From 8855e17dbf6f95a0ba69a78bb95966f19fb56c73 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: ggserver Date: Tue, 8 Apr 2025 16:54:28 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] Add updates up until 2025-04-08 16:49:23 --- .../BE/3CDDBEDE2F385478910D6489772B63BB.xml | 1191 +++++++++++++++++ 1 file changed, 1191 insertions(+) create mode 100644 data/3C/DD/BE/3CDDBEDE2F385478910D6489772B63BB.xml diff --git a/data/3C/DD/BE/3CDDBEDE2F385478910D6489772B63BB.xml b/data/3C/DD/BE/3CDDBEDE2F385478910D6489772B63BB.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f07cdc7e952 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/3C/DD/BE/3CDDBEDE2F385478910D6489772B63BB.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1191 @@ + + + +Redescription of Tachyura (s. str.) ferrugata (Reitter, 1895) (Coleoptera, Carabidae), with the comments on the availability of varieties described by Johan Reinhold Sahlberg in Tachyina + + + +Author + +Kopecký, Tomáš +https://orcid.org/0009-0004-6314-1318 +Department of Zoology, Fisheries, Hydrobiology and Apiculture, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic + + + +Author + +Bezděk, Jan +0000-0003-4358-7211 +Department of Zoology, Fisheries, Hydrobiology and Apiculture, Mendel University in Brno, Zemědělská 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic + + + +Author + +Mattila, Jaakko +https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2328-6227 +Entomology Team, Zoological Museum, Finnish Museum of Natural History, Pohjoinen Rautatiekatu 13, 00014 Helsinki, Finland + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2025 + +2025-03-31 + + +1233 + + +195 +206 + + + +journal article +10.3897/zookeys.1233.145545 +5835266C-11BA-494D-8B16-58750897A18E + + + + + +Tachyura +(s. str.) +ferrugata +( +Reitter, 1895 +) + + + + + +Figs 1 +, +2 + + + + + + + +Tachys ferrugatus + +Reitter, 1895: 79 +(original description). + + + + + + + + + +Tachys +( +Tachyura +) +quadrisignatus var. caramanicus +J. R. Sahlberg, 1913 b: 18 + +(unavailable infrasubspecific name). + + + + + + + +Tachys schuberti + +Jedlička, 1968: 289 +(original description). + + + + + + + + +Material examined. + + +Type material +: + +Turkey +• +Lectotype +(Fig. +1 A, B +); “ Siria, +Akbes +[white label] \ coll. +Reitter +[white label] \ + + +T. ferrugatus + + +m. Akbes [white label] \ Holotypus 1895 + + +Tachys ferrugatus +Reitter + + +[white label with red frame] \ + + +Tachyura ferrugata +Rtt. + + +Det. +K. Kult +, 1955 [white label] ”; + +HNHM + +. + + + + + + + + +Tachyura +(s. str.) +ferrugata +( +Reitter, 1895 +) + +, type specimens and their labels. +A + +Tachys ferrugatus +Reitter, 1895 + +, lectotype +B + +T. ferrugatus +Reitter, 1895 + +, lectotype, labels +C + +T. schuberti +Jedlička, 1968 + +, holotype, female +D + +T. schuberti +Jedlička, 1968 + +, holotype, labels +E + +T. +( +Tachyura +) +quadrisignatus var. caramanicus +J. R. Sahlberg, 1913 + +, original specimen +F + +T. +( +Tachyura +) +quadrisignatus var. caramanicus +J. R. Sahlberg, 1913 + +, labels. + + + +Note on the type material +: +Reitter (1895) +used the word “ häufig ” in the description of + +Tachyura ferrugata + +, meaning that the species was abundant in the type locality, without specifying the number of specimens examined. We found only +one syntype +in the Reitter collection deposited in the Hungarian Natural History Museum in +Budapest +(Fig. +1 A, B +). The +syntype +has a +holotype +label added by the curator Zoltán Kaszab in the 1960 s without any justification. We cannot rule out that additional +syntypes +exist in other institutions. This is why we find it appropriate to follow Recommendation 73 F of the Code for avoidance of assumption of +holotype +( +ICZN +1999) and design the specimen in question as +lectotype +. + + +Jedlička (1968) +described + +Tachys schuberti + +from Turkish localities “ Selifke ” ( +holotype +) and “ Namrum ” ( +3 paratypes +in coll. Schubert in + +NMW + +). The +holotype +(Fig. +1 C, D +) and +1 paratype +are