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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.56.526" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bd735e98-6e44-4e43-bb1f-4b25d02aed80" ID-PMC="PMC3088325" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-56-191" ID-PubMed="21594180" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2010" ModsDocID="1313-2970-56-191" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 56" ModsDocTitle="Five new species of Triotemnus(Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae) from Morocco and Yemen" checkinTime="1451250994720" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Knizek, Milos" docDate="2010" docId="B5C634B65856DB364D9684C70B90CE1A" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 56: 191-206" docOrigin="ZooKeys 56" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.56.526" docTitle="Triotemnus Wollaston" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="193" masterDocId="4906FFE2FF84B407FFF2FFD5FFCAFFF8" masterDocTitle="Five new species of Triotemnus (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Scolytinae) from Morocco and Yemen" masterLastPageNumber="206" masterPageNumber="191" pageNumber="193" updateTime="1668162617516" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<taxonomicName authority="Wollaston" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Triotemnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Triotemnus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Triotemnus Wollaston</taxonomicName>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="193" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="193">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cladoctoporcus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cladoctoporcus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cladoctoporcus</taxonomicName>
Schedl, 1975. Type species
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cladoctoporcus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cladoctoporcus scrofa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scrofa">Cladoctoporcus scrofa</taxonomicName>
Schedl, 1975
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="193" type="type species">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="193">Type species.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="193">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Triotemnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Triotemnus subretusus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subretusus">Triotemnus subretusus</taxonomicName>
Wollaston, 1864
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="193" type="note">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="193">Note.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="193">
The position of the genus
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Triotemnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Triotemnus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Triotemnus</taxonomicName>
Wollaston within the higher systematics of bark beetles has changed frequently since its origin. The very first attempt to range the genus within the higher systematics was made by
<bibRefCitation author="Ferrari, JA" journalOrPublisher="Carl Gerold's Sohn, Wien" pageId="12" pageNumber="203" title="Die Forst- und Baumzuchtschaedlichen Borkenkaefer (Tomicides Lac.) aus der Familie der Holzverderber (Scolytides Lac.), mit besonderer Beruecksichtigung vorzueglich der europaeischen Formen, und der Sammlung des k. k. zoologischen Kabinetes in Wien." year="1867">Ferrari 1867</bibRefCitation>
, who recognized 6 groups of scolytids and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Triotemnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Triotemnus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Triotemnus</taxonomicName>
was placed into Group 5 - Tomicides. Later, many different authors placed the
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Triotemnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Triotemnus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Triotemnus</taxonomicName>
in different tribes, but three main transfers were particularly important.
<bibRefCitation author="Hagedorn, JM" journalOrPublisher="Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift" pageId="12" pageNumber="203" pagination="369 - 382" title="Diagnosen bisher unbeschriebener Borkenkaefer." volume="1908" year="1908">Hagedorn 1908</bibRefCitation>
suggested that the genus belongs to the family
<taxonomicName family="Crypturgidae" lsidName="" pageId="2" pageNumber="193" rank="family">Crypturgidae</taxonomicName>
, followed by
<bibRefCitation author="Hopkins, AD" journalOrPublisher="Government Printing Office, Washington" pageId="12" pageNumber="203" pagination="165 - 232" title="Contributions toward a monograph of the scolytid beetles. II. Preliminary classification of the superfamily Scolytoidea." volumeTitle="United States Department of Agriculture, Technical Series, No. 17." year="1915">Hopkins 1915</bibRefCitation>
, which ranked it at subfamily level. This was followed by
<bibRefCitation author="Schedl, KE" editor="Winkler, A" journalOrPublisher="Albert Winkler, Wien" pageId="12" pageNumber="203" pagination="1632 - 1647" title="Scolytidae." volumeTitle="Catalogus Coleopterorum regionis palaearcticae." year="1932">Schedl 1932</bibRefCitation>
, which placed it into the tribe
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="2" pageNumber="193" rank="tribe" tribe="Crypturgini">Crypturgini</taxonomicName>
LeConte, 1876. Later it was transferred to the tribe
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="2" pageNumber="193" rank="tribe" tribe="Thamnurgini">Thamnurgini</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Nüsslin">Nuesslin</normalizedToken>
, 1911 by
<bibRefCitation author="Balachowsky, A" journalOrPublisher="Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris" pageId="12" pageNumber="203" title="Faune de France, 50, Coleopteres Scolytides." year="1949 a">Balachowsky 1949a</bibRefCitation>
and afterwards into
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="2" pageNumber="193" rank="tribe" tribe="Dryocoetini">Dryocoetini</taxonomicName>
Lindemann, 1876 by
<bibRefCitation author="Wood, SL" journalOrPublisher="Brigham Young University, Provo" pageId="12" pageNumber="203" title="A Reclassification of the Genera af Scolytidae (Coleoptera)." volumeTitle="Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs, Number 10." year="1986">Wood 1986</bibRefCitation>
