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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.98990" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-222-27" ID-Pensoft-UUID="1F52446F2D9752918DF7434226DD9C2B" ModsDocID="1314-2003-222-27" checkinTime="1679436439863" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Tiwutanon, Patsakorn, Chaiyasut, Kasidis, Lumbsch, H. Thorsten &amp; Kraichak, Ekaphan" docDate="2023" docId="3E5703D51DA35AAAA4930209F3590886" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 222: 27-47" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 222" docPubDate="2023-03-20" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.98990" docTitle="Leucobryum scalare Müll. Hal. ex M. Fleisch., Musci Buitenzorg 1: 143. 1904." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="1F52446F2D9752918DF7434226DD9C2B" lastPageNumber="27" masterDocId="1F52446F2D9752918DF7434226DD9C2B" masterDocTitle="Resurrection of Leucobryum scalare Muell. Hal. ex M. Fleisch. (Bryophyta, Leucobryaceae) based on phylogenetic and morphometric evidence" masterLastPageNumber="47" masterPageNumber="27" pageNumber="27" updateTime="1679436439863" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Resurrection of Leucobryum scalare Muell. Hal. ex M. Fleisch. (Bryophyta, Leucobryaceae) based on phylogenetic and morphometric evidence</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Tiwutanon, Patsakorn</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan Road, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Chaiyasut, Kasidis</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Science Division, Mahidol University International College, Mahidol University, 999 Salaya, Phutthamonthon, Nakhon Pathom 73170, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Lumbsch, H. Thorsten</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1512-835X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Science &amp; Education, The Field Museum, 1400 South Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois, USA</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Kraichak, Ekaphan</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8437-2180</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Kasetsart University, 50 Ngamwongwan Road, Chatuchak, Bangkok, 10900, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">ekraichak@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2023-03-20</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>222</mods:number>
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<mods:end>47</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.98990</mods:url>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.222.98990</mods:identifier>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3E5703D51DA35AAAA4930209F3590886" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3E5703D51DA35AAAA4930209F3590886" lastPageNumber="27" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
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<taxonomicName LSID="3E5703D5-1DA3-5AAA-A493-0209F3590886" authority="Muell. Hal. ex M. Fleisch., Musci Buitenzorg 1: 143. 1904." authorityName="Müll. Hal. ex M. Fleisch., Musci Buitenzorg 1: 143. 1904." class="Bryopsida" family="Leucobryaceae" genus="Leucobryum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Leucobryum scalare" order="Dicranales" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Bryophyta" rank="species" species="scalare">
Leucobryum scalare
<normalizedToken originalValue="Müll">Muell</normalizedToken>
.Hal. ex M.Fleisch., Musci Buitenzorg 1: 143. 1904.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Gametophyte variation of different populations of Leucobryum scalare Muell. Hal. ex M. Fleisch." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.222.98990.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/827600" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Figs 8</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Leaf shape and size variation of different populations of Leucobryum scalare Muell. Hal. ex M. leisch" figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.222.98990.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/827601" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">, 9</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName authorityName="A.Eddy" authorityYear="1990" baseAuthorityName="Muell.Hal. ex M.Fleisch." class="Bryopsida" family="Leucobryaceae" genus="Leucobryum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Leucobryum aduncum subsp. var. var. scalare" order="Dicranales" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Bryophyta" rank="variety" species="aduncum" subSpecies="var." variety="scalare">Leucobryum aduncum var. scalare</taxonomicName>
(
<normalizedToken originalValue="Müll">Muell</normalizedToken>
.Hal. ex M.Fleisch.) A.Eddy, Handb. Males. Mosses 2: 11. 1990, syn. nov.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2023-01-01" collectingDateMax="2023-12-31" collectingDateMin="2023-01-01" collectorName="W. Micholitz" country="Philippines" elevation="1524" location="Luzon" municipality="The" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Benguet" typeStatus="lectotype">
<collectingMunicipality>The</collectingMunicipality>
<collectingCountry name="Philippines">Philippines</collectingCountry>
.