deposited in + +NMPC + +. The collections of the father Franz Theodor Adolf Schubert and his son Franz Xaver Schubert are stored in the Natural History Museum +Vienna +( +Groll 2017 +) and +two paratypes +were traced there. + + +In the original description of + +Tachys +( +Tachyura +) +quadrisignatus var. caramanicus +, +Sahlberg (1913 b +) + +mentioned “ 25 specimina pauca invenit filius Unio ” [= +25 specimens +collected by his son Unio Johanson Sahlberg] collected in the valley of the Bulghar Dagh mountain range. In + +MZH + +, one original specimen of + +var. +caramanicus + +from Bulghar Dagh, with the collector label “ U. Sahlb. ” is deposited (Fig. +1 E, F +). The specimen is labelled + +“ var. +anatolicus +J. Sahlb. + +”, which can either be a mistake, or the name was changed during publication process, as no taxon with such name was described by J. +R +. Sahlberg. This specimen is conspecific with + +Tachyura ferrugata + +. + + +Non-type material +: + +Syria +• +2 spec. +; + +35 km +E + +Latakia +, +Slanfah +; + +1200–1400 m +a. s. l. + +; + +29 Apr. 2011 + +; +K. Orszulik +leg.; + +KOCF + + +• + +14 spec. +; +Homs +env., + +10 km +N of + +Crac des Chevaliers +, +Mashta Al Hilu +; + +24 Apr. 2011 + +, +K. Orszulik +leg.; + +KOCF + + +• + +2 spec. +; same data as for preceding; + +TKCJ + + +. + + + +Turkey +• +1 ♀ +(Fig. +1 C, D +), +holotype +of + + +Tachys schuberti +Jedlička, 1968 + + +; “ +Selifke +, +Anat. +m. 7. – 9.6. 63 leg. +F. Schubert +[white label] \ Holotypus [red label] \ + + +Tachys schuberti + +sp. n. + +det. +Ing. Jedlička +[red label] ”; + +NMPC + + +• + +3 spec. +, +paratypes +of + + +Tachys schuberti +Jedlička, 1968 + + +; “ +Namrun +, +Anat. +m. 10.5. – 3.6. 63 leg. +F. Schubert +[white label] \ Paratypus [red label] \ + + +Tachys schuberti + +sp. n. + +det. +Ing. Jedlička +[red label] ”; + +NMW + +, + +NMPC + + +• + +1 spec. +(Fig. +1 E, F +) [original specimen of + + +Tachys +( +Tachyura +) +quadrisignatus var. caramanicus +J. R. Sahlberg, 1913 + + +]; +Bulghar Dagh +; +U. Sahlberg +leg.; + +MZH + + +• + +1 spec. +; +Hatay Prov. +, +Amanos Mts. +, +Aslanli Beli +; + +970 m +a. s. l. + +; + +1 Jun. 1991 + +; +S. Kadlec +leg. ”; + +MGCC + + +• + +8 spec. +; same data as for preceding; + +TKCJ + + +• + +1 spec. +; +Harbiya +; + +22 May 1993 + +; +J. Krátký +leg.; + +TKCJ + + +• + +1 spec. +; +Samsun Prov. +, +Yunddagi Mts. +; +Cakiralan env. +; + +800–1000 m +a. s. l. + +; + +16 Jun. 1998 + +, +P. Vonička +leg.; + +PVCL + + +. + + + + +Redescription. + + +Body +(Fig. +2 A – C +). In lateral view, elytra more strongly arched, in anterior third slightly lowered, highest in posterior third, from which they bow to apex at an angle of 40 °. Body length +2.38–2.50 mm +, body width +0.88–0.95 mm +. + + + + + + + +Tachyura +(s. str.) +ferrugata +( +Reitter, 1895 +) + +. +A +dorsal view, male, Turkey: Harbiya +B +dorsal view, male, Turkey: Harbiya, photograph contoured by line drawing +C +dorsal view, male, Turkey: Harbiya, line drawing +D +ventral view, female, Turkey: Bahçe, line drawing +E +aedeagus, Turkey: Harbiya, line drawing +F +aedeagus, Turkey: Harbiya +G +gonocoxite, Turkey: Çevlik. + + + +Coloration. +Dorsal side rusty shiny, not iridescent. Each elytron with indistinct traces of apical and humeral pale rust spots. Antennae rusty, antennomeres I, II and half of III pale rust. Legs pale rusty. Ventral part of head, prothorax, mesothorax and metathorax rusty, epipleuron of pronotum and elytra pale rusty, maxillary palpomeres I and II pale rusty, III pale, labial palpomeres I and II pale rusty, III pale. + + +Head. +One-third narrower than pronotum, one quarter wider than long, eyes slightly prominent; labrum with convex anterior margin and with six short setae; clypeus with two punctures on anterior margin each one bearing long seta; frontal furrows double; external frontal furrows start near frontoclypeal suture, then sinuous to anterior setiferous punctures near eyes; internal frontal furrows broad, short and punctate, starting from