From 814ec1e4f2b3bf602736e6d42a3f90e7d2d41a43 Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: ggserver Date: Fri, 20 Dec 2024 14:14:10 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] Add updates up until 2024-12-20 14:12:02 --- .../87/03BE87F1FF80BC61ADDBFE94FD3BF94D.xml | 314 ++ .../87/03BE87F1FF80BC66ADDBF8A0FA47FC20.xml | 210 ++ .../87/03BE87F1FF80BC66ADDBF8A0FA47FE14.xml | 142 - .../87/03BE87F1FF84BC72ADDBF95EFE90F941.xml | 2766 +++++++++++++++++ .../87/03BE87F1FF87BC65ADDBFC4DFA46F925.xml | 849 +++++ .../87/03BE87F1FF91BC4BADDBFD65FDFCFD25.xml | 429 ++- .../87/03BE87F1FF92BC70ADDBF964FD24FD09.xml | 228 ++ .../87/03BE87F1FFA0BC45ADDBFD34FF65FA81.xml | 257 +- .../87/03BE87F1FFA9BC4CADDBFF24FCF6F9A1.xml | 272 +- .../87/03BE87F1FFADBC41ADDBF9CDFC87FDBA.xml | 268 +- .../87/03BE87F1FFB3BC56ADDBFE00FDFCF9F8.xml | 266 +- .../87/03BE87F1FFB7BC2EADDBF976FABBFE21.xml | 2094 +++++++++++++ .../87/03BE87F1FFB8BC5FADDBF9E6FAEDFE79.xml | 120 +- .../87/03BE87F1FFBBBC58ADDBFA9DFB7FF851.xml | 166 +- .../87/03BE87F1FFBDBC52ADDBFA28FB7DFEEE.xml | 114 +- .../87/03BE87F1FFBEBC5FADDBFDF5FB19F851.xml | 124 +- .../87/03BE87F1FFC3BC21ADDBFB7DFF65FE91.xml | 362 +++ .../87/03E787D7FFEC222F999AFF12FE2BFF40.xml | 56 +- .../87/03E787D7FFEC222F999AFF29FC79FD86.xml | 56 +- .../87/03E787D7FFEE222D999AFB94FE47F9A6.xml | 58 +- .../87/03E787D7FFEE222D999AFBD1FE01FB83.xml | 56 +- .../A8/4A3DA83107015B0FFD22FF4863F0B181.xml | 316 ++ .../87/4E1F8799FA67FF89FB09F5E444B20E1C.xml | 89 + .../87/4E1F8799FA67FF89FF0EF06042BA0F88.xml | 237 ++ 24 files changed, 8839 insertions(+), 1010 deletions(-) create mode 100644 data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FF80BC61ADDBFE94FD3BF94D.xml create mode 100644 data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FF80BC66ADDBF8A0FA47FC20.xml delete mode 100644 data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FF80BC66ADDBF8A0FA47FE14.xml create mode 100644 data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FF84BC72ADDBF95EFE90F941.xml create mode 100644 data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FF87BC65ADDBFC4DFA46F925.xml create mode 100644 data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FF92BC70ADDBF964FD24FD09.xml create mode 100644 data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FFB7BC2EADDBF976FABBFE21.xml create mode 100644 data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FFC3BC21ADDBFB7DFF65FE91.xml create mode 100644 data/4A/3D/A8/4A3DA83107015B0FFD22FF4863F0B181.xml create mode 100644 data/4E/1F/87/4E1F8799FA67FF89FB09F5E444B20E1C.xml create mode 100644 data/4E/1F/87/4E1F8799FA67FF89FF0EF06042BA0F88.xml diff --git a/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FF80BC61ADDBFE94FD3BF94D.xml b/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FF80BC61ADDBFE94FD3BF94D.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..979f5b06fca --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FF80BC61ADDBFE94FD3BF94D.xml @@ -0,0 +1,314 @@ + + + +Revision of Iphione Kinberg, 1856 (Annelida, Aphroditiformia, Iphionidae) + + + +Author + +Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I. +0000-0002-6931-0694 +Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 +ssalazar@ecosur.mx + + + +Author + +Piotrowski, Christina N. +0000-0002-1655-4097 +Collections Manager of Invertebrate Zoology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, U. S. A. cpiotrowski @ calacademy. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1655 - 4097 +cpiotrowski@calacademy.org + + + +Author + +Paulay, Gustav +0000-0003-4118-9797 +Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, U. S. A. paulay @ flmnh. ufl. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4118 - 9797 +paulay@flmnh.ufl.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2024 + +2024-12-09 + + +5548 + + +1 + + +1 +84 + + + + +https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 + +journal article +306745 +10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 +051f5e39-8357-46f3-8d90-98e537e95148 +1175-5334 +14387631 +55BA0F95-ED6F-4B8C-9A7D-56506E935639 + + + + + + +Family + +Iphionidae +Kinberg, 1856 + + + + + + + + + + +Iphionea +Kinberg, 1856: 383 + + +( + +Iphione + +n. genus +, + +I. ovata + + +sp. nov. + +, and + +I. muricata + +(Savigny +in +Lamarck, 1818 +); +Kinberg 1858: 7 + +. + + + + +Iphionidae: + +Baird 1865: 181 + + +( + +Iphione + +, + +I. muricata + +, + +I. ovata + +and + +I. spinosa +Kinberg, 1858 + +); + +Norlinder +et al +. 2012 + +(phylogeny); + +McCowin & Rouse 2018: 95 + +. + + + + + +Iphioninae: + +Horst 1917b: 64 + + +; + +Pettibone 1986: 2 + +(revision); + +Hanley & Burke 1991: 38 + +; + +Wehe 2006: 59 + +(Western Indian Ocean species). + + + + + + +Type +genus + +: + +Iphione +Kinberg, 1856 + +. + + + + +Diagnosis +(modified after +Pettibone 1986: 5 +). Aphroditiforms with body short, oval to elongate, depressed, dorsally arched, with up to 39 segments. Prostomium with lateral antennae as anterior prostomial extensions, sometimes very short or missing; median antenna reduced to nuchal papilla, rarely well developed. Palps stout, smooth or with longitudinal rows of +two types +of papillae (larger conical to aristate, and shorter truncate). Two pairs of eyes, rarely missing. Facial tubercle dorsally visible between antennae. Tentacular segment reduced dorsally, often with a few capillaries. Segment 2 often with a nuchal lappet overlapping prostomium. Pharynx usually with nine pairs of marginal papillae and two pairs of jaws. Elytra large, stiff, with polygonal areas, 13–20 pairs, overlapped, covering dorsum, present in segments 2, 4, 5, 7, alternating in successive segments. Dorsal cirrophores often with large basal bulbous tubercles, styles slender, often subdistally swollen. Parapodia biramous; notopodia reduced with abundant notochaetae, plumose or spinous. Neurochaetae stout with subdistal series of minute transverse denticulations, delicate in first two neuropodia, larger in following ones, tips falcate, unidentate or bidentate, rarely hooded. Pygidium displaced dorsally, without anal cirri. + + + + +Remarks +. +Pettibone (1986: 5) +attributed family authorship to +Baird (1865) +. However, +Wehe (2006) +noted that +Kinberg (1856) +erected the family, as Iphionea. Iphionea is a noun in the nominative plural formed from the stem of an available generic name, + +Iphione + +( +ICZN 1999 +, Arts 11.7.1.1, 29.1). It was used as a suprageneric taxon ( +Art +. 11.7.1.2), and even though the initial suffix differs from currently used suffixes, it must be used with the original authorship and date, but with a corrected suffix ( +ICZN 1999 +, +Art +. 11.7.1.3, 32.5.3.1). + + +Composition +. The family includes four genera: + +Iphione +Kinberg, 1856 + +; + +Iphionella +M’Intosh, 1885 + +; + +Iphionides +Hartmann-Schröder, 1977 + +; and + +Thermiphione +Hartmann-Schröder, 1992 + +; remarkably each apparently specializing on different marine environments. + +Iphione + +inhabits coral reefs and adjacent shallow, rocky or mixed bottoms in the tropical Indo-West Pacific to East Pacific and includes most species in the family; + +Iphionella + +lives at bathyal ( +520–914 m +) depths; the monotypic + +Iphionides + +was discovered in anchihaline environments in +Cuba +; while the four species of + +Thermiphione + +have all been found at Pacific hydrothermal vents. Genera are separated by the presence of eyes, development of lateral antennae, number of pairs of elytra, presence of fimbriae, and presence or number of transverse rows of spinules in neurochaetae ( +Hartmann-Schröder 1992 +). + + + +Iphionella +McIntosh, 1885 + +was proposed for + +Iphione cimex +de Quatrefages, 1866 + +, described from the +Malacca +Strait, but with a specimen collected off the +Philippines +. +Pettibone (1986: 23–25) +studied McIntosh’s specimen and concluded that it was not conspecific with + +I. cimex + +of de Quatrefages, but belongs to a new species, which she then named + +Iphionella philippinensis +Pettybone, 1986 + +, based on McIntosh’s specimen. She also concluded that + +Iphione cimex +de Quatrefages, 1866 + +belongs in a different genus, for which she proposed + +Gaudichaudius + +, and transferred it to the +Harmothoinae +(now +Polynoinae +, +Polynoidae +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FF80BC66ADDBF8A0FA47FC20.xml b/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FF80BC66ADDBF8A0FA47FC20.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e254d13d97d --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FF80BC66ADDBF8A0FA47FC20.xml @@ -0,0 +1,210 @@ + + + +Revision of Iphione Kinberg, 1856 (Annelida, Aphroditiformia, Iphionidae) + + + +Author + +Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I. +0000-0002-6931-0694 +Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 +ssalazar@ecosur.mx + + + +Author + +Piotrowski, Christina N. +0000-0002-1655-4097 +Collections Manager of Invertebrate Zoology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, U. S. A. cpiotrowski @ calacademy. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1655 - 4097 +cpiotrowski@calacademy.org + + + +Author + +Paulay, Gustav +0000-0003-4118-9797 +Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, U. S. A. paulay @ flmnh. ufl. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4118 - 9797 +paulay@flmnh.ufl.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2024 + +2024-12-09 + + +5548 + + +1 + + +1 +84 + + + + +https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 + +journal article +306745 +10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 +051f5e39-8357-46f3-8d90-98e537e95148 +1175-5334 +14387631 +55BA0F95-ED6F-4B8C-9A7D-56506E935639 + + + + + + +Key to genera of + +Iphionidae +Kinberg, 1856 + + + + + + + + + +1 +With 13–14 pairs of elytra.............................................................................. +2 + + + + +- With about 20 pairs of elytra; elytra without fimbriae; prostomium with 2 pairs of eyes; lateral antennae minute; neurochaetae thin without annulations................................................... + +Iphionides +Hartmann-Schröder, 1977 + + + + + + + +2(1) +Prostomium with 2 pairs of eyes; palps with longitudinal series of papillae; lateral antennae on anterolateral margins; neurochaetae of a single +type +, with fine annulations, usually thick (13 pairs of elytra); elytra with or without fimbriae......................................................................................... + +Iphione +Kinberg, 1856 + + + + + +- Prostomium without eyes; palps smooth; without lateral antennae; elytra with lateral fimbriae; neurochaetae of +two types +(straight verticillate, and falcate subdistally denticulate)....................................................... +3 + + + + + + +3(2) +Falcate neurochaetae thick with series of fine annulations (13 or 14 pairs of elytra)...................................................................................................... + +Thermiphione +Hartmann-Schröder, 1992 + + + + + +- Falcate neurochaetae thin without transverse series of annulations (13 pairs of elytra)........... + +Iphionella +M’Intosh, 1885 + + + + + + + + + +Alternative key to genera of + +Iphionidae +Kinberg, 1856 + + + + +(for damaged or incomplete specimens) + + + + + +1 Neurochaetae thick, rarely thin, with subdistal rings of denticles................................................ 2 + + +- Neurochaetae thin, with denticles, not forming rings.......................................................... 3 + + + + + +2(1) Eyes usually present; prostomium anteriorly bifid; with lateral antennae (13 pairs of elytra; margins smooth or fimbriate, fimbriae complex, never filiform)....................................................... + +Iphione +Kinberg, 1856 + + + + + +- Without eyes; prostomium completely bifid; without lateral antennae (13 or 14 pairs of elytra; lateral margins fimbriate, fimbriae filiform, often with globular bacterial masses)........................ + +Thermiphione +Hartmann-Schröder, 1992 + + + + + + + +3(1) With eyes; prostomium entire anteriorly; lateral antennae minute (up to 20 pairs of elytra, margins smooth)..................................................................................... + +Iphionides +Hartmann-Schröder, 1977 + + + + + +- Without eyes; prostomium completely bifid; without lateral antennae (13 pairs of elytra, lateral margins fimbriate, fimbriae filiform, sometimes branched)....................................................... + +Iphionella +M’Intosh, 1885 + + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FF80BC66ADDBF8A0FA47FE14.xml b/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FF80BC66ADDBF8A0FA47FE14.xml deleted file mode 100644 index 0119defd712..00000000000 --- a/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FF80BC66ADDBF8A0FA47FE14.xml +++ /dev/null @@ -1,142 +0,0 @@ - - - -Revision of Iphione Kinberg, 1856 (Annelida, Aphroditiformia, Iphionidae) - - - -Author - -Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I. -0000-0002-6931-0694 -Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 -ssalazar@ecosur.mx - - - -Author - -Piotrowski, Christina N. -0000-0002-1655-4097 -Collections Manager of Invertebrate Zoology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, U. S. A. cpiotrowski @ calacademy. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1655 - 4097 -cpiotrowski@calacademy.org - - - -Author - -Paulay, Gustav -0000-0002-6931-0694 -Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 & Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, U. S. A. paulay @ flmnh. ufl. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4118 - 9797 & Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 -ssalazar@ecosur.mx - -text - - -Zootaxa - - -2024 - -2024-12-09 - - -5548 - - -1 - - -1 -84 - - - - -https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 - -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 -1175-5334 -14387631 -55BA0F95-ED6F-4B8C-9A7D-56506E935639 - - - - - - -Key to genera of - -Iphionidae -Kinberg, 1856 - - - - - - - - - -1 -With 13–14 pairs of elytra.............................................................................. -2 - - - - -- With about 20 pairs of elytra; elytra without fimbriae; prostomium with 2 pairs of eyes; lateral antennae minute; neurochaetae thin without annulations................................................... - -Iphionides -Hartmann-Schröder, 1977 - - - - - - - -2(1) -Prostomium with 2 pairs of eyes; palps with longitudinal series of papillae; lateral antennae on anterolateral margins; neurochaetae of a single -type -, with fine annulations, usually thick (13 pairs of elytra); elytra with or without fimbriae......................................................................................... - -Iphione -Kinberg, 1856 - - - - - -- Prostomium without eyes; palps smooth; without lateral antennae; elytra with lateral fimbriae; neurochaetae of -two types -(straight verticillate, and falcate subdistally denticulate)....................................................... -3 - - - - - - -3(2) -Falcate neurochaetae thick with series of fine annulations (13 or 14 pairs of elytra)...................................................................................................... - -Thermiphione -Hartmann-Schröder, 1992 - - - - - -- Falcate neurochaetae thin without transverse series of annulations (13 pairs of elytra)........... - -Iphionella -M’Intosh, 1885 - - - - - - - \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FF84BC72ADDBF95EFE90F941.xml b/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FF84BC72ADDBF95EFE90F941.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..f1efdb4c16f --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FF84BC72ADDBF95EFE90F941.xml @@ -0,0 +1,2766 @@ + + + +Revision of Iphione Kinberg, 1856 (Annelida, Aphroditiformia, Iphionidae) + + + +Author + +Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I. +0000-0002-6931-0694 +Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 +ssalazar@ecosur.mx + + + +Author + +Piotrowski, Christina N. +0000-0002-1655-4097 +Collections Manager of Invertebrate Zoology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, U. S. A. cpiotrowski @ calacademy. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1655 - 4097 +cpiotrowski@calacademy.org + + + +Author + +Paulay, Gustav +0000-0003-4118-9797 +Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, U. S. A. paulay @ flmnh. ufl. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4118 - 9797 +paulay@flmnh.ufl.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2024 + +2024-12-09 + + +5548 + + +1 + + +1 +84 + + + + +https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 + +journal article +306745 +10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 +051f5e39-8357-46f3-8d90-98e537e95148 +1175-5334 +14387631 +55BA0F95-ED6F-4B8C-9A7D-56506E935639 + + + + + + + +Iphione muricata + +(Savigny +in +Lamarck, 1818 +) restricted + + + + + + +Figs 1D–F +, +3D–F +, +4–6 +, +36 + + + + + + +Polynoe muricata +Savigny + +in + +Lamarck, 1818: 308–309 + +(diagn.). + + + + +Iphione glabra +de Quatrefages, 1866: 268–269 + + +; + +Solís-Weiss +et al +. 2004 + +: S14. + + + +Iphione muricata + +: + +Potts 1910: 341 + +; + +Fauvel 1919: 334 + +; + +Fauvel 1932: 12–13 + +( +partim +); + +Fauvel 1935: 285–286 + +( +partim +); +Fauvel + +1939: 509 ( +partim +); +Monro 1939: 168 +( +partim +); +Day 1951: 14 +( +partim +); +Gibbs 1971: 123 +( +partim +); +Amoureux 1974: 430 +( +partim +); +Pettibone 1986: 9–16 +, +Figs 1–5 +(syn. +partim +); +Hartmann-Schröder 1991: 19 +( +partim +). + + + + +Type material +. + +MNHN + +TYPE +335 + +: +Mauritius +( + +Île +de +France + +) +M. Mathieu +, coll. no further data; +holotype +of + +Polynoe muricata + + +and + +syntype +of + +Iphione glabra + +(see Remarks) (bent ventrally, most elytra previously removed; body and elytra with a massive accumulation of precipitates, probably salts; two elytra cleaned, one median and one posterior elytra removed; body +24 mm +long, +16 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers). +MNHN + +TYPE +334 + +: +Mauritius +( + +Île +de +France + +), +Péron & Lesueur +, coll. no further data; +syntype +of + +Iphione glabra + +only; better preserved, used for redescription) + +Additional material + + + + +Egypt +, +Red Sea +, Gulf of +Suez + +. +Four specimens +( +MNHN + +A +274-19 + +), Mission Jousseaume, 1894 (no further data; +three specimens +bent ventrally; elytra brownish, oblique longitudinal band barely defined, some with calcareous epibionts; macrotubercles in two rows, progressively smaller posteriorly; body +19–28 mm +long, +10–15 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers). + + +Ten specimens ( +MNHN + +A +274-27 + +), Mission Jousseaume, 1894 (no further data; +four specimens +bent ventrally; elytra brownish, oblique longitudinal band barely defined, most with calcareous epibionts; macrotubercles in two rows, progressively smaller posteriorly; body +14–23 mm +long, 7.5–14.0 mm wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + + + + +Sultanate of Oman + +. +Two specimens +( +UF 411 +), +Muscat Governorate +, +Qurm Beach +( +23°37’33.6” N +, +58°28’51.6” E +), + +0–1 m + +, sandstone, under rocks, mid-low water intertidal, + +26 Jan. 2005 + +, +V. Bonito +, +M. Claereboudt +& +G. Paulay +, coll. (markedly bent ventrally; pharynx exposed; elytra golden to brownish, oblique longitudinal blackish line better defined in largest specimen; macrotubercles in two rows, progressively smaller posteriorly; cirrigerous segments with basal tubercle of dorsal cirrophores projected, barely in smallest specimen; body length not measured, +0.8–1.6 mm +wide, 28–29 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( + +UF +9313 + +), + +Muscat +Governorate + +, +Haramel Village +cove ( + +23°35’42.0” +N + +, + +058°36’03.6” +E + +), + +14 Jan. 2020 + +, +G. Paulay +, +S. Maslakova +& +M. Cherneva +, coll. (markedly bent ventrally; body wall reddish; elytra brownish with an oblique, slightly darker longitudinal band; macrotubercles in three rows, progressively smaller posteriorly; basal tubercle of dorsal cirrophores projected; body not measured) + +. + +One specimen +( + +UF +9318 + +), + +Muscat +Governorate + +, +Haramel Village +cove ( + +23°35’42.0” +N + +, + +58°36’03.6” +E + +), + +14 Jan. 2020 + +, +G. Paulay +, +S. Maslakova +& +M. Cherneva +, coll. (complete, bent ventrally; body wall reddish; elytra brownish with an oblique, slightly darker longitudinal band; macrotubercles in two rows, progressively smaller posteriorly; basal tubercle of dorsal cirrophores projected; body +27 mm +long, +16 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( + +UF +9319 + +), + +Muscat +Governorate + +, +Haramel Village +cove ( + +23°35’42.0” +N + +, + +58°36’03.6” +E + +), + +14 Jan. 2020 + +, +G. Paulay +, +S. Maslakova +& +M. Cherneva +, coll. (complete, slightly bent ventrally; body wall reddish; elytra brownish with an oblique, slightly darker longitudinal band; macrotubercles in three rows, progressively smaller posteriorly; basal tubercle of dorsal cirrophores projected; body +27 mm +long, +17 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( + +UF +9320 + +), + +Muscat +Governorate + +, +Haramel Village +cove ( + +23°35’42.0” +N + +, + +58°36’03.6” +E + +), + +14 Jan. 2020 + +, +G. Paulay +, +S. Maslakova +& +M. Cherneva +, coll. (complete, slightly bent ventrally; body wall reddish; elytra brownish with an oblique, slightly darker longitudinal band; macrotubercles in three rows, progressively smaller posteriorly; basal tubercle of dorsal cirrophores projected; body +25 mm +long, +15 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( + +UF +9368 + +), + +Muscat +Governorate + +, +Bandar Al Jissah +( + +23°33’25.2” +N + +, + +58°39’03.6” +E + +), + +16 Jan. 2020 + +, +G. Paulay +, +M. Claereboudt +, +S. Maslakova +& +G. Kolbasova +, coll. (complete, slightly bent ventrally; body wall reddish; elytra golden, without black spots; macrotubercles in two rows, progressively smaller posteriorly; basal tubercle of dorsal cirrophores projected; body +19 mm +long, +13 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( + +UF +9454 + +), + +Muscat +Governorate + +, +West +side of + +Fahal +Island + +( + +23°40’55.2” +N + +, + +58°30’00.0” +E + +), + +19 Jan. 2020 + +, +G. Paulay +, +A. Bemis +, +G. Kolbasova +& +S. Brown +, coll. (juvenile; right parapodia of chaetigers 13 and 14 previously removed; elytra yellowish, without black spots, macrotubercles in two rows, progressively smaller posteriorly; cirrigerous segments with basal tubercle not projected; other data in variation: body +11 mm +long, +6 mm +wide, 28 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( + +UF +10504 + +), +Dhofar +Governate +, +Mirbat +, +Chinese Wreck +( + +16°57’57.6” +N + +, + +54°42’28.8” +E + +), 26 +Ja. +2022, +G. Paulay +, +R. Lasley +, +A. Uehling +& +E. Ciareboudt +, coll. (bent ventrally; right parapodia of chaetigers 11–16 previously removed; right elytra 5 and 6 removed for observation (kept in container); elytra brownish, with an oblique longitudinal wide band, and white epibionts; macrotubercles in 2—three rows, progressively smaller posteriorly; cirrigerous segments with basal tubercle projected; body mm 26 long, +15 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + + + +FIGURE 3 +. Pharynx features. A. + +Iphione henshawi +Pettibone, 1986 + +, non-type specimen (BPBM R481), anterior end, pharynx exposed, dorsal view. B. Same, ventral view. C. Same, frontal view of pharynx (numbers indicate papillae). D. Same, left lateral view. E. + +Iphione muricata + +(Savigny +in +Lamarck, 1818 +), restricted, non-type specimens (UF 411), smaller specimen (9 mm wide), pharynx, frontal view (numbers indicate upper papillae). F. Another, larger specimen (16 mm wide), pharynx, frontal view (numbers indicate upper papillae). Scale bars: A, B, 1.3 mm; C, 0.9 mm; D, 0.7 mm; E, 0.3 mm; F, 0.6 mm. + + + + +Djibouti + + + + +Two specimens +( +MNHN + +A +274-7 + +), + + +Djibouti + + +, 1897, No. 29, +M. Coutière +, coll. (largest specimens with all left elytra previously removed; elytra brownish without black spots; macrotubercles in two rows, progressively smaller posteriorly; body +19–27 mm +long, +11–13 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( +MNHN + +A +274-12 + +), + +Mission Gravier + +Djibouti + + +, + +Île +Moucha + +, + +Gulf of +Tadjourah + +, coral, + +23 Jan. 1904 + +, +C. Gravier +, coll. (bent ventrally; elytra brownish; macrotubercles in two rows, decreasing in size posteriorly; body +17.5 mm +long, +9.5 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + + + +Seven specimens +( +MNHN + +A +274-23 + +), +Obock, Obock +, +Mission Jousseume +, 1895, +M. Jousseume +, coll. (body damaged; two with most elytra detached, some in container; elytra brownish without black spots; macrotubercles in two rows progressively smaller posteriorly; body +14–27 mm +long, +9–15 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( +MNHN + +A +274-32 + +), +Mission Gravier + +Djibouti + +, +Îlot Residence +, in mixed bottoms (sand and rock), 1904, +C. Gravier +, coll. (markedly bent ventrally; elytra brownish without black spots; macrotubercles in two rows progressively smaller posteriorly; not measured) + +. + + + + +Kenya +. + +Seven specimens +( +NHM +1924.6.18.187–191), +F.A. Potts +, coll. (no further data; elytra yellowish to brownish, most with a barely pigmented longitudinal blackish band, macrotubercles in two rows, first row with macrotubercles slightly larger than those in second row; body +10–21 mm +long, 9.0– +9.5 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + + + + +Mozambique + +. +One specimen +( +NHM + +1963.1.6 + +), +Delagoa Bay +, +Inhaca Island +( +25°50’ S +, +32°50’ E +), +J.H. Day +, coll. (elytra brownish, blackish band barely visible, macrotubercles slightly smaller posteriorly, in 2 irregular rows; body +23 mm +long, +14 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + + + + +Tanzania + +. +One specimen +( + +CAS +227559 + +), complete, + +Zanzibar + +Expedition +2018, + +Zanzibar + +, +Mangapwani +( + +05°59’24.0” +S + +, + +39°11’24.0” +S + +), 0.2–3.0. m, +T.M. Gosliner +, coll. (data used for variation) + +. + +Three specimens +( +NHM +1941.4.4.165–167), + +Pemba +Island + +, sandbanks, + +18 Nov. 1901 + +, +C. Crossland +, coll. (one completely bent, another one almost without elytra; elytra brownish with a longitudinal blackish band barely visible, macrotubercles in two rows of similar size; body +17–25 mm +long, +11–14 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( +ZMH + +PE +187 + +b), +Bawe +, + +Zanzibar + +, + +15 Jul. 1989 + +, +Votzkow +, coll. (no further data; slightly dehydrated; first few pairs of anterior and posterior elytra, and left parapodium of chaetiger 16 previously removed (parapodium lost); elytra brownish with two rows of macrotubercles progressively smaller posteriorly; cirrigerous segments with basal tubercle of dorsal cirrophores projected; body +28.5 mm +long, +11 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( +ZMH + +V +4575 + +), + +Bani +Island + +, + +Zanzibar + +, +Stuhlmann +, coll. (no futher data; markedly bent ventrally, partially dehydrated; elytra brownish, without black bands, with two rows of macrotubercles decreasing in size posteriorly; not measured) + +. + +One specimen +( +ZMH + +V +4577 + +), +Kokotoni +, + +Zanzibar + +, +Stuhlmann +, coll. (no further data; bent ventrally; elytra brownish with high amount of sediment particles mostly on fimbriae; darker middorsal bands indistinct; elytra with two rows of macrotubercles heavily eroded, progressively smaller posteriorly; body +20.5 mm +long, +14 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + + + + +Mayotte + +. +One specimen +( +MNHN + +A +274-9 + +), 1883, +A. Vinnout +, coll. (no further data; markedly bent ventrally; left elytron 10 removed for observation (kept in container); elytra with an oblique, longitudinal black band, expanded anteriorly; macrotubercles in two rows, progressively smaller posteriorly; not measured) + +. + + + + +Madagascar + +. +One specimen +( +MNHN + +A +274-10 + +), +Baie St. +Augustin, +No. +23, 1909, +M. Bastard +, coll. (no further data; some elytra previously removed; elytra brownish without black spots; macrotubercles in two rows, progressively smaller posteriorly; cirrigerous segments with basal tubercle of dorsal cirrophores barely projected; body +20 mm +long, +12 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +Four specimens +( +MNHN + +A +274-29 + +), Mission F. Geay, +Tuléar +, reefs, No. 4978 (no further data; partially dehydrated, one markedly bent ventrally with pharynx fully exposed, jaws with one additional denticle; elytra brownish without black spots, outer elytral surface darker than inner one; macrotubercles in two rows, progressively smaller posteriorly; body 14.0– +19.5 mm +long, 8.0– +10.5 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +Five specimens +( +MNHN +A274-35 +), 1919, +M. Decary +, coll. (no further data; very soft +specimens +, elytra detaching or in site; elytra with an oblique longitudinal blackish band in +two specimens +, the others with elytra brownish; macrotubercles in two rows, progressively smaller posteriorly; not measured) + +. + +One specimen +( +NHM + +1961.8.3 + +), +Diego Suarez +& +Nossy-Bé +(no further data; elytra covered with fine particles, with a wide oblique blackish band, two rows of macrotubercles, first one with tubercles slightly larger than those in second row, probably after the sedimentary environment; body +18 mm +long, +11 mm +wide, 28 chaetigers) + +. + + + +Mascarene Islands +. +One specimen +( +ZMH + +V +499 + +), +Mauritius +. +Robillard +, coll. (no further data; markedly bent ventrally; no other dissections to avoid further damage; elytra brownish with two rows of macrotubercles progressively smaller posteriorly; not measured) + +. + +One specimen +( +UF 635 +), +Réunion Island +, + +La Saline + +, +Trou +d’eau ( +21°06’03.6” S +, +55°14’38.4”E + +0–2 m + +, + +27 Jul. 2007 + +, +N. Hubert +& +F. Michonneau +, coll. (markedly bent ventrally, pharynx exposed; left parapodia of chaetigers 15–20 previously removed; elytra brownish, oblique longitudinal black band barely defined, with three rows of macrotubercles progressively smaller towards margins; pharynx exposed, jaws with 2 mostly eroded accessory denticles; body length not measured, +13 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( +UF 636 +), +Réunion Island +, +Saint-Leu +, +Sec Jaune +( +21°09’19.8» S +, +55°16’52.02» E +), + +0–2 m + +, + +17 Aug. 2007 + +, +H. Bruggemann +, +N. Hubert +& +F. Michonneau +, coll. (bent laterally after removal of left parapodia of chaetigers 12–17; elytra with wide blackish band, with three rows of macrotubercles progressively smaller towards margins; pharynx exposed, jaws with 3 accesory denticles; body +17 mm +long, +8 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( +UF 638 +), +Réunion Island +, + +La Saline + +, +Trou +d’eau ( +21°06’03.6” S +, +55°14’38.4” E +), + +0–2 m + +, + +30 Jul. 2007 + +, +N. Hubert +& +F. Michonneau +, coll. (bent laterally after removal of right parapodia of chaetigers 15–19; elytra with three rows of macrotubercles progressively smaller towards margins; pharynx exposed, upper jaws with 3 accessory denticles, lower ones with 4; body +25 mm +long, +13 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( +UF 662 +), +Réunion Island +, + +La Posses + +, +Banc des Lataniers +( +20°55’21.0» S +, +55°20’29.04» E +), boulder and cobble beach, under rocks, + +0–2 m + +, + +7 Aug. 2007 + +, +H. Bruggemann +, +N. Hubert +, +F. Michonneau +& +G. Paulay +, coll. (slightly bent ventraly; elytra with three rows of macrotubercles progressively smaller towards margins; body +31 mm +long, +16 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + + + + +Seychelles + +. +One specimen +( + +ZMH +5758 + +), +Brauer +, coll. (no further data; bent ventrally, pharynx fully exposed; elytra brownish with an oblique, longitudinal darker band barely distinct; elytra with two rows of macrotubercles progressively smaller posteriorly; body +20 mm +long, +12 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + + + + +Nicobar Islands +. + +One specimen +( + +NHMD +1184777 + +), +RV Galathea Expedition +, +Unspecified +locality and date (fixed in ethanol, bent ventrally; elytra with a barely pigmented dark band; 3–4 rows of macrotubercles, progressively smaller towards margins; basal tubercle of dorsal cirrophores bilobed; neurochaetae unidentate; body +27 mm +long, +13 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + + + + +Vietnam + +. +Two specimens +( +MNHN + +A +274-1 + +), + +Tonkin + +, + +Mar. 1897 + +, +M. Lichtenfelder +, coll. (no further data; one bent ventrally; some elytra previously removed; elytra brownish with an oblique longitudinal blackish band; macrotubercles in two rows, decreasing in size posteriorly; basal tubercle to dorsal cirrophore bilobed; body +19–22 mm +long, +11.5–12 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( +MNHN + +A +274-2 + +), + + +Cap +St. + +Jacques + +, +Capt. Modest +, + +Sep. 1908 + +(no further data; bent ventrally, some elytra previously removed; elytra brownish with an oblique, longitudinal black band; macrotubercles in two rows, decreasing in size posteriorly; cirrigerous segments with basal tubercle of dorsal cirrophore projected; neurochaetae slightly falcate, unidentate; body +22 mm +long, +10 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +Two specimens +( +MNHN + +A +274-5 + +), + + +Cap +St. + +Jacques + +, +Capt. Modest, No. +37, + +Sep. 1908 + +(poorly preserved; elytra brownish with an oblique, longitudinal black band, better defined in a few elytra; macrotubercles in two rows, decreasing in size posteriorly; most fimbriae detached; body +20–28 mm +long, 12.0– +13.5 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + + + + +Indonesia +. + +One specimen +( +ZMA + +V +471.7 + +), +Sulawesi +, +RV Siboga Exped. +, +Stat. +127 ( + +Great Sangir +Island + +, +Taruna Bay +), + +45 m + +, trawl and reef-exploration, fine sand, + +20–21 Jul. 1899 + +(markedly bent; elytra yellowish, without black spots, with fine sediment particles; macrotubercles in two rows, progressively smaller posteriorly; not measured) + +. + +One specimen +( +ZMA + +V +471.9 + +), +Maluku +, +RV Siboga Exped. +, +Sta. +142 ( +Obi Major +, anchorage off +Laiwui +), + +23 m + +, dredge + reef exploration, muddy bottom, + +5–7 Aug. 1899 + +(markedly bent ventrally; elytra yellowish, oblique longitudinal darker band barely visible; macrotubercles in two rows, progressively smaller posteriorly; not measured) + +. + +One specimen +( +ZMA + +V +471.12 + +), +Irian Jaya +, +RV Siboga Exped. +, +Stat. +164 ( + +01°42.5´ +S + +, + +130°47.5´ +E + +), + +32 m + +, dredge, sand, stones, shells, + +20 Ago. 1899 + +(bent ventrally; right elytra 6 and 7 removed for observation (kept in container); elytra yellowish, without black spots, with some areas in regeneration, with different epibionts, without fine sediment particles; macrotubercles in two rows, progressively smaller posteriorly; body +17 mm +long, +11 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( +ZMA + +V +471.13 + +), +Maluku +, +RV Siboga Exped. +, +Sta. +174 ( +Ceram +( +Seram +), N coast, +Waru Bay +), + +18 m + +, dredge, reef exploration, muddy bottom, + +28–29 Aug. 1899 + +(elytra yellowish, without black spots; macrotubercles in two rows, progressively smaller posteriorly; body +9.5 mm +long, +6 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( +ZMA + +V +471.24 + +), +Lesser Sunda Islands +, +Rotti +(or +Rodti +) + +Island +, E + +coast, +Pepela Bay +, +RV Siboga Exped. +, +Sta. +301 ( + +10°38´ +S + +, + +123°25.2´ +E + +), + +22 m + +, dredge, muddy bottom, coral, + +30 Jan. 1900 + +(markedly bent; elytra brownish with white epibionts towards posterior margins, without black spots; macrotubercles in two rows, progressively smaller posteriorly; not measured) + +. + +One specimen +( +ZMA + +V +471.30 + +), +Maluku +, +RV Siboga Exped. +, +Sta. +250 ( + +Kur +Island + +, anchorage off +Kilsuin +), + +20–45 m + +, coral, + +6–7 Dec. 1899 + +(bent ventrally; elytra yellowish, without black spots, macrotubercles in two rows, progressively smaller posteriorly; body +8 mm +long, +6 mm +wide, 28 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( +ZMA + +V +476 + +), +Sumatra +, + +Nias +Island + +, southern coast, +Telok Dalam +( +Teluk Dalam +), +de Zwaan +, coll. (no further data; complete, right elytra 6 and 7 previously removed; elytra with oblique longitudinal black band, and darker posterior margins, with white and filamentous epibionts; macrotubercles in two rows, progressively smaller posteriorly; body +23 mm +long, +13 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + + + + +Philippines + +. +Two specimens +( +ZMH + +V +500 + +), + +Mactan +Island + +, +Cebu +, +Ringe +, coll. (no further data; bent ventrally, one without elytra; the other with elytra brownish; elytra with oblique longitudinal blackish band, and darker posterior elytral area, with two rows of macrotubercles progressively smaller posteriorly; cirrigerous segments with basal tubercle of dorsal cirrophores projected; body +19 mm +long, +11 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + + + + +Hong Kong + +. +One specimen +( + +AM +20043 + +), +Chek Chau, W +side of +Hong Kong +, + +5 m + +, + +14 Apr. 1986 + +, +P.A. Hutchings +, coll. (bent ventrally; elytra brownish with an oblique longitudinal black band; macrotubercles in two rows, progressively smaller posteriorly; cirrigerous segments with basal tubercle of dorsal cirrophore projected; body +22 mm +long, +10 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + + + + +Australia + +. +One specimen +( + +AM +2650 + +), + +Lindeman +Island + +, +Whitsunday Pass +, +Queensland +, + +16 m + +, + +Jan. 1929 + +, +M. Ward +, coll. (elytra brownish, oblique longitudinal black band better defined in posterior chaetigers; macrotubercles in two rows, progressively smaller posteriorly; basal tubercle of dorsal cirrophore projected); body +22.5 mm +long, +14.5 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers + +). + +One specimen +( + +AM +2737 + +), + +Northwest +Island + +, +Capricorn Group +, +Queensland +, 1929, +Ward +& +Boardman +, coll. (no further data; elytra dark brown; elytra with a few sediment particles and epibionts; macrotubercles in two rows, decreasing in size posteriorly; basal tubercle of dorsal cirrophore projected; body +21 mm +long, +12.5 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +Three specimens +( + +AM +2750 + +), + +Rat +Island + +, +Port Curtis +, +Queensland +, + +Jul. 1929 + +, +Ward +& +Boardman +, coll. (no further data; elytra brownish with an oblique longitudinal black band; macrotubercles in 2–three rows, progressively smaller posteriorly; cirrigerous segments with basal tubercle of dorsal cirrophore projected; body +28–29 mm +long, 14.0– +14.5 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( + +AM +2845 + +), +Ninety Mile Beach +, +between Broome and Wallal +, + +13 m + +, 1931, +R. Bourne +, coll. (markedly bent ventrally; elytra yellowish with an oblique longitudinal black band; macrotubercles in two rows, progressively smaller posteriorly; basal tubercle of dorsal cirrophore projected; not measured) + +. + +One specimen +( + +AM +2934 + +), +Great Barrier Expedition +, +Queensland +, N of + +North Direction +Island + +, +Great Barrier Reef +, +Sta. +17 ( + +14°43’48.0” +S + +, + +145°30’00.0” +E + +), + +35 m + +, + +9 Mar. 1929 + +(bent ventrally; elytra yellowish with an oblique longitudinal ill-defined band; macrotubercles in two rows, progressively smaller posteriorly; basal tubercle of dorsal cirrophore projected; body +20 mm +long, +10.5 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( + +AM +5432 + +), +Mandorah +, +Darwin, NT +, under rock, low tide, + +22 Nov. 1972 + +, +N. Coleman +, coll. (slightly bent ventrally; elytra with an oblique black longitudinal band and several black spots; macrotubercles in two rows, progressively smaller posteriorly; body +15.5 mm +long, +10 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( + +AM +5437 + +), + +Kendrew +Island + +, +Dampier, WA +, under rocks, low tide, + +14 Oct. 1972 + +, +N. Coleman +, coll. (slightly bent ventrally, some elytra previously removed (kept in container); elytra yellowish with an oblique longitudinal black band; macrotubercles in two rows, decreasing in size posteriorly; body +22 mm +long, +15 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( + +AM +5452 + +), +Blow Holes +, +Quobba, WA +, + +2 m + +, + +22 Jun 1972 + +, +N. Coleman +, coll. (markedly bent ventrally; elytra brownish with an oblique longitudinal black band; macrotubercles in two rows, progressively smaller posteriorly; not measured) + +. + +One specimen +( + +AM +38418 + +), +Dampier Archipelago +, +Georgeff Reef +, intertidal, + +28 Aug. 1999 + +, +R.A. Peart +, coll. (bent ventrally; some elytra previously removed; elytra yellowish with an oblique longitudinal black band and some calcareous epibionts; macrotubercles in two rows, progressively smaller posteriorly; body +16 mm +long, +11 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( + +AM +38419 + +), +Dampier Archipelago, W +side + +Malus +Island + +, + +2.6 m + +, sand and algae bottom, + +27 Aug. 1999 + +, +R.A. Peart +, coll. (juvenile, posterior end bent ventrally; all elytra previously removed; elytra yellowish without black spots; macrotubercles in two rows, second row with a few macrotubercles, progressively smaller posteriorly; body +14 mm +long, +6 mm +wide, 28 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( +MAGNT + +W +252 + +), + +Oxley +Island + +, NT, +Sta. OX +2, +Acropora +, low subtidal, + +26 Oct. 1982 + +, +J.R. Hanley +, coll. (markedly bent ventrally; elytra with abundant sediment particles, and a tapered, oblique longitudinal dark band; macrotubercles in two rows, anterior row with macrotubercles slightly larger than those of second, more irregular row; not measured) + +. + +One specimen +( +MAGNT + +W +4894 + +), +Lee Point +, +Darwin, NT +, +Sta. +RH 87-48, coral rubble, subtidal, + +23 Oct. 1987 + +, +J.R. Hanley +, coll. (juvenile, slightly bent ventrally, posterior end damaged; elytra yellowish with spread black spots, 2–3 submarginal fimbriae, macrotubercles in two rows, decreasing in size posteriorly; cirrigerous segments with basal tubercle of dorsal cirrophore projected; neurochaetae unidentate; body +6 mm +long, +4 mm +wide, 28 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( +MAGNT + +W +4897 + +), +Lee Point +, +Darwin, NT +, +Sta. +RH 87-48, coral rubble, subtidal, + +23 Oct. 1987 + +, +J.R. Hanley +, coll. (bent ventrally; elytra yellowish with oblique longitudinal black band, some fimbriae between macrotubercles, macrotubercles in two rows, decreasing in size posteriorly; body +14 mm +long, +9.5 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( +MAGNT + +W +4939 + +), +Lee Point +, +Darwin, NT +, +Sta. +RH 87-48, exposed rocky reef, subtidal, + +25 Sep. 1987 + +, +J.R. Hanley +, coll. (bent ventrally, some elytra previously detached; elytra yellowish with oblique longitudinal wide black band, macrotubercles in two rows, decreasing in size posteriorly; body +11 mm +long, +7.5 mm +wide, 28 chaetigers) + +. + + + +One specimen +( +MAGNT + +W +5139 + +), +Point Samson +, near +Roebourne, WA +, +Sta. +RH 88-35, coral rubble, low tide, + +9 Feb. 1988 + +, +J.R. Hanley +, coll. (bent ventrally; many elytra and left parapodium of chaetiger 12 previously removed (all kept in container); elytra covered with orange silt; prostomium paler than adjacent body wall regions; elytra yellowish with an irregular median black spot; macrotubercles in two rows, gradually smaller posteriorly; cirrigerous segments with basal tubercle of dorsal cirrophore projected; body +10 mm +long, +7 mm +wide, 28 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( +MAGNT + +W +5140 + +), +Point Samson +, near +Roebourne, WA +, +Sta. +RH 88-35, coral rubble, low tide, + +9 Feb. 1988 + +, +J.R. Hanley +, coll. (some elytra previously removed (kept in container), left parapodium of chaetiger 10 previously removed (lost); elytra covered with orange silt; prostomium white, contrasting with body wall pigmentation; pharynx partially exposed, slightly damaged by compression, partially dissected for observing jaws and its 2 accessory denticles, elytra yellowish with an oblique longitudinal black band; macrotubercles in two rows, gradually smaller posteriorly; body +15 mm +long, +10 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( +MAGNT + +W +5141 + +), +Point Samson +, near +Roebourne, WA +, +Sta. +RH 88-35, coral rubble, low tide, + +9 Feb. 1988 + +, +J.R. Hanley +, coll. (markedly bent ventrally; many elytra, and right parapodium of chaetiger 10 previously removed (all kept in container); elytra covered with orange silt; prostomium white; elytra yellowish, median black spots barely visible; macrotubercles in two rows, gradually smaller posteriorly; cirrigerous segments with basal tubercle of dorsal cirrophore projected; not measured) + +. + +One specimen +( +MAGNT + +W +6882 + +), + +Scorpion +Island + +, WA, +Sta. RH +91-54, fringing shore reef, low tide, + +14 Aug. 1991 + +, +J.R. Hanley +, coll. (bent ventrally; elytra yellowish with a wide irregular dark band; macrotubercles in two rows, decreasing in size posteriorly; body +14 mm +long, +7 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( +MAGNT + +W +5142 + +), +Point Samson +, near +Roebourne, WA +, +Sta. +RH 88-35, coral rubble, low tide, + +9 Feb. 1988 + +, +J.R. Hanley +, coll. (markedly bent ventrally; many elytra previously removed, left parapodium of chaetiger 13 previously removed (all kept in container); elytra covered with orange silt; prostomium white, contrasting with body wall pigmentation; pharynx partially exposed, slightly damaged by compression; elytra yellowish with an irregular medial spot; macrotubercles in two rows, gradually smaller posteriorly; not measured) + +. + +One specimen +( +MAGNT + +W +28949 + +), +East Point +, NT, +Sta. EP +11, rocks imbedded in mud, low tide, + +18 May 1985 + +, +J.R. Hanley +, coll. (bent ventrally; pharynx fully exposed, jaws with 2 accessory denticles; right elytra 5 and 7 removed for observatioin; elytra with a wide, ill-defined black band; macrotubercles in two rows decreasing in size posteriorly; body +11.5 mm +long, +7.5 mm +wide, 28 chaetigers) + +. + +Eleven specimens +( + +NHM +1970.113 + +a), +Grahams Point +(no further data; elytra yellowish in smaller specimens, progressively darker in larger ones; many elytra eroded, with white epibionts; two rows of macrotubercles, first one with macrotubercles slightly larger than those present in second row; body +10–28 mm +long, 6.0– +13.5 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +Two specimens +( +ZMH + +P +20976 + +), + +Heron +Island + +, coral reef, under rocks, intertidal, + +3 Feb. 1976 + +, +G. Hartmann-Schröder +, coll. (smallest specimen broken by compression, largest one bent ventrally, with elytra yellowish, without black spots, two rows of macrotubercles progressively smaller posteriorly; body +25 mm +long, +14 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + + + +One specimen +( +ZMH + +V +7883 + +), + +Turtle +Island + +, + +Western +Australia + +, +Gale +, coll. (no further data; elytra brownish with an oblique longitudinal black band; two rows of macrotubercles, progressively smaller posteriorly; basal tubercle of dorsal cirrophore projected as a single lobe; body +25 mm +long, +14 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( +ZMH + +V +9333 + +), +Cape Jaubert +, + +Western +Australia + +(no further data; body brownish, slightly bent ventrally; elytra with two rows of macrotubercles, progressively smaller posteriorly; basal tubercle of dorsal cirrophore with a projected lobe; body +21 mm +long, +12 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + + + + +Papua New Guinea + +. +One specimen +( +MNHN +IA 2022-929 +), +Papua Niugini Expedition +, +Sta. PR +149 ( +5°09.4’ S +, +145°48’ E +), + +19 m + +, + +1 Dec. 2012 + +, +S. Hourdez +et al +., coll. (markedly bent ventrally; elytra brownish, with oblique longitudinal black band, macrotubercles in two rows, progressively smaller posteriorly; cirrigerous segments with basal tubercle of dorsal cirrophore projected; body +9 mm +wide) + +. + + + + +Solomon Islands + +. +Two specimens +( + +NHM +1970.11 + +), +Komimbo Bay +, +Guadalcanal +(no further data; smaller specimen with tiny black dots on elytra, larger specimen with brownish elytra, each with 2—three rows of macrotubercles; basal tubercle