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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.713.15118" ID-PMC="PMC5704199" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-713-25" ID-Pensoft-UUID="370AD3727044836321045A4EFF83FF8B" ID-PubMed="29187791" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1149978" ID-ZooBank="1552B2A9DC99484592CFE68920C8427E" ModsDocID="1313-2970-713-25" checkinTime="1509722118193" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Kamimura, Yoshitaka &amp; Ferreira, Rodrigo L." docDate="2017" docId="08C81F26CAEF5D0582D28C613C8278E4" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 713: 25-52" docOrigin="ZooKeys 713" docPubDate="2017-11-02" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.713.15118" docTitle="Cylindrogaster sp. 2" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="370AD3727044836321045A4EFF83FF8B" lastPageNumber="33" masterDocId="370AD3727044836321045A4EFF83FF8B" masterDocTitle="Earwigs from Brazilian caves, with notes on the taxonomic and nomenclatural problems of the Dermaptera (Insecta)" masterLastPageNumber="52" masterPageNumber="25" pageNumber="33" updateTime="1668165092406" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Earwigs from Brazilian caves, with notes on the taxonomic and nomenclatural problems of the Dermaptera (Insecta)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Kamimura, Yoshitaka</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Biology, Keio University, 4 - 1 - 1 Hiyoshi, Yokohama 223 - 8521, Japan</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">kamimura@fbc.keio.ac.jp</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Ferreira, Rodrigo L.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Center of Studies in Subterranean Biology, Biology Department, Federal University of Lavras, CEP 37200 - 000 Lavras (MG), Brazil</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2017-11-02</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>713</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>25</mods:start>
<mods:end>52</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.713.15118</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.713.15118</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-713-25</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">1552B2A9DC99484592CFE68920C8427E</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">370AD3727044836321045A4EFF83FF8B</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">1149978</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182230342" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:08C81F26CAEF5D0582D28C613C8278E4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/08C81F26CAEF5D0582D28C613C8278E4" lastPageNumber="33" pageId="8" pageNumber="33">
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="33" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="33">
<taxonomicName LSID="08C81F26-CAEF-5D05-82D2-8C613C8278E4" authority="sp. 2" authorityName="sp. 2" class="Insecta" family="Pygidicranidae" genus="Cylindrogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cylindrogaster" order="Dermaptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<pageBreakToken pageId="8" pageNumber="33" start="start">Cylindrogaster</pageBreakToken>
sp. 2
</taxonomicName>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 12–22" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 12 - 22. 12 - 17 Cylindrogaster sp. 1 (female): habitus (12), spiny ridges (indicated by the blue arrowheads) on the mesothorax (13), wing base of the left hindwing (14), and genital regions (15 - 17) 18 - 21 Cylindrogaster sp. 2 (female): habitus (18), spiny ridges (indicated by the blue arrowheads) on the mesothorax (19), fustis of the left hindwing (20), and genital regions (21) 22 Cylindrogaster sp. (nymph): detail of cercus. Scale bars 3 mm for Figs 12, 18; 0.5 mm for Figs 13 - 15, 19 - 22; 200 μm for Figs 16, 17." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.713.15118.figures12-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/165933" pageId="8" pageNumber="33">Figs 18-21</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="33" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="33">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="33">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2011-02-17" collectorName="Cave N, Parauapebas, Para" country="ISLA" location="ISLA" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1">
<specimenCount type="female">1 ♀</specimenCount>
,
<collectorName>Cave N</collectorName>
5SM1-017,
<collectorName>Parauapebas</collectorName>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pará">
<collectorName>Para</collectorName>
</normalizedToken>
,
<collectingDate value="2011-02-17">17.ii.2011</collectingDate>
, CARSTE leg. (
<collectingCountry name="Iceland">ISLA</collectingCountry>
15558)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="33" type="association with caves">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="33">Association with caves.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="33">
The specimen was found in the cave N5SM1-017 (also known as GEM-1190 cave). This cave consists of a shallow iron ore cave (14 m horizontal projection), located in
<normalizedToken originalValue="Carajás">Carajas</normalizedToken>
region (
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pará">Para</normalizedToken>
state, Brazil). The surrounding vegetation is composed of Amazon forest with a dense canopy. The cave has only one wide and shaded entrance, with the presence of vegetation (lichens, moss, and ferns). Furthermore, it does not present an aphotic zone, being lightened throughout its whole extension. The litter is abundant near the entrance zone and sparse in the rest of the cavity. Several caves were sampled in this region, and as a single specimen was found, it is likely that this species is accidental or seeks only temporarily shelter in caves.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="8" pageNumber="33" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="33">Description and remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="8" pageNumber="33">
