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<mods:title id="FB3748448A50F946B36890C2AEFFD866">First record of Plakortis Schulze (Porifera: Homosclerophorida) from the Northeast Pacific coast, with the description of Plakortis albicans sp. nov.</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="429C19CA88A2BFDEB119969750A0136F">Cruz-Barraza, José Antonio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="48C0304B69B36E00019C2D6273C240C7">2005</mods:date>
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<heading id="C354AC56FFB4AB07A72DFD0A4471AD5D" bold="true" box="[264,637,748,774]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" reason="1">
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Genus
<taxonomicName id="5FA360B9FFB4AB07A77AFD0A4471AD5D" ID-CoL="84SBK" authority="Schulze, 1880" authorityName="Schulze" authorityYear="1880" box="[351,637,748,774]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="AAD7C728FFB4AB07A77AFD0A47C0AD5D" bold="true" box="[351,460,748,774]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Plakortis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FC3266CBFFB4AB07A7F1FD0A4471AD5D" author="Schulze" box="[468,637,748,774]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" refString="Schulze, F. E. (1880) Untersuchungen uber den Bau und die Entwicklung der Spongien. Die Plakiniden. Zeitschrift fur wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 34, 407 - 451." type="journal article" year="1880">Schulze, 1880</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="AAD7C728FFB4AB07A72DFCD0479DAD0B" bold="true" box="[264,401,822,848]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Synonymy.</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="AAD7C728FFB4AB07A7BCFCD14409AD0B" box="[409,517,823,848]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Plakortis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FC3266CBFFB4AB07A42EFCD144BAAD0A" author="Schulze" box="[523,694,823,849]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" refString="Schulze, F. E. (1880) Untersuchungen uber den Bau und die Entwicklung der Spongien. Die Plakiniden. Zeitschrift fur wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 34, 407 - 451." type="journal article" year="1880">Schulze, 1880</bibRefCitation>
: 449
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;
<taxonomicName id="5FA360B9FFB4AB07A4DEFCD14246AD0A" authority="Topsent, 1895:557" authorityName="Topsent" authorityPageNumber="557" authorityYear="1895" box="[763,1098,823,849]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Placortis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="AAD7C728FFB4AB07A4DEFCD1456BAD0B" box="[763,871,823,848]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Placortis</emphasis>
Topsent, 1895:557
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="5FA360B9FFB4AB07A273FCD14293AD0B" box="[1110,1183,823,848]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Roosa" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="AAD7C728FFB4AB07A273FCD14293AD0B" box="[1110,1183,823,848]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Roosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
de
<bibRefCitation id="FC3266CBFFB4AB07A2ECFCD1478CAD22" author="Laubenfels" pageId="3" pageNumber="11" refString="Laubenfels, M. W. de. (1934) New sponges from the Puerto Rican deep. Smithsonian Miscellaneous Collections 91 (17), 1 - 28." type="journal article" year="1934">Laubenfels, 1934</bibRefCitation>
:2 (after Topsent, 1937:7).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="981C1B3AFFB4AB07A71DFC6042CDADFA" blockId="3.[264,1323,822,1249]" box="[312,1217,902,929]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="AAD7C728FFB4AB07A71DFC6047D6ADFB" bold="true" box="[312,474,902,928]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<typeStatus id="4718A598FFB4AB07A71DFC604779ADFB" box="[312,373,902,928]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Type</typeStatus>
species.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="5FA360B9FFB4AB07A7C4FC614583ADFA" authority="Schulze, 1880:430" authorityName="Schulze" authorityPageNumber="430" authorityYear="1880" box="[481,911,903,929]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="simplex">
<emphasis id="AAD7C728FFB4AB07A7C4FC6144A2ADFB" box="[481,686,903,928]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Plakortis simplex</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="FC3266CBFFB4AB07A490FC614550ADFA" author="Schulze" box="[693,860,903,929]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" refString="Schulze, F. E. (1880) Untersuchungen uber den Bau und die Entwicklung der Spongien. Die Plakiniden. Zeitschrift fur wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 34, 407 - 451." type="journal article" year="1880">Schulze, 1880</bibRefCitation>
:430
</taxonomicName>
(by original designation).