, in which it is remaining in the most modern system and the most important recent papers until now, with one exception of
<bibRefCitation author="Pfeffer, A" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Basiliensia" pageId="12" pageNumber="203" pagination="5 - 310" title="Zentral- und westpalaearktische Borken- und Kernkaefer (Coleoptera, Scolytidae, Platypodidae)." volume="17" year="1995">Pfeffer 1995</bibRefCitation>
, which followed
<bibRefCitation author="Balachowsky, A" journalOrPublisher="Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Paris" pageId="12" pageNumber="203" title="Faune de France, 50, Coleopteres Scolytides." year="1949 a">Balachowsky 1949a</bibRefCitation>
. There is only one synonymy at the generic level, the monobasic genus
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cladoctoporcus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cladoctoporcus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cladoctoporcus</taxonomicName>
Schedl, 1975 was synonymized by
<bibRefCitation author="Wood, SL" journalOrPublisher="Great Basin Naturalist" pageId="12" pageNumber="203" pagination="223 - 230" title="New generic synonymy and new genera of Scolytidae (Coleoptera)." volume="44" year="1984">Wood (1984)</bibRefCitation>
. All other species currently included in the genus were originally described in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Triotemnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Triotemnus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Triotemnus</taxonomicName>
, except
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Triotemnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Triotemnus grangeri" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="grangeri">Triotemnus grangeri</taxonomicName>
(Peyerimhoff, 1919), which was originally described under the genus
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Lymantor" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lymantor" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lymantor</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Løvendal">Lovendal</normalizedToken>
, 1889 and was transferred to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Triotemnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Triotemnus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Triotemnus</taxonomicName>
by Peyerimhoff in 1949.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="193" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="193">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="193">
Length 1.2 - 2.3 mm, slender, cylindrical body form, reddish to dark brown, antennae and legs lighter. Male frons flattened to concave. Eyes emarginate on anterior margin around the antennal insertion. Each mandible with short or long pointed tooth-like process directed upward. Antennal funicle 4- or 5-segmented (3-segmented in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Triotemnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Triotemnus scrofa" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="scrofa">Triotemnus scrofa</taxonomicName>
), antennal club longitudinally oval, usually with two sutures in apical part on anterior side. Pronotum oval or cylindrical, longer than wide, feebly declivous anteriorly, distinctly punctured, usually with impunctate median longitudinal area, not armed on basal margin. Scutellum visible, rather small, flush with elytra. Elytra cylindrical, sometimes widened or narrowed posteriorly, more or less deeply punctured in striae, finely punctured in interstriae, interstriae flat, usually smooth or minutely granulate, elytral declivity regularly rounded or flattened, sometimes with distinct lateral edges. Vestiture usually of long erected hair-like setae, these setae may be longer anteriorly, laterally and posteriorly. Procoxae contiguous, lateral margin of protibia armed by 4-5 socketed teeth. Female similar to male, except frons slightly convex, mandibles without the tooth-like processes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="193">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Triotemnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Triotemnus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Triotemnus</taxonomicName>
Wollaston, 1864 differs from closely related genera (e.g.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Thamnurgus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Thamnurgus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Thamnurgus</taxonomicName>
Eichhoff, 1864,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Xylocleptes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Xylocleptes" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Xylocleptes</taxonomicName>
Ferrari, 1867 and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Lymantor" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lymantor" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lymantor</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Løvendal">Lovendal</normalizedToken>
, 1889) mainly by modified frons in males with tooth-like processes on mandibles, feebly if at all declivous pronotum, which is unarmed on anterior margin.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Tiarophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tiarophorus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tiarophorus</taxonomicName>
Schreiner, 1882 has much longer pronotum and strongly, but differently modified frons in males and 6-segmented antennal funicle. Some species ranged in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Tiarophorus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Tiarophorus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tiarophorus</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation author="Wood, SL" journalOrPublisher="Brigham Young University, Provo" pageId="12" pageNumber="203" title="A Catalog of Scolytidae and Platypodidae (Coleoptera), Part 2: Taxonomic index. Volume A." volumeTitle="Great Basin Naturalist Memoirs" year="1992">Wood and Bright 1992</bibRefCitation>
) are recently considered under
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Pseudothamnurgus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pseudothamnurgus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Pseudothamnurgus</taxonomicName>
Eggers, 1912 (e.g.