The genital structures of this species are essentially similar to those of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Pygidicranidae" genus="Cylindrogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cylindrogaster" order="Dermaptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="33">Cylindrogaster</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 1, but the spermatheca was missing likely due to incorrect dissection.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Pygidicranidae" genus="Cylindrogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cylindrogaster" order="Dermaptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="33">Cylindrogaster</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 2 differs from
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Pygidicranidae" genus="Cylindrogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cylindrogaster" order="Dermaptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="33">Cylindrogaster</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 1 in having triangular shaped
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="33">gl9</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 12–22" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 12 - 22. 12 - 17 Cylindrogaster sp. 1 (female): habitus (12), spiny ridges (indicated by the blue arrowheads) on the mesothorax (13), wing base of the left hindwing (14), and genital regions (15 - 17) 18 - 21 Cylindrogaster sp. 2 (female): habitus (18), spiny ridges (indicated by the blue arrowheads) on the mesothorax (19), fustis of the left hindwing (20), and genital regions (21) 22 Cylindrogaster sp. (nymph): detail of cercus. Scale bars 3 mm for Figs 12, 18; 0.5 mm for Figs 13 - 15, 19 - 22; 200 μm for Figs 16, 17." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.713.15118.figures12-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/165933" pageId="8" pageNumber="33">21</figureCitation>
) vs. finger-like in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Pygidicranidae" genus="Cylindrogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cylindrogaster" order="Dermaptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="33">Cylindrogaster</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 1 (Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 12–22" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 12 - 22. 12 - 17 Cylindrogaster sp. 1 (female): habitus (12), spiny ridges (indicated by the blue arrowheads) on the mesothorax (13), wing base of the left hindwing (14), and genital regions (15 - 17) 18 - 21 Cylindrogaster sp. 2 (female): habitus (18), spiny ridges (indicated by the blue arrowheads) on the mesothorax (19), fustis of the left hindwing (20), and genital regions (21) 22 Cylindrogaster sp. (nymph): detail of cercus. Scale bars 3 mm for Figs 12, 18; 0.5 mm for Figs 13 - 15, 19 - 22; 200 μm for Figs 16, 17." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.713.15118.figures12-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/165933" pageId="8" pageNumber="33">15</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 12–22" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 12 - 22. 12 - 17 Cylindrogaster sp. 1 (female): habitus (12), spiny ridges (indicated by the blue arrowheads) on the mesothorax (13), wing base of the left hindwing (14), and genital regions (15 - 17) 18 - 21 Cylindrogaster sp. 2 (female): habitus (18), spiny ridges (indicated by the blue arrowheads) on the mesothorax (19), fustis of the left hindwing (20), and genital regions (21) 22 Cylindrogaster sp. (nymph): detail of cercus. Scale bars 3 mm for Figs 12, 18; 0.5 mm for Figs 13 - 15, 19 - 22; 200 μm for Figs 16, 17." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.713.15118.figures12-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/165933" pageId="8" pageNumber="33">16</figureCitation>
), as well as a much smaller body size (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 12–22" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 12 - 22. 12 - 17 Cylindrogaster sp. 1 (female): habitus (12), spiny ridges (indicated by the blue arrowheads) on the mesothorax (13), wing base of the left hindwing (14), and genital regions (15 - 17) 18 - 21 Cylindrogaster sp. 2 (female): habitus (18), spiny ridges (indicated by the blue arrowheads) on the mesothorax (19), fustis of the left hindwing (20), and genital regions (21) 22 Cylindrogaster sp. (nymph): detail of cercus. Scale bars 3 mm for Figs 12, 18; 0.5 mm for Figs 13 - 15, 19 - 22; 200 μm for Figs 16, 17." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.713.15118.figures12-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/165933" pageId="8" pageNumber="33">18</figureCitation>
vs. 12). The wing and mesothoracic structures of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Pygidicranidae" genus="Cylindrogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cylindrogaster" order="Dermaptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="33">Cylindrogaster</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 2 were basically the same as those of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Pygidicranidae" genus="Cylindrogaster" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cylindrogaster" order="Dermaptera" pageId="8" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="33">Cylindrogaster</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. 1. Refer to Figures
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 12–22" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 12 - 22. 12 - 17 Cylindrogaster sp. 1 (female): habitus (12), spiny ridges (indicated by the blue arrowheads) on the mesothorax (13), wing base of the left hindwing (14), and genital regions (15 - 17) 18 - 21 Cylindrogaster sp. 2 (female): habitus (18), spiny ridges (indicated by the blue arrowheads) on the mesothorax (19), fustis of the left hindwing (20), and genital regions (21) 22 Cylindrogaster sp. (nymph): detail of cercus. Scale bars 3 mm for Figs 12, 18; 0.5 mm for Figs 13 - 15, 19 - 22; 200 μm for Figs 16, 17." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.713.15118.figures12-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/165933" pageId="8" pageNumber="33">19</figureCitation>
and
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 12–22" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figures 12 - 22. 12 - 17 Cylindrogaster sp. 1 (female): habitus (12), spiny ridges (indicated by the blue arrowheads) on the mesothorax (13), wing base of the left hindwing (14), and genital regions (15 - 17) 18 - 21 Cylindrogaster sp. 2 (female): habitus (18), spiny ridges (indicated by the blue arrowheads) on the mesothorax (19), fustis of the left hindwing (20), and genital regions (21) 22 Cylindrogaster sp. (nymph): detail of cercus. Scale bars 3 mm for Figs 12, 18; 0.5 mm for Figs 13 - 15, 19 - 22; 200 μm for Figs 16, 17." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.713.15118.figures12-22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/165933" pageId="8" pageNumber="33">20</figureCitation>
