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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1146.97517" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1146-43" ID-Pensoft-UUID="B1CCD44D55C25FFD8D9DE752139E864F" ID-ZooBank="01E76F6AB9914F339BD6991090F07E80" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1146-43" checkinTime="1675846382090" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Zamani, Alireza, Marusik, Yuri M. &amp; Szűts, Tamas" docDate="2023" docId="109EDCC1C8CE50918772C0B4B0A10F88" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1146: 43-86" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1146" docPubDate="2023-02-07" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1146.97517" docTitle="Dysdera medes Zamani &amp; Marusik &amp; Szűts 2023, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="ED370972-D544-4411-A52E-4599D12E3850" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="1" id="B1CCD44D55C25FFD8D9DE752139E864F" lastPageNumber="43" masterDocId="B1CCD44D55C25FFD8D9DE752139E864F" masterDocTitle="A survey of the spider genus Dysdera Latreille, 1804 (Araneae, Dysderidae) in Iran, with fourteen new species and notes on two fossil genera" masterLastPageNumber="86" masterPageNumber="43" pageNumber="43" updateTime="1675846382090" updateUser="pensoft">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>A survey of the spider genus Dysdera Latreille, 1804 (Araneae, Dysderidae) in Iran, with fourteen new species and notes on two fossil genera</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Zamani, Alireza</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8084-9666</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Zoological Museum, Biodiversity Unit, FI- 20014 University of Turku, Turku, Finland</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">zamani.alireza5@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Marusik, Yuri M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4499-5148</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Zoology &amp; Entomology, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein 9300, South Africa</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Szűts, Tamas</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8954-0641</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Ecology, University of Veterinary Medicine Budapest, Rottenbiller u. 50, Budapest, 1077, Hungary</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:title>ZooKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2023-02-07</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>1146</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>43</mods:start>
<mods:end>86</mods:end>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1146.97517</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1146.97517</mods:identifier>
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<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:ED370972-D544-4411-A52E-4599D12E3850" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/109EDCC1C8CE50918772C0B4B0A10F88" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<taxonomicName LSID="https://zoobank.org/ED370972-D544-4411-A52E-4599D12E3850" authority="Zamani &amp; Marusik &amp; Szűts, 2023" authorityName="Zamani &amp; Marusik &amp; Szűts" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Dysdera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dysdera medes" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medes" status="sp. nov.">Dysdera medes</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="43">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Male of Dysdera medes sp. nov., habitus A dorsal view B ventral view C lateral view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1146.97517.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/806638" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Figs 27A-C</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Male of Dysdera medes sp. nov., bulb A retrolateral view B prolateral view C anterior view D posterior view. Scale bars: 0.25 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1146.97517.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/806639" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">, 28A-D</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Holotype</emphasis>
♂ (ZMUT), Iran: Tehran Province: Tehran,
<geoCoordinate degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="43" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="35.716667">35°43'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="51" direction="east" minutes="24" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="51.4">51°24'E</geoCoordinate>
, 1994 (A. Savoji).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">The specific epithet is a noun in apposition, referring to an ancient Iranian people who inhabited an area known as Media between western and northern Iran.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
The male of the new species is similar to that of
