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<document id="D084924072489B57D9CC76566DC70A82" ID-DOI="10.1038/s42003-024-06678-5" ID-PMC="PMC11336256" ID-PubMed="39164382" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.metadata_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="tatiana" IM.treatments_approvedBy="tatiana" checkinTime="1724676213308" checkinUser="tatiana" docAuthor="Montagna, Matteo, Magoga, Giulia, Stockar, Rudolf &amp; Magnani, Fabio" docDate="2024" docId="03DE87BD9F25FF802780FB2489EEFD53" docLanguage="en" docName="CommunBiol.7.1-10.pdf" docOrigin="Communications biology 7 (1), No. 1023" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s42003-024-06678-5" docTitle="Magnicapitixyela dilettae Montagna, Magoga, Stockar &amp; Magnani, 2024, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="5" masterDocId="FFE7FFC59F26FF842717FF808C50FFEB" masterDocTitle="The contribution of the Middle Triassic fossil assemblage of Monte San Giorgio to insect evolution." masterLastPageNumber="10" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="4" updateTime="1724676958342" updateUser="tatiana" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-ND-4.0">
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<mods:title id="B1172594F5FCADB284CA7A3CF1EF2CBA">The contribution of the Middle Triassic fossil assemblage of Monte San Giorgio to insect evolution.</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="81EEB92AF0D5E6544246F08A67956C0C">Montagna, Matteo</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="67CF0C2724D514E088DA92F9F0D036BB">Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy &amp; Interuniversity Center for Studies on Bioinspired Agro-Environmental Technology (BAT Center), University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="0E9590EA4FDF7F29251CAD0134C83BA2">Magoga, Giulia</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="17D848C21B25EDC530C787D6A650F235">Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Italy</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="6C559A9D800957B783281541846F43FA">Stockar, Rudolf</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="5E123065B5C7601553FC3D85966E8AD9">Museo cantonale di storia naturale, Lugano, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E0DA2555CB585CCE0E30429E214760E1">Magnani, Fabio</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="FF1E39622B3B505DA8510B25EA3175A2">Museo cantonale di storia naturale, Lugano, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:date id="B83041368E5A3389151FE1A96C333FFC">2024</mods:date>
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<subSubSection id="C36D65209F25FF872780FB248EE9FB52" box="[151,697,1188,1210]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BC836AB9F25FF872780FB248EE9FB52" blockId="3.[106,787,132,1982]" box="[151,697,1188,1210]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C774D289F25FF872780FB248D2BFB52" authorityName="Montagna &amp; Magoga &amp; Stockar &amp; Magnani" authorityYear="2024" box="[151,379,1188,1209]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Magnicapitixyela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dilettae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F25FF872780FB248D2BFB52" box="[151,379,1188,1209]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Magnicapitixyela dilettae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23057C29F25FF872696FB258DE3FB51" box="[385,435,1189,1210]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Montagna M. &amp; Magoga G.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36D65209F25FF872780FB418D3CFB18" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BC836AB9F25FF872780FB418D3CFB18" blockId="3.[106,787,132,1982]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Code Zoobank: LSID urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:0C78D2B1-A392- 49A6-8C92-FE606E044476.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36D65209F25FF872780FB7A8E9CFAC6" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BC836AB9F25FF872780FB7A8E9CFAC6" blockId="3.[106,787,132,1982]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Etymology: Specific epithet
<taxonomicName id="4C774D289F25FF872686FB7A8D83FAE4" authorityName="Montagna &amp; Magoga &amp; Stockar &amp; Magnani" authorityYear="2024" box="[401,467,1274,1295]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Magnicapitixyela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dilettae">
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F25FF872686FB7A8D83FAE4" box="[401,467,1274,1295]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">dilettae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is derived from the prosoponym of the first author daughter Diletta, to whom the species is dedicated.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36D65209F25FF872780FAB38F5FF9C5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BC836AB9F25FF872780FAB38E83FA69" blockId="3.[106,787,132,1982]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Material:
<taxonomicName id="4C774D289F25FF8727F8FAB48D00FAA3" authorityName="Montagna &amp; Magoga &amp; Stockar &amp; Magnani" authorityYear="2024" box="[239,336,1331,1353]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Magnicapitixyela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dilettae">
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F25FF8727F8FAB48D00FAA3" box="[239,336,1331,1353]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">M. dilettae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<materialsCitation id="3B1F3CF69F25FF87264CFAB38D18FA8D" collectionCode="MCSN" country="Switzerland" latitude="45.890556" location="Val Mara near Meride" longLatPrecision="18" longitude="8.946944" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" specimenCode="MCSN 8678" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Upper Kalkschieferzone member of Meride Limestone Formation" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54CC88099F25FF87264CFAB38DFBFAA2" box="[347,427,1331,1353]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">holotype</typeStatus>
<specimenCode id="DBD19ED09F25FF8726A7FAB38E74FAA2" box="[432,548,1331,1353]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">MCSN 8678</specimenCode>
, an almost complete
<specimenCount id="9D71FD229F25FF8725F2FAB38F42FAA2" box="[741,786,1331,1353]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="male">male</specimenCount>
specimen (
<figureCitation id="134C2A2E9F25FF8727D9FAD08D65FA8D" box="[206,309,1360,1382]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[106,135,1700,1719]" captionTargetBox="[245,1359,887,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-203@2.[241,1361,885,1677]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 3 | Representatives of holometabolous insects. A Magnicapitixyela dilettae (Hymenoptera, Xyelidae), MCSN 8678. B Merithone laetitiae (Neuropterida, †Permithonidae), MCSN 8679 (19). Coleoptera: MCSN 8691, Archostemata (C); MCSN 8692, Archostemata (D); MCSN 8681, Adephaga (E); MCSN 8693, Polyphaga (F). Scale bars: AD, 1 mm; E, F 200 µm." pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 3A, S</figureCitation>
7)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B1F3CF69F25FF872644FAD08E83FA69" collectionCode="MCSN" country="Switzerland" latitude="45.890556" location="Val Mara near Meride" longLatPrecision="18" longitude="8.946944" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" specimenCode="MCSN 8683" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Upper Kalkschieferzone member of Meride Limestone Formation" typeStatus="paratype">
and
<typeStatus id="54CC88099F25FF87266AFAD08D9DFA8E" box="[381,461,1360,1381]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">paratype</typeStatus>
<specimenCode id="DBD19ED09F25FF8726C3FAD08E1AFA8D" box="[468,586,1360,1382]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">MCSN 8683</specimenCode>
