Add updates up until 2025-02-12 15:41:59

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[A second specimen of

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<subSubSection id="C348D8DFB400FFB4FECAFD4C2538FD18" box="[264,594,644,670]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="nomenclature">
@ -49,7 +52,7 @@
<heading id="D0A53C38B400FFB4FECAFD4C2538FD18" bold="true" box="[264,594,644,670]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B9265746B400FFB4FECAFD4C2538FD18" bold="true" box="[264,594,644,670]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Genus:
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B400FFB4FEABFD4C2692FD18" ID-CoL="7NP64" box="[361,504,644,670]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Anocellidae" genus="Anocellidus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B400FFB4FEABFD4C2692FD18" ID-CoL="7NP64" authorityName="Quiroga, Bolaños &amp; Litvaitis" authorityYear="2006" box="[361,504,644,670]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Anocellidae" genus="Anocellidus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9265746B400FFB4FEABFD4C2692FD18" bold="true" box="[361,504,644,670]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Anocellidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A215EA3DB400FFB4FDC2FD4C2538FD18" box="[512,594,644,670]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="genus">n. gen.</taxonomicNameLabel>

View file

@ -1,47 +1,50 @@
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<mods:title id="89EFFFBB3B6BF5E115062A3373C56180">First description of deep­sea polyclad flatworms from the North Pacific: Anocellidus n. gen. profundus n. sp. (Anocellidae, n. fam.) and Oligocladus voightae n. sp. (Euryleptidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="756313BAD484A5D4B2B076236DC532CE">First description of deep­sea polyclad flatworms from the North Pacific: Anocellidus n. gen. profundus n. sp. (Anocellidae, n. fam.) and Oligocladus voightae n. sp. (Euryleptidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="2F79FFE3C58AE0AAF9F8D38DD111766A">Quiroga, Sigmer Y.</mods:namePart>
<mods:namePart id="B464C73C137C6D00DEE4B0E9E53CFF21">Quiroga, Sigmer Y.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="D6AB689E3C078A38962035BB3D596321">Bolaños, D. Marcela</mods:namePart>
<mods:namePart id="8B5FED1CD4115F1B13540CF01CFA9113">Bolaños, D. Marcela</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="70FD43E5CED6858FEECCE4A3C4132E20">Litvaitis, Marian K.</mods:namePart>
<mods:namePart id="5CF0D132B26D836C98648DF98F1CCE3E">Litvaitis, Marian K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:part id="0FA9A2A2084C0566008620CB58CE5988">
<mods:date id="81E42ACB59A6A35E1FE9D835D1ADF336">2006</mods:date>
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<treatment id="03FB3A42B400FFBBFECAFC8E2494FED8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5689592" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119349461" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5689592" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:8BA13E91-0DFA-45B0-8F0A-0EA900949978" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FB3A42B400FFBBFECAFC8E2494FED8" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<subSubSection id="C348D8DFB400FFB4FECAFC8E25AFFCE6" box="[264,709,838,865]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="nomenclature">
@ -49,7 +52,7 @@
<heading id="D0A53C38B400FFB4FECAFC8E25AFFCE6" bold="true" box="[264,709,838,865]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B9265746B400FFB4FECAFC8E25AFFCE6" bold="true" box="[264,709,838,865]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Species:
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B400FFB4FEB6FC8E269BFCE6" ID-CoL="6749G" box="[372,497,838,864]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Anocellidae" genus="Anocellidus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="profundus" status="sp. nov.">
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B400FFB4FEB6FC8E269BFCE6" ID-CoL="6749G" authorityName="Quiroga, Bolaños &amp; Litvaitis" authorityYear="2006" box="[372,497,838,864]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Anocellidae" genus="Anocellidus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="profundus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9265746B400FFB4FEB6FC8E269BFCE6" bold="true" box="[372,497,838,864]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">profundus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A215EA3DB400FFB4FE3BFC8E2551FCE6" box="[505,571,838,864]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
@ -69,45 +72,65 @@ material and locality:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B400FFB4FEFAFC712272FC7D" blockId="4.[264,1323,913,1899]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
a)
<materialsCitation id="3B3A8109B400FFB4FE9AFC712279FC7D" collectingDate="2003-07-11" collectionCode="FMNH" latitude="47.76275" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-127.75732" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" specimenCode="FMNH 12555" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54E935F6B400FFB4FE9AFC7126A2FC55" box="[344,456,953,979]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
, whole mount, one mature specimen (
, whole mount,
<specimenCount id="9D5440DDB400FFB4FD43FC712414FC55" box="[641,894,953,979]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">one mature specimen</specimenCount>
(
<quantity id="4CAA26B1B400FFB4FC52FC71248CFC55" box="[912,998,953,979]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
<date id="FFECAD94B400FFB4FC2CFC712340FC55" box="[1006,1066,953,979]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1910-10">
X
<quantity id="4CAA26B1B400FFB4FBCFFC71230FFC55" box="[1037,1125,953,979]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="10.0">
<quantity id="4CAA26B1B400FFB4FBCFFC712340FC55" box="[1037,1066,953,979]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="10.0">10</quantity>
mm
</quantity>
</date>
mm),
<collectionCode id="ED431391B400FFB4FBB9FC7123BAFC55" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" box="[1147,1232,953,979]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">FMNH</collectionCode>
12555; collected
),
<specimenCode id="DBF4232FB400FFB4FBB9FC71224CFC55" box="[1147,1318,953,979]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">FMNH 12555</specimenCode>
; collected
<collectingDate id="EFA8547CB400FFB4FEBBFC29257FFC7D" box="[377,533,993,1019]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<date id="FFECAD94B400FFB4FEBBFC2926A4FC7D" box="[377,462,993,1019]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1911-07">11 July</date>
, 2003 from
, 2003
</collectingDate>
from
<quantity id="4CAA26B1B400FFB4FD9EFC2925DFFC7D" box="[604,693,993,1019]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.66" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="m" value="2660.0">2660 m</quantity>
depth at ODP 1026B (
<geoCoordinate id="EE66ED93B400FFB4FC03FC29233EFC7D" box="[961,1108,993,1019]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" precision="1" value="47.76275">47º45.765'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE66ED93B400FFB4FB99FC292261FC7D" box="[1115,1291,993,1019]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" precision="1" value="-127.75732">127º45.439W</geoCoordinate>
).
<geoCoordinate id="EE66ED93B400FFB4FC03FC29233EFC7D" box="[961,1108,993,1019]" degrees="47" direction="north" minutes="45.765" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" precision="1" value="47.76275">47º45.765'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE66ED93B400FFB4FB99FC292261FC7D" box="[1115,1291,993,1019]" degrees="127" direction="west" minutes="45.439" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" precision="1" value="-127.75732">127º45.439W</geoCoordinate>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B400FFB4FEFAFBC1250DFBF5" blockId="4.[264,1323,913,1899]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
b)
<materialsCitation id="3B3A8109B400FFB4FE95FBC12508FBF5" collectingDate="2003-07-11" collectionCode="FMNH" latitude="47.76275" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-127.75732" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" specimenCode="FMNH 12556" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="54E935F6B400FFB4FE95FBC126AAFBA5" box="[343,448,1033,1059]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
, one mature specimen as serial sagittal sections (
,
<specimenCount id="9D5440DDB400FFB4FE09FBC125A8FBA5" box="[459,706,1033,1059]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">one mature specimen</specimenCount>
as serial sagittal sections (
<quantity id="4CAA26B1B400FFB4FC34FBC12322FBA5" box="[1014,1096,1033,1059]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="13.0">13 mm</quantity>
<date id="FFECAD94B400FFB4FB8CFBC123EDFBA5" box="[1102,1159,1033,1059]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1912-10">
X
<quantity id="4CAA26B1B400FFB4FBA8FBC123AAFBA5" box="[1130,1216,1033,1059]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="12.0">
<quantity id="4CAA26B1B400FFB4FBA8FBC123EDFBA5" box="[1130,1159,1033,1059]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="12.0">12</quantity>
mm
</quantity>
</date>
mm),
<collectionCode id="ED431391B400FFB4FB11FBC12242FBA5" LSID="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" box="[1235,1320,1033,1059]" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34795" name="Field Museum of Natural History" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">FMNH</collectionCode>
12556; collected with
<typeStatus id="54E935F6B400FFB4FDDCFBF925EEFBCD" box="[542,644,1073,1099]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
on
),
<specimenCode id="DBF4232FB400FFB4FB11FBC1263FFBCD" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">FMNH 12556</specimenCode>
; collected with holotype on
<collectingDate id="EFA8547CB400FFB4FD7FFBF9240FFBCD" box="[701,869,1073,1099]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<date id="FFECAD94B400FFB4FD7FFBF92472FBCD" box="[701,792,1073,1099]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="1911-07">11 July</date>
, 2003 from
, 2003
</collectingDate>
from
<quantity id="4CAA26B1B400FFB4FC75FBF9237CFBCD" box="[951,1046,1073,1099]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.66" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="m" value="2660.0">2660 m</quantity>
depth at ODP 1026B (
<geoCoordinate id="EE66ED93B400FFB4FED2FB9126C9FBF5" box="[272,419,1113,1139]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" precision="1" value="47.76275">47º45.765'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE66ED93B400FFB4FE68FB912530FBF5" box="[426,602,1113,1139]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" precision="1" value="-127.75732">127º45.439W</geoCoordinate>
).
<geoCoordinate id="EE66ED93B400FFB4FED2FB9126C9FBF5" box="[272,419,1113,1139]" degrees="47" direction="north" minutes="45.765" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" precision="1" value="47.76275">47º45.765'N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE66ED93B400FFB4FE68FB912530FBF5" box="[426,602,1113,1139]" degrees="127" direction="west" minutes="45.439" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" precision="1" value="-127.75732">127º45.439W</geoCoordinate>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B400FFB4FEFAFB49250DFB1C" blockId="4.[264,1323,913,1899]" box="[312,615,1153,1178]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="B9265746B400FFB4FEFAFB49250DFB1C" box="[312,615,1153,1178]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Other material examined:</emphasis>
@ -236,7 +259,7 @@ locality ODP 1026B (
Male copulatory apparatus posterior to the male pore and directed anteriorly, with a long and pointed stylet directed posterior; prostatic vesicle and prostaticlike glands absent. Well­developed, nuchal tentacles, eyes completely lacking. Ventral sensory disk present anterior to the cerebral ganglion.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C348D8DFB401FFBBFEFAFDFB2494FED8" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="description">
<subSubSection id="C348D8DFB401FFB7FEFAFDFB2586FAA7" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B401FFB5FEFAFDFB26A3FDCB" blockId="5.[264,1325,284,1870]" box="[312,457,563,589]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="B9265746B401FFB5FEFAFDFB26A3FDCB" bold="true" box="[312,457,563,589]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Description</emphasis>
</paragraph>
@ -357,32 +380,34 @@ long; stylet, 1037 µm
<date id="FFECAD94B403FFB7FEFBFB17261EFB7F" box="[313,372,1247,1273]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" value="1975-10">X 75</date>
µm; spermiducal bulbs, 300 µm maximum diameter; tentacles, 625 µm long X 250 µm maximum diameter at their base.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C348D8DFB403FFBBFEFAFAE72494FED8" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B403FFB7FEFAFAE72558FACF" blockId="7.[264,1325,1167,1873]" box="[312,562,1327,1353]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="B9265746B403FFB7FEFAFAE72558FACF" bold="true" box="[312,562,1327,1353]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Taxonomic remarks</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B403FFB7FEFAFA9F2629F8D7" blockId="7.[264,1325,1167,1873]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
Although the classification system of
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B403FFB7FD3AFA9F24DBFAF7" author="Prudhoe" box="[760,945,1367,1393]" pageId="7" pageNumber="19" refString="Prudhoe, S. (1985) A Monograph on Polyclad Turbellaria. Oxford University Press: Oxford." type="book" year="1985">Prudhoe (1985)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B403FFB7FD3AFA9F24DBFAF7" author="Prudhoe, S." box="[760,945,1367,1393]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref6961" refString="Prudhoe, S. (1985) A Monograph on Polyclad Turbellaria. Oxford University Press: Oxford." type="book" year="1985">Prudhoe (1985)</bibRefCitation>
is more conservative because it recognizes fewer taxa, the use of
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B403FFB7FD77FAB72433FA1F" author="Faubel" box="[693,857,1407,1433]" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" refString="Faubel, A. (1983) The Polycladida, Turbellaria. Proposal and establishment of a new system. Part I. The Acotylea. Mitteilungen des hamburgischen zoologischen Museums und Instituts, 80, 17 - 121." type="journal article" year="1983">Faubel (1983</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B403FFB7FD77FAB72433FA1F" author="Faubel, A." box="[693,857,1407,1433]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="17 - 121" refId="ref6331" refString="Faubel, A. (1983) The Polycladida, Turbellaria. Proposal and establishment of a new system. Part I. The Acotylea. Mitteilungen des hamburgischen zoologischen Museums und Instituts, 80, 17 - 121." type="journal article" year="1983">Faubel (1983</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B403FFB7FCAEFAB724DFFA1F" author="Faubel" box="[876,949,1407,1433]" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" refString="Faubel, A. (1984 a) The Polycladida, Turbellaria. Proposal and establishment of a new system. Part II. The Cotylea. Mitteilungen des hamburgischen zoologischen Museums und Instituts, 81, 189 - 259." type="journal article" year="1984" yearSuffix="a">1984a</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B403FFB7FCAEFAB724DFFA1F" author="Faubel, A." box="[876,949,1407,1433]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="189" refId="ref6371" refString="Faubel, A. (1984 a) The Polycladida, Turbellaria. Proposal and establishment of a new system. Part II. The Cotylea. Mitteilungen des hamburgischen zoologischen Museums und Instituts, 81, 189 - 259." type="journal article" year="1984">1984a</bibRefCitation>
) is appropriate because of its importance on characters of the reproductive system.
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B403FFB7FC76FA6F23A9FA46" box="[948,1219,1447,1472]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Anocellidae" genus="Anocellidus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="profundus">
<emphasis id="B9265746B403FFB7FC76FA6F23A9FA46" box="[948,1219,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Anocellidus profundus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
lacks a prostatic vesicle and in the system of
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B403FFB7FD2EFA0724FAFA6F" author="Faubel" box="[748,912,1487,1513]" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" refString="Faubel, A. (1983) The Polycladida, Turbellaria. Proposal and establishment of a new system. Part I. The Acotylea. Mitteilungen des hamburgischen zoologischen Museums und Instituts, 80, 17 - 121." type="journal article" year="1983">Faubel (1983</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B403FFB7FD2EFA0724FAFA6F" author="Faubel, A." box="[748,912,1487,1513]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="17 - 121" refId="ref6331" refString="Faubel, A. (1983) The Polycladida, Turbellaria. Proposal and establishment of a new system. Part I. The Acotylea. Mitteilungen des hamburgischen zoologischen Museums und Instituts, 80, 17 - 121." type="journal article" year="1983">Faubel (1983</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B403FFB7FC60FA072484FA6F" author="Faubel" box="[930,1006,1487,1513]" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" refString="Faubel, A. (1984 a) The Polycladida, Turbellaria. Proposal and establishment of a new system. Part II. The Cotylea. Mitteilungen des hamburgischen zoologischen Museums und Instituts, 81, 189 - 259." type="journal article" year="1984" yearSuffix="a">1984a</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B403FFB7FC60FA072484FA6F" author="Faubel, A." box="[930,1006,1487,1513]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="189" refId="ref6371" refString="Faubel, A. (1984 a) The Polycladida, Turbellaria. Proposal and establishment of a new system. Part II. The Cotylea. Mitteilungen des hamburgischen zoologischen Museums und Instituts, 81, 189 - 259." type="journal article" year="1984">1984a</bibRefCitation>
), would be placed in the Ilyplanoidea. This superfamily corresponds to the Cestoplanoidea of
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B403FFB7FBA4FA3F224DF997" author="Prudhoe" box="[1126,1319,1527,1553]" pageId="7" pageNumber="19" refString="Prudhoe, S. (1985) A Monograph on Polyclad Turbellaria. Oxford University Press: Oxford." type="book" year="1985">Prudhoe (1985)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B403FFB7FBA4FA3F224DF997" author="Prudhoe, S." box="[1126,1319,1527,1553]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref6961" refString="Prudhoe, S. (1985) A Monograph on Polyclad Turbellaria. Oxford University Press: Oxford." type="book" year="1985">Prudhoe (1985)</bibRefCitation>
.