clypeus and ending internally to anterior setiferous punctures; anterior setiferous punctures located on internal edges at anterior third of eyes, posterior setiferous punctures located on internal edges in posterior quarter of eyes; mandibles sharp, with one little tooth on internal edge; maxillae small, sharp, with two teeth and number of setae; antennomeres I – IV more than twice as long as wide, +V +– +VI +more than 1.5 times as long as wide, following antennomeres as long as wide, antennomere I with two setae, antennomeres II with four setae, rest of antennomeres with many setae. + + +Pronotum. +1.4 times as wide as long, widest before middle, lateral margins widely bent, except basal fifth subparallel; anterior margin nearly straight; posterior margin nearly straight, lateral parts of posterior margin slightly sinuate; anterior angles rounded; posterior angles sharp, each with posterolateral setiferous puncture bearing long seta; lateral margins bordered, each before middle with anterolateral setiferous puncture bearing long seta; basal humps indistinct; basal impressions acutely depressed, leading obliquely from posterior angle towards centre, each impression with ten punctures; area between basal impressions with deep median puncture; median line fine, impressed, beginning at anterior pronotal quarter and ending in median puncture of basal impression; surface without visible microsculpture at 50 × magnification. + + +Elytra. +Oval, 1.4 times as long as wide, with broad margin, without humeral teeth, widest at middle; each elytron with eight striae and without scutellar strioles, striae I – +V +and +VIII +well visible, with deep punctures, striae +VI +and +VII +punctiform (formed only by punctures), stria I begins next to scutellum and passes along suture to apex where it is connected with similarly prolonged stria +VIII +, which sinuate subapically, striae II – +VII +begin in anterior tenth and end in apical third of elytra; apical striola long, bent and directed towards stria III; surface without visible microsculpture at 50 × magnification; humeral edge of the elytron passes humerus in form of short backward stria; each elytron with following setiferous punctures bearing long setae: large parascutellar puncture, four posthumeral umbilicate setiferous punctures, the first three at distance of their width, the fourth 1.5 times its diameter distant from third; one umbilicate puncture before apical third of elytral margin, two umbilicate puntures on elytral margin before apex; apical pore before half-length of apical striola at level of stria IV, two discal pores on inner edge of stria III, first in anterior third, second in posterior quarter. + + +Legs. +Profemora with four setae on dorsal side, two long setae on anterior margin of ventral side and two long setae in middle of ventral side; outer edges of frontal parts of protibiae obliquely arcuately cut, with three spines, one spine on anterior margin interiorly next to protarsomere I, one spine on anterior margin exteriorly next to protarsomere I and one bigger spine on interior margin of ventral side; protibiae on exterior margin of dorsal side and in ventral side with row of setae; first two protarsomeres in male slightly serrated and extended to sides, each protarsomere on dorsal ventral sides with two setae, protarsomere I 1.5 times as long as wide, protarsomeres II – IV as long as wide, protarsomere +V +3.0 times as long as wide, claw falcate. Mesofemora with some setae on anterior margins of dorsal and ventral sides; mesotibiae with rows of setae on dorsal and ventral sides; mesotibiae at apical margin with three spines, two spines interiorly next to mesotarsomere, first in dorsal side and second on ventral side, one spine exteriorly next to mesotarsomere in dorsal side; mesotarsomeres I and +V +3.0 times as long as wide, mesotarsomere II 1.5 times as long as wide, mesotarsomere III – IV as long as wide, all mesotarsomeres with two setae on dorsal and ventral sides, claw falcate; metafemora with some