, a partially preserved phosphatized
<specimenCount id="9D71FD229F25FF8727FDFAEC8D77FA69" box="[234,295,1388,1410]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="female">female</specimenCount>
specimen (Fig. S8); both fossils in dorsal view.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC836AB9F25FF872780FA098D18FA33" blockId="3.[106,787,132,1982]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Type horizon:
<collectingRegion id="49B3F8499F25FF872609FA098C9CFA50" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Upper Kalkschieferzone member of Meride Limestone Formation</collectingRegion>
(transition interval to Archelaus and Regoledanus Ammonoid Zones; upper Ladinian).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC836AB9F25FF872780FA5F8DBEF9FA" blockId="3.[106,787,132,1982]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Type locality: VM12 site (
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,
<geoCoordinate id="EE43506C9F25FF872518FA5E8E25FA1E" box="[527,629,1502,1525]" degrees="8" direction="east" minutes="56" orientation="longitude" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" precision="15" seconds="49" value="8.946944">8°5649” E</geoCoordinate>
),
<location id="8EA860709F25FF872590FA5E8CFDF9FA" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DE87BD9F25FF802780FB2489EEFD53:8EA860709F25FF872590FA5E8CFDF9FA" country="Switzerland" latitude="45.890556" longLatPrecision="18" longitude="8.946944" name="Val Mara near Meride" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Val Mara near Meride</location>
(Monte San Giorgio,
<collectingCountry id="F360763B9F25FF872662FA7B8DB4F9FA" box="[373,484,1531,1553]" name="Switzerland" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Switzerland</collectingCountry>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC836AB9F25FF872780F9988F5FF9C5" blockId="3.[106,787,132,1982]" box="[151,783,1560,1582]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Repository: Museo cantonale di storia naturale, Lugano, Switzerland.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36D65209F25FF872780F9B48E3CF9A1" box="[151,620,1588,1610]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BC836AB9F25FF872780F9B48E3CF9A1" blockId="3.[106,787,132,1982]" box="[151,620,1588,1610]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Diagnosis: As for the genus, being the only species.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36D65209F25FF872780F9D18FC4FE5C" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BC836AB9F25FF872780F9D18FC4FE5C" blockId="3.[106,787,132,1982]" lastBlockId="3.[816,1498,132,1981]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Description (
<figureCitation id="134C2A2E9F25FF872603F9D18D2DF98D" box="[276,381,1617,1639]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[106,135,1700,1719]" captionTargetBox="[245,1359,887,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-203@2.[241,1361,885,1677]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 3 | Representatives of holometabolous insects. A Magnicapitixyela dilettae (Hymenoptera, Xyelidae), MCSN 8678. B Merithone laetitiae (Neuropterida, †Permithonidae), MCSN 8679 (19). Coleoptera: MCSN 8691, Archostemata (C); MCSN 8692, Archostemata (D); MCSN 8681, Adephaga (E); MCSN 8693, Polyphaga (F). Scale bars: AD, 1 mm; E, F 200 µm." pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 3A, S</figureCitation>
7, S8). Small sawfly with a body length of 7.8 mm (♂) and of 8.1 mm (♀), including the ovipositor. Abdomen width (at III urite level) = 2.6 mm. Head capsule (frons apexpost occipital sulcus) = 1.3 mm (♂) and 1 mm (♀), genagena margins = 2 mm (♂) and 1.7 mm (♀), eyes very large and three ocelli visible on the holotype (diameter of 0.26 mm) (Fig. S8B). Antennae poorly preserved, visible only the scape. Head capsule almost of the same width as the thorax, mesoscutum well-developed. Forewing almost totally preserved in the holotype (only partially visible on the paratype), with a length of ~ 5.3 mm and a width (at distal upper apex of pterostigma and 2cua distal lower apex) of 1.74 mm, wing length/width ratio = 3.05, tegula visible on the left forewing (Fig. S7). Pterostigma completely sclerotized, SC developed over the entire length, joining C approximately at RS base (Fig. S7). R sinuous, slightly dilated at RS base. 1-RS and RS + M are slightly longer than 1-M (~ 1.4 times) and 1-RS (~ 1.3 times), respectively. Angle between 1-RS and RS-M of forewings of 146°. M+CuA slightly concave until the split between M and CuA.1 A straight.Presence of cells 3r and 4r; cell 1 mcu ~ 3 times as long as high, distally dilatated; cell 2 rm wide, ~ 3 times as long as width.Hind wing only partially preserved. Legs partially preserved, mostly only femur and tibia are preserved; tarsus and tarsal claws visible on the paratype (Fig. S8). Abdomen almost completely preserved, with ten visible segments. The paratype preserves the ovipositor with the 3
<superScript id="7C029BE39F25FF8723D5FEE5889FFE9A" attach="left" box="[1218,1231,357,369]" fontSize="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">rd</superScript>
valvulae of 1.3 mm in length and a maximum width of 0.35 mm, transversal ornamentations are visible (Fig. S8C).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36D65209F25FF802449FE3E89EEFD53" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BC836AB9F25FF872449FE3E8801FD94" blockId="3.[816,1498,132,1981]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C774D289F25FF872449FE3E8F8CFE3F" box="[862,988,446,468]" pageId="3" pageNumber="7" rank="superOrder" superOrder="Neuropterida">Neuropterida</taxonomicName>
. Seven almost complete fossils (length ranging from ~ 2.4 mm to ~ 6.5 mm) were assigned to
<taxonomicName id="4C774D289F25FF8723B2FE5A8971FE1B" box="[1189,1313,474,496]" pageId="3" pageNumber="7" rank="superOrder" superOrder="Neuropterida">Neuropterida</taxonomicName>
based on shape and venation pattern of wings; some specimens possess nygmata. Six specimens resemble Raphidioptera, while one almost complete specimen was assigned to the extinct family †
<taxonomicName id="4C774D289F25FF8724EEFDB08957FDAE" authority="Tillyard, 1922" authorityName="Tillyard" authorityYear="1922" box="[1017,1287,560,582]" class="Insecta" family="Permithonidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Permithonidae Tillyard, 1922</taxonomicName>
(MCSN 8679;
<figureCitation id="134C2A2E9F25FF872286FDB08982FDAD" box="[1425,1490,560,582]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[106,135,1700,1719]" captionTargetBox="[245,1359,887,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-203@2.[241,1361,885,1677]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 3 | Representatives of holometabolous insects. A Magnicapitixyela dilettae (Hymenoptera, Xyelidae), MCSN 8678. B Merithone laetitiae (Neuropterida, †Permithonidae), MCSN 8679 (19). Coleoptera: MCSN 8691, Archostemata (C); MCSN 8692, Archostemata (D); MCSN 8681, Adephaga (E); MCSN 8693, Polyphaga (F). Scale bars: AD, 1 mm; E, F 200 µm." pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
) and recently described as a new genus and species,
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F25FF87223FFDCC8988FD8A" box="[1320,1496,588,609]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Merithone laetitiae</emphasis>
Montagna and Magoga, 2024
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.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC836AB9F25FF872449FD068FE8FC76" blockId="3.[816,1498,132,1981]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<taxonomicName id="4C774D289F25FF872449FD068F95FD77" box="[862,965,646,668]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
. Thirty-seven specimens were found in the MSG assemblage, most of them completely preserved, and assigned to
<taxonomicName id="4C774D289F25FF87222BFD2289F1FD53" box="[1340,1441,674,696]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Coleoptera</taxonomicName>
