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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.187.75854" ID-GBIF-Dataset="6a3c29ef-49ef-4af6-8720-071af65c33ee" ID-PMC="PMC8738629" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-187-189" ID-Pensoft-UUID="8F80DFC7B12E5D60B2F68E21ED5C9C88" ID-PubMed="35068975" ModsDocID="1314-2003-187-189" checkinTime="1640880464813" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Tian, Dai-Ke, Wang, Wen-Guang, Dong, Li-Na, Xiao, Yan, Zheng, Min-Min &amp; Ge, Bin-Jie" docDate="2021" docId="2D720B89EF535D5488FA0D47E8F10C53" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 187: 189-205" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 187" docPubDate="2021-12-30" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.187.75854" docTitle="Begonia giganticaulis D. K. Tian &amp; W. G. Wang 2021, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" id="8F80DFC7B12E5D60B2F68E21ED5C9C88" lastPageNumber="189" masterDocId="8F80DFC7B12E5D60B2F68E21ED5C9C88" masterDocTitle="A new species (Begonia giganticaulis) of Begoniaceae from southern Xizang (Tibet) of China" masterLastPageNumber="205" masterPageNumber="189" pageNumber="189" updateTime="1668140562187" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>A new species (Begonia giganticaulis) of Begoniaceae from southern Xizang (Tibet) of China</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Tian, Dai-Ke</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5387-5300</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3888 Chenhua Road, Songjiang, Shanghai 201602, China &amp; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, 3888 Chenhua Road, Songjiang, Shanghai 201602, China</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">dktian@cemps.ac.cn</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Wang, Wen-Guang</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Mengla, 666303, Yunnan, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Dong, Li-Na</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Guangxi Key Laboratory of Plant Conservation and Restoration Ecology in Karst Terrain, Guangxi Institute of Botany, Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guilin 541006, Guangxi, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Xiao, Yan</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3888 Chenhua Road, Songjiang, Shanghai 201602, China &amp; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, 3888 Chenhua Road, Songjiang, Shanghai 201602, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Zheng, Min-Min</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1103-9360</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3888 Chenhua Road, Songjiang, Shanghai 201602, China &amp; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, 3888 Chenhua Road, Songjiang, Shanghai 201602, China &amp; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 10049, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Ge, Bin-Jie</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Shanghai Chenshan Plant Science Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 3888 Chenhua Road, Songjiang, Shanghai 201602, China &amp; Shanghai Key Laboratory for Plant Functional Genomics and Resources, Shanghai Chenshan Botanical Garden, 3888 Chenhua Road, Songjiang, Shanghai 201602, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2021</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2021-12-30</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>187</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>189</mods:start>
<mods:end>205</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.187.75854</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.187.75854</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-187-189</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">8F80DFC7B12E5D60B2F68E21ED5C9C88</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="191808587" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2D720B89EF535D5488FA0D47E8F10C53" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2D720B89EF535D5488FA0D47E8F10C53" lastPageNumber="189" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="189" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="189">
