plazi/treatments-xml
2
0
Fork 0
Code Issues Pull requests Releases Activity

Add updates up until 2025-04-08 15:34:43

Browse source
This commit is contained in:
ggserver 2025-04-08 15:38:49 +00:00
parent 562816a43d
commit 77b53d603e
15 changed files with 6246 additions and 0 deletions

918
data/03/89/87/03898797FF95FFC5E2A3FF4222B6FC11.xml Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,918 @@
<document id="05AA991229EB076E7F7C46A92F26CB24" ID-CLB-Dataset="309046" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.163.5.2" ID-GBIF-Dataset="0c8199fd-7904-40f4-8d5d-5c338a7711da" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5132473" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1627140276488" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Freitas, Joelcio, Lírio, Elton John De &amp; González, Favio" docDate="2014" docId="03898797FF95FFC5E2A3FF4222B6FC11" docLanguage="en" docName="Phytotaxa.163.5.262-268.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 163 (5)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.163.5.2" docStyle="DocumentStyle:13F189B31CB4CCCE9197361A4E100104.3:Phytotaxa.2011-2013.journal_article" docStyleId="13F189B31CB4CCCE9197361A4E100104" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2011-2013.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Aristolochia assisii J. Freitas, Lirio &amp; F. Gonzalez 2014, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="267" masterDocId="FFB0FFEFFF94FFC0E234FF9C2244FFDA" masterDocTitle="Aristolochia assisii, a new neotenic species of Aristolochiaceae from Espírito Santo and Bahia, Brazil" masterLastPageNumber="268" masterPageNumber="262" pageNumber="263" updateTime="1744126665687" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
<mods:mods id="AA3F850EDF4A6D30A8F7BD8174553159" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="EC7D861F505FC975E6B86D04EA1F33E7">
<mods:title id="BAC223D9E517E5240AC71F64F215D972">Aristolochia assisii, a new neotenic species of Aristolochiaceae from Espírito Santo and Bahia, Brazil</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="CEEBD15976233043DA95BAFD1B2B3811" type="personal">
<mods:role id="80878DF50464D5EE83EA2D2BA415DDFC">
<mods:roleTerm id="856EBA8AF36DB37685A85314D73AB64A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="21E68A58C88B1BF06BFBC487D626AEFD">Freitas, Joelcio</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="C97DE38DE608178618CB4427DCB623EB">Museu de Biologia Prof. Mello Leitão. Av. José Ruschi, 04, Centro, Santa Teresa, ES, Brasil. CEP: 29650 - 000. joelciofr @ gmail. com. Programa de Pós-graduação em Botânica, Escola Nacional de Botânica Tropical, Instituto de Pesquisas Jardim Botânico do Rio de Janeiro. Rua Pacheco Leão, 2040, Solar da Imperatriz, Horto, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil. CEP: 22460 - 030. lirioeltonj @ gmail. com</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="7AE033D2458E9836EE4D0C580396402C" type="personal">
<mods:role id="525C3560E7CAEFE136FFEC9630D33E29">
<mods:roleTerm id="E7D6E1798AD6ADC793892F343491AC85">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="0E5CD5553BE9EBD30C2E8BAA0729A456">Lírio, Elton John De</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="749E3ED58467FE5FA0DAFDEDBD3C2B87" type="personal">
<mods:role id="76F9FE85454C6B4DD7FD377D0D86D451">
<mods:roleTerm id="2CE00CD5CF86078ED9AA831C337D0912">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="5CC458806AC91C9619BC606690F85A14">González, Favio</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="8AD0448747D7813770F6D0B0B08190E5">Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, AA 7495, Bogotá, Colombia. fagonzalezg @ unal. edu. co</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="C821A448CE60A3E3CA5C4AEE31034369">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="4138948B51E99E7337389084B2EC1EC7" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="CBE2D88B7C5D8DC4518A2943161028C4">
<mods:title id="DDD5725B283A91E051E120F336C3C450">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="66AB0629F77B0D8922CCBD31E0125C3A">
<mods:date id="010E3848AFB0F64A09694678D808355A">2014</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="D0339DF346F1487A2FC1ABA4C25B0FA7" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="27F809419885FCBC7AF5BB4A1509EC0D">2014-03-31</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="CF4EF0B6EB7D2EFD9C6DEAA481A582EC" type="volume">
<mods:number id="45B07361D0A280F53A8B26000568B59B">163</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="F5DA02886058249F6297F2DE49518B5E" type="issue">
<mods:number id="A90B0A398C75654532E0403A1AD01899">5</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="DF720A550D23F7FCD1489DAC8CDB054A" unit="page">
<mods:start id="EB9A71E46B3CD6C24FBA364DC06245F9">262</mods:start>
<mods:end id="CFFD36BBCDCFEB8C1549D8A36A7D00AE">268</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location id="E70093E07BB85AF3BFDF88F0EDD585B0">
<mods:url id="4F0E911A756AD05E37CB97A6440EBA04">http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.163.5.2</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="ED99F6A52664C7CEDB9FF9F0034C4FFB">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="9D1C17F7F0EE73A74013AE79830BB043" type="CLB-Dataset">309046</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C381710842148722FCF24CEB82DE844A" type="DOI">10.11646/phytotaxa.163.5.2</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="1F846998EEFCE04065427ADCBCDD68F2" type="GBIF-Dataset">0c8199fd-7904-40f4-8d5d-5c338a7711da</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="14DFB257D80EC667D626E5087CCE6ECC" type="ISSN">1179-3163</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="206E97EC318D35077D2E8829AC4EB370" type="Zenodo-Dep">5132473</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03898797FF95FFC5E2A3FF4222B6FC11" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15175805" ID-Zenodo-Dep="15175805" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03898797FF95FFC5E2A3FF4222B6FC11" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03898797FF95FFC5E2A3FF4222B6FC11" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="267" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">
<subSubSection id="C33A650AFF95FFC1E2A3FF4221F3FF2D" box="[151,951,222,247]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8B9F3681FF95FFC1E2A3FF4221F3FF2D" blockId="1.[151,951,222,247]" box="[151,951,222,247]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">
<taxonomicName id="4C204D02FF95FFC1E2A3FF42208BFF2D" ID-CoL="GPM9" authority="J. Freitas, Lirio &amp; F. Gonzalez" authorityName="J. Freitas, Lirio &amp; F. Gonzalez" authorityYear="2014" box="[151,719,222,247]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="assisii" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF95FFC1E2A3FF422336FF2C" bold="true" box="[151,370,222,247]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">Aristolochia assisii</emphasis>
J. Freitas, Lírio &amp; F. González
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26757E8FF95FFC1E0EEFF43216BFF2C" box="[730,815,223,246]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF95FFC1E0EEFF432163FF2C" box="[730,807,223,246]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">sp. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
(
<figureCitation id="131B2A04FF95FFC1E171FF4221D6FF2D" box="[837,914,222,247]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="2.[151,244,1920,1941]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,156,1900]" captionTargetId="figure-96@2.[151,1436,143,1906]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 1: Aristolochia assisii. A Habit. B Leaf. C Detail of leaf margin. D Raceme. E Bract. F Flower, lateral view. G-H. Details of the base (G) and the apex (H) of the perianth limb. I Dissected utricle showing the inequilateral syrinx and the gynostemium. J Capsule. K-L Seed in adaxial (K) and abaxial (L) view. Drawn from the type collection (except J-L, based on da Rosa et al. 166), by Joelcio Freitas." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5132475" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5132475/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="131B2A04FF95FFC1E194FF4221EAFF2D" box="[928,942,222,247]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[151,248,1929,1950]" captionTargetBox="[175,1413,1064,1888]" captionTargetId="figure-101@3.[151,1436,1044,1907]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3: Aristolochia assisii. A. Habit. B Raceme with flowers during anthesis. C Flower in post-anthesis. D Capsules. Photographs by André Moreira de Assis (A-C, from A. M. Assis et al. 2327) and Joelcio Freitas (D, from da Rosa et al. 166)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5132479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5132479/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">3</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33A650AFF95FFC1E2A3FEBB2033FDE8" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8B9F3681FF95FFC1E2A3FEBB2033FDE8" blockId="1.[151,1436,294,562]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">
<taxonomicName id="4C204D02FF95FFC1E2A3FEBB231DFEE6" authorityName="J. Freitas, Lirio &amp; F. Gonzalez" authorityYear="2014" box="[151,345,295,316]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="assisii">
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF95FFC1E2A3FEBB231DFEE6" box="[151,345,295,316]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">Aristolochia assisii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF95FFC1E3FFFEBB2081FEE6" box="[459,709,295,316]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">
<taxonomicName id="4C204D02FF95FFC1E3FFFEBB200CFEE6" authorityName="F. Gonzalez" authorityYear="1998" box="[459,584,295,316]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bahiensis">A. bahiensis</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C204D02FF95FFC1E067FEBB2084FEE6" authorityName="Masters" authorityYear="1875" box="[595,704,295,316]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="disticha">A. disticha</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C204D02FF95FFC1E0C1FEBB21C0FEE6" box="[757,900,295,316]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="subglobosa">
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF95FFC1E0C1FEBB21C0FEE6" box="[757,900,295,316]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">A. subglobosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but differs by the herbaceous habit, the membranous and very widely ovate leaves, the shortened elliptic limb of the perianth, the massive syrinx, and the small, fusiform and long-rostrate capsule. The herbaceous habit of the new species resembles that of
<taxonomicName id="4C204D02FF95FFC1E670FEF8276AFEA3" box="[1092,1326,356,377]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="holostylis">
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF95FFC1E670FEF8276AFEA3" box="[1092,1326,356,377]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">Aristolochia holostylis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(formerly
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF95FFC1E2F3FE1F23D8FE42" box="[199,412,387,408]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">Holostylis reniformis</emphasis>
), from north, northeast and central
<collectingCountry id="F3377611FF95FFC1E135FE1E217BFE42" box="[769,831,386,408]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">Brazil</collectingCountry>
and adjacent
<collectingCountry id="F3377611FF95FFC1E1FEFE1F266DFE42" box="[970,1065,387,408]" name="Paraguay" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">Paraguay</collectingCountry>
, but clearly differs by the possession of cylindrical xylopodia, inflorescences with small bracts and extremely short internodes, perianth clearly differentiated in utricle, tube and an oblique limb, and small but long-rostrate capsules (
<figureCitation id="131B2A04FF95FFC1E1E6FE5C266CFE0C" box="[978,1064,448,470]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[151,248,1929,1950]" captionTargetBox="[175,1413,1064,1888]" captionTargetId="figure-101@3.[151,1436,1044,1907]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3: Aristolochia assisii. A. Habit. B Raceme with flowers during anthesis. C Flower in post-anthesis. D Capsules. Photographs by André Moreira de Assis (A-C, from A. M. Assis et al. 2327) and Joelcio Freitas (D, from da Rosa et al. 166)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5132479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5132479/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C204D02FF95FFC1E674FE5C2687FE0F" box="[1088,1219,448,469]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="holostylis">
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF95FFC1E674FE5C2687FE0F" box="[1088,1219,448,469]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">A. holostylis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
possesses fascicled, homogeneous roots (the primary root not evident), inflorescences with elongated internodes and expanded or slightly reduced subtending leaves, a bell-shaped perianth not clearly differentiated in utricle, tube and limb, and narrowly cylindrical, not rostrate capsules (
<tableCitation id="C6A2033AFF95FFC1E02FFD802023FDE8" box="[539,615,540,562]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="4.[151,232,151,172]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="TABLE 1: Comparison of A. assisii with four morphologically related species." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5F6609FF90FFC4E2A3FF0B21D4FF76" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" tableUuid="DF5F6609FF90FFC4E2A3FF0B21D4FF76">Table 1</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33A650AFF95FFC1E2A3FDC5206FFD11" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9F3681FF95FFC1E2A3FDC5206FFD11" blockId="1.[151,1437,601,715]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF95FFC1E2A3FDC52288FDB5" bold="true" box="[151,204,601,623]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">Type</emphasis>
:—
<materialsCitation id="3B483CDCFF95FFC1E2DEFDC523CCFD11" collectingDate="2013-04-20" collectionCode="MBML" collectorName="R. Santos" country="Brazil" elevation="200" latitude="-20.180695" location="Mestre Alvaro - vertente sudeste. Proximo a FURNAS. Acesso pelo Bairro Jardim Tropical" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-40.307056" municipality="Serra" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Espirito Santo" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="F3377611FF95FFC1E2DEFDC5230EFDB5" box="[234,330,601,623]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49E4F863FF95FFC1E363FDC523A9FDB5" box="[343,493,601,623]" country="Brazil" name="Espirito Santo" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">Espírito Santo</collectingRegion>
: Município da
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFBACFBFF95FFC1E0B9FDC52081FDB5" box="[653,709,601,623]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">Serra</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EFF605AFF95FFC1E0E6FDC623FCFD54" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03898797FF95FFC5E2A3FF4222B6FC11:8EFF605AFF95FFC1E0E6FDC623FCFD54" country="Brazil" latitude="-20.180695" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-40.307056" municipality="Serra" name="Mestre Alvaro - vertente sudeste. Proximo a FURNAS. Acesso pelo Bairro Jardim Tropical" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" stateProvince="Espirito Santo">Mestre Álvaro - vertente sudeste. Próximo a FURNAS. Acesso pelo Bairro Jardim Tropical</location>
. [Espírito Santo state: municipality of Serra, Mestre Alvaro – southeast slope, near FURNAS. Access by neighborhood Jardim Tropical],
<quantity id="4CD89B64FF95FFC1E0BDFD0A208AFD76" box="[649,718,662,684]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" unit="m" value="200.0">
<elevation id="000DD1B2FF95FFC1E0BDFD0A208AFD76" box="[649,718,662,684]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE145046FF95FFC1E0EFFD0A212DFD76" box="[731,873,662,684]" degrees="20" direction="south" minutes="10" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" precision="1" seconds="50,5" value="-20.180695">20º10’50,5’’S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE145046FF95FFC1E142FD0A2648FD76" box="[886,1036,662,684]" degrees="40" direction="west" minutes="18" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" precision="1" seconds="25,4" value="-40.307056">40º18’25,4’’W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FF9E1041FF95FFC1E62DFD0A26E9FD76" box="[1049,1197,662,684]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" value="2013-04-20">
<collectingDate id="EFDAE9A9FF95FFC1E62DFD0A26E9FD76" box="[1049,1197,662,684]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" value="2013-04-20">20 April 2013</collectingDate>
</date>
(flower),
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF95FFC1E723FD0B27D8FD76" box="[1303,1436,663,684]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">
<collectorName id="26D55357FF95FFC1E723FD0B273DFD76" box="[1303,1401,663,684]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">R. Santos</collectorName>
80
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="549B8823FF95FFC1E2F9FD292363FD11" box="[205,295,693,715]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="ED31AE44FF95FFC1E31AFD2923C0FD11" box="[302,388,693,715]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">MBML</collectionCode>
!
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B483CDCFF95FFC1E3A5FD292064FD11" box="[401,544,693,715]" collectingDate="2013-04-20" collectionCode="COL" collectorName="R. Santos" country="Brazil" elevation="200" latitude="-20.180695" location="Mestre Alvaro - vertente sudeste. Proximo a FURNAS. Acesso pelo Bairro Jardim Tropical" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-40.307056" municipality="Serra" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Espirito Santo" typeStatus="isotype">
<typeStatus id="549B8823FF95FFC1E3A5FD29239EFD11" box="[401,474,693,715]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">isotype</typeStatus>
<collectionCode id="ED31AE44FF95FFC1E3D5FD292059FD11" box="[481,541,693,715]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">COL</collectionCode>
!
</materialsCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33A650AFF95FFC1E2A3FC9020D9FAC7" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" type="description">
<paragraph id="8B9F3681FF95FFC1E2A3FC9020D9FAC7" blockId="1.[151,1438,780,1929]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">
Herbs to
<quantity id="4CD89B64FF95FFC1E2CAFC902307FCFE" box="[254,323,780,805]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" unit="cm" value="32.0">32 cm</quantity>
tall, old stems not corky. Xylopodium subcylindrical and tortuous, corky, branched or unbranched,
<quantity id="4CD89B64FF95FFC1E2A3FCAC2364FC92" box="[151,288,816,841]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.06" metricValueMax="6.3" metricValueMin="3.82" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" unit="cm" value="50.6" valueMax="63.0" valueMin="38.2">38.2–63 cm</quantity>
long and
<quantity id="4CD89B64FF95FFC1E3A3FCAC205EFC92" box="[407,538,816,841]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" metricValueMax="2.9" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" unit="cm" value="2.3" valueMax="2.9" valueMin="1.7">1.7–2.9 cm</quantity>
in diameter. Twigs cylindrical, striate, internodes up to 9,1 cm long. Leaves petiolate; petiole 5,6–
<quantity id="4CD89B64FF95FFC1E3B8FCC823A0FCB6" box="[396,484,852,877]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" unit="cm" value="16.5">16.5 cm</quantity>
long; blade very widely ovate, 13.8–16.5 × 11.0–
<quantity id="4CD89B64FF95FFC1E626FCC82629FCB6" box="[1042,1133,852,877]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" unit="cm" value="17.5">17.5 cm</quantity>
, membranaceous, glabrous above, puberulous below, base deeply cordate with a sinus 2,8–
<quantity id="4CD89B64FF95FFC1E14DFCE42183FC4A" box="[889,967,888,913]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" unit="cm" value="4.4">4.4 cm</quantity>
deep, not peltate, apex acuminate, basal primary veins 7. Pseudostipules absent. Flowers arranged in short axillary racemes,
<quantity id="4CD89B64FF95FFC1E679FC0026FDFC6E" box="[1101,1209,924,949]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="0.4" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" unit="mm" value="17.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="4.0">4–30 mm</quantity>
long and with 6–23 flowers each, the internodes &lt;
<quantity id="4CD89B64FF95FFC1E3DFFC5C2068FC02" box="[491,556,960,985]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
long, the subtending bracts narrowly-ovate, to 4.1 ×
<quantity id="4CD89B64FF95FFC1E64AFC5C2691FC02" box="[1150,1237,960,985]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" unit="mm" value="2.9">2.9 mm</quantity>
, shortly petiolate, glabrous. Peduncle plus ovary up to
<quantity id="4CD89B64FF95FFC1E01FFC782087FC26" box="[555,707,996,1021]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2999999999999998" metricValueMax="1.45" metricValueMin="1.15" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" unit="cm" value="1.2999999999999998" valueMax="1.45" valueMin="1.15">1.15–1.45 cm</quantity>
long. Outer surface of the perianth glabrous and beige with small vinaceous spots, inner surface vinaceous in the proximal 1/6, the rest whitish-yellow and with vinaceous trichomes; utricle ovoid, up to 1.1 ×
<quantity id="4CD89B64FF95FFC1E382FBB02042FB9E" box="[438,518,1068,1093]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" unit="cm" value="0.7">0.7 cm</quantity>
, syrinx up to
<quantity id="4CD89B64FF95FFC1E0ABFBB020B2FB9E" box="[671,758,1068,1093]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
long, inaequilateral; tube funnel-shape, about
<quantity id="4CD89B64FF95FFC1E735FBB02718FB9E" box="[1281,1372,1068,1093]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.66" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" unit="cm" value="1.66">1.66 cm</quantity>
long, proximal diameter
<quantity id="4CD89B64FF95FFC1E347FBCC2390FBB2" box="[371,468,1104,1129]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" unit="cm" value="0.27">0.27 cm</quantity>
, and distal diameter
<quantity id="4CD89B64FF95FFC1E0F1FBCC2162FBB2" box="[709,806,1104,1129]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" unit="cm" value="0.77">0.77 cm</quantity>
; limb broadly elliptic, 1.82–2.0 ×
<quantity id="4CD89B64FF95FFC1E681FBCC277DFBB2" box="[1205,1337,1104,1129]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" unit="cm" value="1.2" valueMax="1.3" valueMin="1.1">1.1–1.3 cm</quantity>
, slightly concave proximally, base emarginate, not peltate, margins revolute, apex obtuse, emarginate. Gynostemium stipitate (stipe
<quantity id="4CD89B64FF95FFC1E309FB0423F0FB6B" box="[317,436,1176,1201]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" unit="mm" value="1.1" valueMax="1.2" valueMin="1.0">1–1.2 mm</quantity>
),
<quantity id="4CD89B64FF95FFC1E3F3FB04207EFB6A" box="[455,570,1176,1201]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" unit="mm" value="2.8" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.6">2.6–3 mm</quantity>
long; anthers oblong, up to
<quantity id="4CD89B64FF95FFC1E14CFB04218BFB6A" box="[888,975,1176,1201]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
long. Capsule fusiform, up to 3.2 ×
<quantity id="4CD89B64FF95FFC1E75FFB0422F8FB0E" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" unit="cm" value="1.15">1.15 cm</quantity>
, hexagonal in transverse section, acropetally dehiscent, the distal portion transformed in a long, tapered rostrum to
<quantity id="4CD89B64FF95FFC1E280FB7C2345FB22" box="[180,257,1248,1273]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" unit="cm" value="1.2">1.2 cm</quantity>
long, with a subapical protuberance, septa entire. Seeds ovoid, to 4.1 ×
<quantity id="4CD89B64FF95FFC1E61AFB7C26C2FB22" box="[1070,1158,1248,1273]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" unit="mm" value="3.3">3.3 mm</quantity>
, concave-convex, warty, non-winged, with a massive cylindrical raphe.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33A650AFF95FFC1E2F2FAB42627F973" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8B9F3681FF95FFC1E2F2FAB42627F973" blockId="1.[151,1438,780,1929]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">
<materialsCitation id="3B483CDCFF95FFC1E2F2FAB42632FA77" collectingDate="2010-03-23" collectionCode="MBML" collectorName="A. M. Assis" country="Brazil" elevation="200" latitude="-20.180695" location="Mestre Alvaro - vertente sudeste. Proximo a FURNAS. Acesso pelo Bairro Jardim Tropical" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-40.307056" municipality="Serra" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Espirito Santo" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF95FFC1E2F2FAB420B2FA9B" bold="true" box="[198,758,1320,1345]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">
Additional
<specimenCount id="9D26FD08FF95FFC1E378FAB42382FA9B" box="[332,454,1320,1345]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" type="generic">specimens</specimenCount>
examined (
<typeStatus id="549B8823FF95FFC1E07AFAB4208FFA9B" box="[590,715,1320,1345]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
):—
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="F3377611FF95FFC1E0C1FAB42119FA9B" box="[757,861,1320,1345]" name="Brazil" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="49E4F863FF95FFC1E15CFAB4264FFA9B" box="[872,1035,1320,1345]" country="Brazil" name="Espirito Santo" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">Espírito Santo</collectingRegion>
: Município da
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFBACFBFF95FFC1E685FAB426ABFA9B" box="[1201,1263,1320,1345]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">Serra</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EFF605AFF95FFC1E6CEFAB521B0FABF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03898797FF95FFC5E2A3FF4222B6FC11:8EFF605AFF95FFC1E6CEFAB521B0FABF" country="Brazil" latitude="-20.180695" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-40.307056" municipality="Serra" name="Mestre Alvaro - vertente sudeste. Proximo a FURNAS. Acesso pelo Bairro Jardim Tropical" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" stateProvince="Espirito Santo">Mestre Álvaro - vertente sudeste. Próximo a FURNAS. Acesso pelo Bairro Jardim Tropical</location>
. [Espírito Santo state: municipality of Serra, Mestre Alvaro – southeast slope, near FURNAS. Access by neighborhood Jardim Tropical],
<quantity id="4CD89B64FF95FFC1E77FFAEC27DDFA52" box="[1355,1433,1392,1417]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" unit="m" value="200.0">
<elevation id="000DD1B2FF95FFC1E77FFAEC27DDFA52" box="[1355,1433,1392,1417]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE145046FF95FFC1E2A3FA082370FA77" box="[151,308,1428,1453]" degrees="20" direction="south" minutes="10" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" precision="1" seconds="50,5" value="-20.180695">20º10’50,5’’S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE145046FF95FFC1E30BFA0823A2FA77" box="[319,486,1428,1453]" degrees="40" direction="west" minutes="18" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" precision="1" seconds="25,4" value="-40.307056">40º18’25,4’’W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FF9E1041FF95FFC1E3C4FA0820DFFA77" box="[496,667,1428,1453]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" value="2010-03-23">
<collectingDate id="EFDAE9A9FF95FFC1E3C4FA0820DFFA77" box="[496,667,1428,1453]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" value="2010-03-23">23 March 2010</collectingDate>
</date>
(flower),
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF95FFC1E13EFA092181FA77" box="[778,965,1429,1453]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">
<collectorName id="26D55357FF95FFC1E13EFA0921CCFA76" box="[778,904,1429,1452]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">A. M. Assis</collectorName>
et al.
</emphasis>
2327 (
<collectionCode id="ED31AE44FF95FFC1E626FA08262AFA77" box="[1042,1134,1428,1453]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">MBML</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B483CDCFF95FFC1E6B5FA082041FA0B" collectingDate="2010-08-07" collectionCode="MBML" collectorName="A. M. Assis" country="Brazil" elevation="200" latitude="-20.180695" location="Mestre Alvaro - vertente sudeste. Proximo a FURNAS. Acesso pelo Bairro Jardim Tropical" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="-40.307056" municipality="Serra" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Espirito Santo" typeStatus="paratype">
<date id="FF9E1041FF95FFC1E6B5FA082777FA77" box="[1153,1331,1428,1453]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" value="2010-08-07">
<collectingDate id="EFDAE9A9FF95FFC1E6B5FA082777FA77" box="[1153,1331,1428,1453]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" value="2010-08-07">07 August 2010</collectingDate>
</date>
(flower),
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF95FFC1E2A3FA252310FA0B" box="[151,340,1465,1489]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">
<collectorName id="26D55357FF95FFC1E2A3FA252351FA0A" box="[151,277,1465,1488]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">A. M. Assis</collectorName>
et al.
</emphasis>
2597 (
<collectionCode id="ED31AE44FF95FFC1E395FA2423B9FA0B" box="[417,509,1464,1489]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">MBML</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B483CDCFF95FFC1E03BFA24263DF9C3" collectingDate="1991-07-10" collectionCode="VIES" collectorName="L. V. da Rosa" location="distrito de Setiba" municipality="Municipio de Guarapari" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Espirito Santo" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingRegion id="49E4F863FF95FFC1E03BFA2420F7FA0B" box="[527,691,1464,1489]" country="Brazil" name="Espirito Santo" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">Espírito Santo</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFBACFBFF95FFC1E089FA242189FA0B" box="[701,973,1464,1489]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">Município de Guarapari</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EFF605AFF95FFC1E1ECFA2426DDFA0B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03898797FF95FFC5E2A3FF4222B6FC11:8EFF605AFF95FFC1E1ECFA2426DDFA0B" box="[984,1177,1464,1489]" municipality="Municipio de Guarapari" name="distrito de Setiba" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" stateProvince="Espirito Santo">distrito de Setiba</location>
, mata seca de Restinga (Floresta não-inundável) [Espírito Santo state: municipality of Guarapari, district of Setiba, dry forest of Restinga (Non-Flooded Transitional Forest)],
<date id="FF9E1041FF95FFC1E004F99C2084F9C3" box="[560,704,1536,1561]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" value="1991-07-10">
<collectingDate id="EFDAE9A9FF95FFC1E004F99C2084F9C3" box="[560,704,1536,1561]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" value="1991-07-10">10 July 1991</collectingDate>
</date>
(fruit),
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF95FFC1E123F99D265EF9C3" box="[791,1050,1537,1561]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">
<collectorName id="26D55357FF95FFC1E123F99D21EEF9C2" box="[791,938,1537,1561]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">L. V. da Rosa</collectorName>
et al. 166
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED31AE44FF95FFC1E61DF99C2629F9C3" box="[1065,1133,1536,1561]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">VIES</collectionCode>
);
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B483CDCFF95FFC1E6B4F99C23BBF9E7" collectingDate="1991-08-17" collectionCode="VIES" collectorName="L. V. da Rosa" location="distrito de Setiba" municipality="Municipio de Guarapari" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Espirito Santo" typeStatus="paratype">
<date id="FF9E1041FF95FFC1E6B4F99C2777F9C3" box="[1152,1331,1536,1561]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" value="1991-08-17">
<collectingDate id="EFDAE9A9FF95FFC1E6B4F99C2777F9C3" box="[1152,1331,1536,1561]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" value="1991-08-17">17 August 1991</collectingDate>
</date>
(flower),
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF95FFC1E2A3F9B923E7F9E7" box="[151,419,1573,1597]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">
<collectorName id="26D55357FF95FFC1E2A3F9B9236BF9E6" box="[151,303,1573,1597]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">L. V. da Rosa</collectorName>
et al. 204
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="ED31AE44FF95FFC1E387F9B823B3F9E7" box="[435,503,1572,1597]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">VIES</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="3B483CDCFF95FFC1E03FF9B82624F973" collectingDate="2009-04-20" collectionCode="MBML" collectorName="A. P. Fontana" elevation="188" latitude="-16.98889" location="Alto Pau Brasil, Monte Pescoco, Fazenda Novo Horizonte, Propriedade do Sr. Carlinhos Mascarenhas. Cabruca." longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-39.576664" municipality="Itamaraju" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bahia" typeStatus="paratype">
<collectingRegion id="49E4F863FF95FFC1E03FF9B82015F9E7" box="[523,593,1572,1597]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">Bahia</collectingRegion>
: Município de
<collectingMunicipality id="6BFBACFBFF95FFC1E0CAF9B82129F9E7" box="[766,877,1572,1597]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">Itamarajú</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8EFF605AFF95FFC1E14EF9B82120F9BB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03898797FF95FFC5E2A3FF4222B6FC11:8EFF605AFF95FFC1E14EF9B82120F9BB" latitude="-16.98889" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-39.576664" municipality="Itamaraju" name="Alto Pau Brasil, Monte Pescoco, Fazenda Novo Horizonte, Propriedade do Sr. Carlinhos Mascarenhas. Cabruca." pageId="1" pageNumber="263" stateProvince="Bahia">Alto Pau Brasil, Monte Pescoço, Fazenda Novo Horizonte, Propriedade do Sr. Carlinhos Mascarenhas. Cabruca.</location>
[Bahia state: municipality of Itamaraju, locality of Alto Pau Brasil, Monte Pescoço, Novo Horizonte farm, property of Mr. Carlinhos Mascarenhas]
<quantity id="4CD89B64FF95FFC1E77DF9F027D3F95E" box="[1353,1431,1644,1669]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.88" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" unit="m" value="188.0">
<elevation id="000DD1B2FF95FFC1E77DF9F027D3F95E" box="[1353,1431,1644,1669]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.88" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" unit="m" value="188.0">188 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE145046FF95FFC1E2A3F90C235BF973" box="[151,287,1680,1705]" degrees="16" direction="south" minutes="59" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" precision="15" seconds="20" value="-16.98889">16º59’20’’S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE145046FF95FFC1E31FF90C23F8F973" box="[299,444,1680,1705]" degrees="39" direction="west" minutes="34" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" precision="15" seconds="36" value="-39.576664">39º34’36’’W</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="FF9E1041FF95FFC1E3F3F90C2020F973" box="[455,612,1680,1705]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" value="2009-04-20">
<collectingDate id="EFDAE9A9FF95FFC1E3F3F90C2020F973" box="[455,612,1680,1705]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" value="2009-04-20">20 April 2009</collectingDate>
</date>
(flower),
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF95FFC1E0E1F90D21EAF973" box="[725,942,1681,1705]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">
<collectorName id="26D55357FF95FFC1E0E1F90D212BF972" box="[725,879,1681,1704]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">A. P. Fontana</collectorName>
et al.
</emphasis>
5884 (
<collectionCode id="ED31AE44FF95FFC1E1CFF90C2613F973" box="[1019,1111,1680,1705]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">MBML</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33A650AFF95FFC1E2F2F92823E0F8C3" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8B9F3681FF95FFC1E2F2F92823E0F8C3" blockId="1.[151,1438,780,1929]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF95FFC1E2F2F92823BCF914" bold="true" box="[198,504,1716,1742]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">Distribution and habitat</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF95FFC1E034F9282059F914" bold="true" box="[512,541,1716,1742]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">—</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="4C204D02FF95FFC1E029F92820BBF914" authorityName="J. Freitas, Lirio &amp; F. Gonzalez" authorityYear="2014" box="[541,767,1716,1742]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="assisii">
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF95FFC1E029F92820BBF914" box="[541,767,1716,1742]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">Aristolochia assisii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs in wet tropical areas, in transition of Atlantic Rain and Tertiary Tableland forests in the state of
<collectingRegion id="49E4F863FF95FFC1E09EF94620B6F92E" box="[682,754,1754,1780]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">Bahia</collectingRegion>
, and in Atlantic Rain and Restinga forests in the state of
<collectingRegion id="49E4F863FF95FFC1E2A3F963237AF8C3" box="[151,318,1791,1817]" country="Brazil" name="Espirito Santo" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">Espírito Santo</collectingRegion>
(
<figureCitation id="131B2A04FF95FFC1E37AF96323D2F8C3" box="[334,406,1791,1817]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="3.[151,244,975,996]" captionTargetBox="[287,1310,203,929]" captionTargetId="figure-92@3.[274,1313,195,951]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 2: Distribution of Aristolochia assisii. Map by Valderes B. Sarnaglia Junior." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5132477" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5132477/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33A650AFF95FFC1E2F2F8B821CDF853" pageId="1" pageNumber="263" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="8B9F3681FF95FFC1E2F2F8B821CDF853" blockId="1.[151,1438,780,1929]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF95FFC1E2F2F8B8230CF8E4" bold="true" box="[198,328,1828,1854]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">Phenology</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF95FFC1E365F8B8232AF8E4" bold="true" box="[337,366,1828,1854]" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">—</emphasis>
The
<collectingRegion id="49E4F863FF95FFC1E393F8B82017F8E4" box="[423,595,1828,1854]" country="Brazil" name="Espirito Santo" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">Espírito Santo</collectingRegion>
populations set flowers in March and August, and fruits in July; the population at the Mestre Alvaro locality has not set fruits during three years field study in the area by André Assis (pers. comm.). The
<collectingRegion id="49E4F863FF95FFC1E3F7F8F32043F853" box="[451,519,1903,1929]" country="Brazil" name="Bahia" pageId="1" pageNumber="263">Bahia</collectingRegion>
populations set flowers in April.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="DF5F6609FF96FFC2E2A3F81C236DF834" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5132475" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5132475" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5132475/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" startId="2.[151,244,1920,1941]" targetBox="[151,1435,156,1900]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="8B9F3681FF96FFC2E2A3F81C236DF834" blockId="2.[150,1436,1920,2030]" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF96FFC2E2A3F81C234AF84F" bold="true" box="[151,270,1920,1941]" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">FIGURE 1:</emphasis>
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF96FFC2E320F81C2397F84F" box="[276,467,1920,1941]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">
<taxonomicName id="4C204D02FF96FFC2E320F81C238BF84F" authorityName="J. Freitas, Lirio &amp; F. Gonzalez" authorityYear="2014" box="[276,463,1920,1941]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="2" pageNumber="264" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="assisii">Aristolochia assisii</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
A Habit. B Leaf. C Detail of leaf margin. D Raceme. E Bract. F Flower, lateral view. G-H. Details of the base (G) and the apex (H) of the perianth limb. I Dissected utricle showing the inequilateral syrinx and the gynostemium. J Capsule. K-L Seed in adaxial (K) and abaxial (L) view. Drawn from the type collection (except J-L, based on
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF96FFC2E68BF820272BF80B" box="[1215,1391,1980,2001]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="264">da Rosa et al. 166</emphasis>
), by Joelcio Freitas.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF5F6609FF97FFC3E2A3FC532195FC3E" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5132477" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5132477" box="[151,977,975,996]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5132477/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="265" startId="3.[151,244,975,996]" targetBox="[287,1310,203,929]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8B9F3681FF97FFC3E2A3FC532195FC3E" blockId="3.[151,977,975,996]" box="[151,977,975,996]" pageId="3" pageNumber="265">
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF97FFC3E2A3FC532342FC3E" bold="true" box="[151,262,975,996]" pageId="3" pageNumber="265">FIGURE 2</emphasis>
: Distribution of
<taxonomicName id="4C204D02FF97FFC3E392FC53201BFC3E" authorityName="J. Freitas, Lirio &amp; F. Gonzalez" authorityYear="2014" box="[422,607,975,996]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="3" pageNumber="265" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="assisii">
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF97FFC3E392FC53201BFC3E" box="[422,607,975,996]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="265">Aristolochia assisii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Map by Valderes B. Sarnaglia Junior.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF5F6609FF97FFC3E2A3F8152702F81B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5132479" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5132479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5132479/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="265" startId="3.[151,248,1929,1950]" targetBox="[175,1413,1064,1888]" targetPageId="3">
<paragraph id="8B9F3681FF97FFC3E2A3F8152702F81B" blockId="3.[151,1437,1929,1985]" pageId="3" pageNumber="265">
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF97FFC3E2A3F8152348F844" bold="true" box="[151,268,1929,1950]" pageId="3" pageNumber="265">FIGURE 3</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="4C204D02FF97FFC3E32FF81523A6F844" authorityName="J. Freitas, Lirio &amp; F. Gonzalez" authorityYear="2014" box="[283,482,1929,1950]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="3" pageNumber="265" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="assisii">
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF97FFC3E32FF81523A6F844" box="[283,482,1929,1950]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="265">Aristolochia assisii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF97FFC3E3C5F815204DF844" bold="true" box="[497,521,1929,1950]" pageId="3" pageNumber="265">A.</emphasis>
Habit.
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF97FFC3E06DF815202DF844" bold="true" box="[601,617,1929,1950]" pageId="3" pageNumber="265">B</emphasis>
Raceme with flowers during anthesis.
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF97FFC3E632F8152653F844" bold="true" box="[1030,1047,1929,1950]" pageId="3" pageNumber="265">C</emphasis>
Flower in post-anthesis.
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF97FFC3E714F8152775F844" bold="true" box="[1312,1329,1929,1950]" pageId="3" pageNumber="265">D</emphasis>
Capsules. Photographs by André Moreira de Assis (
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF97FFC3E012F8302015F81B" bold="true" box="[550,593,1964,1985]" pageId="3" pageNumber="265">A-C</emphasis>
, from
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF97FFC3E0A5F830212DF81B" box="[657,873,1964,1985]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="265">A. M. Assis et al. 2327</emphasis>
) and Joelcio Freitas (
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF97FFC3E60DF830260EF81B" bold="true" box="[1081,1098,1964,1985]" pageId="3" pageNumber="265">D</emphasis>
, from
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF97FFC3E6BFF830277CF81B" box="[1163,1336,1964,1985]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="265">da Rosa et al. 166</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF5F6609FF90FFC4E2A3FF0B21D4FF76" ID-Table-UUID="DF5F6609FF90FFC4E2A3FF0B21D4FF76" box="[151,912,151,172]" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/DF5F6609FF90FFC4E2A3FF0B21D4FF76" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" startId="4.[151,232,151,172]" targetBox="[165,1419,204,2033]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="8B9F3681FF90FFC4E2A3FF0B21D4FF76" blockId="4.[151,912,151,172]" box="[151,912,151,172]" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF90FFC4E2A3FF0B2346FF76" bold="true" box="[151,258,151,172]" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">TABLE 1:</emphasis>
Comparison of
<taxonomicName id="4C204D02FF90FFC4E3A9FF0B23B0FF76" authorityName="J. Freitas, Lirio &amp; F. Gonzalez" authorityYear="2014" box="[413,500,151,172]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="assisii">
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF90FFC4E3A9FF0B23B0FF76" box="[413,500,151,172]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">A. assisii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with four morphologically related species.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8B9F3681FF90FFC4E291FF502626F82B" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">
<table id="F920C421FF90003FE291FF5027CFF82B" box="[165,1419,204,2033]" gridcols="6" gridrows="57" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291FF5027CFFF3A" box="[165,1419,204,224]" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">
<th id="76C15DBFFF90003FE291FF502373FF3A" box="[165,311,204,224]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">Characters</th>
<th id="76C15DBFFF90003FE36CFF502064FF3A" box="[344,544,204,224]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF90FFC4E36CFF5123F4FF3A" box="[344,432,205,224]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">
<taxonomicName id="4C204D02FF90FFC4E36CFF5123EFFF3A" authority="Freitas &amp; Lírio &amp; González, 2014" authorityName="Freitas &amp; Lírio &amp; González" authorityYear="2014" box="[344,427,205,224]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="assisii" status="sp. nov.">A. assisii</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A26757E8FF90FFC4E381FF5223BFFF3A" box="[437,507,205,224]" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" rank="species">
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF90FFC4E381FF5223B2FF3A" box="[437,502,206,224]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">sp. nov</emphasis>
.
</taxonomicNameLabel>
</th>
<th id="76C15DBFFF90003FE00AFF5020ABFF3A" box="[574,751,204,224]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">
<taxonomicName id="4C204D02FF90FFC4E00AFF5120E9FF3A" authorityName="F. Gonzalez" authorityYear="1998" box="[574,685,205,224]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bahiensis">
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF90FFC4E00AFF5120E9FF3A" box="[574,685,205,224]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">A. bahiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(based
</th>
<th id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BFF502191FF3A" box="[783,981,204,224]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">
<taxonomicName id="4C204D02FF90FFC4E13BFF512134FF3A" authorityName="Masters" authorityYear="1875" box="[783,880,205,224]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="disticha">
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF90FFC4E13BFF512134FF3A" box="[783,880,205,224]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">A. disticha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(based on
</th>
<th id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0FF5026E3FF3A" box="[1012,1191,204,224]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">
<taxonomicName id="4C204D02FF90FFC4E1C0FF512627FF3A" box="[1012,1123,205,224]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="holostylis">
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF90FFC4E1C0FF512627FF3A" box="[1012,1123,205,224]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">A. holostylis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(based
</th>
<th id="76C15DBFFF90003FE6F1FF5027CFFF3A" box="[1221,1419,204,224]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">
<taxonomicName id="4C204D02FF90FFC4E6F1FF512704FF3A" box="[1221,1344,205,224]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="subglobosa">
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF90FFC4E6F1FF512704FF3A" box="[1221,1344,205,224]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">A.subglobosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(based
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291FF7727CFFF25" box="[165,1419,235,255]" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1">
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE00AFF7720ABFF25" box="[574,751,235,255]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">
on
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B70FF90FFC4E06EFF7720A7FF25" author="Gonzalez, F." box="[602,739,235,255]" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" pagination="5 - 10" refId="ref4035" refString="Gonzalez, F. (1998) Two new species of Aristolochia (Aristolochiaceae) from Brazil and Peru. Brittonia 50: 5 - 10. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 2807710" type="journal article" year="1998">González 1998</bibRefCitation>
)
</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BFF772191FF25" box="[783,981,235,255]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B70FF90FFC4E13BFF7721CAFF25" author="Hoehne, F. C." box="[783,910,235,255]" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" pagination="1 - 141" refId="ref4186" refString="Hoehne, F. C. (1942) Aristolochiaceas. Flora Brasilica 15 (2): 1 - 141, t. 1 - 123. Instituto de Botanica, Sao Paulo." type="journal article" year="1942">Hoehne, 1942</bibRefCitation>
and
</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0FF7726E3FF25" box="[1012,1191,235,255]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">
on
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B70FF90FFC4E625FF7726E4FF25" author="Gonzalez, F." box="[1041,1184,235,255]" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" pagination="193 - 202" refId="ref4113" refString="Gonzalez, F. (2012) Floristica y sistematica filogenetica innecesariamente disyuntas: El caso de Aristolochia, Euglypha y Holostylis. Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales 36 (139): 193 - 202." type="journal article" year="2012">González, 2012</bibRefCitation>
)
</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE6F1FF7727CFFF25" box="[1221,1419,235,255]" gridcol="5" gridrow="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">
on Freitas
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF90FFC4E711FF702708FF24" box="[1317,1356,235,254]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">et al</emphasis>
.
</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291FE9527CFFEC7" box="[165,1419,265,285]" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-4="1">
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BFE952191FEC7" box="[783,981,265,285]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">
González
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF90FFC4E15EFE9621DCFEC7" box="[874,920,266,285]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">et al.</emphasis>
in
</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE6F1FE9527CFFEC7" box="[1221,1419,265,285]" gridcol="5" gridrow="2" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">2013A)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291FEB427CFFEE6" box="[165,1419,296,316]" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1">
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BFEB42191FEE6" box="[783,981,296,316]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">press.)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291FED327CFFEB9" box="[165,1419,335,355]" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">
<th id="76C15DBFFF90003FE291FED32373FEB9" box="[165,311,335,355]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">Habit</th>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE36CFED32064FEB9" box="[344,544,335,355]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">herb</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE00AFED320ABFEB9" box="[574,751,335,355]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">climber</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BFED32191FEB9" box="[783,981,335,355]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">climber</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0FED326E3FEB9" box="[1012,1191,335,355]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">herb</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE6F1FED327CFFEB9" box="[1221,1419,335,355]" gridcol="5" gridrow="4" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">climber</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291FEEA27CFFE50" box="[165,1419,374,394]" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">
<th id="76C15DBFFF90003FE291FEEA2373FE50" box="[165,311,374,394]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">Length of</th>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE36CFEEA2064FE50" box="[344,544,374,394]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">5.6–16.5 cm</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE00AFEEA20ABFE50" box="[574,751,374,394]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">2.3–5 cm</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BFEEA2191FE50" box="[783,981,374,394]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">2–5.5 cm</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0FEEA26E3FE50" box="[1012,1191,374,394]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">2–3.5 cm</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE6F1FEEA27CFFE50" box="[1221,1419,374,394]" gridcol="5" gridrow="5" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">3.6–7.2 cm</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291FE0827CFFE72" box="[165,1419,404,424]" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1">
<th id="76C15DBFFF90003FE291FE082373FE72" box="[165,311,404,424]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">petiole</th>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291FE2727CFFE15" box="[165,1419,443,463]" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">
<th id="76C15DBFFF90003FE291FE272373FE15" box="[165,311,443,463]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">Leaf blade</th>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE36CFE272064FE15" box="[344,544,443,463]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">very widely ovate,</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE00AFE2720ABFE15" box="[574,751,443,463]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">narrowly-ovate,</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BFE272191FE15" box="[783,981,443,463]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">ovate to narrowly</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0FE2726E3FE15" box="[1012,1191,443,463]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">very widely ovate</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE6F1FE2727CFFE15" box="[1221,1419,443,463]" gridcol="5" gridrow="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">ovate-deltoid, 9–23 ×</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291FE4627CFFE34" box="[165,1419,474,494]" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE36CFE462064FE34" box="[344,544,474,494]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">13.8–16.5 11.0–17.5</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE00AFE4620ABFE34" box="[574,751,474,494]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">10–16 × 5–6.5 cm,</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BFE462191FE34" box="[783,981,474,494]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">ovate, 8–15 × 5–10</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0FE4626E3FE34" box="[1012,1191,474,494]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">(reniform), 7–15(–</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE6F1FE4627CFFE34" box="[1221,1419,474,494]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">4.1–10.8 cm,</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291FE6427CFFDD6" box="[165,1419,504,524]" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE36CFE642064FDD6" box="[344,544,504,524]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">cm, membranaceous,</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE00AFE6420ABFDD6" box="[574,751,504,524]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">chartaceous, base</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BFE642191FDD6" box="[783,981,504,524]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">cm, chartaceous, base</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0FE6426E3FDD6" box="[1012,1191,504,524]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">28) × 12–20(–35)</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE6F1FE6427CFFDD6" box="[1221,1419,504,524]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">chartaceous, base</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291FD8A27CFFDF0" box="[165,1419,534,554]" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE36CFD8A2064FDF0" box="[344,544,534,554]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">base deeply cordate</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE00AFD8A20ABFDF0" box="[574,751,534,554]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">truncate to slightly</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BFD8A2191FDF0" box="[783,981,534,554]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">deeply cordate (with a</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0FD8A26E3FDF0" box="[1012,1191,534,554]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">cm, chartaceous,</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE6F1FD8A27CFFDF0" box="[1221,1419,534,554]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">truncate to slightly</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291FDA927CFFD93" box="[165,1419,565,585]" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE36CFDA92064FD93" box="[344,544,565,585]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">(with a sinus 2.8–4.4</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE00AFDA920ABFD93" box="[574,751,565,585]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">cordate (with a sinus</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BFDA92191FD93" box="[783,981,565,585]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">sinus to 1.4–2 cm</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0FDA926E3FD93" box="[1012,1191,565,585]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">base cordate,</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE6F1FDA927CFFD93" box="[1221,1419,565,585]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">cordate (with a sinus</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291FDCF27CFFDBD" box="[165,1419,595,615]" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE36CFDCF2064FDBD" box="[344,544,595,615]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">cm deep), not peltate,</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE00AFDCF20ABFDBD" box="[574,751,595,615]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">&lt;4 mm deep),</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BFDCF2191FDBD" box="[783,981,595,615]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">deep), not peltate,</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0FDCF26E3FDBD" box="[1012,1191,595,615]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">cuneate, not</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE6F1FDCF27CFFDBD" box="[1221,1419,595,615]" gridcol="5" gridrow="12" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">to 1.1 cm deep), not</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291FDEE27CFFD5C" box="[165,1419,626,646]" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE36CFDEE2064FD5C" box="[344,544,626,646]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">apex acuminate</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE00AFDEE20ABFD5C" box="[574,751,626,646]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">slightly peltate,apex</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BFDEE2191FD5C" box="[783,981,626,646]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">apex acute to</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0FDEE26E3FD5C" box="[1012,1191,626,646]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">peltate, apex obtuse</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE6F1FDEE27CFFD5C" box="[1221,1419,626,646]" gridcol="5" gridrow="13" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">peltate, apex acute to</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291FD0C27CFFD7E" box="[165,1419,656,676]" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-4="1">
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE00AFD0C20ABFD7E" box="[574,751,656,676]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">acute to acuminate</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BFD0C2191FD7E" box="[783,981,656,676]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">acuminate,</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE6F1FD0C27CFFD7E" box="[1221,1419,656,676]" gridcol="5" gridrow="14" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">acuminate</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291FD3227CFFD18" box="[165,1419,686,706]" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1">
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BFD322191FD18" box="[783,981,686,706]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">sometimes obtuse</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291FD4927CFFD33" box="[165,1419,725,745]" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">
<th id="76C15DBFFF90003FE291FD492373FD33" box="[165,311,725,745]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">Racemes</th>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE36CFD492064FD33" box="[344,544,725,745]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">0.4–3 cm long,</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE00AFD4920ABFD33" box="[574,751,725,745]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">&lt;5 mm long,</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BFD492191FD33" box="[783,981,725,745]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">2–6.5 cm long,</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0FD4926E3FD33" box="[1012,1191,725,745]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">to 20 cm long,</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE6F1FD4927CFFD33" box="[1221,1419,725,745]" gridcol="5" gridrow="16" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">7–10 mm long,</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291FD6827CFFCD2" box="[165,1419,756,776]" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE36CFD682064FCD2" box="[344,544,756,776]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">congestiflorous,</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE00AFD6820ABFCD2" box="[574,751,756,776]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">congestiflorous,</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BFD682191FCD2" box="[783,981,756,776]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">congestiflorous,</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0FD6826E3FCD2" box="[1012,1191,756,776]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">ramiflorous, with a</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE6F1FD6827CFFCD2" box="[1221,1419,756,776]" gridcol="5" gridrow="17" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">congestiflorous,</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291FC8E27CFFCFC" box="[165,1419,786,806]" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE36CFC8E2064FCFC" box="[344,544,786,806]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">ramiflorous,</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE00AFC8E20ABFCFC" box="[574,751,786,806]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">cauliflorous,</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BFC8E2191FCFC" box="[783,981,786,806]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">cauliflorous</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0FC8E26E3FCFC" box="[1012,1191,786,806]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">few flowers</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE6F1FC8E27CFFCFC" box="[1221,1419,786,806]" gridcol="5" gridrow="18" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">cauliflorous</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291FCAD27CFFC9F" box="[165,1419,817,837]" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-3="1">
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE36CFCAD2064FC9F" box="[344,544,817,837]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">internodes &lt;1 mm</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE00AFCAD20ABFC9F" box="[574,751,817,837]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">internodes &lt;1 mm</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0FCAD26E3FC9F" box="[1012,1191,817,837]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">scattered and</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE6F1FCAD27CFFC9F" box="[1221,1419,817,837]" gridcol="5" gridrow="19" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">internodes &lt;1 mm</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291FCD327CFFCB9" box="[165,1419,847,867]" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-3="1">
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE36CFCD32064FCB9" box="[344,544,847,867]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">long</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE00AFCD320ABFCB9" box="[574,751,847,867]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">long</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0FCD326E3FCB9" box="[1012,1191,847,867]" gridcol="4" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">separated by</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE6F1FCD327CFFCB9" box="[1221,1419,847,867]" gridcol="5" gridrow="20" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">long</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291FCF127CFFC5B" box="[165,1419,877,897]" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-5="1">
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0FCF126E3FC5B" box="[1012,1191,877,897]" gridcol="4" gridrow="21" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">elongated</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291FC1027CFFC7A" box="[165,1419,908,928]" gridrow="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-5="1">
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0FC1026E3FC7A" box="[1012,1191,908,928]" gridcol="4" gridrow="22" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">internodes</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291FC2F27CFFC1D" box="[165,1419,947,967]" gridrow="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">
<th id="76C15DBFFF90003FE291FC2F2373FC1D" box="[165,311,947,967]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">Subtending</th>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE36CFC2F2064FC1D" box="[344,544,947,967]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">bracteose, very</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE00AFC2F20ABFC1D" box="[574,751,947,967]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">bracteose, very</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BFC2F2191FC1D" box="[783,981,947,967]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">bracteose, very</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0FC2F26E3FC1D" box="[1012,1191,947,967]" gridcol="4" gridrow="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">leafy, usually</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE6F1FC2F27CFFC1D" box="[1221,1419,947,967]" gridcol="5" gridrow="23" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">bracteose, very</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291FC4D27CFFC3F" box="[165,1419,977,997]" gridrow="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">
<th id="76C15DBFFF90003FE291FC4D2373FC3F" box="[165,311,977,997]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">leaves</th>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE36CFC4D2064FC3F" box="[344,544,977,997]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">reduced (&lt;5 × 5 mm)</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE00AFC4D20ABFC3F" box="[574,751,977,997]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">reduced(&lt;5 × 5</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BFC4D2191FC3F" box="[783,981,977,997]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">reduced (&lt;5 × 5 mm)</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0FC4D26E3FC3F" box="[1012,1191,977,997]" gridcol="4" gridrow="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">reduced in size but</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE6F1FC4D27CFFC3F" box="[1221,1419,977,997]" gridcol="5" gridrow="24" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">reduced (&lt;5 × 5 mm)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291FC6C27CFFBDE" box="[165,1419,1008,1028]" gridrow="25" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-5="1">
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE00AFC6C20ABFBDE" box="[574,751,1008,1028]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">mm)</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0FC6C26E3FBDE" box="[1012,1191,1008,1028]" gridcol="4" gridrow="25" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">not bracteose (&gt; 1 ×</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291FB9227CFFBF8" box="[165,1419,1038,1058]" gridrow="26" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-5="1">
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0FB9226E3FBF8" box="[1012,1191,1038,1058]" gridcol="4" gridrow="26" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">1 cm)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291FBA927CFFB93" box="[165,1419,1077,1097]" gridrow="27" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">
<th id="76C15DBFFF90003FE291FBA92373FB93" box="[165,311,1077,1097]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">Outer surface of</th>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE36CFBA92064FB93" box="[344,544,1077,1097]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">glabrous</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE00AFBA920ABFB93" box="[574,751,1077,1097]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">glabrous</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BFBA92191FB93" box="[783,981,1077,1097]" gridcol="3" gridrow="27" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">puberulous</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0FBA926E3FB93" box="[1012,1191,1077,1097]" gridcol="4" gridrow="27" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">glabrous</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE6F1FBA927CFFB93" box="[1221,1419,1077,1097]" gridcol="5" gridrow="27" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">glabrous</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291FBCF27CFFBBD" box="[165,1419,1107,1127]" gridrow="28" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1">
<th id="76C15DBFFF90003FE291FBCF2373FBBD" box="[165,311,1107,1127]" gridcol="0" gridrow="28" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">the perianth</th>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291FBE727CFFB55" box="[165,1419,1147,1167]" gridrow="29" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">
<th id="76C15DBFFF90003FE291FBE72373FB55" box="[165,311,1147,1167]" gridcol="0" gridrow="29" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">Shape and size</th>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE36CFBE72064FB55" box="[344,544,1147,1167]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">ovoid, to 1.1 × 0.7 cm</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE00AFBE720ABFB55" box="[574,751,1147,1167]" gridcol="2" gridrow="29" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">widely obovoid, 5–8</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BFBE72191FB55" box="[783,981,1147,1167]" gridcol="3" gridrow="29" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">elliptic to obovoid, 6–</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0FBE726E3FB55" box="[1012,1191,1147,1167]" gridcol="4" gridrow="29" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">obovoid, 6–12 × ca.</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE6F1FBE727CFFB55" box="[1221,1419,1147,1167]" gridcol="5" gridrow="29" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">ovoid, 4–6 × 5–6 mm</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291FB0527CFFB77" box="[165,1419,1177,1197]" gridrow="30" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-5="1">
<th id="76C15DBFFF90003FE291FB052373FB77" box="[165,311,1177,1197]" gridcol="0" gridrow="30" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">of utricle</th>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE00AFB0520ABFB77" box="[574,751,1177,1197]" gridcol="2" gridrow="30" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">× 3–6 mm</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BFB052191FB77" box="[783,981,1177,1197]" gridcol="3" gridrow="30" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">9 × 4–6 mm</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0FB0526E3FB77" box="[1012,1191,1177,1197]" gridcol="4" gridrow="30" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">5 mm</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291FB5C27CFFB0E" box="[165,1419,1216,1236]" gridrow="31" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">
<th id="76C15DBFFF90003FE291FB5C2373FB0E" box="[165,311,1216,1236]" gridcol="0" gridrow="31" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">Syrinx</th>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE36CFB5C2064FB0E" box="[344,544,1216,1236]" gridcol="1" gridrow="31" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">massive, to 1.5 mm</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE00AFB5C20ABFB0E" box="[574,751,1216,1236]" gridcol="2" gridrow="31" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">absent</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BFB5C2191FB0E" box="[783,981,1216,1236]" gridcol="3" gridrow="31" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">short,</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0FB5C26E3FB0E" box="[1012,1191,1216,1236]" gridcol="4" gridrow="31" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">ring-shaped,</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE6F1FB5C27CFFB0E" box="[1221,1419,1216,1236]" gridcol="5" gridrow="31" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">1.5–1.8 mm long,</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291FB4227CFFB28" box="[165,1419,1246,1266]" gridrow="32" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-2="1">
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE36CFB422064FB28" box="[344,544,1246,1266]" gridcol="1" gridrow="32" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">long, inaequilateral</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BFB422191FB28" box="[783,981,1246,1266]" gridcol="3" gridrow="32" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">membranaceous,</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0FB4226E3FB28" box="[1012,1191,1246,1266]" gridcol="4" gridrow="32" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">equilateral, 0.5–1</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE6F1FB4227CFFB28" box="[1221,1419,1246,1266]" gridcol="5" gridrow="32" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">inaequilateral</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291FB6127CFFACB" box="[165,1419,1277,1297]" gridrow="33" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-5="1">
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BFB612191FACB" box="[783,981,1277,1297]" gridcol="3" gridrow="33" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">inaequilateral, to 0.21</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0FB6126E3FACB" box="[1012,1191,1277,1297]" gridcol="4" gridrow="33" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">mm long</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291FA8727CFFAF5" box="[165,1419,1307,1327]" gridrow="34" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-4="1" rowspan-5="1">
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BFA872191FAF5" box="[783,981,1307,1327]" gridcol="3" gridrow="34" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">mm long</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291FADE27CFFA8C" box="[165,1419,1346,1366]" gridrow="35" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">
<th id="76C15DBFFF90003FE291FADE2373FA8C" box="[165,311,1346,1366]" gridcol="0" gridrow="35" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">Shape and</th>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE36CFADE2064FA8C" box="[344,544,1346,1366]" gridcol="1" gridrow="35" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">funnel-shape, to 1.66</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE00AFADE20ABFA8C" box="[574,751,1346,1366]" gridcol="2" gridrow="35" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">funnel-shape, 1–2</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BFADE2191FA8C" box="[783,981,1346,1366]" gridcol="3" gridrow="35" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">funnel-shape, 6–15</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0FADE26E3FA8C" box="[1012,1191,1346,1366]" gridcol="4" gridrow="35" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">extremely</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE6F1FADE27CFFA8C" box="[1221,1419,1346,1366]" gridcol="5" gridrow="35" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">funnel-shape, 0.8–1.5</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291FAFD27CFFAAF" box="[165,1419,1377,1397]" gridrow="36" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">
<th id="76C15DBFFF90003FE291FAFD2373FAAF" box="[165,311,1377,1397]" gridcol="0" gridrow="36" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">length of tube</th>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE36CFAFD2064FAAF" box="[344,544,1377,1397]" gridcol="1" gridrow="36" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">cm long</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE00AFAFD20ABFAAF" box="[574,751,1377,1397]" gridcol="2" gridrow="36" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">cm long</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BFAFD2191FAAF" box="[783,981,1377,1397]" gridcol="3" gridrow="36" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">mm long</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0FAFD26E3FAAF" box="[1012,1191,1377,1397]" gridcol="4" gridrow="36" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">shortened and</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE6F1FAFD27CFFAAF" box="[1221,1419,1377,1397]" gridcol="5" gridrow="36" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">cm long</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291FAE327CFFA49" box="[165,1419,1407,1427]" gridrow="37" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-5="1">
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0FAE326E3FA49" box="[1012,1191,1407,1427]" gridcol="4" gridrow="37" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">indifferentiated</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291FA3A27CFFA60" box="[165,1419,1446,1466]" gridrow="38" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">
<th id="76C15DBFFF90003FE291FA3A2373FA60" box="[165,311,1446,1466]" gridcol="0" gridrow="38" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">Shape and size</th>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE36CFA3A2064FA60" box="[344,544,1446,1466]" gridcol="1" gridrow="38" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">strongly</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE00AFA3A20ABFA60" box="[574,751,1446,1466]" gridcol="2" gridrow="38" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">strongly</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BFA3A2191FA60" box="[783,981,1446,1466]" gridcol="3" gridrow="38" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">strongly</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0FA3A26E3FA60" box="[1012,1191,1446,1466]" gridcol="4" gridrow="38" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">very slightly</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE6F1FA3A27CFFA60" box="[1221,1419,1446,1466]" gridcol="5" gridrow="38" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">broadly elliptic to</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291FA5827CFFA02" box="[165,1419,1476,1496]" gridrow="39" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">
<th id="76C15DBFFF90003FE291FA582373FA02" box="[165,311,1476,1496]" gridcol="0" gridrow="39" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">of the perianth</th>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE36CFA582064FA02" box="[344,544,1476,1496]" gridcol="1" gridrow="39" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">monosymmetric,</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE00AFA5820ABFA02" box="[574,751,1476,1496]" gridcol="2" gridrow="39" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">monosymmetric,</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BFA582191FA02" box="[783,981,1476,1496]" gridcol="3" gridrow="39" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">monosymmetric,</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0FA5826E3FA02" box="[1012,1191,1476,1496]" gridcol="4" gridrow="39" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">monosymmetric,</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE6F1FA5827CFFA02" box="[1221,1419,1476,1496]" gridcol="5" gridrow="39" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">broadly obovate, 2.2–</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291FA7F27CFFA2D" box="[165,1419,1507,1527]" gridrow="40" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">
<th id="76C15DBFFF90003FE291FA7F2373FA2D" box="[165,311,1507,1527]" gridcol="0" gridrow="40" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">limb at anthesis</th>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE36CFA7F2064FA2D" box="[344,544,1507,1527]" gridcol="1" gridrow="40" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">broadly elliptic, 1.82–</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE00AFA7F20ABFA2D" box="[574,751,1507,1527]" gridcol="2" gridrow="40" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">oblong to narrowly</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BFA7F2191FA2D" box="[783,981,1507,1527]" gridcol="3" gridrow="40" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">ovate, to 0.99 × 0.49</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0FA7F26E3FA2D" box="[1012,1191,1507,1527]" gridcol="4" gridrow="40" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">bell-shaped, 1.5–</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE6F1FA7F27CFFA2D" box="[1221,1419,1507,1527]" gridcol="5" gridrow="40" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">2.9 × 1.3–1.7 cm,</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291F99D27CFF9CF" box="[165,1419,1537,1557]" gridrow="41" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE36CF99D2064F9CF" box="[344,544,1537,1557]" gridcol="1" gridrow="41" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">2.0 × 1.1–1.3 cm,</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE00AF99D20ABF9CF" box="[574,751,1537,1557]" gridcol="2" gridrow="41" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">ovate, 1.5–2 × 0.9–</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BF99D2191F9CF" box="[783,981,1537,1557]" gridcol="3" gridrow="41" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">cm, concave, margin</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0F99D26E3F9CF" box="[1012,1191,1537,1557]" gridcol="4" gridrow="41" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">2.5 × 1.3–3</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE6F1F99D27CFF9CF" box="[1221,1419,1537,1557]" gridcol="5" gridrow="41" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">base emarginate, not</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291F9BC27CFF9EE" box="[165,1419,1568,1588]" gridrow="42" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE36CF9BC2064F9EE" box="[344,544,1568,1588]" gridcol="1" gridrow="42" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">base emarginate, not</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE00AF9BC20ABF9EE" box="[574,751,1568,1588]" gridcol="2" gridrow="42" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">1.5 cm, base not</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BF9BC2191F9EE" box="[783,981,1568,1588]" gridcol="3" gridrow="42" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">not revolute, base</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0F9BC26E3F9EE" box="[1012,1191,1568,1588]" gridcol="4" gridrow="42" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">cm,base peltate,</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE6F1F9BC27CFF9EE" box="[1221,1419,1568,1588]" gridcol="5" gridrow="42" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">peltate, apex obtuse</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291F9A227CFF988" box="[165,1419,1598,1618]" gridrow="43" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE36CF9A22064F988" box="[344,544,1598,1618]" gridcol="1" gridrow="43" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">peltate, apex</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE00AF9A220ABF988" box="[574,751,1598,1618]" gridcol="2" gridrow="43" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">peltate, apex obtuse,</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BF9A22191F988" box="[783,981,1598,1618]" gridcol="3" gridrow="43" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">peltate emarginate,</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0F9A226E3F988" box="[1012,1191,1598,1618]" gridcol="4" gridrow="43" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">rounded, apex</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE6F1F9A227CFF988" box="[1221,1419,1598,1618]" gridcol="5" gridrow="43" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">but ending in a very</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291F9C027CFF9AA" box="[165,1419,1628,1648]" gridrow="44" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE36CF9C02064F9AA" box="[344,544,1628,1648]" gridcol="1" gridrow="44" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">emarginate</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE00AF9C020ABF9AA" box="[574,751,1628,1648]" gridcol="2" gridrow="44" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">acuminate</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BF9C02191F9AA" box="[783,981,1628,1648]" gridcol="3" gridrow="44" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">and apex emarginate</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0F9C026E3F9AA" box="[1012,1191,1628,1648]" gridcol="4" gridrow="44" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">obtuse-emarginate</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE6F1F9C027CFF9AA" box="[1221,1419,1628,1648]" gridcol="5" gridrow="44" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">short acumen</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291F91827CFF942" box="[165,1419,1668,1688]" gridrow="45" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">
<th id="76C15DBFFF90003FE291F9182373F942" box="[165,311,1668,1688]" gridcol="0" gridrow="45" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">Capsule</th>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE36CF9182064F942" box="[344,544,1668,1688]" gridcol="1" gridrow="45" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">fusiform, to 3.2 ×</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE00AF91820ABF942" box="[574,751,1668,1688]" gridcol="2" gridrow="45" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">broadly cylindrical,</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BF9182191F942" box="[783,981,1668,1688]" gridcol="3" gridrow="45" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">cylindrical, 3.5–4 ×</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0F91826E3F942" box="[1012,1191,1668,1688]" gridcol="4" gridrow="45" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">cylindrical, 3–5 ×</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE6F1F91827CFF942" box="[1221,1419,1668,1688]" gridcol="5" gridrow="45" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">subglobose, ca. 1.9 ×</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291F93E27CFF96D" box="[165,1419,1698,1719]" gridrow="46" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE36CF93E2064F96D" box="[344,544,1698,1719]" gridcol="1" gridrow="46" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">1.15 cm apex long-</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE00AF93E20ABF96D" box="[574,751,1698,1719]" gridcol="2" gridrow="46" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">
2.9–3.8
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF90FFC4E0BCF93820D7F96D" bold="true" box="[648,659,1700,1719]" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">×</emphasis>
1.6–1.7
</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BF93E2191F96D" box="[783,981,1698,1719]" gridcol="3" gridrow="46" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">1–1.2 cm, apex</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0F93E26E3F96D" box="[1012,1191,1698,1719]" gridcol="4" gridrow="46" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">1–1.4 cm, apex</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE6F1F93E27CFF96D" box="[1221,1419,1698,1719]" gridcol="5" gridrow="46" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">1.6 cm, apex shortly</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291F95C27CFF90D" box="[165,1419,1728,1751]" gridrow="47" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE36CF95C2064F90D" box="[344,544,1728,1751]" gridcol="1" gridrow="47" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">rostrate, 1.2 cm long</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE00AF95C20ABF90D" box="[574,751,1728,1751]" gridcol="2" gridrow="47" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">cm, apex shortly</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BF95C2191F90D" box="[783,981,1728,1751]" gridcol="3" gridrow="47" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">truncate to shortly</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0F95C26E3F90D" box="[1012,1191,1728,1751]" gridcol="4" gridrow="47" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">shortly rostrate,</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE6F1F95C27CFF90D" box="[1221,1419,1728,1751]" gridcol="5" gridrow="47" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">rostrate, rostrum to 1</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291F94327CFF92F" box="[165,1419,1759,1781]" gridrow="48" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1">
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE00AF94320ABF92F" box="[574,751,1759,1781]" gridcol="2" gridrow="48" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">rostrate, rostrum &lt;</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BF9432191F92F" box="[783,981,1759,1781]" gridcol="3" gridrow="48" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">rostrate, rostrum to 1</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0F94326E3F92F" box="[1012,1191,1759,1781]" gridcol="4" gridrow="48" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">rostrum to 1 mm</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE6F1F94327CFF92F" box="[1221,1419,1759,1781]" gridcol="5" gridrow="48" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">mm long</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291F96127CFF8CE" box="[165,1419,1789,1812]" gridrow="49" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-5="1">
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE00AF96120ABF8CE" box="[574,751,1789,1812]" gridcol="2" gridrow="49" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">1 mm long</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BF9612191F8CE" box="[783,981,1789,1812]" gridcol="3" gridrow="49" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">mm long</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0F96126E3F8CE" box="[1012,1191,1789,1812]" gridcol="4" gridrow="49" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">long</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291F8BB27CFF8E1" box="[165,1419,1831,1851]" gridrow="50" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">
<th id="76C15DBFFF90003FE291F8BB2373F8E1" box="[165,311,1831,1851]" gridcol="0" gridrow="50" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">Distribution</th>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE36CF8BB2064F8E1" box="[344,544,1831,1851]" gridcol="1" gridrow="50" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">Brazil (Espírito Santo</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE00AF8BB20ABF8E1" box="[574,751,1831,1851]" gridcol="2" gridrow="50" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">Brazil (Espírito</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BF8BB2191F8E1" box="[783,981,1831,1851]" gridcol="3" gridrow="50" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">Brazil (Amazonas</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0F8BB26E3F8E1" box="[1012,1191,1831,1851]" gridcol="4" gridrow="50" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">Brazil (Goiás,</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE6F1F8BB27CFF8E1" box="[1221,1419,1831,1851]" gridcol="5" gridrow="50" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">Brazil (Espírito</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291F8D927CFF883" box="[165,1419,1861,1881]" gridrow="51" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" rowspan-0="1">
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE36CF8D92064F883" box="[344,544,1861,1881]" gridcol="1" gridrow="51" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">and Bahia)</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE00AF8D920ABF883" box="[574,751,1861,1881]" gridcol="2" gridrow="51" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">Santo and Bahia)</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BF8D92191F883" box="[783,981,1861,1881]" gridcol="3" gridrow="51" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">and Pará), Bolivia,</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0F8D926E3F883" box="[1012,1191,1861,1881]" gridcol="4" gridrow="51" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">Maranhão, Mato</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE6F1F8D927CFF883" box="[1221,1419,1861,1881]" gridcol="5" gridrow="51" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">Santo)</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291F8F827CFF8A2" box="[165,1419,1892,1912]" gridrow="52" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-5="1">
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BF8F82191F8A2" box="[783,981,1892,1912]" gridcol="3" gridrow="52" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">French Guiana, Peru</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0F8F826E3F8A2" box="[1012,1191,1892,1912]" gridcol="4" gridrow="52" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">Grosso, Mato</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291F81E27CFF84C" box="[165,1419,1922,1942]" gridrow="53" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-5="1">
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE13BF81E2191F84C" box="[783,981,1922,1942]" gridcol="3" gridrow="53" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">and Venezuela</td>
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0F81E26E3F84C" box="[1012,1191,1922,1942]" gridcol="4" gridrow="53" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">Grosso do Sul,</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291F83C27CFF86E" box="[165,1419,1952,1972]" gridrow="54" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-5="1">
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0F83C26E3F86E" box="[1012,1191,1952,1972]" gridcol="4" gridrow="54" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">Tocantins).</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291F85C27CFF809" box="[165,1419,1984,2003]" gridrow="55" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-5="1">
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0F85C26E3F809" box="[1012,1191,1984,2003]" gridcol="4" gridrow="55" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">Paraguay</td>
</tr>
<tr id="351034C3FF90003FE291F84127CFF82B" box="[165,1419,2013,2033]" gridrow="56" pageId="4" pageNumber="266" rowspan-0="1" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-5="1">
<td id="76C15DBFFF90003FE1C0F84126E3F82B" box="[1012,1191,2013,2033]" gridcol="4" gridrow="56" pageId="4" pageNumber="266">(Amambay)</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<subSubSection id="C33A650AFF91FFC5E2F2FF04204CFE98" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" type="conservation">
<paragraph id="8B9F3681FF91FFC5E2F2FF04204CFE98" blockId="5.[151,1436,152,971]" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF91FFC5E2F2FF0423FAFF68" bold="true" box="[198,446,152,178]" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">Conservation status</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF91FFC5E3F3FF0423A0FF68" bold="true" box="[455,484,152,178]" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">—</emphasis>
Tentatively, the species may be considered Endangered (B1, B2a, B2b(iii), and D) according to the IUCN Red List (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B70FF91FFC5E01CFF2120F8FF0C" author="IUCN" box="[552,700,189,214]" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" refId="ref4221" refString="IUCN. (2011) Guidelines for using the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Version 10. Prepared by the Standards and Petitions Subcommittee. Available from: http: // www. iucnredlist. org / documents / RedListGuidelines. pdf (accessed 09 Aug 2013)." type="book" year="2011">IUCN, 2011</bibRefCitation>
) and the Geospatial Conservation Assessment Tool (GeoCat) (
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B70FF91FFC5E2AAFF7D23D3FF20" author="Bachman S. &amp; Moat, J. &amp; Hill, A. W. &amp; de la Torre, J. &amp; Scott, B." box="[158,407,225,250]" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" pagination="117 - 126" refId="ref3370" refString="Bachman S., Moat, J., Hill, A. W., de la Torre, J. &amp; Scott, B. (2011) &quot; Supporting Red List threat assessments with GeoCAT: geospatial conservation assessment tool. &quot; In: Smith, V., Penev, L. (Eds) e-Infrastructures for data publishing in biodiversity science. ZooKeys 150: 117 - 126. (Version BETA) * http: // dx. doi. org / 10.3897 / zookeys. 150.2109" type="journal article" year="2011">
Bachman
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF91FFC5E327FF7E2302FF23" box="[275,326,225,249]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">et al</emphasis>
., 2011
</bibRefCitation>
), due to the small area of occurrence (&lt;
<quantity id="4CD89B64FF91FFC5E152FF7D2193FF20" box="[870,983,225,250]" metricMagnitude="6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" unit="km" value="5000.0">5,000 km</quantity>
²), small area of occupancy (&lt;
<quantity id="4CD89B64FF91FFC5E71EFF7D27C2FF20" box="[1322,1414,225,250]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" unit="km" value="500.0">500 km</quantity>
²), with just 3 places of occurrence and 3 populations; fragmentation and decline in the quality of habitat and few mature individuals known (&lt;50).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33A650AFF91FFC5E2F2FED121D6FE51" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8B9F3681FF91FFC5E2F2FED121D6FE51" blockId="5.[151,1436,152,971]" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF91FFC5E2F2FED12309FEBD" bold="true" box="[198,333,333,359]" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">Etymology</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF91FFC5E361FED12336FEBD" bold="true" box="[341,370,333,359]" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">—</emphasis>
The specific epithet honors the Brazilian botanist André Moreira de Assis, mentor of many biologist in the country and one of the collectors of the new species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C33A650AFF91FFC5E2F2FE0A22B6FC11" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8B9F3681FF91FFC5E2F2FE0A20D3FD29" blockId="5.[151,1436,152,971]" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF91FFC5E2F2FE0A2303FE75" bold="true" box="[198,327,406,431]" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">Comments</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF91FFC5E37BFE0A232FFE75" bold="true" box="[335,363,406,431]" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">—</emphasis>
The floral morphology of
<taxonomicName id="4C204D02FF91FFC5E0ADFE0A2137FE74" authorityName="Freitas &amp; Lírio &amp; González" authorityYear="2014" box="[665,883,406,430]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="assisii">
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF91FFC5E0ADFE0A2137FE74" box="[665,883,406,430]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">Aristolochia assisii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles that found in
<taxonomicName id="4C204D02FF91FFC5E6A7FE0B271CFE74" authority="Mast." authorityName="Masters" authorityYear="1875" box="[1171,1368,406,430]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="disticha">
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF91FFC5E6A7FE0B2749FE74" box="[1171,1293,406,430]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">A. disticha</emphasis>
Mast.
</taxonomicName>
, from
<collectingCountry id="F3377611FF91FFC5E2A3FE262354FE09" box="[151,272,442,467]" name="Venezuela" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">Venezuela</collectingCountry>
(Alto Orinoco),
<collectingCountry id="F3377611FF91FFC5E3EFFE262067FE09" box="[475,547,442,467]" name="Brazil" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">Brazil</collectingCountry>
(Amazonas and Pará),
<collectingCountry id="F3377611FF91FFC5E108FE2621AFFE09" box="[828,1003,442,467]" name="French Guiana" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">French Guiana</collectingCountry>
(Saint Laurent), and
<collectingCountry id="F3377611FF91FFC5E6D9FE272766FE08" box="[1261,1314,443,466]" name="Peru" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">Peru</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B70FF91FFC5E707FE262307FE2D" author="Brako, L. &amp; Zarucchi, J. L." pageId="5" pageNumber="267" pagination="i - xl" refId="ref3528" refString="Brako, L. &amp; Zarucchi, J. L. (eds.) (1993) Catalogue of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Peru. Monographs in Systematic Botany from the Missouri Botanical Garden 45: i - xl, pp. 1286." type="journal article" year="1993">Brako &amp; Zarucchi 1993</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B70FF91FFC5E364FE422025FE2D" author="Feuillet, C. &amp; Poncy, O." box="[336,609,478,503]" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" pagination="1 - 23" refId="ref3640" refString="Feuillet, C. &amp; Poncy, O. (1998) Aristolochiaceae. In: A. R. A. Gorts-van Rijn &amp; M. J. Jansen-Jacobs (eds.), Flora of the Guianas, vol. 10. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. pp. 1 - 23. http: // dx. doi. org / 10.2307 / 4111187" type="book chapter" year="1998">Feuillet &amp; Poncy, 1998</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B70FF91FFC5E05AFE42217CFE2D" author="Funk, V. A. &amp; Berry, P. E. &amp; Alexander, S. &amp; Hollowell, T. H. &amp; Kelloff, C. L." box="[622,824,478,503]" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" pagination="1 - 584" refId="ref3819" refString="Funk, V. A., Berry, P. E., Alexander, S., Hollowell, T. H. &amp; Kelloff, C. L. (2007) Checklist of the Plants of the Guiana Shield (Venezuela: Amazonas, Bolivar, Delta Amacuro; Guyana, Surinam, French Guiana). Contributions from the US National Herbarium 55: 1 - 584." type="journal article" year="2007">Funk et al., 2007</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B70FF91FFC5E171FE432612FE2D" author="Barros, F. de &amp; Araujo, A. A. M." box="[837,1110,478,503]" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" refId="ref3463" refString="Barros, F. de &amp; Araujo, A. A. M. (2014) Aristolochiaceae. In: Lista de Especies da Flora do Brasil. Jardim Botanico do Rio de Janeiro. Available from: http: // floradobrasil. jbrj. gov. br / jabot / floradobrasil / FB 54. (Accessed in 25 March 2014)." type="url" year="2014">Barros &amp; Araújo, 2014</bibRefCitation>
), and in
<taxonomicName id="4C204D02FF91FFC5E68FFE43270DFE2C" authorityName="F. Gonzalez" authorityYear="1998" box="[1211,1353,478,502]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bahiensis">
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF91FFC5E68FFE43270DFE2C" box="[1211,1353,478,502]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">A. bahiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C204D02FF91FFC5E7B7FE43235EFDC1" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="subglobosa">
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF91FFC5E7B7FE43235EFDC1" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">A. subglobosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(the latter two sympatric with the new species). However,
<taxonomicName id="4C204D02FF91FFC5E1FCFD9F2675FDC0" authorityName="Freitas &amp; Lírio &amp; González" authorityYear="2014" box="[968,1073,515,538]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="assisii">
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF91FFC5E1FCFD9F2675FDC0" box="[968,1073,515,538]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">A. assisii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
possesses a unique herbaceous habit and a relatively rapid flowering, which might indicate the occurrence of neoteny in this species. All the remaining species of subseries
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF91FFC5E3CAFDD720E7FDB9" box="[510,675,587,611]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">Anthocaulicae</emphasis>
are woody climbers and the flowering occurs after many years of vegetative growth. The presence of racemose inflorescences in a herbaceous
<taxonomicName id="4C204D02FF91FFC5E63EFDF226D3FD5C" box="[1034,1175,622,646]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF91FFC5E63EFDF226D3FD5C" box="[1034,1175,622,646]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">Aristolochia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
occurs in
<taxonomicName id="4C204D02FF91FFC5E73AFDF32319FD71" authority="(Gonzalez, 2012)" baseAuthorityName="Gonzalez" baseAuthorityYear="2012" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="holostylis">
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF91FFC5E73AFDF327D8FD5C" box="[1294,1436,622,646]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">A. holostylis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B70FF91FFC5E2ABFD0E2311FD71" author="Gonzalez, F." box="[159,341,658,683]" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" pagination="193 - 202" refId="ref4113" refString="Gonzalez, F. (2012) Floristica y sistematica filogenetica innecesariamente disyuntas: El caso de Aristolochia, Euglypha y Holostylis. Revista de la Academia Colombiana de Ciencias Exactas, Fisicas y Naturales 36 (139): 193 - 202." type="journal article" year="2012">González, 2012</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, but in this species the internodes of the raceme are not shortened and the subtending leaves are not as reduced as in
<taxonomicName id="4C204D02FF91FFC5E34AFD2B23A0FD14" authorityName="Freitas &amp; Lírio &amp; González" authorityYear="2014" box="[382,484,695,718]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="assisii">
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF91FFC5E34AFD2B23A0FD14" box="[382,484,695,718]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">A. assisii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. In Table I we compare in detail the habit as well as the morphology and size of the perianth and the capsule of these five species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8B9F3681FF91FFC5E2F2FD6322B6FC11" blockId="5.[151,1436,152,971]" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">
In the new species, the young perianth is almost linear in relation to the utricle (
<figureCitation id="131B2A04FF91FFC5E6BFFD62274BFCCD" box="[1163,1295,766,791]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[151,248,1929,1950]" captionTargetBox="[175,1413,1064,1888]" captionTargetId="figure-101@3.[151,1436,1044,1907]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3: Aristolochia assisii. A. Habit. B Raceme with flowers during anthesis. C Flower in post-anthesis. D Capsules. Photographs by André Moreira de Assis (A-C, from A. M. Assis et al. 2327) and Joelcio Freitas (D, from da Rosa et al. 166)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5132479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5132479/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">Figure 3 B</figureCitation>
(a)), but the curvature between the utricle and the tube gradually reaches an angle of 60º by the time of anthesis (
<figureCitation id="131B2A04FF91FFC5E6DBFCBE272FFCE1" box="[1263,1387,802,827]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[151,248,1929,1950]" captionTargetBox="[175,1413,1064,1888]" captionTargetId="figure-101@3.[151,1436,1044,1907]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3: Aristolochia assisii. A. Habit. B Raceme with flowers during anthesis. C Flower in post-anthesis. D Capsules. Photographs by André Moreira de Assis (A-C, from A. M. Assis et al. 2327) and Joelcio Freitas (D, from da Rosa et al. 166)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5132479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5132479/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">Figure 3-B</figureCitation>
(b)). By post-anthesis, the limb curves inwards (
<figureCitation id="131B2A04FF91FFC5E04FFCDA20BEFC85" box="[635,762,838,863]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[151,248,1929,1950]" captionTargetBox="[175,1413,1064,1888]" captionTargetId="figure-101@3.[151,1436,1044,1907]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3: Aristolochia assisii. A. Habit. B Raceme with flowers during anthesis. C Flower in post-anthesis. D Capsules. Photographs by André Moreira de Assis (A-C, from A. M. Assis et al. 2327) and Joelcio Freitas (D, from da Rosa et al. 166)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5132479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5132479/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">Figure 3-C</figureCitation>
). Gradual changes often occur during perianth development and growth. The variation observed in the contour of the perianth during flower development and growth is observed also in many species of
<taxonomicName id="4C204D02FF91FFC5E02FFC1220ECFC7C" box="[539,680,910,934]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aristolochiaceae" genus="Aristolochia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Piperales" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF91FFC5E02FFC1220ECFC7C" box="[539,680,910,934]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">Aristolochia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B70FF91FFC5E083FC1221EDFC7D" author="Costa, E. &amp; Hime, N." box="[695,937,910,935]" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" pagination="23 - 44" refId="ref3575" refString="Costa, E. &amp; Hime, N. (1981) Biologia floral de Aristolochia gigantea Mart. &amp; Zucc. (Aristolochiaceae). Rodriguesia, 33 (56): 23 - 44." type="journal article" year="1981">Costa &amp; Hime, 1981</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="EFB14B70FF91FFC5E182FC1226BBFC7D" author="Gonzalez, F. &amp; Stevenson, D. W." box="[950,1279,910,935]" pageId="5" pageNumber="267" pagination="370 - 391" refId="ref4157" refString="Gonzalez, F. &amp; Stevenson, D. W. (2000) Perianth development and systematics of Aristolochia. Flora, 195: 370 - 391." type="journal article" year="2000">González &amp; Stevenson 2000</bibRefCitation>
, Freitas
<emphasis id="B954EA93FF91FFC5E756FC1327D0FC7C" box="[1378,1428,910,934]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="267">et al</emphasis>
. 2013B).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

