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<document id="04B79AA941B3FB5B39878B0F09034225" ID-DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.254.139616" ID-publisher-id="139616" URI-arpha="C6217354-0197-505B-932F-BA94D4B9869A" XM.bibliography_approvedBy="admin" XM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="admin" XM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="admin" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1742580851015" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Wang, Yi-Fan, Guo, Zi-Rui, Landrein, Sven, Onyenedum, Joyce G. & Liao, Shuai" docDate="2025" docId="BF4BE46483E356B3B69C43EE657BCD93" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 254: 61-76" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 254" docSource="https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/139616/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.phytokeys" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.phytokeys" docTitle="Aristolochia zhuhaiensis Y. Fan Wang & Z. R. Guo 2025, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="76" masterDocId="C62173540197505B932FBA94D4B9869A" masterDocTitle="Aristolochia zhuhaiensis, a self-supporting new species of Aristolochiaceae from Guangdong, China and notes on Aristolochia thwaitesii" masterLastPageNumber="76" masterPageNumber="61" pageNumber="61" updateTime="1742830737088" updateUser="admin">
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<mods:titleInfo id="783C71C125D27EC81B3AE7A662B42632">
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<mods:title id="98C8707D7D717C50BD8A7D2C465FB4C8">Aristolochia zhuhaiensis, a self-supporting new species of Aristolochiaceae from Guangdong, China and notes on Aristolochia thwaitesii</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name id="0DB142A0DC22D712A9B3B240ECF3E91F" type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm id="E6164EEC8C445B6936825BD0FC1EF554">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="F6E156D1E260E2D119B2AEEFAF5BED4F">Wang, Yi-Fan</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="7ED308BCF9A0749EDDB25BFEC944F3F4" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1339-1856</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="A0CEE0D3AB84E218ECA346DFA5A4432E">Department of Environmental Studies, New York University, New York 10012, USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="F2C55856E6822E60E508689A13186F22">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="6D9C5B82A9200CA27E215B45528358E4">Guo, Zi-Rui</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="2E1978425689760281380DEB75DBDF15" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-1817-9827</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="CE8E3217C433CAADC86FF7FB4DDCC274">Suzhou Lianhelvyou Ecological Agriculture Development Co., LTD, Suzhou 215026, Jiangsu, China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:roleTerm id="A315D3A489C89B80EF4E1A0A6F5384CB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="777666C04B1AB47C17FB2411D991FA6C">Landrein, Sven</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="F784AC4153F588F68908DEE39F8D476D" type="ORCID">0000-0003-0028-2450</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="5E2D21882BF2EB124D6F77B97496EEF0">Kadoorie Farm and Botanic Garden (KFBG) Corporation, Hong Kong S. A. R., China</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:name id="A6EBCFFF70810F67EB20C10128165DFE" type="personal">
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="9E0ADD1C8A6AFC76148A5722F484EB80">Onyenedum, Joyce G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="C468493826FAB0DE574C1347FC5B7098" type="ORCID">0000-0002-1047-9807</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="1A9043804F2C3FC32C01BB7939B3172F">Department of Environmental Studies, New York University, New York 10012, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="32A99C1E0178D182AB9285357B70672D">Liao, Shuai</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="C706F4998BA10B5DCEC6321E4E706C23" type="ORCID">0000-0002-3876-8002</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="B6B375E1265E0B9BC8C954779C664C1D">South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, Guangdong, China</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="9333D45390B82EDAC4222ADE412DE40D">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="16A83CC0D96C5E8AF141256AE1B04228">
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<mods:title id="6C67145E560D06467F1605B161D92956">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="F8EE70463412FA3EEB31FFF7A7BA1D91">
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<mods:date id="60D586B138B374F9D2D78E6C62E73B29">2025</mods:date>
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<mods:detail id="54BEE6AE66C6DEBD7734861604BA117D" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="A172F8B24892E2899DCD0B73165122C6">2025-03-21</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail id="33153FC69E5A68440F8E50CA922A1193" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="BE4790E50F814F9310D3C6E2146944D1">254</mods:number>
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<mods:extent id="8E63869EEC64147BBA190008377D81BA" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="C4195DB7C8CD841616C1A4F9CFD3B9AF">61</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="A2C91A6F2EBF9C363594FA76E78740EF">76</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="FA7D87ACACE501BEE24394E917030BF7">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="DE6FF2BC716853F3833368B67AE32ECD" type="DOI">10.3897/phytokeys.254.139616</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="BF4BE46483E356B3B69C43EE657BCD93" ID-arpha="BF4BE464-83E3-56B3-B69C-43EE657BCD93" ID-ipni="urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77358999-1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BF4BE46483E356B3B69C43EE657BCD93" LSID-IPNI="urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77358999-1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BF4BE46483E356B3B69C43EE657BCD93" scope_family="Aristolochiaceae">
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<subSubSection id="54EE6B7B73D5C757EC30F0CFF7CF44DC" type="nomenclature">
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||||
<paragraph id="6630B9CAB5CFD68C7290B8C6035742B0">
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||||
<taxonomicName id="210A92B277B11D85CF8E6D2F464CDBF2" authority="Y. Fan Wang & Z. R. Guo" authorityName="Y. Fan Wang & Z. R. Guo" authorityYear="2025" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="zhuhaiensis" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="ADF95B0596BF7C8737E4F3A3E355A3E3" italics="true">Aristolochia zhuhaiensis</emphasis>
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||||
Y. Fan Wang & Z. R. Guo
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</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="B2C7BB94EF9F824CB31989AA4571441B" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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||||
</paragraph>
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||||
</subSubSection>
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||||
<subSubSection id="329F962281220ADFDFFB1A35206D44AB" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="D6F49B4FBB32079BD3A7F6F99322AA43">
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||||
<figureCitation id="BE8988ADD3F18E16322CA95319F68C9E" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Illustration of Aristolochia zhuhaiensis A habit in situ B inflorescence in early development C inflorescence D lateral view of the flower E longitudinal section of the flower F front view of the bud G, H front view of the flower, showing the adaxial side of the calyx limb covered with porcelain-white granular pustules I – J gynostemium, from female stage (I) to male stage (J) K leaves (adaxial), L. Leaves (abaxial). Images B – E, I were provided by Mr. Yiwen Jiang." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.254.139616.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1287981">Figs 1</figureCitation>
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||||
,
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<figureCitation id="80572B46B5E40640387A5E70D072C438" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Line drawing of Aristolochia zhuhaiensis by Ms. Yushan Cai A habit, showing a subshrubby growth form with basal inflorescences B roots fusiform or globose C, D front and lateral view of the flower E bud F bud sprouts in early development G, H gynostemium I adaxial side of the leaf J abaxial view of the leaf, pinnate venation." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.254.139616.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1287982">2</figureCitation>
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||||
,
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||||
<figureCitation id="F22687B2A20A85DB004BB30FC5F7BADB" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Holotype of Aristolochia zhuhaiensis Y. Fan Wang & Z. R. Guo (IBSC 1041409)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.254.139616.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1287983">3</figureCitation>
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||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EMCAE" type="material">
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||||
<paragraph id="3158C9127E72630D8A7F131B9E2D42F1">
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<heading id="0C658B64E39051127377A4A98D2FBE16" reason="title">Type.</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="262DC101FB4954AF1A03778BCF72C639">
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<materialsCitation id="6FBB8D5ED020AA55B3C990FD595C7218" collectedFrom="under forest in coastal hills" collectingDate="2024-02-16" collectionCode="IBSC" collectorName="Y. Fan Wang & Z. R. Guo" country="China" elevation="90" location="Doumen District" municipality="Zhuhai City" specimenCode="IBSC 1041409, IBSC 1041410, IBSC 1041411" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Guangdong Province" typeStatus="holotype">
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<collectingCountry id="4BDCD7454BB2518CA518917432265874" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
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. •
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<collectingRegion id="D533A6FC581BD5161800D97CD09E31B0" country="China" name="Guangdong">Guangdong Province</collectingRegion>
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:
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<collectingMunicipality id="AE240015C9F287E53797B3E8BE38E235">Zhuhai City</collectingMunicipality>
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,
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<location id="06ECF086849FDCDB6C0934B4F1316E50" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BF4BE46483E356B3B69C43EE657BCD93:06ECF086849FDCDB6C0934B4F1316E50" country="China" municipality="Zhuhai City" name="Doumen District" stateProvince="Guangdong Province">Doumen District</location>
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,
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<collectedFrom id="3EB6831EFC9BD82D51A74AD4A25F2526">under forest in coastal hills</collectedFrom>
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,
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<elevation id="9DBA5EAFCA846D1F6D92035635C670A7" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" unit="m" value="90.0">
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elevation
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<quantity id="29C57A018F27D1CEBF2CA129C8D0EE9B" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" unit="m" value="90.0">90 m</quantity>
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</elevation>
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,
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<date id="D8B0779A8F48B4D49DB836583413672C" value="2024-02-16">
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<collectingDate id="46763779EB9604AF6A7B74EDB16A5095" value="2024-02-16">16 Feb 2024</collectingDate>
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</date>
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,
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<collectorName id="D996253D92249E3EFA185544CD0534D5">Y. Fan Wang</collectorName>
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&
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<collectorName id="EBF35C1EEBD3C16687C1354EB39142E7">Z. R. Guo</collectorName>
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<emphasis id="8E29E829656F66A0965130BDB0C8BC44" italics="true">yw 00036</emphasis>
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(
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<typeStatus id="6E43315252ABF7F42674EEA7069D5235" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
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:
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<specimenCode id="1707A3660EC9E2F4288383E0F194A509" collectionCode="IBSC" country="China" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15606" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15606" name="South China Botanical Garden" type="Herbarium">IBSC 1041409</specimenCode>
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!;
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<typeStatus id="4540C47DCFCFFFBEE8A5D357FE26040F" type="isotype">isotypes</typeStatus>
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:
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<specimenCode id="6A5DCCEC09D626D38D010A2F67F62CF3" collectionCode="IBSC" country="China" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15606" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15606" name="South China Botanical Garden" type="Herbarium">IBSC 1041410</specimenCode>
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!,
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<specimenCode id="1034822012DF50A421803023DB8D1E78" collectionCode="IBSC" country="China" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15606" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15606" name="South China Botanical Garden" type="Herbarium">IBSC 1041411</specimenCode>
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!)