of dorsal cirrophores projected; neurochaetae unidentate, slightly falcate; body +7–16 mm +long, +4.5–10 mm +wide, 28–29 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( + +NMH +1970.107 + +), + +Tetel +Island + +, + +8 Jul. 1975 + +, +P.E. Gibbs +, coll. (elytra yellowish with a darker band over an area larger than external elytral half, macrotubercles in two rows; left elytra 1–3 previously removed (not in container); body +13.5 mm +long, +7 mm +wide, chaetigers) + +. + + + + +New Caledonia + +. +One specimen +( +MNHN + +A +274-11 + +), +Grand Terre +, +Kuto Bay +, + +Île +des Pins + +(no further data; bent ventrally, partially dehydrated; pharynx fully exposed, jaws with 3 accessory denticles, elytra brownish with a small black spot; macrotubercles arranged in two rows, progressively smaller posteriorly; body +22 mm +long, +9.5 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + + + + +Samoa + +. +One specimen +( +MNHN + +A +274-22 + +), Moris, Sta. 56, 1889 (no further data; bent ventrally; right elytron 6 removed for observation (kept in container); elytra brownish, without black spots; macrotubercles in two rows, progressively smaller posteriorly; body +20 mm +long, +13 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( +NHM +1921.5.1.533 +), +Upolu, W.C. McIntosh +, coll. (no further data; bent ventrally; elytra brownish, darker along posterior margins; macrotubercles in two rows, first row with macrotubercles slightly larger; two elytra previously removed (kept in container); body +25 mm +long, +15 mm +wide, chaetigers) + +. + + + + +Diagnosis +. + +Iphione + +with median antenna reduced to nuchal papilla; elytra fimbriate; macrotubercles spine-like, barely longer than wide, with distal spines, in 2—three rows, first row with macrotubercles slightly larger than those in other rows; cirrigerous segments with dorsal cirrophores with basal tubercle projected; neurochaetae unidentate. + + + + +Description +. +Syntype +of + +Iphione glabra +de Quatrefages, 1866 + +(MNHN TYPE 334) bent ventrally, first eight pairs or elytra previously removed ( +Fig. 4A +), some left in container; right parapodia of chaetigers 15 and 16 previously removed (lost), left parapodium of chaetiger 14 removed for observation (kept in container); body +17 mm +long, +9 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers). Elytra brownish, with sediment particles and an oblique dark band visible in most elytra; notochaetae whitish, neurochaetae golden. Body wall pale, venter pale. + + + +FIGURE 4 +. + +Iphione muricata + +(Savigny +in +Lamarck, 1818 +), restricted. A. Syntype MNHN 334, dorsal view. B. Same, anterior elytron (inset: fimbriae from another elytron). C. Same, median elytron. D. Chaetiger 14, left parapodium, posterior view after removal of notochaetae. E. Same, median neurochaetal tips. F. Syntype MNHN 335, two detached elytra before cleaning. G. Same, median elytron. H. Same, posterior elytron. I. Fimbriae of posterior elytron. J. Chaetiger 12, left parapodium, posterior view, after removal of notochaetae. Scale bars: A, 2 mm; B, 0.7 mm; C, 1 mm; D, 0.4 mm; E, 30 µm; F, 1.3 mm; G, 1.2 mm; H, 1.6 mm; I, 30 µm; J, 0.6 mm. + + + +Elytra with fimbriae, eroded from most detached elytra ( +Fig. 4B, C +), better preserved in the other +syntype +(MNHN TYPE 335) ( +Fig. 4F–H +), with variable amounts of sediment particles, especially along posterior segments. Fimbriae 6–10 times longer than wide, with a few spines along stem in +syntype +334 ( +Fig. 4B +, inset), or markedly spinous, probably after contraction in +syntype +335 ( +Fig. 11I +); macrotubercles conical, most eroded, about twice longer than wide, arranged in two rows, decreasing in size posteriorly and laterally. + +Prostomium roughly hexagonal, wider than long, with anterior incision running along anterior prostomial third. Anterior lobes projected into ceratophores, longer than prostomium, shorter than ceratostyles, subdistally swollen, tips tapered. Eyes colorless, indistinct. Palps thick, bent, left one bent to the right, right one bent dorsally, slightly longer than antennae, with longitudinal rows of papillae, tips mucronate. Nuchal papillae not visible dorsally, covered by nuchal flap. +Tentacular segment dorsally reduced, with chaetae; tentacular cirri slightly shorter than palps. Facial tubercle not visible dorsally, pale. +Segments 2–4 directed anteriorly. Second segment visible dorsally, with a semicircular nuchal lappet, wider than long, covering nuchal papilla. Ventral buccal cirri inserted ventrally, almost three times longer than following cirri, left lost, right one not projected beyond chaetal tips. Dorsal nodules barely projected, more elevated in segment 2, progressively shorter. + +Median cirrigerous segments with dorsal cirri markedly projected beyond chaetal tips, cirrophore smooth, with a projected, single barely projected lobe ( +Fig. 4D +). Cirrostyle subdistally swollen, surface papillate. Notochaetae very abundant, dirty white, with series of transverse funnel-shaped spinose rows, tips bare. Neuropodia with neuracicular lobe blunt, with globular papillae. Neurochaetal lobe with marginal papillae, neurochaetae abundant, basally smooth, subdistally swollen with many rows of fine denticulations along swollen region, tips slightly falcate, unidentate, sharp ( +Fig. 11E +). + + +The other +syntype +(MNHN 335) brownish, with large amounts of adsorbed materials on body and elytra ( +Fig. 4F +), and a few elytra attached; body +24 mm +long, +16 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers. After cleaning, both median ( +Fig. 4G +) and posterior elytra ( +Fig. 4H +) with two irregular rows of macrotubercles, mostly eroded to their base; oblique darker longitudinal band barely visible; fimbria subcylindrical, with abundant large spines along stem, and with long blunt spines distally ( +Fig. 4I +). Left parapodium of chaetiger 12 removed for observation (kept in container); cirrigerous parapodia with a barely developed basal tubercle to dorsal cirrophore, cirrostyles slightly swollen subdistally ( +Fig. 4J +). + + +Variation +. Some features of the exposed pharynx ( +Fig. 3D–F +) were referred to above. +One specimen +(CAS 227559) complete, brownish, slightly bent dorsally, pharynx fully exposed, jaws with three accessory denticles; body +27 mm +long, +13 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers ( +Fig. 5A +); left elytron 7 removed for observation, and left parapodium of chaetiger 12 removed for observation (kept in container); elytra brownish, larger macrotubercles arranged in two rows, macrotubercles about 2–3 times longer than wide ( +Fig. 5B +); fimbriae arranged along lateral and posterior margins, longer in lateral ( +Fig. 5C +) than in posterior region ( +Fig. 5D +); macrotubercles blunt conical, each with 2–3 distal spines ( +Fig. 5E +). Median cirrigerous segments with dorsal cirri reaching neurochaetal tips, basal tubercle of dorsal cirri swollen, bilobed, not projected as a cone ( +Fig. 5F +); ventral cirri blackish basally. Neurochaetae bronze to brownish, smooth basally, denticulate along swollen subdistal region, tips slightly falcate, unidentate, smooth ( +Fig. 5G +). + + +A juvenile +11 mm +long specimen (UF 9454) has elytra without black spots ( +Fig. 6A +). The elytra have two rows of macrotubercles and their size decreases posteriorly ( +Fig. 6B +, insets 1, 2), whereas the posterior microtubercles have short filaments ( +Fig. 6B +, inset 3). The cirrigerous parapodia have long cirrophores and tapered cirrostyles ( +Fig. 6C +), and its neurochaetae are unidentate. + + +Additional specimens were +6–29 mm +long, +4–16 mm +wide. There are two rows of macrotubercles, the first row has slightly larger ones than those present in the second row, and this does not change with body size, although the second row can be more irregular and have additional tubercles. + + + + +Remarks +. Nomenclatural problems regarding the +type +material of + +Polynoe muricata + +have confounded identification of this species. Savigny +in +Lamarck (1818: 308–309) +provided a short diagnosis for the species and recorded it only from +Mauritius +(Île-de-France), based on +one specimen +collected by M. Mathieu (MNHN +TYPE +335). Later, +Savigny (1822: 21–22 +, Pl. 3, +Fig. 1 +) described and illustrated a different specimen, from the Gulf of Suez, as + +P. muricata + +that actually belonged to a different species (here described as + +I. readi + + +sp. nov. + +). Most subsequent authors followed +Savigny’s (1822) +text and illustration to identify + +I. muricata + +, which together with a poor understanding of species limits led to substantial confusion about the identity of + +I. muricata + +. + + +De Quatrefages (1866: 268) +recognized Savigny’s specimen from Suez and Lamarck’s specimen from +Mauritius +as different species, incorrectly applied + +I. muricata + +to the former, and redescribed the latter specimen (including the +holotype +of + +P. muricata + +), as + +I. glabra + +, together with a second +syntype +(MNHN TYPE 334), collected from the same locality ( +Mauritius +) by Péron & Lesueur. His selection of Lamarck’s type for his + +I. glabra + +, makes + +P. muricata + +and + +I. glabra + +objective synonyms. De Quatrefages provided some additional measurements and details for the illustrated specimen from Suez and noted differences between the two species. The main differences noted for + +I. glabra + +were that antennae, tentacular and dorsal cirri were tapered, not subdistally swollen, antennae were tiny, elytral margins were barely fimbriate, posteriorly smooth (hence the name), dorsal cirri were short, not surpassing notochaetae, and ventral cirri were minute. The slight difference in size of macrotubercles in rows 1 and 2 was indicated as “not resembling the spines illustrated by the naturalist (Savigny)” ( +de Quatrefages 1866: 269 +). + + + +FIGURE 5 +. + +Iphione muricata + +(Savigny +in +Lamarck, 1818 +), restricted, non-type specimen (CAS 227559). A. Dorsal view, depressed by glass slide. B. Left elytron 7, dorsal view (C–E: sections enlarged in following pictures). C. Close-up of fimbriae. D. Close-up of smaller, marginal spines. E. Close-up of larger, inner spines. F. Chaetiger 12, left parapodium, posterior view, notochaetae partially trimmed off (after Methyl green staining). G. Same, basal neurochaetal tips. Scale bars: A, 2.5 mm; B, 1.5 mm; F, 0.9 mm; G, 0.3 mm. + + + +We are thus restricting + +I. muricata + +(Savigny +in +Lamarck, 1818 +) to specimens with elytra having fimbriae and macrotubercles progressively smaller posteriorly. +Day (1951: 14) +noted that “there is great variation in the tubercles of the elytra.” However, elytra have mostly two rows of macrotubercles, and even though they can be eroded in older specimens, the striking size difference between those of the first row against the second one in + +I. readi + + +sp. nov. + +(= + +I +. +muricata sensu +Savigny 1822 + +) separates it from those being gradually smaller posteriorly as in + +I. muricata + +. After the study of juvenile specimens of both species, we conclude this difference is present once they have two rows of macrotubercles; in + +I. muricata + +they are progressively smaller posteriorly, whereas in + +I. readi + +the first row has markedly larger macrotubercles. + + +Pettibone (1986: 3 +, 9–10) studied the +syntype +of + +I. glabra +, MNHN + +335 that was also the +holotype +of + +I. muricata + +. She did not illustrate it and correctly regarded it as a junior synonym of + +I. muricata + +(Savigny +in +Lamarck, 1818 +). + + + +Iphione muricata + +resembles + +I. ankeri + + +sp. nov. + +from +Guam +because both have two or up to three rows of macrotubercles; they differ because in + +I. muricata + +the posterior elytral margin is almost smooth, whereas in + +I. ankeri + +the microtubercles have long filaments. Omani specimens of + +I. muricata + +appears to be closely related to + +I. fimbriata + +based on COI sequence data ( +Fig. 36 +). + + + + +Distribution +. Red Sea to +Mozambique +, east to +Samoa +, on coral reefs and in rocky or mixed bottoms in shallow water ( +0–45 m +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FF87BC65ADDBFC4DFA46F925.xml b/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FF87BC65ADDBFC4DFA46F925.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..02dbcce1fd6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FF87BC65ADDBFC4DFA46F925.xml @@ -0,0 +1,849 @@ + + + +Revision of Iphione Kinberg, 1856 (Annelida, Aphroditiformia, Iphionidae) + + + +Author + +Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I. +0000-0002-6931-0694 +Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 +ssalazar@ecosur.mx + + + +Author + +Piotrowski, Christina N. +0000-0002-1655-4097 +Collections Manager of Invertebrate Zoology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, U. S. A. cpiotrowski @ calacademy. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1655 - 4097 +cpiotrowski@calacademy.org + + + +Author + +Paulay, Gustav +0000-0003-4118-9797 +Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, U. S. A. paulay @ flmnh. ufl. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4118 - 9797 +paulay@flmnh.ufl.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2024 + +2024-12-09 + + +5548 + + +1 + + +1 +84 + + + + +https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 + +journal article +306745 +10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 +051f5e39-8357-46f3-8d90-98e537e95148 +1175-5334 +14387631 +55BA0F95-ED6F-4B8C-9A7D-56506E935639 + + + + + + + +Iphione +Kinberg, 1856 + + + + + + + + + + +Iphione +Kinberg, 1856: 383 + + +, + +1858: 8 + +; + +Baird 1865: 181 + +; de Quatrefages 1865: 266; + +Grube 1876: 50 + +; + +Grube 1878: 21 + +; + +Darboux 1900: 108 + +(syn.); + +Gravier 1901: 226 + +; + +Izuka 1912: 63 + +; + +Horst 1917b: 65 + +; + +Fauvel 1932: 12 + +; + +Fauvel 1953b: 32 + +; + +Day 1967: 43 + +; + +Fauchald 1977: 63 + +; + +Pettibone 1986: 6 + +; + +Hanley & Burke 1991: 38 + +(diagn., key); + +Wehe 2006: 61 + +(diagn., key). + + + + + + +Norepea +Baird, 1865: 200 + + + + +( +type +species: + +Polynoe peronea +Schmarda, 1861 + +by monotypy); synonymy after + +Chamberlin 1919: 40 + +, + +Fauchald 1977: 65 + +, and + +Pettibone 1986:6 + +. + + + + + + +Type +species + +. + +Iphione ovata +Kinberg, 1856 + +, by subsequent designation (Hartman 1959: 82). + + + + +Diagnosis +. Iphionids with prostomium with long lateral antennae, median antenna rarely present; two pairs of eyes; palps with longitudinal rows of papillae; 13 pairs of elytra on segments 2, 4, 5, 7, alternating segments to 23, and then on 27; elytral surface with macrotubercles usually projected, spinous or smooth, elytral margins smooth or with fimbriae; most neurochaetae thick, rarely acicular, tips unidentate or bidentate, rarely hooded, with subdistal transverse rows of spinules. + + + + +Remarks. +Baird (1865) +was first to designate a +type +species for + +Iphione + +, stating: “The typical species is the + +Polynoë muricata + +of Savigny, so beautifully represented by that author in his great work on +Egypt +.” Further, +Farber (1976: 95 +, footnotes 5, 6) noted that this +type +of phrasing was common in the 1840s, and while the Code has not been established, there were recommendations for using +types +and +type +species ( +Gray 1840 +, +Strickland 1845 +), although the first draft of the Rules for Nomenclature was published in 1843, and adopted in 1865 ( +Strickland 1843 +, +Sclater 1878 +). This subsequent designation was accepted by +Pettibone (1986: 2) +. Regretfully, Article 67.5 of the Code ( +ICZN 1999 +) explicitly rules out +type +species designations based on the word ‘typical’, making Baird’s designation not valid. Hartman (1959) was first to validly designate a +type +with + +Iphione ovata +Kinberg, 1856 + +. + + +While the +type +species of + +Norepea +Baird, 1865 + +is clearly an + +Iphione + +, what species it represents has been contentious. +Michaelsen (1892: 95) +regarded + +Polynoe peronea +Schmarda, 1861 + +described from Sri-Lanka, as a junior synonym of + +I. spinosa +Kinberg, 1858 + +, probably because both have elytra with smooth margins, without fimbriae. However, he noted differences: “The present specimen deviates from Kinberg’s description markedly, as the antennae are not quite smooth, but with sparse (ca. 15), cylindrical papillae.” In contrast, +Willey (1905: 246–247) +regarded + +P. peronea + +as a junior synonym of + +I. muricata + +(Savigny +in +Lamarck, 1818 +), even though + +I. spinosa + +was described with smooth elytral margins and that he noted that +Grube (1878: 22) +“states that the outer and posterior margin of the scale is fimbriated which is not so in + +I. peronea + +.” +Pettibone (1986: 4) +regarded + +P. peronea + +as an unidentifiable + +Iphione +species + +and the lack of +type +material implies that it will remain a +nomen dubium +. + + + + +Distribution +. + +Iphione + +appears to be restricted to, but ranges across, the entire tropical Indo-Pacific, from the Red Sea to +South Africa +and east to the Hawaiian and Tuamotu Islands and Americas, mostly in shallow rocky or mixed bottoms. No specimens are known from the tropical Atlantic, except one Red Sea species has recently invaded the Mediterranean Sea ( + +Goren +et al +. 2017 + +). The record by +Gibson (1886: 150) +of + +I. muricata + +from the Liverpool area was shown to be erroneous ( +Hornell 1891: 224 +). + + + + + +Diagnostic characters for + +Iphione +species + + + + +Elytra + + +Variation in some morphological features of the elytra have been explored by + +Piotrowski +et al +. (2024) + +. Because the elytra in + +Iphione + +are overlapped, portions are exposed, others are covered by adjacent elytra. Elytra are usually wider than long, the first pair oval, the second and third U-shaped, and the last roughly triangular. Elytral surface is mostly areolated, and areolation varies with size, less well-developed, but covering larger areas in small than large specimens ( + +Piotrowski +et al +. 2024 + +). Elytra have distinct anterior and posterior regions, and outer and inner areas. There is often a hyaline marginal band, usually along the outer elytral margins. + +Elytra are ornamented by diverse projecting structures that are categorized as macrotubercles, microtubercles, and fimbriae. These can all be broken, eroded or overgrown by epibionts. Finer details are best seen in smaller specimens because their elytra are thinner and are less obscured by foreign particles. + +Macrotubercles are distributed over much of the elytral surface, are fragile and often eroded, conical to digitate, ornamented by short stem spines and larger, stiff distal filaments ( +Fig. 1E, F +), and retain a small amount of sediment. Microtubercles are similar to macrotubercles, but small and arranged in several densely packed rows, especially along the posterior elytral margin ( +Fig. 1D, G +). Fimbriae typically occur in a marginal or submarginal band (rarely in inner elytral areas except in regenerating elytra), are flexible and easily bent, globular to cylindrical, ornamented with long, thin spines of similar size along their length and with long, flexible distal filaments, and usually covered by a thick layer of sediment particles that are difficult to remove. + + +Hanley & Burke (1991: 41) +indicated that fimbriae might become macrotubercles depending on “the degree of chitinization of the outer edge of the elytron.” This is hardly the case; first, fimbriae and macrotubercles can be present side by side, but no intermediate forms have been documented, and their basement lies along different elytral areas (opaque +versus +hyaline), especially in larger specimens, and second, along posterior elytral margins, some small macrotubercles might proceed from a low conical stiff structure into a larger, stiff one as elytra continues growing peripherally, whereas adjacent fimbriae are shape-conservative, and do not seem to re-shape themselves into small macrotubercles. + + +Elytral morphology varies with growth in some species and not in others. Additional rows of macrotubercles are added with growth in + +Iphione ovata +( + +Piotrowski +et al +. 2024 + +) + +, but not in + +I. readi + + +sp. nov. + +as shown in +Fig. 1 A–C +based on +three specimens +from one lot collected in the Sudanese +Red Sea +(NMH 1941.4.4.168–172) that were +9–25 mm +long, 7.0– +12.5 mm +wide. + + +Neurochaetal rows of denticles + +The number of rows of denticles on neurochaetae appears not to be a reliable diagnostic feature, because it varies substantially within species with size. + +One median cirrigerous parapodium was removed from +seven specimens +from +New Caledonia +, two in + +I. hyndmani + + +sp. nov +. + +(UF 5689, +15 mm +long, +8 mm +wide; UF 5695, +28 mm +long, +13 mm +wide), and five others of + +I. fimbriata +de Quatrefages, 1866 + +(UF 5020, 5025, 5620, 5656, 5677; +20–27 mm +long, +10–13 mm +wide), and +four specimens +of + +I. ankeri + + +sp. nov +. + +from the +Mariana Islands +(UF 134, 217, 1691, 1704; +12–15 mm +long, +6–9 mm +wide). The +New Caledonia +smaller specimen had 17–25 transverse rows of denticles in neurochaetae, whereas the larger specimen had 14–38 rows. Other +New Caledonia +specimens had 19–29 rows in the smallest specimen (UF 5656), and +28–44 in +the largest one (UF 5677). Thus, some smaller specimens had 10–18 rows (UF 134, 1704), whereas the largest one (UF 217; 15x +9 mm +) had 20–26 rows. Consequently, the number of transverse rows of denticles is size-dependent and is discarded as diagnostic. On the other hand, even though they can be finer along first two chaetigers, most + +Iphione +species + +have neurochaetae subdistally swollen with falcate tips, and only one species ( + +I. hourdezi + + +sp. nov. + +, see below) has barely swollen neurochaetae, such that they can be regarded as acicular, with tips mostly straight. + + +Anatomy + + +The ventral surface is almost completely flat ( +Fig. 2A +), with very shallow intersegmental borders, and a midventral longitudinal whitish band posteriorly. The digestive system is a straight tube, narrowing posteriorly ( +Fig. 2B +); the pharynx extends 2/5 body length, connects to a long, funnel-shaped stomach, the connection lies within a rather homogeneous sheath, the stomach connects to the intestine and progressively narrow towards the posterior end. The pharynx and stomach walls do not stain with Methyl Green. The pharynx wall is very thick, about 4–5 times thicker than the stomach wall ( +Fig. 2C +), and its connection includes an elastic collar that must be fully expanded when the pharynx is exposed. Two blunt enteric caeca project near the junction of the stomach and intestine. There are additional large, globular, lateral caeca entering parapodial coelom in chaetiger 8. Histological analysis in other aphroditoideans have indicated a very narrow enteric connection, and carmine injection has shown that gut contents do not enter the metameric lateral caeca ( +Darboux 1900: 222 +); further, despite the presence of glandular epithelia, the role of lateral caeca in digestion is not completely understood. + + +Dissection of the pharynx revealed upper and lower jaws. Middorsal and midventral papillae at the apex of the everted pharynx are larger than the others; jaws have a roughly triangular shape, with an apical fang and two accessory denticles, the latter larger in upper ( +Fig. 2D +) than lower jaws ( +Fig. 2E +). + + +The pharynx is cylindrical with 11 pairs of marginal papillae in all specimens having pharynx exposed. In dorsal view ( +Fig. 3A +), the marginal papillae are lobate, almost of the same size, and arranged in a row except for with two middorsal papillae that are stacked one above the other; behind the papillae there is a smooth area, followed by a rugose surface. The same smooth area is also present ventrally behind the papillae ( +Fig. 3B +). Upper and lower jaws are both paired and very close to each other. In both frontal and lateral views ( +Fig. 3C, D +), the main fang and accessory denticles are conspicuous because they are darker than surrounding tissues. In lateral view the pharynx aperture is semicircular with upper and lower regions projecting further anteriorly than mid-lateral areas; a semicircular ridge (also seen in dorsal view) may function as the attachment site of the lateral retractor muscles, (motor muscles of +Dales, 1962: 402 +, +Fig. 7B +). +Two specimens +from the same locality and of different size (UF 411) had their pharynx exposed; in both cases, there are 11 pairs of marginal papillae ( +Fig. 3E, F +) and the lateral ones are the smallest, and often difficult to be seen. Further, the smaller specimen has two accessory denticles, whereas the larger one has three, and in the larger specimen, behind the last exposed accessory denticle, there is another one still covered by integument, and it is noted because of its paler pigmentation. The number of accessory denticles may not be a diagnostic feature because it is size-dependent. + + + +Iphione +species + +can be separated by features of elytra, notopodia and neurochaetae (see also + +Piotrowski +et al +. 