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="D0B948B1FFB4AB07A71DFC4847BDAABA" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="981C1B3AFFB4AB07A71DFC4847BDAABA" blockId="3.[264,1323,822,1249]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="AAD7C728FFB4AB07A71DFC4847B4AD93" bold="true" box="[312,440,942,968]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
Thinly to massively encrusting plakinids with a skeleton mostly formed by small (50–200 µm) diods with triods in varying abundance. Deformed calthrops can be found in some specimens. Some species have microrhabds (5–20 µm) distributed regularly in the sponge body. Aquiferous system intermediate between sylleibid­like and leuconoid, with eurypylous choanocyte chambers regularly distributed around exhalant canals. Both ectosomal inhalant cavities and basal exhalant cavities are usually present. Skeleton confused, dense, without ectosomal specialization or differential location of spicules (
<bibRefCitation id="FC3266CBFFB4AB07A2F6FB7947A9AABA" author="Muricy" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" refString="Muricy, G. &amp; Diaz, M. C. (2002) Order Homosclerophorida Dendy, 1905, family Plakinidae Schulze, 1880. In: Hooper, J. N. A. &amp; Soest, R. W. M. van (Eds), Systema Porifera: A guide to the classification of sponges, Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York, pp. 71 - 81." type="book chapter" year="2002">Muricy &amp; Díaz 2002</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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Family
<taxonomicName id="5FA360B9FFB4AB07A742FDB74491AC30" ID-CoL="84KNK" authority="Schulze, 1880" authorityName="Schulze" authorityYear="1880" box="[359,669,593,619]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Porifera" rank="family">
Plakinidae
<bibRefCitation id="FC3266CBFFB4AB07A7D1FDB74491AC30" author="Schulze" box="[500,669,593,619]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" refString="Schulze, F. E. (1880) Untersuchungen uber den Bau und die Entwicklung der Spongien. Die Plakiniden. Zeitschrift fur wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 34, 407 - 451." type="journal article" year="1880">Schulze, 1880</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="AAD7C728FFB4AB07A72DFD7A4784ACED" bold="true" box="[264,392,668,694]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
See
<bibRefCitation id="FC3266CBFFB4AB07A7E4FD7A44BAACED" author="Muricy" box="[449,694,668,694]" pageId="3" pageNumber="12" refString="Muricy, G. &amp; Diaz, M. C. (2002) Order Homosclerophorida Dendy, 1905, family Plakinidae Schulze, 1880. In: Hooper, J. N. A. &amp; Soest, R. W. M. van (Eds), Systema Porifera: A guide to the classification of sponges, Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers, New York, pp. 71 - 81." type="book chapter" year="2002">Muricy &amp; Díaz 2002</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:namePart id="E8FB82ECF199DEEAB70FDAF12EA27BA6">Cruz-Barraza, José Antonio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:name id="BF802F8D2B233F40B32F2E14B5A1A945" type="personal">
<mods:role id="1D9A25738FD026432CB943B330514336">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="E78F178037C7F63A11C07D11EC7FF77D">Carballo, José Luis</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="FFBBA3DDDE59CB865AB7093B8284CDD2">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="C983F483F886D171DE2972C3D3B7BE64">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="21B8688F1CB17849FD22C1669989E1DE">
<mods:date id="B1E5E7A202841741C476BE0FDA3ADD93">2005</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="71C73661BEAF37BCB70E7B93CC028E42" type="volume">
<mods:number id="F196727C864B1166369CB8BD9AD5586C">868</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="EE2B4435F3896584E95DBB56393DA66F">1</mods:start>
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<mods:classification id="B7E5728BF980DD147B0305E50BFAF417">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="310FC266060EF781487E861A72C397A4" type="DOI">10.5281/zenodo.170874</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="60F4CE74C3E34C0C4DC1F5F3C233F104" type="GBIF-Dataset">426fbfca-bff0-4583-8044-bb22c1a9c68a</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="6DAEB201E62FBD6D873182EF9CF18E6F" type="ISSN">1175­5326</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="E204DD7D7730B3F3F09EE97ECC24BCD1" type="Zenodo-Dep">170874</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="100AAA2CFFB4AB0CA72DFAD847FEA824" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6269158" ID-GBIF-Taxon="119334639" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6269158" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:100AAA2CFFB4AB0CA72DFAD847FEA824" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/100AAA2CFFB4AB0CA72DFAD847FEA824" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<subSubSection id="D0B948B1FFB4AB07A72DFAD84277A8E0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="981C1B3AFFB4AB07A72DFAD8444AAB03" blockId="3.