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3E5703D51DA35AAAA4930209F3590886:E9F20D2A34017FBA0B33AA2112F29A7A" country="Philippines" municipality="The" name="Luzon" stateProvince="Benguet">Luzon</location>
,
<collectingRegion country="Philippines" name="Benguet">Benguet</collectingRegion>
:
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" unit="ft" value="5000.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" unit="ft" value="5000.0">5000 ft.</elevation>
</quantity>
alt.,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<collectorName>W. Micholitz</collectorName>
173
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus>lectotype</typeStatus>
, designated by
<bibRefCitation author="Yamaguchi, T" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of the Hattori Botanical Laboratory" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" pagination="1 - 123" refId="B46" refString="Yamaguchi, T, 1993. Revision of the genus Leucobryum in Asia. The Journal of the Hattori Botanical Laboratory 73: 1 - 123" title="Revision of the genus Leucobryum in Asia." volume="73" year="1993">Yamaguchi 1993</bibRefCitation>
, pg. 33: FH! [00290301])
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dixon" authorityYear="1932" class="Bryopsida" family="Leucobryaceae" genus="Leucobryum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Leucobryum perichaetiale" order="Dicranales" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Bryophyta" rank="species" species="perichaetiale">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Leucobryum perichaetiale</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1914-09-06" collectorName="Dixon, J." country="Thailand" county="Doi Suthep" elevation="1500" location="Type" municipality="Northern" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectorName>Dixon, J.</collectorName>
Siam Soc., Nat. Hist. Suppl. 9(1): 11. 1932.
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3E5703D51DA35AAAA4930209F3590886:E1BFD9618C4D84FA9A7CA4C4808EDEDF" country="Thailand" county="Doi Suthep" municipality="Northern" name="Type">Type</location>
:
<collectingCountry name="Thailand">Thailand</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingMunicipality>Northern</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectingCounty>Doi Suthep</collectingCounty>
, ca.
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="m" value="1500.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="m" value="1500.0">1500 m</elevation>
</quantity>
alt.,
<collectingDate value="1914-09-06">6 Sept. 1914</collectingDate>
.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Kerr s.n.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">in herb. Dixon</emphasis>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">ref. no. 8</emphasis>
) (
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
: BM [BM000866895])
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Dixon ex A.Johnson" authorityYear="1964" class="Bryopsida" family="Leucobryaceae" genus="Leucobryum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Leucobryum microleucophanoides" order="Dicranales" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Bryophyta" rank="species" species="microleucophanoides">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Leucobryum microleucophanoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1940-04-24" collectorName="A. Johnson" country="Singapore" location="Kedah" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kedah" typeStatus="holotype">
Dixon ex
<collectorName>A. Johnson</collectorName>
, Gard. Bull.
<collectingCountry name="Singapore">Singapore</collectingCountry>
20: 333. f. 9: m, 12. 1964. Type: Peninsular
<collectingCountry name="Malaysia">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion country="Malaysia" name="Kedah">Kedah</collectingRegion>
, Inchang Estate, on the decaying trunk,
<collectingDate value="1940-04-24">24 Apr. 1940</collectingDate>
.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Spare s.n.</emphasis>
(
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">in herb. Dixon</emphasis>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">ref. no. 2941</emphasis>
) (
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
: BM [BM000866907])
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Gametophytes usually form a small compact cushion, 0.5-3.3 cm long with leaves, yellowish green to whitish green, and brown to dark brown when dry. Stems erect, with many short branches, usually very dense; central strand absent in cross-section of stems. Leaves spiral and closely imbricate, forming a conical point at shoot apex when dry, 1.4-3.4 mm long, 0.4-0.9 mm wide, lanceolate to narrowly lanceolate, gradually or abruptly narrowed to subtubulous point from oblong to ovate base, cuneate, margin entire, acute at the apex, undulate and spinosely prorate on abaxial surface, sometimes undulate and papillosely prorate; laminae consisting 1-3 rows, lamina cells quadrate to rectangular, thin-walled; borders consisting 1-3 rows, border cells linear to narrowly fusiform, thin-walled; in cross-section of leaf base hyalocytes in 1-2 rows on the adaxial side and 2-3 rows on abaxial side, if 3 rows, usually 2 large rows and 1 small row; adaxial and abaxial side of median leaves consisting 1 row. Dioicous. Perichaetia terminal on short or long lateral branches; perichaetial leaves around sporophytes longer than ordinary leaves, ovate to lanceolate, abruptly slender to the point, cucullate, acuminate at apex. Sporophytes dicranoid. Setae elongate, erect, 1.5-1.7 cm long. Capsules subglobose to ovoid, inclined, 1.0-1.5 mm long, 0.4-0.5 mm diameter; opercula long rostrate; peristomes dicranoid. Calyptra cucullate.</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.222.98990.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/827600" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" start="Figure 8" startId="F8">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Figure 8.</emphasis>
Gametophyte variation of different populations of
<taxonomicName class="Bryopsida" family="Leucobryaceae" genus="Leucobryum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Leucobryum scalare" order="Dicranales" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Bryophyta" rank="species" species="scalare">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Leucobryum scalare</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Müll">Muell</normalizedToken>