for images of the spiny ridges and fustis, respectively.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<document ENCODING="UTF-8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4366680" ID-GBIF-Dataset="30a30384-6c1c-4942-8396-9aad30ad290b" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164014880" ID-ISBN="978-0-9506207-7-0" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4366680" checkinTime="1588973727504" checkinUser="admin" docAuthor="Jarvis, Charlie" docDate="2007" docId="08C834940F43A3B99431B59F490C0339" docLanguage="en" docName="ch7.gg.R.xml" docOrigin="Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types, London: Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum" docTitle="Ranunculus sardous Crantz 1763" docType="treatment" docVersion="9" lastPageNumber="787" masterDocId="AAF5FF0F61E032BFAD683FA15F94AF54" masterDocTitle="Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part R)" masterLastPageNumber="805" masterPageNumber="785" pageNumber="787" updateTime="1642016757507" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Chapter 7: Linnaean Plant Names and their Types (part R)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Jarvis, Charlie</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London, UK</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:originInfo>
<mods:dateIssued>2007</mods:dateIssued>
<mods:publisher>Linnaean Society of London in association with the Natural History Museum</mods:publisher>
<mods:place>
<mods:placeTerm>London</mods:placeTerm>
</mods:place>
</mods:originInfo>
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Order out of Chaos. Linnaean Plant Types and their Types</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>785</mods:start>
<mods:end>805</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification>book chapter</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.291971</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ISBN">978-0-9506207-7-0</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">291971</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4366680" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164014880" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4366680" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:08C834940F43A3B99431B59F490C0339" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/08C834940F43A3B99431B59F490C0339" lastPageNumber="787" pageNumber="787">
<subSubSection pageNumber="787" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageNumber="787">
<bibCitation author="Linnaeus" pagination="380" title="Ranunculus parvulus" volumeTitle="Systema Naturae, ed. 12, 2" year="1767">
<treatmentCitation author="Linnaeus" pageNumber="380" year="1767">
<taxonomicName authority="Linnaeus" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1767" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Ranunculus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parvulus">
<emphasis bold="true" pageNumber="787">Ranunculus parvulus</emphasis>
Linnaeus
</taxonomicName>
,
<volumeTitle>
<emphasis italics="true" pageNumber="787">Systema Naturae</emphasis>
, ed. 12, 2
</volumeTitle>
: 380;
<emphasis italics="true" pageNumber="787">
<volumeTitle>Mantissa Plantarum</volumeTitle>
</emphasis>
: 79. 1767
</treatmentCitation>
</bibCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageNumber="787" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageNumber="787">&quot;Habitat Monspelii inque Italia.&quot; RCN: 092.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageNumber="787" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageNumber="787">
Replaced synonym:
<taxonomicName authority="Gouan (1765)" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1759" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Ranunculus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parviflorus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageNumber="787">Ranunculus parviflorus</emphasis>
Gouan (1765)
</taxonomicName>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageNumber="787">nom. illeg.</emphasis>
, non L. (1759).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageNumber="787" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageNumber="787">Type not designated.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageNumber="787" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageNumber="787">
Current name:
<taxonomicName authority="Crantz" authorityName="Crantz" authorityYear="1763" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Ranunculus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sardous">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageNumber="787">Ranunculus sardous</emphasis>
Crantz
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Ranunculaceae</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageNumber="787" type="discussion">
<paragraph pageNumber="787">
<emphasis italics="true" pageNumber="787">Note:</emphasis>
Evidently a
<emphasis italics="true" pageNumber="787">nomen novum</emphasis>
for
<taxonomicName authority="Gouan" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1759" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Ranunculus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parviflorus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageNumber="787">R. parviflorus</emphasis>
Gouan
</taxonomicName>
(in
<emphasis italics="true" pageNumber="787">
<volumeTitle>Flora Monspeliaca</volumeTitle>
</emphasis>
: 270. 1765), non L.,
<emphasis italics="true" pageNumber="787">Syst. Nat.</emphasis>
, ed. 10, 2: 1087 (1759). Linnaeus cited Gouan explicitly in the synonymy of
