plazi/treatments-xml
2
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Releases Activity

added 22

Browse source
This commit is contained in:
maintenance 2024-06-21 12:31:24 +02:00
parent 29c63c90d1
commit 7b11599785
2111 changed files with 399117 additions and 0 deletions
Download patch file Download diff file Expand all files Collapse all files

223
data/22/D8/72/22D872A527DC9E116C14D27D1767D9DF.xml Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,223 @@
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e11760" ID-PMC="PMC5345105" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2828--11760" ID-PubMed="28325987" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1314-2828--e11760" ModsDocOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal " ModsDocTitle="New and poorly known Palaearctic fungus gnats (Diptera, Sciaroidea)" checkinTime="1585357168357" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Salmela, Jukka &amp; Kolcsar, Levente-Peter" docDate="2017" docId="22D872A527DC9E116C14D27D1767D9DF" docLanguage="en" docName="BiodivDatJour 5: e11760" docOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 5" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e11760" docTitle="Orfelia boreoalpina Salmela, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="11760" masterDocId="FFAAFFE5FFD9FFAEFF9E1D3EFFCDEB40" masterDocTitle="New and poorly known Palaearctic fungus gnats (Diptera, Sciaroidea)" masterLastPageNumber="11760" masterPageNumber="11760" pageNumber="11760" updateTime="1668124059908" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>New and poorly known Palaearctic fungus gnats (Diptera, Sciaroidea)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Salmela, Jukka</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Kolcsar, Levente-Peter</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Biodiversity Data Journal</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>5</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>11760</mods:start>
<mods:end>11760</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e11760</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.5.e11760</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2828--11760</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:22D872A527DC9E116C14D27D1767D9DF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/22D872A527DC9E116C14D27D1767D9DF" lastPageNumber="11760" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">
<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:B5A81F63-3F71-4A8F-B23B-ADF5CA4211D3" authority="Salmela" class="Insecta" family="Keroplatidae" genus="Orfelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orfelia boreoalpina" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="boreoalpina">Orfelia boreoalpina Salmela</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Materials</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2014-07-08" collectionCode="ZMUT" collectorName="M. Maekilae" country="Finland" latitude="67.823" location="Toermaeoja Conservation Area" longitude="29.439" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" specimenCode="DIPT-JS- 2014 - 0233" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="Holotype">
Type status:
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Holotype</typeStatus>
. Occurrence: catalogNumber:
<specimenCode pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">DIPT-JS-2014-0233</specimenCode>
; recordedBy:
<collectorName pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">
M.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Mäkilä">Maekilae</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
; individualCount:
<specimenCount pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">1</specimenCount>
; sex:
<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">M</specimenType>
; lifeStage:
<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">adult</specimenType>
; Taxon: phylum: Arthropoda; class: Insecta; order: Diptera; Location: country:
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Finland</collectingCountry>
; stateProvince: Lapponia kemensis pars orientalis; municipality: Savukoski; locality:
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:22D872A527DC9E116C14D27D1767D9DF:4A706A18BB9E37367D5573467557A1CF" country="Finland" latitude="67.823" longitude="29.439" name="Toermaeoja Conservation Area" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Törmäoja">Toermaeoja</normalizedToken>
Conservation Area
</location>
; decimalLatitude:
<geoCoordinate orientation="latitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" value="67.823">67.823</geoCoordinate>
; decimalLongitude:
<geoCoordinate orientation="longitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" value="29.439">29.439</geoCoordinate>
; Identification: identifiedBy:
<determinerName pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Jukka E. Salmela</determinerName>
; Event: eventDate:
<collectingDate pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" value="2014-07-08">2014-08-07</collectingDate>
; Record Level: institutionCode:
<collectionCode pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">ZMUT</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2012-09-13" collectionCode="ZSM" collectorName="G. Sellmayer" country="Germany" latitude="48.9509" location="Nationalpark Bayerischer Wald, 11.3 km N of Grafenau" longitude="13.422" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" specimenCode="BIOUG 08366 - D 12" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="Paratype">
Type status:
<typeStatus pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Paratype</typeStatus>
. Occurrence: catalogNumber:
<specimenCode pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">BIOUG08366-D12</specimenCode>
; recordNumber: bayw.17; recordedBy:
<collectorName pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">G. Sellmayer</collectorName>
; individualCount:
<specimenCount pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">1</specimenCount>
; sex:
<specimenType pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">female</specimenType>
; Location: country:
<collectingCountry pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Germany</collectingCountry>
; stateProvince: Bavaria; locality:
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:22D872A527DC9E116C14D27D1767D9DF:773ED1A74F447D1728FE83D2B05D2707" country="Germany" latitude="48.9509" longitude="13.422" name="Nationalpark Bayerischer Wald, 11.3 km N of Grafenau" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Nationalpark Bayerischer Wald, 11.3 km N of Grafenau</location>
; decimalLatitude:
<geoCoordinate orientation="latitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" value="48.9509">48.9509</geoCoordinate>
; decimalLongitude:
<geoCoordinate orientation="longitude" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" value="13.422">13.422</geoCoordinate>
; Event: eventDate:
<collectingDate value="2012-09-13">2012-09-13</collectingDate>
/22; Record Level: institutionCode:
<collectionCode pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">ZSM</collectionCode>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Description</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Male. Head bicolored, vertex with a triangular dark area, laterally yellowish brown (Fig. 1a, b, c). Three ocelli in shallow triangular arrangement, median ocellus smaller than laterals. Vertex covered by short black setae. Clypeus short, yellowish brown. Palpi pale, bearing both light and dark setae. Length ratio of palpal segments 3-5: 3:4=1.2, 4:5=0.67. Penultimate segment 2.25 times as long as wide, last segment 3.86 times as long as wide. Antennae dark brown, flagellomeres bearing dark sensilla that are shorter than width of respective flagellomere. First flagellomere widest apically, its length:width ratio 1.26 (width measured from the apex of the flagellomere). Other flagellomeres quadratic, slightly shorter than wide, except apical one that is elongated and bearing apical papilla; length:width ratios of fourth and last flagellomeres 0.9 and 1.91, respectively (Fig. 1b).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Scutum yellowish with three longitudinal brown stripes; median stripe consisting of two stripes that are largely merged, a narrow anterior gap between the stripes is present (Fig. 1b, c). Dark setae on scutum are present. Pleural sclerites of thorax light brown in colour, all bare except scutellum that has a dense row of setae along posterior margin. Halter light brown with dark setae.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">
Wings yellowish, with a faint subapical dark band extending from C to M2. Veins dark brown except
<normalizedToken originalValue="bm–cu">bm-cu</normalizedToken>
and bRs that are lighter. Veins R1 and bCuA with dorsal setae, R5 setose both ventrally and dorsally. Sc ending in C before bRs. R4 very short, about 0.12 times longer than apical portion of R5. Wing length 4.1 mm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Coxae yellowish brown - brown, bearing short dark setae, legs yellowish. Ratio of femur to tibia for fore, mid and hind legs: 0.79, 0.68, 0.63. Ratio of tibia to basitarsus for fore, mid and hind legs: 1.67, 1.0, 1.0. Anterior spur of mid-tarsus about 0.5 times longer than posterior spur.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Abdominal tergites and sternites brown, bearing dark setae. Hypopygium brown. 9th tergite widest medially, apex rounded. Gonocoxites dorsally with an outgrowth, bearing a few long apical setae and having a mesial protrusion (Fig. 2a). Cerci prominent, club-like, apically setose, extending to the level of apices of gonostyli (Fig. 2a). Ventral lobe of gonostylus curved, its apical half mostly bare (Fig. 2a, b). Dorsal lobe of gonostylus elongated, pointed in dorsal view, bearing two black subapical long setae (Fig. 2a, b). Aedeagus curved ventrad in lateral view, apex blunt and medially widest in dorsal view (Fig. 2a, b, d). Parameres rod-like, apically dentate (Fig. 2c).