2024 + +). Elytra can have fimbriae or lack them; if present, fimbriae filaments can be minute, small or elongate. Elytral macrotubercles vary in shape, number of rows and size relationships among them: macrotubercles can be low, cushion-shaped, conical to digitate or cylindrical, and arranged in one to more than two rows in adult specimens, and although most have macrotubercles decreasing in size posteriorly, sometimes this trend is reversed, or the difference between the first and second row can be very marked. Microtubercles are usually present along posterior elytral margin; most species have them with long filaments, and only one species has short filaments. The basal tubercle of dorsal cirri of notopodia is usually projected, but in a few species it can be indistinct. Neurochaetae of most species are subdistally swollen, in one species, they are rather acicular with usually unidentate tips, a few species have bidentate tips, and one species has hooded tips. The combinations of these features were used to prepare the key to species below. + + + + + +Key to species of + +Iphione +Kinberg, 1856 + + + + + + + +1 +Elytra with macrotubercles arranged in 2 or more rows, never cushion-shaped, rarely marginal........................ +2 + + + + +- Elytra with macrotubercles arranged in a single row, cushion-shaped (falcate in juveniles), along posterior elytral half; fimbriae minute............................................................................................. +14 + + + + + + +2(1) +Elytra with margins fimbriate............................................................................ +3 + + + + +- Elytra with margins smooth, non-fimbriate................................................................ +11 + + + + + + +3(2) +Fimbriae well-developed, as long or longer than macrotubercles................................................ +4 + + + + +- Fimbriae minute, smaller than macrotubercles............................................................. +10 + + + + + + +4(3) +Macrotubercles distinct, arranged in up to 5 rows............................................................ +5 + + + + +- Macrotubercles small, arranged in up to 10 rows; fimbriae along lateral and posterior margins................................................................................................. + +I. henshawi +Pettibone, 1986 + +Hawaii + + + + + + +5(4) +First row of macrotubercles slightly larger than those present in other rows........................................ +6 + + + + +- First row of macrotubercles markedly larger than those present in other rows; macrotubercles in 2—three rows............................................................................................ + +I. readi + + +sp. nov. + +Red Sea + + + + + + +6(5) +Fimbriae length less than 1/10 minimal elytral width......................................................... +7 + + + + +- Fimbriae length about 1/5 as long as minimal elytral width; macrotubercles in 1—two rows along posterior elytral margin............................................................................ + +I. richeri + + +sp. nov. + +New Caledonia + + + + + + +7(6) +Dorsal cirrophores with distinct basal tubercle.............................................................. +8 + + + + +- Dorsal cirrophores with basal tubercle indistinct; elytra with 3–4(5) rows of macrotubercles..................................................................................................... + +I. hyndmani + + +sp. nov. + +Hong Kong + + + + + + +8(7) +Posterior elytral margins with microtubercles with long filaments............................................... +9 + + + + +- Posterior elytral margins almost smooth (microtubercles with short filaments); median elytra with 2—three rows of macrotubercles............................................... + +I. muricata + +(Savigny +in +Lamarck, 1818 +), +Mauritius + + + + + + +9(8) +Median elytra with two rows of macrotubercles........................................... + +I. ankeri + + +sp. nov. + +Guam + + + + +- Median elytra with 4–5 rows of macrotubercles...... + +I. fimbriata +de Quatrefages, 1866 + +, Northeastern +Australia +, Torres Strait + + + + + + +10(3) +Neurochaetae subdistally swollen, tips falcate; median elytra with macrotubercles in 2—three rows......................................................................................... + +I. malifera +Piotrowski, 2014 + +Philippines + + + + +- Neurochaetae barely swollen subdistally, acicular, tips mostly straight; median elytra with macrotubercles in two rows.............................................................................. + +I. hourdezi + + +sp. nov. + +New Caledonia + + + + + + +11(2) +Neurochaetae unidentate.............................................................................. +12 + + + + +- Neurochaetae bidentate............................................................................... +13 + + + + + + +12(11) +Elytra with macrotubercles conical................................................ + +I. ovata +Kinberg, 1856 + +Hawaii + + + + +- Elytra with macrotubercles subcylindrical, tapered, with distal spines, arranged in 5–6 rows.... + +I. wilsoni + + +sp. nov. + +Coral Sea + + + + + + +13(11) +Elytral macrotubercles progressively smaller towards postero-lateral margin................................................................................................ + +I. coriolis +Hanley & Burke, 1991 +Chesterfield Islands + + + + + +- Elytral macrotubercles progressively larger towards postero-lateral margin........... + +I. harrisae + + +sp. nov. + +French Polynesia + + + + + + +14(1) +Neurochaetae unidentate; cirrigerous parapodia with basal tubercle of dorsal cirrophore blackish distally, pale basally; ventral cirrostyles bases pale...................................................... + +I. treadwelli +Pettibone, 1986 + +Hawaii + + + + +- +Neurochaetae bidentate; cirrigerous parapodia with basal tubercle of dorsal cirrophore blackish basally, pale distally; ventral cirrostyles bases blackish............................................... + +I. corbariae + + +sp. nov. + +Saya de Malha Bank + + + + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FF91BC4BADDBFD65FDFCFD25.xml b/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FF91BC4BADDBFD65FDFCFD25.xml index 25b15de8437..af7e42af277 100644 --- a/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FF91BC4BADDBFD65FDFCFD25.xml +++ b/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FF91BC4BADDBFD65FDFCFD25.xml @@ -1,67 +1,69 @@ - - - -Revision of Iphione Kinberg, 1856 (Annelida, Aphroditiformia, Iphionidae) + + + +Revision of Iphione Kinberg, 1856 (Annelida, Aphroditiformia, Iphionidae) - - -Author + + +Author -Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I. -0000-0002-6931-0694 -Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 -ssalazar@ecosur.mx +Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I. +0000-0002-6931-0694 +Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 +ssalazar@ecosur.mx - - -Author + + +Author -Piotrowski, Christina N. -0000-0002-1655-4097 -Collections Manager of Invertebrate Zoology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, U. S. A. cpiotrowski @ calacademy. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1655 - 4097 -cpiotrowski@calacademy.org +Piotrowski, Christina N. +0000-0002-1655-4097 +Collections Manager of Invertebrate Zoology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, U. S. A. cpiotrowski @ calacademy. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1655 - 4097 +cpiotrowski@calacademy.org - - -Author + + +Author -Paulay, Gustav -0000-0002-6931-0694 -Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 & Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, U. S. A. paulay @ flmnh. ufl. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4118 - 9797 & Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 -ssalazar@ecosur.mx +Paulay, Gustav +0000-0003-4118-9797 +Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, U. S. A. paulay @ flmnh. ufl. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4118 - 9797 +paulay@flmnh.ufl.edu -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2024 - -2024-12-09 + +2024 + +2024-12-09 - -5548 + +5548 - -1 + +1 - -1 -84 + +1 +84 - -https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 + +https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 -1175-5334 -14387631 -55BA0F95-ED6F-4B8C-9A7D-56506E935639 +journal article +306745 +10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 +051f5e39-8357-46f3-8d90-98e537e95148 +1175-5334 +14387631 +55BA0F95-ED6F-4B8C-9A7D-56506E935639 - + @@ -159,7 +161,7 @@ Solís-Weiss - + Holotype @@ -170,18 +172,14 @@ Solís-Weiss , Torres Strait - -. - -Holotype -of +. Holotype of I. fimbriata de Quatrefages, 1866 ( -MNHN -POLY TYPE 325), +MNHN POLY TYPE 325 +), 1 Jan. 1841 @@ -195,7 +193,7 @@ POLY TYPE 325), Other type material examined . - + Philippine Islands @@ -211,14 +209,9 @@ of ), USFCS Albatross , Sta. 5401, off - -Tanguingui Island -Light - +Tanguingui Island Light , -North -of -Cebu +North of Cebu , fine sand, 54 m @@ -234,7 +227,7 @@ long, wide, 28 chaetigers) . - + Paratype of @@ -245,11 +238,8 @@ of USNM 18969 ), USFCS Albatross -, Sta. 5202, off -East -coast of -Leyte -Island +, Sta. 5202, +off East coast of Leyte Island , Caguayan Point , @@ -275,7 +265,10 @@ coast of . Seven specimens ( -AM 2612 + +AM +2612 + ), Low Isles , @@ -298,7 +291,10 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) Two specimens ( -AM 2814 + +AM +2814 + ), East Point , near @@ -319,9 +315,15 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) Two specimens ( -AM 5720 + +AM +5720 + ), -Brampton Island + +Brampton +Island + , Queensland , @@ -339,9 +341,15 @@ long, 15.5–17.0 mm wide, 29 chaetigers) Two specimens ( MAGNT -W270 + +W +270 + ), -Oxley Island + +Oxley +Island + , NT, coral rubble, reef edge, low tidal, 20 Oct. 1982 @@ -376,9 +384,15 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) Two specimens ( MAGNT -W6780 + +W +6780 + ), -Scorpion Island + +Scorpion +Island + , WA, Sta. RH 91-55, fringing shore reef, low subtidal, @@ -412,7 +426,7 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) Three specimens ( -NHM +NHM 1925.1.28.18–20), H.M.S. Alert , @@ -427,13 +441,16 @@ long, 11.5–13.0 mm wide, 29 chaetigers) Three specimens ( -NHM +NHM 1925.1.28.21–23), H.M.S. Alert , Torres Strait Islands , -Thursday Island + +Thursday +Island + , sand, 7–13 m @@ -450,7 +467,7 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) Seven specimens ( -NHM +NHM 1925.1.28.26–34), H.M.S. Alert , @@ -465,7 +482,10 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) Three specimens ( -NHM 1970.113 + +NHM +1970.113 + b), Grahams Point (no further data; one bent ventrally; elytra brownish, darker in posterior regions, oblique longitudinal wide darker bands, with 4–5 rows of macrotubercles; body @@ -478,8 +498,11 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) One specimen ( -ZMH -V497 +ZMH + +V +497 + ), Bowen , @@ -500,13 +523,18 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) . One specimen ( -NHM +NHM 1925.1.28 ), -Gulf of Siam -(Thailand) (no further data; bent ventrally; elytra brownish with an oblique wide darker band; macrotubercles in 4 rows; basal tubercle of dorsal cirrophore projected; neurochaetae unidentate, slightly falcate; body + +Gulf of +Siam + +( +Thailand +) (no further data; bent ventrally; elytra brownish with an oblique wide darker band; macrotubercles in 4 rows; basal tubercle of dorsal cirrophore projected; neurochaetae unidentate, slightly falcate; body 36 mm long, 14.5 mm @@ -552,7 +580,10 @@ unnumb.), One specimen ( ZMA -V471.1 + +V +471.1 + ), Lesser Sunda Islands , @@ -582,7 +613,10 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) One specimen ( ZMA -V471.4 + +V +471.4 + ), Sulawesi , @@ -591,8 +625,13 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) Sta. 115 ( Kwandang Bay -, E side of -Pajunga Island +, +E +side of + +Pajunga +Island + ), reef-exploration, 9–11 Jul. 1899 @@ -604,7 +643,10 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) One specimen ( ZMA -V471.5 + +V +471.5 + ), Sulawesi , @@ -612,7 +654,10 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) , Sta. 125 ( -Siau Island + +Siau +Island + , anchorage off Sawan ), @@ -620,7 +665,12 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) 27 m , dredge, townet, -Monaco trap + + +Monaco + +trap + , reef-exploration, stones, 18–19 Jul. 1899 @@ -632,7 +682,10 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) Two specimens ( ZMA -V471.8 + +V +471.8 + ), Sulawesi , @@ -640,7 +693,10 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) , Stat. 131 ( -Karakelang Island + +Karakelang +Island + , anchorage off Beo ), @@ -662,7 +718,10 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) One specimen ( ZMA -V471.10 + +V +471.10 + ), Maluku , @@ -670,7 +729,10 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) , Stat. 144 (anchorage -N of Salomakiëe (Damar) Island + +N of Salomakiëe (Damar) +Island + ), 45 m @@ -690,7 +752,10 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) Three specimens ( ZMA -V471.15 + +V +471.15 + ), Sulawesi , @@ -718,7 +783,10 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) One specimen ( ZMA -V471.15 + +V +471.15 + b), Sulawesi , @@ -746,7 +814,10 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) One specimen ( ZMA -V471.17 + +V +471.17 + ), Sulawesi , @@ -754,7 +825,12 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) , Sta. 225 ( -Lucipara Island, S + +Lucipara +Island +, +S + point), reef (in label), coral + shells, 8 Nov. 1899 @@ -770,7 +846,10 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) Five specimens ( ZMA -V471.18 + +V +471.18 + ), Maluku , @@ -778,7 +857,9 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) , Sta. 231 ( -Ambon + +Ambon + , at anchorage), 40 m @@ -794,7 +875,10 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) One specimen ( ZMA -V471.19 + +V +471.19 + ), Maluku , @@ -824,7 +908,10 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers Two specimens ( ZMA -V473 + +V +473 + ), Java , @@ -875,13 +962,22 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) One specimen ( -LACM 6917 + +LACM +6917 + ), Tubatatha ( -08°55’26.4” S + +08°55’26.4” +S + , -119°59’56.4” E + +119°59’56.4” +E + ), 24–38 m @@ -902,14 +998,22 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) Two specimens ( -LACM 6918 + +LACM +6918 + ), East side of Palawan -Island + +Island + , off -Fondeado Island + +Fondeado +Island + , Hondo Bay , @@ -917,9 +1021,15 @@ side of 100 m from shore ( -09°55’51.6” N + +09°55’51.6” +N + , -118°55’01.2” E + +118°55’01.2” +E + ), 0.6 m @@ -977,7 +1087,10 @@ wide, 23 chaetigers) One specimen ( -USNM 81942 + +USNM +81942 + ), Bikini Atoll , @@ -1008,9 +1121,15 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) . One specimen ( -CAS 190471 + +CAS +190471 + ), -Papua New Guinea Biodiversity Expedition + +Papua New Guinea +Biodiversity Expedition + 2012, Madang Province , @@ -1037,7 +1156,10 @@ wide, 28 chaetigers; two copepod parasites on dorsum, visible between elytra, th . Three specimens ( -USNM 97382 + +USNM +97382 + ), Guadalcanal , @@ -1095,7 +1217,10 @@ end ( Two specimens ( -UF 5025 + +UF +5025 + ), Province Sud , @@ -1103,9 +1228,15 @@ end ( , Îlot N’Do ( -22°18’48.528” S + +22°18’48.528” +S + , -166°28’12.9” E + +166°28’12.9” +E + ), 1–8 m @@ -1128,7 +1259,10 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) One specimen ( -UF 5620 + +UF +5620 + ), Province Sud , @@ -1138,9 +1272,15 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) , South part ( -22°18’13.536” S + +22°18’13.536” +S + , -166°26’03.66” E + +166°26’03.66” +E + ), 0–2 m @@ -1163,15 +1303,24 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) One specimen ( -UF 5656 + +UF +5656 + ), Province Sud , Banc Ouest ( -22°26’40.704” S + +22°26’40.704” +S + , -166°28’54.336” E + +166°28’54.336” +E + ), 0–1 m @@ -1196,7 +1345,10 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) One specimen ( -UF 5677 + +UF +5677 + ), Province Sud , @@ -1206,9 +1358,15 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) side of Nouméa ( -22°17’28.248” S + +22°17’28.248” +S + , -166°27’34.236” E + +166°27’34.236” +E + ), 0–2 m @@ -1237,8 +1395,11 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) . Two specimens ( -MNHN -IA 2022-930 +MNHN + +IA +2022-930 + ), Efate , @@ -1254,6 +1415,7 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) . + Samoa @@ -1264,6 +1426,7 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) long, 14 mm wide, 29 chaetigers; pharynx exposed, it was dissected open previously (notes in variation); three parapodia previously dissected. Another specimen middorsally dissected and all elytra removed shows anterior eyes in lateral projections, very close to posterior ones). + diff --git a/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FF92BC70ADDBF964FD24FD09.xml b/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FF92BC70ADDBF964FD24FD09.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..e9077eda192 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FF92BC70ADDBF964FD24FD09.xml @@ -0,0 +1,228 @@ + + + +Revision of Iphione Kinberg, 1856 (Annelida, Aphroditiformia, Iphionidae) + + + +Author + +Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I. +0000-0002-6931-0694 +Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 +ssalazar@ecosur.mx + + + +Author + +Piotrowski, Christina N. +0000-0002-1655-4097 +Collections Manager of Invertebrate Zoology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, U. S. A. cpiotrowski @ calacademy. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1655 - 4097 +cpiotrowski@calacademy.org + + + +Author + +Paulay, Gustav +0000-0003-4118-9797 +Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, U. S. A. paulay @ flmnh. ufl. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4118 - 9797 +paulay@flmnh.ufl.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2024 + +2024-12-09 + + +5548 + + +1 + + +1 +84 + + + + +https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 + +journal article +306745 +10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 +051f5e39-8357-46f3-8d90-98e537e95148 +1175-5334 +14387631 +55BA0F95-ED6F-4B8C-9A7D-56506E935639 + + + + + + + +Iphione peronea +( +Schmarda, 1861 +) + +n. comb., indeterminable + + + + + + + + + +Polynoe peronea +Schmarda, 1861: 157 + + +, Textfigs 315, 316, Pl. 36, Figs 315, 315a; + +Chamberlin 1919: 40 + +(syn.). + + + + + +? +Iphione spinosa + +: + +Michaelsen 1892: 95 + +(record from Sri-Lanka). + + + + + +? +Iphione muricata + +: + +Willey 1905: 246–248 + +, Pl. 1, +Fig. 6 +; + +Augener 1926: 442 + +( +partim +) ( +non +Savigny +in +Lamarck, 1818 +) record from +Sri Lanka +. + + + + + +Remarks +. + +Iphione peronea +( +Schmarda, 1861 +) + +was described from +Sri Lanka +, having elytra without oblique blackish lines. Schmarda also noted a long median antenna, that elytral margins were fimbriate, and illustrated neurochaetae as subdistally swollen with unidentate, slightly falcate tips. Other features were not clarified, so it could not be incorporated in the key above. +Willey (1905: 247) +attributed his specimen to + +I. imbricata + +, found in his specimens that elytra were fimbriate, and he indicated they were smooth in + +I. peronea + +, but this is not the case. +Chamberlin (1919: 40) +indicated + +I. peronea + +was ‘the same as + +Iphione muricata + +.’ + + +The original Sri-Lankan specimens are not in Vienna, they are presumed lost (F. Pedro, e-mail, +21 Feb. 2023 +). Because of the confusing original description, the fact that some records regarded it as a junior synonym of + +I. spinosa + +that has smooth elytral margins ( +Michaelsen 1892 +), or of + +I. muricata + +that has fimbriate margins ( +Willey 1905 +, +Augener 1926 +), and the lack of +type +material, + +Polynoe peronea + +is herein regarded as belonging in + +Iphione + +, hence the new combination, but its status is indeterminable. Two additional species have been recorded from +Sri Lanka +whose identity is poorly understood: + +I. spinosa +( +Michaelsen, 1892 +) + +and + +I. muricata +( +Willey, 1905 +) + +. Whether these represent the same species as Schmarda’s is unknown. + + + + +Distribution +. Originally described from +Sri Lanka + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FFA0BC45ADDBFD34FF65FA81.xml b/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FFA0BC45ADDBFD34FF65FA81.xml index 55775b70261..e133321d87b 100644 --- a/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FFA0BC45ADDBFD34FF65FA81.xml +++ b/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FFA0BC45ADDBFD34FF65FA81.xml @@ -1,67 +1,69 @@ - - - -Revision of Iphione Kinberg, 1856 (Annelida, Aphroditiformia, Iphionidae) + + + +Revision of Iphione Kinberg, 1856 (Annelida, Aphroditiformia, Iphionidae) - - -Author + + +Author -Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I. -0000-0002-6931-0694 -Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 -ssalazar@ecosur.mx +Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I. +0000-0002-6931-0694 +Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 +ssalazar@ecosur.mx - - -Author + + +Author -Piotrowski, Christina N. -0000-0002-1655-4097 -Collections Manager of Invertebrate Zoology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, U. S. A. cpiotrowski @ calacademy. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1655 - 4097 -cpiotrowski@calacademy.org +Piotrowski, Christina N. +0000-0002-1655-4097 +Collections Manager of Invertebrate Zoology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, U. S. A. cpiotrowski @ calacademy. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1655 - 4097 +cpiotrowski@calacademy.org - - -Author + + +Author -Paulay, Gustav -0000-0002-6931-0694 -Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 & Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, U. S. A. paulay @ flmnh. ufl. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4118 - 9797 & Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 -ssalazar@ecosur.mx +Paulay, Gustav +0000-0003-4118-9797 +Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, U. S. A. paulay @ flmnh. ufl. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4118 - 9797 +paulay@flmnh.ufl.edu -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2024 - -2024-12-09 + +2024 + +2024-12-09 - -5548 + +5548 - -1 + +1 - -1 -84 + +1 +84 - -https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 + +https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 -1175-5334 -14387631 -55BA0F95-ED6F-4B8C-9A7D-56506E935639 +journal article +306745 +10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 +051f5e39-8357-46f3-8d90-98e537e95148 +1175-5334 +14387631 +55BA0F95-ED6F-4B8C-9A7D-56506E935639 - + @@ -108,24 +110,38 @@ Solís-Weiss . Coral Sea, Chesterfield Islands . + Holotype ( -MNHN -POLY TYPE 574), RV -Coriolis, Cruise Corail -2, Sta. RH 88-65 ( +MNHN POLY TYPE 574 +), + +RV + +Coriolis, +Cruise Corail 2 + + +, Sta. RH 88-65 ( 19°06’ S , 158°53.26’ E ), -32–60 m + +32–60 m + , coral, coral rubble and coral sand with some Halimeda , -27 Jul. 1988 -, R. Hanley, coll. + +27 Jul. 1988 + +, +R. Hanley +, coll. + Additional material @@ -212,15 +228,29 @@ wide, chaetigers not counted) One specimen ( -UF 162 + +UF +162 + ), -Mariana Islands + +Mariana Islands + , -Pagan Island + +Pagan +Island + ( -18°07’ N + +18°07’ +N + , -145°46’ E + +145°46’ +E + ), Southwestern side, rock wall, @@ -243,15 +273,27 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) One specimen ( -UF 168 + +UF +168 + ), -Guam Island + +Guam +Island + , Double Reef ( -13°30’00.0” N + +13°30’00.0” +N + , -144°48’00.0” E + +144°48’00.0” +E + ), 3–10 m @@ -352,7 +394,10 @@ wide, chaetigers not counted to avoid damaging the specimen) . One specimen ( -LACM 12809 + +LACM +12809 + ) , @@ -362,9 +407,15 @@ wide, chaetigers not counted to avoid damaging the specimen) , French Frigate Shoals , lagoon patch reef ( -23°49’01.2” N + +23°49’01.2” +N + , -166°17’20.4” W + +166°17’20.4” +W + ), 10.7 m @@ -392,7 +443,10 @@ long, wide, 29 chaetigers). Two specimens ( -LACM 12810 + +LACM +12810 + ) , @@ -402,9 +456,15 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers). , French Frigate Shoals , fore reef ( -23°51’46.8” N + +23°51’46.8” +N + , -166°11’02.4” W + +166°11’02.4” +W + ), 25.9 m @@ -432,7 +492,10 @@ long, wide, 29 chaetigers). One specimen ( -LACM 12811 + +LACM +12811 + ) , @@ -444,9 +507,15 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers). , La Perouse Pinnacle ( -23°46’12.0” N + +23°46’12.0” +N + , -166°15’39.6” W + +166°15’39.6” +W + ), 9.8 m @@ -478,7 +547,10 @@ long, wide, 28 chaetigers). One specimen ( -UF 5449 + +UF +5449 + ) , @@ -487,11 +559,20 @@ wide, 28 chaetigers). , Kaneohe Bay , -North of Kapapa Island + +North of Kapapa +Island + ( -21°30’05.652” N + +21°30’05.652” +N + , -157°47’47.148” W + +157°47’47.148” +W + ), 15–18 m @@ -505,7 +586,10 @@ wide, 28 chaetigers). team, coll. (data in variation). One specimen ( -UF 5450 + +UF +5450 + ) , @@ -514,11 +598,20 @@ team, coll. (data in variation). , Kaneohe Bay , -North of Kapapa Island + +North of Kapapa +Island + ( -21°30’05.652” N + +21°30’05.652” +N + , -157°47’47.148” W + +157°47’47.148” +W + ), 15–18 m @@ -658,12 +751,10 @@ Median cirrigerous segments ( ). Anus not seen. Oocytes in densely packed masses in coelom, each oocyte about 80–90 μm in diameter. - The small female ( UF 5449 ) differs from the holotype - of I. coriolis diff --git a/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FFA9BC4CADDBFF24FCF6F9A1.xml b/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FFA9BC4CADDBFF24FCF6F9A1.xml index c668e6a6438..eb588d6784d 100644 --- a/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FFA9BC4CADDBFF24FCF6F9A1.xml +++ b/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FFA9BC4CADDBFF24FCF6F9A1.xml @@ -1,67 +1,69 @@ - - - -Revision of Iphione Kinberg, 1856 (Annelida, Aphroditiformia, Iphionidae) + + + +Revision of Iphione Kinberg, 1856 (Annelida, Aphroditiformia, Iphionidae) - - -Author + + +Author -Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I. -0000-0002-6931-0694 -Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 -ssalazar@ecosur.mx +Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I. +0000-0002-6931-0694 +Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 +ssalazar@ecosur.mx - - -Author + + +Author -Piotrowski, Christina N. -0000-0002-1655-4097 -Collections Manager of Invertebrate Zoology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, U. S. A. cpiotrowski @ calacademy. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1655 - 4097 -cpiotrowski@calacademy.org +Piotrowski, Christina N. +0000-0002-1655-4097 +Collections Manager of Invertebrate Zoology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, U. S. A. cpiotrowski @ calacademy. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1655 - 4097 +cpiotrowski@calacademy.org - - -Author + + +Author -Paulay, Gustav -0000-0002-6931-0694 -Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 & Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, U. S. A. paulay @ flmnh. ufl. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4118 - 9797 & Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 -ssalazar@ecosur.mx +Paulay, Gustav +0000-0003-4118-9797 +Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, U. S. A. paulay @ flmnh. ufl. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4118 - 9797 +paulay@flmnh.ufl.edu -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2024 - -2024-12-09 + +2024 + +2024-12-09 - -5548 + +5548 - -1 + +1 - -1 -84 + +1 +84 - -https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 + +https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 -1175-5334 -14387631 -55BA0F95-ED6F-4B8C-9A7D-56506E935639 +journal article +306745 +10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 +051f5e39-8357-46f3-8d90-98e537e95148 +1175-5334 +14387631 +55BA0F95-ED6F-4B8C-9A7D-56506E935639 - + @@ -112,7 +114,7 @@ Type material . - + Hawaii @@ -121,18 +123,14 @@ ( USNM 81936 ), -Hilo -, low water, +Hilo, low water +, May 1904 , H. Henshaw -, coll. ( -holotype -in worse condition than -paratype -; body pale, without elytra; right parapodia of chaetigers 2, 9, 12–15 previously removed (kept in container); prostomium with eyes black, anterior eyes in lateral projections, very close to posterior eyes; elytra with epibionts, variably eroded, dark yellow, with one to a few thin blackish oblique lines, some without lines; macrotubercles small, in median elytra about 10 rows; cirrigerous segments with dorsal cirrophores without projected basal tubercle; body +, coll. (holotype in worse condition than paratype; body pale, without elytra; right parapodia of chaetigers 2, 9, 12–15 previously removed (kept in container); prostomium with eyes black, anterior eyes in lateral projections, very close to posterior eyes; elytra with epibionts, variably eroded, dark yellow, with one to a few thin blackish oblique lines, some without lines; macrotubercles small, in median elytra about 10 rows; cirrigerous segments with dorsal cirrophores without projected basal tubercle; body 29 mm long, 16 mm @@ -175,8 +173,11 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) . One specimen ( -BPBM -R481 +BPBM + +R +481 + ) , @@ -197,7 +198,10 @@ long, wide, 28 chaetigers; data used for variation). One specimen ( -CASIZ 10057 + +CASIZ +10057 + ) , @@ -218,7 +222,10 @@ long, wide, 29 chaetigers). One specimen ( -CAS 10075 + +CAS +10075 + ) @@ -244,7 +251,10 @@ long, wide, 28 chaetigers). One specimen ( -LACM 7461 + +LACM +7461 + ) , @@ -257,9 +267,15 @@ wide, 28 chaetigers). , Kapalua Bay ( -20°59.98’ N + +20°59.98’ +N + , -156°40.06’ W + +156°40.06’ +W + ), 3.6–4.5 m @@ -277,8 +293,11 @@ long, wide, 29 chaetigers). One specimen ( -LACM -AHF 12813 +LACM + +AHF +12813 + ) , @@ -293,7 +312,10 @@ long, wide, 29 chaetigers). One specimen ( -UF 152 + +UF +152 + ) , @@ -301,9 +323,15 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers). off Cook Point ( -19°28’36.9001” N + +19°28’36.9001” +N + , -155°56’23.5” W + +155°56’23.5” +W + ), 5–10 m @@ -323,11 +351,14 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) . + Red Sea. - One specimen ( -UF 3666 + +UF +3666 + ), Saudi Arabia , off @@ -335,9 +366,15 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) , Shark Reef ( -22°25’37.2” N + +22°25’37.2” +N + , -38°59’45.6” E + +38°59’45.6” +E + ), 0–20 m @@ -368,12 +405,18 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) ( ZMA -V2580 + +V +2580 + ), Delagoa Bay , near -Johaca Island + +Johaca +Island + , Jul. 1935 @@ -398,8 +441,11 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) . One specimen ( -MNHN -A 274-33 +MNHN + +A +274-33 + ), 1901–1911, M. Ferlus , coll. (no further data; fixed in ethanol, bent ventrally, regenerating posterior region; most elytra detaching from body; elytra yellowish with 7–8 rows of microtubercles; body @@ -412,18 +458,30 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) One specimen ( -MNHN -IA 2015-162 +MNHN + +IA +2015-162 + ), -Cruise Madagascar + +Cruise +Madagascar + 2010, RV Miriky , Sta. DW 3238 ( -14°29´S + +14°29´ +S + , -47°27´E + +47°27´ +E + ), 139– 48 m @@ -444,8 +502,8 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) . + Mascarene Islands, - La Réunion @@ -489,15 +547,24 @@ wide, 28 chaetigers) One specimen ( -UF 657 + +UF +657 + ), Saint-Leu , Sec Jaune ( -21°09’19.8” S + +21°09’19.8” +S + , -55°16’52.0201” E + +55°16’52.0201” +E + ), 10–19 m @@ -652,7 +719,10 @@ wide, 28 chaetigers) Three specimens ( -USNM 100444 + +USNM +100444 + ), Okinawa , @@ -662,15 +732,24 @@ wide, 28 chaetigers) WNW off Omna Village ( -26°30’00” N + +26°30’00” +N + , -127°50’54” E + +127°50’54” +E + ), 54.9 m -, 23 +, + +23 May + , 25 Sep. 1981 @@ -735,7 +814,10 @@ wide, 28 chaetigers) One specimen ( AM -W37302 + +W +37302 + ), Woodside Kimberley Survey 2010, Sta. 34, 12 m @@ -805,7 +887,10 @@ wide, 28 chaetigers) . One specimen ( -UF592 + +UF +592 + ), KiritmatiAtoll,under rocks, 21Aug.2005 @@ -990,7 +1075,6 @@ long and has 4–5 rows of macrotubercles; both have barely developed basal tube . - The specimen recorded by Wehe (2006) from the @@ -1015,9 +1099,7 @@ Hawaiian specimens. The difference in notochaetal pigmentation and the number of rows of macrotubercles are size-dependent, and consequently, Red Sea -specimens are herein regarded as conspecific - -. +specimens are herein regarded as conspecific. diff --git a/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FFADBC41ADDBF9CDFC87FDBA.xml b/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FFADBC41ADDBF9CDFC87FDBA.xml index 398e778c297..faaeabe92ad 100644 --- a/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FFADBC41ADDBF9CDFC87FDBA.xml +++ b/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FFADBC41ADDBF9CDFC87FDBA.xml @@ -1,67 +1,69 @@ - - - -Revision of Iphione Kinberg, 1856 (Annelida, Aphroditiformia, Iphionidae) + + + +Revision of Iphione Kinberg, 1856 (Annelida, Aphroditiformia, Iphionidae) - - -Author + + +Author -Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I. -0000-0002-6931-0694 -Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 -ssalazar@ecosur.mx +Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I. +0000-0002-6931-0694 +Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 +ssalazar@ecosur.mx - - -Author + + +Author -Piotrowski, Christina N. -0000-0002-1655-4097 -Collections Manager of Invertebrate Zoology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, U. S. A. cpiotrowski @ calacademy. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1655 - 4097 -cpiotrowski@calacademy.org +Piotrowski, Christina N. +0000-0002-1655-4097 +Collections Manager of Invertebrate Zoology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, U. S. A. cpiotrowski @ calacademy. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1655 - 4097 +cpiotrowski@calacademy.org - - -Author + + +Author -Paulay, Gustav -0000-0002-6931-0694 -Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 & Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, U. S. A. paulay @ flmnh. ufl. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4118 - 9797 & Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 -ssalazar@ecosur.mx +Paulay, Gustav +0000-0003-4118-9797 +Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, U. S. A. paulay @ flmnh. ufl. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4118 - 9797 +paulay@flmnh.ufl.edu -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2024 - -2024-12-09 + +2024 + +2024-12-09 - -5548 + +5548 - -1 + +1 - -1 -84 + +1 +84 - -https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 + +https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 -1175-5334 -14387631 -55BA0F95-ED6F-4B8C-9A7D-56506E935639 +journal article +306745 +10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 +051f5e39-8357-46f3-8d90-98e537e95148 +1175-5334 +14387631 +55BA0F95-ED6F-4B8C-9A7D-56506E935639 - + @@ -114,7 +116,7 @@ Type material . - + Hawaii @@ -123,16 +125,14 @@ ( USNM 5435 ), -Auau Channel +Auau Channel , -Maui Island +Maui Island , -Lahaina +Lahaina , -RV Albatross -, unnumb. -Sta. -( +RV Albatross +, unnumb. Sta. ( 20 51 35 N , 156 42 35 W @@ -146,17 +146,15 @@ . - + Paratype ( USNM 81934 -), off -Laysan Island -, USFCS -Albatross +), +off Laysan Island , -Sta. -3936, 142– +USFCS Albatross +, Sta. 3936, 142– 234 m @@ -184,11 +182,7 @@ wide, probably 28 chaetigers, not manipulated to avoid further damage) One specimen ( ECOSUR 3-117 -), -Musorstom -3, -Sta. DR -117 ( +), Musorstom 3, Sta. DR 117 ( 12°31’ N , 120°39’ E @@ -203,15 +197,11 @@ wide, probably 28 chaetigers, not manipulated to avoid further damage) (markedly bent ventrally; elytra with macrotubercles short, digitate, in a single row; not measured to avoid further damage) . - + Two specimens ( ECOSUR 3-131 -), -Musorstom -3, -Sta. CP -131 ( +), Musorstom 3, Sta. CP 131 ( 11°36.6’ N , 121°43.0’ E @@ -225,7 +215,8 @@ wide, probably 28 chaetigers, not manipulated to avoid further damage) (bent ventrally, some elytra detached and one specimen -distorted by compression; elytra yellow with abundant brownish spots; macrotubercles arranged in a single row, as fragile blunt spines, eroded to low, cushion-shaped tubercles; median cirrigerous segments with a projected basal tubercle to dorsal cirrophores; neurochaetae unidentate; undamaged specimen +distorted by compression; elytra yellow with abundant brownish spots; macrotubercles arranged in a single row, as fragile blunt spines, eroded to low, cushion-shaped tubercles; median cirrigerous segments with a projected basal tubercle to dorsal cirrophores; neurochaetae unidentate; undamaged +specimen 13 mm long, 7 mm @@ -236,11 +227,7 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) One specimen ( ECOSUR 3-137 -), -Musorstom -3, -Sta. DR -137 ( +), Musorstom 3, Sta. DR 137 ( 12°03’ N , 111°06’ E @@ -281,8 +268,8 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) , Hagatna Bay , -East -side ( +East side +( 13°30’00” N , 144°48’00” E @@ -354,13 +341,22 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) Two specimens ( -AM 21762 + +AM +21762 + ), 500 km ENE off Sydney ( -33°06’11.9999” S + +33°06’11.9999” +S + , -156°09’18.00” E + +156°09’18.00” +E + ), 164 m @@ -385,13 +381,21 @@ long, 3.5–5.0 mm wide, 27–29 chaetigers) One specimen ( -MAGNT 5456 + +MAGNT +5456 + ), RV Corail , Sta. -94DW (19°86’ S, -158°58’ E +94DW (19°86’ +S +, + +158°58’ +E + ), 36–53 m @@ -413,15 +417,24 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) One specimen ( MAGNT -W5457 + +W +5457 + ), RV Corail , Sta. 26DW ( -20°21.98’ S + +20°21.98’ +S + , -161°04.87’ E + +161°04.87’ +E + ), 62 m @@ -513,16 +526,25 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) One specimen ( -MNHN -IA 2015-73 +MNHN + +IA +2015-73 + ), Mission KANACONO, Sta. DW 4732 ( -22°34’ S + +22°34’ +S + , -167°36’ E + +167°36’ +E + ), 194– 168 m @@ -542,16 +564,25 @@ KANACONO, One specimen ( -MNHN -IA 2015-74 +MNHN + +IA +2015-74 + ), Mission KANACONO, Sta. DW 4763 ( -23°17’ S + +23°17’ +S + , -168°15’ E + +168°15’ +E + ), 192–260 m @@ -611,8 +642,11 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) Two specimens ( -MNHN -IA 2013-163 +MNHN + +IA +2013-163 + ), Palliser Islands , @@ -622,9 +656,15 @@ TARASOC, NNW off , Sta. DW 3362 ( -16°07’ S + +16°07’ +S + , -146°23’ W + +146°23’ +W + ), 198–280 m @@ -646,8 +686,11 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) Two specimens ( -MNHN -IA 2013-166 +MNHN + +IA +2013-166 + ), Palliser Islands , @@ -661,9 +704,15 @@ and atolls, Sta. DW 3372 ( -15°39’ S + +15°39’ +S + , -145°55’ W + +145°55’ +W + ), 326–540 m @@ -848,7 +897,6 @@ specimens provided with elytral fimbriae, previously often recorded from the Haw ). - Besides pigmentation, which can be lost after long time preservation in ethanol, there are several differences between the type specimen described from Hawaii, and the specimens from @@ -875,9 +923,7 @@ specimens, as illustrated by Figs 15–17 ) is that the series of rows of denticles do not completely cover chaetae but apparently leave the dorsal surface smooth. However -, this might be an artifact because tips of the series of spines are visible along the dorsal surface in his figures - -. +, this might be an artifact because tips of the series of spines are visible along the dorsal surface in his figures. diff --git a/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FFB3BC56ADDBFE00FDFCF9F8.xml b/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FFB3BC56ADDBFE00FDFCF9F8.xml index bb2a883e29f..6dccf45e8cf 100644 --- a/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FFB3BC56ADDBFE00FDFCF9F8.xml +++ b/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FFB3BC56ADDBFE00FDFCF9F8.xml @@ -1,68 +1,70 @@ - - - -Revision of Iphione Kinberg, 1856 (Annelida, Aphroditiformia, Iphionidae) + + + +Revision of Iphione Kinberg, 1856 (Annelida, Aphroditiformia, Iphionidae) - - -Author + + +Author -Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I. -0000-0002-6931-0694 -Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 -ssalazar@ecosur.mx +Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I. +0000-0002-6931-0694 +Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 +ssalazar@ecosur.mx - - -Author + + +Author -Piotrowski, Christina N. -0000-0002-1655-4097 -Collections Manager of Invertebrate Zoology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, U. S. A. cpiotrowski @ calacademy. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1655 - 4097 -cpiotrowski@calacademy.org +Piotrowski, Christina N. +0000-0002-1655-4097 +Collections Manager of Invertebrate Zoology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, U. S. A. cpiotrowski @ calacademy. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1655 - 4097 +cpiotrowski@calacademy.org - - -Author + + +Author -Paulay, Gustav -0000-0002-6931-0694 -Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 & Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, U. S. A. paulay @ flmnh. ufl. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4118 - 9797 & Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 -ssalazar@ecosur.mx +Paulay, Gustav +0000-0003-4118-9797 +Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, U. S. A. paulay @ flmnh. ufl. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4118 - 9797 +paulay@flmnh.ufl.edu -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2024 - -2024-12-09 + +2024 + +2024-12-09 - -5548 + +5548 - -1 + +1 - -1 -84 + +1 +84 - -https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 + +https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 -1175-5334 -14387631 -55BA0F95-ED6F-4B8C-9A7D-56506E935639 +journal article +306745 +10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 +051f5e39-8357-46f3-8d90-98e537e95148 +1175-5334 +14387631 +55BA0F95-ED6F-4B8C-9A7D-56506E935639 - - + + @@ -73,14 +75,14 @@ + + urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 1C85364D-5298-4873-A1A2-7285B0B798B2 - - Figs 24–26 , @@ -113,7 +115,7 @@ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: Type material. - + Hong Kong @@ -139,9 +141,9 @@ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: G. Paulay & J. Moore -, coll. +, coll. COI barcode: +GenBank PQ423938 -COI barcode: GenBank PQ423938 Paratype ( @@ -192,13 +194,18 @@ holotype (UF 5695). A. Anterior end, dorsal view after removal of some elytra. B One specimen ( -AM 19902 + +AM +19902 + ), Peng Chau , Mirs Bay , southern tip of -Hong Kong + +Hong Kong + , 10 m @@ -219,7 +226,10 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) One specimen ( -AM 19977 + +AM +19977 + ), Cox Head Rock , @@ -236,7 +246,10 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) One specimen ( -AM 20023 + +AM +20023 + ), Sui Mun (deep pass), off @@ -261,7 +274,10 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) One specimen ( -AM 20050 + +AM +20050 + ), Chik Chau , @@ -286,13 +302,25 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) One specimen ( -UF 5839 + +UF +5839 + ), -Shelter Island + +Shelter +Island + , patchy coral ( -22°19’51.6” N + +22°19’51.6” +N + , -114°17’34.8” E + +114°17’34.8” +E + ), 2–5 m @@ -313,11 +341,19 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) Mascarene Islands. - + One specimen ( -NMWZ 2001.060 -.ooo1), Rodrigues Expedition 2001, Sta. 3RIO, Île aux Fous, + +NMWZ +2001.060.ooo1 + +), Rodrigues Expedition 2001, Sta. 3RIO, + +Île +aux Fous + +, 0.5 m @@ -339,7 +375,10 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) Two specimens ( -AM 199666 + +AM +199666 + ), Queensland , @@ -360,8 +399,11 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) Four specimens ( -NMV -F224150 +NMV + +F +224150 + ), Queensland , @@ -369,9 +411,15 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) , north of Proserpine ( -20°05´S + +20°05´ +S + , -148°30´E + +148°30´ +E + ), intertidal, in old shell attached to underside of rocks, 3 Aug. 2009 @@ -389,25 +437,43 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) -Federated States of Micronesia, Caroline Islands + +Federated States of Micronesia +, +Caroline Islands + . Two specimens ( -UF 204 + +UF +204 + ), Pohnpei -Island + +Island + , -Sokehs Island + +Sokehs +Island + , Dock at Pier ( -06°58’58.8” N + +06°58’58.8” +N + , -158°10’33.6” E + +158°10’33.6” +E + ), 1–5 m @@ -424,20 +490,34 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) One specimen ( -UF 205 + +UF +205 + ), Pohnpei -Island + +Island + , -Lenger Island + +Lenger +Island + , next to Japanese Dock at Clam Hatchery ( -06°59’24.0” N + +06°59’24.0” +N + , -158°13’48.0” E + +158°13’48.0” +E + ), 2–3 m @@ -464,7 +544,10 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) One specimen ( -AMNH 1615 + +AMNH +1615 + ), Suva , 1920, @@ -479,9 +562,16 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) One specimen ( -UF 73 + +UF +73 + ), -Viti Levu Island + +Viti +Levu +Island + , Man Friday Resort , @@ -508,12 +598,12 @@ long, wide, 29 chaetigers) . - + One specimen ( USNM 19192 ), -Suva +Suva , 1920, A.L. Treadwell , coll. (no further data; dried out, bent ventrally; some elytra examined, macrotubercles in three rows, microtubercles surpassing eroded elytral margin giving a denticulate outlook; dorsal cirrophore with basal tubercle not projected; not measured) @@ -686,7 +776,7 @@ species sp. nov. -, non-type specimen (USNM 19192). A. Anterior region, dorsal view, after Shirlastain- A. B. Close-up of prostomium. Scale bars: A, 0.8 mm; B, 0.2 mm. +, non-type specimen (USNM 19192). A. Anterior region, dorsal view, after Shirlastain-A. B. Close-up of prostomium. Scale bars: A, 0.8 mm; B, 0.2 mm. diff --git a/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FFB7BC2EADDBF976FABBFE21.xml b/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FFB7BC2EADDBF976FABBFE21.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..36b76206949 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FFB7BC2EADDBF976FABBFE21.xml @@ -0,0 +1,2094 @@ + + + +Revision of Iphione Kinberg, 1856 (Annelida, Aphroditiformia, Iphionidae) + + + +Author + +Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I. +0000-0002-6931-0694 +Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 +ssalazar@ecosur.mx + + + +Author + +Piotrowski, Christina N. +0000-0002-1655-4097 +Collections Manager of Invertebrate Zoology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, U. S. A. cpiotrowski @ calacademy. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1655 - 4097 +cpiotrowski@calacademy.org + + + +Author + +Paulay, Gustav +0000-0003-4118-9797 +Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, U. S. A. paulay @ flmnh. ufl. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4118 - 9797 +paulay@flmnh.ufl.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2024 + +2024-12-09 + + +5548 + + +1 + + +1 +84 + + + + +https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 + +journal article +306745 +10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 +051f5e39-8357-46f3-8d90-98e537e95148 +1175-5334 +14387631 +55BA0F95-ED6F-4B8C-9A7D-56506E935639 + + + + + + + +Iphione readi + +sp. nov. + + + + + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +6FAE0FC9-1546-4ED0-BBC7-A187582753FB + + + +Figs 1A–C +, +27–30 +, +36 + + + + + + +Polynoe muricata + +: + +Savigny 1822: 21–22 + +, Pl. 3, +Fig. 1 +(descr., +partim +). + + + + + +Eumolpe muricata + +: + +de Blainville 1828: 459 + +, Pl. Chétopodes, Homocriciens Aphrodités, +Fig. 1 +(same figure from Savigny). + + + + + +Iphione muricata + +: + +Kinberg 1856: 383 + +; + +Kinberg 1858: 8 + +; + +Baird 1865: 181 + +; + +de Quatrefages 1866: 266–268 + +; + +Gravier 1901: 226– + + +231, Textfigs 232–239, Pl. 9, Figs 129–135 (redescr.); +Potts 1910: 341 +; +Fauvel 1932: 12–13 +; +Fauvel 1933: 40–41 +; +Fauvel +1935: 285–286; +Day 1951: 14 +; +Fauvel 1957: 3 +; +Storch 1967: 148 +, pls. 1–4; +Gibbs 1971: 123 +( +partim +); +Amoureux 1974: 430 +; + +Amoureux +et al +. 1978: 68 + +; +Pettibone 1986: 9–16 +, +Figs 1–5 +(syn. +partim +, no figures made after +Red Sea +specimens); +Wehe 2006: 62–67 +, +Fig. 8 +( +partim +); + +Goren +et al +. 