[264,582,1342,1368]" box="[264,582,1342,1368]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<heading id="C354AC56FFB4AB07A72DFAD8444AAB03" bold="true" box="[264,582,1342,1368]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" reason="1">
<emphasis id="AAD7C728FFB4AB07A72DFAD8444AAB03" bold="true" box="[264,582,1342,1368]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<taxonomicName id="5FA360B9FFB4AB07A72DFAD847EDAB03" ID-CoL="4JJ2B" box="[264,481,1342,1368]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="albicans" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="AAD7C728FFB4AB07A72DFAD847EDAB03" bold="true" box="[264,481,1342,1368]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Plakortis albicans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1E47A53FFB4AB07A7CCFAD8444AAB03" box="[489,582,1342,1368]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="981C1B3AFFB4AB07A72DFA6F4277A8E0" blockId="3.[264,1325,1417,1883]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="AAD7C728FFB4AB07A72DFA6F47F9ABF8" box="[264,501,1417,1443]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
M
<emphasis id="AAD7C728FFB4AB07A704FA6F47F9ABF8" bold="true" box="[289,501,1417,1443]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">aterial examined.</emphasis>
</emphasis>
<typeStatus id="4718A598FFB4AB07A7D8FA6F4466ABF8" box="[509,618,1417,1443]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
MNCN 1.01/353,
<collectingCountry id="E0B45BAAFFB4AB07A569FA6F457AABF8" box="[844,886,1417,1443]" name="Iceland" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Isla</collectingCountry>
Lobos (Mazatlán, Sinaloa,
<collectingCountry id="E0B45BAAFFB4AB07A2E4FA6F4313ABF8" box="[1217,1311,1417,1443]" name="Mexico" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">México</collectingCountry>
),
<geoCoordinate id="FD977DFDFFB4AB07A72DFA57479BAB90" box="[264,407,1457,1483]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="15" value="23.230278">23º13’49’’N</geoCoordinate>
–
<geoCoordinate id="FD977DFDFFB4AB07A78CFA57445EAB90" box="[425,594,1457,1483]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="15" value="-106.461945">106º27’43’’W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="5F5BB6DFFFB4AB07A443FA574496AB90" box="[614,666,1457,1483]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="m" value="4.0">4 m</quantity>
depth,
<date id="EC1D3DFAFFB4AB07A4DAFA574585AB90" box="[767,905,1457,1483]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2002-03-20">03/20/2002</date>
, under rocks.
<typeStatus id="4718A598FFB4AB07A267FA5742B4AB90" box="[1090,1208,1457,1483]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
: BMNH: 2004.11.2.1,
<collectingCountry id="E0B45BAAFFB4AB07A783FA3F47DCABA8" box="[422,464,1497,1523]" name="Iceland" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Isla</collectingCountry>
Lobos (Mazatlán, Sinaloa,
<collectingCountry id="E0B45BAAFFB4AB07A50DFA3F458AABA8" box="[808,902,1497,1523]" name="Mexico" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">México</collectingCountry>
),
<geoCoordinate id="FD977DFDFFB4AB07A5BBFA3F4222ABA8" box="[926,1070,1497,1523]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="15" value="23.230278">23º13’49’’N</geoCoordinate>
–
<geoCoordinate id="FD977DFDFFB4AB07A21AFA3F42E4ABA8" box="[1087,1256,1497,1523]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="15" value="-106.461945">106º27’43’’W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="5F5BB6DFFFB4AB07A2DFFA3F4327ABA8" box="[1274,1323,1497,1523]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="m" value="2.0">2 m</quantity>
depth,
<date id="EC1D3DFAFFB4AB07A77CF9E747EDA840" box="[345,481,1537,1563]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2004-11-16">11/16/2004</date>
, under rocks. LEB­ICML­UNAM­456,
<collectingCountry id="E0B45BAAFFB4AB07A59BF9E745E4A840" box="[958,1000,1537,1563]" name="Iceland" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Isla</collectingCountry>
Lobos (Mazatlán, Sinaloa,