<bibRefCitation author="Pfeffer, A" journalOrPublisher="Entomologica Basiliensia" pageId="12" pageNumber="203" pagination="5 - 310" title="Zentral- und westpalaearktische Borken- und Kernkaefer (Coleoptera, Scolytidae, Platypodidae)." volume="17" year="1995">Pfeffer 1995</bibRefCitation>
). Solving the relationship of this genus/species with
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Triotemnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Triotemnus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Triotemnus</taxonomicName>
remains for the future study.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Taphronurgus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Taphronurgus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Taphronurgus</taxonomicName>
Reitter, 1913 has no tooth-like processes on mandibles in males. The most similar
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cynanchophagus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cynanchophagus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="193" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cynanchophagus</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Aksent’ev">Aksent'ev</normalizedToken>
, 1987 has much longer pronotum and 7-9 socketed protibial teeth (
<bibRefCitation author="Mandelshtam, MYu" journalOrPublisher="Petersburg" pageId="12" pageNumber="203" pagination="213 - 218" title="A new and poorly known species of bark beetles (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) from Middle Asia. Proceedings of the Russian Entomological Society St." volume="77" year="2006">Mandelshtam et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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<taxonomicName id="A1DA14A50CC48DDD93C3990972B5EE33" ID-CoL="4246B" ID-ENA="1667531" authority="Foerster, 1876" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1876" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Mesoleptus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mesoleptus congener" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="congener">
Mesoleptus congener (
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, 1876)
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<taxonomicName id="C61F3ACA7D4BD2A02C0CEE2572ABDF6F" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Exolytus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Exolytus congener" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="congener">Exolytus congener</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken id="3F8DA5F0C1433D4F9EC09147C3ADA5FC" originalValue="Förster">Foerster</normalizedToken>
, 1876
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<paragraph id="EBA2B1444D4D5FFDBCFC01545434A591" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2C857FBC4EC9F40D1F99B3118B276769" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042">England, Scotland, Wales, Ireland</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="76D5446F379A8CDA3D3086185791CE12" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042">Notes</paragraph>
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added by
<bibRefCitation id="6930678BBF67302075F027829C043FC1" author="Jussila, R." journalOrPublisher="Annales de la Societe entomologique du France (n. s.)" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" pagination="499 - 518" title="Revision of the western Palaearctic Mesoleptus (Hymenoptera: Ichneumonidae)" volume="46" year="2010">Jussila et al. (2010)</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.28.21758" ID-GBIF-Dataset="f0007f79-41a0-4a00-968f-840eec763fc9" ID-PMC="PMC5804140" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-4049-28-19" ID-PubMed="29559821" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1314-4049-28-19" ModsDocOrigin="MycoKeys 28" ModsDocTitle="Ophiostomatoid fungi associated with conifer-infesting beetles and their phoretic mites in Yunnan, China" checkinTime="1513882021770" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Chang, Runlei, Duong, Tuan A., Taerum, Stephen J., Wingfield, Michael J., Zhou, Xudong &amp; Beer, Z. Wilhelm de" docDate="2017" docId="B5C67B1BD0CA34C1BFA8969AFE09B513" docLanguage="en" docName="MycoKeys 28: 19-64" docOrigin="MycoKeys 28" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/mycokeys.28.21758" docTitle="Leptographium ningerense R. Chang &amp; Z. W. de Beer, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="36" masterDocId="B53AFF99FC1F1316FFE7B84C084CFFD1" masterDocTitle="Ophiostomatoid fungi associated with conifer-infesting beetles and their phoretic mites in Yunnan, China" masterLastPageNumber="64" masterPageNumber="19" pageNumber="35" updateTime="1668135881021" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>Ophiostomatoid fungi associated with conifer-infesting beetles and their phoretic mites in Yunnan, China</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Chang, Runlei</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Duong, Tuan A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Taerum, Stephen J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Wingfield, Michael J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Zhou, Xudong</mods:namePart>