<taxonomicName lsidName="D. granulata" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="granulata">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">D. granulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kulczyński">Kulczynski</normalizedToken>
, 1897 from Italy and the Balkan Peninsula, but differs by the shape of the tegulum (i.e., almost as wide as long, vs. 1.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
longer than wide), and by thinner psembolus (as wide as tegulum, vs. wider than tegulum). The male of
<taxonomicName lsidName="D. medes" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" rank="species" species="medes">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">D. medes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. differs from those of its congeners occurring in Iran by the very long median crest (i.e., longer than half of psembolus, vs. shorter), abrupt tip of psembolus in ventral and dorsal views (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Male of Dysdera medes sp. nov., bulb A retrolateral view B prolateral view C anterior view D posterior view. Scale bars: 0.25 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1146.97517.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/806639" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">28C, D</figureCitation>
) (vs. not abrupt), and posterior apophysis with two teeth (vs. one).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Male.</emphasis>
Habitus as in Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 27" captionStartId="F27" captionText="Figure 27. Male of Dysdera medes sp. nov., habitus A dorsal view B ventral view C lateral view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1146.97517.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/806638" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">27A-C</figureCitation>
. Total length 10.0. Carapace 4.19 long, 3.17 wide. Eye diameters: AME 0.14, PME 0.14, PLE 0.14. Carapace, sternum, chelicerae, labium, and maxillae reddish brown. Legs orange. Abdomen greyish, without any pattern. Spinnerets uniformly dark yellowish. Measurements of legs: I: 12.33 (3.54, 2.03, 2.89, 3.00, 0.87), II: 13.50 (3.80, 2.40, 3.12, 3.29, 0.89), III: 9.99 (2.95, 1.59, 1.86, 2.69, 0.90), IV: 12.31 (3.73, 1.80, 2.46, 3.30, 1.02). Spination: I, II: no spines. III: Ti: 4pl, 2rl, 5v; Mt: 6pl, 3rl, 2v. IV: Fe: 7d; Ti: 7pl, 4rl, 8v; Mt: 7pl, 3rl, 4v.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1146.97517.figure27" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/806638" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" start="Figure 27" startId="F27">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Figure 27.</emphasis>
Male of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Zamani &amp; Marusik &amp; Szűts" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Dysdera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dysdera medes" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medes">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Dysdera medes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., habitus
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">A</emphasis>
dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">B</emphasis>
ventral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">C</emphasis>
lateral view. Scale bars: 1.0 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
Palp as in Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Male of Dysdera medes sp. nov., bulb A retrolateral view B prolateral view C anterior view D posterior view. Scale bars: 0.25 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1146.97517.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/806639" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">28A-D</figureCitation>
; bulb ca. 2.8
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
longer than wide; tegulum bell-shaped, almost as long as wide; psembolus 1.9
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
longer than tegulum; median crest rounded, ca. 2.42
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
shorter than length of psembolus, ca. 5.3
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
wider than high; posterior apophysis claw-shaped, with 2 teeth (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 28" captionStartId="F28" captionText="Figure 28. Male of Dysdera medes sp. nov., bulb A retrolateral view B prolateral view C anterior view D posterior view. Scale bars: 0.25 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1146.97517.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/806639" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">28B, D</figureCitation>
); incision between tegulum and psembolus absent; retrolateral crest almost straight.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1146.97517.figure28" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/806639" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" start="Figure 28" startId="F28">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Figure 28.</emphasis>