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B403FFB7FECAF9D726A2F9BF" author="Prudhoe" box="[264,456,1567,1593]" pageId="7" pageNumber="19" refString="Prudhoe, S. (1985) A Monograph on Polyclad Turbellaria. Oxford University Press: Oxford." type="book" year="1985">Prudhoe (1985)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B403FFB7FECAF9D726A2F9BF" author="Prudhoe, S." box="[264,456,1567,1593]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref6961" refString="Prudhoe, S. (1985) A Monograph on Polyclad Turbellaria. Oxford University Press: Oxford." type="book" year="1985">Prudhoe (1985)</bibRefCitation>
subdivided the Acotylea into three superfamilies depending on the position of eyes, recognizing marginal, tentacular, cerebral, and frontal eyes. Absolute eye positions are often difficult to determine with areas of cerebral, marginal, and frontal eyes overlapping. And although in his lower taxonomic units,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B403FFB7FC69F95F2320F937" author="Faubel" box="[939,1098,1687,1713]" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" refString="Faubel, A. (1983) The Polycladida, Turbellaria. Proposal and establishment of a new system. Part I. The Acotylea. Mitteilungen des hamburgischen zoologischen Museums und Instituts, 80, 17 - 121." type="journal article" year="1983">Faubel (1983</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B403FFB7FC69F95F2320F937" author="Faubel, A." box="[939,1098,1687,1713]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="17 - 121" refId="ref6331" refString="Faubel, A. (1983) The Polycladida, Turbellaria. Proposal and establishment of a new system. Part I. The Acotylea. Mitteilungen des hamburgischen zoologischen Museums und Instituts, 80, 17 - 121." type="journal article" year="1983">Faubel (1983</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B403FFB7FB95F95F23CAF937" author="Faubel" box="[1111,1184,1687,1713]" pageId="7" pageNumber="18" refString="Faubel, A. (1984 a) The Polycladida, Turbellaria. Proposal and establishment of a new system. Part II. The Cotylea. Mitteilungen des hamburgischen zoologischen Museums und Instituts, 81, 189 - 259." type="journal article" year="1984" yearSuffix="a">1984a</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B403FFB7FB95F95F23CAF937" author="Faubel, A." box="[1111,1184,1687,1713]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="189" refId="ref6371" refString="Faubel, A. (1984 a) The Polycladida, Turbellaria. Proposal and establishment of a new system. Part II. The Cotylea. Mitteilungen des hamburgischen zoologischen Museums und Instituts, 81, 189 - 259." type="journal article" year="1984">1984a</bibRefCitation>
) does place importance on what we consider minor or developmentally plastic details (e. g.,
<typeStatus id="54E935F6B403FFB7FB14F9772262F95F" box="[1238,1288,1727,1753]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">type</typeStatus>
of lining of the prostatic vesicle), the presence or absence of an entire structure such as the prostatic vesicle, does appear to be a much more reliable character than the position of eyes.
@ -410,7 +435,7 @@ is somewhat similar to that of species in the euplanid genus
,
</emphasis>
it clearly does not pertain to that genus (
<tableCitation id="C6D0BEEFB40CFFB8FED2F9922601F9F2" box="[272,363,1626,1652]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="10.[264,352,483,507]" captionText="TABLE 2. Comparison of morphological features of species in the genus Aprostatum * (i. e., lacking a prostatic vesicle and / or prostatoid organs) and the new species Anocellidus profundus." pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Table 2</tableCitation>
<tableCitation id="C6D0BEEFB40CFFB8FED2F9922601F9F2" box="[272,363,1626,1652]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="10.[264,352,483,507]" captionTargetBox="[269,1310,574,977]" captionText="TABLE 2. Comparison of morphological features of species in the genus Aprostatum * (i. e., lacking a prostatic vesicle and / or prostatoid organs) and the new species Anocellidus profundus." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF2DDBDCB40EFFBAFECAFE2B226DFD98" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" tableUuid="DF2DDBDCB40EFFBAFECAFE2B226DFD98">Table 2</tableCitation>
). The presence of nuchal tentacles, the total absence of eyes, and the presence of a unique ventral sensory organ also separate
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B40CFFB8FCD7F94A24DAF91D" box="[789,944,1666,1691]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Anocellidae" genus="Anocellidus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="profundus">
<emphasis id="B9265746B40CFFB8FCD7F94A24DAF91D" box="[789,944,1666,1691]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">A. profundus</emphasis>
@ -431,7 +456,7 @@ Here we note the presence of tentacles in
<emphasis id="B9265746B40CFFB8FCAAF9322312F895" box="[872,1144,1786,1811]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Anocellidus profundus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, although the characters systematic value is uncertain. For example,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B40CFFB8FC65F8EA2325F8BA" author="Faubel" box="[935,1103,1826,1852]" pageId="8" pageNumber="18" refString="Faubel, A. (1983) The Polycladida, Turbellaria. Proposal and establishment of a new system. Part I. The Acotylea. Mitteilungen des hamburgischen zoologischen Museums und Instituts, 80, 17 - 121." type="journal article" year="1983">Faubel (1983)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B40CFFB8FC65F8EA2325F8BA" author="Faubel, A." box="[935,1103,1826,1852]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="17 - 121" refId="ref6331" refString="Faubel, A. (1983) The Polycladida, Turbellaria. Proposal and establishment of a new system. Part I. The Acotylea. Mitteilungen des hamburgischen zoologischen Museums und Instituts, 80, 17 - 121." type="journal article" year="1983">Faubel (1983)</bibRefCitation>
defines the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B40CFFB8FECAF88226C9F8E5" box="[264,419,1866,1891]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Stylochoplanidae" genus="Armatoplana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9265746B40CFFB8FECAF88226C9F8E5" box="[264,419,1866,1891]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Armatoplana</emphasis>
@ -441,12 +466,12 @@ as lacking tentacles, however,
<emphasis id="B9265746B40CFFB8FCF3F8822370F8E5" box="[817,1050,1866,1891]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Armatoplana divae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has tentacles (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B40CFFB9FB1BF882262CFEB0" author="Faubel" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="18" refString="Faubel, A. (1983) The Polycladida, Turbellaria. Proposal and establishment of a new system. Part I. The Acotylea. Mitteilungen des hamburgischen zoologischen Museums und Instituts, 80, 17 - 121." type="journal article" year="1983">Faubel 1983</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B40CFFB9FB1BF882262CFEB0" author="Faubel, A." lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="17 - 121" refId="ref6331" refString="Faubel, A. (1983) The Polycladida, Turbellaria. Proposal and establishment of a new system. Part I. The Acotylea. Mitteilungen des hamburgischen zoologischen Museums und Instituts, 80, 17 - 121." type="journal article" year="1983">Faubel 1983</bibRefCitation>
), as does
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B40DFFB9FE0AFED424F2FEB0" authority="Bolanos et al., 2006" authorityName="Bolanos et al." authorityYear="2006" box="[456,920,284,310]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Stylochoplanidae" genus="Armatoplana" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="colombiana">
<emphasis id="B9265746B40DFFB9FE0AFED42512FEB3" box="[456,632,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A. colombiana</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B40DFFB9FD4CFED424FBFEB0" author="Bolanos" box="[654,913,284,310]" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" refString="Bolanos, D. M., Quiroga, S. Y. &amp; Litvaitis, M. K. (2006) A new acotylean flatworm, Armatoplana colombiana n. sp. (Platyhelminthes: Polycladida: Stylochoplanidae) from the Caribbean coast of Colombia, South America. Zootaxa, 1162, 53 - 64." type="journal article" year="2006">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B40DFFB9FD4CFED424FBFEB0" author="Bolanos, D. M. &amp; Quiroga, S. Y. &amp; Litvaitis, M. K." box="[654,913,284,310]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="53 - 64" refId="ref6139" refString="Bolanos, D. M., Quiroga, S. Y. &amp; Litvaitis, M. K. (2006) A new acotylean flatworm, Armatoplana colombiana n. sp. (Platyhelminthes: Polycladida: Stylochoplanidae) from the Caribbean coast of Colombia, South America. Zootaxa, 1162, 53 - 64." type="journal article" year="2006">
Bolaños
<emphasis id="B9265746B40DFFB9FD3EFED42456FEB3" box="[764,828,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al.</emphasis>
, 2006
@ -487,7 +512,7 @@ Scale bar = 250 µm.
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B40DFFBAFEFAFAB426CFFE28" blockId="9.[264,1324,1404,1870]" lastBlockId="10.[264,1323,284,430]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
However, we recognize the ventrally located putative sensory organ anterior to the cerebral ganglion as an unusual character. A cursory examination of this disk may result in its being confused with a cotylean sucker and the mistaken placement of the specimens in the Cotylea. The presence or absence of a true sucker posterior to the female gonopore has defined the suborders Cotylea (with sucker) and Acotylea (without sucker) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B40DFFB9FB53F9D42274F9B0" author="Lang" box="[1169,1310,1564,1590]" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" refString="Lang, A. (1884) Die Polycladen (Seeplanarien) des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeresabschnitte. Eine Monographie. Fauna und Flora des Golfes von Neapel 11. ix + 688 pp. Leipzig." type="book" year="1884">Lang, 1884</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B40DFFB9FB53F9D42274F9B0" author="Lang, A." box="[1169,1310,1564,1590]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refId="ref6567" refString="Lang, A. (1884) Die Polycladen (Seeplanarien) des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeresabschnitte. Eine Monographie. Fauna und Flora des Golfes von Neapel 11. ix + 688 pp. Leipzig." type="book" year="1884">Lang, 1884</bibRefCitation>
). However, exceptions exist; species of acotyleans with a sucker include
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B40DFFB9FB67F98C251CF900" authority="O.F. Muller 1774" authorityName="O.F. Muller" authorityYear="1774" class="Rhabditophora" family="Leptoplanidae" genus="Leptoplana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="tremellaris">
<emphasis id="B9265746B40DFFB9FB67F98C26E2F903" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Leptoplana tremellaris</emphasis>
@ -504,33 +529,35 @@ Marcus 1947
,
</emphasis>
the sucker is a depression between the male and female gonopore along the midline of the body (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B40DFFB9FDF0F92C25A1F978" author="Faubel" box="[562,715,1764,1790]" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" refString="Faubel, A. (1983) The Polycladida, Turbellaria. Proposal and establishment of a new system. Part I. The Acotylea. Mitteilungen des hamburgischen zoologischen Museums und Instituts, 80, 17 - 121." type="journal article" year="1983">Faubel 1983</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B40DFFB9FDF0F92C25A1F978" author="Faubel, A." box="[562,715,1764,1790]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="17 - 121" refId="ref6331" refString="Faubel, A. (1983) The Polycladida, Turbellaria. Proposal and establishment of a new system. Part I. The Acotylea. Mitteilungen des hamburgischen zoologischen Museums und Instituts, 80, 17 - 121." type="journal article" year="1983">Faubel 1983</bibRefCitation>
). In
<emphasis id="B9265746B40DFFB9FCC0F92C241BF97B" box="[770,881,1764,1789]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B40DFFB9FCC0F92C2407F97B" box="[770,877,1764,1789]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Leptoplanidae" genus="Itannia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="ornata">I. ornata</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
two adhesive organs are posterior to the gonopore on either side of the midline (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B40DFFB9FCD5F8C424D1F8A0" author="Marcus" box="[791,955,1804,1830]" pageId="9" pageNumber="18" refString="Marcus, E. (1952) Turbellaria Brasileiros (10) Boletin da facultade de filosofia ciencias y letras de Sao Paulo Zoologia No 17, 5 - 188." type="journal article" year="1952">Marcus 1952</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B40DFFB9FCD5F8C424D1F8A0" author="Marcus, E." box="[791,955,1804,1830]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="5 - 188" refId="ref6607" refString="Marcus, E. (1952) Turbellaria Brasileiros (10) Boletin da facultade de filosofia ciencias y letras de Sao Paulo Zoologia No 17, 5 - 188." type="journal article" year="1952">Marcus 1952</bibRefCitation>
). Despite the presence of such suckers, other characteristics, such as position of the tentacles, structure of the copulatory complex, and arrangement of eyes determine the placement of
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B40EFFBAFC32FED4233DFEB3" box="[1008,1111,284,309]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Leptoplanidae" genus="Itannia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="ornata">
<emphasis id="B9265746B40EFFBAFC32FED4233DFEB3" box="[1008,1111,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">I. ornata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
into the Acotylea (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B40EFFBAFED2FE8C26FEFED8" author="Bock" box="[272,404,324,350]" pageId="10" pageNumber="17" refString="Bock, S. (1913) Studien uber Polycladen. Zoologiska Bidrag fran Uppsala 2, 29 - 344." type="journal article" year="1913">Bock 1913</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B40EFFBAFED2FE8C26FEFED8" author="Bock, S." box="[272,404,324,350]" journalOrPublisher="Zoologiska Bidrag fran Uppsala" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="29 - 344" part="2" refId="ref6118" refString="Bock, S. (1913) Studien uber Polycladen. Zoologiska Bidrag fran Uppsala 2, 29 - 344." title="Studien uber Polycladen" type="journal article" year="1913">Bock 1913</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B40EFFBAFE62FE8C2550FED8" author="Hyman" box="[416,570,324,350]" pageId="10" pageNumber="18" refString="Hyman L. H. (1951) The Invertebrates: Vol. II. Platyhelminthes and Rhynchocoela; the acelomate Bilateria. McGraw-Hill, New York, 572 pp" type="book" year="1951">Hyman 1951</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B40EFFBAFE62FE8C2550FED8" author="Hyman L. H." box="[416,570,324,350]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref6537" refString="Hyman L. H. (1951) The Invertebrates: Vol. II. Platyhelminthes and Rhynchocoela; the acelomate Bilateria. McGraw-Hill, New York, 572 pp" type="book" year="1951">Hyman 1951</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B40EFFBAFD85FE8C25B0FED8" author="Faubel" box="[583,730,324,350]" pageId="10" pageNumber="18" refString="Faubel, A. (1983) The Polycladida, Turbellaria. Proposal and establishment of a new system. Part I. The Acotylea. Mitteilungen des hamburgischen zoologischen Museums und Instituts, 80, 17 - 121." type="journal article" year="1983">Faubel 1983</bibRefCitation>
, 1984,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B40EFFBAFCEDFE8C24BDFED8" author="Prudhoe" box="[815,983,324,350]" pageId="10" pageNumber="19" refString="Prudhoe, S. (1985) A Monograph on Polyclad Turbellaria. Oxford University Press: Oxford." type="book" year="1985">Prudhoe 1985</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B40EFFBAFD85FE8C25B0FED8" author="Faubel, A." box="[583,730,324,350]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="17 - 121" refId="ref6331" refString="Faubel, A. (1983) The Polycladida, Turbellaria. Proposal and establishment of a new system. Part I. The Acotylea. Mitteilungen des hamburgischen zoologischen Museums und Instituts, 80, 17 - 121." type="journal article" year="1983">Faubel 1983</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B40EFFBAFD24FE8C2449FED8" author="Faubel, A." box="[742,803,324,350]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="189" refId="ref6371" refString="Faubel, A. (1984 a) The Polycladida, Turbellaria. Proposal and establishment of a new system. Part II. The Cotylea. Mitteilungen des hamburgischen zoologischen Museums und Instituts, 81, 189 - 259." type="journal article" year="1984">1984</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B40EFFBAFCEDFE8C24BDFED8" author="Prudhoe, S." box="[815,983,324,350]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" refId="ref6961" refString="Prudhoe, S. (1985) A Monograph on Polyclad Turbellaria. Oxford University Press: Oxford." type="book" year="1985">Prudhoe 1985</bibRefCitation>
). Similarly, the presence of a Langs vesicle and nuchal tentacles in
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B40EFFBAFD0FFEA424BFFE03" box="[717,981,364,389]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Anocellidae" genus="Anocellidus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="profundus">
<emphasis id="B9265746B40EFFBAFD0FFEA424BFFE03" box="[717,981,364,389]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Anocellidus profundus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
clearly places this species in the Acotylea.
