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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.55.11482" ID-GBIF-Dataset="310c95ad-8bf1-4955-acfb-c1368c0222a7" ID-GBIF-Taxon="128834712" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2607-55-139" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FFF5667EAD5E7A6FFFEC2B6CFFB7D800" ID-ZBK="0E1B0A14F8714CD89F2910B255677621" ID-Zenodo-Dep="575140" ID-ZooBank="0E1B0A14F8714CD89F2910B255677621" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2017" ModsDocID="1314-2607-55-139" ModsDocOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 55" ModsDocTitle="Biting the bullet: revisionary notes on the Oraseminae of the Old World (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Eucharitidae)" checkinTime="1493464749952" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Burks, Roger A., Heraty, John M., Mottern, Jason, Dominguez, Chrysalyn &amp; Heacox, Scott" docDate="2017" docId="B18D118733275C8C398D12ADFC6F7312" docLanguage="en" docName="JourHymenoptRes 55: 139-188" docOrigin="Journal of Hymenoptera Research 55" docPubDate="2017-04-28" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.55.11482" docTitle="Zuparka monomoria Burks &amp; Heraty &amp; Mottern &amp; Dominguez &amp; Heacox 2017, comb. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="FFF5667EAD5E7A6FFFEC2B6CFFB7D800" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="184" masterDocId="FFF5667EAD5E7A6FFFEC2B6CFFB7D800" masterDocTitle="Biting the bullet: revisionary notes on the Oraseminae of the Old World (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Eucharitidae)" masterLastPageNumber="188" masterPageNumber="139" pageId="42" pageNumber="181" updateTime="1643484763995" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Biting the bullet: revisionary notes on the Oraseminae of the Old World (Hymenoptera, Chalcidoidea, Eucharitidae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Burks, Roger A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Heraty, John M.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">john.heraty@ucr.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Mottern, Jason</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521 &amp; USDA Systematic Entomology Laboratory, Washington, DC 20013 - 7012</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Dominguez, Chrysalyn</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Heacox, Scott</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Entomology, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Journal of Hymenoptera Research</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2017</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2017-04-28</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>55</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>139</mods:start>
<mods:end>188</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.55.11482</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/jhr.55.11482</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2607-55-139</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">0E1B0A14F8714CD89F2910B255677621</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FFF5667EAD5E7A6FFFEC2B6CFFB7D800</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">575140</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<subSection lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="184" pageId="42" pageNumber="181" type="materials_methods">
<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="128834712" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B18D118733275C8C398D12ADFC6F7312" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B18D118733275C8C398D12ADFC6F7312" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="184" pageId="42" pageNumber="181">
<subSubSection pageId="42" pageNumber="181" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="181">
<taxonomicName LSID="B18D1187-3327-5C8C-398D-12ADFC6F7312" authority="(Heraty)" authorityName="Burks &amp; Heraty &amp; Mottern &amp; Dominguez &amp; Heacox" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Burks &amp; Heraty &amp; Mottern &amp; Dominguez &amp; Heacox" baseAuthorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Zuparka" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zuparka monomoria" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monomoria" status="comb. n.">
<pageBreakToken pageId="42" pageNumber="181" start="start">Zuparka</pageBreakToken>
monomoria (Heraty)
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="42" pageNumber="181">comb. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 81–86" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figures 81 - 86. 81 - 84 Zuparka monomoria. Female: 81 head, frontal 82 mesosoma, lateral 83 habitus, lateral 84 head and mesosoma, dorsal 85 unknown male Oraseminae, Australia: UCRCENT 00238798 (couplet 10) 86 unknown male Oraseminae, Australia: UCRCENT 00241816 (couplet 15)." figureDoi="10.3897/jhr.55.11482.figures81-86" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/134128" pageId="42" pageNumber="181">Figs 81-84</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="43" pageNumber="182" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="182">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Burks &amp; Heraty &amp; Mottern &amp; Dominguez &amp; Heacox" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Burks &amp; Heraty &amp; Mottern &amp; Dominguez &amp; Heacox" baseAuthorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Orasema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Orasema monomoria" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="182" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monomoria" status="comb. n.">
<pageBreakToken pageId="43" pageNumber="182" start="start">Orasema</pageBreakToken>
monomoria
</taxonomicName>
Heraty, 2000: 376-378.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="43" pageNumber="182" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="182">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="182">Frons weakly coriaceous. Scutellum evenly rounded anterior to frenum. Propodeal disc laterally weakly sculptured.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="43" pageNumber="182" type="discussion">
<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="182">Discussion.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="182">Previously described from a single female that had recently emerged. The new material examined fits the description of the single female.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="43" pageNumber="182" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="182">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="182">Madagascar.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="184" pageId="43" pageNumber="182" type="holotype">
<paragraph pageId="43" pageNumber="182">Holotype.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="184" pageId="43" pageNumber="182">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="182">Madagascar: Fianarantsoa Prov.</emphasis>
: Res. Andringitra, 8.5 km SE of Antanitotsy, 1990m,
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="10" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="00" value="-22.166666">22°10'00&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="46" direction="east" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="00" value="46.966667">46°58'00&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 6.iii.1997, Sylvian, montane rainforest [1♀, UCRC: UCRCENT00417370].