based on highly sclerotized exoskeleton and forewings transformed into sclerotized elytra. The assemblage includes representatives of three out of the four beetle suborders, namely Archostemata (
<taxonomicName id="4C774D289F25FF8723FAFD788902FCE5" authorityName="Laporte" authorityYear="1836" box="[1261,1362,760,782]" class="Insecta" family="Cupedidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Cupedidae</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F25FF87224BFD798988FCE6" box="[1372,1496,760,782]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">incertae sedis</emphasis>
MCSN 8691, 8692;
<figureCitation id="134C2A2E9F25FF8724E6FC958808FCC0" box="[1009,1112,789,811]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[106,135,1700,1719]" captionTargetBox="[245,1359,887,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-203@2.[241,1361,885,1677]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 3 | Representatives of holometabolous insects. A Magnicapitixyela dilettae (Hymenoptera, Xyelidae), MCSN 8678. B Merithone laetitiae (Neuropterida, †Permithonidae), MCSN 8679 (19). Coleoptera: MCSN 8691, Archostemata (C); MCSN 8692, Archostemata (D); MCSN 8681, Adephaga (E); MCSN 8693, Polyphaga (F). Scale bars: AD, 1 mm; E, F 200 µm." pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 3C, D</figureCitation>
), Adephaga (MCSN 8681;
<figureCitation id="134C2A2E9F25FF872277FC9589F6FCC0" box="[1376,1446,789,811]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[106,135,1700,1719]" captionTargetBox="[245,1359,887,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-203@2.[241,1361,885,1677]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 3 | Representatives of holometabolous insects. A Magnicapitixyela dilettae (Hymenoptera, Xyelidae), MCSN 8678. B Merithone laetitiae (Neuropterida, †Permithonidae), MCSN 8679 (19). Coleoptera: MCSN 8691, Archostemata (C); MCSN 8692, Archostemata (D); MCSN 8681, Adephaga (E); MCSN 8693, Polyphaga (F). Scale bars: AD, 1 mm; E, F 200 µm." pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 3E</figureCitation>
) and Polyphaga (MCSN 8693;
<figureCitation id="134C2A2E9F25FF872303FCB18803FCAC" box="[1044,1107,817,839]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[106,135,1700,1719]" captionTargetBox="[245,1359,887,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-203@2.[241,1361,885,1677]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 3 | Representatives of holometabolous insects. A Magnicapitixyela dilettae (Hymenoptera, Xyelidae), MCSN 8678. B Merithone laetitiae (Neuropterida, †Permithonidae), MCSN 8679 (19). Coleoptera: MCSN 8691, Archostemata (C); MCSN 8692, Archostemata (D); MCSN 8681, Adephaga (E); MCSN 8693, Polyphaga (F). Scale bars: AD, 1 mm; E, F 200 µm." pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig.3F</figureCitation>
). The fossils consist of small to medium size specimens (~ 1.3 mm to ~ 6.9 mm in length) characterized by terrestrial and aquatic habitus. Natatorial hind legs are visible in the specimen MCSN 8681 (
<figureCitation id="134C2A2E9F25FF87247EFC078FFDFC76" box="[873,941,903,925]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="2.[106,135,1700,1719]" captionTargetBox="[245,1359,887,1675]" captionTargetId="figure-203@2.[241,1361,885,1677]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Fig. 3 | Representatives of holometabolous insects. A Magnicapitixyela dilettae (Hymenoptera, Xyelidae), MCSN 8678. B Merithone laetitiae (Neuropterida, †Permithonidae), MCSN 8679 (19). Coleoptera: MCSN 8691, Archostemata (C); MCSN 8692, Archostemata (D); MCSN 8681, Adephaga (E); MCSN 8693, Polyphaga (F). Scale bars: AD, 1 mm; E, F 200 µm." pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 3E</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC836AB9F25FF872449FC2388C7FAA2" blockId="3.[816,1498,132,1981]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Amphiesmenoptera. A ~ 3.6 mm almost complete insect preserved in dorsal view (MCSN 8701; Fig. S9A). Head with hair on the front, rather complete filiform antennae and eyes partially visible. Both fore and hind wings are visible (left wings superposed), presenting hairs along the margins, nygmata not visible. Forewings with 3-branched M vein, as in Lepidoptera; the separation between M1 and M2 veins forms an angle greater than 45°, which precludes its assignment to Trichoptera, but in the meantime not greater than 60° as in Lepidoptera.Legs are partially visible on the right side. A second almost complete fossil in ventral view (MCSN 8702, a male; Fig. S9B) may belong to the same morphospecies because of the similar habitus and size (~ 2.8 mm).However,in this case,the 3-branched M vein in the forewing is not visible due to the poor preservation of the area. On the head, compound eyes and filiform antennae are visible, as well as, elongate structures compatible with laciniae departing from the mouthpart region. Abdomen terminal appendages visible.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC836AB9F25FF872449FAD08FA1F968" blockId="3.[816,1498,132,1981]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Mecoptera. A small (~ 4.2 mm in length), almost complete, insect preserved in lateral view was attributed to Mecoptera due to the presence of the genital bulb folded underneath the distal part of the abdomen, likely a
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F25FF872427FA268FCCFA50" box="[816,924,1446,1467]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">postmortem</emphasis>
position acquired in the depositional environment (MCSN 8699;
<figureCitation id="134C2A2E9F25FF872471FA428F94FA33" box="[870,964,1474,1496]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[106,135,527,546]" captionTargetBox="[241,1361,133,505]" captionTargetId="figure-775@4.[241,1361,133,505]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 4 | Representatives of holometabolous insects (Antliophora). A Mecoptera, MCSN 8699. Diptera: MCSN 8694, adult (B); MCSN 8695, adult male (C); MCSN 8698, pupa (D). Scale bars: A-B, 500 µm; C, D, 1 mm." pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs. 4A, S</figureCitation>
10). The head with well-developed compound eyes, ocellus, and an elongate rostrum with maxillary palps; bristles are present on the vertex (Fig. S10A). Antennae are filiform and composed of at least by 26 segments. Legs are partially visible. Two pairs of subequal wings with pterostigma and setae on the venations are present. CUA of forewings is not visible due to the poor preservation of the area and to the partial overlap of fore- and hindwings.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BC836AB9F25FF802449F90A8DB7FA33" blockId="3.[816,1498,132,1981]" lastBlockId="4.[106,787,1445,1981]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Diptera. A total of 56 fossils (54 adults and two pupae), with different degrees of preservation,were attributed to Diptera (MCSN 8686, 8673-8676, 8694-8698;
<figureCitation id="134C2A2E9F25FF87248DF9438FAFF933" box="[922,1023,1731,1753]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[106,135,527,546]" captionTargetBox="[241,1361,133,505]" captionTargetId="figure-775@4.[241,1361,133,505]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 4 | Representatives of holometabolous insects (Antliophora). A Mecoptera, MCSN 8699. Diptera: MCSN 8694, adult (B); MCSN 8695, adult male (C); MCSN 8698, pupa (D). Scale bars: A-B, 500 µm; C, D, 1 mm." pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figs.4BD</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="134C2A2E9F25FF872310F9438869F932" box="[1031,1081,1731,1753]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[106,135,1213,1232]" captionTargetBox="[127,765,656,1189]" captionTargetId="figure-820@4.[126,766,655,1190]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 5 | Diptera preserving peculiar features. A MCSN 8696, adult preserving the hexagonal facets of compound eyes and three round-shaped bodies at the end of the abdomen. B MCSN 8696, enlargement of the hexagonal facets of compound eyes. C MCSN 8696, enlargement of the three round-shaped bodies present externally on the abdomen, with visible ornamentations. D MCSN 8697, three round-shaped bodies present externally on the abdomen, with visible ornamentations. Scale bars: A, 500 µm; B, C, 200 µm; D, 100 µm." pageId="3" pageNumber="4">5A, S</figureCitation>