.Hal. ex M.Fleisch.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption doi="10.3897/phytokeys.222.98990.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/827601" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" start="Figure 9" startId="F9">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Figure 9.</emphasis>
Leaf shape and size variation of different populations of
<taxonomicName class="Bryopsida" family="Leucobryaceae" genus="Leucobryum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Leucobryum scalare" order="Dicranales" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Bryophyta" rank="species" species="scalare">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Leucobryum scalare</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Müll">Muell</normalizedToken>
.Hal. ex M. leisch
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="habitat">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Usually found in more open sites, on logs, tree trunks, tree bases, branches, and rocks.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
Mainland China, India, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, Peninsular Malaysia, Philippines, Borneo, Sumatra, Java, Seram, New Guinea, and New Caledonia (Yamaguchi 1992;
<bibRefCitation author="He, S" journalOrPublisher="International Journal of Plant Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" publicationUrl="http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/moss/Thailand/format.shtml" refId="B18" refString="He, S, 1995. An annotated checklist and atlas of the mosses of Thailand. http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/moss/Thailand/format.shtml" title="An annotated checklist and atlas of the mosses of Thailand." url="http://www.mobot.org/MOBOT/moss/Thailand/format.shtml" year="1995">He 1995</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="illustrations">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Illustrations.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<bibRefCitation author="Eddy, A" editor="Eddy, A" journalOrPublisher="2). British Museum (Natural History)" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" pagination="4 - 21" refId="B9" refString="Eddy, A, 1990. Leucobryaceae. In: Eddy, A, Ed., A Handbook of Malesian Mosses (Vol. 2). British Museum (Natural History): 4 - 21" title="Leucobryaceae." volumeTitle="A Handbook of Malesian Mosses (Vol." year="1990">Eddy 1990</bibRefCitation>
(fig. 170A-E);
<bibRefCitation author="Yamaguchi, T" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of the Hattori Botanical Laboratory" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" pagination="1 - 123" refId="B46" refString="Yamaguchi, T, 1993. Revision of the genus Leucobryum in Asia. The Journal of the Hattori Botanical Laboratory 73: 1 - 123" title="Revision of the genus Leucobryum in Asia." volume="73" year="1993">Yamaguchi 1993</bibRefCitation>
(Pls. XIX, 1-28; XX, 1-11; XXI, 1-15; XXII, 1-26).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="27" type="key to the species">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Key to the species</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<table inLine="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">1</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">Gametophytes small to medium-sized, usually forming tufts, less branched, usually several branching in small gametophytes. Leaves falcate-secund, sometimes slightly erect, not forming a conical point at the shoot apex when dry</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Bryopsida" family="Leucobryaceae" genus="Leucobryum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Leucobryum aduncum" order="Dicranales" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Bryophyta" rank="species" species="aduncum">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Leucobryum aduncum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
<tr pageId="0" pageNumber="27">
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">-</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">Gametophytes small sized, usually forming a compact cushion, with many short branches, usually very dense. Leaves erect, sometimes falcate-secund when close to the substrate, arranged in spiral and closely imbricate, forming a conical point at shoot apex when dry</td>
<td colspan="1" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName class="Bryopsida" family="Leucobryaceae" genus="Leucobryum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Leucobryum scalare" order="Dicranales" pageId="0" pageNumber="27" phylum="Bryophyta" rank="species" species="scalare">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="27">Leucobryum scalare</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</subSection>
</document>

126
data/3E/57/37/3E5737D57DFAAB72CABA0B31E3C700EB.xml Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,126 @@
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.147.2072" ID-GBIF-Dataset="c8ca7111-16ae-4fbe-b332-d64dfe9a3d75" ID-PMC="PMC3286257" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-147-425" ID-PubMed="22371671" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2011" ModsDocID="1313-2970-147-425" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 147" ModsDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of the New World genus Oropodes Casey (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae)" checkinTime="1451249654989" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Chandler, Donald S. &amp; Caterino, Michael S." docDate="2011" docId="3E5737D57DFAAB72CABA0B31E3C700EB" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 147: 425-477" docOrigin="ZooKeys 147" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.147.2072" docTitle="Oropodes chumash Chandler &amp; Caterino, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="450" masterDocId="D002601EFFC6FF8CFFC9FFE9FF91B35F" masterDocTitle="A taxonomic revision of the New World genus Oropodes Casey (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Pselaphinae)" masterLastPageNumber="477" masterPageNumber="425" pageNumber="448" updateTime="1668152677205" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Chandler, Donald S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
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<mods:number>147</mods:number>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152032076" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:445E8A8E-7F4C-49FB-82AA-13991B6B8EC4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3E5737D57DFAAB72CABA0B31E3C700EB" lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="450" pageId="23" pageNumber="448">
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12.