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="182">Additional material examined: Madagascar</emphasis>
: Majunga Ampijoroa National Park, 160 km N of Maevatanana on RN 04, 43m,
<geoCoordinate degrees="16" direction="south" minutes="19" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="10" value="-16.319445">16°19'10&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="46" direction="east" minutes="48" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="48" value="46.81333">46°48'48&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rin’ha">Rin'ha</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Harin’Hala">Harin'Hala</normalizedToken>
, deciduous forest, Malaise trap [1♀, CASC: UCRCENT00417389].
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="182">Antananarivo Prov.</emphasis>
: 3km 41d NE Andranomay, 1300m,
<geoCoordinate degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="28" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="24" value="-18.473333">18°28'24&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="47" direction="east" minutes="57" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="36" value="47.96">47°57'36&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 5-13.xii.2000, Fisher, Griswold, et al. CASC, montane rainforest, Malaise trap [1♂, CASC: UCRCENT00278242]. Ankokoy Forest, 3 km E of Ibity, 1700m,
<geoCoordinate degrees="20" direction="south" minutes="04" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="03" value="-20.067501">20°04'03&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="46" direction="east" minutes="59" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="58" value="46.999443">46°59'58&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 12-22.xii.2008, M.Irwin, R.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Harin’Hala">Harin'Hala</normalizedToken>
, Uapaca forest, Malaise trap [1♀, CASC: UCRCENT00352446].
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="182">Antsiranana Prov.</emphasis>
: Parc National Montagne
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Ambre">d'Ambre</normalizedToken>
, 960m,
<geoCoordinate degrees="12" direction="south" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="52" value="-12.514444">12°30'52&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="49" direction="east" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="53" value="49.18139">49°10'53&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 4-19.iii.2001, 5-21.iv.2001, R.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Harin’">Harin'</normalizedToken>
Hala, Malaise trap [3♀, CASC: CASENT02015482, CASENT02015484, CASENT02015487].
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="182">Diego Suarez</emphasis>
: PN Montange
<normalizedToken originalValue="d’Ambra">d'Ambra</normalizedToken>
, 960m,
<geoCoordinate degrees="12" direction="south" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="52" value="-12.514444">12°30'52&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="49" direction="east" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="53" value="49.18139">49°10'53&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 21-26.i.2001, M.E. Irwin, E.I. Schlinger &amp; R.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Harin‘Hala">Harin'Hala</normalizedToken>
, Malaise trap [1?, CASC: UCRCENT00417358].
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="182">Fianarantsoa Prov</emphasis>
.: Miandritsara Forest, 40 km S Ambositra, 825m,
<geoCoordinate degrees="20" direction="south" minutes="47" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="34" value="-20.792778">20°47'34&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="47" direction="east" minutes="10" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="32" value="47.175556">47°10'32&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 28.xii.2006-4.i.2007, M. Irwin, R.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Harin’Hala">Harin'Hala</normalizedToken>
, low altitude rainforest, Malaise trap [1♀, CASC: CASENT02174550].
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Orasema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="near" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="182" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="near">near</taxonomicName>
Isalo National Park, at stream E of Interpretive Cntr., 750m,
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="37" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="36" value="-22.626667">22°37'36&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="45" direction="east" minutes="21" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="29" value="45.358055">45°21'29&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 7-17.v.2003, R.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Harin’">Harin'</normalizedToken>
Hala, mixed tropical forest, Malaise trap in open area [1♀, CASC: UCRCENT00417378]. Parc Nacional Ranomafana, Belle Vue at Talatalely, 1020m,
<geoCoordinate degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="59" value="-21.266388">21°15'59&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="47" direction="east" minutes="25" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="13" value="47.42028">47°25'13&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 22.xi.2001, 6-12.xii.2001, 28.xi-6.xii.2001, 19-26.ii.2002, 10-14.i.2002, 12-19.ii.2002, 23-28.iv.2002, 5-13.v.2002, 15-22.xi.2002, 16-26.ii.2003, 26.ii-10.iii.2003, 10-21.iii.2003, 28.v-6.vi.2003, R.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Harin’">Harin'</normalizedToken>
Hala, secondary forest, Malaise [4♂ 21♀, CASC: CASENT02174558-60, CASENT02174556, CASENT02174592, CASENT02174594-97, UCRCENT00417360; UCRC: UCRCENT00417481, UCRCENT00417495-96, UCRCENT00417503, UCRCENT00417514, UCRCENT00417531-33, UCRCENT00417535, UCRCENT00417390-93]. Parc National Ranomafana, JIRAMA water works, 690m,