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<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Beer, Z. Wilhelm de</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName LSID="823697" authority="R. Chang &amp; Z. W. de Beer" class="Sordariomycetes" family="Ophiostomataceae" genus="Leptographium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Leptographium ningerense" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="16" pageNumber="35" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="ningerense">Leptographium ningerense R.Chang &amp; Z.W.de Beer</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="16" pageNumber="35">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Fig. 11
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="35" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="35">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="35">
The epithet
<taxonomicName class="Pilidiophora" family="Lineidae" genus="Acari" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acari ningerense" order="Heteronemertea" pageId="16" pageNumber="35" phylum="Nemertea" rank="species" species="ningerense">ningerense</taxonomicName>
refers to the
<normalizedToken originalValue="Ning’er">Ning'er</normalizedToken>
county where all isolates of this taxon were collected.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="35" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="35">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="35">
Sexual state not observed. Asexual state, conidiophores occurring singly or in groups of up to 3, macronematous, mononematous, erect, arising directly from the mycelium, (93.5-) 141.5-195.5 (-210.5)
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
long. Rhizoids present. Stipes dark olivaceous, 4-6 septa, not constricted at septa, (66-) 119.5-142 (-159)
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
long. Apical cells not swollen at apex, (3-) 5-6.5 (-7)
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
wide. Basal cells occasionally swollen at apex, (5.5-) 7-10 (-11.5)
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
wide. Conidiogenous apparatus (28-) 35-58 (-70)
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
long, excluding the conidial mass, with multiple series of cylindrical branches. Primary branches olivaceous, smooth, cylindrical, not swollen at apex, aseptate, arrangement of primary branches was Type B-two or more branches, (12.5-) 14.5-18 (-19.5)
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
(3.5-) 4
<normalizedToken originalValue="–5.5(–">-5.5(-</normalizedToken>
6.5)
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
. Secondary branches light olivaceous, frequently swollen at apex, aseptate, (6.5-) 9
<normalizedToken originalValue="–13(–">-13(-</normalizedToken>
15)
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
(3.5-) 4-5 (-5.5)
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
. Tertiary branches light olivaceous, aseptate, (7-) 8-10 (-12)
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
(3-) 3.5-4.5 (-5)
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
. Conidiogenous cells discrete, hyaline, 2-3 per branch, aseptate, cylindrical, tapering slightly at the apex, (10.5-) 12-17.5 (-20.5)
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
(2-) 2-2.5 (-3)
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
. Conidia hyaline, aseptate, elliptical, (3-) 3.5-5.5 (-6.5)
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
(1.5-) 2-3 (-4)
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="16" pageNumber="35">
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="35">
Fig. 11. Morphological characters of asexual structures of
<taxonomicName class="Sordariomycetes" family="Ophiostomataceae" genus="Leptographium" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" lsidName="Leptographium ningerense" order="Ophiostomatales" pageId="16" pageNumber="35" phylum="Ascomycota" rank="species" species="ningerense">Leptographium ningerense</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. a fourteen days old culture on OA b mononematous asexual morph on wood tissue on WA c conidiophore d conidia e conidiogenous apparatus. Scale bars:
<normalizedToken originalValue="a–e">a-e</normalizedToken>
= 10
<normalizedToken originalValue="μm">μm</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="35" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="35">Culture characteristics.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="35">Colonies on 3% OA flat, hyaline at the beginning, then becoming light olivaceous to dark olivaceous. Colonies hyaline at the beginning, then becoming dark olivaceous. Mycelium superficial on the 3% OA with olivaceous aerial mycelium. Colony margin smooth. Conidiophores forms abundantly in clusters on OA. Colonies on 2% MEA flat, reaching 76 mm diam in 10 d at 25 °C. No growth observed at 5 and 35 °C. Optimal temperature for growth 25 °C, reaching 30.5 mm in diam. in 7 days.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="35" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="35">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="35">
CHINA, Yunnan Province, Puer City, from
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Acaridae" genus="Schwiebea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schwiebea (Jacotietta) taiwanensis" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="16" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taiwanensis" subGenus="Jacotietta">Schwiebea (Jacotietta) taiwanensis</taxonomicName>