<emphasis italics="true" pageNumber="787">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1767" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Ranunculus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ranunculales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="parvulus">R. parvulus</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.61.8142" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0f7de25e-1095-4146-a425-ea7679b97e6d" ID-GBIF-Taxon="127880310" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1860-1324-2" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1860-1324-2" ModsDocOrigin="Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 61 (2)" ModsDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of Parallelodemas Faust from South China (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Baridinae), with notes on sexually dimorphic characters" checkinTime="1418151545403" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Prena, Jens &amp; Zhang, Runzhi" docDate="2014" docId="08C864D5D2A1B0910BD908016F8C241E" docLanguage="en" docName="DeutEntomolZeit 61(2): 105-119" docOrigin="Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift 61 (2)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.61.8142" docTitle="Parallelodemas imperfectum Faust" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="111" masterDocId="FF98E063FFD3FFECFFD17C7CA0445C31" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of Parallelodemas Faust from South China (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Baridinae), with notes on sexually dimorphic characters" masterLastPageNumber="119" masterPageNumber="105" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" updateTime="1643525443910" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>A taxonomic revision of Parallelodemas Faust from South China (Coleoptera, Curculionidae, Baridinae), with notes on sexually dimorphic characters</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Prena, Jens</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Zhang, Runzhi</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>61</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
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<mods:number>2</mods:number>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.61.8142</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/dez.61.8142</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1860-1324-2</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">B449C54C-A8A8-4B00-826A-ED41A3BE9D53</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="127880310" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:08C864D5D2A1B0910BD908016F8C241E" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/08C864D5D2A1B0910BD908016F8C241E" lastPageNumber="111" pageId="6" pageNumber="111">
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="111" type="multiple">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="111">Taxon classification Animalia Coleoptera Curculionidae</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="111" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="111">
<taxonomicName authority="Faust" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Parallelodemas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parallelodemas imperfectum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imperfectum">Parallelodemas imperfectum Faust</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="111" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="111">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Parallelodemas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parallelodemas imperfecta" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imperfecta">Parallelodemas imperfecta</taxonomicName>
[sic]
<bibRefCitation author="Faust, J" journalOrPublisher="Annali del Museo civico di storia naturale di Genova" pageId="12" pageNumber="117" pagination="153 - 370" title="Viaggio di Leonardo Fea in Birmania e regioni vicine. LX. Curculionidae." url="10.5962/bhl.title.48832" volume="34" year="1894">Faust 1894</bibRefCitation>
: 310. Lectotype male (dissected), designated here, labeled &quot;Carin Cheba/ 900-1100 m/ L. Fea V XII-88&quot;, &quot;
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Parallelodemas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parallelodemas imperfecta" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imperfecta">imperfecta</taxonomicName>
/ Faust&quot;, &quot;
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Parallelodemas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parallelodemas" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Parallelodemas</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Parallelodemas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parallelodemas imperfecta" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imperfecta">imperfecta</taxonomicName>
/ sp. n.&quot;, &quot;
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Parallelodemas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parallelodemas" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Parallelodemas</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Parallelodemas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parallelodemas imperfecta" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imperfecta">imperfecta</taxonomicName>
/ ♂ ♀&quot;, &quot;SYNTYPUS/
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Parallelodemas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parallelodemas" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Parallelodemas</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Parallelodemas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parallelodemas imperfecta" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imperfecta">imperfecta</taxonomicName>
/ Faust, 1894&quot;, &quot;Museo Civico/ di Genova&quot;, &quot;Lectotype/
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Parallelodemas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parallelodemas imperfectum" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="imperfectum">Parallelodemas imperfectum</taxonomicName>
/ Faust (Prena &amp; Zhang/ design. 2014)&quot; (MSNG). Paralectotypes 2: Carin Cheba, Myanmar (MSNG 1, SNSD 1).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="111" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="111">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="111">
This species can be recognized by its characteristic tarsus: the enlarged third tarsite is barely excised anteriorly and the fifth is greatly reduced (Fig. 5).
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Parallelodemas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parallelodemas docile" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="docile">Parallelodemas docile</taxonomicName>
has a larger fifth tarsite and is more elongate.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="111" type="redescription">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="111">Redescription.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="111">