2017: 134–136 + +, +Fig. 2 +(non +Savigny in +Lamarck, 1818 +). + + + + +Type material +. + + +Red Sea +, + + +Saudi Arabia + +. +Holotype +( +UF 6343 +), +Farasan Islands +, +Shuma Island +( +16°39’24.48” N +, +41°33’16.92” E +), 025 m, + +25 Oct. 2014 + +, +R. Lasley +, +J. Moore +& +D. Uyeno +, coll. + + +One +paratype +( +UF 6340 +), +Farasan Islands +, +Sarad Sarso +( +16°50’06.00” N +,, +41°36’48.24” E +), + +0.25 m + +, + +25 Oct. 2014 + +, +D. Uyeno +, +R. Lasley +& +J. Moore +, coll. (bent ventrally, elytra yellowish, with darker posterior margins and macrotubercles, some with white epibionts; macrotubercles in two rows, first one with largest tubercles; not measured nor dissected to avoid further damage). COI barcode: +GenBank PQ423939 +. + + +One +paratype +( +UF 6360 +), +Farasan Islands +, +Dumsuq Island +( +16°33’50.76” N +, +42°03’30.6” E +), + +0–25 m + +, + +26 Oct. 2014 + +, +R. Lasley +, +J. Moore +& +D. Uyeno +, coll. (slightly bent ventrally, elytra with barely defined oblique dark bands, and darker areas along middorsal marginal portions, some with calcareous epibionts; elytra with two rows of macrotubercles, first row with largest tubercles; fimbriae often as long as macrotubercles along lateral margins; cirrigerous segments with basal tubercle of dorsal cirrophore projected; body +14 mm +long, +9.5 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers). COI barcode: +GenBank PQ423940 +. + + + + +FIGURE 27 +. + +Iphione readi + + +sp. nov. + +(incl. + +I. muricata sensu +Savigny (1822)) + +holotype (UF 6343). A. Dorsal view. B. Anterior end, dorsal view, after Shirlastain-A. C. Left elytron 6, insets indicated by number (1, macrotubercle; 2, smallest fimbria; 3, microtubercle). D. Chaetiger 12, left parapodium, posterior view after removal of notochaetae (inset: close up of upper neurochaetal tips). Scale bars: A, 2 mm; B, D, 0.5 mm; C, 1.2 mm. + + + +Additional material + + +Red Sea, Gulf of Suez +. + + +Four +specimens + +( +MNHN +A-274 18), +Mission Jousseaume +, 1894 (no further data) (one straight, +three specimens +bent ventrally; elytra brownish, oblique longitudinal band well-defined, some with calcareous epibionts; macrotubercles in two rows, first row with markedly larger ones; body +15–29 mm +long, +10–12 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( +MNHN +A274-16 +), +Mission Dolffus +Egypte +, +Gulf +of +Suez +, +Sta. +17bis ( +28°14’ N +, +33°22’ E +), muddy sand and corals, + +22 m + +, + +25 Dec. 1928 + +(field data after +Billard 1933 +), +R.P. Dolfuss +, coll. (slightly bent ventrally; elytra brownish without black spots; macrotubercles in two rows, first one with largest macrotubercles; body +19 mm +long, +12.5 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +Eleven specimens +( +MNHN + +A +274-28 + +), Mission Jousseaume, +Suez +, 1894 (no further data; +eight specimens +bent ventrally; elytra brownish, oblique longitudinal band well-defined in most specimens, some with calcareous epibionts; macrotubercles in two rows, first row with largest ones; body +13.5–23 mm +long, 8.0– +13.5 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( +MNHN + +A +894 + +), +Mission A. +Gruvel-P.G. Moazzo +, +Suez +Bay +, + +Jan.–Feb. 1934 + +, entrance of canal (no further data; bent ventrally, some elytra detached, right parapodia of chaetiger 16 previously removed; elytra brownish, longitudinal bands barely visible; macrotubercles in two rows, first one with largest ones; body +31.5 mm +long, +14 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( +ZMH + +PE +186 + +), +Gulf +of +Suez +, 1914, +F. Banarate +, coll. (elytra yellowish, with an oblique darker band barely visible, with abundant sediment and epibionts; elytra with two rows of macrotubercles, first row with largest ones; cirrigerous segments with basal tubercle of dorsal cirrophore projected; body +25 mm +long, +15 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( +ZMH + +V +8365 + +), +Gulf +of +Suez +, +Bawmwarth +, coll. (no further data; markedly bent ventrally; elytra yellowish without black bands, macrotubercles in two rows, first one with largest macrotubercles; not measured) + +. + + +Red Sea. + + +Egypt +. + +One specimen +( +ZMH + +V +6120 + +), Khalij al Jimshan, +Hartmeyer +, coll. (no further data; elytra brownish with abundant white epibionts; elytra with two rows of macrotubercles, first row with largest ones, sometimes duplicate; body +21 mm +long, +13 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + + +Red Sea. + + +Saudi Arabia + +. +One specimen +( + +CAS +192038 + +), +Red Sea Biodiversity Cruise +2013, +Makkah Province +, +Thuwal +, +Kaust Beach +, intertidal, + +15 Mar. 2013 + +, +T.M. Gosliner +, coll. (complete; two right parapodia dissected for observation, one midbody elytron removed for observing details; body +12.5 mm +long, +8 mm +wide, 28 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( + +UF +2847 + +), +Thuwal +( + +22°16’26.4” +N + +, + +39°03’03.6” +E + +), + +2–20 m + +, seaward reef slope and front of shelf reef, + +10 Oct. 2012 + +, +M. Berumen +& +G. Paulay +, coll. (bent ventrally; right parapodial and elytral fragments removed for molecular studies; 1 row of macrotubercles; basal tubercle of dorsal cirrophore projected; body +11 mm +long, +6.5 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( + +UF +3498 + +), +Farasan Islands +, +Naf Shuma +( + +16°45’10.8” +N + +, + +41°36’18.0” +E + +), + +1–5 m + +, silty reef flat to slope, + +9 Mar. 2013 + +, +A. Anker +, +P. Norby +& +G. Paulay +, coll. (slightly bent ventrally; oblique brownish longitudinal bands, and posterior elytral margins barely pigmented; left parapodia of chaetigers 13 and 14 removed for observation; body +23 mm +long, +12 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( + +UF +3500 + +), +Farasan Islands +, + +Mahama +Island + +( + +16°29’20.4” +N + +, + +41°56’38.4” +E + +), + +4–17 m + +, reef rubble, fringing slope, + +9 Mar. 2013 + +, +A. Anker +, +P. Norby +& +G. Paulay +, coll. (elytra brownish with wide oblique blackish bands, and darker posterior elytral margins in posterior segments, many elytra with white epibionts; two rows of macrotubercles; basal tubercle of dorsal cirri clearly projected; body +15 mm +long, +8.5 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( + +UF +3505 + +), +Farasan Islands +, +Naf Shuma +( + +16°45’10.8” +N + +, + +41°36’18.0” +E + +), + +1–5 m + +, silty reef flat to slope, + +9 Mar. 2013 + +, +A. Anker +, +P. Norby +& +G. Paulay +, coll. (slightly bent ventrally; elytra brownish with wide oblique blackish band and darker posterior elytral margins in median and posterior elytra; basal tubercle of dorsal cirrophore barely projected; body +18 mm +long, +9 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( + +UF +3514 + +), +Farasan Islands +, +Zahrat Durakah +( + +16°50’09.6” +N + +, + +42°18’21.6” +E + +), + +4 m + +, fringing reef slope around sand canal, in rubble, + +11 Mar. 2013 + +, +A. Anker +, +P. Norby +& +G. Paulay +, coll. (bent ventrally; elytra brownish with wide oblique longitudinal band; body +17 mm +long, +9 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( + +UF +3583 + +), off +Thuwal +, +Abu Shosha Reef +( + +22°12’10.8” +N + +, + +39°02’52.8” +E + +), + +5 m + +, sheltered side, + +24 Mar. 2013 + +, +J. Moore +& +J. Bouwmeester +, coll. (slightly bent ventrally; elytra yellowish with a barely continuous, longitudinal black band; two rows of macrotubercles; basal tubercle of dorsal cirri barely projected; body +11.5 mm +long, +7.5 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( + +UF +4488 + +), +Amr’s Dropoff +( + +25°39’24.5916” +N + +, + +36°42’43.4592” +E + +), + +3–12 m + +, silty fringing reef, + +1 Feb. 2016 + +, +J. Moore +, coll. (juvenile; brownish longitudinal bands discontinuous in same elytron, made by darker areas; middorsal elytral margins darker than other areas; some elytra removed for observation; macrotubercles in two rows, first one with largest tubercles; body +17 mm +long, +8.5 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( + +UF +4489 + +), +Amr’s Dropoff +( + +25°39’24.5916” +N + +, + +36°42’43.4592” +E + +), + +3–12 m + +, silty fringing reef, + +1 Feb. 2016 + +, +J Moore +, coll. (juvenile; right elytron 4 and parapodium previously removed, left parapodium of chaetiger 10 removed for observation (kept in container); macrotubercles in two rows, each with a few tubercles, first row with largest tubercles; body +5.5 mm +long, +2.5 mm +wide, 23 chaetigers; 11 elytral pairs) + +. + +One specimen +( + +UF +6287 + +), + +Wasaliyat +Island + +( + +17°46’58.08” +N + +, + +41°26’08.88” +E + +), + +0–25 m + +, patch reef, + +17 Oct. 2014 + +, +D. Uyeno +, +R. Lasley +& +J. Moore +, coll. (markedly bent ventrally, not measured to avoid any damage; elytra with discontinuous oblique dark bands, posterior elytral margins darker in posterior elytra; macrotubercles in two rows, first row with tubercles markedly larger than the others) + +. + +One specimen +( + +UF +6320 + +), +Farasan Islands +, + +North Ghorab +Island + +( + +17°06’30.96” +N + +, + +42°04’07.68” +E + +), + +5–7 m + +, fringing reef, silty bottom, + +22 Oct. 2014 + +, +D. Uyeno +, +R. Lasley +& +J. Moore +, coll. (elytra yellowish with brown spots forming irregular longitudinal band, some with white epibionts; macrotubercles darker, in two rows, size markedly different; median cirrigerous segments with dorsal cirrophore with basal tubercle barely bilobate; body +10.5 mm +long, +6 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( + +UF +6338 + +), +Farasan Islands +, +Dhi Dahaya +( + +16°52’22.44” +N + +, + +41°26’27.6” +E + +), + +0.25 m + +, + +24 Oct. 2014 + +, +D. Uyeno +, +R. Lasley +, & +J. Moore +, coll. (juvenile; left parapodium of chaetiger 14 removed for observation; elytra maculate, dark areas small, spread apart, not forming distinct longitudinal bands; macrotubercles in two rows; basal tubercle indistinct; body +13 mm +long, +7.5 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + + + + +Sudan + +. +Six specimens +( +NHM +1941.4.4.168-172), +Sudan +Pearl Fisheries Investigations, Dongonab, 1905, +C. Crossland +, coll. (variably bent; most elytra on site, smaller ones yellowish, larger ones with brownish elytra, oblique longitudinal black band indistinct; left elytra 7 removed from +3 specimens +for observation (kept in container), macrotubercles of first row very large; body +9–23 mm +long, +6.5–14 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + + + + + +Djibouti + + +. +Two specimens +( +MNHN + +A +274-8 + +), + +Djibouti + +, 1897, +No. +29, +M. Coutière +, coll. (bent ventrally; elytra brownish, smallest one with a black spot, largest one with an oblique, longitudinal black band; macrotubercles in two rows, first row with largest macrotubercles; body +15–24 mm +long, +8–11 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +Four specimens +( +MNHN + +A +274-11 + +), +Mission Gravier +, +Pingodiu +& +Météor +reefs, + +18–20 m + +, + +17 Jan. 1906 + +, +C. Gravier +, coll. (dehydrated, one bent ventrally; elytra brownish with a black spot to an oblique longitudinal black band; macrotubercles in two rows, first one with markedly larger macrotubercles; no further dissected; body +10–16 mm +long, 4.5–9.0 mm wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( +MNHN + +A +274-12 + +), +Mission Gravier +, + +Île +Moucha + +, +Gulf +of +Tadjourah +, coral, + +23 Jan. 1904 + +, +C. Gravier +, coll. (slightly bent ventrally; elytra brownish without black spot; macrotubercles in two rows, first row with markedly larger ones; body +10.5 mm +long, +7.5 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( +MNHN + +A +274-24 + +), +Obock +, +Obock +, +Mission Jousseume +, 1895, +M. Jousseume +, coll. (body damaged; most elytra detached, some in container; elytra brownish with a darker area over outer elytral half; macrotubercles in two rows, first row with largest macrotubercles; body +19 mm +long, +11.5 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( +MNHN + +A +274-30 + +), +Mission Gravier + +Djibouti + +, + +Djibouti + +Bay +, in base of coral, + +13 Jan. 1904 + +, +C. Gravier +, coll. (elytra brownish, outer elytral area darker; macrotubercles in two rows, first row with largest ones; body +17 mm +long, +9.5 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( +MNHN + +A +274-31 + +), +Mission Gravier + +Djibouti + +, + +Île +Moucha + +, +Gulf +of +Tadjourah +, in rocky shore, + +23 Jan. 1904 + +, +C. Gravier +, coll. (juvenile, markedly bent ventrally; elytra brownish with dispersed black spots; macrotubercles in 1 row, very large and bent dorsally, at least the largest ones; not measured) + +. + + + + +Kenya + +. +One specimen +( +NHM +unnumb.), +Nyal +, + +Mombasa + +, under coral boulders, +D. McGregor +, coll. (no further data; bent ventrally, some elytra detached; elytra yellowish, with two rows of macrotubercles, first row with largest ones; body +16 mm +long, +8 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +Two specimens +( + +USNM +97380 + +) + +Mombasa + +, off +South +coast, removed from +NHM +1924.6.18.187–191 (Elytra without blackish bands, with two rows of macrotubercles; body +16–33 mm +long, +9–14 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers; smallest specimen with longer macrotubercles; neurochaetae unidentate) + +. + + + + +Tanzania + +. +One specimen +( +NHM +1937.9.2.44–45), +John Murray Expedition +, Sta. 111 ( +05°04’18” S +, +39°14’12” E +), Agassiz trawl, + +73–165 m + +, + +14 Jan. 1934 + +(juvenile; partially dissected, 9 pairs of elytra, some elytra previously removed; elytra yellowish, with 1–2 fimbriae, and two large macrotubercles, each representing one row, largest macrotubercle towards external margin, additional one close to posterior margin; no further dissections to avoid further damage; body +4 mm +long, +2.5 mm +wide, 23 chaetigers) + +. + + + + +South Africa + +. +One specimen +( + +USNM +81940 + +), +Delagoa Bay +, near + +Johaca +Island + +, + +Jul. 1935 + +, +C.J. van der Horst +, coll. (all elytra previously removed, and two right parapodia dissected from chaetigers 14 and 15, all kept in container; body +25 mm +long, +15 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + + + + +Sri Lanka + +. +Two specimens +( +NHM +1928.4.26.889/890), +Gulf of Manaar +(no further data; one markedly bent ventrally; elytra brownish, with 2–3 rows of macrotubercles, first row with the largest ones; less bent specimen +19.5 mm +long, +11.5 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + + + +Andaman Islands. +Four specimens +( +MNHN + +A +399 + +), +RV Investigator +, +Sta. +665, + +5 Feb. 1924 + +(no further data; slightly bent ventrally; elytra golden to brownish, with a wide longitudinal blackish band, most with 2–3 rows of macrotubercles, largest ones lateral in first row; cirrigerous parapodia with large basal tubercle to dorsal cirrophore; body +14.5–34 mm +long, 8.5–14.0 mm wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( +NHM +1938.5.7.3), Sta. 665, +South Point +, + +Outram +Island + +, no further data (slightly bent ventrally; some elytra previously removed (kept in container), each with two rows of macrotubercles, the first row with largest ones; body +27.5 mm +long, +17 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + + + + +Indonesia + +. +One specimen +( +ZMA + +V +475 + +) +Yakarta +Bay +, +Java +, +C.P.H. Sluiter +, coll. (no further data; markedly bent ventrally; elytra brownish, darker along external elytral half; macrotubercles in two rows, first row with macrotubercles markedly larger than those present in second row; cirrigerous segments with basal tubercle of dorsal cirrophore projected; not measured) + +. + +One specimen +( +ZMH + +PE +187 + +), +Java +(no further data; markedly bent ventrally; brownish, elytra without dark bands, and with abundant sediment and epibionts; elytra with two rows of macrotubercles, first row with largest ones, some broken; not measured to avoid further damage) + +. + + + + +Hong Kong + +. +One specimen +( + +AM +19943 + +), Breaker Reef, + +6 Apr. 1986 + +, +P. Hutchings +, coll. (juvenile, markedly bent ventrally; elytra yellowish with an oblique longitudinal black band; macrotubercles in two rows, first one with largest ones; not measured) + +. + +One specimen +( + +AM +20044 + +), +Chek Chau, W +side of +Hong Kong +, + +5 m + +, + +14 Apr. 1986 + +, +P.A. Hutchings +, coll. (bent ventrally; elytra with an oblique longitudinal, ill-defined black band; macrotubercles in two rows, first row with largest ones; cirrigerous segments with basal tubercle of dorsal cirrophore projected; body +12 mm +long, +8 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + + + + +Vietnam + +. +Four specimens +( +MNHN + +A +398 + +), +Bay of Nhatrang. +1931, +C. Dawydoff +, coll. (no further data; three markedly bent specimens, elytra yellowish to brownish, with a wide, longitudinal black band, and darker posterior margins; each elytron with 1–3 rows of macrotubercles, smallest specimen with a single row; body +9–29 mm +long, +4–15 mm +wide, 28–29 chaetigers) + +. + + + + +Australia + +. +One specimen +( + +AM +17861 + +), + +Christmas Island + +, 1980, +R. Hicks +, coll. (no further data; juvenile, markedly bent ventrally; elytra yellowish, without black spots; macrotubercles in two rows, first one with largest macrotubercles; not measured) + +. + +One specimen +( +MAGNT + +W +17 + +), + +Burford +Island + +, NT, +Sta. CP +14, reef flat, under rocks, low subtidal, + +13 Oct. 1981 + +, +J.R. Hanley +, coll. (markedly bent ventrally; all elytra previously detached; elytra brownish with an oblique longitudinal black band; macrotubercles in two rows, some broken, first row with macrotubercles markedly larger than those present in second row; not measured) + +. + +One specimen +( +MAGNT + +W +18 + +), + +Burford +Island + +, NT, +Sta. CP +14, reef flat, under rocks, low subtidal, + +13 Oct. 1981 + +, +J.R. Hanley +, coll. (markedly bent ventrally; many elytra previously detached; elytra brownish with an oblique longitudinal black band, and two rows of macrotubercles, many broken, first row with macrotubercles markedly larger than those present in second row; not measured) + +. + +One specimen +( +MAGNT + +W +2816 + +), +East Point +, NT, +Sta. EP +11, rock embedded in mud, subtidal, + +18 May 1985 + +, +J.R. Hanley +, coll. (juvenile; elytra brownish, with two rows of macrotubercles, first row with largest ones; body +10 mm +long, +7 mm +wide, 28 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( +MAGNT + +W +2817 + +), +East Point +, NT, +Sta. EP +11, rock embedded in mud, subtidal, + +18 May 1985 + +, +J.R. Hanley +, coll. (juvenile; elytra brownish, with two rows of macrotubercles, first row with largest ones; body +11.5 mm +long, +7 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +One specimen +( +MAGNT + +W +6883 + +), + +Scorpion +Island + +, WA, +Sta. RH +91-55, fringing shore reef, low subtidal, + +15 Aug 1991 + +, +J.R. Hanley +, coll. (bent ventrally; first right elytron detached; elytra with a oblique longitudinal black band, macrotubercles in two rows, many broken, first row with largest macrotubercles; body +12 mm +long, +8 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + +Five specimens +( +NHM +1925.1.28.36–40), + +Christmas Island + +, no date or depth data, +C.W. Andrews +, coll. (elytra yellowish to brownish, at least external elytral half, with abundant sediment particles and some epibionts; some elytra previously removed, each with two rows of macrotubercles, first one with macrotubercles markedly larger than those in second row; body +10–23 mm +long, 6.5–11.0 mm wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + + + + +Papua New Guinea + +. +One specimen +( +MNHN +IA 2021-686 +), +Papua Niugini Expedition +, +Sta. PS +31 ( +5°08.2’ S +, +145°49.4’ E +), + +10–37 m + +, + +27 Nov. 2012 + +, +S. Hourdez +et al +., coll. (markedly bent ventrally; elytra dirty yellowish, oblique longitudinal black band present; macrotubercles in two rows, first row with tubercles markedly larger than those present in following row; cirrigerous segments with basal tubercle of dorsal cirrophore projected; not measured) + +. + + + + +Vanuatu + +. +Two specimens +( +MNHN + +A +274-6 + +), +Malekula +(Mallicolo), +Malampa +, + +Nov. 1894 + +, +M. Francois +, coll. (tied up, poorly preserved; elytra brownish with a median oval black spot (smaller specimen), or an oblique longitudinal black band; not further dissected; body +17–19 mm +long, +9–11 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + + + + +American Samoa + +. +Two specimens +( + +USNM +81937 + +), + +Tutuila +Island + +, Pago Pago, without further data (body +28–30 mm +long, +13–14 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers) + +. + + + + +Diagnosis +. + +Iphione + +with median antenna reduced to nuchal papilla; elytra fimbriate; macrotubercles spine-like to digitate with distal spines, in 2–3 rows, first row with macrotubercles markedly larger than those in other rows; cirrigerous segments with dorsal cirrophores with basal tubercle projected; neurochaetae unidentate. + + + + +Description +. +Holotype +(UF 6343) complete, slightly bent ventrally, a few elytra previously detached (in container); body +19.5 mm +long, +11 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers. Elytra brownish, with oblique longitudinal black bands, darker areas along inner posterior margins, fimbriae with abundant fine calcareous particles, and calcareous epibionts ( +Fig. 27A +); notochaetae whitish, neurochaetae golden. Body wall pale, venter pale. + + +Elytra with fimbriae ( +Fig. 27C +, inset 2), better developed along lateral margins throughout body, peduncle thin, fimbriae incorporate abundant sediment particles, fimbriae about 5 times longer than wide; macrotubercles digitate, about 3 times longer than wide, arranged in two rows, first one with largest macrotubercles, the largest one usually in the borderline between hyaline and opaque elytral surfaces, bent middorsally ( +Fig. 27C +, inset 1), macrotubercles in irregular second row markedly smaller, digitate; microtubercles along posterior margin, some with long filaments ( +Fig. 27C +, +3 +). + + +Prostomium roughly hexagonal ( +Fig. 27B +), wider than long, with anterior incision running along anterior prostomial third. Anterior lobes projected into ceratophores, slightly darker, longer than prostomium, as long as ceratostyles, subdistally swollen, tips tapered. Eyes black, positioned in posterior prostomial half, anterior eyes slightly larger than posterior ones, placed in lateral protuberances, posterior eyes dorsal, in prostomial posterior margins. Palps thick, bent ventrally, twice longer than antennae, with longitudinal rows of papillae, tips tapered, elongate. Nuchal papillae distinct, pear-shaped, under nuchal flap. + +Tentacular segment dorsally reduced, without chaetae, tentacular cirri about as long as palps. Facial tubercle visible dorsally, pale. +Segments 2–4 directed anteriorly. Second segment visible dorsally, with a semicircular nuchal lappet, expanded laterally, slightly wider than long, covering nuchal papilla. Ventral buccal segment inserted ventrally, almost three times longer than following cirri, directed ventrally, projected beyond chaetal tips. Dorsal nodules well-developed in segment 3, markedly smaller in segments 4–5. + +Median cirrigerous segments with dorsal cirri projected beyond chaetal tips; basal tubercle of dorsal cirrophore projected as a single lobe ( +Fig. 27D +). Notochaetae very abundant, dirty white, with series of transverse funnel-shaped spinose rows, tips bare. Neuropodia with neuracicular lobe truncate, with small globular papillae. Neurochaetal lobe with marginal papillae, neurochaetae abundant, basally smooth, subdistally swollen, with many rows of fine denticulations along swollen region, tips barely falcate, unidentate, sharp ( +Fig. 4D +, inset). + +Anus dorsal, visible between elytral pairs 12 and 13. + + + +Etymology +. The specific epithet is after Dr. Geoffrey Read, editor of Annelida in the World Register of Marine Species (WoRMS), in recognition for his long-term editorial efforts for updating the website. The specific epithet is a noun in the genitive case ( +ICZN 1999 +, +Art +. 