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The acronym is based on its former name (CONselho NAcional de PESQUIsas) with a Latin suffix. Gender masculine. + + + + + +Diagnosis: +Conapesquius + +can be distinguished from the other genera of Neopachylinae due to (1) Mesotergum with areolate spots in a ‘diamond’ pattern, absent on the lateral margins of the scutal areas I–II and IV ( +Fig. 7A, D +); (2) Scutal areas I (posterior margin) and II (anterior margin) parallel each other (except in + +C. heteracanthus + +; +Figs 5A +, +14C +); (3) Scutal area II central portion with a transverse row of prominent tubercles ( +Fig. 7A, D +); (4) Fe +III +with a well-developed apical spur on retrodorsal face (with more than a half of the Cx II size) ( +Fig. 16A +); (5) Cx IV prodorsal distal apophysis ‘scythe-shaped’ (except in + +C. spinifemur + +) ( +Figs 5A +10K +, +14A +); (6) MS B1 evident, with the central portion visible ( +Figs 6B, 11C +); (7) Females’ scutal area +III +with a paramedian dorsal elevation ( +Figs 9E +, +13E +). + + + + +Included species: + +Conapesquius brevifemur +( +Soares & Soares, 1947 +) + +, + +Conapesquius heteracanthus +( +Mello-Leitão, 1936 +) + +, + +Conapesquius rectipes +( +Roewer, 1913 +) + +( +type +species), and + +Conapesquius spinifemur +(B. +Soares, 1945 +) + +. + + + + +Distribution: +BRAZIL +: states of +Paraná +and +Santa Catarina +( +Fig. 3 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/A3/87/03A387C13013870C11F2FC250C8FF881.xml b/data/03/A3/87/03A387C13013870C11F2FC250C8FF881.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..caa39d55e30 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/A3/87/03A387C13013870C11F2FC250C8FF881.xml @@ -0,0 +1,215 @@ + + + +Further draining of Discocyrtus to expand Neopachylinae (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae): absorption of taxa and establishment of new genera and species + + + +Author + +Carvalho, Rafael N. +Departamento de Invertebrados, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Quinta da Boa Vista s / n, São Cristóvão, 20.940 - 040, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil & Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia Roberto de Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier 524, Maracanã, 20.550 - 900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil +rafaelcarvalhobio@hotmail.com + + + +Author + +Kury, Adriano B. +Departamento de Invertebrados, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Quinta da Boa Vista s / n, São Cristóvão, 20.940 - 040, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2025 + +zlae 023 + + +2024-03-30 + + +203 + + +1 + + +1 +65 + + + + +https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae023 + +journal article +10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae023 +0024-4082 +14802079 +BB99D24-3973-4413-B127-BDAA83186FA3 + + + + + + +Neopachylinae +Carvalho & Kury, 2020 + + + + + + + +• +Neopachylinae + +Carvalho and Kury 2020: 88 + +. + + + + +Neopachylinae +— + +Carvalho and Kury 2021b: 366 + +. + + + + + +Included genera + + + +Conapesquius + +, + +Iamarinus + +, + +Krateromaspis +Carvalho & Kury, 2021 + +, + +Neopachylus +Roewer, 1913 + +( +type +genus), + +Oliverius +Soares & Soares, 1945 + +, + +Opisthoplatus +Holmberg, 1876 + +, + +Pachylobos +Piza, 1940 + +, and + +Senu +Carvalho & Kury, 2020 + +. + + + + +Diagnosis + + +Neopachylinae can be differentiated from the other DRMNmembers ( + +Discocyrtus +s.s. + +, Mitobatinae, and Roeweriinae) due to: (1) apical portion of the stylus covered by spines; (2) ventral process of the glans with flabellum ‘hand-shaped’; (3) flabellum armed with spines; (4) Cx IV prodorsal apophysis with the distal portion forming a 90° angle in relation to the body; (5) Fe IV dorsal face with one or three spines on the proximal half. + + + + +Distribution + + +ARGENTINA +: provinces of +Buenos Aires +, +Córdoba +, +Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires +, +Corrientes +, +Entre Ríos +, +Jujuy +, +Misiones +, +Salta +, and +Tucumán +. +BRAZIL +: +Distrito Federal +[ +Federal District +], states of +Espírito Santo +, +Mato Grosso do Sul +, +Minas Gerais +, +Paraná +, +Rio de Janeiro +, +Rio Grande do Sul +, +Santa Catarina +, +São Paulo. +URUGUAY +: departments of +Artigas +, +Canelones +, +Colonia +, +Lavalleja +, +Paysandú +, +Río Negro +, +Salto +, and +San José +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/A3/87/03A387C130148707111BFEB6082DFA06.xml b/data/03/A3/87/03A387C130148707111BFEB6082DFA06.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..64d3d9577a3 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/A3/87/03A387C130148707111BFEB6082DFA06.xml @@ -0,0 +1,696 @@ + + + +Further draining of Discocyrtus to expand Neopachylinae (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae): absorption of taxa and establishment of new genera and species + + + +Author + +Carvalho, Rafael N. +Departamento de Invertebrados, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Quinta da Boa Vista s / n, São Cristóvão, 20.940 - 040, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil & Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia Roberto de Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier 524, Maracanã, 20.550 - 900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil +rafaelcarvalhobio@hotmail.com + + + +Author + +Kury, Adriano B. +Departamento de Invertebrados, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Quinta da Boa Vista s / n, São Cristóvão, 20.940 - 040, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2025 + +zlae 023 + + +2024-03-30 + + +203 + + +1 + + +1 +65 + + + + +https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae023 + +journal article +10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae023 +0024-4082 +14802079 +BB99D24-3973-4413-B127-BDAA83186FA3 + + + + + + +Conapesquius brevifemur +( +Soares & Soares, 1947 +) + +gen. et comb. nov. + + + + + + +( +Figs 4–6 +) + + + + + + +• + + +Discocyrtus brevifemur +Soares and Soares 1947b: 218 + + +, figs 5–6. + + + + + +Discocyrtus brevifemur + +— + +Soares and Soares 1954: 246 + +; + +Pinto-da-Rocha and Caron 1989: 1023 + +; + +Kury 2003: 161 + +. + + + + + + +Type +data + + + + +Discocyrtus brevifemur +: + + +♂ +lectotype +( +MHNCI 3620 +! +, examined) + +, + +♀ +paralectotype +( +MHNCI 3621 +! +, examined), from +BRAZIL +, +Paraná +, + +Piraquara +, +Banhado + + +. + + +Records + +Without further literature records. + + + +Figure 3. +South Brazil, showing distribution of + +Conapesquius +species. + +Shaded areas in the background are Morrone’s regionalization of the Neotropics (‘provinces’; + +Morrone +et al. +2022 + +): Araucaria Forest province (in light green) and Atlantic province (in dark green). + + + + +Figure 4. + +Conapesquius brevifemur +( +Soares & Soares, 1947 +) + +, ♂ (MNRJ 18926) +! +. A, habitus, dorsal view. B, same, ventral view. C, same, anterior view. D, same, posterior view. E, same, lateral view. Scale bars = 3 mm. + + + + +Diagnosis + + + +Conapesquius brevifemur + +can be distinguished from + +C. heteracanthus + +, + +C. rectipes + +, and + +C. spinifemur + +due to (1) Ch bulla anterior mesal margin with spines (as in + +C. rectipes + +) ( +Fig. 5A +); (2) mesotergum thickest at area II ( +Figs 4E +, +5B +); (3) Scutal area +III +with a paramedian pair of prominent domed-shaped tubercles (as in + +C. rectipes + +) ( +Figs 4A, C–E +, +5A–B, D +); (4) Fe IV dorsal face with two spines on the distal third (as in + +C. heteracanthus + +) ( +Figs 4A +, +5A +); (5) females’ ocularium armed with a pair of parallel spines ( +Figs 4C +, +5C +); (6) females’ Tr IV retrolateral face with a central apophysis (as in + +C. heteracanthus + +). + + + + +Non-type material examined + + + +BRAZIL +: state of +Paraná +: + + +Piraquara + + +: +1 ♂ +( +MNRJ 18926 +) +! +, Banhado, [-25 458°, -48 990°], + +vii.1947 + +, +Gofferjé, C. N. +leg +. + + + + + +Distribution + + +BRAZIL +: state of +Paraná +: +Piraquara +( +Fig. 3 +). + + + + +Figure 5. + +Conapesquius brevifemur +( +Soares & Soares, 1947 +) + +, ♂ (MNRJ 18926) +! +. A, habitus, dorsal view. B, same, lateral view. C, ocularium, anterior view. D, armature of scutal area III, posterior view. E, detail of the coxa IV prodorsal apophysis, distal part, posterior view. Scale bars = 1 mm. + + + + +Figure 6. + +Conapesquius brevifemur +( +Soares & Soares, 1947 +) + +, ♂ (MNRJ 18926) +! +, genitalia, distal part. A, dorsal view. B, lateral view. C, ventral view. Scale bars: 100 μm. + + + + +Redescription + + + +MNRJ +18926 + +! +(male) +for the external body illustrations and description ( +Figs 4–5 +); DS, measurements: CW 2.8, CL 1.9, AW 5.1, AL 2.8; Leg I–IV measurements in +Table 6 +; Right/left tarsal (distitarsal) counts: 6(3)/6(3) - 8(3)/9(3) - 7/7 - 7/7. + +MNRJ +18926 + +! +for genitalic illustrations ( +Fig. 6 +). + + +Dorsum: +DS gamma-pyriform, as long as wide, with +AS +lateral margins strongly convex, widest at scutal area +III +and thickest at scutal area II, with sinuous posterior margin ( +Figs 4A, E +, +5A–B +). DS anterior margin divided by a small central projection in the center and a pair of shallow cheliceral sockets ( +Fig. 5A +). Carapace with a paramedian pair of prominent tubercles, surrounded by ordinary tubercles on lateral and posterior portions ( +Figs 5A–B +). Ocularium elliptical (in dorsal view), high ( +c +. 3× the eye diameter), perpendicularly placed in the middle of the carapace ( +Figs 4A, C, E +, +5A–C +). Ocularium with a pair of parallel spines ( +c +. 2× the eye diameter), inclined frontwards ( +Figs 4A, C, E +, +5A–C +). +AS +lateral borders with two rows of tubercles: one external, composed of four or six prominent tubercles at areas II–IV ( +Fig. 5A–B +); another internal one with ordinary tubercles from the posterior corner of the carapace to the posterior margin ( +Fig. 5A +). Mesotergum divided into four clearly defined areas ( +Figs 4A +, +5A +). All areas tuberculate, with almost all tubercles individually covered/surrounded by light-colored spots ( +Fig. 5A–B +). Scutal area I divided into left and right halves by a longitudinal median groove ( +Figs 4A +, +5A +). Scutal area I with three pairs of prominent tubercles ( +c +. 2× the ordinary tubercles) ( +Fig. 5A–B +). Scutal area II with ordinary tubercles diffusely distributed on all of its extension ( +Fig. 5A–B +). Scutal area II posterior-lateral margin embracing the scutal area +III +( +Fig. 5A +). Scutal area +III +with a pair of paramedian prominent domed-shaped tubercles (c. 7× the ordinary tubercles) ( +Figs 4A, D–E +, +5A–B, D +). Scutal area IV with two transversal rows of ordinary tubercles ( +Fig. 5A–B +). DS posterior margin and free tergites I– +III +each with a transversal row of prominent tubercles interpolated by unarmed spaces ( +Figs 4D +, +5A +). Anal operculum tuberculate ( +Fig. 4D +). + + +Venter: +Cx I– +III +sub-parallel to each other, each with ventral longitudinal rows of 7–12 setiferous tubercles (Cx I rows with higher and sharper tubercles than the others) ( +Fig. 4B +). Cx II with a retroventral distal row of four acuminated tubercles ( +Fig. 4B +). Cx +III +with a retroventral distal row of 10 acuminated tubercles ( +Fig. 4B +). Cx IV much larger than the others, directed obliquely ( +Fig. 4B +). Intercoxal bridges are well marked ( +Fig. 4B +). Stigmatic area Y-inverted-shaped, clearly sunken concerning the Cx IV’s distal part ( +Fig. 4B +). Cx IV covered by ordinary tubercles ( +Fig. 4B +). Cx IV posterior border and stigmatic area each with a transversal row of ordinary tubercles. Stigmata are visible ( +Fig. 4B +). Free sternites with a transverse row of ordinary tubercles. + + +Chelicera: +Basichelicerite elongate, bulla well-marked ( +Fig. 4A +), with marginal setiferous tubercles—one anterior mesal, two lateral ectal; hand not swollen. + + +Pedipalps: +Tr with two geminated ventral setiferous tubercles ( +Fig. 4B +). Fe with a ventral basal and a mesal distal setiferous tubercle ( +Fig. 4B–C +). Pa unarmed. Ti with two rows (ventro-mesal and ventro-ectal) of four spines (IiII) ( +Fig. 4C +). Ta with two rows of three spines—ventro-mesal, (IIi) ventro-ectal. + + +Legs: +All the unmentioned podomeres are unarmed or without relevant armature. Cx I–II dorsal proximal face with anterior and posterior basal apophyses (linked with ozopores); simple ones on Cx I, prominent ones on Cx II (posterior apophysis bifurcated, with the anterior bud larger and swollen). Tr I– +III +each with several ventral tubercles ( +Fig. 4B +). Fe I–II straight; Fe +III +sinuous ( +Fig. 4A–B +). Fe and Ti I– +III +with prodorsal, proventral, retroventral, and retrodorsal rows of small tubercles (Fe +III +proventral and retroventral tubercles larger and sharper than others) ( +Fig. 4A–B +). Fe II– +III +with an outstanding apical retrodorsal spur ( +Fig. 4A +). Cx IV reaching the DS posterior margin ( +Figs 4A +, +5A +). Cx IV tuberculate between prodorsal and ventral faces ( +Figs 4B +, +5A +). Cx IV with a prodorsal apophysis ‘scythe-shaped’ (subapically curved to posterior), bearing a small accessory blunt branch on its central posterior third ( +Figs 4A–B, D +, +5A–B, E +). Cx IV with a short retrolateral apophysis, fused with a small secondary branch ( +Figs 4A–B +, +5A +). Tr IV rectangle-shaped (in dorsal view) ( +Figs 4A–B +, +5A +). Tr IV distal half tuberculate on dorsal face ( +Fig. 5A +). Tr IV proximal portion with a conical apophysis on prolateral and retrolateral faces (retrolateral largest; prolateral slightly curved to dorsal on the central portion) ( +Figs 4A–B +, +5A +). Tr IV distal portion with a conical apophysis on prolateral and retrolateral faces (retrolateral largest; prolateral slightly curved to dorsal on the central portion) ( +Figs 4B +, +5A +). Tr IV distal third with a subconical prominent tubercle on prodorsal and retrodorsal faces ( +Fig. 5A +). Tr IV ventral face tuberculate ( +Fig. 4B +). Fe IV sub-straight, arched on the proximal portion towards retrodorsal face ( +Figs 4A–B +, +5A +). Fe IV dorsal face with four spines (iIiI, the second basalmost spine outstanding and curved to the retrolateral portion) ( +Figs 4A +, +5A +). Fe IV prodorsal face with four prominent tubercles (the basalmost acuminated) on the distal half and a reduced apical spur ( +Figs 4A +, +5A +). Fe IV proventral face with a row of four prominent acuminated tubercles on basal two-thirds, and two conical spines on the distal third ( +Fig. 4B +). Fe IV retroventral face with two prominent tubercles on the basal third, with four conical spines on distal two-thirds ( +Fig. 4B +). Fe IV retrolateral and retrodorsal faces with a longitudinal row of ordinary tubercles ( +Figs 4B +, +5A +). Fe IV with a sizeable apical retrodorsal spur (larger than the prodorsal spur) ( +Figs 4A +, +5A +). Pa IV dorsally covered by few prominent subconical tubercles ( +Fig. 4E +). Pa IV proventral and retroventral faces with a row of three spines. Ti IV with all faces containing longitudinal rows of spines (proventral, retroventral, and retrodorsal larger than others). Mt IV with all faces containing longitudinal rows of small spines. Mt IV with proventral and retroventral apical spurs. + + + +Table 6. +Leg measurements of + +Conapesquius brevifemur + +, ♂ (MNRJ 18926) +! + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
TrFePaTiMtTaCl +Total +
Pp0.520.790.700.98−0.71xx
Leg I0.581.660.73xxx–x
Leg II0.693.771.00xxx–x
Leg III0.773.140.90xxx–x
Leg IV1.183.311.39xxx–x
+ + +Coloration (in ethanol) +( +Fig. 4 +): Ch, ocularium,and carapace background +Brilliant Greenish Yellow +(98). Posterior portion of the carapace and central area of the mesotergum background + +Deep Greenish Yellow + +(100), with the tubercles (and their surrounding spots) +Light Yellow Green +(119). Paramedian armature of scutal area +III +, lateral portions of the carapace and +AS +margins +Strong Greenish Yellow +(99). Pp and legs I– +III +background +Light Yellow Green +(119). Leg IV background +Moderate Greenish Yellow +(102). + + +Male genitalia: +VP slightly divided into a distal half forming a trapezium (widest at the apex) with latero-apical flaps and a proximal half elliptical ( +Fig. 6A, C +). VP ventral surface entirely covered with microsetae of +type +1 ( +Fig. 6B–C +). All macrosetae cylindrical, inserted on lateral of VP. MS A1–A3 thick and acuminated, on the proximal part of VP ( +Fig. 6 +). MS B1 short, inserted ventrally, and close to A2 ( +Fig. 6B–C +). MS C1–C3 thick and acuminated, forming a longitudinal row on the distal half of VP ( +Fig. 6 +). MS D1 short, closer to C3 than A1 ( +Fig. 6A–B +). MS E1–E2 very reduced, located on the laterodistal flange of VP— E1 beside C1, E2 placed between C2–C3 ( +Fig. 6B–C +). Glans sac arising from the middle bulge on the podium, not extended as a dorsal process ( +Fig. 6A–B +). Stylus and its ventral process axis fused basally, forming a prominent trapezoidal-shaped pedestal above the glans ( +Fig. 6A +). Stylus cylindrical, bent at the distal part (forming a plateau) and armed with a set of ventral subapical spines ( +Fig. 6 +). Stylus without any expansion or flattening, +in situ +reaching the distal margin of VP ( +Fig. 6 +). Ventral process sigmoid, thinner, and as long as the stylus, with an apical flabellum ( +Fig. 6B +). Flabellum slightly bent ventrad, hand-shaped (with the main branch provided by short spines) ( +Fig. 6 +). + + + +Female ( +MHNCI +3621) + +! +: Right/left tarsal (distitarsal) counts: 6(3)/6(3) - 9(3)/10(3) - 7/7 - 7/7. Remark: Other measurements were not accessed before its lost. Cx IV narrower than the male, with the prodorsal distal apophysis reduced to a single spine and without a retrolateral distal apophysis. Fe IV straight. Fe IV dorsal face with two spines on the proximal third. Fe IV proventral and retroventral faces with a longitudinal row of spines. Fe IV retrodorsal face with two spines on the distal third. + + +Intraspecific variation: +It was not detected relevant intraspecific variation among the minor morph/major morph males or among females. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/A3/87/03A387C13018870112DDFA130B18FA82.xml b/data/03/A3/87/03A387C13018870112DDFA130B18FA82.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..952364d4187 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/A3/87/03A387C13018870112DDFA130B18FA82.