diff --git a/data/21/FE/19/21FE19A90A4251EF9FC664467170CB31.xml b/data/21/FE/19/21FE19A90A4251EF9FC664467170CB31.xml index 20c82d3777c..ba37c21db08 100644 --- a/data/21/FE/19/21FE19A90A4251EF9FC664467170CB31.xml +++ b/data/21/FE/19/21FE19A90A4251EF9FC664467170CB31.xml @@ -1,61 +1,61 @@ - - - -Four new earthworm species of the genera Amynthas and Metaphire (Oligochaeta, Megascolecidae) from Hunan and Anhui provinces, China + + + +Four new earthworm species of the genera Amynthas and Metaphire (Oligochaeta, Megascolecidae) from Hunan and Anhui provinces, China - - -Author + + +Author -Jin, Qing -0000-0001-7731-3150 -School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China & Shanghai Urban Forest Research Station, State Forestry Administration, Shanghai, China +Jin, Qing +0000-0001-7731-3150 +School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China & Shanghai Urban Forest Research Station, State Forestry Administration, Shanghai, China - - -Author + + +Author -Li, Jiali -School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China & Shanghai Urban Forest Research Station, State Forestry Administration, Shanghai, China +Li, Jiali +School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China & Shanghai Urban Forest Research Station, State Forestry Administration, Shanghai, China - - -Author + + +Author -Jiang, Jibao -School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China & Shanghai Urban Forest Research Station, State Forestry Administration, Shanghai, China +Jiang, Jibao +School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China & Shanghai Urban Forest Research Station, State Forestry Administration, Shanghai, China - - -Author + + +Author -Qiu, Jiangping -School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China & Shanghai Urban Forest Research Station, State Forestry Administration, Shanghai, China +Qiu, Jiangping +School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China & Shanghai Urban Forest Research Station, State Forestry Administration, Shanghai, China -text - - -ZooKeys +text + + +ZooKeys - -2024 - -2024-08-26 + +2024 + +2024-08-26 - -1210 + +1210 - -247 -271 + +247 +271 -journal article -10.3897/zookeys.1210.125963 -150A50A5-7C0A-41E1-B983-08517F57F7E7 +journal article +10.3897/zookeys.1210.125963 +150A50A5-7C0A-41E1-B983-08517F57F7E7 - + @@ -75,19 +75,21 @@ Qiu & Jin Material examined. - + Holotype . -• 1 clitellate (P 1 CJHUSH 190517069 N 8-01 A), +• 1 clitellate ( +P 1 CJHUSH 190517069 N 8-01 A +), China , Hunan Province , -Yongzhou City +Yongzhou City ( 25.30170 ° N @@ -98,7 +100,9 @@ Qiu & Jin 201 m -elevation, brown soil under weeds in dry farmland, +elevation, +brown soil under weeds in dry farmland +, 17 May 2019 @@ -110,20 +114,21 @@ and BY Yin . + Paratypes . -7 clitellates in total • - -3 clitellates (P 1 CJHUSH 190517069 N 8-01 B), +7 clitellates in total • 3 clitellates ( +P 1 CJHUSH 190517069 N 8-01 B +), China , Hunan Province , -Yongzhou City +Yongzhou City ( 25.30170 ° N @@ -134,7 +139,9 @@ and 201 m -elevation, brown soil under weeds in dry farmland, +elevation, +brown soil under weeds in dry farmland +, 17 May 2019 @@ -142,19 +149,19 @@ elevation, brown soil under weeds in dry farmland, JB Jiang , JL Li -and BY -Yin +and +BY Yin • - -1 clitellates (P 1 CJHUSH 190526781 -R 8-04 + +1 clitellates ( +P 1 CJHUSH 190526781 R 8-04 ), China , Hunan Province , -Liling City +Liling City ( 27.63491 ° N @@ -165,7 +172,9 @@ and BY 55 m -elevation, yellow soil under weeds in woodland, +elevation, +yellow soil under weeds in woodland +, 26 May 2019 @@ -173,17 +182,19 @@ elevation, yellow soil under weeds in woodland, JB Jiang , JL Li -and Y -Wang +and +Y Wang • - -2 clitellates (HU 201601-03), + +2 clitellates ( +HU 201601-03 +), China , Hunan Province , -Changde City +Changde City ( 28.70779 ° N @@ -194,7 +205,9 @@ and Y 66 m -elevation, brown soil under moss and fern in farmland, +elevation, +brown soil under moss and fern in farmland +, 2 May 2016 @@ -202,19 +215,21 @@ elevation, brown soil under moss and fern in farmland, JB Jiang , J Sun -, Y -Dong -and Y -Zheng +, +Y Dong +and +Y Zheng • - -1 clitellates (HU 201602-04), + +1 clitellates ( +HU 201602-04 +), China , Hunan Province , -Changde City +Changde City ( 28.65267 ° N @@ -225,7 +240,9 @@ and Y 69 m -elevation, reddish brown soil under moss and fern in farmland, +elevation, +reddish brown soil under moss and fern in farmland +, 2 May 2016 @@ -233,10 +250,10 @@ elevation, reddish brown soil under moss and fern in farmland, JB Jiang , J Sun -, Y -Dong -and Y -Zheng +, +Y Dong +and +Y Zheng . @@ -266,13 +283,25 @@ by 3.5–4.5 mm at clitellum, segments 49–112. Annulus present on X – XIII. The dorsal midline is clearly visible and green-brown. First dorsal pore of all examined individuals in 10 / 11. Prostomium 1 / 2 epilobous. Clitellum annular, grey, in XIV – 2 / 3 XVI -, smooth, setae numbering 8 at XIV (P 1 CJHUSH 190517069 N 8-01 and HU 201602-04), 11 at XV (HU 201602-04), 13 at +, smooth, setae numbering 8 at XIV ( +P 1 CJHUSH 190517069 N 8-01 +and +HU 201602-04 +), 11 at XV ( +HU 201602-04 +), 13 at XVI -(P 1 CJHUSH 190517069 N 8-01) or 14 at +( +P 1 CJHUSH 190517069 N 8-01 +) or 14 at XVI -(P 1 CJHUSH 190526781 +( + +P 1 CJHUSH 190526781 R -8-04), dorsal pores visible on clitellum. Setae numbering 32–42 at III, 40–48 at +8-04 + +), dorsal pores visible on clitellum. Setae numbering 32–42 at III, 40–48 at V , 44–50 at VIII @@ -300,21 +329,33 @@ and 3 A ). Sometimes a similar papilla presents in the center of XVII -(specimen HU 201601-03) (Fig. +(specimen +HU 201601-03 +) (Fig. 3 D ). Sometimes another similar papilla presents in the center of XIX -(specimen HU 201602-04) (Fig. +(specimen +HU 201602-04 +) (Fig. 3 E ). Female pore single in XIV, oval, milky white. Spermathecal pores four pairs in 5 / 6–8 / 9, ventral, small eye-like, milky white porophore in center, separated by 1 / 3 body circumference. A pair of oval medium-sized flat-topped papillae after the setae ring between the spermathecal pores in VII , the interval is ~ 1 / 4 of body circumference. Sometimes another pair of similar papillae present in the same position of VI -(specimen HU 201601-03 and HU 201602-04). Sometimes another pair of similar papillae present in the same position of +(specimen +HU 201601-03 +and +HU 201602-04 +). Sometimes another pair of similar papillae present in the same position of VIII -(specimen P 1 CJHUSH 190526781 +(specimen + +P 1 CJHUSH 190526781 R -8-04). +8-04 + +). @@ -332,9 +373,13 @@ intestinal caeca C spermathecae D -male pores of paratypes (HU 201601-03) +male pores of paratypes ( +HU 201601-03 +) E -male pores of paratypes (HU 201602-04). Abbreviations: sp, spermathecal pores; mp, male pores. +male pores of paratypes ( +HU 201602-04 +). Abbreviations: sp, spermathecal pores; mp, male pores. @@ -371,18 +416,18 @@ and 3 C ). Sometimes pair of large lumpy accessory glands present on the ventrum of VII -(specimen