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</materialsCitation>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="SECID0EUCAE" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="EF5A62A6F663598821073A39B9350F24">
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<heading id="028C25EA34483F0BD38B249441412A81" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="577313762A92E67C631C5853F89626C7">
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<taxonomicName id="135C143777B30CF8FC1458AB504D4082" authorityName="Y. Fan Wang & Z. R. Guo" authorityYear="2025" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="zhuhaiensis">
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<emphasis id="08BBC9B8D0BE3DE8F191874B621075E7" italics="true">Aristolochia zhuhaiensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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shares morphological similarities with
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<taxonomicName id="BD131BA7973D38D76C5D3D267A46B50F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thwaitesii">
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<emphasis id="ED2B0BCFD0F716D225C3302BCEA469E8" italics="true">A. thwaitesii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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, both of which are distributed in neighboring regions and represent the only two known self-supporting, non-twining
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<taxonomicName id="E711F60263161E564968B3A0F59657A1" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Siphisia">
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<emphasis id="E6840D81925FE75856A8FBF0941DC52E" italics="true">Aristolochia subg. Siphisia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species in Asia. In terms of vegetative characteristics, these two congeners are highly similar; however, they can be readily distinguished by their markedly different floral morphologies.
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<taxonomicName id="2C8DE041CB38D280831B516E98077685" authorityName="Y. Fan Wang & Z. R. Guo" authorityYear="2025" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="zhuhaiensis">
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<emphasis id="36CEAAF6BF2B6F24FD2A4AAA26D78098" italics="true">Aristolochia zhuhaiensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is characterized by a campaniform-infundibuliform calyx limb densely covered with porcelain-white granular pustules. It also features a conspicuous platform-shaped area beneath the perianth throat, which is white, glabrous, waxy, and slightly elevated upward. In contrast,
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<taxonomicName id="B849F2F8ECCBC154D012E1D82D765D44" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thwaitesii">
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<emphasis id="46416BF49E8BEC070CC4BFA137D3A2B8" italics="true">A. thwaitesii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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possesses an elongated, concave tubular calyx limb with an adaxial surface that transitions from purple to pale yellow or white towards the apex. This species is entirely covered with recurved fleshy prickles and lacks the distinctive platform structure found in the calyx of
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<taxonomicName id="4B5DF5714D71D980FB0A02C97CB41A32" authorityName="Y. Fan Wang & Z. R. Guo" authorityYear="2025" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="zhuhaiensis">
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<emphasis id="37A1C9E7B2DC25AE8A56CFDA757DB0DD" italics="true">A. zhuhaiensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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. Detailed morphological comparisons between the new species and
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<taxonomicName id="BE697345F6C578E5B8CCC77EF1E05640" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thwaitesii">
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<emphasis id="E5008ABF3DF90013A7EDE2A8C96F7F53" italics="true">A. thwaitesii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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are shown in Figs
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<figureCitation id="EF739D4B507AC46A1EB9071C664FD48C" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Comparison of the floral morphology of Aristolochia zhuhaiensis and A. thwaitesii A – D A. zhuhaiensis A front view of the flower B longitudinal section of the flower C porcelain-white granular pustules on adaxial calyx limb D gynostemium, stigma apex slightly hooked inward E – H A. thwaitesii E front view of the flower F longitudinal section of the flower G recurved purple fleshy prickles on adaxial calyx limb H gynostemium with stigma apex not curved." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.254.139616.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1287984">4</figureCitation>
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,
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<figureCitation id="B028D5C5445B027B9CF4C06B911724E9" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Comparison of the vegetative morphology of Aristolochia zhuhaiensis and A. thwaitesii A – C A. thwaitesii A adaxial (bottom right) and abaxial (top left) side of the leaf B petiole and stem C habit in situ D – F A. zhuhaiensis D adaxial (top left) and abaxial (bottom right) side of the leaf E petiole, nodes and stem F habit in situ." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.254.139616.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1287985">5</figureCitation>
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and Table
|
||||
<tableCitation id="70DF1B50132DA1665A3AA851490DB0EB" captionStart="Table 1" captionStartId="T1" captionText="Table 1. Morphological comparison and distribution range of Aristolochia zhuhaiensis and A. thwaitesii." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/57BC0829FDB8EFE0A93E45FAA5303DF7" tableUuid="57BC0829FDB8EFE0A93E45FAA5303DF7">1</tableCitation>
|
||||
.
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||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="E71BF0764540487C274CB164139ACD23" ID-DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.254.139616.figure1" ID-arpha="3086208F-9122-537F-876D-CCCEFFADE698" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1287981" startId="F1">
|
||||
<paragraph id="158DD230FBF06935D6B8C40DDCF00505">
|
||||
<label id="5F447F1DC9A347B596C4F598E0C400F1">Figure 1.</label>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="9881F23146EB861297F290728BD86484">
|
||||
Illustration of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="099CD914B28FC7476D97F3E81B5E5986" authorityName="Y. Fan Wang & Z. R. Guo" authorityYear="2025" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="zhuhaiensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="AB025AB02812FB9A082A68DC381DA14C" italics="true">Aristolochia zhuhaiensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="F9BF3004A6D69D5F2F93E5E34FA72AC3" bold="true">A</emphasis>
|
||||
habit in situ
|
||||
<emphasis id="785721500BFDB18C622CDD91E8541E88" bold="true">B</emphasis>
|
||||
inflorescence in early development
|
||||
<emphasis id="4D21D672F806930683A7A86C4CCB9B2C" bold="true">C</emphasis>
|
||||
inflorescence
|
||||
<emphasis id="2A9E6567039117B0B157679414257F75" bold="true">D</emphasis>
|
||||
lateral view of the flower
|
||||
<emphasis id="9C997B7B8448CC7C374C604B088E6FC9" bold="true">E</emphasis>
|
||||
longitudinal section of the flower
|
||||
<emphasis id="2B7541225E1BFD8253708C143463D488" bold="true">F</emphasis>
|
||||
front view of the bud
|
||||
<emphasis id="0525CBBB35DB6F64DFAB762E8628A68A" bold="true">G</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="2969520E557D56C81CB53B04C0C90235" bold="true">H</emphasis>
|
||||
front view of the flower, showing the adaxial side of the calyx limb covered with porcelain-white granular pustules
|
||||
<emphasis id="9C5E5F0D41FCCB4C33E451D973DD4040" bold="true">I</emphasis>
|
||||
–
|
||||
<emphasis id="8470C1CFB7606EF4A9AAB6765A2B1040" bold="true">J</emphasis>
|
||||
gynostemium, from female stage (
|
||||
<emphasis id="5B1EFC76D3BA8B9995CD7AFAF9950A4B" bold="true">I</emphasis>
|
||||
) to male stage (
|
||||
<emphasis id="A7728AABC508D242AAAEE5505469CE39" bold="true">J</emphasis>
|
||||
)
|
||||
<emphasis id="2807D94695136594E2746D56F8192D84" bold="true">K</emphasis>
|
||||
leaves (adaxial),
|
||||
<emphasis id="6B2FC02954A309F40A1DB50312154323" bold="true">L</emphasis>
|
||||
. Leaves (abaxial). Images
|
||||
<emphasis id="C1F601FAF8313A21C296A5537250EFEE" bold="true">B</emphasis>
|
||||
–
|
||||
<emphasis id="4ED820E595DEA7C57F0185C578EBE76D" bold="true">E</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="8E962589D7625540DCF628D40DB41A13" bold="true">I</emphasis>
|
||||
were provided by Mr. Yiwen Jiang.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="25AAD6CD63506728ADA27627CFE54E22" ID-DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.254.139616.figure2" ID-arpha="8C0F4D2C-9075-5CF8-97B4-301C001BA4A8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1287982" startId="F2">
|
||||
<paragraph id="968F902E1426EC02F7782F44DBA453F1">
|
||||
<label id="2EAF5499C051211C36B05DD6DA64A3FA">Figure 2.</label>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="31FB820D2E3969A37FD4B66CA6B3DAE2">
|
||||
Line drawing of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B22CEABBA3F6312D8428CC3A221989BD" authorityName="Y. Fan Wang & Z. R. Guo" authorityYear="2025" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="zhuhaiensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="7D4C7FC21A9DAE416A7A5ADFAED010FD" italics="true">Aristolochia zhuhaiensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by Ms. Yushan Cai
|
||||
<emphasis id="89F632785D22D9C3B507383E6C10C447" bold="true">A</emphasis>
|
||||
habit, showing a subshrubby growth form with basal inflorescences
|
||||
<emphasis id="257A540D9EA10D8D02C9FD27ADDB7072" bold="true">B</emphasis>