<collectingCountry id="E0B45BAAFFB4AB07A72DF9CF476AA818" box="[264,358,1577,1603]" name="Mexico" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">México</collectingCountry>
),
<geoCoordinate id="FD977DFDFFB4AB07A758F9CF4400A818" box="[381,524,1577,1603]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="15" value="23.230278">23º13’49’’N</geoCoordinate>
–
<geoCoordinate id="FD977DFDFFB4AB07A43BF9CF44C4A818" box="[542,712,1577,1603]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="15" value="-106.461945">106º27’43’’W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="5F5BB6DFFFB4AB07A4F2F9CF450AA818" box="[727,774,1577,1603]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="m" value="4.0">4 m</quantity>
depth,
<date id="EC1D3DFAFFB4AB07A546F9CF45E0A818" box="[867,1004,1577,1603]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2002-03-20">20/03/2002</date>
, under rocks. LEB­ICML­ UNAM­1063,
<collectingCountry id="E0B45BAAFFB4AB07A792F9B747EDA830" box="[439,481,1617,1643]" name="Iceland" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Isla</collectingCountry>
Lobos (Mazatlán, Sinaloa,
<collectingCountry id="E0B45BAAFFB4AB07A515F9B74582A830" box="[816,910,1617,1643]" name="Mexico" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">México</collectingCountry>
),
<geoCoordinate id="FD977DFDFFB4AB07A581F9B74238A830" box="[932,1076,1617,1643]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="15" value="23.230278">23º13’49’’N</geoCoordinate>
–
<geoCoordinate id="FD977DFDFFB4AB07A260F9B742E3A830" box="[1093,1263,1617,1643]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="15" value="-106.461945">106º27’43’’W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="5F5BB6DFFFB4AB07A2DBF9B74321A830" box="[1278,1325,1617,1643]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="m" value="3.0">3 m</quantity>
depth,
<date id="EC1D3DFAFFB4AB07A77DF99F47ECA8C8" box="[344,480,1657,1683]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2004-01-28">01/28/2004</date>
, under rocks. LEB­ICML­UNAM­1100,
<collectingCountry id="E0B45BAAFFB4AB07A5E0F99F45FCA8C8" box="[965,1008,1657,1683]" name="Iceland" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Isla</collectingCountry>
Lobos (Mazatlán, Sinaloa,
<collectingCountry id="E0B45BAAFFB4AB07A72DF947476AA8E0" box="[264,358,1697,1723]" name="Mexico" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">México</collectingCountry>
),
<geoCoordinate id="FD977DFDFFB4AB07A75FF9474406A8E0" box="[378,522,1697,1723]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="15" value="23.230278">23º13’49’’N</geoCoordinate>
–
<geoCoordinate id="FD977DFDFFB4AB07A43EF94744C9A8E0" box="[539,709,1697,1723]" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="15" value="-106.461945">106º27’43’’W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="5F5BB6DFFFB4AB07A4F4F94744F2A8E0" box="[721,766,1697,1723]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="m" value="3.0">3 m</quantity>
depth,
<date id="EC1D3DFAFFB4AB07A570F94745D2A8E0" box="[853,990,1697,1723]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" value="2004-01-04">04/01/2004</date>
, under rocks.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D0B948B1FFB4AB07A71DF92F4411A900" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="981C1B3AFFB4AB07A71DF92F4411A900" blockId="3.[264,1325,1417,1883]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<emphasis id="AAD7C728FFB4AB07A71DF92F47B4A8B8" bold="true" box="[312,440,1737,1763]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
White to ivory thickly incrusting
<taxonomicName id="5FA360B9FFB4AB07A570F92F45CDA8B9" box="[853,961,1737,1762]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Porifera" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="AAD7C728FFB4AB07A570F92F45CDA8B9" box="[853,961,1737,1762]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Plakortis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, sometimes with small purple patches with a surface sculptured with drainage subectosomic canals visible to the naked eye. Abundant diods in only one size class (12–137.5 µm long), triods always present, less frequent than the diods.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="CCDC4BB2FFB3AB00A72DFA2B4418A85C" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170875/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" targetBox="[273,1313,292,1432]" targetPageId="4">
<paragraph id="981C1B3AFFB3AB00A72DFA2B4418A85C" blockId="4.[264,1323,1485,1543]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="AAD7C728FFB3AB00A72DFA2B4783ABBE" bold="true" box="[264,399,1485,1509]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