HU 201601-03 and HU 201602-04). +(specimen +HU 201601-03 +and +HU 201602-04 +). Etymology. - -The species is named after its -type -locality. - +The species is named after its type locality. @@ -408,7 +453,7 @@ is close to sp. nov. in setae number, the position and characteristics of spermathecal pores and male pores, and the simple intestinal caeca. However, the differences between the two new species are body size, pigmentation, the position of the first dorsal pore, the position of clitellum, the position of papillae within spermathecal pores and male pore region, the existence or nonexistence of prostate glands, and the characteristics of the spermathecae and diverticulum (Table -2 +2 ). @@ -454,7 +499,7 @@ is dark chocolate-colored anteriorly and grey on other parts of dorsum, grey on , nine setae between male pores, the ventral distance of spermathecal pores is 1 / 4 C, papillae invisible within spermathecal pores and male pore regions, prostate glands developed in XVI – XXI, spermathecae heart-shaped, diverticulum seminal chamber ovoid (Table -2 +2 ). @@ -565,7 +610,7 @@ in A. stricosus (Table -2 +2 ). @@ -621,7 +666,7 @@ and – XX , diverticulum longer than main pouch, slender, terminal 0.29 dilated into rod-shaped seminal chamber, no accessory glands (Table -2 +2 ). @@ -631,7 +676,7 @@ Another similar species with four pairs of spermathecal pores in 5 / 6–8 / 9 i Yuan & Jiang, 2019 . The two species share some similarities, such as the position of male pores and simple intestinal caeca. However, the two species are distinguished by body size, pigmentation, the first dorsal pore position, setae number, the ventral distance of spermathecal pores, existence or nonexistence of papillae within spermathecal pore region, the characteristics of male pores and papillae within male pore region, prostate glands, the characteristics of spermathecae and diverticulum, and the existence or nonexistence of accessory glands (Table -2 +2 ). diff --git a/data/53/5B/D2/535BD2BD982E50CC8BE7D696AADC90C1.xml b/data/53/5B/D2/535BD2BD982E50CC8BE7D696AADC90C1.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..70546c85d25 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/53/5B/D2/535BD2BD982E50CC8BE7D696AADC90C1.xml @@ -0,0 +1,900 @@ + + + +Four new earthworm species of the genera Amynthas and Metaphire (Oligochaeta, Megascolecidae) from Hunan and Anhui provinces, China + + + +Author + +Jin, Qing +0000-0001-7731-3150 +School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China & Shanghai Urban Forest Research Station, State Forestry Administration, Shanghai, China + + + +Author + +Li, Jiali +School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China & Shanghai Urban Forest Research Station, State Forestry Administration, Shanghai, China + + + +Author + +Jiang, Jibao +School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China & Shanghai Urban Forest Research Station, State Forestry Administration, Shanghai, China + + + +Author + +Qiu, Jiangping +School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China & Shanghai Urban Forest Research Station, State Forestry Administration, Shanghai, China + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2024 + +2024-08-26 + + +1210 + + +247 +271 + + + +journal article +10.3897/zookeys.1210.125963 +150A50A5-7C0A-41E1-B983-08517F57F7E7 + + + + + +Amynthas xiangtanensis +Qiu & Jin + +sp. nov. + + + + +Fig. 2 + + + + +Material examined. + + + + + +Holotype + +. + +• 1 clitellate ( +P 1 CJHUSH 190510083 N 1-05 +A), +China +, +Hunan Province +, +Xiangtan City +( + +27.98312 ° N +, +112.81616 ° E + +), + +47 m + +elevation, +brownish yellow soil under shrub in farmland +, + +10 May 2019 + +, +JB Jiang +, +JL Li +and +BY Yin + +. + + + +Paratypes + +. + +10 clitellates in total • 2 clitellates ( +P 1 CJHUSH 190510083 N 1-05 +B), +China +, +Hunan Province +, +Xiangtan City +( + +27.98312 ° N +, +112.81616 ° E + +), + +47 m + +elevation, +brownish yellow soil under shrub in farmland +, + +10 May 2019 + +, +JB Jiang +, +JL Li +and +BY Yin + +• + +2 clitellates ( +P 1 CJHUSH 190519808 N 5-02 +), +China +, +Hunan Province +, +Yongzhou City +( + +25.83566 ° N +, +112.27331 ° E + +), + +163 m + +elevation, +brown soil under weeds in field +, + +19 May 2019 + +, +JB Jiang +, +JL Li +and +Y Wang + +• + +2 clitellates ( +P 1 CJHUSH 190526781 N 5-01 +), +China +, +Hunan Province +, +Liling City +( + +27.54671 ° N +, +113.54837 ° E + +), + +74 m + +elevation, +brown soil under weeds in farmland +, + +26 May 2019 + +, +JB Jiang +, +JL Li +and +Y Wang + +• + +2 clitellates ( +P 1 CJHUSH 190514791 N 13-01 +), +China +, +Hunan Province +, +Yueyang City +( + +29.07035 ° N +, +113.23038 ° E + +), + +57 m + +elevation, +yellow soil under vegetable field in farmland +, + +14 May 2019 + +, +Y Dong +, +YF Qin +and +YZ Wu + +• + +2 clitellates ( + +AH 201612-02 + +), +China +, +Anhui Province +, +Huangshan City +( + +30.58531 ° N +, +117.87033 ° E + +), + +506 m + +elevation, +brown soil under vegetable field in farmland +, + +8 May 2016 + +, +JB Jiang +, +J Sun +, +Y Dong +and +Y Zheng + +. + + + + +Diagnosis. + + +Size medium to large. Spermathecal pores in 5 / 6–8 / 9, separated by 1 / 3 of body circumference. Male pores in +XVIII +, separated by 1 / 3 of body circumference, each on the top of a slightly raised, circular porophore. Spermathecae four pairs in +VI +– +IX +, ampulla heart-shaped, duct thick and ~ 1 / 4 of ampulla. Diverticulum is ~ 2 / 3 of main pouch (duct and ampulla together), terminal 1 / 2 dilated into rod-shaped seminal chamber. Intestinal caeca are simple. Prostate glands are well developed. + + + + +External characters. + + +Yellowish brown dorsal pigmentation, pale yellowish brown ventral pigmentation. Dimensions +110–184 mm +by 5.0–7.0 mm at clitellum, segments 111–133. Annulus present on +VIII +– XIII. The dorsal midline is clearly visible and purplish brown. First dorsal pore of all examined individuals in 9 / 10. Prostomium 1 / 2 epilobous. Clitellum annular, taupe, in XIV – +XVI +, swollen, setae invisible externally, but dorsal pores visible on clitellum. Setae numbering 16–28 at III, 26–32 at +V +, 40–46 at +VIII +, 46–54 at +XX +, 54–58 at XXV; 14–16 between male pores; 8–12 ( +V +), 10–12 ( +VI +), 12–14 ( +VII +) and 14–17 ( +VIII +) between spermathecal pores; setal formula, aa = 1.0–1.2 ab, zz = 1.4–2.0 zy. Male pores one pair in +XVIII +, separated by 1 / 3 of body circumference, each on the top of a slightly raised, circular porophore. A pair of oval medium-sized flat-topped papillae on +XVIII +, after the setae ring near male pores, the interval is ~ 1 / 4 of body circumference (Fig. +2 A +). Sometimes another pair of similar papillae present after male pores, the interval is ~ 1 / 3 of body circumference (specimen +P 1 CJHUSH 190519808 N 5-02 +) (Fig. +2 E +); another pair similar papillae present on the ventrum of +XVIII +, but near to the ventral line (specimen +P 