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Female.The paratype female is lacking all legs except right fore leg and right hind femur. The specimen is slightly paler than the holotype male. The specimen may be somewhat teneral or it has bleached in the Malaise trap or later in the ethanol. Otherwise the specimen is very similar to the holotype. Antennal flagellomeres, except first and last, are wider than long (length:width ratio of 4th segment is 0.78). Cerci short, apically truncated, gonocoxite 8 short and rounded. Wing length 3.9 mm.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Diagnosis</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">
The new species is characterised by the short and dark antennae, a yellow scutum with contrasting scutellar stripes, brown pleural sclerites of the thorax, brown, unicolorous abdomen and a short R4 vein. The dorsal lobe of gonostylus is strongly curved. The ventral lobe of gonostylus has only two black apical setae, while
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. nigricornis" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" rank="species" species="nigricornis">O. nigricornis</taxonomicName>
(Fabricius) and
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. subnigricornis" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" rank="species" species="subnigricornis">O. subnigricornis</taxonomicName>
Zaitzev &amp; Menzel have a bunch of setae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Etymology</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">The name of the new species refers to its putative boreo-alpine, disjunct range in Europe. The name is a noun in apposition.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">
The new species has been observed from eastern Finnish Lapland, the north boreal ecoregion, and from Germany, Bavaria (see
<bibRefCitation author="Geiger, Matthias" journalOrPublisher="Biodiversity Data Journal" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" pagination=": e 10671" title="Testing the Global Malaise Trap Program - How well does the current barcode reference library identify flying insects in Germany?" volume="4" year="2016">Geiger et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
). It is likely that
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. boreoalpina" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" rank="species" species="boreoalpina">O. boreoalpina</taxonomicName>
sp.n. has a disjunct European range, having populations in the northern Fennoscandia and the Central European mountains (Fig. 3).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" type="ecology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Ecology</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">
The Finnish sampling site was a herb-rich meadow, harbouring vascular plants such as
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Polygonaceae" genus="Bistorta" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Bistorta vivipara" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vivipara">Bistorta vivipara</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ranunculaceae" genus="Trollius" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Trollius europaeus" order="Ranunculales" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="europaeus">Trollius europaeus</taxonomicName>
, and is probably flooded during snowmelt in spring. The meadow is surrounded by pine (
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Pinus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Pinus sylvestris" order="Pinales" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sylvestris">Pinus sylvestris</taxonomicName>
) dominated boreal forest. Bavarian site is a conifer-dominated mountain forest (
<bibRefCitation author="Geiger, Matthias" journalOrPublisher="Biodiversity Data Journal" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" pagination=": e 10671" title="Testing the Global Malaise Trap Program - How well does the current barcode reference library identify flying insects in Germany?" volume="4" year="2016">Geiger et al. 2016</bibRefCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" type="taxon discussion">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Taxon discussion</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">
The new species is rather distant to all other Holarctic species, but it may be closest to
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. nigricornis" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" rank="species" species="nigricornis">O. nigricornis</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. subnigricornis" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" rank="species" species="subnigricornis">O. subnigricornis</taxonomicName>
(see below). If using the key provided by