|
||||
roots fusiform or globose
|
||||
<emphasis id="266F2FFAA79B30790C1A91B2E99AAC24" bold="true">C</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="DB2BD4B6B5F0F724376ECB14279CCE02" bold="true">D</emphasis>
|
||||
front and lateral view of the flower
|
||||
<emphasis id="032018212800648631218C20CFF3092C" bold="true">E</emphasis>
|
||||
bud
|
||||
<emphasis id="CEADB515D51EBC9F243887C1E76957E4" bold="true">F</emphasis>
|
||||
bud sprouts in early development
|
||||
<emphasis id="34DE939653D89498F5BFCD8660BE3519" bold="true">G</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="11F1AD84E7F4786E35524AD16BCDDDB6" bold="true">H</emphasis>
|
||||
gynostemium
|
||||
<emphasis id="858CE53EECD8F4A5EBF216FFB7A24E6C" bold="true">I</emphasis>
|
||||
adaxial side of the leaf
|
||||
<emphasis id="29FA6AC2A8258E096DFE8B166FF7AD47" bold="true">J</emphasis>
|
||||
abaxial view of the leaf, pinnate venation.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="821EDCC4F149A2AAEE4887BD2B8563CD" ID-DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.254.139616.figure3" ID-arpha="CC0A6927-3C52-50B2-A34E-B3303D9B40CD" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1287983" startId="F3">
|
||||
<paragraph id="0F08F547953ECF4D7BEDA27985F769AC">
|
||||
<label id="6840E000866A17B041A1FBA632B214B0">Figure 3.</label>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="3000B82385F3208087AD754D5E531A9E">
|
||||
Holotype of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FA526A8B47447AB93B79D04000561BAE" authority="Y. Fan Wang & Z. R. Guo" authorityName="Y. Fan Wang & Z. R. Guo" authorityYear="2025" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="zhuhaiensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="09C510AB738AAAD368AA37FFCD7966F9" italics="true">Aristolochia zhuhaiensis</emphasis>
|
||||
Y. Fan Wang & Z. R. Guo
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<specimenCode id="53A6B98874BEFBC83525073977449AD2">
|
||||
<named-content id="323AC309A3CFAAC9EA4FBA0088935744" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/south-china-botanical-garden" xlink_title="Herbarium of the South China Botanical Garden">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="398A9F5B5E06D33A8EFF3B521A241583">IBSC</collectionCode>
|
||||
</named-content>
|
||||
1041409
|
||||
</specimenCode>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="A54E3FD034E629175F264F62A6BB1E0E" ID-DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.254.139616.figure4" ID-arpha="B5572B82-3E46-56E0-B0D7-63C7D20DC123" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1287984" startId="F4">
|
||||
<paragraph id="C3DA432AA89221DB34A01BD33F24AA4E">
|
||||
<label id="D24A42A7C694E868D0851CE034CBC2D0">Figure 4.</label>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="17B18B40F57CE03371233C5662C0FD66">
|
||||
Comparison of the floral morphology of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EC5C34DB7B4CE50B895AB29D5AA8B8D8" authorityName="Y. Fan Wang & Z. R. Guo" authorityYear="2025" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="zhuhaiensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E2E4FF6D4538DDCA2CD633260ABF4209" italics="true">Aristolochia zhuhaiensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="ACF9C3E12C12E0F1C9482F324FC45B86" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thwaitesii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CB615F975D72CF0A58E11C085D43A25D" italics="true">A. thwaitesii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="0ECC1A3D82C34BF51A8FDB2E66E3C909" bold="true">A</emphasis>
|
||||
–
|
||||
<emphasis id="1F527AE876D9B14C9415492D8AD6F327" bold="true">D</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0826B25E2F009F1A5A48B807554F0E8F" authorityName="Y. Fan Wang & Z. R. Guo" authorityYear="2025" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="zhuhaiensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6D4F795B6CB782DAEDFAD172C7ACCA46" italics="true">A. zhuhaiensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="5B97F5909F25AA644E934380416DAB8E" bold="true">A</emphasis>
|
||||
front view of the flower
|
||||
<emphasis id="9319BE7DB04DE76562B97021B043C284" bold="true">B</emphasis>
|
||||
longitudinal section of the flower
|
||||
<emphasis id="C6388094F3EECEF551B879C5CCB57D17" bold="true">C</emphasis>
|
||||
porcelain-white granular pustules on adaxial calyx limb
|
||||
<emphasis id="201CC00A3584E59F79B1CC937848E4AE" bold="true">D</emphasis>
|
||||
gynostemium, stigma apex slightly hooked inward
|
||||
<emphasis id="36A3AEB15ED41B938E7F966295B7DE35" bold="true">E – H</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="9CE8FBDCE859809BEBBEFB5340526342" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thwaitesii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="0301DD620AAE49883FCF89A783A8976F" italics="true">A. thwaitesii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="3317F51BE97497F568628EF668FBEF98" bold="true">E</emphasis>
|
||||
front view of the flower
|
||||
<emphasis id="C94FED4BE733B8AB9189FFFE51120C11" bold="true">F</emphasis>
|
||||
longitudinal section of the flower
|
||||
<emphasis id="37B9390C8A8C06428D9FEBEE759649B6" bold="true">G</emphasis>
|
||||
recurved purple fleshy prickles on adaxial calyx limb
|
||||
<emphasis id="350E453524CAD175A2D3242B441D7037" bold="true">H</emphasis>
|
||||
gynostemium with stigma apex not curved.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="C5D0CF0F55F1D466BF7009EDA01104A4" ID-DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.254.139616.figure5" ID-arpha="5D97DBE1-5FAD-5324-A1A6-D40DB4CBBFDD" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1287985" startId="F5">
|
||||
<paragraph id="C5D8151EA95986802BE33C625F8A7110">
|
||||
<label id="17922412DC0494DFEDA1A5B9E1AB355E">Figure 5.</label>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="BC9D19C71440F23FB4F2B1FB4100E3D2">
|
||||
Comparison of the vegetative morphology of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="78BB583FE2DEC51C77FA5188597F4289" authorityName="Y. Fan Wang & Z. R. Guo" authorityYear="2025" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="zhuhaiensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="221589B44CA20E265BA6DEF7B7173AAE" italics="true">Aristolochia zhuhaiensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FDD1CF0267D5C09BC03B83C1DCFB6C1A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thwaitesii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A76DC885E553EE64970861728A549D1C" italics="true">A. thwaitesii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="78077E26D963E6CD81DA610BFA8233E8" bold="true">A</emphasis>
|
||||
–
|
||||
<emphasis id="1BADC4AC54B6E8D4A145CDC58A7212A9" bold="true">C</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="92D63235B45300E336D23395501E725F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thwaitesii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4C0BE78C9647A2DDC444851DF6FA98A5" italics="true">A. thwaitesii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="961533C12087FFFDDF12DD1BD45A76E0" bold="true">A</emphasis>
|
||||
adaxial (bottom right) and abaxial (top left) side of the leaf
|
||||
<emphasis id="E8A173EE4A1E5BF6395AEA0B180DDB1E" bold="true">B</emphasis>
|
||||
petiole and stem
|
||||
<emphasis id="20747F148D85F8F45593B03B81396171" bold="true">C</emphasis>
|
||||
habit in situ
|
||||
<emphasis id="5719A6C240E9B7F7A5D5B49EA116E900" bold="true">D</emphasis>
|
||||
–
|
||||
<emphasis id="14DA63084E46EB7552B3BE7E8C49D439" bold="true">F</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0568A8B94042A6D59EE48DFA8C228F1D" authorityName="Y. Fan Wang & Z. R. Guo" authorityYear="2025" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="zhuhaiensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="2EA48E878E61A00F300CE0DE71A88088" italics="true">A. zhuhaiensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="E085519BCAD315F1ED212B95DAE22910" bold="true">D</emphasis>
|
||||
adaxial (top left) and abaxial (bottom right) side of the leaf
|
||||
<emphasis id="22211B254BE36DACA3517404A71584EC" bold="true">E</emphasis>
|
||||
petiole, nodes and stem
|
||||
<emphasis id="56DBEE11FE28EABF7DA1759BB9DED534" bold="true">F</emphasis>
|
||||
habit in situ.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="57BC0829FDB8EFE0A93E45FAA5303DF7" ID-Table-UUID="57BC0829FDB8EFE0A93E45FAA5303DF7" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/57BC0829FDB8EFE0A93E45FAA5303DF7" startId="T1" targetIsTable="true">
|
||||
<paragraph id="37F8F5DE52606A0CF2DF73D50824AACB">
|
||||
<label id="6299D74A7C43DADF5FD8B2C43F1DF8C9">Table 1.</label>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="DD6A379389505DB4CCB0500139E4BCCC">
|
||||
Morphological comparison and distribution range of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="C82E31572F83D656A9EA2628B3396251" authorityName="Y. Fan Wang & Z. R. Guo" authorityYear="2025" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="zhuhaiensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="37F30CBE0A4E6A0BC93D27C4FCB3EFAD" italics="true">Aristolochia zhuhaiensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="63CF3B94513BFA3A44CBB9FD803F016C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thwaitesii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="2F94EA7B4555678AF60D9DA4AA626E8E" italics="true">A. thwaitesii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="402C631D787052D9DD3DD93EAAA15A41">
|
||||
<table id="TID0E54AG" rules="all">
|
||||
<tbody id="54652E3741FD697EF49E75E1C204B186">
|
||||
<tr id="1104C7F8D8328ABB315334B7B40A88B7">
|
||||
<th id="56A05E461FBEF302D8E726A9F3EE5176" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Characters</th>
|
||||
<emphasis id="EBB2D35BE791F5CF9D11D4C542D757F0" italics="true">
|
||||
<th id="E3BA4A60AED6BC428C67AD7FA5B9DF30" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F50F780AEA7CB24B76225382D520FC2F" authorityName="Y. Fan Wang & Z. R. Guo" authorityYear="2025" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="zhuhaiensis">Aristolochia zhuhaiensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th id="E70B2FFE03C9CF26CA95E2A5328DC14D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="1518A2D2F484AECBE1460BBBC46CE19E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thwaitesii">Aristolochia thwaitesii</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="055358C399200C739209F96D32C6B4C0">