11). Adults (length from ~ 1.5 mm to 4.9 mm) possess hind wings reduced to halteres and one Cu vein on the forewings. Moreover, the presence of filiform antennae with more than ten segments and CuA veins not coalesced with 1 A (when visible) prompted their ascription to the Nematocera clade. The almost complete exarate pupae (MCSN 8698, ~ 4.1 mm in length, ~ 1.5 mm width,
<figureCitation id="134C2A2E9F25FF872206F8D28906F88C" box="[1297,1366,1874,1896]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[106,135,527,546]" captionTargetBox="[241,1361,133,505]" captionTargetId="figure-775@4.[241,1361,133,505]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 4 | Representatives of holometabolous insects (Antliophora). A Mecoptera, MCSN 8699. Diptera: MCSN 8694, adult (B); MCSN 8695, adult male (C); MCSN 8698, pupa (D). Scale bars: A-B, 500 µm; C, D, 1 mm." pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Fig. 4D</figureCitation>
; MCSN 8686, ~ 5.7 mm in length, ~ 1.4 mm width, Fig. S11A) can be assigned to Nematocera
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F25FF8724B1F80B884EF84B" box="[934,1054,1931,1952]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">incertae sedis</emphasis>
as well. These specimens preserve three pairs of legs, antennae, and respiratory horns on the head capsule. On the distal part of the specimen MCSN 8686, the abdomen preserves ovoidal structures attributable to seminal capsules (
<figureCitation id="134C2A2E9F22FF802681FA428D8CFA33" box="[406,476,1474,1496]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[106,135,1213,1232]" captionTargetBox="[127,765,656,1189]" captionTargetId="figure-820@4.[126,766,655,1190]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 5 | Diptera preserving peculiar features. A MCSN 8696, adult preserving the hexagonal facets of compound eyes and three round-shaped bodies at the end of the abdomen. B MCSN 8696, enlargement of the hexagonal facets of compound eyes. C MCSN 8696, enlargement of the three round-shaped bodies present externally on the abdomen, with visible ornamentations. D MCSN 8697, three round-shaped bodies present externally on the abdomen, with visible ornamentations. Scale bars: A, 500 µm; B, C, 200 µm; D, 100 µm." pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF0866239F22FF80277DFD8F8DA4FDD6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" startId="4.[106,135,527,546]" targetBox="[241,1361,133,505]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BC836AB9F22FF80277DFD8F8DA4FDD6" blockId="4.[106,1498,526,573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F22FF80277DFD8F8EF5FDC9" bold="true" box="[106,677,526,546]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 4 | Representatives of holometabolous insects (Antliophora). A</emphasis>
Mecoptera, MCSN 8699. Diptera: MCSN 8694, adult (
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F22FF802373FD8F8821FDC9" bold="true" box="[1124,1137,527,546]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">B</emphasis>
); MCSN 8695, adult male (
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F22FF802246FD8F890FFDC9" bold="true" box="[1361,1375,527,546]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">C</emphasis>
); MCSN 8698, pupa (
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F22FF8027B7FDA98CE0FDD7" bold="true" box="[160,176,553,572]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">D</emphasis>
). Scale bars: A-B, 500 µm;
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F22FF802699FDAA8DCCFDD6" bold="true" box="[398,412,554,573]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">C</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F22FF8026B2FDA98DE5FDD7" bold="true" box="[421,437,553,572]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">D</emphasis>
, 1 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF0866239F22FF80277DFB3D8DCBFA84" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" startId="4.[106,135,1213,1232]" targetBox="[127,765,656,1189]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BC836AB9F22FF80277DFB3D8DCBFA84" blockId="4.[106,787,1212,1391]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F22FF80277DFB3D8DA8FB3B" bold="true" box="[106,504,1212,1232]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 5 | Diptera preserving peculiar features. A</emphasis>
MCSN 8696, adult preserving the hexagonal facets of compound eyes and three round-shaped bodies at the end of the abdomen.
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F22FF8027D6FB718C9EFAEF" bold="true" box="[193,206,1265,1284]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">B</emphasis>
MCSN 8696, enlargement of the hexagonal facets of compound eyes.
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F22FF80277DFA8C8C28FAF4" bold="true" box="[106,120,1292,1311]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">C</emphasis>
MCSN 8696, enlargement of the three round-shaped bodies present externally on the abdomen, with visible ornamentations.
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F22FF8026C7FAA68DB0FAD2" bold="true" box="[464,480,1318,1337]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">D</emphasis>
MCSN 8697, three round-shaped bodies present externally on the abdomen, with visible ornamentations. Scale bars:
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F22FF80277DFADC8C28FA84" bold="true" box="[106,120,1372,1391]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">A</emphasis>
, 500 µm;
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F22FF8027DEFADC8C86FA84" bold="true" box="[201,214,1372,1391]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">B</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F22FF8027F7FADC8CBEFA84" bold="true" box="[224,238,1372,1391]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">C</emphasis>
, 200 µm;
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F22FF802628FADC8D1FFA84" bold="true" box="[319,335,1372,1391]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">D</emphasis>
, 100 µm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BC836AB9F22FF802780FA5F89EEFD53" blockId="4.[106,787,1445,1981]" lastBlockId="4.[816,1497,646,696]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Among these dipteran fossils, six out of 56 are phosphatized but no soft tissues or inner organs are recognizable (Fig. S11BE). Some adults are complete and well preserved; setae are visible on legs, wings, and at the margin of compound eyes; in some cases, the outlines of the hexagonal facets within compound eyes are visible (
<figureCitation id="134C2A2E9F22FF8026BEF9D18E58F98C" box="[425,520,1617,1639]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[106,135,1213,1232]" captionTargetBox="[127,765,656,1189]" captionTargetId="figure-820@4.[126,766,655,1190]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 5 | Diptera preserving peculiar features. A MCSN 8696, adult preserving the hexagonal facets of compound eyes and three round-shaped bodies at the end of the abdomen. B MCSN 8696, enlargement of the hexagonal facets of compound eyes. C MCSN 8696, enlargement of the three round-shaped bodies present externally on the abdomen, with visible ornamentations. D MCSN 8697, three round-shaped bodies present externally on the abdomen, with visible ornamentations. Scale bars: A, 500 µm; B, C, 200 µm; D, 100 µm." pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 5A, B</figureCitation>