<taxonomicName LSID="2D720B89-EF53-5D54-88FA-0D47E8F10C53" authority="D. K. Tian &amp; W. G. Wang" authorityName="D. K. Tian &amp; W. G. Wang" authorityYear="2021" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Begonia giganticaulis" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="giganticaulis" status="sp. nov.">Begonia giganticaulis D.K.Tian &amp; W.G.Wang</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="189">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="189" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="189">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Habitat and large-sized plant of Begonia giganticaulis D. K. Tian &amp; W. G. Wang, sp. nov. A habitat showing plants (arrows indicate) growing along stream bank B flowering plant growing along slope of valley C one of the tallest individuals with Dr. Dai-Ke Tian. (Photos A by Dai-Ke Tian B by Shi-Wei Guo C by Qing-Gong Mao)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.187.75854.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/629006" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Figs 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Morphology of Begonia giganticaulis D. K. Tian &amp; W. G. Wang, sp. nov. A one of the single tallest plants cut into four sections B main stem base C stems showing colour of nodal cross-sections D main stem with much expanded node and whitish-green lines or spots E expanded node on terminal branch F, G male plant branches showing inflorescences and different colours H female branches I adaxially (left) nearly glabrous and abaxially sparse hairs on veins (right, arrows indicate) on blade surfaces J stipules showing shape and colour. (Photo F by Wen-Guang Wang; others by Dai-Ke Tian)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.187.75854.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/629007" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">, 2</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Flower and fruit morphology of B. giganticaulis compared with its close species B. longifolia and B. acetosella A-H Begonia giganticaulis A staminate flowers with pinkish outer tepals B staminate flowers with white tepals C, D pistillate flower E ovary sections showing different colour F fruits on branch G, H dorsal and front views of fruits I-K B. longifolia I flowering and fruiting branch J fruits showing short horns K ovary dissection L-O B. acetosella L staminate flower M Pistillate flower N, O fruits with short horns or wings. (Photos C by Shi-Wei Guo E (left) L, M &amp; O by Wen-Guang Wang; others by Dai-Ke Tian)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.187.75854.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/629008" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">, 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Illustration of Begonia giganticaulis D. K. Tian &amp; W. G. Wang, sp. nov. (Drawn by Mr. Zhi-Min Li) A male flowering branches B female flowering branches C main stem line spots, much expanded node and internode base D expanded node and internode base on small upper branches E leaf blade F leaf (abaxial), showing sparse hairs on veins G stipule H staminate flowers I, J pistillate flower K side view of androecium L stamens M ovary and stigmas N fruit O dissection of ovary showing placentae." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.187.75854.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/629009" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">
, 4
<normalizedToken originalValue="巨型秋海棠">巨型秋海棠</normalizedToken>
</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="189" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="189">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="189">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2020-09-10" country="China" county="Autonomous Region" elevation="1320" latitude="29.3525" location="Beibeng town" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="95.18917" municipality="Medog county" specimenCount="♀" stateProvince="Xizang" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">
<collectingCountry name="China">China</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
.
<collectingRegion country="China" name="Xizang">Xizang</collectingRegion>
(
<collectingRegion country="China" name="Xizang">Tibet</collectingRegion>
)
<collectingCounty>Autonomous Region</collectingCounty>
:
<collectingMunicipality>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mêdog">Medog</normalizedToken>
county
</collectingMunicipality>
(墨脱县),
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2D720B89EF535D5488FA0D47E8F10C53:DDB7FED97F165491874AD18C4D307C2A" country="China" county="Autonomous Region" latitude="29.3525" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="95.18917" municipality="Medog county" name="Beibeng town" stateProvince="Xizang">Beibeng town</location>
(背崩乡),
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2D720B89EF535D5488FA0D47E8F10C53:DC8C202644C0BAE73EAF5906A5896E06" country="China" county="Autonomous Region" latitude="29.3525" longLatPrecision="20" longitude="95.18917" municipality="Medog county" name="Baimu Xiri river" stateProvince="Xizang">Baimu Xiri river</location>
(白母西日河), forest slope of river valley or
<normalizedToken originalValue="water’s">water's</normalizedToken>
edge along stream,
<geoCoordinate degrees="29" direction="north" minutes="21" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="9" value="29.3525">29°21'9&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="95" direction="east" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="21" value="95.18917">95°11'21&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, elev.