<bibRefCitation author="Hutson, A. M." journalOrPublisher="Royal Entomological Society of London" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" title="Mycetophilidae (Bolitophilinae, Ditiomyiinae, Diadocidiinae, Keroplatinae, Sciophilinae and Manotinae). Diptera, Nematocera. Handbooks for Identification of British Insects" year="1980">Hutson et al. 1980</bibRefCitation>
, (species known from Great Britain), the species should either have a largely black or orange thorax, including the pleura, but
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. boreoalpina" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" rank="species" species="boreoalpina">O. boreoalpina</taxonomicName>
sp.n. has an orange scutum and brown pleura, thus dropping out already in the first couplet. In the key provided by
<bibRefCitation author="Zaitzev, A. I." journalOrPublisher="Nauka, Moscow" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" title="Fungus gnats of the fauna of Russia and adjacent regions. Part 1" year="1994">Zaitzev 1994</bibRefCitation>
(Russian species), the new species keys in the first couplet (mesonotum yellow with broad longitudinal stripes). In the couplets 2-5 there are three options, and the new species comes closest to
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. nigricornis" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" rank="species" species="nigricornis">O. nigricornis</taxonomicName>
, that has elongated palpal segments and one pointed outgrowth on the dorsal side of gonocoxites.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Keroplatidae" genus="Orfelia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orfelia nigricornis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigricornis">Orfelia nigricornis</taxonomicName>
, however, has a tuft of setae on the apex of dorsal lobe of the gonostylus while
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. boreoalpina" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" rank="species" species="boreoalpina">O. boreoalpina</taxonomicName>
has only two dark setae. Other more or less similar species are 1)
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. subnigricornis" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" rank="species" species="subnigricornis">O. subnigricornis</taxonomicName>
, that is characterized by the yellow scape and pedicel and median flagellomeres that are 1.4 times longer than wide (
<bibRefCitation author="Zaitzev, A. I." journalOrPublisher="Beitraege zur Entomologie" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" pagination="159 - 167" title="New data on the fungus gnats from the Russian Far East (Diptera: Sciaroidea)" volume="46" year="1996">Zaitzev and Menzel 1996</bibRefCitation>
) (scape and pedicel dark and median flagellomeres about as long as wide in
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. boreoalpina" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" rank="species" species="boreoalpina">O. boreoalpina</taxonomicName>
sp.n.; in addition dorsal lobe of the gonostylus in
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. subnigricornis" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" rank="species" species="subnigricornis">O. subnigricornis</taxonomicName>
has a tuft of setae, only two setae are present in the new species), 2)
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. sachalinensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" rank="species" species="sachalinensis">O. sachalinensis</taxonomicName>
(Matsumura) has a yellow abdomen and indistinct scutal stripes (see
<bibRefCitation author="Okada, I." journalOrPublisher="Insecta Matsumurana" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" pagination="17 - 32" title="Beitrag zur Kenntnis der Ceroplatinen-Fauna Japans (Diptera, Fungivoridae)" volume="13" year="1938">Okada 1938</bibRefCitation>
, as
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Keroplatidae" genus="Zelmira" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zelmira sachalinensis" order="Diptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sachalinensis">Zelmira sachalinensis</taxonomicName>
) (
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. boreoalpina" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" rank="species" species="boreoalpina">O. boreoalpina</taxonomicName>
sp.n. has a brown abdomen and strong scutal stripes) and 3)
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. minima" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" rank="species" species="minima">O. minima</taxonomicName>
(Giglio-Tos) that has a yellowish scape, pedicel and a yellowish abdomen (
<bibRefCitation author="Giglio-Tos, E." journalOrPublisher="Bollettino dei Musei di Zoologia ed Anatomia Comparata della Regia Universita di Torino" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" pagination="1 - 4" title="Nuove specie di Ditteri del Muzeo Zoologico di Torino" volume="5" year="1890">Giglio-Tos 1890</bibRefCitation>