). The specimen MCSN 8680 presents a prolonged labium and maxillary palps (
<figureCitation id="134C2A2E9F22FF802552F9ED8ED8F968" box="[581,648,1645,1667]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="5.[106,135,1734,1753]" captionTargetBox="[242,1360,134,1710]" captionTargetId="figure-1@5.[241,1361,133,1711]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="Fig. 6 | Abundance of fossils per insect lineage found at VM12 site and location of the main Middle Triassic insect deposits. A Time-calibrated phylogenetic tree of insect evolutionary relationships from Montagna et al. (5) where the abundance of insects collected at VM12 per lineage, expressed as the natural logarithm of the number of individuals,is reported;(B). Location of main Middle Triassic fossil insect deposits as in Zheng et al. (11) with the addition of Monte San Giorgio. (1) Tongchuan, China (Ladinian); (2) Karamay, China (Carnian); (3) Madygen, Kyrgyzstan (Ladinian-Carnian); (4) Vosges,France (early Anisian); (5) Solite, USA (late Carnian); (6) Ipswich, Australia (Carnian); (7) Brookvale, Australia (Anisian); (8) Molteno, South Africa (Carnian); (MSG) Monte San Giorgio, Switzerland (Ladinian). Giulia Magoga drew insect silhouettes." pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. S6</figureCitation>
). Interestingly, twelve Pleciofungivoridae-like fossils possess round-shaped bodies adhering to the distal part of their abdomens (
<figureCitation id="134C2A2E9F22FF8026D2F9268E5DF956" box="[453,525,1702,1725]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[106,135,1213,1232]" captionTargetBox="[127,765,656,1189]" captionTargetId="figure-820@4.[126,766,655,1190]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 5 | Diptera preserving peculiar features. A MCSN 8696, adult preserving the hexagonal facets of compound eyes and three round-shaped bodies at the end of the abdomen. B MCSN 8696, enlargement of the hexagonal facets of compound eyes. C MCSN 8696, enlargement of the three round-shaped bodies present externally on the abdomen, with visible ornamentations. D MCSN 8697, three round-shaped bodies present externally on the abdomen, with visible ornamentations. Scale bars: A, 500 µm; B, C, 200 µm; D, 100 µm." pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
). These bodies appear to be external to the abdomen, which appears intact and their texture differs from the thin cuticula of the urites. On each insect are present two to four round-shaped units (each with a diameter of ~100130 µm) with visible ornamentation (
<figureCitation id="134C2A2E9F22FF8027C2F8998D66F8C4" box="[213,310,1817,1839]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[106,135,1213,1232]" captionTargetBox="[127,765,656,1189]" captionTargetId="figure-820@4.[126,766,655,1190]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 5 | Diptera preserving peculiar features. A MCSN 8696, adult preserving the hexagonal facets of compound eyes and three round-shaped bodies at the end of the abdomen. B MCSN 8696, enlargement of the hexagonal facets of compound eyes. C MCSN 8696, enlargement of the three round-shaped bodies present externally on the abdomen, with visible ornamentations. D MCSN 8697, three round-shaped bodies present externally on the abdomen, with visible ornamentations. Scale bars: A, 500 µm; B, C, 200 µm; D, 100 µm." pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Fig. 5C, D</figureCitation>
). The shape of these enigmatic bodies is compatible with the one of seminal capsules as well as lycophyte spores of the genus
<taxonomicName id="4C774D289F22FF80277DF8D28DFAF883" authority="(Lycopodiopsida)" baseAuthorityName="Lycopodiopsida" box="[106,426,1874,1896]" genus="Reticulatisporites" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F22FF80277DF8D28D54F88C" box="[106,260,1874,1895]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Reticulatisporites</emphasis>
(Lycopodiopsida)
</taxonomicName>
, even if based on literature the size of the latter is ~ 65 µm (19). The association of these enigmatic round-shaped bodies with the insect abdomen (mean = 2.83 for the round-shaped units) is not random, indeed their abundance on insect bodies significantly differs from the one of those dispersed into the fossil matrices (mean = 0.09 round-shaped units) (Wilcoxon rank sum test results: W = 0,
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F22FF802231FD238961FD53" box="[1318,1329,675,696]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">p</emphasis>
-value &lt;0.001).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="115507DF9EE7ED14C8FFE41A83F857FE">The contribution of the Middle Triassic fossil assemblage of Monte San Giorgio to insect evolution.</mods:title>
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<mods:number id="47807A663167A14ADE0D5DAA78107EFE">7</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="E40C6768E3BC30ADF8787266D69E3F24" type="PMC">PMC11336256</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="4F6FB0CE2A4F3370BC0F66D440F11DB3" type="PubMed">39164382</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="03DE87BD9F25FF87259BFE218DB1FB76" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13375186" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03DE87BD9F25FF87259BFE218DB1FB76" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03DE87BD9F25FF87259BFE218DB1FB76" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
<subSubSection id="C36D65209F25FF87259BFE218E49FE38" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BC836AB9F25FF87259BFE218E49FE38" blockId="3.[106,787,132,1982]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Genus
<taxonomicName id="4C774D289F25FF8725D9FE228D82FE38" authority="Montagna M. &amp; Magoga G." authorityName="Montagna M. &amp; Magoga G." authorityYear="2024" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Magnicapitixyela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. n.">
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F25FF8725D9FE228C9BFE38" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Magnicapitixyela</emphasis>
Montagna M. &amp; Magoga G.
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23057C29F25FF8726CCFE3E8E49FE38" box="[475,537,446,467]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36D65209F25FF872780FE5B8F5BFE1B" box="[151,779,474,496]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="8BC836AB9F25FF872780FE5B8F5BFE1B" blockId="3.[106,787,132,1982]" box="[151,779,474,496]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Type species:
<taxonomicName id="4C774D289F25FF872601FE5A8DAAFE04" authorityName="Montagna &amp; Magoga &amp; Stockar &amp; Magnani" authorityYear="2024" box="[278,506,474,495]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Magnicapitixyela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="dilettae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F25FF872601FE5A8DAAFE04" box="[278,506,474,495]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Magnicapitixyela dilettae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23057C29F25FF872517FE5B8E61FE1B" box="[512,561,475,496]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
by present designation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36D65209F25FF872780FE778D19FDC2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BC836AB9F25FF872780FE778D19FDC2" blockId="3.[106,787,132,1982]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Code Zoobank: LSID urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:62299AF2-5601-4192- 8BD9-D7BC38D447A3.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36D65209F25FF872780FDB08ECEFD94" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="8BC836AB9F25FF872780FDB08ECEFD94" blockId="3.[106,787,132,1982]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Etymology:
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F25FF872612FDB18D19FDAD" box="[261,329,561,582]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Magni-</emphasis>