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1489 @@ + + + +Further draining of Discocyrtus to expand Neopachylinae (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae): absorption of taxa and establishment of new genera and species + + + +Author + +Carvalho, Rafael N. +Departamento de Invertebrados, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Quinta da Boa Vista s / n, São Cristóvão, 20.940 - 040, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil & Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia Roberto de Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier 524, Maracanã, 20.550 - 900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil +rafaelcarvalhobio@hotmail.com + + + +Author + +Kury, Adriano B. +Departamento de Invertebrados, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Quinta da Boa Vista s / n, São Cristóvão, 20.940 - 040, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2025 + +zlae 023 + + +2024-03-30 + + +203 + + +1 + + +1 +65 + + + + +https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae023 + +journal article +10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae023 +0024-4082 +14802079 +BB99D24-3973-4413-B127-BDAA83186FA3 + + + + + + +Conapesquius heteracanthus +( +Mello-Leitão, 1936 +) + +gen. et comb. nov. + + + + + + +( +Figs 7–11 +) + + + + + + +• + + +Discocyrtus heteracanthus +Mello-Leitão 1936: 7 + + +, fig. 5. + + + + + +Discocyrtus heteracanthus + +—B. + +Soares 1945b: 193 + +; B. + +Soares 1945d: 372 + +; H. + +Soares 1945: 211 + +; + +Soares and Soares 1954: 250 + +; + +Kury 2003: 136 + +. + + + + +• + + +Discocyrtus guarauna +Piza 1940a: 59 + + +. +NEW SYNONYMY + + + + + +Discocyrtus guarauna + +—B. + +Soares 1945b: 193 + +; B. + +Soares 1946: 515 + +; H. + +Soares 1945: 227 + +; + +Soares and Soares 1954: 250 + +; + +Kury 2003: 163 + +. + + + + + + +Type +data + + + + +Discocyrtus guarauna +: + + +2 ♀ +syntypes +( +MZSP 49 +! +, examined), from +BRAZIL +, +Paraná +, [ +Teixeira Soares +], +Guaraúna +. + +Discocyrtus heteracanthus + + +: + +♂ +♀ +syntypes +( +MNRJ 42278 +! +, examined), from +BRAZIL +, +Paraná +, +‘Cachoeirinha’ +[= currently +Arapoti +, now abandoned Railway Station, -24.149 342°, -49.822 454°] + +. + + +Records + + +BRAZIL +: state of +Paraná +: Morretes, Porto de Cima [nowadays a district of Morretes] (H. +Soares 1945 +). + + + + +Diagnosis + + + +Conapesquius heteracanthus +( +Mello-Leitão, 1936 +) + +can be distinguished from + +C. brevifemur + +, + +C. rectipes + +, and + +C. spinifemur + +due to (1) ocularium and its pair of spines almost forming a right angle ( +Figs 9B +, +10C +); (2) scutal area III with a pair of outstanding cylinders with a broad base ( +Figs 8A, D, F +, +9A–B +, +10A, 10C +); (3) Fe III straight ( +Figs 8A +, +9A, C +); (4) flabellum hand-shaped, provided with five branches with short spines ( +Fig. 11D +); (5) females’ Tr IV prolateral face unarmed on the distal portion ( +Fig. 9D–E +); (6) females’ Fe IV retrolateral face unarmed. + + + + +Non-type material examined + + + +BRAZIL +: state of +Paraná +: + +Antonina + + +: + +1 ♂ +( +IBSP 8679 +) + +, + +3 ♂ +1 ♀ +( +IBSP 8809 +), [-25.4286°, -48,7119°], +Rio Cachoeira +, + +15–19. iv.2004 + +, +Hofer, H. +leg. + +; + +1 ♀ +( +UFPR +), +RPPN +Reserva Natural Guaricica +( +SPVS +), + +10.iii.2017 + +, +Pinto, A. P. +leg. + +; + +2 ♂ +( +UFPR +), idem, + +23–27.x.2017 + +, +Pinto, A. P. +leg. + +; + +2 ♀ +( +UFPR +), idem, +Alojamento Bom Jesus +, + +16–20.iv.2018 + +, +Pinto, A. P. +leg. + +; + +11 ♂ +6 ♀ +1 juv ( +MNRJ 377 +), idem, +Trilha dos Fornos +, -25.30 252°, -48.66 005°, + +125 m + +, + +16.xi.2021 + +, +Carvalho +, + +R +. N. + +et al. leg + +.; + +1 ♂ +1 ♀ +( +MNRJ 60568 +), idem, +Trilha da Rede +, -25.302 599°, -48.672 713°, + +112 m + +, + +07.xi.2019 + +, +L.N. Ázara +, + +R +. +N. + +Carvalho & +A.B. Kury +leg. + +; + +3 ♂ +2 ♀ +1 juv ( +MNRJ 60569 +), idem, +Trilha do Corvo +, -25.325 467°, -48.675 008°, + +40 m + +, + +08.xi.2019 + +, +L.N.Ázara +, + +R +. +N. + +Carvalho & +A.B. Kury +leg. + +; + +3 ♂ +2 ♀ +( +MNRJ 60571 +), idem, +Trilha do Ferro +, -25.304 346°, -48.680 888°, + +68 m + +, + +10.xi.2019 + +, +L.N. Ázara +, + +R +.N. + +Carvalho +& +A.B. Kury +leg +. +Guaraqueçaba + +: + +1 ♂ +1 ♀ +( +MNRJ 60570 +), +Reserva Biológica Bom Jesus +, -25.296 235°, -48.613 820°, + +178 m + +, + +09.xi.2019 + +, +L.N. Ázara +, + +R +. +N. + +Carvalho & +A.B. Kury +leg. Morretes + +: + +1 ♂ +1 ♀ +( +MZSP 1010 +) +! +, [-25.4397°, -48.9048°], + +ix.1946 + +, +Gofferjé, C. N. +leg +. + +; + +1 ♂ +1 ♀ +( +MZSP 1033 +) +! +, [-25.4814°, -48.829°], 1946, +Hatschbach, G. G. +leg +. + +; + +6 ♂ +4 ♀ +( +MNRJ 5442 +) +! +, +Parque Estadual do Marumbi +, [-25.433°, -48.9166°], + +27.i.1990 + +, +Baptista +, +R +. +L. C. +leg + +.; + +5 ♂ +2 ♀ +( +MZSP 18757 +) + +! +, + +1 ♂ +1 ♀ +( +MZSP 18774 +) +! +, idem, + +09–09.iv.1999 + +, +Pinto-da-Rocha +, +R +. & +Chagas Jr., A. +leg +. + +; + +1 ♂ +1 ♀ +( +MZSP 36237 +), idem, + +x.1946 + +, +Imaguirei, K. +leg. + +; + +1 ♂ +( +MHNCI 6325 +), +Porto de Cima +, + +08.ix.1986 + +, +Bérnils +, +R +. S. +leg + +. +; + +1 ♂ +( +MHNCI 174 +) + +! +, + +1 ♀ +( +MHNCI 175 +) +! +, idem, +Prainha +, [-25.4369°, -48.8764°], + +i.1944 + +, +Leprevost +leg +. + +; + +1 ♂ +2 ♀ +( +MHNCI 6341 +), +Véu da Noiva +, + +18.vi.1988 + +, +Wosiack +& +Bornschein +leg. + +; + +1 ♂ +1 ♀ +( +MZSP 18807 +) +! +, idem, +-25.4166 +, +-48.933 +, + +08.iv.1999 + +, +Pinto-da-Rocha +, +R +. & +Chagas Jr., A. +leg +. + +; + +1 ♂ +1 ♀ +( +MNRJ-HS 149 +) +! +, +Vista Cavalcanti +, + +24.iii.1946 + +, +Hatschbach +, G. +leg +. + +Quatro Barras + + +: + +1 ♂ +( +MHNCI 6333 +), +Alto da Serra +, [-25.35°, -48.9167°], + +26.v.1987 + +, +Segalla, M. +V +. +leg + +. +; + +2 ♂ +2 ♀ +( +MHNCI 6612 +A), + +12.viii.1989 + +, +Pinto-da-Rocha +, +R +. +leg + +. + + + + +Distribution (new records with an asterisk) + + +BRAZIL +: state of +Paraná +: +Antonina +*, Arapoti, Guaraqueçaba*, Morretes, Quatro Barras*, Teixeira Soares* ( +Fig. 3 +). + + + + +Figure 7. +Habitus +in vivo +of + +Conapesquius heteracanthus +( +Mello-Leitão, 1936 +) + +, from Brazil, Paraná, +Antonina, RPPN Guaricica. +♂ (A–C) and ♀ (D–F). Photographs of Adriano Kury. + + + + +Redescription + + + +MNRJ +42278 + +! + +(male +syntype +) + +and + +MNRJ +60568 (male) + +for the external body illustrations and description ( +Figs 8–10 +); DS, measurements: CW 2.7, CL 1.9, AW 4.9, AL 2.7; Leg I–IV measurements in +Table 7 +; Right/left tarsal (distitarsal) counts: 6(3)/6(3) - 12(3)/10(3) - 7/7 - 7/7. + +MNRJ-HS +149 + +! +for genitalic illustrations ( +Fig. 11 +). + + +Dorsum: +DS gamma-pyriform, as long as wide, with +AS +lateral margins strongly convex, widest at scutal area II and thickest at scutal area +III +, with sinuous posterior margin ( +Figs 8A, D +, +9A–B +, +10A, C +). DS anterior margin divided by a small central projection in the center and a pair of shallow cheliceral sockets ( +Figs 8A +, +9A +, +10A +). Carapace anterior portion with two transversal rows of five prominent subconical tubercles, and centrally covered by prominent and ordinary tubercles ( +Fig. 10A +). Carapace posterior portion with a paramedian pair of prominent tubercles, surrounded by ordinary tubercles on lateral and posterior portions ( +Fig. 10A, C +). Ocularium elliptical (in dorsal view), high ( +c +. 3× the eye diameter), perpendicularly placed on the middle of the carapace ( +Fig. 10A–C +). Ocularium with a pair of parallel spines ( +c +. 2.5× the eye diameter) ( +Figs 8A, D–E +, +9A–B +, +10A–C +). +AS +lateral margins with two rows of tubercles: one external, composed of four-five prominent subconical tubercles at areas II–IV; another internal one with ordinary tubercles from the posterior corner of the carapace to the posterior margin ( +Fig. 8A +). Mesotergum divided into four clearly defined areas ( +Figs 8A +, +9A +, +10A +). All scutal areas tuberculate, with almost all tubercles individually covered/surrounded by light-colored spots ( +Figs 7A +, +9A +, +10A +). Scutal area I divided into left and right halves by a longitudinal median groove ( +Figs 8A, D +, +9A +, +10A +). Scutal area I with two pairs of prominent tubercles ( +c +. 1.5× the ordinary tubercles) ( +Fig. 10A, C +). Scutal area II with a transversal row of eight prominent tubercles (centrally arched to proximal margin) ( +Fig. 10A +). Scutal area II with anterior-lateral margin slightly embracing the scutal area I, and with posterior-lateral margin embracing the scutal area +III +( +Figs 8A +, +9A +, +10A +). Scutal area +III +with a pair of remarkable cylindrical structures with a broad base ( +c +. 7× the ordinary tubercles), with its surroundings covered by ordinary tubercles ( +Figs 8A, D, F +, +9A–B +, +10A, C +). Scutal area IV with two transversal rows of four prominent subconical tubercles ( +c +. 1.5× the ordinary tubercles) ( +Figs 8D +, +10A +). DS posterior border and free tergites I– +III +each with a transversal row of prominent tubercles (larger ones on the medial portion) ( +Figs 8A, F +, +9A +, +10A +). Anal operculum tuberculate ( +Figs 7C +, +8F +). + + + +Figure 8. + +Conapesquius heteracanthus +( +Mello-Leitão, 1936 +) + +, ♂ syntype (MNRJ 42278) +! +. A, habitus, dorsal view. B, right trochanter and femur IV, dorsal view. C, detail of the coxa IV prodorsal apophysis and trochanter IV, proventral view. D, habitus, lateral view. E, same, anterior view. F, same, posterior view. Scale bars: 2 mm (C), 3 mm (A–B, D–E). + + + +Venter: +Cx I– +III +sub-parallel to each other, individually with ventral longitudinal rows of 7–12 setiferous tubercles (Cx I rows with higher and sharper tubercles than the others) ( +Fig. 9C +). Cx II with a retroventral distal row of four acuminated tubercles. Cx +III +with a retroventral distal row of nine acuminated tubercles. Cx IV much larger than the others, directed obliquely ( +Fig. 9C +). Intercoxal bridges are well marked ( +Fig. 9C +). Stigmatic area Y-inverted-shaped, clearly sunken concerning Cx IV’s distal part ( +Fig. 9C +). Cx IV covered by ordinary tubercles. Stigmata are visible ( +Fig. 9C +). Free sternites with a transverse row of ordinary tubercles. + + + +Figure 9. + +Conapesquius heteracanthus +( +Mello-Leitão, 1936 +) + +, ♂ (MNRJ 60568). A, habitus, dorsal view. B, same, lateral view. C, same, ventral view. ♀ (same voucher). D, habitus, dorsal view. E, same, lateral view. F, same, ventral view. Scale bars = 3 mm. + + + +Chelicera: +Basichelicerite elongate, bulla well marked ( +Fig. 10A +), with four marginal setiferous tubercles on the ectal face ( +Fig. 10A +); hand not swollen. + + +Pedipalps: +Tr with two geminated ventral setiferous tubercles. Fe with a ventral basal and a mesal distal setiferous tubercle. Pa unarmed ( +Figs 8A, D–E +, +9A–C +). Ti with a row of four spines (IiII) on ventro-mesal ( +Fig. 8A +) and ventro-ectal faces. Ta with two rows of spines—three (IIi) ventro-mesal ( +Fig. 8A +) and four (IIIi) ventro-ectal. + + +Legs: +All the unmentioned podomeres are unarmed or without relevant armature. Cx I–II dorsal proximal face with anterior and posterior basal apophyses (linked with ozopores); simple ones on Cx I, prominent ones on Cx II (posterior apophysis bifurcated, with the anterior bud larger and swollen). Tr I– +III +each with several ventral tubercles. Fe I– +III +straight ( +Fig. 9A–C +). Fe and Ti I– +III +with prodorsal, proventral, retroventral, and retrodorsal rows of small tubercles (Fe +III +proventral and retroventral tubercles larger and sharper than others). Fe II– +III +with an outstanding apical retrodorsal spur ( +Fig. 9A +). Cx IV reaching the free tergite I ( +Figs 8A +, +9A +, +10A +). Cx IV tuberculate between prodorsal and ventral faces ( +Fig. 8D +). Cx IV with a prodorsal distal apophysis which is detected in two different shapes: (1) ‘scythe-shaped’ (subapically curved to posterior), bearing a small accessory blunt branch on its central posterior third ( +Figs 8 +, +10K–L +), or (2) subconical and thin, centrally curved to posterior ( +Figs 9A–C +, +10A, C +). Cx IV with a short retrolateral apophysis, fused with a small secondary branch ( +Figs 8A–B +, +9A, C +). Tr IV rectangle-shaped (in dorsal view) ( +Figs 8A–C +, +9A–C +, +10A +). Tr IV tuberculate on dorsal and ventral faces ( +Fig. 10A, F–H +). Tr IV distal portion with a transversal apophysis (similar to a hook) on prodorsal and retrodorsal faces (retrodorsal attenuated, with two prominent subconical tubercles above it) ( +Fig. 10A, E–F, H +). Tr IV proximal portion with a conical apophysis on prolateral and retrolateral faces (retrolateral largest) ( +Figs 8B +, +10A +). Tr IV prolateral face with two central and one distal prominent subconical tubercles ( +Figs 8B +, +10A +). Tr IV distal portion with a subconical prominent tubercle on retrodorsal and retrolateral distal faces ( +Fig. 10A, E–H +). Fe IV sub-straight, arched on the proximal portion towards the prodorsal face ( +Figs 8B, D, F +, +9B +, +10E–H +). Fe IV dorsal face with six conical spines (IiIiII), all centrally bent to the retrolateral portion ( +Fig. 10E–F, H +). Fe IV prodorsal, prolateral and retrodorsal faces with a longitudinal row of ordinary tubercles ( +Fig. 10E–H +). Fe IV proventral face with seven prominent tubercles (interpolated by ordinary ones) and a distalmost conical spine ( +Fig. 10F–G +). Fe IV retroventral face with two outstanding tubercles and a subconical spine (bent retrolaterad) on proximal half, and a subconical spine (bent retrolaterad) and two conical spines on distal half ( +Fig. 10G–H +). Fe IV retrolateral face with a prominent tubercle on the proximal half and three conical spines on distal half ( +Fig. 10E, G–H +). Fe IV apical portion with a sizeable spur on prodorsal and retrodorsal faces ( +Fig. 10E–H +). Pa IV dorsally covered by prominent subconical tubercles (some are outstanding, mainly on dorsal and retrodorsal faces) ( +Fig. 10F +). Pa IV proventral and retroventral faces with a row of three spines ( +Fig. 10J +). Ti IV with all faces containing longitudinal rows of spines (proventral and retroventral larger than others) ( +Fig. 10I–J +). Mt IV with all faces containing longitudinal rows of small spines. Mt IV with proventral and retroventral apical spurs. + + + +Coloration (in vivo) ( +Fig. 7 +): + +DS anterior margin and carapace background +Dark Yellowish Brown +(78). DS lateral margins (between the anterior portion and the scutal area II) +Strong Yellow +(84). Mesotergum background, DS posterior margin and free tergites I– +III +Dark Grayish Olive +(111). Mesotergum central diamond layer and the DS posterior margin +Strong Greenish Yellow +(99). DS ordinary tubercles +Light Yellow Green +(119). DS and free tergites I– +III +prominent tubercles +Vivid Greenish Yellow +(97) or +Pale Greenish Yellow +(104). Scutal area +III +paramedian armature +Blackish Red +(21), with apex +Dark Reddish Orange +(38). Ch glossier background + +Deep Yellow Green + +(118). Pp glossier background +Strong Yellow Green +(117), irregularly covered by +Dark Grayish Olive Green +(128) spots. Tr I– +III +background +Strong Greenish Yellow +(99). Fe–Mt I– +III +background combines + +Deep Greenish Yellow + +(100) and +Dark Grayish Olive +(111). Fe II– +III +retrodorsal apical spur + +Deep Yellow + +(85). Cx–Tr IV background +Dark Reddish Brown +(44). Cx–Fe IV with the apophyses’ apex +Strong Reddish Brown +(40). Fe–Mt IV background +Blackish Red +(21). Ti IV distal portion +Vivid Yellow +(82). + + + +Figure 10. + +Conapesquius heteracanthus +( +Mello-Leitão, 1936 +) + +, ♂ (MNRJ 60568). A, habitus, dorsal view. B, ocularium, anterior view. C, habitus, lateral view. D, armature of scutal area III, posterior view. E, right femur and patella IV, dorsal view. F, same, prolateral view. G, right femur IV, ventral view. H, same, retrolateral view. I, right tibia IV, dorsal view. J, same, ventral view. ♂ syntype (MNRJ 42278). K, coxa IV, showing prodorsal and retrolateral apophyses, dorsal view. L, detail of the coxa IV prodorsal apophysis, lateral view. Scale bars: 1 mm (B, D, K–L), 2 mm (I–J), 3 mm (A, C), 5 mm (E–H). + + + + +Figure 11. + +Conapesquius heteracanthus +( +Mello-Leitão, 1936 +) + +, ♂ (MNRJ-HS 149) +! +, genitalia, distal part. A, dorsal view. B, ventral view. C, lateral view. D, detail of stylus and ventral process, latero-apical view. Scale bars: 10 μm (D), 50 μm (A, C), 100 μm (B). + + + + +Table 7. +Leg measurements of +Conapesquius heteracanthus +, ♂ (MNRJ 60568) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
TrFePaTiMtTaCl +Total +
Pp0.531.200.520.95−0.770.654.62
Leg I0.542.340.751.692.661.57–9.55
Leg II0.795.201.174.155.853.40–20.57
Leg III0.753.851.232.304.111.95–14.21
Leg IV1.664.591.523.516.242.40–19.93
+ + + +Coloration (in ethanol) ( +Fig. 9 +): + +DS anterior margin and carapace background +Dark Olive Brown +(96). DS lateral margins (between the anterior portion and the scutal area II) +Dark Yellow +(88). Mesotergum background +Olive Black +(114). Mesotergum central diamond layer, DS posterior margin and free tergites I– +III +Light Olive +(106). Mesotergum grooves between areas I– IV combines +Moderate Yellow +(87) and +Olive Black +(114). DS prominent tubercles +Pale Yellow +(89). Scutal area +III +paramedian armature +Olive Black +(114), with apex +Strong Yellowish Brown +(74). Ch glossier +Dark Grayish Olive Green +(128), with honeycombed details +Moderate Greenish Yellow +(102). Pp and Tr I– +III +background +Light Yellow Green +(119) covered by +Olive Black +(114) spots. Fe–Mt I– +III +background combines +Olive Black +(114) and +Strong Greenish Yellow +(99). Ti +III +distal portion +Light Yellow Green +(119). Cx–Tr IV background +Dark Yellowish Brown +(78). Fe–Mt IV background +Dark Olive Brown +(96). Ti IV distal portion +Vivid Greenish Yellow +(97). + + +Male genitalia: +VP slightly divided into a distal half forming a trapezium (widest at the apex) with latero-apical flaps and a proximal half elliptical ( +Fig. 11A–B +). VP ventral surface entirely covered with microsetae of +type +1 ( +Fig. 11B–C +). All macrosetae cylindrical, inserted on lateral of VP. MS A1–A3 thick and acuminated, on the basal half of VP ( +Fig. 11A, C +). MS B1 short, inserted ventrally, showing longitudinal asymmetry (proximal to A2 on the right side, to A3 on the left side) ( +Fig. 11B–C +). MS C1–C3 thick and acuminated, forming a triangle on the distal half of VP ( +Fig. 11A–C +). MS D1 short, closer to C3 than A1 ( +Fig. 11C +). MS E1–E2 very reduced, located on the laterodistal flange of VP—E1 above C1, E2 placed between C1 and C2 ( +Fig. 11C +). Glans sac arising from the middle bulge on the podium, not extended as a dorsal process ( +Fig. 11A, C +). Stylus and its ventral process axis fused basally, forming a pedestal above the glans ( +Fig. 11A, D +). Stylus cylindrical, bent at the distal part (forming a plateau) and armed with a set of ventral subapical spines ( +Fig. 11A–B, C +). Stylus without any expansion or flattening, +in situ +reaching the distal margin of VP ( +Fig. 11A +). Ventral process bent dorsad, as long and thinner than the stylus ( +Fig. 11B, D +). Flabellum slightly bent ventrad, hand-shaped (with three branches provided by short spines) ( +Fig. 11D +). + + + +Female ( +MNRJ +60568) ( +Fig. 9D–F +): + +DS, measurements: CW 2.4, CL 1.7, AW 4.1, AL 2.6; Leg I–IV measurements in +Table 8 +; Right/left tarsal (distitarsal) counts: 6(3)/6(3) - 9(3)/9(3) - 7/x - 7/7. DS posterior margin concave ( +Fig. 9D +). +AS +margins less concave than detected on males ( +Fig. 9D +). Scutal area +III +with a pair of paramedian conical spines ( +c +. 20× the ordinary tubercles) ( +Fig. 9D–E +). Cx IV narrower than males, with the prodorsal distal apophysis reduced to a single spine and without a retrolateral distal apophysis ( +Fig. 9D, F +). Fe IV straight ( +Fig. 9D–F +). Fe IV dorsal face with three spines ( +Fig. 9E +). Fe IV proventral and retrolateral faces with a row of spines ( +Fig. 9E–F +). +Intraspecific variation: +Some variations among +minor morph males +and +major morph males +were detected: (1) +AS +lateral margins with reduced subconical tubercles ( +Figs 9A +, +10A +); (2) Cx IV prodorsal apophysis not ‘scythe-shaped’, as a conical structure bent centrally ( +Figs 9A–C +, +10A +); and (3) Fe–Ti IV with reduced and thinner armature ( +Fig. 9B–C +). Variation among +major morph males +: scutal area II with a transversal row of eight or ten prominent tubercles. No relevant intraspecific variation among the females was detected in the material studied. + + + + +Table 8. +Leg measurements of +Conapesquius heteracanthus +, ♀ (MNRJ 60568) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
TrFePaTiMtTaCl +Total +
Pp0.561.150.770.96−0.820.794.85
Leg I0.551.770.721.422.111.28–7.86
Leg II0.674.451.113.334.652.74–16.97
Leg III0.763.160.821.903.331.87–11.85
Leg IV1.144.381.182.675.412.27–17.06