332
data/26/FB/F6/26FBF6B4692C50A090C8B3927D7B8DE9.xml Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,332 @@
<document id="18A3C04075BF57231D157EE63FFCCECF" ID-DOI="10.3897/jhr.98.141572" ID-ZooBank="57580D57-10C7-4FE2-A997-624E3CE20BE5" ID-publisher-id="141572" URI-arpha="58DE049E-D024-5282-A795-0E588202618E" URI-zoobank="http://zoobank.org/57580D57-10C7-4FE2-A997-624E3CE20BE5" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1744125335037" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Kim, Jaehee, Kwon, Oh-Seok, Yamane, Seiki &amp; Choi, Moon Bo" docDate="2025" docId="26FBF6B4692C50A090C8B3927D7B8DE9" docLanguage="en" docName="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 98: 435-465" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 98" docSource="https://jhr.pensoft.net/article/141572/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docTitle="Vespa dybowskii Andre 1884" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="465" masterDocId="58DE049ED0245282A7950E588202618E" masterDocTitle="Comparative morphological analysis of mature larvae of eight Vespa Linnaeus, 1758 species (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) in South Korea" masterLastPageNumber="465" masterPageNumber="435" pageNumber="435" updateTime="1744126111890" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="2FE5F44CE0793255D4DE2C7C4C68B303" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="E495C3E1DD40CACDDA67136EE09CE7BF">
<mods:title id="DEB64318022A560EE76303DB845C908A">Comparative morphological analysis of mature larvae of eight Vespa Linnaeus, 1758 species (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) in South Korea</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="4BA8196684ACB3FFD21BC2FA8527AAF4" type="personal">
<mods:role id="A9C2BAB102229E185630EF1E47A388FD">
<mods:roleTerm id="5C8D54AE094F64A049097F246905F03D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="5AFAEFDC46B3A6B906E0BFB486FE326C">Kim, Jaehee</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="5A3D1B96C8DEA40CCAAFCD080BF5AA59" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4211-4232</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="D10D1D2C8D34013FF079EC2F8C9AA694">Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="107A01FF68C71A93D6A3D2FE1B20F14F" type="personal">
<mods:role id="78AA25006C2C4A503055E21B739DD329">
<mods:roleTerm id="8117B018147DDADB202890DE0C66A4FA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="E5226254F6EFB6A05F93CEE9E46BC2D2">Kwon, Oh-Seok</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="C7266BE717A84A290CCBEBC460DCF8B0" type="ORCID">0000-0001-9075-3994</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="0550814BC7B5770B7625A8D1AAA24FBF">Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="4CEB5F1FB95AE88A5F19765EC37B7908" type="personal">
<mods:role id="B1E1D886F51D9510C87580C1F9BFF0EB">
<mods:roleTerm id="B1AB322F7D2EB9E33A6D1EB2790D5CD3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="91E8FC37B82C28B3EC8F664C758692F9">Yamane, Seiki</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="FC4ED59D2F5B50E5ECC72A76D6403227">Department of Plant Medicine, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="92C883FBC7BC08C293F3669B5312ADC1" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F7D192A460BFBCE22BC52AE4B0F8389F">
<mods:roleTerm id="70763C7CAE5D567EA6E96F69279D0771">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D690BC1237DFDB89B1A4D10F01D2F9B1">Choi, Moon Bo</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="0B0A3DD39FAD85AA2E751EFA3A00D665" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7742-3704</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="7963986DBBD3CF87675CCBCA2AD9F033">Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="86A59FAB9225C1F7D9DACA1D6BDD3290">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="F78F5E5EFE2E9D0688CC17FF986F4FFB" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="72ADC42FA256D2DF2CB041320F8B079A">
<mods:title id="448C5C5BC8DB2D186FFE6C9BB16E3EAA">Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="755C72B8049FDEDBA2941D2A3FA9F892">
<mods:date id="109AA497B4E238FFF47BAAF94B7A0E94">2025</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="38A13B3F0A53AF0055649D9C8D6BE655" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="4132D639CF30DE608BB67CC818854CD7">2025-04-08</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="955ADB93FF5153FFF31260CC1A9D0988" type="volume">
<mods:number id="9E44DCD4304BDD51978A8884C28BB387">98</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="39DB9F54E51B4D8F10107EC67452D143" unit="page">
<mods:start id="914EBF222BFBC1538FC9E569AA80510E">435</mods:start>
<mods:end id="48D1F3B35051952F2349D06FC354F759">465</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="1341D606FDE4762DF3E7B7EB7F7375A0">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="AD71A7F3EDAF2D59B8B16BA627397B46" type="DOI">10.3897/jhr.98.141572</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="264504D0181C09AC31AE1FB422E437E2" type="ZooBank">57580D57-10C7-4FE2-A997-624E3CE20BE5</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="26FBF6B4692C50A090C8B3927D7B8DE9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15175760" ID-Zenodo-Dep="15175760" ID-arpha="26FBF6B4-692C-50A0-90C8-B3927D7B8DE9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:26FBF6B4692C50A090C8B3927D7B8DE9" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/26FBF6B4692C50A090C8B3927D7B8DE9">
<subSubSection id="C82D019D3EC65FE0FB5481F969D22A86" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="630FCFA0F093FDE33508D462218B259F">
<taxonomicName id="07289F6CC5E821A6D4DB7E18295F95CD" ID-CoL="5B9TX" authority="Andre, 1884" authorityName="Andre" authorityYear="1884" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dybowskii">
<emphasis id="6ACF2A9B7350B9C24DEAFB4CD6BDEC84" italics="true">Vespa dybowskii</emphasis>
André, 1884
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EMNAG" type="description">
<paragraph id="A28F223B068DBD5A8BDF73401FC60615">
<heading id="B92C4185A3BD5353777E7B6BF20FB24F" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E31182623D0B3BEB57B37CA8D0496D6D">
<emphasis id="28423798FD8AA8904F0FB514B06C6926" bold="true" italics="true">Head</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="43D7E628DD0C3DD3612B366D441C3004" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Vespa dybowskii A outer surface of the right mandible, showing the absence of pits on the outer surface B, C head in frontal view D labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view E temporal band F apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow indicating a shallow incision on the dorsal margin of tooth II. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A); 0.3 mm (B, C, E); 0.1 mm (D, F)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302720">7</figureCitation>
):
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E2NAG" xlink_title="cranial width/mouthpart width ratio">
CW /
<collectionCode id="24909D9A45FE5969A0D57A6AC249C73C" country="Netherlands" name="Museum Wasmann">MW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
= 1.55–1.75 (n = 30, mean 1.64). Cranium nearly circular in frontal view (Fig.
<figureCitation id="752D4F0FFB50CEF2693FBF8E7858341F" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Vespa dybowskii A outer surface of the right mandible, showing the absence of pits on the outer surface B, C head in frontal view D labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view E temporal band F apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow indicating a shallow incision on the dorsal margin of tooth II. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A); 0.3 mm (B, C, E); 0.1 mm (D, F)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302720">7 B, C</figureCitation>
), with moderate irregular rugo-reticulation; rugo-reticulation absent in the ventral area of the cranium between the lateral margin of the clypeus and the outer margin of the cranium. Antenna positioned well behind the level of the dorsal margin of the clypeus (Fig.
<figureCitation id="10BE356A77C6341257DC9FB1E3ED7BE1" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Vespa dybowskii A outer surface of the right mandible, showing the absence of pits on the outer surface B, C head in frontal view D labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view E temporal band F apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow indicating a shallow incision on the dorsal margin of tooth II. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A); 0.3 mm (B, C, E); 0.1 mm (D, F)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302720">7 C</figureCitation>
), measuring
<quantity id="86C5F79163DBAC843171DB50AE64D207" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="7" metricValueMin="6.0" unit="mm" value="0.065" valueMax="0.07" valueMin="0.06">0.06–0.07 mm</quantity>
in diameter (Fig.
<figureCitation id="31111E56786F08589B598D1A6DA589C2" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Vespa dybowskii A outer surface of the right mandible, showing the absence of pits on the outer surface B, C head in frontal view D labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view E temporal band F apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow indicating a shallow incision on the dorsal margin of tooth II. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A); 0.3 mm (B, C, E); 0.1 mm (D, F)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302720">7 B, C</figureCitation>
), with a heavily sclerotized rim. Paired suprafrontal marks well defined; dotted patches on the frons faint; area around the frontal suture with fewer than 10 widely distributed setae, with fewer than 10 setae on the frons. Temporal band (Fig.
<figureCitation id="A19D6758FE35037CCFF46F4E24767454" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Vespa dybowskii A outer surface of the right mandible, showing the absence of pits on the outer surface B, C head in frontal view D labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view E temporal band F apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow indicating a shallow incision on the dorsal margin of tooth II. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A); 0.3 mm (B, C, E); 0.1 mm (D, F)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302720">7 B, C, E</figureCitation>
) with heavily margined dorsal and ventral edges, with other parts exhibiting vaguely defined margins; inner region with moderate ferruginous pigmentation throughout; ventral edge positioned above the dorsal margin of the antenna (Fig.
<figureCitation id="67012C9B99F0DAB9310A882F5ED7BA8E" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Vespa dybowskii A outer surface of the right mandible, showing the absence of pits on the outer surface B, C head in frontal view D labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view E temporal band F apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow indicating a shallow incision on the dorsal margin of tooth II. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A); 0.3 mm (B, C, E); 0.1 mm (D, F)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302720">7 C</figureCitation>
). Clypeus as depicted in Fig.
<figureCitation id="CABBD8EA529FAE2A274EE53B4B0AAAB5" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Vespa dybowskii A outer surface of the right mandible, showing the absence of pits on the outer surface B, C head in frontal view D labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view E temporal band F apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow indicating a shallow incision on the dorsal margin of tooth II. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A); 0.3 mm (B, C, E); 0.1 mm (D, F)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302720">7 B, C</figureCitation>
; main disc with dorsal margin weakly convex, dorsolateral corner weakly angled, and lateral margin slightly curved and lacking pigmented spots, except in the tentorial pits; main disc not very high, with a
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EXOAG" xlink_title="clypeal index">CLI</abbrev>
of 1.5–2; main disc with approximately 60 setae; ventral section with anterior margin shallowly concave medially. Labrum (Fig.
<figureCitation id="9572814911D749F7F4C132031636A90D" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Vespa dybowskii A outer surface of the right mandible, showing the absence of pits on the outer surface B, C head in frontal view D labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view E temporal band F apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow indicating a shallow incision on the dorsal margin of tooth II. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A); 0.3 mm (B, C, E); 0.1 mm (D, F)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302720">7 D</figureCitation>
, left) with sensory bristles concentrated in the median half. Palate as shown in Fig.
<figureCitation id="04BC0B73BC618AF85EC931B60680AFDA" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Vespa dybowskii A outer surface of the right mandible, showing the absence of pits on the outer surface B, C head in frontal view D labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view E temporal band F apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow indicating a shallow incision on the dorsal margin of tooth II. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A); 0.3 mm (B, C, E); 0.1 mm (D, F)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302720">7 B, C, D</figureCitation>
(right); median patch and sclerotized patch absent; conical papillae densely distributed ventrally and evenly dispersed; largest conical papilla measuring
<quantity id="A5FD2445628D2D7A60E82652D446A82B" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" unit="mm" value="0.025">0.025 mm</quantity>
in diameter at the base; most spicules located on the medioventral region. Mandible (Fig.
<figureCitation id="01F7CF62E2A0BC029993F7BDEF16E301" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Vespa analis parallela A outer surface of the right mandible in frontal view B ventral portion of the palatolabral junction, with the yellow ring indicating the presence of spicules C, D head in frontal view E labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view F apical portion of the right mandible. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B); 0.3 mm (C, D, G); 0.1 mm (E, F)" figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302719">6 B, F</figureCitation>
) with the apical half heavily sclerotized; outer surface without pits but with a few bumps (Fig.
<figureCitation id="ED9EB900E399849CCF4A6EB9E0C7C9F0" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Vespa dybowskii A outer surface of the right mandible, showing the absence of pits on the outer surface B, C head in frontal view D labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view E temporal band F apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow indicating a shallow incision on the dorsal margin of tooth II. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A); 0.3 mm (B, C, E); 0.1 mm (D, F)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302720">7 A</figureCitation>
). Mandibular teeth I and II distinctly projected compared with tooth III; tooth I as large as II, and IIIa as large as IIIb; teeth I and II separated at an angle of 50 ° – 80 °, II and IIIa at 50 ° – 80 °, and IIIa and IIIb at 70 ° – 105 °; all teeth slick and relatively sharp at the apex, except for tooth II, which often has a faintly bifid dorsal margin; bifurcation point between teeth II and IIIa slightly deeper than other bifurcation points. Maxilla with approximately 20 setae. Prelabium with sparse setae.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E1F8FC4454ACFB18078E0943E8925C66" ID-DOI="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure7" ID-arpha="49216CF3-1134-52F3-8422-9E074445DB7D" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302720" startId="F7">
<paragraph id="AA79DFB7058EA05C9F2DCB19A9C5782C">
<label id="FCB855557A625A779DB6A425136642AB">Figure 7.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="502B08F43DB7F8ADAFC982011FEA90A1">
<taxonomicName id="E17C4D549009A4449C781CF6FB718882" authorityName="Andre" authorityYear="1884" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dybowskii">
<emphasis id="E30454851F843707591DFACDA2E3EE20" italics="true">Vespa dybowskii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="6D648CF790D994B4C951AD8F79B7A983" bold="true">A</emphasis>
outer surface of the right mandible, showing the absence of pits on the outer surface
<emphasis id="2052C3D10E71320058136630F89C355F" bold="true">B, C</emphasis>
head in frontal view
<emphasis id="E802F227D5FD7C9C5B566883905D8873" bold="true">D</emphasis>
labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view
<emphasis id="6481EBA56210FD38AA878C7BA313E518" bold="true">E</emphasis>
temporal band
<emphasis id="4706D627FE82D13D1F0E3C423B28BED5" bold="true">F</emphasis>
apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow indicating a shallow incision on the dorsal margin of tooth II. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (
<emphasis id="72EB035E19AA59EECA4557692927546C" bold="true">A</emphasis>
); 0.3 mm (
<emphasis id="4AF749B285B669D32660769442638BF2" bold="true">B, C, E</emphasis>
); 0.1 mm (
<emphasis id="3A665BF5C68872AA0A9C3D944E701A59" bold="true">D, F</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="0FAA683748609C392F705FC1003D511F">
<emphasis id="179F49E7B1922234D23400718213F990" bold="true" italics="true">Body</emphasis>
(thorax and abdomen): Body
<quantity id="BCF33C2ADA1D1DDA5C16FCD4FDB16601" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="2.0" unit="mm" value="21.0" valueMax="22.0" valueMin="20.0">20–22 mm</quantity>
in length (n = 30, mean
<quantity id="5A2E556C6EFD420134F103714385B4A9" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" unit="mm" value="21.0">21 mm</quantity>
) and
<quantity id="5DCB213104E76E3CB1F39D65632A142E" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="mm" value="11.5" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="10.0">10–13 mm</quantity>
in width (mean
<quantity id="781338208801C7618D1542047F0156C7" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.14" unit="mm" value="11.4">11.4 mm</quantity>
); integument with sparse setae. Spiracles shallow; generally uniform in size, except for spiracles 1, 2, and 10, which are slightly smaller; largest spiracle
<quantity id="4E9F3AD050B59BCDBAB799EA727661D2" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
in diameter, with a spiracular rim thickness of
<quantity id="8F78EF85E1F6DE632EC038E9DA42A23D" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" unit="mm" value="0.025">0.025 mm</quantity>
, bearing dense processes.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E1QAG" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="ABBA56F989E5B666768EC29F9DD5A34E">
<heading id="DFD98DAA7526F56A57F6863C3263C86A" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CD441C2626E824FAAB11BC7E1E83EBC9">This species is distinguished by an entirely weakly pigmented temporal band and by having conical papillae and spicules confined to a narrow ventral zone on the palate.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E6QAG" type="material">
<paragraph id="3172E38D186FF64B90C8A180DBF02C58">
<heading id="914B96A30AE196C338A860204BCC6C59" reason="title">Specimens examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CB7BEBECAF1D13CAE22FDFC66680401F">
<materialsCitation id="1946E5DB899005AECD5B6E43295276F0" collectingDate="2022-08-18" collectorName="Choi &amp; Ma" country="South Korea" latitude="34.996666" location="Suncheon-si" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="127.415" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Jeonnam">
<collectingCountry id="D99C681251553FF79687B450BC1DAF97" name="South Korea">South Korea</collectingCountry>
• 5 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="DFB0252D9E232605397531F0D7BAAE59" country="South Korea" name="Jeonnam">Jeollanam-do</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="39F56D3F7F2439220B053531858BA5B8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:26FBF6B4692C50A090C8B3927D7B8DE9:39F56D3F7F2439220B053531858BA5B8" country="South Korea" latitude="34.996666" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="127.415" name="Suncheon-si" stateProvince="Jeonnam">Suncheon-si</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EIRAG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[127.415000,34.996667]}">
<geoCoordinate id="298D81A36F92072F995514AC66FBEB83" degrees="34" direction="north" minutes="59" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="48" value="34.996666">34 ° 59 ' 48 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="4E1CFD5303C44B9F4A06F69CD92ADBD8" degrees="127" direction="east" minutes="24" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="54" value="127.415">127 ° 24 ' 54 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="22CDF3EC59EB663193E611A7FEC29CFF" value="2022-08-18">
<collectingDate id="9F3AEEEFE005A0BEFBEAEBBB14E88CB9" value="2022-08-18">18 Aug. 2022</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="23814594699AB23FCC8303FB4AB5396B">Choi</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="65D05F22AD13D25078161A93D2D8964F">Ma</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="6E9CA8CA99A5E6CD4368E80B9C933077" collectingDate="2022-10-14" collectorName="Choi &amp; Ma" country="South Korea" latitude="35.01889" location="Gwangyang-si" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="127.657776" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Jeonnam">
9 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="3B135FB54F7D57CFB273AEA161BE495B" country="South Korea" name="Jeonnam">Jeollanam-do</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="A442A2D3E842B488C8AA8E23DE46290C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:26FBF6B4692C50A090C8B3927D7B8DE9:A442A2D3E842B488C8AA8E23DE46290C" country="South Korea" latitude="35.01889" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="127.657776" name="Gwangyang-si" stateProvince="Jeonnam">Gwangyang-si</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EQRAG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[127.657778,35.018889]}">
<geoCoordinate id="5AB1BA33AE7D328BAA3F6B80C41DAAB1" degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="01" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="08" value="35.01889">35 ° 01 ' 08 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="E2CC66463A250257C585C29DD535A5C9" degrees="127" direction="east" minutes="39" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="28" value="127.657776">127 ° 39 ' 28 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="8E42037982035AFFC17B57F09A38BEFD" value="2022-10-14">
<collectingDate id="38F8AC18C31B4B82D5288B1CE052F466" value="2022-10-14">14 Oct. 2022</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="E7614AC2A58C7D5DB11A75092140B36F">Choi</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="C432CD57F62D54715827DE91BC16E4F7">Ma</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="1FC76731F10870E14D28375F0E28CC6F" collectingDate="2023-09-06" collectorName="Choi &amp; Kim" country="South Korea" latitude="36.698612" location="Cheongju-si" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="127.65528" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chungbuk">
11 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="3356332221A9DB0AE315B789DD4C4731" country="South Korea" name="Chungbuk">Chungcheongbuk-do</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="59CFA66ADE129ECD4883EE5F811C9D93" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:26FBF6B4692C50A090C8B3927D7B8DE9:59CFA66ADE129ECD4883EE5F811C9D93" country="South Korea" latitude="36.698612" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="127.65528" name="Cheongju-si" stateProvince="Chungbuk">Cheongju-si</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EYRAG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[127.655278,36.698611]}">
<geoCoordinate id="5F9692A6DF1131D033163BB34B861126" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="41" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="55" value="36.698612">36 ° 41 ' 55 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="D10FBF932C1A730A6F421A24D8EA32F7" degrees="127" direction="east" minutes="39" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="19" value="127.65528">127 ° 39 ' 19 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="B34E03B4C321BC6FFA28DDD091B08DB7" value="2023-09-06">
<collectingDate id="6A3F971F3BD35643BD66F7E921B1C5A5" value="2023-09-06">6 Sept. 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3C1D3B26842FEFBAC1B077B8EDF6D8EC">Choi</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="2684FBAD8DFB3062238D747146500F10">Kim</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="79C58787390DFE7B1BB4F3C7B943B229" collectingDate="2023-09-01" collectorName="Choi &amp; Kim" country="South Korea" latitude="36.633614" location="Andong-si" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.64333" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">
20 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="C49BAA9C74512EF3C5EC529004C04B60" country="South Korea" name="Gyeongbuk">Gyeongsangbuk-do</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="9484AA90C490BA83DE43DCCEB2F6C37B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:26FBF6B4692C50A090C8B3927D7B8DE9:9484AA90C490BA83DE43DCCEB2F6C37B" country="South Korea" latitude="36.633614" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.64333" name="Andong-si" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">Andong-si</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EASAG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[128.643333,36.633611]}">
<geoCoordinate id="59B9082592EEB5F5BA4D1352EC859D09" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="38" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="01" value="36.633614">36 ° 38 ' 01 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="2D071D9423A2849B41F64EA9763FE0D9" degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="38" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="36" value="128.64333">128 ° 38 ' 36 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="90C10C771E630B10705296901C04CE9F" value="2023-09-01">
<collectingDate id="DEC7C2C4B85066FC3E93502B5D8157A7" value="2023-09-01">01 Sept. 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="01C208B55BCF84874EAD02A816D23FC0">Choi</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="EE0D61B66BE118235A8A246997B61993">Kim</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="5C76957DA9A3C0D1B24A695FA2E6BD01" collectingDate="2023-09-08" collectorName="Choi" country="South Korea" latitude="36.604164" location="Yeongyang-gun" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="129.07527" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">
10 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="B959F6E84761FBFA5F7282080330C4B0" country="South Korea" name="Gyeongbuk">Gyeongsangbuk-do</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="F20CF38D118E1CD3BE1BEC9A7D7FEEBC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:26FBF6B4692C50A090C8B3927D7B8DE9:F20CF38D118E1CD3BE1BEC9A7D7FEEBC" country="South Korea" latitude="36.604164" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="129.07527" name="Yeongyang-gun" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">Yeongyang-gun</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EISAG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[129.075278,36.604167]}">
<geoCoordinate id="5BAEEBFD1A81B3FC83EDCE61A0802980" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="36" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="15" value="36.604164">36 ° 36 ' 15 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="34CD637874465EBA6791E47E5DD4BDED" degrees="129" direction="east" minutes="04" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="31" value="129.07527">129 ° 04 ' 31 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="670F8B690EABF2CBBA55CF60106CF5F1" value="2023-09-08">
<collectingDate id="314502F65942D7912C83337780D1C26C" value="2023-09-08">08 Sept. 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="117261A6B23A991EDA7BB7354C928DD9">Choi</collectorName>
et al
</materialsCitation>
. •
<materialsCitation id="B62E8E08351928817C91408D6BC353DA" collectingDate="2023-09-08" collectorName="Choi" country="South Korea" latitude="36.68889" location="Yeongyang-gun" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="129.14667" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">
10 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="E2B578BB69F643CDE708E8BC798ED606" country="South Korea" name="Gyeongbuk">Gyeongsangbuk-do</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="0D52338503F6F832E89A97498DBAF74B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:26FBF6B4692C50A090C8B3927D7B8DE9:0D52338503F6F832E89A97498DBAF74B" country="South Korea" latitude="36.68889" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="129.14667" name="Yeongyang-gun" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">Yeongyang-gun</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EQSAG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[129.146667,36.688889]}">
<geoCoordinate id="0C21C2683F6954C7073CADDD791BFD46" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="41" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="20" value="36.68889">36 ° 41 ' 20 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9E53F1BA3211A7F0230C6E673C8CB17D" degrees="129" direction="east" minutes="08" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="48" value="129.14667">129 ° 08 ' 48 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="F9D0998E4F2943B9DDC41F9171A256BA" value="2023-09-08">
<collectingDate id="B02A71148469CB56BF742B01704CFBDE" value="2023-09-08">08 Sept. 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="60EAE73A606747F7F4AF60761E04FEED">Choi</collectorName>
et al
</materialsCitation>
. •
<materialsCitation id="2752CC844088841370FC9FAC070C467D" collectingDate="2022-10-19" collectorName="Choi &amp; Kim" country="South Korea" latitude="36.97639" location="Bonghwa-gun" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.78445" municipality="Gangwon-do" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">
5 mature larvae;
<collectingMunicipality id="AF97938A4F34D0CA302A07406A6701D7">Gangwon-do</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="B42A7B54C12D314DDA36DEE573670551" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:26FBF6B4692C50A090C8B3927D7B8DE9:B42A7B54C12D314DDA36DEE573670551" country="South Korea" latitude="36.97639" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.78445" municipality="Gangwon-do" name="Bonghwa-gun" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">Bonghwa-gun</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EYSAG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[128.784444,36.976389]}">
<geoCoordinate id="2E0694F3A9D0586E2FC8209690926B2F" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="58" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="35" value="36.97639">36 ° 58 ' 35 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="13D2F6356C8AF85752EDD2A3485CF32B" degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="47" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="04" value="128.78445">128 ° 47 ' 04 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="1D801DD8F24A75B51CD69A5CE5F7A4D3" value="2022-10-19">
<collectingDate id="097569E83A25130053EAF1441DD8D262" value="2022-10-19">19 Oct. 2022</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="B163C1E6B48AF68564E941C87B788854">Choi</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="D5643D485DBBBD7EDF899AA7BFD9C587">Kim</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="E97D569896F86148A08A32EC2DA35E0F" collectingDate="2023-09-12" collectorName="Kim" country="South Korea" latitude="36.646946" location="Yeongyang-gun" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="129.15666" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">
10 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="298409DC42899502644A4372BEB2DD17" country="South Korea" name="Gyeongbuk">Gyeongsangbuk-do</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="E6DF1B9E2EF589A9B79D6F44E7BEEBDC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:26FBF6B4692C50A090C8B3927D7B8DE9:E6DF1B9E2EF589A9B79D6F44E7BEEBDC" country="South Korea" latitude="36.646946" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="129.15666" name="Yeongyang-gun" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">Yeongyang-gun</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EATAG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[129.156667,36.646944]}">
<geoCoordinate id="B4419DD29A73859047D2C7DF34F57BB8" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="38" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="49" value="36.646946">36 ° 38 ' 49 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="8FDE3CC14B1D214D00C7BE0DFEFE739E" degrees="129" direction="east" minutes="09" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="24" value="129.15666">129 ° 09 ' 24 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="F230F15FA479600DAF3FC5DF85540A5D" value="2023-09-12">
<collectingDate id="2ABD0492AD4964709EAF0EFC7ADD210E" value="2023-09-12">12 Sept. 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="6190543111AC32BF3098914EA388EA89">Kim</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

328
data/55/9F/D3/559FD38387565374B1534BAAB8F2DDDD.xml Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,328 @@
<document id="6491FA83703265A52A9EF1F93C2E9D40" ID-DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.255.148471" ID-publisher-id="148471" URI-arpha="EFC63753-5791-55E7-9779-0469A63BD860" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1744125323226" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Zhang, Yi-Ting, Lin, Shu-Yan, Niu, Zheng-Yang, Jiang, Wei-Xin, Xia, Nian-He &amp; Ding, Yu-Long" docDate="2025" docId="559FD38387565374B1534BAAB8F2DDDD" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 255: 41-50" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 255" docSource="https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/148471/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.phytokeys" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.phytokeys" docTitle="Sinosasa damingshanensis N. H. Xia &amp; Y. L. Ding 2025, comb. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="50" masterDocId="EFC63753579155E797790469A63BD860" masterDocTitle="Sinosasa damingshanensis (Poaceae, Bambusoideae), a new combination supported by morphological and molecular evidence" masterLastPageNumber="50" masterPageNumber="41" pageNumber="41" updateTime="1744126268702" updateUser="pensoft">
<mods:mods id="512270163F164B161E2FF85710FE8386" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="265460A99393977B1366BE82CDA18A2A">
<mods:title id="957182C7F6EFA87D2E2973501D0DDC71">Sinosasa damingshanensis (Poaceae, Bambusoideae), a new combination supported by morphological and molecular evidence</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="BA2E1DD5DF6C88D57CBB6B91190E0C68" type="personal">
<mods:role id="91C7853CA64F0AA3DE5ADF636BC746CB">
<mods:roleTerm id="4FEEC7534B804E2DBFFC1D71B7165654">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="78D992CC228BAE39D29101AF54B76C0E">Zhang, Yi-Ting</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="EA899BACB196BE532C7F37CB586B7D1D" type="ORCID">0000-0002-7068-9830</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="68981930B64471A50553E5C6DCBDD4C0">College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="8F3B0E2717A7F34D5FDDB75F6A20CF99" type="personal">
<mods:role id="4B3BED9287B0333F843AE753B777936E">
<mods:roleTerm id="1615D5A3B9C1AD29207CCF8E1A51FCF2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="3E8F0B665F5378F243EDBDD0BC61EB4E">Lin, Shu-Yan</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="775C99AC8ED746B12E2F466F12FB8778" type="ORCID">0000-0001-6326-2516</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="BEAAF603D432824618A3133224A82388">College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="72BD56D8ED937CFCB5E63864E00CD49F" type="personal">
<mods:role id="10E2F605227425C220446EA826B8F81B">
<mods:roleTerm id="AD5AD36A360B8AF155762C3035A56B14">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="AC23AB6831781ABC2B137C50C4715970">Niu, Zheng-Yang</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A3A1BD33A57659A0DC70A09A8B913004" type="ORCID">0000-0003-0281-1504</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="9B98AD778E63908CEFF6FAFDE11D6B8C">Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Botanical Garden, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="0C0149BCB8D4C68937107C8CC2ECB47B" type="personal">
<mods:role id="18A23172601E341E194BD8F4F411F5E0">
<mods:roleTerm id="876F71B3C38040BE30400AB7CB06E3EC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D929F0FE99CB04ED775948B9ED08B4CB">Jiang, Wei-Xin</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="BCBA209B9EC53DF6F7AB69BF7A74A4E3" type="ORCID">0000-0001-6447-8087</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="CF3EC957F0A79A60E549D6D81F2C3DB2">Guangxi Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Conservation, Key Laboratory of National Forestry and Grassland Administration on Cultivation of Fast-Growing Timber in Central South China, College of Forestry, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="3BBFF1C4975B487498E999E711523CCD" type="personal">
<mods:role id="5713CC455A6EBA88ADBDC9B547D966C5">
<mods:roleTerm id="C564537BFDDDA6DFD0BF914519C387F2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="1044BBDA1921634C7BF9545E06106366">Xia, Nian-He</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D56E2990FF32DEF8ED6BFF729B9F568B" type="ORCID">0000-0001-9852-7393</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="DF7829EF9952A6E9269D656557A0062E">Key Laboratory of Plant Resources Conservation and Sustainable Utilization, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Digital Botanical Garden, South China Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510650, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="8B2D4811A9EC9433A70EA9CCD84E7FFC" type="personal">
<mods:role id="D551B465A7D2FCE7E0F61ABBF102D9A3">
<mods:roleTerm id="4DF65F52459883381D25892C03EA7D38">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F7B5172EC3E7E8649FE0239084EA0083">Ding, Yu-Long</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="CA72323061039B496616122BB07D9B44">College of Life Sciences, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, China</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="2A690D1692E114CFBF419933508A0EBC">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="25C72FA53C7676825DD450E6E08A16DC" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="B3FE3851BA3549FB351017FF81894C08">
<mods:title id="838FC89474DDB208A091C14BF5B9B243">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="1C148BD1A500D8A1DEFA21434AB6112B">
<mods:date id="3BA41ADB14F1E71CDE8C0CE3F0BD9630">2025</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="5FF4EE59FA04603EB7930F32BC5E30D2" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="5CC3CAB471454605F5ED1724B7748EE5">2025-04-08</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="BA771057C7160F58001E23D6B56B9D1C" type="volume">
<mods:number id="58FD2349745613F07FB40147562EF663">255</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="7C46AD87A705BF2BABE87C0B8224BAC2" unit="page">
<mods:start id="F904D79A3F848CA4BCC40EA47134DCCC">41</mods:start>
<mods:end id="B16EB35166EB8BB09A3BEF77FDAE12E6">50</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="F344FC9E4605E9270FF9928C5B803FDC">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="914604F3EFFEC9146BDE268A4B395488" type="DOI">10.3897/phytokeys.255.148471</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="559FD38387565374B1534BAAB8F2DDDD" ID-arpha="559FD383-8756-5374-B153-4BAAB8F2DDDD" ID-ipni="urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77359971-1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:559FD38387565374B1534BAAB8F2DDDD" LSID-IPNI="urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77359971-1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/559FD38387565374B1534BAAB8F2DDDD">
<subSubSection id="38DC82864BADD39468AC701B45B72B71" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="643BF30670ABA5601DED3EE7197CF78D">
<taxonomicName id="ABCC8233401D73F42AE13558DCEA7A65" authority="(Hsueh &amp; W. P. Zhang) N. H. Xia &amp; Y. L. Ding" authorityName="N. H. Xia &amp; Y. L. Ding" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Hsueh &amp; W. P. Zhang. A - D C. J. Hsueh" baseAuthorityYear="2025" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Sinosasa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="damingshanensis" status="comb. nov.">
<emphasis id="FD6371534361535FEF3E59E2BBA71F6E" italics="true">Sinosasa damingshanensis</emphasis>
(Hsueh &amp; W. P. Zhang) N. H. Xia &amp; Y. L. Ding
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="16E744ED079AD4B5B1D92E150C5F191A" rank="species">comb. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="769F6770236F50414885AC76EAE01DFF" type="description">
<paragraph id="DB1EC3B50749BF48E19014B4F37EBC34">
<figureCitation id="5B06D56EAA1620FED8ABD8BC4F9F88A7" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Chimonobambusa damingshanensis Hsueh &amp; W. P. Zhang. A – D C. J. Hsueh 8605 (SWFC!). Photo by Yi-Ting Zhang." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.255.148471.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1301438">Figs 2</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="75702B1B76E458CF0B1AD5AD8D4609A2" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Sinosasa damingshanensis A habitat and plants B foliage leaf branches C solitary branch D leafy branchlet and culm E, F culm and culm sheath G adaxial view of sheath blade H branch complements with a solitary primary axis I, L, P culm bud J abaxial view of sheath blade K culm node M leaf sheath, ligule and oral setae N basal culm nodes with root thorns (uncommon) O development of bamboo shoot under the ground. Scale bars: 1 cm (G, J)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.255.148471.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1301439">3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="22E88BA01E3DA2A9AD34CBF0BB7EE471" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Sinosasa damingshanensis A rhizome bud B, C, E rhizome D development of bamboo shoot under the ground F distribution map of Sinosasa damingshanensis in Nanning, Guangxi, China. Scale bars: 1 cm (A, B)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.255.148471.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1301440">4</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ENDAG" type="Basionym">
<paragraph id="0FD7079682CC66DE2B5FE001566C6AE6">
<heading id="0B5D3C9520D1CE75DDB258754B73BA25" reason="title">Basionym.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BDB540F948088ED61BA843F1914774F0">
<taxonomicName id="41EC9BDEB5CD3671B66AAD58E57E4708" authority="Hsueh &amp; W. P. Zhang, Bamb. Res." authorityName="Hsueh &amp; W. P. Zhang, Bamb. Res." class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chimonobambusa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="damingshanensis">
<emphasis id="947ACEAC9C7208E3B2AC55575EBD85B7" italics="true">Chimonobambusa damingshanensis</emphasis>
Hsueh &amp; W. P. Zhang, Bamb. Res.
</taxonomicName>
7 (3): 5. (1988).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E5DAG" type="Lectotype (here designated)">
<paragraph id="42DA6DE018C8B969C5577E17DD451195">
<heading id="B2030594E479AD43EE5D4A86DE4A1671" reason="title">
<typeStatus id="D85A988B82D595A3B094D6444870181F" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
(here designated).
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3ABA298B3ED81E07B4E3BC26B32EE5CB">
<materialsCitation id="14623F44AC477F09BA7E6C3D9B5827BA" collectingDate="1986-11-12" collectionCode="C, J, SWFC" country="China" county="Nanning" location="Daming Mountain" municipality="Wuming" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guangxi" typeStatus="lectotype">
<collectingCountry id="C3EF5BC1FA5E7B463402E55ED5E5864E" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
•
<collectingRegion id="12B17EA1A4B0996F135CC090FFED8AEB" country="China" name="Guangxi">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="9E1DDBFC0FBA6E1C84B71D598A97CF3A">Nanning</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="242CF2C340C59A0D656CDECC6CFD56F1">Wuming</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="B5218AE375CE3BF55C5BF17D3CF782A5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:559FD38387565374B1534BAAB8F2DDDD:B5218AE375CE3BF55C5BF17D3CF782A5" country="China" county="Nanning" municipality="Wuming" name="Daming Mountain" stateProvince="Guangxi">Daming Mountain</location>
,
<date id="6C0FC3262AA9BCFA32BE00E7AEB32237" value="1986-11-12">
<collectingDate id="20020436B8221992F62E4A5B43E53086" value="1986-11-12">12 Nov. 1986</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="62A45FCC80FC4C76B4FFE5CE8CA5907F" italics="true">
<collectionCode id="B32D445D6739075D5DDC92980D02213C" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="180308506D59BA4F7AEE6455F44E215C" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
. Hsueh 8605 fl.
</emphasis>
(
<typeStatus id="2274A493E3DF0995677FC3630B14F734" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
:
<named-content id="5626E701A5AA2624265F3A1BFFFC367F" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/southwest-forestry-college" xlink_title="Herbarium of Southwest Forestry University">
<collectionCode id="E4079DF28807D684901A5B705B4056C5" country="China" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14107" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14107" name="Southwest Forestry College" type="Herbarium">SWFC</collectionCode>
</named-content>
!).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ELEAG" type="description">
<paragraph id="F280731511904B9E6105442645157603">
<heading id="950AF3BD375D7A1375FA2B53F8EF21C1" reason="title">Revised description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E9BA2C5E11F379B9A90FF090A94E1D56">
Shrubby bamboos. Rhizomes leptomorph, rhizome internodes cylindrical,
<quantity id="C5F7523E16677679AAFB03A3AAB301FD" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" metricValueMax="4.75" metricValueMin="2.45" unit="cm" value="3.6" valueMax="4.75" valueMin="2.45">2.45–4.75 cm</quantity>
long, nearly solid; nodes prominent, 2–4 roots at each node; rhizome bud ovate, ca.
<quantity id="1834C62BAA144EF409C4251A92290BAC" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
high. Culms
<quantity id="2E76B73CFCDFE01699EC178A975A3676" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" unit="m" value="1.75" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2 m</quantity>
tall,
<quantity id="7F6982EED3ADC7FF8EA6950E22BC572B" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="5.0">5–8 mm</quantity>
in diam; internodes terete,
<quantity id="C6F30D048B0FFC370B7CEC1D261CF621" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.2" metricValueMax="13.0" metricValueMin="5.4" unit="cm" value="9.2" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="5.4">5.4–13 cm</quantity>
long, initially with white pubescent gradually glabrous; supranodal ridge conspicuous, intranodes glabrous,
<quantity id="6E8B805BCC14E8CEC1397B05B133E872" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 mm</quantity>
tall, infranodal region with a creamy-yellow and sericeous ring; branches solitary at each branching node. Culm bud solitary, triangular-ovate, sunken into supranodal ridge. Culm leaf sheaths persistent or tardily deciduous, papery, shorter than or as long as internode, abaxially glabrous or sparsely strigose,
<quantity id="59D777279A4C4600374DA8159BBAFD1A" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.005" metricValueMax="1.33" metricValueMin="0.6799999999999999" unit="cm" value="10.05" valueMax="13.3" valueMin="6.8">6.8–13.3 cm</quantity>
high; sheath scar flat or slightly prominent; auricles and oral setae absent; blades erect, triangularly subulate,
<quantity id="80C07BA821962755B010EB89E839A277" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.05" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="1.6" unit="mm" value="3.05" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="1.6">1.6–4.5 mm</quantity>
high, glabrous. Foliage leaves 5–10 per ultimate branch; foliage leaf sheaths glabrous, purple or purple-green; auricles linear,
<quantity id="C97FB7F7C97EDF20DD0D61EB39FF18F2" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2 mm</quantity>
wide; oral setae erect or curled, 4–8, pale yellow,
<quantity id="F204BB7BFAD9D395F18E855E8F196FF3" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="2.5" unit="mm" value="4.25" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="2.5">2.5–6 mm</quantity>
long, easily deciduous when old; ligules developed, (3.3) 6–10 (– 16) mm high, papery. Blades lanceolate, papery, 12.5–31.7 × 1.0–
<quantity id="E74F009847A5AF655244C693EB87C0C1" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.9" unit="cm" value="4.9">4.9 cm</quantity>
, both surfaces glabrous, margins serrulate along both sides, secondary veins 3–4 (6) pairs, significantly elevated on the lower leaf surface. The unit of the inflorescence raceme-like; lemma papery, ovate-lanceolate, ca.
<quantity id="0AF4EEB00AF45F839B86CC2770EA9413" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
long, glabrous; palea shorter than lemma,
<quantity id="D224AC3DD3FDC4EF1F0641CDC8995405" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="6.0" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="6.0">6–7 mm</quantity>
long, 2 - keeled; 2 stigmas, 3 stamens; ovary ellipsoid; style short. Fruit unknown.
</paragraph>
<caption id="0081BF910BF7D0F3BEBD90DA23D8CDCB" ID-DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.255.148471.figure4" ID-arpha="5734566F-3181-5CEE-9991-71D875523EA4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1301440" startId="F4">
<paragraph id="7C066A62F25960E0433FA1F02F534D96">
<label id="AE5DA3070E63D9FF01899042B80AB934">Figure 4.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="935C6B75C9BF9D13DA00D9F95B462002">
<taxonomicName id="0CCF24F4DAEB953AB2D0802CEC7BE9D3" authorityName="N. H. Xia &amp; Y. L. Ding" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Hsueh &amp; W. P. Zhang. A - D C. J. Hsueh" baseAuthorityYear="2025" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Sinosasa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="damingshanensis">
<emphasis id="35131D5F8CC76CE611FFB7AB2633746C" italics="true">Sinosasa damingshanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="A0602A5318A68EDF66D5819D1F6E9A24" bold="true">A</emphasis>
rhizome bud
<emphasis id="43B9B757BB98799F7C384DCE4167FFEA" bold="true">B, C, E</emphasis>
rhizome
<emphasis id="BFC89C445B332CC6FFF418B822B6BB9F" bold="true">D</emphasis>
development of bamboo shoot under the ground
<emphasis id="3A30802A07C45DBF9FF2CEABA7863840" bold="true">F</emphasis>
distribution map of
<taxonomicName id="E3BF8EDB739BC5BD45C9EE55717277BD" authorityName="N. H. Xia &amp; Y. L. Ding" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Hsueh &amp; W. P. Zhang. A - D C. J. Hsueh" baseAuthorityYear="2025" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Sinosasa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="damingshanensis">
<emphasis id="29B5EB1A2B304844BBA65B5D4AC40F04" italics="true">Sinosasa damingshanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Nanning, Guangxi, China. Scale bars: 1 cm (
<emphasis id="C45CF7E731EF3049AE88CBF0DABEB119" bold="true">A, B</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E4FAG" type="notes">
<paragraph id="D458994C42DC7FB3D5F46D8BB45B7600">
<heading id="D8E2D66D91BF1BA508A58FE255500451" reason="title">Notes.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F03EB53FC532AA8E1F870CCF93615DEE">
<taxonomicName id="8EA88A67C7367291276C1CFBA987199D" authority="Hsueh &amp; W. P. Zhang" authorityName="Hsueh &amp; W. P. Zhang. A - D C. J. Hsueh" authorityYear="1988" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chimonobambusa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="damingshanensis">
<emphasis id="39281A460D30F0C90624C95D20802BE9" italics="true">Chimonobambusa damingshanensis</emphasis>
Hsueh &amp; W. P. Zhang
</taxonomicName>
was originally described based on
<emphasis id="1F6B57CFF7520C0F0A45EE01CCEA5E6E" italics="true">
<collectionCode id="6F3C523750830A9AE47511140ABB0576" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="4D1971A0247092CBFBFE5C1E28E7EF4D" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
. Hsueh 8605
</emphasis>
which contains multiple specimens. According to the
<collectionCode id="C4DA0982C0DCF8C7D505C145FBE28C1B" country="Colombia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/xsgz-nxkh" name="Instituto de Ciencias Naturales, Museo de Historia Natural" type="">ICN</collectionCode>
(
<bibRefCitation id="C9AAE2BE3841E7036F8358E851E15D9B" DOI="10.12705/Code.2018" author="Turland" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Turland" refId="B16" refString="Turland NJ, Wiersema JH, Barrie FR, Greuter W, Hawksworth DL, Herendeen PS, Knapp S, Kusber WH, Li DZ, Marhold K, May TW, McNeill J, Monro AM, Prado J, Price MJ, Smith GF [Eds] (2018) International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants (Shenzhen Code) adopted by the Nineteenth International Botanical Congress Shenzhen, China, July 2017. Regnum Vegetabile 159. Koeltz Botanical Books, Glashütten. https://doi.org/10.12705/Code.2018" year="2018">Turland et al. 2018</bibRefCitation>
) Art. 8.1, “ The type (
<typeStatus id="67B8DD0C1D9D5874817BFBEAD97F3866" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
,
<typeStatus id="A5B81F10ED5DE9A3B1550DE763601349" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
, or
<typeStatus id="23896409C14935F2899DCD5744F1A704" type="neotype">neotype</typeStatus>
) of a name of a species or infraspecific taxon is either a single specimen conserved in one herbarium or other collection or institution, or a published or unpublished illustration ”,
<emphasis id="4DC30F583171FAA8DAB923A219F0D6C7" italics="true">
<collectionCode id="24E03CA90F096C434089D2DA31B2060C" country="Denmark" name="University of Copenhagen" type="Herbarium">C</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="25ED804D012675F301AEDB80776F7804" country="South Africa" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14647" name="University of the Witwatersrand" type="Herbarium">J</collectionCode>
. Hsueh 8605 fl.
</emphasis>
(
<named-content id="2E63C885C4F15365E8549F18D8B30A58" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/southwest-forestry-college" xlink_title="Herbarium of Southwest Forestry University">
<collectionCode id="0E96A765AFF099F4C31BDF950AB3D620" country="China" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14107" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14107" name="Southwest Forestry College" type="Herbarium">SWFC</collectionCode>
</named-content>
, floriferous specimen) is designated here as the
<typeStatus id="219EBB2ABB2EA24685EFAF8BE778DF07" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
of
<emphasis id="EC907D006A7EDA64F5B29874C3E16D7C" italics="true">
<taxonomicName id="5911F6F938F4CFFCA886FBAF0C1ABD7F" authorityName="Hsueh &amp; W. P. Zhang. A - D C. J. Hsueh" authorityYear="1988" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Chimonobambusa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="damingshanensis">Ch. damingshanensis</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
It has flower specimens and is more complete.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EGHAG" type="phenology">
<paragraph id="59EFAFD5A5FE29AB3765E62A059EB7C0">
<heading id="6D718C9890CE18585769D5734E4E1DE2" reason="title">Phenology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="67B6DC70582FBB21F25D35DDF2625F27">New shoots produced during April to May.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ELHAG" type="Chinese name">
<paragraph id="1C3DA1064225EE53AC63C6AE028A510C">
<heading id="E9AE7E0652FE9D8DD1DD9F8289D0C0D3" reason="title">Chinese name.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7F6C24988CB5B8640DA1F6501DCFF960">大明山华赤竹 (Chinese pronunciation: dà míng shān huá chì zhú).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EQHAG" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="4C6264AF05DA480B2A6D6B9045B2416F">
<heading id="421B93E48E7914B2CDDE0660C2E15C46" reason="title">Distribution and habitat.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A57522F7FB2925FFFC675052FBD97A8B">
Broad-leaved forests; It is endemic to Daming Mountain in Wuming District,
<collectingRegion id="57571619265BA20C5F68D7B3C1B8D396" country="China" name="Guangxi">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="5B050508569C362FC3FD569ED7285E39" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EVHAG" type="Additional specimen examined">
<paragraph id="8C5D23DB8D9E30FD698F882403FF4A4B">
<heading id="15B513117D4C8C32D11357011823B84B" reason="title">Additional specimen examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4F6FC2C985A3AE1108792CC9029F2F33">
<taxonomicName id="000511E7417043AFEE1636F7DA6C9EB2" authorityName="N. H. Xia &amp; Y. L. Ding" authorityYear="2025" baseAuthorityName="Hsueh &amp; W. P. Zhang. A - D C. J. Hsueh" baseAuthorityYear="2025" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Sinosasa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL,GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="damingshanensis">
<emphasis id="784CE8E78F79B4559691B9029A9BE1F9" italics="true">Sinosasa damingshanensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<materialsCitation id="06A30D774447B9EA8089A5749E0F8B7F" collectingDate="2024-12-25" collectionCode="Y, L, T, NF" country="China" county="Nanning" elevation="1335" latitude="23.495527" location="Daming Mountain" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="108.437225" municipality="Wuming" specimenCode="WM 241225" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guangxi">
<collectingCountry id="D819DCEBD53DB1657D2FED366C15C4B4" name="China">China</collectingCountry>
•
<collectingRegion id="E713BEB9CF5BD00AA0D26B97B6168787" country="China" name="Guangxi">Guangxi</collectingRegion>
:
<collectingCounty id="8554B84D0FB5B4334C29E5FD74C639FD">Nanning</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="D8C6844FCC344BEEDD93A3EDA3EFC1ED">Wuming</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="28BB82883B444F9E13D08B705E074CFF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:559FD38387565374B1534BAAB8F2DDDD:28BB82883B444F9E13D08B705E074CFF" country="China" county="Nanning" latitude="23.495527" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="108.437225" municipality="Wuming" name="Daming Mountain" stateProvince="Guangxi">Daming Mountain</location>
,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EJIAG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[108.437222,23.495528]}">
<geoCoordinate id="111F814B90BE47BC5E943AB691B010AE" degrees="23" direction="north" minutes="29" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="43.9" value="23.495527">23 ° 29 ′ 43.9 ″ N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="ECB73134928B3D6CFCE3DEB1ED6A0041" degrees="108" direction="east" minutes="26" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="14.0" value="108.437225">108 ° 26 ′ 14.0 ″ E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
, alt.
<elevation id="0D908706B2958831BBCB38ED0959979C" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3344999999999998" metricValueMax="1.4449999999999998" metricValueMin="1.224" unit="m" value="1334.5" valueMax="1445.0" valueMin="1224.0">
<quantity id="4302930EA927A7A3C739DA7DECF8E97A" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3344999999999998" metricValueMax="1.4449999999999998" metricValueMin="1.224" unit="m" value="1334.5" valueMax="1445.0" valueMin="1224.0">1224–1445 m</quantity>
a. s. l.
</elevation>
,
<date id="A30E9187CB6C7F937F4C65A5DFFBE4A6" value="2024-12-25">
<collectingDate id="08DAED5B37E3BEB4B6A3CAB468EAD790" value="2024-12-25">25 December 2024</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="E8DDD7E1D1A3403ECDD5F542E514D09E" italics="true">
<collectionCode id="732D36E72016272262AB92FB0F025313" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14792" name="Yale University" type="Herbarium">Y</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="155B026A26F7680E20BB58EC459CE9F3" country="Netherlands" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15678" name="Nationaal Herbarium Nederland, Leiden University branch" type="Herbarium">L</collectionCode>
. Ding &amp;
<collectionCode id="80B0E955A06163A841C02C2C31D2A426" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14792" name="Yale University" type="Herbarium">Y</collectionCode>
.
<collectionCode id="55B8341E185105236973C87AEC1C00EB" name="Tavera, Department of Geology and Geophysics">T</collectionCode>
. Zhang
<specimenCode id="0DF3F9A0DC256352F06D92E6B582456C" collectionCode="WM" country="Sudan" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13122" name="Gezira Research Station" type="Herbarium">WM 241225</specimenCode>
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="5D88D6FCF1EFF3DD4663995064DCC1A7" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13689" name="Nanjing Forestry University" type="Herbarium">NF</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