Location of the collection sites of
<taxonomicName id="5FA360B9FFB3AB00A501FA28420FABB8" box="[804,1027,1486,1509]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="4" pageNumber="10" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="albicans">
<emphasis id="AAD7C728FFB3AB00A501FA28420FABB8" box="[804,1027,1486,1509]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">PLAKORTIS ALBICANS</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. in Mazatlán Bay (Pacific Ocean, Mexico).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="D0B948B1FFB3AB0CA71DF98542EDAFA5" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="description">
<paragraph id="981C1B3AFFB3AB01A71DF9854556AFDD" blockId="4.[264,1324,1635,1901]" lastBlockId="5.[264,1323,284,390]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="AAD7C728FFB3AB00A71DF98547C7A826" bold="true" box="[312,459,1635,1661]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Description.</emphasis>
Thickly incrusting sponge from
<quantity id="5F5BB6DFFFB3AB00A56EF98545CFA826" box="[843,963,1635,1661]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="1.0">1 to 4 mm</quantity>
in thickness, covering a maximum area of
<quantity id="5F5BB6DFFFB3AB00A78CF96D47E9A8FE" box="[425,485,1675,1701]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="cm" value="9.0">9 cm</quantity>
in diameter (
<figureCitation id="009807BFFFB3AB00A4A2F96D44DCA8FE" box="[647,720,1675,1701]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[264,367,1647,1671]" captionTargetBox="[399,1188,439,1615]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[399,1189,439,1637]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. External morphology of Plakortis albicans sp. nov .. The arrows show the oscules A) Photograph of a large specimen taken at 5 m depth.; B) Photograph of a small specimen taken at 3 m depth where is clearly visible the characteristics drainage subectosomic canals." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170876/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
a). The smallest specimens measure 1.5 by
<quantity id="5F5BB6DFFFB3AB00A2FCF96D4327A8FE" box="[1241,1323,1675,1701]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="cm" value="1.2">1.2 cm</quantity>
(
<figureCitation id="009807BFFFB3AB00A734F9554754A896" box="[273,344,1715,1741]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[264,367,1647,1671]" captionTargetBox="[399,1188,439,1615]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[399,1189,439,1637]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. External morphology of Plakortis albicans sp. nov .. The arrows show the oscules A) Photograph of a large specimen taken at 5 m depth.; B) Photograph of a small specimen taken at 3 m depth where is clearly visible the characteristics drainage subectosomic canals." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170876/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
b). The consistency is slightly compressible but firm, and the surface is smooth and sculptured with very characteristic drainage subectosomic canals (60–132.8 µm in diameter), which are visible to the naked eye
<emphasis id="AAD7C728FFB3AB00A4F0F8E54511A947" box="[725,797,1795,1820]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">in situ</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="009807BFFFB3AB00A508F8E54578A946" box="[813,884,1795,1821]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="5.[264,367,1647,1671]" captionTargetBox="[399,1188,439,1615]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[399,1189,439,1637]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 2. External morphology of Plakortis albicans sp. nov .. The arrows show the oscules A) Photograph of a large specimen taken at 5 m depth.; B) Photograph of a small specimen taken at 3 m depth where is clearly visible the characteristics drainage subectosomic canals." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170876/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
a, b), and in the preserved specimens. The surface is pierced by ectosomic pores of 18 to 50 µm in diameter, which are usually 10 to 25 µm apart. The canals converge on oscules, which are circular­shaped, 150 µm to
<quantity id="5F5BB6DFFFB3AB01A339F8B5473AAF6D" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
in diameter, and slightly elevated from the surface. Color in life is white to ivory, sometimes with small purple patches. The color is preserved in spirit, but it turns paler. The specimens were always collected under rocks.