+ + + +Historical taxonomical remarks: +After careful examination, it is apparent that the female +holotype +of + +Discocyrtus guarauna + +( +MZSP +49) shows conspicuous similarities to the female +syntypes +of + +Conapesquius heteracanthus + +( +MNRJ +42278 +! +) and its ordinary specimens studied herein. Since the original description of + +Discocyrtus guarauna + +, no additional ordinary specimens have been reported in the literature. However, the type-locality of Teixeira Soares, +Paraná +, which is present within the Araucaria Forest province, does not align well with the geographical distribution of + +Conapesquius heteracanthus + +(most of records from the Atlantic Forest) ( +Fig. 3 +). It remains uncertain whether the type-locality was erroneously assigned by +Piza (1940a) +or if the lack of further records of + +Conapesquius heteracanthus + +in the Araucaria Forest province is a result of limited available material. In the absence of conclusive evidence to refute the original data of + +Discocyrtus guarauna + +, it is proposed here as a junior subjective synonym of + +Conapesquius heteracanthus + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/A3/87/03A387C1301E873C12C0FA900BF4FC7A.xml b/data/03/A3/87/03A387C1301E873C12C0FA900BF4FC7A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..3e428f025ba --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/A3/87/03A387C1301E873C12C0FA900BF4FC7A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1673 @@ + + + +Further draining of Discocyrtus to expand Neopachylinae (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae): absorption of taxa and establishment of new genera and species + + + +Author + +Carvalho, Rafael N. +Departamento de Invertebrados, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Quinta da Boa Vista s / n, São Cristóvão, 20.940 - 040, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil & Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia Roberto de Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier 524, Maracanã, 20.550 - 900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil +rafaelcarvalhobio@hotmail.com + + + +Author + +Kury, Adriano B. +Departamento de Invertebrados, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Quinta da Boa Vista s / n, São Cristóvão, 20.940 - 040, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2025 + +zlae 023 + + +2024-03-30 + + +203 + + +1 + + +1 +65 + + + + +https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae023 + +journal article +10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae023 +0024-4082 +14802079 +BB99D24-3973-4413-B127-BDAA83186FA3 + + + + + + + +Conapesquius rectipes +( +Roewer, 1913 +) + +gen. et comb. nov. + + + + + + + +( +Figs 12–15 +) + + + + + +• + +Discocyrtus rectipes +Roewer 1913: 114 + +, fig. 52. + + + + +Discocyrtus rectipes + +— + +Roewer 1923: 436 + +, fig.547; + +Mello-Leitão 1923: 126 + +; + +Roewer 1927: 335 + +; + +Roewer 1929: 205 + +; + +Mello-Leitão 1932: 179 + +, fig. 100; + +Soares and Soares 1954: 254 + +; + +Weidner 1959: 121 + +; + +Acosta 1996: 216 + +; + +Kury 2003: 165 + +; Carvalho 2017: 278. + + + + + + +Type +data + + + + +Discocyrtus rectipes +: + + +1 ♂ +6 ♀ +syntypes +( +SMF +RI 785 +, examined) from +BRAZIL +, without further locality data + +; + +4♂ +3 ♀ +( +ZHM 1438 +) from +BRAZIL +, + +São Paulo +, +Ribeirão Pires + +[misidentification of + +D. littoralis +Mello-Leitão, 1932 + +, as reported by Carvalho 2017: 278] + +. + + +Records + +Without further geographic records in the literature. + + + +Diagnosis + + + +Conapesquius rectipes + +can be distinguished from + +C. brevifemur + +, + +C. heteracanthus + +, and + +C. spinifemur + +due to (1) Ch bulla with spines on anterior mesal margin (as in + +C. brevifemur + +) ( +Fig. 14A +); (2) DS thickest at area I ( +Figs 13B +, +14C +); (3) Cx I ventral with a transversal row of juxtaposed spines; (4) Cx III retrolateral face with an apophysis ( +Fig. 13C +); (5) Fe IV dorsal face with four outstanding spines on the proximal half (as in + +C. heteracanthus + +) ( +Fig. 14E–F, H +). + + + + +Material examined + + + +BRAZIL +: +State +of +Santa Catarina +: + +Blumenau + + +: + +1 ♂ +2 ♀ +( +MZSP 36263 +), +ix.1955 +, Gofferjé, C.N. +leg + +.; + +1 ♂ +( +IBSP 5867 +) + +! +, + +1 ♂ +( +IBSP 5868 +) + +, + +1 ♂ +( +IBSP 5888 +) + +! +, + +1 ♀ +IBSP +(5897) + +, + +1 ♂ +( +IBSP 5899 +) + +, + +1 ♂ +( +IBSP 5930 +) + +! +, + +1 ♂ +( +IBSP 5948 +) + +! +, + +1 ♀ +( +IBSP 5956 +) + +, + +1 ♂ +( +IBSP 5960 +) + +! +, + +1 ♂ +( +IBSP 5961 +) + +! +, + +1 ♂ +IBSP +(6028), +Parque Natural Municipal Nascentes do Garcia +, -27.0166°, -49.15°, + +21–28.i.2003 + +, +Equipe Biota +leg +. + +; + +3 ♂ +1 ♀ +( +MNRJ 2675 +) + +! +, + +Parque Ecológico Spitzkopf +, -27.0°, -49.1°, + +03.ii.1996 + +, +Bonaldo, A. +; +Kury, A. B. +& +Rocha +, +R +. +leg + +.; + +2 ♂ +( +MZSP 18323 +) + +! +, + +1 ♂ +1 ♀ +( +MZSP 18332 +) + +! +, + +idem, + +29.iii.1999 + +, +Pinto-da-Rocha +, +R +.; +Bérnils +, +R +. S. & +Lingnau +, +R +. +leg + +.; + +6 ♂ +5 ♀ +( +MNRJ 2860 +) + +, + +1 ♂ +( +MNRJ 2863 +) + +, + +Sítio Griebner +, +Nova Rússia +, -27.01773°, -49.09265°, + +362 m + +, + +07.ii.2022 + +, +Martins, P.H. +et al. leg +. + +Florianópolis + + +: + +1 ♂ +( +MNRJ 365 +) + +, + +Morro da Aranha +, + +10.i.2019 + +, +Giupponi +, A. +leg +. + +Ilhota + + +: + +1 ♂ +( +MNRJ 2879 +) + +, + +Parque Botânico Morro do Baú +, -26,7998°,- 48,94 251°, + +276 m + +, + +08.ii.2022 + +, +Martins +, P.H. +et al. leg + +.; + +1 ♂ +2 ♀ +( +MNRJ 6653 +) + +! +, + +idem, -26.80, -48.95, + +25.i.1990 + +, +Baptista +, +R +. +L. C. +& +Baptista, A. +R +. P. +leg + +.; + +1 ♂ +( +MNRJ 6956 +) + +! +, + +idem, + +04.ii.1996 + +, +Bonaldo, A. +, +Kury, A. B. +& +Pinto-da-Rocha +, +R +. +leg + +.; + +2 ♂ +2 ♀ +( +MZSP 18656 +) + +, + + +01–02.iv.1999 + +, +Pinto-da-Rocha +, +R +., +Bérnils +, +R +. & +Lingnau +, +R +. +leg +. + +Indaial + + +: + +1 ♂ +( +MNRJ 3045 +) + +, + +1 ♂ +( +MNRJ 3050 +) + +, + +Instituto de Permacultura Vale do Itajaí +( +IPEVI +), -26.96 635°, -49.18 029°, +184 m +, +09.ii.2022 +, Martins, P. H. + +et al. leg. + +Itajaí: +1 ♀ +( +MNRJ 4493 +) + + + +! +, + +1 ♂ +( +MZSP 18156 +) + +! +, + +[-26 883°, -48,65°], +Rodovia +BR 470 +, + +09.iii.1999 + +, +Kury, A.B. +; +Pinto-da-Rocha +, +R +. & +Giupponi +, A. + +leg. +Luís Alves + + +: + +4 ♂ +4 ♀ +( +MZSP 29868 +) + +, + +Alto Máximo +, [-26 725°, -49 055°], + +12.xii.2005 + +, +da Silva, M. B. +et al. leg +. + +Porto Belo + + +: + +1 ♂ +( +MNRJ 7420 +, APA +Araçá +, [-27 137°, -48 542°], +Antrópica do Caixa d’Aço +, + +26.vii.2011 + +, +Trivia +, A.L. & Chagas-Jr., A. +leg + +. +; + +9 ♂ +( +MNRJ 7270 +) + +! +, + +8 ♂ +12 ♀ +1 juv ( +MNRJ 7400 +) + +! +, + +1 ♂ +3 ♀ +( +MNRJ 7411 +) + +! +, + +APA +Araçá +, +Avançada do Refúgio +, + +25-26.iv.2011 + +, +Trivia, A.L. +& Chagas-Jr., A. +leg + +.; + +1 ♂ +2 ♀ +( +MNRJ 7311 +) + +! +, + +idem, 24.vii.48, +Trivia, A.L. +& +Malta, L. +leg +. + +; + +1♂ +1♀ +1 juv ( +MNRJ 7369 +) + +! +, + +APA +Araçá +, +Banhado +do Caixa-d’aço, + +24.vii.2011 + +, +Trivia, A.L. +& +Malta, L. +leg. + +; + +1 ♂ +( +MNRJ 7383 +) + +! +, + +APA +Araçá +, +Banhado do Guinho +, + +25.vii.2011 + +, +Trivia, A.L. +& +Malta, L. +leg. + +; + +1 ♂ +1 juv ( +MNRJ 7435 +) + +! +, + +APA +Araçá +, +Inicial da Bia +, + +25.vii.2011 + +, +Trivia, A.L. +& +Malta, L + +.; + +1 ♂ +( +MNRJ 7334 +) + +! +, + +APA +Araçá +, +Inicial do Guinho +, + +27.vii.2011 + +, +Trivia, A.L. +& +Malta, L. +leg. + +; + +4 ♂ +1 ♀ +( +MNRJ 7323 +) + +! +, + +2 ♂ +3 ♀ +( +MNRJ 7388 +) + +! +, + +APA +Araçá +, +Média do Guinho +, + +25.iv.2011 + +, +Trivia, A.L. +& Chagas-Jr., A. + +leg. +Rancho Queimado + + +: + +1 ♂ +( +MCN 1254 +) + +! +, + +1 ♂ +( +MCN 1255 +) +! +, +08–11.x.1994 +, Bonaldo, A. B. +leg + +.; + +1 ♂ +( +MCN 1263 +) +! +, +20.x.1994 +, Bonaldo, A. B. +leg + +. + + +São Bento +do Sul + +: +1 ♂ +1 ♀ +( +MNRJ 2833 +) + +, + +1 ♂ +( +MNRJ 2844 +) + +, + +Centro de Estudos +e +Pesquisas Ambientais Rugendas +, -26.3238°, -49.30 659°, + +639 m + +, + +05.ii.2022 + +, +Martins, P.H. +et al. leg + +.; + +1 ♂ +( +MNRJ 0041 +) + +! +, + +1 ♂ +7 ♀ +( +MNRJ 9196 +) + +! +, + +[-26,35°, -49,3°], +Rio Natal +, + +14.xii.1982 + +, +Jim +, J. +et al. leg + +.; + +1 ♂ +( +MNRJ 6956 +) + +! +, + +Serra Alta +, [-26 266°, -49 383°], + +26.iii.1993 + +, +Sachsse +, +R +., +Silva, S. P. C. +, +Gomes +, M. & +Peixoto, O. +leg +. + +São Francisco +do +Sul + + +: + +1 ♀ +( +MNRJ 2823 +) + +, + +Centro de Estudos +e +Pesquisas Ambientais Vila da Glória +, -26.22 655°, -48.68 365°, + +8 m + +, + +05.ii.2022 + +, +Martins +, P. H. +et al. leg + +. + + + + +Figure 12. +Habitus +in vivo +of + +Conapesquius rectipes +( +Roewer, 1913 +) + +, from Brazil, Santa Catarina, +São Bento +do Sul, Centro de Estudos e Pesquisas Ambientais Rugendas. ♂ (A–C) and ♀ (D–F). Photographs of Pedro Martins. + + + + +Figure 13. + +Conapesquius rectipes +( +Roewer, 1913 +) + +, ♂ (IBSP 6028). A, habitus, dorsal view. B, same, lateral view. C, same, ventral view. ♀ (same voucher). D, habitus, dorsal view. E, same, lateral view. F, same, ventral view. Scale bars = 3 mm. + + + + +Distribution (new records with an asterisk) + + +BRAZIL +: state of +Santa Catarina +: Blumenau*, Florianópolis*, Indaial*, Ilhota*, Itajaí*, Luís Alves*, Porto Belo*, Rancho Queimado*, +São Bento +do Sul*, +São Francisco +do Sul* ( +Fig. 3 +). + + + + +Redescription + + + +IBSP +6028 (male) + +for the external body illustrations and description ( +Figs 13A–C +, +14 +); DS, measurements: CW 2.2, CL 1.5, AW 4.2, AL 2.3; Leg I–IV measurements in +Table 9 +; Right/ left tarsal (distitarsal) counts: 5(3)/5(3) - 8(3)/9(3) - 7/7 - 7/7. + +MNRJ +0041 + +! +for genitalic illustrations ( +Fig. 15A–D +). + + +Dorsum: +DS gamma-pyriform, as long as wide, with +AS +lateral margins strongly convex, widest at scutal areas II– +III +and thickest at scutal area I, with sinuous posterior margin ( +Figs 13A +, +14A +). DS anterior margin divided by a small central projection in the center and a pair of shallow cheliceral sockets ( +Fig. 14A +). Carapace anterior portion with two transversal rows of five prominent subconical tubercles, and centrally covered by ordinary tubercles ( +Fig. 14A +). Carapace with a paramedian pair of prominent tubercles, surrounded by ordinary tubercles on lateral and posterior portions ( +Figs 14A, C +). Ocularium elliptical (in dorsal view), inclined frontwards (in lateral view), high ( +c +. 4.5× the eye diameter), perpendicularly placed on the anterior portion of the carapace ( +Figs 13A–B +, +14A–C +). Ocularium with a pair of parallel spines ( +c +. 4× the eye diameter), inclined frontwards ( +Figs 13A–B +, +14A–C +). +AS +lateral borders with two rows of tubercles: one external, composed of six to seven prominent subconical tubercles at areas II–IV; another internal one with ordinary tubercles from the posterior corner of the carapace to the posterior margin ( +Fig. 14A +). Mesotergum divided into four clearly defined areas ( +Figs 13A–B +, +14A, C +). All scutal areas tuberculate ( +Fig 14A, C +). Scutal area I divided into left and right halves by a longitudinal median groove ( +Figs 13A +, +14A +). Scutal area I with two pairs of prominent tubercles ( +c +. 1.5× the ordinary tubercles) ( +Fig. 14A +). Scutal area II with a transversal row of eight prominent tubercles (centrally arched to proximal margin) ( +Fig. 14A +). Scutal area II posterior-lateral border embracing scutal area +III +( +Figs 13A +, +14A +). Scutal area +III +with a pair of paramedian outstanding domed-shaped tubercles ( +c +. 5× the ordinary tubercles), with their surroundings covered with prominent tubercles ( +Figs 13A–B +, +14A, C–D +). Scutal area IV central portion with a transversal row of four prominent subconical tubercles ( +c +. 1.5× the ordinary tubercles) ( +Fig. 14A, C +). DS posterior margin and free tergites I– +III +each with a transversal row of prominent tubercles (larger on the central portion) ( +Fig. 14A +). Anal operculum tuberculate. + + + +Figure 14. + +Conapesquius rectipes +( +Roewer, 1913 +) + +, ♂ (IBSP 6028). A, habitus, dorsal view. B, ocularium, anterior view. C, habitus, lateral view. D, armature of scutal area III, posterior view. E, right femur IV, dorsal view. F, same, prolateral view. G, same, ventral view. H, same, retrolateral view. I, right patella and tibia IV, dorsal view. J, same, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm (B, D), 3 mm (A, C, E–J). + + + + +Figure 15. + +Conapesquius rectipes +( +Roewer, 1913 +) + +, ♂ (MNRJ 0041) +! +, genitalia, distal part. A, dorsal view. B, ventral view. C, lateral view. D, detail of stylus and ventral process, ventral view. Scale bars: 20 μm (D), 50 μm (A), 100 μm (B–C). + + + + +Table 9. +Leg measurements of +Conapesquius rectipes +, ♂ (IBSP 6028) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
TrFePaTiMtTaCl +Total +
Pp0.361.150.520.84−0.600.574.04
Leg I0.481.640.711.291.911.30–7.34
Leg II0.633.451.082.923.603.29–14.99
Leg III0.672.980.941.782.601.53–10.51
Leg IV0.863.631.122.543.972.00–14.13
+ + +Venter: +Cx I– +III +sub-parallel to each other, each with ventral longitudinal rows of 6–11 setiferous tubercles (Cx I rows with higher and sharper tubercles than the others) ( +Fig. 13C +). Cx II with a retroventral distal row of four acuminated tubercles. Cx +III +with a retroventral distal row of 10 acuminated tubercles. Cx IV much larger than the others, directed obliquely ( +Fig. 13C +). Intercoxal bridges are well marked ( +Fig. 13C +). Stigmatic area Y-inverted-shaped, clearly sunken concerning Cx IV’s distal part ( +Fig. 13C +). Cx IV covered by ordinary tubercles. Stigmata are visible ( +Fig. 13C +). Free sternites with a transverse row of ordinary tubercles. + + +Chelicera: +Basichelicerite elongate, bulla well-marked ( +Fig. 13A +), with marginal setiferous tubercles—two anterior mesal, two anterior ectal, and one or two lateral mesal ( +Fig. 14A +); hand not swollen. + + +Pedipalps: +Tr with two geminated ventral setiferous tubercles. Fe with a ventral basal and a mesal distal setiferous tubercle. Pa unarmed. Ti with two rows of spines—four (IiII) ventro-mesal ( +Fig. 13C +) and five (IiIii) ventro-ectal. Ta with two rows of spines—three (Iii) ventro-mesal ( +Fig. 13C +) and four (IiIi) ventro-ectal. + + +Legs: +All the unmentioned podomeres are unarmed or without relevant armature. Cx I–II dorsal proximal face with anterior and posterior basal apophyses (linked with ozopores); simple ones on Cx I, prominent ones on Cx II (posterior apophysis bifurcated, with the anterior bud larger and swollen). Tr I– +III +each with several ventral tubercles. Fe I–II straight ( +Fig. 13C +); Fe +III +sub-straight ( +Fig. 13A, C +). Fe and Ti I– +III +with prodorsal, proventral, retroventral, and retrodorsal rows of small tubercles (Fe +III +proventral and retroventral tubercles larger than others). Fe II– +III +with an outstanding apical retrodorsal spur ( +Fig. 13A, C +). Cx IV reaches the DS posterior margin ( +Figs 13A +, +14A +). Cx IV tuberculate between prodorsal and ventral faces ( +Fig. 14A +). Cx IV with a prodorsal apophysis ‘scythe-shaped’, with a conical main branch (subapically bent to posterior), bearing a small accessory blunt branch on its central posterior third ( +Figs 13B +, +14A +). Cx IV with a short retrolateral apophysis, fused with a small secondary branch ( +Figs 13A, C +, +14A +). Tr IV rectangle-shaped (in dorsal view) ( +Figs 13A, C +, +14A +). Tr IV distal portion with a transversal apophysis (screwdriver tip shaped) on prodorsal face ( +Fig. 14A, E–F +). Tr IV proximal portion with a conical apophysis on prolateral and retrolateral faces (retrolateral largest) ( +Fig. 14A, G–H +). Tr IV with two prominent subconical tubercles (one central and other distal) on prolateral face ( +Fig. 14A, E +). Tr IV tuberculate on ventral face ( +Fig. 14F– H +). Tr IV distal portion with a subconical prominent tubercle on retrodorsal and retrolateral faces ( +Fig. 14A, E, G–H +). Fe IV sub-straight, arched on the central portion towards prodorsal face ( +Figs 13B +, +14E–H +). Fe IV dorsal face with five conical spines (iiIii), with the four proximal most bent retrolaterad ( +Fig. 14E–F, H +). Fe IV prodorsal face with a row of six prominent tubercles ( +Fig. 14E–F +). Fe IV prolateral face with three prominent tubercles on proximal third and two prominent tubercles on distal third ( +Fig. 14E–G +). Fe IV proventral face with seven prominent tubercles and a distal conical spine ( +Fig. 14F–G +). Fe IV ventral face with one prominent tubercle on proximal third ( +Fig. 14G +). Fe IV retroventral with three outstanding tubercles and a distalmost subconical spine (all bent retrolaterad) on proximal half, and two conical spines on distal half ( +Fig. 14G–H +). Fe IV retrolateral face with a row of nine prominent tubercles on the proximal half and three prominent tubercles on the distal half ( +Fig. 14E, G–H +). Fe IV retrodorsal face with ordinary tubercles on proximal half, and four prominent tubercles and one conical spine on distal half ( +Fig. 14E, H +). Fe IV apical portion with a sizeable spur on prodorsal and retrodorsal faces, and two subconical outstanding tubercles on dorsal and retrodorsal faces ( +Fig. 14E– F, H +). Pa IV dorsally covered by prominent subconical tubercles ( +Fig. 14E–F, H–I +). Pa IV proventral and retroventral faces with a row of three spines ( +Fig. 14J +). Ti IV with all faces containing longitudinal rows of spines (proventral, retroventral, retrolateral and retrodorsal larger than others) ( +Fig. 14I–J +). Mt IV with all faces containing longitudinal rows of small spines. Mt IV with proventral and retroventral apical spurs. + + + +Coloration (in vivo) ( +Fig. 12 +): + +DS lateral inner margins and free tergites background +Dark Grayish Olive Green +(128). DS lateral outer margins between the anterior portion and scutal area II and DS posterior margin combines +Strong Yellowish Brown +(74) and +Dark Yellow +(88). Prominent tubercles on +AS +and free tergites + +Deep Yellow + +(85). Carapace, ocularium, and mesotergum backgrounds +Dark Grayish Yellowish Brown +(81), with ocularium’s pair of spines +Dark Yellowish Brown +(78). Carapace posterior tubercles, mesotergum central diamond layer of tubercles, and the DS posterior margin +Dark Yellow +(88). Mesotergum grooves between scutal areas I–IV +Dark Greenish Yellowish Green +(151). Scutal area +III +paramedian outstanding armature +Dark Reddish Orange +(38). Ch and Pp glossier background + +Deep Greenish Yellow + +(100), irregularly covered by +Dark Grayish Olive Green +(128) spots. Cx Pp and I– +III +background +Moderate Olive Brown +(95). Tr–Mt I– +III +background +Moderate Olive +(107). Fe II– +III +retrodorsal apical spur + +Deep Yellow + +(85). Cx–Tr IV and Fe IV basal two-thirds background combines +Blackish Red +(21) and + +Deep Reddish Brown + +(41). Cx IV prodorsal apophysis glossier background +Reddish Black +(24). Cx IV basal two-thirds, Fe IV distal half and Pa IV with tubercles’ apex + +Deep Yellow + +(85). Apex of the Cx IV retrodorsal apophysis and Tr IV retrolateral apophyses with +Strong Brown +(55). Cx IV prodorsal distal tubercles, apex of the Cx IV prodorsal apophysis and of Fe IV spines +Vivid Reddish Orange +(34). Tr IV and Fe IV proximal half with tubercles’ apex, spines and apophyses +Strong Reddish Brown +(40). Fe IV distal third and Pa–Mt IV background +Dark Grayish Olive +(111). Ti I–IV distal portion +Moderate Greenish Yellow +(102). + + + +Coloration (in ethanol) ( +Fig. 13 +): + +DS anterior and posterior margins, scutal area IV, and free tergites +Dark Olive Brown +(96). DS lateral outer margins (between the anterior portion and the scutal area II) and free tergites I– +III +posterior margins +Grayish Yellow +(90). DS lateral inner margins +Dark Grayish Yellowish Brown +(81). Carapace, scutal areas I– +III +, and Cx IV background + +Deep Yellowish Brown + +(75). Grooves between the carapace and scutal areas I–IV +Dark Grayish Yellow +(91). Carapace, mesotergum, free tergites, and Cx IV with tubercles (and their surroundings) +Light Orange Yellow +(70). Scutal area +III +paramedian outstanding armature +Moderate Olive +(107). Ch and Pp background +Light Yellow Green +(119), with honey-combed details +Dark Grayish Olive Green +(128) (leg I with that color pattern inverted). Cx Pp and Cx I– +III +background +Moderate Olive Brown +(95). Fe– Mt II– +III +background +Pale Yellow +(89), with details +Dark Olive +(108). Cx IV distal third and prodorsal apophysis background +Olive Black +(114). Tr–Mt IV background combines +Dark Grayish Yellowish Brown +(81) and +Dark Yellow +(88). Tr–Pa IV with the apex of the tubercles, spines and apophyses +Dark Greenish Yellow +(103). + + +Male genitalia: +VP slightly divided into a distal half forming a trapezium (widest at the apex) with latero-apical flaps and a proximal half elliptical ( +Fig. 15A–B +). VP ventral surface entirely covered with microsetae of +type +1 ( +Fig. 14B–C +). All macrosetae cylindrical, inserted on lateral of VP. MS A1–A3 thick and acuminated, on the basal part of the VP (A2 and A3 placed at the same height) ( +Fig. 15A–C +). MS B1 short, inserted ventrally, and close to A2 ( +Fig. 15B–C +). MS C1–C3 thick and acuminated, forming a longitudinal row on the distal half of VP ( +Fig. 15A–C +). MS D1 short, closer to C3 than A1 ( +Fig. 15A–C +). MS E1–E2 very reduced, located on the laterodistal flange of VP—E1 beside MS C1, E2 between C2–C3 ( +Fig. 15B–C +). Glans sac arising from the middle bulge on the podium, not extended as a dorsal process ( +Fig. 15A, C +). Stylus and its ventral process axis fused basally, forming a pedestal above the glans ( +Fig. 15A, C +). Stylus cylindrical, bent at the distal part (forming a plateau) and armed with a set of ventral subapical spines ( +Fig. 15A, C–D +). Stylus without any expansion or flattening, +in situ +reaching the distal margin of VP ( +Fig. 15A–C +). Ventral process bent dorsad, as long and thinner than the stylus ( +Fig. 15A, C +). Flabellum slightly bent ventrad, hand-shaped (with the main branch provided by short spines) ( +Fig. 15A, C–D +). + + + +Female ( +IBSP +5956) ( +Fig. 13D–F +): + +DS, measurements: CW 2.8, CL 2.0, AW 5.5, AL 3.5; Leg I–IV measurements in +Table 10 +; Right/left tarsal (distitarsal) counts: 5(3)/5(3) - 8(3)/7(3) - 7/7 - 7/7. DS posterior margin concave ( +Fig. 13D–E +). +AS +margins less concave than detected on males ( +Fig. 13D +). Scutal area +III +with a pair of paramedian conical spines ( +c +. 20× the ordinary tubercles) ( +Fig. 13D–E +). Cx IV is narrower than males, with the prodorsal distal apophysis reduced to a single spine and without a retrolateral distal apophysis ( +Fig. 13D, F +). Fe IV straight ( +Fig. 13D, F +). Fe IV dorsal face with four spines ( +Fig. 13D–E +). Fe IV proventral and retrolateral faces with a row of spines ( +Fig. 13F +). Fe IV retrodorsal face with two spines on the distal third. + + + +Table 10. +Leg measurements of +Conapesquius rectipes +, ♀ (IBSP 5956) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