Length 5.4-6.4 mm, width 1.5-2.1 mm; integument black, antenna and sometimes parts of legs and ventrites brown; ventral side with undivided setae, basic vestiture on pronotum and elytron absent, imbricate yellowish white squamiform setae at base of elytral interstria 3, postmedially on interstriae 3-4, ventrally and laterally on thorax and abdomen (including basolateral angles of pronotum) and on ventral face of pro- and mesofemora; eyes flush with head contour; frons and base of rostrum glabrous; male rostrum 0.94
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as pronotum, ventrally without setae, prorostrum 0.35
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
rostral length and slightly spatulate in dorsal view, epistome moderately notched in 1 female [worn in other specimens including male], antennal scape ventrally without long setae, club 1.4
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide; female rostrum 1.02
<normalizedToken originalValue="–1.07×">-1.07x</normalizedToken>
as long as pronotum, prorostrum 0.50
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
rostral length; prosternum gradually sloping in front of coxa, basal lobe slightly notched; pro- and mesofemora ventrally with recumbent squamiform setae; tarsus with tarsite 3 moderately enlarged, subcordate, anterior margin straight and only indistinctly excised, tarsite 5 minute (Fig. 5); penis 3.0
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
as long as wide, slightly tapering in apical third as in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Parallelodemas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parallelodemas docile" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="docile">Parallelodemas docile</taxonomicName>
(Fig. 16) but with apex more pointed, internal sac with Y-shaped sclerite; spermatheca with nodulus and ramus short (as
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Parallelodemas" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Parallelodemas docile" order="Coleoptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="111" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="docile">Parallelodemas docile</taxonomicName>
, Fig. 25).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="111" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="111">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="111">The species is known from one site in Myanmar.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="111" type="material examined">
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="111">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="111">MYANMAR. Kayin: Karen Hills [ca. 25-35 km NE of Taungoo, 900-1100 m], V/1888, L. Fea (MSNG 2, SNSD 1).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

166
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<mods:title>A review of the Augochloropsis (Hymenoptera, Halictidae) and keys to the shiny green Halictinae of the midwestern United States</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Cariveau, Daniel P.</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName LSID="08C86848-7F67-5DD9-9487-910CFC28984D" authority="(Say)" baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1837" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Augochlora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Augochlora (Augochlora) pura" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pura" subGenus="Augochlora">Augochlora (Augochlora) pura (Say)</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1837" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Augochlora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Augochlora pura" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pura">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Augochlora pura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is most similar to
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Smith" baseAuthorityYear="1853" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Augochlorella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Augochlorella aurata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aurata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Augochlorella aurata</emphasis>
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and
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Viereck" baseAuthorityYear="1910" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Augochlorella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Augochlorella persimilis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="persimilis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Augochlorella persimilis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Both sexes of
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1837" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Augochlora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Augochlora pura" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pura">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Augochlora pura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be recognized by the distinct and prominent facial lobes (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Characters to separate Augochlora and Augochlorella A S 1 of Augochlora pura female with a median keel indicated by red arrow B Augochlora pura male rear propodeum showing distinct punctures C Augochlora pura female face with protruding paraocular lobe indicated by red arrow D Augochlorella aurata female face with undeveloped paraocular lobe indicated by red arrow E Augochlora pura male face with protruding paraocular lobe indicated by red arrow F Augochlorella aurata male with undeveloped paraocular lobe indicated by red arrow. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1130.86413.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/771312" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">3C, E</figureCitation>
), which extend below the level of the base of the mandible and are stronger than those found in
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sandhouse" authorityYear="1937" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Augochlorella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Augochlorella" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Augochlorella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but the difference is subtle and easy to confuse. Female
