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<mods:title id="3F2F33219FC52D094AAC4FD76DDA4A1B">A review of insect parasitoids associated with Lobesiabotrana (Denis & Schiffermueller, 1775) in Italy. 1. DipteraTachinidae and HymenopteraBraconidae (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="FC5487899E78EC7061E36709C9C8AD75">Loni, Augusto</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4FB2D72B2F38047CF5E0B11ECA014F0A">Lucchi, Andrea</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="08CCC6D42C4E8337BAB3868FD4374F70" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127882518" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:08CCC6D42C4E8337BAB3868FD4374F70" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/08CCC6D42C4E8337BAB3868FD4374F70" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="79" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">
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<subSubSection id="026060A7E89B4FFB217337C33B7CE3BD" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="A968A78A3B91CC9091BE737A096C3BED" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">
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<taxonomicName id="880773D9E7E1227CB59F6B84D063E675" ID-CoL="3J4SJ" authority="Say, 1836" authorityName="Say" authorityYear="1836" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Habrobracon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Habrobracon hebetor" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hebetor">Habrobracon hebetor (Say, 1836)</taxonomicName>
|
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</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="F8508CE92557F0E18931953BC2F3BD4C" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" type="reference_group">
|
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<paragraph id="F59A67C4B74ED15D0F5CFDC4723DB4AC" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2C93F377F506EB42CCAE73EC4535B106" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Habrobracon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Habrobracon hebetor" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hebetor">Habrobracon hebetor</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="A74508A940E130F7CB8A520BF5DD7964" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">Moleas 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="4C00CEABBE2F3F16F9A504D30B2FF774" author="Loni, A" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="21" pageNumber="88" pagination="125 - 150" title="Braconinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) emerged from larvae of Lobesiabotrana (Denis & Schiffermueller) (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae) feeding on Daphnegnidium L." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.587.8478" volume="587" year="2016">Loni et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="2AE7561B97110544FC6B4E4EFB6466DB" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="FF290FCA6452B77F1C85CF1DC9F1975B" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Habrobracon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Habrobracon" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Habrobracon</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp.:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="E08D3EF3C374ECD19384F8E99CD88A28" author="Silvestri, F" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino del Laboratorio di Zoologia Generale e Agraria, Portici" pageId="24" pageNumber="91" pagination="246 - 307" title="Contribuzioni alla conoscenza degli insetti dannosi e dei loro simbionti. III. La Tignoletta dell'uva (Polychrosisbotrana Schiff.) con un cenno sulla Tignola dell'uva (Conchylisambiguella Hb.)." volume="6" year="1912">Silvestri 1912</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="0F6FD086EF3A4F1EFC817488E527C0C9" author="Boselli, F" journalOrPublisher="Laboratorio di Entomologia Agraria, R. Istituto Superiore Agrario, Portici" pageId="18" pageNumber="85" pagination="1 - 265" title="Elenco delle specie d'insetti dannosi e loro parassiti ricordati in Italia dal 1911 al 1925" year="1928">Boselli 1928</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3215A1083E1FD879989E190FFCA2BED2" author="Stellwaag, F" journalOrPublisher="Verlagsbuchhandlung Paul Parey, Berlin" pageId="24" pageNumber="91" title="Die Weinbauinsekten der Kulturlaender, Lehr- und Handbuch." year="1928">Stellwaag 1928</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="29CF33338C1CA3D99023976E8882BBD3" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="223799B000AFCA17598CD1E263B6EC24" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Habrobracon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Habrobracon brevicornis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevicornis">Habrobracon brevicornis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Wesmael:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="7676472FDC81A0CA72F50BBCBEF06D62" author="Goidanich, A" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino del Laboratorio di Entomologia del R. Istituto Superiore Agrario di Bologna" pageId="20" pageNumber="87" pagination="246 - 261" title="Materiali per lo studio degli Imenotteri Braconidi III." volume="6" year="1934">Goidanich 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F9EE488576A2B7E42F1CF11E4BDFC5AB" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A350C8E9BB41954B6E592490A41368CE" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Microbracon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microbracon brevicornis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevicornis">Microbracon brevicornis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Wesm.:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="46D7B09F8438BDD0C8EC26EA05372780" author="Thompson, WR" journalOrPublisher="Commonwealth Agricultural Bureaux" pageId="25" pageNumber="92" title="A catalogue of the parasites and predators of insect pest" year="1943 - 1972">Thompson 1946</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="EB2ADAE7947258328CB359760C329162" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4906D8A252EF45A2327722243697B415" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Bracon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bracon" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Bracon</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sl.:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="638959ED7FC265499A5081C284B50E29" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">Scaramozzino et al. (in press)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C7130194C2015EF53CC4657FBCDBEA1B" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="9B582BDC6BC9F1B4721427CA10AEF02A" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">Italian distribution of reared parasitoids.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="F14FE9E84FF0A50E14D3F5A1168F5603" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">