TrFePaTiMtTaCl +Total +
Pp0.641.350.741.01−0.920.765.43
Leg I0.451.900.811.372.221.25–8.01
Leg II0.774.031.063.124.552.42–15.97
Leg III0.823.120.952.073.141.69–11.81
Leg IV1.063.941.342.594.981.72–15.65
+ + +Intraspecific variation: +Some variations among +minor morph males +and +major morph males +were detected: (1) Cx IV prodorsal apophysis less developed and bent backward; and (2) Fe–Ti IV with reduced and thinner armature. No relevant intraspecific variation among the females was detected in the material studied. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/A3/87/03A387C1302387371298FC280DF9FCF9.xml b/data/03/A3/87/03A387C1302387371298FC280DF9FCF9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..18ac5e08df6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/A3/87/03A387C1302387371298FC280DF9FCF9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1054 @@ + + + +Further draining of Discocyrtus to expand Neopachylinae (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae): absorption of taxa and establishment of new genera and species + + + +Author + +Carvalho, Rafael N. +Departamento de Invertebrados, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Quinta da Boa Vista s / n, São Cristóvão, 20.940 - 040, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil & Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia Roberto de Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier 524, Maracanã, 20.550 - 900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil +rafaelcarvalhobio@hotmail.com + + + +Author + +Kury, Adriano B. +Departamento de Invertebrados, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Quinta da Boa Vista s / n, São Cristóvão, 20.940 - 040, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2025 + +zlae 023 + + +2024-03-30 + + +203 + + +1 + + +1 +65 + + + + +https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae023 + +journal article +10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae023 +0024-4082 +14802079 +BB99D24-3973-4413-B127-BDAA83186FA3 + + + + + + +Conapesquius spinifemur +(B. +Soares, 1945 +) + +gen. et comb. nov. + + + + + + +( +Figs 16–20 +) + + + + + + +• + + +Discocyrtus spinifemur +B. +Soares 1945b: 201 + + +, fig. 5. + + + + + +Discocyrtus spinifemur + +—H. + +Soares 1945: 227 + +; + +Soares and Soares 1947a: 141 + +, fig. 3; + +Soares and Soares 1954: 255 + +; + +Kury 2003: 166 + +. + + + + + + +Type +data + + + + +Discocyrtus spinifemur +: + + +♂ +holotype +( +MHNCI 177 +! +, examined), from +BRAZIL +, +Paraná +, +Curitiba +, +Barigui + +. + + +Records + + +BRAZIL +: state of +Paraná +: Curitiba ( +Soares and Soares 1947a +). + + + + +Diagnosis + + + +Conapesquius spinifemur + +can be distinguished from + +C. brevifemur + +, + +C. heteracanthus + +, and + +C. rectipes + +due to (1) Ch bulla with anterior mesal margin unarmed ( +Fig. 17A +); (2) DS gamma +type +( +Figs 16A +, +17A +, +18A +); (3) DS thickest at area +III +(as in + +C. heteracanthus + +) ( +Figs 16E +, +17B +, +18B +); (4) Fe IV with three outstanding spines on the proximal half (as in + +C. heteracanthus + +) ( +Figs 16A +, +17A +, +18F–G, I +); (5) MS A1 on the central part of the VP ( +Fig. 19A–C +); (6) MS B below MS A3 ( +Fig. 19B–C +); (7) Ventral process of the glans convex dorsad ( +Fig. 19C +); (8) Flabellum hand-shaped, provided with three branches with short spines ( +Fig. 19D +). + + + + +Non-type material examined + + + +BRAZIL +: state of +Paraná +: [ + +Campina Grande do Sul + +] + +: + +3 ♂ +12 ♀ +2 juv ( +MHNCI 6538 +), +Represa Capivari +, [-25.177°, -48.997°], + +05.vi.1989 + +. + +Paranaguá + + +: + +1 ♂ +( +MHNCI 6359 +) +PR +, +Ilha do Mel +, [-25.52°, -48.34°], + +x.1988 + +, +Moraes +, +V +. +leg + +.; + +1 ♀ +( +MHNCI 6324 +), +Morro da Baleia +, + +09.iv.1988 + +, +Bedin, S. +& +Moraes +, +V +. +leg +. +State + + +of +Santa Catarina +: + +Florianópolis + + +: + +5 ♂ +( +MNRJ 2458 +) +! +, [-27.61°, -48.49°], +Mata +do morro atrás dos prédios +APAE +, +ÚNICA +e +SESI +, + +15-17.xii.1999 + +, +Giupponi, A. P. L. +& +Pedroso, D. +R +. +leg +. + +Paulo Lopes + + +: + +1 ♂ +1 ♀ +( +MZSP 28477 +), [-27.954°, -48.722°], +Parque Estadual do Tabuleiro +, + +10–20.i.2003 + +, +Equipe Biota +leg +. +Rancho Queimado + +: + +1 ♀ +( +MCN 1292 +), [-27.707°, -49.071°], + +15-18.xi.1995 + +, +Bonaldo, A. B. +leg +. + + +São Francisco +do Sul + +: + +5 ♀ +( +UFMG 10424 +), +Centro de Estudos +e +Pesquisas Ambientais Vila da Glória +, -23.2204°, -48.688°, + +12-15.xii.2011 + +, +Magalhães, I. L. F. +et al. leg + +. + + + + +Distribution (new records with an asterisk) + + +BRAZIL +: state of +Paraná +: Campina Grande do Sul*, Curitiba, Paranaguá*. State of +Santa Catarina +: Florianópolis*; Paulo Lopes*, Rancho Queimado*, +São Francisco +do Sul* ( +Fig. 3 +). + + + + +Redescription + + + +MHNCI +177 + +! + +(male +holotype +) + +and + +MHNCI +6538 (male) + +for the external body illustrations and description ( +Figs 16 +, +17A–C +, +18 +); DS, measurements: CW 2.9, CL 2.0, AW 6.0, AL 3.2; Leg I–IV measurements in +Table 11 +; Right/left tarsal (distitarsal) counts: 6(3)/6(3) - 9(3)/9(3) - 7/7 - 7/7. + +MNRJ +2458 + +! +for genitalic illustrations ( +Fig. 19 +). + + +Dorsum: +DS gamma, as long as wide, with +AS +lateral margins strongly convex, widest at areas II– +III +and thickest at area +III +, with sinuous posterior margin ( +Figs 16A +, +17A–B +, +18A–B +). DS anterior margin divided by a small central projection in the centre and a pair of shallow cheliceral sockets ( +Fig. 18A +). Carapace with a paramedian pair of prominent tubercles, surrounded by ordinary tubercles on lateral and posterior portions ( +Figs 17A–B +, +18A–B +). Ocularium elliptical (in dorsal view), slightly inclined frontwards (in lateral view), high ( +c +. 3× the eye diameter), perpendicularly placed on the proximal portion of the carapace ( +Figs 16A, C, E +, +17A–B +, +18A–C +). Ocularium with a pair of parallel spines ( +c +. 1.5× the eye diameter), slightly inclined frontwards (in lateral view) ( +Figs 16A, C, E +, +17A–B +, +18A–C +). +AS +lateral borders with two rows of tubercles: one external, composed of four–five prominent subconical tubercles at scutal areas II–IV; another internal one with ordinary tubercles from the anterior corner of the carapace to the posterior margin ( +Figs 17A +, +18A +). Mesotergum divided into four clearly defined areas ( +Figs 16A, E +, +17A–B +, +18A–B +). All scutal areas tuberculate ( +Figs 17A–B +, +18A–B +). Scutal area I divided into left and right halves by a longitudinal median groove ( +Figs 16A +, +17A +, +18A +). Scutal area I with three pairs of prominent columnshaped tubercles (the two centralmost +c +. 3× the ordinary tubercles; the lateralmost 2× the ordinary ones) ( +Fig. 18A–B +). Scutal area II with two pairs of prominent tubercles ( +c +. 2× the ordinary tubercles) ( +Fig. 18A–B +). Scutal area II posterior-lateral border embracing the scutal area +III +( +Figs 16A +, +17A +, +18A +). Scutal area +III +with a pair of paramedian outstanding subconical spines ( +c +. 10× the ordinary tubercles), with their posterior surroundings covered with prominent tubercles ( +c +. 2× the ordinary tubercles) ( +Figs 16A, C–E +, +17A–B +, +18A–B, D +). Scutal area IV central portion with a transversal row of six prominent subconical tubercles ( +c +. 2× the ordinary tubercles) ( +Fig. 18A–B +). DS posterior margin and free tergites I– +III +each with a transversal row of prominent tubercles (larger on the central portion) ( +Fig. 18A +). Anal operculum tuberculate ( +Fig. 16B, D +). + + + +Figure 16. + +Conapesquius spinifemur +(B. +Soares, 1945 +) + +, ♂ holotype (MHNCI 177) +! +. A, habitus, dorsal view. B, same, ventral view. C, same, anterior view. D, same, posterior view. E, same, lateral view. Scale bars = 3 mm. + + + +Venter: +Cx I– +III +sub-parallel to each other, each with ventral longitudinal rows of 8–12 setiferous tubercles (Cx I rows with higher and sharper tubercles than the others) ( +Fig. 16B +). Cx II with a retroventral distal row of five acuminate tubercles. Cx +III +with a retroventral distal row of 10 acuminate tubercles. Cx IV much larger than the others, directed obliquely ( +Figs 16B +, +17C +). Intercoxal bridges are well marked ( +Figs 16B +, +17C +). Stigmatic area Y-inverted-shaped, clearly sunken concerning Cx IV’s distal part ( +Figs 16B +, +17C +). Cx IV covered by ordinary tubercles. Stigmata are visible ( +Figs 16B +, +17C +). Free sternites with a transverse row of ordinary tubercles. + + + +Figure 17. + +Conapesquius spinifemur +(B. +Soares, 1945 +) + +, ♂ (MHNCI 6538). A, habitus, dorsal view. B, same, lateral view. C, same, ventral view. ♀ (same voucher). D, habitus, dorsal view. E, same, lateral view. F, same, ventral view. Scale bars = 5 mm. + + + +Chelicera: +Basichelicerite elongate, bulla well-marked ( +Figs 16A, C +, +18A +), with marginal setiferous tubercles—one lateral mesal, three lateral ectal and three anterior-posterior ( +Fig. 18A +); hand not swollen. + + +Pedipalps: +Tr with two geminated ventral setiferous tubercles. Fe with a ventral basal and a mesal distal setiferous tubercle ( +Figs 16B +, +17C +). Pa unarmed ( +Figs 16E +, +17C +). Ti with two rows of spines—four (IiIi) ventro-mesal and five (IiIii) ventro-ectal ( +Fig. 16C +). Ta with two rows of spines—three (IIi) or two (Ii) ventro-mesal and four (IiIi) ventro-ectal ( +Fig. 16C +). + + +Legs: +All the unmentioned podomeres are unarmed or without relevant armature. Cx I–II dorsal proximal face with anterior and posterior basal apophyses (linked with ozopores); simple ones on Cx I, prominent ones on Cx II (posterior apophysis bifurcated, with the anterior bud larger and swollen). Tr I– +III +each with several ventral tubercles ( +Fig. 16B +). Fe I–II straight ( +Figs 16A +, +17A +). Fe +III +sub-straight ( +Figs 16A–B +, +17A +). Fe and Ti I–II with prodorsal, proventral, retroventral, and retrodorsal rows of small tubercles ( +Fig. 16C +). Fe +III +and Ti +III +with prodorsal, proventral, retroventral, and retrodorsal rows of ordinary tubercles (Fe +III +proventral and retroventral tubercles larger than others) ( +Fig. 16B +). Fe II– +III +with an outstanding apical retrodorsal spur ( +Figs 16A +, +17A–C +, +18E +). Cx IV reaches the DS posterior margin ( +Figs 16A +, +17A +, +18A +). Cx IV tuberculate between prodorsal and ventral faces ( +Fig. 18A +). Cx IV with a prodorsal conical apophysis (subapically bent to posterior), bearing a small accessory blunt branch on its central posterior third ( +Figs 16A–E +, +17A–C +, +18A–B +). Cx IV with a short retrolateral apophysis, fused with a small secondary branch ( +Figs 16A–B +, +17A +, +18A +). Tr IV rectangle-shaped (in dorsal view) ( +Figs 16A–B, E +, +17A–C +, +18A +). Tr IV central portion with a prominent tubercle on the dorsal and prolateral faces ( +Fig. 18A, F–G +). Tr IV proximal portion with a conical apophysis on prolateral and retrolateral faces (retrolateral largest) ( +Fig. 18A, F +). Tr IV distal portion with a transversal apophysis (similar to a hook) on prodorsal and retrodorsal faces, and a subconical prominent tubercle on retrolateral face ( +Fig. 18A, F–I +). Tr IV tuberculate on ventral face ( +Fig. 18G–I +). Fe IV sub-straight, arched on the central portion towards retrodorsal face ( +Figs 16B–C, E, F–I +). Fe IV dorsal face with six conical spines (IiIiIi) (the four proximal-most bent retrolaterad) and an apical prominent conical tubercle ( +Fig. 18F–G, I +). Fe IV prodorsal face with seven prominent tubercles ( +Fig. 18F–G +). Fe IV proventral face with 10 prominent tubercles (the three distalmost acuminated) ( +Fig. 18G–H +). Fe IV retroventral face with (1) one basalmost prominent subconical tubercle followed by a subconical spine (bent retrolaterad) on the proximal third, (2) a subconical spine on the medial third, and (3) two conical spines on the distal third ( +Fig. 18H–I +). Fe IV retrolateral face with (1) one prominent subconical tubercle on the proximal third, (2) a subconical spine on the medial third, and (3) two conical spines on the distal third (the basalmost largest) ( +Fig. 18F, H–I +). Fe IV retrodorsal face with a row of ordinary tubercles and a sizeable apical spur ( +Fig. 18F, I +). Pa IV dorsally covered by prominent and acuminated tubercles (retrolateral and retrodorsal larger and shaper than others) ( +Fig. 18F–I +). Pa IV proventral and retroventral faces with rows of four and three spines, respectively ( +Fig. 18F–G, I +). Ti IV with all faces containing longitudinal rows of spines (proventral, retroventral, and retrolateral larger than others) ( +Fig. 18F–I +). Mt IV with all faces containing longitudinal rows of small spines. Mt IV with proventral and retroventral apical spurs. + + + +Figure 18. + +Conapesquius spinifemur +(B. +Soares, 1945 +) + +, ♂ (MHNCI 6538). A, habitus, dorsal view. B, same, lateral view. C, ocularium, anterior view. D, armature of scutal area III, posterior view. E, right femur III, dorsal view. F, right femur–tibia IV, dorsal view. G, same, prolateral view. H, same, ventral view. I, same, retrolateral view. Scale bars: 1 mm (C–E), 3 mm (A–B), 4 mm (F–I). + + + +Coloration (in ethanol) ( +Fig. 16 +): +Carapace and ocularium background +Brilliant Greenish Yellow +(98). Scutal areas I–IV background and free tergites I– +III +background +Light Greenish Yellow +(101). +AS +lateral margins and the outer half of scutal areas I– II +Grayish Greenish Yellow +(105). Pair of paramedian spines on scutal area +III +Moderate Olive +(107). Ch background +Light Greenish Yellow +(101). Pp and legs I– +III +background +Light Yellow Green +(119). Cx IV with (1) proximal third +Moderate Greenish Yellow +(102), (2) central third +Strong Yellowish Brown +(74), and (3) distal third +Dark Grayish Olive +(111). Tr IV background + +Deep Yellow + +(85). Fe IV with the proximal half background +Dark Yellow +(88). Fe IV distal half and Tr–Mt IV background +Light Yellow Green +(119). + + + +Figure 19. + +Conapesquius spinifemur +(B. +Soares, 1945 +) + +, ♂ (MNRJ 2458) +! +, genitalia, distal part. A, dorsal view. B, ventral view. C, lateral view. D, detail of stylus and ventral process, apical view. Scale bars: 20 μm (D), 100 μm (A–C). + + + + +Figure 20. + +Conapesquius spinifemur +(B. +Soares, 1945 +) + +, ♀ (MHNCI 6538). A, ocularium, anterior view. B, habitus, dorsal view. C, right trochanter–tibia IV, dorsal view. D, right trochanter–patella IV, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm (A), 3 mm (B–D). + + + + +Table 11. +Leg measurements of +Conapesquius spinifemur +, ♂ (MHNCI 6538) + + + + +Table 12. +Leg measurements of +Conapesquius spinifemur +, ♀ (MHNCI 6538) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
TrFePaTiMtTaCl +Total +
Pp0.531.040.681.02–0.850.685.00
Leg I0.562.220.831.612.561.63–9.41
Leg II0.754.801.223.204.733.17–17.87
Leg III0.833.391.272.363.581.85–13.28
Leg IV1.534.271.493.295.312.07–17.96
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
TrFePaTiMtTaCl +Total +
Pp0.561.480.661.17−0.950.905.72
Leg I0.581.950.731.582.241.22–8.30
Leg II0.734.071.053.104.362.61–15.92
Leg III0.783.020.972.053.221.80–11.84
Leg IV1.244.001.152.855.022.07–16.33