<geoCoordinate degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="14" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="55" value="-21.248611">21°14'55&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="47" direction="east" minutes="27" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="08" value="47.452225">47°27'08&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 28.i-4.ii.2002, R.Harin Hala,
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Orasema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="near" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="182" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="near">near</taxonomicName>
river, Malaise Trap [1♀, CASC: CASENT02174591]. Parc National Ranomafana, radio tower at forest edge, 1130m,
<geoCoordinate degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="03" value="-21.250834">21°15'03&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="47" direction="east" minutes="24" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="26" value="47.407223">47°24'26&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 14-21.i.2002, 28.i-4.ii.2002, 4-12.ii.2002, 7-17.v.2003, 7-18.vi.2003, 27.vi-7.vii.2003, R.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Harin’">Harin'</normalizedToken>
Hala, mixed tropical forest, Malaise trap [14♀ 3♂, CASC: UCRCENT00417467, UCRCENT00417371-77,
<pageBreakToken pageId="44" pageNumber="183" start="start">UCRCENT</pageBreakToken>
00417379-85, UCRCENT00417387, UCRCENT00417530]. Parc National Ranomafana, Vohiparara at broken bridge, 1110m,
<geoCoordinate degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="13" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="34" value="-21.226112">21°13'34&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="47" direction="east" minutes="22" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="11" value="47.36972">47°22'11&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 6-15.xii.2001, 14-21.i.2002, 21-28.i.2002, 4-12.ii.2002, 19-26.ii.2002, 6-15.v.2002, M. Irwin and R.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Harin’Hala">Harin'Hala</normalizedToken>
, high altitude rain forest, Malaise trap [5♂ 9♀ 3?, CAS: CASENT02174562, CASENT02174583, CASENT02174587-89; UCRC: UCRCENT00417508, UCRCENT00417511-12, UCRCENT00417525-29, UC
<pageBreakToken pageId="45" pageNumber="184" start="start">RCENT</pageBreakToken>
00417534, UCRCENT00417465-66, UCRCENT00417468]. Parc National Ranomafanae, radio tower at forest edge, 1130m,
<geoCoordinate degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="03" value="-21.250834">21°15'03&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="47" direction="east" minutes="24" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="26" value="47.407223">47°24'26&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 12-19.ii.2002, R.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Harin’Hala">Harin'Hala</normalizedToken>
, mixed tropical forest, Malaise trap [2♂ 1♀, CASC: UCRCENT00417443, UCRCENT00417501-02]. Parc National Ranomafanae, radio tower at forest edge, 1130m,
<geoCoordinate degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="03" value="-21.250834">21°15'03&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="47" direction="east" minutes="24" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="26" value="47.407223">47°24'26&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 21-28.i.2002, 4-12.iii.2002, 12-19.iii.2002, 27.ii-9.iii.2003, 20.iii-3.iv.2003, 15-27.iv.2003, 24.v-4.vi.2002, 6-17.vii.2003, R.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Harin’Hala">Harin'Hala</normalizedToken>
, mixed tropical forest, Malaise trap [6♂ 7♀ 1?, CASC: CASENT02174580-81, UCRCENT00417441, UCRCENT00417488, UCRCENT00417491; UCRCENT00417493-94, UCRCENT00417498, UCRCENT00417504-07, UCRCENT00417536, UCRCENT00417554]. Ranomafana National Park Talatakely area, 900m,
<geoCoordinate degrees="21" direction="south" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="02" value="-21.250555">21°15'02&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="47" direction="east" minutes="25" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="10" value="47.419445">47°25'10&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 9-19.i.2001, D.H. &amp; K.M. Kavanaugh, R.L. Brett, E. Elsom, F. Vargas, mixed tropical forest, flight intercept trap [1♀, CASC: UCRCENT00417347]. Res. Andringitra, 8.5 km SE of Antanitotsy, 1990m,
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="south" minutes="10" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="00" value="-22.166666">22°10'00&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="46" direction="east" minutes="58" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="00" value="46.966667">46°58'00&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 6.iii.1997, Sylvian, montane rainforest [1♀ 1?, UCRC: UCRCENT00412588-89].
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="184">Toamasina Prov.</emphasis>
: bot. garden
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Orasema" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="near" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="184" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="near">near</taxonomicName>
entrance to Andasibe National Park, 1025m,
<geoCoordinate degrees="18" direction="south" minutes="55" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="35" value="-18.926388">18°55'35&quot;S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="48" direction="east" minutes="24" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="28" value="48.40778">48°24'28&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
, 16-23.xi.2001, R.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Harin’Hala">Harin'Hala</normalizedToken>
, tropical forest, Malaise Trap [1♂, CASC: UCRCENT00417494].