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3199999999999998" unit="m" value="1320.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3199999999999998" unit="m" value="1320.0">1320 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate value="2020-09-10">10 September 2020</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Dai-Ke Tian, Fang Wen, Qing-Gong Mao, &amp; Zhu Lu, TDK4773-A</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
CSH! Barcode number: 0180561,
<specimenCount>♀</specimenCount>
)
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.187.75854.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/629006" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="189">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Figure 1.</emphasis>
Habitat and large-sized plant of
<taxonomicName authorityName="D. K. Tian &amp; W. G. Wang" authorityYear="2021" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Begonia giganticaulis" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="giganticaulis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Begonia giganticaulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
D.K.Tian &amp; W.G.Wang, sp. nov.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">A</emphasis>
habitat showing plants (arrows indicate) growing along stream bank
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">B</emphasis>
flowering plant growing along slope of valley
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">C</emphasis>
one of the tallest individuals with Dr. Dai-Ke Tian. (Photos
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">A</emphasis>
by Dai-Ke Tian
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">B</emphasis>
by Shi-Wei Guo
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">C</emphasis>
by Qing-Gong Mao).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.187.75854.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/629007" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="189">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Figure 2.</emphasis>
Morphology of
<taxonomicName authorityName="D. K. Tian &amp; W. G. Wang" authorityYear="2021" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Begonia giganticaulis" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="giganticaulis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Begonia giganticaulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
D.K.Tian &amp; W.G.Wang, sp. nov.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">A</emphasis>
one of the single tallest plants cut into four sections
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">B</emphasis>
main stem base
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">C</emphasis>
stems showing colour of nodal cross-sections
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">D</emphasis>
main stem with much expanded node and whitish-green lines or spots
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">E</emphasis>
expanded node on terminal branch
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">F, G</emphasis>
male plant branches showing inflorescences and different colours
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">H</emphasis>
female branches
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">I</emphasis>
adaxially (left) nearly glabrous and abaxially sparse hairs on veins (right, arrows indicate) on blade surfaces
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">J</emphasis>
stipules showing shape and colour. (Photo
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">F</emphasis>
by Wen-Guang Wang; others by Dai-Ke Tian).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.187.75854.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/629008" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="189">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Figure 3.</emphasis>
Flower and fruit morphology of
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. giganticaulis" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rank="species" species="giganticaulis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">B. giganticaulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
compared with its close species
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. longifolia" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rank="species" species="longifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">B. longifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. acetosella" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rank="species" species="acetosella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">B. acetosella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">A-H</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="D. K. Tian &amp; W. G. Wang" authorityYear="2021" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Begonia giganticaulis" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="giganticaulis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Begonia giganticaulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">A</emphasis>
staminate flowers with pinkish outer tepals
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">B</emphasis>
staminate flowers with white tepals
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">C, D</emphasis>
pistillate flower
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">E</emphasis>
ovary sections showing different colour
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">F</emphasis>
fruits on branch
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">G, H</emphasis>
dorsal and front views of fruits
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">I-K</emphasis>
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. longifolia" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rank="species" species="longifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">B. longifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">I</emphasis>
flowering and fruiting branch
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">J</emphasis>
fruits showing short horns
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">K</emphasis>
ovary dissection
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">L-O</emphasis>
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. acetosella" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rank="species" species="acetosella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">B. acetosella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">L</emphasis>
staminate flower
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">M</emphasis>
Pistillate flower
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">N, O</emphasis>
fruits with short horns or wings. (Photos
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">C</emphasis>
by Shi-Wei Guo
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">E</emphasis>
(left)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">L, M</emphasis>
&amp;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">O</emphasis>
by Wen-Guang Wang; others by Dai-Ke Tian).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="189" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="189">
The new species is mostly similar to
