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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.701.13261" ID-GBIF-Dataset="a9b15909-ea61-40d7-ba04-325b8af91669" ID-PMC="PMC5674090" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-701-1" ID-PubMed="29118596" ID-ZBK="23BDD7CE1C7E4D2092A8ED47267579FD" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1313-2970-701-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 701" ModsDocTitle="Revision of torrent mites (Parasitengona, Torrenticolidae, Torrenticola) of the United States and Canada: 90 descriptions, molecular phylogenetics, and a key to species" checkinTime="1506095869158" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Fisher, J. Ray, Fisher, Danielle M., Skvarla, Michael J., Nelson, Whitney A. & Dowling, Ashley P. G." docDate="2017" docId="E94C7E0838592BCF2EFE6F4D10A5B0E5" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 701: 1-496" docOrigin="ZooKeys 701" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.701.13261" docTitle="Torrenticola copipalpa Fisher & Dowling, sp. n." docType="treatment" docUuid="11564193-319A-4192-927A-890726F7D52D" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="1" masterDocId="3D440132FFABFFFC1505FFA0FFDDEA09" masterDocTitle="Revision of torrent mites (Parasitengona, Torrenticolidae, Torrenticola) of the United States and Canada: 90 descriptions, molecular phylogenetics, and a key to species" masterLastPageNumber="496" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="1" updateTime="1668164828938" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
|
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:title>Revision of torrent mites (Parasitengona, Torrenticolidae, Torrenticola) of the United States and Canada: 90 descriptions, molecular phylogenetics, and a key to species</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Fisher, J. Ray</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Fisher, Danielle M.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
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||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Skvarla, Michael J.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role>
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||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
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||||
<mods:namePart>Nelson, Whitney A.</mods:namePart>
|
||||
</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:name type="personal">
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||||
<mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart>Dowling, Ashley P. G.</mods:namePart>
|
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</mods:name>
|
||||
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
|
||||
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:part>
|
||||
<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
|
||||
<mods:detail type="volume">
|
||||
<mods:number>701</mods:number>
|
||||
</mods:detail>
|
||||
<mods:extent unit="page">
|
||||
<mods:start>1</mods:start>
|
||||
<mods:end>496</mods:end>
|
||||
</mods:extent>
|
||||
</mods:part>
|
||||
</mods:relatedItem>
|
||||
<mods:location>
|
||||
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.701.13261</mods:url>
|
||||
</mods:location>
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||||
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.701.13261</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1313-2970-701-1</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="ZBK">23BDD7CE1C7E4D2092A8ED47267579FD</mods:identifier>
|
||||
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">23BDD7CE1C7E4D2092A8ED47267579FD</mods:identifier>
|
||||
</mods:mods>
|
||||
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="134839615" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:11564193-319A-4192-927A-890726F7D52D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E94C7E0838592BCF2EFE6F4D10A5B0E5" lastPageNumber="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/11564193-319A-4192-927A-890726F7D52D" authority="Fisher & Dowling" class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Torrenticola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torrenticola copipalpa" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="copipalpa">Torrenticola copipalpa Fisher & Dowling</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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HOLOTYPE (♀): from USA, Oregon, Lane County, Gate Creek (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="44.146667">44°8'48"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-122.57222">122°34'20"W</geoCoordinate>
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), 11 Aug 2013, by JC
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<normalizedToken originalValue="O’Neill">O'Neill</normalizedToken>
|
||||
, & WA Nelson, JNOW 13-0811-001.