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="989717" doi="10.3897/jhr.55.11482.figures81-86" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/134128" pageId="45" pageNumber="184" start="Figures 81–86" startId="F17">
<paragraph pageId="45" pageNumber="184">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="184">Figures 81-86.</emphasis>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="184">81-84</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authority="Heraty &amp; Burks, 2017" authorityName="Burks &amp; Heraty &amp; Mottern &amp; Dominguez &amp; Heacox" authorityYear="2017" baseAuthorityName="Burks &amp; Heraty &amp; Mottern &amp; Dominguez &amp; Heacox" baseAuthorityYear="2017" class="Insecta" family="Eucharitidae" genus="Zuparka" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Zuparka monomoria" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="184" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="monomoria">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="184">Zuparka monomoria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Female:
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="184">81</emphasis>
head, frontal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="184">82</emphasis>
mesosoma, lateral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="184">83</emphasis>
habitus, lateral
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="184">84</emphasis>
head and mesosoma, dorsal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="184">85</emphasis>
unknown male
<taxonomicName authorityName="Burks" authorityYear="1979" lsidName="" pageId="45" pageNumber="184" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Oraseminae">Oraseminae</taxonomicName>
, Australia: UCRCENT00238798 (couplet 10)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="184">86</emphasis>
unknown male
<taxonomicName authorityName="Burks" authorityYear="1979" lsidName="" pageId="45" pageNumber="184" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Oraseminae">Oraseminae</taxonomicName>
, Australia: UCRCENT00241816 (couplet 15).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</subSection>
</document>

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<document id="10CB14C1BC960CD5F241F592D4C54F10" ENCODING="UTF-8" ID-CLB-Dataset="21556" ID-DOI="10.5281/zenodo.3931989" ID-GBIF-Dataset="751112f9-dacb-4aa7-b6dd-94b531bd95b7" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3931989" checkinTime="1594063508482" checkinUser="admin" docAuthor="Linnaeus, Carolus" docDate="1753" docId="B18D143FF85DF0F06F84CBFBA1AA2A0D" docLanguage="en" docName="Linnaeus1753Treatments.xml" docOrigin="Stockholm: Laurentius Salvius" docSource="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.669" docTitle="Rhus radicans Linnaeus, 1753, spec. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="266" masterDocId="B60E6E2598A5F0FB2905D223E4672698" masterDocTitle="Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas" pageNumber="266" updateTime="1710908005168" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="9054484812B0FFBB1EB1B3599C0523CB">Species plantarum: exhibentes plantas rite cognitas, ad genera relatas, cum differentiis specificis, nominibus trivialibus, synonymis selectis, locis natalibus, secundum systema sexuale digestas</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="5BA34D1CAE2A2A7A78CDA7FDDD8CF5BA">Linnaeus, Carolus</mods:namePart>
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<treatment id="B18D143FF85DF0F06F84CBFBA1AA2A0D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4354895" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164948001" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4354895" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B18D143FF85DF0F06F84CBFBA1AA2A0D" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B18D143FF85DF0F06F84CBFBA1AA2A0D" lastPageNumber="266" pageNumber="266">
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<taxonomicName id="7BBC13EA9076DC8570ED898749E6D370" ID-CoL="5KX93" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Rhus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="radicans" status="spec. nov.">Rhus radicans</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="571E78673EAAC24860342E6DFFF3D8B2" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<paragraph id="1F8EF2692192D024A76B6C0CF9F5EF5E" pageNumber="266">
6. Rhus foliis ternatis: foliolis petiolatis ovatis nudis integerrimis, caule radicante.
<emphasis id="78F7B12825E979237492763ED4894ADB" italics="true">Hort. cliff. 110. Gron. virg. 33. Roy. lugdb. 244.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="34D8331B73A9C01DB9B14719F7AF471B" pageNumber="266">
Hedera trifolia canadensis.
<emphasis id="C1A9D850EBF4D7E7F31E41BBA4B16D74" italics="true">Corn. canad. 96. t.97. Barr. ic. 228.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B9C28B6F2784CBB6021FD08064699E19" pageNumber="266">
β. Toxicodendron amplexicaule, foliis minoribus glabris.
<emphasis id="4277E1496EE79012A852F3A71A47A627" italics="true">Dill. elth. 390.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D362F6B7BC4C3B786A70A1F3BC3F7E01" pageNumber="266">
γ. Toxicodendron rectum, foliis minoribus glabris.
<emphasis id="9CB3A967D09DA5C77B458776804FF7CE" italics="true">Dill. elth. 389. t.291. f.375.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="3912C28E2EDA6093D123001A62F35210" pageNumber="266">
<emphasis id="F1B726274CD711434E176BEF165AF34C" italics="true">Habitat in</emphasis>
Virginia
<emphasis id="FB0DAE580B21D4039A9B42609253CBFD" italics="true">,</emphasis>
Canada
<emphasis id="E79CDE4A8605BCF6FCDFC5BA93D2FF70" italics="true">. ♄</emphasis>
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
</document>

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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/C5724C7A-F8A6-4E6F-9F34-8B08DB3E99DB" authority="Fisher &amp; Dowling" class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Torrenticola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torrenticola kringi" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kringi">Torrenticola kringi Fisher &amp; Dowling</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="1">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
HOLOTYPE (♀): from USA, Texas, Tyler County, Spurger; beside Farm Road 1013, 8.2 km west of Rt. 92, (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="30.694721">30°41'41&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-94.254166">94°15'15&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
), 30 September 1994, by IM Smith, IMS940027A.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
PARATYPES (4 ♀; 5 ♂): Texas, USA: 1 ♂ (ALLOTYPE) from Tyler County, Spurger; beside Farm Road 1013, 8.2 km west of Rt. 92, (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="30.694721">30°41'41&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-94.254166">94°15'15&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
), 30 September 1994, by IM Smith, IMS940027A
<normalizedToken originalValue="•">*</normalizedToken>
4 ♀ and 4 ♂ from Tyler, Spurger; beside Farm Road 1013, 8.2 km west of Rt. 92, (
<geoCoordinate direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="15" value="30.694721">30°41'41&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="15" value="-94.254166">94°15'15&quot;W</geoCoordinate>
), 30 September 1994, by IM Smith, IMS940027A.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="type deposition">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Type deposition.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Holotype (♀), allotype (♂), and some paratypes (2 ♀; 2 ♂) deposited in the CNC; other paratypes (2 ♀; 2 ♂) deposited in the ACUA.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Torrenticola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torrenticola kringi" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kringi">Torrenticola kringi</taxonomicName>
are similar to other members of the Tricolor Complex (
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. bittikoferae" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="bittikoferae">T. bittikoferae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. hoosieri" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="hoosieri">T. hoosieri</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. larvata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="larvata">T. larvata</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. pearsoni" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="pearsoni">T. pearsoni</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. olliei" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="olliei">T. olliei</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. sierrensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="sierrensis">T. sierrensis</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. tricolor" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tricolor">T. tricolor</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. trimaculata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="trimaculata">T. trimaculata</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. unimaculata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="unimaculata">T. unimaculata</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. cardia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cardia">T. cardia</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. dimorpha" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="dimorpha">T. dimorpha</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. mohawk" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="mohawk">T. mohawk</taxonomicName>
) in having a short, conical rostrum.