391
data/5C/56/9F/5C569FCA95C65D62A1E9DE1BE7240CE2.xml Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,391 @@
<document id="E53F1233D3AB20DBFEC08968432CB702" ID-DOI="10.3897/jhr.98.141572" ID-ZooBank="57580D57-10C7-4FE2-A997-624E3CE20BE5" ID-publisher-id="141572" URI-arpha="58DE049E-D024-5282-A795-0E588202618E" URI-zoobank="http://zoobank.org/57580D57-10C7-4FE2-A997-624E3CE20BE5" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1744125335037" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Kim, Jaehee, Kwon, Oh-Seok, Yamane, Seiki &amp; Choi, Moon Bo" docDate="2025" docId="5C569FCA95C65D62A1E9DE1BE7240CE2" docLanguage="en" docName="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 98: 435-465" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 98" docSource="https://jhr.pensoft.net/article/141572/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docTitle="Vespa mandarinia Cameron 1852" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="465" masterDocId="58DE049ED0245282A7950E588202618E" masterDocTitle="Comparative morphological analysis of mature larvae of eight Vespa Linnaeus, 1758 species (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) in South Korea" masterLastPageNumber="465" masterPageNumber="435" pageNumber="435" updateTime="1744126111890" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="53C2D8434CA564B5D54F1A9FBFA67911" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="A114221A4FAD78B965E3BD145F099AE5">
<mods:title id="16905835FE03F84476E0F75C7F1FBFE5">Comparative morphological analysis of mature larvae of eight Vespa Linnaeus, 1758 species (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) in South Korea</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="911E0812E7C9DB22DF14C29555BA861F" type="personal">
<mods:role id="9500F5FC15A0F1F8D0A1622BFD6FDB9E">
<mods:roleTerm id="9255CF8BC71CA109500DD4F1BEF12BBD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="AAA9201B66538E64B39450FE6FC0610A">Kim, Jaehee</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="332043D426BB4F6045C87DF654EA63C4" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4211-4232</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="481E5613A0B4FB8D942825B547F2FB31">Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="C88B2048BE786D6DC73F5F92D31DBE4E" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F7FBDE927A4DE3A89F64CEA499B60E99">
<mods:roleTerm id="D86647BE412CA794564267BEA812EDFC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="0547A66248425832B2A8581C3658DF1C">Kwon, Oh-Seok</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="7B2CF93FC6F97B08116011E60065E581" type="ORCID">0000-0001-9075-3994</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="402D0123D26DFE7502FE38009440296E">Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="52C6DAFB8A7F6B5F63E71EE1E002B958" type="personal">
<mods:role id="9E0744C463EA9E6A8106DC54D7266145">
<mods:roleTerm id="F321F48C9E050306F0F26C633E95969C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="31BA78C15E1F7506466E45D68DFB051D">Yamane, Seiki</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D995F16E7D991F9DA692D4F85C286005">Department of Plant Medicine, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="396C9227D330EAE29A04B799FB87B8AB" type="personal">
<mods:role id="502144CBA31D4B392607417EC2FDC206">
<mods:roleTerm id="3E89F559ECED90515759C4A7FEB416EF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D981077F81502384EE0E552DAB97CF13">Choi, Moon Bo</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="851D369E252D7FD2C6F944A0EF976CE6" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7742-3704</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="030CA96A8AC40FC3F4425D18B7F77508">Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="4786526A94A787E93438F8680629CDEA">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="B970CEF729D1C6C69A916C363B125CB4" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="7B73D676DD34BD5ECD8FE7CB1FAF32A9">
<mods:title id="7D40F3FBCE6E65B12DC9CCF28172048D">Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="1D3EB492748D56DD9C91C134F7DC93CF">
<mods:date id="1453ACC7770E18B55A32313ED0162780">2025</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="3E94B843547CF2FBA276C4592AA83146" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="94FA9E87596496A043444A230E7CC0E9">2025-04-08</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="5577D820557AA99F663300FB93D47720" type="volume">
<mods:number id="E80787E29023F0612B68AFDE50E53EB3">98</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="888EDBF6B8CB89CE8128F299E12C312B" unit="page">
<mods:start id="1EABF2DEF2B0755FD8D74381B7CBB296">435</mods:start>
<mods:end id="F5CD10ABA70A64E0F76BC2366C6FFE1D">465</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="392969097BC4ADC12482730D598D1377">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="306F02ECA82308106898B71BB1FD336B" type="DOI">10.3897/jhr.98.141572</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="3B5542E9E40AAB916019091D2B49DFF7" type="ZooBank">57580D57-10C7-4FE2-A997-624E3CE20BE5</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="5C569FCA95C65D62A1E9DE1BE7240CE2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15175752" ID-Zenodo-Dep="15175752" ID-arpha="5C569FCA-95C6-5D62-A1E9-DE1BE7240CE2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5C569FCA95C65D62A1E9DE1BE7240CE2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/5C569FCA95C65D62A1E9DE1BE7240CE2">
<subSubSection id="A27F714FE0EE9E57E70634DD4C59CE11" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="6327977CF99CAF5CC9BB33D63B34F696">
<taxonomicName id="9305441BD8223816BDC161127B2EB2A8" ID-CoL="5B9WT" authority="Cameron, 1852" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1852" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mandarinia">
<emphasis id="9E30365E04D271216A0626CABA672C84" italics="true">Vespa mandarinia</emphasis>
Cameron, 1852
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EBIAE" type="description">
<paragraph id="8178D0ADF7F2CAFDAF1F781984BD2ADC">
<heading id="32B83443A7BA701D451623419EF703F2" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3638AA9AF17B4A417FBDE129307D9181">
<emphasis id="6E12BA14208D3FEB5A40F89832255C9D" bold="true" italics="true">Head</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="6F07D41452CD7054CC4C061C5DB2F619" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Vespa mandarinia A apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow indicating pits B left half of the labrum in ventrofrontal view C two examples of the labrum (ventral view), with the median patch circled D, E head in frontal view F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G relative positions of the temporal band, antenna (arrow), and clypeus, with a thick double-headed arrow indicating the distance between the dorsal margin of the clypeus and the ventral margin of the antenna H apical portion of the mandible, showing the configuration of the teeth. (For abbreviations, see Terminology.) Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A, B); 0.1 mm (C, F, H); 0.3 mm (D, E, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302716">3</figureCitation>
):
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQIAE" xlink_title="cranial width/mouthpart width ratio">
CW /
<collectionCode id="74DE8B3DA494C5BC726A1CBB819E788E" country="Netherlands" name="Museum Wasmann">MW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
= 1.29–1.42 (n = 45, mean 1.39). Cranium moderately rugo-reticulated and transversely wrinkled. Antenna (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EWIAE" xlink_title="antenna; circular, encircled by a slightly elevated ring (rim)">
<emphasis id="4EEA80B7308DC5615F2017FBBA678769" bold="true" italics="true">ant</emphasis>
</abbrev>
) located at mid-height on the cranium, distinctly posterior to the dorsal margin of the clypeus (Fig.
<figureCitation id="7D15B4CC694CD4DC5CF2B00ABACB718E" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Vespa mandarinia A apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow indicating pits B left half of the labrum in ventrofrontal view C two examples of the labrum (ventral view), with the median patch circled D, E head in frontal view F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G relative positions of the temporal band, antenna (arrow), and clypeus, with a thick double-headed arrow indicating the distance between the dorsal margin of the clypeus and the ventral margin of the antenna H apical portion of the mandible, showing the configuration of the teeth. (For abbreviations, see Terminology.) Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A, B); 0.1 mm (C, F, H); 0.3 mm (D, E, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302716">3 D, E</figureCitation>
), measuring
<quantity id="B3C58E4D6FE2D4C896FB3762340D26F9" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" unit="mm" value="0.08">0.08 mm</quantity>
in width; antennal rim thin yet distinct, with weak ventrolateral margins (indicated by an arrow in Fig.
<figureCitation id="0CB6EE2CCEF28CCE117AE0B062AA5501" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Vespa mandarinia A apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow indicating pits B left half of the labrum in ventrofrontal view C two examples of the labrum (ventral view), with the median patch circled D, E head in frontal view F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G relative positions of the temporal band, antenna (arrow), and clypeus, with a thick double-headed arrow indicating the distance between the dorsal margin of the clypeus and the ventral margin of the antenna H apical portion of the mandible, showing the configuration of the teeth. (For abbreviations, see Terminology.) Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A, B); 0.1 mm (C, F, H); 0.3 mm (D, E, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302716">3 H</figureCitation>
), and well-defined in other regions. Temporal band (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EEJAE" xlink_title="temporal band; also known as temporal fossa, ocular fossa, or parietal band, indicating the position of the eye">
<emphasis id="DA426F630F13D13C2323F22FE34AACC1" bold="true" italics="true">tmb</emphasis>
</abbrev>
) clearly visible (Fig.
<figureCitation id="D3A2E8E4CE4843DF846E7DAD83BB8BDD" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Vespa mandarinia A apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow indicating pits B left half of the labrum in ventrofrontal view C two examples of the labrum (ventral view), with the median patch circled D, E head in frontal view F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G relative positions of the temporal band, antenna (arrow), and clypeus, with a thick double-headed arrow indicating the distance between the dorsal margin of the clypeus and the ventral margin of the antenna H apical portion of the mandible, showing the configuration of the teeth. (For abbreviations, see Terminology.) Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A, B); 0.1 mm (C, F, H); 0.3 mm (D, E, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302716">3 D, E, G</figureCitation>
), with a narrow zone along its inner margin heavily pigmented with ferruginous coloration, except in the dorsal and ventral thirds. Ventral and dorsal edges distinctly margined, with remaining portions vaguely defined; ventral edge positioned slightly above the level of the dorsal margin of the antenna. Region around the frontal suture (
<emphasis id="F634D4E3C78AD04430E1DC2E44713AB4" bold="true" italics="true">fs</emphasis>
) dorsally bearing setae (n = 7–12); frons (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERJAE" xlink_title="frons; triangular area laterally defined by frontal sutures and ventrally by the epistomal suture (dorsal margin of the clypeus)">
<emphasis id="543A32F31215F384306B409459A49D32" bold="true" italics="true">fr</emphasis>
</abbrev>
), except for the area near the
<emphasis id="D0482606D20ABC0F6F84E4BBD80DCCAF" italics="true">fs</emphasis>
, bearing several setae; frontal sutures originating from the mid-cranial sulcus (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZJAE" xlink_title="mid-cranial suture; also known as the cleavage line">
<emphasis id="7A78118ECA802C9AB2EA6016FB1BBC7B" bold="true" italics="true">mcs</emphasis>
</abbrev>
) (Fig.
<figureCitation id="B9CF3B5D63B104680894288BEA9049A4" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Vespa mandarinia A apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow indicating pits B left half of the labrum in ventrofrontal view C two examples of the labrum (ventral view), with the median patch circled D, E head in frontal view F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G relative positions of the temporal band, antenna (arrow), and clypeus, with a thick double-headed arrow indicating the distance between the dorsal margin of the clypeus and the ventral margin of the antenna H apical portion of the mandible, showing the configuration of the teeth. (For abbreviations, see Terminology.) Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A, B); 0.1 mm (C, F, H); 0.3 mm (D, E, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302716">3 E</figureCitation>
); paired suprafrontal marks (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EDKAE" xlink_title="paired suprafrontal marks; the milky branch that diverges from the mcs; located dorsally on the frontalis suture">
<emphasis id="665A672937BA307324E58EE24D246D18" bold="true" italics="true">psm</emphasis>
</abbrev>
) well-defined (Fig.
<figureCitation id="4DC796EDFDB5C8063FBE301DFBC4F33C" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Vespa mandarinia A apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow indicating pits B left half of the labrum in ventrofrontal view C two examples of the labrum (ventral view), with the median patch circled D, E head in frontal view F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G relative positions of the temporal band, antenna (arrow), and clypeus, with a thick double-headed arrow indicating the distance between the dorsal margin of the clypeus and the ventral margin of the antenna H apical portion of the mandible, showing the configuration of the teeth. (For abbreviations, see Terminology.) Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A, B); 0.1 mm (C, F, H); 0.3 mm (D, E, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302716">3 E</figureCitation>
). Faint dotted patches on the frons (Fig.
<figureCitation id="5DDAB9F11E9E39EF7EDA1FC010352C1F" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Vespa mandarinia A apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow indicating pits B left half of the labrum in ventrofrontal view C two examples of the labrum (ventral view), with the median patch circled D, E head in frontal view F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G relative positions of the temporal band, antenna (arrow), and clypeus, with a thick double-headed arrow indicating the distance between the dorsal margin of the clypeus and the ventral margin of the antenna H apical portion of the mandible, showing the configuration of the teeth. (For abbreviations, see Terminology.) Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A, B); 0.1 mm (C, F, H); 0.3 mm (D, E, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302716">3 E</figureCitation>
). Clypeus as depicted in Fig.
<figureCitation id="9CAFA057B0470B0D9AF1E865DC24C2A5" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Vespa mandarinia A apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow indicating pits B left half of the labrum in ventrofrontal view C two examples of the labrum (ventral view), with the median patch circled D, E head in frontal view F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G relative positions of the temporal band, antenna (arrow), and clypeus, with a thick double-headed arrow indicating the distance between the dorsal margin of the clypeus and the ventral margin of the antenna H apical portion of the mandible, showing the configuration of the teeth. (For abbreviations, see Terminology.) Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A, B); 0.1 mm (C, F, H); 0.3 mm (D, E, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302716">3 D, E, G</figureCitation>
; main disc transverse, with a width exceeding the minimum distance between the antennae; dorsal margin shallowly and roundly convex and dorsolateral corners semi-angulate; lateral margin, which houses the tentorial pit, straight and without a pigmented spot; main disc relatively low, with a
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ETKAE" xlink_title="clypeal index">CLI</abbrev>
of 1.5–2; main disc with approximately 80 setae. Labrum as shown in Fig.
<figureCitation id="963EBE0B3F20200FD0DEB61F1091B360" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Vespa mandarinia A apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow indicating pits B left half of the labrum in ventrofrontal view C two examples of the labrum (ventral view), with the median patch circled D, E head in frontal view F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G relative positions of the temporal band, antenna (arrow), and clypeus, with a thick double-headed arrow indicating the distance between the dorsal margin of the clypeus and the ventral margin of the antenna H apical portion of the mandible, showing the configuration of the teeth. (For abbreviations, see Terminology.) Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A, B); 0.1 mm (C, F, H); 0.3 mm (D, E, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302716">3 B, C, F</figureCitation>
(left), with numerous sensory bristles on its lower half. Palate (Fig.
<figureCitation id="B3570A83E3B5F58281D42CFC9DA19704" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Vespa mandarinia A apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow indicating pits B left half of the labrum in ventrofrontal view C two examples of the labrum (ventral view), with the median patch circled D, E head in frontal view F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G relative positions of the temporal band, antenna (arrow), and clypeus, with a thick double-headed arrow indicating the distance between the dorsal margin of the clypeus and the ventral margin of the antenna H apical portion of the mandible, showing the configuration of the teeth. (For abbreviations, see Terminology.) Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A, B); 0.1 mm (C, F, H); 0.3 mm (D, E, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302716">3 C, F</figureCitation>
: right) with or without a median patch (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EBLAE" xlink_title="median patch; darkened area on the palate, located at the median extremity of the palate">
<emphasis id="88AE57B2FB13291113A001738EAEB38A" bold="true" italics="true">mpt</emphasis>
</abbrev>
) of variable size; sclerotized patch (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EHLAE" xlink_title="sclerotized patch on the palate">
<emphasis id="B55E7CC198264949A6D824E3224A5149" bold="true" italics="true">sp</emphasis>
</abbrev>
, Fig.
<figureCitation id="4B54A923244203CB7F43BE1F07C91791" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Vespa mandarinia A apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow indicating pits B left half of the labrum in ventrofrontal view C two examples of the labrum (ventral view), with the median patch circled D, E head in frontal view F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G relative positions of the temporal band, antenna (arrow), and clypeus, with a thick double-headed arrow indicating the distance between the dorsal margin of the clypeus and the ventral margin of the antenna H apical portion of the mandible, showing the configuration of the teeth. (For abbreviations, see Terminology.) Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A, B); 0.1 mm (C, F, H); 0.3 mm (D, E, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302716">3 F</figureCitation>
) extending toward the dorsolateral corner of the palate, measuring approximately half the palate width; median area with dense conical papillae (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0ERLAE" xlink_title="conical papillae on the palate">
<emphasis id="05D70F6A9131524485C9459CDB743FDA" bold="true" italics="true">cp</emphasis>
</abbrev>
), with the papillae sparser in the lateral area more sparsely distributed. Largest conical papilla approximately
<quantity id="F12B47B1A6064AD5AFB3DB8C5BDA6E80" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="mm" value="0.03">0.03 mm</quantity>
in width and positioned ventrally on the palate. Spicules (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EXLAE" xlink_title="spicule; microscopic process on the palate">
<emphasis id="9705CEE65627C88C223A6DD72A8FB048" bold="true" italics="true">spi</emphasis>
</abbrev>
) distributed on the medioventral portion and along the lateral margins of the palate. Mandible (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4LAE" xlink_title="mandible">
<emphasis id="64603A2B2596E874F3884A435E6D1BB0" bold="true" italics="true">md</emphasis>
</abbrev>
) with three teeth (Fig.
<figureCitation id="4070E8ECB9C260A9C604560FE6CEE234" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Vespa mandarinia A apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow indicating pits B left half of the labrum in ventrofrontal view C two examples of the labrum (ventral view), with the median patch circled D, E head in frontal view F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G relative positions of the temporal band, antenna (arrow), and clypeus, with a thick double-headed arrow indicating the distance between the dorsal margin of the clypeus and the ventral margin of the antenna H apical portion of the mandible, showing the configuration of the teeth. (For abbreviations, see Terminology.) Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A, B); 0.1 mm (C, F, H); 0.3 mm (D, E, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302716">3 A, D, I</figureCitation>
), which are heavily sclerotized with blunt apices; outer surface of the mandible entirely covered with numerous pits. Mandibular teeth I and II distinctly more projected than tooth III, which is apically bifid; Tooth I as long as tooth II, whereas tooth IIIb slightly more prominent than IIIa. Tooth I separated from II at an angle of 40 ° – 70 °, II from IIIa at 50 ° – 70 °, and IIIa from IIIb at 70 ° – 105 °. Tooth I slightly broader than II and ventrally thick; tooth II with a smooth ventral margin and a minutely gibbous dorsal margin; bifurcation point of teeth II and IIIa slightly deeper than other bifurcation points (Fig.
<figureCitation id="EC2E69474DC3C987AF788B1CBA2287A0" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Vespa mandarinia A apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow indicating pits B left half of the labrum in ventrofrontal view C two examples of the labrum (ventral view), with the median patch circled D, E head in frontal view F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G relative positions of the temporal band, antenna (arrow), and clypeus, with a thick double-headed arrow indicating the distance between the dorsal margin of the clypeus and the ventral margin of the antenna H apical portion of the mandible, showing the configuration of the teeth. (For abbreviations, see Terminology.) Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A, B); 0.1 mm (C, F, H); 0.3 mm (D, E, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302716">3 H</figureCitation>
). Maxilla with approximately 25 setae, with those near the palpus being 1.5 times longer than those on other parts. Prelabium with approximately 30 setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="5229CEDD3CCB3D9D015FD4923F9A501B">
<emphasis id="BDDADD1FACAC1116157CCE63EFF79FEB" bold="true" italics="true">Body</emphasis>
(thorax and abdomen): Body
<quantity id="254F443DE0161E104FC7E7D9DA4FB6A5" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.05" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.6" unit="mm" value="30.5" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="26.0">26–35 mm</quantity>
in length (n = 45, mean
<quantity id="91FCFD7AA3F77B4CA59B478B459D91DA" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.12" unit="mm" value="31.2">31.2 mm</quantity>
) and
<quantity id="3A55CC953A7E01A41ED4E3F3AA7B979E" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.3" unit="mm" value="16.0" valueMax="19.0" valueMin="13.0">13–19 mm</quantity>
in width (mean
<quantity id="6BBF10F1FF5A024ADF7BBB902AEB28CF" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5699999999999998" unit="mm" value="15.7">15.7 mm</quantity>
); integument with sparse setae and widely spaced, short spicules. Spiracles deep, generally uniform in size except for spiracles 1, 2, and 10, which are slightly smaller; largest spiracle
<quantity id="8E98A0B8B2E6C65559D84C7C228FB491" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" unit="mm" value="0.65">0.65 mm</quantity>
in diameter; rim of spiracle
<quantity id="A099977470E128C4AE295C2E3501C878" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" unit="mm" value="0.06">0.06 mm</quantity>
in thickness, consisting of distinct, elongated processes; inner part with short and thick atrial processes.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EQMAE" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="8319F679BAC8FCD2A546DB2A8C34D84A">
<heading id="C505DC03E08482E84F92F5B8E03D6B15" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="876641F9814648F37AD42584CF861474">
In this species, the
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EWMAE" xlink_title="cranial width/mouthpart width ratio">
CW /
<collectionCode id="45BAA68298D54B39B0CDD0314BC6D6D8" country="Netherlands" name="Museum Wasmann">MW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
ratio is consistently below 1.45.
<bibRefCitation id="AC29AF056391C7394F1365D71945ECDE" author="Yamane Sk" firstAuthor="Yamane" journalOrPublisher="Insecta Matsumurana New Series" pagination="1-45" refId="B40" refString="Yamane Sk (1976) Morphological and taxonomic studies on vespine larvae, with reference to the phylogeny of the subfamily Vespinae (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Insecta Matsumurana New Series 8: 1–45. http://hdl.handle.net/2115/9782" title="Morphological and taxonomic studies on vespine larvae, with reference to the phylogeny of the subfamily Vespinae (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)." url="http://hdl.handle.net/2115/9782" volume="8" year="1976">Yamane (1976)</bibRefCitation>
also used this smaller
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E5MAE" xlink_title="cranial width/mouthpart width ratio">
CW /
<collectionCode id="9F541956E2E9AF5F0FE2A070C46D6F19" country="Netherlands" name="Museum Wasmann">MW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
ratio to distinguish
<taxonomicName id="AAA354E2C723F84858200C280FCF3432" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1852" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mandarinia">
<emphasis id="20B9A9390EADA6E3F0C6F08432C72E21" italics="true">V. mandarinia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from other
<taxonomicName id="83A4C6BCB785730632EAB82609C10DB3" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="5A4D204043BDF1D8BDB0FFDED4F71370" italics="true">Vespa</emphasis>
species.
</taxonomicName>
The median patch on the palate is absent in the Japanese and Taiwanese populations of
<taxonomicName id="A684360967332D9A825DC6F0869B1265" authority="(Yamane 1976)" baseAuthorityName="Yamane" baseAuthorityYear="1976" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mandarinia">
<emphasis id="4880ADBFF001D8D61F63BB89DAD41EA5" italics="true">V. mandarinia</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="8076BA5F2B2B4212FC2EA70EC44A79A7" author="Yamane" firstAuthor="Yamane" journalOrPublisher="Insecta Matsumurana New Series" pagination="1-45" refId="B40" refString="Yamane Sk (1976) Morphological and taxonomic studies on vespine larvae, with reference to the phylogeny of the subfamily Vespinae (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Insecta Matsumurana New Series 8: 1–45. http://hdl.handle.net/2115/9782" title="Morphological and taxonomic studies on vespine larvae, with reference to the phylogeny of the subfamily Vespinae (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)." url="http://hdl.handle.net/2115/9782" volume="8" year="1976">Yamane 1976</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
; however, some Korean specimens examined in this study exhibited this feature. Although this characteristic varied among our Korean samples, it remains unclear whether it is stable in the Japanese and Taiwanese populations.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EDOAE" type="material">
<paragraph id="2D6DF943289DE3B6A9F4CB84571F974C">
<heading id="59BB3D3FD71F2F713BFFF6A5824D7622" reason="title">Specimens examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D90E2C2C1D2F1785AAF778B65CA9F481">
<materialsCitation id="DC52F844379BDB824F8DE44835186A8A" collectingDate="2021-10-20" collectorName="Choi &amp; Kim" country="South Korea" latitude="35.196667" location="Gwangju" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="126.89" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gwangju">
<collectingCountry id="ADD3917A36B1B7E6A2E1562C0EBBB91C" name="South Korea">South Korea</collectingCountry>
• 15 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="DFBF9E35659236AE95528A13FE3F82A9" country="South Korea" name="Gwangju">Gwangju</collectingRegion>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EMOAE" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[126.890000,35.196667]}">
<geoCoordinate id="FEDC9E703625A142BA9DB2A634ADDAFE" degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="11" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="48" value="35.196667">35 ° 11 ' 48 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="8243C70054F98E8A1C0E22F4561F65A5" degrees="126" direction="east" minutes="53" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="24" value="126.89">126 ° 53 ' 24 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="3648187B31F5CAD606E8F5A9B8E8C70A" value="2021-10-20">
<collectingDate id="8CB789A6BB04E006A3B01D27A589C714" value="2021-10-20">20 Oct. 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="80823F45EAD58E1959BE538F2291C14F">Choi</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="74C615B4E8B0E4BB31951C132EC7DED3">Kim</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="0EEC129F74603E2DBB6EA0DD1437BA72" collectingDate="2022-09-14" collectorName="Ma" country="South Korea" latitude="35.474724" location="Ulsan" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="129.19167" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Ulsan">
5 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="531C1CD0E16B11CF67A16794BF67E8CA" country="South Korea" name="Ulsan">Ulsan</collectingRegion>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EUOAE" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[129.191667,35.474722]}">
<geoCoordinate id="FE6DF21D7B651DB9A4947C7312408B09" degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="28" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="29" value="35.474724">35 ° 28 ' 29 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="5276EABA3C960C78019E677E2A59EC0C" degrees="129" direction="east" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="30" value="129.19167">129 ° 11 ' 30 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="3C5D53CD70CD9F1A6230D4543D5F40BB" value="2022-09-14">
<collectingDate id="1CBF78B7B6DBF52BC457586D2EE15702" value="2022-09-14">14 Sept. 2022</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="966A797A3F2B29F33B4DBE9DDC9FBCBA">Ma</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="4039B0D00D9CEC7BCC9B0B0CD19F1A4E" collectingDate="2023-09-01" collectorName="Choi &amp; Kim" country="South Korea" latitude="36.3775" location="Uiseong-gun" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.63556" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">
30 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="FDF4975F531874840DAEAEB7C2554A27" country="South Korea" name="Gyeongbuk">Gyeongsangbuk-do</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="EB271FC7CA395EF2AAECF2EDF8E617C5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5C569FCA95C65D62A1E9DE1BE7240CE2:EB271FC7CA395EF2AAECF2EDF8E617C5" country="South Korea" latitude="36.3775" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.63556" name="Uiseong-gun" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">Uiseong-gun</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E3OAE" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[128.635556,36.377500]}">
<geoCoordinate id="57A942A346A950DC49D758FBF48F9F2B" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="22" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="39" value="36.3775">36 ° 22 ' 39 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="83E2239F528909B0CBB8D530C215CAD9" degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="38" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="08" value="128.63556">128 ° 38 ' 08 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="38A699321B42B1284C9488E46038F749" value="2023-09-01">
<collectingDate id="30A92324C31768D625333D99ADD1C942" value="2023-09-01">01 Sept. 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="CC972D918A2596DB996EAA9D1951DB73">Choi</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="180535AE127D540C23060063395CBE23">Kim</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="428264ABC23CB0FC76BB04025CBDE5E7" collectingDate="2023-09-12" collectorName="Ma" country="South Korea" latitude="36.395557" location="Uiseong-gun" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.44556" municipality="Gyeonsangbuk-do" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">
5 mature larvae;
<collectingMunicipality id="22F551F3932CA88AA341DD68F3037FE2">Gyeonsangbuk-do</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="3C9D7738ECBA6711D692987F2D5C19B8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5C569FCA95C65D62A1E9DE1BE7240CE2:3C9D7738ECBA6711D692987F2D5C19B8" country="South Korea" latitude="36.395557" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.44556" municipality="Gyeonsangbuk-do" name="Uiseong-gun" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">Uiseong-gun</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EEPAE" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[128.445556,36.395556]}">
<geoCoordinate id="92DF33D8534AE79B893852719B644D0E" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="23" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="44" value="36.395557">36 ° 23 ' 44 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="B111417B5AD69603888988903EA11CE6" degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="26" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="44" value="128.44556">128 ° 26 ' 44 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="5A661AC3A0F8DA24A573B50AF681667F" value="2023-09-12">
<collectingDate id="AC857F220674793F073C10E04CA41EA8" value="2023-09-12">12 Sept. 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="5CE4A27FDD4CBD9FA2EE2B1EE53F429F">Ma</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="64943664B599DAE841B5D614E4FE5517" collectingDate="2024-08-08" collectorName="Ma" country="South Korea" latitude="35.81972" location="Gyeongju-si" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="129.30444" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">
10 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="58980C2647DDDB219F74ED6DEC6C0458" country="South Korea" name="Gyeongbuk">Gyeongsangbuk-do</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="3B65D16FD8C8C337724947ECFA84B6AD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5C569FCA95C65D62A1E9DE1BE7240CE2:3B65D16FD8C8C337724947ECFA84B6AD" country="South Korea" latitude="35.81972" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="129.30444" name="Gyeongju-si" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">Gyeongju-si</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EMPAE" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[129.304444,35.819722]}">
<geoCoordinate id="C6FBEE9D343388E7895F188B743499B9" degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="49" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="11" value="35.81972">35 ° 49 ' 11 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="5ED6C6326A1D1CD5573FF64DE194A2A3" degrees="129" direction="east" minutes="18" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="16" value="129.30444">129 ° 18 ' 16 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="845FD01704E60535133ACE731ECE999F" value="2024-08-08">
<collectingDate id="1F5D836B391587A6312710D412C44335" value="2024-08-08">08 Aug. 2024</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="C28A44B64827DAF5077D77B0C06E6A29">Ma</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="E8120E299D0FA54492A24D72A2852589" collectingDate="2024-09-11" collectorName="Choi" country="South Korea" latitude="37.170834" location="Taebaek-si" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.9711" municipality="Gangwon-do" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">
10 mature larvae;
<collectingMunicipality id="2026EDF89AD441BC70C0ACA38A52359F">Gangwon-do</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="EB80C44B22A9CB688A313F1B71A143DB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5C569FCA95C65D62A1E9DE1BE7240CE2:EB80C44B22A9CB688A313F1B71A143DB" country="South Korea" latitude="37.170834" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.9711" municipality="Gangwon-do" name="Taebaek-si" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">Taebaek-si</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EUPAE" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[128.971111,37.170833]}">
<geoCoordinate id="B197272F26CA262CE74E3A0F243AD75C" degrees="37" direction="north" minutes="10" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="15" value="37.170834">37 ° 10 ' 15 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="D6230364E51BA685E76170B4D8BC4930" degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="16" value="128.9711">128 ° 58 ' 16 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="27EFBE521A3E150C579EA118AF307724" value="2024-09-11">
<collectingDate id="670B9C0337D2622358D6BF67D0EDB29C" value="2024-09-11">11 Sept. 2024</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="0DBC9B131ADC557A957126F3625A79B6">Choi</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="45428FAA77E53BB57D53DB3E8B255182" collectingDate="2024-09-20" collectorName="Choi &amp; Kim" country="South Korea" latitude="36.275" location="Daejeon" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="127.37583" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Daejon">
15 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="03B43D5BD7C810012183D8EFE0BEDF5B" country="South Korea" name="Daejon">Daejeon</collectingRegion>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E3PAE" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[127.375833,36.275000]}">
<geoCoordinate id="2E8A12289B2D665011484A3912594D86" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="16" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="30" value="36.275">36 ° 16 ' 30 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9CDECB77971B46BCEA2E7EE68BDF6A88" degrees="127" direction="east" minutes="22" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="33" value="127.37583">127 ° 22 ' 33 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="9A36F853B3E90F0A7889ABE3E546F99E" value="2024-09-20">
<collectingDate id="5AF274BA32162F43304DEF28F9579A46" value="2024-09-20">20 Sept. 2024</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="C6D754203E399E753A33AFAEA1CC8702">Choi</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="8E2A13F5FA94C9CED271D21CD8840417">Kim</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="5691A51603378913C10AA529C9ECEDA9" collectingDate="2024-10-04" collectorName="Ma" country="South Korea" latitude="35.18611" location="Jinju-si" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.15999" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongnam">
20 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="1150325CD127E3C1D3D52A877BFA171B" country="South Korea" name="Gyeongnam">Gyeongsangnam-do</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="83BC514A0ADB7AF786B4B937953C8CDB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5C569FCA95C65D62A1E9DE1BE7240CE2:83BC514A0ADB7AF786B4B937953C8CDB" country="South Korea" latitude="35.18611" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.15999" name="Jinju-si" stateProvince="Gyeongnam">Jinju-si</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EEQAE" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[128.160000,35.186111]}">
<geoCoordinate id="AF7F8AF310EF53FB5F1BAA8871441BB4" degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="11" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="10" value="35.18611">35 ° 11 ' 10 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="0A1113D578A668317984172CCDF6A89A" degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="09" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="36" value="128.15999">128 ° 09 ' 36 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="367E98BB76AAC58E97ECA50605F122C5" value="2024-10-04">
<collectingDate id="8312E6E0E3973C59A8273004EE7F01D9" value="2024-10-04">4 Oct. 2024</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="27F917802F2EBF6F2F249816270EB34D">Ma</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="710CAFAF1531D3CA332A7A1A2B94572B" collectingDate="2024-10-18" collectorName="Choi" country="South Korea" latitude="36.609997" location="Andong-si" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.81528" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">
5 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="303005E99B1373ED2B9E1BD4EF3F0735" country="South Korea" name="Gyeongbuk">Gyeongsangbuk-do</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="2CBE7F345F38C2FBA1230451FF6A92EF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:5C569FCA95C65D62A1E9DE1BE7240CE2:2CBE7F345F38C2FBA1230451FF6A92EF" country="South Korea" latitude="36.609997" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.81528" name="Andong-si" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">Andong-si</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EMQAE" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[128.815278,36.610000]}">
<geoCoordinate id="60DF14D35308568DDD54A8C14201C31E" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="36" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="36" value="36.609997">36 ° 36 ' 36 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="55220E05C3D8BEE3A9515376D7F79A07" degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="48" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="55" value="128.81528">128 ° 48 ' 55 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="5B7C4D925BF0FF4302CB91A5BB51D21A" value="2024-10-18">
<collectingDate id="D8592D18D97FC9AFDFF9E3700B2F0519" value="2024-10-18">18 Oct. 2024</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="541C95C79FF9351AB76F6333F028330A">Choi</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

230
data/6E/FF/9E/6EFF9E2B65945B119ABF26892AEB7CA1.xml Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,230 @@
<document id="47A6E4422705B374461D7436C38DCAA4" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1234.147859" ID-ZooBank="DEBD2828-252B-4F0C-8170-F36FF28AC839" ID-publisher-id="147859" URI-arpha="C50737B8-2108-5325-B570-1BE12237215C" URI-zoobank="http://zoobank.org/DEBD2828-252B-4F0C-8170-F36FF28AC839" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1744126003752" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="García-Acosta, Gerardo Y., Castañeda-Osorio, Rubén, Belokobylskij, Sergey A., Shimbori, Eduardo M., Jasso-Martínez, Jovana M., Penteado-Dias, Angélica M. &amp; Zaldívar-Riverón, Alejandro" docDate="2025" docId="6EFF9E2B65945B119ABF26892AEB7CA1" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1234: 67-87" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1234" docSource="https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/147859/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docTitle="Rogapolis nomai Garcia-Acosta, Shimbori, Castaneda-Osorio &amp; Zaldivar-Riveron 2025, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="87" masterDocId="C50737B821085325B5701BE12237215C" masterDocTitle="Systematics of the braconid wasp subfamily Rhysipolinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) based on UCE data, with the description of a new Neotropical genus" masterLastPageNumber="87" masterPageNumber="67" pageNumber="67" updateTime="1744126478269" updateUser="pensoft">
<mods:mods id="88C8867DF7BB1990A8CE1DE459F08F82" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="3E49EDAD834344140D87B3CB0D238251">
<mods:title id="51385ACBDB284CDD8C8814A889E1FE7F">Systematics of the braconid wasp subfamily Rhysipolinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) based on UCE data, with the description of a new Neotropical genus</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="A515234B787AA29F3E6E6D01A2F3B36C" type="personal">
<mods:role id="686FEB94207B51BEF51EDF6EC53D635C">
<mods:roleTerm id="1A28DE5202FB91A713D2026587FC0AF9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="1BABDAF25342763A4A4240F47EBF690D">García-Acosta, Gerardo Y.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="99B6CDE10FB03741BC23A812D9EF548D">Colección Nacional de Insectos, Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 3 er circuito exterior s / n, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="6E8F655B478119F94B796E9271E24D24" type="personal">
<mods:role id="61BE1DD9F166AB20516F91C78FC338CB">
<mods:roleTerm id="D2A5318050CDA22E0EB8357126F04F34">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="6C934E02FB0E788A81A911813871C9F9">Castañeda-Osorio, Rubén</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="FC2D14F3C8E779E91D931CC5C9BD0EE3" type="ORCID">0000-0003-0507-5477</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="DF3C526D63E9D53C1405CF982EEFAFC4">Colección Nacional de Insectos, Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 3 er circuito exterior s / n, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="D149868AAAC8FFC17E03CE106816C99D" type="personal">
<mods:role id="089CD61DDAB28E2BB8628561F8560325">
<mods:roleTerm id="B071B78E471E81EEB3BD4C60ECE7A8E4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="CE82B8F36CB5EB2ACDCFE356C1462B68">Belokobylskij, Sergey A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="8B488CA25742A9BF071BC39D6D129254" type="ORCID">0000-0002-3646-3459</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="A57B21E1A5DC0A7A0D218BB82F734D56">Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya naberezhnaya 1, Saint Petersburg, Russia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="92BCEF7DF39DF77A9EA1F8CF9AFC2A36" type="personal">
<mods:role id="707DBE5C0EB17531449A4AC7FC6E1D89">
<mods:roleTerm id="717C325D32832F9A380CA47075CCF9CA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="E57008166D54ED9491A8F56A0E9E26DB">Shimbori, Eduardo M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="51C57E427486DA778DFB3FC28962EA2B" type="ORCID">0000-0003-4655-2591</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="537BA9F86E64B84CC5B9976C0572D605">Colección Nacional de Insectos, Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 3 er circuito exterior s / n, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico &amp; Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil &amp; Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement (CIRAD), Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion de Populations (CBGP), Montpellier, F- 34398, France</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="2B8084EEA334374CB72F0E2153FC84D6" type="personal">
<mods:role id="E82F5D689ADAE17FE31CDA316DBDDB54">
<mods:roleTerm id="17B3EFA3E75443A80C556B63A696AADE">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D086D8C7BFDE3ED3DF02CCF31350B38D">Jasso-Martínez, Jovana M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A64B43B29B8AB83A616BA83614F8B3B8" type="ORCID">0000-0001-6497-7150</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="D2B3A83E2D8A2F4C1583778924C668F0">Colección Nacional de Insectos, Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 3 er circuito exterior s / n, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="733535BC80811C0B9FBBFD85CA7824B5" type="personal">
<mods:role id="3DC309C971A35A181CC9E0A61E7FDD61">
<mods:roleTerm id="77CBA4C777714F140D665FDC58797219">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="4C1D25897349ED36E43D70A8B1D32EB2">Penteado-Dias, Angélica M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D59CB60E48342D3CCF7F3BD753907ADD" type="ORCID">0000-0002-8371-5591</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="55C73B5514961D0A4CD9D9E21D7C0616">Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="177DCA9937B52AB973C66490D469B00F" type="personal">
<mods:role id="6F8D9E97BF31E5CBA77EEF6DAC28E3B1">
<mods:roleTerm id="25F8479773E80AD58EEABD15315A18D6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="53F3996580DF4FDBC66C13834E52B756">Zaldívar-Riverón, Alejandro</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="6C096A7A9A2B1217BC6765DA85AAA41F" type="ORCID">0000-0001-5837-1929</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="B2FC8FE59CF7B8058EC62651843B575C">Colección Nacional de Insectos, Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 3 er circuito exterior s / n, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="E930A1DDDD1A54D28CF8773BDB9278EA">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="45CCFCEEB7DADC9A37291E5B0D27A6A4" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="2DDA242C8EDE0311309791F80DE4363D">
<mods:title id="431320F30156B074A05EB35B10C17AB9">ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="7F1BBD0814EBD2F2E917CEB8B67B53B8">
<mods:date id="11587C2D02FE34DD751AC4A4B7C1931D">2025</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="9EBB0A7B8A36EA5A9250D594BE4B13D1" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="540B6D10F77BDB5BFDD3641168B732AC">2025-04-08</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="F49CA2EA94D5E918CCDB269E642EB8B2" type="volume">
<mods:number id="B0788BFBCFC8305FD5AAAE6E1E162C38">1234</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="166DDCCA3423F45F986EDC74CF69ECB7" unit="page">
<mods:start id="E7829D344B6DCFD5ED6ADA6B8A6C7334">67</mods:start>
<mods:end id="EAB9311C8C4BE4B16ABB71D382DB8F9D">87</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="213D3221C8A3E4A1899A2713FFD0818E">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="E44471A8F44AF7230FF1532E45EB5941" type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.1234.147859</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="875552CBB178B3F428A092C34F8923AD" type="ZooBank">DEBD2828-252B-4F0C-8170-F36FF28AC839</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="6EFF9E2B65945B119ABF26892AEB7CA1" ID-arpha="6EFF9E2B-6594-5B11-9ABF-26892AEB7CA1" ID-zoobank="https://zoobank.org/9AC078D0-A04E-4004-B2B1-39CF12AD842C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6EFF9E2B65945B119ABF26892AEB7CA1" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:9AC078D0-A04E-4004-B2B1-39CF12AD842C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/6EFF9E2B65945B119ABF26892AEB7CA1">
<subSubSection id="3A2B1E50D40DDE0F91F385BB9115B353" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="D7115882F8B32BEBF6A13DBCC8348EDC">
<taxonomicName id="2CE543AB8EA3FC3F23CFDEE9017A6114" authority="Garcia-Acosta, Shimbori, Castaneda-Osorio &amp; Zaldivar-Riveron" authorityName="Garcia-Acosta, Shimbori, Castaneda-Osorio &amp; Zaldivar-Riveron" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rogapolis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nomai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="9F9EC3185AFA9E68F0DB4B153380A466" italics="true">Rogapolis nomai</emphasis>
García-Acosta, Shimbori, Castañeda-Osorio &amp; Zaldívar-Riverón
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="E4438FBECCBE9459467AF2181E9DB6A5" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5718E6099849CB92919E6FDBE08B911B" type="description">
<paragraph id="94ADF281AD5824384F7949149B1CD47A">
<figureCitation id="160223DEF164C2672E90D62A24BE54F1" captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Rogapolis nomai García-Acosta, Shimbori, Castañeda-Osorio &amp; Zaldívar-Riverón, gen. et sp. nov. Holotype, female A habitus, lateral view B head, posterolateral view (shown hypostomal carina not reaching occipital carina) C head, front view D head, dorsal view E head and mesosoma, dorsal view F head and mesosoma, lateral view G metasoma, dorsal view H metasoma, lateral view I wings." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1234.147859.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302383">Fig. 2 A – I</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EWSAG" type="type material">
<paragraph id="98D37951F1717369DB3480450C1732FF">
<heading id="3450AC571961E6DB05BC97731B5907F4" reason="title">Type material.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CB49850C822163E92F57B93B26F3ADD8">
<materialsCitation id="351C4873D8B35FECCACD52ABFDE77656" collectingDate="2006-04-20" collectionCode="AC" collectorName="Menezes" country="Brazil" location="Mancio Lima" specimenCode="DCBU 22093" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="DE1CE43B3B4B556FBE5DAD970E86CEFD" bold="true" italics="true">
<typeStatus id="B2CD01890E04E485AE3485872291F334" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
, female (
<ext-link id="6A29F8292EBA2244822878C14C442425" ext-link-type="uri" xlink_href="https://mbd-db.osu.edu/hol/search_results?&amp;search_type=fast&amp;q=USNMENT01322932" xlink_type="simple">USNMENT 01322932</ext-link>
) “
<collectingCountry id="E7B44A6EBBBC1A10455AAFCA7EFDBC4D" name="Brazil">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="FE96606A5D9B87E614F4DB362C7AF14D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:6EFF9E2B65945B119ABF26892AEB7CA1:FE96606A5D9B87E614F4DB362C7AF14D" country="Brazil" name="Mancio Lima">Mâncio Lima</location>
,
<collectionCode id="2BA50744C1437161677149CCC5DAA1CA" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12582" name="Amherst College, Beneski Museum of Natural History" type="University or college">AC</collectionCode>
/
<date id="9A1CA2C733FBD7AE50BB0C5E2F2D3845" value="2006-04-20">
<collectingDate id="20F58F39996D8F2036EF200ADE2BD63F" value="2006-04-20">20. IV. 2006</collectingDate>
</date>
/
<collectorName id="93D20D8CF29BA4D20908C7479A74ABF9">Menezes</collectorName>
col ” (
<specimenCode id="406B70E3F501D9069AA124BFE1E6E71F" collectionCode="DCBU" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5zzs-n4tg" name="Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos" type="">
<named-content id="F9E635867C9EA509391ABEC28DEB9DCD" content-type="dwc:institutional_code" xlink_href="http://grbio.org/institution/universidade-federal-de-sao-carlos" xlink_title="Coleção Entomológica, Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade Federal de São Carlos">DCBU</named-content>
22093
</specimenCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<caption id="A5EA4F8B84754E767485E874A69CA726" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1234.147859.figure2" ID-arpha="F4D1D164-2123-509E-BA55-1B9A902D94A6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302383" startId="F2">
<paragraph id="D6D67009FA1F7F1585712CE96C98936B">
<label id="A1222781018B0D853C1A8FF436789F7B">Figure 2.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A5B0AB156D2E6A53BC348E6E7877B215">
<taxonomicName id="E9FA7C0B7851175141B27940DC7F9745" authority="Garcia-Acosta, Shimbori, Castaneda-Osorio &amp; Zaldivar-Riveron" authorityName="Garcia-Acosta, Shimbori, Castaneda-Osorio &amp; Zaldivar-Riveron" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rogapolis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nomai" status="gen. et sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E2026C7782FB6D0D2B20D4DE22A64F0D" italics="true">Rogapolis nomai</emphasis>
García-Acosta, Shimbori, Castañeda-Osorio &amp; Zaldívar-Riverón
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="7B5CB22FC20C54BDCF1F4482117CDB78" rank="species">gen. et sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Holotype, female
<emphasis id="F84E1001997B934DF4AA90ED0C420E7B" bold="true">A</emphasis>
habitus, lateral view
<emphasis id="C2C725BD3AB37F0DDD652C4215256EA3" bold="true">B</emphasis>
head, posterolateral view (shown hypostomal carina not reaching occipital carina)
<emphasis id="D1439D4D6EB0B2EEA8B3B707557C788B" bold="true">C</emphasis>
head, front view
<emphasis id="597BA7BA424924C4EB8A76523C2D7809" bold="true">D</emphasis>
head, dorsal view
<emphasis id="B002AF3890498C1369A05596E93517AA" bold="true">E</emphasis>
head and mesosoma, dorsal view
<emphasis id="3C9F4C442B343A5A5C324389B5B2B858" bold="true">F</emphasis>
head and mesosoma, lateral view
<emphasis id="B821FAAF9BD2D217F5120E3D4AFEC683" bold="true">G</emphasis>
metasoma, dorsal view
<emphasis id="72F7876E4E4044084D943A9CEF133ADD" bold="true">H</emphasis>
metasoma, lateral view
<emphasis id="88BE0628204298728398AEF40DF2B0C8" bold="true">I</emphasis>
wings.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EUUAG" type="description">
<paragraph id="7A07002C68077A474BA73CDE15984190">
<heading id="7077F0EBA8B9FE6236C004A70CECBB3E" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A501F5EAD86EAE09AC4F1D6FD8547AC">
Female, body length
<quantity id="6155366559C6A9EC8BA389CD33B27923" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
, fore wing
<quantity id="042B2ACC4C730487A174FE82E0508835" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
; antenna
<quantity id="23125532FFCCFF9F7A2162D6AF68580C" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.1" unit="mm" value="6.1">6.1 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0424022A63A0452865CD8F835D5A3C34">
<emphasis id="A475F3DEA66D80497CAE352E1CA97383" bold="true">
<emphasis id="0F1E6EF802F75E15CEABB47BC4305927" bold="true" italics="true">Head</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Face without mid-longitudinal ridge, smooth and polished. Frons, occiput, temples, and malar space smooth and polished. Frons depressed behind antennal sockets, flat, with a an almost indistinct median transversal carina. Occipital carina medio-dorsally incomplete, ventrally present, and not joining hypostomal carina above the base of mandible. Temple narrow and receding (dorsal view), about as long as eyes. Head in dorsal view 1.25 × wider than mesoscutum height. POL 0.57 × OD, 0.238 × OOL. Face width 1.51 × longer than hight. Hypoclypeal cavity nearly round. Diameter of hypoclypeal cavity 0.69 × shorter than distance between cavity and eye margin. Hypoclypeal cavity moderate to strongly convex dorsally. Antenna 1.5 × longer than body. Flagellum with 45 flagellomeres (one broken). Apical (lighter) flagellomeres somewhat widening in comparison with basal ones. First flagellomere 3.4 × longer than wide, 1.55 × longer than the second and 1.65 × third.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BDF974976BDF300B1D5A3DDAFF5D057C">
<emphasis id="50BEA03F12CE0123037261FD60E7D760" bold="true">
<emphasis id="33B40BBA7106313F7328F0E87F45A60A" bold="true" italics="true">Mesosoma</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Pronotal collar forming a distinct neck. Pronotum smooth and polished. Pronope and subpronopes present. Pronope forming a wide concave area. Mesosoma 1.79 × longer than high, 2.2 × longer than width in dorsal view. Mesoscutum and scutellum smooth and polished. Mesoscutum 0.97 × longer than high. Scutellum 1.9 × wider than long. Scutellar sulcus 0.4 × as long as wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="25BCFE59EB77D46B4E75F952EC77CFAC">
<emphasis id="227C4ACDD7B38C910D650E956EB17327" bold="true">
<emphasis id="781EE0061BEBF415E30B40B743DA4746" bold="true" italics="true">Wings</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Forewing: pterostigma relatively small, 5.4 × longer than maximum width. Vein 2 RS 1.4 × longer than vein r. Vein 3 RSa 1.17 × longer than 2 RS. Vein 3 RSb 2.3 × longer than 3 RSa; vein 1 CUa around same size than vein 1 cu-a; vein (RS + M) a straight. Hind wing: vein 1 M 1.31 × longer than M + CU. Vein 1 M 3.2 × longer than m-cu.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="34224E3645715261EA9D6EF6905C2533">
<emphasis id="85BFF43402E6C836EBF6E32DF1C306C3" bold="true">
<emphasis id="140AD44F1EA60A622EF075843C449393" bold="true" italics="true">Legs</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Mid and hind coxae smooth and polished. Hind legs with tarsi broken. Ventral margin of hind tibia without dense comb of setae. Hind tibial spurs slightly curved with few setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AB25A7B7875520A7FE05A3CC3C986651">
<emphasis id="02ED34FA3EF55C8AFA66910588DD215C" bold="true">
<emphasis id="136EB43108FBBEB62682297DCF3C3F95" bold="true" italics="true">Metasoma</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
First metasomal tergum short, 2.1 × longer than subbasal width, 0.8 × as long as distal width. First and second terga longitudinally costate. Third tergum longitudinally costate anteriorly. Ovipositor sheaths uniformly setose, short, 0.5 × as long as hind tibia.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="AC9B7D4102C5D6058EB34807B328491A">
<emphasis id="AF7995691E18E82512DC4E61187A4110" bold="true">
<emphasis id="1F758C028440AD9BA88CB633FFFB07F8" bold="true" italics="true">Colour</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Head, mesoscutum, scutellum, and mesopleuron honey yellow, propodeum and metasoma dark brown to black. Antenna, fore and mid coxae, and tibiae honey yellow. Hind leg and fore and middle tarsi dark brown to black. Wings dusky; veins and pterostigma brown to dark brown. Ovipositor sheaths dark brown. Ovipositor honey yellow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A6DFD5FA16B8D178A3F52E99CB73895">
<emphasis id="13D743438161BC47F095C69972FA29C3" bold="true">Male.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EHWAG" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="695565C4809F53E1C554671E5D5A918F">
<heading id="DA7014EC4C640B7E161468B5789A0D1A" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9A5B4C53978D08094B71A6371ACCC5B9">This species was named after a fictional alien race called Nomai, from the ‘ Outer Wilds’ video game.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