</paragraph>
<caption id="CCDC4BB2FFB2AB01A72DF9894261A890" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170876/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" targetBox="[399,1188,439,1615]" targetPageId="5">
<paragraph id="981C1B3AFFB2AB01A72DF9894261A890" blockId="5.[264,1323,1647,1739]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="AAD7C728FFB2AB01A72DF9894787A8DC" bold="true" box="[264,395,1647,1671]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
External morphology of
<taxonomicName id="5FA360B9FFB2AB01A4BAF989456FA8DD" box="[671,867,1647,1670]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="albicans" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="AAD7C728FFB2AB01A4BAF989456FA8DD" box="[671,867,1647,1670]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Plakortis albicans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1E47A53FFB2AB01A54EF98945B6A8DD" box="[875,954,1647,1670]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species">sp. nov</taxonomicNameLabel>
.. The arrows show the oscules A) Photograph of a large specimen taken at 5 m depth.; B) Photograph of a small specimen taken at 3 m depth where is clearly visible the characteristics drainage subectosomic canals.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="981C1B3AFFB2AB02A71DF9194574AF8D" blockId="5.[264,1324,1791,1897]" lastBlockId="6.[264,1323,284,470]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="AAD7C728FFB2AB01A71DF91947AFA942" bold="true" box="[312,419,1791,1817]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<emphasis id="AAD7C728FFB2AB01A71DF9194791A942" bold="true" box="[312,413,1791,1817]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Spicules</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
The diods are very abundant; they are irregularly curved, sometimes bent one or two times near the middle of the shaft (
<figureCitation id="009807BFFFB2AB01A567F8C14586A91A" box="[834,906,1831,1857]" captionStart="FIGURE. 3" captionStartId="6.[264,370,1863,1887]" captionTargetBox="[285,1302,513,1851]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[244,1303,512,1852]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE. 3. SEM images of the skeletal material of Plakortis albicans sp. nov. A) Diods; B) Triods." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170877/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
a, 4a). The ends are asymmetrical, hastate or acerate. These diods are very variable in size, but only one size class is recognizable (
<figureCitation id="009807BFFFB1AB02A76FFEFA479EAF6D" box="[330,402,284,310]" captionStart="FIGURE. 3" captionStartId="6.[264,370,1863,1887]" captionTargetBox="[285,1302,513,1851]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[244,1303,512,1852]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE. 3. SEM images of the skeletal material of Plakortis albicans sp. nov. A) Diods; B) Triods." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170877/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
a, 4a). They measure 12–137.5 µm long (64 µm in average), and 1.3–7.5 µm width (3.6 µm in average). Even though the triods are always present, they are less frequent than the diods. They are predominantly equal­angled, but they can also be irregular (
<figureCitation id="009807BFFFB1AB02A734FE724759AFF5" box="[273,341,404,430]" captionStart="FIGURE. 3" captionStartId="6.[264,370,1863,1887]" captionTargetBox="[285,1302,513,1851]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[244,1303,512,1852]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE. 3. SEM images of the skeletal material of Plakortis albicans sp. nov. A) Diods; B) Triods." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170877/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
b, 4b). The rays are mostly straight or slightly bent. The size of the rays is very variable, 6.3–47.5 µm long (23 µm in average) (Table 1).
</paragraph>
<caption id="CCDC4BB2FFB1AB02A72DF8A14320A905" box="[264,1324,1863,1887]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170877/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" targetBox="[285,1302,513,1851]" targetPageId="6">
<paragraph id="981C1B3AFFB1AB02A72DF8A14320A905" blockId="6.[264,1324,1863,1887]" box="[264,1324,1863,1887]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
<emphasis id="AAD7C728FFB1AB02A72DF8A14783A904" bold="true" box="[264,399,1863,1887]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">FIGURE. 3.</emphasis>
SEM images of the skeletal material of
<taxonomicName id="5FA360B9FFB1AB02A511F8AE45F9A904" box="[820,1013,1864,1887]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="albicans" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="AAD7C728FFB1AB02A511F8AE45F9A904" box="[820,1013,1864,1887]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Plakortis albicans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1E47A53FFB1AB02A5DEF8A14240A905" box="[1019,1100,1863,1886]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
A) Diods; B) Triods.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="CCDC4BB2FFB0AB03A72DF8CE42FAA91B" box="[264,1270,1832,1856]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170878/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" targetBox="[281,1301,326,1803]" targetPageId="7">
<paragraph id="981C1B3AFFB0AB03A72DF8CE42FAA91B" blockId="7.[264,1270,1832,1856]" box="[264,1270,1832,1856]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
<emphasis id="AAD7C728FFB0AB03A72DF8CE479DA91B" bold="true" box="[264,401,1832,1856]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">FIGURE. 4.</emphasis>
Drawings of skeletal material of
<taxonomicName id="5FA360B9FFB0AB03A4D3F8CF45B4A91B" box="[758,952,1833,1856]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="albicans" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="AAD7C728FFB0AB03A4D3F8CF45B4A91B" box="[758,952,1833,1856]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Plakortis albicans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1E47A53FFB0AB03A59AF8CF421EA91B" box="[959,1042,1833,1856]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