|
||||
<td id="B811109253A1DBB4A56A8FB1435F1B6F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A48E7FBD63BF633574EA4588136E6C11" bold="true">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td id="4F285F980B43C3185CC3B7967B97EEC8" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Zhuhai, Guangdong, China</td>
|
||||
<td id="96D46C16CECE8CDD7ACF8ED0F82F0E14" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Hong Kong SAR, China</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="4688124D5791D8488BEE8FA7F259AF4D">
|
||||
<td id="E97FA64BD459028C7CE4ADA1A3B880AB" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="3E6558C5DBA089B6F8AD9890A806843E" bold="true">Habit</emphasis>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td id="FD023B6ED9BCC97703E39BE32C23D11D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Erect subshrub</td>
|
||||
<td id="64989E4B2656BCD8838751998DF9E388" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Erect subshrub</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<emphasis id="7ECACD29FC1265EC5D82D0659D1A84FE" bold="true">
|
||||
<tr id="87E4E301A9F4EB0E23CFA9045410F038">
|
||||
<td id="31503677461ECEC5E4AD8028B37BA3A6" colspan="3" rowspan="1">Leaf</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="276B537BF41FD49CC55603669CE5F43A">
|
||||
<td id="C26DE04E956E47197D8C47A8189BB873" colspan="1" rowspan="1">shape</td>
|
||||
<td id="3BD6C42968B7BACD917D4954A778E0CA" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Spathulate, narrowly oblanceolate, or lanceolate, with an apex acute to acuminate</td>
|
||||
<td id="F9BBB9CE45DC5D0FD98C0A53246D57D8" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Spathulate, narrowly oblanceolate, or oblong-oblanceolate, with an apex acuminate to obtuse</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<tr id="C5618D8076BDFE73EE85BD2BCE84577A">
|
||||
<td id="4531F90572D5EA6E164B9AB49D1A0398" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9C304038FB255EAA02DB62B4C0A35560" bold="true">size</emphasis>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td id="39C66D9EAEB6237077314C7F7DE57F0B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">12–16 × 2–2.5 cm</td>
|
||||
<td id="B8A5812757F9851CC91ECAF054A63E93" colspan="1" rowspan="1">10–15 × 2.5–3 cm</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="4D05DB5FC7B4A23FB72F99B9E78DEAE7">
|
||||
<td id="7FE0CA2376916AC3EFF65912FEEEBC1E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C9C3AFD25E9DCAF4764372EA77AA987C" bold="true">pubescence (adaxial side)</emphasis>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td id="21786FFD67BBBBB7506FEAF75A5DB774" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Almost glabrous to subglabrous adaxially, densely brown-villous abaxially</td>
|
||||
<td id="84B02963ACC100A72C1DEF8921B42A62" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Subglabrous adaxially, densely brown-villous abaxially</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="0C72325E816411EBD141FC520245B4FB">
|
||||
<td id="297C95AE70CAA6F9CEE2D05DBBE91341" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="2ACF416DB0BC76251BD3C91A1386ADC4" bold="true">venation</emphasis>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td id="25C8C1F21A59CC58012DDF1754795532" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Pinnate, 10–12 secondary veins each side</td>
|
||||
<td id="BEC8CDF5697EC34CEB35CE961F5C89C9" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Pinnate, 10–12 secondary veins each side</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<emphasis id="F88262DB14164D82026D5870E2686E66" bold="true">
|
||||
<tr id="86D8C9CF06CCDF954CCD5F071E7270D8">
|
||||
<td id="4970ACBB8FE2580C4C8332A9724B8E04" colspan="3" rowspan="1">Inflorescence</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="DFF544A45837F9C49DA2D2929251947F">
|
||||
<td id="B39A8E0F4ED5F4FC05963B0BD911D318" colspan="1" rowspan="1">inflorescence</td>
|
||||
<td id="801655058A0E974C14A9B70855A530DF" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Basal inflorescence; flowers in dense fascicles; fascicles with variable flower count</td>
|
||||
<td id="A24388AB71AA94187264CD1F10DAFD14" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Basal inflorescence; flowers in dense fascicles; fascicles with variable flower count</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<tr id="F4B1660DE2DF77747EE28E7399C1E09D">
|
||||
<td id="3D105894E386A02EE49ED50EE4815ABC" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="67BCC071450834C16093F45DB82C064F" bold="true">flower count</emphasis>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td id="6AC970C3589C7AE9CF6440AF9F50AF88" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Solitary to 20 flowers</td>
|
||||
<td id="50132CD9C5E4D3DD370DC391E17531DA" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Solitary to 30–40 flowers</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<emphasis id="8AC859D2065D716A9370BA6CE1F09AA0" bold="true">
|
||||
<tr id="21D1FAA6A17A60E416DB934ECF42885E">
|
||||
<td id="DC0D9CA1DD9D34BF3D02DD93B7464992" colspan="3" rowspan="1">Perianth</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="83AFBA68F415592F2332A4A645EFD6CA">
|
||||
<td id="9ED1CBD857253A246BDB4672799D6C32" colspan="1" rowspan="1">calyx utricle (adaxial side)</td>
|
||||
<td id="A5BDDB446DAC1217894038400F79C275" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Campanulate, 0.9–1.2 × 0.8–1.0 cm; dark purplish, arachnoid white villous</td>
|
||||
<td id="59D96D724E157C9499D608C013C69701" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Cylindric to spherical, 0.8–1.0 × 0.6–0.8 cm; dark purplish, arachnoid white villous</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<tr id="954D4C6C40D658D3F6A87A3E282BED77">
|
||||
<td id="C9B9C688D85E7E2322106830E5CE17E0" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="D119CDDD8826950303233D2103BCE461" bold="true">calyx tube (adaxial side, U – G – T: utricle to geniculation to throat)</emphasis>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td id="C5BA179B44D5235B6CE90CEB9DE5BAC0" colspan="1" rowspan="1">U – G: 2.5–3.5 cm, light purplish with dark veins, subglabrous; G – T: 2.5–3.0 cm, dark purple, glabrous, velvety</td>
|
||||
<td id="CB53DDFD00B4E2E4057C01FEBC6AB6E3" colspan="1" rowspan="1">U – G: 1.8–2.8 cm, purplish with white patches, subglabrous, slightly ridged with veins; G – T: 2.0–2.5 cm, dark purple to almost black, glabrous, velvety</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="A9B2E08707B04AF6158CA4C7F9698498">
|
||||
<td id="7B78C83FCE5D2FC9F7BD2FDAF604B5C6" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C2CB148C8CEE3C1E04C579F7C0FEFDE8" bold="true">calyx limb (adaxial side)</emphasis>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td id="E920913D4857ABCDF5BC67E04C50625E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Calyx limb 3.0–4.0 cm long, 4.5–5.5 cm in diameter, flaring to campaniform-infundibuliform; densely covered with porcelain-white granular pustules; beneath the throat forms a glabrous and unarmed raised platform</td>
|
||||
<td id="637E0C52C0F1761F30BFFB41B198E782" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Calyx limb elongate to concave tubular shape, 3.5–4.0 cm long, 2.0–2.5 cm in diameter; fully covered with recurved fleshy prickles; Calyx margin white to pale yellow, 3 dentate; dark purple inside tubular calyx limb without any platform-like Structure</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="54390D7739961A2AE37D93015B3E0B53">
|
||||
<td id="77CEAD0ACE81D7A4FD66452709A8D97B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="DED6C9779585F33662A2D4B00BDCB5C2" bold="true">calyx throat</emphasis>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td id="6A49E48D46E07764580D359F7EE1433E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Throat ca. 6–9 mm in diameter; purple, cordate-shaped</td>
|
||||
<td id="E8B53CD92E805EF0AC8D8E97D5C28A18" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Throat ca. 5–8 mm in diameter, purple to black; elliptic-shaped</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="D7E7F1B13A402BF3100C03A1AD6B48EB">
|
||||
<td id="8F1B46F9B14C64A32E19758FCB048FE3" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C6D0422FD87E07AD46FA3CA183D31A95" bold="true">Gynostemium</emphasis>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td id="7B5DE0444ECA56FCCC0870A859528792" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Lobe apex hooked inward</td>
|
||||
<td id="7AD1DBB626481B9CBC144591A9D4C000" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Lobe apex obtuse</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</tbody>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EXWAE" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="ED16172F906A665F1B8390F2B34B2682">
|
||||
<heading id="03EED235CF22B4F4810D3F8EEF5DEC13" reason="title">Description.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="1954098C6EC4F80E3232F4C00031AC04">
|
||||
Erect subshrub. Roots fusiform or globose. Stems terete, densely rusty villous, becoming glabrous when lignified. Leaf blades spathulate, narrowly oblanceolate, or lanceolate, with an apex acute to acuminate, 12–16 ×
|
||||
<quantity id="BA635346FCAFF3F0AF8E927CCC9B3236" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.0" unit="cm" value="3.25" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="3.0">3–3.5 cm</quantity>
|
||||
. Almost glabrous to subglabrous adaxially, densely brown-villous abaxially. Venation pinnate, with 10–12 secondary veins on each side, leaves papery; petiole approximately 0.6–1.0 cm long, densely rusty villous. Basal inflorescence, fasciculate; flower count varies significantly depending on plant nutrient status, ranging from solitary to up to 20. Pedicels approximately
|
||||