+ + +Male genitalia: +VP slightly divided into a distal half forming a trapezium (widest at the apex) with latero-apical flaps and a proximal half elliptical ( +Fig. 19A–B +). VP ventral surface entirely covered with microsetae of +type +1 ( +Fig. 19B–C +). All macrosetae cylindrical, inserted on lateral of VP. MS A1–A3 thick and acuminated—A1 on the central portion of the VP, A2 beside A3 on the basal half of VP ( +Fig. 19A–C +). MS B1 short, inserted ventrally, below A3 ( +Fig. 19B–C +). MS C1–C3 thick and acuminated, forming a longitudinal row on the distal half of VP ( +Fig. 19A–C +). MS D1 short, as close to A1 as C3 ( +Fig. 19A, C +). MS E1–E2 very reduced, located on the laterodistal flange of VP—E1 beside C1, E2 beside C3 ( +Fig. 19C +). Glans sac arising from the middle bulge on the podium, not extended as a dorsal process ( +Fig. 19A, C +). Stylus and its ventral process axis fused basally, forming a pedestal above the glans ( +Fig. 19C–D +). Stylus cylindrical, bent at the distal part (forming a plateau) and armed with a set of ventral subapical spines ( +Fig. 19A, C–D +). Stylus without any expansion or flattening, +in situ +reaching the distal margin of VP. Ventral process bent dorsad, as long and thinner than the stylus ( +Fig. 19A, C +). Flabellum slightly bent ventrad, hand-shaped (with three branches provided by short spines) ( +Fig. 19A, C–D +). + + + +Female ( +MHNCI +6538) ( +Figs 17D–F +, +20 +): + +DS, measurements: CW 2.8, CL 2.0, AW 5.2, AL 2.8; Leg I–IV measurements in +Table 12 +; Right/left tarsal (distitarsal) counts: 6(3)/6(3) - 8(3)/9(3) - 7/7 - 7/7. DS gamma-pyriform ( +Figs 17D +, +20B +). Ocularium lower than in males ( +Figs 17D–E +, +20B +). +AS +lateral margins less concave than in males ( +Figs 17D +, +20B +). Scutal area +III +with a pair of paramedian conical spines ( +c +. 20× the ordinary tubercles) ( +Figs 17D–E +, +20B +). DS posterior margin and free tergites I– +III +with a transversal row of outstanding tubercles ( +Figs 17D–E +, +20B +). Cx IV narrower than males, with the prodorsal distal apophysis reduced to a single spine and without a retrolateral distal apophysis ( +Figs 17D, F +, +20B +). Tr IV unarmed on prolateral proximal and retrodorsal distal halves ( +Figs 17D +, +20B–D +). Tr IV prodorsal distal face with two prominent subconical tubercles on the distal third ( +Fig. 20B–C +). Tr IV retrolateral distal apophysis forming a 90° angle in relation to the Tr IV longitudinal axis ( +Fig. 20B–D +). Fe IV straight ( +Fig. 20C–D +). Fe IV with four–five spines on the dorsal face ( +Fig. 20C +). Fe IV with a row of spines (iiIiI) on the retrolateral face ( +Fig. 20C–D +). Fe IV with a sizeable spur on the prodorsal apical face ( +Fig. 20C +). Ti IV (in dorsal view) with tubercles not clearly organized in longitudinal rows ( +Fig. 20B +). + + +Intraspecific variation: +Some variations between +minor morph males +and +major morph males +were detected: (1) Cx IV prodorsal apophysis less developed and bent to posterior; and (2) Fe-Ti IV thinner, with a smaller and thinner armature. No evident intraspecific variation among the +major morph males +and among females were detected in the material studied. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/A3/87/03A387C130288735110BF93E0D68F923.xml b/data/03/A3/87/03A387C130288735110BF93E0D68F923.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..aa04c27849c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/A3/87/03A387C130288735110BF93E0D68F923.xml @@ -0,0 +1,430 @@ + + + +Further draining of Discocyrtus to expand Neopachylinae (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae): absorption of taxa and establishment of new genera and species + + + +Author + +Carvalho, Rafael N. +Departamento de Invertebrados, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Quinta da Boa Vista s / n, São Cristóvão, 20.940 - 040, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil & Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia Roberto de Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier 524, Maracanã, 20.550 - 900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil +rafaelcarvalhobio@hotmail.com + + + +Author + +Kury, Adriano B. +Departamento de Invertebrados, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Quinta da Boa Vista s / n, São Cristóvão, 20.940 - 040, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2025 + +zlae 023 + + +2024-03-30 + + +203 + + +1 + + +1 +65 + + + + +https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae023 + +journal article +10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae023 +0024-4082 +14802079 +BB99D24-3973-4413-B127-BDAA83186FA3 + + + + + + +Iamarinus fenax +(Kury, Pinto-da-Rocha & Carvalho +in +Kury, Pinto-da-Rocha, Gruber & Carvalho, 2018 +) + +gen. et comb. nov. + + + + + + +( +Figs 22–23 +) + + + + + + +• + +Discocyrtus fenax +Kury + +, Pinto-da-Rocha & Carvalho +in + +Kury, Pinto-da-Rocha, Gruber & Carvalho 2018: 367 + +. + + + + + + +Type +data + + + + +Discocyrtus fenax +: + + +♂ +holotype +( +MZSP 18158 +, examined) from +BRAZIL +, state of +Santa Catarina +, close to road +BR470 +, near +Itajaí + +; + +♂ +paratype +( +SMF +RI 812 +) from +BRAZIL +, state of +Santa Catarina +, +Joinville + +. + + +Records + +Without further literature records. + + + +Diagnosis + + + +Iamarinus fenax + +can be distinguished from + +I. pontesi + +due to: (1) Scutal area I with two pairs of paramedian conspicuous tubercles ( + +Kury +et al. +2018b + +: fig. 10A); (2) Cx IV prodorsal distal apophysis with distal portion forming a 90° angle in relation to the longitudinal axis ( + +Kury +et al. +2018b + +: fig. 10A); (3) Cx IV prodorsal distal apophysis elongated, bent centrad and distally sinuous ( + +Kury +et al. +2018b + +: fig. 10A); (4) Cx IV prodorsal distal apophysis without a secondary branch ( + +Kury +et al. +2018b + +: fig. 10D); (5) Fe IV sub-straight ( + +Kury +et al. +2018b + +: fig. 10E); (6) Ti IV with an apical regular spine on retroventral face ( + +Kury +et al. +2018b + +: fig. 10H). + + + + +Non-type material examined + + + +BRAZIL +: state of +Santa Catarina +: + +Blumenau + + +: + +5 ♂ +( +MZSP 36268 +), + +iii.1987 + +, +Gofferjé, C.N. +leg. + +; + +1 ♂ +3 ♀ +( +MHNCI 6305 +) + +, + +2 ♂ +4 ♀ +( +MZSP 36294 +), + +i.1988 + +, +Gofferjé, C.N. +leg. + +; + +2 ♂ +1 ♀ +( +MHNCI 6348 +), +Centro +, + +iii.1987 + +, +Gofferjé, C. N. +leg. Penha + +: + +1 ♂ +3 ♀ +( +MHNCI 6822 +), +Armação +, + +i.1989 + +, +Gofferjé, C. N. +leg. + +; + +8 ♂ +14 ♀ +2 juv ( +MZSP 36288 +), idem, + +xii.1969 + +, +Gofferjé, C.N. +leg. + + + + + +Distribution (new records with an asterisk) + + +BRAZIL +: state of +Santa Catarina +: Blumenau*, Itajaí, Joinville, Penha* ( +Fig. 21 +). + + + + +Male’s redescription + + +See the original description in + +Kury +et al. +(2018b) + +. + + +Female description + + + +( +MHNCI +6305) + +( +Figs 22–23 +). DS, measurements: CW 2.9, CL 2.2, AW 5.3, AL 3.3; Leg I–IV measurements in +Table 13 +; Right/left tarsal (distitarsal) counts: 6(3)/6(3) - 9(3)/9(3) - 7/7 - 7/7. DS lambda ( +Figs 22A +, +23C +). Ocularium elliptical (in dorsal view), high ( +c +. 2.5× the eye diameter), perpendicularly placed on the central portion of the carapace ( +Figs 22A, D +, +23B–C +). Ocularium with a pair of divergent spines ( +c +. 3× the eye diameter) ( +Figs 22A, D +, +23B–C +). +AS +lateral margins with one spiniform apophysis at scutal areas II– +III +( +Figs 22A–B +, +23C +). Scutal area +III +with a paramedian pair of subconical spines ( +Figs 22A–B, D +, +23C +). Scutal area IV with ordinary tubercles ( +Figs 22A–B +, +23A–C +). Cx IV narrower than males, with the prodorsal distal apophysis reduced to a single spine and a reduced retroventral distal apophysis ( +Figs 22A, C–D +, +23C +). Tr IV prodorsal distal half and prolateral entire length portions with prominent tubercles ( +Figs 22A, C +, +23D +). Tr IV with a proximal and a distal conical apophysis (distalmost largest) on retrolateral face, with a reduced conical apophysis on the central portion ( +Figs 22C +, +23D–E +). Fe IV straight and thinner than the males ( +Figs 22A, C–D +, +23D–E +). Fe IV dorsal face with four spines (one on proximal third, two on central third and one on distal third) ( +Figs 22A, D +, +23D +). Fe IV prolateral face with a row of acuminated tubercles ( +Fig. 23D–E +). Fe IV proventral and retroventral faces with a row of acuminated tubercles on the proximal half and three–four conical spines on distal half ( +Fig. 23E +). Fe IV retrolateral face with a row of conical spines (iiiI on the proximal half, Iii on the distal half) ( +Fig. 23D–E +). + + + +Figure 21. +South Brazil, showing distribution of + +Iamarinus +species. + +Shaded areas in the background are Morrone’s regionalization of the Neotropics (‘provinces’; + +Morrone +et al. +2022 + +): Araucaria Forest province (in light green) and Atlantic province (in dark green). + + + + +Figure 22. + +Iamarinus fenax + +, ♀ (MHNCI 6305). A, habitus, dorsal view. B, detail of the mesotergum and free tergites I–III, dorsal view. C, habitus, ventral view. D, same, lateral view. Scale bars = 5 mm. + + + +Intraspecific variation: +Some variations among +minor morph males +and +major morph males +were detected: (1) DS narrower; (2) Cx IV prolateral and retrolateral apophyses reduced; and (3) Fe IV thinner, with reduced proximal spines. Variation among +major morph males +: the Fe IV torsion, which can be more or less prominent. No relevant intraspecific variation among females was detected in the material studied. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/A3/87/03A387C1302887371640FCAA0CCDF96E.xml b/data/03/A3/87/03A387C1302887371640FCAA0CCDF96E.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..aa70c29fd81 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/A3/87/03A387C1302887371640FCAA0CCDF96E.xml @@ -0,0 +1,140 @@ + + + +Further draining of Discocyrtus to expand Neopachylinae (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae): absorption of taxa and establishment of new genera and species + + + +Author + +Carvalho, Rafael N. +Departamento de Invertebrados, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Quinta da Boa Vista s / n, São Cristóvão, 20.940 - 040, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil & Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia Roberto de Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier 524, Maracanã, 20.550 - 900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil +rafaelcarvalhobio@hotmail.com + + + +Author + +Kury, Adriano B. +Departamento de Invertebrados, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Quinta da Boa Vista s / n, São Cristóvão, 20.940 - 040, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2025 + +zlae 023 + + +2024-03-30 + + +203 + + +1 + + +1 +65 + + + + +https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae023 + +journal article +10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae023 +0024-4082 +14802079 +BB99D24-3973-4413-B127-BDAA83186FA3 + + + + + + + +Iamarinus + +gen. nov. + + + + + + +ZooBank LSID: + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +7E36E340-D653- 461C-9417-7410178B4A04 + +. + + + + + +Type +species: +Iamarinus pontesi + +gen. et sp. nov. + + + + + +Etymology: +Iamarinus + +is named in honor of biologist Atila Iamarino, who actively engaged in science communication, delivering significant contributions through his work, which have been immensely valuable to the Brazilian population in recent years. Gender masculine. + + + + + +Diagnosis: +Iamarinus + +can be distinguished from the other genera of Neopachylinae due to (1) DS posterior margin full extension with a transversal row of conspicuous tubercles (Figs 117, 126); (2) Tr IV long, with twice or more the Tr +III +longitudinal size (Figs 116, 120–122, 126, 131–134); (3) Fe IV retrolateral face with spines interpolated (by unarmed spaces) on the proximal third (Figs 131, 133–134); (4) Fe IV retrolateral face with a pair of outstanding spines (distalmost largest) on the central third (Figs 115–116, 131, 133–134); (5) VP basal half 1/3 wider than the distal half (Figs 136, 138); (6) Females’ Fe IV dorsal face with two prominent spines on the distal third (Figs 113, 141). + + + + + +Included species: +Iamarinus fenax + +(Kury, Pinto-da-Rocha & Carvalho +in +Kury, Pinto-da-Rocha, Gruber & Carvalho, 2018 +) and + +Iamarinus pontesi + +( +type +species). + + + + +Distribution: +BRAZIL +: states of +Paraná +and +Santa Catarina +( +Fig.21 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/A3/87/03A387C1302A872F1198F9710C45FA32.xml b/data/03/A3/87/03A387C1302A872F1198F9710C45FA32.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..8e5233729cb --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/A3/87/03A387C1302A872F1198F9710C45FA32.xml @@ -0,0 +1,870 @@ + + + +Further draining of Discocyrtus to expand Neopachylinae (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae): absorption of taxa and establishment of new genera and species + + + +Author + +Carvalho, Rafael N. +Departamento de Invertebrados, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Quinta da Boa Vista s / n, São Cristóvão, 20.940 - 040, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil & Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia Roberto de Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier 524, Maracanã, 20.550 - 900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil +rafaelcarvalhobio@hotmail.com + + + +Author + +Kury, Adriano B. +Departamento de Invertebrados, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Quinta da Boa Vista s / n, São Cristóvão, 20.940 - 040, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2025 + +zlae 023 + + +2024-03-30 + + +203 + + +1 + + +1 +65 + + + + +https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae023 + +journal article +10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae023 +0024-4082 +14802079 +BB99D24-3973-4413-B127-BDAA83186FA3 + + + + + + +Iamarinus pontesi + +gen. et sp. nov. + + + + + + +( +Figs 24–28 +) + + +ZooBank +LSID +: + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +5C224A36-7322- 43D9-B45A-C354D9DC2DDF + +. + + + + + +Etymology + + + +Iamarinus pontesi + +is designated in acknowledgment of the substantialcontributionsbyconservationistJoãoPontestothepreservation and conservation of biodiversity in the Reserva Natural Guaricica, situated in +Antonina +, +Paraná +, +Brazil +.Gender masculine. + + + + +Figure 23. + +Iamarinus fenax + +, ♀ (MHNCI 6305). A, armature of scutal area III, posterior view. B, ocularium, frontal view. C, habitus, dorsal view. D, Right trochanter and femur IV, dorsal view. E, same, ventral view. Scale bars: 1 mm (A–B), 3 mm (C–E). + + + + +Table 13. +Leg measurements of +Iamarinus fenax +, ♀ (MHNCI 6305) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
TrFePaTiMtTaCl +Total +
Pp0.481.440.661.18−0.960.935.66
Leg I0.642.250.801.662.571.46–9.39
Leg II0.684.111.213.004.482.69−16.18
Leg III0.783.281.132.273.551.64−12.66
Leg IV0.984.571.212.984.531.80−16.07
+ + + + +Type +data + + + + +Iamarinus pontesi +: + + +♂ +holotype +( +MNRJ 2789 +) + +, +3 ♂ +paratypes + +3 ♀ +paratypes +1 juv ( +MNRJ 60562 +), from +BRAZIL +, state of +Paraná +, +Antonina +,ReservaBiológicaBomJesus,-25.296 235°,-48.613 820°, + +178 m + +, + +09.xi.2019 + +, +Ázara, L.N. +, + +Carvalho, +R.N. + +& +Kury, A.B. +leg. + +; +3 ♂ +paratypes + +♀ +paratype +( +MNRJ 378 +), from +BRAZIL +, state of +Paraná +, + +Antonina +, +Reserva Natural Guaricica + +, +Trilha dos Fornos +, -25,30 252°, -48,66 005°, + +125 m + +, + +16.xi.2021 + +, + +Carvalho, +R. N. + +et al. leg + +. +; +♂ +paratype + +♀ +paratype +( +MNRJ 60561 +), from +BRAZIL +, state of +Paraná +, + +Antonina +, +Reserva Natural Guaricica + +, +Trilha da Rede +, -25.302 599°, -48.672 713°, + +112 m + +, + +07.xi.2019 + +, +Ázara, L.N. +, + +Carvalho, +R.N. + +& +Kury, A.B. +leg. + +; + +♂ +paratype +( +MHNCI 6429 +), from +BRAZIL +, state of +Paraná +, +Guaraqueçaba +, +Casa da SEMMA +, + +04.iii.1988 + +, +Bornschein +& +Motta +leg. + +; + +2 ♂ +2 ♀ +( +MHNCI 6835 +), from +BRAZIL +, state of +Paraná +, + +Piraquara +, +Banhado + +, + +13.i.1991 + +, +Pinto-da-Rocha, R. +& +Bérnils, R. S. +leg + +. + + + + +Diagnosis + + + +Iamarinus pontesi + +can be distinguished from + +I. fenax + +due to: (1) Scutal area I with three pairs of paramedian conspicuous tubercles ( +Figs 25A +, +26A +); (2) Cx IV prodorsal distal apophysis with distal portion forming an acute angle in relation to the longitudinal axis ( +Figs 25A +, +26A +); (3) Cx IV prodorsal distal apophysis short, slightly bent distad ( +Fig. 25A–B, D +); (4) Cx IV prodorsal apophysis with a second branch on central third ( +Figs 25A–C +, +26A, D +); (5) Fe IV sinuous ( +Figs 25B +, +26F, H +); (6) Ti IV with an apical bifurcated spine on retroventral face ( +Fig. 26F, I +). + + + + +Distribution + + +BRAZIL +: state of +Paraná +: +Antonina, Guaraqueçaba, Piraquara +( +Fig. 21 +). + + + + +Redescription + + + +MNRJ +2789 (male) + +for the external body illustrations and description; DS, measurements: CW 3.3, CL 2.4, AW 6.0, AL 3.1; Leg I–IV measurements inTable 14; Right/left tarsal (distitarsal) counts: 6(3)/6(3) - 10(3)/10(3) - 7/7 - 7/7. + +MNRJ +60562 (male) + +for genitalic illustrations. + + +Dorsum: +DS gamma-pyriform, as long as wide, with +AS +lateral margins strongly convex, widest and thickest at scutal area +III +, with sinuous posterior margin ( +Figs 24A–B +, +25A–B +, +26A, D +). DS anterior margin divided by a small central projection in the center and a pair of shallow cheliceral sockets ( +Figs 25A +, +26A +). Carapace posterior portion with a paramedian pair of prominent tubercles, surrounded by ordinary tubercles on lateral and posterior portions ( +Figs 25A +, +26A, D +). Ocularium elliptical (in dorsal view), high ( +c +. 4× the eye diameter), perpendicularly placed in the middle of the carapace ( +Figs 24A–B +, +25A–B +, +26A–B, D +). Ocularium with a pair of almost parallel spines ( +c +. 3× the eye diameter) ( +Figs 24A–B +, +25A–B +, +26A–B, D +). +AS +lateral margins with two rows of tubercles: one external, composed of four–five prominent subconical tubercles at areas II–IV; another internal one with ordinary tubercles from the posterior corner of the carapace to the posterior margin ( +Figs 25A +, +26A +). Mesotergum is divided into four clearly defined areas ( +Figs 24A +, +25A +, +26A +). All scutal areas tuberculate ( +Figs 25A +, +26A, D +). Scutal area I divided into left and right halves by a longitudinal median groove ( +Figs 24A +, +25A +, +26A +). Scutal areas I–II with three pairs of conspicuous tubercles ( +c +. 2× the ordinary tubercles) ( +Figs 25A +, +26A, D +). Scutal area II posterior-lateral margin embracing the scutal area +III +( +Figs 24A +, +25A +, +26A +). Scutal area +III +with a pair of paramedian outstanding subconical spines ( +c +. 14× the ordinary tubercles) ( +Figs 24A–C +, +25A +, +26A, C–D +). Scutal area IV central portion with a transversal row of five–six prominent tubercles ( +c +. 2× the ordinary tubercles) ( +Figs 24C +, +25A +, +26A, D +). DS posterior margin and free tergites I– +III +each with a transversal row of tubercles, growing in size towards the central portion ( +Figs 24C +, +26A +). Anal operculum tuberculate. + + + +Figure 24. +Habitus +in vivo +of + +Iamarinus pontesi + +, from Brazil, Paraná, +Antonina +. ♂ (A–C) and ♀ (D–F). Photographs of Miguel Medrano (A–C) and Adriano Kury (D–E). + + + +Venter: +Cx I– +III +sub-parallel to each other, each with ventral longitudinal rows of 8–13 setiferous tubercles (Cx I rows with higher and sharper tubercles than the others). Cx II with a retroventral distal row of six acuminated tubercles. Cx +III +with a retroventral distal row of 10 acuminated tubercles. Cx IV much larger than the others, directed obliquely ( +Fig. 25C +). Intercoxal bridges are well marked ( +Fig. 25C +). Stigmatic area Y-inverted-shaped, clearly sunken concerning Cx IV’s distal part ( +Fig. 25C +). Cx IV covered by ordinary tubercles ( +Fig. 25C +). Stigmata are visible ( +Fig. 25C +). Free sternites with a transverse row of ordinary tubercles. + + + +Figure 25. + +Iamarinus pontesi + +, ♂ holotype (MNRJ 2789). A, habitus, dorsal view. B, same, lateral view. C, same, ventral view. ♀ paratype (MNRJ 60562). D, habitus, dorsal view. E, same, lateral view. F, same, ventral view. Scale bars = 5 mm. + + + +Chelicera: +Basichelicerite elongate, bulla well marked ( +Fig. 26A +), with marginal setiferous tubercles—two or three lateral ectal, one or two posteriors, two lateral mesal ( +Fig. 26A +); hand not swollen. + + +Pedipalps: +Tr with two geminated ventral setiferous tubercles ( +Fig. 25C +). Fe with a ventral basal and a mesal distal setiferous tubercle ( +Fig. 25C +). Pa unarmed ( +Fig. 25C +). Ti with two rows of four (IiIi) spines on ventro-mesal and ventro-ectal faces. Ta with two rows of spines—three (IIi) ventro-mesal and four (IiIi) ventro-ectal. + + +Legs: +All the unmentioned podomeres are unarmed or without relevant armature. Cx I–II dorsal proximal face with anterior and posterior basal apophyses (linked with ozopores); simple ones on Cx I, prominent ones on Cx II (posterior apophysis bifurcated, with the anterior bud larger and swollen). Tr I– +III +each with several ventral tubercles. Fe I–II straight ( +Fig. 25A +). Fe +III +sub-straight ( +Fig.25A +). Fe and Ti I–II with prodorsal, proventral, retroventral, and retrodorsal rows of small tubercles. Fe +III +and Ti +III +with prodorsal, proventral, retroventral, and retrodorsal rows of tubercles (Fe +III +proventral and retroventral tubercles larger and sharper than others). Fe +III +with an apical retrodorsal spur ( +Fig. 25A +). Cx IV reaches scutal area IV ( +Figs 25A +, +26A +). Cx IV tuberculate between prodorsal and ventral faces ( +Figs 25A–C +, +26A +). Cx IV with a prodorsal subconical apophysis, slightly bent to posterior, bearing a small accessory blunt branch on its central posterior third ( +Figs 25A–C +, +26A, D–E +). Cx IV with a short retrolateral apophysis, fused with a small secondary branch ( +Figs 24C +, +25A, C +, +26A, F, H +). Tr IV rectangle-shaped (in dorsal view) ( +Figs 24A–C +, +25A–C +, +26A, F–H +). Tr IV proximal portion with a conical apophysis on prolateral and retrolateral faces ( +Figs 24A–C +, +26A, F–H +). Tr IV distal portion with a screwdriver tip-shaped transversal apophysis, dorsally covered with four tubercles, on prodorsal face ( +Figs 25A +, +26A, F–G, I +). Tr IV with two proximal and one distal subconical prominent tubercles on prolateral face ( +Fig. 26F +). Tr IV tuberculate on ventral face ( +Figs 24C +, +26G–I +). Tr IV distal portion with a subconical apophysis on retrolateral face ( +Figs 26F, G–I +). Fe IV sinuous, arched (1) on the proximal portion towards the prodorsal face and (2) on the distal portion towards the retroventral face ( +Figs 24A–C +, +26F–I +). Fe IV dorsal face with four spines on the proximal half and two spines on the distal third ( +Figs 26F–G, I +). Fe IV prodorsal face with a row of ordinary tubercles intercalated by two subconical spines on the central third ( +Fig. 26F–G +). Fe IV prolateral face with a row of tubercles divided in (1) ordinary tubercles on the proximal third, (2) prominent tubercles on the central third ( +c +. 