31.1.2). + + + + +Variation +. Examined specimens were +4–34 mm +long, 2.5–15.0 mm wide. The first row of macrotubercles includes the largest ones, however, their size depends on the number of macrotubercles such that when there are only 3–4, they can be markedly larger than when there are 6–7 ( +Fig. 1A–C +), but even then, they are markedly larger than those present in the following row. + + +Some specimens (MNHN A 274 18) are bent ventrally, and elytral features were observed in their right elytron 6. The elytra have an oblique longitudinal black band, macrotubercles in two rows but first one had the largest macrotubercles, and the largest macrotubercle is the outermost, usually rising from the borderline between the hyaline and opaque elytral surfaces; the second row is more irregular and its macrotubercles are markedly smaller than those present in first row, although the outermost can be slightly smaller than the largest one, the others are markedly smaller. The filaments of the marginal microtubercles are delicate and are not as long as those present in the +neotype +. + + +One +Red Sea +specimen (CAS 192038) has a longitudinal wide rust-red band along the elytra ( +Fig. 28A +); elytra with fimbriae and a row of very large conical macrotubercles ( +Fig. 28B +), and 1–2 additional ones, size decrement exponential, not gradual, with smaller tubercles along margin ( +Fig. 28B +, insets); cirrigerous segments with dorsal cirri markedly surpassing chaetae ( +Fig. 28C +), cirrophore with basal tubercle conical; neurochaetae unidentate, tips falcate. + + +A juvenile ( +5.5 mm +long) (UF 4489) has cephalic appendages and dorsal cirri tapered, not subdistally swollen, as is the case in larger specimens; elytra transparent with irregular brownish spots ( +Fig. 29A, B +). The elytra have a single row with 2–3 large conical macrotubercles, and fimbriae are very short, 8-shaped structures bordering elytra along their posterior margin ( +Fig. 29C +). The cirrigerous segments have dorsal tubercles without basal tubercle ( +Fig. 29D +); neurochaetae falcate, sharp. + + + + +Remarks +. + +Iphione readi + + +sp. nov. + +corresponds to + +I. muricata sensu +Savigny (1822) + +. + +Iphione readi + +resembles + +I. muricata + +(Savigny +in +Lamarck, 1818 +) (see above) by having elytra with fimbriae well-developed, and neurochaetae unidentate. These two species differ in the relative size of macrotubercles and in the presence of fimbriae along posterior elytral margins. In + +I. readi + +, the macrotubercles of the first row are markedly larger than those present in the following row, and the posterior margin has microtubercles with distal spines, whereas + +I. muricata + +has macrotubercles progressively smaller posteriorly, and the microtubercles along the posterior margin have very few or no spines. + + + +FIGURE 28 +. + +Iphione readi + + +sp. nov. + +(incl. + +I. muricata sensu +Savigny (1822)) + +, non-type specimen (CAS 192038). A. Dorsal view. B. Left elytron 6, seen from above (insets, from left to right: fimbriae, large macrotubercle, marginal tubercles). C. Chaetiger 12, left parapodium, posterior view, after Methyl green staining (inset: median neurochaetae). Scale bars: A, 1 mm; b, 0.7 mm; C, 0.3 mm. + + + +Savigny (1822: 21) +indicated that the plate for his + +I. muricata + +was made after a specimen from the +Gulf +of +Suez +. The original figure by Savigny has been simplified ( +Fig. 30 +) to illustrate the main diagnostic features. The body is oval, almost completely covered by elytra ( +Fig. 30A +), and cephalic appendages and dorsal cirri are exposed beyond the elytral margins, they are all subdistally swollen. The anterior end was observed from an oblique frontal perspective; palps have distinct rows of papillae, there is no median antenna and only one pair of eyes is visible after the first elytra were removed, leaving the basal elytral plate fixed on elytrophores ( +Fig. 30B +). Elytra are areolate and have a thin longitudinal dark band along body, and each elytron has two rows of macrotubercles, those present along the first row are markedly larger than the others, but their arrangement was unclear because it looks like a row with alternating long and short, instead of being shown as arranged in two rows, and lateral margins are fimbriate ( +Fig. 30C +). The pharynx was dissected, as indicated by the collapsed marginal papillae ( +Fig. 30D +), and the jaws have two accessory denticles ( +Fig. 30E +). The cirrigerous segments show a dorsal cirrophore with a round, projected basal tubercle ( +Fig. 30F +). + + +The dissection damaged the specimen that Savigny illustrated, and it appears to have been lost soon after his publication. However, +de Quatrefages (1866: 266–268) +provided additional information of the specimen, but it was based upon the illustrations, not on the specimen that Savigny had studied and illustrated, though de Quatrefages did not include any illustration. An earlier repetition of the original Savigny’s illustration was made by +de Blainville (1828: 459) +, who made slight modifications to the original illustration, because he indicated a wider longitudinal black band. +Grube (1870: 281) +noted that Savigny’s collection was not transferred to the Paris Museum. The specimen that Savigny had illustrated was not found in the Paris collections. + + + +FIGURE 29. + +Iphione readi + + +sp. nov. + +(Incl. + +I. muricata sensu +Savigny (1822)) + +, non-type juvenile specimen (UF 4489). A. Dorsal view. B. Same, after Methyl green staining. C. Right elytron 4, inner margin slightly bent. D. Chaetiger 10, left parapodium, posterior view. Scale bars: A, B, 0.6 mm; C, 0.4 mm; D, 0.1 mm. + + + +Gravier (1901: 226) +studied and illustrated several +Red Sea +specimens of + +I. muricata sensu +Savigny (1822) + +. His close-up of the marginal portion of the elytra (his Pl. 9, Fig. 133) shows the large, finger-shaped, slightly bent macrotubercles and fimbriae. The macrotubercles in the first row are 3–5 times larger than those present in the second row. + + +Pettibone (1986) +did not illustrate specimens from the +Red Sea +, but used specimens from other localities including +type +specimens of other species she regarded as junior synonyms. None of her figures show the striking size difference in macrotubercles characterizing + +I. readi + + +sp. nov. + +and none may represent this species. Wehe (2008) redescribed the species with +Red Sea +specimens; he illustrated the larger macrotubercles in the first row. + + +Although many records for + +I. muricata + +followed Savigny illustrations, once the presence of fimbriae or the size of macrotubercles were disregarded as diagnostic features, several records of + +I. muricata + +do not match + +I. muricata + +(Savigny +in +Lamarck, 1818 +), or + +I. readi + +. For example, +Gibson (1886: 150) +recorded it from Liverpool, but he noted all scales were lost, which is rarely the case in + +Iphione +; + +it was later shown by +Hornell (1891: 224) +that this record belonged to + +Gattyana cirrhosa +( +Pallas, 1766 +) + +. +Potts (1910: 341) +noted one of his many specimens was found on a white-brown holothurian in the Addu Atoll, +Maldives +. +Horst (1917b: 65) +reported +50 specimens +from +Indonesia +. Pruvot (1930: 3) recorded + +I. muricata + +from +New Caledonia +and described and illustrated the elytra as marginally smooth, which is not the case for true + +I. muricata + +. +Monro (1931: 7) +recorded the same species from several Southeastern Australian reefs. +Fauvel (1932: 12) +recorded it from several localities in the Indian Ocean. +Day (1934: 25 +; +1962: 628 +) recorded + +I. muricata + +for +South Africa +and +Madagascar +, but no diagnosis or illustration were given. Fauvel (1937: 51) recorded + +I. muricata + +as a senior synonym of + +I. hirotai +Izuka, 1912 + +from +Japan +, even though the latter has smooth elytral margins. +Okuda (1937: 267) +reached the same conclusion and recorded it from +Koror +(or Kororu), +Palau +Islands. +Monro (1939: 168) +also disregarded the difference in elytral margins and recorded smooth and papillose specimens under the same name. For his paper on New Caledonian polychaetes, +Fauvel (1947: 13) +used +Schmarda (1861) +illustration for his + +I. peronea + +. +Fauvel (1953a: 173) +recorded this species for Tahiti without diagnosis or description. +Hartman (1966: 175) +recorded it from subtidal substrates in Hawaii. The record by +Amoureux (1974: 430) +from +15 m +off Tanikely, +Madagascar +is challenging to interpret because it was based upon a +4 mm +long specimen with 20 pairs of elytra. He indicated he was following +Rullier (1972: 34) +, but the latter indicated there were only 13 pairs of elytra, although the latter recorded +one specimen +with marginal papillae and five others without them, just as recorded by Pruvot (1930: 4) for +New Caledonia +. +Bailey-Brock & Hartman (1987: 235 +, Fig. 3.2.4) used +Gravier (1901) +illustrations, made after Red Sea specimens, for their report on Hawaiian polychaetes. The record by +Hanley (1992: 364) +for +Hong Kong +did not include diagnosis or illustrations. This series of records emphasizes the historical confusion regarding the delineation of + +I. muricata + +(Savigny +in +Lamarck, 1818 +). + + + + +Distribution +. Red Sea, +South Africa +and east to +Samoa +, on reefs and rocky or mixed bottoms ( +0–165 m +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FFB8BC5FADDBF9E6FAEDFE79.xml b/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FFB8BC5FADDBF9E6FAEDFE79.xml index ffd276744fd..eb9f4948e86 100644 --- a/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FFB8BC5FADDBF9E6FAEDFE79.xml +++ b/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FFB8BC5FADDBF9E6FAEDFE79.xml @@ -1,68 +1,70 @@ - - - -Revision of Iphione Kinberg, 1856 (Annelida, Aphroditiformia, Iphionidae) + + + +Revision of Iphione Kinberg, 1856 (Annelida, Aphroditiformia, Iphionidae) - - -Author + + +Author -Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I. -0000-0002-6931-0694 -Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 -ssalazar@ecosur.mx +Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I. +0000-0002-6931-0694 +Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 +ssalazar@ecosur.mx - - -Author + + +Author -Piotrowski, Christina N. -0000-0002-1655-4097 -Collections Manager of Invertebrate Zoology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, U. S. A. cpiotrowski @ calacademy. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1655 - 4097 -cpiotrowski@calacademy.org +Piotrowski, Christina N. +0000-0002-1655-4097 +Collections Manager of Invertebrate Zoology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, U. S. A. cpiotrowski @ calacademy. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1655 - 4097 +cpiotrowski@calacademy.org - - -Author + + +Author -Paulay, Gustav -0000-0002-6931-0694 -Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 & Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, U. S. A. paulay @ flmnh. ufl. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4118 - 9797 & Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 -ssalazar@ecosur.mx +Paulay, Gustav +0000-0003-4118-9797 +Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, U. S. A. paulay @ flmnh. ufl. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4118 - 9797 +paulay@flmnh.ufl.edu -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2024 - -2024-12-09 + +2024 + +2024-12-09 - -5548 + +5548 - -1 + +1 - -1 -84 + +1 +84 - -https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 + +https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 -1175-5334 -14387631 -55BA0F95-ED6F-4B8C-9A7D-56506E935639 +journal article +306745 +10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 +051f5e39-8357-46f3-8d90-98e537e95148 +1175-5334 +14387631 +55BA0F95-ED6F-4B8C-9A7D-56506E935639 - - + + @@ -73,6 +75,8 @@ + + urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: @@ -87,8 +91,13 @@ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: -Type material. Saya de Malha Bank (Indian Ocean, N off - + +Type material. + +Saya de Malha Bank +( +Indian Ocean +, N off Mauritius ) @@ -98,13 +107,7 @@ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: ( MNHN IA 2021-682 -), -Mission -SAYA, -RV Agulhas II -, -Sta. DW -5424 ( +), Mission SAYA, RV Agulhas II, Sta. DW 5424 ( 11°28’ S , 62°01’ E @@ -121,6 +124,7 @@ SAYA, et al ., coll. + diff --git a/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FFBBBC58ADDBFA9DFB7FF851.xml b/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FFBBBC58ADDBFA9DFB7FF851.xml index 100da057e74..89be7d9264b 100644 --- a/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FFBBBC58ADDBFA9DFB7FF851.xml +++ b/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FFBBBC58ADDBFA9DFB7FF851.xml @@ -1,68 +1,70 @@ - - - -Revision of Iphione Kinberg, 1856 (Annelida, Aphroditiformia, Iphionidae) + + + +Revision of Iphione Kinberg, 1856 (Annelida, Aphroditiformia, Iphionidae) - - -Author + + +Author -Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I. -0000-0002-6931-0694 -Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 -ssalazar@ecosur.mx +Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I. +0000-0002-6931-0694 +Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 +ssalazar@ecosur.mx - - -Author + + +Author -Piotrowski, Christina N. -0000-0002-1655-4097 -Collections Manager of Invertebrate Zoology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, U. S. A. cpiotrowski @ calacademy. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1655 - 4097 -cpiotrowski@calacademy.org +Piotrowski, Christina N. +0000-0002-1655-4097 +Collections Manager of Invertebrate Zoology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, U. S. A. cpiotrowski @ calacademy. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1655 - 4097 +cpiotrowski@calacademy.org - - -Author + + +Author -Paulay, Gustav -0000-0002-6931-0694 -Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 & Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, U. S. A. paulay @ flmnh. ufl. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4118 - 9797 & Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 -ssalazar@ecosur.mx +Paulay, Gustav +0000-0003-4118-9797 +Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, U. S. A. paulay @ flmnh. ufl. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4118 - 9797 +paulay@flmnh.ufl.edu -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2024 - -2024-12-09 + +2024 + +2024-12-09 - -5548 + +5548 - -1 + +1 - -1 -84 + +1 +84 - -https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 + +https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 -1175-5334 -14387631 -55BA0F95-ED6F-4B8C-9A7D-56506E935639 +journal article +306745 +10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 +051f5e39-8357-46f3-8d90-98e537e95148 +1175-5334 +14387631 +55BA0F95-ED6F-4B8C-9A7D-56506E935639 - - + + @@ -73,14 +75,14 @@ + + urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 2845CE38-EE26-4B9F-9FB0-9BEF5BA35E2B - - Figs 19 , @@ -92,7 +94,7 @@ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: Type material. - + Mariana Islands , @@ -105,9 +107,7 @@ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: ), Apra Harbor , -East -side of -Middle Shoals +East side of Middle Shoals ( 13°26’42.0” N , @@ -125,14 +125,17 @@ side of & F. Michonneau , coll. COI barcode: -GenBank PQ -423922 +GenBank PQ423922 - + Paratype ( UF 1704 -), Apra Harbor, near Machinist dry dock ( +), +Apra Harbor +, +near Machinist dry dock +( 13°26’37.1688” N , 144°39’34.0416” E @@ -195,15 +198,24 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) Two specimens ( -UF 131 + +UF +131 + ), Apra Harbor , across Sumay Cove ( -13°30’00.0” N + +13°30’00.0” +N + , -144°48’00.0” E + +144°48’00.0” +E + ), 5 m @@ -224,15 +236,24 @@ wide, 29 chaetigers) One specimen ( -UF 134 + +UF +134 + ) Apra Harbor , Western Shoals ( -13°30’00.0” N + +13°30’00.0” +N + , -144°48’00.0” E + +144°48’00.0” +E + ), 16 m @@ -255,7 +276,10 @@ wide, 28 chaetigers) One specimen ( -UF 217 + +UF +217 + ), Apra Harbor , @@ -263,9 +287,15 @@ wide, 28 chaetigers) , Southern Face ( -13°30’00.0” N + +13°30’00.0” +N + , -144°48’00.0” E + +144°48’00.0” +E + ), 9 m diff --git a/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FFBDBC52ADDBFA28FB7DFEEE.xml b/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FFBDBC52ADDBFA28FB7DFEEE.xml index 0d9e2030c03..6fe7a66604d 100644 --- a/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FFBDBC52ADDBFA28FB7DFEEE.xml +++ b/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FFBDBC52ADDBFA28FB7DFEEE.xml @@ -1,68 +1,70 @@ - - - -Revision of Iphione Kinberg, 1856 (Annelida, Aphroditiformia, Iphionidae) + + + +Revision of Iphione Kinberg, 1856 (Annelida, Aphroditiformia, Iphionidae) - - -Author + + +Author -Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I. -0000-0002-6931-0694 -Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 -ssalazar@ecosur.mx +Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I. +0000-0002-6931-0694 +Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 +ssalazar@ecosur.mx - - -Author + + +Author -Piotrowski, Christina N. -0000-0002-1655-4097 -Collections Manager of Invertebrate Zoology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, U. S. A. cpiotrowski @ calacademy. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1655 - 4097 -cpiotrowski@calacademy.org +Piotrowski, Christina N. +0000-0002-1655-4097 +Collections Manager of Invertebrate Zoology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, U. S. A. cpiotrowski @ calacademy. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1655 - 4097 +cpiotrowski@calacademy.org - - -Author + + +Author -Paulay, Gustav -0000-0002-6931-0694 -Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 & Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, U. S. A. paulay @ flmnh. ufl. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4118 - 9797 & Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 -ssalazar@ecosur.mx +Paulay, Gustav +0000-0003-4118-9797 +Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, U. S. A. paulay @ flmnh. ufl. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4118 - 9797 +paulay@flmnh.ufl.edu -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2024 - -2024-12-09 + +2024 + +2024-12-09 - -5548 + +5548 - -1 + +1 - -1 -84 + +1 +84 - -https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 + +https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 -1175-5334 -14387631 -55BA0F95-ED6F-4B8C-9A7D-56506E935639 +journal article +306745 +10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 +051f5e39-8357-46f3-8d90-98e537e95148 +1175-5334 +14387631 +55BA0F95-ED6F-4B8C-9A7D-56506E935639 - - + + @@ -73,14 +75,14 @@ + + urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 16D3729B-D922-4620-8442-4A23675B867F - - Fig. 23 @@ -89,7 +91,7 @@ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: Type material . - + New Caledonia @@ -98,13 +100,7 @@ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: ( MNHN IA 2000-2100 -), -Cruise -SPANBIOS (https://doi. org/10.17600/18000701), -RV Alis -, -Sta. CP -5289 ( +), Cruise SPANBIOS (https://doi. org/10.17600/18000701), RV Alis, Sta. CP5289 ( 21°27’ S , 166°12’ E diff --git a/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FFBEBC5FADDBFDF5FB19F851.xml b/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FFBEBC5FADDBFDF5FB19F851.xml index ca1717c615d..f3cd0167e96 100644 --- a/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FFBEBC5FADDBFDF5FB19F851.xml +++ b/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FFBEBC5FADDBFDF5FB19F851.xml @@ -1,68 +1,70 @@ - - - -Revision of Iphione Kinberg, 1856 (Annelida, Aphroditiformia, Iphionidae) + + + +Revision of Iphione Kinberg, 1856 (Annelida, Aphroditiformia, Iphionidae) - - -Author + + +Author -Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I. -0000-0002-6931-0694 -Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 -ssalazar@ecosur.mx +Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I. +0000-0002-6931-0694 +Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 +ssalazar@ecosur.mx - - -Author + + +Author -Piotrowski, Christina N. -0000-0002-1655-4097 -Collections Manager of Invertebrate Zoology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, U. S. A. cpiotrowski @ calacademy. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1655 - 4097 -cpiotrowski@calacademy.org +Piotrowski, Christina N. +0000-0002-1655-4097 +Collections Manager of Invertebrate Zoology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, U. S. A. cpiotrowski @ calacademy. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1655 - 4097 +cpiotrowski@calacademy.org - - -Author + + +Author -Paulay, Gustav -0000-0002-6931-0694 -Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 & Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, U. S. A. paulay @ flmnh. ufl. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4118 - 9797 & Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 -ssalazar@ecosur.mx +Paulay, Gustav +0000-0003-4118-9797 +Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, U. S. A. paulay @ flmnh. ufl. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4118 - 9797 +paulay@flmnh.ufl.edu -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2024 - -2024-12-09 + +2024 + +2024-12-09 - -5548 + +5548 - -1 + +1 - -1 -84 + +1 +84 - -https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 + +https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 -journal article -10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 -1175-5334 -14387631 -55BA0F95-ED6F-4B8C-9A7D-56506E935639 +journal article +306745 +10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 +051f5e39-8357-46f3-8d90-98e537e95148 +1175-5334 +14387631 +55BA0F95-ED6F-4B8C-9A7D-56506E935639 - - + + @@ -73,14 +75,14 @@ + + urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: 3455EFC9-94C2-4850-96D4-635C9624CAFF - - Figs 22 , @@ -91,21 +93,20 @@ urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: Type material . - + French Polynesia , -Society Islands -, Moorea +Society Islands +, +Moorea . Holotype ( UF 2170 ), -Afareitu -, -South of Ferry Pass +Afareitu, South of Ferry Pass ( 17°31’45.732” S , @@ -125,9 +126,12 @@ sand, , N. Wilson , coll. COI barcode: -GenBank PQ -423924. -One paratype +GenBank PQ423924 +. + + +One +paratype ( UF 870 ), diff --git a/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FFC3BC21ADDBFB7DFF65FE91.xml b/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FFC3BC21ADDBFB7DFF65FE91.