<quantity id="E4A7D193ED99291CC6A842EE44EDAF99" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="cm" value="1.1" valueMax="1.2" valueMin="1.0">1–1.2 cm</quantity>
|
||||
long, initially erect, then pendulous, densely rusty villous. Bracteole 1, lanceolate, 1–2 ×
|
||||
<quantity id="D9C57465B16D544518E18DE2DEF6A6E9" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" unit="mm" value="0.45" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.4">0.4–0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
, densely rusty villous on both sides, sessile. Perianth zygomorphic, densely covered with grey indumentum abaxially, campanulate, 0.9–1.2 × 0.8–1.0 cm; dark purplish, arachnoid white villous. Calyx tube geniculately curved, yellowish to brownish abaxially; utricle to geniculation:
|
||||
<quantity id="A6FC63ED453EBBBA182FD435F7C0A4D0" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.5" unit="cm" value="3.0" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="2.5">2.5–3.5 cm</quantity>
|
||||
, light purplish with dark veins, subglabrous adaxially; geniculation to throat: 2.5–3.0 cm, dark purple, glabrous, velvety adaxially. Calyx limb 3.0–4.0 cm long,
|
||||
<quantity id="31F36921636DD69B953F9AE500C3646C" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="4.5" unit="cm" value="5.0" valueMax="5.5" valueMin="4.5">4.5–5.5 cm</quantity>
|
||||
in diameter, flaring to campaniform-infundibuliform, densely covered with porcelain-white granular pustules; beneath the throat forms a glabrous and flat area that lies on the soil, waxy; abaxial side of calyx limb brownish to yellowish, villous with ridged veins. Apex of the calyx limb 3 - dentate; when the flower is near withering, the calyx apex rolls outward. Throat approximately
|
||||
<quantity id="76BFAF79A6B97CCD9218BD5CEE37D559" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="6.0" unit="mm" value="7.5" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="6.0">6–9 mm</quantity>
|
||||
in diameter, purple, cordate-shaped. Stamens
|
||||
<quantity id="CA7F36AEFE69FAB07E8C7A35D8D19C85" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" unit="in" value="6.0">6 in</quantity>
|
||||
one series, fully adnate in 3 pairs to the style column to form a gynostemium, opposite the stigma lobes; anthers oblong, approximately 2.0–3.0 mm long, extrorse. Gynostemium approximately
|
||||
<quantity id="737B7465D561FAAFBA5A02395480870B" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.75" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.5" unit="mm" value="4.75" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.5">4.5–5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long,
|
||||
<quantity id="1B1E966C5EA75ED9AE3A9F6D11098E5E" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4–5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
in diameter, fleshy; lobes 3, hooked inward at the apex; margin crenate-rugose. Ovary inferior, cylindric,
|
||||
<quantity id="D6AF423226404AB3AA053E866BA677BE" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="6.0" unit="mm" value="7.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="6.0">6–8 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long,
|
||||
<quantity id="3B5FAB738EEC0E5B5EEB0A7ECF583B9F" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 mm</quantity>
|
||||
in diameter, densely rusty villous abaxially.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0E3WAE" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="81DC3B463646B4D0E7DA9D5705697A3A">
|
||||
<heading id="74FD20CF973771DBF3DC9D872798A8CD" reason="title">Distribution and habitat.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="2AF0698C28CC0342F58EB3E09386BCDB">
|
||||
The new species has been discovered exclusively in Zhuhai City,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="108D4BB43DE7053314A101D54D110180" country="China" name="Guangdong">Guangdong Province</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="D147551348F5235B0B84E2426D39C3DE" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E9A8DDA8233C1B93ECCA76DDC508B285" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Distribution map of Aristolochia zhuhaiensis Y. Fan Wang & Z. R. Guo, sp. nov., highlighting its geographically close yet isolated distribution, with A. thwaitesii primarily found in Hong Kong SAR and A. zhuhaiensis observed in Zhuhai City." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.254.139616.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1287986">6</figureCitation>
|
||||
). It is typically found near creeks within forests on coastal hill slopes, at elevations ranging from 50 to 100 meters. To date, three populations have been identified, all situated in the southern region of Zhuhai City: two within Doumen District and one in Jinwan District, each in proximity to the coastal areas. This species commonly occurs near water sources such as creeks and mountain streams, usually thriving under dense canopy cover. Associated species typically include
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2F9C224A849243621AF740CD0E9937B6" authority="(Lour.) Druce" authorityName="Druce" baseAuthorityName="Lour." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Nepenthaceae" genus="Nepenthes" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mirabilis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B5AC4CCCBB5C73B494C01ECD53866543" italics="true">Nepenthes mirabilis</emphasis>
|
||||
(Lour.) Druce
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3584003820D9AB8256E71193B84E7277" authority="Labill." authorityName="Labill." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Droseraceae" genus="Drosera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spatulata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="1D54174614B7AD4768C2BDEDC3654F01" italics="true">Drosera spatulata</emphasis>
|
||||
Labill.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4F41B73D62B9CD0768D3AA846049B623" authority="(Lour.) Hook. & Arn." authorityName="Hook. & Arn." baseAuthorityName="Lour." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Strophanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="divaricatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B1DB6D28D1EF934EB6E821781021C120" italics="true">Strophanthus divaricatus</emphasis>
|
||||
(Lour.) Hook. & Arn.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="DF82241543265E36385910D567B1F992" authority="L." authorityName="L." class="Polypodiopsida" family="Pteridaceae" genus="Pteris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vittata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="3CAE67846F47A6C63664B6C352ABB0D9" italics="true">Pteris vittata</emphasis>
|
||||
L.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="44165AD31CA71775CF9767ED2B605FEF" authority="(Aiton) Hassk." authorityName="Hassk." baseAuthorityName="Aiton" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Rhodomyrtus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tomentosa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="EF3F9080970D41CA1F4565F0CB8DC9E9" italics="true">Rhodomyrtus tomentosa</emphasis>
|
||||
(Aiton) Hassk.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="A463888A47012DC9383C6F9482029DFE" ID-DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.254.139616.figure6" ID-arpha="43FAE764-E5DA-57CA-8AE7-A168F3455D10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1287986" startId="F6">
|
||||
<paragraph id="FF33BC6E8E3A0F7C472A4DB50C433E74">
|
||||
<label id="3E5EE4755CF3D57228FDE749D49C5C77">Figure 6.</label>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="C065FB87BFFB427A600EAE9539936B99">
|
||||
Distribution map of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4F82CC26798A709EEB0822F87EB1EC73" authority="Y. Fan Wang & Z. R. Guo" authorityName="Y. Fan Wang & Z. R. Guo" authorityYear="2025" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="zhuhaiensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="AB33C1514D67A371FAFB160F7F7AD1ED" italics="true">Aristolochia zhuhaiensis</emphasis>
|
||||
Y. Fan Wang & Z. R. Guo
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4367C35134C3368A594514121050F8F4" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
, highlighting its geographically close yet isolated distribution, with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4F09B3174EA174FA53E2FACB5340708B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thwaitesii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="291597FCE65E6312E924890C12D24D86" italics="true">A. thwaitesii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
primarily found in Hong Kong SAR and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="8317202FFCCF7D99E8E71B8A7A12437C" authorityName="Y. Fan Wang & Z. R. Guo" authorityYear="2025" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="zhuhaiensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9219C8DADEB9D93807E5012699B6987A" italics="true">A. zhuhaiensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
observed in Zhuhai City.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EL1AE" type="phenology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6AB5F76D8A622359CBAF9FDA0B7D6AC0">
|
||||
<heading id="A641853B56303FC407E13E7DA00EF785" reason="title">Phenology.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="6624CBFC297D203AF16CBD41F8AD76CD">Flowering from January to early March, fruit or seed not seen.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EQ1AE" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="33B82366569A1D2BF19666A91893BBA9">
|
||||
<heading id="3DE427407DE671203B293BDC0A1EA58A" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="B1D879AE4DEA011C00423BA23FCC72D7">
|
||||
The epithet ‘
|
||||
<emphasis id="8F0B6159A34B60195B9EE088A20D0BF4" italics="true">zhuhaiensis</emphasis>
|
||||
’ refers to the type locality (Zhuhai City), where the new species has been discovered. Given Zhuhai’s status as a highly populated and urbanized city, the discovery of a new species is both a rare and welcome occurrence.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EA2AE" type="Vernacular name">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6AF87CC7AD2703A985284DCF19E535E2">