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. kringi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="kringi">T. kringi</taxonomicName>
can be differentiated from most
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Torrenticola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torrenticola" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Torrenticola</taxonomicName>
, including other members of the Tricolor Complex, by having a distinct dorsal pattern of a large anterior dorsal spot. The only other species with this pattern is
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. ululata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="ululata">T. ululata</taxonomicName>
, which, like all
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Rusetria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rusetria" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Rusetria</taxonomicName>
2-Plates, have anterio-lateral platelets fused to the dorsal plate and
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. unimaculata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="unimaculata">T. unimaculata</taxonomicName>
, which has a stockier rostrum (length/width = 2.6-3.2 in
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. kringi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="kringi">T. kringi</taxonomicName>
, 1.9-2.2 in
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. unimaculata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="unimaculata">T. unimaculata</taxonomicName>
).
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. kringi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="kringi">T. kringi</taxonomicName>
are most similar to other members of the Tricolor Complex that have bold patterning (
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. larvata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="larvata">T. larvata</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. tricolor" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="tricolor">T. tricolor</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. trimaculata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="trimaculata">T. trimaculata</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. unimaculata" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="unimaculata">T. unimaculata</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. cardia" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="cardia">T. cardia</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. mohawk" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="mohawk">T. mohawk</taxonomicName>
).
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. kringi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="kringi">T. kringi</taxonomicName>
can be further differentiated from all other members of the Tricolor Complex by having a more elongate rostrum (length/width = 2.67-3.13 in
<taxonomicName lsidName="T. kringi" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" rank="species" species="kringi">T. kringi</taxonomicName>
, 1.29-2.59).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Female (Figure 118) (n = 5) (holotype measurements in parentheses when available) with characters of the genus with following specifications.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dorsum - (550-580 (580) long; 460-500 (490) wide) circular with coloration restricted to a single dark spot anteriorly (occasionally extending medially), with an orange spot posterior to the dark spot. Anterio-medial platelets (125-145 (145) long; 60-70 (70) wide). Anterio-lateral platelets (160-185 (185) long; 65-75 (75) wide) free to dorsal plate. Dgl-4 much closer to the edge of the dorsum than to the muscle scars (distance between Dgl-4 335-365 (350)). Dorsal plate proportions: dorsum length/width 1.15-1.20 (1.18); dorsal width/distance between Dgl-4 1.26-1.46 (1.40); anterio-medial platelet length/width 2.00-2.25 (2.07); anterio-lateral platelet length/width 2.29-2.69 (2.47); anterio-lateral/anterio-medial length 1.19-1.40 (1.28).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gnathosoma - Subcapitulum (290-302.5 (300) long (ventral); 215-227.5 (227.5) long (dorsal); 117.5-125 (125) tall) colorless. Rostrum (120-130 (125) long; 40-45 (42.5) wide). Chelicerae (275-300 (290) long) with curved fangs (50-55 (50) long). Subcapitular proportions: ventral length/height 2.34-2.47 (2.40); rostrum length/width 2.67-3.13 (2.94). Pedipalps with tuberculate ventral extensions on femora and genua. Palpomeres: trochanter (40-42.5 (41.25) long); femur (107.5-112.5 (112.5) long); genu (72.5-77.5 (77.5) long); tibia (91.25-97.5 (96.25) long; 27.5-28.75 (28.75) wide); tarsus (25-26.25 (25) long). Palpomere proportions: femur/genu 1.43-1.48 (1.45); tibia/femur 0.85-0.89 (0.86); tibia length/width 3.32-3.55 (3.35).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Venter - (630-690 (680) long; 500-530 (525) wide) colorless. Gnathosomal bay (132.5-152.5 (145) long; 75-82.5 (82.5) wide). Cxgl-4 subapical. Medial suture (22.5-30 (30) long). Genital plates (165-180 (180) long; 150-160 (160) wide). Additional measurements: Cx-1 (240-270 (270) long (total); 110-130 (130) long (medial)); Cx-3 (320-345 (345) wide); anterior venter (145-170 (170) long). Ventral proportions: gnathosomal bay length/width 1.67-1.94 (1.76); anterior venter/genital field length 0.85-0.97 (0.94); anterior venter length/genital field width 0.92-1.07 (1.06); anterior venter/medial suture 5.17-6.44 (5.67).