hyperphoretic on
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Coccotrypes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coccotrypes cyperi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyperi">Coccotrypes cyperi</taxonomicName>
on
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus kesiya" order="Pinales" pageId="16" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kesiya">Pinus kesiya</taxonomicName>
bark, 16 Sep. 2010, S.J.Taerum, herbarium specimen of dried culture, PREM 61545 (holotype), CMW41786 = CBS139663 (ex-holotype culture).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="16" pageNumber="35" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="35">Additional specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="16" pageNumber="35">
CHINA, Yunnan province, Puer City, from
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Digamasellidae" genus="Insectolaelaps" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Insectolaelaps" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="16" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Insectolaelaps</taxonomicName>
sp. 1 in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Orthotomicus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthotomicus angulatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="35" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angulatus">Orthotomicus angulatus</taxonomicName>
on
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus kesiya" order="Pinales" pageId="16" pageNumber="35" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kesiya">Pinus kesiya</taxonomicName>
bark, 17 Sep. 2010, S.J.Taerum, PREM 61546, CMW41831 = CBS139664.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="36" type="host">
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="36">
<pageBreakToken pageId="17" pageNumber="36" start="start">Host</pageBreakToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="36">
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus kesiya" order="Pinales" pageId="17" pageNumber="36" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kesiya">Pinus kesiya</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="36" type="beetle vectors">
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="36">Beetle vectors.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="36">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Polygraphus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Polygraphus szemaoensis" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="szemaoensis">Polygraphus szemaoensis</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="36" type="mite vectors">
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="36">Mite vectors.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="36">
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Digamasellidae" genus="Dendrolaelaps" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendrolaelaps" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="17" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Dendrolaelaps</taxonomicName>
sp. 1 (phoretic on
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Coccotrypes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coccotrypes cyperi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyperi">Coccotrypes cyperi</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Digamasellidae" genus="Dendrolaelaps" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dendrolaelaps" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="17" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Dendrolaelaps</taxonomicName>
sp. 2 (phoretic on
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Coccotrypes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coccotrypes cyperi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyperi">Coccotrypes cyperi</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Cyrtogenius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cyrtogenius luteus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luteus">Cyrtogenius luteus</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Acaridae" genus="Schwiebea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Schwiebea (Jacotietta) taiwanensis" order="Sarcoptiformes" pageId="17" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="taiwanensis" subGenus="Jacotietta">Schwiebea (Jacotietta) taiwanensis</taxonomicName>
(phoretic on
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Coccotrypes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Coccotrypes cyperi" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cyperi">Coccotrypes cyperi</taxonomicName>
),
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Digamasellidae" genus="Insectolaelaps" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Insectolaelaps" order="Mesostigmata" pageId="17" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Insectolaelaps</taxonomicName>
sp. 1 (