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF2DDBDCB40EFFBAFECAFE2B226DFD98" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<caption id="DF2DDBDCB40EFFBAFECAFE2B226DFD98" ID-Table-UUID="DF2DDBDCB40EFFBAFECAFE2B226DFD98" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF2DDBDCB40EFFBAFECAFE2B226DFD98" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" startId="10.[264,352,483,507]" targetBox="[269,1310,574,977]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="10">
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B40EFFBAFECAFE2B226DFD98" blockId="10.[264,1322,483,542]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="B9265746B40EFFBAFECAFE2B26EAFE7D" bold="true" box="[264,384,483,507]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
Comparison of morphological features of species in the genus
@ -543,115 +570,140 @@ Comparison of morphological features of species in the genus
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B40EFFBAFECFFDF623B3FDD3" blockId="10.[269,1310,574,821]" box="[269,1241,574,597]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Species Pharynx Eyes Tentacles</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B40EFFBAFECFFDA22274FD25" blockId="10.[269,1310,574,821]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B40EFFBAFECFFDF623D5FC2B" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<table id="F95279F4B40E004FFECFFDF62274FC57" box="[269,1310,574,977]" gridcols="4" gridrows="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<tr id="35628916B40E004FFECFFDF62274FDD3" box="[269,1310,574,597]" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<th id="76B3E06AB40E004FFECFFDF626E1FDD3" box="[269,395,574,597]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Species</th>
<th id="76B3E06AB40E004FFE28FDF62584FDD3" box="[490,750,574,597]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Pharynx</th>
<th id="76B3E06AB40E004FFCCCFDF624B8FDD3" box="[782,978,574,597]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Eyes</th>
<th id="76B3E06AB40E004FFBB1FDF62274FDD3" box="[1139,1310,574,597]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Tentacles</th>
</tr>
<tr id="35628916B40E004FFECFFDA12274FD25" box="[269,1310,617,675]" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<th id="76B3E06AB40E004FFECFFDA126E1FD25" box="[269,395,617,675]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B40EFFBAFECFFDA226E1FD07" box="[269,395,618,641]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Anocellidae" genus="Anocellidus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9265746B40EFFBAFECFFDA226E1FD07" box="[269,395,618,641]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Anocellidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Anterior with 4­5 folds Absent Long, pointed
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B40EFFBAFECFFD442612FD25" box="[269,376,652,675]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Anocellidae" genus="Anocellidus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="profundus">
<emphasis id="B9265746B40EFFBAFECFFD442612FD25" box="[269,376,652,675]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">profundus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
nuchal tentacles
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B40EFFBAFECFFD7F2346FCB3" blockId="10.[269,1310,574,821]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B40EFFBAFECFFD7F2533FD4B" authority="Numerous" authorityName="Numerous" box="[269,601,694,718]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euplanidae" genus="Aprostatum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
</th>
<td id="76B3E06AB40E004FFE28FDA12584FD25" box="[490,750,617,675]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Anterior with 4­5 folds</td>
<td id="76B3E06AB40E004FFCCCFDA124B8FD25" box="[782,978,617,675]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Absent</td>
<td id="76B3E06AB40E004FFBB1FDA12274FD25" box="[1139,1310,617,675]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Long, pointed nuchal tentacles</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35628916B40E004FFECFFD7E2274FCB3" box="[269,1310,694,821]" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<th id="76B3E06AB40E004FFECFFD7E26E1FCB3" box="[269,395,694,821]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="B9265746B40EFFBAFECFFD7F26E3FD48" box="[269,393,695,718]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Aprostatum</emphasis>
Numerous
</taxonomicName>
folds Marginal eyes in irregular rows Absent
<emphasis id="B9265746B40EFFBAFECFFD1226EBFD77" box="[269,385,730,753]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B40EFFBAFECFFD12261CFD77" box="[269,374,730,753]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euplanidae" genus="Aprostatum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="stiliferum">stiliferum</taxonomicName>
*
</emphasis>
surrounding entire body; numerous small eyes in fanshape over cephalic region
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B40EFFBAFECFFC822612FB9E" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<table id="F95279F4B40E004FFECAFC812274FB9E" box="[264,1310,841,1048]" gridcols="3" gridrows="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<tr id="35628916B40E004FFECAFC812274FC05" box="[264,1310,841,899]" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<th id="76B3E06AB40E004FFECAFC8126E3FC05" box="[264,393,841,899]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B40EFFBAFECFFC8226E8FC05" box="[269,393,842,899]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euplanidae" genus="Aprostatum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="clippertoni">
<emphasis id="B9265746B40EFFBAFECFFC8226E8FC05" box="[269,393,842,899]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Aprostatum clippertoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="76B3E06AB40E004FFE28FC8124B8FC05" box="[490,978,841,899]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
Small, with small lateral As in
<td id="76B3E06AB40E004FFE28FD7E2584FCB3" box="[490,750,694,821]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B40EFFBAFE28FD7E2533FD4B" authority="Numerous" authorityName="Numerous" box="[490,601,694,717]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euplanidae" genus="Aprostatum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">Numerous</taxonomicName>
folds
</td>
<td id="76B3E06AB40E004FFCCCFD7E2274FCB3" box="[782,1310,694,821]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Marginal eyes in irregular rows Absent surrounding entire body; numerous small eyes in fanshape over cephalic region</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35628916B40E004FFECFFC812274FC05" box="[269,1310,841,899]" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<th id="76B3E06AB40E004FFECFFC8126E1FC05" box="[269,395,841,899]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Aprostatum clippertoni</th>
<td id="76B3E06AB40E004FFE28FC812584FC05" box="[490,750,841,899]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Small, with small lateral folds</td>
<td id="76B3E06AB40E004FFCCCFC8124B8FC05" box="[782,978,841,899]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
As in
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B40EFFBAFC8CFC8224B8FCE7" box="[846,978,842,865]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euplanidae" genus="Aprostatum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="stiliferum">
<emphasis id="B9265746B40EFFBAFC8CFC8224B8FCE7" box="[846,978,842,865]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">A. stiliferum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
folds
</th>
<th id="76B3E06AB40E004FFBB1FC812274FC05" box="[1139,1310,841,899]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Absent</th>
</tr>
<tr id="35628916B40E004FFECAFC5E2274FC57" box="[264,1310,918,977]" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<th id="76B3E06AB40E004FFECAFC5E26E3FC57" box="[264,393,918,977]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B40EFFBAFECFFC5F2616FC57" box="[269,393,919,977]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euplanidae" genus="Aprostatum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="longipenis">
<emphasis id="B9265746B40EFFBAFECFFC5F2616FC57" box="[269,393,919,977]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Aprostatum longipenis</emphasis>
</td>
<td id="76B3E06AB40E004FFBB1FC812274FC05" box="[1139,1310,841,899]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B40EFFBAFBB6FC8123AAFCE6" box="[1140,1216,841,864]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euplanidae" genus="Aprostatum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="clippertoni">
<emphasis id="B9265746B40EFFBAFBB6FC8123AAFCE6" box="[1140,1216,841,864]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Absent</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="76B3E06AB40E004FFE28FC5E24B8FC57" box="[490,978,918,977]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Morphologically uniform Present</td>
<td id="76B3E06AB40E004FFBB1FC5E2274FC57" box="[1139,1310,918,977]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Absent</td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35628916B40E004FFECAFBC92274FB9E" box="[264,1310,1025,1048]" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1">
<th id="76B3E06AB40E004FFECAFBC926E3FB9E" box="[264,393,1025,1048]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">continued.</th>
<tr id="35628916B40E004FFECFFC5E2274FC57" box="[269,1310,918,977]" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<th id="76B3E06AB40E004FFECFFC5E26E1FC57" box="[269,395,918,977]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Aprostatum longipenis</th>
<td id="76B3E06AB40E004FFE28FC5E24B8FC57" box="[490,978,918,977]" colspan="2" colspanRight="1" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Morphologically uniform Present</td>
<td id="76B3E06AB40E004FFBB1FC5E2274FC57" box="[1139,1310,918,977]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B40EFFBAFBB1FC5E23D5FC2B" box="[1139,1215,918,941]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euplanidae" genus="Aprostatum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="longipenis">
<emphasis id="B9265746B40EFFBAFBB1FC5E23D5FC2B" box="[1139,1215,918,941]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Absent</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B40EFFBAFECFFBF12263FBD6" blockId="10.[269,1289,1081,1139]" box="[269,1289,1081,1104]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Species Ventral Spermiducal Seminal Penis stylet Langs vesicle</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B40EFFBAFE00FB94241FFBF5" blockId="10.[269,1289,1081,1139]" box="[450,885,1116,1139]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">sensory organ bulbs vesicle</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B40EFFBAFECFFB4F2361FA4D" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<table id="F95279F4B40E004FFECFFB4E2263FA4D" box="[269,1289,1158,1483]" gridcols="4" gridrows="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<tr id="35628916B40E004FFECFFB4E2263FB65" box="[269,1289,1158,1251]" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<th id="76B3E06AB40E004FFECFFB4E26E1FB65" box="[269,395,1158,1251]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B40EFFBAFECFFB4F2612FB46" box="[269,395,1159,1216]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Anocellidae" genus="Anocellidus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="profundus">
<emphasis id="B9265746B40EFFBAFECFFB4F2612FB46" box="[269,395,1159,1216]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Anocellidus profundus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="76B3E06AB40E004FFE00FB4E2552FB65" box="[450,568,1158,1251]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Anterior to cerebral ganglion</th>
<th id="76B3E06AB40E004FFDA9FB4E241DFB65" box="[619,887,1158,1251]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Present without vasa deferentia Absent</th>
<th id="76B3E06AB40E004FFC79FB4E2263FB65" box="[955,1289,1158,1251]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Long pointed directed Large, oval backwards</th>
<caption id="DF2DDBDCB40EFFBAFECAFBC92612FB9E" box="[264,376,1025,1048]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" startId="10.[264,372,1025,1048]">
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B40EFFBAFECAFBC92612FB9E" blockId="10.[264,376,1025,1048]" box="[264,376,1025,1048]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">continued.</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B40EFFBAFECFFBF123C7FA2E" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<table id="F95279F4B40E004FFECFFBF12263FA4D" box="[269,1289,1081,1483]" gridcols="6" gridrows="5" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<tr id="35628916B40E004FFECFFBF12263FBF5" box="[269,1289,1081,1139]" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<th id="76B3E06AB40E004FFECFFBF126E1FBF5" box="[269,395,1081,1139]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Species</th>
<th id="76B3E06AB40E004FFE00FBF1253CFBF5" box="[450,598,1081,1139]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Ventral sensory organ</th>
<th id="76B3E06AB40E004FFDA9FBF1247BFBF5" box="[619,785,1081,1139]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Spermiducal bulbs</th>
<th id="76B3E06AB40E004FFCE9FBF124E8FBF5" box="[811,898,1081,1139]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Seminal vesicle</th>
<th id="76B3E06AB40E004FFC79FBF12320FBF5" box="[955,1098,1081,1139]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Penis stylet</th>
<th id="76B3E06AB40E004FFBADFBF12263FBF5" box="[1135,1289,1081,1139]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Langs vesicle</th>
</tr>
<tr id="35628916B40E004FFECFFB3E2263FAB6" box="[269,1289,1270,1328]" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<th id="76B3E06AB40E004FFECFFB3E26E1FAB6" box="[269,395,1270,1328]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<emphasis id="B9265746B40EFFBAFECFFB3F26EBFAB6" box="[269,393,1271,1328]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B40EFFBAFECFFB3F261CFAB6" box="[269,393,1271,1328]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euplanidae" genus="Aprostatum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="stiliferum">Aprostatum stiliferum</taxonomicName>
*
</emphasis>
</th>
<td id="76B3E06AB40E004FFE00FB3E2552FAB6" box="[450,568,1270,1328]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Absent</td>
<td id="76B3E06AB40E004FFDA9FB3E241DFAB6" box="[619,887,1270,1328]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Present Absent</td>
<td id="76B3E06AB40E004FFC79FB3E2263FAB6" box="[955,1289,1270,1328]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Tubular, Large pointed</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35628916B40E004FFECFFA8C2263FAF8" box="[269,1289,1348,1406]" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<th id="76B3E06AB40E004FFECFFA8C26E1FAF8" box="[269,395,1348,1406]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B40EFFBAFECFFA8C26E8FAF8" box="[269,393,1348,1406]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euplanidae" genus="Aprostatum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="clippertoni">
<emphasis id="B9265746B40EFFBAFECFFA8C26E8FAF8" box="[269,393,1348,1406]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Aprostatum clippertoni</emphasis>
<tr id="35628916B40E004FFECFFB4E2263FB65" box="[269,1289,1158,1251]" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<th id="76B3E06AB40E004FFECFFB4E26E1FB65" box="[269,395,1158,1251]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Anocellidus profundus</th>
<td id="76B3E06AB40E004FFE00FB4E253CFB65" box="[450,598,1158,1251]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Anterior to cerebral ganglion</td>
<td id="76B3E06AB40E004FFDA9FB4E247BFB65" box="[619,785,1158,1251]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Present without vasa deferentia</td>
<td id="76B3E06AB40E004FFCE9FB4E24E8FB65" box="[811,898,1158,1251]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Absent</td>
<td id="76B3E06AB40E004FFC79FB4E2320FB65" box="[955,1098,1158,1251]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B40EFFBAFC79FB4E2320FB1B" box="[955,1098,1158,1181]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Anocellidae" genus="Anocellidus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="profundus">
<emphasis id="B9265746B40EFFBAFC79FB4E2320FB1B" box="[955,1098,1158,1181]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Long pointed</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="76B3E06AB40E004FFE00FA8C2552FAF8" box="[450,568,1348,1406]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Absent</td>
<td id="76B3E06AB40E004FFDA9FA8C241DFAF8" box="[619,887,1348,1406]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Absent Absent</td>
<td id="76B3E06AB40E004FFC79FA8C2263FAF8" box="[955,1289,1348,1406]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Thin, short Small</td>
directed backwards
</td>
<td id="76B3E06AB40E004FFBADFB4E2263FB65" box="[1135,1289,1158,1251]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Large, oval</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35628916B40E004FFECFFA592263FA4D" box="[269,1289,1425,1483]" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<th id="76B3E06AB40E004FFECFFA5926E1FA4D" box="[269,395,1425,1483]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B40EFFBAFECFFA592616FA4D" box="[269,393,1425,1483]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euplanidae" genus="Aprostatum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="longipenis">
<emphasis id="B9265746B40EFFBAFECFFA592616FA4D" box="[269,393,1425,1483]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Aprostatum longipenis</emphasis>
<tr id="35628916B40E004FFECFFB3E2263FAB6" box="[269,1289,1270,1328]" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<th id="76B3E06AB40E004FFECFFB3E26E1FAB6" box="[269,395,1270,1328]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Aprostatum stiliferum*</th>
<td id="76B3E06AB40E004FFE00FB3E253CFAB6" box="[450,598,1270,1328]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Absent</td>
<td id="76B3E06AB40E004FFDA9FB3E247BFAB6" box="[619,785,1270,1328]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Present</td>
<td id="76B3E06AB40E004FFCE9FB3E24E8FAB6" box="[811,898,1270,1328]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Absent</td>
<td id="76B3E06AB40E004FFC79FB3E2320FAB6" box="[955,1098,1270,1328]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Tubular, pointed</td>
<td id="76B3E06AB40E004FFBADFB3E2263FAB6" box="[1135,1289,1270,1328]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B40EFFBAFBADFB3E23C7FA8B" box="[1135,1197,1270,1293]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euplanidae" genus="Aprostatum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="stiliferum">
<emphasis id="B9265746B40EFFBAFBADFB3E23C7FA8B" box="[1135,1197,1270,1293]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Large</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<td id="76B3E06AB40E004FFE00FA592552FA4D" box="[450,568,1425,1483]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Absent</td>
<td id="76B3E06AB40E004FFDA9FA59241DFA4D" box="[619,887,1425,1483]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Present Absent</td>
<td id="76B3E06AB40E004FFC79FA592263FA4D" box="[955,1289,1425,1483]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Tubular, Large pointed</td>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35628916B40E004FFECFFA8C2263FAF8" box="[269,1289,1348,1406]" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<th id="76B3E06AB40E004FFECFFA8C26E1FAF8" box="[269,395,1348,1406]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Aprostatum clippertoni</th>
<td id="76B3E06AB40E004FFE00FA8C253CFAF8" box="[450,598,1348,1406]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Absent</td>
<td id="76B3E06AB40E004FFDA9FA8C247BFAF8" box="[619,785,1348,1406]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Absent</td>
<td id="76B3E06AB40E004FFCE9FA8C24E8FAF8" box="[811,898,1348,1406]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Absent</td>
<td id="76B3E06AB40E004FFC79FA8C2320FAF8" box="[955,1098,1348,1406]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Thin, short</td>
<td id="76B3E06AB40E004FFBADFA8C2263FAF8" box="[1135,1289,1348,1406]" gridcol="5" gridrow="3" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B40EFFBAFBADFA8C23C7FADD" box="[1135,1197,1348,1371]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euplanidae" genus="Aprostatum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="clippertoni">
<emphasis id="B9265746B40EFFBAFBADFA8C23C7FADD" box="[1135,1197,1348,1371]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Small</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35628916B40E004FFECFFA592263FA4D" box="[269,1289,1425,1483]" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<th id="76B3E06AB40E004FFECFFA5926E1FA4D" box="[269,395,1425,1483]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Aprostatum longipenis</th>
<td id="76B3E06AB40E004FFE00FA59253CFA4D" box="[450,598,1425,1483]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Absent</td>
<td id="76B3E06AB40E004FFDA9FA59247BFA4D" box="[619,785,1425,1483]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Present</td>
<td id="76B3E06AB40E004FFCE9FA5924E8FA4D" box="[811,898,1425,1483]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Absent</td>
<td id="76B3E06AB40E004FFC79FA592320FA4D" box="[955,1098,1425,1483]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Tubular, pointed</td>
<td id="76B3E06AB40E004FFBADFA592263FA4D" box="[1135,1289,1425,1483]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B40EFFBAFBADFA5923C7FA2E" box="[1135,1197,1425,1448]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euplanidae" genus="Aprostatum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="longipenis">
<emphasis id="B9265746B40EFFBAFBADFA5923C7FA2E" box="[1135,1197,1425,1448]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Large</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B40EFFBAFECAFA3C23C6F9F5" blockId="10.[264,1323,1524,1651]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
<tableNote id="76B48ADAB40EFFBAFECAFA3C23C6F9F5" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" targetBox="[269,1289,1081,1483]" targetPageId="10">
<emphasis id="B9265746B40EFFBAFECAFA3C267FF98D" box="[264,277,1524,1547]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">*</emphasis>
The status of the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B40EFFBAFDEEFA3C25C2F98D" box="[556,680,1524,1547]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euplanidae" genus="Aprostatum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9265746B40EFFBAFDEEFA3C25C2F98D" box="[556,680,1524,1547]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Aprostatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
needs re­evaluation.