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Male (Figure 119) (n = 5) (allotypic measurements in parentheses when available) with characters of the genus with following specifications.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Dorsum - (480-560 (510) long; 395-465 (420) wide) circular with coloration restricted to a single dark spot anteriorly (occasionally extending medially), with an orange spot posterior to the dark spot. Anterio-medial platelets (110-130 (117.5) long; 52.5-65 (57.5) wide). Anterio-lateral platelets (140-170 (150) long; 50-75 (60) wide) free from dorsal plate. Dgl-4 much closer to the edge of the dorsum than to the muscle scars (distance between Dgl-4 285-350 (315)). Dorsal plate proportions: dorsum length/width 1.19-1.30 (1.21); dorsal width/distance between Dgl-4 1.29-1.39 (1.33); anterio-medial platelet length/width 1.96-2.27 (2.04); anterio-lateral platelet length/width 2.27-2.80 (2.50); anterio-lateral/anterio-medial length 1.27-1.31 (1.28).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Gnathosoma - Subcapitulum (240-275 (260) long (ventral); 177.5-210 (195) long (dorsal); 90-105 (100) tall) colorless. Rostrum (100-115 (110) long; 35-40 (37.5) wide). Chelicerae (225-270 (260) long) with curved fangs (45-50 (50) long). Subcapitular proportions: ventral length/height 2.55-2.75 (2.60); rostrum length/width 2.81-2.93 (2.93). Pedipalps with tuberculate ventral extensions on femora and genua. Palpomeres: trochanter (35-38.75 (37.5) long); femur (85-101.25 (97.5) long); genu (60-71.25 (67.5) long); tibia (70-82.5 (77.5) long; 23.75-27.5 (26.25) wide); tarsus (22.5-25 (23.75) long). Palpomere proportions: femur/genu 1.36-1.44 (1.44); tibia/femur 0.79-0.87 (0.79); tibia length/width 2.95-3.14 (2.95).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Venter - (590-695 (640) long; 440-510 (470) colorless. Gnathosomal bay (100-130 (115) long; 62.5-77.5 (75) wide). Cxgl-4 subapical. Medial suture (85-100 (85) long). Genital plates (115-130 (125) long; 95-105 (100) wide). Additional measurements: Cx-1 (220-270 (250) long (total); 120-150 (145) long (medial)); Cx-3 (275-325 (305) wide); anterior venter (220-255 (240) long). Ventral proportions: gnathosomal bay length/width 1.53-1.79 (1.53); anterior venter/genital field length 1.87-1.96 (1.92); anterior venter length/genital field width 2.32-2.43 (2.40); anterior venter/medial suture 2.44-2.83 (2.82).</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Immatures unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Specific epithet (
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Arrenuridae" genus="Lebertioidea" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lebertioidea kringi" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kringi">kringi</taxonomicName>
) named in honor of Tim Kring, Department Head of Entomology at Virginia Tech, who was a member of
<normalizedToken originalValue="JRF’s">JRF's</normalizedToken>
Ph.D. committee. His friendship, humor, advice, and student-focused approach has been a great influence to JRF.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Eastern Texas (Figure 117).</paragraph>
<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Figure 117.
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Torrenticola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torrenticola kringi" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kringi">Torrenticola kringi</taxonomicName>
sp. n. distribution.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Figure 118.
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Torrenticola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torrenticola kringi" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kringi">Torrenticola kringi</taxonomicName>
sp. n. female: A dorsal plates B venter (legs removed) C subcapitulum D pedipalp (setae not accurately depicted). Scale = 100
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Figure 119.
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Torrenticola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torrenticola kringi" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kringi">Torrenticola kringi</taxonomicName>
sp. n. male: A dorsal plates B venter (legs removed) C subcapitulum D pedipalp (setae not accurately depicted). Scale = 100
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="1" type="remarks">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="1">
Unfortunately, we were unable to acquire fresh material of
<taxonomicName class="Arachnida" family="Torrenticolidae" genus="Torrenticola" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Torrenticola kringi" order="Trombidiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="1" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kringi">Torrenticola kringi</taxonomicName>
and therefore this species is not included in our phylogenetic analyses. However, we were able to examine morphology with material preserved in GAW. The overall similarity, conical rostrum that is downturned in males, and distribution, are consistent with placing this species in the Tricolor Complex and among eastern members of the Tricolor Identification Group.