191
data/72/41/A6/7241A6727FE753629090890A444C7CFE.xml Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,191 @@
<document id="800B8D3A1E2FD5B64F66A40CD8753F70" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1234.147859" ID-ZooBank="DEBD2828-252B-4F0C-8170-F36FF28AC839" ID-publisher-id="147859" URI-arpha="C50737B8-2108-5325-B570-1BE12237215C" URI-zoobank="http://zoobank.org/DEBD2828-252B-4F0C-8170-F36FF28AC839" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1744126003752" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="García-Acosta, Gerardo Y., Castañeda-Osorio, Rubén, Belokobylskij, Sergey A., Shimbori, Eduardo M., Jasso-Martínez, Jovana M., Penteado-Dias, Angélica M. &amp; Zaldívar-Riverón, Alejandro" docDate="2025" docId="7241A6727FE753629090890A444C7CFE" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1234: 67-87" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1234" docSource="https://zookeys.pensoft.net/article/147859/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docTitle="Rogapolis Garcia-Acosta, Shimbori, Castaneda-Osorio &amp; Zaldivar-Riveron 2025, gen. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="87" masterDocId="C50737B821085325B5701BE12237215C" masterDocTitle="Systematics of the braconid wasp subfamily Rhysipolinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) based on UCE data, with the description of a new Neotropical genus" masterLastPageNumber="87" masterPageNumber="67" pageNumber="67" updateTime="1744126478269" updateUser="pensoft">
<mods:mods id="A3DD829A38755789B3D699ED53FE79BD" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="CF77C7D0D0158720232B0BDE08C806C7">
<mods:title id="43BADFD11051316653B049CB950C405C">Systematics of the braconid wasp subfamily Rhysipolinae (Hymenoptera, Braconidae) based on UCE data, with the description of a new Neotropical genus</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="E0C11B6E8B415E2D5C94D01DE1173AF9" type="personal">
<mods:role id="58558FC8D3BA14FACA71366473B1EA2D">
<mods:roleTerm id="93C21AF9F74016DDFA01282F0B545352">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="B9E3ABF501696B84D971D80692452CE4">García-Acosta, Gerardo Y.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="43880A90B55E81CC060BA8B97ADE0EEB">Colección Nacional de Insectos, Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 3 er circuito exterior s / n, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="758B2D0AD56A8E9A793C5D733082A747" type="personal">
<mods:role id="692BC0BEA3B1C6BB9D1DFD48911A3AD8">
<mods:roleTerm id="848DEBA6C2890B03AE11BB2B52121AC9">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="E67B74EE3E19A002C41C9F7FCB319B7A">Castañeda-Osorio, Rubén</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="D1B672C9542694F8BBF864BAE0CB88D0" type="ORCID">0000-0003-0507-5477</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="9580542582398FE27D25F4C6AE1309EE">Colección Nacional de Insectos, Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 3 er circuito exterior s / n, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="CA2C9D157D8CCECAC76439111FAA6494" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F9D3F4FAFB6050B9C7607B86E59E16A9">
<mods:roleTerm id="F68E35C59BB042EA2F766AD803754AB2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="30C103DBDB62012376E4F0D9CC04C235">Belokobylskij, Sergey A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="59631676AE6832572EC76DCA461DEF53" type="ORCID">0000-0002-3646-3459</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="7D4BC091456FCCF311B297D2CE621D0C">Zoological Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Universitetskaya naberezhnaya 1, Saint Petersburg, Russia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="8FE77AAB8E1718708FD0321A49C73400" type="personal">
<mods:role id="0CF726062FD2141A1EC50B376387DFA1">
<mods:roleTerm id="F220821622CF052581DE36D1209A961C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D274D55481B1506D942E42C789F74B86">Shimbori, Eduardo M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2F4E1AA9E1E12E95DBA33C354E2D66F8" type="ORCID">0000-0003-4655-2591</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="93111D1651B73B4F514EB50B0218E6B8">Colección Nacional de Insectos, Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 3 er circuito exterior s / n, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico &amp; Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil &amp; Centre de coopération internationale en recherche agronomique pour le développement (CIRAD), Centre de Biologie pour la Gestion de Populations (CBGP), Montpellier, F- 34398, France</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="23B1CB6616E35B09584E9F3A17BC7E95" type="personal">
<mods:role id="8410B5F96AB4F443D221BE98B99BE20F">
<mods:roleTerm id="E49C18FABD3204549C49A6EE78025A03">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="14BD0D997B34295A8897B7EC1D193BD5">Jasso-Martínez, Jovana M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="3FE47D12EED9559A0E774CEB0BD1D66C" type="ORCID">0000-0001-6497-7150</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="C26D389B95098290890C62BA44DCEF77">Colección Nacional de Insectos, Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 3 er circuito exterior s / n, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="2B98297F2DFA6477D31549D38C59F9B9" type="personal">
<mods:role id="133FE50CE1C7D10276C897CB31E4C369">
<mods:roleTerm id="E31C10120DA4468F752B6EC8AC2679E2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="14BFE60CB136C311DD9C5E56901F8623">Penteado-Dias, Angélica M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="AE8AE84AFF1DE47B0B8B94EB6BCBF3E2" type="ORCID">0000-0002-8371-5591</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="FB5131AD46B61E62658FD5E6B2D0CB41">Departamento de Ecologia e Biologia Evolutiva, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, São Carlos, São Paulo, Brazil</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="916F2BBA48A2AB22E66CABE53B500349" type="personal">
<mods:role id="BF796A290A9BC0C78DA19BBCC02E79D2">
<mods:roleTerm id="5DDA42376A9C7C701297B0677D3EAB7A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D5F64B4C0477E908DA9D94BB4139BCC1">Zaldívar-Riverón, Alejandro</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E8BD56CE784480733F2593BC4077C385" type="ORCID">0000-0001-5837-1929</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="5FA9952CC35E8896A70944D48ABE2662">Colección Nacional de Insectos, Departamento de Zoología, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, 3 er circuito exterior s / n, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, Ciudad de México, Mexico</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="5CA68E7828C2B7DDD2D05D5545AE55AF">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="6E5B4D20191A9F1A011E1CF9B492182C" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="E7CA9995A5B970E93DE10F5DA5A02391">
<mods:title id="3B4F6DFC4D55E0EE43DD689113FDBF8B">ZooKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="4261D92B5C4CFFA1D5A71751ACFABFE7">
<mods:date id="6CAB6094ADB529775834C3736E6538E3">2025</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="CA5B90E855955A92C689539DC2F6EEFD" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="C6B8D57F9FEF7A65CB3741625919A9A8">2025-04-08</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="3167DEE9DB917CD6E9A9F7396FAB3EC0" type="volume">
<mods:number id="E5EED9209ACC88D72671B00F7B6562A9">1234</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="FA4E72456F7EAE8B8B1CD44ED7130775" unit="page">
<mods:start id="DEDB3AF0AB20195F37409CA2A7CA5B74">67</mods:start>
<mods:end id="429D395B56B014AF6DB7D6DE3DC04612">87</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="E0DDA11369BBABEF325105BD017497E4">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="95B280E442D7295B996AB86C6C4D013E" type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.1234.147859</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="38AEE12A874938ABE025E30FA2DF48CF" type="ZooBank">DEBD2828-252B-4F0C-8170-F36FF28AC839</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="7241A6727FE753629090890A444C7CFE" ID-arpha="7241A672-7FE7-5362-9090-890A444C7CFE" ID-zoobank="https://zoobank.org/499133C5-4432-4361-B0FE-1296986DCA14" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:7241A6727FE753629090890A444C7CFE" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:499133C5-4432-4361-B0FE-1296986DCA14" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/7241A6727FE753629090890A444C7CFE">
<subSubSection id="6140AA216BC313DCDAA1E98F075A770D" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="18BFDECF2101B0D0A1DDE92EA1558873">
<taxonomicName id="F5531E00CDF98AD87D431FEFA7AC895A" authority="Garcia-Acosta, Shimbori, Castaneda-Osorio &amp; Zaldivar-Riveron" authorityName="Garcia-Acosta, Shimbori, Castaneda-Osorio &amp; Zaldivar-Riveron" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rogapolis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="E1172A2030A495CA4F1FFBA5A00C59D9" italics="true">Rogapolis</emphasis>
García-Acosta, Shimbori, Castañeda-Osorio &amp; Zaldívar-Riverón
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="3DE7F9776FF0B0B08EB6B2D1089FEDF3" rank="genus">gen. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EKNAG" type="type species">
<paragraph id="3F8CBE06F5B8A8EC1051491847A4BB2E">
<heading id="C7DCD284CCC884DD10BF9350933D4F7B" reason="title">
<typeStatus id="8481BB883DD13B3630862DED6067EF18">Type</typeStatus>
species.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="362D674B464459C94C06B940B30538C0">
<taxonomicName id="902317895BDCBD3146B8BC9E395E346F" authorityName="García-Acosta &amp; Castañeda-Osorio &amp; Belokobylskij &amp; Shimbori &amp; Jasso-Martínez &amp; Penteado-Dias &amp; Zaldívar-Riverón" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rogapolis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nomai" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="E42702BA6BD4E4C934AAAB4733BB9311" italics="true">Rogapolis nomai</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="5FAA38D940DB1D859CB4351EF476C7B4" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E2NAG" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="4D32CA367D1D148F01D49C63BA1F6D85">
<heading id="226095E7C9A7E7119FD0A0BD361BFF56" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="48EF4A107B18391A14524D02D8656B97">
<taxonomicName id="0D7D6861F3D46EB05C0356C539358FB9" authorityName="Garcia-Acosta, Shimbori, Castaneda-Osorio &amp; Zaldivar-Riveron" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rogapolis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="0115545D706FDDE09158443483F79B37" italics="true">Rogapolis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be morphologically distinguished from the remaining members of
<taxonomicName id="BBBAC9D8B1834D0A112DED12210E34D0" authorityName="Belokobylskij" authorityYear="1984" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Rhysipolinae">Rhysipolinae</taxonomicName>
by having the second metasomal terga with a basal triangular median area followed by a longitudinal carina, a feature that had been mainly observed in most members of the subfamily
<taxonomicName id="D0D3A9D6B828747C9AC2CC34D7CF6411" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Rogadinae">Rogadinae</taxonomicName>
and some Braconinae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EXOAG" type="description">
<paragraph id="BD6B80A43ABBE8D164E9603E9839AB00">
<heading id="4A442D1B7EEEF8DA613FF8F508A2157D" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="80F09C70EA1A1821B79B8E8309BE988E">
<emphasis id="B8E59BC26AD2ADEB8FC74D3871822203" bold="true" italics="true">Head</emphasis>
: Antenna with at least 45 flagellomeres. Basal flagellomeres long, distal flagellomeres shorter. Distal margin of scapus strongly oblique (ventral length of pedicellus as long as ventral length of scapus). Frons, vertex, temple, and gena smooth and polished. Eyes glabrous, large, and oval-shaped. Malar space relatively short, distinctly shorter than eye. Face considerably pilose, with long setae. Hypoclypeal depression small and rounded. Malar suture present. Frons depressed, flat, with an indistinct median transversal carina. Ocelli small. Occipital carina incomplete medio-dorsally, ventrally not joining hypostomal carina.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DF4575E160146DAF6DECC149AFD021E0">
<emphasis id="A61812E3A16943282EB06129D3C6F1AA" bold="true" italics="true">Mesosoma</emphasis>
: Mostly smooth and polished, except metapleuron and propodeum, which are rugose areolate. Propleuron with posterior flange. Notauli deep, wide, not joining posteriorly, finishing in the middle of mesoscutum. Mid pit absent. Scutellar sulcus with six complete carinae. Epicnemial carina present. Precoxal sulcus deep, scrobiculate, extended at least two thirds length of mesopleuron. Metanotum with complete mid-longitudinal carina, posterior margin not protruding. Propodeum angled in lateral view, with median longitudinal carina present.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="31A5049EAE482FCA9A3C497247A528A3">
<emphasis id="3E507F74271CFCF1043B7376BA268436" bold="true" italics="true">Wings</emphasis>
: Forewing vein r as long as vein (RS + M) a, inserted in the proximal part of the pterostigma, slightly oblique; second submarginal cell moderately large, rectangular, distinctly narrowing proximally, vein r-m present but spectral; vein 1 RS short; vein (RS + M) a slightly sinuate; vein M + CU completely tubular and almost straight; 1 cu-a postfurcal; vein 2 cu-a present and long. Hindwing veins RS and M present; vein M + CU as long as vein 1 - M; second subdiscal cell long and closed distally; vein m-cu present and distinctly sclerotised.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B7EBB71A6FA16472B8B80A3C438BA6E4">
<emphasis id="9E15E07C5705044BA2FAE57582CF86BC" bold="true" italics="true">Legs</emphasis>
: Coxae mostly smooth, with long setae. Hind tibial spurs slightly curved and with few setae. Claws simple, without distinct basal lobe or pecten.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E32A9038A748F223FD27FF20C6E3C69E">
<emphasis id="5673EECC09B169880044CA81E2191F22" bold="true" italics="true">Metasoma</emphasis>
: First and second terga longitudinally costate; first tergum with a median longitudinal carina; second tergum with a basal triangular median area followed by median longitudinal carina. Exposed part of ovipositor sheath short, 0.5 × as long as hind tibia.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E5PAG" type="biology">
<paragraph id="182CD83754A3075E7D88DA5E9C165480">
<heading id="C3FA96B56F4C178980363B5F9F676D1D" reason="title">Biology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D79378B4922665ADEDE9095DED942FA2">Unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EDQAG" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="D53950EA883EB178C3C2A726D7332E30">
<heading id="BA4EDEA2460BC14D8C34C59E1BAF2026" reason="title">Geographic distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="70EC9BB8F74CF5D80077CF1E2CDC18AA">
This genus is known only from the
<typeStatus id="3198C4C16A42F9E853F900D8DEA74B50">type</typeStatus>
locality, a cloud forest region in the state of
<collectingRegion id="4E4C3D97FDDC75E7B01D62BC54FB7EC6" country="Brazil" name="Acre">Acre</collectingRegion>
, northern
<collectingCountry id="317947563B93FD3BA16C7466309CCA95" name="Brazil">Brazil</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EIQAG" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="231B9E0E9D2A41B01E1E7C10A9876130">
<heading id="F10010D4F305F553657EE1C17A1C520D" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A03B502E2F6A0626AF95C19BDB5D544C">
The genus name
<taxonomicName id="76A445944EACCA9DFDFDFAFF107AE554" authorityName="Garcia-Acosta, Shimbori, Castaneda-Osorio &amp; Zaldivar-Riveron" authorityYear="2025" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rogapolis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="158D5C61C0DDFDDB472C10DFDB5E29D7" italics="true">Rogapolis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is formed by combining
<taxonomicName id="2824C953B6E30A9B185B90477D51A697" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Rogadinae">Rogadinae</taxonomicName>
, a subfamily that includes morphologically similar genera, and
<taxonomicName id="F1DBD645E5EE6D6AD2725C199753F17E" authorityName="Foerster" authorityYear="1863" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Rhysipolis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="DFDF0D78D85EB10123FFEA19AF482BCE" italics="true">Rhysipolis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a genus within
<taxonomicName id="B83D8649441D978E2E94D98D4DD57F68" authorityName="Belokobylskij" authorityYear="1984" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Rhysipolinae">Rhysipolinae</taxonomicName>
, the subfamily to which this new genus belongs. The gender of the genus is feminine, following the grammatical treatment of taxonomic names ending in -
<emphasis id="8A4A1B9214A7EEDF48E7B0CE4E4A92D8" italics="true">polis</emphasis>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

383
data/84/08/B6/8408B6C5DD2650ADA8BDB7462118C22D.xml Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,383 @@
<document id="34705CA017BD8F9D3A8A69F165CAB9B5" ID-DOI="10.3897/jhr.98.141572" ID-ZooBank="57580D57-10C7-4FE2-A997-624E3CE20BE5" ID-publisher-id="141572" URI-arpha="58DE049E-D024-5282-A795-0E588202618E" URI-zoobank="http://zoobank.org/57580D57-10C7-4FE2-A997-624E3CE20BE5" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1744125335037" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Kim, Jaehee, Kwon, Oh-Seok, Yamane, Seiki &amp; Choi, Moon Bo" docDate="2025" docId="8408B6C5DD2650ADA8BDB7462118C22D" docLanguage="en" docName="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 98: 435-465" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 98" docSource="https://jhr.pensoft.net/article/141572/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docTitle="Vespa velutina subsp. nigrithorax du Buysson 1905" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="465" masterDocId="58DE049ED0245282A7950E588202618E" masterDocTitle="Comparative morphological analysis of mature larvae of eight Vespa Linnaeus, 1758 species (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) in South Korea" masterLastPageNumber="465" masterPageNumber="435" pageNumber="435" updateTime="1744126111890" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="6B218C3DB1678EF9A0BB9634C9CAD66C" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="68D705EF4A0D0203A150775A8F0EC15B">
<mods:title id="FF56C2DFF8DD47707124E1F55A860178">Comparative morphological analysis of mature larvae of eight Vespa Linnaeus, 1758 species (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) in South Korea</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="D7ABA2924756147050B4C0B46A5C54E0" type="personal">
<mods:role id="55FED275678E130047917B9504246AB6">
<mods:roleTerm id="98720966C99055AB21F01BCDC2587399">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="0CA293CCC606EC960BAA20226FED70B5">Kim, Jaehee</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="30966D0FEF9AC1FB9114F9A9700467A2" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4211-4232</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="155AAB869FB1C67AA37D7514A70E67A7">Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="227154257E6E5FD97C30E90979DA9B17" type="personal">
<mods:role id="6AE74388192CFF1CDE56DE31BE6C75C9">
<mods:roleTerm id="9DB23A2315C8BD13451209F169976FF5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="3C9F41B03483DEC300AAE0FF5BAAA2F3">Kwon, Oh-Seok</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="4E1192241D412D4A22A0BB42EDBD0B9A" type="ORCID">0000-0001-9075-3994</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="2F2FD4CEE86C1F1F5E127EB5C8622C4D">Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="855F24596EDDEAD6AEB90B411BC746EA" type="personal">
<mods:role id="8F2C70E0AF6ABDBFAE5F2DAF88956D28">
<mods:roleTerm id="3DE1FF4804127B12FDB3B43AE810341D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="9283939173EC9A720ABE5B68A94AEDF8">Yamane, Seiki</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="B20275D12A3BF708CC6EAE15A86EEB28">Department of Plant Medicine, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="05AEEA02FE61A27CBFF49FF83C6A6A76" type="personal">
<mods:role id="865CE2F10388198191F39DF7B6888DD4">
<mods:roleTerm id="01C9B0CE4A3C89C462AA0C16B6C3DFE3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="C3142C4F5957337A81AFACE586D4B470">Choi, Moon Bo</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="8877675766EB52D3D2D03A9D254FF46F" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7742-3704</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="19853C8B050F6801CB3D8E6DC954B42E">Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="229A2F5AC9C726C11B110E956E9E48C8">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="3345EE507461D06CA4C9C05168FE701E" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="DEDD71C135F63E09595F46C1158284C8">
<mods:title id="077D21280E0569FDECFE4C377EE0A5D5">Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="4D1CA1BB9F3CDB341D8F4FB231E53049">
<mods:date id="7390F11A7BECEDE97194945C8DF3E6AD">2025</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="53913719ACC99875EB0DFD5994DCA91D" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="941F4A071FE1F4BD2767F4499CA2AEB3">2025-04-08</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="FAE238F2C0F48926CAA015264CE6C72C" type="volume">
<mods:number id="9B584FCD379E0630E12B3E93010A4A34">98</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="8DF9F181AAEDF0201944D1A0FF62FFB1" unit="page">
<mods:start id="219C542F755D764E51AD609BF4E57AF0">435</mods:start>
<mods:end id="AABCA45367618C050118C889CC3C18A1">465</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="2D7F537B11D3311366AAB54A46320DEF">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="208B5FB39515BA644960DC85B0CABD31" type="DOI">10.3897/jhr.98.141572</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="701130FD9CA5D55F493FCFE3B98ED2FA" type="ZooBank">57580D57-10C7-4FE2-A997-624E3CE20BE5</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="8408B6C5DD2650ADA8BDB7462118C22D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15175764" ID-Zenodo-Dep="15175764" ID-arpha="8408B6C5-DD26-50AD-A8BD-B7462118C22D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8408B6C5DD2650ADA8BDB7462118C22D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/8408B6C5DD2650ADA8BDB7462118C22D">
<subSubSection id="972CC7A1B522D4E3E6B5672222EA7E3F" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="4B14CD3FEFFCD476899B685B687EFF18">
<taxonomicName id="149AC4CBF6B27823CE9661319D126D2E" ID-CoL="7L734" authority="du Buysson, 1905" authorityName="du Buysson" authorityYear="1905" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="velutina" subSpecies="nigrithorax">
<emphasis id="9EE08880E547E00CC1111B3F40F150B4" italics="true">Vespa velutina nigrithorax</emphasis>
du Buysson, 1905
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EPABG" type="description">
<paragraph id="7B27C91BA3E4FFE994C9D67DFDB7536C">
<heading id="3A8185DAAD6C66ACBB25B62C0BB83620" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A24903D1F4D388FD240214332A62A5AA">
<emphasis id="CC1FE332EEC38DDB851A9540D94F43C0" bold="true" italics="true">Head</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="2C164D20347826EA67035355CDB3E78C" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Vespa velutina nigrithorax A basal area of the right mandible, showing the absence of pits B left half of the labrum in ventrofrontal view C lateral part of the labrum showing spicules on the palate (arrow) D, E head in frontal view, with the arrow indicating a dotted patch (dt) and an enlarged image F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow showing variations in the shape of teeth I and II. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A, C); 0.1 mm (B, F, G); 0.3 mm (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302722">9</figureCitation>
):
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E5ABG" xlink_title="cranial width/mouthpart width ratio">
CW /
<collectionCode id="C5312A2829E35EC7E6135FF898480514" country="Netherlands" name="Museum Wasmann">MW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
= 1.64–1.76 (n = 1.68). Cranium with moderate, irregular rugo-reticulation, except for some parallel rugae between the temporal band and the mid-cranial sulcus. Antenna positioned near the level of the dorsal margin of the clypeus (Fig.
<figureCitation id="2D984DF2FBDA1EB5E004FC4EEDF7B716" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Vespa velutina nigrithorax A basal area of the right mandible, showing the absence of pits B left half of the labrum in ventrofrontal view C lateral part of the labrum showing spicules on the palate (arrow) D, E head in frontal view, with the arrow indicating a dotted patch (dt) and an enlarged image F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow showing variations in the shape of teeth I and II. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A, C); 0.1 mm (B, F, G); 0.3 mm (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302722">9 D, E</figureCitation>
), measuring
<quantity id="FCF544C991FB1DF35DE47E61F3B3E845" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="8.0" unit="mm" value="0.09" valueMax="0.1" valueMin="0.08">0.08–0.1 mm</quantity>
in diameter (Fig.
<figureCitation id="FABE0059204453856D9FCFF6DBFC2882" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Vespa velutina nigrithorax A basal area of the right mandible, showing the absence of pits B left half of the labrum in ventrofrontal view C lateral part of the labrum showing spicules on the palate (arrow) D, E head in frontal view, with the arrow indicating a dotted patch (dt) and an enlarged image F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow showing variations in the shape of teeth I and II. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A, C); 0.1 mm (B, F, G); 0.3 mm (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302722">9 E</figureCitation>
), with very weak pigmentation and a hyaline antennal socket (Fig.
<figureCitation id="55B056BD2C43C6A8869BA517D914EF23" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Vespa velutina nigrithorax A basal area of the right mandible, showing the absence of pits B left half of the labrum in ventrofrontal view C lateral part of the labrum showing spicules on the palate (arrow) D, E head in frontal view, with the arrow indicating a dotted patch (dt) and an enlarged image F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow showing variations in the shape of teeth I and II. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A, C); 0.1 mm (B, F, G); 0.3 mm (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302722">9 D</figureCitation>
). Temporal band (Fig.
<figureCitation id="2DF0824D880D72A98EDABB71955F0B5A" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Vespa velutina nigrithorax A basal area of the right mandible, showing the absence of pits B left half of the labrum in ventrofrontal view C lateral part of the labrum showing spicules on the palate (arrow) D, E head in frontal view, with the arrow indicating a dotted patch (dt) and an enlarged image F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow showing variations in the shape of teeth I and II. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A, C); 0.1 mm (B, F, G); 0.3 mm (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302722">9 D, E</figureCitation>
) similar to that in
<taxonomicName id="1CDFD158F2E98A332B0CFC323EEF4CE4" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1868" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simillima">
<emphasis id="540E534EE6F2DFF3C2DD6C12422E6B4E" italics="true">V. simillima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="B70DE5CD27BB35A4DD6EA08070469175" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Vespa simillima simillima A basal portion of the right mandible, showing the absence of pits on the outer surface B minute spicules on the conical papillae (arrow) in the medioventral portion of the palate C spicules in the lateral part of the palatolabral junction D, E antenna and clypeus; black arrows indicate variations in antennal rim sclerotization, the blue arrow indicates a dotted patch on the frons, a blue line shows that the dorsalmost point of the clypeus and ventral margin of the antenna are at the same level, the red line is tangent to the inner margin of the antenna and the outermost point of the clypeus, and a yellow line showing the gap between the ventral margin of the temporal band and the dorsal margin of the antenna F, G head in frontal view H labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view I apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow showing variation in the shape of tooth II J temporal band in Vespa simillima and V. velutina. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A – C); 0.3 mm (D – G, J), 0.1 mm (H, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302721">8 J</figureCitation>
), with variation in width; edges mostly weakly margined; inner part with moderate ferruginous pigmentation in the dorsal and ventral areas or mostly transparent; ventral edge positioned above the dorsal margin of the antenna. Paired suprafrontal marks relatively weak; dotted patches on the upper frontal area distinct and extending ventrad (Fig.
<figureCitation id="5D5F8227BE0DED9D8A1D50FEC834070E" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Vespa velutina nigrithorax A basal area of the right mandible, showing the absence of pits B left half of the labrum in ventrofrontal view C lateral part of the labrum showing spicules on the palate (arrow) D, E head in frontal view, with the arrow indicating a dotted patch (dt) and an enlarged image F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow showing variations in the shape of teeth I and II. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A, C); 0.1 mm (B, F, G); 0.3 mm (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302722">9 D, E</figureCitation>
: arrow); region around the frontal suture with 18–23 setae, primarily in the dorsal area; frons, except for this region, with fewer than 14 setae distributed between the
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EGCBG" xlink_title="depression on the cranium at the origin of the frontalis muscle">
<emphasis id="055F25CE094C2ED6AE54887B534A73F6" italics="true">dfm</emphasis>
</abbrev>
and the clypeus. Clypeus (Fig.
<figureCitation id="C1492D89E38DD737D749FEB37D14847B" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Vespa velutina nigrithorax A basal area of the right mandible, showing the absence of pits B left half of the labrum in ventrofrontal view C lateral part of the labrum showing spicules on the palate (arrow) D, E head in frontal view, with the arrow indicating a dotted patch (dt) and an enlarged image F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow showing variations in the shape of teeth I and II. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A, C); 0.1 mm (B, F, G); 0.3 mm (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302722">9 D, E</figureCitation>
) with a width similar to or less than the minimum distance between the antennae; dorsal margin of the main disc roundly convex; lateral margin slightly curved, without pigmented spots, except in the tentorial pit; ventral margin shallowly convex; main disc not very high, with a
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EOCBG" xlink_title="clypeal index">CLI</abbrev>
of 1.5–2; main disc with 40–50 setae (sometimes lower than 60 setae); ventral section strongly transverse, with a straight anterior margin. Labrum (Fig.
<figureCitation id="F885A37F577B51750A63ACEE48EF7150" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Vespa velutina nigrithorax A basal area of the right mandible, showing the absence of pits B left half of the labrum in ventrofrontal view C lateral part of the labrum showing spicules on the palate (arrow) D, E head in frontal view, with the arrow indicating a dotted patch (dt) and an enlarged image F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow showing variations in the shape of teeth I and II. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A, C); 0.1 mm (B, F, G); 0.3 mm (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302722">9 F</figureCitation>
, left) bearing numerous sensory bristles, except in the zone along the dorsal margin. Palate (Fig.
<figureCitation id="AEC44E5465A36A882C6981150CDA3D20" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Vespa simillima simillima A basal portion of the right mandible, showing the absence of pits on the outer surface B minute spicules on the conical papillae (arrow) in the medioventral portion of the palate C spicules in the lateral part of the palatolabral junction D, E antenna and clypeus; black arrows indicate variations in antennal rim sclerotization, the blue arrow indicates a dotted patch on the frons, a blue line shows that the dorsalmost point of the clypeus and ventral margin of the antenna are at the same level, the red line is tangent to the inner margin of the antenna and the outermost point of the clypeus, and a yellow line showing the gap between the ventral margin of the temporal band and the dorsal margin of the antenna F, G head in frontal view H labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view I apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow showing variation in the shape of tooth II J temporal band in Vespa simillima and V. velutina. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A – C); 0.3 mm (D – G, J), 0.1 mm (H, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302721">8 B, C, F</figureCitation>
: right) with a small median patch (0.03 ×
<quantity id="0EF3FF6BDA1AC9284FC078446C7F32E3" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="mm" value="0.03">0.03 mm</quantity>
); sclerotized patch relatively poorly developed and pale in color, not extending to the dorsolateral part; conical papillae tiny and densely arranged ventrally; with fewer than 10 papillae present on the sclerotized patch; spicules distributed in the medioventral part, along the lateral margin of the palate, and on the conical papillae (Fig.
<figureCitation id="DB1301433F36A2FCE5F4942DE130D37C" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Vespa velutina nigrithorax A basal area of the right mandible, showing the absence of pits B left half of the labrum in ventrofrontal view C lateral part of the labrum showing spicules on the palate (arrow) D, E head in frontal view, with the arrow indicating a dotted patch (dt) and an enlarged image F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow showing variations in the shape of teeth I and II. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A, C); 0.1 mm (B, F, G); 0.3 mm (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302722">9 C, F</figureCitation>
). Mandible (Fig.
<figureCitation id="C382E0D313BD3281C04D2E2E2FA9667D" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Vespa velutina nigrithorax A basal area of the right mandible, showing the absence of pits B left half of the labrum in ventrofrontal view C lateral part of the labrum showing spicules on the palate (arrow) D, E head in frontal view, with the arrow indicating a dotted patch (dt) and an enlarged image F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow showing variations in the shape of teeth I and II. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A, C); 0.1 mm (B, F, G); 0.3 mm (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302722">9 D, E, G</figureCitation>
) strongly sclerotized in the apical two-fifths; outer surface without pits but with a few bumps (Fig.
<figureCitation id="DA25A747437DECBD65C229FE9C8DEFDB" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Vespa velutina nigrithorax A basal area of the right mandible, showing the absence of pits B left half of the labrum in ventrofrontal view C lateral part of the labrum showing spicules on the palate (arrow) D, E head in frontal view, with the arrow indicating a dotted patch (dt) and an enlarged image F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow showing variations in the shape of teeth I and II. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A, C); 0.1 mm (B, F, G); 0.3 mm (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302722">9 A</figureCitation>
) or extensively smooth. All mandibular teeth smooth and moderately produced (Fig.
<figureCitation id="4B03887DE86AF27C1F511B888BACF2B3" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Vespa velutina nigrithorax A basal area of the right mandible, showing the absence of pits B left half of the labrum in ventrofrontal view C lateral part of the labrum showing spicules on the palate (arrow) D, E head in frontal view, with the arrow indicating a dotted patch (dt) and an enlarged image F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow showing variations in the shape of teeth I and II. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A, C); 0.1 mm (B, F, G); 0.3 mm (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302722">9 G</figureCitation>
); tooth I similar in size to, or slightly larger and more produced than, tooth II, occasionally bearing small denticles on the dorsal margin; tooth IIIa similar to or more produced than IIIb; teeth I and II separated at an angle of 65 ° – 90 °, II and IIIa at 60 ° – 90 °, and IIIa and IIIb at 75 ° – 105 °; bifurcation point between teeth II and IIIa slightly deeper than the other bifurcation points. Maxilla with approximately 25 setae. Prelabium with approximately 45‒55 setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6FBF5B8A09C9272B7E5910C06FDD88D4">
<emphasis id="688946AE973BB5ED5183DF697DB0C67B" bold="true" italics="true">Body</emphasis>
(thorax and abdomen): Body
<quantity id="7DD915499CEC8D65EFD45DD3D565AEBA" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.21" metricValueMax="2.32" metricValueMin="2.1" unit="mm" value="22.1" valueMax="23.2" valueMin="21.0">21‒23.2 mm</quantity>
in length (n = 50, mean
<quantity id="5E665DA8D578F59750F60CDE3AA11EA1" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.18" unit="mm" value="21.8">21.8 mm</quantity>
) and
<quantity id="CB3E12547E0F9BBF890F3F636FEF5E09" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="mm" value="11.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="10.0">10–12 mm</quantity>
in width (mean
<quantity id="7BA31169D2982A5E8A2308D59F250343" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1099999999999999" unit="mm" value="11.1">11.1 mm</quantity>
); integument with setae gradually decreasing in density posteriorly from the fifth integument (often evenly distributed across all segments) with dense spicules. Spiracle shallow; generally uniform in size, except for spiracles 1, 2, and 10, which are slightly smaller; largest spiracle
<quantity id="B799BB949D06C8251E27B08FADFE50A6" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
in diameter; spiracular rim
<quantity id="3C36FE74C4A31B0B6678B19B601B03F2" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="mm" value="0.03">0.03 mm</quantity>
in thickness with dense spicules of variable sizes.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ERDBG" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="A427CB1A3BB40FDC507B0D69B247B32E">
<heading id="43C68D3BCEFA5B3120D0CF6193C8B959" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="62825EEFD958644BC6C704082EAA8479">
Mature larvae exhibit minimal variation within a single colony and consistently retain traits comparable to those of
<taxonomicName id="04B19B1F0B797055DFC98CC0DD453EE8" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1868" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="simillima" subSpecies="simillima">
<emphasis id="7B6D332211FABA5F302A17614EB9FD08" italics="true">V. simillima simillima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. However, distinguishing them from some individuals of
<taxonomicName id="E2F0B964A0A4C272D5D843F6F11CEBD3" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1868" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="simillima" subSpecies="simillima">
<emphasis id="7E7AD4ED6416C799A6E071B8FBE994DF" italics="true">V. simillima simillima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based solely on morphology is challenging.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EVEBG" type="material">
<paragraph id="CB9C1F5010E4D2F20EE5A4B8AF647378">
<heading id="55C6AFAF07FDCDCA79A235872DFB7C52" reason="title">Specimens examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="04A33E0554C1AF973E36FD11730FB058">
<materialsCitation id="BCF06F44CF3BC3F4C08ECDB53796D0C2" collectingDate="2021-09-10" collectorName="Choi" country="South Korea" latitude="35.432503" location="Gurye-gun" municipality="Jeonllanam-do" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="E3C393207CDA6BC6DF5101CDC204EE31" name="South Korea">South Korea</collectingCountry>
• 30 mature larvae;
<collectingMunicipality id="397C5D42A4F5F31E1748AB48A0A9C185">Jeonllanam-do</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="B193402FD813528E4C3B48CAC5D09DF2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8408B6C5DD2650ADA8BDB7462118C22D:B193402FD813528E4C3B48CAC5D09DF2" country="South Korea" latitude="35.432503" municipality="Jeonllanam-do" name="Gurye-gun">Gurye-gun</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E5EBG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[127.983889,35.432500]}">
<geoCoordinate id="7C293F5913D9D28B12FAAF9FBFCB2715" degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="25" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="57" value="35.432503">35 ° 25 ' 57 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
, 127 ° 58 ' 62 &quot; E
</named-content>
;
<date id="0CE53B3E773709DE1C39574B2514F411" value="2021-09-10">
<collectingDate id="4E22DDC654C898D216915064A51E3552" value="2021-09-10">10 Sept. 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="E0E8CE339E280E792E9CA20CEA6042F2">Choi</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="C82FFB150BF5E5984408B8DA8316ED6B" collectingDate="2022-10-13" collectorName="Choi &amp; Ma" country="South Korea" latitude="37.976665" location="Pocheon-si" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="127.24" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeonggi">
10 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="E7E7CA64DE5B1C90E84D7E455A7226FA" country="South Korea" name="Gyeonggi">Gyeonggi-do</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="A3AB362E330A5B59F0329B7F6D375460" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8408B6C5DD2650ADA8BDB7462118C22D:A3AB362E330A5B59F0329B7F6D375460" country="South Korea" latitude="37.976665" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="127.24" name="Pocheon-si" stateProvince="Gyeonggi">Pocheon-si</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EGFBG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[127.240000,37.976667]}">
<geoCoordinate id="9C712A20C09813B8B75D236F34AA0A57" degrees="37" direction="north" minutes="58" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="36" value="37.976665">37 ° 58 ' 36 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="D48C01ACB4F7F9EDC67478A61A424E23" degrees="127" direction="east" minutes="14" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="24" value="127.24">127 ° 14 ' 24 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="C6A45930C58F1BB3EAA02997F17ADE9C" value="2022-10-13">
<collectingDate id="BEB3CE7EC2F092B2DE5AEC936FBEE7FB" value="2022-10-13">13 Oct. 2022</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="5144FDBF03F6212A929DFA8771DFD65B">Choi</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="7059423B8D6D1199F66A2A94D6BCADD2">Ma</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="9D22579EF474056CD6F905BA94D6789F" collectingDate="2022-10-19" collectorName="Choi &amp; Ma" country="South Korea" latitude="35.026943" location="Sacheon-si" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.12222" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongnam">
10 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="7BEFA0F80E80F31EDF48EE86C695BB39" country="South Korea" name="Gyeongnam">Gyeongsangnam-do</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="BD54DE0F632477E1BD5F61FB8FF01233" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8408B6C5DD2650ADA8BDB7462118C22D:BD54DE0F632477E1BD5F61FB8FF01233" country="South Korea" latitude="35.026943" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.12222" name="Sacheon-si" stateProvince="Gyeongnam">Sacheon-si</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EOFBG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[128.122222,35.026944]}">
<geoCoordinate id="8B52D1244850D9B1B5E32C2CF4EA8ADE" degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="01" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="37" value="35.026943">35 ° 01 ' 37 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="66CDBBFDF4D348181C9D7595A53DC21C" degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="07" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="20" value="128.12222">128 ° 07 ' 20 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="141DA0AADCD71B1C09D90212E94E7A09" value="2022-10-19">
<collectingDate id="CFA8E20205A22B94776959C037606970" value="2022-10-19">19 Oct. 2022</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="7577255EB410787C28DBB891609D8675">Choi</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="6023B1D9E39C55E02FEBFA23B809E5E7">Ma</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="4527E3BDFF6BB1EC09241BC850CE5A8F" collectingDate="2023-09-07" collectorName="Choi" country="South Korea" latitude="35.81111" location="Daegu" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.55194" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Daegu">
20 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="F0BF41615CD3BC1DA1FBC50D5D84B829" country="South Korea" name="Daegu">Daegu</collectingRegion>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EWFBG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[128.551944,35.811111]}">
<geoCoordinate id="4F97B34BBEF9967BFCDE2E9370C73ABA" degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="40" value="35.81111">35 ° 48 ' 40 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="6111C33E36D38D742CA2D8D4BF332EB1" degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="33" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="07" value="128.55194">128 ° 33 ' 07 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="802477305804ABA1CC84669DAEE09C1F" value="2023-09-07">
<collectingDate id="F354D7896D125EFD0E862F9167BA6391" value="2023-09-07">7 Sept. 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="7A63B1EAD845F7DF7D53873E28398592">Choi</collectorName>
et al
</materialsCitation>
. •
<materialsCitation id="154D48DD7FA4C76A6FF924870287F0C3" collectingDate="2023-10-17" collectorName="Choi &amp; Kim" country="South Korea" latitude="35.676945" location="Cheongdo-gun" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.72194" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">
5 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="6004E193D329D5E44CD498CDA16A6F8C" country="South Korea" name="Gyeongbuk">Gyeongsangbuk-do</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="C967C9F681BF16A666C38E36FED2A042" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8408B6C5DD2650ADA8BDB7462118C22D:C967C9F681BF16A666C38E36FED2A042" country="South Korea" latitude="35.676945" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.72194" name="Cheongdo-gun" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">Cheongdo-gun</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E5FBG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[128.721944,35.676944]}">
<geoCoordinate id="B8C1CECCCE68601B0D552D3EC7C7AA94" degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="40" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="37" value="35.676945">35 ° 40 ' 37 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="030B5BA36DA0B58FAFBCDD902528AB29" degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="43" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="19" value="128.72194">128 ° 43 ' 19 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="38C5390C5E01AC8065403336CE8971A9" value="2023-10-17">
<collectingDate id="A52C80E8DC18934340704FD472680090" value="2023-10-17">17 Oct. 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="9C88E04B4AE721AEE06D5F12C1A8E491">Choi</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="5DDF3698274D51B0E0CDD203F676FE24">Kim</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="D264A55BD2EFB46EE52194C0687DA2DA" collectingDate="2024-07-15" collectorName="Choi" country="South Korea" latitude="36.441113" location="Boeun-gun" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="127.693054" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chungbuk">
5 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="38D7B563D56D432D8111AC5B001ADAB9" country="South Korea" name="Chungbuk">Chungcheongbuk-do</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="BD6660F87827E8A47D6CEAC6138DBE86" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8408B6C5DD2650ADA8BDB7462118C22D:BD6660F87827E8A47D6CEAC6138DBE86" country="South Korea" latitude="36.441113" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="127.693054" name="Boeun-gun" stateProvince="Chungbuk">Boeun-gun</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EGGBG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[127.693056,36.441111]}">
<geoCoordinate id="83A4BF4DAA684F96CB2A2EA3E1504BAD" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="26" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="28" value="36.441113">36 ° 26 ' 28 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="83BBBA6FBFBD86F88B579655B65C1495" degrees="127" direction="east" minutes="41" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="35" value="127.693054">127 ° 41 ' 35 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="D2CB3070410331F9C22E588781FFDA62" value="2024-07-15">
<collectingDate id="70DB073B8B9C981DA06CC67EB9C2F4E1" value="2024-07-15">15 July 2024</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="70515854270CE4DA7F07C41C7903FD05">Choi</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="2A9C7327942CD0ABA00F8698A2FEC993" collectingDate="2024-08-13" collectorName="Ma &amp; Kim" country="South Korea" latitude="35.81861" location="Gyeongsan-si" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.72055" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">
15 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="519EA0D6B20693FDAB1CC5D08FB1CF0D" country="South Korea" name="Gyeongbuk">Gyeongsangbuk-do</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="25FB4C852EE5B8C73858DDAD34C9E8C9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8408B6C5DD2650ADA8BDB7462118C22D:25FB4C852EE5B8C73858DDAD34C9E8C9" country="South Korea" latitude="35.81861" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.72055" name="Gyeongsan-si" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">Gyeongsan-si</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EOGBG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[128.720556,35.818611]}">
<geoCoordinate id="FF220302E2FADE56F0612751A4164D33" degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="49" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="07" value="35.81861">35 ° 49 ' 07 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="7E0EC91085FAB5EB1A4C82891CB48CB3" degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="43" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="14" value="128.72055">128 ° 43 ' 14 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="E8F7ADBB4157E13C983BA168725307BF" value="2024-08-13">
<collectingDate id="358E28F17272F96793DEFE1B640BECD5" value="2024-08-13">13 Aug. 2024</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="D5678AAE286C33F8FA5950811603E62E">Ma</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="A61302B28EBD8B682D850CC99E3A759D">Kim</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="C02B7BB77DB41E05109934E639684907" collectingDate="2024-09-19" collectorName="Ma" country="South Korea" latitude="35.870277" location="Muju-gun" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="127.653336" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Jeonbuk">
10 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="8EEE8FB8CF7AF2D9A049585537E865A9" country="South Korea" name="Jeonbuk">Jeollabuk-do</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="8CCFFB75AFE8E17BB30C90FB8349D36C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8408B6C5DD2650ADA8BDB7462118C22D:8CCFFB75AFE8E17BB30C90FB8349D36C" country="South Korea" latitude="35.870277" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="127.653336" name="Muju-gun" stateProvince="Jeonbuk">Muju-gun</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EWGBG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[127.653333,35.870278]}">
<geoCoordinate id="8B226A3B67FD1C70BBD381E1E738127C" degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="52" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="13" value="35.870277">35 ° 52 ' 13 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="51D91C3510FDDF73D22FF31A55BD1850" degrees="127" direction="east" minutes="39" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="12" value="127.653336">127 ° 39 ' 12 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="2628EA312CEDA28BA79A8C30668A5973" value="2024-09-19">
<collectingDate id="A73727FBB8F0041E1B84D0B174364234" value="2024-09-19">19 Sept. 2024</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="77FC5B6271C85512DED08308760A4B2E">Ma</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="9503796C297829BBEFCB19F6A9B97E07" collectingDate="2024-09-24" collectorName="Ma &amp; Kim" country="South Korea" latitude="36.568054" location="Andong-si" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.72583" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">
15 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="96D639F432066448E386DC0B2AFCB1F7" country="South Korea" name="Gyeongbuk">Gyeongsangbuk-do</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="055786E1F5A706D218B199F15D00BDFB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8408B6C5DD2650ADA8BDB7462118C22D:055786E1F5A706D218B199F15D00BDFB" country="South Korea" latitude="36.568054" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.72583" name="Andong-si" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">Andong-si</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E5GBG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[128.725833,36.568056]}">
<geoCoordinate id="8FFAAA4EAE0955AE7F09F5CF68357474" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="34" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="05" value="36.568054">36 ° 34 ' 05 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="3E30DD5C08CB6B2D0835EBCF044C3B6D" degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="43" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="33" value="128.72583">128 ° 43 ' 33 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="292CBDF1E4E43A1B65A2B94B2E2AE5C1" value="2024-09-24">
<collectingDate id="62CCACCEB94687216251F6B7AE35CAFC" value="2024-09-24">24 Sept. 2024</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="D81101F599081BB2F22C04DB78C5D045">Ma</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="F1C87BE428F0A1846CCF47BF4AF38965">Kim</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="6FFAFE19180FCB38ACAE12D732041770" collectingDate="2024-09-25" collectorName="Ma" country="South Korea" latitude="36.565" location="Andong-si" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.72417" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">
15 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="003DBC1BA64C18F016FF9991D042420B" country="South Korea" name="Gyeongbuk">Gyeongsangbuk-do</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="F656290A4446A05592143A5AD64FA7A7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8408B6C5DD2650ADA8BDB7462118C22D:F656290A4446A05592143A5AD64FA7A7" country="South Korea" latitude="36.565" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.72417" name="Andong-si" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">Andong-si</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EGHBG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[128.724167,36.565000]}">
<geoCoordinate id="8AF3ADA2ACB01A464F50FF2AEB8FA920" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="33" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="54" value="36.565">36 ° 33 ' 54 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="6393C544696901BC8E9316807F3F87A2" degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="43" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="27" value="128.72417">128 ° 43 ' 27 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="5B2F3D6DC6FA719391F508EF0F0D7DD3" value="2024-09-25">
<collectingDate id="1707CAC4DECD67CC4B4EBC1765FA71DA" value="2024-09-25">25 Sept. 2024</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="2B509474CEFC795C665623D53C463BEB">Ma</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="BFA501B9CC138C50BEAB3D11A4C75F70" collectingDate="2023-09-02" collectorName="Choi &amp; Kim" country="South Korea" location="Andong-si" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">
20 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="3E796729BDF86A390BFB89BEAAC50B14" country="South Korea" name="Gyeongbuk">Gyeongsangbuk-do</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="29A643E1EB710814A6D9243F4B0B8C25" country="South Korea" name="Gyeongbuk">Gyeongsangbuk-do</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="18508D5807D7F6EE15310D7F85D1830D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:8408B6C5DD2650ADA8BDB7462118C22D:18508D5807D7F6EE15310D7F85D1830D" country="South Korea" name="Andong-si" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">Andong-si</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EOHBG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[129.182500,36.955556]}">36 ° 56 ' 80 &quot; N, 128 ° 70 ' 57 &quot; E</named-content>
;
<date id="262AD4F711C2374EE99512854A2DF3F7" value="2023-09-02">
<collectingDate id="029B9D2D38ABFF13E9503581C9146ADD" value="2023-09-02">02 Sept. 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="E5FC7991A0B8A5F1C6F4EE56F8AE0589">Choi</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="132DEBC9A5A4CC7B72D46FBC6C3732D1">Kim</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

445
data/AC/72/43/AC7243E376F256B699DCD02A959BFCF4.xml Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,445 @@
<document id="3081B95D87C2045DEA0721990217D8BB" ID-DOI="10.3897/jhr.98.141572" ID-ZooBank="57580D57-10C7-4FE2-A997-624E3CE20BE5" ID-publisher-id="141572" URI-arpha="58DE049E-D024-5282-A795-0E588202618E" URI-zoobank="http://zoobank.org/57580D57-10C7-4FE2-A997-624E3CE20BE5" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1744125335037" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Kim, Jaehee, Kwon, Oh-Seok, Yamane, Seiki &amp; Choi, Moon Bo" docDate="2025" docId="AC7243E376F256B699DCD02A959BFCF4" docLanguage="en" docName="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 98: 435-465" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 98" docSource="https://jhr.pensoft.net/article/141572/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docTitle="Vespa simillima subsp. simillima Smith 1868" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="465" masterDocId="58DE049ED0245282A7950E588202618E" masterDocTitle="Comparative morphological analysis of mature larvae of eight Vespa Linnaeus, 1758 species (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) in South Korea" masterLastPageNumber="465" masterPageNumber="435" pageNumber="435" updateTime="1744126111890" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="56F99540B35CEA578E9BD52495C56357" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="FED1AAE5F05D0F6EDA2E35ECD5B493A5">
<mods:title id="14148ED23D1A04CB4C13AFDC4EBA9763">Comparative morphological analysis of mature larvae of eight Vespa Linnaeus, 1758 species (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) in South Korea</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="67F4D3368EB59157F1BA68A7E5970AD6" type="personal">
<mods:role id="5BF40782E050239A8C3110C9F835E518">
<mods:roleTerm id="AA68886FF78DEAEF39EBBFEC481BCFC1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="0684002F02591F84E378798D3C956FAD">Kim, Jaehee</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="9C0F65E4649F1B769AEBC7FD53D1C578" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4211-4232</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="A0155BAD77D711AE9ADFB03979845A5E">Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="3531A2D59191616D77615D4C80DD048A" type="personal">
<mods:role id="DF4EFE04616FBF93602946282ED1AC1D">
<mods:roleTerm id="A3F441729A3BB11708EE3D31190AA05D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="BD79817AE4EF1C4FE9C3CCDE1D01BAE2">Kwon, Oh-Seok</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="78B548224FF508D80EB781325A15C4B4" type="ORCID">0000-0001-9075-3994</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="6E167A5AC7F0005B9B3E41EF68964FA2">Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="C8231E15AACBE47C7B09ADC5FF2C7C58" type="personal">
<mods:role id="B2D2828430EA78A1775C7AE25703F3E9">
<mods:roleTerm id="6042640C3BAE50690D0E3D9B669FB1E2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="48C385C013B94DFEECAF9A207A5A1A17">Yamane, Seiki</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="6D2FE277C4925DA40397D26DC8C83BAF">Department of Plant Medicine, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="6C0307D40E9BA61C49CBD5E460AD1142" type="personal">
<mods:role id="2AC665C55B84F7CB55FA744E352303EF">
<mods:roleTerm id="AE9A5D5EBC9DDEBDE60F1A2A1C23F5C1">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="8015A208BDB75DEB200488804A9E9DE0">Choi, Moon Bo</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="9FBA1075C28004634C034EAC38BE0F4E" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7742-3704</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="A1A676CFB77CBF392DFF68CEE01AD92B">Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="0056EA081B0E855AF24549D8F4D94DD9">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="17992C4FC636BCB2D5C9C46812232460" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="8207590867E9022E500EB9D7D158D5FA">
<mods:title id="C49982CB593FD09E8A0633486ADBCFA0">Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="4D4430504BC85C7A5A478C89CE8BCE05">
<mods:date id="CA9EAD3F56C4DCFBD460A5151915805E">2025</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="CBF8F45513286528B63C9F91EAC9DCC8" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="6A859051C98B61BFA3DC948C6BA86752">2025-04-08</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="755D31973078CB082ED2C15FB7BB0AE2" type="volume">
<mods:number id="3B80DE85DCBD1C0F1C44287005FA0983">98</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="983694DA50B22AD339654C401B59F7CE" unit="page">
<mods:start id="5755EAB98A950F5153A8AAFA82B3AD82">435</mods:start>
<mods:end id="605CBE1F0D6B61949727E47291A69381">465</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="587149DDA30D3920AAEB00CD79B1BDBA">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="949907638154826960212239840FCDB9" type="DOI">10.3897/jhr.98.141572</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="46D49CF60F797127AE6A08731E28B0F1" type="ZooBank">57580D57-10C7-4FE2-A997-624E3CE20BE5</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="AC7243E376F256B699DCD02A959BFCF4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15175762" ID-Zenodo-Dep="15175762" ID-arpha="AC7243E3-76F2-56B6-99DC-D02A959BFCF4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AC7243E376F256B699DCD02A959BFCF4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AC7243E376F256B699DCD02A959BFCF4">
<subSubSection id="9A69A4D581ABDF14A1957D851C0E866C" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="787F0CD6F3F95EA709194A0568503D6B">
<taxonomicName id="40F6606C50000B626E23257AAFDE8B11" ID-CoL="7FRBH" authority="Smith, 1868" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1868" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="simillima" subSpecies="simillima">
<emphasis id="19E96D52C10B04ADD9C98570C13DAD7C" italics="true">Vespa simillima simillima</emphasis>
Smith, 1868
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ENUAG" type="description">
<paragraph id="339E9A50658D84B3F38096539F458AB4">
<heading id="2EF2FCF95ADA3FD0AFB601B323F6141D" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8F29B45F2A57D27CDD1804F29529F2EE">
<emphasis id="03DEE8EDB29AC65445D06DF74AA7EF07" bold="true" italics="true">Head</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="6B195168B98C99ACA948AAC330B62E74" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Vespa simillima simillima A basal portion of the right mandible, showing the absence of pits on the outer surface B minute spicules on the conical papillae (arrow) in the medioventral portion of the palate C spicules in the lateral part of the palatolabral junction D, E antenna and clypeus; black arrows indicate variations in antennal rim sclerotization, the blue arrow indicates a dotted patch on the frons, a blue line shows that the dorsalmost point of the clypeus and ventral margin of the antenna are at the same level, the red line is tangent to the inner margin of the antenna and the outermost point of the clypeus, and a yellow line showing the gap between the ventral margin of the temporal band and the dorsal margin of the antenna F, G head in frontal view H labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view I apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow showing variation in the shape of tooth II J temporal band in Vespa simillima and V. velutina. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A – C); 0.3 mm (D – G, J), 0.1 mm (H, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302721">8</figureCitation>
):
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3UAG" xlink_title="cranial width/mouthpart width ratio">
CW /
<collectionCode id="C1A821CAA2EC89AE0D579A315C9599C8" country="Netherlands" name="Museum Wasmann">MW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
= 1.61–1.87 (n = mean 1.7). Cranium with moderate irregular rugo-reticulation, with some areas exhibiting parallel reticulation. Antenna positioned near the level of the dorsal margin of the clypeus (Fig.
<figureCitation id="0B1CB3E6B9632DEE5A64E5103C371353" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Vespa simillima simillima A basal portion of the right mandible, showing the absence of pits on the outer surface B minute spicules on the conical papillae (arrow) in the medioventral portion of the palate C spicules in the lateral part of the palatolabral junction D, E antenna and clypeus; black arrows indicate variations in antennal rim sclerotization, the blue arrow indicates a dotted patch on the frons, a blue line shows that the dorsalmost point of the clypeus and ventral margin of the antenna are at the same level, the red line is tangent to the inner margin of the antenna and the outermost point of the clypeus, and a yellow line showing the gap between the ventral margin of the temporal band and the dorsal margin of the antenna F, G head in frontal view H labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view I apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow showing variation in the shape of tooth II J temporal band in Vespa simillima and V. velutina. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A – C); 0.3 mm (D – G, J), 0.1 mm (H, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302721">8 D, E</figureCitation>
), faintly sclerotized or nearly transparent (Fig.
<figureCitation id="FE2A3B224781AB2E94B4B77FDC7F0C56" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Vespa simillima simillima A basal portion of the right mandible, showing the absence of pits on the outer surface B minute spicules on the conical papillae (arrow) in the medioventral portion of the palate C spicules in the lateral part of the palatolabral junction D, E antenna and clypeus; black arrows indicate variations in antennal rim sclerotization, the blue arrow indicates a dotted patch on the frons, a blue line shows that the dorsalmost point of the clypeus and ventral margin of the antenna are at the same level, the red line is tangent to the inner margin of the antenna and the outermost point of the clypeus, and a yellow line showing the gap between the ventral margin of the temporal band and the dorsal margin of the antenna F, G head in frontal view H labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view I apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow showing variation in the shape of tooth II J temporal band in Vespa simillima and V. velutina. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A – C); 0.3 mm (D – G, J), 0.1 mm (H, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302721">8 D – F</figureCitation>
). Temporal band (Fig.
<figureCitation id="93D6102203BF4518529747C9984D87DC" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Vespa simillima simillima A basal portion of the right mandible, showing the absence of pits on the outer surface B minute spicules on the conical papillae (arrow) in the medioventral portion of the palate C spicules in the lateral part of the palatolabral junction D, E antenna and clypeus; black arrows indicate variations in antennal rim sclerotization, the blue arrow indicates a dotted patch on the frons, a blue line shows that the dorsalmost point of the clypeus and ventral margin of the antenna are at the same level, the red line is tangent to the inner margin of the antenna and the outermost point of the clypeus, and a yellow line showing the gap between the ventral margin of the temporal band and the dorsal margin of the antenna F, G head in frontal view H labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view I apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow showing variation in the shape of tooth II J temporal band in Vespa simillima and V. velutina. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A – C); 0.3 mm (D – G, J), 0.1 mm (H, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302721">8 F, G, J</figureCitation>
) with variable width; edges generally weakly margined except for the dorsal edge; inner part with moderate ferruginous pigmentation, excluding the dorsal and ventral regions; ventral edge positioned slightly above the dorsal margin of the antenna. Paired suprafrontal marks faint; dotted patches on the frons distinct, often extending ventrad (Fig.
<figureCitation id="FBF53273CB8BDF484DACD856484D829C" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Vespa simillima simillima A basal portion of the right mandible, showing the absence of pits on the outer surface B minute spicules on the conical papillae (arrow) in the medioventral portion of the palate C spicules in the lateral part of the palatolabral junction D, E antenna and clypeus; black arrows indicate variations in antennal rim sclerotization, the blue arrow indicates a dotted patch on the frons, a blue line shows that the dorsalmost point of the clypeus and ventral margin of the antenna are at the same level, the red line is tangent to the inner margin of the antenna and the outermost point of the clypeus, and a yellow line showing the gap between the ventral margin of the temporal band and the dorsal margin of the antenna F, G head in frontal view H labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view I apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow showing variation in the shape of tooth II J temporal band in Vespa simillima and V. velutina. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A – C); 0.3 mm (D – G, J), 0.1 mm (H, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302721">8 D, E</figureCitation>
); region distal to the frontal suture with 15–22 setae concentrated mainly around the base of the antenna; frons with fewer than 14 setae distributed medially. Clypeus (Fig.
<figureCitation id="616A33D1B0A03F1B3D2D490B57B0502B" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Vespa simillima simillima A basal portion of the right mandible, showing the absence of pits on the outer surface B minute spicules on the conical papillae (arrow) in the medioventral portion of the palate C spicules in the lateral part of the palatolabral junction D, E antenna and clypeus; black arrows indicate variations in antennal rim sclerotization, the blue arrow indicates a dotted patch on the frons, a blue line shows that the dorsalmost point of the clypeus and ventral margin of the antenna are at the same level, the red line is tangent to the inner margin of the antenna and the outermost point of the clypeus, and a yellow line showing the gap between the ventral margin of the temporal band and the dorsal margin of the antenna F, G head in frontal view H labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view I apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow showing variation in the shape of tooth II J temporal band in Vespa simillima and V. velutina. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A – C); 0.3 mm (D – G, J), 0.1 mm (H, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302721">8 D – G</figureCitation>
) width similar to the minimum distance between the antennae; main disc with dorsal margin shallowly convex, dorsolateral corner roundly angulated, lateral margin slightly curved and lacking pigmented spots, except in the tentorial pits; ventral margin broadly convex; main disc not very high, with a
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EUVAG" xlink_title="clypeal index">CLI</abbrev>
of 1.5–2; main disc with 45–60 setae; ventral section strongly narrowed dorsoventrally, with a straight ventral margin. Labrum (Fig.
<figureCitation id="57F49A3F57E255330469F3587D80E8E0" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Vespa simillima simillima A basal portion of the right mandible, showing the absence of pits on the outer surface B minute spicules on the conical papillae (arrow) in the medioventral portion of the palate C spicules in the lateral part of the palatolabral junction D, E antenna and clypeus; black arrows indicate variations in antennal rim sclerotization, the blue arrow indicates a dotted patch on the frons, a blue line shows that the dorsalmost point of the clypeus and ventral margin of the antenna are at the same level, the red line is tangent to the inner margin of the antenna and the outermost point of the clypeus, and a yellow line showing the gap between the ventral margin of the temporal band and the dorsal margin of the antenna F, G head in frontal view H labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view I apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow showing variation in the shape of tooth II J temporal band in Vespa simillima and V. velutina. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A – C); 0.3 mm (D – G, J), 0.1 mm (H, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302721">8 H</figureCitation>
, left) with numerous sensory bristles, except in the dorsolateral region. Palate (Fig.
<figureCitation id="15DF6D7325B539EE4462BC145EBC63A0" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Vespa simillima simillima A basal portion of the right mandible, showing the absence of pits on the outer surface B minute spicules on the conical papillae (arrow) in the medioventral portion of the palate C spicules in the lateral part of the palatolabral junction D, E antenna and clypeus; black arrows indicate variations in antennal rim sclerotization, the blue arrow indicates a dotted patch on the frons, a blue line shows that the dorsalmost point of the clypeus and ventral margin of the antenna are at the same level, the red line is tangent to the inner margin of the antenna and the outermost point of the clypeus, and a yellow line showing the gap between the ventral margin of the temporal band and the dorsal margin of the antenna F, G head in frontal view H labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view I apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow showing variation in the shape of tooth II J temporal band in Vespa simillima and V. velutina. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A – C); 0.3 mm (D – G, J), 0.1 mm (H, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302721">8 H</figureCitation>
, right) with a median patch; sclerotized patch reaching the apex of the palate, with variable pigmentation intensity; conical papillae small and dense ventrally, with over seven papillae located in the sclerotized patch, primarily medially (Fig.
<figureCitation id="9D59C4EBEAD0FA698B64164D3E79F285" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Vespa simillima simillima A basal portion of the right mandible, showing the absence of pits on the outer surface B minute spicules on the conical papillae (arrow) in the medioventral portion of the palate C spicules in the lateral part of the palatolabral junction D, E antenna and clypeus; black arrows indicate variations in antennal rim sclerotization, the blue arrow indicates a dotted patch on the frons, a blue line shows that the dorsalmost point of the clypeus and ventral margin of the antenna are at the same level, the red line is tangent to the inner margin of the antenna and the outermost point of the clypeus, and a yellow line showing the gap between the ventral margin of the temporal band and the dorsal margin of the antenna F, G head in frontal view H labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view I apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow showing variation in the shape of tooth II J temporal band in Vespa simillima and V. velutina. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A – C); 0.3 mm (D – G, J), 0.1 mm (H, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302721">8 H</figureCitation>
); spicules present in the medioventral part and along the lateral margin of the palate, as well as on the conical papillae (Fig.
<figureCitation id="914143AA04C17332853D777858F1CDE8" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Vespa simillima simillima A basal portion of the right mandible, showing the absence of pits on the outer surface B minute spicules on the conical papillae (arrow) in the medioventral portion of the palate C spicules in the lateral part of the palatolabral junction D, E antenna and clypeus; black arrows indicate variations in antennal rim sclerotization, the blue arrow indicates a dotted patch on the frons, a blue line shows that the dorsalmost point of the clypeus and ventral margin of the antenna are at the same level, the red line is tangent to the inner margin of the antenna and the outermost point of the clypeus, and a yellow line showing the gap between the ventral margin of the temporal band and the dorsal margin of the antenna F, G head in frontal view H labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view I apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow showing variation in the shape of tooth II J temporal band in Vespa simillima and V. velutina. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A – C); 0.3 mm (D – G, J), 0.1 mm (H, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302721">8 C, H</figureCitation>
). Mandible (Fig.
<figureCitation id="603C756A34ABE3E3C5A1C6DEF23E9ADD" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Vespa simillima simillima A basal portion of the right mandible, showing the absence of pits on the outer surface B minute spicules on the conical papillae (arrow) in the medioventral portion of the palate C spicules in the lateral part of the palatolabral junction D, E antenna and clypeus; black arrows indicate variations in antennal rim sclerotization, the blue arrow indicates a dotted patch on the frons, a blue line shows that the dorsalmost point of the clypeus and ventral margin of the antenna are at the same level, the red line is tangent to the inner margin of the antenna and the outermost point of the clypeus, and a yellow line showing the gap between the ventral margin of the temporal band and the dorsal margin of the antenna F, G head in frontal view H labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view I apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow showing variation in the shape of tooth II J temporal band in Vespa simillima and V. velutina. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A – C); 0.3 mm (D – G, J), 0.1 mm (H, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302721">8 A, F, I</figureCitation>
) with strongly sclerotized teeth; surface lacking pits but bearing a few stumps (Fig.
<figureCitation id="D0B0EFE7DFA995883C1FE8C31C5AF718" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Vespa simillima simillima A basal portion of the right mandible, showing the absence of pits on the outer surface B minute spicules on the conical papillae (arrow) in the medioventral portion of the palate C spicules in the lateral part of the palatolabral junction D, E antenna and clypeus; black arrows indicate variations in antennal rim sclerotization, the blue arrow indicates a dotted patch on the frons, a blue line shows that the dorsalmost point of the clypeus and ventral margin of the antenna are at the same level, the red line is tangent to the inner margin of the antenna and the outermost point of the clypeus, and a yellow line showing the gap between the ventral margin of the temporal band and the dorsal margin of the antenna F, G head in frontal view H labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view I apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow showing variation in the shape of tooth II J temporal band in Vespa simillima and V. velutina. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A – C); 0.3 mm (D – G, J), 0.1 mm (H, I)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302721">8 A</figureCitation>
). All mandibular teeth moderately produced and apically blunt; tooth I largest, stumpy, and round apically; tooth II often weakly bifid or trifid apically; tooth IIIa similar in size or slightly smaller than IIIb; teeth I and II separated at an angle of 55 ° – 85 °, II and IIIa at 65 ° – 85 °, and IIIa and IIIb at 65 ° – 105 °; bifurcation point between teeth II and IIIa slightly shallower than the other bifurcation points. Maxilla with approximately 30 setae. Prelabium with 45–50 setae.
</paragraph>
<caption id="963D7FE96AB2FD8C0257B62DD57AFF1A" ID-DOI="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure8" ID-arpha="3831D5A9-D28C-5467-A3D3-DB7D35EDB00F" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302721" startId="F8">
<paragraph id="DF8FE80DDA8433E832B260362E551468">
<label id="6B385A8318AD759BE503616A6D15F0A9">Figure 8.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="689FCAB8B189E528C960AD608490648C">
<taxonomicName id="7C750D964F19227226BE7846171862B0" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1868" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="simillima" subSpecies="simillima">
<emphasis id="98D1975804327DE6EC6480CB7DBE738C" italics="true">Vespa simillima simillima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="4C236BC13DE43EDD7E8B1BEAC0E5EB47" bold="true">A</emphasis>
basal portion of the right mandible, showing the absence of pits on the outer surface
<emphasis id="D451103C2D26E5BED13BCAFB23FA972E" bold="true">B</emphasis>
minute spicules on the conical papillae (arrow) in the medioventral portion of the palate
<emphasis id="1C7A4C6EDD54EB3911B12D37215801A6" bold="true">C</emphasis>
spicules in the lateral part of the palatolabral junction
<emphasis id="B2CBC4EB57C6DC9F9E5BA8D0E179C605" bold="true">D, E</emphasis>
antenna and clypeus; black arrows indicate variations in antennal rim sclerotization, the blue arrow indicates a dotted patch on the frons, a blue line shows that the dorsalmost point of the clypeus and ventral margin of the antenna are at the same level, the red line is tangent to the inner margin of the antenna and the outermost point of the clypeus, and a yellow line showing the gap between the ventral margin of the temporal band and the dorsal margin of the antenna
<emphasis id="FC65DD902EC9683E130772AF1D24E73C" bold="true">F, G</emphasis>
head in frontal view
<emphasis id="81999019AFB7AD467258044F52954C91" bold="true">H</emphasis>
labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view
<emphasis id="96D30A746E8BD764BC0B9400DEE61B16" bold="true">I</emphasis>
apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow showing variation in the shape of tooth II
<emphasis id="A49C3E6A167138CF5EAB3E6E35D742AB" bold="true">J</emphasis>
temporal band in
<taxonomicName id="D0933BB692429D80FAFC793EF0664C66" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1868" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simillima">
<emphasis id="CA88D4EF8DCAD245E1A1632D5F9A2D86" italics="true">Vespa simillima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="C8D6FB1BA3748AB5CBEED38458FD0DCD" authorityName="Lepeletier" authorityYear="1836" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="velutina">
<emphasis id="4996F24E8B35643B4A16249E4CC52EC1" italics="true">V. velutina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (
<emphasis id="06ADEC52E446745230D2C5E9FA73D134" bold="true">A – C</emphasis>
); 0.3 mm (
<emphasis id="6C3254861838B07FC86CD7A1301ED361" bold="true">D – G, J</emphasis>
), 0.1 mm (
<emphasis id="870BEB9DD3F83097E0114F500231AF91" bold="true">H, I</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="9F9F9261AFCA748B68344DD5C7A6F71F">
<emphasis id="72E6A6FB51E0F180AB8DDBC52B74F35D" bold="true" italics="true">Body</emphasis>
(thorax and abdomen): Body
<quantity id="BD7ED20A76C176D732D9C84AC8CF45E1" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" metricValueMax="2.35" metricValueMin="2.05" unit="mm" value="22.0" valueMax="23.5" valueMin="20.5">20.5–23.5 mm</quantity>
in length (n = 60, mean
<quantity id="3A73454DD28D9E0C082B507DCA20783A" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2199999999999998" unit="mm" value="22.2">22.2 mm</quantity>
) and
<quantity id="68284EB8F9235101E99E1893E9C684D4" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="1.1" unit="mm" value="12.0" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="11.0">11–13 mm</quantity>
in width (mean
<quantity id="FF1DA59263B6A4D66C63FC665F71CB0B" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.14" unit="mm" value="11.4">11.4 mm</quantity>
); integument with setae gradually decreasing in density posteriorly from the fifth integument (often evenly distributed across all segments); sparse spicules near the rim of spiracles 1 and 10 Spiracles shallow; generally uniform in size, except for spiracles 1, 2, and 10, which are slightly smaller; largest spiracle
<quantity id="911ABCCD63A0E054008A39107BBEAF20" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
in diameter; spiracular rim
<quantity id="1408425CB51AA4AA644F9EFEFE51F47B" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="mm" value="0.03">0.03 mm</quantity>
in thickness, bearing sparse large processes (
<quantity id="23759344B63BA2551973B8AEA38EA787" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.8" unit="mm" value="0.01" valueMax="0.012" valueMin="0.008">
<geoCoordinate id="DE6FA55E7C18CF4B00A932211150F73B" degrees="0.008" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="55" value="0.008">0.008</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="A15EE44031140BF7402CB5351A96EA15" degrees="0.012" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="55" value="-0.012">–0.012</geoCoordinate>
mm
</quantity>
in length) and dense tiny processes (&lt;
<quantity id="A83B85DCA9A4E252213D30EEAF88FEF3" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="mm" value="0.01">0.01 mm</quantity>
in length).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E6YAG" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="688F8AE07FB9E56BCDAA73925AE88385">
<heading id="35763EA5E8C164204F2F063A63A15590" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1ADDBB6A7C4DD5F8AC69454B09CA013F">
The antenna is typically nearly hyaline, as seen in
<taxonomicName id="43B5BC9849D90FD7658E21E818D4E1AD" authorityName="Lepeletier" authorityYear="1836" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="velutina">
<emphasis id="6A519266A99CAAFC56AFA1738A5D7DC4" italics="true">V. velutina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="1A2614EC8F78DFDD6186957BCFB7F7CB" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Vespa velutina nigrithorax A basal area of the right mandible, showing the absence of pits B left half of the labrum in ventrofrontal view C lateral part of the labrum showing spicules on the palate (arrow) D, E head in frontal view, with the arrow indicating a dotted patch (dt) and an enlarged image F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow showing variations in the shape of teeth I and II. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A, C); 0.1 mm (B, F, G); 0.3 mm (D, E)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302722">9 D</figureCitation>
); however, it may be slightly sclerotized, as in
<taxonomicName id="04A3B87C663A145F6E6C16D9D5AE8743" authorityName="Andre" authorityYear="1884" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="analis" subSpecies="parallela">
<emphasis id="505420496F2E596DF16FDC23BEBF3BB2" italics="true">V. analis parallela</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="6A4EEEF55AB1E85C55E41736F88C2526" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Vespa analis parallela A outer surface of the right mandible in frontal view B ventral portion of the palatolabral junction, with the yellow ring indicating the presence of spicules C, D head in frontal view E labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view F apical portion of the right mandible. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B); 0.3 mm (C, D, G); 0.1 mm (E, F)" figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302719">6 C</figureCitation>
). This condition can vary even within a single colony. This species closely resembles
<taxonomicName id="DE12084E80A5CCEA17AEF7F82F8818DB" authorityName="Lepeletier" authorityYear="1836" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="velutina">
<emphasis id="CB202CA1994D69DFDF13A0DFEF890ED6" italics="true">V. velutina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in both larval characteristics (
<bibRefCitation id="F681067C8ABF8DF765455547FB7CB94D" author="Yamane" firstAuthor="Yamane" journalOrPublisher="Insecta Matsumurana New Series" pagination="1-45" refId="B40" refString="Yamane Sk (1976) Morphological and taxonomic studies on vespine larvae, with reference to the phylogeny of the subfamily Vespinae (Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Insecta Matsumurana New Series 8: 1–45. http://hdl.handle.net/2115/9782" title="Morphological and taxonomic studies on vespine larvae, with reference to the phylogeny of the subfamily Vespinae (Hymenoptera: Vespidae)." url="http://hdl.handle.net/2115/9782" volume="8" year="1976">Yamane 1976</bibRefCitation>
, present study) and adult features (
<bibRefCitation id="46EE9DBBCDA72E2EC3A8B2416BD3480E" author="Archer" firstAuthor="Archer" journalOrPublisher="Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine" pagination="149-158" refId="B3" refString="Archer ME (1994) Taxonomy, distribution, and nesting biology of the Vespa bicolor group (Hym., Vespinae). Entomologist’s Monthly Magazine 130: 149–158. https://www.cabidigitallibrary.org/doi/full/10.5555/19951100676" title="Taxonomy, distribution, and nesting biology of the Vespa bicolor group (Hym., Vespinae)." url="https://www.cabidigitallibrary.org/doi/full/10.5555/19951100676" volume="130" year="1994">Archer 1994</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="96AA9F3ADAA349940D5387A01B0C0D8E" DOI="10.3897/jhr.32.4685" author="Carpenter" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Carpenter" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Hymenoptera Research" pagination="1-15" refId="B4" refString="Carpenter J, Kojima J, Villemant C (2013) Phylogeny of hornets: a total evidence approach (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Vespinae, Vespa). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 32: 1–15. https://doi.org/10.3897/jhr.32.4685" title="Phylogeny of hornets: a total evidence approach (Hymenoptera, Vespidae, Vespinae, Vespa)." volume="32" year="2013">Carpenter et al. 2013</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DEFB746BBFE3EC0ED5BE80683CAA33A7" ID-DOI="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure9" ID-arpha="94F91C29-243A-5451-BB2B-4701FD1C9870" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302722" startId="F9">
<paragraph id="A857D9B10269B115E8BFF55FA3015A2D">
<label id="3886EFDC638CDD36CD4422194EBF5ADA">Figure 9.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4419305BB079D10418C4C608BEC573FB">
<taxonomicName id="87536F8DE1453100494A5B5394217046" authorityName="du Buysson" authorityYear="1905" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="velutina" subSpecies="nigrithorax">
<emphasis id="90E206FED9621690442D6AACAF978195" italics="true">Vespa velutina nigrithorax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="F00A8C8DFE71614BA7B392DDF6504C18" bold="true">A</emphasis>
basal area of the right mandible, showing the absence of pits
<emphasis id="2ABC398EC93CE752A944E0FD8BD224BC" bold="true">B</emphasis>
left half of the labrum in ventrofrontal view
<emphasis id="5E7210841DE504439B00637127673BF4" bold="true">C</emphasis>
lateral part of the labrum showing spicules on the palate (arrow)
<emphasis id="84B3E2A388316E46D57940919B036BFD" bold="true">D, E</emphasis>
head in frontal view, with the arrow indicating a dotted patch (
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E52AG" xlink_title="dotted patch around the dorsalmost area of the frons">
<emphasis id="6EE673464EB7A4D8845CD86D51B57C78" italics="true">dt</emphasis>
</abbrev>
) and an enlarged image
<emphasis id="41EA892E705065256387D5217128A9F5" bold="true">F</emphasis>
labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view
<emphasis id="E10CB4F84EB7D0EBDD6CE290B5269631" bold="true">G</emphasis>
apical portion of the right mandible, with the arrow showing variations in the shape of teeth I and II. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (
<emphasis id="2CC58D6B79596E06217C08B0CA13C125" bold="true">A, C</emphasis>
); 0.1 mm (
<emphasis id="C43CAF7D50385B95DDF04D59246C39D9" bold="true">B, F, G</emphasis>
); 0.3 mm (
<emphasis id="35D9DF074094BF35D6ACF1B191FC5D2E" bold="true">D, E</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ER3AG" type="material">
<paragraph id="FBC128746B7625F0279BD0ACF3F5EB17">
<heading id="D6D9772324BEE04ECF606E51FD1D413A" reason="title">Specimens examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1391E622D2A42D5341BE563150DD15EE">
<materialsCitation id="EFB0C5296DBE19443D243537E23C6106" collectingDate="2022-09-29" collectorName="Choi" country="South Korea" latitude="36.811665" location="Goesan-gun" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="127.788055" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chungbuk">
<collectingCountry id="67D15CCB5B22AD8722A4228F1BA61CAF" name="South Korea">South Korea</collectingCountry>
• 10 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="EBD4917BC6C6AD0542C459D51A22620E" country="South Korea" name="Chungbuk">Chungcheongbuk-do</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="D36BFA8AA809814C4DAE31F4A2655B1A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AC7243E376F256B699DCD02A959BFCF4:D36BFA8AA809814C4DAE31F4A2655B1A" country="South Korea" latitude="36.811665" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="127.788055" name="Goesan-gun" stateProvince="Chungbuk">Goesan-gun</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E13AG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[127.788056,36.811667]}">
<geoCoordinate id="4251C70BC0A6A658EF2FB989A9DAE4DA" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="48" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="42" value="36.811665">36 ° 48 ' 42 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="9D0780120EC1EEFC9C9FC6F571AD061D" degrees="127" direction="east" minutes="47" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="17" value="127.788055">127 ° 47 ' 17 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="A33DF8B157793141CF4575A56A64394D" value="2022-09-29">
<collectingDate id="C39F572AC8909EA2302769DB2A9140FE" value="2022-09-29">29 Sept. 2022</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="4A42D458FD5C4477B0DDFD4D76015007">Choi</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="B08C480EDA53EA0299176A9F9E78382E" collectingDate="2022-09-30" collectorName="Ma" country="South Korea" latitude="36.77" location="Andong-si" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.79668" municipality="Gyeonsangbuk-do" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chungbuk">
10 mature larvae;
<collectingMunicipality id="E9DB43F7C132D5DB189EDA01F651666A">Gyeonsangbuk-do</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="542EDD24C2F7B37B1410566DB184BE20" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AC7243E376F256B699DCD02A959BFCF4:542EDD24C2F7B37B1410566DB184BE20" country="South Korea" latitude="36.77" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.79668" municipality="Gyeonsangbuk-do" name="Andong-si" stateProvince="Chungbuk">Andong-si</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EC4AG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[128.796667,36.770000]}">
<geoCoordinate id="C90080341C07F8F6B8096D99932A1200" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="46" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="12" value="36.77">36 ° 46 ' 12 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="AFA821A022FAFD6C93E5875FAE46C29B" degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="47" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="48" value="128.79668">128 ° 47 ' 48 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="994249AC475A21E52398CF6F20EC7660" value="2022-09-30">
<collectingDate id="DB5457AD5B3A4CF0596EA8C5D33F7E10" value="2022-09-30">30 Sept. 2022</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="27AF47F8686EA6EB3C9AEFA77E1AB6B1">Ma</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="A0046E2B759D16315B860568FA9A811D" collectingDate="2022-10-12" collectorName="Ma" country="South Korea" latitude="36.83583" location="Yeongju-si" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.64722" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">
30 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="B4C77F837AFE631C8EDBDAC7839DD758" country="South Korea" name="Gyeongbuk">Gyeongsangbuk-do</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="CEC227A610FBBA5AE8EB36B479ABB40F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AC7243E376F256B699DCD02A959BFCF4:CEC227A610FBBA5AE8EB36B479ABB40F" country="South Korea" latitude="36.83583" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.64722" name="Yeongju-si" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">Yeongju-si</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EK4AG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[128.647222,36.835833]}">
<geoCoordinate id="410CF3DB4B253188E75242EEBFA8ACEC" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="09" value="36.83583">36 ° 50 ' 09 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="F5547953A7778B43B9133E102E562DDF" degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="38" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="50" value="128.64722">128 ° 38 ' 50 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="BA40A64BD6139861A639ABE2A2168BF0" value="2022-10-12">
<collectingDate id="B164BCD38B9AEC5C1CE91B5A51F61454" value="2022-10-12">12 Oct. 2022</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="50502D4428330F0280F2783724AFA2CC">Ma</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="F801FCAFC1C53959211E13070C8A4BB0" collectingDate="2023-08-02" collectorName="Choi &amp; Kim" country="South Korea" latitude="36.717224" location="Yeongyang-gun" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="129.09666" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">
30 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="F768BA3FEA6D095DD1855F3BFDCE255D" country="South Korea" name="Gyeongbuk">Gyeongsangbuk-do</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="3E46BCACCF776E75CD7F9C932D3B9840" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AC7243E376F256B699DCD02A959BFCF4:3E46BCACCF776E75CD7F9C932D3B9840" country="South Korea" latitude="36.717224" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="129.09666" name="Yeongyang-gun" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">Yeongyang-gun</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0ES4AG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[129.096667,36.717222]}">
<geoCoordinate id="1928500E2AEEC15B157CDFECD4162D83" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="43" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="02" value="36.717224">36 ° 43 ' 02 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="18A9C9F4FF3213B8D348878A1C8CEF98" degrees="129" direction="east" minutes="05" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="48" value="129.09666">129 ° 05 ' 48 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="C7A8C108483FA232E648F5B94C62EDC9" value="2023-08-02">
<collectingDate id="3A218009521926004B8538DBD20D4DF1" value="2023-08-02">02 Aug. 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="3A7C87CA79F70CD7AD8BEE6E0B488FE7">Choi</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="770115FEA4F6EC6CA6CB2C3E786C160B">Kim</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="7960BD709B75E74927FE1467CD4F4910" collectingDate="2023-10-05" collectorName="Choi" country="South Korea" latitude="36.066666" location="Yeongcheon-si" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.92557" municipality="Gyeonsangbuk-do" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">
5 mature larvae;
<collectingMunicipality id="367483A0D76BD3E50910D2381C6D376D">Gyeonsangbuk-do</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="525B5B2B36ACB109A4FC424BC4E7E0DF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AC7243E376F256B699DCD02A959BFCF4:525B5B2B36ACB109A4FC424BC4E7E0DF" country="South Korea" latitude="36.066666" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.92557" municipality="Gyeonsangbuk-do" name="Yeongcheon-si" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">Yeongcheon-si</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E14AG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[128.925556,36.066667]}">
<geoCoordinate id="D28CBB4736C60FF58854AB1C3EB59C04" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="04" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="00" value="36.066666">36 ° 04 ' 00 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="0C5DABFA45A1D5DBBB4B0C8EB9C070CF" degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="55" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="32" value="128.92557">128 ° 55 ' 32 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="20C98950363BCDA16DF2D01CB97A72A0" value="2023-10-05">
<collectingDate id="BE65B19B810276F10537D64A8659EFCA" value="2023-10-05">5 Oct. 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="58F95839D3C499B18D523B3B52D5C4CC">Choi</collectorName>
et al
</materialsCitation>
. •
<materialsCitation id="D4BF8F834C253CBF93E2B657B259A78D" collectingDate="2023-10-05" collectorName="Choi" country="South Korea" latitude="36.068054" location="Yeongcheon-si" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.92639" municipality="Gyeonsangbuk-do" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">
5 mature larvae;
<collectingMunicipality id="5A37AA0CC2F953713713D70E92F32A00">Gyeonsangbuk-do</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="4470A8918EB3C13A1DD64DCA7729121F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AC7243E376F256B699DCD02A959BFCF4:4470A8918EB3C13A1DD64DCA7729121F" country="South Korea" latitude="36.068054" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.92639" municipality="Gyeonsangbuk-do" name="Yeongcheon-si" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">Yeongcheon-si</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EC5AG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[128.926389,36.068056]}">
<geoCoordinate id="AA7AD36981EBC69665E2A6052C80118B" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="04" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="05" value="36.068054">36 ° 04 ' 05 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="C85ED387EAF36E9AF78E006969390C01" degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="55" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="35" value="128.92639">128 ° 55 ' 35 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="D9D21EA79257A1D4FD215BF6362892FF" value="2023-10-05">
<collectingDate id="068297F914DFFA4036562B1051911D7C" value="2023-10-05">5 Oct. 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="ED710D3A110E08631D12FBBCC3481C7E">Choi</collectorName>
et al
</materialsCitation>
. •
<materialsCitation id="EAFBD5AEB55862FE03FEEBEC199D054D" collectingDate="2023-10-05" collectorName="Choi" country="South Korea" latitude="36.059723" location="Yeongcheon-si" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.92111" municipality="Gyeonsangbuk-do" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">
10 mature larvae;
<collectingMunicipality id="18CC41A5715DBEB6918EE956BF6F3BDA">Gyeonsangbuk-do</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="AA6732FB01434169472A02578C8266F6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AC7243E376F256B699DCD02A959BFCF4:AA6732FB01434169472A02578C8266F6" country="South Korea" latitude="36.059723" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.92111" municipality="Gyeonsangbuk-do" name="Yeongcheon-si" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">Yeongcheon-si</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EK5AG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[128.921111,36.059722]}">
<geoCoordinate id="015C3AFB3806BAE6AD3C322379AF77D5" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="03" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="35" value="36.059723">36 ° 03 ' 35 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="F4622333C2422E7C322EE7C03405721A" degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="55" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="16" value="128.92111">128 ° 55 ' 16 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="BEC9509FFE8795E2D61DB1B22D0D4D44" value="2023-10-05">
<collectingDate id="FC6B3BF885BC03573255F028B1B8EBF3" value="2023-10-05">5 Oct. 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="B64D3F79464AB69B69DF0A18C391D71D">Choi</collectorName>
et al
</materialsCitation>
. •
<materialsCitation id="5D75D344C30CB6C38B98529ED005CDA0" collectingDate="2024-08-21" collectorName="Ma &amp; Kim" country="South Korea" latitude="37.52611" location="Pyeongchang-si" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.50223" municipality="Gangwon-do" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">
10 mature larvae;
<collectingMunicipality id="F4F331AFA4A667A531D1927006432177">Gangwon-do</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="ECC29D745FA0D30987104C6957C65E7D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AC7243E376F256B699DCD02A959BFCF4:ECC29D745FA0D30987104C6957C65E7D" country="South Korea" latitude="37.52611" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.50223" municipality="Gangwon-do" name="Pyeongchang-si" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">Pyeongchang-si</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0ES5AG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[128.502222,37.526111]}">
<geoCoordinate id="E4F414A9E0376625C1118F90F383F40E" degrees="37" direction="north" minutes="31" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="34" value="37.52611">37 ° 31 ' 34 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FA1BB98F739B7BFC6F540E1DF8F08831" degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="08" value="128.50223">128 ° 30 ' 08 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="32E036FF90236EB886E0245F6A20499C" value="2024-08-21">
<collectingDate id="DA2486C6D00813AD53F6ADC08DF41270" value="2024-08-21">21 Aug. 2024</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="9E157EE3437DB55EBD4337656AC1CD92">Ma</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="604E630B8D4BB622624875162251206B">Kim</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="49D32BDB51BFBCC51A6B16299DE692E2" collectingDate="2024-08-22" collectorName="Choi &amp; Ma" country="South Korea" latitude="35.244446" location="Gurye-gun" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="127.594444" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Jeonnam">
15 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="C87E9E774F82EECF7DEDCC0EFB76371A" country="South Korea" name="Jeonnam">Jeollanam-do</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="E23D982B00A709AD3AC810900033C1E4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AC7243E376F256B699DCD02A959BFCF4:E23D982B00A709AD3AC810900033C1E4" country="South Korea" latitude="35.244446" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="127.594444" name="Gurye-gun" stateProvince="Jeonnam">Gurye-gun</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E15AG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[127.594444,35.244444]}">
<geoCoordinate id="E2CBF00C5F1ECF97CB3F8080AA641E75" degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="14" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="40" value="35.244446">35 ° 14 ' 40 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="DADD134C6EC1E116F750A09466E4C292" degrees="127" direction="east" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="40" value="127.594444">127 ° 35 ' 40 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="D111797B51D347DF5CB7506256D3F087" value="2024-08-22">
<collectingDate id="80D6960362E720CD7AA87BEED68D3414" value="2024-08-22">22 Aug. 2024</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="6A8D04AA628BB6EA0241E0DCEA0FADB3">Choi</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="F594D8F82E3F2656EDCCB55C5D785C03">Ma</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="82987D8145B94CAC2D32317854811066" collectingDate="2024-09-05" collectorName="Choi &amp; Ma" country="South Korea" latitude="37.525276" location="Hoengseong-gun" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.14944" municipality="Gangwon-do" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Jeonnam">
10 mature larvae;
<collectingMunicipality id="7201E34EE7FB382648A3691206213717">Gangwon-do</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8A4D9BB57CDA82A2D197FBB69B52325B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AC7243E376F256B699DCD02A959BFCF4:8A4D9BB57CDA82A2D197FBB69B52325B" country="South Korea" latitude="37.525276" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.14944" municipality="Gangwon-do" name="Hoengseong-gun" stateProvince="Jeonnam">Hoengseong-gun</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EC6AG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[128.149444,37.525278]}">
<geoCoordinate id="7DE603F5B8487250ACD23638CB747D8C" degrees="37" direction="north" minutes="31" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="31" value="37.525276">37 ° 31 ' 31 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="F3F97A8A1DDADBEE1A2593B0FB1FBBCE" degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="08" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="58" value="128.14944">128 ° 08 ' 58 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="B0D652EE6ADC55715C02E4F3B3FB1E02" value="2024-09-05">
<collectingDate id="6E59790B4559A76D279F1F017F38AE0E" value="2024-09-05">5 Sept. 2024</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="E02A4839912510BEEE72132399CC55FA">Choi</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="6EA20EC38FE2B3713DBCC4189578BC3A">Ma</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