1 CJHUSH 190514791 N 13-01 +) (Fig. +2 F +). Female pore single in XIV, oval, milky white. Spermathecal pores four pairs in 5 / 6–8 / 9, ventral, small eye-like, milky white porophore in center, separated by 1 / 3 of body circumference. A pair of oval medium-sized flat-topped papillae before the setae ring on the ventrum of +IX +, the interval of two papillae separated by ~ 1 / 9 of body circumference (Fig. +2 A +). Sometimes another pair of similar papillae present on the same position of +VIII +(specimen +P 1 CJHUSH 190526781 N 5-01 +). + + + + + + + +A. xiangtanensis + +sp. nov. +A +ventral view showing spermathecal pores, and male pores +B +prostate glands +C +intestinal caeca +D +spermathecae +E +male pores of paratypes ( +P 1 CJHUSH 190519808 N 5-02 +) +F +male pores of paratypes ( +P 1 CJHUSH 190514791 N 13-01 +). Abbreviations: sp, spermathecal pores; mp, male pores. + + + + + +Internal characters. + + +Septa 5 / 6–7 / 8 thick and muscular, 10 / 11–12 / 13 slightly thickened, 8 / 9 and 9 / 10 absent. Gizzard long bucket-shaped, in +IX +– X. Intestine enlarged distinctly from XV. Intestinal caeca paired in XXVII, extending anteriorly to XXIII, simple, smooth on both sides or sometimes weakly constricted on ventral margin (Fig. +2 C +). Four esophageal hearts in X – XIII, the latter three are more developed than the first pair. Male sexual system holandric, testis sacs two pairs in X and XI, well developed, left and right lobes separated on the ventral side. Seminal vesicles two pairs in XI and XII, well developed, left and right lobes separated on the ventral side. Prostate glands well developed, inserting in +XVIII +and extending to XIV and XXI, coarsely lobate, prostatic duct U-shaped, slightly thicker at the distal part, a large lumpy accessory gland beside the prostatic duct (Fig. +2 B +). Spermathecae four pairs in +VI +– +IX +, ampulla heart-shaped, ~ +2.5–4.5 mm +long in +holotype +; ampulla duct is thick and ~ 1 / 4 of ampulla. Diverticulum is ~ 2 / 3 of main pouch (duct and ampulla together), slender, terminal 1 / 2 dilated into rod-shaped seminal chamber. A pair of large lumpy accessory glands present on the ventrum of +IX +, corresponding to the position of papillae (Fig. +2 D +). Sometimes another pair of large lumpy accessory glands present on the ventrum of +VIII +, corresponding to the position of papillae. + + + + +Etymology. + +The species is named after its type locality. + + + +Remarks. + + + +Amynthas xiangtanensis + +sp. nov. +, with four pairs of spermathecal pores in 5 / 6–8 / 9, keys to the + +Amynthas corticis + +group ( +Sims and Easton 1972 +) which consists of 111 species ( +Nguyen et al. 2020 a +, +2020 b +; +Sun et al. 2021 +; +Li et al. 2024 +); it is similar to + +A. taoyuanensis + +sp. nov. +in setae number, spermathecal pores, male pores, and simple intestinal caeca (Table +2 +). However, + +A. xiangtanensis + +sp. nov. +(110–184 * 5.0 – 7.0, yellowish brown dorsum and pale yellowish brown ventrum) is easily distinguished from + +A. taoyuanensis + +sp. nov. +(length 41–120 * 3.5 – 4.5, colorless) by its larger body size and pigmentation. In addition, the first dorsal pore of + +A. xiangtanensis + +sp. nov. +is in 9 / 10, but 10 / +11 in + +A. taoyuanensis + +sp. nov. +; clitellum in XIV – +XVI +of + +A. xiangtanensis + +sp. nov. +, while XIV – 2 / 3 +XVI +in + +A. taoyuanensis + +sp. nov. +; paired papillae before setae in +VIII +or +IX +in + +A. xiangtanensis + +sp. nov. +, but paired papillae after setae in +VI +, +VII +or +VIII +in + +A. taoyuanensis + +sp. nov. +; two or more papillae near male pore of + +A. xiangtanensis + +sp. nov. +, whereas two pairs or more in +XVI +, +XVII +, +XVIII +or +XIX +of + +A. taoyuanensis + +sp. nov. +; prostate gland well developed in + +A. xiangtanensis + +sp. nov. +, nevertheless prostate glands degenerated in + +A. taoyuanensis + +sp. nov. +; spermathecae of + +A. xiangtanensis + +sp. nov. +(~ +2.5–4.5 mm +long, ampulla heart-shaped, duct ~ 1 / 4 of ampulla) are different from + +A. taoyuanensis + +sp. nov. +(~ +0.6–1.8 mm +long, ampulla oval-shaped, duct is thick and ~ 1 / 2 of ampulla) by size and shape; diverticulum terminal 1 / 2 dilated into rod-shaped seminal chamber in + +A. xiangtanensis + +sp. nov. +, but terminal 3 / 4 dilated into bag-shaped seminal chamber in + +A. taoyuanensis + +sp. nov. + + + + + + +A comparison of characters of + +A. xiangtanensis + +sp. nov. +, + +A. taoyuanensis + +sp. nov. +, and similar species of the + +Amynthas corticis + +group. Abbreviations: sp, spermathecal pores, mp, male pores. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Character +A. xiangtanensis + +A. taoyuanensis + +A. corticis + +A. maximus + +A. tortuosus + +A. stricosus + +A. homosetus + +A. genitalis +A. recavus
Body size (mm)110–184 * 5.0 – 7.041–120 * 3.5 – 4.545–170 * 3.0 – 6.0145–170 * 5.8 – 6.255–86 * 2.5 – 2.872–97 * 2 – 2.8116 * 5.283–97 * 2.3 – 2.558-64 * 2.1 – 2.3
Pigment dorsumYellowish brownNoneGreenish brownPale purple-brown to brownPurple-brown to pale purple-brownNoneDark chocolate to greyNonePink to pale brown
Pigment ventrumPale yellowish brownNoneNoneNone to yellowishPale purple-brown to NoneNoneGreyNoneNone
First dorsal pore9 / 1010 / 1111 / 1213 / 1413 / 1411 / 12 or 12 / 1312 / 1312 / 1312 / 13
ClitellumXIV – XVIXIV – 2 / 3 XVIXIV – XVI2 / 5 XIV – XVIXIV – XVIXIV – XVIXIV – XVIXIV – XVIXIV – XVI
Setae numbering16–28 / III, 40–46 / VIII, 46–54 / XX32 – 42 / III, 44–50 / VIII, 50–58 / XX36 – 40 / VII, 40–46 / XXV33 – 38 / III, 29–33 / VIII, 18–22 / XX24 – 26 / III, 34–36 / VIII, 32–36 / XX30 – 54 / III, 62–72 / VIII, 40–70 / XX44 / VIII30 – 36 / III, 32–36 / VIII, 38–46 / XX21 – 22 / III, 34–36 / VIII, 34–36 / XX
Setae number between sp14–17 (VIII)19–22 (VIII)12 (VIII)18–22 (VIII)12–13 (VIII)23–29 (VIII)-8–11 (VIII)12 (VIII)
Setae number between mp14–16 (XVIII)13–14 (XVIII)10–14 (XVIII)9–13 (XVIII)8–9 (XVIII)10–12 (XVIII)9 (XVIII)11–12 (XVIII)9–10 (XVIII)
Ventral distance of sp1 / 3 C1 / 3 C1 / 3 C1 / 3 C1 / 4 C2 / 5 C1 / 4 C1 / 3 C2 / 5 C
Papillae within sp regionPaired before setae in VIII or IXPaired after setae in VI, VII or VIIIPaired before or after setae near spTwo pairs after setae in VII and VIIIFour pairs after setae in VI – IXNoneInvisibleNoneNone
Papillae within mp regionTwo or more near male poreTwo paired or more in XVI, XVII, XVIII, or XIXOne or more papillae near male porePaired before setae medial of male porePaired medial of male poreSingle or paired in XVII, XIX, and XXInvisible4 paired in XVII, XVIII and XIXPaired in XVII, 3 papillae in XIX
Prostate glandsWell developed with accessory glandDegenerated with accessory glandsDevelopedUnderdevelopedDevelopedDeveloped,DevelopedDevelopedDeveloped