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B40EFFBAFC59FA3C234DF98D" author="Bock" box="[923,1063,1524,1547]" pageId="10" pageNumber="17" refString="Bock, S. (1913) Studien uber Polycladen. Zoologiska Bidrag fran Uppsala 2, 29 - 344." type="journal article" year="1913">Bock (1913)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B40EFFBAFC59FA3C234DF98D" author="Bock, S." box="[923,1063,1524,1547]" journalOrPublisher="Zoologiska Bidrag fran Uppsala" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="29 - 344" part="2" refId="ref6118" refString="Bock, S. (1913) Studien uber Polycladen. Zoologiska Bidrag fran Uppsala 2, 29 - 344." title="Studien uber Polycladen" type="journal article" year="1913">Bock (1913)</bibRefCitation>
designated
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B40EFFBAFB6DFA3C2604F9A8" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euplanidae" genus="Aprostatum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="stiliferum">
<emphasis id="B9265746B40EFFBAFB6DFA3C2604F9A8" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Aprostatum stiliferum</emphasis>
@ -664,10 +716,11 @@ showed the presence of both a seminal vesicle and a prostatic organ in
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B40EFFBAFCBEF99423C2F9F5" authority="Marcus 1954" authorityName="Marcus" authorityYear="1954" box="[892,1192,1628,1651]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euplanidae" genus="Aprostatum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="stiliferum">
<emphasis id="B9265746B40EFFBAFCBEF994236AF9F5" box="[892,1024,1628,1651]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">A. stiliferum</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B40EFFBAFBCCF99423F5F9F5" author="Marcus" box="[1038,1183,1628,1651]" pageId="10" pageNumber="18" refString="Marcus, E. (1954) Reports of the Lund University Chile Expedition 1948 - 49. 11. Turbellaria. Lunds Universitets Arsskrift. N. F. 49 (13), 1 - 115." type="journal article" year="1954">Marcus 1954</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B40EFFBAFBCCF99423F5F9F5" author="Marcus, E." box="[1038,1183,1628,1651]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 115" refId="ref6638" refString="Marcus, E. (1954) Reports of the Lund University Chile Expedition 1948 - 49. 11. Turbellaria. Lunds Universitets Arsskrift. N. F. 49 (13), 1 - 115." type="journal article" year="1954">Marcus 1954</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</tableNote>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B40EFFBBFEFAF9692494FED8" blockId="10.[264,1323,1697,1883]" lastBlockId="11.[264,1323,284,350]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="12" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
Three noteworthy characteristics of this putative sensory organ of

View file

@ -1,120 +0,0 @@
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<mods:title id="AD6D50AF98AF4F673B3AAF20B5DBEB4F">First description of deep­sea polyclad flatworms from the North Pacific: Anocellidus n. gen. profundus n. sp. (Anocellidae, n. fam.) and Oligocladus voightae n. sp. (Euryleptidae)</mods:title>
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Family:
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B406FFB2FEB3FC6C2569FC38" ID-CoL="7NFXJ" box="[369,515,932,958]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Anocellidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Anocellidae</taxonomicName>
n. fam.
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<emphasis id="B9265746B406FFB2FECAFC272615FB8E" box="[264,383,1007,1032]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Definition</emphasis>
: Ilyplanoidea without eyes. Ruffled pharynx located anteriorly; long, pointed tentacles present. Gonopores separate and male copulatory apparatus positioned posterior to male pore, hence directed forwards; armed with a long and pointed stylet directed backwards. Prostatic­like glands (prostatoid organs,
<emphasis id="B9265746B406FFB2FC7FFBAF2494FB06" box="[957,1022,1127,1152]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B406FFB2FBD4FBAF23D3FB07" author="Faubel" box="[1046,1209,1127,1153]" pageId="2" pageNumber="18" refString="Faubel, A. (1983) The Polycladida, Turbellaria. Proposal and establishment of a new system. Part I. The Acotylea. Mitteilungen des hamburgischen zoologischen Museums und Instituts, 80, 17 - 121." type="journal article" year="1983">Faubel 1983</bibRefCitation>
) absent. Spermiducal bulbs present instead of a true seminal vesicle. Female apparatus with Langs vesicle. A ventral disk of potentially sensory function, positioned anterior to the cerebral ganglion; this organ is not homologous with the cotylean sucker.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B406FFB2FEFAFACF2477F937" blockId="2.[264,1323,1007,1873]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B9265746B406FFB2FEFAFACF24EAFAA6" box="[312,896,1287,1312]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Taxonomic remarks regarding the new family:</emphasis>
According to
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B406FFB2FB80FACF2398FAA7" author="Faubel" box="[1090,1266,1287,1313]" pageId="2" pageNumber="18" refString="Faubel, A. (1983) The Polycladida, Turbellaria. Proposal and establishment of a new system. Part I. The Acotylea. Mitteilungen des hamburgischen zoologischen Museums und Instituts, 80, 17 - 121." type="journal article" year="1983">Faubel (1983)</bibRefCitation>
, the absence of a true prostatic vesicle is the taxonomic character defining the superfamily Ilyplanoidea which includes the families
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B406FFB2FCC6FA9F237CFAF7" authority="Graff 1889" authorityName="Graff" authorityYear="1889" box="[772,1046,1367,1393]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Enantiidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Enantiidae Graff 1889</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B406FFB2FBE5FA9F262FFA1F" authority="Laidlaw 1903" authorityName="Laidlaw" authorityYear="1903" class="Rhabditophora" family="Discocelidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Discocelidae Laidlaw 1903</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B406FFB2FE97FAB72544FA1F" box="[341,558,1407,1433]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Discoprosthididae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Discoprosthididae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B406FFB2FDFEFAB725A9FA1F" box="[572,707,1407,1433]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euplanidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Euplanidae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B406FFB2FD10FAB72433FA1F" box="[722,857,1407,1433]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Ilyplanidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Ilyplanidae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B406FFB2FCABFAB72370FA1F" box="[873,1050,1407,1433]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Mucroplanidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Mucroplanidae</taxonomicName>
and Paluidae (the last five all by
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B406FFB2FE44FA6F2577FA47" author="Faubel" box="[390,541,1447,1473]" pageId="2" pageNumber="18" refString="Faubel, A. (1983) The Polycladida, Turbellaria. Proposal and establishment of a new system. Part I. The Acotylea. Mitteilungen des hamburgischen zoologischen Museums und Instituts, 80, 17 - 121." type="journal article" year="1983">Faubel 1983</bibRefCitation>
). The ruffled pharynx and a male tract without a trace of prostaticlike glands or a prostatic vesicle would place this new species into the genus
<emphasis id="B9265746B406FFB2FB5EFA072241FA6E" box="[1180,1323,1487,1512]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B406FFB2FB5EFA07224DFA6E" box="[1180,1319,1487,1512]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euplanidae" genus="Aprostatum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">Aprostatum</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
within the
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B406FFB2FE4EFA3F257EF997" box="[396,532,1527,1553]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euplanidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Euplanidae</taxonomicName>
. This family is defined by a ruffled, centrally located pharynx, a posteriorly­dircted male copulatory apparatus, separate gonopores, and a complete lack of prostatic­like glands (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B406FFB2FDCAF98F25C8F9E7" author="Faubel" box="[520,674,1607,1633]" pageId="2" pageNumber="18" refString="Faubel, A. (1983) The Polycladida, Turbellaria. Proposal and establishment of a new system. Part I. The Acotylea. Mitteilungen des hamburgischen zoologischen Museums und Instituts, 80, 17 - 121." type="journal article" year="1983">Faubel 1983</bibRefCitation>
). Although these characters conform to those found in our new species, an additional character found in our specimens warrants the establishment of the new family
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B406FFB2FD45F95F2473F937" box="[647,793,1687,1713]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Anocellidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Anocellidae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B406FFB3FEFAF977258FFDC8" blockId="2.[264,1323,1007,1873]" lastBlockId="3.[264,1323,284,590]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
The defining character of the
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B406FFB2FD69F9772453F95F" box="[683,825,1727,1753]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Anocellidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Anocellidae</taxonomicName>
is that the male copulatory apparatus is located posterior to the male gonopore and is directed anteriorly. This is exactly opposite of the condition found in the
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B406FFB2FDAEF8C72599F8AF" box="[620,755,1807,1833]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euplanidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Euplanidae</taxonomicName>
, where the male copulatory complex is located anterior to the male gonopore and directed posteriorly (
<tableCitation id="C6D0BEEFB406FFB2FC5BF8FF2498F8D7" box="[921,1010,1847,1873]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[264,352,643,667]" captionTargetBox="[269,1296,734,1264]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 1. Comparison of morphological features of the new family Anocellidae with Euplanidae and Cestoplanidae." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF2DDBDCB407FFB3FECAFD4B26BEFD3B" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" tableUuid="DF2DDBDCB407FFB3FECAFD4B26BEFD3B">Table 1</tableCitation>
). Using a single character as a basis for a new family without a complete reanalysis of acotylean classification may appear precipitous, however, “orientation of male copulatory apparatus” weighs heavily in the classification system of acotyleans and has previously been used in defining families (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B407FFB3FED2FE5C26DAFE28" author="Faubel" box="[272,432,404,430]" pageId="3" pageNumber="18" refString="Faubel, A. (1983) The Polycladida, Turbellaria. Proposal and establishment of a new system. Part I. The Acotylea. Mitteilungen des hamburgischen zoologischen Museums und Instituts, 80, 17 - 121." type="journal article" year="1983">Faubel 1983</bibRefCitation>
). In fact,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B407FFB3FDFAFE5C25B8FE28" author="Lang" box="[568,722,404,430]" pageId="3" pageNumber="18" refString="Lang, A. (1884) Die Polycladen (Seeplanarien) des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeresabschnitte. Eine Monographie. Fauna und Flora des Golfes von Neapel 11. ix + 688 pp. Leipzig." type="book" year="1884">Lang (1884)</bibRefCitation>
used it as the main character to establish the
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B407FFB3FECAFE7426DBFE50" box="[264,433,444,470]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Cestoplanidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Cestoplanidae</taxonomicName>
, a group in which the male copulatory apparatus is located posterior to the male gonopore and is directed anteriorly. Other morphological differences however eliminate placement of the new species in the
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B407FFB3FCEEFDC424B8FDA0" box="[812,978,524,550]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Cestoplanidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Cestoplanidae</taxonomicName>
(
<tableCitation id="C6D0BEEFB407FFB3FC20FDC42350FDA0" box="[994,1082,524,550]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[264,352,643,667]" captionTargetBox="[269,1296,734,1264]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 1. Comparison of morphological features of the new family Anocellidae with Euplanidae and Cestoplanidae." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF2DDBDCB407FFB3FECAFD4B26BEFD3B" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" tableUuid="DF2DDBDCB407FFB3FECAFD4B26BEFD3B">Table 1</tableCitation>
), thus justifying the establishment of the family
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B407FFB3FD8DFDFC258BFDC8" box="[591,737,564,590]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Anocellidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Anocellidae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,287 @@
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<mods:title id="6005F782A900B71DE4CA527E8851F638">First description of deep­sea polyclad flatworms from the North Pacific: Anocellidus n. gen. profundus n. sp. (Anocellidae, n. fam.) and Oligocladus voightae n. sp. (Euryleptidae)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="03FB3A42B406FFB4FECAFC6C2240FDA0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5689588" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119349458" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5689588" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FB3A42B406FFB4FECAFC6C2240FDA0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FB3A42B406FFB4FECAFC6C2240FDA0" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<subSubSection id="C348D8DFB406FFB2FECAFC6C250BFC38" box="[264,609,932,958]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B406FFB2FECAFC6C250BFC38" blockId="2.[264,609,932,958]" box="[264,609,932,958]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<heading id="D0A53C38B406FFB2FECAFC6C250BFC38" bold="true" box="[264,609,932,958]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B9265746B406FFB2FECAFC6C250BFC38" bold="true" box="[264,609,932,958]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
Family:
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B406FFB2FEB3FC6C2569FC38" ID-CoL="7NFXJ" authorityName="Quiroga, Bolaños &amp; Litvaitis" authorityYear="2006" box="[369,515,932,958]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Anocellidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Anocellidae</taxonomicName>
n. fam.
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C348D8DFB406FFB2FECAFC272494FB7F" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B406FFB2FECAFC272494FB7F" blockId="2.[264,1323,1007,1873]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B9265746B406FFB2FECAFC272615FB8E" box="[264,383,1007,1032]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Definition</emphasis>
: Ilyplanoidea without eyes. Ruffled pharynx located anteriorly; long, pointed tentacles present. Gonopores separate and male copulatory apparatus positioned posterior to male pore, hence directed forwards; armed with a long and pointed stylet directed backwards. Prostatic­like glands (prostatoid organs,
<emphasis id="B9265746B406FFB2FC7FFBAF2494FB06" box="[957,1022,1127,1152]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B406FFB2FBD4FBAF23D3FB07" author="Faubel, A." box="[1046,1209,1127,1153]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="17 - 121" refId="ref6331" refString="Faubel, A. (1983) The Polycladida, Turbellaria. Proposal and establishment of a new system. Part I. The Acotylea. Mitteilungen des hamburgischen zoologischen Museums und Instituts, 80, 17 - 121." type="journal article" year="1983">Faubel 1983</bibRefCitation>
) absent. Spermiducal bulbs present instead of a true seminal vesicle. Female apparatus with Langs vesicle. A ventral disk of potentially sensory function, positioned anterior to the cerebral ganglion; this organ is not homologous with the cotylean sucker.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C348D8DFB406FFB3FEFAFACF258FFDC8" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B406FFB2FEFAFACF2477F937" blockId="2.[264,1323,1007,1873]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<emphasis id="B9265746B406FFB2FEFAFACF24EAFAA6" box="[312,896,1287,1312]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Taxonomic remarks regarding the new family:</emphasis>
According to
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B406FFB2FB80FACF2398FAA7" author="Faubel, A." box="[1090,1266,1287,1313]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="17 - 121" refId="ref6331" refString="Faubel, A. (1983) The Polycladida, Turbellaria. Proposal and establishment of a new system. Part I. The Acotylea. Mitteilungen des hamburgischen zoologischen Museums und Instituts, 80, 17 - 121." type="journal article" year="1983">Faubel (1983)</bibRefCitation>
, the absence of a true prostatic vesicle is the taxonomic character defining the superfamily Ilyplanoidea which includes the families
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B406FFB2FCC6FA9F237CFAF7" authority="Graff 1889" authorityName="Graff" authorityYear="1889" box="[772,1046,1367,1393]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Enantiidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Enantiidae Graff 1889</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B406FFB2FBE5FA9F262FFA1F" authority="Laidlaw 1903" authorityName="Laidlaw" authorityYear="1903" class="Rhabditophora" family="Discocelidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Discocelidae Laidlaw 1903</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B406FFB2FE97FAB72544FA1F" box="[341,558,1407,1433]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Discoprosthididae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Discoprosthididae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B406FFB2FDFEFAB725A9FA1F" box="[572,707,1407,1433]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euplanidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Euplanidae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B406FFB2FD10FAB72433FA1F" box="[722,857,1407,1433]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Ilyplanidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Ilyplanidae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B406FFB2FCABFAB72370FA1F" box="[873,1050,1407,1433]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Mucroplanidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Mucroplanidae</taxonomicName>
and Paluidae (the last five all by
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B406FFB2FE44FA6F2577FA47" author="Faubel, A." box="[390,541,1447,1473]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="17 - 121" refId="ref6331" refString="Faubel, A. (1983) The Polycladida, Turbellaria. Proposal and establishment of a new system. Part I. The Acotylea. Mitteilungen des hamburgischen zoologischen Museums und Instituts, 80, 17 - 121." type="journal article" year="1983">Faubel 1983</bibRefCitation>
). The ruffled pharynx and a male tract without a trace of prostaticlike glands or a prostatic vesicle would place this new species into the genus
<emphasis id="B9265746B406FFB2FB5EFA072241FA6E" box="[1180,1323,1487,1512]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B406FFB2FB5EFA07224DFA6E" box="[1180,1319,1487,1512]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euplanidae" genus="Aprostatum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">Aprostatum</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
within the
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B406FFB2FE4EFA3F257EF997" box="[396,532,1527,1553]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euplanidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Euplanidae</taxonomicName>