316
data/AE/86/BE/AE86BE36C9295A1B97C4A3D6CA919C2A.xml Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,316 @@
<document id="03FBC7EA50FF47E2E75023EBB4217739" ID-DOI="10.3897/jhr.98.141572" ID-ZooBank="57580D57-10C7-4FE2-A997-624E3CE20BE5" ID-publisher-id="141572" URI-arpha="58DE049E-D024-5282-A795-0E588202618E" URI-zoobank="http://zoobank.org/57580D57-10C7-4FE2-A997-624E3CE20BE5" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1744125335037" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Kim, Jaehee, Kwon, Oh-Seok, Yamane, Seiki &amp; Choi, Moon Bo" docDate="2025" docId="AE86BE36C9295A1B97C4A3D6CA919C2A" docLanguage="en" docName="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 98: 435-465" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 98" docSource="https://jhr.pensoft.net/article/141572/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docTitle="Vespa ducalis Smith 1852" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="465" masterDocId="58DE049ED0245282A7950E588202618E" masterDocTitle="Comparative morphological analysis of mature larvae of eight Vespa Linnaeus, 1758 species (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) in South Korea" masterLastPageNumber="465" masterPageNumber="435" pageNumber="435" updateTime="1744126111890" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="F609829030957787500853309A540E3B" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="9AC86318753853D3459A6F3D2CB65844">
<mods:title id="179153628FBD2D6A498148A760C87392">Comparative morphological analysis of mature larvae of eight Vespa Linnaeus, 1758 species (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) in South Korea</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="BC22F945946DA789CA01E2A04AD74FC8" type="personal">
<mods:role id="8F71C180B5EB09B965A68AD475B90EBB">
<mods:roleTerm id="6A95B5DCB2506510CAA897738486C902">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="B494016F71F0C90A588FC943AA6B5295">Kim, Jaehee</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="9339CDF2DA6566633FF05BFC3BD521ED" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4211-4232</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="0E4AB598C3DE2898D9232358FB7D8A7B">Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="33B65CE711C000EB503EAF88CD291164" type="personal">
<mods:role id="C498E8682B22D80D91C6580A2723C1D3">
<mods:roleTerm id="5424EA4A72B4DDD998D43803F2B20C5C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="0AE01438E90DB8B2DCA09BA08B1DEB38">Kwon, Oh-Seok</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="71BA7205D77CE871A0BD1A1D3211BB4C" type="ORCID">0000-0001-9075-3994</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="C1DD31F63CD58B06586F9C779F547858">Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="375507C2B8D3932822D5DCED493AD0B3" type="personal">
<mods:role id="CDEE0795DE076BB7A2F97FC9A237D36C">
<mods:roleTerm id="A0CE6EA5257DF4B71BD8C21FCF85D1C5">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="DEBE2F3F3A70C0FEC607DF784BC56B54">Yamane, Seiki</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="E6293E3AF7D07E02C98EBB9C7FF6A23C">Department of Plant Medicine, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="A537904C3C74795F23FF11DF9C4E435A" type="personal">
<mods:role id="CB956DAEAE2349F5080B67BFE1B2E449">
<mods:roleTerm id="B4CD42FC9EE4BCD1F10344A31BE7379A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="33405E508B3A4831B9FFBD0A43B57DAF">Choi, Moon Bo</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="8D2017F6133B714785B4338C1F966709" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7742-3704</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="0E02BE4BE3A4C3AE291C4E6040AED2FF">Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="88EA3C8BBF5B3399187F8462E9267426">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="07D8DCB2BD0A06378B8E50C1401989F4" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="AF4AB4B9D7B3A5DAAA8210CAB6C08D4A">
<mods:title id="8D3447C1247619CF1B8CCB8BA986E3FE">Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="A45DA3FD5AE134093501A72C172A6D9E">
<mods:date id="0626CE70E08BE8F56DFA9C45BF1C01E5">2025</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="362C9DD833C6B02C64760B9717C1C7B6" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="644E3E4064B43ED2F51B36E05447A194">2025-04-08</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="42F2772B470C66D06E2D41B22127CAD1" type="volume">
<mods:number id="60B076502A466847DC5D4B8CD5A0270E">98</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="F5AE514731208CE2CD7B68A597A0B3B6" unit="page">
<mods:start id="0650A8B5D49176DFAA38BB075707017F">435</mods:start>
<mods:end id="9613D7C9B9A627FDF583B21394289A3E">465</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="66AAE31AC4EE66A9551F82719CF3BD74">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="68C1EA3C4157D20E44933D0C4B3BEC7D" type="DOI">10.3897/jhr.98.141572</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="94F6379C03B8A7EFB88487A655F15538" type="ZooBank">57580D57-10C7-4FE2-A997-624E3CE20BE5</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="AE86BE36C9295A1B97C4A3D6CA919C2A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15175754" ID-Zenodo-Dep="15175754" ID-arpha="AE86BE36-C929-5A1B-97C4-A3D6CA919C2A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AE86BE36C9295A1B97C4A3D6CA919C2A" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AE86BE36C9295A1B97C4A3D6CA919C2A">
<subSubSection id="2092010E0FFC7F7F67A224CC5428461B" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="09B1A4502AEA3F858F5FF7EEA40BB16B">
<taxonomicName id="EFA90785BE03754936FDF811BBEE4B94" ID-CoL="5B9TV" authority="Smith, 1852" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1852" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ducalis">
<emphasis id="1E07476557665ED8967813868001BA8B" italics="true">Vespa ducalis</emphasis>
Smith, 1852
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EVRAE" type="description">
<paragraph id="24B5645B76FF2FBF4963C49812456A0D">
<heading id="A3403FFBDA222CA9E8050B9A402D0660" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BF1A5FBBDDF4AC2F2CC7EFFC2533FEE4">
<emphasis id="5B2C570C7A5D1539E39E9BE1E354DABF" bold="true" italics="true">Head</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="931F1BFF8261A6627841A039F87827C2" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Vespa ducalis A left mandible in frontal view, with the arrow indicating pits B dorsolateral portion of the left half of the labrum in frontal view C right mandible D, E head in frontal view F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G two examples of the apical portion of the mandible, with the arrow showing the inclination of the dorsal margin of tooth III and red lines highlighting the acute apex of tooth I H temporal band. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A, C); 0.03 mm (B); 0.3 mm (D, E, H); 0.1 mm (F, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302717">4</figureCitation>
):
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EESAE" xlink_title="cranial width/mouthpart width ratio">
CW /
<collectionCode id="5BF1DF9D46D22A2F5ED49D2540D55906" country="Netherlands" name="Museum Wasmann">MW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
= 1.6–1.74 (n = 47, mean 1.67). Cranium moderately rugo-reticulated and transversely wrinkled in the ventral area from the lateral margin of the clypeus to the outer margin of the gena. Antenna located at mid-height on the cranium, distinctly behind the dorsal margin of the clypeus (Fig.
<figureCitation id="39DC2D26A2F8CF6FE85712DCB507FBC0" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Vespa ducalis A left mandible in frontal view, with the arrow indicating pits B dorsolateral portion of the left half of the labrum in frontal view C right mandible D, E head in frontal view F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G two examples of the apical portion of the mandible, with the arrow showing the inclination of the dorsal margin of tooth III and red lines highlighting the acute apex of tooth I H temporal band. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A, C); 0.03 mm (B); 0.3 mm (D, E, H); 0.1 mm (F, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302717">4 D, E</figureCitation>
), with a diameter of
<quantity id="978852163503CC991E5EDBE5B20BA556" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" unit="mm" value="0.09">0.09 mm</quantity>
and moderate sclerotization (Fig.
<figureCitation id="ABD0DE2D2D6946D677F457790D1F1561" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Vespa ducalis A left mandible in frontal view, with the arrow indicating pits B dorsolateral portion of the left half of the labrum in frontal view C right mandible D, E head in frontal view F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G two examples of the apical portion of the mandible, with the arrow showing the inclination of the dorsal margin of tooth III and red lines highlighting the acute apex of tooth I H temporal band. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A, C); 0.03 mm (B); 0.3 mm (D, E, H); 0.1 mm (F, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302717">4 D</figureCitation>
). Temporal band (Fig.
<figureCitation id="139620606A81E7A64833E144D8FB39A4" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Vespa ducalis A left mandible in frontal view, with the arrow indicating pits B dorsolateral portion of the left half of the labrum in frontal view C right mandible D, E head in frontal view F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G two examples of the apical portion of the mandible, with the arrow showing the inclination of the dorsal margin of tooth III and red lines highlighting the acute apex of tooth I H temporal band. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A, C); 0.03 mm (B); 0.3 mm (D, E, H); 0.1 mm (F, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302717">4 D, E, H</figureCitation>
) generally narrow, with a heavily margined dorsal edge, moderately margined ventral edge, and poorly defined lateral margins; inner part heavily ferruginous-pigmented except in the dorsal and ventral areas (Fig.
<figureCitation id="A6101EA214E5164CE4F963710C260140" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Vespa ducalis A left mandible in frontal view, with the arrow indicating pits B dorsolateral portion of the left half of the labrum in frontal view C right mandible D, E head in frontal view F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G two examples of the apical portion of the mandible, with the arrow showing the inclination of the dorsal margin of tooth III and red lines highlighting the acute apex of tooth I H temporal band. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A, C); 0.03 mm (B); 0.3 mm (D, E, H); 0.1 mm (F, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302717">4 H</figureCitation>
). Ventral edge positioned slightly above the level of the dorsal margin of the antenna (Fig.
<figureCitation id="A36F578C19C604C87365FB3C21BF5E17" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Vespa ducalis A left mandible in frontal view, with the arrow indicating pits B dorsolateral portion of the left half of the labrum in frontal view C right mandible D, E head in frontal view F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G two examples of the apical portion of the mandible, with the arrow showing the inclination of the dorsal margin of tooth III and red lines highlighting the acute apex of tooth I H temporal band. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A, C); 0.03 mm (B); 0.3 mm (D, E, H); 0.1 mm (F, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302717">4 E</figureCitation>
). Paired suprafrontal marks well-defined (Fig.
<figureCitation id="D486CF5BDABFFA468F6D6D2D5C241C64" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Vespa ducalis A left mandible in frontal view, with the arrow indicating pits B dorsolateral portion of the left half of the labrum in frontal view C right mandible D, E head in frontal view F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G two examples of the apical portion of the mandible, with the arrow showing the inclination of the dorsal margin of tooth III and red lines highlighting the acute apex of tooth I H temporal band. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A, C); 0.03 mm (B); 0.3 mm (D, E, H); 0.1 mm (F, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302717">4 E</figureCitation>
). Area around the antenna milky, with faint dotted patches on the frons. Region around the frontal suture dorsally bearing setae (n = 8–12), which are densely distributed below the depression at the origin of the frontal muscle; frons, aside from this area, with fewer than eight setae. Clypeus as depicted in Fig.
<figureCitation id="4DA1B5188F65EDDD3DA506D3E31B05D1" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Vespa ducalis A left mandible in frontal view, with the arrow indicating pits B dorsolateral portion of the left half of the labrum in frontal view C right mandible D, E head in frontal view F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G two examples of the apical portion of the mandible, with the arrow showing the inclination of the dorsal margin of tooth III and red lines highlighting the acute apex of tooth I H temporal band. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A, C); 0.03 mm (B); 0.3 mm (D, E, H); 0.1 mm (F, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302717">4 D, E</figureCitation>
, with its width slightly exceeding than the minimum distance between the antennae. Main disc with a shallowly convex dorsal margin; dorsolateral corner angulate; lateral margins straight and weakly divergent ventrad, with tentorial pits but lacking pigmented spots; main disc relatively high, with a
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EETAE" xlink_title="clypeal index">CLI</abbrev>
of 3.0–5.0; main disc with approximately 75 setae; ventral section strongly transverse (Fig.
<figureCitation id="C52E00F25772C9B5B46EAEEA6FA6DE74" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Vespa ducalis A left mandible in frontal view, with the arrow indicating pits B dorsolateral portion of the left half of the labrum in frontal view C right mandible D, E head in frontal view F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G two examples of the apical portion of the mandible, with the arrow showing the inclination of the dorsal margin of tooth III and red lines highlighting the acute apex of tooth I H temporal band. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A, C); 0.03 mm (B); 0.3 mm (D, E, H); 0.1 mm (F, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302717">4 E</figureCitation>
). Labrum (Fig.
<figureCitation id="9550BA7D2DDABFC98A872B02C4232325" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Vespa ducalis A left mandible in frontal view, with the arrow indicating pits B dorsolateral portion of the left half of the labrum in frontal view C right mandible D, E head in frontal view F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G two examples of the apical portion of the mandible, with the arrow showing the inclination of the dorsal margin of tooth III and red lines highlighting the acute apex of tooth I H temporal band. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A, C); 0.03 mm (B); 0.3 mm (D, E, H); 0.1 mm (F, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302717">4 F</figureCitation>
, left) with numerous sensory bristles, except in the dorsal region. Palate (Fig.
<figureCitation id="2EE34BD8EAE46A591F8547B3271268EB" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Vespa ducalis A left mandible in frontal view, with the arrow indicating pits B dorsolateral portion of the left half of the labrum in frontal view C right mandible D, E head in frontal view F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G two examples of the apical portion of the mandible, with the arrow showing the inclination of the dorsal margin of tooth III and red lines highlighting the acute apex of tooth I H temporal band. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A, C); 0.03 mm (B); 0.3 mm (D, E, H); 0.1 mm (F, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302717">4 F</figureCitation>
, right) with a small median patch (width × height ≤ 0.02 ×
<quantity id="671E65E1D7AB27128C78B6338AB9E983" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="mm" value="0.02">0.02 mm</quantity>
), a large sclerotized patch extending nearly to the dorsolateral extremity, and dense conical papillae concentrated medially, which become sparser laterad; largest conical papillae measuring
<quantity id="1589155249CEF605A47BBBF4A59601CB" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" unit="mm" value="0.025">0.025 mm</quantity>
in basal width; spicules distributed in the medioventral region and along the ventrolateral margin (Fig.
<figureCitation id="39636484E78243114DE549773333A440" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Vespa ducalis A left mandible in frontal view, with the arrow indicating pits B dorsolateral portion of the left half of the labrum in frontal view C right mandible D, E head in frontal view F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G two examples of the apical portion of the mandible, with the arrow showing the inclination of the dorsal margin of tooth III and red lines highlighting the acute apex of tooth I H temporal band. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A, C); 0.03 mm (B); 0.3 mm (D, E, H); 0.1 mm (F, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302717">4 B, F</figureCitation>
). Mandible (Fig.
<figureCitation id="8E40E3C7857D6A1D917E162F32CBC0CD" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Vespa ducalis A left mandible in frontal view, with the arrow indicating pits B dorsolateral portion of the left half of the labrum in frontal view C right mandible D, E head in frontal view F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G two examples of the apical portion of the mandible, with the arrow showing the inclination of the dorsal margin of tooth III and red lines highlighting the acute apex of tooth I H temporal band. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A, C); 0.03 mm (B); 0.3 mm (D, E, H); 0.1 mm (F, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302717">4 A, C, G</figureCitation>
) slightly sclerotized (Fig.
<figureCitation id="E54390A19432AEC0487CBB382D36F27E" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Vespa ducalis A left mandible in frontal view, with the arrow indicating pits B dorsolateral portion of the left half of the labrum in frontal view C right mandible D, E head in frontal view F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G two examples of the apical portion of the mandible, with the arrow showing the inclination of the dorsal margin of tooth III and red lines highlighting the acute apex of tooth I H temporal band. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A, C); 0.03 mm (B); 0.3 mm (D, E, H); 0.1 mm (F, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302717">4 C</figureCitation>
), bearing numerous pits on its outer surface (Fig.
<figureCitation id="40A76B4E07961A642DAE8B7285409B9A" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Vespa ducalis A left mandible in frontal view, with the arrow indicating pits B dorsolateral portion of the left half of the labrum in frontal view C right mandible D, E head in frontal view F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G two examples of the apical portion of the mandible, with the arrow showing the inclination of the dorsal margin of tooth III and red lines highlighting the acute apex of tooth I H temporal band. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A, C); 0.03 mm (B); 0.3 mm (D, E, H); 0.1 mm (F, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302717">4 A</figureCitation>
). Mandibular teeth I and II distinctly projected compared to IIIa and IIIb, with tooth I slightly more developed than tooth II, and tooth IIIa less produced than IIIb. Teeth I and II separated at an angle of 65 ° – 85 °, teeth II and IIIa separated at 60 ° – 80 °, and teeth IIIa and IIIb separated at 110 ° – 160 °. Teeth I and II stout, with triangular apices; tooth II with a slightly convex dorsal margin and a smooth, steep ventral margin. Teeth IIIa and IIIb directed downward; bifurcation point between teeth II and IIIa slightly deeper than other bifurcation points (Fig.
<figureCitation id="7EA61DBF9DD2AC88A030FDF7B8C894EA" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Vespa ducalis A left mandible in frontal view, with the arrow indicating pits B dorsolateral portion of the left half of the labrum in frontal view C right mandible D, E head in frontal view F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G two examples of the apical portion of the mandible, with the arrow showing the inclination of the dorsal margin of tooth III and red lines highlighting the acute apex of tooth I H temporal band. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A, C); 0.03 mm (B); 0.3 mm (D, E, H); 0.1 mm (F, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302717">4 G</figureCitation>
). Maxilla with approximately 30 setae. Prelabium with approximately 30 setae.
</paragraph>
<caption id="BF73E2235EF17072A79DDD2A8B41BF76" ID-DOI="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure4" ID-arpha="79357862-8745-5324-A637-13DB1B1D2C73" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302717" startId="F4">
<paragraph id="B8AE3280F77E021806CB1412F39165E5">
<label id="1C12E30D0D4C8A6C4F78C7C59BF725BA">Figure 4.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C3ADC8F824DCFF71E04FA5A7AA62352F">
<taxonomicName id="0F3BA8847EDEFAD180CE6448192B4AE8" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1852" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ducalis">
<emphasis id="EB4FE054D45685A5DCDA0426338706C0" italics="true">Vespa ducalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="9A2E4F1171F74CB94140E8739F625270" bold="true">A</emphasis>
left mandible in frontal view, with the arrow indicating pits
<emphasis id="21D731B8F803B05B3FA6BF8AF9636081" bold="true">B</emphasis>
dorsolateral portion of the left half of the labrum in frontal view
<emphasis id="7D5B3FA11474434777308CB1109600BD" bold="true">C</emphasis>
right mandible
<emphasis id="7164F2B4761E6E327C435ED079062738" bold="true">D, E</emphasis>
head in frontal view
<emphasis id="A67C7C3E3ACA8EE6F86337F3AD504255" bold="true">F</emphasis>
labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view
<emphasis id="E7F92AADC58B91397623919A97D5E39C" bold="true">G</emphasis>
two examples of the apical portion of the mandible, with the arrow showing the inclination of the dorsal margin of tooth III and red lines highlighting the acute apex of tooth I
<emphasis id="7440C2621043207A1F9D1B625355F86B" bold="true">H</emphasis>
temporal band. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (
<emphasis id="16E7F08CA8E560769D8FF462F463C7D0" bold="true">A, C</emphasis>
); 0.03 mm (
<emphasis id="2F5C887A5EC1BD8A6961454C460AA25E" bold="true">B</emphasis>
); 0.3 mm (
<emphasis id="CC476F7C87E7755DF85CEE642F68B19C" bold="true">D, E, H</emphasis>
); 0.1 mm (
<emphasis id="30A905FC49536285BE372B1473987CDD" bold="true">F, G</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="E257FCE0944B5E6CB489DD14B549141A">
<emphasis id="2DEC52821EA56886BE21619C4A7C5656" bold="true" italics="true">Body</emphasis>
(thorax and abdomen): Body
<quantity id="1A6E1B06FAC1AF0A406C0A8381B39716" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.4" metricValueMin="2.1" unit="mm" value="27.5" valueMax="34.0" valueMin="21.0">21–34 mm</quantity>
in length (n = 47, mean
<quantity id="4146D0FFB13E2CCF41C9EE7CDFF767B5" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.87" unit="mm" value="28.7">28.7 mm</quantity>
) and
<quantity id="90D4A658BA252EC573016400CDEBBD1D" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.125" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.05" unit="mm" value="11.25" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="10.5">10.5–12 mm</quantity>
in width (mean 11.0 mm); integument with sparse setae and dense spicules. Spiracles deep, generally similar in size, except for the slightly smaller spiracles 1, 2, and 10 (occasionally spiracles 2 and 10 smaller); largest spiracle
<quantity id="DCE24C9A93DE29835CD0746A776C05C6" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
in diameter; spiracular rim
<quantity id="E5B74EB565D4F856C690B3F42D038EE8" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="mm" value="0.035">0.035 mm</quantity>
in thickness but rim of spiracle 2 relatively thick and consisting of sparse processes; inner part with short collar processes and thick, large, and even atrial processes; rim with short and sparse spicules.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E4VAE" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="9631D908997425169C1D2AE57196936C">
<heading id="113365C4EFA8F1094826FB83A1515585" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4AE33209BC37D3CDC03CB8AAE0474F6C">
The cranium is orangish in color except in the area surrounding the antennae, a characteristic unique to
<taxonomicName id="223A66946758C63C062069175BA3540A" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1852" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ducalis">
<emphasis id="D86B450F05B2FE8A4E6DBD15AA4CD31B" italics="true">V. ducalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="2F9D39DAC48CDA9F637F5469A21413E3" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Vespa ducalis A left mandible in frontal view, with the arrow indicating pits B dorsolateral portion of the left half of the labrum in frontal view C right mandible D, E head in frontal view F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G two examples of the apical portion of the mandible, with the arrow showing the inclination of the dorsal margin of tooth III and red lines highlighting the acute apex of tooth I H temporal band. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A, C); 0.03 mm (B); 0.3 mm (D, E, H); 0.1 mm (F, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302717">4 D</figureCitation>
). The dorsal (upper) region (main disc) of the clypeus is large and over three times the height of the ventral (lower) region (Fig.
<figureCitation id="D723FC589DCBC8B72397EB693994325A" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Vespa ducalis A left mandible in frontal view, with the arrow indicating pits B dorsolateral portion of the left half of the labrum in frontal view C right mandible D, E head in frontal view F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G two examples of the apical portion of the mandible, with the arrow showing the inclination of the dorsal margin of tooth III and red lines highlighting the acute apex of tooth I H temporal band. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A, C); 0.03 mm (B); 0.3 mm (D, E, H); 0.1 mm (F, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302717">4 E</figureCitation>
). Mandibular tooth III is relatively small, measuring less than half as the length of tooth II (Fig.
<figureCitation id="7545098528D7A38B1E11E2A5A669F382" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Vespa ducalis A left mandible in frontal view, with the arrow indicating pits B dorsolateral portion of the left half of the labrum in frontal view C right mandible D, E head in frontal view F labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view G two examples of the apical portion of the mandible, with the arrow showing the inclination of the dorsal margin of tooth III and red lines highlighting the acute apex of tooth I H temporal band. Scale bars: 0.2 mm (A, C); 0.03 mm (B); 0.3 mm (D, E, H); 0.1 mm (F, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302717">4 C, G</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E1WAE" type="material">
<paragraph id="45DCF8AE906233DFD30F4C8CD5ACCB0F">
<heading id="CE91709F93CFA4CDF731A21035D19C5D" reason="title">Specimens examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="38A95DABB737015029527E98E8E4F95C">
<materialsCitation id="A508D95365C062F21E4482D9FCA2A9FC" collectingDate="2022-08-02" collectorName="Ma" country="South Korea" latitude="35.960278" location="Seongju-gun" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.18222" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">
<collectingCountry id="13D1C573D719E19E56FBD717E4DC885C" name="South Korea">South Korea</collectingCountry>
• 10 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="F99A1DDE3A0C47D74451BFAA1F50DD3A" country="South Korea" name="Gyeongbuk">Gyeongsangbuk-do</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="24ED3D452B39D7DF2AC558EFEA126862" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AE86BE36C9295A1B97C4A3D6CA919C2A:24ED3D452B39D7DF2AC558EFEA126862" country="South Korea" latitude="35.960278" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.18222" name="Seongju-gun" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">Seongju-gun</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EDXAE" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[128.182222,35.960278]}">
<geoCoordinate id="811C663B169DAC1570591FCF6C34408F" degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="57" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="37" value="35.960278">35 ° 57 ' 37 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="10155A75DDA47CD220A9A0F06E49457F" degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="56" value="128.18222">128 ° 10 ' 56 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="2E89C77E18BEB11399C3A5C1549420AB" value="2022-08-02">
<collectingDate id="A7B3B2F226CFAA23C783977E9FAFF951" value="2022-08-02">2 Aug. 2022</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="53B8A817F441DAFB9EC4B99CEB3EE9FB">Ma</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3AF842F49F460C4D0E0D4E556DE37CD8" collectingDate="2022-08-04" country="South Korea" latitude="35.033333" location="Gwangyang-si" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="127.622505" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Jeonnam">
10 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="FEC324192662AE18E851DE4576AF276C" country="South Korea" name="Jeonnam">Jeollanam-do</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="CA9153B830989177354DD7F2818F3AC5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AE86BE36C9295A1B97C4A3D6CA919C2A:CA9153B830989177354DD7F2818F3AC5" country="South Korea" latitude="35.033333" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="127.622505" name="Gwangyang-si" stateProvince="Jeonnam">Gwangyang-si</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0ELXAE" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[127.622500,35.033333]}">
<geoCoordinate id="5674CCF545A0FEE8C3FB71DAACF13840" degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="02" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="00" value="35.033333">35 ° 02 ' 00 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="B3A2F7D2E4A90D78216E4A4B2B9E46F5" degrees="127" direction="east" minutes="37" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="21" value="127.622505">127 ° 37 ' 21 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="9981BF400EF5152A60BF4C3459E95F5E" value="2022-08-04">
<collectingDate id="E6DC5D4E0EFB0D471739406076B0920B" value="2022-08-04">4 Aug. 2022</collectingDate>
</date>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="698B72D46F94ED048ADF811971AB7FEB" collectingDate="2022-08-30" collectorName="Ma &amp; Kim" country="South Korea" latitude="37.216946" location="Wonju-si" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.08833" municipality="Gangwon-do" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Jeonnam">
5 mature larvae;
<collectingMunicipality id="E3202414F9230D39CE80CE94EE306F1D">Gangwon-do</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="7A2CB22B2EAD1004C53C388B5529D31D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AE86BE36C9295A1B97C4A3D6CA919C2A:7A2CB22B2EAD1004C53C388B5529D31D" country="South Korea" latitude="37.216946" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.08833" municipality="Gangwon-do" name="Wonju-si" stateProvince="Jeonnam">Wonju-si</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0ETXAE" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[128.088333,37.216944]}">
<geoCoordinate id="7BA3BCAD36E30F77F411AD939CF87A79" degrees="37" direction="north" minutes="13" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="01" value="37.216946">37 ° 13 ' 01 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="E138A8706808D9B5F5B9153F4ED21607" degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="05" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="18" value="128.08833">128 ° 05 ' 18 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="B15630CBE10BEC2F77BF7E9DD03A3AAF" value="2022-08-30">
<collectingDate id="98298EB9BCCE705B711F72015619E766" value="2022-08-30">30 Aug. 2022</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="CE9D0626F74ABED47EC159F5CF00C0BF">Ma</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="D8DE4437A1A2A2230D46F0655C8DC60D">Kim</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="820E7E5908A845C5DF240A8A2B73A8BC" collectingDate="2023-08-17" collectorName="Choi &amp; Kim" country="South Korea" latitude="36.002224" location="Chilgok-gun" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.45917" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">
42 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="3E995A234F243AC4AADBBD042E6ED947" country="South Korea" name="Gyeongbuk">Gyeongsangbuk-do</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="A1A5EEF3BB7C0D208EAD7E81DAF6A033" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AE86BE36C9295A1B97C4A3D6CA919C2A:A1A5EEF3BB7C0D208EAD7E81DAF6A033" country="South Korea" latitude="36.002224" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.45917" name="Chilgok-gun" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">Chilgok-gun</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E2XAE" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[128.459167,36.002222]}">
<geoCoordinate id="1DD7683DEEAB323E14A7A19745F856A4" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="00" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="08" value="36.002224">36 ° 00 ' 08 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="F06610C55FF4480B42CA9AB42C3B1370" degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="27" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="33" value="128.45917">128 ° 27 ' 33 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="1CE3FCA5BE8C2003580D92A2ECAF9110" value="2023-08-17">
<collectingDate id="EC74CAB98D1E202663780860982AADA5" value="2023-08-17">17 Aug. 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="BC8FE947187D77B547D02EF2B6F229A8">Choi</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="AB3BAA7D14FA1F6DB43B479723E12916">Kim</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="5A6B799B7A94D1810F600F54C1415496" collectingDate="2023-08-18" collectorName="Choi &amp; Kim" country="South Korea" latitude="36.56139" location="Andong-si" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.79333" municipality="Gyeongsandbuk-do" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">
5 mature larvae;
<collectingMunicipality id="DBBFA3EADC840356B6DA6C4A57D7B7A3">Gyeongsandbuk-do</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="30312647CCA2FE337CF976D7AEA0B882" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AE86BE36C9295A1B97C4A3D6CA919C2A:30312647CCA2FE337CF976D7AEA0B882" country="South Korea" latitude="36.56139" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.79333" municipality="Gyeongsandbuk-do" name="Andong-si" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">Andong-si</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EDYAE" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[128.793333,36.561389]}">
<geoCoordinate id="DBE034A34F5F752D526AE2DA2DC4176F" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="33" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="41" value="36.56139">36 ° 33 ' 41 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="2FA4539CE20CBFA1BA8DC29E8F6039B3" degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="47" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="36" value="128.79333">128 ° 47 ' 36 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="EABB670FCA6C718CEAC38C6EA9EFEAAF" value="2023-08-18">
<collectingDate id="0F1FF379716AE11E1F344AA853E95C00" value="2023-08-18">18 Aug. 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="99C901B10F279DCBD856FA1039162282">Choi</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="82C0DEDAA8AE03376F2E406409B86D96">Kim</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="2BDFBC4C0C90CF27AF8CC734714B1FD9" collectingDate="2024-07-31" collectorName="Choi &amp; Kim" country="South Korea" latitude="36.68389" location="Andong-si" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.8275" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">
5 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="0799F353BC7FD74D93418D7843838571" country="South Korea" name="Gyeongbuk">Gyeongsangbuk-do</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="1A9425E546EC46D4B41DF4690F2B6DF8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AE86BE36C9295A1B97C4A3D6CA919C2A:1A9425E546EC46D4B41DF4690F2B6DF8" country="South Korea" latitude="36.68389" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.8275" name="Andong-si" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">Andong-si</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0ELYAE" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[128.827500,36.683889]}">
<geoCoordinate id="ED40600A9BDC11BC07FECE5A976B037B" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="41" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="02" value="36.68389">36 ° 41 ' 02 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="F130BAA2ABF2E6598B974AAD702B84E5" degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="49" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="39" value="128.8275">128 ° 49 ' 39 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="BB4994E9F487CACF41AF35AE704117CE" value="2024-07-31">
<collectingDate id="E7CBD9E27CAD466C1EDBF0DEEEB04190" value="2024-07-31">31 July 2024</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="87FA9A83A61F067EC88FACFA8078C99A">Choi</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="F3751DF173D273A5DDC32AA78B6723EA">Kim</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

190
data/BE/4C/BE/BE4CBE2402B6538281C5D77D5F3E4424.xml Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,190 @@
<document id="8DE9DD95C4D2CC8AB555459FB746D656" ID-DOI="10.3897/jhr.98.141572" ID-ZooBank="57580D57-10C7-4FE2-A997-624E3CE20BE5" ID-publisher-id="141572" URI-arpha="58DE049E-D024-5282-A795-0E588202618E" URI-zoobank="http://zoobank.org/57580D57-10C7-4FE2-A997-624E3CE20BE5" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1744125335037" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Kim, Jaehee, Kwon, Oh-Seok, Yamane, Seiki &amp; Choi, Moon Bo" docDate="2025" docId="BE4CBE2402B6538281C5D77D5F3E4424" docLanguage="en" docName="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 98: 435-465" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 98" docSource="https://jhr.pensoft.net/article/141572/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docTitle="Vespa binghami du Buysson 1905" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="465" masterDocId="58DE049ED0245282A7950E588202618E" masterDocTitle="Comparative morphological analysis of mature larvae of eight Vespa Linnaeus, 1758 species (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) in South Korea" masterLastPageNumber="465" masterPageNumber="435" pageNumber="435" updateTime="1744126111890" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="288327AD345678C5BA9F5C26CC4FA49B" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="3909C853A5954285E5883000971704BE">
<mods:title id="7A731C1B00E7402AB77D1AAE16338B79">Comparative morphological analysis of mature larvae of eight Vespa Linnaeus, 1758 species (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) in South Korea</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="49E65451A26CD9944EE8C03E55E9BE15" type="personal">
<mods:role id="1DE381BDCF251741B2972A0D78EA236A">
<mods:roleTerm id="5D69279DA930BAF4F5FEFCB352E9E3F4">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="233A263C4A6844457281ED52C9F8EE3F">Kim, Jaehee</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="AE02B3CA09FE771926D4656A9E275784" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4211-4232</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="5A497C7991FEA4F1E96DFE2A8C534955">Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="433B42DDA9CF3A2B5B05BC4C01260D86" type="personal">
<mods:role id="9A810CFCDDF059C7DC844EE56590FCA0">
<mods:roleTerm id="AF9F0918A9A67E6228A1B0ED02592CC2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F84B159956BB2162D0981F37C3F13D7A">Kwon, Oh-Seok</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="3B56267D4C3D3A380598904DFAA3100B" type="ORCID">0000-0001-9075-3994</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="734BCEF3FCA7EF2D017692C80D2315A1">Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="0728660C4CF6C5E662063CDF34142CD0" type="personal">
<mods:role id="DE680638393E364C40FD5EFD563623BE">
<mods:roleTerm id="CD66A087FBA900CC5572C2579A554FE7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="170A9CA83AF1E90EABE87C8683DFEC92">Yamane, Seiki</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="00D3BEB10549B600C1FAA12AAF3B30DD">Department of Plant Medicine, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="B6314BA99CBF984E128ADA8A82C54E77" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F835A5D85A0F58385F93B23E6990C9F9">
<mods:roleTerm id="E02E7648A190A6E176319C1221A07265">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F25A8FCBB54C5C0CB75A2BB625A20F30">Choi, Moon Bo</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="39977CB9E125FE82BF502DFDCD87E048" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7742-3704</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="EFA9411C4489F3B1CD851F2C1B4FAAE7">Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="5AAB359166518ADA013CA633E6380A70">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="F389E23BB2442D0B9BBAF39B384830CD" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="1BC952C074CBA98DD63F3F4BD332D8FC">
<mods:title id="15D596AC7C1A3FAB0D5D84622A044A10">Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="6FA4FE5C0A3B41AE62D7C01051CA2824">
<mods:date id="9147B7AD3D8806E4F994CE388A364048">2025</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="A886056528970C3A67E4C2D99496F58B" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="6F72CD3758036BF7CF41941D64B91227">2025-04-08</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="590275F73659A7C6FE075590B3BA68B7" type="volume">
<mods:number id="AF10FB2638F5E50DD208341908ECFB73">98</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="E3064A0A8308A4B273522C7F71B3175C" unit="page">
<mods:start id="26C22C44A4360745DC4164D71474ECCA">435</mods:start>
<mods:end id="945655FCE2FD432418A4C56C62AEC875">465</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="78EDC14B8E7F4F2CEB4FF61B83ED152F">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="2CB62A18F20923259E39EA3F024AC9D0" type="DOI">10.3897/jhr.98.141572</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="ABBF7051309286A9C08F2F343C609141" type="ZooBank">57580D57-10C7-4FE2-A997-624E3CE20BE5</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="BE4CBE2402B6538281C5D77D5F3E4424" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15175768" ID-Zenodo-Dep="15175768" ID-arpha="BE4CBE24-02B6-5382-81C5-D77D5F3E4424" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BE4CBE2402B6538281C5D77D5F3E4424" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BE4CBE2402B6538281C5D77D5F3E4424">
<subSubSection id="AB505AC0AD535CFE829DF65E0E00A68F" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="829B9EB514CF80C235234C8069E9CC58">
<taxonomicName id="8831A07936CC017A2406BDD5E47FF3EA" ID-CoL="5B9RT" authority="du Buysson, 1905" authorityName="du Buysson" authorityYear="1905" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="binghami">
<emphasis id="80CDCA891978CD3DA09476FC1428CD05" italics="true">Vespa binghami</emphasis>
du Buysson, 1905
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EXIBG" type="description">
<paragraph id="71F52E135288167852A2AFB33E2DFEC7">
<heading id="DD12ED1FA86233A2A0802B041162116D" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EA1F89710325C3B0EB65F0A6AF9459EA">
<emphasis id="C40DA3F8BF14BF7A0902D12FF20EC350" bold="true" italics="true">Head</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="35A48CE4355F214AAEDD134F924C3F77" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Vespa binghami A right mandible, with the arrow indicating pits B labrum in ventrofrontal view C, D head in frontal view E labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view F apical portion of the right mandible G temporal band. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, E, F); 0.03 mm (B); 0.3 mm (C, D, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302723">10</figureCitation>
):
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EGJBG" xlink_title="cranial width/mouthpart width ratio">
CW /
<collectionCode id="BA44DEEE1381C2C7F448F19B6E649019" country="Netherlands" name="Museum Wasmann">MW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
= 1.56–1.68 (n = 10, mean 1.63). Cranium with moderate, irregular rugo-reticulation. Antenna positioned well behind the dorsal margin of the clypeus (Fig.
<figureCitation id="14B149B1D20EA422E5F7309CC83F0A5E" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Vespa binghami A right mandible, with the arrow indicating pits B labrum in ventrofrontal view C, D head in frontal view E labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view F apical portion of the right mandible G temporal band. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, E, F); 0.03 mm (B); 0.3 mm (C, D, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302723">10 D</figureCitation>
), with a diameter of
<quantity id="1F1A897E54A60218B96BB8D2011CF4C2" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="mm" value="0.1">0.1 mm</quantity>
and a thin but heavily sclerotized rim (Fig.
<figureCitation id="28018B582554B32AA6058AA82D86F301" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Vespa binghami A right mandible, with the arrow indicating pits B labrum in ventrofrontal view C, D head in frontal view E labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view F apical portion of the right mandible G temporal band. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, E, F); 0.03 mm (B); 0.3 mm (C, D, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302723">10 C</figureCitation>
). Temporal band (Fig.
<figureCitation id="7FFD601A3B9A53B6481D4D9440B75E0B" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Vespa binghami A right mandible, with the arrow indicating pits B labrum in ventrofrontal view C, D head in frontal view E labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view F apical portion of the right mandible G temporal band. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, E, F); 0.03 mm (B); 0.3 mm (C, D, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302723">10 C, D, G</figureCitation>
) relatively broad, with its ventral half wider than the dorsal half; edges heavily margined; inner part with heavy ferruginous pigmentation, except for the ventral one-third portion, which is nearly transparent. Paired suprafrontal marks well defined (Fig.
<figureCitation id="39D2FD7C1C7C3F20690BC23B7F0C54A3" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Vespa binghami A right mandible, with the arrow indicating pits B labrum in ventrofrontal view C, D head in frontal view E labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view F apical portion of the right mandible G temporal band. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, E, F); 0.03 mm (B); 0.3 mm (C, D, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302723">10 D</figureCitation>
); dotted patches on the frons faint; region around the frontal suture with 12 or 14 setae. Clypeus width larger than the minimum distance between the antennae. Clypeus as shown in Fig.
<figureCitation id="2D937A5765C1EACEE8FC29BFA8CF4766" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Vespa binghami A right mandible, with the arrow indicating pits B labrum in ventrofrontal view C, D head in frontal view E labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view F apical portion of the right mandible G temporal band. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, E, F); 0.03 mm (B); 0.3 mm (C, D, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302723">10 C, D</figureCitation>
; main disc with dorsal margin convex, with lateral arms straight, and dorsolateral corner roundly angulate; lateral margin straight and lacking pigmented spots, except in the tentorial pit; ventral margin shallowly convex; main disc moderately high, with a
<abbrev id="ABBRID0E5JBG" xlink_title="clypeal index">CLI</abbrev>
of 1.5–2.5; main disc with approximately 85 setae; ventral section strongly transverse, with dorsal and ventral margins nearly parallel. Labrum (Fig.
<figureCitation id="77430F754740522E7622DD87A11AA527" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Vespa binghami A right mandible, with the arrow indicating pits B labrum in ventrofrontal view C, D head in frontal view E labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view F apical portion of the right mandible G temporal band. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, E, F); 0.03 mm (B); 0.3 mm (C, D, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302723">10 E</figureCitation>
, left) with numerous sensory bristles widely distributed across its surface. Palate (Fig.
<figureCitation id="5053F6D4FD5DCF614982A6A96A02BCCB" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Vespa binghami A right mandible, with the arrow indicating pits B labrum in ventrofrontal view C, D head in frontal view E labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view F apical portion of the right mandible G temporal band. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, E, F); 0.03 mm (B); 0.3 mm (C, D, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302723">10 E</figureCitation>
, right) without a median patch; sclerotized patch relatively poorly developed; conical papillae dense in the proximal half of the sclerotized patch and sparser distally; spicules distributed in the medioventral part of the palate (Fig.
<figureCitation id="7616A7907961AA8A232AB0C9C6AD542A" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Vespa binghami A right mandible, with the arrow indicating pits B labrum in ventrofrontal view C, D head in frontal view E labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view F apical portion of the right mandible G temporal band. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, E, F); 0.03 mm (B); 0.3 mm (C, D, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302723">10 B, E</figureCitation>
). Mandible heavily sclerotized in the apical two-fifth portion (Fig.
<figureCitation id="51C0A43452FE69F98F0E834422EEC80E" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Vespa binghami A right mandible, with the arrow indicating pits B labrum in ventrofrontal view C, D head in frontal view E labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view F apical portion of the right mandible G temporal band. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, E, F); 0.03 mm (B); 0.3 mm (C, D, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302723">10 C</figureCitation>
), with numerous pits on the outer surface (Fig.
<figureCitation id="7F1344DABA13A561C4917AB053759394" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Vespa binghami A right mandible, with the arrow indicating pits B labrum in ventrofrontal view C, D head in frontal view E labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view F apical portion of the right mandible G temporal band. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, E, F); 0.03 mm (B); 0.3 mm (C, D, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302723">10 A</figureCitation>
). Mandibular teeth (Fig.
<figureCitation id="79FA8487C369F5C0E17FE6AF039BD313" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. Vespa binghami A right mandible, with the arrow indicating pits B labrum in ventrofrontal view C, D head in frontal view E labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view F apical portion of the right mandible G temporal band. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (A, E, F); 0.03 mm (B); 0.3 mm (C, D, G)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302723">10 F</figureCitation>
) all smooth with relatively sharp apices; teeth I and II significantly more projected than IIIa and IIIb; tooth I as large as II; tooth IIIb slightly more produced than IIIa; teeth I and II separated at an angle of 50 ° – 60 °, II and IIIa at 60 ° – 70 °, and IIIa and IIIb at 90 ° – 140 °; tooth I triangular and raised basally; bifurcation point between teeth II and IIIa deeper than the other bifurcation points. Maxilla with approximately 25 setae. Prelabium with 25‒35 setae.
</paragraph>
<caption id="2E219B5C52736203288D8D37E01F9CA2" ID-DOI="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure10" ID-arpha="59B2E826-FF3A-57AD-B100-E30AC1CBD16C" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302723" startId="F10">
<paragraph id="D6D7C79A152C97DF1D32DE77B087F512">
<label id="CAFF96E7F243E60EDC19E8C4719D9837">Figure 10.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EF5BEF62B9542D4B59A53B9015708A2D">
<taxonomicName id="A444BA65A973D1F933DE40EE6C335166" authorityName="du Buysson" authorityYear="1905" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="binghami">
<emphasis id="DB7270C9E0440F624A92DF45788EF2FB" italics="true">Vespa binghami</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="2157B58A155A3EF0219B978DC58AD6B5" bold="true">A</emphasis>
right mandible, with the arrow indicating pits
<emphasis id="891C9E9A037ED11F48A5B45ACCA512B5" bold="true">B</emphasis>
labrum in ventrofrontal view
<emphasis id="BCEE0B17A417FC82E0056A9BD25716CE" bold="true">C, D</emphasis>
head in frontal view
<emphasis id="52CBA6A1196B0ED9212FD4173F3C3F61" bold="true">E</emphasis>
labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view
<emphasis id="5DE1A8E96A25B3447F4B1A0217248AA4" bold="true">F</emphasis>
apical portion of the right mandible
<emphasis id="79D2689A1FAB42B2041D4915F1B78113" bold="true">G</emphasis>
temporal band. Scale bars: 0.1 mm (
<emphasis id="63C0881CAB073DD0E01924BAFA825FC4" bold="true">A, E, F</emphasis>
); 0.03 mm (
<emphasis id="5A2E88247BA17FA2F5B5D247815F3DE0" bold="true">B</emphasis>
); 0.3 mm (
<emphasis id="A282DFA1299AB4FA25CE620BC96C4485" bold="true">C, D, G</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="676562330E4DC570DBD9A623D2019A33">
<emphasis id="7175896B202C53978F66CEC954FFBC30" bold="true" italics="true">Body</emphasis>
(thorax and abdomen): Body
<quantity id="A2A907FD085528625DC4082BB3016D23" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.06" metricValueMax="3.1399999999999997" metricValueMin="2.98" unit="mm" value="30.6" valueMax="31.4" valueMin="29.8">29.8–31.4 mm</quantity>
in length (n = 10, mean
<quantity id="3E63463764D62B96055194135773BA4A" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.06" unit="mm" value="30.6">30.6 mm</quantity>
) and
<quantity id="FB6ADBE91F3A6D033C4D31CC3DCD8757" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
in width; integument with evenly distributed setae; sparse and short spicules near the rim of spiracles 1 and 10. Spiracles shallow; generally uniform in size, except for spiracles 1, 2, and 10, which are slightly smaller; largest spiracle
<quantity id="B670C33A7CFF81A67845B018FFE0C86A" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" unit="mm" value="0.35">0.35 mm</quantity>
in diameter; inner wall of spiracle with dense, long atrial processes; collar processes thick; spiracular rim
<quantity id="57EE48DAA30B8678576B7CDC0DFC32D9" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="mm" value="0.04">0.04 mm</quantity>
in thickness.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ELMBG" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="875EFAE71F7C47303B9AA1BB74B16B3F">
<heading id="3FCD6D8074E50E0924D88A8A76CD983D" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="894F35DD6CE73C84C8144C5955447A99">
As in
<taxonomicName id="3C6AE956957CD3FBD1D3B913525516E1" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1852" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ducalis">
<emphasis id="3A8460468E47083FFDE4BDBC0450A76C" italics="true">V. ducalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, mandibular teeth I and II are strongly developed. The temporal band, antennal rim, and mandible are more heavily pigmented compared to those in other species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E3MBG" type="material">
<paragraph id="BD7506BEC959C198F2B563F1B6B9E6BC">
<heading id="7BE5F0D2204F5730CBF6C20C1B16666F" reason="title">Specimens examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A3E04BFC47EB2D938A6671EDD30FFE72">
<materialsCitation id="442F840128BA60D6307A314557AB8341" collectingDate="2022-09-02" country="South Korea" location="Namhu-myeon" municipality="Andong-si" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">
<collectingCountry id="44047A745423036037A897B6ABBEFC4F" name="South Korea">South Korea</collectingCountry>
• 10 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="D75DE97FED29349650FE3C40A72501AD" country="South Korea" name="Gyeongbuk">Gyeongsangbuk-do</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="AF61D43BCA4043385FF8C5E5A693065C">Andong-si</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="0CD676F9FE393E2EA5DE1A217F3B969A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BE4CBE2402B6538281C5D77D5F3E4424:0CD676F9FE393E2EA5DE1A217F3B969A" country="South Korea" municipality="Andong-si" name="Namhu-myeon" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">Namhu-myeon</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EFNBG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[129.130000,36.894167]}">36 ° 52 ' 99 &quot; N, 128 ° 67 ' 48 &quot; E</named-content>
;
<date id="40C9CD0B97DFE32A6671C775D697C836" value="2022-09-02">
<collectingDate id="5091EAFC5647AFABB14FD70AB0156656" value="2022-09-02">2 Sept. 2022</collectingDate>
</date>
; Choi
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