) (all dark in
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. boreoalpina" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" rank="species" species="boreoalpina">O. boreoalpina</taxonomicName>
sp.n.).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" type="dna barcoding">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">DNA barcoding</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">Holotype male: BOLD Sample ID: DIPT-JS-2014-0233. BOLD Process ID: SCFI064-15. GenBank accession number: KY062990.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">AACATTATATTTTATTTTAGGGACATGGTCAGGAATACTAGGAACATCAATAAGAATTTTAATTCGAGCAGAATTAGGATATCCGGGAGCATTAATTGGAAACGACCAAATTTATAATGTTGTAGTCACAGCTCATGCTTTTGTAATAATTTTTTTTATAGTTATACCTACTATAATTGGAGGTTTCGGAAATTGATTAGTACCTTTAATATTAGGGGCCCCAGATATGGCTTTTCCTCGAATAAATAACATAAGATTTTGACTTCTCCCTCCTTCACTTTCTTTACTATTAATAAGAAGAATAGTAGAAAGTGGTTCTGGAACAGGATGAACTGTATATCCTCCCCTATCTTCTACTTTATCTCATTCTGGTAGATCAGTTGACTTAACTATTTTTTCTCTTCATTTAGCAGGAATTTCTTCAATTCTTGGGGCAGTCAATTTTATTACTACAATTATCAACATACGATCACCTGGGATAAACATAGACATAATACCTTTATTTGTATGATCAGTTTTTATTACAGCCATTCTTCTTCTTTTATCATTACCTGTACTAGCGGGAGCAATTACAATACTTTTAACAGATCGTAATTTAAATACATCATTTTTTGATCCAGCAGGTGGGGGTGACCCAATTCTATATCAACATTTATTT</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="11760">
The DNA barcode of the paratype specimen is almost identical to the holotype, their similarity is 99.54 %. The type specimens belong to the same BIN (BOLD:ACJ7389) shared by no other members. The nearest specimens are rather distant: 97 closest sequences have similarity values between 88.25 and 86.35, being assigned to
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. nemoralis" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" rank="species" species="nemoralis">O. nemoralis</taxonomicName>
(Meigen) (54 specimens),
<taxonomicName lsidName="O. nigricornis" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" rank="species" species="nigricornis">O. nigricornis</taxonomicName>
(2),
<taxonomicName family="Keroplatidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" rank="family">Keroplatidae</taxonomicName>
(40) and
<taxonomicName family="Mycetophilidae" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="11760" rank="family">Mycetophilidae</taxonomicName>
(1). DNA barcode and associated data of the paratype is available from the BOLD Public data portal.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

127
data/22/D8/F3/22D8F3FBC55CCA6042B8CEB19E2E2C2B.xml Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,127 @@
<document id="65A1D500FBCA7C4A08BBB23AD4E907BC" ENCODING="UTF-8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0d35d18b-3ccf-4271-a6cd-51df06adc470" ModsDocID="13137" checkinTime="1243371917804" checkinUser="christiana" docAuthor="Snelling, R. R. &amp; Longino, J. T." docDate="1992" docId="22D8F3FBC55CCA6042B8CEB19E2E2C2B" docLanguage="en" docName="13137" docOrigin="Insects of Panama and Mesoamerica: selected studies., Oxford: Oxford University Press" docSource="http://osuc.biosci.ohio-state.edu/HymOnline/reference-full.html?id=13137" docTitle="Cyphomyrmex bicarinatus Snelling &amp; Longino, 1992, new species" docType="treatment" docVersion="12" lastPageNumber="493" masterDocId="5C58E6D48FA736A0E32B712BD406A5CC" masterDocTitle="Revisionary notes on the fungus-growing ants of the genus Cyphomyrmex, rimosus-group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Attini)." masterLastPageNumber="494" masterPageNumber="479" pageNumber="492" updateTime="1701311060761" updateUser="plazi">
<mods:mods id="48E5DD02421A21CA8F8DAA3256F5DC06" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="401562155FF21079581C27FE2801711A">
<mods:title id="A0B97C0728F7D4B05EC27A5C22921C8A">Revisionary notes on the fungus-growing ants of the genus Cyphomyrmex, rimosus-group (Hymenoptera: Formicidae: Attini).</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="5930373FA48CB52D123B8ED002B89408" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F637830DED496ED2D2799494251053AE">
<mods:roleTerm id="2B361AA0020F6C889172681D6C7A920E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="3DDCE5358B72F3F14B8F42447B5CEA58">Snelling, R. R.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="91A991456E8C78BE6D7AA19767A9F204" type="personal">
<mods:role id="B4721DB76465E9BE6573076A12F864C0">
<mods:roleTerm id="B8F09B6DB385540A8E64ED955A5C6E9F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="60E6B0A59768A9DE5B614D1363D3E1B3">Longino, J. T.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="948A4F05D7D9D3FD2A4F28DD6981D1A2">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="E9179C5C907775BE6CD8D3BC84FC24E0" type="host">
<mods:originInfo id="84C945542EE2F516E6E912EA276B2890">
<mods:dateIssued id="82AF50B23C54693B9A62D2B81D3F1940">1992</mods:dateIssued>
<mods:publisher id="150410E09DAE0BBC97B3DDA336BCE002">Oxford University Press</mods:publisher>