from the Latin
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F25FF8726CDFDB18E72FDAD" box="[474,546,561,582]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">magnus</emphasis>
meaning big,
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F25FF8725B2FDB18E8FFDAD" box="[677,735,561,582]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">capiti-</emphasis>
from the Latin
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F25FF8727A8FDCD8CA1FD89" box="[191,241,589,610]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">caput</emphasis>
meaning head and
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F25FF8726B6FDCC8D87FD8A" box="[417,471,588,609]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">-xyela</emphasis>
from
<taxonomicName id="4C774D289F25FF87251AFDCC8E0DFD89" authorityName="Newman" authorityYear="1834" box="[525,605,588,610]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Xyelidae</taxonomicName>
, the family to which
<taxonomicName id="4C774D289F25FF87277DFDE98D57FD95" box="[106,263,617,638]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Magnicapitixyela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F25FF87277DFDE98D57FD95" box="[106,263,617,638]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Magnicapitixyela</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is ascribed. Meaning:
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F25FF8726C4FDE98E56FD95" box="[467,518,617,638]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Xyela</emphasis>
with a big head.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36D65209F25FF872780FD068DA3FCAC" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="8BC836AB9F25FF872780FD068DA3FCAC" blockId="3.[106,787,132,1982]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Diagnosis: Small sawfly, forewing with narrow costal space, C thickened towards apex, reaching R (but not touching), sclerotized pterostigma, thick subcosta (SC), joining only C, R thicker than SC and sinuous; RS1 + 2 present; RS + M is ~ 1.3 times as long as 1-RS. M+cubital anterior (CuA) slightly concave until the split between M and CuA.2m-cu straight while 3rm sinuous.Anterior margin of cell 1r almost equal to 2r in length; cell 1-mcu ~ 3 times as long as high, distally dilatated.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C36D65209F25FF872780FCCE8DB1FB76" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="8BC836AB9F25FF872780FCCE8DB1FB76" blockId="3.[106,787,132,1982]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
Comparison: The new genus differs from other Triassic genera in the fully sclerotized pterostigma (not as in
<taxonomicName id="4C774D289F25FF8726CDFCEA8EF9FC6B" authority="Riek, 1955" authorityName="Riek" authorityYear="1955" box="[474,681,874,896]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Archexyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F25FF8726CDFCEA8E6EFC94" box="[474,574,874,895]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Archexyela</emphasis>
Riek, 1955
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C774D289F25FF8725A4FCEA8CAAFC76" authority="Rasnitsyn, 1969" authorityName="Rasnitsyn" authorityYear="1969" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Lithoxyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F25FF8725A4FCEA8F42FC94" box="[691,786,874,895]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Lithoxyela</emphasis>
Rasnitsyn, 1969
</taxonomicName>
;
<taxonomicName id="4C774D289F25FF872615FC078E54FC76" authority="Rasnitsyn, 1969" authorityName="Rasnitsyn" authorityYear="1969" box="[258,516,903,925]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Sirecomima" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F25FF872615FC078D3EFC77" box="[258,366,903,924]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Sirecomima</emphasis>
Rasnitsyn, 1969
</taxonomicName>
); forewing slender, more than twice as long as wide (broad in
<taxonomicName id="4C774D289F25FF872686FC238ED5FC52" authority="Rasnitsyn, 1964" authorityName="Rasnitsyn" authorityYear="1964" box="[401,645,931,953]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Euryxyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F25FF872686FC238DBBFC53" box="[401,491,931,952]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Euryxyela</emphasis>
Rasnitsyn, 1964
</taxonomicName>
, broad and triangular in
<taxonomicName id="4C774D289F25FF8727C2FC408DBDFC3D" authority="Rasnitsyn, 1969" authorityName="Rasnitsyn" authorityYear="1969" box="[213,493,960,982]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Ferganoxyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F25FF8727C2FC408D1DFC3E" box="[213,333,960,981]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Ferganoxyela</emphasis>
Rasnitsyn, 1969
</taxonomicName>
); costal area not narrow as in
<taxonomicName id="4C774D289F25FF87277DFC5C8D32FC19" authority="Rasnitsyn, 1969" authorityName="Rasnitsyn" authorityYear="1969" box="[106,354,988,1010]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Lithoxyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F25FF87277DFC5C8C99FC1A" box="[106,201,988,1009]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Lithoxyela</emphasis>
Rasnitsyn, 1969
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C774D289F25FF87267BFC5C8E23FC19" authority="Rasnitsyn, 1969" authorityName="Rasnitsyn" authorityYear="1969" box="[364,627,988,1010]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Madygenius" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F25FF87267BFC5C8D8BFC1A" box="[364,475,988,1009]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Madygenius</emphasis>
Rasnitsyn, 1969
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="4C774D289F25FF87256AFC5C8C8AFBE4" authority="Rasnitsyn, 1969" authorityName="Rasnitsyn" authorityYear="1969" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xiphoxyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F25FF87256AFC5C8EB2FC1A" box="[637,738,988,1009]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Xiphoxyela</emphasis>
Rasnitsyn, 1969
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C774D289F25FF872611FC798DBAFBE4" authority="Rasnitsyn, 1964" authorityName="Rasnitsyn" authorityYear="1964" box="[262,490,1017,1039]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Xyelinus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F25FF872611FC798D04FBE5" box="[262,340,1017,1038]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Xyelinus</emphasis>
Rasnitsyn, 1964
</taxonomicName>
; cell 1r longer than 2r (almost of the same length in
<taxonomicName id="4C774D289F25FF87260AFB968E5DFBC7" authority="Rasnitsyn, 1969" authorityName="Rasnitsyn" authorityYear="1969" box="[285,525,1046,1068]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Leioxyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F25FF87260AFB968D22FBC0" box="[285,370,1046,1067]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Leioxyela</emphasis>
Rasnitsyn, 1969
</taxonomicName>
), presence of cells 3r and 4r (absent in
<taxonomicName id="4C774D289F25FF8727DFFBB28DECFBA3" authority="Rasnitsyn, 1969" authorityName="Rasnitsyn" authorityYear="1969" box="[200,444,1074,1096]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Madygella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F25FF8727DFFBB28D76FBAC" box="[200,294,1074,1095]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Madygella</emphasis>
Rasnitsyn, 1969
</taxonomicName>
), cell 3r wide (reduced in
<taxonomicName id="4C774D289F25FF8725B5FBB28CAEFB8E" authority="Rasnitsyn, 1964" authorityName="Rasnitsyn" authorityYear="1964" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Triassoxyela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F25FF8725B5FBB28F43FBAC" box="[674,787,1074,1095]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Triassoxyela</emphasis>
Rasnitsyn, 1964
</taxonomicName>
).
