diff --git a/data/8F/02/87/8F0287F93576FFAF381A50CBFA9A0B55.xml b/data/8F/02/87/8F0287F93576FFAF381A50CBFA9A0B55.xml index 492f8361c40..6378ebe0fde 100644 --- a/data/8F/02/87/8F0287F93576FFAF381A50CBFA9A0B55.xml +++ b/data/8F/02/87/8F0287F93576FFAF381A50CBFA9A0B55.xml @@ -1,51 +1,53 @@ - - - -Drivers of Indian pangolin (Manis crassicaudata) mortality in Central and Western Pakistan + + + +Drivers of Indian pangolin (Manis crassicaudata) mortality in Central and Western Pakistan - - -Author + + +Author -Ahmad, Tariq +Ahmad, Tariq - - -Author + + +Author -Li, Bo +Li, Bo -text - - -Mammalia +text + + +Mammalia - -2024 - -2024-04-22 + +2024 + +2024-04-22 - -88 + +88 - -5 + +5 - -407 -417 + +407 +417 - -http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mammalia-2024-0024 + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/mammalia-2024-0024 -journal article -10.1515/mammalia-2024-0024 -1864-1547 -13914447 +journal article +304426 +10.1515/mammalia-2024-0024 +875a69ae-757c-4508-82a2-e62eed58963e +1864-1547 +13914447 - + @@ -101,14 +103,14 @@ who worked on identification of the tick. Pangolins with ticks were very weak an Killing for illegal trade has negative loadings across all four principal components, suggesting it generally moves in the opposite direction of these components. It has the strongest negative influence on PC3. Mites and ticks has a strong positive loading on PC1, indicating it is positively correlated with this component. For the other components, its influence is reduced and more neutral. Myth has a strong negative loading on PC1 and a slight positive influence on PC2 and PC3. Accident influences PC1 and PC2 negatively but has a minimal influence on PC3 and PC4. Natural mortality shows a positive relationship with PC1 and a strong positive influence on PC3. Notably, it has a strong negative loading on PC4. Flood: positively influencing PC1 and has a significant positive loading on PC4. Its influence on PC2 and PC3 is neutral. Human settlement positively influences PC1 and has a slightly influences negatively on PC2. Agriculture practices has the most pronounced negative influence on PC2 and a strong positive influence on PC3 ( -Table 4 +Table 4 , Figures 3 and 4 ). - + Table ยน: Number of pangolins that were killed in four districts of @@ -220,7 +222,7 @@ Microscopic picture of that were present in the scales of Indian pangolin. - + Table Z: The causes of mortality of Indian pangolin in four districts of @@ -427,10 +429,10 @@ Data from local community were collected using 340 questionnaires; were filled; and 180 from Khyber Pakhtunkhwa , while 275 people were interviewed. According to them, 33 % of the mortality of Indian pangolin was caused by illegal killing followed by human settlement (17 %), agricultural practices (13 %), mites and ticks (11 %), natural mortality (8 %), accidents (7 %), removal of dead bodies from graves (6 %), and floods (5 %) ( -Figure 5 +Figure 5 ). During field visits the authors also confirmed that most of the pangolins were killed for illegal trade. Illegal trade of meat and scales has high demands in international markets. - + Table 4: PCA table showing the results of different variables responsible for mortality. @@ -556,7 +558,7 @@ In different social media accounts, most of the information was taken from Faceb = 12, 17 %) and OLX ( n = 7, 10 %, -Figure 6 +Figure 6 ). OLX was mostly used for selling and buying Indian pangolins. Poachers uploaded the dead or live pangolin pictures for selling it. Pictures of Indian pangolin that were killed or rescued are shown in Plate 2 . @@ -567,13 +569,13 @@ In different social media accounts, most of the information was taken from Faceb PCA plot showing factors that are responsible for the mortality of Indian pangolin in KP. - + Figure 5: Perception of the local community to control the mortality rate of Indian pangolin. - + Table S: Details of people arrested that were involved in illegal hunting/possession of Indian pangolin in four districts each from @@ -680,7 +682,7 @@ Details of people arrested that were involved in illegal hunting/possession of I - + Figure 6: Details of social media accounts that were used to collect information about Indian pangolin.