<mods:place id="08FF00CE9330A9215392E97BF0A4F892">
<mods:placeTerm id="FB583080E762577E52035988C2B6928B">Oxford</mods:placeTerm>
</mods:place>
</mods:originInfo>
<mods:name id="80DE64B86AFD6A78EF5347E20BD284E4" type="personal">
<mods:role id="C2EB34AA11BA35B4CFD4C34FEDF2982A">
<mods:roleTerm id="938D3FA0C269AFAD076EB26CCE540139">Editor</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="C9AF0BF332B570695A5177F59877A35F">Quintero, D.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="C99E3FD5F571D8891061476654C9D63C" type="personal">
<mods:role id="7AADABBB385D66A2B52A144E1E38F8C0">
<mods:roleTerm id="8EE00D708CA761FBC66E2A1003EE100D">Editor</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="EDD28A197BBC0AF1C3A6C4F5EEF60E37">Aiello, A.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:titleInfo id="484D9CB7980D72BF48F778AE3593221B">
<mods:title id="56409DF12FECF561E084CBC520839EC4">Insects of Panama and Mesoamerica: selected studies.</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="0503192FC69F11CDFD19329448739E19">
<mods:extent id="E825DA48FE5005B721947FB75C6C7FD8" unit="page">
<mods:start id="9332FE65AB7B23A5908DF32093EECB02">479</mods:start>
<mods:end id="1F1559C160F35302001E4C39CA07C54A">494</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="0222336DE1B28B6CB5CEA6B200A74932">
<mods:url id="8DE4AF548C0265831F0474FDD5E400D5">http://osuc.biosci.ohio-state.edu/HymOnline/reference-full.html?id=13137</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="DA2B3E0CFFB60CDA727E9E89470A3097">book chapter</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="A10B113BF777F7E727B1A335F79EAA35" type="HNS-Pub">13137</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="22D8F3FBC55CCA6042B8CEB19E2E2C2B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6281651" ID-GBIF-Taxon="125136877" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6281651" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:22D8F3FBC55CCA6042B8CEB19E2E2C2B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/22D8F3FBC55CCA6042B8CEB19E2E2C2B" lastPageNumber="493" pageNumber="492">
<subSubSection id="C9B423DA0EDBCEA7B3122668166EEF23" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="C1AB3172B16B135E523F2247401EC113" pageNumber="492">
<taxonomicName id="4E2D6634FE579DB7E6B5F5DA6B336807" ID-CoL="33FR5" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28516" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex bicarinatus Snelling &amp; Longino" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="492" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicarinatus">Cyphomyrmex bicarinatus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4CD53AD738FF1FB8E99A51C36E376F9A" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
(Figs. 30.1, 30.10, 30.19)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="01BCC755D67C81429BE80C616C25FCEA" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="C00E6BD8E0234B5DC893475C6A5C75D4" pageNumber="492">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="88BCE1C49DF56602E78E08E16254D256" pageNumber="492">
A member of the
<taxonomicName id="629D8C7A3B6E23987F0D90CFEFDC564A" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28546" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex salvini Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="492" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salvini">salvini</taxonomicName>
subgroup in which the worker is separable from that of
<taxonomicName id="50D69EAC349168B06FD2BC9C645780C3" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28546" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex salvini Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="492" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salvini">C. salvini</taxonomicName>
by the lack of a supraocular tubercle, the prominent and slender posterior mesonotal tubercle, and the presence of a pair of sharp sublateral carinae on the propodeum that terminate in spine-like processes on the declivitous face. The presence of an occipital spine, the broad, scale-like hairs, and the presence of a distinct median groove at the base of the first gastral tergum will separate
<taxonomicName id="5969F6142483627E8CD6B6B9DB84A449" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28516" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex bicarinatus Snelling &amp; Longino" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="492" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicarinatus">C. bicarinatus</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="A75B490B093D4C7B64E79929E44C2827" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28550" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex vorticis Weber" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="492" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vorticis">C. vorticis</taxonomicName>
. The female of