<taxonomicName id="4C774D289F25FF87261BFBCF8DF9FB8F" authorityName="Montagna &amp; Magoga &amp; Stockar &amp; Magnani" authorityYear="2024" box="[268,425,1103,1124]" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Magnicapitixyela" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" status="gen. nov.">
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F25FF87261BFBCF8DF9FB8F" box="[268,425,1103,1124]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Magnicapitixyela</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A23057C29F25FF8726B8FBCF8DBCFB8F" box="[431,492,1103,1124]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="genus">gen. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
is close to
<taxonomicName id="4C774D289F25FF872547FBCF8CC7FB6A" authority="Rasnitsyn, 1969" authorityName="Rasnitsyn" authorityYear="1969" class="Insecta" family="Xyelidae" genus="Madygella" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="B903EAB99F25FF872547FBCF8EFEFB8F" box="[592,686,1103,1124]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Madygella</emphasis>
Rasnitsyn, 1969
</taxonomicName>
due to the well-sclerotized pterostigma,well developed and distinct SC, basal section of RS shorter than RS + M.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -1,57 +1,57 @@
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<mods:namePart id="D2C15FEDD570FA6F2E976EDEB80459F5">Khuraijam, Jibankumar Singh</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D25729A5AEA8B22F6E30E3D1B163EA2A">Botanic Garden Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226001, India.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="A0152FE6B995E5E9DE7CAC85A8458A6A" type="email">khuraijam.js@nbri.res.in</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:namePart id="8A6625E350C1F600D9A6A370875EDC4F">Khuraijam, Jibankumar Singh</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="963BFE45EB199A6778C7D254394DB077" type="ORCID">0000-0003-4603-0216</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation id="30049AD3584FA7D1411EBD8B8CE1622F">Botanic Garden Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226001, India.</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier id="DEB174D7E12632692387C251F16ACDEA" type="email">khuraijam.js@nbri.res.in</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:title id="07FF5642D9369D5C55AB0BF8F41D8F84">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:title id="BF742757396256E5B7632ABC719E23DA">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="F3328514D2E9899E2878AE9D73509582">
<mods:date id="C6987ACF8C9288B173B5344C06D07DCB">2024</mods:date>
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<mods:location id="66FA7B0AD56AC4E085B4BF16C224FEBD">
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<treatment id="03E787ACBB61FFADFF4DFC81FE0E1302" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E787ACBB61FFADFF4DFC81FE0E1302" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03E787ACBB61FFADFF4DFC81FE0E1302" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">
<subSubSection id="C3546531BB61FFA8FF4DFC81FC4C176A" box="[136,960,788,814]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="8BF136BABB61FFA8FF4DFC81FC4C176A" blockId="1.[136,960,788,814]" box="[136,960,788,814]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">
<heading id="D0B981D6BB61FFA8FF4DFC81FC4C176A" box="[136,960,788,814]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" reason="3">
@ -75,14 +75,14 @@ Amber Srivastava &amp; JS Khuraijam
<subSubSection id="C3546531BB61FFA8FF4DFCF5FE7B17DD" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8BF136BABB61FFA8FF4DFCF5FE7B17DD" blockId="1.[136,1452,864,1138]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="B93AEAA8BB61FFA8FF4DFCF5FF561731" bold="true" box="[136,218,864,885]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Type:—</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="3B263CE7BB61FFA8FF1FFCF5FE7F17DD" collectingDate="2022-10-15" collectionCode="LWG, BSD" country="India" elevation="1200" latitude="25.567501" location="Nartiang" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="92.21444" municipality="Jaintia" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Meghalaya" typeStatus="holotype">
<materialsCitation id="3B263CE7BB61FFA8FF1FFCF5FEEE17DD" collectingDate="2022-10-15" collectionCode="LWG, BSD" country="India" elevation="1200" latitude="25.567501" location="Nartiang" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="92.21444" municipality="Jaintia" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Meghalaya" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry id="F359762ABB61FFA8FF1FFCF5FEAC1731" box="[218,288,864,885]" name="India" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">INDIA</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="498AF858BB61FFA8FEEBFCF5FE171732" box="[302,411,864,886]" country="India" name="Meghalaya" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Meghalaya</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="6B95ACC0BB61FFA8FE6CFCF5FE641732" box="[425,488,864,886]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Jaintia</collectingMunicipality>
hills,
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<location id="8E916061BB61FFA8FDE9FCF5FD0E1732" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E787ACBB61FFADFF4DFC81FE0E1302:8E916061BB61FFA8FDE9FCF5FD0E1732" box="[556,642,864,886]" country="India" latitude="25.567501" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="92.21444" municipality="Jaintia" name="Nartiang" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" stateProvince="Meghalaya">Nartiang</location>
,
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<geoCoordinate id="EE7A507DBB61FFA8FCD5FCF5FC091732" box="[784,901,864,886]" degrees="92" direction="east" minutes="12" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" precision="15" seconds="52" value="92.21444">92°1252”E</geoCoordinate>
@ -101,6 +101,8 @@ hills,
:
<collectionCode id="ED5FAE7FBB61FFA8FEE3FC11FED217DD" box="[294,350,900,921]" country="India" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15400" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15400" name="National Botanical Research Institute" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" type="Herbarium">LWG</collectionCode>
;
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="3B263CE7BB61FFA8FEADFC11FE7F17DD" box="[360,499,900,922]" collectingDate="2022-10-15" collectionCode="LWG, BSD" country="India" elevation="1200" latitude="25.567501" location="Nartiang" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="92.21444" municipality="Jaintia" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Meghalaya" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="54F58818BB61FFA8FEADFC11FE3D17DE" box="[360,433,900,922]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" type="isotype">isotype</typeStatus>
:
<collectionCode id="ED5FAE7FBB61FFA8FE7FFC11FE6117DD" box="[442,493,900,921]" country="India" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12696" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:12696" name="Botanical Survey of India, Northern Regional Centre" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" type="Herbarium">BSD</collectionCode>
@ -197,7 +199,7 @@ Flowering and Fruiting:
OctoberJanuary.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3546531BB61FFAFFF78F975FA9A172C" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" type="distribution">
<subSubSection id="C3546531BB61FFADFF78F975FE0E1302" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="61" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="8BF136BABB61FFA8FF78F975FE6513EA" blockId="1.[136,1452,1184,2075]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">
<emphasis id="B93AEAA8BB61FFA8FF78F975FD9912BE" bold="true" box="[189,533,1760,1786]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">
Distribution and Ecology:
@ -233,10 +235,9 @@ Buchanan-Hamilton ex D. Don (1822: 674)
are commonly occurring species of the region.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF136BABB61FFABFF78F82DFC3D1498" blockId="1.[136,1452,1184,2075]" lastBlockId="2.[136,1451,158,221]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="59" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">
<materialsCitation id="3B263CE7BB61FFA8FF78F82DFE0C13B2" collectingDate="1938-11-09" collectionCode="K, J, R, N" collectorName="De" country="India" location="Peak forest" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Meghalaya">
<materialsCitation id="3B263CE7BB61FFA8FF78F82DFE0C13B2" collectingDate="1938-11-09" collectionCode="ASSAM" collectorName="R. N. De" country="India" location="K. &amp; J. hills" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Meghalaya" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="B93AEAA8BB61FFA8FF78F82DFD621396" bold="true" box="[189,750,1976,2002]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">
<typeStatus id="54F58818BB61FFA8FF78F82DFDBB1396" box="[189,567,1976,2002]" isOtherTypeStatus="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Additional specimens examined</typeStatus>
(
Additional specimens examined (
<typeStatus id="54F58818BB61FFA8FD83F82DFD481396" box="[582,708,1976,2002]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
):—
</emphasis>
@ -244,76 +245,62 @@ are commonly occurring species of the region.
.
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:
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. &amp;
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. hills,
<location id="8E916061BB61FFA8FBAEF82DFB671396" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E787ACBB61FFAFFF4DFC81FA2617BA:8E916061BB61FFA8FBAEF82DFB671396" box="[1131,1259,1976,2002]" country="India" name="Peak forest" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" stateProvince="Meghalaya">Peak forest</location>
<location id="8E916061BB61FFA8FC13F82CFBEC1396" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E787ACBB61FFADFF4DFC81FE0E1302:8E916061BB61FFA8FC13F82CFBEC1396" box="[982,1120,1976,2003]" country="India" name="K. &amp; J. hills" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" stateProvince="Meghalaya">K. &amp; J. hills</location>
,
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,
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<collectingDate id="EFB4E992BB61FFA8FB33F82DFAE41396" box="[1270,1384,1976,2002]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" value="1938-11-09">9.11.1938</collectingDate>
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<collectionCode id="ED5FAE7FBB61FFA8FAB6F82CFA0B1396" box="[1395,1415,1977,2002]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">R</collectionCode>
.
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.
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<collectorName id="26BB536CBB61FFA8FAB6F82CFF2513B2" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">R. N. De</collectorName>
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16632 (
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!)