Male of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Zamani &amp; Marusik &amp; Szűts" authorityYear="2023" class="Arachnida" family="Dysderidae" genus="Dysdera" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Dysdera medes" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="medes">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Dysdera medes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., bulb
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">A</emphasis>
retrolateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">B</emphasis>
prolateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">C</emphasis>
anterior view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">D</emphasis>
posterior view. Scale bars: 0.25 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Female.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="43" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="43">
Known only from the type locality in Tehran Province, northern Iran (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 35" captionStartId="F35" captionText="Figure 35. Distribution records of Dysdera spp. in Iran 1 D. achaemenes sp. nov. 2 D. bakhtiari sp. nov. 3 D. hormuzensis sp. nov. 4 D. iranica sp. nov. 5 D. isfahanica sp. nov. 6 D. mazeruni sp. nov. 7 D. persica sp. nov. 8 D. pococki 9 D. sagartia sp. nov. and D. medes sp. nov. 10 D. verkana sp. nov. 11 D. xerxesi sp. nov. 12 D. damavandica sp. nov. 13 D. tapuria sp. nov. 14 D. genoensis sp. nov." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1146.97517.figure35" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/806646" pageId="0" pageNumber="43">35</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

239
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<mods:title id="EEAC30762C037DF07B78E247FB94614B">Review of the genus Endothyrella Zilch, 1960 with description of five new species (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Plectopylidae)</mods:title>
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<treatment id="109EDEB83C2F83467B923C9CBB567BE2" ID-GBIF-Taxon="152062825" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:109EDEB83C2F83467B923C9CBB567BE2" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/109EDEB83C2F83467B923C9CBB567BE2" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
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<paragraph id="5A62E69CC71D9D270080E379783D02E0" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Taxon classification Animalia Pulmonata Plectopylidae</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C631453A4913950ED4EDAC9F2EFEB1CB" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="FF2317BD793085AF33DAABF58A300C34" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName id="8464206EAD771615051E841B4AC31C67" ID-CoL="39SJC" authority="Godwin-Austen, 1892" authorityName="Godwin-Austen" authorityYear="1892" class="Gastropoda" family="Plectopylidae" genus="Endothyrella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Endothyrella fultoni" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fultoni">Endothyrella fultoni (Godwin-Austen, 1892)</taxonomicName>
Figures 12A, 19
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, 21, 22
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<subSubSection id="369DAD90696463897515615F035D1F25" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="4F810A5E9D60B328BD333C59720F9F71" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName id="8DF17862578AE5DB6B72A2A00EFA30AD" class="Gastropoda" family="Plectopylidae" genus="Endothyrella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Endothyrella fultoni" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fultoni">Endothyrella fultoni</taxonomicName>
1892
<taxonomicName id="23F145E9C6453712C32ED4E9F1B6355C" class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix (Plectopylis) fultoni" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fultoni" subGenus="Plectopylis">Helix (Plectopylis) fultoni</taxonomicName>
Godwin-Austen: The Annals and Magazine of Natural History, 6 (10): 300-301. [&quot;Exact locality unknown. Khasi Hills?&quot;; detailed description on the exactness of the locality on page 301].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6A20E2A91F1BC7BF4D9D1C9C9B91A4C2" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName id="B9D2549B56E78646A7C0068783471D79" class="Gastropoda" family="Plectopylidae" genus="Endothyrella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Endothyrella fultoni" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fultoni">Endothyrella fultoni</taxonomicName>
1893
<taxonomicName id="867738AB02C2F07556A3129D696BB514" class="Gastropoda" family="Plectopylidae" genus="Plectopylis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plectopylis fultoni" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fultoni">Plectopylis fultoni</taxonomicName>
, - Pilsbry: Manual of Conchology..., 2 (8): 296, 297.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="32F19C51F6101DC716B42DE47D17AB28" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName id="0BBA0A4640A97A134264284517BF09CB" class="Gastropoda" family="Plectopylidae" genus="Endothyrella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Endothyrella fultoni" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fultoni">Endothyrella fultoni</taxonomicName>