</paragraph>
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Current name:
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<mods:namePart id="478DCE8D5F0CED7944611389DF4A6A93">Faltynkova, Anna</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="9C36381165288924FC7F29E5F0A68787" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3013-5881</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="8A1B9D2C2CF81ACA10DB69E7C6EF2E94">Mendel University in Brno, Brno, Czech Republic</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="CD99B8353D31576AE5A99770C8E38C06" type="personal">
<mods:role id="157C4E831C44250401448677DCB464CC">
<mods:roleTerm id="352E76A6A17F488FE4287B54765298BC">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="F39636F12227E7B4C5173B5ADF8ACAD9">Mumladze, Levan</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="5CAE9E0D8BEF511226991FFE3F9AD3EB" type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2172-6973</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="6C2D428088635AF7EF4BBE2255D8150D">Institute of Zoology, Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="9FC70946D73CEDD6AAAE9A40D18A1906">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo id="75DDD20BDAF744B2DC28D741096CFE95">
<mods:title id="56FEA8534559A48C84A0C4D85B578C06">Biodiversity Data Journal</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="E4071C903365CD1A1C4A429C45845164">
<mods:date id="1CD4CCD0B5C44B7F42E47DFF88B570D3">2024</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="B05645167638ADD55ADA79BB0CB3020D" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="012ADD4523AB9AF8DA0D036E79689422">2024-01-08</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="2F5CD471D5393CCE29A6C15F1E34C1D0" type="volume">
<mods:number id="58311F099E3A499640F77A92A1B63292">12</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent id="C4FAE07DEFCA4DF3F381325D3A8DCBC2" unit="page">
<mods:start id="12593447CE6096A3FEAED012FFDF265F">110201</mods:start>
<mods:end id="7170BD8F54553E2D3FD6D29236939755">110201</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
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<mods:location id="04E36FC4748E6FF41F99FEB85E97396C">
<mods:url id="03B025D97296E7692BAF0F09299F7125">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.12.e110201</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification id="BC36E91A0FD70F610CA72A12732C542A">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="C9F93BB6FFD3EAB781484C55C7DE372C" type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.12.e110201</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D0FB5669CF761CC9CD83E1C708476647" type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2828-12-e110201</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="D9B30BFD0DF2FD781727822139CEB53E" type="Pensoft-UUID">2E017986F1F55AB49BD4F0A41AB76F82</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="B18DF2FAAF545D3EA8F333B0D810482C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:B18DF2FAAF545D3EA8F333B0D810482C" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/B18DF2FAAF545D3EA8F333B0D810482C" lastPageNumber="110201" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201">
<subSubSection id="30813BFF9BB67F896A5EDBF4CFF3F570" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="69DD2367DA829D191FFA56673F863834" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201">
<taxonomicName id="7524AC1A54BAE0AE6227DB235D3896E1" ID-CoL="38LB3" LSID="B18DF2FA-AF54-5D3E-A8F3-33B0D810482C" authority="Dietz, 1909" authorityName="Dietz" authorityYear="1909" class="Trematoda" family="Echinostomatidae" genus="Echinostoma" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Echinostoma paraulum" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="paraulum">Echinostoma paraulum Dietz, 1909</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="36F493780BBBAACD452BAC46205C6C52" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" type="parasite of">
<paragraph id="14DB33A55BE4FFE2BC315C34F1041C18" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201">Parasite of</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EE11D5F2BBD8D783A52FF6976222B226" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201">
birds -
<taxonomicName id="D47E72885228B16B3C30781D2A19C983" class="Aves" family="Anatidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Anseriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Anatidae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="471D44400F23AB30DA96B4D9698E0BD3" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Trematoda" family="Diplodiscidae" genus="Anas" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anas clypeata" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="clypeata">
<emphasis id="1C345794D7B3F07E8BF281BC618B6224" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201">Anas clypeata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6ED98276BDD615DB8674E242F38FF587" class="Trematoda" family="Lecithodendriidae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. platyrhynchos" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="platyrhynchos">
<emphasis id="D59C496A30DA54573511D9EA294CA8BD" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201">A. platyrhynchos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9443463A7031FE93945CEE29280CF93E" class="Trematoda" family="Lecithodendriidae" form="domestica" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="A. platyrhynchos subsp. f." order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="form" species="platyrhynchos" subSpecies="f.">A. platyrhynchos f. domestica</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="0FDE7A509C560323C93F04CCFA5B3AA3" class="Trematoda" family="Azygiidae" form="domestica" genus="Anser" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Anser anser subsp. f." order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="form" species="anser" subSpecies="f.">Anser anser f. domestica</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="9A2DE1413D7AF09AE968FCED393C159E" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Trematoda" family="Allocreadiidae" genus="Aythya" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Aythya ferina" order="Plagiorchiida" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="ferina">
<emphasis id="5B23E046157E86E4AF58AAEF6635987E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201">Aythya ferina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="88FB5B25F11DA5328FFA0140A5576175" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Aves" family="Anatidae" genus="Cygnus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cygnus cygnus" order="Anseriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="cygnus">
<emphasis id="5FB496038263E66AA43488EB85A21BD8" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201">Cygnus cygnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="6862368C0EEB5D99DACF4D136B9F6C6E" baseAuthorityName="Pallas" baseAuthorityYear="1773" class="Aves" family="Anatidae" genus="Netta" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Netta rufina" order="Anseriformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="rufina">