. This family is defined by a ruffled, centrally located pharynx, a posteriorly­dircted male copulatory apparatus, separate gonopores, and a complete lack of prostatic­like glands (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B406FFB2FDCAF98F25C8F9E7" author="Faubel, A." box="[520,674,1607,1633]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="17 - 121" refId="ref6331" refString="Faubel, A. (1983) The Polycladida, Turbellaria. Proposal and establishment of a new system. Part I. The Acotylea. Mitteilungen des hamburgischen zoologischen Museums und Instituts, 80, 17 - 121." type="journal article" year="1983">Faubel 1983</bibRefCitation>
). Although these characters conform to those found in our new species, an additional character found in our specimens warrants the establishment of the new family
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B406FFB2FD45F95F2473F937" box="[647,793,1687,1713]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Anocellidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Anocellidae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B406FFB3FEFAF977258FFDC8" blockId="2.[264,1323,1007,1873]" lastBlockId="3.[264,1323,284,590]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
The defining character of the
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B406FFB2FD69F9772453F95F" box="[683,825,1727,1753]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Anocellidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Anocellidae</taxonomicName>
is that the male copulatory apparatus is located posterior to the male gonopore and is directed anteriorly. This is exactly opposite of the condition found in the
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B406FFB2FDAEF8C72599F8AF" box="[620,755,1807,1833]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euplanidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Euplanidae</taxonomicName>
, where the male copulatory complex is located anterior to the male gonopore and directed posteriorly (
<tableCitation id="C6D0BEEFB406FFB2FC5BF8FF2498F8D7" box="[921,1010,1847,1873]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[264,352,643,667]" captionTargetBox="[269,1296,734,1264]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 1. Comparison of morphological features of the new family Anocellidae with Euplanidae and Cestoplanidae." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF2DDBDCB407FFB3FECAFD4B26BEFD3B" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" tableUuid="DF2DDBDCB407FFB3FECAFD4B26BEFD3B">Table 1</tableCitation>
). Using a single character as a basis for a new family without a complete reanalysis of acotylean classification may appear precipitous, however, “orientation of male copulatory apparatus” weighs heavily in the classification system of acotyleans and has previously been used in defining families (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B407FFB3FED2FE5C26DAFE28" author="Faubel, A." box="[272,432,404,430]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="17 - 121" refId="ref6331" refString="Faubel, A. (1983) The Polycladida, Turbellaria. Proposal and establishment of a new system. Part I. The Acotylea. Mitteilungen des hamburgischen zoologischen Museums und Instituts, 80, 17 - 121." type="journal article" year="1983">Faubel 1983</bibRefCitation>
). In fact,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B407FFB3FDFAFE5C25B8FE28" author="Lang, A." box="[568,722,404,430]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" refId="ref6567" refString="Lang, A. (1884) Die Polycladen (Seeplanarien) des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeresabschnitte. Eine Monographie. Fauna und Flora des Golfes von Neapel 11. ix + 688 pp. Leipzig." type="book" year="1884">Lang (1884)</bibRefCitation>
used it as the main character to establish the
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B407FFB3FECAFE7426DBFE50" box="[264,433,444,470]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Cestoplanidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Cestoplanidae</taxonomicName>
, a group in which the male copulatory apparatus is located posterior to the male gonopore and is directed anteriorly. Other morphological differences however eliminate placement of the new species in the
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B407FFB3FCEEFDC424B8FDA0" box="[812,978,524,550]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Cestoplanidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Cestoplanidae</taxonomicName>
(
<tableCitation id="C6D0BEEFB407FFB3FC20FDC42350FDA0" box="[994,1082,524,550]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[264,352,643,667]" captionTargetBox="[269,1296,734,1264]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 1. Comparison of morphological features of the new family Anocellidae with Euplanidae and Cestoplanidae." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF2DDBDCB407FFB3FECAFD4B26BEFD3B" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" tableUuid="DF2DDBDCB407FFB3FECAFD4B26BEFD3B">Table 1</tableCitation>
), thus justifying the establishment of the family
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B407FFB3FD8DFDFC258BFDC8" box="[591,737,564,590]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Anocellidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Anocellidae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF2DDBDCB407FFB3FECAFD4B26BEFD3B" ID-Table-UUID="DF2DDBDCB407FFB3FECAFD4B26BEFD3B" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF2DDBDCB407FFB3FECAFD4B26BEFD3B" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" targetBox="[269,1296,734,1264]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B407FFB3FECAFD4B26BEFD3B" blockId="3.[264,1322,643,701]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="B9265746B407FFB3FECAFD4B2616FD1D" bold="true" box="[264,380,643,667]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Comparison of morphological features of the new family
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B407FFB3FC31FD4C231EFD1D" box="[1011,1140,644,667]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Anocellidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Anocellidae</taxonomicName>
with
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B407FFB3FB70FD4C2240FD1D" box="[1202,1322,644,667]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euplanidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Euplanidae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B407FFB3FEF7FD6E26BAFD3B" box="[309,464,678,701]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Cestoplanidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Cestoplanidae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B407FFB3FECFFD162332FB76" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<table id="F95279F4B407004FFECFFD16227AFB76" box="[269,1296,734,1264]" gridcols="4" gridrows="8" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<tr id="35628916B407004FFECFFD16227AFD73" box="[269,1296,734,757]" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<th id="76B3E06AB407004FFECFFD162686FD73" box="[269,492,734,757]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Character</th>
<th id="76B3E06AB407004FFDD0FD1625AEFD73" box="[530,708,734,757]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B407FFB3FDD0FD1625F9FD73" box="[530,659,734,757]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Anocellidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Anocellidae</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="76B3E06AB407004FFD11FD162490FD73" box="[723,1018,734,757]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B407FFB3FD11FD162421FD73" box="[723,843,734,757]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euplanidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Euplanidae</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="76B3E06AB407004FFBCEFD16227AFD73" box="[1036,1296,734,757]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B407FFB3FBCEFD1623C9FD73" box="[1036,1187,734,757]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Cestoplanidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Cestoplanidae</taxonomicName>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="35628916B407004FFECFFCC1227AFCA6" box="[269,1296,777,800]" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<th id="76B3E06AB407004FFECFFCC12686FCA6" box="[269,492,777,800]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Body form</th>
<td id="76B3E06AB407004FFDD0FCC125AEFCA6" box="[530,708,777,800]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Round to oval</td>
<td id="76B3E06AB407004FFD11FCC12490FCA6" box="[723,1018,777,800]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Elongate, oval or cuneate</td>
<td id="76B3E06AB407004FFBCEFCC1227AFCA6" box="[1036,1296,777,800]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Very elongate, slender</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35628916B407004FFECFFCFC227AFCEB" box="[269,1296,820,877]" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<th id="76B3E06AB407004FFECFFCFC2686FCEB" box="[269,492,820,877]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Tentacles</th>
<td id="76B3E06AB407004FFDD0FCFC25AEFCEB" box="[530,708,820,877]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Nuchaltentacles present</td>
<td id="76B3E06AB407004FFD11FCFC2490FCEB" box="[723,1018,820,877]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Absent or rudimentary</td>
<td id="76B3E06AB407004FFBCEFCFC227AFCEB" box="[1036,1296,820,877]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Absent</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35628916B407004FFECFFC49227AFB86" box="[269,1296,897,1024]" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<th id="76B3E06AB407004FFECFFC492686FB86" box="[269,492,897,1024]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Eyes</th>
<td id="76B3E06AB407004FFDD0FC4925AEFB86" box="[530,708,897,1024]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Absent</td>
<td id="76B3E06AB407004FFD11FC492490FB86" box="[723,1018,897,1024]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Well­developedmarginal eyes; tentacular, frontal and cerebral eyes­spots present</td>
<td id="76B3E06AB407004FFBCEFC49227AFB86" box="[1036,1296,897,1024]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Eye­spots scattered over anterior end; definite cerebral and tentacular eyes absent</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35628916B407004FFECFFBDC227AFBAD" box="[269,1296,1044,1067]" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<th id="76B3E06AB407004FFECFFBDC2686FBAD" box="[269,492,1044,1067]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Prostatic vesicle</th>
<td id="76B3E06AB407004FFDD0FBDC25AEFBAD" box="[530,708,1044,1067]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Absent</td>
<td id="76B3E06AB407004FFD11FBDC2490FBAD" box="[723,1018,1044,1067]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Absent</td>
<td id="76B3E06AB407004FFBCEFBDC227AFBAD" box="[1036,1296,1044,1067]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Present, interpolated</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35628916B407004FFECFFBF6227AFBFE" box="[269,1296,1086,1144]" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<th id="76B3E06AB407004FFECFFBF62686FBFE" box="[269,492,1086,1144]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Location of male copulatory complex</th>
<td id="76B3E06AB407004FFDD0FBF625AEFBFE" box="[530,708,1086,1144]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Posterior to male gonopore</td>
<td id="76B3E06AB407004FFD11FBF62490FBFE" box="[723,1018,1086,1144]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Anterior to male gonopore</td>
<td id="76B3E06AB407004FFBCEFBF6227AFBFE" box="[1036,1296,1086,1144]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Posterior to male gonopore</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35628916B407004FFECFFB44227AFB43" box="[269,1296,1164,1221]" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<th id="76B3E06AB407004FFECFFB442686FB43" box="[269,492,1164,1221]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Orientation of male copulatory complex</th>
<td id="76B3E06AB407004FFDD0FB4425AEFB43" box="[530,708,1164,1221]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Directed anteriorly</td>
<td id="76B3E06AB407004FFD11FB442490FB43" box="[723,1018,1164,1221]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Directed posteriorly</td>
<td id="76B3E06AB407004FFBCEFB44227AFB43" box="[1036,1296,1164,1221]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Directed anteriorly</td>
</tr>
<tr id="35628916B407004FFECFFB11227AFB76" box="[269,1296,1241,1264]" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<th id="76B3E06AB407004FFECFFB112686FB76" box="[269,492,1241,1264]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Ventral, sensory disk</th>
<td id="76B3E06AB407004FFDD0FB1125AEFB76" box="[530,708,1241,1264]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Present</td>
<td id="76B3E06AB407004FFD11FB112490FB76" box="[723,1018,1241,1264]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Absent</td>
<td id="76B3E06AB407004FFBCEFB11227AFB76" box="[1036,1296,1241,1264]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Absent</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="C348D8DFB407FFB3FECAFAA123F3FA05" box="[264,1177,1385,1411]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="multiple">
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B407FFB3FECAFAA123F3FA05" blockId="3.[264,1177,1385,1411]" box="[264,1177,1385,1411]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<heading id="D0A53C38B407FFB3FECAFAA123F3FA05" bold="true" box="[264,1177,1385,1411]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B9265746B407FFB3FECAFAA123F3FA05" bold="true" box="[264,1177,1385,1411]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Key for the determination of the new family (modified from
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B407FFB3FC3AFAA123FBFA05" author="Faubel, A." box="[1016,1169,1385,1411]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" pagination="17 - 121" refId="ref6331" refString="Faubel, A. (1983) The Polycladida, Turbellaria. Proposal and establishment of a new system. Part I. The Acotylea. Mitteilungen des hamburgischen zoologischen Museums und Instituts, 80, 17 - 121." type="journal article" year="1983">Faubel 1983</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C348D8DFB407FFB4FECAFA7C2240FDA0" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="key">
<key id="FFC3DC65B407FFB4FECAFA7C2240FDA0" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyStep id="30A693F1B407FFB3FECAFA7C2240FA70" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B407FFB3FECAFA7C2241FA48" blockId="3.[264,1324,1460,1886]" box="[264,1323,1460,1486]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="30A32861B407FFB3FECAFA7C2241FA48" box="[264,1323,1460,1486]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">1. ruffled pharynx ............................................................................................................. 2</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B407FFB3FECAFA142240FA70" blockId="3.[264,1324,1460,1886]" box="[264,1322,1500,1526]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="30A32861B407FFB3FECAFA142240FA70" box="[264,1322,1500,1526]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">­ tubular or cylindrical pharynx, directed forwards........................................... Enantidae</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30A693F1B407FFB3FECAF9CC2246F9C0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B407FFB3FECAF9CC2246F998" blockId="3.[264,1324,1460,1886]" box="[264,1324,1540,1566]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="30A32861B407FFB3FECAF9CC2246F998" box="[264,1324,1540,1566]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">2. male tract provided with prostatic­like glands .............................................................. 3</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B407FFB3FECAF9E42246F9C0" blockId="3.[264,1324,1460,1886]" box="[264,1324,1580,1606]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="30A32861B407FFB3FECAF9E42246F9C0" box="[264,1324,1580,1606]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">­ male tract completely lacking prostatic­like glands ...................................................... 7</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30A693F1B407FFB3FECAF99C2241F910" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B407FFB3FECAF99C2241F9E8" blockId="3.[264,1324,1460,1886]" box="[264,1323,1620,1646]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="30A32861B407FFB3FECAF99C2241F9E8" box="[264,1323,1620,1646]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">3. male tract with glandular epithelium, prostatoid organs lacking .................................. 6</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B407FFB3FECAF9B42241F910" blockId="3.[264,1324,1460,1886]" box="[264,1323,1660,1686]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="30A32861B407FFB3FECAF9B42241F910" box="[264,1323,1660,1686]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">­ male tract with or without glandular epithelium, prostatoid organs present ................. 4</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30A693F1B407FFB3FECAF96C2246F960" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B407FFB3FECAF96C2241F938" blockId="3.[264,1324,1460,1886]" box="[264,1323,1700,1726]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="30A32861B407FFB3FECAF96C2241F938" box="[264,1323,1700,1726]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">4. male tract without prostatic­like lining ......................................................................... 5</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B407FFB3FECAF9042246F960" blockId="3.[264,1324,1460,1886]" box="[264,1324,1740,1766]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="30A32861B407FFB3FECAF9042246F960" box="[264,1324,1740,1766]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
­ male tract with prostatic­like lining ...................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B407FFB3FB95F9042246F960" box="[1111,1324,1740,1766]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Discoprosthididae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Discoprosthididae</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30A693F1B407FFB3FECAF93C2246F8D8" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B407FFB3FECAF93C2246F888" blockId="3.[264,1324,1460,1886]" box="[264,1324,1780,1806]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="30A32861B407FFB3FECAF93C2246F888" box="[264,1324,1780,1806]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
5. male tract edged with numerous prostatoid organs ....................................
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B407FFB3FB57F93C2246F888" box="[1173,1324,1780,1806]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Discocelidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Discocelidae</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B407FFB3FECAF8D42246F8D8" blockId="3.[264,1324,1460,1886]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<keyLead id="30A32861B407FFB3FECAF8D42246F8D8" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
­ male tract without prostatoid organs; a single armed prostatoid organ opens independently from the male tract to the exterior.........................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B407FFB3FB78F88C2246F8D8" box="[1210,1324,1860,1886]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Palauidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Palauidae</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30A693F1B400FFB4FECAFED42246FE00" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B400FFB4FECAFED42240FED8" blockId="4.[264,1324,284,550]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<keyLead id="30A32861B400FFB4FECAFED42240FED8" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
6. like (3) and with bulbous, glandular chambered penis, prostatic­like glands are extraepithelial ..........................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B400FFB4FBBBFE8C2240FED8" box="[1145,1322,324,350]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Mucroplanidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Mucroplanidae</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B400FFB4FECAFEA42246FE00" blockId="4.[264,1324,284,550]" box="[264,1324,364,390]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<keyLead id="30A32861B400FFB4FECAFEA42246FE00" box="[264,1324,364,390]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
­ penis if present, is papilla­like rod­like or armed with a cuticular stylet......