Diverticulum2 / 3 of main pouch, terminal 1 / 2 dilated into rod-shaped seminal chamber2 / 3 of main pouch, terminal 2 / 3 dilated into bag-shaped seminal chamberShorter than main pouch and terminal dilated into round or elongate oval seminal chamberShorter, lightly twist in middle, terminal 2 / 5, dilated into rod-shaped seminal chamberShorter, terminal 4 / 5 dilated into S-shaped twisted seminal chamberAs long as main pouch, slender, terminal 2 / 5 dilated into a band shaped chamberShorter, terminal dilated into rod-shaped seminal chamberLonger than main pouch, terminal 0.29 dilated into rod-shaped seminal chamber~ 3 / 5 of main pouch, terminal 1 / 4 dilated into ovoid-shaped seminal chamber
Accessory glandsPaired on VIII or IXTwo paired on VII or VIIIBound down to parietes or retained within body wallOne or two on VI, VII, VIII, and IXOne near the each spermathecaNoneInvisibleNoneNone
+ + +The new species is also fairly close to + +Amynthas corticis +( +Kinberg, 1867 +) + +by having medium to large size, spermathecal pores location and simple intestinal caeca (Table +2 +). However, the new species differs from + +A. corticis + +in pigmentation (yellowish brown dorsum and pale yellowish brown ventrum), first dorsal pore in 9 / 10, paired papillae within spermathecal pore region before setae in +VIII +or +IX +, male pores middle and round by 1 / 3 C, two or more papillae near male pore, prostate glands in XIV – XXI with a large lumpy accessory gland, ampulla heart-shaped, diverticulum terminal 1 / 2 dilated into rod-shaped seminal chamber, paired large lumpy accessory glands on +VIII +or +IX +. Whereas + +A. corticis + +has a greenish brown dorsum and an unpigmented ventrum, first dorsal pore in 11 / 12, paired papilla before or after setae in some or all near spermathecal pores, male pores small and circular to transverse elliptical disc by 1 / 4 C – 1 / 3 C, one or more papillae near male pore, prostate glands in +XVII +– +XX +without accessory glands, ampulla ovoid, diverticulum straight stalked, terminally dilated into a blunt ovoid seminal chamber, accessory glands stalked, coelomic, bound down to the parietes or retained within body wall. + + +Another similar species with four pairs of spermathecal pores in 5 / 6–8 / 9 is + +Amynthas maximus +Qiu & +Dong, 2019 + +. The two species share some similarities, such as body size, pigmentation, spermathecal pores, simple intestinal caeca (Table +2 +). However, + +A. xiangtanensis + +sp. nov. +has first dorsal pore in 9 / 10, clitellum XIV – +XVI +, spermathecal pores, paired papillae before setae in +VIII +or +IX +, male pores without ridges, separated by 1 / 3 of body circumference, two or more papillae near male pore, prostate glands in XIV – XXI with a large lumpy accessory gland, spermathecae larger, ampulla heart-shaped, duct ~ 1 / 4 of ampulla, diverticulum terminal 1 / 2 dilated into rod-shaped seminal chamber, paired large lumpy accessory glands on +VIII +or +IX +. While + +A. maximus + +has first dorsal pore in 13 / 14, clitellum in 2 / 5 XIV – +XVI +, fewer setae at +VIII +and +XX +, two pairs papillae after setae in +VII +and +VIII +, male pores surrounded by 3–4 circular ridges, separated by 2 / 5 of body circumference, paired papillae before setae medial of male pore, prostate glands in +XVII +– +XIX +with accessory glands invisible, spermathecae smaller, ampulla elongate-oval, duct 3 / 5 of ampulla, diverticulum terminal 2 / 5 dilated into a swollen, club-shaped seminal chamber, one or two stalked accessory glands on +VI +, +VII +, +VIII +and +IX +. + + +Regarding the pigmentation, clitellum, the position of spermathecal and male pores, simple intestinal caeca, and characteristics of the spermathecae, the new species is similar to + +Amynthas tortuosus +Qiu & +Dong, 2019 + +. However, the two species are distinguished by body size, the position of the first dorsal pore, setae number, the number and position of papillae within the spermathecal pore and male pore region, the characteristics and ventral distance of male pores, the position of prostate glands and the existence or nonexistence of accessory glands, and the characteristics of the diverticulum and accessory glands (Table +2 +). + + +In addition, the new species is somewhat similar to + +Amynthas stricosus +Qiu & + +Sun, +2012 in + + +the clitellum, the position of spermathecal and male pores, the ventral distance of male pores, and the simple intestinal caeca. Nevertheless, the two species are different in body size, pigmentation, the position of the first dorsal pore, setae number, the ventral distance of spermathecal pores and the existence or nonexistence of papillae, the characteristics of male pores, the number and position of papillae within the male pore region, the position of prostate glands and the existence or nonexistence of accessory glands, the characteristics of spermathecae, diverticulum and existence or nonexistence of accessory glands (Table +2 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/58/54/E9/5854E979906F5FDAB06656813555716C.xml b/data/58/54/E9/5854E979906F5FDAB06656813555716C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..9ea11f78848 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/58/54/E9/5854E979906F5FDAB06656813555716C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,885 @@ + + + +Four new earthworm species of the genera Amynthas and Metaphire (Oligochaeta, Megascolecidae) from Hunan and Anhui provinces, China + + + +Author + +Jin, Qing +0000-0001-7731-3150 +School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China & Shanghai Urban Forest Research Station, State Forestry Administration, Shanghai, China + + + +Author + +Li, Jiali +School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China & Shanghai Urban Forest Research Station, State Forestry Administration, Shanghai, China + + + +Author + +Jiang, Jibao +School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China & Shanghai Urban Forest Research Station, State Forestry Administration, Shanghai, China + + + +Author + +Qiu, Jiangping +School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China & Shanghai Urban Forest Research Station, State Forestry Administration, Shanghai, China + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2024 + +2024-08-26 + + +1210 + + +247 +271 + + + +journal article +10.3897/zookeys.1210.125963 +150A50A5-7C0A-41E1-B983-08517F57F7E7 + + + + + +Amynthas xuanchengensis +Jin & Li + +sp. nov. + + + + +Fig. 4 + + + + +Material examined. + + + + + +Holotype + +. + +• 1 clitellate ( +AH 201517-06 +), +China +, +Anhui Province +, +Xuancheng City +( + +30.89694 ° N +, +118.48889 ° E + +), + +860 m + +elevation, +black sandy soil under shrubbery in front of the house +, + +11 October 2015 + +, +Y Dong +, +Z Yuan +, +MS Chen +and +YL Wang + +. + + + +Paratype + +. + +• 1 clitellate ( +P 1 CJHUSH 190521800 Q 6-03 +), +China +, +Hunan Province +, +Chenzhou City +( + +26.16809 ° N +, +113.05648 ° E + +), + +79 m + +elevation, +sandy soil under weeds beside roadways +, + +21 May 2019 + +, +JB Jiang +, +JL Li +and +Y Wang + +. + + + + +Diagnosis. + + +Size small. Spermathecal pores