|
||||
Campania:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EB4D5663903854D902775D8DC59A252C" author="Silvestri, F" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino del Laboratorio di Zoologia Generale e Agraria, Portici" pageId="24" pageNumber="91" pagination="246 - 307" title="Contribuzioni alla conoscenza degli insetti dannosi e dei loro simbionti. III. La Tignoletta dell'uva (Polychrosisbotrana Schiff.) con un cenno sulla Tignola dell'uva (Conchylisambiguella Hb.)." volume="6" year="1912">Silvestri 1912</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8AD3EF0A7A82CD277945C7D08A96F641" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">
|
||||
Tuscany:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="C7CA96C052AE840EFA2395A3AC113081" author="Loni, A" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="21" pageNumber="88" pagination="125 - 150" title="Braconinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) emerged from larvae of Lobesiabotrana (Denis & Schiffermueller) (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae) feeding on Daphnegnidium L." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.587.8478" volume="587" year="2016">Loni et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="36378D399E358E3A936CD49232B08AB0" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">Scaramozzino et al. (in press)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="BF63E93CC6792B61B9ACB2E1CABACA52" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">
|
||||
Sicily:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3377627526BF87821357220B53CEFE2F" author="Silvestri, F" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino del Laboratorio di Zoologia Generale e Agraria, Portici" pageId="24" pageNumber="91" pagination="246 - 307" title="Contribuzioni alla conoscenza degli insetti dannosi e dei loro simbionti. III. La Tignoletta dell'uva (Polychrosisbotrana Schiff.) con un cenno sulla Tignola dell'uva (Conchylisambiguella Hb.)." volume="6" year="1912">Silvestri 1912</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
(from larvae of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B88B77E1DAE88DF7DC74545513D2B13A" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Ephestia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ephestia elutella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elutella">Ephestia elutella</taxonomicName>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7C8F5F598AFD9F2A2FCB17921209A291" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">
|
||||
South Italy:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="BD9D31FAFF8BB9EFBFD138117474BD98" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">Moleas 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="89E63FE9E649500F91CE9B39165B3636" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="0EB880D9D0E0C6240374575C1A4484E9" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="356DA4CE3033FCEA045A6CC02B2FAFA3" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">Cosmopolitan.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="B216F32A1CB0C6F16D436FD53D26D33E" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" type="taxonomic notes">
|
||||
<paragraph id="5CA33B491C5B7521FC596379CE034A57" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">Taxonomic notes.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="597363ABBB8AD7201B64F04F1B606E71" pageId="11" pageNumber="78">
|
||||
In the past, the taxonomic position of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D66864C00D544C7BD4EA663002C63072" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Habrobracon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Habrobracon hebetor" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hebetor">Habrobracon hebetor</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was not well defined; it has a large number of synonyms because of the wide distribution, the broad host range and the morphological variability, so that it was attributed to the genera
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="59F6A77EEB85DF1B279DF4E5109B54C7" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Bracon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bracon" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Bracon</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2C77A7C8AD8A89D00524B8F3986FA050" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Habrobracon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Habrobracon" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Habrobracon</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="5DFF12A63DF6EF73C4B1D1D6F55401B9" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Microbracon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Microbracon" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Microbracon</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF2A71AF41D77940A40A578B02130C29" author="Loni, A" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="21" pageNumber="88" pagination="125 - 150" title="Braconinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) emerged from larvae of Lobesiabotrana (Denis & Schiffermueller) (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae) feeding on Daphnegnidium L." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.587.8478" volume="587" year="2016">Loni et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). It was considered for long time separated from his junior synonym
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E4984523BEADFAB94EA9184DC8283936" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Bracon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Bracon brevicornis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="78" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevicornis">Bracon brevicornis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(Wesmael, 1838) (see e.g.:
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="255C3E1E42557359506F032A8465F0A2" author="Marsh, PM" editor="Krombein, KV" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington DC" pageId="22" pageNumber="89" pagination="144 - 295" title="Braconidae." volumeTitle="Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico" year="1979">Marsh 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, Fauna Europaea) on the basis of various morphological characteristics.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="3689D35885D28D526B319E423EAEADF7" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" type="host">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A81BAF5E5F0CD53F1C026FC7C74BB6B0" pageId="12" pageNumber="79">
|
||||
<pageBreakToken id="93A2DD210AA382FA92FA70F90AD962CB" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" start="start">Host</pageBreakToken>
|
||||
range.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="5043A0F10B0216358542F5908EC39803" pageId="12" pageNumber="79">