|
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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PARATYPES (20 ♀; 26 ♂): California, USA: 1 ♀ from Alpine County, Markleeville Creek (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="38.694168">38°41'39"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-119.77806">119°46'41"W</geoCoordinate>
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), 30 Aug 2013, by JR Fisher, JRF 13-0830-001
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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1 ♀ from Del Norte County, Six Rivers National Forest, Middle Fork Smith River (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="41.855553">41°51'20"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-123.88611">123°53'10"W</geoCoordinate>
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), 15 Aug 2013, by JR Fisher, JRF 13-0815-002
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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5 ♂ from El Dorado County, El Dorado National Forest, Taylor Creek (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="38.933056">38°55'59"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-120.05584">120°3'21"W</geoCoordinate>
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), 27 Aug 2013, by JR Fisher, JRF 13-0827-003
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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1 ♀ from Mendocino County, Cottaneva Creek, beside Route 1, 21.8 kilometers southwest of Route 101, 5 Aug 1987, by IM Smith, IMS870129A
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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2 ♂ from Trinity County, small cascading trickle beside Route 36, 5.2 kilometers west of Forest Glen Station, 6 Aug 1987, by IM Smith, IMS870132
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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1 ♂ from Trinity County, South Fork of Trinity River, beside Route 36 at Forest Glen campground, 6 Aug 1987, by IM Smith, IMS870131
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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Oregon, USA: 2 ♂ from Coos County, Gaylord, Coquille Myrtle Grove State Park, Coquille River, 2 Jul 1983, by IM Smith, IMS830014
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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||||
3 ♀ and 3 ♂ from Coos County, Siskiyou National Forest, Road 33 between Powers & Agness, Coal Creek, 2 Jul 1983, by IM Smith, IMS830015
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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2 ♂ from Coos County, Siskiyou National Forest, Road 33 between Powers & Agness, Daphne Grove campground, Coquille River, 2 Jul 1983, by IM Smith, IMS830016
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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1 ♂ from Coos County, Siskiyou National Forest, Road 33 between Powers & Agness, Daphne Grove campground, 2 Jul 1983, by IM Smith, IMS830017
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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1 ♀ and 1 ♂ from Curry County, Port Orford, Butler Bar campground, Elk River, 25 Jun 1976, by IM Smith, IMS760162
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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1 ♀ from Curry County, Port Orford, Butler Bar campground, Elk River, 25-26 Jun 1976, by IM Smith, IMS760163
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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||||
2 ♂ from Curry County, Port Orford, small spring run beside road from Humbug Mountain State Park to McGribble campground, 25 Jun 1976, by IM Smith, IMS760161
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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3 ♂ from Curry County, Port Orford, Humbug Mountain State Park Picnic Area, beside Route 1, Brush Creek, 1 Jul 1983, by IM Smith, IMS830012
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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||||
1 ♀ from Curry County, Port Orford, Humbug Mountain State Park Picnic Area, beside Route 1, Brush Creek, 3 Jul 1983, by IM Smith, IMS830020A
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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2 ♀ from Curry County, Quosatana Creek (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="42.489166">42°29'21"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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||||
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-124.23389">124°14'2"W</geoCoordinate>
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), 14 Aug 2013, JR Fisher, JRF 13-0814-003
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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1 ♀ from Curry County, Rogue River National Forest, Elk River (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="42.71278">42°42'46"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-124.31139">124°18'41"W</geoCoordinate>
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), 13 Aug 2013, by JR Fisher, JRF 13-0813-003
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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4 ♀ and 3 ♂ from Curry County, Sixes, Sixes River, beside road at mouth of Edson Creek, 4 Jul 1983, by IM Smith, IMS830021A
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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1 ♂ (ALLOTYPE) from Lane County, Gate Creek (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="44.146667">44°8'48"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-122.57222">122°34'20"W</geoCoordinate>
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), 11 Aug 2013, by JC
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<normalizedToken originalValue="O’Neill">O'Neill</normalizedToken>
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, & WA Nelson, JNOW 13-0811-001
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<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
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4 ♀ from Lane County, Gate Creek (
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<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="44.146667">44°8'48"N</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-122.57222">122°34'20"W</geoCoordinate>
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), 11 Aug 2013, by JC
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<normalizedToken originalValue="O’Neill">O'Neill</normalizedToken>
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, & WA Nelson, JNOW 13-0811-001.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type deposition">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type deposition.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype (♀), allotype (♂), and other paratypes (15 ♀; 20 ♂) deposited in the CNC; other paratypes (5 ♀; 5 ♂) deposited in ACUA.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Torrenticola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torrenticola copipalpa" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="copipalpa">Torrenticola copipalpa</taxonomicName>
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are similar to members of the Miniforma group (
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. manni" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="manni">T. manni</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. miniforma" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="miniforma">T. miniforma</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. oliveri" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="oliveri">T. oliveri</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. pacificensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pacificensis">T. pacificensis</taxonomicName>
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,
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. pinocchio" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pinocchio">T. pinocchio</taxonomicName>
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, and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. rockyensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="rockyensis">T. rockyensis</taxonomicName>
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) in having short, stocky pedipalps (except
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. oliveri" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="oliveri">T. oliveri</taxonomicName>
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and
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. pinocchio" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pinocchio">T. pinocchio</taxonomicName>
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); similar pedipalpal extensions (unique to members of this group); and being among the smallest
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<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Torrenticola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torrenticola" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Torrenticola</taxonomicName>
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in the west (dorsum 500-625 long) (except
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. oliveri" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="oliveri">T. oliveri</taxonomicName>
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).