<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:445E8A8E-7F4C-49FB-82AA-13991B6B8EC4" authority="Chandler &amp; Caterino" class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Oropodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oropodes chumash" order="Coleoptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="448" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chumash">Oropodes chumash Chandler &amp; Caterino</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="23" pageNumber="448">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Fig. 11325Map 3
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="23" pageNumber="448" type="specimens examined">
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="448">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="448">
84: HOLOTYPE male:California, Santa Barbara Co., Arroyo Hondo Preserve, 25 mi W Santa Barbara,
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="34.4839">34.4839°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-120.1424">120.1424°W</geoCoordinate>
, IV-16/28-2003, M. Caterino, FIT (SBMN; CBP0008565). PARATYPES: Santa Barbara Co.: Arroyo Hondo Preserve, 25 mi W Santa Barbara, IV-24/29-2002 (1M, 7F), IV-29/V-6-2002, FIT(1M, 5F), V-13/20-2002 (1M, 3F), V-20/27-2002 (1M), VI-3/12-2002 (1M), XI-11/27-2002 (1M), III-19/IV-2-2003 (1M), IV-2/16-2003 (1M), IV-16/28-2003 (1M, 1F), V-7/21-2003 (1F), V-21/28-2003 (1M), VI-11/VII-2-2003 (1F), M. Caterino, FIT; same data except, IV-29/V-6-2002, carrion pitfall (1) (topotypical paratypes in SBMN, LACM, CASC, UCDC, EMUS). UC Sedgwick Reserve, V-2/14-2005 (5M, 1F), V-14/29-2005 (2M), VI-12/26-2005 (2M), M. Caterino, FIT; same data except, V-13-2005 (5M, 3F), at light (all SBMN); Los Padres National Forest, Sunset Valley, V-1-2004, M. Caterino, at light (1F, SBMN). Los Angeles Co.: Santa Monica Mountains NRA, Rocky Oaks, IV-19-2009, M.S. Caterino &amp; K.J. Hopp, at light (13M, 21F, DSC and SBMN). Pasadena, A. Fenyes Collection (1F, UCDC).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="449" pageId="23" pageNumber="448" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="448">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="23" pageNumber="448">Length 1.84-2.08. Body orange-brown. Eyes with 50-60 facets, female eyes appearing slightly smaller than those of males. Antennomeres V and VII slightly larger than those adjacent, V-VIII obconical, IX smaller than X. Abdomen with carinae of first ventrite extending from posteromesal margin of metacoxal cavities posteriorly to ventrite apex.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="449" pageId="23" pageNumber="448">
Males: Metasternum with broad median longitudinal sulcus to near apex. Legs (Fig. 13B) profemora with low tubercle on mesal margin near base; protibiae with slight preapical angulation on mesal margin; mesotibiae with widely separated sharp preapical and blunt apical tubercles on mesal margin; metatibiae with long apical spur on mesal margin. Abdomen (Figs 13C, 25) with second ventrite bearing two broad teeth at apex, teeth 0.2 apart at centers, semicircular area anterior to teeth on ventrite 1 deeply impressed and glabrous; third ventrite 0.62 wide, broadly impressed in middle third anterior to wide transverse lamina near center of ventrite, lamina 0.24 wide, apex of lamina broadly concave, lamina curves at base to about 25°, transversely oval impression anterior to lamina with row of thickened setae across middle, lateral margins of impressed area carinate, area posterior to lamina with dense short setae; fourth ventrite shallowly concave at middle third; fifth ventrite obscurely flattened at middle third; sixth ventrite (Fig. 13D) briefly flattened at middle, setose area sharply constricted at middle. Aedeagus (Fig. 13A) 0.36 long; right paramere longest, broad apex
<pageBreakToken pageId="24" pageNumber="449" start="start">sinuate</pageBreakToken>
, left paramere much smaller, bluntly rounded at apex; internal sac with single elongate blunt spine, spine sinuate in lateral view.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="449">Females: Metasternum with thin and faint median longitudinal sulcus through most of length. Fifth tergite with setose area convex. Sixth ventrite (Fig. 13F) with setose area usually divided by projection from anterior margin, closure complete to slightly interrupted, projection protruding posteriorly. Genitalia (Fig. 13E) symmetrical or nearly so, with two irregular narrow sclerotized rods in large membranous subrectangular median lobe.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="450" pageId="24" pageNumber="449" type="collection notes">
<paragraph pageId="24" pageNumber="449">Collection notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="25" lastPageNumber="450" pageId="24" pageNumber="449">
Most of the specimens were taken in flight intercept traps set in coastal semiriparian woodland. Trapping localities were dominated by bay (
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Umbellularia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Umbellularia" order="Laurales" pageId="24" pageNumber="449" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Umbellularia</taxonomicName>
) and live oak (
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus agrifolia" order="Fagales" pageId="24" pageNumber="449" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="agrifolia">Quercus agrifolia</taxonomicName>
), with a nearby gallery forest of sycamore (
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Platanaceae" genus="Platanus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Platanus" order="Proteales" pageId="24" pageNumber="449" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Platanus</taxonomicName>
), alder (
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Alnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Alnus" order="Fagales" pageId="24" pageNumber="449" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Alnus</taxonomicName>
), and willow (
<taxonomicName class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Salix" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="24" pageNumber="449" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">Salix</taxonomicName>