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Orthotomicus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orthotomicus angulatus" order="Coleoptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="angulatus">Orthotomicus angulatus</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="36" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="36">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="36">At present known only from Yunnan, China.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="17" pageNumber="36" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="36">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="17" pageNumber="36">
<taxonomicName lsidName="L. ningerense" pageId="17" pageNumber="36" rank="species" species="ningerense">L. ningerense</taxonomicName>
is morphologically similar to
<taxonomicName lsidName="L. pineti" pageId="17" pageNumber="36" rank="species" species="pineti">L. pineti</taxonomicName>
, but grows much more rapidly, reaching 30 mm in 7 d on 2% MEA at 25 °C while
<taxonomicName lsidName="L. pineti" pageId="17" pageNumber="36" rank="species" species="pineti">L. pineti</taxonomicName>
reaches a diameter of only 15 mm in 6 d. However, the two species are best distinguished with BT, EF and CAL sequences.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<treatment id="B5C6EEE84FA392C144A5F4FCAC9A307D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6273808" ID-GBIF-Taxon="100119851" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6273808" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B5C6EEE84FA392C144A5F4FCAC9A307D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B5C6EEE84FA392C144A5F4FCAC9A307D" lastPageNumber="158" pageNumber="158">
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<taxonomicName id="C06AB959B36B6FC862E00D96672671D0" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:181653" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole pinicola Wilson" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole pinicola Wilson" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="158" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pinicola">Pheidole pinicola</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="714C9DBE2782904E0C2CCD583F7EA9FE" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<paragraph id="FD72A64A6EFAA29E4F87B44AAEEDCF36" pageNumber="158">Types Mus. Comp. Zool. Harvard.</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="FFB941D6C1669D5BAB9078C2B3E916DC" pageNumber="158">
etymology l
<taxonomicName id="DFE1D44737B3ACAFE711D590AEEC4239" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:181653" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole pinicola Wilson" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole pinicola Wilson" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="158" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pinicola">pinicola</taxonomicName>
, pine-dweller, based on habitat of type colony.
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diagnosis A member of the
<taxonomicName id="D121F8869C85DC724F1D8779C25AFD51" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:33688" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Pheidole" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Pheidole crassicornis Emery" lsidName-HNS="Pheidole crassicornis Emery" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="158" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crassicornis">crassicornis</taxonomicName>
group distinguished by the following combination of traits. Major: occiput, frontal triangle, and central piece of clypeus smooth and shiny, area between frontal carinae and eyes heavily rugoreticulate, and rest of dorsal surface of head longitudinally carinulate; all of mesosoma, waist, and anterior half of central strip of gastral tergite foveolate and opaque; pronotal dorsum transversely carinulate; pronotal profile in dorsal-oblique view bilobous. Minor: all of head, mesosoma, and waist, and most of the first gastral tergite foveolate and opaque; anterior strip of pronotal dorsum transversely rugulose; mandibles and tarsi dark yellow.
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="237AC3AACDEF29CB07DFC5936231A430" type="description">
<paragraph id="3E8F2598C8D09BEEDE1145C086EBA9B0" pageNumber="158">Measurements (mm) Holotype major: HW 1.30, HL 1.30, SL 0.80, EL 0.20, PW 0.66. Paratype minor: HW 0.66, HL 0.76, SL 0.80, EL 0.16, PW 0.46.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F40175E5386AEBD4351E53B7773098CC" pageNumber="158">color Major: head and appendages light reddish brown; rest of body medium reddish brown. Minor: body medium reddish brown, mandibles and tarsi dark yellow.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E0E0D24747A24B24373366E680264121" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="5F21F381E59A485FE57C28EC42EB13C2" pageNumber="158">Range Known only from the type locality.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="0AE045A3964648A7F0A147F78A8CA637" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="5463E4BFD807482EF28FD5FBD3832C9B" pageNumber="158">Biology The type series were collected in pine forest.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D7DB5EF5674BD247E28035DCEDB6FBE2" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="73F65CE9E931621DDC43D77562026542" pageNumber="158">Figure Upper: holotype, major. Lower: paratype, minor. MEXICO: pine forest, km 225 on Highway 85, Hidalgo (Cornell University Mexico Field Party 1965). Scale bars = 1 mm.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>