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..102cf0e9bbe --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/BE/87/03BE87F1FFC3BC21ADDBFB7DFF65FE91.xml @@ -0,0 +1,362 @@ + + + +Revision of Iphione Kinberg, 1856 (Annelida, Aphroditiformia, Iphionidae) + + + +Author + +Salazar-Vallejo, Sergio I. +0000-0002-6931-0694 +Depto. Sistemática y Ecología Acuática, El Colegio de la Frontera Sur, Chetumal, Quintana Roo, México ssalazar @ ecosur. mx; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 6931 - 0694 +ssalazar@ecosur.mx + + + +Author + +Piotrowski, Christina N. +0000-0002-1655-4097 +Collections Manager of Invertebrate Zoology, California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, U. S. A. cpiotrowski @ calacademy. org; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0002 - 1655 - 4097 +cpiotrowski@calacademy.org + + + +Author + +Paulay, Gustav +0000-0003-4118-9797 +Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, U. S. A. paulay @ flmnh. ufl. edu; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4118 - 9797 +paulay@flmnh.ufl.edu + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2024 + +2024-12-09 + + +5548 + + +1 + + +1 +84 + + + + +https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 + +journal article +306745 +10.11646/zootaxa.5548.1.1 +051f5e39-8357-46f3-8d90-98e537e95148 +1175-5334 +14387631 +55BA0F95-ED6F-4B8C-9A7D-56506E935639 + + + + + + + +Iphione wilsoni + +sp. nov. + + + + + + + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +8EE1E870-B326-4A0A-B375-BE8782A39B0D + + + +Figs 34 +, +35 + + + + + + +Iphione muricata + +: + +Hanley & Burke 1991: 39–41 + +, +Fig. 11 +( +non +(Savigny +in +Lamarck, 1818 +)). + + + + + +Type material +. + + +Australia + +. +Holotype +( +NMV +F164310 +), +Western Australia +, Ashmore L30 Transect, SS05/2007 Sta. 188 ( +12°26’42.0” S +, +123°36’03.6” E +), + +95 m + +, beam trawl, + +6 Jul. 2007 + +. + + + +Additional material + + +Coral Sea +. + +One specimen +( +MAGNT +W5511 +), Cruise Corail 2, RV + +Coriolis +, +Fairway Atoll +( +Reef +) + +, Sta. RH 88.46 ( +20°53’ S +, +161°41’ E +), + +60 m + +, + +20 Aug. 1988 + +, +J.R. Hanley +, coll. + + + + + +Indonesia + +. +One specimen +( +ZMA +V471.5 +), +Sulawesi +, RV Siboga Exped., Sta. 125 ( +Siau Island +, anchorage off Sawan), + +27 m + +, dredge, townet, +Monaco trap +, reef-exploration, stones, + +18–19 Jul. 1899 + +(markedly bent ventrally; juvenile; right elytra 3, 6 and 9 removed for observation; elytra yellowish without black spots; macrotubercles in two rows, towards posterior margin, each erect, subcylindridal, brittle, with many spines along stem; no further dissected nor measured to avoid further damage) + +. + + + + +FIGURE 34 +. + +Iphione wilsoni + + +sp. nov. + +, holotype (NMV F164319). A. Dorsal view. B. Right elytron 6, dorsal view. C. Same, close-up of external margin after Shirlastain-A. D. Another elytron, transverse section across central macrotubercles region. E. Chaetiger 12, left parapodium, posterior view after removal of notochaetae. F. Same, neurochaetal tips. Scale bars: A, 2.7 mm; B, 0.8 mm; C, E, 0.4 mm; D, 150 µm; F, 130 µm. + + + + +Diagnosis +. + +Iphione + +with median antenna reduced to nuchal papilla; elytra with margins smooth, non-fimbriate; macrotubercles cylindrical or tapered, with distal spines, in six or more rows, first row with macrotubercles markedly larger than those in other rows; cirrigerous segments with dorsal cirrophores with basal tubercle projected; neurochaetae unidentate. + + + + +Description +. +Holotype +(NMV F164310) bent ventrally ( +Fig. 34A +), +22 mm +long, +12 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers; first four pairs of elytra previously removed; right elytron 6 and left parapodium of chaetiger 12 removed for observation. + + +Elytra yellowish with an oblique, irregular black band, and darker along posterior margins, almost without calcareous epibionts, without fimbriae ( +Fig. 34B +). Macrotubercles arranged in 5–6 rows, subcylindrical, largest along external margins, markedly larger and bent middorsally, other erect or bent anteriorly, with spiny stems and stellate tips, each with 4–5 spines ( +Fig. 34C +). Macrotubercles with spines more abundant along posterior margins ( +Fig. 34D +). + +Prostomium retracted, roughly hexagonal, as long as wide, with a deep longitudinal depression along anterior prostomial half. Anterior lobes projected into ceratophores, blackish, longer than prostomium, ceratostyles lost. Palps pale, three times longer than ceratophores. Eyes blackish, positioned in posterior prostomial half, anterior eyes lateral, 1/3–1/2 as large as posterior, dorsal eyes. Nuchal papilla not visible. +Tentacular segment dorsally reduced, cirri as long as palps, chaetae not seen, probably lost. Facial tubercle blackish, visible dorsally. +Segments 2–4 directed anteriorly. Second segment not visible dorsally; nuchal lappet hidden below anterior margin of segment 2, semicircular. Ventral buccal cirri inserted ventrally, longer than following ventral cirri, right one lost, left one not surpassing chaetal tips. From segment 3, one pair of depressed, separate dorsal nodules per segment, only first pair visible, the others distorted by body contraction. Segments 2–3 with finer neurochaetae, barely swollen subdistally, with a longer region covered by series of transverse denticulations. + +Median cirrigerous segments ( +Fig. 34E +) with dorsal cirri slightly surpassing chaetal tips (many cirrostyles lost), resembling tips of tentacular cirri; dorsal cirrophores smooth, basal tubercle projected. Notochaetae whitish, very abundant, delicate capillaries with series of transverse funnel-shaped spinose rows, tips bare. Neuropodia with neuracicular lobe 2–3 times longer than wide, blunt; neurochaetal lobe with small globular papillae. Neurochaetae golden, thick abundant, basally smooth, subdistally swollen, with series of denticulations along swollen region, tips falcate, sharp ( +Fig. 34F +). + +Anus dorsal, positioned between elytral pairs 12 and 13. + + + +Etymology +. This species is being named after Robin Wilson, a well-known polychaete specialist working in the Museums +Victoria +Research Institute, +Australia +, in recognition of his many publications on taxonomy of marine annelids, and by his support for our studies on scaleworms. The specific epithet is a noun in the genitive case ( +ICZN 1999 +, Art. 31.1.2). + + + + +Variation +. A large specimen (MAGNT W5511) has a body rather truncate, instead of being oval, +30 mm +long, +18 mm +wide, 29 chaetigers. The anterior 7 pairs of elytra, and two left and one right parapodia previously removed (most elytra in container, parapodia lost), right parapodium of chaetiger 12 removed for observation. Elytra yellowish with an oblique longitudinal black band ( +Fig. 35A, B +); macrotubercles subcylindrical, tapered, bent middorsally or anteriorly, smaller ones erect, tips stellate, arranged in 6 rows, progressively smaller posteriorly. Cirrigerous segments with basal tubercle of dorsal cirrophores projected ( +Fig. 35C +); dorsal cirrostyles tapered, ventral cirrostyles mucronate; neurochaetal lobe with one long cirriform papillae, if seen in anterior view ( +Fig. 35D +, inset), other papillae globular; neurochaetae unidentate. + + + + +FIGURE 35 +. + +Iphione wilsoni + + +sp. nov. + +, non-type specimen (MAGNT w5511). A. Anterior left elytron. B. Median left elytron. C. Chaetiger 12, right parapodium, posterior view (after Methyl green staining). D. Same, anterior view (inset: tip of neuracicular lobe). Scale bars: A, 1.1 mm; B, 1.2 mm; C, 0.7 mm; D, 0.5 mm. + + + + +Remarks +. + +Iphione wilsoni + + +sp. nov. + +separates from other species of + +Iphione + +lacking elytral fimbriae by the +type +and shape of macrotubercles, and by the +type +of neurochaetae. In + +I. wilsoni + +macrotubercles are subcylindrical with tips stellate, whereas they are blunt in the other species, and it has unidentate neurochaetae, whereas they can be bidentate in some other species. + + +Hanley & Burke (1991: 39) +illustrated what they regarded as + +I. muricata + +(Savigny +in +Lamarck, 1818 +). However, the elytra lack fimbriae and are different from + +I. muricata + +by having thinner, mostly erect macrotubercles, and the additional smaller ones have stellate tips. These specimens were not available but they seem conspecific with + +I. wilsoni + +. + + + + +Distribution +. Western Australia through +Indonesia +to the Coral Sea, in deeper subtidal mixed bottoms ( +27–95 m +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/E7/87/03E787D7FFEC222F999AFF12FE2BFF40.xml b/data/03/E7/87/03E787D7FFEC222F999AFF12FE2BFF40.xml index e3fb2c28530..ccb7d8edc86 100644 --- a/data/03/E7/87/03E787D7FFEC222F999AFF12FE2BFF40.xml +++ b/data/03/E7/87/03E787D7FFEC222F999AFF12FE2BFF40.xml @@ -1,44 +1,44 @@ - - - -Orchidaceae + + + +Orchidaceae - - -Author + + +Author -Elias Landolt +Elias Landolt -text - - -2001 -Fachstelle Naturschutz Kanton Zürich - -Basel +text + + +2001 +Fachstelle Naturschutz Kanton Zürich + +Basel - -Flora des Sihltals von der Stadt Zürich bis zum Höhronen + +Flora des Sihltals von der Stadt Zürich bis zum Höhronen - - -232 -258 + + +232 +258 -book chapter -37396 -10.5281/zenodo.248047 -bef0bd4d-2c40-4e4b-8ffb-7b21f063b5e4 -248047 +book chapter +37396 +10.5281/zenodo.248047 +bef0bd4d-2c40-4e4b-8ffb-7b21f063b5e4 +248047 - + - + Aceras R.Br. diff --git a/data/03/E7/87/03E787D7FFEC222F999AFF29FC79FD86.xml b/data/03/E7/87/03E787D7FFEC222F999AFF29FC79FD86.xml index 914430699c6..81c2cfd3308 100644 --- a/data/03/E7/87/03E787D7FFEC222F999AFF29FC79FD86.xml +++ b/data/03/E7/87/03E787D7FFEC222F999AFF29FC79FD86.xml @@ -1,46 +1,46 @@ - - - -Orchidaceae + + + +Orchidaceae - - -Author + + +Author -Elias Landolt +Elias Landolt -text - - -2001 -Fachstelle Naturschutz Kanton Zürich - -Basel +text + + +2001 +Fachstelle Naturschutz Kanton Zürich + +Basel - -Flora des Sihltals von der Stadt Zürich bis zum Höhronen + +Flora des Sihltals von der Stadt Zürich bis zum Höhronen - - -232 -258 + + +232 +258 -book chapter -37396 -10.5281/zenodo.248047 -bef0bd4d-2c40-4e4b-8ffb-7b21f063b5e4 -248047 +book chapter +37396 +10.5281/zenodo.248047 +bef0bd4d-2c40-4e4b-8ffb-7b21f063b5e4 +248047 - + 479. - + Aceras anthropophorum (L.) Aiton diff --git a/data/03/E7/87/03E787D7FFEE222D999AFB94FE47F9A6.xml b/data/03/E7/87/03E787D7FFEE222D999AFB94FE47F9A6.xml index 43e685f87e2..96f9eda5c5b 100644 --- a/data/03/E7/87/03E787D7FFEE222D999AFB94FE47F9A6.xml +++ b/data/03/E7/87/03E787D7FFEE222D999AFB94FE47F9A6.xml @@ -1,46 +1,46 @@ - - - -Orchidaceae + + + +Orchidaceae - - -Author + + +Author -Elias Landolt +Elias Landolt -text - - -2001 -Fachstelle Naturschutz Kanton Zürich - -Basel +text + + +2001 +Fachstelle Naturschutz Kanton Zürich + +Basel - -Flora des Sihltals von der Stadt Zürich bis zum Höhronen + +Flora des Sihltals von der Stadt Zürich bis zum Höhronen - - -232 -258 + + +232 +258 -book chapter -37396 -10.5281/zenodo.248047 -bef0bd4d-2c40-4e4b-8ffb-7b21f063b5e4 -248047 +book chapter +37396 +10.5281/zenodo.248047 +bef0bd4d-2c40-4e4b-8ffb-7b21f063b5e4 +248047 - + 475. - + Liparis loeselii (L.) Rich. @@ -57,7 +57,7 @@ - + Sturmia loeselii L. diff --git a/data/03/E7/87/03E787D7FFEE222D999AFBD1FE01FB83.xml b/data/03/E7/87/03E787D7FFEE222D999AFBD1FE01FB83.xml index b551d40a773..962a1f40208 100644 --- a/data/03/E7/87/03E787D7FFEE222D999AFBD1FE01FB83.xml +++ b/data/03/E7/87/03E787D7FFEE222D999AFBD1FE01FB83.xml @@ -1,44 +1,44 @@ - - - -Orchidaceae + + + +Orchidaceae - - -Author + + +Author -Elias Landolt +Elias Landolt -text - - -2001 -Fachstelle Naturschutz Kanton Zürich - -Basel +text + + +2001 +Fachstelle Naturschutz Kanton Zürich + +Basel - -Flora des Sihltals von der Stadt Zürich bis zum Höhronen + +Flora des Sihltals von der Stadt Zürich bis zum Höhronen - - -232 -258 + + +232 +258 -book chapter -37396 -10.5281/zenodo.248047 -bef0bd4d-2c40-4e4b-8ffb-7b21f063b5e4 -248047 +book chapter +37396 +10.5281/zenodo.248047 +bef0bd4d-2c40-4e4b-8ffb-7b21f063b5e4 +248047 - + - + Liparis Rich. diff --git a/data/4A/3D/A8/4A3DA83107015B0FFD22FF4863F0B181.xml b/data/4A/3D/A8/4A3DA83107015B0FFD22FF4863F0B181.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..febfead11f0 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/4A/3D/A8/4A3DA83107015B0FFD22FF4863F0B181.xml @@ -0,0 +1,316 @@ + + + +A New Tibetan Species of Bolitobius Leach (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Mycetoporinae) + + + +Author + +Yin (殷子为), Zi-Wei + + + +Author + +Hu (胡佳耀), Jia-Yao + +text + + +The Coleopterists Bulletin + + +2022 + +2022-09-09 + + +76 + + +3 + + +381 +385 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1649/0010-065x-76.3.381 + +journal article +306746 +10.1649/0010-065X-76.3.381 +9899671e-4c95-4938-9a0d-c7b5965d9b3d +1938-4394 +13252678 +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A63B36E3-F16A-4F17-A9B5-14FC98EBFAA2 + + + + + + +Bolitobius lilizheni +Yin and Hu + +, +new species + +zoobank.org/ + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +781A9130-A10D-4B56-A440-E867E5CE10AD + +( +Figs. 1 +, +2 +) Chinese common name: +ḞKffiãDOiffl + + + + +Type Material. + + +HOLOTYPE +: +CHINA +: + +♂ +, “China: +Xizang +, +Nyingchi City +, +Tongmai Town +, +pass nr. 102 Tunnel +, +30°04′15′′ N +, +95°08′07′′ E +, + +2150–2400 m + +, + +12.vii.2021 + +, +Peng +, +Yin +& +Zhang +, +ĦflDz9 +102 +Ŀfi +” ( +SNUC +). + + + + + +Diagnosis. +Male +. Total body length approximately 7.0 mm, forebody length +3.8 mm +; head, pronotum, elytral disc, and abdomen except for posterior margin of tergite VII uniformly black; head, pronotum, and elytra lacking microsculpture, abdomen with only segment IX with observable transverse microsculpture; antennomere 11 approximately 1.67 times as long as wide; elytron with large, light yellowish macula posterior to humeral angle; sternite VII with eight short bristles at middle of posterior margin, sternite VIII angularly protruding at middle of posterior margin, fields of bristles fusing at base; aedeagus with median lobe bulged at apex, parameres surpassing median lobe by approximately half their length, endophallus with pair of elongate sclerites at apex and with group of irregular sclerites at base. +Female +. Unknown. + + + + +Fig. 1. + +Bolitobius lilizheni + +, + +new species + +, male. A) Dorsal habitus, B) Right elytron, showing form of macula and position of bristles, dorsal view, C) Sternite VII, ventral view, D) Sternite VIII, ventral view, E) Fields of bristles of sternite VIII, enlarged, ventral view, F) Sternite X, ventral view. Scale bars: 2.0 mm in A; 0.5 mm in B–D, F; 0.2 mm in E. + + + + +Fig. 2. + +Bolitobius lilizheni + +, + +new species + +, male. A–C) Aedeagus, dorsal (A), lateral (B) and ventral (C), with endophallus in dorsal view and parameres in lateral and ventral view outlined, D) Apex of left paramere (dorsal view), enlarged, showing position of setae. Scale bars: 0.5 mm in A–C; 0.1 mm in D. + + + + +Description. +Male +. Coloration. Head and pronotum black; antennomeres 1 and 2 yellowish-brown, 3–10 black, 11 yellowish-white; elytra including scutellar shield black, with large pale-yellowish humeral maculae; legs black, with dark reddish-brown tarsi; abdomen black, posterior margin of tergite VII and apex of segment X pale in color. + + +Measurements. Total body length (from anterior margin of clypeus to apex of abdomen) +7.1 mm +; forebody length (from anterior margin of clypeus to apex of elytra) +3.8 mm +; midlength of head (from anterior margin of clypeus to anterior margin of pronotum) +0.92 mm +, maximum width of head (across eyes) +0.87 mm +; midlength of pronotum +1.23 mm +, maximum width of pronotum +1.60 mm +; length of scutellar shield +0.13 mm +; length of elytra along suture +1.46 mm +, along humerus (from humeral angle to posterior margin) +1.86 mm +, maximum width of elytra +1.86 mm +; length of abdomen +3.32 mm +, maximum width of abdomen (at base of tergite III) +1.55 mm +; length of antenna +2.22 mm +, length of antennomere 11 (excluding basal stalk) +0.35 mm +, maximum width +0.21 mm +, relative lengths of antennomeres 1–11: 30:17:20:17:17:18:17:17: 17:18:34; length of aedeagus including parameres +1.63 mm +, length of median lobe +1.11 mm +. + +Microsculpture.Head, pronotum, and elytra lacking microsculpture, abdomen with only segment IX bearing distinct transversely meshed microsculpture. +Habitus elongate, fusiform. Head slightly longer than wide; eyes convex, roundly protruding from outline of head; temples subparallel posterior to eyes and forming “neck” region, slightly shorter than eyes (ratio 0.7:1.0); anterolateral margin of clypeus with three macrosetae, posteromesal margin of antennal fossa with one macroseta, and area mesal to posterior margin of eye with one macroseta. Antennae elongate, covered by short pubescence and long setae, surpassing posterior margin of pronotum when extending posteriorly; antennomeres 1–3 distinctly elongate, 4–10 much broader, roundly quadrate, 11 approximately as long as 9 and 10 combined, elongate-suboval, distinctly longer than wide, ratio 1.68:1, truncate at base and rounded at apex. +Pronotum moderately transverse, ratio of maximum width to midlength 1.3:1, slightly more than 1.8 times as broad as head, broadest posterior to middle, strongly narrowing from broadest point anteriorly, less so posteriorly; anterolateral corner roundly angulate, anterior margin roundly convex at middle, posterior corner broadly and obtusely rounded, posterior margin slightly arched; anterior, lateral, and posterior margin each with four macrosetae. +Elytra along suture slightly shorter than combined width (ratio 0.78:1) and along humerus as long as wide (1:1), slightly broadening posteriorly, broadest at approximately posterior 1/4; each elytron with large, sub-rounded macula posterior to humeral angle; sutural, discal, lateral, and posterior row of bristles distinct, each composed of 8 (sutural), 8 (discal 1), 6 (discal 2), 7 (discal 3), 6 (discal 4), 9 (discal 5), 8 (lateral), and 5 (posterior) bristles, epipleuron with approximately 20 shorter, smaller bristles. +Legs slender; protarsus slightly dilated, protarsomeres 1 to 5 successively narrower; meso- and metatibiae with long spines, tarsomeres elongate, tarsomeres 1 to 4 successively shorter, 5 much longer than 4. +Abdomen elongate, tapering posteriorly. Tergites III to VI each with row of long bristles along posterior margin, IV to VI also with short setae at bases, tergite III at middle with broad area lacking punctures, IV to VI with similar but successively smaller asetose area at middle, tergite VII trapezoidal, with short setae at base and long bristles on disc, VIII tapering from base towards apex, with exceptionally long bristles along lateral and posterior margins, tergite IX lacking bristles, X with long bristles covering whole surface; sternite VII with posterior margin medially broadly emarginate, with 8 short bristles at middle. Sternite VIII with posterior margin angularly protruding at middle, preceded by basally-fused fields with dense bristles; sternite X with basal half slightly wider than apical half, posterior margin with 9–10 long bristles and many shorter setae. +Aedeagus with short median lobe with bulged apex; endophallus with complex of irregular sclerites at base and pair of elongate sclerites at apex; parameres elongate, surpassing median lobe by half of their lengths, each paramere broadened at level of base of apical bulge of median lobe, with dense row of 8–9 short setae, roundly broadened at apex, with two preapical setae and two additional setae at approximately apical 1/5 along mesal margin. + +Female +. Unknown. + + +Comparative Notes. +Following +Schülke (1993) +, this species is placed as a member of the + +B +. +setiger + +group. It resembles + +B +. +emeishanus + +from +Sichuan +by the similar form of the aedeagus which has a bulged apex of the median lobe. + +Bolitobius lilizheni + +differs from + +B +. +emeishanus + +by the black elytra lacking a yellowish posterior margin, the elytral maculae not reaching the elytral bases, the fields of bristles of male sternite VIII fused at the base (bristles arranged in two clearly separated fields in + +B +. +emeishanus + +and in all other species of the + +B +. +setiger + +group), and the different structure of the endophallus of the aedeagus. + + + + +Distribution and Habitat. +SW +China +: +Tibet +( +Xizang +). The single male was collected by sifting leaf litter in a mixed forest at an altitude of + +2,150 +– 2,400 +m + +. The new find fills a large geographical gap between +Nepal +and +Sichuan +, +China +, where no + +Bolitobius + +had been previously reported.Additional Tibetan species of + +Bolitobius + +are expected to be determined by future collecting efforts in this poorly explored area harboring an evidently high diversity of rove beetles ( +e.g. +, +Yin 2022 +). + + + + +Etymology. +This species is named after our former supervisor Li-Zhen Li, who has made a significant contribution to the Asian +Mycetoporinae +and +Tachyporinae +fauna. + + + + +Remarks. +One female +collected at the same day and location with + +B +. +lilizheni + +has yellow posterior margins of the elytra, and three other females collected from Zhêntang Town (27°54–55′N, 87°29– 32′E) have a dark brown antennomere 11. Each of these populations may represent different species. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/4E/1F/87/4E1F8799FA67FF89FB09F5E444B20E1C.xml b/data/4E/1F/87/4E1F8799FA67FF89FB09F5E444B20E1C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..a9646851f2b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/4E/1F/87/4E1F8799FA67FF89FB09F5E444B20E1C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,89 @@ + + + +A new synonym of the Pyraloidea from the genus Loxostege Hübner, 1825 (Lepidoptera: Crambidae: Pyraustinae) + + + +Author + +Yepishin, Viktor + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2022 + +2022-05-11 + + +5134 + + +3 + + +448 +450 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5134.3.9 +1175-5326 +6538397 + + + + + +Loxostege ayhanana +Kemal & Koçak, 2017 + + +syn. nov. + +of + + + + + +Loxostege shirazalis +( +Amsel, 1961 +) + + +comb. nov. + +are established. + + + + +Distribution +covers North +Macedonia +(Modrište, +17.VI.2016 +, I. Richter leg.; unpublished data), +Ukraine +(the +Crimea +), +Turkey +( +Van Prov. +) and +Iran +( +Fars Prov. +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/4E/1F/87/4E1F8799FA67FF89FF0EF06042BA0F88.xml b/data/4E/1F/87/4E1F8799FA67FF89FF0EF06042BA0F88.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..18a281ff76a --- /dev/null +++ b/data/4E/1F/87/4E1F8799FA67FF89FF0EF06042BA0F88.xml @@ -0,0 +1,237 @@ + + + +A new synonym of the Pyraloidea from the genus Loxostege Hübner, 1825 (Lepidoptera: Crambidae: Pyraustinae) + + + +Author + +Yepishin, Viktor + +text + + +Zootaxa + + +2022 + +2022-05-11 + + +5134 + + +3 + + +448 +450 + + + +journal article +10.11646/zootaxa.5134.3.9 +1175-5326 +6538397 + + + + + +Pyrausta shirazalis + + + + + +was described based on +one male +and +one female +specimens by +Amsel (1961: 424) +from South +Iran +. More than half a century later, + +Loxostege ayhanana +Kemal & Koçak, 2017 + +was described from East +Turkey +based on +3 males +. + +L. ayhanana + +was noted for Europe from the Crimea by +Savchuk & Kajgorodova (2018) +for the first time. Based on numerous material and personal observations as well the observations of other entomologists in nature (Lepiforum 2022), some questions on the biology of this species were answered and a photo of female genitalia was published for the first time. Since no description of the female genitalia was given, it is provided in this Correspondence. The molecular analysis and the phylogenetic position of this species (as + +L. ayhanana + +) in the genus + +Loxostege + +were shown by +Kizildağ (2020) +. + + + + +Material examined +: + + +Iran + +: + +Holotype + +of + +Pyrausta shirazalis + +, +1♂ +( +Figs 2–3 +), “ +Holo +Typus ♂ | leg. +H. Amsel +|| + +Pyrausta + +| + +shirazalis + +[on the reverse]”, “ + +Iran, +Shiraz + +| + + +7000 ft. + +12.5.40 + +| +E. P. Wiltshire +”, “GU | +3595 +” + +. + + +Paratype + +of + +Pyrausta shirazalis + +, +1♀ +, ( +Figs 1, 4 +), “ +Allo +Typus ♀ | leg. +H. Amsel +|| + +Pyrausta + +| + +shirazalis + +[on the reverse]”, “ + +SHIRAZ + +| + +12.5.40 + +”; prep. no. +♀ +599.21 (slide) V. Yepishin + +. + + +Ukraine + +: +1♂ +, +Crimea +, +Kara-Dah +, + +20.IV.1990 + +, +Yu. Budashkin +leg. +1♀ +, + + +Crimea +, +Kara-Dah +, Lehener, + +10.V.2004 + +, +Yu. Budashkin +leg.; prep. no. ♀587.21 (slide) V. Yepishin + +. + + + + +Description of female genitalia +( +Figs 4–5 +): papillae analles flat-elongated C-shaped. Apophyses short, apophyses posteriores 1.5× shorter than apophyses anteriores.Apophyses anteriores are bent in the middle at an obtuse angle. Segment VIII short, 2× shorter than apopyses anteriores. The shape of the antrum varies from funnel-shaped to cylindrical, strongly sclerotized, length-to-width ratio about 1.3×. Antrum variation can be observed in specimens from the same geographical place, as, for example, specimens from the +Crimea +have both forms of the antrum that is mentioned and illustrated by +Savchuk & Kajgorodova (2018: 85 +: fig. 6). Colliculum slightly narrower and shorter than the antrum. Ductus seminalis enters immediately following the colliculum. Ductus bursae very long, without pronounced spirally twisting, slightly narrowed in the middle part, with a characteristic spinulose band at base of bursa. +Bursa +copulatrix and appendix bursae rounded. Rhomboid signum variable, length-to-width ratio about 1.8–1.9×. + + +The fact that the taxon + +shirazalis +Amsel, 1961 + +belongs to the genus + +Loxostege + +is indicated by both evidences: molecular phylogenetic analysis ( +Kizildağ 2020 +) and the combination of morphological features as follows: i) rounded top of the uncus; ii) juxta distally bifid; iii) clasper simple, directed anal-cranially, usually bearing spinules; iv) distal part of aedeagus with a spiral arrangement of spinules in male genitalia; v) in female genitalia, wide and short colliculum; vi) a spinulose band of ductus bursae at base of bursa. Thus, a new combination and a new synonymy: + + + + \ No newline at end of file