1894
<taxonomicName id="958FA0995B7A4866752D67F06958F137" class="Gastropoda" family="Plectopylidae" genus="Plectopylis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plectopylis fultoni" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fultoni">Plectopylis fultoni</taxonomicName>
, - Pilsbry: Manual of Conchology..., 2 (9): 144, 146, Plate 40, figs 13-15.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="04673C3D49A3AE6A7F118881D77E0611" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName id="2DF8621F49418BEF280A9BE55AF0FFAD" class="Gastropoda" family="Plectopylidae" genus="Endothyrella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Endothyrella fultoni" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fultoni">Endothyrella fultoni</taxonomicName>
1896
<taxonomicName id="DD5E435398A38AF9CA06944D6AFD3637" class="Gastropoda" family="Plectopylidae" genus="Plectopylis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plectopylis fultoni" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fultoni">Plectopylis fultoni</taxonomicName>
, - Gude: Science Gossip, 3: 178-179, figs 23
<normalizedToken id="C520003CCDE04136C6E69E6B2B0FFE48" originalValue="a–b">a-b</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D3E513AF22D0FB309609130747F9D9D4" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName id="62E54D1DC771D965C37BDB2BD73941B7" class="Gastropoda" family="Plectopylidae" genus="Endothyrella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Endothyrella fultoni" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fultoni">Endothyrella fultoni</taxonomicName>
1899c
<taxonomicName id="264D3C230591FC59B8CBF91AC30C2130" class="Gastropoda" family="Plectopylidae" genus="Plectopylis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plectopylis (Endothyra) fultoni" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fultoni" subGenus="Endothyra">Plectopylis (Endothyra) fultoni</taxonomicName>
, - Gude: Science Gossip, 6: 148.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="08DC243C68088C9FDAEFE05A5954F982" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName id="D3E36859D94500C7AD2403F227EB63C2" class="Gastropoda" family="Plectopylidae" genus="Endothyrella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Endothyrella fultoni" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fultoni">Endothyrella fultoni</taxonomicName>
1899d
<taxonomicName id="E70870FCC837047B3E683877729E8224" class="Gastropoda" family="Plectopylidae" genus="Plectopylis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plectopylis (Endothyra) fultoni" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fultoni" subGenus="Endothyra">Plectopylis (Endothyra) fultoni</taxonomicName>
, - Gude: Science Gossip, 6: 175, 176.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8FAF953E8EC10693563628E2617EC505" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName id="0B9312225E5DF8D2A2C632A430D200A7" class="Gastropoda" family="Plectopylidae" genus="Endothyrella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Endothyrella fultoni" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fultoni">Endothyrella fultoni</taxonomicName>
1914b
<taxonomicName id="0E546CF73C1F8EFC87A8540DF8876DE8" class="Gastropoda" family="Plectopylidae" genus="Plectopylis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Plectopylis (Endothyra) fultoni" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fultoni" subGenus="Endothyra">Plectopylis (Endothyra) fultoni</taxonomicName>
, - Gude: The Fauna of British India
<normalizedToken id="46EB0F242EDC3BDFFD0232AEC16B5E94" originalValue="…">...</normalizedToken>
: 72, 87-89, figs 36
<normalizedToken id="3EA47A530D355EF51BD97A0FAED36A95" originalValue="a–b">a-b</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C4631875D5E842782B9DDAAD5F94C1A8" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="types">
<paragraph id="7997393AB4AF959B410F40227A62532B" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Types.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="7808458C3D2DDEA918E6EC0326092B03" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Khasi Hills (?) from Fulton, NHMUK 1903.7.1.301. (2 syntypes, Figure 12A).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="EE485F894FD846202F78B160B570B9BE" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="C27017A0940FFDB4CFC39EF628FED573" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Additional material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D3F58E1FE4A6F81A81025408887A4F7B" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
Ost-Ind., coll. Gerstenbrandt, NHMW 5954/2; Khasi Hills, Assam, coll.
<normalizedToken id="2EF54870A3D38AF34E40B1357D9D7F82" originalValue="Rušnov">Rusnov</normalizedToken>
, ex coll. Blume, NHMW 71770/R/9 (1 shell); Khasi Hills, leg. Godwin-Austen, NHMW 19599/2; India, Meghalaya, Khasi Hills, leg. Godwin-Austen, Altonaer Museum, ZMH 45907/2; Khasi-Berge, coll.