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. copipalpa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="copipalpa">T. copipalpa</taxonomicName>
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are best differentiated from all other Miniforma group (except
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. pinocchio" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pinocchio">T. pinocchio</taxonomicName>
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) by having broad, flat pedipalp femoral tubercles (conical/tuberculate in all others).
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. copipalpa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="copipalpa">T. copipalpa</taxonomicName>
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can be differentiated from
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. pinocchio" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pinocchio">T. pinocchio</taxonomicName>
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by having a less elongate rostrum (length/width = 2.5-3.0 in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. copipalpa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="copipalpa">T. copipalpa</taxonomicName>
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, 4.5-4.9 in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. pinocchio" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pinocchio">T. pinocchio</taxonomicName>
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) and less elongate pedipalpal tibiae (length/width = 2.4-2.9 in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. copipalpa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="copipalpa">T. copipalpa</taxonomicName>
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, 3.1-3.5 in
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<taxonomicName lsidName="T. pinocchio" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pinocchio">T. pinocchio</taxonomicName>
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).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Female (Figure 42) (n = 6) (holotype measurements in parentheses when available) with characters of the genus with following specifications.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dorsum - (555-605 (605) long; 380-420 (420) wide) ovoid and usually colorless, occasionally with faint purple coloration without distinct pattern. Anterio-medial platelets (115-127.5 (127.5) long; 47.5-57.5 (57.5) wide). Anterio-lateral platelets (162.5-180 (180) long; 53.75-62.5 (62.5) wide) free from dorsal plate. Dgl-4 much closer to the edge of the dorsum than to the muscle scars (distance between Dgl-4 290-335 (335)). Dorsal plate proportions: dorsum length/width 1.39-1.47 (1.44); dorsal width/distance between Dgl-4 1.25-1.32 (1.25); anterio-medial platelet length/width 2.13-2.42 (2.22); anterio-lateral platelet length/width 2.87-3.04 (2.88); anterio-lateral/anterio-medial length 1.35-1.46 (1.41).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gnathosoma - Subcapitulum (312.5-337.5 (337.5) long (ventral); 228-257.5 (257.5) long (dorsal); 117.5-130 (125) tall) colorless. Rostrum (122.5-135 (130) long; 42.5-47.5 (45) wide). Chelicerae (313-341 (340) long) with curved fangs (50-59 (55) long). Subcapitular proportions: ventral length/height 2.58-2.70 (2.70); rostrum length/width 2.72-2.94 (2.89). Pedipalps short and stocky (especially tibiae) with broad, dentate, and anteriorly-directed ventral extensions on femora and dentate, flanged ventral extensions on genua. Palpomeres: trochanter (30-35 (35) long); femur (90-100 (97.5) long); genu (62.5-67.5 (67.5) long); tibia (52.5-58.75 (57.5) long; 20-22.5 (21.25) wide); tarsus (15-17.5 (15) long). Palpomere proportions: femur/genu 1.44-1.51 (1.41); tibia/femur 0.55-0.61 (0.59); tibia length/width 2.59-2.71 (2.71).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Venter - (690-760 (760) long; 438-520 (520) wide) colorless. Gnathosomal bay (136.25-152.5 (152.5) long; 75-82.5 (80) wide). Cxgl-4 subapical. Medial suture (40-45 (45) long). Genital plates (152.5-165 (165) long; 137.5-160 (160) wide). Additional measurements: Cx-1 (261-290 (290) long (total); 108-155 (155) long (medial)); Cx-3 (268-320 (320) wide); anterior venter (187.5-210 (210) long). Ventral proportions: gnathosomal bay length/width 1.65-1.97 (1.91); anterior venter/genital field length 1.19-1.28 (1.27); anterior venter length/genital field width 1.31-1.40 (1.31); anterior venter/medial suture 4.53-4.88 (4.67).</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Male (Figure 43) (n = 6) (allotypic measurements in parentheses when available) with characters of the genus with following specifications.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dorsum - (500-570 (520) long; 355-390 (360) wide) ovoid and usually colorless, occasionally with faint purple coloration without distinct pattern. Anterio-medial platelets (105-117.5 (105) long; 45-56.25 (45) wide). Anterio-lateral platelets (155-167.5 (155) long; 50-60 (50) wide) free from dorsal plate. Dgl-4 much closer to the edge of the dorsum than to the muscle scars (distance between Dgl-4 285-315 (290)). Dorsal plate proportions: dorsum length/width 1.39-1.54 (1.44); dorsal width/distance between Dgl-4 1.18-1.37 (1.24); anterio-medial platelet length/width 2.09-2.37 (2.33); anterio-lateral platelet length/width 2.79-3.10 (3.10); anterio-lateral/anterio-medial length 1.32-1.48 (1.48).