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. longifolia" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rank="species" species="longifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">B. longifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. acetosella" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rank="species" species="acetosella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">B. acetosella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but clearly differs from the former mainly by its dioecious (vs. monoecious), taller (to 4 m vs. less than 2 m) plants, longer (vs. shorter) inflorescence, and unique shape of fruits, and differs from the latter mainly by its taller (to 4 m vs. less than 2 m) plants, late and longer (Jun. to Oct. vs. Mar. to Apr.) flowering time, longer (6-20 mm vs. 5-12 mm) pedicel, 6 (vs. 4) tepals of pistillate flower and 3 (vs. 4)-loculed ovary (Table
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="T3" captionText="Table 3. Morphological comparison of Begonia giganticaulis, B. longifolia and B. acetosella." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/22D325F41DBAD6A0E6FC7DC3CA1598C8" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" tableUuid="22D325F41DBAD6A0E6FC7DC3CA1598C8">3</tableCitation>
, Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Flower and fruit morphology of B. giganticaulis compared with its close species B. longifolia and B. acetosella A-H Begonia giganticaulis A staminate flowers with pinkish outer tepals B staminate flowers with white tepals C, D pistillate flower E ovary sections showing different colour F fruits on branch G, H dorsal and front views of fruits I-K B. longifolia I flowering and fruiting branch J fruits showing short horns K ovary dissection L-O B. acetosella L staminate flower M Pistillate flower N, O fruits with short horns or wings. (Photos C by Shi-Wei Guo E (left) L, M &amp; O by Wen-Guang Wang; others by Dai-Ke Tian)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.187.75854.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/629008" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">3</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Table-UUID="22D325F41DBAD6A0E6FC7DC3CA1598C8" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/22D325F41DBAD6A0E6FC7DC3CA1598C8" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" start="Table 3" startId="T3">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="189">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Table 3.</emphasis>
Morphological comparison of
<taxonomicName authorityName="D. K. Tian &amp; W. G. Wang" authorityYear="2021" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Begonia giganticaulis" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="giganticaulis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Begonia giganticaulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. longifolia" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rank="species" species="longifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">B. longifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. acetosella" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rank="species" species="acetosella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">B. acetosella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="189">
<table pageId="0" pageNumber="189">
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="189">
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">Character</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. giganticaulis" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rank="species" species="giganticaulis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">B. giganticaulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. longifolia" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rank="species" species="longifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">B. longifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. acetosella" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rank="species" species="acetosella">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">B. acetosella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="189">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Plant</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="189">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">sexuality</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">dioecious</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">monoecious</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">dioecious</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="189">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">height (m)</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">up to 4</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">less than 2</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">less than 2</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="189">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Petiole</emphasis>
length (cm)
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">0.7-7</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">1-12</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">1-10</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="189">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Leaf blade surface</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">muriculate</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">glabrous to less muriculate</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">muriculate to hirsutulous</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="189">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Inflorescence</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="189">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">peduncle length (mm)</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">7-15</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">4-10</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">2-10</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="189">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">flower number</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">1-11</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">1-11(15)</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">1-3(5)</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="189">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Tepal number of pistillate flower</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">6</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">6</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">4</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="189">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Tepal colour</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">pinkish to white</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">white</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">pinkish to white</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="189">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Ovary</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">3-loculed</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">3-loculed</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">4-loculed</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="189">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Pedicel length</emphasis>
(mm)