498
data/BE/81/4C/BE814C3FEABD52A7AAEEA539783EF3A3.xml Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,498 @@
<document id="FDD0E1B688196ABCE84A5202DB16EB36" ID-DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.255.140805" ID-publisher-id="140805" URI-arpha="0AFCCFB7-46D4-5942-96A8-A0AF5257C526" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1744125324212" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Munkhtulga, Dariganga, Baasanmunkh, Shukherdorj, Nyamgerel, Nudkhuu, Park, Jong Ho, Tsegmed, Zagarjav, Tojibaev, Komiljon Sh. &amp; Choi, Hyeok Jae" docDate="2025" docId="BE814C3FEABD52A7AAEEA539783EF3A3" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 255: 51-73" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 255" docSource="https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/140805/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.phytokeys" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.phytokeys" docTitle="Astragalus oyunicus D. Munkhtulga &amp; S. Baasanmunkh 2025, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="73" masterDocId="0AFCCFB746D4594296A8A0AF5257C526" masterDocTitle="Morphological and phylogenetic analysis approach to three new species and a new section of Astragalus (Fabaceae) from Mongolia" masterLastPageNumber="73" masterPageNumber="51" pageNumber="51" updateTime="1744126175846" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="06B45104864A23EB03CD54A81BA0B851" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="1128047DC08DF0568820BB5EDDC8329E">
<mods:title id="1CF9F66C358F913DA26A381015C90557">Morphological and phylogenetic analysis approach to three new species and a new section of Astragalus (Fabaceae) from Mongolia</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="E6B3BA5B3CD5ECD40207159104F44C12" type="personal">
<mods:role id="D2F3543E375459F689F0315776C877B6">
<mods:roleTerm id="2A231733A5676945C024D38017ECD5C3">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="C975458D201F52EC3D81C4D534C17175">Munkhtulga, Dariganga</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="CCC4D6A03422FCFF01427E8356485EB9" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0175-203X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="CE2F0736F77C687CF89C536A8367BD3E">Department of Biology, School of Arts and Sciences, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar 14201, Mongolia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="598A61B7370A3563E03ABF4FE3D8881A" type="personal">
<mods:role id="1AFCBB4F4375D886E2889C47215594D7">
<mods:roleTerm id="216A3BB6B8D40FE5FB0EDB222AB4FAD2">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="4682E55817761CCA34567FBAEC1C7A45">Baasanmunkh, Shukherdorj</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="6F863BFAA7674CFB4B100E6826806069" type="ORCID">0000-0003-4224-9376</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="E32D9833EBAA66A81E744BFCD000D48A">Department of Biology and Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="62336E36DD4F9CF49B1F2DF84DEB6FF4" type="personal">
<mods:role id="09784EDE41C7CD457AD51D056872810F">
<mods:roleTerm id="45C5B1EFB32BE7AC48FB37C10F5B6029">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="4A8AA8F35C568F1698AB1867E631CAA7">Nyamgerel, Nudkhuu</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="8E3F723EFE0830263EABBC0515CD4FA4" type="ORCID">0000-0002-9110-423X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="C82E83E78D6807CCAEBB8E23102C7745">Department of Biology and Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="CCCF0ED49FB0D50F50F5481BCAF1743F" type="personal">
<mods:role id="6F112A17E1C13BA2C13B478E7410DD4A">
<mods:roleTerm id="3E1ACF450DF42F1E6FEC3BABCB6F229A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="906890892D76191708518D331B8C317C">Park, Jong Ho</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="CE67798E75E2CE5B5693B1774268FEC2" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9053-8591</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="57D6DC85BF05D2062417ACB95B4B7E9E">Department of Biology and Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="B093E4ED5FF2D74DA69264A46127E6FF" type="personal">
<mods:role id="DAB1A9DF3DD6ED1FAB4107D1909FF7B2">
<mods:roleTerm id="E4E121F3FA2B41039D02BB86680869C0">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="BD9CCB14793EF0CDE14DF524E2E095D7">Tsegmed, Zagarjav</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="4C9810D86D33F510CD4560F4F592D7B3" type="ORCID">0000-0002-6024-4918</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="AD6D7C1F2CE6C878A14EFC475D8532D4">Department of Biology and Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="277B7F1FE15D125A8EFF151B90C842FB" type="personal">
<mods:role id="2870411CFFB34531CA4535B3F7E7913A">
<mods:roleTerm id="180E257218A3D3D90C179EDAA3A6FC8B">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="54F9E9AA421F5ABABA12D7BF5FBF033C">Tojibaev, Komiljon Sh.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="0BB91EC7C29BDC341BD3069D5ADB60AB" type="ORCID">0000-0003-2846-5777</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="E246720C30FEF9FDA3F739A19B59A11A">Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, Tashkent 100125, Uzbekistan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="A3B0B1CBEF57E748580483C11FB20396" type="personal">
<mods:role id="30C2BB1DC1C6A9DECFB1D573D8754039">
<mods:roleTerm id="FBC0858B4644228A194AC57AA1338F46">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="3E8D51F83D383F730E251237FCE09BDE">Choi, Hyeok Jae</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="EBE29A67E5F4AD5547698037A171E35D" type="ORCID">0000-0001-6315-0071</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="1562C0692D9256A4F09BDEE4CDC1608B">Department of Biology and Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="21ADA04511DE02192AB16897FC12483A">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="B6CD1F2B65226C2A8F996777C29B0B02" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="AE91830B1318496DAB7F04D79B0CC627">
<mods:title id="C3B6E2DB225AB9F3EE426D05D8FBCBE8">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="E7F1465DF0FDD806ACCCFDC54E8FF1B5">
<mods:date id="5C401CBD964F36EE475A09D4FDEAE115">2025</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="B60A8998E6C958956ED5D840BD2BBE38" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="F4FBA83852B75B38D0D1EA74E200157D">2025-04-08</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="AEAC4D1DBB2F628126D34030E1232765" type="volume">
<mods:number id="1E6DFE22644E89AAC2EA44E14D3B58C2">255</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="98D3D1D55ED97E8F38CA4E09C7FAC317" unit="page">
<mods:start id="7BE8A6C81EB83FD0AFEE16A7477E9F70">51</mods:start>
<mods:end id="3604AC0076E6DA65C06B6FD389318C39">73</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="66BF83BCDED46D43797E7305AACE7CCE">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="6E896244B8542BF85607DEAFA93877CD" type="DOI">10.3897/phytokeys.255.140805</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="BE814C3FEABD52A7AAEEA539783EF3A3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15175775" ID-Zenodo-Dep="15175775" ID-arpha="BE814C3F-EABD-52A7-AAEE-A539783EF3A3" ID-ipni="urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77359973-1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BE814C3FEABD52A7AAEEA539783EF3A3" LSID-IPNI="urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77359973-1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/BE814C3FEABD52A7AAEEA539783EF3A3">
<subSubSection id="E3024FBB02C5AA7417C9FF7BE31F3CC1" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="198C7E9DBBA090FBE76C178F1EB22974">
<taxonomicName id="82FEA71A98FE0AB9E6484FBB800B5CB7" authority="D. Munkhtulga &amp; S. Baasanmunkh" authorityName="D. Munkhtulga &amp; S. Baasanmunkh" authorityYear="2025" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Astragalus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oyunicus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="65FB4F93B2F547F9B081985F1554C9B8" italics="true">Astragalus oyunicus</emphasis>
D. Munkhtulga &amp; S. Baasanmunkh
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="BEFAA097B924FB9B97CF8D45C757153B" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="5A53B4C42D345DE9C3723E424582B480" type="description">
<paragraph id="077647273F3153E3DF71B0F49A563BDD">
<figureCitation id="B6189E339E920FB94118EDBBE8AF0DFA" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. Astragalus oyunicus in Mongolia A general habit B raceme C flower D calyx E standard F wings G keel H stamens I pistil J pod K pod valve L laeve M leaflet N stipules. (Photo credits: D. Munkhtulga)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.255.140805.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302213">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ELSAI" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="EC5E793363D8E3A3175B1D8A262B1DBE">
<heading id="DA9F787B8FD3E4FCC847D74D37BE9630" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6D7B003DDE8DA4B54C02BD600A2C32A0">
The new species is close to
<taxonomicName id="2118A37D18519B6CA5C004850C7A2544" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Astragalus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gobi-altaicus">
<emphasis id="53E19FBD7513DC5C081EEE0EF357E67F" italics="true">A. gobi-altaicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but differs by its leaves having leaflet narrowly elliptic, 15–18 ×
<quantity id="D1B64EAF1D599E5AA2228646922294DA" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="4.0" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="4.0">4–7 mm</quantity>
, apex acute (vs. oblanceolate or narrowly elliptic to elliptic, 7–18 ×
<quantity id="2F1DF5DA0FD41561650B74D6C7589AB3" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" unit="mm" value="7.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="5.0">5–10 mm</quantity>
, apex mucronate) and raceme oblong to oblong-cylindrical,
<quantity id="84AB3DCDD9E7A18A46AC6529079A3EA2" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="3.0" unit="cm" value="5.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="3.0">3–8 cm</quantity>
long (vs. ovoid to oblong,
<quantity id="ACA372FD74ED27A9CC94C17172B927FA" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" unit="cm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3–4 cm</quantity>
long). It is also similar to
<taxonomicName id="290F558D50F630A0143C0FFB64FFE202" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Astragalus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laguroides">
<emphasis id="2050779C5B04423B50ADD132C5F05266" italics="true">A. laguroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in leaf shape and general habit, but differs in its stipules broadly triangular-acuminate,
<quantity id="8160AC6642353F3BA4197340A2269A8B" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" unit="mm" value="5.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="4.0">4–6 mm</quantity>
long (vs. narrowly triangular-acuminate, 5–8 (– 10) mm long) and pod densely covered with spreading white and fewer black hairs
<quantity id="F1FB8D9F7D7273AA1CB76FB3A5135845" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
(vs. covered with subappressed to spreading white hairs
<quantity id="D301C2FC443737CC14C8B607303CF1C7" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="mm" value="1.25" valueMax="1.5" valueMin="1.0">1–1.5 mm</quantity>
, smaller black hairs amount greater than the apex) (Table
<tableCitation id="194518E3FED431BF52A6A953E06D3BBF" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Morphological comparisons of five Astragalus species in Mongolia." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/E9D5498FC9505458607722D1A69E861A" tableUuid="E9D5498FC9505458607722D1A69E861A">2</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="21AB8622AC5666AD732D5B3CAB55F17E" ID-DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.255.140805.figure4" ID-arpha="BAA04AA6-18AF-51F8-8AA2-84B92FB07343" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302213" startId="F4">
<paragraph id="CBC1BCA8438B77C1BC7F18E6FC230DA6">
<label id="2D58016C43EED7886AF94C8BA958BB1C">Figure 4.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="68D515079D7EFFCCAC5CAC7EA584D06A">
<taxonomicName id="F4BFE96E5963C1C7D110228AE4B28A93" authorityName="D. Munkhtulga &amp; S. Baasanmunkh" authorityYear="2025" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Astragalus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oyunicus">
<emphasis id="17962FF01F2860183A7B8E755A144D25" italics="true">Astragalus oyunicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Mongolia
<emphasis id="6771041AE3432C684B38D231D1455A00" bold="true">A</emphasis>
general habit
<emphasis id="068C36A9B4D19D1F322E85814D9EC26D" bold="true">B</emphasis>
raceme
<emphasis id="1C822A9A858A62A8349DCCA0E9E2BE6E" bold="true">C</emphasis>
flower
<emphasis id="385353D171FFBA54A55D4DA10F34FD84" bold="true">D</emphasis>
calyx
<emphasis id="A5944D09E730CE59B78B8329ACF74810" bold="true">E</emphasis>
standard
<emphasis id="B41374C92F684F9DAE89FB7C38387761" bold="true">F</emphasis>
wings
<emphasis id="53C585D3600050A246DFAB36283DAF6A" bold="true">G</emphasis>
keel
<emphasis id="F06BB9BC5EA2B3C469615A09E28420A2" bold="true">H</emphasis>
stamens
<emphasis id="1B6B62F972274BA9BBC6E255F4D9D2E1" bold="true">I</emphasis>
pistil
<emphasis id="967A68586AB1E26E4EACB61AFCB741DA" bold="true">J</emphasis>
pod
<emphasis id="DEF520BEEDCE86E6034FFFBB98E8CA04" bold="true">K</emphasis>
pod valve
<emphasis id="53F462D9F99270B48BABCE8C4325B6CC" bold="true">L</emphasis>
laeve
<emphasis id="F4A8F98D4DF839FE86ABF115BBDE99FD" bold="true">M</emphasis>
leaflet
<emphasis id="D393B2F2F3F154F06E465A37477025DD" bold="true">N</emphasis>
stipules. (Photo credits: D. Munkhtulga).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ERVAI" type="material">
<paragraph id="CC37CEA4A2BB0DB51E4433E0D70C4F29">
<heading id="203F25A1CCEFFC3130579D3F18FA5EE4" reason="title">
<typeStatus id="EF730F6B03B1116BD4929E09A3EB052F">Type</typeStatus>
.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DA907F90CDFEE184B2A94326B906814F">
<materialsCitation id="206FFF1C5ADA9E1388B75F302DD018EF" collectingDate="2023-08-05" collectorName="B. Oyuntsetseg &amp; D. Munkhtulga" country="Mongolia" elevation="1166" latitude="46.902836" location="Bayankhutag" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="110.21442" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hentiy" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="B5A7B5C9980B87F522DC49B8854032C1" name="Mongolia">Mongolia</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="D5025059E025B4337829744602EFBB84" country="Mongolia" name="Hentiy">Khentii province</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="C86FF20C336E624BEF29FE62D6251076" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BE814C3FEABD52A7AAEEA539783EF3A3:C86FF20C336E624BEF29FE62D6251076" country="Mongolia" latitude="46.902836" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="110.21442" name="Bayankhutag" stateProvince="Hentiy">Bayankhutag</location>
soum,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E1VAI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[110.214417,46.902833]}">
<geoCoordinate id="F1DF1F7961DD399BD058A5B4BB2460CF" degrees="46" direction="north" minutes="54" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="10.2" value="46.902836">46 ° 54 ' 10.2 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="98661B6C972662DB19F8138F25BB81FD" degrees="110" direction="east" minutes="12" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="51.9" value="110.21442">110 ° 12 ' 51.9 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<quantity id="B9E591C8E7453A08ED5E37B7A67DD541" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.166" unit="m" value="1166.0">
<elevation id="24718479426D7F1F42D32FC7C8672686" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.166" unit="m" value="1166.0">1166 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="B5D4F93321B47646966F64DD8AFF1818" value="2023-08-05">
<collectingDate id="268754104BB656872EF00AD3A5733160" value="2023-08-05">05 August 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="D09BB64A716F8B8F91CEF68061E18383" italics="true">
<collectorName id="17F6A19A82C55B42A69F441CC9AAA7D5">B. Oyuntsetseg</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="E073B5DD1BB4B34487B5E67444584C49">D. Munkhtulga</collectorName>
Khen- 2023
</emphasis>
[
<typeStatus id="B949DA59AAB00C422B4807AE0DA3399D" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
UBU 0039102! (Fig.
<figureCitation id="BD9B64C3A70156078B8616FB5146FB53" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Type specimens of Astragalus species A A. uvsicus (UBU 0039100) B A. teshigicus (UBU 0002138) C A. oyunicus (UBU 0039102) D A. laguroides (BM 000632540) E A. tamiricus (LE 01017820) F A. gobi-altaicus (LE 01016096)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.255.140805.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302215">6 C</figureCitation>
)]
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="65208585FCE26BE1E453F8E6C3D4E678" collectorName="Yondon" country="Mongolia" elevation="1467" latitude="47.931194" location="Gachuurt village" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="107.13089" municipality="Bayanzurkh district" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Ulaanbaatar" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingRegion id="4E0B92C1311E6DE1B10C360B0C410D74" country="Mongolia" name="Ulaanbaatar">Ulaanbaatar</collectingRegion>
city,
<collectingMunicipality id="283E07D50ADEDDB3D53177923ECF6FBF">Bayanzurkh district</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="F4BD8BFA6FF0BB39B708B6AB41D7D0E4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BE814C3FEABD52A7AAEEA539783EF3A3:F4BD8BFA6FF0BB39B708B6AB41D7D0E4" country="Mongolia" latitude="47.931194" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="107.13089" municipality="Bayanzurkh district" name="Gachuurt village" stateProvince="Ulaanbaatar">Gachuurt village</location>
,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EIWAI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[107.130889,47.931194]}">
<geoCoordinate id="1455249B0EE845E8E1BEC1E7F93603FB" degrees="47" direction="north" minutes="55" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="52.3" value="47.931194">47 ° 55 ' 52.3 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="BBE1C1B09651D84E5FB860EC6F219010" degrees="107" direction="east" minutes="07" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="51.2" value="107.13089">107 ° 07 ' 51.2 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<quantity id="4B227E0544932D02A5E934889811BC88" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4669999999999999" unit="m" value="1467.0">
<elevation id="B22E1CB4E7008F213AE71C70ECF4BF15" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4669999999999999" unit="m" value="1467.0">1467 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<emphasis id="002FD6E885EB77A2545ECB2DBF413B18" italics="true">
<collectorName id="105AAC01A97B4843F35AEC7A0B5823C7">Yondon</collectorName>
</emphasis>
[
<typeStatus id="0E9319646CF6577D9BE110ADD2E3F73A" type="isotype">Isotype</typeStatus>
UBU 0034202!]
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EUWAI" type="description">
<paragraph id="EE7C811DBD886A7E395709F3E5C40C91">
<heading id="6E87B7F0B838E2E52DED3FC98F6678DD" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1C9F59695AF9A60F1386E9CCCCA00A81">
Plants perennial,
<quantity id="5B10D844224306163963B46A7D584642" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="0.5" unit="cm" value="10.0" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="5.0">5-15 cm</quantity>
tall, acaulescens, in vegetative parts covered with ± medifixed, appressed white hairs c.
<quantity id="192E27076F9442252BDC16167002BA61" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
. Rootstock divided with short to elongated blackish brown branches. Stipules broadly triangular-acuminate,
<quantity id="DCF5A8966B62AFCB08A0710C987FA41E" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" unit="mm" value="5.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="4.0">4-6 mm</quantity>
, shortly adnate to the petiole, otherwise free from each other, densely covered with hairs up to
<quantity id="5387B3A78E92D8EB3A6655B4B6837B61" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
, at the margins also with basifixed hairs. Leaves 5-12 (- 15) cm; petiole
<quantity id="6C2E8855F73F09EB6AFB2085533F3AF1" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" unit="cm" value="3.0" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.0">2-4 cm</quantity>
, like the rachis covered with medifixed, appressed hairs. Leaflets in 3-5 pairs, narrowly elliptic, 15-18 ×
<quantity id="92513A7FB51E69A2AA4123620A093A73" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="4.0" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="4.0">4-7 mm</quantity>
, on both sides densely hairy, apex acute. Peduncles
<quantity id="27FE5ADC9DEE835353829980CA929CE5" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="3.0" unit="cm" value="5.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="3.0">3-7 cm</quantity>
, rather densely to densely covered with symmetrically to asymmetrically bifurcate, flexuose, subappressed white hairs. Racemes ovoid to oblong
<quantity id="0609C3A5A7150903D00D880EB2A261A8" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" unit="cm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3-4 cm</quantity>
long. Bracts whitish,
<quantity id="1384576EECF1029A23BE11108FDE80B9" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="5.0">5-6 mm</quantity>
, narrowly triangular, with strongly asymmetrically bifurcate, ± spreading white hairs. Calyx at beginning of anthesis tubular, later on ovoid-inflated,
<quantity id="463C68B3486E13D369B798D9EDBACDC8" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="mm" value="11.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="10.0">10-12 mm</quantity>
long, covered with basifixed, spreading, straight white and fewer black hairs
<quantity id="85C9152A02925FAB44269D2BEE3A8E52" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1-2 mm</quantity>
; teeth subulate,
<quantity id="F3809148A2EFEF2717A5911DEBAA2E85" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2-3 mm</quantity>
. Petals violet. Standard
<quantity id="23DCB2CF783977E1120DBC2DFFAD8E42" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.8" unit="mm" value="19.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="18.0">18-20 mm</quantity>
; blade
<quantity id="D7FB71EF2E77FF98145E35BE7A942BD1" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="5.0">5-6 mm</quantity>
wide, obovate, slightly constricted in the middle, emarginate, at the base gradually narrowed. Wings
<quantity id="66BE7124A52C31F25E95BBC22F69053B" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.4" unit="mm" value="15.0" valueMax="16.0" valueMin="14.0">14-16 mm</quantity>
; blades narrowly oblong, obtuse, 5.5-6.5 ×
<quantity id="B290AA77E472E0FC41E16C32B917B11D" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.0" unit="mm" value="2.25" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="2.0">2-2.5 mm</quantity>
; auricle c.
<quantity id="ADBB4009BA5A730314E7B2FEB80D2108" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
; claw c.
<quantity id="D41BA67182F5D1D78313D52A45F5E2CB" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" unit="mm" value="9.0">9 mm</quantity>
. Keel
<quantity id="D9FD1A3E1537F3EB9A7D313FA5EA4F35" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.2" unit="mm" value="13.0" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="12.0">12-14 mm</quantity>
; blades 4-4.5 ×
<quantity id="C93CDA525623B19DE3780FB2C4E99880" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
; claw
<quantity id="8DE3A39178E5891ED7AC2E78933E1F67" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.25" metricValueMax="8.5" metricValueMin="8.0" unit="mm" value="8.25" valueMax="8.5" valueMin="8.0">8-8.5 mm</quantity>
. Ovary sessile. Legumes enclosed in the calyx, 6-7 ×
<quantity id="D1D2951D0B83A610666FCCE99D7B2B31" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3-4 mm</quantity>
, with a hooked beak c.
<quantity id="68A63C09AD7AD5B5143A1ECA001B86B3" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
, unilocular; densely covered with spreading white and fewer black hairs c.
<quantity id="7D74439E6492393B77F14F99173CD023" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EZWAI" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="E13FD3D4CFE1E7632FE3BF7252E4525C">
<heading id="90D8A43CA600F6163264771635FC33A6" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="682993E67239475AC8B0F47805B7BE6B">
Endemic to
<collectingCountry id="ADC318E0B3D20D1A38088C1D7A76174C" name="Mongolia">Mongolia</collectingCountry>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="AB342E14BF217246068CF081756DA331" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Distribution map of the studied Astragalus species from the sections Laguropsis and Uvsicus in Mongolia." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.255.140805.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302218">9</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EDXAI" type="habitat">
<paragraph id="C26A6A12650FB482D3AFAD8F4BD2975B">
<heading id="D80BE62DA6C14ADBA6D96BBF6AD68F7A" reason="title">Habitat.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BA71935B4949DC80B416EA3A7442FBFA">This species grows in stony mountain slopes and low isolated rounded hills of the steppe region.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EIXAI" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="DB9D4A5E379C6087B959CC95804FDAF2">
<heading id="F7CFA835D6D8AAFB0CBFB53E7FA0C5C4" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F89D11DEAB0E3976B05AC48F27D0C63C">
The species is named after Prof. Batlai Oyuntsetseg who is a botanist in
<collectingCountry id="9728FD23408931513167A01D3F586FAC" name="Mongolia">Mongolia</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ENXAI" type="material">
<paragraph id="4EF96A1F1C6253112318EE461FC99572">
<heading id="671385237B8AE459206CE269680F639A" reason="title">Additional specimens examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="79173FC6F54E144C078C6EE431D48351">
<materialsCitation id="2332F1829C569B9092E6ED59D666885F" country="Mongolia" location="Mongolian Dauria region" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="310E31E316BB6072C871E3D284683E54" name="Mongolia">Mongolia</collectingCountry>
.
<location id="836A51BD24297E1A322364C74BC39171" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BE814C3FEABD52A7AAEEA539783EF3A3:836A51BD24297E1A322364C74BC39171" country="Mongolia" name="Mongolian Dauria region">Mongolian Dauria region</location>
</materialsCitation>
: •
<materialsCitation id="8F9FD2C46960FC251CCD3889481881A6" collectingDate="1963-08-23" country="Mongolia" location="Zuun" municipality="Chingeltei district" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Ulaanbaatar">
<collectingRegion id="36D9BEFFCFE1E098404398FF37ACCE87" country="Mongolia" name="Ulaanbaatar">Ulaanbaatar</collectingRegion>
city,
<collectingMunicipality id="F25141F3B1368E4A4FF304C3A2416BFA">Chingeltei district</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="400C4BA72C1CA9170933FB1146EAF0DB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BE814C3FEABD52A7AAEEA539783EF3A3:400C4BA72C1CA9170933FB1146EAF0DB" country="Mongolia" municipality="Chingeltei district" name="Zuun" stateProvince="Ulaanbaatar">Zuun</location>
salaa,
<date id="C12F32C4A39B9FFE02CB14330B0A0B74" value="1963-08-23">
<collectingDate id="E61A6D91E38F541427395482A343AF46" value="1963-08-23">23 August 1963</collectingDate>
</date>
(UBU 0032447)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="968F60981826092F353554CE051283BA" collectingDate="1967-07-25" collectorName="L. Purevsuren" country="Mongolia" location="Narangiin" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Ulaanbaatar">
<collectingRegion id="8E9189DEE1D08E236D2A0AD1C12A68B0" country="Mongolia" name="Ulaanbaatar">Ulaanbaatar</collectingRegion>
city,
<location id="B821E30E8F3E6D287A7E1EC33E170BE4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BE814C3FEABD52A7AAEEA539783EF3A3:B821E30E8F3E6D287A7E1EC33E170BE4" country="Mongolia" name="Narangiin" stateProvince="Ulaanbaatar">Narangiin</location>
enger,
<date id="FA5AF9EE1C3F2F3B52983A491B539BF3" value="1967-07-25">
<collectingDate id="7D733D937538AC69AFC93ABE7454949D" value="1967-07-25">25 July 1967</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="F43CBC2B0F19B38E2B5ED2758D84BC7C" italics="true">
<collectorName id="49B5E7F62EC5D25CF421943F82E34E39">L. Purevsuren</collectorName>
</emphasis>
(UBU 0026331, UBU 0026338)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="759D5D5FA7290E00050A1D01682613EE" collectingDate="1967-08-10" collectorName="Tsogoo" country="Mongolia" county="Songinokhairkhan district" location="Narangiin" municipality="Tolgoit" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Ulaanbaatar">
<collectingRegion id="9F3AE48A3758FFC05B1C709C2F08FE9B" country="Mongolia" name="Ulaanbaatar">Ulaanbaatar</collectingRegion>
city,
<collectingCounty id="3B2942F5CE1DCC94E8CAD377C702A789">Songinokhairkhan district</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="998BD89552849A73A83937BA1FF9F673">Tolgoit</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="04A213DCED47DB2565BA04B78BBECD75" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BE814C3FEABD52A7AAEEA539783EF3A3:04A213DCED47DB2565BA04B78BBECD75" country="Mongolia" county="Songinokhairkhan district" municipality="Tolgoit" name="Narangiin" stateProvince="Ulaanbaatar">Narangiin</location>
enger,
<date id="83A855317AE2B455B417EEE09C2A0798" value="1967-08-10">
<collectingDate id="E704E0F0BE6B3F6C86D3973686F7C69C" value="1967-08-10">10 August 1967</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="D04B383930E51A9A629D5FF5591FBDAC" italics="true">
<collectorName id="C06C255D0E0E8A4613D06B2A803AD438">Tsogoo</collectorName>
</emphasis>
(UBU 0026224, UBU 0032448, UBU 0032449, UBU 0039988 - UBU 0039990)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="7517B507E1D81477CE1AB579A5EFEF99" collectingDate="1979-07-07" collectionCode="UBA" collectorName="V. I. Grubov &amp; A. Mundaashev" country="Mongolia" location="Kherlen river" municipality="Jargalant Khan" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hentiy">
<collectingRegion id="3A232D1BA7139E19B66C77D75E7ECE22" country="Mongolia" name="Hentiy">Khentii province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="67999A9F086969C15CBC2020B9E2382E">Jargalant Khan</collectingMunicipality>
soum,
<location id="2F1CF04133EBBC70F1E02FEF6BBEC243" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BE814C3FEABD52A7AAEEA539783EF3A3:2F1CF04133EBBC70F1E02FEF6BBEC243" country="Mongolia" municipality="Jargalant Khan" name="Kherlen river" stateProvince="Hentiy">Kherlen river</location>
,
<date id="81E4385AEA70FE603E16221DB78B8449" value="1979-07-07">
<collectingDate id="DD1DB2442554062D192191185CEC60D0" value="1979-07-07">07 July 1979</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="8318851E5DB4C6C10B0F747115347545" italics="true">
<collectorName id="79A44641174154EEBD4E89BF47CB7483">V. I. Grubov</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="BA074D28D5E9E9DFA411664BCB8A3D58">A. Mundaashev</collectorName>
321
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="CCC2F01E071555E22BAEBBA246C92981" country="Mongolia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13598" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13598" name="Mongolian Academy of Sciences" type="Herbarium">UBA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="62CFF42486FF07785FC3F88F2E68E103" collectingDate="2021-06-06" collectorName="B. Oyuntsetseg &amp; A. Anudari" country="Mongolia" elevation="1520" latitude="48.016666" location="Shadivlan" longLatPrecision="18" longitude="106.900276" municipality="Chingeltei district" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Ulaanbaatar">
<collectingRegion id="D3A922E076B54DCA57CCD371FC1A6F52" country="Mongolia" name="Ulaanbaatar">Ulaanbaatar</collectingRegion>
city,
<collectingMunicipality id="F98E9EF060B872A525080621CEE291DC">Chingeltei district</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="D825B5E8E1D08709E49DB5426ECA7DB3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BE814C3FEABD52A7AAEEA539783EF3A3:D825B5E8E1D08709E49DB5426ECA7DB3" country="Mongolia" latitude="48.016666" longLatPrecision="18" longitude="106.900276" municipality="Chingeltei district" name="Shadivlan" stateProvince="Ulaanbaatar">Shadivlan</location>
,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EBYAI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[106.900278,48.016667]}">
<geoCoordinate id="81204178603F5A9CFC89C01A43731EEF" degrees="48" direction="north" minutes="01" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="00" value="48.016666">48 ° 01 ' 00 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="C1347D9E56BC18758FADFCB2108319C6" degrees="106" direction="east" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="01" value="106.900276">106 ° 54 ' 01 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<quantity id="7DA93248810C432F0BDFC2E17EE7318D" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.52" unit="m" value="1520.0">
<elevation id="B2468DB01552152F9ACABFFD5743B270" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.52" unit="m" value="1520.0">1520 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="004B1A6AF179C85A71EE92D7B272BE96" value="2021-06-06">
<collectingDate id="10CA43A5D07B094A5C05B350BC59FD76" value="2021-06-06">06 June 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="994BBC9C3644FBE0AF55AD2C5C329E7B" italics="true">
<collectorName id="15FD43F99C755675FB9AD1A62FCF7792">B. Oyuntsetseg</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="04C53989584BF1BD4B01835A8ACEB08B">A. Anudari</collectorName>
</emphasis>
(UBU 0014416)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="58935BE9981ADE91B4AE11F42BD83861" collectingDate="1976-07-22" collectorName="Tumurtogoo" country="Mongolia" county="Middle Khalkh region" location="Ikher-Ukhaa" municipality="Buren" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Tov">
<collectingCounty id="F9C1F779E2401A8471D5F6D2648D559B">Middle Khalkh region</collectingCounty>
:
<collectingRegion id="1342E1908213D8602AAC95A65A80577B" country="Mongolia" name="Tov">Tuv province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="1A7985A057E837FA2EAF8DE8704A8775">Buren</collectingMunicipality>
soum,
<location id="66EEF91F15E2B0ED272BAB3CD2CB5780" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BE814C3FEABD52A7AAEEA539783EF3A3:66EEF91F15E2B0ED272BAB3CD2CB5780" country="Mongolia" county="Middle Khalkh region" municipality="Buren" name="Ikher-Ukhaa" stateProvince="Tov">Ikher-Ukhaa</location>
,
<date id="BAB0995A0CC1CB8E8A64DC4BB8BBD766" value="1976-07-22">
<collectingDate id="E138802045477E99620A2D5D61770134" value="1976-07-22">22 July 1976</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="71F65B2521F38EB712D040D1F8811562" italics="true">
<collectorName id="E0067F85E8C540405192EDAEFF48C6A5">Tumurtogoo</collectorName>
</emphasis>
(UBU 0039987)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="44606EE26062C11C47C672B77C915AF3" collectingDate="1992-07-23" collectorName="B. Oyuntsetseg &amp; Oyunchimeg" country="Mongolia" location="Sumber" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Govisumber">
<collectingRegion id="40985D9FE7098A73C08708B60FE6F671" country="Mongolia" name="Govisumber">Govisumber province</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="AD922194ABFCD122140BEE536B3B3514" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BE814C3FEABD52A7AAEEA539783EF3A3:AD922194ABFCD122140BEE536B3B3514" country="Mongolia" name="Sumber" stateProvince="Govisumber">Sumber</location>
soum,
<date id="22FD34ECF370667F1CF1B381250EF15D" value="1992-07-23">
<collectingDate id="F631718A437AE6DDE3FB59497829C9FF" value="1992-07-23">23 July 1992</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="87755C9358B04CB9C1CF45CEEF16D46B" italics="true">
<collectorName id="0164BE10E1F16F95EE4E42F5EA35EE9F">B. Oyuntsetseg</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="814FD7E8680093FA24006F5A7FB18C18">Oyunchimeg</collectorName>
</emphasis>
(UBU 0031855)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="FC0B2DD8B82E002B3CBD726DED090A37" collectingDate="2020-05-28" collectorName="D. Munkhtulga" country="Mongolia" elevation="1459" latitude="47.708336" location="Batkhairkhan mountain" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="109.093" municipality="Tsenkhermandal" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Hentiy">
<collectingRegion id="0F942A559EB3B43868ED49B62FDD39C9" country="Mongolia" name="Hentiy">Khentii province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="55BE25A00754010CAE28FB10D4D94D19">Tsenkhermandal</collectingMunicipality>
soum,
<location id="0585345227335D304C6096A5F8B274ED" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:BE814C3FEABD52A7AAEEA539783EF3A3:0585345227335D304C6096A5F8B274ED" country="Mongolia" latitude="47.708336" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="109.093" municipality="Tsenkhermandal" name="Batkhairkhan mountain" stateProvince="Hentiy">Batkhairkhan mountain</location>
,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EUYAI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[109.093000,47.708333]}">
<geoCoordinate id="0FE745BE75DFD98BAA72A777E5F73384" degrees="47" direction="north" minutes="42" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="30" value="47.708336">47 ° 42 ' 30 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="DEDD7AC7D546445CC8A0CFBE98EA8766" degrees="109" direction="east" minutes="05" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="34.8" value="109.093">109 ° 05 ' 34.8 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<quantity id="E3E51178A87B7B82848777F78AA43BDA" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.459" unit="m" value="1459.0">
<elevation id="34612C26961A2E97C2DE7F8E8B13D238" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.459" unit="m" value="1459.0">1459 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="266CAF09A2A05124EDB85A50B7818670" value="2020-05-28">
<collectingDate id="5EA2BFFE4E6E46001842B7190A93768D" value="2020-05-28">28 May 2020</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="D961ED8C05CA7DEB59B2BDA0C3DE10FF" italics="true">
<collectorName id="8E977885F4808170DE31FEFFDA74398C">D. Munkhtulga</collectorName>
</emphasis>
(UBU 0031854)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

433
data/CD/21/36/CD21361E04F15A3EAE06AC62D19F0AC2.xml Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,433 @@
<document id="570B1E558E14476A8360574B43A18335" ID-DOI="10.3897/jhr.98.141572" ID-ZooBank="57580D57-10C7-4FE2-A997-624E3CE20BE5" ID-publisher-id="141572" URI-arpha="58DE049E-D024-5282-A795-0E588202618E" URI-zoobank="http://zoobank.org/57580D57-10C7-4FE2-A997-624E3CE20BE5" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1744125335037" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Kim, Jaehee, Kwon, Oh-Seok, Yamane, Seiki &amp; Choi, Moon Bo" docDate="2025" docId="CD21361E04F15A3EAE06AC62D19F0AC2" docLanguage="en" docName="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 98: 435-465" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 98" docSource="https://jhr.pensoft.net/article/141572/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docTitle="Vespa crabro subsp. flavofasciata Cameron 1903" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="465" masterDocId="58DE049ED0245282A7950E588202618E" masterDocTitle="Comparative morphological analysis of mature larvae of eight Vespa Linnaeus, 1758 species (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) in South Korea" masterLastPageNumber="465" masterPageNumber="435" pageNumber="435" updateTime="1744126111890" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="5873AC58A629E66CEBAC8E96B1822121" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="1E5A279A022A109E4001A3C3F8556E00">
<mods:title id="CEE8BB8B3C572FFF1B3F144C73098043">Comparative morphological analysis of mature larvae of eight Vespa Linnaeus, 1758 species (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) in South Korea</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="0681366EEED13588279BF3AE8751E78C" type="personal">
<mods:role id="8E8ADC720ACFB287D493431FEF9FCC49">
<mods:roleTerm id="4A2BC063BCE7F6E0EE8DEFD0B7FD5A7F">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="87D270CF99E23C4A1AAA21A0B5DF9FF0">Kim, Jaehee</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="27A310B212BB08EC4E86106D7A2C0C37" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4211-4232</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="302302F399B51E00D8D56A839C0A4F90">Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="7BBE284675B2795B752772CAC23F6B43" type="personal">
<mods:role id="22FE4F4BFC3B2AFC324061B700256511">
<mods:roleTerm id="2896DEF7CDD50205A7BF4023F27F3503">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="B58AF39CBB9F5EBE1519678587C6337B">Kwon, Oh-Seok</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E5201F1A3055C98C89150F34869F8370" type="ORCID">0000-0001-9075-3994</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="B96ABD16522548EC1E49D2B5B49DB32B">Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="528854479607D2E9AE50E938F68413FD" type="personal">
<mods:role id="EBF2CE1E287AA0A51ABADAB7E2AA17AE">
<mods:roleTerm id="7473666F62D19CD06FE6DB78053058AC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="CEA414DF7F7EA041B33F9ACC8528D03E">Yamane, Seiki</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="E905DA2DE307B20123AA3E55F0EB2436">Department of Plant Medicine, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="E60CCBA89A800A7410017734B72EE3E7" type="personal">
<mods:role id="7DC7EF6223C92B7F2CEB1ADA399E0264">
<mods:roleTerm id="9BE8FBFD2EEBF9D080886D687507DA48">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="FE57D70ECB4365A28FA057D4F2608D85">Choi, Moon Bo</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="41A63D7E5E68DBAE755B184A1333A203" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7742-3704</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="59F65971D5F06915F3B5976AD339520B">Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="F0392983C07C377E582C7167C82C25C5">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="7CDE85735DC9C8B3455FEE37801A1149" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="42403C88408C23750F9B98325DCD80FE">
<mods:title id="7A7B4248D06CF54E5F8CDCF3BA02745B">Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="257D1E52D56087A43B91284A5F800534">
<mods:date id="E568DC62393448516D6735916F62802B">2025</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="40A889E357149071772BE7BF5A0E80FA" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="724EE6998446464DEFEAD4F0E0AE5B9C">2025-04-08</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="AA924E2AF884F1722D38D66202317996" type="volume">
<mods:number id="428E08ABDF95DA6B948A5A024E2038DF">98</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="EF9620782920D9B1CC4EE71156D0483A" unit="page">
<mods:start id="73BF93EA9ED28BBA49F44380E3B672E2">435</mods:start>
<mods:end id="A26C39BDE444BA4D6771EC0A13F64BF1">465</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="D10AF73E475CED6B3FE11D21D8602FE9">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="F542F787B2F4408910537F450B7CA128" type="DOI">10.3897/jhr.98.141572</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="C34C6B66A917CAE7BEF7A552F5601A4E" type="ZooBank">57580D57-10C7-4FE2-A997-624E3CE20BE5</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="CD21361E04F15A3EAE06AC62D19F0AC2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15175756" ID-Zenodo-Dep="15175756" ID-arpha="CD21361E-04F1-5A3E-AE06-AC62D19F0AC2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CD21361E04F15A3EAE06AC62D19F0AC2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/CD21361E04F15A3EAE06AC62D19F0AC2">
<subSubSection id="05E0D307B55F52992C8944FDB9978512" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="18779B98E1202CCCC15893FA118AE83B">
<taxonomicName id="60F54C4ABE67E77C1912244040766E13" ID-CoL="7FRD9" authority="Cameron, 1903" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="crabro" subSpecies="flavofasciata">
<emphasis id="A0C0DE1429E799BBC4CD3A30C7AA6429" italics="true">Vespa crabro flavofasciata</emphasis>
Cameron, 1903
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EYZAE" type="description">
<paragraph id="AA6418B4D3CFA66F0269C2DE2A098FE5">
<heading id="C40F2CDBF9D98F619E83B95B5596BF61" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4F23F9F71E1834A63E9A7BCFA2B98019">
<emphasis id="3B4E0911C86D5BBCC3B7EE8D2E10D6A4" bold="true" italics="true">Head</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="077ACD2602E079313FCE06D2113CE2B2" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Vespa crabro flavofasciata A outer surface of the mandible B medioventral portion of the palate, showing minute spicules located on the conical papilla (indicated by an arrow) C, D clypeus in frontal view, highlighting pigmented spots on its dorsal and lateral margins E, F head in frontal view G labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view H two types of mandibular teeth. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A, B); 0.3 mm (C – F, I); 0.1 mm (G, H)" figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302718">5</figureCitation>
):
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EH1AE" xlink_title="cranial width/mouthpart width ratio">
CW /
<collectionCode id="BB86C2A130B5F1CE35663EC72B241F74" country="Netherlands" name="Museum Wasmann">MW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
= 1.56–1.75 (n = 40, mean 1.66). Cranium with moderately strong, irregular rugo-reticulation, with the ventral area between the lateral margin of the clypeus and the outer margin of the cranium lacking this rugo-reticulation. Antenna positioned nearly at the level of the dorsal margin of the clypeus (Fig.
<figureCitation id="FCD891DC2570D020DF73A79DCD74ED10" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Vespa crabro flavofasciata A outer surface of the mandible B medioventral portion of the palate, showing minute spicules located on the conical papilla (indicated by an arrow) C, D clypeus in frontal view, highlighting pigmented spots on its dorsal and lateral margins E, F head in frontal view G labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view H two types of mandibular teeth. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A, B); 0.3 mm (C – F, I); 0.1 mm (G, H)" figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302718">5 E, F</figureCitation>
) with a distinctly sclerotized rim (Fig.
<figureCitation id="A554B3F547BA306BCC64E5C5352A5AEF" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Vespa crabro flavofasciata A outer surface of the mandible B medioventral portion of the palate, showing minute spicules located on the conical papilla (indicated by an arrow) C, D clypeus in frontal view, highlighting pigmented spots on its dorsal and lateral margins E, F head in frontal view G labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view H two types of mandibular teeth. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A, B); 0.3 mm (C – F, I); 0.1 mm (G, H)" figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302718">5 E</figureCitation>
) and a diameter of
<quantity id="4D6E3F7F347F3087C93D8BB2D2C8B7E9" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" unit="mm" value="0.09">0.09 mm</quantity>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="A29D6982FE737D0D5B9F2545D905E802" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Vespa crabro flavofasciata A outer surface of the mandible B medioventral portion of the palate, showing minute spicules located on the conical papilla (indicated by an arrow) C, D clypeus in frontal view, highlighting pigmented spots on its dorsal and lateral margins E, F head in frontal view G labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view H two types of mandibular teeth. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A, B); 0.3 mm (C – F, I); 0.1 mm (G, H)" figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302718">5 E, F</figureCitation>
). Temporal band (Fig.
<figureCitation id="7F540D08E3DCC3F52B448CA10618A48E" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Vespa crabro flavofasciata A outer surface of the mandible B medioventral portion of the palate, showing minute spicules located on the conical papilla (indicated by an arrow) C, D clypeus in frontal view, highlighting pigmented spots on its dorsal and lateral margins E, F head in frontal view G labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view H two types of mandibular teeth. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A, B); 0.3 mm (C – F, I); 0.1 mm (G, H)" figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302718">5 I</figureCitation>
) with moderately defined lateral margins and a heavily margined dorsal edge, with moderate ferruginous pigmentation in the inner area, except for the ventral one-fifth region; ventral extremity positioned lower than the dorsal margin of the antenna (Fig.
<figureCitation id="46ED40490244C8F3C7C909712002EC2F" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Vespa crabro flavofasciata A outer surface of the mandible B medioventral portion of the palate, showing minute spicules located on the conical papilla (indicated by an arrow) C, D clypeus in frontal view, highlighting pigmented spots on its dorsal and lateral margins E, F head in frontal view G labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view H two types of mandibular teeth. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A, B); 0.3 mm (C – F, I); 0.1 mm (G, H)" figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302718">5 F</figureCitation>
). Faint dotted patches on the frons, with a few setae located around the frontal suture and fewer than 15 setae on other areas of the frons. Paired suprafrontal marks well defined (Fig.
<figureCitation id="2551B39CE2A284B39314956FC79043FC" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Vespa crabro flavofasciata A outer surface of the mandible B medioventral portion of the palate, showing minute spicules located on the conical papilla (indicated by an arrow) C, D clypeus in frontal view, highlighting pigmented spots on its dorsal and lateral margins E, F head in frontal view G labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view H two types of mandibular teeth. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A, B); 0.3 mm (C – F, I); 0.1 mm (G, H)" figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302718">5 F</figureCitation>
). Clypeus width slightly exceeds the minimum distance between the antennae (Fig.
<figureCitation id="0E97DC162740CEEB65D89D0D32CED88D" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Vespa crabro flavofasciata A outer surface of the mandible B medioventral portion of the palate, showing minute spicules located on the conical papilla (indicated by an arrow) C, D clypeus in frontal view, highlighting pigmented spots on its dorsal and lateral margins E, F head in frontal view G labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view H two types of mandibular teeth. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A, B); 0.3 mm (C – F, I); 0.1 mm (G, H)" figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302718">5 F</figureCitation>
). Main disc with a broadly and roundly convex dorsal margin, merging with the lateral margin without separation from the latter; pigmented spots present along the margins except at the labroclypeal suture, with (Fig.
<figureCitation id="BF8C3A81F047E6935CF356B93EA898BF" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Vespa crabro flavofasciata A outer surface of the mandible B medioventral portion of the palate, showing minute spicules located on the conical papilla (indicated by an arrow) C, D clypeus in frontal view, highlighting pigmented spots on its dorsal and lateral margins E, F head in frontal view G labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view H two types of mandibular teeth. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A, B); 0.3 mm (C – F, I); 0.1 mm (G, H)" figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302718">5 C – E</figureCitation>
). Main disc relatively high, with a
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EL2AE" xlink_title="clypeal index">CLI</abbrev>
of 1.5–3; main disc with approximately 80 setae; ventral section strongly transverse. Labrum (Fig.
<figureCitation id="CF29565EB5C411E7E05ADD5F4258866D" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Vespa crabro flavofasciata A outer surface of the mandible B medioventral portion of the palate, showing minute spicules located on the conical papilla (indicated by an arrow) C, D clypeus in frontal view, highlighting pigmented spots on its dorsal and lateral margins E, F head in frontal view G labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view H two types of mandibular teeth. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A, B); 0.3 mm (C – F, I); 0.1 mm (G, H)" figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302718">5 G</figureCitation>
, left) densely covered with small processes. Palate (Fig.
<figureCitation id="75129C5C7F3EDF80578E954C4A965880" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Vespa crabro flavofasciata A outer surface of the mandible B medioventral portion of the palate, showing minute spicules located on the conical papilla (indicated by an arrow) C, D clypeus in frontal view, highlighting pigmented spots on its dorsal and lateral margins E, F head in frontal view G labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view H two types of mandibular teeth. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A, B); 0.3 mm (C – F, I); 0.1 mm (G, H)" figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302718">5 G</figureCitation>
, right) with a large median patch; sclerotized patch dark, proximally wide, and narrowing distally, with conical papillae present in the proximal half; conical papillae also present in the ventral area of the palate; largest conical papillae
<quantity id="788EAD5F9F02F7994CF450456B33E37D" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="mm" value="0.02">0.02 mm</quantity>
in diameter; spicules widely distributed in the medioventral region and dorsally along the lateral margin, and interspersed among the conical papillae (Fig.
<figureCitation id="DCC03C92598B387E1265BADEE970DFD8" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Vespa crabro flavofasciata A outer surface of the mandible B medioventral portion of the palate, showing minute spicules located on the conical papilla (indicated by an arrow) C, D clypeus in frontal view, highlighting pigmented spots on its dorsal and lateral margins E, F head in frontal view G labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view H two types of mandibular teeth. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A, B); 0.3 mm (C – F, I); 0.1 mm (G, H)" figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302718">5 B</figureCitation>
). Mandible (Fig.
<figureCitation id="770CE6850AB4CF352C3FFEE4EA5160BB" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Vespa crabro flavofasciata A outer surface of the mandible B medioventral portion of the palate, showing minute spicules located on the conical papilla (indicated by an arrow) C, D clypeus in frontal view, highlighting pigmented spots on its dorsal and lateral margins E, F head in frontal view G labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view H two types of mandibular teeth. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A, B); 0.3 mm (C – F, I); 0.1 mm (G, H)" figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302718">5 A, E, H</figureCitation>
) with a heavily sclerotized apical third, with the entire surface containing numerous shallow pits (Fig.
<figureCitation id="B1F17B6C95EC7618CE2258533578A48A" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Vespa crabro flavofasciata A outer surface of the mandible B medioventral portion of the palate, showing minute spicules located on the conical papilla (indicated by an arrow) C, D clypeus in frontal view, highlighting pigmented spots on its dorsal and lateral margins E, F head in frontal view G labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view H two types of mandibular teeth. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A, B); 0.3 mm (C – F, I); 0.1 mm (G, H)" figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302718">5 A</figureCitation>
). Mandibular teeth I and II distinctly projected in comparison to tooth III. Tooth I similar in size to or slightly more produced than tooth II, while IIIa similar to or smaller than IIIb; teeth I and II separated at an angle of 50 ° – 70 °, II and IIIa at 45 ° – 80 °, and IIIa and IIIb at 80 ° – 105 ° (
<typeStatus id="37F0841A90688F151A86339CDD515E38">Type</typeStatus>
A) or 90 ° – 135 ° (
<typeStatus id="A011BE2650EC937564A6B40DF28A11E8">Type</typeStatus>
B, similar to the condition in
<taxonomicName id="3050F936E6FA7BDE5AC2502E86002641" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1852" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ducalis">
<emphasis id="87345D68041FC59CA2ABBF3075E0431D" italics="true">V. ducalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); tooth I apically blunt and tooth II with a sharper apex (
<typeStatus id="D75907FBBBDC6DD98DB453231901E72F">Type</typeStatus>
A); tooth II with a smooth dorsal margin and gibbous ventral margin; bifurcation point between teeth II and IIIa deeper than the other bifurcation points. Maxilla with 25‒30 setae. Prelabium with approximately 25 setae.
</paragraph>
<caption id="8B5E00876C1FF2E126DD6B235A29A3C6" ID-DOI="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure5" ID-arpha="0EBA5382-BFB0-584F-AE9F-524532AC7155" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302718" startId="F5">
<paragraph id="811EAE2008E56F7B8B41DA02823DDED7">
<label id="9B37AC1C0F984B17A1B1B237320D06EC">Figure 5.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="31DB3F26A18D7CD546FA2E9643EC9338">
<taxonomicName id="78306CE7C90ED725DDBAFB8EC2B8A7FE" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="crabro" subSpecies="flavofasciata">
<emphasis id="DC50FE073BB1D73B8DEEA40FDA7DCD29" italics="true">Vespa crabro flavofasciata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="1D4B687376B1F61B94A206614A96B4E6" bold="true">A</emphasis>
outer surface of the mandible
<emphasis id="270DA371DA2693C519FB15D4BF6B29DA" bold="true">B</emphasis>
medioventral portion of the palate, showing minute spicules located on the conical papilla (indicated by an arrow)
<emphasis id="09DB481ACA5C3A1EE2ED22EFF8B25163" bold="true">C, D</emphasis>
clypeus in frontal view, highlighting pigmented spots on its dorsal and lateral margins
<emphasis id="87D957970A44585B767857CF87FB921B" bold="true">E, F</emphasis>
head in frontal view
<emphasis id="AB990B08377BF91B206331732FD1FB39" bold="true">G</emphasis>
labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view
<emphasis id="07EC3159C831BE37D5A5E21DDE0C8354" bold="true">H</emphasis>
two types of mandibular teeth. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (
<emphasis id="07DDE133C1AE36EA622AF81155698904" bold="true">A, B</emphasis>
); 0.3 mm (
<emphasis id="923280E66287B207E8891C9D96EA87DE" bold="true">C – F, I</emphasis>
); 0.1 mm (
<emphasis id="9412EAE64A1C93D07A3B614B78FEE519" bold="true">G, H</emphasis>
)
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="E71173EB5729F8796E67AAD6FFC94099">
<emphasis id="BB33073CB26F452717D6910AE5E3465B" bold="true" italics="true">Body</emphasis>
(thorax and abdomen): Body
<quantity id="CF8E09B89099D04CE020C3CEFFCD96EC" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.225" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.95" unit="mm" value="22.25" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="19.5">19.5–25 mm</quantity>
in length (n = 40, mean
<quantity id="B50075456A5F15FACFBF117CAD0FFB58" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" unit="mm" value="21.5">21.5 mm</quantity>
) and
<quantity id="5C9A0395E236B77924032775332E6644" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.1" metricValueMin="0.9" unit="mm" value="10.0" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="9.0">9–11 mm</quantity>
in width (mean 10.0 mm); integument with gradually increasing setae from the fifth integument posteriorly and with even spicules. Spiracles deep, generally uniform in size, except for spiracles 1, 2, and 10, which are slightly smaller; largest spiracle
<quantity id="6B0381664165266CD9E2E63EE10B39E8" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
in diameter; spiracular rim
<quantity id="1D38602DF835B23AD83C0C99914C0B34" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="mm" value="0.03">0.03 mm</quantity>
in thickness, lacking any processes; collar processes thick and short (occasionally not thick).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ED5AE" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="3D7E59C0B51C416E5B7CC5C77BAE52AC">
<heading id="641B84F314E9DC306757E9F841DC0A25" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E56C77626956FE63A4964799C4521710">
This species exhibits numerous dark spots along the dorsal and lateral margins of the clypeus. However, the number of spots varied among individuals. This variation may be due to certain environmental or genetic (Fig.
<figureCitation id="D5AAF8DB8C0BC48269760B249FA0DC95" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Vespa crabro flavofasciata A outer surface of the mandible B medioventral portion of the palate, showing minute spicules located on the conical papilla (indicated by an arrow) C, D clypeus in frontal view, highlighting pigmented spots on its dorsal and lateral margins E, F head in frontal view G labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view H two types of mandibular teeth. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A, B); 0.3 mm (C – F, I); 0.1 mm (G, H)" figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302718">5 C – E</figureCitation>
). The dorsal and lateral margins of the clypeus form a broad, rounded convex shape, creating an almost semi-circular arc, a characteristic observed only in
<taxonomicName id="0F4BF1EE83609076BF6AD851B4C758D6" authorityName="Cameron" authorityYear="1903" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="crabro" subSpecies="flavofasciata">
<emphasis id="178D27C5EBC277715617BA294CF9E308" italics="true">V. crabro flavofasciata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="4FE5669C52A8998F98EF541E297EB8B9" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Vespa crabro flavofasciata A outer surface of the mandible B medioventral portion of the palate, showing minute spicules located on the conical papilla (indicated by an arrow) C, D clypeus in frontal view, highlighting pigmented spots on its dorsal and lateral margins E, F head in frontal view G labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view H two types of mandibular teeth. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A, B); 0.3 mm (C – F, I); 0.1 mm (G, H)" figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302718">5 C – E</figureCitation>
). In this species, mandibular tooth III presents in two forms (Fig.
<figureCitation id="E88ACAB3BA270E86198409E5BA5626FD" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Vespa crabro flavofasciata A outer surface of the mandible B medioventral portion of the palate, showing minute spicules located on the conical papilla (indicated by an arrow) C, D clypeus in frontal view, highlighting pigmented spots on its dorsal and lateral margins E, F head in frontal view G labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view H two types of mandibular teeth. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A, B); 0.3 mm (C – F, I); 0.1 mm (G, H)" figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302718">5 H</figureCitation>
):
<typeStatus id="1B8E40D1FE6A678DBC276C339BD1B1D8">Type</typeStatus>
A is observed in most individuals, and
<typeStatus id="FBB547D2807E8D48A5ADD5CE73143F28">Type</typeStatus>
B, observed in a few individuals, resembles the form observed in
<taxonomicName id="A296982E828972819D48BDA9FBD6BB92" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1852" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ducalis">
<emphasis id="4D739280654ECAC92BF2B7E5868E8639" italics="true">V. ducalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. For
<typeStatus id="99E3EAA83BB141372187C45BAF5F508B">Type</typeStatus>
B mandibles, the angle between tooth IIIa and IIIb ranges from 90 ° to 135 ° (Fig.
<figureCitation id="B04DD3750CAC2E2B9E95A40FF1BD42D9" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Vespa crabro flavofasciata A outer surface of the mandible B medioventral portion of the palate, showing minute spicules located on the conical papilla (indicated by an arrow) C, D clypeus in frontal view, highlighting pigmented spots on its dorsal and lateral margins E, F head in frontal view G labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view H two types of mandibular teeth. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A, B); 0.3 mm (C – F, I); 0.1 mm (G, H)" figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302718">5 H</figureCitation>
). Additionally, spicules are distributed along the lateral margin of the palate, with a characteristic that contradicts the observations reported for
<taxonomicName id="FBA90B4C32AC8E9CF008D4C4EDB181A8" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1775" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crabro">
<emphasis id="5C86E623AC214C07452278324D9DEA79" italics="true">V. crabro</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="9B126F3A06105A1F849065865EC0BA4F" author="Kojima J" firstAuthor="Kojima" journalOrPublisher="Natural History Bulletin of Ibaraki University" pagination="7-227" refId="B12" refString="Kojima J (1998) Larvae of social wasps (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Vespidae). Natural History Bulletin of Ibaraki University 2: 7–227." title="Larvae of social wasps (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Vespidae)." volume="2" year="1998">Kojima (1998)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EDAAG" type="material">
<paragraph id="324C7113543D33975A5CC294BED868D5">
<heading id="DF62323263A44F157471351A537DA3C1" reason="title">Specimens examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DAD4757A3441664E2DD1F6088007E7F8">
<materialsCitation id="528EC36C25D64BAF99B93D96AC2B5D14" collectingDate="2021-07-27" collectorName="Choi &amp; Kim" country="South Korea" latitude="35.990833" location="Daegu" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.59694" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Daegu">
<collectingCountry id="478B30BB4E5C8D58E64182E4F941497B" name="South Korea">South Korea</collectingCountry>
• 10 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="F89A44A041F9E773F80514D7F7F1D87E" country="South Korea" name="Daegu">Daegu</collectingRegion>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EMAAG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[128.596944,35.990833]}">
<geoCoordinate id="0679D80C93447BFE16D41BDF2C087A75" degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="59" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="27" value="35.990833">35 ° 59 ' 27 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="6295DEB685FF31D32C5A5B131B0241B5" degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="49" value="128.59694">128 ° 35 ' 49 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="481F5E3857F751481B55D89C0127F12A" value="2021-07-27">
<collectingDate id="BE966A2A08F69FE7A9B994B4A15C9C7C" value="2021-07-27">27 July 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="B62342570471B279E78D7DE8E2F95700">Choi</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="F1B41C4FEADBA2142B479C3CD2B6624E">Kim</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="45F47AB251277FE741A6AB88044A1B81" collectingDate="2021-07-28" collectorName="Choi &amp; Kim" country="South Korea" latitude="35.891945" location="Daegu" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.43445" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Daegu">
10 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="7E12DDFF2DBCDA2672838D307024D722" country="South Korea" name="Daegu">Daegu</collectingRegion>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EUAAG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[128.434444,35.891944]}">
<geoCoordinate id="8D889ACA7BC86FADB02DFB05454FE3D4" degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="53" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="31" value="35.891945">35 ° 53 ' 31 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="63D88490A0B770ADCBA946AB4704F955" degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="26" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="04" value="128.43445">128 ° 26 ' 04 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="8DEA013EB8F71B52F0CD6F9E8177B09C" value="2021-07-28">
<collectingDate id="1CB18A42CAD965D203F680B334CE35DE" value="2021-07-28">28 July 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="B422D69CA8C69BDBCB46D655B7491FA2">Choi</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="EA668A5AE9D5CBB2574B008E716F83D2">Kim</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="249329E0647CA76702078B91BE632536" collectingDate="2021-08-18" collectorName="Ma &amp; Kim" country="South Korea" latitude="35.029446" location="Naju-si" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="126.702774" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Jeonnam">
10 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="C92761E7DF7E1CB114303ADECA8AA637" country="South Korea" name="Jeonnam">Jeollanam-do</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="15A51F3FCAC9E3724C331A47B09238FD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CD21361E04F15A3EAE06AC62D19F0AC2:15A51F3FCAC9E3724C331A47B09238FD" country="South Korea" latitude="35.029446" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="126.702774" name="Naju-si" stateProvince="Jeonnam">Naju-si</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E3AAG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[126.702778,35.029444]}">
<geoCoordinate id="543B2770D117076F03F698B24C0EADD3" degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="01" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="46" value="35.029446">35 ° 01 ' 46 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="F3B849117FE7DC287EAA9EBEB9BA390C" degrees="126" direction="east" minutes="42" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="10" value="126.702774">126 ° 42 ' 10 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="58806BD49BE7A8228178CA9D43C358FB" value="2021-08-18">
<collectingDate id="BCADD6268E1FE849D19DA32AA40A6502" value="2021-08-18">18 Aug. 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="B114B98FCBEC789DD72CE94135A1690B">Ma</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="A1FFE21F0F4D964B7BCDC01937315900">Kim</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="B9998D347BB59BE59A5FFE581D1EC6CF" collectingDate="2022-09-02" collectorName="Choi" country="South Korea" latitude="36.671112" location="Yecheon-gun" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.4625" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">
15 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="0B69C2771ACB092F6C590A24AC0661A0" country="South Korea" name="Gyeongbuk">Gyeongsangbuk-do</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="5B827F6BBCE977803AD276858D9215C0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CD21361E04F15A3EAE06AC62D19F0AC2:5B827F6BBCE977803AD276858D9215C0" country="South Korea" latitude="36.671112" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.4625" name="Yecheon-gun" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">Yecheon-gun</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EEBAG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[128.462500,36.671111]}">
<geoCoordinate id="362DDEBAAAD735D5C3568A11F51B8A81" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="40" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="16" value="36.671112">36 ° 40 ' 16 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="C999B8B7DD400D064A478A8ED76A8561" degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="27" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="45" value="128.4625">128 ° 27 ' 45 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="17187898FD6C39D703656B79A907B077" value="2022-09-02">
<collectingDate id="08C6D8910853F807F7C7DA4851C8E39E" value="2022-09-02">2 Sept. 2022</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="2B2519253C8D41D79064BC8464780D52">Choi</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="FDE6384E782EA15D54C35763AE2E146D" collectingDate="2023-07-05" collectorName="Choi &amp; Ma" country="South Korea" latitude="36.366108" location="Sangju-si" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.03667" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">
10 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="1013FA00621788088E4A2C56FBF2CB9B" country="South Korea" name="Gyeongbuk">Gyeongsangbuk-do</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="A581BC6C11C871B43BEE4779185FACD3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CD21361E04F15A3EAE06AC62D19F0AC2:A581BC6C11C871B43BEE4779185FACD3" country="South Korea" latitude="36.366108" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.03667" name="Sangju-si" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">Sangju-si</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EMBAG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[128.036667,36.366111]}">
<geoCoordinate id="67EAC2681097D31013999687882B789F" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="21" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="58" value="36.366108">36 ° 21 ' 58 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="721E3187CD213E918AC15EBE7733DD91" degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="02" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="12" value="128.03667">128 ° 02 ' 12 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="6DEB036942DB88AD43E0EB7388B43F6F" value="2023-07-05">
<collectingDate id="E3D1853083BFD07DE61F8402E45AA4CA" value="2023-07-05">5 July 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="2CCB8696C0D4DA90D4AE0F53185D7DD6">Choi</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="E231805E2DA3C92568149E76197544D9">Ma</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="6C9D052C2B4D2C4174BC6F1A092CF0B7" collectingDate="2023-08-18" collectorName="Choi &amp; Kim" country="South Korea" latitude="36.586666" location="Andong-si" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.71555" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">
30 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="DB02FF7FE8FF130F3AAF4B650357587C" country="South Korea" name="Gyeongbuk">Gyeongsangbuk-do</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="492EE244A467A7E4559968C30CFD4D56" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CD21361E04F15A3EAE06AC62D19F0AC2:492EE244A467A7E4559968C30CFD4D56" country="South Korea" latitude="36.586666" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.71555" name="Andong-si" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">Andong-si</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EUBAG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[128.715556,36.586667]}">
<geoCoordinate id="8FBBC5BFFB34C4DF8E134DDAB6FDBBD6" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="12" value="36.586666">36 ° 35 ' 12 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="AE0D6ADADB396FDE7364DBD69B931EC0" degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="42" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="56" value="128.71555">128 ° 42 ' 56 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="B22426065B52A3702C16B86926944153" value="2023-08-18">
<collectingDate id="F39954B5CE9AACC6FDF2E44AFF0CD2DC" value="2023-08-18">18 Aug. 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="DED0AABF3C1D661D8806D3BF0FFEE2CC">Choi</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="2BAE1F5AC4108A45921ABE800F5504FB">Kim</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="B1F3D9FD7ACA6F8A68576C3632FCE70A" collectingDate="2023-09-20" collectorName="Choi" country="South Korea" latitude="35.91639" location="Gyeongsangbuk-do" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.67" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">
8 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="5F15504C8E1A601FC16D5D6D1FFE6D4B" country="South Korea" name="Gyeongbuk">Gyeongsangbuk-do</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingRegion id="C40CA5B8D9E136F1037CFA4D19610FCA" country="South Korea" name="Daegu">Daegu</collectingRegion>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E3BAG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[128.670000,35.916389]}">
<geoCoordinate id="271E763525832CAEB391214C8AC45EFC" degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="54" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="59" value="35.91639">35 ° 54 ' 59 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="FBA9905C6FB7EB3E5F41E1AC130A3192" degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="12" value="128.67">128 ° 40 ' 12 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="8161A6149628F25CF508A7835976CDF0" value="2023-09-20">
<collectingDate id="B2B8DF18B4A7C619B45446185F922974" value="2023-09-20">20 Sept. 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="6FC7078016A1E99A124E853C4F9FA6C6">Choi</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="213438DDE4F04C444E57D62BA0255E05" collectingDate="2023-09-22" collectorName="Kim" country="South Korea" latitude="37.788612" location="Hongcheon-gun" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.15639" municipality="Gangwon-do" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">
10 mature larvae;
<collectingMunicipality id="389332C3AA0DF0DE82CAA1B15E39C167">Gangwon-do</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="A13D36AC6D408DEEEB65E780DFC02BED" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CD21361E04F15A3EAE06AC62D19F0AC2:A13D36AC6D408DEEEB65E780DFC02BED" country="South Korea" latitude="37.788612" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.15639" municipality="Gangwon-do" name="Hongcheon-gun" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">Hongcheon-gun</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EECAG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[128.156389,37.788611]}">
<geoCoordinate id="106A33C59EEEA48672E0648339E2A86F" degrees="37" direction="north" minutes="47" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="19" value="37.788612">37 ° 47 ' 19 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="651D243275F7B901978DC43484407AD9" degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="09" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="23" value="128.15639">128 ° 09 ' 23 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="98ADE5D2890D1C09416F797F029E8782" value="2023-09-22">
<collectingDate id="C21507B5ADAC4289689984D41069D605" value="2023-09-22">22 Sept. 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="903E59518F7A54960F2D5E55CFCAAEFD">Kim</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="54C2AD112C5D1AD2750E0A7191CE5AB5" collectingDate="2023-10-10" collectorName="Choi &amp; Kim" country="South Korea" latitude="35.359997" location="Gimhae-si" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.89389" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongnam">
5 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="2B5A3B710C96683536DA13802DADD49A" country="South Korea" name="Gyeongnam">Gyeongsangnam-do</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="B9F998978AD1551CBDF11E4B0B5DCA64" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CD21361E04F15A3EAE06AC62D19F0AC2:B9F998978AD1551CBDF11E4B0B5DCA64" country="South Korea" latitude="35.359997" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.89389" name="Gimhae-si" stateProvince="Gyeongnam">Gimhae-si</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EMCAG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[128.893889,35.360000]}">
<geoCoordinate id="EB8B87C88D968D65C16D50CE16218E2F" degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="21" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="36" value="35.359997">35 ° 21 ' 36 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="F4D3A90AF975F4B9114B3EA228AD0A25" degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="53" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="38" value="128.89389">128 ° 53 ' 38 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="CCC028D271F03B9E0DBF8DBBCB2FE568" value="2023-10-10">
<collectingDate id="458A8829093DEFACFACA0785DB96D493" value="2023-10-10">10 Oct. 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="C9B2BCA56D4A38EF416F5C9E867D1561">Choi</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="9B3D2E38F9C3E3E55EEA299CF6603CC3">Kim</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="D3E803A6E7A54659416363CA182C3C05" collectingDate="2024-07-10" collectorName="Kim" country="South Korea" latitude="36.655834" location="Yecheon-si" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.40277" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">
10 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="2D46765D9B6E0D02455832F9EE0E9B52" country="South Korea" name="Gyeongbuk">Gyeongsangbuk-do</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="45CD55D6951B786318E84B89B8108E91" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CD21361E04F15A3EAE06AC62D19F0AC2:45CD55D6951B786318E84B89B8108E91" country="South Korea" latitude="36.655834" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.40277" name="Yecheon-si" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">Yecheon-si</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EUCAG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[128.402778,36.655833]}">
<geoCoordinate id="0E82ED1072F2420865B954CF78F794F3" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="39" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="21" value="36.655834">36 ° 39 ' 21 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="1AD920925709526D747B7CEFAF2257BD" degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="24" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="10" value="128.40277">128 ° 24 ' 10 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="1F2B4864F275B9C6A25556AA73527357" value="2024-07-10">
<collectingDate id="DCB7806DEE81AC3AC567CB59156E3BEE" value="2024-07-10">10 July 2024</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="D42748F863F55E794C55417272AE7BEC">Kim</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="4E95177676AB967548AF7F4E4495DB99" collectingDate="2023-10-23" collectorName="Choi &amp; Kim" country="South Korea" latitude="36.592777" location="Andong-si" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.77638" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">
5 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="79DD1FF75837968BCBC1A8B751A43E83" country="South Korea" name="Gyeongbuk">Gyeongsangbuk-do</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="5DB1337F952B9309EC60600A8D96FFF4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:CD21361E04F15A3EAE06AC62D19F0AC2:5DB1337F952B9309EC60600A8D96FFF4" country="South Korea" latitude="36.592777" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.77638" name="Andong-si" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">Andong-si</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E3CAG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[128.776389,36.592778]}">
<geoCoordinate id="54BA06FFBE47F5CE458ABE3FF00F6BD4" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="35" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="34" value="36.592777">36 ° 35 ' 34 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="7B913853C3F50B0FC7851A767B52CDEC" degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="46" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="35" value="128.77638">128 ° 46 ' 35 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="385833D9D377D383AB44A17C3885617D" value="2023-10-23">
<collectingDate id="4FB836199D980BE87B815FA815064668" value="2023-10-23">23 Oct. 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="AB69CCCD9D0865112606D561725ACEB8">Choi</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="FBC9E8A1617495F0E60400C23DF4FF13">Kim</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