<emphasis id="B7D50B9A83A8B66D47EE323016414FB3" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201">Netta rufina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="39BAEF7252C0D9CF9BC73AE399A72847" family="Columbidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Columbiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" phylum="Chordata" rank="family">Columbidae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="689486FB3F4A13E8F9AA52C6F59BB6B8" authorityName="J. F. Gmelin" authorityYear="1789" class="Aves" family="Columbidae" genus="Columba" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Columba livia" order="Columbiformes" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="livia">
<emphasis id="6A0D5D5CE78F8721A6302A7055C7AEEC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201">Columba livia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B55CD825A72E52E965E29D13904732E4" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201">
molluscs (intramolluscan stage) -
<taxonomicName id="D916E7B89C95C42C7DFBD82220C7EAB1" class="Gastropoda" family="Lymnaeidae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" phylum="Mollusca" rank="family">Lymnaeidae</taxonomicName>
:
<taxonomicName id="C6BF7F075122EE9F493D1409E6FD282A" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Gastropoda" family="Lymnaeidae" genus="Ampullaceana" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ampullaceana balthica" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="balthica">
<emphasis id="61C1DF1AA3C407256BADD621718FDF1E" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201">Ampullaceana balthica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="CDF2EF2775127F651AA73ED91710F5DC" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201">
<emphasis id="F7194EBFD7A9F5756A911BDC005BB490" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201">Site of infection</emphasis>
: hepatopancreas, intestine.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DD09362D3E3C077EF40CC0B4E426D30E" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="04AA108490F45B66045C8F34CBF54790" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph id="4C047695B67FA6176A720ABEA9883705" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201">
Occurring in Europe, Asia;
<emphasis id="94A0ADE569AE86A8041764233F483A05" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201">in Georgia</emphasis>
: EG: Gardabani, Sartichala, Tskhinvali; WG: Lanchkhuti, lowland of Rioni, Samtredia, surroundings of Poti, Tetritskaro, Zugdidi reported by
<bibRefCitation id="355A8D956B86453A8B4B083823098440" author="Kurashvili, B." journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Institute of Zoology of the Academy of Sciences of the Georgia SSR" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" pagination="37 - 80" refId="B9907780" refString="Kurashvili, B., 1950. Helmintofauna of hunting birds of Georgia and some regularity of its dynamics. Proceedings of the Institute of Zoology of the Academy of Sciences of the Georgia SSR 9: 37 - 80" title="Helmintofauna of hunting birds of Georgia and some regularity of its dynamics" volume="9" year="1950">Kurashvili (1950)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="57AFEA37EA8F72D8C5EB45BE2F0E186E" author="Kurashvili, B." journalOrPublisher="Proceedings of the Institute of Zoology of the Academy of Sciences of Georgia SSR" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" pagination="340 - 346" refId="B9901671" refString="Kurashvili, B., 1953. Fauna of helminths of hunting birds of Georgia. In: Proceedings on Helminthology for the 75th Anniversary of Academician K. Skryabin.: 340 - 346" title="Fauna of helminths of hunting birds of Georgia" volumeTitle="Proceedings on Helminthology for the 75 th Anniversary of Academician K. Skryabin." year="1953">Kurashvili (1953a)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="22C22A888077EB279C1574378180AA09" author="Chiaberashvili, E." journalOrPublisher="Moambe of Georgian Academy of Sciences" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" pagination="22 - 24" refId="B9905917" refString="Chiaberashvili, E., 1954. Some data on the development of echinostome worms in birds. Moambe of Georgian Academy of Sciences 15 (5): 22 - 24" title="Some data on the development of echinostome worms in birds" volume="15" year="1954">Chiaberashvili (1954)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="DC981086775B63AE03D6C2B63ECBED5B" author="Kurashvili, B." journalOrPublisher="Academy of Sciences of USSR, Moscow" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" refId="B9901680" refString="Kurashvili, B., 1957. Helminthes of hunting birds of Georgia, faunistic and ecological review. Academy of Sciences of USSR, Moscow" title="Helminthes of hunting birds of Georgia, faunistic and ecological review" year="1957">Kurashvili (1957)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="F8551367204487FE230DFADCA795DDAC" author="Kurashvili, B." journalOrPublisher="Academy of Sciences of the Georgia SSR, Tbilisi" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" refId="B9901907" refString="Kurashvili, B., 1961. Trematodes (Trematoda) of animals and humans of Georgia. Academy of Sciences of the Georgia SSR, Tbilisi" title="Trematodes (Trematoda) of animals and humans of Georgia" year="1961">Kurashvili (1961a)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="5E73E058E4B39D0782AE117AB73BF099" author="Japaridze, L." journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the Georgia SSR" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" pagination="41 - 46" refId="B9906475" refString="Japaridze, L., Savateeva, I., 1967. Helminth fauna of domestic birds of Georgia. In: Proceedings of Helminth Fauna of Animals and Plants of Georgia.: 41 - 46" title="Helminth fauna of domestic birds of Georgia" volumeTitle="Proceedings of Helminth Fauna of Animals and Plants of Georgia." year="1967">Japaridze and Savateeva (1967)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="1A41B916653FC961B0B6539D6C0F44DD" author="Chiaberashvili, E." journalOrPublisher="Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of the Georgia SSR" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" pagination="196 - 217" refId="B9906166" refString="Chiaberashvili, E., 1971. Fauna of larval forms of trematodes in freshwater mollusks and some data about their development cycles in the Samgori district (Georgia). In: Achievements of Veterinary Helminthology in Practice.: 196 - 217" title="Fauna of larval forms of trematodes in freshwater mollusks and some data about their development cycles in the Samgori district (Georgia)" volumeTitle="Achievements of Veterinary Helminthology in Practice." year="1971">Chiaberashvili (1971a)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="FE1D70C267AB6B5C38805BEB0EC09A14" author="Kurashvili, B." journalOrPublisher="Metsniereba, Tbilisi" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" refId="B9901747" refString="Kurashvili, B., Eliava Savateeva, I., Jafaridze, L., 1976. Helminths of domestic birds of Georgia. Metsniereba, Tbilisi" title="Helminths of domestic birds of Georgia" year="1976">Kurashvili et al. (1976)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="BE35B8848EF1590B6B52C1A34AA5464F" author="Kurashvili, B." journalOrPublisher="Metsniereba, Tbilisi" pageId="0" pageNumber="110201" refId="B9907887" refString="Kurashvili, B., 1984. Animal populations of typical biocenoses of Kolkheti lowland. Metsniereba, Tbilisi" title="Animal populations of typical biocenoses of Kolkheti lowland" year="1984">Kurashvili (1984b)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>