</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" isEmpty="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">-</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="189">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">male flower</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">10-20</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">5-12</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">8-12</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="189">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">female flower</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">6-12</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">5-12</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">5-10</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="189">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Fruit horn or wing</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">none to rarely short crest</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">none to short crest or horns</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">short to long horns or wings</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="189">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Flowering time</emphasis>
</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">June-October</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">June-December</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rowspan="1">March-April</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="189" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="189">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Herb</emphasis>
perennial, evergreen, to 4 m tall, dioecious.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Rhizome</emphasis>
short, stout, nearly unbranched, reddish brown, to 12 cm thick.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Stem</emphasis>
erect, reddish brown or green, glabrous, internodes to 5 cm thick, with many longitudinally fusiform whitish spots, cross section of stem often reddish brown, nodes notably enlarged, to 7 cm thick, with unequally oval to round whitish spots, many shrubby branches on the upper part of main stem.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Stipule</emphasis>
long-triangular, light green or pinkish green, 9-25
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2-8 mm, glabrous, margin entire, dorsal ridge pinkish, apex acuminate with arista 4-6 mm long.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Petioles</emphasis>
green, pink to red, glabrous, 7-22 cm long, 1-3 mm thick.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Leaf blade</emphasis>
ovate-lanceolate to lanceolate, 4-19
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.8-8 cm, adaxial green, muriculate to nearly glabrous, adaxial veins slightly concave; abaxial greyish green, veins usually red, convex, main veins sparsely and obliquely strigose; base obliquely cordate, margin shallowly and remotely denticulate, apex long caudate;
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Inflorescence</emphasis>
dichasial cyme, axillary, short, 3-5 cm long, unbranched to branched once, rachis glabrous, green, pinkish green to red, base usually red-brown, 7-15 mm long, 1-1.5 mm thick, 3-11 male flowers or 1-5 female per inflorescence.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Bract</emphasis>
often caducous, pinkish green, long triangular, glabrous, ca. 6
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
3 mm, apex acuminate; bracteoles smaller.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Staminate flower</emphasis>
: pedicel glabrous, white, whitish or pinkish green, 10-14 mm long, ca.1 mm thick; corolla 18-24 mm in diameter; tepals 4, subequal, glabrous, outer 2, obovate, 9-14
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
6-9 mm, apex obtuse, adaxially white and middle-upper part abaxially pink, or pure white for some individuals, longitudinal veins unapparent; inner 2, pure white, obovate to obovate-lanceolate, 8-13
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
5-7 mm, apex obtuse; androecium nearly actinomorphic, ca. 5 mm long, 6-7 mm in diam; stamens 48-60, filaments free, 1-2 mm long; anther yellow, 2-3 mm long, apex obtuse or nearly so.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Pistillate flower</emphasis>
: pedicel white or green-white, 6-12 mm long, 0.8-1 mm thick; corolla 20-25 mm, tepals 6, rarely 4, glabrous, outer 3 (rarely 2), obovate or long obovate, thick and rigid, 12-18
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
7-10 mm, adaxial surface nearly white, distinctly concave, abaxially pink on middle-upper part, inner 3 (rarely 2), obovate-lanceolate to oblanceolate or long elliptical, slightly narrower than outer tepals, 10-19
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
6-8 mm, white, glabrous, apex obtuse; styles + stigmas 5 mm long, 7-8 mm wide; styles 3, free; stigmas yellow, nearly U-shaped, each side spirally twisted 1.5 circles; ovary pink or green, with white convex spots; placentation axile, 3-loculed, each placenta 2-branched.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Peduncle</emphasis>
green to pinkish green, glabrous, 8-12 mm long, ca. 1 mm thick.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Fruit</emphasis>
red, pink or green, glabrous, triangular-gyroscopic, 8-11
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1-12 mm wide, concave between two placentas, wingless to occasionally short ridged, apex with beak 3-4 mm long. Flowering Jun.-Oct., fruiting Jul.-Dec.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.187.75854.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/629009" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" start="Figure 4" startId="F4">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="189">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Figure 4.</emphasis>
Illustration of
<taxonomicName authorityName="D. K. Tian &amp; W. G. Wang" authorityYear="2021" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Begonia giganticaulis" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="giganticaulis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Begonia giganticaulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
D.K.Tian &amp; W.G.Wang, sp. nov. (Drawn by Mr. Zhi-Min Li)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">A</emphasis>
male flowering branches
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">B</emphasis>
female flowering branches
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">C</emphasis>
main stem line spots, much expanded node and internode base
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">D</emphasis>
expanded node and internode base on small upper branches
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">E</emphasis>
leaf blade
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">F</emphasis>
leaf (abaxial), showing sparse hairs on veins
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">G</emphasis>
stipule
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">H</emphasis>
staminate flowers
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">I, J</emphasis>
pistillate flower
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">K</emphasis>
side view of androecium
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">L</emphasis>
stamens
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">M</emphasis>
ovary and stigmas
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">N</emphasis>
fruit
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">O</emphasis>
dissection of ovary showing placentae.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="189" type="additional specimen examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Additional specimen examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="189">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">China. Xizang</emphasis>