319
data/E2/F5/EB/E2F5EB61737B52078F27CF21822D0E1A.xml Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,319 @@
<document id="410CD1502086C14484AD8BCE45710B35" ID-DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.255.140805" ID-publisher-id="140805" URI-arpha="0AFCCFB7-46D4-5942-96A8-A0AF5257C526" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1744125324212" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Munkhtulga, Dariganga, Baasanmunkh, Shukherdorj, Nyamgerel, Nudkhuu, Park, Jong Ho, Tsegmed, Zagarjav, Tojibaev, Komiljon Sh. &amp; Choi, Hyeok Jae" docDate="2025" docId="E2F5EB61737B52078F27CF21822D0E1A" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 255: 51-73" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 255" docSource="https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/140805/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.phytokeys" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.phytokeys" docTitle="Astragalus teshigicus D. Munkhtulga &amp; S. Baasanmunkh 2025, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="73" masterDocId="0AFCCFB746D4594296A8A0AF5257C526" masterDocTitle="Morphological and phylogenetic analysis approach to three new species and a new section of Astragalus (Fabaceae) from Mongolia" masterLastPageNumber="73" masterPageNumber="51" pageNumber="51" updateTime="1744126175846" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="8CAD94F9F93E07577CF1351A18D73D83" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="4163C973451637A67D9C0CD8D8B56BAB">
<mods:title id="935623EB5687DB58AC638AE8F00AD65D">Morphological and phylogenetic analysis approach to three new species and a new section of Astragalus (Fabaceae) from Mongolia</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="CBB9DD915E2EC660C276C00E998374B5" type="personal">
<mods:role id="99DF5B672701FAC93A0501EA9313C53F">
<mods:roleTerm id="1ECFBF69289C303DF01B3342BCDF9FBB">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="06B3F68186650B43DC3FA395D3D89F7E">Munkhtulga, Dariganga</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="392CFF723B19DB739E79B1449862D1D6" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0175-203X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="F2F1D6FB3BC4826541CFCDB5B07C824E">Department of Biology, School of Arts and Sciences, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar 14201, Mongolia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="4C4EEDC31039F729965F3F283C4CB4C4" type="personal">
<mods:role id="49604CF23A86B469F3A1002D63001B97">
<mods:roleTerm id="92289677CA0241A3087D68F015631E71">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="D9C5DE4DA1E0F2179C3BE2C4E2A0D46E">Baasanmunkh, Shukherdorj</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="CD82F2654E7CE646C87AC2B30306AAA1" type="ORCID">0000-0003-4224-9376</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="1D8006ECBFB9572A41B98BEBABDACE37">Department of Biology and Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="D220E512E231348CB91B474E567257C2" type="personal">
<mods:role id="AA85AAA1DC072A0D3F685190E434A362">
<mods:roleTerm id="B1C5E0E9A5A130D5D687FD91703C37DD">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="91A831EBD19CEDFF0BE7ACF02EAC1CD4">Nyamgerel, Nudkhuu</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="6B0A4AB89AAF40208B928CF8F10186B1" type="ORCID">0000-0002-9110-423X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="253C8A73B96C889F18E6FA6FC5E24CF1">Department of Biology and Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="3702F57016FA6FA33F28AAE2B246B5EE" type="personal">
<mods:role id="E50184502D421BD659771E74B0F2C14A">
<mods:roleTerm id="D2BB4F2AC830194B46C58951FC924096">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="8C71450DE6EE752E3BEE5848280ABBEC">Park, Jong Ho</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="618C1872AF55E623AB01B02BAFB4567E" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9053-8591</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="8058C973C0E2337D245CCBF97DA8A55D">Department of Biology and Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="C53EBECEB7F96F956B34E9FC5245B0FB" type="personal">
<mods:role id="18C3AF175D440408B49B8C442196282E">
<mods:roleTerm id="88FEB395D06A00992D2C2D473D5621AA">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="8441BEB0F87B97FA6EEB2D7E9295A740">Tsegmed, Zagarjav</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="BC3057FDA7CF37C385F6AB4C595BAC60" type="ORCID">0000-0002-6024-4918</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="417FF02A2C24334980272A8453BEFF9F">Department of Biology and Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="5A0E577977448B3548BA6D5D21433D41" type="personal">
<mods:role id="6C2CE180A784F5F7BE90A4AE3A94C70F">
<mods:roleTerm id="1B1B89547ADDEF7988B229B4E0C74BF7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="5A3DF960226D40BE2A2347CBAAD27833">Tojibaev, Komiljon Sh.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="CD6EB28FFFAA22393B2938CD62EBFD0B" type="ORCID">0000-0003-2846-5777</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="467EAE860F93D61C7B8E5B1594E03D5A">Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, Tashkent 100125, Uzbekistan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="90CDC10B2BA159DFA69AD44085B4926C" type="personal">
<mods:role id="0579ACE9D35598C48EB148384C084AF2">
<mods:roleTerm id="93A158EAE48A5B190BDC082668163C0A">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="01B0D1A284040874B5B521508959FA9F">Choi, Hyeok Jae</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="2DB5CD427AD4353E3665FFFE270F99A5" type="ORCID">0000-0001-6315-0071</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="FC2D369C788EDE2E41BDEEF4304117F3">Department of Biology and Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="75D5DD0CFD64269DE09D98165EFA7EB8">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="4E64C7052AAA68D3CE1FCF40A9D50FD0" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="AF39CD575B5669A7194A5C77E614C985">
<mods:title id="AA6B158731728B251B3C2EE5EBD7F365">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="2BC2B9C1B8B1EC05170D5E5A753A5E4D">
<mods:date id="96826D4059747C2E85E6A53C80657FD6">2025</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="801534349B13309026F6891B33D497A9" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="20F756821F30AB08685E3C5F23659B89">2025-04-08</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="267E8CE8D34EDD29A3275FB55BF8BD02" type="volume">
<mods:number id="8952085711176709F1E12E42CAA0FA10">255</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="EDB15BA448F5B57B1E8D4BBB6BC15033" unit="page">
<mods:start id="DBE17FC4DDF02D5441CF5FD72D92D7BC">51</mods:start>
<mods:end id="D05A234A0CE9039C32B2E6DE98DA434E">73</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="BC9335D714BABCD0D35F232C21EFFDD6">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="127F28A457C9AF959C9BE7F17B3A6783" type="DOI">10.3897/phytokeys.255.140805</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="E2F5EB61737B52078F27CF21822D0E1A" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15175779" ID-Zenodo-Dep="15175779" ID-arpha="E2F5EB61-737B-5207-8F27-CF21822D0E1A" ID-ipni="urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77359974-1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:E2F5EB61737B52078F27CF21822D0E1A" LSID-IPNI="urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:77359974-1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/E2F5EB61737B52078F27CF21822D0E1A">
<subSubSection id="5BC29A6AE7824FB6A8A12958693A2617" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="05D687222EB79FEEE59058D0B9B32EF7">
<taxonomicName id="4E9143D22D3E5C526B0E03189A377127" authority="D. Munkhtulga &amp; S. Baasanmunkh" authorityName="D. Munkhtulga &amp; S. Baasanmunkh" authorityYear="2025" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Astragalus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="teshigicus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="F2A234D3CBDC1CEF29BBBCFD599FB815" italics="true">Astragalus teshigicus</emphasis>
D. Munkhtulga &amp; S. Baasanmunkh
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="6D08B13C9E1D3541F3C49FB2F9A3CE25" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="82E96D14F07CC18DFE407D1E75A0A4C6" type="description">
<paragraph id="7D1E2EE23EF914F002430308044AEAAC">
<figureCitation id="700A3C70CC5F426076F74AB95D20C11B" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Astragalus teshigicus in Mongolia A general habit B raceme C bract D calyx E standard F keel G wings H pistil I stamens J leave K omission of medifixed hairs on the upper side of the leaf L stipules, inside view M stipules, outside view N pod. (Photo credits: D. Munkhtulga and B. Oyuntsetseg)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.255.140805.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302214">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EJ1AI" type="material">
<paragraph id="2389F5EAECCCDEB5EBD4184FCFE0A70F">
<heading id="78E02BE77F7AAA4DA1BB297A0D166D4A" reason="title">
<typeStatus id="36014387B784A30A4B9AF6D43C43F819">Type</typeStatus>
.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E5C786A99D4DAC1F8D91337E9261910F">
<collectingCountry id="29C50D74B2F9548BB29B91C5FAFF3652" name="Mongolia">Mongolia</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion id="26985328B67314F2D0A57651B13AC2E9" country="Mongolia" name="Bulgan">Bulgan province</collectingRegion>
, Teshig soum, Baga Baysgalan,
<geoCoordinate id="1AA1FC18BF074EABC69A35E15205FD35" degrees="49.9679" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="49.9679">49.9679</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="D92EF52C79885A5A8ED47697290BC7D0" degrees="102.5867" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="102.5867">102.5867</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="9734055248D49F0DF79A57B669ABF339" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.128" unit="m" value="1128.0">1128 m</quantity>
,
<date id="619AC52CBC3300971C49709FE573294F" value="2018-06-05">05 June 2018</date>
,
<emphasis id="BD868B7D13C2BE7E528510A65EBE0F5E" italics="true">B. Oyuntsetseg &amp; Sh. Baasanmunkh NW 11</emphasis>
[
<typeStatus id="C8CE30E9FE49F7ECE4AC0ECB24506C2E" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
UBU 0002138! (Fig.
<figureCitation id="5835F372093A2AB5ABFE936035044257" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Type specimens of Astragalus species A A. uvsicus (UBU 0039100) B A. teshigicus (UBU 0002138) C A. oyunicus (UBU 0039102) D A. laguroides (BM 000632540) E A. tamiricus (LE 01017820) F A. gobi-altaicus (LE 01016096)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.255.140805.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302215">6 B</figureCitation>
),
<typeStatus id="7A0C839C372FC0000EB0F6379F7DC916" type="isotype">Isotype</typeStatus>
UBU 0002139!].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EV1AI" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="09ABB963280D9BF58187828BA30DF8EB">
<heading id="ADA65BABB4E95D15FA931169F5786920" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="A71B6B5C3523E65A22B1719744EB121F">
The morphological features of
<taxonomicName id="20FA9A4DD597143DF11FD1D912AF3F05" authorityName="D. Munkhtulga &amp; S. Baasanmunkh" authorityYear="2025" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Astragalus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="teshigicus">
<emphasis id="01B65BB54EACF91A7949E178D1E48086" italics="true">A. teshigicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are similar to that of
<taxonomicName id="9D6C450ACC6C33084E5F468BD7AD081D" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Astragalus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laguroides">
<emphasis id="1D94247302F4F0C90C3522CC9969522A" italics="true">A. laguroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but differ by its raceme oblong or oblong-cylindrical (vs. ovoid), calyx rather densely covered with spreading, straight only white hairs
<quantity id="813F090DBE9BC54D552F31D8B7349762" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
(vs. densely covered with asymmetrically bifurcate to basifixed, tangled, spreading white hairs
<quantity id="B480D8BFAEB4B251FBC92658E880873C" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2 mm</quantity>
, at outer side of the teeth and sometimes at the nerves of the tube also with black hairs), leaves
<quantity id="EBD17BF2A1F64035A799713B5FDD0705" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="0.8" unit="cm" value="13.0" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="8.0">8–18 cm</quantity>
(vs.
<quantity id="2904AEED87FE023C4D14BFDAB55B56C2" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="14.0" metricValueMin="3.0" unit="cm" value="8.5" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="3.0">3–14 cm</quantity>
long), leaflets in 4–6 pairs, elliptical, 14–20 ×
<quantity id="BE5227E642D1094CB46550546E121C0B" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="5.0">5–8 mm</quantity>
(vs. 3–5 pairs, narrowly elliptic, 8–25 ×
<quantity id="FCFEBCCD446CA9E6E880D4DE56D9CECE" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="3.0" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="3.0">3–6 mm</quantity>
) (Table
<tableCitation id="ED8E4B0FB3036CE1EFCA4DFD586B3DB2" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Morphological comparisons of five Astragalus species in Mongolia." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/E9D5498FC9505458607722D1A69E861A" tableUuid="E9D5498FC9505458607722D1A69E861A">2</tableCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="6BED6ACFC55C89E700685944EC5857A4" ID-DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.255.140805.figure5" ID-arpha="D5722E0F-45EE-5861-BAA2-2B8FFF9BBD8F" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302214" startId="F5">
<paragraph id="E6FBEE96E211E3F09095697E613A87A9">
<label id="5AD1BD7C378E2B05B800E6A65F0934BF">Figure 5.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="49E88B97B1A8EC32B7E98C41649B6257">
<taxonomicName id="BAB62CCB5DCDD513565BCD1FD48C00FC" authorityName="D. Munkhtulga &amp; S. Baasanmunkh" authorityYear="2025" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Astragalus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="teshigicus">
<emphasis id="711274195221E95E90AC844C0FB8D6C7" italics="true">Astragalus teshigicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Mongolia
<emphasis id="8D51B3676E36AEDBE10B8AAC62CD6160" bold="true">A</emphasis>
general habit
<emphasis id="E23183BE2121D99BFBF6B80140B7D8D7" bold="true">B</emphasis>
raceme
<emphasis id="CD346C1AA76C079F8DBCD240A2D2B6EF" bold="true">C</emphasis>
bract
<emphasis id="4358125C57771EFD305F0598BE1512F3" bold="true">D</emphasis>
calyx
<emphasis id="BD07589B3D8421A6A21D816280F09A7A" bold="true">E</emphasis>
standard
<emphasis id="64AD1931DD93EF43BE7D537F96B60AF4" bold="true">F</emphasis>
keel
<emphasis id="66ED8FE5F8459DC58252873E34A5F033" bold="true">G</emphasis>
wings
<emphasis id="B99554173B5CF884B2F66AEE525DD8DA" bold="true">H</emphasis>
pistil
<emphasis id="0D81C0EBB325CE7FE4A3BBA6103E74AC" bold="true">I</emphasis>
stamens
<emphasis id="BB8D10E7FC7EE80A10D807BBD0D9A233" bold="true">J</emphasis>
leave
<emphasis id="0D250BA195B7122F592531A46F523D0C" bold="true">K</emphasis>
omission of medifixed hairs on the upper side of the leaf
<emphasis id="5CE11D162789826F29FD50031B377D56" bold="true">L</emphasis>
stipules, inside view
<emphasis id="152A3FA7E9816CA693CDAFA1A09ABC11" bold="true">M</emphasis>
stipules, outside view
<emphasis id="02EDA3505050DC8D8B776975B373EC82" bold="true">N</emphasis>
pod. (Photo credits: D. Munkhtulga and B. Oyuntsetseg).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ES4AI" type="description">
<paragraph id="FA29BE5E47523FD52E77350C3F7A43A5">
<heading id="A0A7C827493D21D13617E5F279FB2BB5" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="02BD6AFD6E606AF70500A60FE21ED42F">
Plants perennial,
<quantity id="9CE69FBCF9FEEAE3531F83DE8520AC22" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.8" unit="cm" value="14.0" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="8.0">8-20 cm</quantity>
tall, acaulescent. Stems up to
<quantity id="E376B4CDDA299421B6882C7B1C176A2B" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="cm" value="1.0">1 cm</quantity>
, densely appressed white hairy. Stipules
<quantity id="9E3B51292709333F2FC046E8D1CD3AC5" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4-5 mm</quantity>
long, broadly triangular-acuminate, densely covered with spreading or ascending hairs. Leaves
<quantity id="5FD6F51CD5FAA19C0342F180CBE91C66" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="0.8" unit="cm" value="13.0" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="8.0">8-18 cm</quantity>
; petiole
<quantity id="099C02E8D78386932C9427252F08152B" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="3.0" unit="cm" value="5.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="3.0">3-7 cm</quantity>
, like the rachis covered with appressed white hairs. Leaflets in 4-6 pairs, elliptical, 14-20 ×
<quantity id="C025CA7EA477EF3381E112094E3A3101" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="5.0">5-8 mm</quantity>
, on both sides densely covered with medifixed, subappressed hairs, acute to rarely obtuse. Peduncles
<quantity id="BBD6343816B2A61CE5F14C511DA355BA" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="12.0" metricValueMin="6.0" unit="cm" value="9.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="6.0">6-12 cm</quantity>
, with medifixed, appressed hairs. Racemes oblong or oblong-cylindrical (3.5) 4-7 (8) cm long, rather densely many-flowered. Bracts scarious,
<quantity id="A58ED4BFE11D3C34ECFFC8CD9C8BFC22" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.75" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.5" unit="mm" value="5.75" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="5.5">5.5-6 mm</quantity>
, narrowly triangular, sparsely covered with ascending only white hairs, at the margins covered with spreading white hairs up to
<quantity id="2EEF2A0796DBB06E27DED88DF626C806" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5-2 mm</quantity>
. Calyx
<quantity id="A50B1469060C0D52C35D31046136D7AC" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.2" unit="mm" value="13.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="12.0">12-15 mm</quantity>
, at the beginning of anthesis tubular, soon ovoid-inflated, densely covered with basifixed, ± spreading, rigid white hairs
<quantity id="EC68E4F8B3FF1CAEF6A2637F628526C3" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" unit="mm" value="1.75" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.5">1.5-2 mm</quantity>
; teeth subulate,
<quantity id="FCDB6B37FAC328412AC5951D214A93E8" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2-3 mm</quantity>
. Petals purplish. Standard
<quantity id="6A81EF4DCE7E8EF81A1A91463A063F4C" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="2.0" unit="mm" value="22.0" valueMax="24.0" valueMin="20.0">20-24 mm</quantity>
; blade
<quantity id="1203CA85F602AD01DB89DDE37DE70AF5" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="4.5" unit="mm" value="5.0" valueMax="5.5" valueMin="4.5">4.5-5.5 mm</quantity>
wide, obovate, slightly constricted in the middle, slightly emarginate, at the base gradually narrowed. Wings
<quantity id="28C2A98F31E3C230D3002F1DA590DC70" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.7" unit="mm" value="19.5" valueMax="22.0" valueMin="17.0">17-22 mm</quantity>
; blades oblong, rounded, 5-5.5 ×
<quantity id="77E59E369B31E188F02EE73AC9CED260" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2-3 mm</quantity>
; auricle c.
<quantity id="1AC3714281B7384D59739E9D552D3D26" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
; claw
<quantity id="E408411F61466B18DF5C9824DF741594" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="8.0" unit="mm" value="8.5" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="8.0">8-9 mm</quantity>
. Keel
<quantity id="7CCC147BE087E938E0E9F9D6D50D68D5" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.4" unit="mm" value="16.0" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="14.0">14-18 mm</quantity>
; blades 4-4.5 ×
<quantity id="746189028900E69B918E19054E932423" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2-3 mm</quantity>
; claw c.
<quantity id="63EBA2456CA20ADF030A67A752DC56A0" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
. Ovary sessile. Legumes enclosed in the calyx, oblong, 4-5.5 ×
<quantity id="2A21ACAB739C4BC2694E295BCD452329" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.0" unit="mm" value="2.25" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="2.0">2-2.5 mm</quantity>
, with a hooked beak c.
<quantity id="41DFC75BFCE50211AFA507105B9CA12C" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
, unilocular; densely covered with spreading white hairs.
</paragraph>
<caption id="27811864F018B9CB8A33E84FC8D94287" ID-DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.255.140805.figure6" ID-arpha="34399FCC-424C-548E-8274-DF892610A5BD" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302215" startId="F6">
<paragraph id="D93191233CFED536AA3A7FCBF9F738E3">
<label id="9165D9BB0077348661DE7B561F3C4325">Figure 6.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="41E5FA596ED1942A55C8CFB22E3851EC">
Type specimens of
<taxonomicName id="A6861E469877B8B44B4B96F3C5A704D1" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Astragalus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undefined-A">
<emphasis id="6BD4AE2B78D29D3AE889219955EB6150" italics="true">Astragalus</emphasis>
species
<emphasis id="02C6BE6E57B12FBFF854930DB3786C69" bold="true">A</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="73B4098B3A7D9A89E53D43E8120EB9C4" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Astragalus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="uvsicus">
<emphasis id="147C79E963F36FD8CABA4762E6BE2B48" italics="true">A. uvsicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(UBU 0039100)
<emphasis id="E9C2483BEECA6BB0FFDE8A8931087D04" bold="true">B</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="B525979D987360E4BD49DAA8867C3516" authorityName="D. Munkhtulga &amp; S. Baasanmunkh" authorityYear="2025" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Astragalus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="teshigicus">
<emphasis id="A910DEE6CD0678FB72676ABEF910D583" italics="true">A. teshigicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(UBU 0002138)
<emphasis id="3050D7C223E4E6992935A1CCD3245FF9" bold="true">C</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="0C6405FC5F5B0104315B1FB53D4AA510" authorityName="D. Munkhtulga &amp; S. Baasanmunkh" authorityYear="2025" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Astragalus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oyunicus">
<emphasis id="F132BF5B1DA79BEC3B4504F710E57862" italics="true">A. oyunicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(UBU 0039102)
<emphasis id="B1C71D885F145CBF72023E1C33906358" bold="true">D</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="D19295FE72A105DD9640A75EB606FBD0" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Astragalus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laguroides">
<emphasis id="C008FD0BF065288EAFF690422EA4B0DA" italics="true">A. laguroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(BM 000632540)
<emphasis id="E491A665F80664A4B3C2B8E293769016" bold="true">E</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="3AFB4E35E2C4393ABF4741BEC3850EE5" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Astragalus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tamiricus">
<emphasis id="C6405CE3D48E69B64B09F436EA7FD815" italics="true">A. tamiricus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(LE 01017820)
<emphasis id="A4B6CD20515CC74A8D0942E703AB6445" bold="true">F</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="97A759373FA697FA1FD41BDF8593EEB1" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Astragalus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gobi-altaicus">
<emphasis id="136E9F0177CA2FF1EE9D68DEC8F75EC8" italics="true">A. gobi-altaicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(LE 01016096).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EZABI" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="5E656D1359522DE06980BE14CAF12B8B">
<heading id="4F2583119C9AC090F3BBCAB6884138E2" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E54B2A2096A2B935256202C2F4FD7638">
Endemic to
<collectingCountry id="68806D82FF881FC2E7A1DD9D7300B15F" name="Mongolia">Mongolia</collectingCountry>
. This species is found only in a single location in the northern part of the country (Fig.
<figureCitation id="A2CB585AF6F1A066C7739D4F016E8BB4" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Distribution map of the studied Astragalus species from the sections Laguropsis and Uvsicus in Mongolia." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.255.140805.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302218">9</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EDBBI" type="habitat">
<paragraph id="5F4161C2F072ACF0549782ADE563AD3B">
<heading id="F77074B0D37ED956FDDB27E6BE5A850F" reason="title">Habitat.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="ABAB4332A1D545E4C410F736AB5731A1">This species grows in steppe areas including mountain slopes, rocky and stony mountains.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EIBBI" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="E1DDD7B7B5BF8F9938375D1B96FBFAE1">
<heading id="56B621661F37BE0184D245AE2599D136" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D4B1A0914F912AA73E94CE9600BA9FCF">The species epithet refers to the location where the species was collected.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