setae on anterior margins of dorsal and ventral sides; metatibiae with rows of setae on dorsal and ventral sides; metatibiae at apical margin with three spines, two spines interiorly next to metatarsomere, first in dorsal side and second on ventral side, one spine exteriorly next to metatarsomere in dorsal side; metatarsomere I 4.0 times longer as wide, metatarsomeres II – III 1.5 times as long as wide, metatarsomere IV as long as wide and metatarsomere +V +3.0 times as long as wide, all metatarsomeres with two setae on dorsal and ventral sides, claw falcate. + + +Ventral surface +(Fig. +2 D +). Mentum with deep incision on front edge, anterior margin on each side next to incision pointed, in centre of incision with small tooth, surface below incision on each side with one setiferous puncture; maxillary palpomeres I and II 2.5 times as long as wide, with tiny setae, maxillary palpomere III small and narrow, twice longer as wide and without setae; labial palpomere I narrow, 4.0 times as long as wide, without setae, labial palpomere II 1.5 times as long as wide, kidney shaped, with setae, labial palpomere III small and narrow, 3.0 times as long as wide and without setae; anterior part of gula laterally widened; anterior part of prosternum wide, tapering posteriorly, in middle with pore, prosternal projection rounded axe-shaped; procoxa rounded; procoxal trochanter 1.5 times as long as wide; mesosternum triangular; mesepisternum 1.5 times as long as wide; mesepimeron very narrow, attached laterally to mesepisternum, almost indistinct; mesocoxa rounded; mesotrochanter 2.0 times as long as wide, pointed at end; metepisternum wide, elongate triangular; metepimeron narrow, almost indistinct; metasternum diamond-shaped, in middle with two pores in fine grove; metacoxa horn-shaped; metatrochanter elongate rounded, 2.5 times as long as wide; abdomen with six visible ventrites, ventrite I narrow, widened from centre to sides, ventrites II – III fused, laterally with indistinct sutures, ventrites III – +V +with two setiferous punctures in middle, ventrite +VI +with four setiferous punctures in middle. + + +Aedeagus +(Fig. +2 E, F +). Length +0.396 mm +, evenly curved from base to apex in lateral view; superior margin with three shallow depressions and strong incision before apex; apex rounded and strongly sclerotized on underside; inferior margin slightly rounded, sclerotized along its entire length, internal structure not sclerotized; length of right paramere +0.223 mm +, more sclerotized at base, with two long setae at apex. + + +Female. +Length of gonocoxite +0.204 mm +, from base to middle of amphora shape, basal gonocoxite on ventral side with two long apical setae, and one medial seta, apical gonocoxite separates by abdominal collar from basal one, formed on ventral side with tooth-shaped, the anterior part sickle-shaped with three pores (Fig. +2 G +). + + +Bionomy. +The species lives on sandy gravel banks of streams, from lowlands to mountains. + + + + +Differential diagnosis. + + +In the East Mediterranean and the Near East, + +Tachyura +(s. str.) +ferrugata + +can be mixed with + +T. +(s. str.) +confusa +Coulon & Felix, 2011 + +, + +T. +(s. str.) +emerita +(Péringuey, 1898) + +, + +T. +(s. str.) +sinaitica +(Schatzmayr, 1936) + +, and + +T. +(s. str.) +thoracica +(Kolenati, 1845) + +. Therefore, we list differential characters that help to distinguish the above five species (Table +1 +). + + + + + + +Differential characters for species similar to + +Tachyura ferrugata + +. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
+Species ( +n += 10) +Body length (mm)Elytra length / width (mean)Dorsal striaePronotum width / length (mean)Pronotum shapeEye length / width (mean)
+ +T. ferrugata + +2.38–2.501.55Eight strongly punctured dorsal striae, striae I – V and VIII well visible, with deep punctures, striae VI and VII formed only by punctures1.56Narrowed to apex, lateral parts of posterior margin slightly sinuate, posterior angles, sharp1.67