<normalizedToken id="FB87461F7321A0C862D5BC55FC650E5E" originalValue="Möllendorff">Moellendorff</normalizedToken>
, SMF 150103/3; Assam, Cherrapoonjeh, SMF 150104/4; Ostindien, Assam, coll. C. R. Boettger 1909, SMF 102818/1; Indien, Khasi Berge, coll. Bosch ex coll. Rolle, SMF 172070/3; Khasi Hills, coll. W. Blanford, NHMUK 1906.1.1.737/2; Khasi Hills, coll. Fulton, NHMUK 20150146/3; Assam, Khasi Hills, coll. Trechmann, NHMUK 20150147/2; Assam, Khasi Hills, NHMUK 1892.9.11.9-11/3 (one of them is small juvenile); Assam, Khasi Hills, coll. Lucas, NHMUK 20150148/2; Assam, Khasi Hills, coll. Smith, NHMUK 1937.12.30.13862-13864/3; India, Khasi Hills, coll. Salisbury ex coll. Beddome, NHMUK 20150149/2; Khasi Hills, Assam, coll. Gude, coll. Kennard, NHMUK 20150150/9; Assam, Cherrapoonje, coll. Lucas, NHMUK 20150151/1; no locality, dissected dried animal, NHMUK 20150152/3; no locality, coll. Jousseaume, MNHN 2012-27052/1 juvenile shell.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="922E5A9728596FEC2B5F8190B35EA7BC" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="7C8756187B3D2AA028F154C22C9F6A86" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6173A539CE21A48CB7D9C7DEA6E6060E" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Shell middle sized to large, sinistral, with reversed trapezoid shape, narrow umbilicus, angled body whorl, an apex which is elevated from the dorsal surface, and four rows of hairs on the body whorls; callus very strong; 3rd, 4th and 5th palatal plicae are divided in the middle, the others are more or less straight and horizontal; lamella vertical or oblique, with short lower and upper plicae above and below.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="71079EFD60E2930D82A316635643246C" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="measurements">
<paragraph id="78526D86BCB569AF33CFD1854C4DD741" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Measurements</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DA6585A01366CF7B4999520763BB21DF" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">(in mm): D: 19.9-20.3, H: 9.5-10.4 (n = 2, SMF 150103).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="1C0E52182885314B9EEA845E806EAF10" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="differential diagnosis">
<paragraph id="1748AFF52992DE3B5E844C2C28F3BF6F" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Differential diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2B6218771A0E5B2A5563FC11BE739D50" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<taxonomicName id="FED295EFB890DA4FD94B9ECBD81B2344" class="Gastropoda" family="Plectopylidae" genus="Endothyrella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Endothyrella fultoni" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fultoni">Endothyrella fultoni</taxonomicName>
is much larger than any other
<taxonomicName id="ABD10C8188EDD8E0E4762647A44DC759" class="Gastropoda" family="Plectopylidae" genus="Endothyrella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Endothyrella" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Endothyrella</taxonomicName>
species and has a characteristic reversed trapezoid shell shape. See also Table 5.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4E565F141FB07140F23DEF88CB77DE5F" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" type="description of the genitalia">
<paragraph id="92A470D0736D1D12BEEF8F8A1EF9C226" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Description of the genitalia</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F2DBCCF5C7D8ABE547D25D571A7FE3C2" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
(Figures 21, 22
<normalizedToken id="DAF4E570996E21D081288499B621E17A" originalValue="B–C">B-C</normalizedToken>
): A single specimen was anatomically examined. Collection data: Khasi, leg. Godwin-Austen, NHMUK 1903.7.1.598. The specimen had some embryos developing in the uterus. The whole body was very fragile, therefore the gametolytic sac and the diverticulum could not be dissected out.
</paragraph>
<caption id="EF92EA50CE5BF7285FF02EEEF04300F8" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<paragraph id="86CA84A19CD0926A74658168F38C0747" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
Figure 20. SEM images of
<taxonomicName id="A9CDB8C47F1296BB9FFA8A68E99B9F35" class="Gastropoda" family="Plectopylidae" genus="Endothyrella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Endothyrella" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Endothyrella</taxonomicName>
shells.
<normalizedToken id="E903B10FC39B1E0120E924FC24039A13" originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
<taxonomicName id="BDFAD1EC3AB250F9351468F8E0B708D8" class="Gastropoda" family="Plectopylidae" genus="Endothyrella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Endothyrella blanda" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="blanda">Endothyrella blanda</taxonomicName>
(Gude, 1898), For locality see Fig. 17C
<normalizedToken id="7A3A32F969CE6731466607203A64260C" originalValue="D–F">D-F</normalizedToken>
<taxonomicName id="2D13FF018D4758668A41C2FDB4A3BD9B" class="Gastropoda" family="Plectopylidae" genus="Endothyrella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Endothyrella plectostoma" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="plectostoma">Endothyrella plectostoma</taxonomicName>
(Benson, 1836), Sikhim, leg. Godwin-Austen, NHMUK 1903.7.1.451. All images: B.