2.5×–3× the ordinary ones), and (3) outstanding tubercles on the distal third ( +c +. 3.5×–4× the ordinary ones) ( +Fig. 26F–H +). Fe IV proventral face with (1) a row of ordinary tubercles on proximal and central thirds and (2) outstanding subconical tubercles interpolated by ordinary ones and a distalmost spine on the distal third ( +Fig. 26G–H +). Fe IV ventral face with a prominent tubercle on the proximal fifth ( +Fig. 26H +). Fe IV retroventral face with subconical outstanding tubercles on proximal and distal thirds and prominent tubercles on the central third ( +Fig. 26H–I +). Fe IV retrolateral face with six spines (the two distalmost larger than the Fe IV diameter) on proximal third and with a pair of outstanding spines (distalmost largest) on the central third ( +Fig. 26F, H–I +). Fe IV retrodorsal face with two outstanding subconical tubercles and three prominent tubercles on the proximal third and three conical spines on the distal third ( +Fig. 26F, I +). Pa IV dorsal face tuberculate ( +Fig. 26F–G, I +). Pa IV proventral and retroventral faces with rows of four and three spines, respectively ( +Fig. 26G–I +). Ti IV with all faces (except ventral face) containing longitudinal rows of acuminated tubercles ( +Fig. 26F–I +). Ti IV retrolateral face with three-four prominent subconical tubercles on proximal half ( +Fig. 26F, H–I +). Ti IV proventral and retroventral faces with spines on the distal half (the retroventral distalmost spine is bifurcated) ( +Fig. 26F–I +). Mt IV with all faces containing longitudinal rows of small subconical tubercles ( +Fig. 26J +). Mt IV with proventral and retroventral apical spurs ( +Fig. 26J +). + + + +Figure 26. + +Iamarinus pontesi + +, ♂ holotype (MNRJ 2789). A, habitus, dorsal view. B, ocularium, frontal view. C, armature of scutal area III, posterior view. D, habitus, lateral view. E, detail of the right coxa IV prodorsal apophysis, dorsal view. F, right trochanter–tibia IV, dorsal view. G, same, prolateral view. H, same, ventral view. I, same, retrolateral view. J, right metatarsus and tarsus IV, retrolateral view. Scale bars: 1 mm (B–C, E), 5 mm (A, D, F–J). + + + + +Figure 27. + +Iamarinus pontesi + +, ♂ paratype (MNRJ 60562), genitalia, distal part. A, dorsal view.B, lateral view. C, ventral view. Scale bars = 100 μm. + + + + +Figure 28. + +Iamarinus pontesi + +, ♀ paratype (MNRJ 60562). A, ocularium, frontal view. B, habitus, dorsal view. C, right trochanter and femur IV, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm (A), 3 mm (B–C). + + + + +Coloration (in vivo) ( +Fig. 24 +): + +DS and Cx–Tr IV background +Blackish Green +(152). Ocularium spines, scutal areas II– +III +and Cx IV prodorsal distal apophysis +Brownish Black +(65). Carapace and scutal areas I–IV with tubercles +Brownish Orange +(54). +AS +lateral margins with prominent tubercles + +Deep Brown + +(56). DS posterior margin and free tergites I– +III +with tubercles +Dark Orange Yellow +(72). Ch and Pp glossier background +Moderate Yellow Green +(120), with honeycombed +Dark Grayish Olive Green +(128) reticle. Tr I– +III +background +Strong Yellowish Brown +(74), with a dorsal distal semicircle +Light Yellow +(86). Fe–Pa I– +III +and Ti I– +III +proximal half background +Dark Grayish Brown +(62). Ti I–IV distal half background +Dark Greenish Yellow +(103). Fe–Pa IV and Ti IV proximal half background +Reddish Black +(24). Tr IV with apophyses and prominent tubercles +Moderate Red +(15). Fe IV with spines and prominent tubercles + +Deep Orange + +(51). Pa–Ti IV with spines and tubercles + +Deep Orange Yellow + +(69). + + +Male genitalia: +VP slightly divided into a distal half forming a trapezium (widest at the apex) with latero-apical flaps and a proximal half elliptical (1.5× wider than distal part) ( +Fig. 27A, C +). VP ventral surface entirely covered with microsetae of +type +1. All macrosetae cylindrical, inserted on lateral of VP. MS A1–A3 thick and acuminated, on the basal half of the VP ( +Fig. 27A–C +). MS B1 short, inserted ventrally, close to A3 ( +Fig. 27C +). MS C1–C3 thick and acuminated, forming a longitudinal row on the distal half of VP ( +Fig. 27A–C +). MS D1 short, closer to C3 than A1 ( +Fig. 27A–C +). MS E1–E2 very reduced, located on the laterodistal flange of VP—E1 between C1–C2, E2 between C2–C3 ( +Fig. 27B–C +). Glans sac arising from the middle bulge on the podium, not extended as a dorsal process ( +Fig. 27A–B +). Stylus and its ventral process axis fused basally, forming a pedestal above the glans ( +Fig. 27B +). Stylus cylindrical, bent at the distal part (forming a plateau) and armed with a set of ventral subapical spines ( +Fig. 27A–B +). Stylus without any expansion or flattening, +in situ +reaching the distal margin of VP ( +Fig. 27A–C +). Ventral process sinuous, as long and thinner than the stylus ( +Fig. 27A–B +). Flabellum slightly bent ventrad, hand-shaped, with a comb of straight and acuminated spines on lateral faces ( +Fig. 27B +). + + + +Female ( +MNRJ +60562) ( +Figs 24D–E +, +25D–F +, +28A–C +): + +DS, measurements: CW 3.0, CL 2.3, AW 5.3, AL 3.4; Leg I–IV measurements in +Table 15 +; Right/left tarsal (distitarsal) counts: 6(3)/6(3) - 10(3)/10(3) - 7/7 - 7/7. Ocularium longitudinally reduced than males ( +Figs 25D–E +, +28A +). Scutal area +III +with a paramedian pair of conical spines (larger than males) ( +Figs 25D–E +, +28B +). Scutal area IV covered with ordinary tubercles ( +Figs 25D–E +, +28B +). Cx IV is narrower than males, with the prodorsal distal apophysis reduced to a single spine and a reduced retroventral distal apophysis ( +Figs 25D–F +, +28B +). Tr IV unarmed on prodorsal and prolateral faces ( +Fig. 28B–C +). Tr IV retrolateral face with a conical apophysis on proximal and distal thirds (distal largest), and a prominent subconical tubercle on central third ( +Fig. 28C +). Fe IV straight and thinner than males ( +Fig. 28C +). Fe IV dorsal face with two spines on proximal and distal halves ( +Fig. 28C +). Fe IV retrolateral face with (1) a prominent tubercle on proximal third; (2) an outstanding spine (largest than Fe IV diameter) on central third; and (3) two prominent tubercles (distalmost largest) on distal third ( +Fig. 28C +). + + +Intraspecific variation: +Some variations among the +major morph males +were detected: (1) Cx IV prodorsal distal apophysis length, with the main branch larger or reduced in comparison to +holotype +; (2) Fe IV dorsal row of spines with reduced spines; and (3) Fe IV slightly thinner and more extensive than the +holotype +. Among the +minor morph males +( +Fig. 11A +) (compared to +major morph +): (1) DS narrower than males; (2) Cx IV distal apophysis reduced on prolateral and retrolateral faces; and (3) Fe and Ti IV thinner, with reduced spines. No relevant intraspecific variation among females was detected in the material studied. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/A3/87/03A387C13030872E118BFA620869FEE5.xml b/data/03/A3/87/03A387C13030872E118BFA620869FEE5.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..1c8f1a7a1f6 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/A3/87/03A387C13030872E118BFA620869FEE5.xml @@ -0,0 +1,250 @@ + + + +Further draining of Discocyrtus to expand Neopachylinae (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae): absorption of taxa and establishment of new genera and species + + + +Author + +Carvalho, Rafael N. +Departamento de Invertebrados, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Quinta da Boa Vista s / n, São Cristóvão, 20.940 - 040, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil & Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia Roberto de Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier 524, Maracanã, 20.550 - 900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil +rafaelcarvalhobio@hotmail.com + + + +Author + +Kury, Adriano B. +Departamento de Invertebrados, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Quinta da Boa Vista s / n, São Cristóvão, 20.940 - 040, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2025 + +zlae 023 + + +2024-03-30 + + +203 + + +1 + + +1 +65 + + + + +https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae023 + +journal article +10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae023 +0024-4082 +14802079 +BB99D24-3973-4413-B127-BDAA83186FA3 + + + + + + +Oliverius +Soares & Soares, 1945 + + + + + + + +• + + +Oliverius +Soares and Soares 1945: 263 + + +. + + + + + +Oliverius +— + + +Soares and Soares 1954: 280 + +; + +Kury 2003: 180 + +. + + + + + + +Type +species: + + +Oliverius jordanensis +Soares & Soares, 1945 + +, by original designation. + + + + +Table 15. +Leg measurements of +Iamarinus pontesi +, ♀ (MNRJ 60562) + + + + +Etymology: +As communicated by +Soares and Soares (1945) +, the name was dedicated to the ornithologist Dr Olivério Mário de Oliveira Pinto. + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
TrFePaTiMtTaCl +Total +
Pp0.651.790.791.36−1.081.006.67
Leg I0.652.221.021.862.891.52–10.16
Leg II0.814.521.433.765.283.42−19.22
Leg III0.853.501.462.413.822.03−14.08
Leg IV1.164.781.363.285.752.40−19.00
+ + + + +Diagnosis: +Oliverius + +can be distinguished from the other genera of Neopachylinae due to (1) DS outline of the males gamma-pyriform ‘ + +Gonyleptes + +-like’ +sensu +Kury and Medrano (2016) +( +Fig. 32B +); (2) Scutal area IV divided into left and right halves by a longitudinal median groove ( +Figs 31A +, +32B +); (3) Free tergites I– +III +with two or three pairs of paramedian conspicuous tubercles ( +Figs 31A +, +32B +); (4) Females’ free tergites I– +III +with a row of outstanding subconical tubercles ( +Figs 30F +, +31D–E +, +32I +); (5) Pedestal on the glans square-shaped ( +Fig. 33B, D +); 6) Ventral process of the glans as wide as the stylus ( +Fig. 33B, D +). + + +Distribution: +BRAZIL +: states of +Minas Gerais +, +Rio de Janeiro +, and +São Paulo +( +Fig. 29 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/A3/87/03A387C1303187291285FEB60C9AFBF9.xml b/data/03/A3/87/03A387C1303187291285FEB60C9AFBF9.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2a733468b26 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/A3/87/03A387C1303187291285FEB60C9AFBF9.xml @@ -0,0 +1,1246 @@ + + + +Further draining of Discocyrtus to expand Neopachylinae (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae): absorption of taxa and establishment of new genera and species + + + +Author + +Carvalho, Rafael N. +Departamento de Invertebrados, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Quinta da Boa Vista s / n, São Cristóvão, 20.940 - 040, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil & Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia Roberto de Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier 524, Maracanã, 20.550 - 900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil +rafaelcarvalhobio@hotmail.com + + + +Author + +Kury, Adriano B. +Departamento de Invertebrados, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Quinta da Boa Vista s / n, São Cristóvão, 20.940 - 040, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2025 + +zlae 023 + + +2024-03-30 + + +203 + + +1 + + +1 +65 + + + + +https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae023 + +journal article +10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae023 +0024-4082 +14802079 +BB99D24-3973-4413-B127-BDAA83186FA3 + + + + + + + +Oliverius jordanensis +Soares & Soares, 1945 + + + + + + + + +( +Figs 30–33 +) + + + + + + +• + + +Oliverius jordanensis +Soares and Soares 1945: 263 + + +, figs 9–10. + + + + + +Oliverius jordanensis + +— + +Soares and Soares 1954: 280 + +; + +Soares and Soares 1970: 343 + +; + +Kury 2003: 180 + +. + + + + +• + + +Discocyrtus granulatus +Soares and Soares 1970: 342 + + +, fig. 4. + + + +NEW SYNONYMY + + + + +Discocyrtus granulatus +— + + +Kury 2003: 165 + +. + + + + + + +Type +data + + + + +Discocyrtus granulatus +: + +♂ + +holotype +( +MZSP 4506 +, examined) from +BRAZIL +, +Rio de Janeiro +, + +Itatiaia +, +Macieiras +. + + + + + +Oliverius jordanensis + + +: +♂ +holotype ( +MZSP 0821 +, examined) +BRAZIL +, + +São Paulo +, +Campos do Jordão + + +. + + +Records + +Without further literature records. + + + +Diagnosis + +As presented for the genus. + + + +Non-type material examined + + + +BRAZIL +: state of +Minas Gerais +: + + +Delfim +Moreira + + +: +1 ♂ +2 ♀ +( +MZSP 29845 +), [-22.5092°, -45.28°], + +01.xi.2004 + +, Pinto-da-Rocha, R. & daSilva, + +M. B. +leg. Lima Duarte + +: +2 ♂ +2 ♀ +( +MNRJ 8604 +) +! + +, + +Parque Estadual do Ibitipoca +, + +5-8.v.2008 + +, +Oliveira, I. S. +leg +. + + +Itamonte +: +2 ♂ +( +ISLA 12817 +) +! +, + +x.2009 + +; +1 ♂ +1 ♀ +( +MNRJ 2238 +) +! + +, + +Aiuruoca +, + +31.x.2007 + +, +Sampaio, C. +leg +.; +1 ♂ +( +MNRJ 5599 +) +! +, +7 ♂ +2 ♀ +( +MNRJ 5602 +) +! + +, + + +Parque Nacional de + +Itatiaia, +Brejo da Lapa + + +, -22.362°, -44.735°, + +2200 m + +, + +05–06.ii.1997 + +, +Kury, A. B. +et al. leg +.; +5 ♂ +6 ♀ +( +MNRJ 58980 +) + +, + +idem, road to +Brejo da Lapa +, -22,375 941°, -44,748 277°, + +1800 m + +, + +27.xii.2019 + +, +Kury, A. B. +et al. leg. +; +1 ♀ +( +UERJ +A0425), +1 ♂ +( +UERJ +A0426) + +, + +idem, +Parte Alta +, road near to the +Casa do Pesquisador +, + +05–08. xii.2019 + +, +Corrêa, C. C. D. +leg +. + + +State of Rio de Janeiro: + +Itatiaia + +: +1 ♂ +1 ♀ +( +MNRJ 58998 +), + +Parque Nacional de + +Itatiaia, +Abrigo Lamego/Piscina do Maromba + + +, -22.42 995°, -44.62 216°, + +2000 m + +, + +29.xii.2019 + +, +Kury, A. B. +et al. leg. +; +2 ♂ +( +UERJ +A0043) + +, + +idem, caminho da +Casa de Pedra +, + +25.ix.2018 + +, +Equipe Diptera +leg. +; +1 ♂ +1 ♀ +1 juv +( +UERJ +A0074) + +, + +idem, +Casa de Pedra +, + +24.ix.2018 + +, +Equipe Diptera +leg +.; +1 ♂ +1 ♀ +( +MNRJ 5561 +) +! + +, + +idem, +Véu da Noiva +, +Córrego Maromba +, -22.4361°, -44.6244°, + +1100 m + +, + +02-03.ii.1997 + +, +Kury, A. B. +et al. leg +. + + + +State of +São Paulo + +: + + +São José +do Barreiro + + +: +1 ♂ +( +IBSP 2774 +) +! +, +Parque Nacional da Serra da Bocaina +, + +28.iv–03.v.2002 + +, +Equipe Biota +leg + +. + + + + +Figure 29. +Southeastern Brazil, showing distribution of + +Oliverius jordanensis +Soares & Soares, 1945 + +. Shaded areas in the background are Morrone’s regionalization of the Neotropics (‘provinces’; + +Morrone +et al. +2022 + +): Atlantic province (in dark green) and Paraná Forest province (in medium green). + + + + +Figure 30. +Habitus +in vivo +of + +Oliverius jordanensis +Soares & Soares, 1945 + +, from Brazil, Rio de Janeiro, +Itatiaia +(A–D) and Brazil, Minas Gerais, Itamonte (E–F). ♂ (A–E) and ♀ (F). Photographs of Adriano Kury. + + + + +Figure 31. + +Oliverius jordanensis +Soares & Soares, 1945 + +, ♂ (MNRJ 29845). A, habitus, dorsal view. B, same, lateral view. C, same, ventral view. ♀ (same voucher). D, habitus, dorsal view. E, same, lateral view. F, same, ventral view. Scale bars = 5 mm. + + + + +Figure 32. + +Oliverius jordanensis +Soares & Soares, 1945 + +, ♂ (MNRJ 29845). A, ocularium, frontal view. B, habitus, dorsal view. C, same, lateral view. D, right femur IV, dorsal view. E, right femur–tibia IV, prolateral view. F, right femur IV, ventral view. G, right femur–tibia IV, retrolateral view. ♀ (same voucher). H, ocularium, frontal view. I, posterior margin of dorsal scutum and free tergites, dorsal view. J, right lateral margin of abdominal scutum and coxa IV, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, H–J), 5 mm (B–G). + + + + +Figure 33. + +Oliverius jordanensis +Soares & Soares, 1945 + +, ♂ (MNRJ 5561), genitalia, distal part. A, dorsal view. B, lateral view. C, ventral view. D, stylus and ventral process, lateral view. E, same, apical view. Scale bars: 20 μm (D–E), 50 μm (A–C). + + + + +Distribution (new records with an asterisk) + + + +Table 16. +Leg measurements of +Oliverius jordanensis +, ♂ (MZSP 29845) + + + +BRAZIL +: state of +Minas Gerais +: Delfim +Moreira +*, Itamonte*, Lima Duarte*. State of +Rio de Janeiro +: +Itatiaia +. State of +São Paulo +: Campos do Jordão; +São José +do Barreiro* ( +Fig. 29 +). + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
TrFePaTiMtTaCl +Total +
Pp0.831.450.941.41−1.231.227.08
Leg I0.682.850.972.323.651.87−12.34
Leg II0.865.781.544.976.973.83−23.95
Leg III0.974.751.473.125.222.23−17.76
Leg IV1.676.861.764.457.542.82−25.10
+ + + +Redescription + + + +MZSP +29845 (male) + +for the external body illustrations and description; DS, measurements: CW 3.4, CL 2.6, AW 7.1, AL 3.2; Leg I–IV measurements inTable 16; Right/left tarsal (distitarsal) counts: 6(3)/6(3) - x/12(3) - x/7 - 7/7. + +MNRJ +5561 + +! +(male) +for genitalic illustrations ( +Figs 33A–E +). + + +Dorsum: +DSgamma,moreextensivethanlong,withASlateralmargins strongly convex, widest at scutal area II and thickest at scutal area +III +, with sinuous posterior margin ( +Figs 31A–B +, +32B–C +). DS anterior margin divided by a small central projection in the centre and a pair of shallow cheliceral sockets ( +Fig. 32B +). Carapace anterior third with two sets of prominent subconical tubercles on two transversal rows (five tubercles each on anterior set, four tubercles each on posterior set), divided by a central portion covered by ordinary tubercles ( +Fig. 32B +). Carapace posterior two-thirds with two paramedian pairs of outstanding tubercles, surrounded by ordinary and prominent tubercles on lateral and posterior portions ( +Figs 31A–B +, +32B–C +). Ocularium elliptical (in dorsal view), high ( +c +. 3× the eye diameter), perpendicularly placed on the middle of the carapace ( +Figs 31A–B +, +32A–C +). Ocularium with a pair of sub-parallel spines ( +c +. 2.5× the eye diameter) inclined frontwards ( +Figs 31A–B +, +32A–C +). +AS +lateral margins with two rows of tubercles: one external, composed of three-six outstanding subconical tubercles at areas I–IV; another internal one with ordinary tubercles from the anterior corner of the carapace to the DS posterior margin ( +Fig. 32B–C +). Mesotergum divided into four clearly defined areas ( +Figs 31A +, +32B +). All scutal areas tuberculate ( +Figs 31A–B +, +32B– C +). Scutal areas I and IV divided into left and right halves by a longitudinal median groove ( +Fig. 32B +). Scutal area I with a pair of paramedian outstanding tubercles ( +c +. 7× the ordinary tubercles), placed between two other prominent tubercles ( +c +. 1.5× the ordinary tubercles) ( +Figs 30A–B +, +31B +, +32B–C +). Scutal areas II and IV with two pairs of paramedian outstanding tubercles ( +c +. 2× the ordinary tubercles) ( +Figs 31A–B +, +32B–C +). Scutal area II posterior-lateral margin embracing the scutal area +III +( +Figs 30B +, +32B +). Scutal area +III +with a pair of remarkable cylindrical structures with a broad base, slightly bent to posterior ( +c +. 