and three on the second to fourth subsegments. Apical subsegment with knobbed subapical organite; one of the chaetae on this area has a narrowing since the terminal half. + + + +Legs +. + +(Figs +10 A – F +, +11 +): Foreleg pre-coxae 1, 2, and coxa with 1, 0, 1 chaetae respectively. Trochanter with three anterior and one posterior chaetae. Femur with 11 chaetae, a +4 +turned perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the segment. Tibiotarsus: whorl I with nine chaetae among which Ja curved and somewhat thickened, II – +V +with 8, 8, 8, and 7 chaetae respectively; region F with three primary FP chaetae (e, ae, pe) and secondary chaeta FSa. Pre-tarsus with one anterior and one posterior chaetae. Foot complex: claw thin, without tunica evident, with inner tooth and two pairs of indistinct lateral teeth (25 and 60 % from claw basis); empodium thin, with corner tooth (Fig. +11 +), and long apical filament surpassing the tip of the claw. Mid leg pre-coxae 1 and 2 with 1, 1 chaetae respectively, pre-coxal process present, coxa with two chaetae and a microsensillum. Trochanter with three chaetae and a trochanteral organ. Femur with 14 chaetae, p +1 +and p +3 +very small. Tibiotarsus: whorl I with nine chaetae, whorls II – +V +with 8, 8, 8, and 7 chaetae respectively; region F with three FP chaetae and FSa chaeta. Foot complex: claw wider than foreleg claw, with tunica not evident, inner tooth, and two pairs of small lateral teeth; empodium without corner tooth but with a long apical filament surpassing the tip of the claw. Hind leg pre-coxae 1 and 2 with 1, 1 chaetae respectively, process on pre-coxa 1 present, coxa with three chaetae and a microsensillum. Trochanter with three chaetae and a trochanteral organ. Femur with 13 chaetae, p +1 +and p +3 +as +mic +. Tibiotarsus: whorl I with nine chaetae, whorls II – +V +with 8, 8, 8, and 7 chaetae respectively; region F with three FP chaetae and FSa chaeta. Foot complex: claw wider than foreleg claw, with tunica not evident, inner tooth, and two pairs of small lateral teeth; empodium without tooth, and a short apical filament. + + + + + + + +Pygmarrhopalites sietae + +sp. nov. +A – C +precoxa 1–2 and coxa of legs 1 to 3 respectively +D – F +tibiotarsi, claw and empodium of legs 1 to 3. Scale bar: 0.05 mm. + + + + + + + + +Pygmarrhopalites sietae + +sp. nov. +Claw and empodium of leg 1. Scale bar: 0.001 mm. + + + +Great abdomen +(Fig. +12 A +): +Th +II with a sensillum in row a, and three chaetae in row m (m +1 +bigger, thickened at the base). +Th +III with a sensillum in row a and three chaetae in row m. +Abd +I row a with five chaetae, row m with four, and four p chaetae, above bothriotrichal complex. Bothriotrichal complex: ABC almost linear; bothriotrichum A with one posterior accessory short chaeta; bothriotrichum B with one posterior accessory short chaeta; bothriotrichum C with two anterior accessory short chaetae. Posterior lateral complex with 4 + 3 chaetae. Posterior dorsal complex with three rows with 8, 10, and 9 long chaetae each. + + + + + + + +Pygmarrhopalites sietae + +sp. nov. +A +great abdomen, with detail of the shape of some chaetae +B +two some different morphologies of the anal appendage +C +tenaculum. Scale bars: 0.05 mm and 0.001 mm for detail of the chaetae ( +A +); 0.005 mm ( +B +). + + + + + +Abd +VI + +. + +Sixth abdominal segment: a +0 +not bifurcate, and none of the other circum-anal chaetae broadened, winged or serrated; anal appendage with long fringes or brush-like along final two thirds (Fig. +12 B +). + +Ventral tube with 1 + 1 subapical chaetae. + +Tenaculum with two apical chaetae on the corpus, three teeth, and a basal process on each ramus (Fig. +12 C +). Furca (Fig. +13 A, B +): manubrium with 4 + 4 posterior chaetae. Dens: anterior side with 3, 2, 1, 1 chaetae; externally Ie +as +massive spine, and IIpe +as +a big spine-like chaeta; internally Ii, IIIpi and IVpi moderately spinous, but with alveoli (Fig. +14 A +). Mucro: both lamellae serrated forming a channel at the end. Dens about 1.4 × +as +long +as +mucro (Fig. +14 B +). + + + + + + + +Pygmarrhopalites sietae + +sp. nov. +: furcal complex, with detail of some spine-like chaetae. Scale bar: 0.05 mm. + + + + + + + + +Pygmarrhopalites sietae + +sp. nov. +A +distal area of dentes, external view +B +mucro, external view. Scale bars: 0.001 mm. + + + + + +Ecology. + + +The specimens were only captured near the main siphon of the Maginet Room (Fig. +2 +). + + + + +Etymology. + + +The name of the new species is dedicated to the association that maintains the cavity and organizes the visits, the Societat d’Investigacions Espeleològiques de Tarragona ( + +SIET + +). + + + + +Remarks. + + +There are only two previously described species that share the presence of only one eye, absence of spine-like chaetae on posterior head, presence of papilla on +Ant +III, the number and position of spines / spine-like on dens (203 for external / anterior / internal) and a similar shape of anal appendage: +P. furcatus +( +Stach, 1945 +) and +P. ornatus +( +Stach, 1945 +). +P. furcatus +has not tooth on the claw of leg 1, a long filament on empodium of leg 3, and the anal appendice simply bifurcate; +P. ornatus +has not tooth on empodium of leg 1 and the filament on empodium of leg 3 is longer than in the new species; both species have the proximal spine (IIpe) on external dens strong and articulate, while in the new species is only a spine-like chaeta. The three descriptions of +P. ornatus +( +Stach 1945 +; Cassagnau-Debouteville 1953; +Dallai 1972 +) do not coincide with each other; Cassagnau-Delamare and Dallai say that their specimens coincide with the original description, but in the first case the anal appendage is branched, and in the second case the circumanal chaetae are broadened (in Stach one of the three drawings of the appendage is shown branched and the circumanal chaetae are not thickened). +Bretfeld (1999) +says that none of the post-Stach descriptions have consulted +types +(we haven’t either). In future, if more specimens ar found in this cave, this species should be compared with the +types +of +P. ornatus +, since they are very similar. + + + + \ No newline at end of file