<taxonomicName id="B0FF15671AB438AFE2ED27EF37840ADD" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28516" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex bicarinatus Snelling &amp; Longino" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="492" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicarinatus">C. bicarinatus</taxonomicName>
is separable from those of
<taxonomicName id="D7814DB3FA75A77CD9F1404EE1A0129A" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28546" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex salvini Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="492" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salvini">C. salvini</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="349E01B940B3FC0CD1CCD9DC845D58CD" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28550" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex vorticis Weber" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="492" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vorticis">C. vorticis</taxonomicName>
by the same cephalic and gastral features as are the workers and, in addition differs from both in having more pronounced propodeal spines. The male of
<taxonomicName id="8B947F64ABCA1A4BA995B67095621DCC" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28516" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex bicarinatus Snelling &amp; Longino" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="492" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicarinatus">C. bicarinatus</taxonomicName>
is unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="2B34CC92D7768C01E1E9FABDCEC6D13C" type="description">
<paragraph id="07817D6F9F084639B7C5426EC6B37E7D" pageNumber="492">Description</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4BAC10AA14AE377A29FF2B7FA2AC034A" pageNumber="492">Worker holotype. Measurements: Total length 3.1 (2.9-3.1); head length 0.79 (0.7 3-0.82); head width 0.6 (0.56-0.62); mesosomal length 1.04 (0.91-1.04); metafemur length 0.86 (0.81 -0.88) mm.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="70606F482A60688EE088427E9C2BC8F4" pageNumber="492">Dull brownish ferruginous, carinae and tubercles darker: funiculus and legs mostly yellowish ferruginous; mandibles reddish. Integument opaque throughout, minutely granulose.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F46E2C58B9D8C0246852E014AAEC61C8" pageNumber="492">Head shape as in Fig. 30.1. Mandible subopaque and very finely longitudinally lineolate; basal tooth minute. Anterior margin of clypeus transverse or weakly emarginate in middle; parafrontal teeth prominent. Frontal area sharply, though shallowly, impressed. Frontal lobe 0.81 (0.76-0.81) times transocular distance; outer margin broadly curved, corner above parafrontal tooth narrowly and abruptly rounded; frontal carina strongly developed and attaining occipital corner and joining supraocular carina. Occipital margin deeply concave between occipital corners. Submedian carinae of vertex strong, subparallel anteriorly, posterior segment not reaching laterally to frontal carina. Supraocular tubercle absent. Occipital corner, at junction of frontal and supraocular carinae distinctly elevated, short-spiniform in lateral view. Posterior genal margin carinate to mandible base. Scape, in repose, extending beyond occipital corner by about its apical width; middle segments of funiculus a little longer than broad. Eye with about seven facets across greatest diameter; oculomandibular distance 1.00-1.25 times eye length.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A0FF9524CB941AB913C276016A45BE80" pageNumber="492">Mesosoma as in Fig. 30.10. Submedian pronotal tubercles distinct; lateral tubercles short and subacute. Anterior mesonotal tubercles conical, acute; posterior pair slightly shorter, subacute to acute, compressed. Propodeum with high, compressed sublateral carina-like ridges that terminate on declivity as short, triangular teeth. Ventral margin of metafemur dilated at about basal one-third, with continuous carina from base to apex.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3CF3C85BC38177A0C10132D24E6FE676" pageNumber="492">Petiole and post-petiole as in Fig. 30.19. Node of petiole about twice wider than long. Postero-median depression of post-petiole broad and clearly defined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0B6A2D925821B7971E043C64FEC75FEA" pageNumber="492">First gastral tergum with defined median, longitudinal impression that is usually completely apilose and several times longer than broad.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4A8A0A16D9227A013F4CDE4AF9FB755C" pageNumber="492">Pilosity flattened and scale-like, but several times longer than broad, with acute apices; narrowest on head; most hairs distinctly elevated above, but bent parallel to integument.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="277530148A68E5A19E5148F5E930C4F6" pageNumber="492">Female. Measurements: Total length 3.4; head length 0.82; head width 0.60; mesosoma length 1.08; metafemur length 0.86 mm.