+ +T. emerita + +1.83–2.081.51Eight punctured dorsal striae, striae I – IV, with punctures, striae V – VIII formed only by punctures1.94Slightly narrowed to apex, lateral parts of posterior margin little sinuate, posterior angles obtuse1.55
+ +T. thoracica + +2.00–2.451.57Five finely punctured dorsal striae1.37Narrowed to apex, posterior margin little sinuate, posterior angles obtuse1.43
+ +T. sinaitica + +2.00–2.231.65Five finely punctured dorsal striae1.33Narrowed to apex, lateral parts of posterior margin slightly sinuate, posterior angles, sharp2.00
+ +T. confusa + +1.88–2.051.59Four dorsal striae, striae III in middle well visible and finely punctate, striae IV formed only by fine punctures1.40Narrowed to apex, posterior margin not sinuate, posterior angles obtuse1.67
+ + + + +Distribution. + + +Syria +( +Kopecký 2009 +; present paper), +Turkey +( +Reitter 1895 +; +Sahlberg 1913 b +; +Jedlička 1968 +; +Kopecký 2009 +; present paper), +Yemen +( +Socotra Island +) ( +Kopecký 2009 +). The occurrence in +Greece +, reported in the first edition of Catalogue of Palaearctic + +Coleoptera ( +Kopecký 2003 +) + +, was based on erroneously determined specimens of + +Tachyura thoracica +( +Kopecký 2009 +) + +. However, the occurrence in +Greece +was erroneously repeated in the second edition ( +Kopecký 2017 +). + + + +Key to the identification of the East Mediterranean and the Near East species related to +<taxonomicName id="1855A1F7450448DE4868D775D2564EAF" baseAuthorityName="Reitter" baseAuthorityYear="1895" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Tachyura" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ferrugata"> +<emphasis id="3267C58B29A32F3D56D3B9F621296CDE" italics="true">Tachyura ferrugata</emphasis> +</taxonomicName> + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
1 (2)Each elytron with four striae, stria III well visible and finely punctate in middle, IV formed only by fine punctures. Pronotum narrowed to apex, posterior margin not sinuate, posterior angles obtuse. Eyes less prominent, mean ratio of eye length / width 1.67. Dorsal side shiny, dark yellow. Elytra without spots. Antennae and legs dark yellow. Body length 1.88–2.05 mm + + +T. confusa +Coulon & Felix, 2011 + + +
2 (1)Each elytron with more than four striae +3 +
3 (6)Each elytron with five striae +4 +
4 (5) +Eyes flat, mean ratio of eye length / width 2.00. Body slimmer than in + +T. thoracica + +. Posterior pronotal angles rectangular. Dorsal side rusty shiny, each elytron with indistinct apical and humeral pale rust spots, antennae rusty with antennomeres I, II and half of III dark yellow, legs dark yellow. Body length 2.00–2.23 mm + + + +T. sinaitica +(Schatzmayr, 1936) + + +
5 (4) +Eyes more prominent, mean ratio of eye length / width 1.43. Body more robust than in + +T. sinaitica + +. Posterior pronotal angles obtuse. Coloration of dorsal side very variable, usually brown or dark brown, in dark specimens each elytron usually with apical and humeral rusty spots, in lighter specimens with distinct extensive light rusty apical and humeral spots, sometimes light rusty spots fused into longitudinal band (number of dark specimens in population increases towards north and to higher altitudes), antennae dark rusty or brown, antennomeres I, II and half of III dark yellow or pale rusty, legs dark yellow or pale rusty. Body length 2.00–2.45 mm + + + +T. thoracica +(Kolenati, 1845) + + +
6 (3)Each elytron with eight striae +7 +
7 (8) +Elytral striae I – V and VIII well visible, with deep punctures, striae VI and VII formed only by punctures. Posterior pronotal angles rectangular. Eyes less prominent, mean ratio of eye length / width 1.67. Body slimmer than in + +T. emerita + +. Dorsal side rusty shiny; each elytron with indistinct apical and humeral pale rust spots, antennae rusty, antennomeres I, II and half of III pale rust, legs pale rusty. Body length 2.38–2.50 mm + + + +T. ferrugata +( +Reitter, 1895 +) + + +