|
||||
<heading id="E33E04E4F68F5410C3EE3A08807453C0" reason="title">Vernacular name.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="4EB39FC022541296CEFF8515C7AE7812">During our initial encounter with this new species, local cultivators referred to it by the Cantonese vernacular name “ shí qín qú ” (石蠄蟝), indicating that the root, harvested for medicinal purposes, has a surface texture so coarse it resembles a toad’s skin. Interestingly, as our survey extended further, we discovered that the Hakka people refer to the species as “ shù zǎi lián ” (树仔莲), which translates literally to “ shrubby herb medicine. ” These two distinct ethnic groups each have their own vernacular name for the same species. For clarity and consistency in scientific communication with the broader public, we propose the Chinese name “ zhū hǎi guān mù tōng ” (珠海关木通), reflecting the literal meaning of its epithet and its geographical origin.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EF2AE" type="conservation status">
|
||||
<paragraph id="1A45CD301F1822D2F60EE8145FF77D25">
|
||||
<heading id="046806084F84060C7E7F245660E54B18" reason="title">Conservation status.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="C5B38DD9F30E0A06C3C81E508808C101">Since we first discovered and recognized it as a new species, we have conducted more than five extensive field trips covering the coastal mountain hills, including all major coastal cities within the Greater Bay Area, particularly focusing on Zhuhai, and its neighboring cities Jiangmen and Shenzhen. Despite these efforts, we only located three extant populations, all of which are confined to Zhuhai. As previously mentioned, this species has long been recognized by local medicinal practitioners and has been exploited for generations to treat snake bites, according to local testimony. The traditional belief in its medicinal properties has made this species highly sought after, leading to its scarcity in the wild in recent years.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="78F0CB7269883888C676FCEEB4895C4E">
|
||||
Our investigation revealed that
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="0A94951DA9889A5A49C9A68BDC8256BE" authorityName="Y. Fan Wang & Z. R. Guo" authorityYear="2025" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="zhuhaiensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4C1BFAC097225BB73922456FA010F36C" italics="true">A. zhuhaiensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is morphologically challenging to distinguish from its close congener,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3C4245FEDB99E231BB03BDD957303931" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thwaitesii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CCF6E9DC4E5EB40D6C096263ADD67A71" italics="true">A. thwaitesii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, when not in flower. Local collectors report sometimes to travel to outlying islands near
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F944A4FE914B0F3C156D42E681B0A637" name="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
|
||||
or the Pearl River Estuary to harvest this plant. We hypothesize that in these cases, it remains unclear whether the collected individuals are
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B26AD1F9DEC2C4281BBAA00F50693609" authorityName="Y. Fan Wang & Z. R. Guo" authorityYear="2025" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="zhuhaiensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="7D2A6EC05D76FC1A14AFACA19E2A97D8" italics="true">A. zhuhaiensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
or
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="266499C62423695600FEEC1E7BE34493" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thwaitesii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="98C85E774905B589E89DBDB1B66F9EFF" italics="true">A. thwaitesii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, especially as both species primarily exhibit vegetative growth for much of the year, and the collectors focus mainly on harvesting the tuberous roots based on our field survey.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="1DF8071F372F96569C10602099B46D50">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6EA52AF867A4660D04AF2E84FE7482AF" authorityName="Y. Fan Wang & Z. R. Guo" authorityYear="2025" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="zhuhaiensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A171C33AADA5D8F1DB74FC24BB73AD4A" italics="true">Aristolochia zhuhaiensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
faces several severe threats. While
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A434F331260815817F5F67F5CBCFC219" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thwaitesii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A7AD7ACB5A8ABE93385C75BFB92DFF8A" italics="true">A. thwaitesii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is already classified as Vulnerable (VU) according to the
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="A53C9253AA8438C43861886CCED516D4" DOI="10.2305/IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS.T46528A144785442.en" refId="B6" refString="China Plant Specialist Group (2019) Aristolochia thwaitesii (amended version of 2004 assessment). https://doi.org/10.2305/IUCN.UK.2004.RLTS.T46528A144785442.en [August 18, 2024]" year="2019">
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="203762BBB608396024C0FB31480897EF" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
|
||||
Plant Specialist Group (2019
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), the conservation status of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="16194FC8278B6EB856540D4EF707A521" authorityName="Y. Fan Wang & Z. R. Guo" authorityYear="2025" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="zhuhaiensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="05B3AB7F2271A90AF701530D5E68714B" italics="true">A. zhuhaiensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
appears to be even more precarious. The three populations we identified are situated on very small hills in close proximity to urban areas. These hills have limited area and gentle slopes and are completely encircled by urban developments, including residential communities, real estate projects, tourist attractions, airport, and farmlands, as well as other anthropogenic landscapes. Furthermore, these habitats have been heavily invaded by artificial fast-growing
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D8E8A80927BAB2885707D5B256171053" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="ECEB0C91963107363E023DA575CC3BD8" italics="true">Eucalyptus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
plantations. Our field observations indicate that
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A574D24D026E020F7BE3E8B8E1930FBB" authorityName="Y. Fan Wang & Z. R. Guo" authorityYear="2025" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="zhuhaiensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="2AE6D5341898ACC42DE599C13DB21772" italics="true">A. zhuhaiensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
exclusively grows under native coastal low shrubland along riparian zones and does not thrive in secondary forests or plantation environments. Habitat loss due to its proximity to human activity is likely one of the primary threats to its survival.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="70C539BAB11026E9816F91A9DE34749D">During our multiple fieldwork expeditions in the region, we observed a substantial number of flowers produced by robust individuals, with some bearing up to 20 flowers in a single fascicle at the basal stem. However, we found no evidence of fruiting or seed production. The basal flowering habit might indicate specific pollinator requirements, a topic that warrants further ecological study.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="4A2C04CC58AAAEAF8311C985953C35A4">
|
||||
Another aspect of the potential ecological significance of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B516B91D9A16611F7A5E16A93CFCF0F3" authorityName="Y. Fan Wang & Z. R. Guo" authorityYear="2025" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="zhuhaiensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="8FED793A64344796DB1B286C72B2E8CA" italics="true">A. zhuhaiensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is its possible role as a host plant for the Chinese windmill butterfly
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="3074D6D5317CC644C3538063E6B504EB" authority="Klug" authorityName="Klug" class="Insecta" family="Papilionidae" genus="Byasa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alcinous">
|
||||
<emphasis id="30E4250BFA1E29306A84B2F7C583BAA1" italics="true">Byasa alcinous</emphasis>
|
||||
Klug
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, which is also associated with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2031A6C796A6E89F9CE7655178F269E1" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thwaitesii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="2050BB6682292045791590386A0BE4EC" italics="true">A. thwaitesii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. This host relationship with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B0A760AAE72122FEEE567DD63B73A554" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thwaitesii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="CF92ADA8F65805A146CA2BB6FA9F9150" italics="true">A. thwaitesii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has been confirmed by the Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department (
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBAAG" xlink_title="Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="E51F541632274EF63E280F04BFE90766">AFCD</collectionCode>
|
||||
</abbrev>
|
||||
) of the
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="08F1AD524EC3D40D87B664852336AB30" name="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
|
||||