6.5× the ordinary tubercles) ( +Figs 30A–C +, +31A–B +, +32B–C +). Scutal area +III +with two pairs of outstanding tubercles on the medial portion ( +Figs 30B +, +31A +, +32B +). DS posterior border and free tergites I– +III +each with a transversal row of prominent and rounded tubercles ( +Figs 30C +, +31A +, +32B +). Anal operculum tuberculate ( +Fig. 30 +). + + +Venter: +Cx I– +III +sub-parallel to each other, individually with ventral longitudinal rows of 9–11 setiferous tubercles (Cx I rows with higher and sharper tubercles than the others) ( +Figs 30D +, +31C +). Cx II with a retroventral distal row of four acuminated tubercles. Cx +III +with a retroventral distal row of 12 acuminated tubercles. Cx IV much larger than the others, directed obliquely ( +Figs 30D +, +31C +). Intercoxal bridges are well marked ( +Figs 30D +, +31C +). Stigmatic area Y-inverted-shaped, clearly sunken concerning Cx IV’s distal part ( +Figs 30D +, +31C +). Cx IV covered by ordinary tubercles ( +Figs 30D +, +31C +). Stigmata are visible ( +Figs 30D +, +31C +). Free sternites with a transverse row of ordinary tubercles ( +Figs 30C–D +, +31C +). + + +Chelicera: +Basichelicerite elongate, bulla well marked ( +Figs 31A +, +32B +), with marginal setiferous tubercles—two lateral ectal, one posterior ( +Fig. 32B +); hand not swollen. + + +Pedipalps: +Tr ventral with a geminate setiferous tubercle. Fe with a ventral basal and a mesal distal setiferous tubercle. Pa unarmed ( +Fig. 31A +). Ti with a row of four spines (IiIi) on ventro-mesal and ventro-ectal faces. Ta with a row of three spines ( +III +) on ventro-mesal and ventro-ectal faces. + + +Legs: +All the unmentioned podomeres are unarmed or without relevant armature. Cx I–II dorsal proximal face with anterior and posterior basal apophyses (linked with ozopores); simple ones on Cx I, prominent ones on Cx II (posterior apophysis bifurcated, with the anterior bud larger and swollen). Tr I– +III +each with several ventral tubercles ( +Fig. 30D +). Fe I–II straight ( +Figs 30A–B +, +31A +). Fe and Ti I–II with all faces containing rows of small tubercles ( +Fig. 30B +). Fe +III +sub-straight ( +Fig. 30D +). Fe +III +andTiIIIwithprodorsal, proventral,retroventral,andretrodorsal rows of acuminated tubercles ( +Fig. 30A–B, D +). Pa +III +dorsally covered by acuminated tubercles ( +Fig. 30A +). Cx IV reaching the anal operculum ( +Figs 30B, D +, +31A +, +32B +). Cx IV tuberculate between prodorsal and ventral faces ( +Figs 30A–D +, +31A–C +, +32B +). Cx IV with a prodorsal distal subconical apophysis (elongate, subapically bent to posterior), bearing a small accessory blunt branch (not totally visible in dorsal view) ( +Figs 31A–C +, +32B +). Cx IV with a short retrolateral apophysis, fused with a small secondary branch ( +Figs 30B–D +, +31A, C +, +32B +). Tr IV rectangle-shaped (in dorsal view) ( +Figs 30B, D +, +31A–C +, +32B +). Tr IV central portion with a prominent tubercle on the dorsal and retrodorsal faces ( +Figs 30B +, +32B, D +). Tr IV proximal portion with a conical apophysis on prolateral and retrolateral faces (both slightly bent dorsad) ( +Figs 31A–B +, +32B +). Tr IV distal portion with a hook-shaped apophysis on prodorsal face ( +Figs 31A–B +, +32B, D–E +). Tr IV tuberculate on ventral face ( +Figs 30D +, +31B–C +, +32E–G +). Tr IV distal portion with a reduced conical apophysis on retrolateral face ( +Figs 31C +, +32B, D, F–G +). Fe IV sub-straight, arched on the distal half towards dorsal and prolateral faces ( +Fig. 32D–G +). Fe IV dorsal face with a row of one proximal-most conical spine (I) and eight conical tubercles ( +Fig. 32D–E, G +). Fe IV prodorsal face with a row of 20 ordinary tubercles ( +Fig. 32D–E +). Fe IV prolateral face with a row of 18 slightly prominent acuminated tubercles ( +Fig. 32D–F +). Fe IV proventral face with a row of 22 prominent tubercles ( +Fig. 32E–F +). Fe IV retroventral face with a row of 16 outstanding tubercles except the four proximal-most and the two distalmost, which are prominent tubercles ( +Fig. 32E–F +). Fe IV retrolateral face with a row of three subconical spines (iiI) on the proximal half, and a subconical spine (I) on the distal half (all of them bent dorsad) ( +Fig. 32D, F–G +). Fe IV retrodorsal face with a row of 18 ordinary tubercles ( +Fig. 32D, G +). Fe IV apical portion with subconical spurs on prodorsal and retrodorsal faces (retrodorsal largest) ( +Fig. 32D–E, G +). Pa IV tuberculate on dorsal view ( +Fig. 32D–E, G +). Pa IV with a row of three spines on proventral and retroventral faces ( +Fig. 32E, G +). Ti IV with all faces (except the ventral) containing longitudinal rows of acuminated tubercles ( +Fig. 32E, G +). Mt IV with all faces containing longitudinal rows of small-acuminated tubercles. Mt IV with proventral and retroventral apical spurs. + + + +Coloration (in vivo) ( +Fig. 30 +): + +Carapace and DS anterior and lateral margins background +Dark Grayish Red +(20). Mesotergum background +Dark Bluish Gray +(192). DS posterior border and free tergites I– +III +background +Dark Greenish Yellow +(103). Spines on the ocularium and scutal area +III +Dark Grayish Reddish Brown +(47). DS with tubercles + +Deep Orange Yellow + +(69) or +Strong Yellowish Brown +(74). +AS +lateral borders with prominent subconical tubercles + +Deep Reddish Brown + +(41). DS posterior margin and free tergites I– +III +with a row of tubercles varying between +Vivid Orange +(48) and +Strong Reddish Brown +(40). Ch and Pp glossier background +Blackish Green +(152), with setiferous tubercles and claw +Brilliant Yellow Green ( +116) and honey-combed details +Moderate Yellow Green +(120). Tr I– +III +and Fe I– +III +proximal half background +Dark Yellowish Brown +(78). Fe I– +III +distal half, Pa–Mt I–IV, and Cx IV background +Dark Greenish Gray +(156). Tr–Fe IV background +Dark Reddish Brown +(44). Legs I– +III +with ordinary tubercles + +Deep Orange Yellow + +(69). Leg IV with tubercles, spines, and apophyses varying between +Vivid Orange +(48) and + +Deep Reddish Brown + +(41). + + + +Table 17. +Leg measurements of +Oliverius jordanensis +, ♀ (MZSP 29845) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
TrFePaTiMtTaCl +Total +
Pp0.691.771.051.28−1.131.137.05
Leg I0.492.680.921.923.151.59−10.75
Leg II0.885.851.403.955.993.39−21.50
Leg III0.864.261.292.774.452.42−16.05
Leg IV1.216.011.663.836.992.70−22.40
+ + + +Coloration (in ethanol) ( +Fig. 31 +): + +DS background and margins vary between +Moderate Olive Brown +(95) and +Dark Grayish Yellowish Brown +(81), with a reticulum +Strong Yellow +(84). DS tubercles and ocularium spines +Moderate Yellow Green +(120). Scutal area +III +with spines +Dark Grayish Brown +(62). Ch and Pp background +Olive Black +(114), with setiferous tubercles and claw +Strong Yellow Green +(117) and honey-combed details +Brilliant Greenish Yellow +(98). Legs I– +III +background +Dark Olive +(108) with details +Strong Greenish Yellow +(99). Leg IV background +Moderate Olive Brown +(95), with honey-combed details on Cx IV prolateral proximal portion +Moderate Greenish Yellow +(102). Fe IV distal third background +Strong Greenish Yellow +(99). Pa–Mt distal third background +Brilliant Yellow Green +(116). + + +Male genitalia: +VP slightly divided into a distal half forming a trapezium (widest at the apex) with latero-apical flaps and a proximal half elliptical ( +Fig. 33A, C +). VP ventral surface entirely covered with microsetae of +type +1 ( +Fig. 33B–C +). All macrosetae cylindrical, inserted on lateral of VP. MS A1–A3 thick and acuminated, forming a longitudinal row on the basal third of VP ( +Fig. 33A–B +). MS B1 short, inserted ventrally, close to A3 ( +Fig. 33B–C +). MS C1–C3 thick and acuminated, forming a longitudinal row on the distal half of VP ( +Fig. 33A–C +). MS D1 short, closer to C3 than A1 ( +Fig. 33A–C +). MS E1–E2 very reduced, located on the laterodistal flange of VP—E1 above C1, E2 beside C2 ( +Fig. 33B–C +). Glans sac arising from the middle bulge on the podium, not extended as a dorsal process ( +Fig. 33A–B +). Stylus and its ventral process axis fused basally, forming a square-shaped short pedestal above the glans ( +Fig. 33A–B, D–E +). Stylus cylindrical, bent at the distal part (forming a plateau) and armed with a set of ventral subapical spines ( +Fig. 33A–B, D–E +). Stylus without any expansion or flattening, +in situ +reaching the distal margin of VP ( +Fig. 33B–C +). Ventral process almost straight, as long and thinner than the stylus ( +Fig. 33B, D–E +). Flabellum bent 90° ventrad, hand-shaped (with short serrulations and spines) ( +Fig. 33A–B, D–E +). + + + +Female ( +MZSP +29845) ( +Figs 30F +, +31D–F +, +32H–J +): + +DS, measurements: CW 3.4, CL 2.5, AW 6.2, AL 3.6; Leg I–IV measurements in +Table 17 +; Right/left tarsal (distitarsal) counts: 6(3)/6(3) - 10(3)/10(3) - 7/7 - 7/7. Ocularium with reduced spines compared to males ( +Figs 31B +, +32H +). +AS +margins are less concave compared to males ( +Figs 30F +, +31B +, +32J +). DS posterior margins and free tergites I– +III +with a row of outstanding acuminated tubercles ( +Figs 30F +, +31D–E +, +32I +). Scutal area +III +with a pair of paramedian conical spines (with a rounded apex) ( +Figs 30F +, +31D–E +). Cx IV narrower than males, with the prodorsal distal apophysis reduced to a single spine ( +Figs 31D +, +32J +). Fe IV thinner and less curved in comparison to males ( +Fig. 31D, F +). Fe IV, Tr IV, and Ti IV with reduced armature in comparison to males. + + +Intraspecific variation: +Some variations between +minor morph males +( +Fig. 30E +) and +major morph males +were detected: (1) DS with less developed armature; (2) Cx IV distal portion with reduced apophysis on prolateral and retrolateral faces; and (3) Fe IV thinner, with less developed armature. No relevant intraspecific variation among +major morph males +and among females was detected in the material studied. + + +Historical taxonomical remarks: +The male +holotype +of + +Discocyrtus granulatus + +( +MZSP +4506) matches almost 100% with the morphology of + +Oliverius jordanensis + +holotype +( +MZSP +0821). No additional specimens were recorded in the literature for both species. The type-locality of + +Oliverius jordanensis + +(Campos do Jordão, +São Paulo +) and + +Discocyrtus granulatus + +( +Itatiaia +, +Rio de Janeiro +) are part of the Atlantic province ( +Fig. 29 +). The same occurs with almost all the ordinary specimen records studied here (except Delfim +Moreira +, +Minas Gerais +, which belongs to the +Paraná +Forest province). Therefore, + +Discocyrtus granulatus + +is here considered a junior subjective synonym of + +Oliverius jordanensis + +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/A3/87/03A387C130368728165FFBA10BFCFA1A.xml b/data/03/A3/87/03A387C130368728165FFBA10BFCFA1A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..db31623e1d2 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/A3/87/03A387C130368728165FFBA10BFCFA1A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,241 @@ + + + +Further draining of Discocyrtus to expand Neopachylinae (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae): absorption of taxa and establishment of new genera and species + + + +Author + +Carvalho, Rafael N. +Departamento de Invertebrados, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Quinta da Boa Vista s / n, São Cristóvão, 20.940 - 040, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil & Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia Roberto de Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier 524, Maracanã, 20.550 - 900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil +rafaelcarvalhobio@hotmail.com + + + +Author + +Kury, Adriano B. +Departamento de Invertebrados, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Quinta da Boa Vista s / n, São Cristóvão, 20.940 - 040, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2025 + +zlae 023 + + +2024-03-30 + + +203 + + +1 + + +1 +65 + + + + +https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae023 + +journal article +10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae023 +0024-4082 +14802079 +BB99D24-3973-4413-B127-BDAA83186FA3 + + + + + + +Pachylobos +Piza, 1940 + + + + + + + +• + + +Pachylobos +Piza 1940a: 55 + + +[junior subjective synonym of + +Discocyrtus +Holmberg, 1878 + +by B. + +Soares (1944c +: p. 267 + +); synonymy rejected by + +Carvalho and Kury (2020 +, p. 88 + +)]. + + + + + +Pachylobos +— + + +Carvalho and Kury 2020: 88 + +. + + + + +• + + +Discocyrtulosoma +Piza 1943: 56 + + +[junior subjective synonym of + +Discocyrtus +Holmberg, 1878 + +by B. + +Soares (1944e +: p. 223 + +); transferred to synonym list of + +Pachylobos +Piza, 1940 + +by + +Carvalho and Kury (2020 +, p. 88 + +)]. + + + + + + +Type +species: + + +Pachylobos areolatus +Piza, 1940 + +, by original designation. + + + + +Diagnosis: +See the original diagnosis in +Carvalho and Kury (2020: 88) +. An updated version, following the results obtained here, as follows: + +Pachylobos + +can be distinguished from the other genera of Neopachylinae due to: (1) Ventral process of the glans sigmoid ( +Carvalho and Kury 2020 +: fig. 15D); (2) Outline of the male’s DS +type +lambda +sensu +Kury and Medrano (2016) +( +Figs 35A +, +36B +); (3) Mesotergum with an areolate pattern of stains forming circles around of the tubercles ( +Carvalho and Kury 2020 +: figs 13A, 35A, 36B); (4) Fe IV retrolateral face with a spine comb growing distally in size on the proximal third ( +Figs 36F, 36H +); (5) Fe IV retrolateral face with a pair of intervaled spines (with almost the same size) on the central third ( +Fig. 36F, H +); (6) Tr +III +retrolateral face of the females with the distal portion unarmed ( +Fig. 38B +). + + + + +Figure 34. +South and southeastern Brazil, showing the distribution of + +Pachylobos +Piza, 1940 + +. Shaded areas in the background are Morrone’s regionalization of the Neotropics (‘provinces’; + +Morrone +et al. +2022 + +): Atlantic province (in dark green), Araucaria Forest province (in light green) and Paraná Forest province (in medium green). + + + + + +Included species: +Pachylobos iratiensis + +, + +Pachylobos littoralis +( +Mello-Leitão, 1932 +) + +( +type +species), and + +Pachylobos longicornis +( +Mello-Leitão, 1922 +) + +. + + + + +Distribution: +BRAZIL +: states of +Paraná +and +São Paulo +( +Fig. 34 +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/A3/87/03A387C130378723134BFA770B3DFB5C.xml b/data/03/A3/87/03A387C130378723134BFA770B3DFB5C.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..35c7fef7b22 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/A3/87/03A387C130378723134BFA770B3DFB5C.xml @@ -0,0 +1,724 @@ + + + +Further draining of Discocyrtus to expand Neopachylinae (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae): absorption of taxa and establishment of new genera and species + + + +Author + +Carvalho, Rafael N. +Departamento de Invertebrados, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Quinta da Boa Vista s / n, São Cristóvão, 20.940 - 040, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil & Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia Roberto de Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier 524, Maracanã, 20.550 - 900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil +rafaelcarvalhobio@hotmail.com + + + +Author + +Kury, Adriano B. +Departamento de Invertebrados, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Quinta da Boa Vista s / n, São Cristóvão, 20.940 - 040, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2025 + +zlae 023 + + +2024-03-30 + + +203 + + +1 + + +1 +65 + + + + +https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae023 + +journal article +10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae023 +0024-4082 +14802079 +BB99D24-3973-4413-B127-BDAA83186FA3 + + + + + + + +Pachylobos iratiensis + +sp.nov. + + + + + + + +( +Figs 35–38 +) + + + +ZooBank LSID: + +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: +96D322FE-E209- 4334-882B-0D31E66A5F54 + +. + + + + +Etymology + + +The species name is an adjective from the +type +locality. + + + + + +Type +data + + + + +Pachylobos iratiensis +: + + +♂ +holotype + + +2 ♀ +paratypes +( +MNRJ 363 +), from +BRAZIL +, state of +Paraná +, +Fernandes Pinheiro +, +Floresta Nacional de Irati + +. + + + + +Diagnosis + + + +Pachylobos iratiensis + +: can be distinguished from + +P. littoralis + +and + +P. longicornis + +due to: (1) Scutal area III with a pair of spines with subconical apex ( +Fig. 36B, D +); (2) Cx IV prodorsal distal apophysis with half of the AW size ( +Fig. 36B +); (3) Fe IV dorsal face with a comb of spines (IIII) on the proximal half ( +Fig. 36F– G, I +); (4) Fe IV retrodorsal face with a row of tubercles (as in + +P. littoralis + +) and a distalmost outstanding spine (as in + +P. longicornis + +) ( +Fig. 36F, I +); (5) VP with proximal half elliptical, 1.5× wider than distal part ( +Fig. 37A, C +); (6) MS B1 evident, with the central portion visible ( +Fig. 37C +); (7) Females’ free tergites I–III with a pair of outstanding subconical tubercles ( +Fig. 38B +). + + + + +Distribution + + +BRAZIL +: state of +Paraná +: Fernandes Pinheiro ( +Fig. 34 +). + + + + +Redescription + + + +MNRJ +363 (male) + +for the external body illustrations and description; DS, measurements: CW 3.3, CL 2.3, AW 6.4, AL 3.1; Leg I–IV measurements inTable 18; Right/left tarsal (distitarsal) counts: 6(3)/6(3) - 13(3)/8(3) - 7/7 - 7/7. + +MNRJ +363 (male) + +for genitalic illustrations. + + +Dorsum: +DS lambda, wider than long, with +AS +lateral margins strongly convex, widest at scutal area II and thickest at scutal area +III +( +Figs 35A–B +, +36B, D +). +AS +with sinuous posterior margin ( +Fig. 36B, D +). DS anterior margin divided by a small central projection in the centre and a pair of shallow cheliceral sockets ( +Figs 35A +, +36B +). Carapace anterior portion with two transversal rows of four–five prominent subconical tubercles, and centrally covered by ordinary tubercles ( +Fig. 36B +). Carapace with a paramedian pair of prominent tubercles, surrounded by ordinary tubercles on lateral and posterior portions ( +Fig. 36B, D +). Ocularium elliptical (in dorsal view), slightly inclined frontwards (in lateral view), high ( +c +. 3× the eye diameter), perpendicularly placed on the central portion of the carapace ( +Figs 35A–B +, +36A–B, D +). Ocularium with a pair of almost parallel spines ( +c +. 3× the eye diameter) fused at baseline and slightly inclined frontwards ( +Figs 35A–B +, +36A–B, D +). +AS +lateral borders with two rows of tubercles, one external, composed of three–four prominent subconical tubercles at areas I–IV; another internal one with ordinary tubercles from the posterior corner of the carapace to the DS posterior margin ( +Figs 35A–B +, +36B, D +). Mesotergum is divided into four clearly defined scutal areas ( +Figs 35A +, +36B +). All scutal areas tuberculate, with almost all tubercles individually covered/surrounded by light-coloured spots ( +Figs 35A +, +36B +). Scutal area I divided into left and right halves by a longitudinal median groove ( +Figs 35A +, +36B +). Scutal areas I–II and IV with two or three pairs of prominent tubercles ( +c +. 1.5× the ordinary tubercles) ( +Figs 35A +, +36B, D +). Scutal area II with anterior-lateral margin slightly embracing scutal area I, and with posterior-lateral margin embracing scutal area +III +( +Figs 35A +, +36B +). Scutal area +III +with a pair of paramedian subconical spines with rounded apex ( +c +. 