8 (7) +Elytral striae I – IV with punctures, striae V – VIII formed only by punctures. Posterior pronotal angles obtuse. Eyes larger, more prominent, mean ratio of eye length / width 1.55. Body more robust than in + +T. ferrugata + +. Dorsal side dark yellow shiny, elytra without spots, antennae and legs dark yellow. Body length 1.83–2.08 mm + + + +T. emerita +(Péringuey, 1898) + + +
+ + + +The varieties described by Johan Reinhold Sahlberg in +<taxonomicName id="CD182ECEE9B3389925C8E6A68B9634D6" authorityName="Motschulsky" authorityYear="1862" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Tachyina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Tachyina</taxonomicName> + + + +Johan Reinhold +Sahlberg (1903 +, +1913 a +, +1913 b +) described altogether six varieties in +Tachyina +. During a careful reading of Sahlberg’s papers we found that four of these varieties represent unavailable infrasubspecific names since a subspecies concept was used in the same works, and according to available information, these names were not validated prior to 1985 ( +International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1999 +, Article 45.6.4.1). The type specimens and +one specimen +of each species from the former Johan Reinhold Sahlberg collection are deposited in the Finnish Museum of Natural History ( + +MZH + +) and the rest of his collection is deposited in the Zoological Museum of the University of Turku ( +Groll 2017 +). However, from the original material of the varieties described in +Tachyina +, we found only +one specimen +of + +Tachys +( +Tachyura +) +quadrisignatus var. caramanicus + +in + +MZH + +. + + + + + + +Tachys scutellaris var. flavicollis +J. R. +Sahlberg, 1903: 5 + + + + + + +An available name. A junior primary homonym of + +Tachys flavicollis +Motschulsky, 1862 + +. In catalogues it is usually listed as synonym of + +Tachys +( +Tachys +) +dimediatus dimediatus +Motschulsky, 1849 + +( +Kopecký 2003 +, +2017 +). + + + + + + +Tachys +( +Tachyta +) +parvulus var. coarctatus +J. R. +Sahlberg, 1903: 5 + + + + + + +An available name. Sahlberg was evidently considering whether to describe this taxon as a separate species (“ An species distincta? ”) but ultimately chose to describe it as a new variety. In catalogues it is usually listed as synonym of + +Tachyura +( +Tachyura +) +parvula +(Dejean, 1831) + +( +Csiki 1928 +; +Kopecký 2003 +, +2017 +). + + + + +Tachys +( +Tachyura +) +sexstriatus var. brunneicollis +J. R. Sahlberg, 1913 b: 19 + + + + +An unavailable infrasubspecific name since a subspecies concept was used in the same work and the name was not validated prior to 1985 ( +International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1999 +, Article 45.6.4.1). It was previously listed as synonym of + +Tachys euphratica +Reitter, 1885 + +( +Kopecký 2017 +). + + + + +Tachys +( +Tachyura +) +quadrisignatus var. caramanicus +J. R. Sahlberg, 1913 b: 18 + + + + +An unavailable infrasubspecific name since a subspecies concept was used in the same work and the name was not validated prior to 1985 ( +International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1999 +, Article 45.6.4.1). It was listed by +Kopecký (2017) +as a subspecies of + +Tachyura +( +Tachyura +) +quadrisignata +(Duftschmid, 1812) + +. + + + + +Tachys scutellaris var. obscurus +J. R. Sahlberg, 1913 a: 7 + + + + + + +Tachys scutellaris var. obscurus +J. R. Sahlberg, 1913 b: 19 + + + + +Sahlberg (1913 a +, +1913 b +) proposed the name +obscurus +twice for the specimens from different localities. If they were available names, they would be homonyms. Because the subspecies concept was used in both works and the names were not validated prior to 1985 ( +International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature 1999 +, Article 45.6.4.1), they are infrasubspecific and unavailable. The first name was previously listed as a synonym of + +Tachys centromaculatus +Wollaston, 1864 + +, and the second name as a homonym of + +T. scutellaris var. obscurus +J. R. Sahlberg, 1913 a + +( +Kopecký 2017 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file