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Augochlora pura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are unique in having a keel on S1 (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Characters to separate Augochlora and Augochlorella A S 1 of Augochlora pura female with a median keel indicated by red arrow B Augochlora pura male rear propodeum showing distinct punctures C Augochlora pura female face with protruding paraocular lobe indicated by red arrow D Augochlorella aurata female face with undeveloped paraocular lobe indicated by red arrow E Augochlora pura male face with protruding paraocular lobe indicated by red arrow F Augochlorella aurata male with undeveloped paraocular lobe indicated by red arrow. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1130.86413.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/771312" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">3A</figureCitation>
) and the hind tibial spur is simple. In addition, the mandibles of
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1837" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Augochlora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Augochlora pura" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pura">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Augochlora pura</emphasis>
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females are more robust, with 2 distinct and nearly equally-sized apical teeth, whereas
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sandhouse" authorityYear="1937" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Augochlorella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Augochlorella" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Augochlorella</emphasis>
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have 1 main tooth and a smaller subapical tooth.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
Males of
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1837" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Augochlora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Augochlora pura" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pura">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Augochlora pura</emphasis>
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can be further recognized from
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sandhouse" authorityYear="1937" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Augochlorella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Augochlorella" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Augochlorella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by their straight apical margin on S4 (compared to concave in
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Augochlorella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and they have distinct punctures on the rear of the propodeum (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Characters to separate Augochlora and Augochlorella A S 1 of Augochlora pura female with a median keel indicated by red arrow B Augochlora pura male rear propodeum showing distinct punctures C Augochlora pura female face with protruding paraocular lobe indicated by red arrow D Augochlorella aurata female face with undeveloped paraocular lobe indicated by red arrow E Augochlora pura male face with protruding paraocular lobe indicated by red arrow F Augochlorella aurata male with undeveloped paraocular lobe indicated by red arrow. Scale bars: 1 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1130.86413.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/771312" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">3B</figureCitation>
), compared to impunctate or obscure punctures in
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Augochlorella</emphasis>
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males (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Characters to separate Agapostemon from Augochlorini: Complete raised carina on the rear face of the propodeum in Agapostemon A female and B male. Incomplete carina in C Augochloropsis female and D Augochlorella male E Agapostemon male hind leg with first two tarsomeres fused (red arrow pointing to point of fusion)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1130.86413.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/771311" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">2D</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="103" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="103">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1853" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Augochlora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Augochlora" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Augochlora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName authorityName="Sandhouse" authorityYear="1937" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Augochlorella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Augochlorella" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Augochlorella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are frequently confused in collections, especially males. Midwestern specimens of
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1837" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Augochlora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Augochlora pura" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pura">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Augochlora pura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
fall under subspecies
<taxonomicName authority="pura" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Augochlora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Augochlora pura subsp. pura" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pura" subSpecies="pura">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Augochlora pura pura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. More work is needed to determine whether
<taxonomicName authority="pura" class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Augochlora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Augochlora pura subsp. pura" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pura" subSpecies="pura">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Augochlora pura pura</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Halictidae" genus="Augochlora" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Augochlora pura subsp. mosieri" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="pura" subSpecies="mosieri">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="103">Augochlora pura mosieri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Cockerell are distinct taxa.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>