:
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mêdog">Medog</normalizedToken>
County (墨脱县), Beibeng Town (背崩乡), Baimu Xiri River (白母西日河), forest slope of river valley or
<normalizedToken originalValue="water’s">water's</normalizedToken>
edge along stream,
<geoCoordinate degrees="29" direction="north" minutes="21" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="9" value="29.3525">29°21'9&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="95" direction="east" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="21" value="95.18917">95°11'21&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, elev. 1320 m, 10 September 2020,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Dai-Ke Tian, Fang Wen, Qing-Gong Mao, &amp; Zhu Lu TDK4773-B</emphasis>
(paratype CSH!, ♂);
<geoCoordinate degrees="29" direction="north" minutes="20" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="0" value="29.333334">29°20'0&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="95" direction="east" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="49" value="95.180275">95°10'49&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, elev. 1110 m, 10 September 2020,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Dai-Ke Tian, Fang Wen, Qing-Gong Mao, &amp; Zhu Lu TDK4765-A, TDK4765-B</emphasis>
, (paratype CSH!);
<geoCoordinate degrees="29" direction="north" minutes="18" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="32" value="29.308887">29°18'32&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="95" direction="east" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="38" value="95.17722">95°10'38&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, elev. 980 m, 10 September 2020,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Dai-Ke Tian, Fang Wen, Qing-Gong Mao, &amp; Zhu Lu TDK4777</emphasis>
(paratype CSH!); near Ani Bridge (阿尼桥),
<geoCoordinate degrees="29" direction="north" minutes="17" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="8.41" value="29.28567">29°17'8.41&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="95" direction="east" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="3.23" value="95.167564">95°10'3.23&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, elev. 810 m, 3 July 2020,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Wen-Guang Wang, You-Yun Li, Xing-Da Ma, &amp; Jian-Yong Shen, WWG 2014</emphasis>
(paratype, HITBC!),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">WWG 2015</emphasis>
(paratype HITBC!); elev. 1100 m, 16 September 1974,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">anonymous 2608</emphasis>
(paratype PE!); elev. 800-1400 m, 30 June 1980,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Wei-Lie Chen 10809</emphasis>
(PE!); near No. 2 Bridge,
<geoCoordinate degrees="29" direction="north" minutes="16" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="42" value="29.278334">29°16'42&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="95" direction="east" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="49" value="95.180275">95°10'49&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, elev. 810 m, 1 October 2017,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Dai-Ke Tian, Yan Xiao, Xin Zhong, Li-Zhi Tian &amp; Zhu Lu TDK3429</emphasis>
(paratype CSH!); Beibeng to Hanmi (汗密), elev. 840 m, 7 August 2010, South Tibet Expedition Team (藏南队),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Xiao-Hua Jin, Shu-Dong Zhang, Zhong-Yang Li, Bao-Cheng Wu, Xian-Yun Mu, Jing Li &amp; Wei-Tao Jin, STET2304</emphasis>
(paratype PE!); Hanmi to Maniweng (马尼翁), elev. 800-1000 m, 6 August 1974,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Qingzang Team 74-4114</emphasis>
(paratype PE!); elev. 1200 m, 24 June 1983,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Bo-Sheng Li &amp; Shu-Zhi Chen 05229</emphasis>
(paratype PE!); Maniweng to Ani Bridge, elev. 700-1000 m, 3 August 1972,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Tibet Expedition Team, Institute of Biology 1631</emphasis>
(paratype HNWP!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="189" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="189">
Currently known from at least two localities in
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mêdog">Medog</normalizedToken>
, southern Xizang (Tibet), China (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Distribution of B. giganticaulis (triangles) from southern Xizang, China." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.187.75854.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/629010" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">5</figureCitation>
). It grows on the slopes under forest along streams, elevation 450-1400 m.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.187.75854.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/629010" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" start="Figure 5" startId="F5">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="189">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Figure 5.</emphasis>
Distribution of
<taxonomicName lsidName="B. giganticaulis" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" rank="species" species="giganticaulis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">B. giganticaulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(triangles) from southern Xizang, China.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="189" type="conservation status">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="189">
<taxonomicName authorityName="D. K. Tian &amp; W. G. Wang" authorityYear="2021" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Begoniaceae" genus="Begonia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Begonia giganticaulis" order="Cucurbitales" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="giganticaulis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Begonia giganticaulis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is currently found in at least two localities in
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mêdog">Medog</normalizedToken>
of Tibet. Additional populations might be discovered when more surveys are conducted in China-India border region. However, based on current data, it should be categorised as Endangered: B2a (
<bibRefCitation author="IUCN" journalOrPublisher="Mitteilungen aus dem Institut fuer Allgemeine Botanik in Hamburg" pageId="0" pageNumber="189" publicationUrl="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" refId="B30" refString="IUCN, 2019. Guidelines for using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee. http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" title="Guidelines for using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 14. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee." url="http://www.iucnredlist.org/documents/RedListGuidelines.pdf" year="2019">IUCN 2019</bibRefCitation>
) due to &lt;500 km2 area of occupancy with severely fragmented habitat consisting of &lt;5 known populations totally under 1000 individuals by estimation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="189" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="189">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="189">The specific epithet refers to the huge (very tall and thick stem) plant size of the new species, which is the tallest begonia in Asia.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>