A) Diods; B) Triods.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="981C1B3AFFBFAB0CA71DFEFA42EDAFA5" blockId="8.[264,1324,283,510]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="AAD7C728FFBFAB0CA71DFEFA47ABAF6E" bold="true" box="[312,423,283,310]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="AAD7C728FFBFAB0CA71DFEFA47ACAF6D" bold="true" box="[312,416,284,310]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Skeleton</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
The ectosomal skeleton is a tangential alveolar arrangement of spicule tracts of 10 to 25 µm width formed mainly by smaller diods. The spicules tracts form meshes with amplitude of 18.9 to 50 µm in diameter (
<figureCitation id="009807BFFFBFAB0CA518FE8A458AAFDD" box="[829,902,364,390]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[264,368,1372,1396]" captionTargetBox="[272,1316,566,1353]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[272,1363,566,1365]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. SEM images of skeletal structure of Plakortis albicans sp. nov. A) Tangential view of ectosomal alveolar skeleton; B) Detail of the ectosomal alveolar skeleton; C) Cross section of choanosome; D) Detail of an aquiferous space." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170879/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
a, b). The choanosomal skeleton is formed by a dense and relatively confused reticulation of spicule tracts, although a clear reticulation arrangement with meshes of 15 to 30 µm in amplitude is differentiated in some places (
<figureCitation id="009807BFFFBFAB0CA744FE0247ABAFA5" box="[353,423,484,510]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="8.[264,368,1372,1396]" captionTargetBox="[272,1316,566,1353]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[272,1363,566,1365]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 5. SEM images of skeletal structure of Plakortis albicans sp. nov. A) Tangential view of ectosomal alveolar skeleton; B) Detail of the ectosomal alveolar skeleton; C) Cross section of choanosome; D) Detail of an aquiferous space." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170879/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
c, d). The choanosome has abundant canals, 50 to 100 µm in diameter.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="CCDC4BB2FFBFAB0CA72DFABA44DAABE2" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170879/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" targetBox="[272,1316,566,1353]" targetPageId="8">
<paragraph id="981C1B3AFFBFAB0CA72DFABA44DAABE2" blockId="8.[264,1322,1372,1465]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="AAD7C728FFBFAB0CA72DFABA4787AB2F" bold="true" box="[264,395,1372,1396]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
SEM images of skeletal structure of
<taxonomicName id="5FA360B9FFBFAB0CA53EFABB45D2AB2F" box="[795,990,1373,1396]" class="Homoscleromorpha" family="Plakinidae" genus="Plakortis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Homosclerophorida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Porifera" rank="species" species="albicans" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="AAD7C728FFBFAB0CA53EFABB45D2AB2F" box="[795,990,1373,1396]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Plakortis albicans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="B1E47A53FFBFAB0CA5C0FABA4234AB28" box="[997,1080,1372,1395]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
A) Tangential view of ectosomal alveolar skeleton; B) Detail of the ectosomal alveolar skeleton; C) Cross section of choanosome; D) Detail of an aquiferous space.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="D0B948B1FFBFAB0CA71DFA0B47FEA824" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="981C1B3AFFBFAB0CA71DFA0B47FEA824" blockId="8.[264,1323,1516,1663]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="AAD7C728FFBFAB0CA71DFA0B47B1A85D" bold="true" box="[312,445,1516,1543]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="AAD7C728FFBFAB0CA71DFA0B47BBA85C" bold="true" box="[312,439,1517,1543]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Etymology</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
The specific name refers to its typical white color.
<emphasis id="AAD7C728FFBFAB0CA71DF9F3446AA875" bold="true" box="[312,614,1556,1583]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
<emphasis id="AAD7C728FFBFAB0CA71DF9F34453A874" bold="true" box="[312,607,1557,1583]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Distribution and habitat</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="E0B45BAAFFBFAB0CA455F9F34496A874" box="[624,666,1557,1583]" name="Iceland" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Isla</collectingCountry>
Lobos in Mazatlán Bay (Sinaloa,
<collectingCountry id="E0B45BAAFFBFAB0CA21DF9F34298A874" box="[1080,1172,1557,1583]" name="Mexico" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Mexico</collectingCountry>
, east Pacific Ocean) (
<figureCitation id="009807BFFFBFAB0CA755F9DB47B4A80C" box="[368,440,1597,1623]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="4.[264,367,1485,1509]" captionTargetBox="[273,1313,292,1432]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[273,1314,292,1479]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 1. Location of the collection sites of PLAKORTIS ALBICANS sp. nov. in Mazatlán Bay (Pacific Ocean, Mexico)." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/170875/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). The specimens were collected in shallow water of
<quantity id="5F5BB6DFFFBFAB0CA21AF9DB42A6A80C" box="[1087,1194,1597,1623]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" unit="m" value="3.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="1.0">1 to 6 m</quantity>
depth and always under rocks.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>