|
||||
Highly polyphagous, it is known to attack various species of pyralid moths feeding on stored products, as well as other Lepidopterous pests on several cultivated plants (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="36E8F2A9FA76759AE65DB18930194536" author="Yu, DSK" journalOrPublisher="Ottawa" pageId="25" pageNumber="92" title="Taxapad 2012, Ichneumonoidea 2011. Database on flash-drive" url="www.taxapad.com" year="2012">Yu et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). It is an idiobiont ectophagous and gregarious parasitoid of Lepidopteran larvae. In
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="19EA1A7353FE45B2CF6C20187B93BC17" author="Loni, A" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="21" pageNumber="88" pagination="125 - 150" title="Braconinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) emerged from larvae of Lobesiabotrana (Denis & Schiffermueller) (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae) feeding on Daphnegnidium L." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.587.8478" volume="587" year="2016">Loni et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
a list of records of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="352C3D1647C714AAF962B8A153CE263B" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Habrobracon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Habrobracon hebetor" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hebetor">Habrobracon hebetor</taxonomicName>
|
||||
found on EGVM is provided.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="3138AE622A7CEB01208D65E8EFEFC95F" author="Goidanich, A" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino del Laboratorio di Entomologia del R. Istituto Superiore Agrario di Bologna" pageId="20" pageNumber="87" pagination="246 - 261" title="Materiali per lo studio degli Imenotteri Braconidi III." volume="6" year="1934">Goidanich (1934)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, reviewing the specimens obtained from larvae of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="941D449711C3919102B51B30C46C7CE6" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Lobesia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lobesia botrana" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="botrana">Lobesia botrana</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="AB8289DA8331324BBB825F4EB78AE59C" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Ephestia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ephestia elutella" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elutella">Ephestia elutella</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by Silvestri, assigns them to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="2D041356F80B301E91168086779F474C" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Habrobracon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Habrobracon brevicornis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevicornis">Habrobracon brevicornis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In 2014
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="838D72AB5C1F565FAA6112D11AA89264" author="Loni, A" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="21" pageNumber="88" pagination="125 - 150" title="Braconinae parasitoids (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) emerged from larvae of Lobesiabotrana (Denis & Schiffermueller) (Lepidoptera, Tortricidae) feeding on Daphnegnidium L." url="https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.587.8478" volume="587" year="2016">Loni et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
obtained two females of this species from a larva of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B239C9F2D0CDDFE6C2ABBC1F683F669E" class="Insecta" family="Tortricidae" genus="Lobesia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lobesia botrana" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="botrana">Lobesia botrana</taxonomicName>
|
||||
feeding on
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F20A2E42BFD50938D9B5EBB783EA4226" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Daphne" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Daphne gnidium" order="Malvales" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gnidium">Daphne gnidium</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Under the name
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="E3182934E339484CC8CBB11962E7D32C" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Habrobracon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Habrobracon brevicornis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevicornis">Habrobracon brevicornis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
it was known as a major parasitoid of the European Corn Borer
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="642664BACF55155B2DE7FE04D9E74026" class="Insecta" family="Crambidae" genus="Ostrinia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ostrinia nubilalis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nubilalis">Ostrinia nubilalis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="429C8BE6A0B36BE9A787979B947D9E05" originalValue="Hübner">Huebner</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, 1796) (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D15211C2B5FB6943A900020F07258DFC" lsidName="Tortricoidea" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" rank="order">Lepidoptera</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F7E9B2CDBE7015518E27A9CF4DC59B73" family="Pyralidae" lsidName="" pageId="12" pageNumber="79" rank="family">Pyralidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), and, with the aim of controlling this pest, it was introduced and released in different locations in North America (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="E12F779CBB3B48ECAF7F6E802471F4FD" author="Goidanich, A" journalOrPublisher="Bollettino del Laboratorio di Entomologia del R. Istituto Superiore Agrario di Bologna" pageId="20" pageNumber="87" pagination="77 - 218" title="Gli insetti predatori e parassiti della Pyraustanubilalis Huebn." volume="4" year="1931">Goidanich 1931</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="8B4B5543AC5D34432EDFB808855A43B5" author="Marsh, PM" editor="Krombein, KV" journalOrPublisher="Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington DC" pageId="22" pageNumber="89" pagination="144 - 295" title="Braconidae." volumeTitle="Catalog of Hymenoptera in America North of Mexico" year="1979">Marsh 1979</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="A0CA4E7CEF9E9DC4EF0D755E9AF86BBC" author="Yu, DSK" journalOrPublisher="Ottawa" pageId="25" pageNumber="92" title="Taxapad 2012, Ichneumonoidea 2011. Database on flash-drive" url="www.taxapad.com" year="2012">Yu et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
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