in 5 / 6 and 6 / 7, separated by 1 / 3 of body circumference. Male pores in +XVIII +, separated by 1 / 4 of body circumference, each on the top of a slightly raised, circular porophore. Spermathecae two pairs in +VI +and +VII +, ampulla heart-shaped, duct is thick and ~ 1 / 2 of ampulla. Diverticulum as long as main pouch (duct and ampulla together), terminal 1 / 2 dilated into ovoid-shaped seminal chamber. Intestinal caeca are simple. Prostate glands are developed. + + + + +External characters. + + +No dorsal or ventral pigmentation. Dimensions +26–32 mm +by 1.5–2.0 mm at clitellum, segments 60–65. The dorsal midline is not clearly visible. First dorsal pore of all examined individuals in 12 / 13. Prostomium 1 / 2 epilobous. Clitellum annular, taupe, in XIV – +XVI +, smooth, setae invisible externally. Setae numbering 32–40 at III, 36–44 at +V +, 40–48 at +VIII +, 50–54 at +XX +, 56–58 at XXV; 4 between male pores; setal formula, aa = 1.0–1.4 ab, zz = 1.4–2.0 zy. Male pores one pair in +XVIII +, separated by 1 / 4 body circumference, each on the top of a slightly raised, circular porophore (Fig. +4 A +). Female pore single in XIV, oval, milky white. Spermathecal pores two pairs in 5 / 6 and 6 / 7, ventral, not clearly, milky white porophore in center, separated by 1 / 3 body circumference. + + + + + + + +A. xuanchengensis + +sp. nov. +A +ventral view showing spermathecal pores, and male pores +B +prostate glands +C +intestinal caeca +D +spermathecae. Abbreviations: sp, spermathecal pores; mp, male pores. + + + + + + + + +M. donganensis + +sp. nov. +A +ventral view showing spermathecal pores, and male pores +B +prostate glands +C +intestinal caeca +D +male pores of paratype ( +P 1 CJHUSH 190511779 N 9-03 +) +E +spermathecae. Abbreviations: sp, spermathecal pores; mp, male pores. + + + + + +Internal characters. + + +Septa 5 / 6–7 / 8 thick and muscular, 10 / 11–12 / 13 slightly thickened, 8 / 9 and 9 / 10 absent. Gizzard spherical in +IX +– X. Intestine enlarged distinctly from XV. Intestinal caeca paired in XXVII, extending anteriorly to XXVI, simple, smooth on both sides (Fig. +4 C +). Four esophageal hearts in X – XIII, not well developed. Male sexual system holandric, testis sacs two pairs, in X and XI, well developed, left and right lobes separated on the ventral side. Seminal vesicles two pairs, extending in XI and XII, well developed, left and right lobes separated on the ventral side. Prostate glands well developed, inserting in +XVIII +and extending to +XVI +and +XIX +, coarsely lobate, prostatic duct U-shaped, slightly thicker at the distal part (Fig. +4 B +). No accessory glands observed. Spermathecae two pairs in +VI +– +VII +, ampulla heart-shaped, ~ +0.7 mm +long in +holotype +; ampulla duct is thick and ~ 1 / 2 of ampulla. Diverticulum as long as main pouch (duct and ampulla together), terminal 1 / 2 dilated into ovoid-shaped seminal chamber. No accessory glands observed (Fig. +4 D +). + + + + +Etymology. + +The species is named after its type locality. + + + +Remarks. + + + +Amynthas xuanchengensis + +sp. nov. +, with two pairs of spermathecal pores in 5 / 6 and 6 / 7, can be assigned to + +Amynthas morrisi + +group ( +Sims and Easton 1972 +) with 55 species included in this group ( +Sun et al. 2009 +, +2015 +, +2021 +; +Shen et al. 2014 +; +Jiang et al. 2015 +; +Hong 2017 +), such as + +Amynthas nanulus +( +Chen & Yang, 1975 +) ( +Chen et al. 1975 +) + +, + +Amynthas parvus +( +Chen & Hsu, 1977 +) + +, + +Amynthas piagolensis +Hong & James, 2001 + +, + +Amynthas diaoluomontis +Qiu & +Sun, 2009 + +, + +Amynthas endophilus +Zhao & Qiu, 2013 + +. + +Amynthas xuanchengensis + +sp. nov. +is very similar to + +Amynthas endophilus +Zhao & Qiu, 2013 + +by lacking pigmentation, first dorsal pore in 12 / 13, clitellum in XIV – +XVI +, the position of spermathecal pores and male pores, no papillae within spermathecal pore and male pore regions, simple intestinal caeca. However, the new species differs from + +A. endophilus + +by smaller body size and fewer setae. And beyond that, the ventral distance of spermathecal pores and male pores is 1 / 3 C and 1 / 4 C in + +A. xuanchengensis + +sp. nov. +, but 2 / 5 C and 1 / 3 C in + +A. endophilus + +; spermathecal pores of + +A. xuanchengensis + +sp. nov. +are inconspicuous, but obvious in + +A. endophilus + +; male pores of + +A. xuanchengensis + +sp. nov. +not surrounded by folds, but + +A. endophilus + +surrounded by four folds; prostate glands in +XVI +– +XIX +in + +A. xuanchengensis + +sp. nov. +, but +XVII +– XXI in + +A. endophilus + +; spermathecae ~ +0.7 mm +long, ampulla heart-shaped, duct is thick and ~ 1 / 2 of ampulla of + +A. xuanchengensis + +sp. nov. +, while spermathecae longer, ampulla elongated ovoid, duct a little shorter than ampulla in + +A. endophilus + +; diverticulum as long as main pouch in + +A. xuanchengensis + +sp. nov. +, nevertheless shorter than main pouch in + +A. endophilus + +(Table +3 +). + + + + + + +A comparison of characters of + +A. xuanchengensis + +sp. nov. +and similar species of the + +Amynthas morrisi + +group. Abbreviations: sp, spermathecal pores, mp, male pores. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Character +A. xuanchengensis + +A. endophilus + +A. fucatus + +A. infuscuatus + +A. zonarius +A. baikmudongensis
Body size (mm)26–32 * 1.5 – 2.096 * 3137 * 4.060–78 * 1.4 – 1.652–103 * 1.6 – 3.175 * 4.3
Pigment dorsumNoneNoneDark red brown to palePurple to pale brownNoneNone
Pigment ventrumNoneNonePale red brown to paleNoneNone-
Setae numbering32–40 / III, 40–48 / VIII, 50–54 / XX56 / III, 72 / V, 84 / VIII44 / III, 60 / VIII, 40 / XX46–48 / III, 49–52 / VIII, 42–46 / XX38 – 56 / III, 46–52 / VIII, 34–54 / XX24 / VII, 53 / XX
Setae number between mp4 (XVIII)2 (XVIII)8 (XVIII)8–10 (XVIII)6–12 (XVIII)7 (XVIII)
Spermathecal poresInconspicuous, 1 / 3 CObvious, 2 / 5 CObvious, 2 / 5 CObvious, 1 / 3 CInconspicuous, 2 / 5 CInconspicuous
Male pores1 / 4 CSurrounded by folds, 1 / 3 CSurrounded by folds, 2 / 5 CSurrounded by folds, 1 / 3 CSurrounded by folds, 1 / 3 CLarge circular raised pads in XVIII
Papillae within mp regionNoneNoneTwo in the inner side of male pore., another paired in XVIIITwo in the inner side of male poreOne or two in the inner side of male pore, sometimes another two on XVIIINone
Prostate glandsDevelopedDevelopedWell developedDevelopedDevelopedUnderdeveloped
DiverticulumAs long as main pouch, terminal 1 / 2 dilated into ovoid-shaped seminal chamber4 / 5 of main pouch, terminal 3 / 5 dilated into zonal seminal chamber1 / 3 of main pouch, terminal 2 / 5 dilated into virgulate seminal chamberSlightly longer than main pouch, terminal 1 / 3 dilated into swollen seminal chamberLong as main pouch, terminal 1 / 2 dilated into band-shaped seminal chamber1 / 2 of main pouch, terminal 1 / 2 dilated into club-shaped seminal chamber