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B400FFB4FB6AFEA42246FE00" box="[1192,1324,364,390]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Ilyplanidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Ilyplanidae</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30A693F1B400FFB4FECAFE5C2240FDA0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B400FFB4FECAFE5C2241FE50" blockId="4.[264,1324,284,550]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<keyLead id="30A32861B400FFB4FECAFE5C2241FE50" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
7. male copulatory apparatus positioned anterior to male pore, hence directed backwards .......................................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B400FFB4FB6AFE742241FE50" box="[1192,1323,444,470]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Euplanidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Euplanidae</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
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<keyLead id="30A32861B400FFB4FECAFE2C2240FDA0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
­ male copulatory apparatus positioned posterior to the male gonopore, hence directed forwards; eyes lacking..................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B400FFB4FB5FFDC42240FDA0" box="[1181,1322,524,550]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Anocellidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Anocellidae</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</key>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -1,48 +1,50 @@
<document id="271A70551507521A2396C7734483A244" ID-CLB-Dataset="50353" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.173981" ID-GBIF-Dataset="518e12ee-8606-468f-8535-9fa03089ab72" ID-ISSN="1175­5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="173981" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,operationResults,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1459787373710" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Quiroga, Sigmer Y., Bolaños, D. Marcela &amp; Litvaitis, Marian K." docDate="2006" docId="03FB3A42B40FFFA0FECAFD192249FAA7" docLanguage="en" docName="zt01317p019.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 1317" docStyle="DocumentStyle:FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF.3:Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleId="FA7E419B012A62B0FC3AC15A186C3DAF" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2001-2006.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Oligocladus voightae Quiroga, Bolaños &amp; Litvaitis, 2006, n. sp." docType="treatment" docVersion="13" lastPageNumber="17" masterDocId="FFC2423AB404FFB0FFC2FFC8276AFF86" masterDocTitle="First description of deep­sea polyclad flatworms from the North Pacific: Anocellidus n. gen. profundus n. sp. (Anocellidae, n. fam.) and Oligocladus voightae n. sp. (Euryleptidae)" masterLastPageNumber="19" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="12" updateTime="1739373181067" updateUser="guilherme">
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<mods:title id="BCCEF7108A3CF5D403B8B3BB9BD8545F">First description of deep­sea polyclad flatworms from the North Pacific: Anocellidus n. gen. profundus n. sp. (Anocellidae, n. fam.) and Oligocladus voightae n. sp. (Euryleptidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="F6CDBB1C286FBFA5F8666FFDBCF85F6F">First description of deep­sea polyclad flatworms from the North Pacific: Anocellidus n. gen. profundus n. sp. (Anocellidae, n. fam.) and Oligocladus voightae n. sp. (Euryleptidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="915FE25B7803AEB97785338E28B2F441">Quiroga, Sigmer Y.</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="03FB3A42B40FFFA0FECAFD192249FAA7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5689594" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119349468" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5689594" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FB3A42B40FFFA0FECAFD192249FAA7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03FB3A42B40FFFA0FECAFD192249FAA7" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" scope_family="Euryleptidae" scope_genus="Oligocladus">
<subSubSection id="C348D8DFB40FFFBBFECAFD1925D6FD6D" box="[264,700,721,747]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="nomenclature">
@ -50,7 +52,7 @@
<heading id="D0A53C38B40FFFBBFECAFD1925D6FD6D" bold="true" box="[264,700,721,747]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" reason="1">
<emphasis id="B9265746B40FFFBBFECAFD1925D6FD6D" bold="true" box="[264,700,721,747]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
Species:
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B40FFFBBFEB6FD1926B0FD6D" ID-CoL="495Y8" box="[372,474,721,747]" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Oligocladus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="voightae" status="sp. nov.">
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B40FFFBBFEB6FD1926B0FD6D" ID-CoL="495Y8" authorityName="Quiroga, Bolaños &amp; Litvaitis" authorityYear="2006" box="[372,474,721,747]" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Oligocladus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="voightae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B9265746B40FFFBBFEB6FD1926B0FD6D" bold="true" box="[372,474,721,747]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">voightae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A215EA3DB40FFFBBFE20FD19254EFD6D" box="[482,548,721,747]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" rank="species">n. sp.</taxonomicNameLabel>
@ -70,20 +72,13 @@ material and locality:
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B40FFFBBFEFAFC8C2402FC28" blockId="11.[264,1325,796,1902]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
a)
<materialsCitation id="3B3A8109B40FFFBBFE9AFC8C240EFC28" collectingDate="30 August, 2004" collectionCode="FMNH" latitude="41.00453" location="Marker 6 X on Central Hill" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-127.49465" municipality="Escanaba Trough" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" specimenCode="FMNH 12560" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<materialsCitation id="3B3A8109B40FFFBBFE9AFC8C240EFC28" collectingDate="2004-08-30" collectionCode="FMNH" latitude="41.00453" location="Marker 6 X on Central Hill" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-127.49465" municipality="Escanaba Trough" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" specimenCode="FMNH 12560" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54E935F6B40FFFBBFE9AFC8C26A2FCD8" box="[344,456,836,862]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
, whole mount,
<specimenCount id="9D5440DDB40FFFBBFD46FC8C24E8FCD8" box="[644,898,836,862]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">one mature specimen</specimenCount>
(
<quantity id="4CAA26B1B40FFFBBFC56FC8C2480FCD8" box="[916,1002,836,862]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
<date id="FFECAD94B40FFFBBFC31FC8C2343FCD8" box="[1011,1065,836,862]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1910-10">
x
<quantity id="4CAA26B1B40FFFBBFBCEFC8C230FFCD8" box="[1036,1125,836,862]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="10.0">
<quantity id="4CAA26B1B40FFFBBFBCEFC8C2343FCD8" box="[1036,1065,836,862]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="10.0">10</quantity>
mm
</quantity>
</date>
),
(12 mm
<date id="FFECAD94B40FFFBBFC31FC8C2343FCD8" box="[1011,1065,836,862]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" value="1910-10">x 10</date>
mm),
<specimenCode id="DBF4232FB40FFFBBFBBEFC8C224CFCD8" box="[1148,1318,836,862]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">FMNH 12560</specimenCode>
, collected
<collectingDate id="EFA8547CB40FFFBBFEB8FCA42555FC00" box="[378,575,876,902]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
@ -92,9 +87,7 @@ mm
</collectingDate>
from
<collectingMunicipality id="6B89112EB40FFFBBFD4AFCA42432FC00" box="[648,856,876,902]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Escanaba Trough</collectingMunicipality>
,
<quantity id="4CAA26B1B40FFFBBFCA1FCA424CAFC00" box="[867,928,876,902]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
N of
, 20 m N of
<location id="8E8DDD8FB40FFFBBFC24FCA4224CFC00" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FB3A42B40FFFA0FECAFD192249FAA7:8E8DDD8FB40FFFBBFC24FCA4224CFC00" box="[998,1318,876,902]" latitude="41.00453" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-127.49465" municipality="Escanaba Trough" name="Marker 6 X on Central Hill" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
Marker
<date id="FFECAD94B40FFFBBFB87FCA42303FC00" box="[1093,1129,876,902]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">6X</date>
@ -111,20 +104,13 @@ depth (
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B40FFFBBFEFAFC742338FBA0" blockId="11.[264,1325,796,1902]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
b)
<materialsCitation id="3B3A8109B40FFFBBFE9AFC742327FBA0" collectingDate="30 August, 2004" collectionCode="FMNH" latitude="41.00453" location="Marker 6 X on Central Hill" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-127.49465" municipality="Escanaba Trough" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" specimenCode="FMNH 12464" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<materialsCitation id="3B3A8109B40FFFBBFE9AFC742327FBA0" collectingDate="2004-08-30" collectionCode="FMNH" latitude="41.00453" location="Marker 6 X on Central Hill" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-127.49465" municipality="Escanaba Trough" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" specimenCode="FMNH 12464" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<typeStatus id="54E935F6B40FFFBBFE9AFC7426ABFC50" box="[344,449,956,982]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
,
<specimenCount id="9D5440DDB40FFFBBFE0CFC7425A2FC50" box="[462,712,956,982]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">one mature specimen</specimenCount>
as serial sagittal sections (
<quantity id="4CAA26B1B40FFFBBFBC7FC742332FC50" box="[1029,1112,956,982]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="11.0">11 mm</quantity>
<date id="FFECAD94B40FFFBBFBA2FC7423EFFC50" box="[1120,1157,956,982]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
x
<quantity id="4CAA26B1B40FFFBBFBB4FC7423D5FC50" box="[1142,1215,956,982]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="9.0">
<quantity id="4CAA26B1B40FFFBBFBB4FC7423EFFC50" box="[1142,1157,956,982]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="9.0">9</quantity>
mm
</quantity>
</date>
),
as serial sagittal sections (11 mm
<date id="FFECAD94B40FFFBBFBA2FC7423EFFC50" box="[1120,1157,956,982]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">x 9</date>
mm),
<specimenCode id="DBF4232FB40FFFBBFB16FC74263EFC78" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">FMNH 12464</specimenCode>
, collected with holotype
<collectingDate id="EFA8547CB40FFFBBFDBAFC2C2453FC78" box="[632,825,996,1022]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
@ -133,9 +119,7 @@ mm
</collectingDate>
from
<collectingMunicipality id="6B89112EB40FFFBBFCBDFC2C2326FC78" box="[895,1100,996,1022]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Escanaba Trough</collectingMunicipality>
,
<quantity id="4CAA26B1B40FFFBBFB9AFC2C23F9FC78" box="[1112,1171,996,1022]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="m" value="20.0">20 m</quantity>
N of
, 20 m N of
<location id="8E8DDD8FB40FFFBBFB16FC2C268CFBA0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FB3A42B40FFFA0FECAFD192249FAA7:8E8DDD8FB40FFFBBFB16FC2C268CFBA0" latitude="41.00453" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-127.49465" municipality="Escanaba Trough" name="Marker 6 X on Central Hill" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
Marker
<date id="FFECAD94B40FFFBBFECAFBC42646FBA0" box="[264,300,1036,1062]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">6X</date>
@ -282,9 +266,9 @@ A and 9). The female atrium is not very deep and connected to a simple vagina, w
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B409FFBDFEFAFA27263EF8F7" blockId="13.[264,1324,839,1905]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
Both,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B409FFBDFE43FA27255EF98F" author="Faubel" box="[385,564,1519,1545]" pageId="13" pageNumber="18" refString="Faubel, A. (1984 a) The Polycladida, Turbellaria. Proposal and establishment of a new system. Part II. The Cotylea. Mitteilungen des hamburgischen zoologischen Museums und Instituts, 81, 189 - 259." type="journal article" year="1984" yearSuffix="a">Faubel (1984a)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B409FFBDFE43FA27255EF98F" author="Faubel, A." box="[385,564,1519,1545]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="189" refId="ref6371" refString="Faubel, A. (1984 a) The Polycladida, Turbellaria. Proposal and establishment of a new system. Part II. The Cotylea. Mitteilungen des hamburgischen zoologischen Museums und Instituts, 81, 189 - 259." type="journal article" year="1984">Faubel (1984a)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B409FFBDFDB3FA272443F98F" author="Prudhoe" box="[625,809,1519,1545]" pageId="13" pageNumber="19" refString="Prudhoe, S. (1985) A Monograph on Polyclad Turbellaria. Oxford University Press: Oxford." type="book" year="1985">Prudhoe (1985)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B409FFBDFDB3FA272443F98F" author="Prudhoe, S." box="[625,809,1519,1545]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refId="ref6961" refString="Prudhoe, S. (1985) A Monograph on Polyclad Turbellaria. Oxford University Press: Oxford." type="book" year="1985">Prudhoe (1985)</bibRefCitation>
are in agreement of the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B409FFBDFB59FA272240F98E" box="[1179,1322,1519,1544]" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Oligocladus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9265746B409FFBDFB59FA272240F98E" box="[1179,1322,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Oligocladus</emphasis>
@ -315,7 +299,9 @@ and
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B409FFBDFECAF8E726E5F8CE" box="[264,399,1839,1864]" class="Agaricomycetes" family="Hymenochaetaceae" genus="Cycloporus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Fungi" order="Hymenochaetales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Basidiomycota" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9265746B409FFBDFECAF8E726E5F8CE" box="[264,399,1839,1864]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Cycloporus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also possess a pair of uterine trunks with multiple uterine vesicles (Faubel 1984).
also possess a pair of uterine trunks with multiple uterine vesicles (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B409FFBDFB15F8E7262DF8F7" author="Faubel, A." pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="189" refId="ref6371" refString="Faubel, A. (1984 a) The Polycladida, Turbellaria. Proposal and establishment of a new system. Part II. The Cotylea. Mitteilungen des hamburgischen zoologischen Museums und Instituts, 81, 189 - 259." type="journal article" year="1984">Faubel 1984</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B40AFFBEFEFAFED425D8FDC8" blockId="14.[264,1323,284,590]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B40AFFBEFEFAFED426ADFEB3" box="[312,455,284,309]" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Oligocladus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
@ -357,17 +343,19 @@ rather than
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B40AFFBFFEFAF91C230DFE28" blockId="14.[264,1323,1748,1894]" lastBlockId="15.[264,1322,284,430]" lastPageId="15" lastPageNumber="16" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
Additionally,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B40AFFBEFE19F91C25DFF968" author="Hadenfeldt" box="[475,693,1748,1774]" pageId="14" pageNumber="18" refString="Hadenfeldt, D. (1929) Das Nervensystem von Stylochoplana maculata und Notoplana atomata. Zeitschrift fur wissenschaftliche Zoology, 133, 586 - 638." type="journal article" year="1929">Hadenfeldt (1929)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B40AFFBEFE19F91C25DFF968" author="Hadenfeldt, D." box="[475,693,1748,1774]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="586" refId="ref6485" refString="Hadenfeldt, D. (1929) Das Nervensystem von Stylochoplana maculata und Notoplana atomata. Zeitschrift fur wissenschaftliche Zoology, 133, 586 - 638." type="journal article" year="1929">Hadenfeldt (1929)</bibRefCitation>
recognizes the position of the brain posterior to the mouth as unique to the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B40AFFBEFDBBF9342462F893" box="[633,776,1788,1813]" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Oligocladus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B9265746B40AFFBEFDBBF9342462F893" box="[633,776,1788,1813]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Oligocladus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with only two species. According to Faubel (1984), the anatomy of
, with only two species. According to
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B40AFFBEFB19F9342633F8B8" author="Faubel, A." pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="189" refId="ref6371" refString="Faubel, A. (1984 a) The Polycladida, Turbellaria. Proposal and establishment of a new system. Part II. The Cotylea. Mitteilungen des hamburgischen zoologischen Museums und Instituts, 81, 189 - 259." type="journal article" year="1984">Faubel (1984)</bibRefCitation>
, the anatomy of
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B40AFFBEFDDDF8EC25FCF8BB" box="[543,662,1828,1853]" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Oligocladus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="auritus">
<emphasis id="B9265746B40AFFBEFDDDF8EC25FCF8BB" box="[543,662,1828,1853]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">O. auritus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is not very well known, although
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B40AFFBEFBE9F8EC23D7F8B8" author="Lang" box="[1067,1213,1828,1854]" pageId="14" pageNumber="18" refString="Lang, A. (1884) Die Polycladen (Seeplanarien) des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeresabschnitte. Eine Monographie. Fauna und Flora des Golfes von Neapel 11. ix + 688 pp. Leipzig." type="book" year="1884">Lang (1884)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B40AFFBEFBE9F8EC23D7F8B8" author="Lang, A." box="[1067,1213,1828,1854]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="ref6567" refString="Lang, A. (1884) Die Polycladen (Seeplanarien) des Golfes von Neapel und der angrenzenden Meeresabschnitte. Eine Monographie. Fauna und Flora des Golfes von Neapel 11. ix + 688 pp. Leipzig." type="book" year="1884">Lang (1884)</bibRefCitation>
placed it into this genus because its brain is posterior to the mouth. Thus, the position of the brain of
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B40BFFBFFECAFED426FBFEB3" box="[264,401,284,309]" family="Euryleptidae" genus="Oligocladus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="voightae">
<emphasis id="B9265746B40BFFBFFECAFED426FBFEB3" box="[264,401,284,309]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">O. voightae</emphasis>
@ -385,7 +373,7 @@ corresponds well with that of
<emphasis id="B9265746B40BFFBFFBE6FE8C2387FEDB" box="[1060,1261,324,349]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">O. sanginolentus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with the exception of the presence of two sharply­defined clusters of cerebral eyes and an anteriorly trifurcated intestinal trunk in the latter species (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B40BFFBFFC6BFE5C2330FE28" author="Prudhoe" box="[937,1114,404,430]" pageId="15" pageNumber="19" refString="Prudhoe, S. (1985) A Monograph on Polyclad Turbellaria. Oxford University Press: Oxford." type="book" year="1985">Prudhoe, 1985</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B40BFFBFFC6BFE5C2330FE28" author="Prudhoe, S." box="[937,1114,404,430]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" refId="ref6961" refString="Prudhoe, S. (1985) A Monograph on Polyclad Turbellaria. Oxford University Press: Oxford." type="book" year="1985">Prudhoe, 1985</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
@ -421,9 +409,9 @@ Scale bar = 250 µm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B40BFFA0FEFAF9B326F0FE00" blockId="15.[264,1323,1619,1885]" lastBlockId="16.[264,1323,284,1313]" lastPageId="16" lastPageNumber="17" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
It is interesting to note that the two newly described species so far have been collected only from deep­sea wood deployments heavily colonized by wood­boring clams (species of which are currently being described, Dr. J. Voight, Chicago Field Museum, pers. comm.). Previously,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B40BFFBFFDCDF93B25D4F88B" author="Turner" box="[527,702,1779,1805]" pageId="15" pageNumber="19" refString="Turner, R. D. (1978) Wood, mollusks, and deep-sea food chains. Bulletin of the American Malacological Union for 1977, 13 - 19." type="journal article" year="1978">Turner (1978)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B40BFFBFFDCDF93B25D4F88B" author="Turner, R. D." box="[527,702,1779,1805]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" pagination="13 - 19" refId="ref7022" refString="Turner, R. D. (1978) Wood, mollusks, and deep-sea food chains. Bulletin of the American Malacological Union for 1977, 13 - 19." type="journal article" year="1978">Turner (1978)</bibRefCitation>