<normalizedToken id="37EC3ABC3863E4008D8652F1F67C19B0" originalValue="Páll-Gergely">Pall-Gergely</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="6A97B45FA3E4C3EFAEC7F97D1A64CA98" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<paragraph id="31DBA79815FDF408FE5511DD7BCA6DE1" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
Figure 21. Genital anatomy of
<taxonomicName id="B5201B825B20FE7FC6F27B9BD3D63B36" class="Gastropoda" family="Plectopylidae" genus="Endothyrella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Endothyrella fultoni" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fultoni">Endothyrella fultoni</taxonomicName>
(Godwin-Austen, 1892). Locality data: Khasi, leg. Godwin-Austen, NHMUK 1903.7.1.598. Abbreviations: A atriumD diverticulumE epiphallusGS gametolytic sacP penisPC penial caecumRM retractor muscleSO spermoviductV vaginaVD vas deferens.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="D2F5C11ACDA187C7F33634B1443364B6" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<paragraph id="413EFBFE856FFCF05117BD461AA192A3" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
Figure 22. Mantle pattern (A) and inner wall of the penis (
<normalizedToken id="ED18B3F5670613F43B1F6BB7D7AE3D98" originalValue="C–F">C-F</normalizedToken>
) and the penial caecum (B) of
<taxonomicName id="248FCDBAD1EB3ABCD48E282A6606484B" class="Gastropoda" family="Plectopylidae" genus="Endothyrella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Endothyrella" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Endothyrella</taxonomicName>
species. A
<taxonomicName id="403FA2B6075F68351E9DD21013F1520A" class="Gastropoda" family="Plectopylidae" genus="Endothyrella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Endothyrella plectostoma" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="plectostoma">Endothyrella plectostoma</taxonomicName>
(Benson, 1836), For locality, see Fig. 19
<normalizedToken id="CAB8F8044C0255AAF97ED598F4A79B44" originalValue="B–C">B-C</normalizedToken>
<taxonomicName id="35733247C04699DDF8980AEEA1022DC8" class="Gastropoda" family="Plectopylidae" genus="Endothyrella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Endothyrella fultoni" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="fultoni">Endothyrella fultoni</taxonomicName>
(Godwin-Austen, 1892), for locality see Fig. 21.
<normalizedToken id="A9CD3697947A5D1C1531B86ADFF9284A" originalValue="D–F">D-F</normalizedToken>
<taxonomicName id="9259FB84D48EA67C1AE12D2E70669567" class="Gastropoda" family="Plectopylidae" genus="Endothyrella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Endothyrella plectostoma" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="plectostoma">Endothyrella plectostoma</taxonomicName>
, for locality, see Fig. 19. Arrow on D shows the entering point of the vas deferens to the penis. Arrow on E shows rounded calcareous granules. All photos by B.