). A few specimens were collected in drier,
<pageBreakToken pageId="25" pageNumber="450" start="start">upland</pageBreakToken>
oak woodland and chaparral (xeric shrubland dominated by
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Ceanothus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ceanothus" order="Rosales" pageId="25" pageNumber="450" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Ceanothus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Rhus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rhus" order="Sapindales" pageId="25" pageNumber="450" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Rhus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rhamnaceae" genus="Rhamnus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Rhamnus" order="Rosales" pageId="25" pageNumber="450" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Rhamnus</taxonomicName>
, and other
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fagaceae" genus="Quercus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Quercus" order="Fagales" pageId="25" pageNumber="450" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Quercus</taxonomicName>
spp.) and at ultraviolet light. Adults were active from March to July, with one record from November.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="450" type="geographical distribution">
<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="450">Geographical distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="450">(Map 3): Found in the western and central portions of the Transverse Ranges from the San Rafael Mountains north of Santa Barbara to the San Gabriel Mountain near Pasadena.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="450" type="comparisons and diagnostic notes">
<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="450">Comparisons and diagnostic notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="450">
Placed as a member of the raffrayi-group, and most similar to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Oropodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oropodes aalbui" order="Coleoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="450" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aalbui">Oropodes aalbui</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Oropodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oropodes casson" order="Coleoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="450" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="casson">Oropodes casson</taxonomicName>
in sharing the median position of the lamina of the third ventrite and the blunt or rounded apical projections of the second ventrite. The armature of all the tibiae is different from both of these species: the protibiae are not obviously medially angulate, the mesotibiae have widely separated apical and preapical tubercles, and the metatibiae have a long apical spur. The lamina of the third ventrite is similarly reflexed (at about 25°) as that of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Oropodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oropodes aalbui" order="Coleoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="450" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="aalbui">Oropodes aalbui</taxonomicName>
but appearing much wider. The male sixth ventrite is constricted medially versus even in width for the other two species, and the armature of the internal sac lacks any apical spines. Of the three species discussed here,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Oropodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oropodes chumash" order="Coleoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="450" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chumash">Oropodes chumash</taxonomicName>
is the only one with associated females.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="25" pageNumber="450" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="450">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="450">The specific epithet, treated as a Latin singular noun in apposition, nominative case, is based on the tribal name of the Chumash Indians, who originally lived in the area where the specimens of this species were taken.</paragraph>
<caption pageId="25" pageNumber="450">
<paragraph pageId="25" pageNumber="450">
Figure 13.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Staphylinidae" genus="Oropodes" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oropodes chumash" order="Coleoptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="450" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="chumash">Oropodes chumash</taxonomicName>
A Dorsal and right lateral view of male genitalia B Posterior view of right male profemur and protibia, mesotibia, and metatibia C Ventral view of male third ventrite D Ventral view of male sixth ventrite E Dorsal view of female genitalia F Dorsal view of female fifth ventrite. Scale line equals 0.1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
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[
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<paragraph pageNumber="732">V. testa fusiformi angulata, angulis anticis subspinosis.</paragraph>
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<emphasis italics="true">Bonan. recr.</emphasis>
3.
<emphasis italics="true">t.</emphasis>
65.
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<paragraph pageNumber="732">
<emphasis italics="true">Rumph. mus. t.</emphasis>
29.
<emphasis italics="true">f. S.</emphasis>
Turricula plicata.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageNumber="732">
<emphasis italics="true">Gvalt. test. t.</emphasis>
54.
<emphasis italics="true">f. F.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageNumber="732">
<emphasis italics="true">Argenv. conch. t.</emphasis>
12.
<emphasis italics="true">f. Q.</emphasis>
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<emphasis italics="true">Habitat in</emphasis>
O. Asiatico.
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