SAR (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="89846200881263895159C7673B33CD83" refId="B1" refString="Anon (2010) Eco-Blog: Butterfly. Hong Kong Live Eco-map by Agriculture, Fisheries and Conservation Department (AFCD) of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. http://117.18.78.138/ecolog.asp?AnimalID=2&lang=cht&offset=14 [September 4, 2024]" url="http://117.18.78.138/ecolog.asp?AnimalID=2&lang=cht&offset=14" year="2010">Anon 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Considering the morphological similarities between
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="6F8D4CCD66FE9624D7C64C19EEB00804" authorityName="Y. Fan Wang & Z. R. Guo" authorityYear="2025" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="zhuhaiensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E2491F94476F2D931D492B7235177B14" italics="true">A. zhuhaiensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2D58F2267D6326AE0BCE68FC0F33D1A9" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thwaitesii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A5FBB1FBE685D2B8BDB64D70BE3669CF" italics="true">A. thwaitesii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, as well as the natural range of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7968206FB7B9EB866B8D1BA685A53952" class="Insecta" family="Papilionidae" genus="Byasa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="alcinous">
|
||||
<emphasis id="2FB216E591789C0EC5952791787326AD" italics="true">B. alcinous</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
extending into Zhuhai (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="87CA2DD2EDA117B0810F7820560A9713" DOI="10.1080/00305316.2001.10417288" author="Wu CS & Bai JW" firstAuthor="Wu" issue="1" journalOrPublisher="Oriental Insects" pagination="67-82" refId="B30" refString="Wu CS, Bai JW (2001) A review of the genus Byasa Moore in China (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae). Oriental Insects 35 (1): 67-82. https://doi.org/10.1080/00305316.2001.10417288" title="A review of the genus Byasa Moore in China (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae)." volume="35" year="2001">Wu and Bai 2001</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A067839368E7659EDF8177C62A81AEDD" authorityName="Y. Fan Wang & Z. R. Guo" authorityYear="2025" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="zhuhaiensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="011B918A55D87D5F1308035329D87BB7" italics="true">A. zhuhaiensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
could also provide a vital food source for the butterfly. Further ecological studies are needed to confirm this potential interaction.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="71F149D5B1CEC0FD4A9FE400DC746378">
|
||||
Currently, the three known populations of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F002971C485B202BCF37EF6056D160B7" authorityName="Y. Fan Wang & Z. R. Guo" authorityYear="2025" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="zhuhaiensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="EA32D093FD894E60822DBA9ADB6CE2B4" italics="true">A. zhuhaiensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are located in the coastal region of Zhuhai City, each in close proximity and restricted to an area of less than
|
||||
<quantity id="32F8BFA401E03F2FE8E0C82460FDA10C" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
|
||||
<superScript id="E29240F3B76C13FCDB2B11BD1B462914">2</superScript>
|
||||
, at elevations ranging from 50 to 100 meters. Based on these populations, the estimated extent of occurrence (
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EICAG" xlink_title="Extent of Occurrence">EOO</abbrev>
|
||||
) is
|
||||
<quantity id="E826018D961CD424A3DAEADECF513397" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.35" unit="km" value="0.335">0.335 km</quantity>
|
||||
<superScript id="EF3F4D54487F9009A872123FF413D45B">2</superScript>
|
||||
(<
|
||||
<quantity id="743D6EC10DF2F44A0569F5719580EEE2" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="km" value="100.0">100 km</quantity>
|
||||
<superScript id="B876F4772262C1866E4EDF4C19C3C642">2</superScript>
|
||||
), and the area of occupancy (
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQCAG" xlink_title="Area of Occupancy">AOO</abbrev>
|
||||
) is
|
||||
<quantity id="9C3A905967DCA0842F5BFE0D46386033" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="km" value="12.0">12.000 km</quantity>
|
||||
<superScript id="04846791242EC7331FDC262DE6D19933">2</superScript>
|
||||
. No fruiting or seed production has been observed over the past two consecutive years, and each population comprises fewer than ten individuals. Based on these findings, we recommend classifying
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2DA89C6784AA190145266D23D6E1A800" authorityName="Y. Fan Wang & Z. R. Guo" authorityYear="2025" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="zhuhaiensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="071657EEDE102006B195E7A812C46C21" italics="true">A. zhuhaiensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as Critically Endangered (
|
||||
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBDAG" xlink_title="Critically Endangered">CR</abbrev>
|
||||
) under the IUCN Red List criteria B 1 ab (i, ii, iii, iv, v); D 1. This recommendation reflects its extremely limited distribution, ecological significance, close association with urban areas, vulnerability to habitat loss and medicinal exploitation, and the absence of observed sexual reproduction.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EFDAG" type="Additional specimen of Aristolochia zhuhaiensis examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="3D45DEB11A3853620E470742CACF8232">
|
||||
<heading id="65E9F6AB0B09114A829C26347DA2052C" reason="title">
|
||||
Additional specimen of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F6BF2F89BE96290B9449090B9CDA7B87" authorityName="Y. Fan Wang & Z. R. Guo" authorityYear="2025" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="zhuhaiensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="EDE1658962481F537E79DCBC9E0F533E" italics="true">Aristolochia zhuhaiensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
examined.
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="D290183DED550D7FE42F2A4BB57B5D69">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="9C121EC9A17BD40AD8B4FE32514B41E1" collectedFrom="under forest in coastal hills" collectingDate="2024-03-02" collectionCode="IBSC" collectorName="Y. Fan Wang & Z. R. Guo" country="China" elevation="68" location="Doumen District" municipality="Zhuhai City" specimenCode="IBSC 1041412" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guangdong Province" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="B71D158550E985C1440893E69DD16884" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
|
||||
. •
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="88CBDE3202BB7E9DFEAF427DDCAEAA86" country="China" name="Guangdong">Guangdong Province</collectingRegion>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="3267FB73120EC92CCEAD04854C7B6331">Zhuhai City</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="6D942AAB8BEBE54C41DA51FC6F45A72F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BF4BE46483E356B3B69C43EE657BCD93:6D942AAB8BEBE54C41DA51FC6F45A72F" country="China" municipality="Zhuhai City" name="Doumen District" stateProvince="Guangdong Province">Doumen District</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectedFrom id="04C01586797E35D641C10DB0240A1B01">under forest in coastal hills</collectedFrom>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<elevation id="3714CF14E8A8C29F15480FC7A03AB376" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.8" unit="m" value="68.0">
|
||||
elevation
|
||||
<quantity id="7471326806D32E189B8194238AECDE54" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.8" unit="m" value="68.0">68 m</quantity>
|
||||
</elevation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="1313897BD241316BDE046EA2EE7082CF" value="2024-03-02">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="914D49F3D5B4278DC620A7CB85ECB6E7" value="2024-03-02">2 Mar 2024</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectorName id="A8FE7F2531A978044D387365DA64CF67">Y. Fan Wang</collectorName>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<collectorName id="F3AFCBC86673B79C91F37B6555F20C34">Z. R. Guo</collectorName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="9AEBFF0A2C54EFEBDB7E2CE8166E5A8D" italics="true">yw 00077</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<typeStatus id="469FA57F99E1E304BA2E6CC3587E6BF8" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<specimenCode id="ED7643585052C20B1C9227EE7033D934" collectionCode="IBSC" country="China" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15606" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15606" name="South China Botanical Garden" type="Herbarium">IBSC 1041412</specimenCode>
|
||||
!)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EZDAG" type="Specimens of Aristolochia thwaitesii examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7FCA97ED8F89DFEA64BBB5E2264E558C">
|
||||
<heading id="FCE1C73DCB7A6C1B33040CD2364A0DF8" reason="title">
|
||||
Specimens of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="DB28435DA0559F632B4D55D914815024" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thwaitesii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="21A9988ADD568BAA8841D14B2798CC45" italics="true">Aristolochia thwaitesii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
examined.
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="1106400E94DCC1DB240E4C830708D884">
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="59C5E91E83D08DEB394F471110FE5F83" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
|
||||
. • Hongkong:
|
||||
<location id="1BB439710BD2B4BAFB1FFA1C118E1F4A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BF4BE46483E356B3B69C43EE657BCD93:1BB439710BD2B4BAFB1FFA1C118E1F4A" country="Hong Kong" county="Lantau Island" municipality="Tutcher" name="Wong Nai Chung Gap">Wong Nai Chung Gap</location>
|
||||
, 1903, W. J.