7× the ordinary tubercles) ( +Figs 35A–B +, +36B–D +). Scutal area +III +with posterior-central margin slightly invading scutal area IV (on paramedian portion) ( +Figs 35A +, +36B +). DS posterior border and free tergites I– +III +each with a transversal row of tubercles (growing in size towards central portion, with six prominent ones) ( +Figs 35A +, +36B, D +). Anal operculum tuberculate. + + + +Figure 35. + +Pachylobos iratiensis + +, ♂ holotype (MNRJ 363). A, habitus, dorsal view. B, same, lateral view. C, same, ventral view. ♀ paratype (same voucher). D, habitus, dorsal view. E, same, lateral view. F, same, ventral view. Scale bars = 5 mm. + + + +Venter: +Cx I– +III +sub-parallel to each other ( +Fig. 35C +), individually with ventral longitudinal rows of 8–15 setiferous tubercles (Cx I rows with higher and sharper tubercles than the others). Cx II with two acuminated tubercles on retroventral distal. Cx +III +with a retroventral distal row of nine acuminate tubercles. Cx IV much larger than the others, directed obliquely ( +Fig. 35C +). Intercoxal bridges are well marked ( +Fig. 35C +). Stigmatic area Y-inverted-shaped, clearly sunken concerning Cx IV’s distal part ( +Fig. 35C +). Cx IV covered by ordinary tubercles ( +Fig. 35C +). Stigmata are visible ( +Fig. 35C +). Free sternites with a transverse row of ordinary tubercles ( +Fig. 35C +). + + +Chelicera: +Basichelicerite elongate, bulla well marked ( +Fig. 36B +), with marginal setiferous tubercles—two lateral mesal, two or three posteriors, three lateral ectal ( +Fig. 36B +); hand not swollen. + + +Pedipalps: +Tr with two geminated ventral setiferous tubercles. Fe with a ventral basal and a mesal distal setiferous tubercle. Pa unarmed. Ti with a row of four spines (IiIi) on ventro-mesal and ventro-ectal faces. Ta with two rows of spines—three (IIi) ventro-mesal and four (IiIi) ventro-ectal. + + +Legs: +All the unmentioned podomeres are unarmed or without relevant armature. Cx I–II dorsal proximal face with anterior and posterior basal apophyses (linked with ozopores); simple ones on Cx I, prominent ones on Cx II (posterior apophysis bifurcated, with the anterior bud larger and swollen). Tr I– +III +each with several ventral tubercles. Fe I and +III +sub straight ( +Figs 35C +, +36E +); Fe II straight ( +Fig. 35C +). Fe and Ti I– +III +with all faces containing rows of small tubercles ( +Fig. 36E +). Fe +III +with a reduced apical retrodorsal spur ( +Figs 35A +, +36E +). Pa I– +III +dorsally covered by small tubercles. Cx IV reaches the DS posterior margin ( +Fig. 36B +). Cx IV tuberculate between prodorsal and ventral faces ( +Fig. 36B +). Cx IV prodorsal distal apophysis with a conical main branch (as long as the AS’ half-width, centrally bent to posterior) ( +Fig. 36B, D, F–H +). Cx IV retroventral distal apophysis with a blunt main branch, with a small secondary branch on its proximal half ( +Fig. 36B, F, H–I +). Tr IV rectangle-shaped (in dorsal view) ( +Fig. 36B, F–I +). Tr IV central portion with a prominent tubercle on dorsal face ( +Fig. 36B, F–G +). Tr IV distal portion with a hook-shaped apophysis on prodorsal face ( +Fig. 36B, F–G, I +). Tr IV proximal portion with a conical apophysis (slightly bent dorsad) on prolateral face ( +Fig. 36B, F, H +). Tr IV tuberculate on ventral face ( +Fig. 36G–I +). Tr IV central portion with a conical apophysis (slightly bent dorsad) and two prominent subconical tubercles on retrolateral face ( +Fig. 36B, H–I +). Tr IV distal portion with a subconical apophysis on retrolateral and retrodorsal faces ( +Fig. 36B, F, H–I +). Fe IV sub-straight, arched (1) on the proximal half towards the prodorsal face and (2) on the distal half towards the retroventral face ( +Fig. 36F–I +). Fe IV dorsal face with a row of seven spines (IIIIIiI) bent to retrolateral, (except the proximal-most and the two distalmost, which are straight) ( +Fig. 36F–I +). Fe IV prodorsal face with a row of ordinary tubercles and a prominent apical tubercle ( +Fig. 36F–G +). Fe IV prolateral face with a row of 13 outstanding subconical tubercles ( +Fig. 36F–H +). Fe IV proventral face with a row of five spines (iiiII) on distal half ( +Fig. 36G–H +). Fe IV ventral face with a subconical prominent tubercle on the proximal fifth ( +Fig. 36H +). Fe IV retroventral face with a row of eight spines (iiiiiIII)—the five proximal-most subconical, the three distalmost acuminated ( +Fig. 36F–G, I +). Fe IV retrolateral face with a row of seven spines (iiIIIii), with a diastema on the central portion between the four proximal-most and the five distalmost ( +Fig. 36F, H–I +). Fe IV retrodorsal face with ordinary tubercles on the proximal and central thirds, a spine on the distal third and an outstanding apical spur ( +Fig. 36F, I +). Pa IV dorsally covered by prominent acuminated tubercles (some are outstanding, mainly on dorsal and retrodorsal faces) ( +Fig. 36F, I +). Pa IV proventral and retroventral faces with rows of five and two spines, respectively ( +Fig. 36G–I +). Ti IV with all faces containing longitudinal rows of spines (except ventral; proventral, retroventral and retrolateral largest) ( +Fig. 36H–I +). Ti IV with a sizeable spur on proventral and retroventral apical portions ( +Fig. 36H–I +). Mt IV with all faces containing longitudinal rows of small tubercles ( +Fig. 36J +). Mt IV with a reduced spur on proventral and retroventral apical portions ( +Fig. 36J +). + + + +Figure 36. + +Pachylobos iratiensis + +, ♂ holotype (MNRJ 363). A, ocularium, frontal view. B, habitus, dorsal view. C, armature of scutal area III, posterior view. D, habitus, lateral view. E, right trochanter–femur III, dorsal view. F, right trochanter–patella IV, dorsal view. G, same, prolateral view. H, right trochanter–tibia IV, ventral view. I, same, retrolateral view. J, right metatarsus–tarsus IV, retrolateral view. Scale bars: 1 mm (A, C, E), 3 mm (B, D, F–J). + + + + +Figure 37. + +Pachylobos iratiensis + +, ♂ holotype (MNRJ 363), genitalia, distal part. A, dorsal view. B, lateral view. C, ventral view. D, stylus and ventral process, laterodorsal view. Scale bars = 100 μm. + + + + +Figure 38. + +Pachylobos iratiensis + +, ♀ paratype (MNRJ 363). A, ocularium, frontal view. B, habitus, dorsal view. C, right trochanter–femur IV, dorsal view. Scale bars: 1 mm (A), 3 mm (B–C). + + + + +Table 18. +Leg measurements of +Pachylobos iratiensis +, ♂ holotype (MNRJ 363) + + + + +Table 19. +Leg measurements of +Pachylobos iratiensis +, ♀ paratype (MNRJ 363) + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
TrFePaTiMtTaCl +Total +
Pp0.711.890.851.34−1.080.896.76
Leg I0.742.581.162.183.191.84–11.69
Leg II0.905.561.594.686.343.95–23.03
Leg III1.004.351.562.924.562.00–16.40
Leg IV1.825.511.954.277.052.56–23.18
+ + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
TrFePaTiMtTaCl +Total +
Pp0.641.630.631.08−0.970.935.89
Leg I0.562.530.801.822.641.61–9.98
Leg II0.715.001.264.005.013.30−19.29
Leg III0.954.131.432.634.211.85−15.21
Leg IV1.164.851.613.716.342.35−20.03
+ + +Coloration (in ethanol) ( +Fig. 35 +): +DS background, free tergites I– +III +and Cx I–IV +Dark Grayish Yellowish Brown +(81). Mesotergum grooves between areas I–IV +Light Olive Gray +(112). Tubercles surrounded by lighter circles +Grayish Greenish Yellow +(105) on mesotergum, +AS +lateral portions and free tergites I– +III +. Spines on scutal area +III +and Cx IV prodorsal distal apophysis +Brownish Black +(65). Ch glossier background +Dark Grayish Yellow +(91), with honeycombed +Dark Grayish Olive +(111) reticle. Pp glossier background +Very Pale Green +(148), with honeycombed +Greenish Gray +(155) reticle. Tr I–IV background in a combination of +Grayish Greenish Yellow +(105) and +Dark Grayish Yellowish Brown +(81), with a dorsal semicircle +Very Light Yellowish Green +(134) on distal half. Fe–Mt I– +III +background +Grayish Greenish Yellow +(105), with honeycombed +Dark Olive Brown +(96) reticle. Fe–Mt IV background +Dark Grayish Olive +(111), with apical portions of tubercles and spines +Moderate Greenish Yellow +(102) or +Moderate Yellow Green +(120). + + +Male genitalia: +VP slightly divided into a distal half forming a trapezium (widest at the base) with latero-apical flaps and a proximal half elliptical (1.5× wider than distal part) ( +Fig. 37A, C +). VP ventral surface entirely covered with microsetae of +type +1. All macrosetae cylindrical, inserted on lateral of VP. MS A1– A4 thick and acuminated, on the basal half of the VP ( +Fig. 37A– C +). MS B1 short, inserted ventrally, close to A4 ( +Fig. 37B–C +). MS C1–C3 thick and acuminated, forming a longitudinal row on the distal half of VP ( +Fig. 37A–C +). MS D1 short, closer to C3 than A1 ( +Fig. 37A–B +). MS E1–E2 very reduced, located on the laterodistal flange of VP—E1 above C1, E2 between C2–C3 ( +Fig. 37B +). Glans sac arising from the middle bulge on the podium, not extended as a dorsal process ( +Fig. 37A–B, D +). Stylus and its ventral process fused basally, forming a pedestal above the glans ( +Fig. 37B, D +). Stylus cylindrical, bent at the subdistal part (forming a plateau) and armed with a set of ventral subapical spines ( +Fig. 37A–D +). Stylus without any expansion or flattening, +in situ +reaching the distal margin of VP. Ventral process bent dorsad, as long and thinner than the stylus ( +Fig. 37A, D +). Flabellum bent 90° ventrad, hand-shaped (with more than 11 lateral prominent spines, some of them bifurcated) ( +Fig. 37B, D +). + + + +Female ( +MNRJ +363) ( +Figs 35D–F +, +38 +): + +DS, measurements: CW 2.9, CL 2.1, AW 5.3, AL 3.6; Leg I–IV measurements in +Table 19 +; Right/left tarsal (distitarsal) counts: 5(2)/6(3) - 9(3)/9(3) - 7/7 - 7/7. Ocularium reduced compared to males ( +Figs 35E +, +38A +). DS lambda, with +AS +margins are less concave than males ( +Figs 35D +, +36B +). DS posterior margin and free tergites I– +III +with a pair of outstanding subconical tubercles ( +Figs 35D +, +38B +). Cx IV narrower than males, with the prodorsal distal apophysis reduced to a single spine ( +Figs 35D–E +, +38B–C +). Tr IV distal portion unarmed on prodorsal and retrodorsal faces ( +Figs 35D–E +, +38C +). Tr IV distal portion with a prominent subconical tubercle on prolateral face ( +Fig. 38C +). Fe IV sub-straight, thinner compared to males, arched on the proximal half towards prodorsal face ( +Figs 35D–F +, +38C +). Fe IV with five small acuminated spines on dorsal face ( +Fig. 38C +). Fe IV retrolateral face with a prominent subconical tubercle on the proximal fifth and two outstanding spines on the distal half ( +Fig. 38C +). + + +Intraspecific variation: +No other male specimen, except the +holotype +, has been studied here. No intraspecific variation among females was detected in the material studied. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/A3/87/03A387C1303C872211C9F94209DEF9F3.xml b/data/03/A3/87/03A387C1303C872211C9F94209DEF9F3.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7c2b488588b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/A3/87/03A387C1303C872211C9F94209DEF9F3.xml @@ -0,0 +1,358 @@ + + + +Further draining of Discocyrtus to expand Neopachylinae (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae): absorption of taxa and establishment of new genera and species + + + +Author + +Carvalho, Rafael N. +Departamento de Invertebrados, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Quinta da Boa Vista s / n, São Cristóvão, 20.940 - 040, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil & Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia Roberto de Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier 524, Maracanã, 20.550 - 900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil +rafaelcarvalhobio@hotmail.com + + + +Author + +Kury, Adriano B. +Departamento de Invertebrados, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Quinta da Boa Vista s / n, São Cristóvão, 20.940 - 040, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2025 + +zlae 023 + + +2024-03-30 + + +203 + + +1 + + +1 +65 + + + + +https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae023 + +journal article +10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae023 +0024-4082 +14802079 +BB99D24-3973-4413-B127-BDAA83186FA3 + + + + + + +Pachylobos longicornis +( +Mello-Leitão, 1922 +) + + + + + + + +• + + +Gonyleptes longicornis +Mello-Leitão 1922: 335 + + +. + + + + + +Gonyleptes longicornis +— + + +Mello-Leitão 1923: 142 + +, fig.17;1932: 297, fig. 193; + +Roewer 1930: 368 + +, fig. 5; + +Piza 1940b: 313 + +, fig. 5. + + + + + +Discocyrtus longicornis +: + +B. + +Soares 1943: 53 + +. + + + + + +Discocyrtus longicornis +— + +B. + +Soares 1944a: 177 + +; + +1944b: 222 + +; + +1944d: 285 + +; + +Soares and Soares 1954: 251 + +; + +Kury 2003: 164 + +. + + + + + +Pachylobos longicornis +: + + +Carvalho and Kury 2020: 98 + +. + + + + +• + + +Discocyrtus transversalis +Piza 1940a: 58 + + +, fig. 6 [junior subjective synonym of + +Gonyleptes longicornis +Mello-Leitão 1922 + +by B. + +Soares (1943 +, p. 53 + +)]. + + + + +• + + +Discocyrtus guttatus +Roewer 1927: 335 + + +, figs 2a–b [junior subjective synonym of + +Gonyleptes longicornis +Mello-Leitão 1922 + +by + +Carvalho and Kury (2020 +, p. 98 + +)]. + + + + + +Discocyrtus guttatus + +— + +Roewer 1929: 209 + +, pl. 1, figs 1a–b; + +Mello-Leitão 1932: 171 + +, fig. 90; + +Soares and Soares 1954: 250 + +; + +Acosta 1996: 215 + +; + +Kury 2003: 163 + +. + + + + + + +Type +data + + + + +Discocyrtus guttatus +: + +♂ +holotype +( +SMF +1437, examined by photograph) from +BRAZIL +, +São Paulo, Ribeirão Pires. + +Discocyrtus transversalis + +: +♂ +♀ +syntypes +( +MZSP +858, examined by photograph) from +BRAZIL +, +São Paulo, Alto da Serra. + +Gonyleptes longicornis + +: +2 ♂ +syntypes +( +MZSP +1563, examined) from +BRAZIL +, +São Paulo, Alto da Serra. + + +Records + + +BRAZIL +: state of +São Paulo +: Bertioga, Boracéia, Iguape, Ilhabela, Itanhaém, Miracatu, Paranapiacaba, Peruíbe, Salesópolis, Santo André, + +São Paulo, Sete Barras ( +Carvalho and Kury 2020 +) + +. + + + + +Diagnosis + + +The diagnosis provided here is an updated version of the one presented in +Carvalho and Kury (2020: 99) +, as follows: + +P. longicornis + +can be distinguished from + +P. iratiensis + +and + +P. littoralis + +due to: (1) Ocularium with a pair of divergent and fused at base spines ( +Carvalho and Kury 2020 +: fig. 14B); (2) Scutal area +III +with a pair of paramedian cones with rounded apex ( +Carvalho and Kury 2020 +: fig. 14A, C); (3) Fe II retrodorsal distal with a spur; (4) Fe IV dorsal face with a comb of spines (IiiI) on the proximal half ( +Carvalho and Kury 2020 +: fig. 14A); (5) Fe IV armed with an outstanding spine on retrodorsal distal face ( +Carvalho and Kury 2020 +: fig. 14D, G); (6) Fe IV of females straight ( +Carvalho and Kury 2020 +: fig. 13D–E); (7) DS posterior margin and free tergites I– +III +of females with a row of outstanding acuminated tubercles (as in + +P. littoralis + +) ( +Carvalho and Kury 2020 +: fig. 8D). + + + + +Distribution + + +BRAZIL +: state of +São Paulo +: Alto da Serra, Bertioga, Iguape, Ilhabela, Itanhaém, Miracatu, Peruíbe, Ribeirão Pires, Salesópolis, Santo André, +São Paulo, Sete Barras +( +Fig. 34 +). + + + + +Redescription + + +See the detailed redescription in +Carvalho and Kury (2020: 98–102) +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/A3/87/03A387C1303C872312BCFAC30A83F9CA.xml b/data/03/A3/87/03A387C1303C872312BCFAC30A83F9CA.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..7cb0dbda31c --- /dev/null +++ b/data/03/A3/87/03A387C1303C872312BCFAC30A83F9CA.xml @@ -0,0 +1,465 @@ + + + +Further draining of Discocyrtus to expand Neopachylinae (Opiliones, Gonyleptidae): absorption of taxa and establishment of new genera and species + + + +Author + +Carvalho, Rafael N. +Departamento de Invertebrados, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Quinta da Boa Vista s / n, São Cristóvão, 20.940 - 040, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil & Departamento de Zoologia, Instituto de Biologia Roberto de Alcantara Gomes, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rua São Francisco Xavier 524, Maracanã, 20.550 - 900, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil +rafaelcarvalhobio@hotmail.com + + + +Author + +Kury, Adriano B. +Departamento de Invertebrados, Museu Nacional, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro (UFRJ), Quinta da Boa Vista s / n, São Cristóvão, 20.940 - 040, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil + +text + + +Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society + + +2025 + +zlae 023 + + +2024-03-30 + + +203 + + +1 + + +1 +65 + + + + +https://doi.org/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae023 + +journal article +10.1093/zoolinnean/zlae023 +0024-4082 +14802079 +BB99D24-3973-4413-B127-BDAA83186FA3 + + + + + + +Pachylobos litoralis +( +Mello-Leitão, 1932 +) + + + + + + + +• + + +Discocyrtus littoralis +Mello-Leitão 1932: 172 + + +, fig. 91. + + + + + +Discocyrtus littoralis +— + +B. + +Soares 1945a: 92 + +; + +1946: 517 + +; + +Soares and Soares 1954: 251 + +; H. + +Soares 1966: 283 + +; + +Kury 2003: 164 + +. + + + + + +Pachylobos littoralis +: + + +Carvalho and Kury 2020: 88 + +. + + + + +• + + +Discocyrtus cornutus +Piza 1940a: 57 + + +, fig. 5 [junior subjective synonym of + +Discocyrtus littoralis +Mello-Leitão 1932 + +by + +Carvalho and Kury (2020 +, p. 94 + +)]. + + + + + +Discocyrtus cornutus +— + +B. + +Soares 1944d: 284 + +; + +1944e: 223 + +; + +1945c: 240 + +; + +1946: 514 + +; H. + +Soares 1945: 227 + +; + +Ringuelet 1953: 167 + +, fig. 5; 1957: 21; 1959: 297, fig. 42, pl. 6, figs 1, 3; + +Soares and Soares 1954: 247 + +; + +Kury 2003: 161 + +. + + + + +• + + +Pachylobos areolatus +Piza 1940a: 55 + + +, fig. 3 [junior subjective synonym of + +Discocyrtus cornutus +Piza, 1940 + +by B. + +Soares (1944e +, p. 223 + +); junior secondary homonym of + +Discocyrtus areolatus +Piza, 1938 + +]. + + + + + +Discocyrtus areolatus +: + +B. + +Soares 1944c: 267 + +. + + + + +• + + +Discocyrtulosoma soaresi +Piza 1943: 56 + + +, fig. 10 [junior subjective synonym of + +Discocyrtus cornutus +Piza, 1940 + +by B. + +Soares (1944e +, p. 223 + +)]. + + + + + + +Type +data + + + + + + +Discocyrtus littoralis + +: + +♂ +holotype +(no identified depository, lost) from +BRAZIL +, + +São Paulo + +, + +São Sebastião +. + + + + + +Discocyrtus cornutus + + +: +♀ +holotype ( +MZSP 54 +, examined) from +BRAZIL +, + +São Paulo +, +Serra da Cantareira +. + + + + + +Pachylobos areolatus + + +: +2 ♂ +syntypes +( +MZSP +and +IBSP +, examined by photograph in original description) from +BRAZIL +, + +São Paulo +, +Serra da Cantareira +. + + + + + +Discocyrtulosoma soaresi + + +: +♂ +♀ +syntypes +( +MZSP 103 +, examined) + +, + +♂ +syntype +( +MZLQ +, not examined) from +BRAZIL +, + +São Paulo +, Butantan + +/ +Serra da Cantareira + +. + + +Records + + +BRAZIL +: state of +São Paulo +: Ubatuba (B. +Soares 1943 +); Alto da Serra, Mogi das Cruzes, Perus, +São Paulo +(B. +Soares 1944b +, +1945c +, +1946 +); Ilha dos Búzios, Ilha da Vitória (H. +Soares 1966 +); Campos do Jordão, Cocaia, Guarulhos, Ilha da Queimada Grande, Jundiaí, Juquitiba, Mairiporã, Miracatu, + +São Francisco Xavier ( +Carvalho and Kury 2020 +) + +. + + +Unverified/mistaken records + + +ARGENTINA +: +Misiones +: Santa María ( +Ringuelet 1959 +). + + + + +Diagnosis + + +The diagnosis provided here is an updated version of the one presented in +Carvalho and Kury (2020: 94) +, as follows: + +P. littoralis + +can be distinguished from + +P. iratiensis + +and + +P. longicornis + +due to: (1) Ocularium with pair of parallel and independent armature (as in + +P. iratiensis + +) ( +Carvalho and Kury 2020 +: fig. 9B); (2) Scutal area +III +with a pair of paramedian domes ( +Carvalho and Kury 2020 +: figs 8A, C, 9A, C); (3) Fe II unarmed on retrodorsal distal face; (4) Cx IV prodorsal apophysis with less of the AW half-size ( +Carvalho and Kury 2020 +: figs 8A, 9A); (5) Fe IV dorsal face with a comb of spines (iiI) on the proximal half ( +Carvalho and Kury 2020 +: figs 9D–E, G); (6) Fe IV armed with a tiny spine on retrodorsal distal face ( +Carvalho and Kury 2020 +: figs 8A, 9D–E); (7) DS posterior margin and free tergites I– +III +of females with a row of outstanding acuminated tubercles (as in + +P. longicornis + +) ( +Carvalho and Kury 2020 +: fig. 8D). + + + + +Distribution + + +BRAZIL +: state of +São Paulo +: Alto da Serra, Campos do Jordão, Cocaia, Guarulhos, Ilha da Queimada Grande, Ilha da Vitória, Ilha dos Búzios, Jundiaí, Juquitiba, Mairiporã; Miracatu, Perus, +São Francisco Xavier +, +São Paulo and Ubatuba +( +Fig. 34 +). + + + + +Redescription + + +See the detailed redescription in +Carvalho and Kury (2020: 88–98) +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/03/DE/87/03DE87D4FFCBFFABFF7EE8ECFD7043B1.xml b/data/03/DE/87/03DE87D4FFCBFFABFF7EE8ECFD7043B1.xml index 917dbce8479..9cd21f9e339 100644 --- a/data/03/DE/87/03DE87D4FFCBFFABFF7EE8ECFD7043B1.xml +++ b/data/03/DE/87/03DE87D4FFCBFFABFF7EE8ECFD7043B1.xml @@ -1,43 +1,44 @@ - - - -Revision of the genus Eulichas Jacobson, 1913 (Coleoptera: Eulichadidae) I. Introduction, morphology of adults, key to subgenera and species groups, and taxonomy of E. funebris species group + + + +Revision of the genus Eulichas Jacobson, 1913 (Coleoptera: Eulichadidae) I. Introduction, morphology of adults, key to subgenera and species groups, and taxonomy of E. funebris species group - - -Author + + +Author -Hájek, Ji Ř Í +Hájek, Ji Ř Í -text - - -Zootaxa +text + + +Zootaxa - -2007 - -1620 + +2007 + +1620 - -1 -35 + +1 +35 -journal article -10.5281/zenodo.179178 -17f410e9-6eb7-4463-88a2-918e50395966 -1175-5326 -179178 +journal article +48959 +10.5281/zenodo.179178 +17f410e9-6eb7-4463-88a2-918e50395966 +1175-5326 +179178 - + The - + Eulichas milleri species complex