<normalizedToken id="20175201469D06FCAEF5FCDB2123DD1F" originalValue="Páll-Gergely">Pall-Gergely</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B638F050FE82AA4683DC8D2D926B50F4" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
The left ommatophoral retractor passes between penis and vagina. Atrium relatively long; penis long, consists of a longer, slimmer distal and a shorter, more thickened proximal part; at the proximal end of the penis there is a rounded bulb-like thickening (similar to that of some
<taxonomicName id="EB071971B2C5518CED59799A2F12EF6F" class="Gastropoda" family="Plectopylidae" genus="Gudeodiscus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Gudeodiscus" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">Gudeodiscus</taxonomicName>
species, see
<bibRefCitation id="BBAC695E62AC6FB70D975D6003ED46C8" author="Blanford, WT" journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="444 - 450" title="Descriptions of new Land and Freshwater Mollusc Species collected by Dr. John Anderson in Upper Burma and Yunan." url="http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/91102page/536/mode/1up" volume="1869" year="1869">
<normalizedToken id="7C8ACC73F2C9F62297E840E947144469" originalValue="Páll-Gergely">Pall-Gergely</normalizedToken>
and Asami 2014
</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="E9B1479133A33F7235E48E247BDFE98B" author="Pall-Gergely, B" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="49" pageNumber="50" pagination="1 - 118" title="Systematics of the family Plectopylidae in Vietnam with additional information on Chinese taxa (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Stylommatophora)." url="10.3897/zookeys.473.8659" volume="473" year="2015">
<normalizedToken id="006FA2FAB8A5A80BCCE220B2D91DCFEF" originalValue="Páll-Gergely">Pall-Gergely</normalizedToken>
et al. 2015
</bibRefCitation>
); penis internally with honey-comb-like tubercles without calcareous granules (Figure 22C); the somewhat slimmer penial caecum has some (approximately 8) parallel folds inside, which also form minute hollows standing in lines between the folds (Figure 22B); these small pockets may serve for small calcareous granules, although no granules were found; epiphallus enters penis at the basis of
<pageBreakToken id="46D974045FD1B550B047D012602D5DF0" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" start="start">the</pageBreakToken>
rounded penial thickening; epiphallus relatively short, approximately as long as the proximal, thickened part of the penis; retractor muscle inserts on the proximal end of the penial caecum, it is approximately as long as the proximal part of the penis; vas deferens long and thick, it becomes curly near its insertion to the spermoviductus; vagina shorter than the the half of the penis; it has a vaginal bulb at the middle; two batch of fibres attach the proximal and distal part of the vaginal bulb to the body wall; there are also some longer and more slender muscle fibres attached to the vagina; between the atrium and the vaginal bulb there is a slender, longitudinal thickening on the inner
<pageBreakToken id="03C875B1E7000738E2F48987C26BDCC3" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" start="start">vaginal</pageBreakToken>
wall; vaginal bulb internally with fine, irregularly reticulated sculpture; the area of the inner vaginal wall between the bulb and the spermoviductus is roughly reticulated; gametolytic sac relatively thick, the diverticulum is more slender.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D8C7BE7698F2967D25A72040AD364368" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="radula">
<paragraph id="088FA25F5A5E20E0172422EFED8611D3" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Radula</paragraph>
<paragraph id="E5C9F2C7E3E17EB097EE3D1E20800402" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
(Figure 19
<normalizedToken id="EA3F335C0530ED71C60A909BAB568016" originalValue="C–D">C-D</normalizedToken>
): The radula of the only available specimen was very fragile, probably because of the age of the sample; only a fragment of the middle part of the radula could be examined; central tooth present, laterals 14, marginals at least 8; central tooth very long, but somewhat shorter than the endocone of the first lateral, although larger than the ectocones; central tooth elongated triangular with slightly concave marginal line; endocone of the laterals are rather rhomboid, blunt, ectocone pointed triangular; endocones of marginals deformed rhomboid, sometimes oval, showing the sign of becoming bicuspid; ectocones of marginals blunt or pointed triangular.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F036DA455FE15AF01F2D326C0AB1541D" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="DE9DD66F8C6A92A05ED45E1C7DC1F21A" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="2A5BEC7945FA280E6BED73F751A03E07" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
The species is assumed to occur in the Khasi hills (
<bibRefCitation id="F1B4759CA041F742E0217F85361811D3" author="Godwin-Austen, HH" journalOrPublisher="The Annals and Magazine of Natural History" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="300 - 301" title="Description of a new Species of Helixof thesubgenusPlectopylis." url="10.1080/00222939208677413" volume="6" year="1892">Godwin-Austen 1892</bibRefCitation>
) (Figure 11).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>