+ + +Another similar species with two pairs of spermathecal pores in 5 / 6 and 6 / 7 is + +Amynthas fucatus +Zhao & Qiu, 2013 + +. The two species share some similarities, such as clitellum in XIV – +XVI +, the position of spermathecal pores and male pores, invisible papillae within spermathecal pore region, and simple intestinal caeca. By contrast, the new species and + +A. fucatus + +can be separated on the basis of smaller body size and fewer setae at +VIII +. In addition, + +A. xuanchengensis + +sp. nov. +is unpigmented, but dark red brown before clitellum and pale after clitellum in dorsum, pale red brown before clitellum and pale after clitellum in ventrum in + +A. fucatus + +; the first dorsal pore of + +A. xuanchengensis + +sp. nov. +in 12 / 13, but 11 / +12 in + +A. fucatus + +; the ventral distance of spermathecal pores and male pores are 1 / 3 C and 1 / 4 C in + +A. xuanchengensis + +sp. nov. +, but 2 / 5 C and 2 / 5 C in + +A. fucatus + +; spermathecal pores of + +A. xuanchengensis + +sp. nov. +are inconspicuous, but obvious in + +A. fucatus + +; male pores of + +A. xuanchengensis + +sp. nov. +not surrounded by folds, but + +A. fucatus + +surrounded by three to five folds; invisible papillae within male pore region of + +A. xuanchengensis + +sp. nov. +, whereas two papillae on the inner side of male pore, another paired in +XVIII +in + +A. fucatus + +; prostate glands in +XVI +– +XIX +of + +A. xuanchengensis + +sp. nov. +, while XV – XXI with accessory glands invisible in + +A. fucatus + +; spermathecae ~ +0.7 mm +long, ampulla heart-shaped in + +A. xuanchengensis + +sp. nov. +, nevertheless spermathecae longer, ampulla elongated ovoid in + +A. fucatus + +; diverticulum is as long as main pouch, terminal 1 / 2 dilated into ovoid-shaped seminal chamber in + +A. xuanchengensis + +sp. nov. +, but diverticulum ~ 1 / 3 of main pouch, straight, terminal 3 / 4 dilated into virgulate seminal chamber in + +A. fucatus + +(Table +3 +). + + + +Amynthas xuanchengensis + +sp. nov. +appears to be closely related to + +A. infuscuatus + +Jiang & Sun, +2015 in + + +the combined characters of ventrum pigmentation, first dorsal pore in 12 / 13, clitellum in XIV – +XVI +, the position and characteristics of spermathecal pores, invisible papillae within spermathecal pore region, the position of male pores, simple intestinal caeca, and ampulla heart-shaped. Conversely, they still have some differences, such as body size, dorsum pigmentation, and setae number. + +Amynthas xuanchengensis + +sp. nov. +smaller, without pigment on dorsum, but purple before +VIII +; pale brown after +VIII +in + +A. infuscuatus + +; four setae between male pores of + +A. xuanchengensis + +sp. nov. +, but 8–10 setae in + +A. infuscuatus + +; the ventral distance of male pores is 1 / 4 C in + +A. xuanchengensis + +sp. nov. +, but 1 / 3 C in + +A. infuscuatus + +; spermathecal pores of + +A. xuanchengensis + +sp. nov. +are inconspicuous, but obvious in + +A. infuscuatus + +; male pores of + +A. xuanchengensis + +sp. nov. +surrounded by no folds, but + +A. infuscuatus + +surrounded by three or four folds; invisible papillae within male pore region of + +A. xuanchengensis + +sp. nov. +, whereas two papillae on the inner side of male pore in + +A. infuscuatus + +; prostate glands in +XVI +– +XIX +of + +A. xuanchengensis + +sp. nov. +, while +XVI +– 1 / 2 +XX +with accessory glands invisible in + +A. infuscuatus + +; spermathecae ~ +0.7 mm +long, duct is thick and ~ 1 / 2 of ampulla in + +A. xuanchengensis + +sp. nov. +, but spermathecae longer, duct slender, twice as long as ampulla in + +A. infuscuatus + +; diverticulum is as long as main pouch, terminal 1 / 2 dilated into ovoid-shaped seminal chamber in + +A. xuanchengensis + +sp. nov. +, but diverticulum longer than main pouch, slender, terminal 1 / 3 dilated into swollen seminal chamber in + +A. infuscuatus + +(Table +3 +). + + + +Amynthas xuanchengensis + +sp. nov. +and + +Amynthas zonarius +Sun & Qiu, 2015 + +share some common characters in pigmentation, first dorsal pore in 12 / 13, clitellum in XIV – +XVI +, the characteristics of spermathecal pores, invisible papillae within spermathecal pore region, the position of male pores, simple intestinal caeca. In contrast, + +A. xuanchengensis + +sp. nov. +differs from + +A. zonarius + +in smaller body size and fewer setae. Additionally, the ventral distance of spermathecal pore and male pores are 1 / 3 C and 1 / 4 C in + +A. xuanchengensis + +sp. nov. +, but 2 / 5 C and 1 / 3 C in + +A. zonarius + +; male pores of + +A. xuanchengensis + +sp. nov. +surrounded by no folds, but + +A. zonarius + +surrounded by five folds; invisible papillae within male pore region of + +A. xuanchengensis + +sp. nov. +whereas one or two papillae on the inner side of male pore, sometimes another two on +XVIII +in + +A. zonarius + +; prostate glands in +XVI +– +XIX +in + +A. xuanchengensis + +sp. nov. +, while +XVI +– 1 / 2 +XX +with accessory glands invisible in + +A. zonarius + +; spermathecae ~ +0.7 mm +long, ampulla heart-shaped, duct is thick and ~ 1 / 2 of ampulla in + +A. xuanchengensis + +sp. nov. +, whereas spermathecae longer, ampulla ovoid, duct as long as ampulla in + +A. zonarius + +; ovoid-shaped seminal chamber in + +A. xuanchengensis + +sp. nov. +, but band-shaped seminal chamber in + +A. zonarius + +(Table +3 +). + + +In terms of pigmentation, clitellum, setae number, the positions of spermathecal pores and male pores, inconspicuous spermathecal pores, invisible papillae within spermathecal pore and male pore regions, simple intestinal caeca. + +Amynthas xuanchengensis + +sp. nov. +is somewhat similar to + +Amynthas baikmudongensis +Hong, 2017 + +. On the contrary, the new species is easily distinguished from + +A. baikmudongensis + +by body size, prostate glands, the characteristics of male pores, spermathecae, and diverticulum (Table +3 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/8E/1C/41/8E1C41F935AA5322BC26D62CB1A52E22.xml b/data/8E/1C/41/8E1C41F935AA5322BC26D62CB1A52E22.