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DC700512188E69F9D4AABEBF4720C715" pageNumber="492">Head as in worker except that minute ocelli are present; eye with about 12 facets across greatest diameter.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F2D3D8AD6EDFD5A0D145CF6746BD81FC" lastPageNumber="493" pageNumber="492">Lateral pronotal tooth prominent, subacute. Area between Mayrian furrows strongly raised on either side, deeply depressed along middle; notauli indistinct. Axilla elevated, triangular. Margins of scutellum strongly raised, posterior emargination jeep and rounded. Sublateral ridges of propodeum distinct, compressed, forming blunt, tooth like process on each side. Petiole, post-petiole, and gaster as in worker.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6644910C3D0CE76B9CCCBA0E636D59BC" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="17F72C06805D30C7A6FF7901909CEB35" pageNumber="493">Tvpe material</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B73B354289155DFAD53A09520D7E521C" pageNumber="493">Holotype worker: one dealate female and 45 worker paratypes: Cincinnati, c. 13oo m elev.. Magdalena Province, colombia. Feb. 1924 W. M. Mann; additional paratypes are from 2 km NW. San Pedro, 1200 m dev.. 10° 55'N 74°03'W, Magdalena, 16 Aug. 198 5 (J. Longino. Holotype and most paratypus in USNM; paratypes also in LACM, LONG, and MCZ.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5B133DC2AA71A3BE2468ABAC8B8B1E1F" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="D31A59186354B439D7B2D2DC8FEF7B3F" pageNumber="493">Etymology. Combines the Latin prefix, bi- (two or double., with carina ridge), signifying the pair of strong propodeal ridges.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F25834F39FF21B6DB307AC04CDF15E5B" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="C234AF9EF419EF5E1938691235995421" pageNumber="493">
Discussion. Among those species of the
<taxonomicName id="D337143FF7F981B7DC8B0B25EC91AD29" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28545" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex rimosus (Spinola)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="493" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rimosus">rimosus</taxonomicName>
group that possess the middle pair of pronotal tubercles, this can be confused only with
<taxonomicName id="FFB146FE432C03C1545FF88BA9091CAD" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28546" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex salvini Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="493" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salvini">C. salvini</taxonomicName>
, the only other species with which it shares the spine-like occipital corners and scale-like pilosity. Particularly notable differences between the workers are the lack of supraocular tubercles and the strongly developed sublateral propodeal ridges in
<taxonomicName id="9961DCC86DB687E6643C191B1F6B9D1C" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28516" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex bicarinatus Snelling &amp; Longino" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="493" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicarinatus">C. bicarinatus</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A8E5F35ABBDD8AA25B122B4585A8E98B" pageNumber="493">
The pilosity is very similar to that of
<taxonomicName id="D1F71449A9B8C977266DCFA923673BCE" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28546" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex salvini Forel" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="493" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="salvini">C. salvini</taxonomicName>
but the hairs, especially on the gaster are narrower, with distinctly acute tips, and are less closely appressed to the surface. Both species differ from
<taxonomicName id="FADC3065B930E35EFB5FE37E7F20F297" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28550" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex vorticis Weber" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="493" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vorticis">C. vorticis</taxonomicName>
, the only other member of the subgroup, in which the hairs of the disc of the first gastral tergum are so closely appressed against the segment that they are not visible in profile. Other differences between
<taxonomicName id="EC037069077A4FDE4A1886D14D2C4CB5" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:28550" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cyphomyrmex" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Cyphomyrmex vorticis Weber" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="493" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vorticis">C. vorticis</taxonomicName>
and the other two species are set forth in the key.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>