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="B49109362B5F9C474A510FD9250107DA">Tutcher</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
<emphasis id="95783FB060EA6933E11F3CEB911A1AD9" italics="true">979</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<specimenCode id="0D49189A4D547E3C16655B25881AB164" collectionCode="IBSC" country="China" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15606" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15606" name="South China Botanical Garden" type="Herbarium">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="D311244D6E21640454426676A33326F8">IBSC</collectionCode>
|
||||
0127925
|
||||
</specimenCode>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<date id="7F7665ABD94EE073B561EAA4BF06384E" value="2000-07-04">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="7D715814AB16AAC005F327141870AB79" value="2000-07-04">4 Jul 2000</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
, Y. W. Lam
|
||||
<emphasis id="D958119AFE17F3183C8339FF34736DBC" italics="true">1633</emphasis>
|
||||
(HK 38320);
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="A210FA4E7181169876B23FAE82D33C32">Lantau Island</collectingCounty>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="D2CAA4D779D417242C200F9A4284BBF6" value="1909-03-16">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="D5BA7B4F759BBDE81763AB885EA14DB5" value="1909-03-16">16 Mar 1909</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
, W. J. Tutcher
|
||||
<emphasis id="211089C0BA907DD98C279B4B19BC657F" italics="true">8273</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<specimenCode id="216E30DD6710ECE3FEB2381272F844D3" collectionCode="IBSC" country="China" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15606" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15606" name="South China Botanical Garden" type="Herbarium">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="2D2767AB30AED07B73A48F1A733D5808">IBSC</collectionCode>
|
||||
0127926
|
||||
</specimenCode>
|
||||
& HK 23774). UK. Cultivated at Kew, Royal Botanic Gardens,
|
||||
<emphasis id="A009907899A2D27D911AEED7CD3BD52A" italics="true">s. coll. s. n.</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="650793AA7D39DA52D0C87E4EAAEE3CE0" value="1858-04">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="1263D0730A344F60F2CF0F72E110365F" value="1858-04">April 1858</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<specimenCode id="4BD97EE3D94F4D8D908AB65A72149D4B" collectionCode="K" country="United Kingdom" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15867" name="Royal Botanic Gardens" type="Herbarium">K 003691508</specimenCode>
|
||||
); •
|
||||
<location id="4E4B60B6B6D6E28CCA562A434E29F3B1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BF4BE46483E356B3B69C43EE657BCD93:4E4B60B6B6D6E28CCA562A434E29F3B1" country="Hong Kong Island" county="Southern District" municipality="Repulse Bay" name="Tze Kong Bridge">Tze Kong Bridge</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="8B97096D25B94A1ECAADB37F6F693900" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BF4BE46483E356B3B69C43EE657BCD93:8B97096D25B94A1ECAADB37F6F693900" country="Hong Kong Island" county="Southern District" municipality="Repulse Bay" name="Repulse Bay">Repulse Bay</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="4037BB401792D2F86D1000FD4BBD0AB9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BF4BE46483E356B3B69C43EE657BCD93:4037BB401792D2F86D1000FD4BBD0AB9" country="Hong Kong Island" county="Southern District" municipality="Repulse Bay" name="Southern District">Southern District</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="2F711BB8B00C343437ED632F9C253D3F" name="Hong Kong Island">Hong Kong Island</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="C9AB15B8C2268C268725A9785B8B124B" value="2024-04-01">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="84F4F8BC77C88F51F21E1C82750406A7" value="2024-04-01">1 April 2024</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
Y. Fan Wang
|
||||
<emphasis id="5E9A6E41090595259E86245C5DC24273" italics="true">yw 00068</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<named-content id="7355CCCD0D103EC85A9E2C78481ECB80" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/south-china-botanical-garden" xlink_title="Herbarium of the South China Botanical Garden">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="5085937F90184B064075B7E6733D5B31" country="China" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15606" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15606" name="South China Botanical Garden" type="Herbarium">IBSC</collectionCode>
|
||||
</named-content>
|
||||
!); Tze Kong Bridge,
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="B997F6AB1AC00E88C81C9F2EE09987AE">Repulse Bay</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="B5358AFA2FAF930A252D089F1501D4F8">Southern District</collectingCounty>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="553F50BE93FC31D19AD6DDAAEEE4B544" name="Hong Kong Island">Hong Kong Island</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="85BF4C8EA507F4C0E1F9E28D5A850D5A" value="2024-04-02">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="3C9B33E1F2D20857664E5ECB7EFAFD8B" value="2024-04-02">2 April 2024</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
Y. Fan Wang
|
||||
<emphasis id="0C01170A2D4BB243F7C886AE515766FD" italics="true">yw 00069</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<named-content id="83ABF8C94E43BCCB30607861175A93EC" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/south-china-botanical-garden" xlink_title="Herbarium of the South China Botanical Garden">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="08D5639F508DED729492492FF9CA91AD" country="China" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15606" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15606" name="South China Botanical Garden" type="Herbarium">IBSC</collectionCode>
|
||||
</named-content>
|
||||
!).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="SECID0EBFAG" type="notes">
|
||||
<paragraph id="028A6DF1F51B8214288A9129179043EB">
|
||||
<heading id="767F16A28A904D38D285C97E8819F6B4" reason="title">Notes.</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="88A56373FC5BE6E5711CB5C4C85F8668">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A850A5ECC0E8CFCB6CD1BB2C03FC1031" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thwaitesii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A102A94EB0C348BB9AC2947AA6CD9F9E" italics="true">Aristolochia thwaitesii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has been confirmed, by our fieldwork, to occur in the
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="173C4F4907A288A0BC8796937305CFC9" name="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
|
||||
region, specifically on
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="6F922D4E202F589DE8E461868F8771A9" name="Hong Kong Island">Hong Kong Island</collectingCountry>
|
||||
and Lantau Island (Fig.
|
||||
<figureCitation id="0BE1BC87687CA9E49670909A9D384894" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Distribution map of Aristolochia zhuhaiensis Y. Fan Wang & Z. R. Guo, sp. nov., highlighting its geographically close yet isolated distribution, with A. thwaitesii primarily found in Hong Kong SAR and A. zhuhaiensis observed in Zhuhai City." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.254.139616.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1287986">6</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Although there are records indicating its discovery in Jiangmen and Zhuhai (Ma 1989;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="2DD3C6A6BC73BA728C139CD8DFE1877D" author="Huang SM & Kelly LM & Gilbert MG" editor="Wu ZY & Raven PH & Hong DY" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Huang" journalOrPublisher="5. Science Press, Beijing & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis" pagination="246-269" refId="B12" refString="Huang SM, Kelly LM, Gilbert MG (2003) Aristolochiaceae. In: Wu ZY, Raven PH, Hong DY (Eds) Flora of China, Vol. 5. Science Press, Beijing & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, 246-269." title="Aristolochiaceae." volumeTitle="Flora of China, Vol." year="2003">Huang et al. 2003</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), no living plant collection, or photograph of the flower has provided conclusive evidence of its presence there. The only two voucher specimens (
|
||||
<specimenCode id="0EEA5BB8F59091809AA01A62E2AA135F">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="BCD83DFCFA512DB65CB5496CE9278305" country="China" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15606" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15606" name="South China Botanical Garden" type="Herbarium">IBSC</collectionCode>
|
||||
0127924
|
||||
</specimenCode>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<specimenCode id="94F8F91454C87F4EBFA8966DACA55310">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="EE062ADBFDFE88EBA22B1F555617F90D" country="China" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14836" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14836" name="Zhongshan (Sun Yatsen) University" type="Herbarium">SYS</collectionCode>
|
||||
00159983
|
||||
</specimenCode>
|
||||
), collected in 1973 and 1979, almost 50 years ago, are solely vegetative specimens, lacking flowers. Following the confirmation of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EFF808DBE6A4AC879645E5A48073A5BC" authorityName="Y. Fan Wang & Z. R. Guo" authorityYear="2025" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="zhuhaiensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="81C3B97271D599F1B11EDA2EB7EDBA23" italics="true">A. zhuhaiensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, we re-examined these two voucher specimens and embarked on a field expedition in early
|
||||
<date id="2DBCC5204B80C502A587152BAD70472D" value="2024-07">July 2024</date>
|
||||
to Dawanshan Island, where voucher
|
||||
<specimenCode id="35A3EEA421009460AEE5DF670B286A01">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="4F73E3FC7495C384AC8A225AF1F802B9" country="China" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15606" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15606" name="South China Botanical Garden" type="Herbarium">IBSC</collectionCode>
|
||||
0127924
|
||||
</specimenCode>
|
||||
was originally collected. Despite extensive efforts, we failed to locate any
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="460A192B02E742EBC7F0F61BF52CADB0" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="DE3081E56C51FD963065ADDE4C1C5F62" italics="true">Aristolochia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
individuals. Administratively, Wanshan Island is under Zhuhai’s jurisdiction, but geographically it lies closer to the known distribution of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B96E8D627A397CFEBCBA7304C67703AC" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thwaitesii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="36727EC165AC4721FC9AB7F5E53EB0E1" italics="true">A. thwaitesii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="0A6EDCC6817D40EE538790292F10F5BB" name="Hong Kong">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
|
||||
than to the range of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8FEE23B78623F2BC66F3221BC5B7AA9" authorityName="Y. Fan Wang & Z. R. Guo" authorityYear="2025" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="zhuhaiensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="9F35DDDEE461C75EE5DEF10A3DA36816" italics="true">A. zhuhaiensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
that we have documented. As for voucher
|
||||
<specimenCode id="90685FB46FA522DAAA65515ABB48BA4D">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="E547C1CE2BB34D44F67CE5FE58DC87EF" country="China" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14836" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14836" name="Zhongshan (Sun Yatsen) University" type="Herbarium">SYS</collectionCode>
|
||||
00159983
|
||||
</specimenCode>
|
||||
, despite multiple extensive field surveys in Jiangmen City, no specimens have been found. Given the current lack of definitive evidence, such as a living specimen or a photograph confirming the floral morphology, we have refrained from assigning either voucher to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E0BDE7EBC2490DDA6AB7098EC419A6C5" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thwaitesii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="86FDBE730F9747B4B0A4380A8CEB4633" italics="true">A. thwaitesii</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
or
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D714B03923B8BD08E324A199D4832C97" authorityName="Y. Fan Wang & Z. R. Guo" authorityYear="2025" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="zhuhaiensis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="68989DF9DD244BBED81C67D0A48E2640" italics="true">A. zhuhaiensis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
until further conclusive data can clarify their identity.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="2E3189BFB59BD13A2C03A1E2F5DA1219">Given the proximity of this species to urban areas and the lack of any form of protection or monitoring in its natural habitats, combined with its long history of medicinal exploitation, we have opted not to disclose the precise locations of these populations in this paper to safeguard their conservation. We strongly urge local authorities to implement policies or legislation to protect this rare species. Researchers requiring material or information for scientific purposes may contact the authors directly for collaboration and information sharing.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
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Reference in a new issue