882
data/F5/3F/E1/F53FE1E1AEB1586E8FBFB0018BD2450F.xml Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,882 @@
<document id="7086D6E259CD775C5D4EDCCA4581E95B" ID-DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.255.140805" ID-publisher-id="140805" URI-arpha="0AFCCFB7-46D4-5942-96A8-A0AF5257C526" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1744125324212" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Munkhtulga, Dariganga, Baasanmunkh, Shukherdorj, Nyamgerel, Nudkhuu, Park, Jong Ho, Tsegmed, Zagarjav, Tojibaev, Komiljon Sh. &amp; Choi, Hyeok Jae" docDate="2025" docId="F53FE1E1AEB1586E8FBFB0018BD2450F" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 255: 51-73" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 255" docSource="https://phytokeys.pensoft.net/article/140805/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.phytokeys" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.phytokeys" docTitle="Astragalus gobi-altaicus N. Ulzyikh., Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol." docType="treatment" docVersion="2" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="73" masterDocId="0AFCCFB746D4594296A8A0AF5257C526" masterDocTitle="Morphological and phylogenetic analysis approach to three new species and a new section of Astragalus (Fabaceae) from Mongolia" masterLastPageNumber="73" masterPageNumber="51" pageNumber="51" updateTime="1744126175846" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="DDAA9013F9EE4B5095AA3B35764F407A" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="48413F5FD02C258BF684B356D69A8948">
<mods:title id="07D6DB3B9BE55379C18F0604002BD586">Morphological and phylogenetic analysis approach to three new species and a new section of Astragalus (Fabaceae) from Mongolia</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="D33B8E4A3ADAC87FED261C4E7BF20F73" type="personal">
<mods:role id="027206F11C793D681C02C4ADF63E09EB">
<mods:roleTerm id="2EDBBD6B919860A4C50DB5900B41C59C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="0CA33B30401EBB51F9BB7B3DBFDE6F72">Munkhtulga, Dariganga</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="196036B6C531919CCEB40331721922DA" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0175-203X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="6562E6F47BE3AEF067C0CB826BA78890">Department of Biology, School of Arts and Sciences, National University of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar 14201, Mongolia</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="4E2D4A23717AC0FB0D3558D7486B00F5" type="personal">
<mods:role id="7A0F3B9ACBCA9E937E577A0C11F4273C">
<mods:roleTerm id="C5E41CD8494199E5E96D0C96483520E7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="1F5986070D93C7908F87692A0F115B59">Baasanmunkh, Shukherdorj</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="775AEA91A133F6901F225C525F760F7F" type="ORCID">0000-0003-4224-9376</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="11765E93E4FBEF153E3492EA6A2121D0">Department of Biology and Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="7658B24ABEB570AD914AAEA65145BB2A" type="personal">
<mods:role id="38B4E8B96E6E5264CAC6CB28FDB14549">
<mods:roleTerm id="8D36A734CFB319B3F25E184A1B284BDF">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="6F5B9B8745335771226D5292370C2189">Nyamgerel, Nudkhuu</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="AE46FEE3B05F1C0E6DC44F0493960E2E" type="ORCID">0000-0002-9110-423X</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="C5E54BD4A201DEDF7DF383BD81323A76">Department of Biology and Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="DA17F5CFE3E74630BF4E7317F6B78276" type="personal">
<mods:role id="8289713F9713586A9D212335B097D7B9">
<mods:roleTerm id="57892309651EC08A65CB583B564CE13C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="5915DEEAAEAAFAABEBC01B960482160E">Park, Jong Ho</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="5AB7743E341D6F68DDAC371421D6A5A6" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9053-8591</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="982768FC7104BF4B1D27AEAA932D1F2A">Department of Biology and Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="77AF6AFFC5CEC1AC10C2F0333BEBEF1E" type="personal">
<mods:role id="48B32FEB96C6048E0B5C648435987956">
<mods:roleTerm id="7E097444BA75ED776804499451BECB12">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="7CDA8A82ECDDF54CE6D041A548079F9E">Tsegmed, Zagarjav</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="9A48733D802BDBAA2C79CFA469E2B7E0" type="ORCID">0000-0002-6024-4918</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="4B1AC7B52ED4184903A70D27D44253AE">Department of Biology and Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="DA14D85FC6474357242A42CEDF38F1DE" type="personal">
<mods:role id="32D4412E5C95A7F0D19CAFE4FA7A5A53">
<mods:roleTerm id="7048DDBDE6C2B6099829BA843D185B90">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="E72177A750A89379CB70F5A7ADEF9394">Tojibaev, Komiljon Sh.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="55D0C19BAA8D9E0030B6E6D4B1A711F5" type="ORCID">0000-0003-2846-5777</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="BCFA32049BE34A6A6AF539621A3F9F84">Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, Tashkent 100125, Uzbekistan</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="246018510DD76F3D546A197C0B6EFE04" type="personal">
<mods:role id="39BBD832EB8DB3806EABC562467480A2">
<mods:roleTerm id="47FC8E64E94D8C8AF77FFF847712F446">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="7EF382C77EF2EFFEFDEAF08BCABDECED">Choi, Hyeok Jae</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="E455B3F1A54DA14C082D345B72523398" type="ORCID">0000-0001-6315-0071</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="908E786C7173CC5D78AE419CADDD3E93">Department of Biology and Chemistry, Changwon National University, Changwon 51140, Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="0AF9AA535C067150E5121778A92D540C">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="B24B1205DE02FF63FFE9216DBF533549" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="1F5ACD100F975F6E8ABB8D82B243F6F4">
<mods:title id="598F3EA121189897036DE5390330F945">PhytoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="85A5AF08D9162C13653095F9DF65C90C">
<mods:date id="7086202CBE193F25627539E904A410D9">2025</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="F96E04ED359AACB3F2AADE5F975EA7CB" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="E79B79E5AD332219EBAF3964243E39BA">2025-04-08</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="293555F8D6267D19A445BBF2EDE9FAD6" type="volume">
<mods:number id="D240E99B16AABB0849E8B2E536E056E1">255</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="73B48BE6979DEBA1A9D934D86EE5929C" unit="page">
<mods:start id="8C1124A9C09CC417AA496F4C0A67E41A">51</mods:start>
<mods:end id="E40FBB3B8794A15195E101E151B39D0C">73</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="A342B1B7B43D0269A9257A81A50AA02E">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="C9CABCC61B2FC6D9066CB1BF89CE8179" type="DOI">10.3897/phytokeys.255.140805</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="F53FE1E1AEB1586E8FBFB0018BD2450F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15175773" ID-Zenodo-Dep="15175773" ID-arpha="F53FE1E1-AEB1-586E-8FBF-B0018BD2450F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F53FE1E1AEB1586E8FBFB0018BD2450F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F53FE1E1AEB1586E8FBFB0018BD2450F">
<subSubSection id="AAAA43487AB26D12CD53DAAF8C5BE40A" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="1F6947B799E68697DD4BFF53B6498AF1">
<treatmentCitation id="D5561D2B9A00F4E396F6729AF31AA94B" author="" issue="2" journal="Biol., n. s." page="83" score="4.466069895443037" volume="95" year="1990">
<taxonomicName id="026D3E6A522E572EACB1CEA7E36AF421" ID-CoL="HXYQ" authority="N. Ulzyikh., Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Astragalus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gobi-altaicus">
<emphasis id="448CEB9126146AF5530CE153B8E559F9" italics="true">Astragalus gobi-altaicus</emphasis>
N. Ulzyikh., Byull. Moskovsk. Obshch. Isp. Prir., Otd. Biol.
</taxonomicName>
, n. s., 95 (2): 83 (1990)
</treatmentCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="91549D42DE1FF2354954EE6856BD9E24" type="description">
<paragraph id="28B887950EBF062D92EAFAFB6AA975EA">
<figureCitation id="19DAA5CC4E01B4D7257B08A3F23D8E17" captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Astragalus gobi-altaicus in Mongolia A general habit B raceme C flower D calyx E bracts F standard G wings H keel I pistil J stamens K pod L pod valve M leave, abaxial view N leave, adaxial view P leaflet, abaxial view O leaflet, adaxial view Q omission of medifixed hairs on the upper side of the leaf R stipules, outside view S stipules, inside view. (Photo credits: D. Munkhulga and B. Oyuntsetseg)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.255.140805.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302212">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0E33BG" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="DDE894CE7BF4162841EAEB687302231B">
<heading id="D2AA4A8D587401FCDC0C499228173030" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3A7615960CCAE0F38815A4DB3EBD724B">
<taxonomicName id="AB3D4DBCF2B9F2941B1CC155CA9EEA42" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Astragalus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gobi-altaicus">
<emphasis id="2B843D325BF5980572CFF580A82C27EC" italics="true">Astragalus gobi-altaicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was first described in East Gobi,
<collectingCountry id="DDD1DB4C55AB62F0618365E700C667A7" name="Mongolia">Mongolia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="7745A3A92564A28DFAFD6F788010ACA3" author="Ulziykhutag" firstAuthor="Ulziykhutag" journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of Moscow Society of Naturalists, Biological Series" pagination="75-86" refId="B36" refString="Ulziykhutag N (1990) The new species and sections belonging to Astragalus genus from Mongolia. 2. subspecies Cercidithrix Bunge. Bulletin of Moscow Society of Naturalists, Biological Series 95: 75–86." title="The new species and sections belonging to Astragalus genus from Mongolia. 2. subspecies Cercidithrix Bunge." volume="95" year="1990">Ulziykhutag 1990</bibRefCitation>
). Later, this species was treated as a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="9EBD91927AAB36D680FE61B05BC8E7FD" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Astragalus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laguroides">
<emphasis id="CAEE00BECB2A892409774EC0344CF823" italics="true">A. laguroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="78F20CECD1AC57F3DE420AF378ABC55E" author="Xu LR &amp; Podlech D" editor="Wu ZY &amp; Raven PH &amp; Hong DY" firstAuthor="Xu" journalOrPublisher="10. Science Press, Beijing &amp; Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis" pagination="328-453" refId="B41" refString="Xu LR, Podlech D (2010) Astragalus L. In: Wu ZY, Raven PH, Hong DY (Eds) Flora of China, Vol. 10. Science Press, Beijing &amp; Missouri Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis, 328–453." title="Astragalus L." volumeTitle="Flora of China, Vol." year="2010">Xu and Podlech (2010)</bibRefCitation>
. However, based on our extensive morphological studies,
<taxonomicName id="B8CCB60FABEFE9E781B7A1F9A4A6E34F" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Astragalus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gobi-altaicus">
<emphasis id="313EAB1817FF2C334BDBBBB1F103D438" italics="true">A. gobi-altaicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="83652C5C6E3B4178685AA40D546D9B8B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Astragalus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laguroides">
<emphasis id="869E826A61B9EDE0B9561D37FA789874" italics="true">A. laguroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its inflorescence being oblong-cylindrical (vs. globose or ovate), leaflets that are broadly elliptical or oblong-obovate, more rarely sub-oval (vs. leaflets oblong, narrowly elliptical, or lanceolate), calyx teeth
<quantity id="0B3056FD357FEE763797F1685581A1F4" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" unit="mm" value="5.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="4.0">4–6 mm</quantity>
long (vs. calyx teeth 3–4) (Table
<tableCitation id="DAED4B447AC6B771A5C11896A978C381" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Morphological comparisons of five Astragalus species in Mongolia." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/E9D5498FC9505458607722D1A69E861A" tableUuid="E9D5498FC9505458607722D1A69E861A">2</tableCitation>
). In addition, the phylogenetic tree supported that
<taxonomicName id="79BEF3DF23A1FA239B1DD4FA39EC0DDE" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Astragalus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gobi-altaicus">
<emphasis id="C6983E2DD65F7440FE8E104B5F8FD2C2" italics="true">A. gobi-altaicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was different from
<taxonomicName id="4ECFC25166F91562E614C0C7716E1048" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Astragalus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laguroides">
<emphasis id="07CD3A5FDFEF58025BC462D02E7ED90A" italics="true">A. laguroides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which was more similar to
<taxonomicName id="D1729F718B5EF5A8E291D57DF3904D3F" authorityName="D. Munkhtulga &amp; S. Baasanmunkh" authorityYear="2025" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Astragalus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oyunicus">
<emphasis id="9BA6465C30B2CF5254C287A4828BEE51" italics="true">A. oyunicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="DB7956CC4DEC353BF6F9EE2D44371299" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Astragalus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lupulinus">
<emphasis id="3FEBF7F1C271491A80E7CBBD74777C9D" italics="true">A. lupulinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="947F591D0AE4412E953E774E235EB397" captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Phylogenetic tree of Astragalus species based on ITS sequences. Newly sequenced samples are indicated with UBU specimen code. The bootstrap support values above 70 % are shown at branch level. CHN, MGL, KAZ, and RUS samples are from China, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, and Russia, respectively." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.255.140805.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302210">1</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="E9D5498FC9505458607722D1A69E861A" ID-Table-UUID="E9D5498FC9505458607722D1A69E861A" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/E9D5498FC9505458607722D1A69E861A" startId="T2" targetIsTable="true">
<paragraph id="AD225D8A55045B25E8F4DFFA87F729F7">
<label id="71A6BF69E53808C9E769B75CB2065723">Table 2.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FCF7EF34D46C350108A50430B127E121">
Morphological comparisons of five
<taxonomicName id="E4A171C071C7D272A7F7CB3DB99C6228">
<emphasis id="3DBEEC646528FC41C54F69E13F7157B4" italics="true">Astragalus</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
in Mongolia.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="9E3889893D92E47AC54A8312D64606B3">
<table id="TID0E3HBI" rules="all">
<tbody id="DDF1E1FB4392DED77481A4762EA48960">
<tr id="B460D9459989AAC92C54352C27D25F98">
<th id="F58E92F9046B082C3742B815FF8DF2E8" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Characters</th>
<emphasis id="CB2E6B9BB7F3D16A11029300DC62779E" italics="true">
<th id="0B6D3512E95E3FE772B2FAB0AF1B86B7" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="E1C662FADFD0886BF6676C99FC4CAA70" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Astragalus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laguroides">A. laguroides</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="545676FD316C50F3035013D470CF36C3" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="5C14A16446AF2F38FFDC0297CAB5A247" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Astragalus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gobi-altaicus">A. gobi-altaicus</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="E681EF069F506E913BDDD56432C4746B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="16CBA07F5F693652BA6F174455B5B674" authorityName="D. Munkhtulga &amp; S. Baasanmunkh" authorityYear="2025" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Astragalus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oyunicus">A. oyunicus</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="B9C60CDAB9E1DF4A47DBC13FADCC5339" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
<taxonomicName id="7D4351F4796390EDB048E2D808C81462" authorityName="D. Munkhtulga &amp; S. Baasanmunkh" authorityYear="2025" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Astragalus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="teshigicus">A. teshigicus</taxonomicName>
</th>
<taxonomicName id="FA7B895160980016BF92D96ABC17951D" authority="Leaves" authorityName="Leaves" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Astragalus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="uvsicus">
<th id="1CC3D9DF49B1EDC7127B601693192BD2" colspan="1" rowspan="1">A. uvsicus</th>
<tr id="8A8D55D4CD8D218728F8068A7C99119F">
<td id="C8FA996E8C8FD5CBB1A1A5CD9CDE618D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Leaves</td>
<td id="62E4A3CD183F5EA7BD128CBDADD3A322" colspan="1" rowspan="1">3-14 (- 18) cm long</td>
<td id="988FB0EBA82927E057E3B92D89C86585" colspan="1" rowspan="1">8-14 cm long</td>
<td id="4CA267ADD3CEFCF37AF3305C990243B7" colspan="1" rowspan="1">5-12 (- 15) cm long</td>
<td id="D314AA00752D3905299DA41C96989E1E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">8-18 cm long</td>
<td id="9EF23CE84D079D004A8DECC68FEEBB35" colspan="1" rowspan="1">3-8 (- 12) cm long</td>
</tr>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</tr>
<tr id="B287E6C9686C8FBEC76A2EA8A8E7F3A1">
<td id="3C7C84E06DAE79CB44244D6451879BFB" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Leaflets</td>
<td id="23B4BEEE6426D5C4760021A7979053BC" colspan="1" rowspan="1">3-5 (- 8) pairs, narrowly elliptic, 8-25 (- 40) × 3-6 mm, both surfaces rather densely hairy, apex acute</td>
<td id="F054CD7CE2FB41DDAB1E55C17C5F33C5" colspan="1" rowspan="1">2-4 pairs, broadly-elliptical or oblong-obovate, 7-12 × 3–5 mm, on both sides densely hairy, apex mucronate</td>
<td id="75033C5973B1485E356EF5E9F586488A" colspan="1" rowspan="1">3-5 pairs, narrowly elliptic, 15-18 × 4-7 mm, on both sides densely hairy, apex acute</td>
<td id="052FF62F8B3ACA9481AF7903D7FA2040" colspan="1" rowspan="1">4-6 pairs, elliptical, 14-20 × 5-8 mm, on both sides densely covered with medifixed, subappressed hairs, acute to rarely obtuse</td>
<td id="D9226EB0DA9FE4DB77397297747CC99F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">2-5 pairs, narrowly elliptic, 8-11 (- 14) × 3-5 mm, rather densely covered with medifixed, appressed hairs, apex acute</td>
</tr>
<tr id="0434248C052453FE02B34036B43CAA6E">
<td id="0324427C36BAF37BBD76482374D9994C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Stipules</td>
<td id="85B2586A8C1084F77716585C459E1AF7" colspan="1" rowspan="1">5-8 (- 10) mm long, narrowly triangular-acuminate, covered with spreading or ascending hairs</td>
<td id="B2EA2C7F9F23FD2CAB11DF2003435B11" colspan="1" rowspan="1">3-4 mm long, narrowly triangular-acuminate, rather densely appressed hairy, at the margins with basifixed hairs</td>
<td id="6F446CCCD8907A62D611A3F400F14E13" colspan="1" rowspan="1">4-6 mm long, broadly triangular-acuminate, loosely covered with spreading or ascending hairs</td>
<td id="A98423D10BBCF44698B797BF0099C35B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">4-5 mm long, broadly triangular-acuminate, densely covered with spreading or ascending hairs</td>
<td id="143D6516E85B5FE883ACD8EEE04111E7" colspan="1" rowspan="1">6-8 mm long, narrowly triangular-acuminate, covered with spreading or ascending hairs</td>
</tr>
<tr id="310C09191517BE453F5407257A97FACE">
<td id="8640233CC16E7C8324EB77E1281E92B7" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Raceme</td>
<td id="537051C4DA8FEAAE83F54C9439B86268" colspan="1" rowspan="1">ovoid to oblong, 2-4 (- 6) cm long</td>
<td id="1017AD7101F60FD2D38A29B8828710D9" colspan="1" rowspan="1">oblong-cylindrical, 3-8 cm long</td>
<td id="8AF7831D639BFDDCC93FF932AB295122" colspan="1" rowspan="1">ovoid to oblong, 3-4 cm long</td>
<td id="1930F97C820B1AE331075D122F2829A2" colspan="1" rowspan="1">oblong or oblong-cylindrical, 4-7 (- 8) cm long</td>
<td id="48B7F471EBE11340FA63D095594002AD" colspan="1" rowspan="1">globose or ovate, 3-4 cm long</td>
</tr>
<tr id="B9AA4C1E8622BAD14C89160FB5EFEE81">
<td id="475176CF308AD845F833AFD97CDB3662" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Calyx</td>
<td id="D34A2A22EA779FCEC140B9A5259B9B7B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">11-14 mm long, densely covered with asymmetrically bifurcate to basifixed, tangled, spreading white hairs 1–2 mm, at outer side of the teeth and sometimes at the nerves of the tube also with black hairs; teeth 3-4 mm</td>
<td id="3834C28FC7DEBB28DF01EBDBE2056684" colspan="1" rowspan="1">12-16 mm long, densely covered with subbasifixed to basifixed, spreading, straight white hairs 2-3 mm; teeth 4-6 mm</td>
<td id="DA6F86C70B210747F2FAE987C637BF73" colspan="1" rowspan="1">10-12 mm long, covered with basifixed, spreading, straight white and fewer black hairs 1-2 mm; teeth 2-3 mm</td>
<td id="68AD43A04A01FA18DA1251984901675A" colspan="1" rowspan="1">12-15 mm long, rather densely covered with spreading, straight white hairs 2 mm; teeth 2-3 mm</td>
<td id="F70FB7466ECCBE84B278AC2DD32F2905" colspan="1" rowspan="1">11-14 mm long, covered with basifixed, spreading white and black hairs 1-2 mm; teeth 2-3 mm</td>
</tr>
<tr id="98797FB386C865AC66CD66978B58C173">
<td id="22363DA45EEAB3509917E3821E0C84D7" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Standard</td>
<td id="4F971BAE108F2A2D6F6994C1706BF161" colspan="1" rowspan="1">17-20 mm long, emarginate</td>
<td id="DC7B02A50FBF181028ED93591B12250D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">14-18 (- 20) mm long, slightly emarginate</td>
<td id="39FB63415E7F6F717EAAA891BA868B05" colspan="1" rowspan="1">18-20 mm long, emarginate</td>
<td id="C9466C7F7B0D05BCF09FA8D1343A8696" colspan="1" rowspan="1">20-24 mm long, emarginate</td>
<td id="A00421927F30AA7C3B985D8DF2F0525C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">15-18 mm long, emarginate</td>
</tr>
<tr id="53B2189AAEB605468D22F7B40FCFA606">
<td id="5E71CD3CB2E090A4931F29679BD1BE74" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Wings</td>
<td id="226FAA8F34228E295BCDA193CF390CB6" colspan="1" rowspan="1">14-18 mm long</td>
<td id="005D34952709A26278CDE4B16C7D8A1D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">12-16 mm long</td>
<td id="675FF7A6F284467D40B00A58F6947005" colspan="1" rowspan="1">14-18 mm long</td>
<td id="D463388F4B79A4240B15923BF93C355E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">17-22 mm long</td>
<td id="72D8A85D1172D0BAA3742EEE19E067DC" colspan="1" rowspan="1">13-15 mm long, obtuse</td>
</tr>
<tr id="55546DE467A055A6AC038763DD3DC469">
<td id="40F2C2FB86C506A9B92CA12FE236F013" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Keels</td>
<td id="9606093CA6EAB0DDEEA40972F88068C4" colspan="1" rowspan="1">13-15 mm long</td>
<td id="24951E7655408E41D227F9236D684779" colspan="1" rowspan="1">10-14 mm long</td>
<td id="052FE9F97CF6E56CC4E4EAA6F58E4BBF" colspan="1" rowspan="1">12-16 mm long</td>
<td id="1E6648E4C28CDE11C06047746B23F940" colspan="1" rowspan="1">14-18 mm long</td>
<td id="EAFA8276DC90170B82C0735CF01098F5" colspan="1" rowspan="1">12-14 mm long</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3BA3591BC18AFFC96EF97D95BF1C5815">
<td id="B3D9C25B0AB26FB0B8CA1145BDE51C69" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Pods</td>
<td id="FE65733EF4FAA7995E22636365D4EFE5" colspan="1" rowspan="1">sessile, oblong, (- 6) 7-8 × 2-3 mm, with a hooked beak c. 1 mm, unilocular; covered with subappressed to spreading white hairs 1-1.5 mm, smaller black hairs amount greater than the apex</td>
<td id="C4218CE6944146EAFA308B5F7C71A8F8" colspan="1" rowspan="1">sessile, oblong, 7-8 × 3-4 mm, with a hooked beak 2-2.5 mm, unilocular; covered with tangled, spreading white hairs</td>
<td id="D43748C6E8E8112DB300ABC1300A0186" colspan="1" rowspan="1">sessile, oblong, 6-7 × 3-4 mm, with a hooked beak c. 1 mm, unilocular; densely covered with spreading white and fewer black hairs c. 2 mm</td>
<td id="BBF4BDEF7596BA8FFAE872EA3E98C8A0" colspan="1" rowspan="1">sessile, oblong, 5-6 × 2-3 mm, with a hooked beak c. 1 mm, unilocular; densely covered with spreading white hairs</td>
<td id="D3A19A2C98E0458BE4D35E82C79CF833" colspan="1" rowspan="1">sessile, linear, 6.5-7 × 2-3 mm, with beak c. 1 mm, bilocular, loosely covered with spreading white hairs c. 1 mm, smaller black hairs amount greater than the apex</td>
</tr>
</tbody>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ECJAI" type="material">
<paragraph id="B4241AA80AF294EE8EAFE08E0F94DCD5">
<heading id="19276DCFCF726A47EA1A7ADAAE202600" reason="title">
<typeStatus id="73CCD2DB5EFE2E6972BFD678AE7B0AF6">Type</typeStatus>
.
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3E48E1EFC4C712208DBC297F326F2200">
<materialsCitation id="576EE57FD36A593DC4005ED209C4192D" collectingDate="1979-09-08" collectorName="V. I. Grubov &amp; A. Muldaschev &amp; Sh. Darijmaa &amp; Holotype LE &amp; Fig." country="Mongolia" county="Noyon-Bogd mountain" location="Umnugovi province" municipality="Noyon" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="E051E8DCF6D17C5CA2E13F983E3F8B4A" name="Mongolia">Mongolia</collectingCountry>
.
<location id="AE948A1D8100BA8CDAD91CB3F1543B24" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F53FE1E1AEB1586E8FBFB0018BD2450F:AE948A1D8100BA8CDAD91CB3F1543B24" country="Mongolia" county="Noyon-Bogd mountain" municipality="Noyon" name="Umnugovi province">Umnugovi province</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="FDB5B90B6B6FB09B3A638F4F153E6606">Noyon</collectingMunicipality>
soum,
<collectingCounty id="F83039B673F4DAB88156F758775EB728">Noyon-Bogd mountain</collectingCounty>
,
<date id="F385D28BE0097006C03084AE2EBC15F7" value="1979-09-08">
<collectingDate id="26E93E68B31AEFAF39307E61274D98ED" value="1979-09-08">08 September 1979</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="EE75443AD33EF3421A30730D2B499834" italics="true">
<collectorName id="8AAEA34FE2D20CB6B4B36A986EA84B0F">V. I. Grubov</collectorName>
,
<collectorName id="42C98307E82A0553F4B337C531B94223">A. Muldaschev</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="A4B2C9257BCB6200D11DBB547E99EA2B">Sh. Darijmaa</collectorName>
1964
</emphasis>
[
<collectorName id="6F2CB555ECBFFFB3A49419C935421930">
<typeStatus id="13BCBAE40801A642C889E845EA4B7A05" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
LE
</collectorName>
01016096! (
<collectorName id="219A20990F1F238B9179B5B6F7132C28">Fig.</collectorName>
<figureCitation id="43B3C297504B5396105361C419DB0D04" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Type specimens of Astragalus species A A. uvsicus (UBU 0039100) B A. teshigicus (UBU 0002138) C A. oyunicus (UBU 0039102) D A. laguroides (BM 000632540) E A. tamiricus (LE 01017820) F A. gobi-altaicus (LE 01016096)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.255.140805.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302215">6 F</figureCitation>
)]
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="3275E5A36350BDAF1305A6EE2889A068" collectingDate="1980-06-28" collectorName="I. A. Gubanov &amp; Paratype MW" country="Mongolia" county="Khurkh mountain" elevation="1425" latitude="42.72128" location="Umnugovi province" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="105.104836" municipality="Nomgon" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<location id="07002ABE1146C7DECB5333F60908A771" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F53FE1E1AEB1586E8FBFB0018BD2450F:07002ABE1146C7DECB5333F60908A771" country="Mongolia" county="Khurkh mountain" latitude="42.72128" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="105.104836" municipality="Nomgon" name="Umnugovi province">Umnugovi province</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="55D55834DF7C9C1481F7178DA4A96D91">Nomgon</collectingMunicipality>
soum,
<collectingCounty id="F189627956B86981E005B04BB2B4536B">Khurkh mountain</collectingCounty>
,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0ERJAI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[105.104833,42.721278]}">
<geoCoordinate id="6CA2725731B71E86B1846B616A5821C8" degrees="42" direction="north" minutes="43" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="16.6" value="42.72128">42 ° 43 ' 16.6 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="B69C91EBEE18C189A1B10FB43901FC5C" degrees="105" direction="east" minutes="06" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="17.4" value="105.104836">105 ° 06 ' 17.4 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<quantity id="45459C47DB5DE0F0BFEC45ACD9715A34" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.425" unit="m" value="1425.0">
<elevation id="B81571FA8467CF72E1F9AC5E16ADBFB9" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.425" unit="m" value="1425.0">1425 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="674BC3942D9E511F2AC873BB018DBBF8" value="1980-06-28">
<collectingDate id="6E03614CD27CC0769DE240DF584BB649" value="1980-06-28">28 June 1980</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="EA5EA8B7935D4D9FF044CE28CB7793A9" italics="true">
<collectorName id="F5D18686E736714EAAAD8270511DFE94">I. A. Gubanov</collectorName>
5941
</emphasis>
[
<collectorName id="D6F1790192C6AADBF9C1E18571B03B75">
<typeStatus id="0B2E64A23D12827F767599FC697A7792" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
MW
</collectorName>
0593122!]
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="92468FFC5A5A23B620E4E3BECC28F0C8" collectingDate="1981-08-06" collectorName="I. A. Gubanov &amp; Paratype MW" country="Mongolia" county="Bayan-Undur" elevation="1413" latitude="42.555027" location="Umnugovi province" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="103.91058" municipality="Khurmen" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<location id="33131A99F6B5E5BFB2C07A5D73B146A6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F53FE1E1AEB1586E8FBFB0018BD2450F:33131A99F6B5E5BFB2C07A5D73B146A6" country="Mongolia" county="Bayan-Undur" latitude="42.555027" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="103.91058" municipality="Khurmen" name="Umnugovi province">Umnugovi province</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="109B873AC3D2018385000BAA6D81E94E">Khurmen</collectingMunicipality>
soum,
<collectingCounty id="6AD7B445C2002EF63B3E19ECC693B61B">Bayan-Undur</collectingCounty>
,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E2JAI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[103.910583,42.555028]}">
<geoCoordinate id="4472A2CB31942CE41097B8838672BE0B" degrees="42" direction="north" minutes="33" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="18.1" value="42.555027">42 ° 33 ' 18.1 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="86E21B0F32BD4914A0BCFBE958B3EF28" degrees="103" direction="east" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="38.1" value="103.91058">103 ° 54 ' 38.1 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<quantity id="3FBEAC7DD97A247A7F5E011E953D5025" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.413" unit="m" value="1413.0">
<elevation id="4C8D5C054C2CBD1A326D71962FC797AE" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.413" unit="m" value="1413.0">1413 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="6BA7AF21ED80FE733595864A1416A7C5" value="1981-08-06">
<collectingDate id="A0D0352AD83D7D7F53DA210C1DB561C9" value="1981-08-06">06 August 1981</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="5315AA9E8355CF741BAFFD50519CD5FC" italics="true">
<collectorName id="49D5924A001A53956D69FE2412E9F100">I. A. Gubanov</collectorName>
3376
</emphasis>
[
<collectorName id="A7C2B39C88FFEBC31EC63A7264004EF6">
<typeStatus id="BA67E797A8691734BD7B10344CC3A794" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
MW
</collectorName>
0593121!, MW 0593120!]
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ECKAI" type="description">
<paragraph id="0C7307AB7DDF90D1D9D2CCF42609E5E2">
<heading id="FA41FDB554FB918AE7F3C23845BECAD2" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6D8D458964F7F7EF43BE1D609A83AECD">
Plants perennial
<quantity id="E1E450BA6DBD98129053AC9857DEFB1F" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.8" unit="cm" value="10.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="8.0">8–12 cm</quantity>
tall, acaulescent, with merely white, in vegetative parts distinctly warty hairs. Stipules whitish,
<quantity id="6F69AD1BA2E62CFF5553E6C1223039F4" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3-4 mm</quantity>
, triangular, nearly free from the petiole, not connate behind the stem, appressed hairy, at the margins with basifixed hairs. Leaves (– 3)
<quantity id="1644B48222637C560DEC2E3609B97C50" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="0.8" unit="cm" value="11.0" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="8.0">8–14 cm</quantity>
; petiole
<quantity id="AE1B4FD9BA806699CA6830A915F5B8AB" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="cm" value="2.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="1.0">1–4 cm</quantity>
, like the rachis slender, loosely to rather densely covered with medifixed, appressed hairs
<quantity id="ECA3ECEBA54EC06DA50DB52A117A21C7" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" unit="mm" value="0.75" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.5">0.5-1 mm</quantity>
. Leaflets in 2-4 pairs, in the basal leaves often in 1–2 pairs only, oblanceolate or narrowly elliptic to elliptic, 7-18 ×
<quantity id="408F2B82B5D12881F94CBC3C646D39C4" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" unit="mm" value="7.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="5.0">5–10 mm</quantity>
, mucronate, on both sides densely covered with medifixed, appressed hairs 1.5-2 (- 3) mm. Peduncles
<quantity id="9667D4A0D729235A8237C464351FF1A0" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="3.0" unit="cm" value="4.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="3.0">3-6 cm</quantity>
, slightly angular-sulcate, loosely to rather densely covered with medifixed, appressed hairs, partly glabrescent with age. Raceme oblong to oblong-cylindrical
<quantity id="6AC6BFE7EDD330D8AA004872AD0C018D" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="3.0" unit="cm" value="5.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="3.0">3-8 cm</quantity>
long, densely many-flowered. Bracts whitish,
<quantity id="DBDCEEB558475C52D01678C93E9C7FE8" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="3.0" unit="mm" value="4.0" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="3.0">3-5 mm</quantity>
, narrowly linear, covered with mostly basifixed hairs. Calyx
<quantity id="457C3A0727335DC4DD33C21BE82799BC" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.1" unit="mm" value="12.5" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="11.0">11-14 mm</quantity>
, tubular at beginning of anthesis, soon ovoid-inflated, rather densely covered with subbasifixed to basifixed, rigid, spreading, straight white hairs
<quantity id="E3DEB8FAAB2F94C00BCF9684291381F5" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2-3 mm</quantity>
; teeth filiform,
<quantity id="61F4471A1FC46CFC2CC40BA04DC11F8D" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4-5 mm</quantity>
. Standard (– 9) 14-18 (– 20) mm; blade c.
<quantity id="2ADCF86F7B6365F906E8FB1D78B14DBB" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
wide, elliptic, narrowly triangular toward the slightly emarginate tip, slightly constricted below the middle, at the base obtusely angularly passing into the claw. Wings
<quantity id="0CB8F5C25B895379C598470C75607264" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.2" unit="mm" value="13.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="12.0">12–15 mm</quantity>
; blades narrowly oblong, obtuse, c. 5.5 ×
<quantity id="ADBAF62747DCC8ABC1D6736EE0F20873" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
; auricle
<quantity id="8FAB6017C69A85B552CCC8130358C232" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
, claw
<quantity id="E4915915197234A904FFCC8FABC9988B" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
. Keel
<quantity id="07F1FEC69FB9B1016ECAE78A743B551E" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="mm" value="11.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="10.0">10–12 mm</quantity>
; blades obliquely obovate 3.5 ×
<quantity id="5697777B3C77980A93E0F65C3A8E89DD" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
; claw c.
<quantity id="98C77C01C67C5EE706FB1C89932B9B59" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
. Ovary sessile. Pods enclosed in the calyx, sessile, oblong, 7-8 ×
<quantity id="F7E8DD2C05B8F5480A322E5329C8D402" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="3.0">3-4 mm</quantity>
long, with a hooked beak c.
<quantity id="C644FC5F7F8143CABE4005B0D545E441" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.0" unit="mm" value="2.25" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="2.0">2-2.5 mm</quantity>
, unilocular; covered with tangled, spreading only white hairs.
</paragraph>
<caption id="1238D6CA27F3E3B5F7D8784D03FC776F" ID-DOI="10.3897/phytokeys.255.140805.figure3" ID-arpha="E310BF66-B5AE-51F0-8F2A-387C34155AC0" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302212" startId="F3">
<paragraph id="25D9B38B2A1C45D6198D77E92E3D2EB6">
<label id="38E5B9D49914F6387735DFEAC4CC9C22">Figure 3.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="09BA1095F61EFEC76BC3C4EDFB4AD63F">
<taxonomicName id="CEDB93634D00D214BBB77968FAD8A6FA" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Astragalus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gobi-altaicus">
<emphasis id="EA685C8203E1F4BFF702C3034D0F9227" italics="true">Astragalus gobi-altaicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Mongolia
<emphasis id="6C33992B602D78D4FB526A12C49FC1B9" bold="true">A</emphasis>
general habit
<emphasis id="40853581E5DC70055FB3F60FFD04F5CF" bold="true">B</emphasis>
raceme
<emphasis id="D3872871E824C4799F01DBC385646AF3" bold="true">C</emphasis>
flower
<emphasis id="AEDFD4316751860030B9602951C5D5F8" bold="true">D</emphasis>
calyx
<emphasis id="30281538917DF22AC17DD2E4640C5529" bold="true">E</emphasis>
bracts
<emphasis id="98FED040879B70FCF36229D3E0685B3E" bold="true">F</emphasis>
standard
<emphasis id="264E4FBB1908599FDA1D79AC69E3A44F" bold="true">G</emphasis>
wings
<emphasis id="B9D99C5E2C0B305183FF887F6F5BBE5A" bold="true">H</emphasis>
keel
<emphasis id="E47980D08FEFC1DE77E63F471FC0C5DB" bold="true">I</emphasis>
pistil
<emphasis id="05CCC06D2DD7779DF92D2E244604F3BE" bold="true">J</emphasis>
stamens
<emphasis id="E49D8C0D1C7C97CE2B33561B1E2F4C6C" bold="true">K</emphasis>
pod
<emphasis id="18C34CFC33B88213026CD3FA5C5C8718" bold="true">L</emphasis>
pod valve
<emphasis id="16C2A4B3779AC52C56ED0D8564E9E11E" bold="true">M</emphasis>
leave, abaxial view
<emphasis id="A24F5DA8ABEFA68D3EDF578C026ECACB" bold="true">N</emphasis>
leave, adaxial view
<emphasis id="AAE280D0518233CD50F50F7C71EF3EE7" bold="true">P</emphasis>
leaflet, abaxial view
<emphasis id="C7305882BBF1FF59BB6BD6F8F23CD5C1" bold="true">O</emphasis>
leaflet, adaxial view
<emphasis id="344483697088B75B2A6EAFD528060C61" bold="true">Q</emphasis>
omission of medifixed hairs on the upper side of the leaf
<emphasis id="4E0CB2F85A7FC88EBEAC7267F3818C60" bold="true">R</emphasis>
stipules, outside view
<emphasis id="0DCEEA85721BFF763CF365A4C4A216DE" bold="true">S</emphasis>
stipules, inside view. (Photo credits: D. Munkhulga and B. Oyuntsetseg).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EFMAI" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="4002315A083E8A3B8030601CAC524B7C">
<heading id="AF106FCAB8B7DDCB7E4D15E91C3E038C" reason="title">Distribution.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0AB5D45EC42A7FCE0A22E87FF9B00F2C">
Endemic to
<collectingCountry id="9DF955EB8503C123ED6B4F323C6B296E" name="Mongolia">Mongolia</collectingCountry>
. This species is currently known from the South Gobi in
<collectingCountry id="047B243E4A24DF3763EA4BF3B4AB0EFE" name="Mongolia">Mongolia</collectingCountry>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="35EAD46F5E4A38A7E6CEDD9A638E2BA8" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Distribution map of the studied Astragalus species from the sections Laguropsis and Uvsicus in Mongolia." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.255.140805.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302218">9</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EPMAI" type="habitat">
<paragraph id="7C382D650D1003870168C50B6D207C9D">
<heading id="DE61CE1749D654A9ABCC3C86CBE8443D" reason="title">Habitat.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9F798C35013214542632C6EA9B7F50F7">This species grows in debris desert steppe, mountain slopes, sandy desert steppes, sayr slopes and granite slopes of hillocky areas.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EUMAI" type="material">
<paragraph id="A990FDBC1AA53723B10C609AFBEDD5CF">
<heading id="1300AABDD2174B6E2D846E6A4C143C64" reason="title">Additional specimens examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="96671C9BDBC2DBD470ECD3589DE9A998">
<materialsCitation id="E8454E8830AB337F1C6A6F44D06A0001" country="Mongolia" location="Gobi Altai region" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="6111A094068BEB7A0317B5D495154BC4" name="Mongolia">Mongolia</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="188264F6B82F7EF9F5AE965888E92AEF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F53FE1E1AEB1586E8FBFB0018BD2450F:188264F6B82F7EF9F5AE965888E92AEF" country="Mongolia" name="Gobi Altai region">Gobi Altai region</location>
</materialsCitation>
: •
<materialsCitation id="FEF70895D052DAA289F7738E13A5E039" collectingDate="1962-05-28" collectionCode="UBA" country="Mongolia" county="Umnugovi province" elevation="1727" latitude="43.51344" location="Tsetsii mountain" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="105.68857" municipality="Tsogt-Tsetsii" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCounty id="B0D089EE13FF10AC5B649A7BD1768116">Umnugovi province</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="5D1666C2AD8B6148C13EC14329E6DB66">Tsogt-Tsetsii</collectingMunicipality>
soum,
<location id="6180A19BCE643FC7AD14A3BAD5D689E8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F53FE1E1AEB1586E8FBFB0018BD2450F:6180A19BCE643FC7AD14A3BAD5D689E8" country="Mongolia" county="Umnugovi province" latitude="43.51344" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="105.68857" municipality="Tsogt-Tsetsii" name="Tsetsii mountain">Tsetsii mountain</location>
,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E4MAI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[105.688569,43.513439]}">
<geoCoordinate id="6254B4D18E9B049E0E700E6EF2507A77" degrees="43" direction="north" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="48.38" value="43.51344">43 ° 30 ' 48.38 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="5D02DB722E12A1559FC30836140A97A3" degrees="105" direction="east" minutes="41" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="18.85" value="105.68857">105 ° 41 ' 18.85 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<quantity id="318881C95BDEF4D940B812E8D6CD10DE" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7269999999999999" unit="m" value="1727.0">
<elevation id="66DAC359CC0EEA02464532325E531F69" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7269999999999999" unit="m" value="1727.0">1727 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="031D305E105A1DC95F90C3038F5B6263" value="1962-05-28">
<collectingDate id="5F34449073591DF2312BA1F1C0AB956E" value="1962-05-28">28 May 1962</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<collectionCode id="49F0CB2E3A5F3E17FD889AD54E98EAA5" country="Mongolia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13598" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13598" name="Mongolian Academy of Sciences" type="Herbarium">UBA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="580B44DDE23D4BA055E85C0F321CC169" collectingDate="1962-05-17" collectionCode="UBA" country="Mongolia" county="Umnugovi province" elevation="1463" latitude="42.687252" location="Baruun" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="105.219025" municipality="Nomgon" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCounty id="BE86F39F557DB5BAB8374F3C78268B74">Umnugovi province</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="985AFE9AAEF0551DDCD8BB4D6FE15FC4">Nomgon</collectingMunicipality>
soum,
<location id="C98D1808C4E8AF489638914C4252953A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F53FE1E1AEB1586E8FBFB0018BD2450F:C98D1808C4E8AF489638914C4252953A" country="Mongolia" county="Umnugovi province" latitude="42.687252" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="105.219025" municipality="Nomgon" name="Baruun">Baruun</location>
tsohiotiin
<location id="E71879D579F31CB544B60ACD2EFCAC15" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F53FE1E1AEB1586E8FBFB0018BD2450F:E71879D579F31CB544B60ACD2EFCAC15" country="Mongolia" county="Umnugovi province" latitude="42.687252" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="105.219025" municipality="Nomgon" name="Khudag">Khudag</location>
,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EFNAI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[105.219028,42.687250]}">
<geoCoordinate id="873EA5129025318FCE678C70FDCE3795" degrees="42" direction="north" minutes="41" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="14.1" value="42.687252">42 ° 41 ' 14.1 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="65B5E4EE957BBC5AFCA560F1579D2BE8" degrees="105" direction="east" minutes="13" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="8.5" value="105.219025">105 ° 13 ' 8.5 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<quantity id="9B0B9DC2B253CEBEB318F8DB5D9555FD" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.463" unit="m" value="1463.0">
<elevation id="4CE0AF987E0EC4DC8507C0F002AF628F" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.463" unit="m" value="1463.0">1463 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="38DE7CA7193A24D3118BAF383D118D41" value="1962-05-17">
<collectingDate id="2C32D33E857B9CF986DAE2B8C14EF4B3" value="1962-05-17">17 May 1962</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<collectionCode id="3A2537AA7F0A83592B21598B011EF901" country="Mongolia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13598" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13598" name="Mongolian Academy of Sciences" type="Herbarium">UBA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="7F375CF3F9D5CCDB0018A03F7F0FEF01" collectingDate="1962-06-25" collectionCode="UBA" country="Mongolia" county="Umnugovi province" elevation="2229" latitude="43.737926" location="Khaalgiin" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="103.56969" municipality="Dundsaikhan mountain" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bulgan">
<collectingCounty id="9DB769E56D930A0E1245686B6F99D00D">Umnugovi province</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingRegion id="3C78DBC021E3511E55CA3A74830166C4" country="Mongolia" name="Bulgan">Bulgan</collectingRegion>
soum,
<collectingMunicipality id="C658895984AFF4B755CEE4821FB2BFA6">Dundsaikhan mountain</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="D176791A81D1E7EE17BADCA11159294B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F53FE1E1AEB1586E8FBFB0018BD2450F:D176791A81D1E7EE17BADCA11159294B" country="Mongolia" county="Umnugovi province" latitude="43.737926" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="103.56969" municipality="Dundsaikhan mountain" name="Khaalgiin" stateProvince="Bulgan">Khaalgiin</location>
sair,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0ENNAI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[103.569689,43.737925]}">
<geoCoordinate id="20FFA85530FEB37211A5B1F8EE13BF91" degrees="43" direction="north" minutes="44" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="16.53" value="43.737926">43 ° 44 ' 16.53 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="CDBC4E0CA9FFE79761DE166F7B71C5F6" degrees="103" direction="east" minutes="34" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="10.88" value="103.56969">103 ° 34 ' 10.88 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<quantity id="2664D4134283A6782C928B3742FA563C" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.229" unit="m" value="2229.0">
<elevation id="3D59DD20A52A8D8C47FFA808652B78DC" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.229" unit="m" value="2229.0">2229 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="3569207EEE69C739A7FEC4D1B5488810" value="1962-06-25">
<collectingDate id="D6E1A38DF0BF5948889CBFE30D373FFF" value="1962-06-25">25 June 1962</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<collectionCode id="6B55BDB77F007F2EA7D02BAA488C25B9" country="Mongolia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13598" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13598" name="Mongolian Academy of Sciences" type="Herbarium">UBA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="4AB79759693738D14EA695FA5C24323E" collectingDate="1973-07-06" collectorName="Ts. Jamsran" country="Mongolia" elevation="1631" latitude="43.098804" location="Khurmen" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="104.19428" municipality="Umnugovi province" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bulgan">
<collectingMunicipality id="DD34CF901CEAD917E45F97476E62F07E">Umnugovi province</collectingMunicipality>
,
<quantity id="6FDD4D49FAC449ADA3164587F32EE4E7" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="km" value="20.0">20 km</quantity>
southeast from
<location id="84BF5E1E9CC6E7A334499A45BA84BEF9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F53FE1E1AEB1586E8FBFB0018BD2450F:84BF5E1E9CC6E7A334499A45BA84BEF9" country="Mongolia" latitude="43.098804" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="104.19428" municipality="Umnugovi province" name="Khurmen" stateProvince="Bulgan">Khurmen</location>
soum,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EVNAI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[104.194278,43.098806]}">
<geoCoordinate id="6A303B12B1C8279038371CE152112C77" degrees="43" direction="north" minutes="5" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="55.7" value="43.098804">43 ° 5 ' 55.7 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="45678687470040A633B22CCF6CC14618" degrees="104" direction="east" minutes="11" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="39.4" value="104.19428">104 ° 11 ' 39.4 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<quantity id="23150B2EFA5192119EF38B19C621790D" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6309999999999998" unit="m" value="1631.0">
<elevation id="AA4D0D1A56D40ADBCB967E2618017CCB" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6309999999999998" unit="m" value="1631.0">1631 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="FD1F13471E8AE26E495006B37CA356F5" value="1973-07-06">
<collectingDate id="BF5F4FF8F2423D7E34322ABE96CEF7BA" value="1973-07-06">06 July 1973</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="1F20E632036C5B0876C6374A7D5C96EF" italics="true">
<collectorName id="3B314525974C20DE8C73041FC08FCAB5">Ts. Jamsran</collectorName>
</emphasis>
(UBU 0026387)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="F7BDD6FC5509C932C4E29F24191C7AD3" collectingDate="1976-09-05" collectionCode="UBA" collectorName="Ch. Sanchir" country="Mongolia" county="Umnugovi province" elevation="1715" location="Zuramtai mountain" municipality="Bayandalai" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bulgan">
<collectingCounty id="9BE26565C47E48FDA6C7D685D804D250">Umnugovi province</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="FE2E2DF8BD18424ABAB19F6B191FC73C">Bayandalai</collectingMunicipality>
soum, northern part of
<location id="FCCAC1961509946D95BB34E78BBD7FB9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F53FE1E1AEB1586E8FBFB0018BD2450F:FCCAC1961509946D95BB34E78BBD7FB9" country="Mongolia" county="Umnugovi province" municipality="Bayandalai" name="Zuramtai mountain" stateProvince="Bulgan">Zuramtai mountain</location>
,
<quantity id="5C010D16426763891F37F4B2ABE8FA90" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7149999999999999" unit="m" value="1715.0">
<elevation id="509B9C82B3B61914B81B46987657A1CF" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7149999999999999" unit="m" value="1715.0">1715 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="75E367D31BCB9CCAF83CD3CEA9036407" value="1976-09-05">
<collectingDate id="2475E4EA4501A8DF10EFB235484F22CC" value="1976-09-05">05 September 1976</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B7F3CCA569D3AF583F457C477D86C10F" italics="true">
<collectorName id="594AC3152DB66E2374DFDAFDA5A3194F">Ch. Sanchir</collectorName>
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="F21A38764EB7589788216C5BFA7634F4" country="Mongolia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13598" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13598" name="Mongolian Academy of Sciences" type="Herbarium">UBA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="E51FC73DB435ADEA6FF1E4D22187A700" collectingDate="1979-07-14" collectorName="I. A. Gubanov" country="Mongolia" elevation="2000" latitude="44.441223" location="Jinst mountain" longLatPrecision="11" longitude="99.22667" municipality="Shinejinst" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bayanhongor">
<collectingRegion id="1ECFAD08C5876E58CE403CB23065138F" country="Mongolia" name="Bayanhongor">Bayankhongor province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="2B692E85E1AFE450CF87007EDC32BF82">Shinejinst</collectingMunicipality>
soum,
<location id="A1CE3671409BC348ABE7755926BA6D33" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F53FE1E1AEB1586E8FBFB0018BD2450F:A1CE3671409BC348ABE7755926BA6D33" country="Mongolia" latitude="44.441223" longLatPrecision="11" longitude="99.22667" municipality="Shinejinst" name="Jinst mountain" stateProvince="Bayanhongor">Jinst mountain</location>
,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EBOAI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[99.226667,44.441222]}">
<geoCoordinate id="1570243678E5ABCF09B68A51AB367768" degrees="44" direction="north" minutes="26" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="28.4" value="44.441223">44 ° 26 ' 28.4 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="C64A2899225AA90A18A6AAA261B8C8E1" degrees="99" direction="east" minutes="13" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="36" value="99.22667">99 ° 13 ' 36 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<quantity id="139323B834A1E909A899DB1A691E88AF" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="m" value="2000.0">
<elevation id="145973BEB0B77180338A23A5E49980B7" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="m" value="2000.0">2000 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="5C8B139C1BEC563814F00C08D0A8BC7A" value="1979-07-14">
<collectingDate id="EA5F28A12B16BD74A4542DE86AC1810E" value="1979-07-14">14 July 1979</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="1BAA871BBF9FCD211478C045598D6959">
I.
<emphasis id="5DDC6BA71AEE86171FF856B12BB60BE8" italics="true">A. Gubanov</emphasis>
</collectorName>
(MW 0593124, MW 0593125)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="E72029AB4A298BE95C025260A77D88EF" collectingDate="1979-09-08" collectionCode="UBA" collectorName="V. I. Grubov &amp; Sh. Dariimaa" country="Mongolia" county="Umnugovi province" elevation="2200" latitude="43.20482" location="Noyon Bogd mountain" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="101.84436" municipality="Noyon" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bayanhongor">
<collectingCounty id="0C613F53D1611CDCB7E88D10FC25BC9D">Umnugovi province</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="206DE48606B89D678E2F011217E76CBF">Noyon</collectingMunicipality>
soum,
<location id="967DD6618C8E7DFE5C794ACA106315D1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F53FE1E1AEB1586E8FBFB0018BD2450F:967DD6618C8E7DFE5C794ACA106315D1" country="Mongolia" county="Umnugovi province" latitude="43.20482" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="101.84436" municipality="Noyon" name="Noyon Bogd mountain" stateProvince="Bayanhongor">Noyon Bogd mountain</location>
,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0ELOAI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[101.844356,43.204819]}">
<geoCoordinate id="7CD76307403BDF75869F923AB07EB36E" degrees="43" direction="north" minutes="12" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="17.35" value="43.20482">43 ° 12 ' 17.35 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="E9D64ED976D81047B3B2C81733BF55EE" degrees="101" direction="east" minutes="50" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="39.68" value="101.84436">101 ° 50 ' 39.68 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<quantity id="7409336E652615F944F92198F39F4DA3" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" unit="m" value="2200.0">
<elevation id="EC86FD28566D90EBCF41FB9E9E8CA15A" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" unit="m" value="2200.0">2200 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="C4D1A377FF84422813425475AE5F91FB" value="1979-09-08">
<collectingDate id="0E94D6FB9648AA83FF8779230B3E5F72" value="1979-09-08">08 September 1979</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="BB363619120481F45C13FB2C6CEBE387" italics="true">
<collectorName id="0E06D83AF5ECD634314CADA10200BC39">V. I. Grubov</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="BD302DBFD498531A2DFC5702BA312E2E">Sh. Dariimaa</collectorName>
</emphasis>
(
<collectionCode id="F9C7C9D84AB6D548D1D9727F1A2CC5B2" country="Mongolia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13598" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:13598" name="Mongolian Academy of Sciences" type="Herbarium">UBA</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="68AF31B38DCB0D0B3C6B8FB294B1BB34" collectingDate="1982-08-26" collectorName="I. A. Gubanov" country="Mongolia" county="Umnugovi province" elevation="1900" latitude="43.647" location="Zuulun mountain" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="102.3493" municipality="Sewrei" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bayanhongor">
<collectingCounty id="7A2CD7ECC683BB5BA3DC2DCB854228DE">Umnugovi province</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="CEAE105AE0780879B706A3098EFB58E6">Sewrei</collectingMunicipality>
soum,
<location id="C63036CEB2FA4A1440F8A121841CF290" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F53FE1E1AEB1586E8FBFB0018BD2450F:C63036CEB2FA4A1440F8A121841CF290" country="Mongolia" county="Umnugovi province" latitude="43.647" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="102.3493" municipality="Sewrei" name="Zuulun mountain" stateProvince="Bayanhongor">Zuulun mountain</location>
,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EVOAI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[102.349294,43.646997]}">
<geoCoordinate id="61EC5EDA610020486C41757E5856824C" degrees="43" direction="north" minutes="38" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="49.19" value="43.647">43 ° 38 ' 49.19 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="F269B7CCF6A703BD85E2D8E8E79C76F1" degrees="102" direction="east" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="57.46" value="102.3493">102 ° 20 ' 57.46 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<quantity id="0C584DEE24425A9F344988D0235B1097" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" unit="m" value="1900.0">
<elevation id="F56F60819EFD2767F8445D63A8ABA38E" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" unit="m" value="1900.0">1900 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="AC128FB2AD4B4A0A107054E1860B9189" value="1982-08-26">
<collectingDate id="9121640CE8348977E9A7D7C28E5D6B7D" value="1982-08-26">26 August 1982</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="A920BDC7510EAAB02E6A3B85F90907ED" italics="true">
<collectorName id="6AE52B592D6CB30849CD4D9DD63CB978">I. A. Gubanov</collectorName>
</emphasis>
(MW 0593123)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="F61C71D5A99E1EA29924737D4BDC6342" collectingDate="1982-09-01" collectorName="I. A. Gubanov" country="Mongolia" county="Umnugovi province" elevation="1800" latitude="42.993202" location="Khachig mountain" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="105.67646" municipality="Dalanzadgad" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bayanhongor">
<collectingCounty id="E8BDFBFD57E2B5892341762C74BB9FE0">Umnugovi province</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6B694DAC80FF88073B9EBAE74BA75A81">Dalanzadgad</collectingMunicipality>
soum,
<location id="0F36B60B1C2E6EC5B27463EF13D85C40" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F53FE1E1AEB1586E8FBFB0018BD2450F:0F36B60B1C2E6EC5B27463EF13D85C40" country="Mongolia" county="Umnugovi province" latitude="42.993202" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="105.67646" municipality="Dalanzadgad" name="Khachig mountain" stateProvince="Bayanhongor">Khachig mountain</location>
,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E6OAI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[105.676464,42.993203]}">
<geoCoordinate id="F440A2827345F24C2FBDF20B413B8CDF" degrees="42" direction="north" minutes="59" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="35.53" value="42.993202">42 ° 59 ' 35.53 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="6A20D2D83B9411B16CD403B1F8BDCA1F" degrees="105" direction="east" minutes="40" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="35.27" value="105.67646">105 ° 40 ' 35.27 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<quantity id="59C8E7AB4C569CD55C3A58D128EC72CE" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" unit="m" value="1800.0">
<elevation id="AE816EA641D4EB84855C15F126131E36" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" unit="m" value="1800.0">1800 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="2CBA42ACDED39D7FEE2E43D79535F1FB" value="1982-09-01">
<collectingDate id="5403584075E95C52C3D408DFA283F710" value="1982-09-01">01 September 1982</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="48AB843C423F1676BBDFA434EAFBAA45" italics="true">
<collectorName id="F9594A3E77C238D39AA32C9ACB1AC3CF">I. A. Gubanov</collectorName>
</emphasis>
(MW 0183265)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="C1C85C75F1355AC0DE042E1574B488B8" collectingDate="1988-06-22" collectorName="H. D. Knapp" country="Mongolia" county="Umnugovi province" elevation="1242" latitude="44.379997" location="Chanaijn Kharaa mountain" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="104.28001" municipality="Khankhongor" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bayanhongor">
<collectingCounty id="3F73AF1C5D6D03AF868C8410A55E0ED7">Umnugovi province</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="DD8FA7196E8643A5D8C16B0A357B757C">Khankhongor</collectingMunicipality>
soum,
<location id="A9FF4FC5F8F63BCCE2F439A1679F5F13" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F53FE1E1AEB1586E8FBFB0018BD2450F:A9FF4FC5F8F63BCCE2F439A1679F5F13" country="Mongolia" county="Umnugovi province" latitude="44.379997" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="104.28001" municipality="Khankhongor" name="Chanaijn Kharaa mountain" stateProvince="Bayanhongor">Chanaijn Kharaa mountain</location>
,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EJPAI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[104.280000,44.380000]}">
<geoCoordinate id="83A26CEADE9F3B8246D857779782487B" degrees="44" direction="north" minutes="22" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="48" value="44.379997">44 ° 22 ' 48 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="668F815E266020193A22C5B797E5F955" degrees="104" direction="east" minutes="16" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="48" value="104.28001">104 ° 16 ' 48 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<quantity id="D6D149D5C433A79C39219FC956547431" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.242" unit="m" value="1242.0">
<elevation id="EDA70E810A0A5A1063E2F9C31E9281B9" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.242" unit="m" value="1242.0">1242 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="3E736060B17AAFDF065FE69C24AFA4AB" value="1988-06-22">
<collectingDate id="D55C1FD5AB0EE66A9BCEFC99933884DC" value="1988-06-22">22 June 1988</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="0080A7FF5E355DEB34BB5DCAF742168B" italics="true">
<collectorName id="C16810CEE5210E5B356419625922D9F7">H. D. Knapp</collectorName>
</emphasis>
(GFW 45639)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="E06AABB6506A0A20C4B768064564FC4C" collectingDate="2007-06-16" collectorName="Ts. Jamsran" country="Mongolia" county="Umnugovi province" elevation="1910" latitude="43.175625" location="Ikh Argalant mountain" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="103.59026" municipality="Bayandalai" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bayanhongor">
<collectingCounty id="2850815B2A86E1EC017A42A81946E974">Umnugovi province</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="3DA7958A13DE659CBFE7BE7E9E93D60A">Bayandalai</collectingMunicipality>
soum,
<location id="1982A9CAF25C9725BCD44291190C7BA3" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F53FE1E1AEB1586E8FBFB0018BD2450F:1982A9CAF25C9725BCD44291190C7BA3" country="Mongolia" county="Umnugovi province" latitude="43.175625" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="103.59026" municipality="Bayandalai" name="Ikh Argalant mountain" stateProvince="Bayanhongor">Ikh Argalant mountain</location>
,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0ETPAI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[103.590258,43.175622]}">
<geoCoordinate id="91AE1FA3C95C68DBC5233AEC971FB493" degrees="43" direction="north" minutes="10" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="32.24" value="43.175625">43 ° 10 ' 32.24 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="D0D9B7C8A955FA9CDFE724EFE211B35B" degrees="103" direction="east" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="24.93" value="103.59026">103 ° 35 ' 24.93 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<quantity id="D040DB5C07BEFCBC866F8C6ED80B631A" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.91" unit="m" value="1910.0">
<elevation id="FD54706EA66B0E49C0FA372313D8F659" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.91" unit="m" value="1910.0">1910 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="9BC9A4F377E3D473D85C1915E4414FCC" value="2007-06-16">
<collectingDate id="A29744382537E6CF727CD2DD5A93724B" value="2007-06-16">16 June 2007</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="5AABE91D9D466FCBD51A9849A21ABDF7" italics="true">
<collectorName id="F9A11F63813AA363E917F9A575914208">Ts. Jamsran</collectorName>
</emphasis>
(UBU 0030804)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="AA129345024FEF6C9888BB6B9DEDE504" collectingDate="2013-06-08" collectorName="Ch. Sanchir" country="Mongolia" elevation="1170" latitude="42.949306" location="Bayan-Ovoo" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="106.153694" municipality="Umnugovi province" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bayanhongor">
<collectingMunicipality id="445BB34BDE921AA29EFECEA1AD476EAB">Umnugovi province</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="D141160F87569694370F85FC1857B8DF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F53FE1E1AEB1586E8FBFB0018BD2450F:D141160F87569694370F85FC1857B8DF" country="Mongolia" latitude="42.949306" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="106.153694" municipality="Umnugovi province" name="Bayan-Ovoo" stateProvince="Bayanhongor">Bayan-Ovoo</location>
soum,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E4PAI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[106.153694,42.949306]}">
<geoCoordinate id="4FE9F588944A4C906976C879814B16F9" degrees="42" direction="north" minutes="56" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="57.5" value="42.949306">42 ° 56 ' 57.5 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="C35E871C1F5CAE3838CAEA160E688381" degrees="106" direction="east" minutes="9" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="13.3" value="106.153694">106 ° 9 ' 13.3 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<quantity id="5DCAA5AA48AC6A1DF984A8EBCAC95565" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.17" unit="m" value="1170.0">
<elevation id="960F31609CC5EFBF1A4637FFB40FBCB3" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.17" unit="m" value="1170.0">1170 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="92ABF7BA53FEB1F222A23D54E612EFF7" value="2013-06-08">
<collectingDate id="B123590445E5F39ABAF6E212BCA76A93" value="2013-06-08">08 June 2013</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="E5E99905E4A074A4C688AD5E12D0DF7F" italics="true">
<collectorName id="8D7D3BE9AFF65A06397577A01AE835C3">Ch. Sanchir</collectorName>
</emphasis>
(UBU 0032442)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="5DB75E87DE6A8116FC26E54841549A26" country="Mongolia" location="Alashan Gobi region" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bayanhongor">
<location id="A84647B76BACC93E43E0BD158AA9BAF0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F53FE1E1AEB1586E8FBFB0018BD2450F:A84647B76BACC93E43E0BD158AA9BAF0" country="Mongolia" name="Alashan Gobi region" stateProvince="Bayanhongor">Alashan Gobi region</location>
</materialsCitation>
: •
<materialsCitation id="F2367A2A843F49F5468EAE2ECC7A934E" collectingDate="1989-07-31" collectorName="I. A. Gubanov" country="Mongolia" county="Umnugovi province" elevation="1363" latitude="42.171757" location="Khalzan mountain" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="105.262215" municipality="Alashaa Gobi" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bayanhongor">
<collectingCounty id="41E9CB3E6C0416EFA0117F1FCE3BB1F7">Umnugovi province</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="DC8B922FF412D06056A8912B11B11501">Alashaa Gobi</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="A929EEBAEDC2F5D340EEFFF57AB8B9CB" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F53FE1E1AEB1586E8FBFB0018BD2450F:A929EEBAEDC2F5D340EEFFF57AB8B9CB" country="Mongolia" county="Umnugovi province" latitude="42.171757" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="105.262215" municipality="Alashaa Gobi" name="Khalzan mountain" stateProvince="Bayanhongor">Khalzan mountain</location>
,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EHQAI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[105.262214,42.171756]}">
<geoCoordinate id="D0A8974A8CF7B977D034CF120307A5BF" degrees="42" direction="north" minutes="10" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="18.32" value="42.171757">42 ° 10 ' 18.32 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="2593AF80709FA181FFCB3CAB3ED1D2C3" degrees="105" direction="east" minutes="15" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="43.97" value="105.262215">105 ° 15 ' 43.97 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<quantity id="621C609FA415627E96AB60CE63B9EEF2" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.363" unit="m" value="1363.0">
<elevation id="E2BA927DDA12360E6E6B073D8F2D0716" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.363" unit="m" value="1363.0">1363 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="677E17A8C4F5E45B9D33A62DA9488ECD" value="1989-07-31">
<collectingDate id="336ED9ABDC23EED3F80690D334FFCC28" value="1989-07-31">31 July 1989</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="098C2EDFAD13A7FE43C575CF5A24B480" italics="true">
<collectorName id="8D1D8A9A78D3476D10C2524817C4B1F3">I. A. Gubanov</collectorName>
</emphasis>
(MW 0183261)
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="450D214EA55BBFC358D2653E676E1268" collectorName="Ariuntuya" country="Mongolia" county="Umnugovi province" elevation="1208" latitude="42.55976" location="Borzon" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="105.166336" municipality="Nomgon" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Bayanhongor">
<collectingCounty id="576E50A7652575CB21ED3051586915BC">Umnugovi province</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="98DAE9BB17940A8D77FD775499233E29">Nomgon</collectingMunicipality>
soum,
<location id="5EE7729449F82907EA142990AE5CBA89" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F53FE1E1AEB1586E8FBFB0018BD2450F:5EE7729449F82907EA142990AE5CBA89" country="Mongolia" county="Umnugovi province" latitude="42.55976" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="105.166336" municipality="Nomgon" name="Borzon" stateProvince="Bayanhongor">Borzon</location>
govi,
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0ERQAI" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[105.166333,42.559761]}">
<geoCoordinate id="664C5769DA47A9A145E454F597A28200" degrees="42" direction="north" minutes="33" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="35.14" value="42.55976">42 ° 33 ' 35.14 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="C20A0DF8EBD373979F90E92FBB9B8A07" degrees="105" direction="east" minutes="9" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="58.8" value="105.166336">105 ° 9 ' 58.8 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
,
<quantity id="129C2797957A9C715BA0C32E49EA23AD" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.208" unit="m" value="1208.0">
<elevation id="4F6EBC5DD6BC43A5D639AE0EDD9C68A4" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.208" unit="m" value="1208.0">1208 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, 2003,
<emphasis id="73E719BFDDF09BBC1B6D57200F69AE72" italics="true">
<collectorName id="3E210B01ECF414CE1586238D1C5CBBE0">Ariuntuya</collectorName>
</emphasis>
(UBU 0012226)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

390
data/FF/4C/86/FF4C86D8B7F45F98B793981B46FD81F7.xml Normal file
View file

@ -0,0 +1,390 @@
<document id="FF4789C53939C390ED95060781573492" ID-DOI="10.3897/jhr.98.141572" ID-ZooBank="57580D57-10C7-4FE2-A997-624E3CE20BE5" ID-publisher-id="141572" URI-arpha="58DE049E-D024-5282-A795-0E588202618E" URI-zoobank="http://zoobank.org/57580D57-10C7-4FE2-A997-624E3CE20BE5" article-type="research-article" checkinTime="1744125335037" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Kim, Jaehee, Kwon, Oh-Seok, Yamane, Seiki &amp; Choi, Moon Bo" docDate="2025" docId="FF4C86D8B7F45F98B793981B46FD81F7" docLanguage="en" docName="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 98: 435-465" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 98" docSource="https://jhr.pensoft.net/article/141572/download/xml/" docStyle="DocumentStyle:PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docStyleName="PensoftTaxPub.0000.journal_article.generic" docTitle="Vespa analis subsp. parallela Andre 1884" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" dtd-version="3.0" lastPageNumber="465" masterDocId="58DE049ED0245282A7950E588202618E" masterDocTitle="Comparative morphological analysis of mature larvae of eight Vespa Linnaeus, 1758 species (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) in South Korea" masterLastPageNumber="465" masterPageNumber="435" pageNumber="435" updateTime="1744126111890" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods id="FDE89BAED6B5BD5F4A945FAF72365E5A" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo id="61CF4BFF3D29C6DE8E46AD66B5323AA7">
<mods:title id="AAD5F697B257CD9B3241CF8951F62179">Comparative morphological analysis of mature larvae of eight Vespa Linnaeus, 1758 species (Hymenoptera, Vespidae) in South Korea</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name id="B0BC0F59A664A78EDE71A5409CE65361" type="personal">
<mods:role id="2FAB394D06E65F2883194B71DEFFCFC8">
<mods:roleTerm id="59FE275FD1D57F111656C1E4CD062D6E">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="9144A107171A331AC5B62FD2E93FFA10">Kim, Jaehee</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A96E38EB126737D0D683E51429FE8EA9" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4211-4232</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="A2A433CCD23C9C414CD5E9537E8CB41A">Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="373BD659D4456BE8B697E707B3396A3A" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F4C5D0AC1A7C70D224FB8423C49DA18D">
<mods:roleTerm id="D83CC6897FBE6065741BC69EE951BE29">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="8EB403BF7DAFEF6E7DB8F75D78B24880">Kwon, Oh-Seok</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="8D1D441B29267C54B962921B5C6D4721" type="ORCID">0000-0001-9075-3994</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="2B0316EAE586388F196E3556E9EC5AA3">Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="CD56CDF532A6FCCCA986315ED7DBDB49" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F7961864043F3D5B90BC4A088362E613">
<mods:roleTerm id="CB04620C4502E6CC9E727AACDFD77D4D">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="14B4CFFF82BF44D87672106E3AE59ED0">Yamane, Seiki</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="8C863B7044507802C60B3AEF768E7883">Department of Plant Medicine, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="507DDC3A35266883A91E47F07975B1D6" type="personal">
<mods:role id="F8F86C9E25AA97768B5D1A825D4D173A">
<mods:roleTerm id="DBAD700FDADAA9515F2C12CB5270D2DC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="3484EF12CACB071EF8EB877E46E7C425">Choi, Moon Bo</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="F4AC6A8E2EFD7E0DBA9826851E7175B7" type="ORCID">0000-0001-7742-3704</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="E97D012148A65748810A0E8CB050A7F7">Department of Applied Biology, College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="C603C1364E61FC1FF13A375BCEE5645E">text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem id="5B57EB163DEEDCFAD955CB3A546C1413" type="host">
<mods:titleInfo id="F5107613B7E7FBB2569C67BF8F552295">
<mods:title id="606F84921E962C27D631D8D470124B6D">Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="9E21929E6C5AD845D46EC4CC895ED03B">
<mods:date id="9FA913309940D6D07365ECC54B407A88">2025</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="BAD8E06CF2BAAE9A9E8B18CDE0657B3C" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="AEDF5B717BA4720976CE8373BC86EF9C">2025-04-08</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="2FE5588D45F8390C2F8B9CBB39FA1229" type="volume">
<mods:number id="EF27FCE1BAE621DE5A1A48A99BA7E3DA">98</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="FF1482C6F12DAB45DAF551C967F2686E" unit="page">
<mods:start id="43EA729084E82D1D68A3A47F586766DE">435</mods:start>
<mods:end id="5AB53D79DF3E2E6081F90BEC092EFD33">465</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:classification id="01D350C27F895A073E5495C72A933D3A">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="974BA765A2FCDE6637CC766D362475DE" type="DOI">10.3897/jhr.98.141572</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="B29198E79AD914E414AA4301903EC32C" type="ZooBank">57580D57-10C7-4FE2-A997-624E3CE20BE5</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="FF4C86D8B7F45F98B793981B46FD81F7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15175758" ID-Zenodo-Dep="15175758" ID-arpha="FF4C86D8-B7F4-5F98-B793-981B46FD81F7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FF4C86D8B7F45F98B793981B46FD81F7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/FF4C86D8B7F45F98B793981B46FD81F7">
<subSubSection id="CC62F1DF440DF98C1B5EA0184036BECC" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="F17155202F3F20F03BA7255B39777B58">
<taxonomicName id="D2B07B76072FFFBE5D82CE021BF4F45A" authority="Andre, 1884" authorityName="Andre" authorityYear="1884" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="analis" subSpecies="parallela">
<emphasis id="DE399833A5FED9CB46C56297B96446EE" italics="true">Vespa analis parallela</emphasis>
André, 1884
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EJEAG" type="description">
<paragraph id="0D99B7BE593BE5F2787B8F4B35E8A8F7">
<heading id="17B2A18D1BA83883B520E374FC039AFC" reason="title">Description.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C642A627190F8CC7975348DF45704689">
<emphasis id="8EF9EAF851E8E842ED5EC72E2FECD0FE" bold="true" italics="true">Head</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation id="F9990B49BF3460473B9249FF9E74739C" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Vespa analis parallela A outer surface of the right mandible in frontal view B ventral portion of the palatolabral junction, with the yellow ring indicating the presence of spicules C, D head in frontal view E labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view F apical portion of the right mandible. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B); 0.3 mm (C, D, G); 0.1 mm (E, F)" figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302719">6</figureCitation>
):
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYEAG" xlink_title="cranial width/mouthpart width ratio">
CW /
<collectionCode id="249AE208F6E11B870C49345EE2821AF7" country="Netherlands" name="Museum Wasmann">MW</collectionCode>
</abbrev>
= 1.62–1.84 (n = 30, mean 1.71). Cranium with moderate, irregular rugo-reticulation. Antenna positioned well behind the level of the dorsal margin of the clypeus (Fig.
<figureCitation id="FCAFF6113B535908080567E2AD1E22C9" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Vespa analis parallela A outer surface of the right mandible in frontal view B ventral portion of the palatolabral junction, with the yellow ring indicating the presence of spicules C, D head in frontal view E labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view F apical portion of the right mandible. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B); 0.3 mm (C, D, G); 0.1 mm (E, F)" figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302719">6 C, D</figureCitation>
), with a diameter of
<quantity id="EB814A0617FA3B0600222B6C9061519A" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" unit="mm" value="0.08">0.08 mm</quantity>
, rim thin yet strongly sclerotized. Temporal band (Fig.
<figureCitation id="A566654559656764624DF2E33D88871C" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Vespa analis parallela A outer surface of the right mandible in frontal view B ventral portion of the palatolabral junction, with the yellow ring indicating the presence of spicules C, D head in frontal view E labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view F apical portion of the right mandible. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B); 0.3 mm (C, D, G); 0.1 mm (E, F)" figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302719">6 C, D, G</figureCitation>
) generally distinct, with relatively weakly defined edges and margins, except for the strongly margined and depressed dorsal edge; inner part moderately ferruginous-pigmented, except in the dorsal and ventral one-third portions; ventral edge positioned at the same level or slightly lower than the dorsal margin of the antenna. Dotted patches on the frons faint; region around the frontal suture and frons with setae in variable numbers. Paired suprafrontal marks relatively weak (Fig.
<figureCitation id="9B835B16575ABA93B3D7E13BAA7C43F4" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Vespa analis parallela A outer surface of the right mandible in frontal view B ventral portion of the palatolabral junction, with the yellow ring indicating the presence of spicules C, D head in frontal view E labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view F apical portion of the right mandible. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B); 0.3 mm (C, D, G); 0.1 mm (E, F)" figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302719">6 D</figureCitation>
). Clypeus (Fig.
<figureCitation id="BFCDDE8E95921065FFCF5D3D16C0B2C1" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Vespa analis parallela A outer surface of the right mandible in frontal view B ventral portion of the palatolabral junction, with the yellow ring indicating the presence of spicules C, D head in frontal view E labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view F apical portion of the right mandible. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B); 0.3 mm (C, D, G); 0.1 mm (E, F)" figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302719">6 C, D</figureCitation>
) with a maximum width similar to or slightly less than the minimum distance between the antennae; dorsal margin of the main disc shallowly convex; dorsolateral corner bluntly angulate; lateral margins slightly curved, diverging ventrad, and widest at the level of the interior mandibular articulation, lacking sclerotized pigmented spots, except in the tentorial pits; main disc not very high, with a
<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMFAG" xlink_title="clypeal index">CLI</abbrev>
of 1.5–2; main disc with approximately 80 setae; ventral section distinctly transverse. Labrum (Fig.
<figureCitation id="78F26B4D19BC1F308710180B77E3E4BD" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Vespa analis parallela A outer surface of the right mandible in frontal view B ventral portion of the palatolabral junction, with the yellow ring indicating the presence of spicules C, D head in frontal view E labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view F apical portion of the right mandible. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B); 0.3 mm (C, D, G); 0.1 mm (E, F)" figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302719">6 B, E</figureCitation>
, left), extensively covered with sensory bristles. Palate (Fig. E, right) with tiny median patch absent or present (width × height ≤ 0.02 ×
<quantity id="4197E02822EA10C905E5801F261298D1" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="mm" value="0.02">0.02 mm</quantity>
) (Fig.
<figureCitation id="CBA4806AB5D9A42F3AC0C6591E76C8CB" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Vespa analis parallela A outer surface of the right mandible in frontal view B ventral portion of the palatolabral junction, with the yellow ring indicating the presence of spicules C, D head in frontal view E labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view F apical portion of the right mandible. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B); 0.3 mm (C, D, G); 0.1 mm (E, F)" figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302719">6 E</figureCitation>
); sclerotized patch short and mostly faint, with a few conical papillae (up to 4) in the proximal area. Conical papillae aligned in line along the ventral margin; spicules widely and sparsely distributed in the medioventral area and along the lateral margin dorsally (Fig.
<figureCitation id="2398324E399F2B0AA336E8B82B1815E3" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Vespa analis parallela A outer surface of the right mandible in frontal view B ventral portion of the palatolabral junction, with the yellow ring indicating the presence of spicules C, D head in frontal view E labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view F apical portion of the right mandible. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B); 0.3 mm (C, D, G); 0.1 mm (E, F)" figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302719">6 B</figureCitation>
). Mandible (Fig.
<figureCitation id="3EDB336F137F26309CB4C47DFDE712CA" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Vespa analis parallela A outer surface of the right mandible in frontal view B ventral portion of the palatolabral junction, with the yellow ring indicating the presence of spicules C, D head in frontal view E labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view F apical portion of the right mandible. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B); 0.3 mm (C, D, G); 0.1 mm (E, F)" figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302719">6 A, F</figureCitation>
) strongly sclerotized only in the extreme apical region, with numerous pits across the surface. Mandibular teeth smooth, sclerotized, and not strongly pronounced, with blunt apices (Fig.
<figureCitation id="8EF74194A538BB1315892F466581655D" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Vespa analis parallela A outer surface of the right mandible in frontal view B ventral portion of the palatolabral junction, with the yellow ring indicating the presence of spicules C, D head in frontal view E labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view F apical portion of the right mandible. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (A); 0.2 mm (B); 0.3 mm (C, D, G); 0.1 mm (E, F)" figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302719">6 F</figureCitation>
); teeth I and II more produced than III; with tooth I slightly more produced than tooth II, with a significantly wider base; tooth IIIa less produced than IIIb; teeth I and II separated at an angle of 60 ° – 80 °, II and IIIa at 50 ° – 80 °, and IIIa and IIIb at 75 ° – 105 °; dorsal margin of tooth II slightly convex; bifurcation point between teeth II and IIIa relatively shallow, often shallower than other bifurcation points. Maxillar with approximately 25 setae (Sometimes lower than 15 setae). Prementeum with approximately 25 setae.
</paragraph>
<caption id="928738A910C267051BB1115226391DDF" ID-DOI="10.3897/jhr.98.141572.figure6" ID-arpha="F6730559-5551-53B6-B788-95F0FAEBA1F6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1302719" startId="F6">
<paragraph id="71C59B57B1D048B0AF884064662955D0">
<label id="DC43AC271B747525C585614232BB731C">Figure 6.</label>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="516D5BFBF5EFF12DC5186DCBC04A5139">
<taxonomicName id="4687BD881BDF0DC4AA77EB02DE93A1BA" authorityName="Andre" authorityYear="1884" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="analis" subSpecies="parallela">
<emphasis id="A0C56E48E4251BA2D2277B754030706A" italics="true">Vespa analis parallela</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="3A1346AF7B7E5DAB7B9741784BBB98E5" bold="true">A</emphasis>
outer surface of the right mandible in frontal view
<emphasis id="77BD853A4FB87F696CD465B5EE6BA24D" bold="true">B</emphasis>
ventral portion of the palatolabral junction, with the yellow ring indicating the presence of spicules
<emphasis id="99F0EC5449AE7EE0FBB9F009A65BA7F8" bold="true">C, D</emphasis>
head in frontal view
<emphasis id="3A3C023E268EDF1C7470CBCEB1C41A88" bold="true">E</emphasis>
labrum (left) and palate (right) in frontal view
<emphasis id="66CEC4BE7AD07BDE7C91AE726D5565CD" bold="true">F</emphasis>
apical portion of the right mandible. Scale bars: 0.03 mm (
<emphasis id="B8F8D076B2530B2C81FC660E98A1BD4D" bold="true">A</emphasis>
); 0.2 mm (
<emphasis id="0F9AACD3A39B1B72F0063C756FFC050B" bold="true">B</emphasis>
); 0.3 mm (
<emphasis id="050BD0B28F2CB9178F37F7B44CA2117A" bold="true">C, D, G</emphasis>
); 0.1 mm (
<emphasis id="75664777DDF96B31DD914C1DD74BC6DD" bold="true">E, F</emphasis>
)
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="E7D18C58D7A0DD942D8708EBFF8721C9">
<emphasis id="E176EF1DC381255F02294C8183A2F01A" bold="true" italics="true">Body</emphasis>
(thorax and abdomen): Body
<quantity id="B3E9A987B58EF0317B3BC8EA3510FBC4" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.45" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="2.2" unit="mm" value="24.5" valueMax="27.0" valueMin="22.0">22–27 mm</quantity>
in length (n = 30, mean
<quantity id="FEC7FE6CA4402D6EC0A8D6CD81E49922" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.36" unit="mm" value="23.6">23.6 mm</quantity>
) and
<quantity id="26AA6A50C2634E1C6C8ACA7E36123A11" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.1" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="mm" value="10.5" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="10.0">10–11 mm</quantity>
in width (mean
<quantity id="193FB7518BCE591D5EC501642214B16C" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0699999999999998" unit="mm" value="10.7">10.7 mm</quantity>
); third, fourth, and fifth integuments with dense setae; spicules near spiracle 1 sparse and short. Largest spiracle
<quantity id="2245C68788D8EF6CB364ACB6765233EF" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
in diameter and shallow; approximately 0.7 times the size ratio of spiracles 1, 2, and 10, with sparse processes under
<quantity id="AEC93829702FF550160CBCE2D181E871" metricMagnitude="-6" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" unit="mm" value="0.0025">0.0025 mm</quantity>
in length on the inner edge; spiracular rim
<quantity id="E2609BEDC81E4753A1E454989E6D75AE" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="mm" value="0.04">0.04 mm</quantity>
in thickness with smaller and more sparse spicules on spiracles 1, 2, and 10.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0EZHAG" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="A973C3B18602038EE6CC018FA546A1C1">
<heading id="FF491446652C93B6698EB41640B34B9A" reason="title">Remarks.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="88AEDC8A57976DA9FF8A33D147533714">
Similar to
<taxonomicName id="51A3069C3FC0C2D3362B3D8E446920E9" authorityName="du Buysson" authorityYear="1905" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="velutina" subSpecies="nigrithorax">
<emphasis id="CE09B2AE7DFD85BF25D27549346DFAAE" italics="true">V. velutina nigrithorax</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="BBFD0B64A939B36FAA2AE7979E0FA862" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1868" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="simillima" subSpecies="simillima">
<emphasis id="712DBCB842DBEA112668A03DEBBF2109" italics="true">V. simillima simillima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, this species has a relatively narrow clypeus, with a width comparable to or less than the minimum distance between the antennae, and lackse. However, unlike
<taxonomicName id="D175C680CC3B0FECF2262AFB399F6E93" authorityName="Lepeletier" authorityYear="1836" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="velutina">
<emphasis id="259854323FB370248AA1D64A28146014" italics="true">V. velutina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="86E32CC7CB8AEF34DE96673D565AD2F2" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1868" class="Insecta" family="Vespidae" genus="Vespa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="simillima">
<emphasis id="2CE6C7A5E75AB478866B935B103ECA5E" italics="true">V. simillima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, this species has abundant pits on the outer surface of the mandible.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="SECID0ETJAG" type="material">
<paragraph id="886C7E743BB762F48502662DC1C24E6E">
<heading id="D1BD3FFDCD83C67BADB4B3CA95278174" reason="title">Specimens examined.</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="791832039B9F91EF53236FDB3617F90B">
<materialsCitation id="5DA0640B25AE37E15777AE1B774E9938" collectingDate="2021-09-14" collectorName="Choi" country="South Korea" latitude="37.845833" location="Gapyeong-gun" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="127.51222" municipality="Gangwon-do" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry id="3C24B8F3711CC4056F20ABA2E3E6A100" name="South Korea">South Korea</collectingCountry>
• 10 mature larvae;
<collectingMunicipality id="11BFF9BC4C9A541274C1EB1812636FAF">Gangwon-do</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="BD27C5AA45138222F00FF61A177FBA78" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FF4C86D8B7F45F98B793981B46FD81F7:BD27C5AA45138222F00FF61A177FBA78" country="South Korea" latitude="37.845833" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="127.51222" municipality="Gangwon-do" name="Gapyeong-gun">Gapyeong-gun</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E3JAG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[127.512222,37.845833]}">
<geoCoordinate id="2EC9A2189BE959A18D0212F8D84ED9A2" degrees="37" direction="north" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="45" value="37.845833">37 ° 50 ' 45 N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="175A9B85247A12366631973832C69AEF" degrees="127" direction="east" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="44" value="127.51222">127 ° 30 ' 44 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="4DB942FCBD78909669931A3E386FD7CC" value="2021-09-14">
<collectingDate id="2DDF29C7C3C6D3207BBB496004BC791D" value="2021-09-14">14 Sept. 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="B1F028B00B49FF81134A50433E8DA909">Choi</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="A0A5F816314DC330A8E0FDB7547D6654" collectingDate="2021-09-15" collectorName="Choi &amp; Ma" country="South Korea" latitude="36.261665" location="Gunwi-gun" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.51" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">
10 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="89B3594E7DDB69F7BDC122F830506D54" country="South Korea" name="Gyeongbuk">Gyeongsangbuk-do</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="5F72861649D62E5B498E188D6D012A1D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FF4C86D8B7F45F98B793981B46FD81F7:5F72861649D62E5B498E188D6D012A1D" country="South Korea" latitude="36.261665" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.51" name="Gunwi-gun" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">Gunwi-gun</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EDKAG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[128.510000,36.261667]}">
<geoCoordinate id="7873E8AD4ACB38B2605369EC6FB83B61" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="42" value="36.261665">36 ° 15 ' 42 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="3DB8A573D321FA5458A8748ED6A84E13" degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="30" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="36" value="128.51">128 ° 30 ' 36 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="9FDC171D579D323EB470D0D437636EB5" value="2021-09-15">
<collectingDate id="E3362191E34F770D26156541AB7A6FC8" value="2021-09-15">15 Sept. 2021</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="A5C751DEB620661DFBC9D4BCD4D430C2">Choi</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="D094AD3FCB1DF2E2E39A6B85866CD7AE">Ma</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="C75616360591EB7316C38B6E99DC14BC" collectingDate="2022-07-19" collectorName="Choi &amp; Ma" country="South Korea" latitude="36.560833" location="Sejong-si" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="127.24611" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Chungbuk">
5 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="08931D57956714D87C4521ED7F2843B8" country="South Korea" name="Chungbuk">Chungcheongbuk-do</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="9A5A163855B1718D599416178D56C0F4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FF4C86D8B7F45F98B793981B46FD81F7:9A5A163855B1718D599416178D56C0F4" country="South Korea" latitude="36.560833" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="127.24611" name="Sejong-si" stateProvince="Chungbuk">Sejong-si</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0ELKAG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[127.246111,36.560833]}">
<geoCoordinate id="1731AF4EA1ACD01F70DD06C65363BE1E" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="33" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="39" value="36.560833">36 ° 33 ' 39 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="28D985A27009F63B61993A01364FD919" degrees="127" direction="east" minutes="14" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="46" value="127.24611">127 ° 14 ' 46 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="E7EE2CC4957C2BDE907E64A4C6302069" value="2022-07-19">
<collectingDate id="8A7DEC4AC7B17D7FEADDAE07148F4902" value="2022-07-19">19 July 2022</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="C725EDCFF881E4A34651818C7792C651">Choi</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="15742137F27EBDAD9E3C8042F55896E4">Ma</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="0906A1E1E48CD55548917E8600502D82" collectingDate="2022-08-05" collectorName="Ma" country="South Korea" latitude="36.005" location="Seongju-gun" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.2375" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">
7 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="695B0009F34BCBCD1DED4946EABF4FE1" country="South Korea" name="Gyeongbuk">Gyeongsangbuk-do</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="1D64E933A148900E77493B529777954B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FF4C86D8B7F45F98B793981B46FD81F7:1D64E933A148900E77493B529777954B" country="South Korea" latitude="36.005" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.2375" name="Seongju-gun" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">Seongju-gun</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0ETKAG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[128.237500,36.005000]}">
<geoCoordinate id="E800CB156A94748A9F79E20FE8DEFDD0" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="00" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="18" value="36.005">36 ° 00 ' 18 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="41A5D531637301CCD62B65D15DDB3C8D" degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="14" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="15" value="128.2375">128 ° 14 ' 15 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="C7248EEDCECC10114869449A37F04499" value="2022-08-05">
<collectingDate id="F4B4D2BC904AC7FEC811AD07972F0B3D" value="2022-08-05">5 Aug. 2022</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="121F112895F82F061C809976D294988D">Ma</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="CD69E61F88987D75DBB68C315F0B1E2B" collectingDate="2022-10-18" collectorName="Ma" country="South Korea" latitude="35.904446" location="Daegu" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.71277" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Daegu">
3 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="C95FFB1E754F7DD7B61B80B783416BA1" country="South Korea" name="Daegu">Daegu</collectingRegion>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E2KAG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[128.712778,35.904444]}">
<geoCoordinate id="79A1047E46CEC68666FDA4B727047966" degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="54" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="16" value="35.904446">35 ° 54 ' 16 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="12FB5BA35301041AAFB30989D26D4B32" degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="42" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="46" value="128.71277">128 ° 42 ' 46 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="351E08C7DCA1B89647592D87AEF7C70A" value="2022-10-18">
<collectingDate id="CEB3139D81BD3AAB3E0FB7FB43E9D711" value="2022-10-18">18 Oct. 2022</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="BAF2627A1CA5C651A3E397B4F1BF08DC">Ma</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="2A73E392B0F44D928226BACA6997DA25" collectingDate="2023-07-25" collectorName="Choi &amp; Kim" country="South Korea" latitude="34.98528" location="Goseong-si" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.14278" municipality="Mature" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongnam">
10
<collectingMunicipality id="B86A8C87DDBBA43C8AE41F82384135D3">Mature</collectingMunicipality>
larvae;
<collectingRegion id="8A9F93AED77C4B78071D8BAD602603D0" country="South Korea" name="Gyeongnam">Gyeongsangnam-do</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="CCB39F2672D991D7664A510C62963597" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FF4C86D8B7F45F98B793981B46FD81F7:CCB39F2672D991D7664A510C62963597" country="South Korea" latitude="34.98528" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.14278" municipality="Mature" name="Goseong-si" stateProvince="Gyeongnam">Goseong-si</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EDLAG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[128.142778,34.985278]}">
<geoCoordinate id="EFA88CB0DE1F04A5C5A2EA325F4E99DE" degrees="34" direction="north" minutes="59" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="07" value="34.98528">34 ° 59 ' 07 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="7BDB64439CAE7F20977707C396599FD1" degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="08" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="34" value="128.14278">128 ° 08 ' 34 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="1000DD6D319781BA4E56E2836FA6B870" value="2023-07-25">
<collectingDate id="B5E33D5651BD65CFA632224A4AD95961" value="2023-07-25">25 July 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="F5551E166944609D57A2696C5535C629">Choi</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="FBD14B73579CA0B8FBDF2505D640ADCA">Kim</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="660E8A861B71DFC17409FE5774A41BB8" collectingDate="2023-07-27" collectorName="Choi &amp; Kim" country="South Korea" latitude="35.86889" location="Daegu" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.52638" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Daegu">
20 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="42653562176E4C1E07ABC96C74ABB639" country="South Korea" name="Daegu">Daegu</collectingRegion>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0ELLAG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[128.526389,35.868889]}">
<geoCoordinate id="CACA0D4BA08B850C5BBB0DE5B39C2A6F" degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="52" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="08" value="35.86889">35 ° 52 ' 08 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="767DB487B569F59C1B6CDCE9CDB69896" degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="31" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="35" value="128.52638">128 ° 31 ' 35 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="9BACB518B42CF3FA9E88846B7B3617BB" value="2023-07-27">
<collectingDate id="0E061BBDE4CD16379DD0CF26A8F1D617" value="2023-07-27">27 July 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="F28A6B2229EAE3AD61A2B0480124432D">Choi</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="053C810454B14187970A4A84C7E41E4B">Kim</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="F39775D23ADEBA7F987B893933A8A501" collectingDate="2023-08-18" collectorName="Choi &amp; Kim" country="South Korea" latitude="36.549442" location="Andong-si" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.80305" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">
10 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="18BC664E0533FBD8FBFAC4465315A537" country="South Korea" name="Gyeongbuk">Gyeongsangbuk-do</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="68EE405D25157EF6A6C8D2379F4E0C54" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FF4C86D8B7F45F98B793981B46FD81F7:68EE405D25157EF6A6C8D2379F4E0C54" country="South Korea" latitude="36.549442" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="128.80305" name="Andong-si" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">Andong-si</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0ETLAG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[128.803056,36.549444]}">
<geoCoordinate id="A4C7432B08F6FD66956988A865682C7E" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="32" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="58" value="36.549442">36 ° 32 ' 58 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="963C598FA866C3EE86352484DE7BA1BF" degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="48" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="11" value="128.80305">128 ° 48 ' 11 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="C5FAA1DF9C2D4E14D8F368D1AF7DF3E1" value="2023-08-18">
<collectingDate id="E424EDFC8DD2A410965B07374B9CB92C" value="2023-08-18">18 Aug. 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="A95F5EDD4ACE5F2873CA62409EA5009F">Choi</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="BE5D2B7094FE3F4D26195CC270E81BFE">Kim</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="A172609E53534157173D8606AB5FA392" collectingDate="2023-08-22" collectorName="Choi &amp; Ma" country="South Korea" latitude="36.069443" location="Pohang-si" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="129.16222" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">
15 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="7EDBD47080D82287C4F6E811760755CC" country="South Korea" name="Gyeongbuk">Gyeongsangbuk-do</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="F89D7F21E0A43B3A353213FFC2975F4C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FF4C86D8B7F45F98B793981B46FD81F7:F89D7F21E0A43B3A353213FFC2975F4C" country="South Korea" latitude="36.069443" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="129.16222" name="Pohang-si" stateProvince="Gyeongbuk">Pohang-si</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0E2LAG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[129.162222,36.069444]}">
<geoCoordinate id="13739F811A873E21CC07244BCA4BC82C" degrees="36" direction="north" minutes="04" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="10" value="36.069443">36 ° 04 ' 10 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="74B7CCB442764D455E5411EE7A0349C2" degrees="129" direction="east" minutes="09" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="44" value="129.16222">129 ° 09 ' 44 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="C1720ACE7FF8FB6916EABE7A2FC22701" value="2023-08-22">
<collectingDate id="F2E26238AF213FC4ADED9BA52D52F85E" value="2023-08-22">22 Aug. 2023</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="F6CD4F2B6B67920918F604239EEBFF71">Choi</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="257F7FAF609A723804C514116E7EBB56">Ma</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
•
<materialsCitation id="0FB18CC7BA42930848FD3A24B844E098" collectingDate="2024-10-17" collectorName="Kim &amp; Ma" country="South Korea" latitude="35.579166" location="Jeongeup-si" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="126.902504" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Jeonbuk">
20 mature larvae;
<collectingRegion id="9B2659D0CE431E03577592EE978B9E71" country="South Korea" name="Jeonbuk">Jeollabuk-do</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="3B68FE3BAEAC813DB73D6173ACEACBBC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:FF4C86D8B7F45F98B793981B46FD81F7:3B68FE3BAEAC813DB73D6173ACEACBBC" country="South Korea" latitude="35.579166" longLatPrecision="19" longitude="126.902504" name="Jeongeup-si" stateProvince="Jeonbuk">Jeongeup-si</location>
;
<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EDMAG" specific-use="{&quot;type&quot;:&quot;Point&quot;,&quot;coordinates&quot;:[126.902500,35.579167]}">
<geoCoordinate id="8F9710A79886A29CBD4104245E5F5605" degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="34" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="45" value="35.579166">35 ° 34 ' 45 &quot; N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="5E84365015C0FD2F1D151CFC34F87C5C" degrees="126" direction="east" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="09" value="126.902504">126 ° 54 ' 09 &quot; E</geoCoordinate>
</named-content>
;
<date id="FBB5D1FF5D5399589B14A33603C3E956" value="2024-10-17">
<collectingDate id="9049316D61C33303784181AC167F4530" value="2024-10-17">17 Oct. 2024</collectingDate>
</date>
;
<collectorName id="D2265D649694718658812405D03E5C45">Kim</collectorName>
and
<collectorName id="006356CD5D73A8A89DFC8B14A0C62DE5">Ma</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>