demonstrated the importance of deep­sea wood deployments in the establishment of a highly diverse community, consisting of woodboring bivalves, predatory polychaetes and gastropods, galatheid crabs, echinoderms and most likely fish. With respect to flatworms,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B414FFA0FCD9FED424AAFEB0" author="Turner" box="[795,960,284,310]" pageId="16" pageNumber="19" refString="Turner, R. D. (1978) Wood, mollusks, and deep-sea food chains. Bulletin of the American Malacological Union for 1977, 13 - 19." type="journal article" year="1978">Turner (1978)</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B414FFA0FCD9FED424AAFEB0" author="Turner, R. D." box="[795,960,284,310]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="13 - 19" refId="ref7022" refString="Turner, R. D. (1978) Wood, mollusks, and deep-sea food chains. Bulletin of the American Malacological Union for 1977, 13 - 19." type="journal article" year="1978">Turner (1978)</bibRefCitation>
reports a single specimen of a predatory turbellarian only; the most abundant taxa of her study being gastropods and polychaetes.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BED8B54B414FFA0FEFAFE5C224FFDC8" blockId="16.[264,1323,284,1313]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
@ -460,39 +448,39 @@ The ecological function of the two newly described species may be inferred from
and
<taxonomicName id="4C52F0D7B414FFA0FE82FD6426A0FD40" box="[320,458,684,710]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Stylochidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Polycladida" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="family">Stylochidae</taxonomicName>
are known to prey on rock and pearl oysters (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B414FFA0FBE3FD64224CFD40" author="Newman" box="[1057,1318,684,710]" pageId="16" pageNumber="18" refString="Newman, L. J., Cannon, L. R. G. &amp; Govan, H. (1993) Stylochus (Imogene) matatasi n. sp. (Platyhelminthes, Polycladida): Pest of cultured giant clams and pearl oysters from Solomon Islands. Hydrobiologia, 257, 185 - 189." type="journal article" year="1993">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B414FFA0FBE3FD64224CFD40" author="Newman, L. J. &amp; Cannon, L. R. G. &amp; Govan, H." box="[1057,1318,684,710]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="185" refId="ref6773" refString="Newman, L. J., Cannon, L. R. G. &amp; Govan, H. (1993) Stylochus (Imogene) matatasi n. sp. (Platyhelminthes, Polycladida): Pest of cultured giant clams and pearl oysters from Solomon Islands. Hydrobiologia, 257, 185 - 189." type="journal article" year="1993">
Newman
<emphasis id="B9265746B414FFA0FB58FD6423B1FD43" box="[1178,1243,684,709]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
1993
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B414FFA0FECAFD1C2535FD68" author="O'Connor" box="[264,607,724,750]" pageId="16" pageNumber="18" refString="O'Connor, W. A. &amp; Newman, L. J. (2001) Halotolerance of the oyster predator, Imogine mcgrathi, a stylochid flatworm from Port Stephens, New South Wales, Australia. Hydrobiologia 459, 157 - 163." type="journal article" year="2001">O'Connor &amp; Newman 2001</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B414FFA0FECAFD1C2535FD68" author="O'Connor, W. A. &amp; Newman, L. J." box="[264,607,724,750]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="157" refId="ref6831" refString="O'Connor, W. A. &amp; Newman, L. J. (2001) Halotolerance of the oyster predator, Imogine mcgrathi, a stylochid flatworm from Port Stephens, New South Wales, Australia. Hydrobiologia 459, 157 - 163." type="journal article" year="2001">O'Connor &amp; Newman 2001</bibRefCitation>
), blue mussels (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B414FFA0FCEBFD1C2372FD68" author="Galleni" box="[809,1048,724,750]" pageId="16" pageNumber="18" refString="Galleni, L., Tongiorgi, P., Ferroro, E. &amp; Salghetti, U. (1980) Stylochus mediterraneus (Turbellaria: Polycladida), predator on the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. Marine Biology 55, 317 - 326." type="journal article" year="1980">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B414FFA0FCEBFD1C2372FD68" author="Galleni, L. &amp; Tongiorgi, P. &amp; Ferroro, E. &amp; Salghetti, U." box="[809,1048,724,750]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="317" refId="ref6440" refString="Galleni, L., Tongiorgi, P., Ferroro, E. &amp; Salghetti, U. (1980) Stylochus mediterraneus (Turbellaria: Polycladida), predator on the mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis. Marine Biology 55, 317 - 326." type="journal article" year="1980">
Galleni
<emphasis id="B9265746B414FFA0FC4CFD1C24A4FD6B" box="[910,974,724,749]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
1980
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B414FFA0FBEBFD1C2274FD68" author="Villalba" box="[1065,1310,724,750]" pageId="16" pageNumber="19" refString="Villalba, A., Mourelle, S. G., Carballal, M. J. &amp; Lopez, C. (1997) Symbionts and diseases of farmed mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis throughout the culture process in the Rias of Galicia (NW Spain). Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 31, 127 - 139." type="journal article" year="1997">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B414FFA0FBEBFD1C2274FD68" author="Villalba, A. &amp; Mourelle, S. G. &amp; Carballal, M. J. &amp; Lopez, C." box="[1065,1310,724,750]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="127" refId="ref7053" refString="Villalba, A., Mourelle, S. G., Carballal, M. J. &amp; Lopez, C. (1997) Symbionts and diseases of farmed mussels Mytilus galloprovincialis throughout the culture process in the Rias of Galicia (NW Spain). Diseases of Aquatic Organisms 31, 127 - 139." type="journal article" year="1997">
Villalba
<emphasis id="B9265746B414FFA0FB50FD1C23B8FD6B" box="[1170,1234,724,749]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
1997
</bibRefCitation>
), barnacles (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B414FFA0FE48FD34251DFC90" author="Murina" box="[394,631,764,790]" pageId="16" pageNumber="18" refString="Murina, G. - V., Grintsov, V. &amp; Solonchenko, A. (1995) Stylochus tauricus, a predator of the barnacle Balanus improvisus in the Black Sea. Hydrobiologia 305, 101 - 104." type="journal article" year="1995">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B414FFA0FE48FD34251DFC90" author="Murina, G. - V. &amp; Grintsov, V. &amp; Solonchenko, A." box="[394,631,764,790]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="101" refId="ref6677" refString="Murina, G. - V., Grintsov, V. &amp; Solonchenko, A. (1995) Stylochus tauricus, a predator of the barnacle Balanus improvisus in the Black Sea. Hydrobiologia 305, 101 - 104." type="journal article" year="1995">
Murina
<emphasis id="B9265746B414FFA0FE2CFD342544FC93" box="[494,558,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
1995
</bibRefCitation>
), and cultured giant clams (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B414FFA0FC13FD3423B9FC90" author="Newman" box="[977,1235,764,790]" pageId="16" pageNumber="18" refString="Newman, L. J., Cannon, L. R. G. &amp; Govan, H. (1993) Stylochus (Imogene) matatasi n. sp. (Platyhelminthes, Polycladida): Pest of cultured giant clams and pearl oysters from Solomon Islands. Hydrobiologia, 257, 185 - 189." type="journal article" year="1993">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B414FFA0FC13FD3423B9FC90" author="Newman, L. J. &amp; Cannon, L. R. G. &amp; Govan, H." box="[977,1235,764,790]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="185" refId="ref6773" refString="Newman, L. J., Cannon, L. R. G. &amp; Govan, H. (1993) Stylochus (Imogene) matatasi n. sp. (Platyhelminthes, Polycladida): Pest of cultured giant clams and pearl oysters from Solomon Islands. Hydrobiologia, 257, 185 - 189." type="journal article" year="1993">
Newman
<emphasis id="B9265746B414FFA0FB8BFD3423E2FC93" box="[1097,1160,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
1993
</bibRefCitation>
). Their impact can be substantial, as they often feed exclusively on spat or juvenile bivalves, resulting in as much as 90% mortality (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B414FFA0FD2FFC842486FCE0" author="Newman" box="[749,1004,844,870]" pageId="16" pageNumber="18" refString="Newman, L. J., Cannon, L. R. G. &amp; Govan, H. (1993) Stylochus (Imogene) matatasi n. sp. (Platyhelminthes, Polycladida): Pest of cultured giant clams and pearl oysters from Solomon Islands. Hydrobiologia, 257, 185 - 189." type="journal article" year="1993">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B414FFA0FD2FFC842486FCE0" author="Newman, L. J. &amp; Cannon, L. R. G. &amp; Govan, H." box="[749,1004,844,870]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="185" refId="ref6773" refString="Newman, L. J., Cannon, L. R. G. &amp; Govan, H. (1993) Stylochus (Imogene) matatasi n. sp. (Platyhelminthes, Polycladida): Pest of cultured giant clams and pearl oysters from Solomon Islands. Hydrobiologia, 257, 185 - 189." type="journal article" year="1993">
Newman
<emphasis id="B9265746B414FFA0FCA6FC8424C8FCE3" box="[868,930,844,869]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
1993
@ -502,19 +490,19 @@ Newman
Atlantic and Gulf of
<collectingCountry id="F345CBC4B414FFA0FB43FCBC23B0FC08" box="[1153,1242,884,910]" name="Mexico" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Mexico</collectingCountry>
coasts (
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B414FFA0FED2FC54268AFC30" author="Provenzano" box="[272,480,924,950]" pageId="16" pageNumber="18" refString="Provenzano, A. J. (1961) Effects of the flatworm Stylochus ellipticus (Girard) on oyster spat in two salt water ponds in Massachusetts. Proceedings of the National Shellfish Association 50, 83 - 88." type="journal article" year="1961">Provenzano 1961</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B414FFA0FED2FC54268AFC30" author="Provenzano, A. J." box="[272,480,924,950]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="83 - 88" refId="ref6920" refString="Provenzano, A. J. (1961) Effects of the flatworm Stylochus ellipticus (Girard) on oyster spat in two salt water ponds in Massachusetts. Proceedings of the National Shellfish Association 50, 83 - 88." type="journal article" year="1961">Provenzano 1961</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B414FFA0FE2FFC542476FC30" author="Webster" box="[493,796,924,950]" pageId="16" pageNumber="19" refString="Webster, J. R. &amp; Medford, R. Z. (1961) Flatworm distribution and associated oyster mortality in Chesapeake Bay. Proceedings of the National Shellfish Association 50, 89 - 96." type="journal article" year="1961">Webster &amp; Medford 1961</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B414FFA0FE2FFC542476FC30" author="Webster, J. R. &amp; Medford, R. Z." box="[493,796,924,950]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="89 - 96" refId="ref7140" refString="Webster, J. R. &amp; Medford, R. Z. (1961) Flatworm distribution and associated oyster mortality in Chesapeake Bay. Proceedings of the National Shellfish Association 50, 89 - 96." type="journal article" year="1961">Webster &amp; Medford 1961</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B414FFA0FCEAFC54249DFC30" author="Christensen" box="[808,1015,924,950]" pageId="16" pageNumber="18" refString="Christensen, D. J. (1973) Prey preference of Stylochus ellipticus in Chesapeake Bay. Proceedings of the National Shellfish Association, 63, 35 - 38." type="journal article" year="1973">Christensen 1973</bibRefCitation>
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B414FFA0FCEAFC54249DFC30" author="Christensen, D. J." box="[808,1015,924,950]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="35 - 38" refId="ref6300" refString="Christensen, D. J. (1973) Prey preference of Stylochus ellipticus in Chesapeake Bay. Proceedings of the National Shellfish Association, 63, 35 - 38." type="journal article" year="1973">Christensen 1973</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B414FFA0FBC1FC542381FC30" author="Chintala" box="[1027,1259,924,950]" pageId="16" pageNumber="18" refString="Chintala, M. M. &amp; Kennedy, V. S. (1993) Reproduction of Stylochus ellipticus (Platyhelminthes: Polycladida) in response to temperature, food, and presence or absence of a partner. Biological Bulletin, 185, 373 - 387." type="journal article" year="1993">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B414FFA0FBC1FC542381FC30" author="Chintala, M. M. &amp; Kennedy, V. S." box="[1027,1259,924,950]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="373" refId="ref6251" refString="Chintala, M. M. &amp; Kennedy, V. S. (1993) Reproduction of Stylochus ellipticus (Platyhelminthes: Polycladida) in response to temperature, food, and presence or absence of a partner. Biological Bulletin, 185, 373 - 387." type="journal article" year="1993">
Chintala
<emphasis id="B9265746B414FFA0FBAEFC5423CDFC33" box="[1132,1191,924,949]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">et al.</emphasis>
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), and
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B414FFA0FECAFC0F269DFC67" box="[264,503,967,993]" pageId="16" pageNumber="18" refString="Newell, R. I. E., Alspach, G. S., Kennedy, V. S. &amp; Jacobs, D. (2000) Mortality of newly metamorphosed eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica) in mesohaline Chesapeake Bay. Marine Biology, 136, 665 - 676." type="journal article">
<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B414FFA0FECAFC0F269DFC67" author="Newell, R. I. E. &amp; Alspach, G. S. &amp; Kennedy, V. S. &amp; Jacobs, D." box="[264,503,967,993]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="665" refId="ref6719" refString="Newell, R. I. E., Alspach, G. S., Kennedy, V. S. &amp; Jacobs, D. (2000) Mortality of newly metamorphosed eastern oysters (Crassostrea virginica) in mesohaline Chesapeake Bay. Marine Biology, 136, 665 - 676." type="journal article" year="2000">
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(2000)
@ -525,7 +513,7 @@ were able to show that small (&lt;
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<paragraph id="8BED8B54B414FFA0FEFAFBF72249FAA7" blockId="16.[264,1323,284,1313]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
Recently,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFC3F6A5B414FFA0FE75FBF72445FBDF" author="Ritson-Williams, R. &amp; Yotsu-Yamashita, M. &amp; Paul, V. J." box="[439,815,1087,1113]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" pagination="3176 - 3179" refId="ref6980" refString="Ritson-Williams, R., Yotsu-Yamashita, M. &amp; Paul, V. J. (2006) Ecological functions of tetrodotoxin in a deadly polyclad flatworm. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 103, 3176 - 3179." type="journal article" year="2006">
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@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
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1. Elytra with longitudinal furrows; metatibial spurs as long as metatarsomere 1; smaller, body length
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<mods:title id="913994BC90A2D7E6A550E74DEF994ABF">A new species of the genus Orchesia Latreille (Coleoptera: Melandryidae) from Baltic amber with a key to species described from fossil resins</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="8CD168849517126705EF21D6020EFBB0" authorityName="Alekseev &amp; Bukejs" authorityYear="2015" box="[151,577,999,1026]" class="Insecta" family="Melandryinae" genus="Orchesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="591" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canaliculata" status="sp. nov." subGenus="Orchestera">
<emphasis id="79A5CF159517126705EF21D6014BFBB0" bold="true" box="[151,260,999,1025]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="591">Orchesia</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="79A5CF1595171267046D21D601D5FBB0" bold="true" box="[277,410,999,1025]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="591">Orchestera</emphasis>
@ -108,7 +109,7 @@ Guillebeau, 1887
. This suggestion is based on two morphological characters which are diagnostic for this subgenus: 4-segmented antennal club and relatively narrow frontal area between eyes (
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).
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<taxonomicName id="8CD168849517126707F7278A030FFA62" box="[655,832,1467,1491]" class="Insecta" family="Melandryinae" genus="Orchesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="591" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canaliculata" status="sp. nov.">
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. canaliculata
@ -118,11 +119,11 @@ Guillebeau, 1887
<emphasis id="79A5CF15951712670633278B03E7FA62" bold="true" box="[843,936,1466,1491]" pageId="1" pageNumber="591">sp. nov.</emphasis>
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differs from all described fossil species of
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<emphasis id="79A5CF159517126705EF27EF00B2FA47" box="[151,253,1502,1526]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="591">Orchesia</emphasis>
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(
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<taxonomicName id="8CD1688495171267047627EE021EFA46" authority="Nikitsky, 2011" authorityName="Nikitsky" authorityYear="2011" box="[270,593,1502,1527]" class="Insecta" family="Melandryinae" genus="Orchesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="591" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rasnitzyni">
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. rasnitzyni
@ -130,7 +131,7 @@ differs from all described fossil species of
<bibRefCitation id="2F406EF69517126704D127EF021EFA46" author="Nikitsky" box="[425,593,1502,1527]" pageId="1" pageNumber="591" refString="Nikitsky, N. B. (2011) New species of the genus Orchesia Latr. from the Upper Eocene (Coleoptera: Tenebrionoidea). Paleontological Journal, 5, 82 - 84. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.1134 / S 003103011105008 X" type="journal article" year="2011">Nikitsky, 2011</bibRefCitation>
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;
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<taxonomicName id="8CD1688495171267072627EE03B4FA46" authority="Alekseev &amp; Bukejs, 2012" authorityName="Alekseev &amp; Bukejs" authorityYear="2012" box="[606,1019,1502,1527]" class="Insecta" family="Melandryinae" genus="Orchesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="591" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="turkini">
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. turkini
@ -138,7 +139,7 @@ differs from all described fossil species of
<bibRefCitation id="2F406EF69517126707AD27EF03B4FA46" author="Alekseev" box="[725,1019,1502,1527]" pageId="1" pageNumber="591" refString="Alekseev, V. I. &amp; Bukejs, A. (2012) A new species of Orchesia Latreille, 1807 (Coleoptera: Melandryidae) from Baltic amber. Genus, 23, 571 - 576." type="book chapter" year="2012">Alekseev &amp; Bukejs, 2012</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
) in longer antennomere 1 (about 1.4 times as long as antennomere 2), longer metatibial spurs (equal in length to first metatarsomere), presence of shallow furrows on elytra, and shorter body length. This new species is similar to recent
<taxonomicName id="8CD1688495171267011624160198F9D2" authority="Mulsant &amp; Guillebeau, 1857" authorityName="Mulsant &amp; Guillebeau" authorityYear="1857" class="Insecta" family="Ortheziidae" genus="Orchesia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="591" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luteipalpis" subGenus="Orchestera">
<taxonomicName id="8CD1688495171267011624160198F9D2" authority="Mulsant &amp; Guillebeau, 1857" authorityName="Mulsant &amp; Guillebeau" authorityYear="1857" class="Insecta" family="Melandryinae" genus="Orchesia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="591" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luteipalpis" subGenus="Orchestera">
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<emphasis id="79A5CF15951712670116241604CDF98F" box="[1134,1154,1575,1598]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="591">O</emphasis>
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@ -177,7 +178,7 @@ Ventral surface covered with fine, dense and relatively homogenous punctures. Ep
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<paragraph id="4B6E13079514126405EF2595046AF86B" blockId="2.[151,1436,1956,2010]" pageId="2" pageNumber="592">
<emphasis id="79A5CF159514126405EF25950173F80B" bold="true" box="[151,316,1956,1979]" pageId="2" pageNumber="592">FIGURES 14.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="8CD1688495141264043C25940269F80A" box="[324,550,1957,1979]" class="Insecta" family="Ortheziidae" genus="Orchesia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="592" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="canaliculata" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="79A5CF1595141264043C25940269F80A" box="[324,550,1957,1979]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="592">Orchesia canaliculata</emphasis>
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@ -197,7 +198,7 @@ details of abdomen, matathorax and elytra, lateral view. Scale bar 1 mm.