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..99d5ccfe4ed --- /dev/null +++ b/data/8E/1C/41/8E1C41F935AA5322BC26D62CB1A52E22.xml @@ -0,0 +1,984 @@ + + + +Four new earthworm species of the genera Amynthas and Metaphire (Oligochaeta, Megascolecidae) from Hunan and Anhui provinces, China + + + +Author + +Jin, Qing +0000-0001-7731-3150 +School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China & Shanghai Urban Forest Research Station, State Forestry Administration, Shanghai, China + + + +Author + +Li, Jiali +School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China & Shanghai Urban Forest Research Station, State Forestry Administration, Shanghai, China + + + +Author + +Jiang, Jibao +School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China & Shanghai Urban Forest Research Station, State Forestry Administration, Shanghai, China + + + +Author + +Qiu, Jiangping +School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China & Shanghai Urban Forest Research Station, State Forestry Administration, Shanghai, China + +text + + +ZooKeys + + +2024 + +2024-08-26 + + +1210 + + +247 +271 + + + +journal article +10.3897/zookeys.1210.125963 +150A50A5-7C0A-41E1-B983-08517F57F7E7 + + + + + +Metaphire donganensis +Jin & Jiang + +sp. nov. + + + + +Fig. 5 + + + + +Material examined. + + + + + +Holotype + +. + +• 1 clitellate ( + +HU 201613-01 +A + +), +China +, +Hunan Province +, +Dongan City +( + +26.35499 ° N +, +111.19531 ° E + +), + +172 m + +elevation, +brown soil under vegetable field in farmland +, + +4 May 2016 + +, +JB Jiang +, +J Sun +, +Y Dong +, and +Y Zheng + +. + + + +Paratypes + +. + +13 clitellates in total • 1 clitellate ( + +HU 201613-01 +B + +), +China +, +Hunan Province +, +Dongan City +( + +26.35499 ° N +, +111.19531 ° E + +), + +172 m + +elevation, +brown soil under vegetable field in farmland +, + +4 May 2016 + +, +JB Jiang +, +J Sun +, +Y Dong +and +Y Zheng + +• + +2 clitellates ( +P 1 CJHUSH 190511779 N 9-03 +), +China +, +Hunan Province +, +Liuyang City +( + +28.32795 ° N +, +113.52008 ° E + +), + +112 m + +elevation, +red soil under vegetable in vegetable garden +, + +11 May 2019 + +, +Y Dong +, +YF Qin +and +YZ Wu + +• + +7 clitellates ( +P 1 CJHUSH 190512778 N 11-01 +), +China +, +Hunan Province +, +Yueyang City +( + +28.91995 ° N +, +113.70132 ° E + +), + +179 m + +elevation, +brown soil under rape in rape field +, + +12 May 2019 + +, +Y Dong +, +YF Qin +and +YZ Wu + +• + +1 clitellate ( +P 1 CJHUSH 190512096 Q 3-04 +), +China +, +Hunan Province +, +Linxiang City +( + +29.33550 ° N +, +113.40176 ° E + +), + +51 m + +elevation, +brown sandy soil under shrub in grove +, + +12 May 2019 + +, +Y Dong +, +YF Qin +and +YZ Wu + +• + +2 clitellates ( +P 1 CJHUSH 190518092 Q 6-01 +), +China +, +Hunan Province +, +Yuanjiang City +( + +29.04369 ° N +, +112.29798 ° E + +), + +48 m + +elevation, +brown soil under litter next to the house +, + +18 May 2019 + +, +Y Dong +, +YF Qin +and +YK Li + +. + + + + +Diagnosis. + + +Size medium to large. Spermathecal pores in 6 / 7–8 / 9, separated by 1 / 3 of body circumference. Male pores in +XVIII +, separated by 1 / 3 of body circumference, each on the bottom center of the longitudinal copulatory chamber. Sometimes the copulatory chamber eversion is ridged. Spermathecae three pairs in +VII +– +IX +, ampulla heart- or rod-shaped, duct thick and as long as ampulla. Diverticulum as long as main pouch (duct and ampulla together), slender and straight at proximal part, terminal 1 / 2 dilated into twisted in zigzag fashion. Intestinal caeca are simple. Prostate glands are well developed. + + + + +External characters. + + +Pale brown dorsal and ventral pigmentation. Dimensions +72–159 mm +by 4.6–7.0 mm at clitellum, segments 78–111. Annulus present on +IX +– +XVIII +. The dorsal midline is clearly visible and purplish brown. First dorsal pore of all examined individuals in 12 / 13. Prostomium 1 / 2 epilobous. Clitellum annular, pale taupe, in XIV – +XVI +, smooth, setae invisible externally. Setae numbering 20–34 at III, 20–46 at +V +, 28–58 at +VIII +, 52–66 at +XX +, 58–70 at XXV; 8–13 between male pores; 14–17 ( +VI +), 16–20 ( +VII +) and 17–21 ( +VIII +) between spermathecal pores; setal formula, aa = 1.0–1.6 ab, zz = 1.2–1.8 zy. Male pores one pair in +XVIII +, separated by 1 / 3 body circumference, each on the bottom center of the longitudinal copulatory chamber, multiple radioactive folds on the outer edge (Fig. +5 A +). Sometimes the copulatory chamber eversion is ridged (specimen +P 1 CJHUSH 190511779 N 9-03 +, +P 1 CJHUSH 190512096 Q 3-04 +and +P 1 CJHUSH 190518092 Q 6-01 +) (Fig. +5 D +). Female pore single in XIV, oval, milky white. Spermathecal pores three pairs in 6 / 7–8 / 9, ventral, large eye-like, milky white porophore in center, separated by 1 / 3 body circumference. + + + + +Internal characters. + + +Septa 5 / 6–7 / 8 thick and muscular, 10 / 11–12 / 13 slightly thickened, 8 / 9 and 9 / 10 absent. Gizzard spherical, in +IX +– X. Intestine enlarged distinctly from XV. Intestinal caeca paired in XXVII, extending anteriorly to XXIII, simple, smooth dorsal margin, weakly constricted on ventral margin (Fig. +5 C +). Four esophageal hearts in X – XIII, the latter three are more developed than the first pair. Male sexual system holandric, testis sacs two pairs, in X and XI, well developed, left and right lobes connected on the ventral side. Seminal vesicles two pairs, extending in XI and XII, well developed, left and right lobes separated on the ventral side. Prostate glands well developed, inserting in +XVIII +and extending to +XVI +and +XXII +, strip lobate, prostatic duct U-shaped, slightly thicker at the distal part (Fig. +5 B +). No accessory glands observed. Spermathecae three pairs in +VII +– +IX +, ampulla heart- or rod-shaped, ~ 3.2–8.0 mm long in +holotype +; ampulla duct is swollen and as long as ampulla. Diverticulum as long as main pouch (duct and ampulla together), slender and straight at proximal part, terminal 1 / 2 dilated into twisted in zigzag fashion. No accessory glands observed (Fig. +5 E +). + + + + +Etymology. + +The species is named after its type locality. + + + +Remarks. + + + +Metaphire donganensis + +sp. nov. +with three pairs spermathecal pores in 6 / 7–8 / 9, keys to the + +Metaphire houlleti + +group, which includes 44 species ( +Sims and Easton 1972 +; +Feng 1984 +; +Feng and Ma 1987 +; +Qiu and Zhong 1993 +; +Sun et al. 2018 +). + +Metaphire vulgaris agricola +(Chen, 1930) + +is slightly akin to the new species in the respects of body size, first dorsal pore in 12 / 13, clitellum in XIV – +XVI +, setae number, the position and characteristics of spermathecal pores, simple intestinal caeca, and the characteristics of diverticulum. Instead, the difference between the two species is in the pigmentation, pale brown in + +M. donganensis + +sp. nov. +, earthy yellow in + +M. vulgaris agricola +( +Feng, 1981 +) + +. Further, the ventral distance of spermathecal pore and male pores are 1 / 3 C and 1 / 3 C in + +M. donganensis + +sp. nov. +, but 1 / 4 C and 1 / 4 C in + +M. vulgaris agricola + +; no papillae within spermathecal pore region of + +M. donganensis + +sp. nov. +, but paired papillae in +VII +of + +M. vulgaris agricola + +; no papillae within male pore region of + +M. donganensis + +sp. nov. +, while paired papillae on the inner side of male pore in + +M. vulgaris agricola + +; prostate glands well developed in +XVI +– +XXII +of + +M. donganensis + +sp. nov. +, nevertheless in +XVII +– +XX +with accessory glands invisible in + +M. vulgaris agricola + +; spermathecae ~ 3.2–8.0 mm long, ampulla heart- or rod-shaped, duct swollen, as long as ampulla of + +M. donganensis + +sp. nov. +, while spermathecae ~ +4.5 mm +long, ampulla pear-shaped, ampulla duct 1 / 2 of ampulla in + +M. vulgaris agricola + +; no accessory glands in + +M. donganensis + +sp. nov. +, while paired accessory glands in the +VIII +of + +M. vulgaris agricola + +(Table +4 +). + + + + + + +A comparison of characters of + +M. donganensis + +sp. nov. +and similar species of the + +Metaphire houlleti + +group. Abbreviations: sp, spermathecal pores, mp, male pores. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Character +M. donganensis + +M. vulgaris agricola + +M. tschiliensis lanzhouensis + +M. viridis + +M. ptychosiphona +M. sanmingensis