</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gnathosoma - Subcapitulum (280-307.5 (295) long (ventral); 215-253 (220) long (dorsal); 105-115 (105) tall) colorless. Rostrum (110-120 (115) long; 40-46.25 (40) wide). Chelicerae (280-328 (295) long) with curved fangs (45-65 (55) long). Subcapitular proportions: ventral length/height 2.67-2.81 (2.81); rostrum length/width 2.54-2.88 (2.88). Pedipalps short and stocky (especially tibiae) with broad, dentate, and anteriorly-directed ventral extensions on femora and dentate, flanged ventral extensions on genua. Palpomeres: trochanter (32.5-32.5 (32.5) long); femur (82.5-92.5 (87.5) long); genu (57.5-65 (60) long); tibia (52.5-57.5 (52.5) long; 18.75-21.25 (21.25) wide); tarsus (15-17.5 (15) long). Palpomere proportions: femur/genu 1.35-1.54 (1.46); tibia/femur 0.60-0.64 (0.60); tibia length/width 2.47-2.88 (2.47).</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Venter - (610-700 (670) long; 420-496 (440) wide) colorless. Gnathosomal bay (110-140 (130) long; 67.5-75 (75) wide). Cxgl-4 subapical. Medial suture (77.5-97.5 (77.5) long). Genital plates (130-137.5 (130) long; 100-112.5 (105) wide). Additional measurements: Cx-1 (235-263 (245) long (total); 115-130 (130) long (medial)); Cx-3 (270-300 (280) wide); anterior venter (210-232.5 (217.5) long). Ventral proportions: gnathosomal bay length/width 1.63-1.87 (1.73); anterior venter/genital field length 1.62-1.77 (1.67); anterior venter length/genital field width 2.04-2.21 (2.07); anterior venter/medial suture 2.36-2.88 (2.81).</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Immatures unknown.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Specific epithet (
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Arrenuridae" genus="Lebertioidea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lebertioidea copipalpa" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="copipalpa">copipalpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) refers to the blade-like pedipalp femoral tubercles (copis, L. small knife; palpus, L. hand, feeler), which distinguish them from similar, co-occurring species.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Northern California and western Oregon (Figure 41).</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Figure 41.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Torrenticola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torrenticola copipalpa" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="copipalpa">Torrenticola copipalpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. n. distribution.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Figure 42.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Torrenticola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torrenticola copipalpa" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="copipalpa">Torrenticola copipalpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. n. female: A dorsal plates B venter (legs removed) C subcapitulum D pedipalp (setae not accurately depicted). Scale = 100
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
Figure 43.
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Torrenticola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torrenticola copipalpa" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="copipalpa">Torrenticola copipalpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sp. n. male: A dorsal plates B venter (legs removed) C subcapitulum D pedipalp (setae not accurately depicted). Scale = 100
|
||||
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Torrenticola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torrenticola copipalpa" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="copipalpa">Torrenticola copipalpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
groups with other members of the Miniforma Complex with high support and specimens of this species are less than 1% different in COI sequence from each other. In all analyses,
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. copipalpa" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="copipalpa">T. copipalpa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
groups with three other morphologically similar species:
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. pacificensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pacificensis">T. pacificensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. manni" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="manni">T. manni</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. rockyensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="rockyensis">T. rockyensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. These three species are greater than 4% different from each other. This species overlaps with
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. miniforma" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="miniforma">T. miniforma</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in California and with
|
||||
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. pacificensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pacificensis">T. pacificensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in west-central Oregon.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Based upon overall similarity, the pedipalp genu extensions, and western distribution, we were able to place this species in the Miniforma Identification Group.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">This species hypothesis is supported by biogeography, low COI divergence within the species (0-2%) and high divergence between species (3-15%), and by the morphological characters outlined in the diagnosis.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
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