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<emphasis id="79A5CF159515126505EF21400175FC37" bold="true" box="[151,314,881,904]" pageId="3" pageNumber="593">FIGURES 56.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="79A5CF159515126504382140026EFC36" box="[320,545,881,903]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="593">Orchesia canaliculata</emphasis>
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@ -1,74 +1,76 @@
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<mods:title id="267559C097FA46CB294B68141472BE4F">Obtusitermes monomorphus, a new termite species (Isoptera: Termitidae: Nasutitermitinae) from Panama</mods:title>
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coll.;
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taken from under horse dung.
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<materialsCitation id="D7E65D15FFF4FFCB49B7FAB3FAA40FCD" collectingDate="2010-06-05" collectionCode="UFTC" collectorName="R Scheffrahn" country="Panama" elevation="360" latitude="9.3261" location="Kuna Rd. Stop 4" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="78.9992" pageId="5" pageNumber="572" specimenCode="PN1415" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-soldier="1" specimenCount-worker="1" stateProvince="Guna Yala" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="55FA8B5AFFF4FFCB49B7FAB3FEDF0F29" bold="true" box="[199,326,1376,1402]" pageId="5" pageNumber="572">
<typeStatus id="B835E9EAFFF4FFCB49B7FAB3FED80F29" box="[199,321,1376,1402]" pageId="5" pageNumber="572" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
.
@ -148,14 +141,8 @@ coll.;
:
<collectingRegion id="A54A99AAFFF4FFCB48A5FAB3FDD30F29" box="[469,586,1376,1402]" country="Panama" name="Kuna Yala" pageId="5" pageNumber="572">Guna Yala</collectingRegion>
(formerly San Blas),
<collectorName id="CA7B329EFFF4FFCB4A32FAB3FC700F29" box="[834,1001,1376,1402]" pageId="5" pageNumber="572">
<collectingMunicipality id="8755CD32FFF4FFCB4A32FAB3FC370F29" box="[834,942,1376,1402]" pageId="5" pageNumber="572">
Kuna
<location id="62510193FFF4FFCB4AF6FAB3FC370F29" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EF27E65EFFF4FFC949E7FB78FBCA0D1C:62510193FFF4FFCB4AF6FAB3FC370F29" box="[902,942,1376,1402]" country="Panama" latitude="9.3261" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="78.9992" municipality="Kuna Rd." name="Rd. Stop" pageId="5" pageNumber="572" stateProvince="Kuna Yala">Rd.</location>
</collectingMunicipality>
Stop
</collectorName>
4;
<location id="62510193FFF4FFCB4A32FAB3FB9B0F29" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:EF27E65EFFF4FFC949E7FB78FBCA0D1C:62510193FFF4FFCB4A32FAB3FB9B0F29" box="[834,1026,1376,1402]" country="Panama" latitude="9.3261" longLatPrecision="7" longitude="78.9992" name="Kuna Rd. Stop 4" pageId="5" pageNumber="572" stateProvince="Guna Yala">Kuna Rd. Stop 4</location>
;
<geoCoordinate id="02BA318FFFF4FFCB4D7FFAB3FBC60F29" box="[1039,1119,1376,1402]" degrees="9.3261" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="572" precision="5" value="9.3261">9.3261</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="02BA318FFFF4FFCB4D1BFAB3FB530F29" box="[1131,1226,1376,1402]" degrees="78.9992" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="5" pageNumber="572" precision="5" value="78.9992">78.9992</geoCoordinate>
@ -166,19 +153,23 @@ asl
</elevation>
;
<date id="13307188FFF4FFCB4C25FA8CFF4A0FCD" pageId="5" pageNumber="572" value="2010-06-05">
<collectingDate id="03748860FFF4FFCB4C25FA8CFF4A0FCD" pageId="5" pageNumber="572" value="2010-06-05">5-Jun- 2010</collectingDate>
<collectingDate id="03748860FFF4FFCB4C25FA8CFF4A0FCD" pageId="5" pageNumber="572" value="2010-06-05">5-Jun-2010</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectionCode id="019FCF8DFFF4FFCB49AEFA57FF680FCD" box="[222,241,1412,1438]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="5" pageNumber="572">R</collectionCode>
<collectorName id="CA7B329EFFF4FFCB4988FA57FEEB0FCD" box="[248,370,1412,1438]" pageId="5" pageNumber="572">Scheffrahn</collectorName>
<collectorName id="CA7B329EFFF4FFCB49AEFA57FEEB0FCD" box="[222,370,1412,1438]" pageId="5" pageNumber="572">R Scheffrahn</collectorName>
coll.;
<collectionCode id="019FCF8DFFF4FFCB48C9FA57FD980FCD" box="[441,513,1412,1438]" pageId="5" pageNumber="572">UFTC</collectionCode>
<specimenCode id="3728FF33FFF4FFCB4B77FA50FDFF0FCD" box="[519,614,1411,1438]" collectionCode="PN" pageId="5" pageNumber="572">PN1415</specimenCode>
; many
<specimenCount id="71889CC1FFF4FFCB4BC7FA57FC970FCD" box="[695,782,1412,1438]" pageId="5" pageNumber="572" type="soldier">soldiers</specimenCount>
and
<specimenCount id="71889CC1FFF4FFCB4A35FA57FC060FCD" box="[837,927,1412,1438]" pageId="5" pageNumber="572" type="worker">workers</specimenCount>
taken from under a decaying branch
</materialsCitation>
; many soldiers and workers taken from under a decaying branch.
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2F9404C3FFF4FFC949B7FA7BFBCA0D1C" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="574" pageId="5" pageNumber="572" type="etymology">
<subSubSection id="2F9404C3FFF4FFCB49B7FA7BFE010FB5" pageId="5" pageNumber="572" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="67315748FFF4FFCB49B7FA7BFB5A0F91" blockId="5.[151,1437,1267,2014]" box="[199,1219,1448,1474]" pageId="5" pageNumber="572">
<emphasis id="55FA8B5AFFF4FFCB49B7FA7BFED70F91" bold="true" box="[199,334,1448,1474]" pageId="5" pageNumber="572">Etymology.</emphasis>
Named for the monomorphic soldier caste which is exclusive to
@ -191,14 +182,16 @@ Named for the monomorphic soldier caste which is exclusive to
<emphasis id="55FA8B5AFFF4FFCB49B7FA1FFE8A0FB5" bold="true" box="[199,275,1484,1510]" pageId="5" pageNumber="572">Imago</emphasis>
. Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2F9404C3FFF4FFC949B7FA3CFDB80CC8" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="574" pageId="5" pageNumber="572" type="description">
<paragraph id="67315748FFF4FFCB49B7FA3CFD660CC9" blockId="5.[151,1437,1267,2014]" pageId="5" pageNumber="572">
<emphasis id="55FA8B5AFFF4FFCB49B7FA3CFE840C5A" bold="true" box="[199,285,1519,1545]" pageId="5" pageNumber="572">Soldier</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="FFB54BCDFFF4FFCB485EFA23FEEC0C59" box="[302,373,1520,1546]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,250,681,705]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,179,655]" captionTargetId="figure-20@2.[151,1435,179,655]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2. Holotype soldier of Obtusitermes monomorphus sp. nov. A. dorsal and B. lateral view of head capsule." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14804867" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14804867/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="572">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="FFB54BCDFFF4FFCB48F4FA23FE0D0C59" box="[388,404,1520,1546]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="5.[151,250,657,681]" captionText="FIGURE 6. Live habitus of Obtusitermes monomorphus sp. nov. (PN1415)." pageId="5" pageNumber="572">6</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="FFB54BCDFFF4FFCB48F4FA23FE0D0C59" box="[388,404,1520,1546]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="5.[151,250,657,681]" captionTargetId="figure-18@5.[416,1172,179,631]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 6. Live habitus of Obtusitermes monomorphus sp. nov. (PN1415)." pageId="5" pageNumber="572">6</figureCitation>
;
<tableCitation id="2A0C62F3FFF4FFCB48D2FA23FE6F0C59" box="[418,502,1520,1546]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,239,1529,1553]" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements (mm) of Obtusitermes monomorphus sp. nov. soldiers (n=5) from two colonies." pageId="5" pageNumber="572">Table 1</tableCitation>
<tableCitation id="2A0C62F3FFF4FFCB48D2FA23FE6F0C59" box="[418,502,1520,1546]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="1.[151,239,1529,1553]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="TABLE 1. Measurements (mm) of Obtusitermes monomorphus sp. nov. soldiers (n=5) from two colonies." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/33F107C0FFF0FFCF49E7FA2AFA9E0C42" pageId="5" pageNumber="572" tableUuid="33F107C0FFF0FFCF49E7FA2AFA9E0C42">Table 1</tableCitation>
). Monomorphic, small size. Head capsule reddish brown, nasus darker. Antennal articles and palps reddish brown. Head capsule pyriform from above, constricted at anterior one-third. Lateral view of head capsule convex behind antennal sockets. Vertex with two long setae at summit of convexity and four long setae at posterior half of vertex. Nasus broadly conical, upturned about 10°. Antennae with 11 articles; antennal article formula 2&lt;3&gt;4≤5. Mandibles with small points.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="67315748FFF4FFCB49B7F970FF690D8D" blockId="5.[151,1437,1267,2014]" pageId="5" pageNumber="572">
@ -336,15 +329,17 @@ lateral view of minor soldier head capsule.
<paragraph id="67315748FFF6FFC949B7FACAFDB80CC8" blockId="7.[151,1437,1304,1871]" pageId="7" pageNumber="574">
<emphasis id="55FA8B5AFFF6FFC949B7FACAFEBD0F60" bold="true" box="[199,292,1305,1331]" pageId="7" pageNumber="574">Worker</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="FFB54BCDFFF6FFC94843FACAFE060F61" box="[307,415,1304,1331]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 3" captionStart-1="FIGURE 4" captionStart-2="FIGURE 5" captionStart-3="FIGURE 6" captionStartId-0="2.[151,250,1633,1657]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,250,1671,1695]" captionStartId-2="4.[151,250,1945,1969]" captionStartId-3="5.[151,250,657,681]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1435,763,1596]" captionTargetBox-1="[536,1052,739,1645]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,379,1917]" captionTargetId-0="figure-41@2.[151,1435,763,1607]" captionTargetId-1="figure-224@3.[536,1052,739,1645]" captionTargetId-2="figure-107@4.[151,1436,378,1918]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionText-0="FIGURE 3. Worker of Obtusitermes monomorphus sp. nov. A. lateral and B. dorsal view of head capsule. C. habitus. D. dorsal view of mandibles (M1+2 = first and second marginal teeth, M3 = third marginal tooth. Black arrow = cutting edge, gray arrow = molar prominence)." captionText-1="FIGURE 4. Worker gut of Obtusitermes monomorphus sp. nov. AD: dorsal, right, ventral, and left views, respectively. Abbreviations:C=crop, M=mesenteron, P1a=proximal 1st proctodeal segment, P1b=distal 1st proctodeal segment, P2a= proximal enteric valve, P2b distal enteric valve, P3=3rd proctodeal segment, P4=4th proctodeal segment, and P5=rectum." captionText-2="FIGURE 5. Enteric valve of Obtusitermes monomorphus sp. nov. A. Proximal enteric valve tube (P2a) and distal enteric valve tube (P2b) with respective spiny cushions superimposed. B. Distal spiny cushions and C. proximal spiny cushions. D. Phase contrast of a single proximal cushion. E. Entire P2 with food particles removed." captionText-3="FIGURE 6. Live habitus of Obtusitermes monomorphus sp. nov. (PN1415)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14804869" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14804871" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14804873" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/14804869/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/14804871/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/14804873/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="574">Figs. 36</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="FFB54BCDFFF6FFC94843FACAFE060F61" box="[307,415,1304,1331]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 3" captionStart-1="FIGURE 4" captionStart-2="FIGURE 5" captionStart-3="FIGURE 6" captionStartId-0="2.[151,250,1633,1657]" captionStartId-1="3.[151,250,1671,1695]" captionStartId-2="4.[151,250,1945,1969]" captionStartId-3="5.[151,250,657,681]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1435,763,1596]" captionTargetBox-1="[536,1052,739,1645]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1436,379,1917]" captionTargetId-0="figure-41@2.[151,1435,763,1607]" captionTargetId-1="figure-224@3.[536,1052,739,1645]" captionTargetId-2="figure-107@4.[151,1436,378,1918]" captionTargetId-3="figure-18@5.[416,1172,179,631]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="3" captionTargetPageId-2="4" captionTargetPageId-3="5" captionText-0="FIGURE 3. Worker of Obtusitermes monomorphus sp. nov. A. lateral and B. dorsal view of head capsule. C. habitus. D. dorsal view of mandibles (M1+2 = first and second marginal teeth, M3 = third marginal tooth. Black arrow = cutting edge, gray arrow = molar prominence)." captionText-1="FIGURE 4. Worker gut of Obtusitermes monomorphus sp. nov. AD: dorsal, right, ventral, and left views, respectively. Abbreviations:C=crop, M=mesenteron, P1a=proximal 1st proctodeal segment, P1b=distal 1st proctodeal segment, P2a= proximal enteric valve, P2b distal enteric valve, P3=3rd proctodeal segment, P4=4th proctodeal segment, and P5=rectum." captionText-2="FIGURE 5. Enteric valve of Obtusitermes monomorphus sp. nov. A. Proximal enteric valve tube (P2a) and distal enteric valve tube (P2b) with respective spiny cushions superimposed. B. Distal spiny cushions and C. proximal spiny cushions. D. Phase contrast of a single proximal cushion. E. Entire P2 with food particles removed." captionText-3="FIGURE 6. Live habitus of Obtusitermes monomorphus sp. nov. (PN1415)." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14804869" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14804871" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14804873" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/14804869/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/14804871/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/14804873/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="574">Figs. 36</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="FFB54BCDFFF6FFC948DBFACAFE530F60" box="[427,458,1305,1331]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1979,2003]" captionTargetBox="[164,1423,1241,1954]" captionTargetId="figure-57@8.[164,1423,1241,1954]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 10. Worker enteric valve (P2) of Obtusitermes panamae (Snyder, 1925) (UFTC PN1076, A.) and O. formosulus Cuezzo and Cancello, 2009 (UFTC VZ1171, B.). Cellulose particles removed." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14804881" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/14804881/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="574">10</figureCitation>
;
<tableCitation id="2A0C62F3FFF6FFC948A5FACAFDB20F60" box="[469,555,1305,1331]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,239,1777,1801]" captionText="TABLE 2. Measurements (mm) of Obtusitermes monomorphus sp. nov. workers (n=5) from two colonies." pageId="7" pageNumber="574">Table 2</tableCitation>
<tableCitation id="2A0C62F3FFF6FFC948A5FACAFDB20F60" box="[469,555,1305,1331]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="2.[151,239,1777,1801]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="TABLE 2. Measurements (mm) of Obtusitermes monomorphus sp. nov. workers (n=5) from two colonies." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/33F107C0FFF3FFCC49E7F922FA930D59" pageId="7" pageNumber="574" tableUuid="33F107C0FFF3FFCC49E7F922FA930D59">Table 2</tableCitation>
). Monomorphic. Head capsule yellowish brown; vertex with concavity behind postclypeus; postclypeus slightly inflated.Antennae with 12 articles; antennal article formula 2&gt;3≥4=5. Mesenteron and P1 tubular, mixed segment lacking; P1 divided near middle by slight darkened constriction. Enteric valve armature very long, tubular, curved 180°; armature at both ends; EVA seating simple. Enteric valve armature composed of two rings separated by nearly
<quantity id="A076FAADFFF6FFC94BE6FA7AFD430F90" box="[662,730,1449,1475]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="7" pageNumber="574" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
of smooth cuticle. Proximal EVA ring at the terminus of P1 consists of six triangular cushions with their apex directed distally with food stream. Each cushion contains about 20 to 30 scales terminating in short spines. Distal ring at insertion of P3 consists of six cushions alternating in pairs of triangular and elongate scaled cushions; scale texture as in the proximal ring. Left mandible with apical and first marginal teeth equal; molar prominence small; distal margin of the M1+2 forms a long, slightly concave cutting edge longer than apical tooth distance to molar prominence. Right mandible with apical tooth narrower than first marginal. Molar plates with ridges.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2F9404C3FFF6FFC949B7F977FBCA0D1C" pageId="7" pageNumber="574" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="67315748FFF6FFC949B7F977FBCA0D1C" blockId="7.[151,1437,1304,1871]" pageId="7" pageNumber="574">
<emphasis id="55FA8B5AFFF6FFC949B7F977FEF40CED" bold="true" box="[199,365,1700,1726]" pageId="7" pageNumber="574">Comparisons.</emphasis>
The worker head capsule width of