Body size (mm)72–159 * 4.6 – 7.0118 * 6.0245–310 * 6 – 7192–230 * 9.5 – 10196–295 * 6.0 – 9.055–113 * 4–5.5
Pigment dorsumPale brownEarthy yellowEarthy yellowDark greenGrey-brownPale brown to brown
Pigment ventrumPale brownEarthy yellowEarthy yellowPale greenGrey-brownNone
First dorsal pore12 / 1312 / 1312 / 1312 / 1311 / 1211 / 12, 12 / 13 or 13 / 14
Setae numbering20–34 / III, 28–58 / VIII, 52–66 / XX29 / III, 54 / VIII, 62 / XXV32–40 / III, 46–55 / VIII47 – 50 / III, 64–67 / VIII, 92–95 / XXV57 – 61 III, 64–79 / VIII, 87–117 / XX16 – 24 / III, 33–40 / VIII, 44–48 / XX
Setae number between sp17–21 (VIII)-16–24 (VIII)-28–34 (VIII)12 (VIII)
Setae number between mp8–13 (XVIII)-8–14 (XVIII)-15–27 (XVIII)8–9 (XVIII)
Ventral distance of sp1 / 3 C1 / 4 C1 / 3 C1 / 2 C2 / 5 C1 / 3 C
Papillae within sp regionNonePaired in VIINonePaired in VII, VIII, and IXNoneTwo in VII and VIII, or extra two paired in VIII
Ventral distance of mp1 / 3 C1 / 4 C1 / 3 C1 / 2 C1 / 3 C1 / 3 C
Papillae within mp regionNonePaired in the inner side of male poreOne in pouchesFour in pouchesNoneThree in the inner side of male pores, extra three in XVIII
Prostate glandsWell developedDevelopedUnderdeveloped with accessory glandDeveloped with accessory glandWell developedDeveloped
DiverticulumAs long as main pouch, terminal 1 / 2 dilated into zigzag fashionShorter, terminal 2 / 3 dilated into twisted zigzag fashionAs long as main pouch, terminal 2 / 3 dilated into zigzag fashionLonger, terminal 1 / 2 dilated into zigzag fashionShorter, terminal 0.6 dilated into zigzag fashionShorter, terminal dilated into rod-shaped seminal chamber
Accessory glandsNonePaired in VIIINonePaired in VII, VIII, and IXNoneInvisible
+ + +We compare the new species to + +Metaphire tschiliensis lanzhouensis +( +Feng, 1984 +) + +, which has three pairs of spermathecal pores in 6 / 7–8 / 9. They share several common characters in the first dorsal pore position, clitellum in XIV – +XVI +, setae number, the position of spermathecal pores, the position and characteristics of male pores, no papillae within spermathecal pore region, simple intestinal caeca, and the characteristics of the diverticulum. Quite the contrary, the new species is smaller than + +M. tschiliensis lanzhouensis + +. Beyond that, coloration is pale brown in + +M. donganensis + +sp. nov. +, earthy yellow in + +M. tschiliensis lanzhouensis + +; spermathecal pores are obvious in + +M. donganensis + +sp. nov. +, but inconspicuous in + +M. tschiliensis lanzhouensis + +; no papillae within male pore region of + +M. donganensis + +sp. nov. +, but one in pouch of + +M. tschiliensis lanzhouensis + +; prostate glands well developed in +XVI +– +XXII +of + +M. donganensis + +sp. nov. +, while underdeveloped in +XVII +– +XIX +with a large lumpy accessory gland in + +M. tschiliensis lanzhouensis + +; spermathecae ~ 3.2–8.0 mm long, ampulla heart- or rod-shaped of + +M. donganensis + +sp. nov. +, but spermathecae ~ +4 mm +long, ampulla spherical-shaped in + +M. tschiliensis lanzhouensis + +(Table +4 +). + + +Considering the three pairs of spermathecal pores in 6 / 7–8 / 9, we compared the new species with + +Metaphire viridis +Feng & Ma, 1987 + +. Both have first dorsal pores in 12 / 13, clitellum in XIV – +XVI +, the same position and characteristics of spermathecal pores, simple intestinal caeca, and the same characteristics of diverticulum. However, the new species differs from + +M. viridis + +in many respects. + +Metaphire donganensis + +sp. nov. +is smaller than + +M. viridis + +with pale brown coloration; setae number of + +M. donganensis + +sp. nov. +is less than + +M. viridis + +; the ventral distance of spermathecal pore and male pores are 1 / 3 C and 1 / 3 C in + +M. donganensis + +sp. nov. +, but 1 / 2 C and 1 / 2 C in + +M. viridis + +; no papillae within spermathecal pore region of + +M. donganensis + +sp. nov. +, while paired in +VII +, +VIII +, and +IX +of + +M. viridis + +; no papillae within male pore region of + +M. donganensis + +sp. nov. +, but four in pouches in + +M. viridis + +; prostate glands in +XVI +– +XXII +of + +M. donganensis + +sp. nov. +, while XV – +XX +or +XVII +– +XIX +with a lumpy accessory gland in + +M. viridis + +; no accessory glands in + +M. donganensis + +sp. nov. +, whereas paired in the +VII +, +VIII +and +IX +of + +M. viridis + +; spermathecae ~ 3.2–8.0 mm long, ampulla heart- or rod-shaped of + +M. donganensis + +sp. nov. +, nevertheless spermathecae ~ +4 mm +long, ampulla spherical- or oval-shaped in + +M. viridis + +; no accessory glands of + +M. donganensis + +sp. nov. +, while paired in +VII +, +VIII +, and +IX +of + +M. viridis + +(Table +4 +). + + +We also compare the new species with + +Metaphire ptychosiphona +Qiu & Zhong, 1993 + +on the basis of the position and characteristics of male pores, no papillae within spermathecal pore and male pore regions, simple intestinal caeca, and the same characteristics of the diverticulum. Nevertheless, the new species is smaller than + +M. ptychosiphona + +. In addition, pale brown in + +M. donganensis + +sp. nov. +, but grey brown in + +M. ptychosiphona + +; first dorsal pore in 12 / 13 of + +M. donganensis + +sp. nov. +, while in 11 / 12 of + +M. ptychosiphona + +; setae number of + +M. donganensis + +sp. nov. +less than + +M. ptychosiphona + +; the ventral distance of spermathecal pore is 1 / 3 C in + +M. donganensis + +sp. nov. +, but 2 / 5 C in + +M. ptychosiphona + +; spermathecal pores obvious in + +M. donganensis + +sp. nov. +, but inconspicuous in + +M. ptychosiphona + +; prostate glands in +XVI +– +XXII +of + +M. donganensis + +sp. nov. +, while +XVI +– +XVIII +or +XVII +– +XIX +in + +M. ptychosiphona + +; and spermathecae ~ 3.2–8.0 mm long, ampulla heart- or rod-shaped, duct swollen, as long as ampulla in + +M. donganensis + +sp. nov. +, nevertheless spermathecae shorter, ampulla rod-shaped, duct shorter than ampulla in + +M. ptychosiphona + +(Table +4 +). + + +The new species is also close to + +Metaphire sanmingensis + +Sun & Jiang, +2018 in + + +body size, clitellum in XIV – +XVI +, the position of spermathecal pores and male pores, simple intestinal caeca, prostate glands, and the characteristics of the ampulla and diverticulum. However, the new species is easily distinguished from + +M. sanmingensis + +in pigmentation, first dorsal pore position, setae number, papillae within spermathecal pore region, and the characteristics of male pores and papillae within male pore region (Table +4 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file