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;
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. &amp;
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<location id="8E916061BB61FFA8FE4BF848FD9313B2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E787ACBB61FFADFF4DFC81FE0E1302:8E916061BB61FFA8FE4BF848FD9313B2" box="[398,543,2012,2039]" country="India" municipality="Sohra" name="K. &amp; J. hills" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" stateProvince="Assam">K. &amp; J. hills</location>
,
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raim (
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<location id="8E916061BB61FFA8FD7FF849FCA413B2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E787ACBB61FFADFF4DFC81FE0E1302:8E916061BB61FFA8FD7FF849FCA413B2" box="[698,808,2012,2038]" country="India" municipality="Sohra" name="Sohrarim" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" stateProvince="Assam">Sohrarim</location>
),
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,
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.
<collectionCode id="ED5FAE7FBB61FFA8FC2DF848FC7013B2" box="[1000,1020,2013,2038]" country="Chile" name="Departamento de Geologia, Universidad de Chile" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">R</collectionCode>
.
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<collectorName id="26BB536CBB61FFA8FC0FF849FBEC13B2" box="[970,1120,2012,2038]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">S. R. Sharma</collectorName>
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17863 (
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!)
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<materialsCitation id="3B263CE7BB61FFA8FA80F849FC9E1C5E" collectingDate="1956-10-22" collectionCode="G" collectorName="Panigrahi" country="India" location="Elephant falls" municipality="Shillong" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Assam">
<materialsCitation id="3B263CE7BB61FFA8FA80F849FC9E1C5E" collectingDate="1956-10-22" collectionCode="ASSAM" collectorName="G. Panigrahi" country="India" location="Elephant falls" municipality="Shillong" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Assam">
<collectingMunicipality id="6B95ACC0BB61FFA8FA80F849FA2B13B2" box="[1349,1447,2012,2038]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Shillong</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="8E916061BB61FFA8FF4DF795FEA91C5E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E787ACBB61FFAFFF4DFC81FA2617BA:8E916061BB61FFA8FF4DF795FEA91C5E" box="[136,293,2048,2074]" country="India" municipality="Shillong" name="Elephant falls" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" stateProvince="Assam">Elephant falls</location>
<location id="8E916061BB61FFA8FF4DF795FEA91C5E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E787ACBB61FFADFF4DFC81FE0E1302:8E916061BB61FFA8FF4DF795FEA91C5E" box="[136,293,2048,2074]" country="India" municipality="Shillong" name="Elephant falls" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" stateProvince="Assam">Elephant falls</location>
,
<date id="FFF0107ABB61FFA8FEEAF795FE231C5F" box="[303,431,2048,2075]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" value="1956-10-22">
<collectingDate id="EFB4E992BB61FFA8FEEAF795FE231C5F" box="[303,431,2048,2075]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" value="1956-10-22">22.10.1956</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<emphasis id="B93AEAA8BB61FFA8FE7EF795FDC21C5E" box="[443,590,2048,2074]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">
<collectionCode id="ED5FAE7FBB61FFA8FE7EF795FE5E1C5E" box="[443,466,2048,2074]" country="Switzerland" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15706" name="Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" type="Herbarium">G</collectionCode>
.
<collectorName id="26BB536CBB61FFA8FE19F795FDC21C5E" box="[476,590,2048,2074]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Panigrahi</collectorName>
<collectorName id="26BB536CBB61FFA8FE7EF795FDC21C5E" box="[443,590,2048,2074]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">G. Panigrahi</collectorName>
</emphasis>
3761 (
<collectingRegion id="498AF858BB61FFA8FD5FF795FC8A1C5E" box="[666,774,2048,2074]" country="India" name="Assam" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">ASSAM</collectingRegion>
<collectionCode id="ED5FAE7FBB61FFA8FD5FF795FC8A1C5E" box="[666,774,2048,2074]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">ASSAM</collectionCode>
!)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="3B263CE7BB61FFABFCD8F794FC5A14FC" collectingDate="2022-10-16" collectionCode="BSD" collectorName="Amber Srivastava" country="India" elevation="1882" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="59" latitude="25.448606" location="Mawphlang" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="91.75432" municipality="East Khasi" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" specimenCount="1">
<collectingMunicipality id="6B95ACC0BB61FFA8FCD8F794FC181C5E" box="[797,916,2048,2075]" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">East Khasi</collectingMunicipality>
hills,
<location id="8E916061BB61FFA8FC1DF795FBD21C5E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E787ACBB61FFAFFF4DFC81FA2617BA:8E916061BB61FFA8FC1DF795FBD21C5E" box="[984,1118,2048,2074]" country="India" latitude="25.448606" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="91.75432" municipality="East Khasi" name="Mawphlang" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Mawphlang</location>
<location id="8E916061BB61FFA8FC1DF795FBD21C5E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E787ACBB61FFADFF4DFC81FE0E1302:8E916061BB61FFA8FC1DF795FBD21C5E" box="[984,1118,2048,2074]" country="India" latitude="25.448606" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="91.75432" municipality="East Khasi" name="Mawphlang" pageId="1" pageNumber="58">Mawphlang</location>
sacred grove,
<geoCoordinate id="EE7A507DBB61FFA8FB3AF795FA271C5F" box="[1279,1451,2048,2075]" degrees="25" direction="north" minutes="26" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="58" precision="1" seconds="54.99" value="25.448606">25°2654.99”N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE7A507DBB62FFABFF4DFF0BFEBF14FD" box="[136,307,158,185]" degrees="91" direction="east" minutes="45" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" precision="1" seconds="15.55" value="91.75432">91°4515.55”E</geoCoordinate>
@ -337,7 +324,7 @@ sacred grove,
<materialsCitation id="3B263CE7BB62FFABFC22FF0AFC211498" collectingDate="2022-10-16" collectionCode="BSD" collectorName="Amber Srivastava" country="India" elevation="1790" latitude="25.516314" location="Smit" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="91.91258" municipality="East Khasi" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" specimenCount="1">
<collectingMunicipality id="6B95ACC0BB62FFABFC22FF0AFBE914FC" box="[999,1125,158,185]" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">East Khasi</collectingMunicipality>
hills,
<location id="8E916061BB62FFABFB73FF0BFB6214FC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E787ACBB61FFAFFF4DFC81FA2617BA:8E916061BB62FFABFB73FF0BFB6214FC" box="[1206,1262,158,184]" country="India" latitude="25.516314" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="91.91258" municipality="East Khasi" name="Smit" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Smit</location>
<location id="8E916061BB62FFABFB73FF0BFB6214FC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03E787ACBB61FFADFF4DFC81FE0E1302:8E916061BB62FFABFB73FF0BFB6214FC" box="[1206,1262,158,184]" country="India" latitude="25.516314" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="91.91258" municipality="East Khasi" name="Smit" pageId="2" pageNumber="59">Smit</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="EE7A507DBB62FFABFB3AFF0BFA2714FD" box="[1279,1451,158,185]" degrees="25" direction="north" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" precision="1" seconds="58.73" value="25.516314">25°3058.73”N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="EE7A507DBB62FFABFF4DFF57FEB81499" box="[136,308,194,221]" degrees="91" direction="east" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" pageId="2" pageNumber="59" precision="1" seconds="45.30" value="91.91258">91°5445.30”E</geoCoordinate>
@ -479,197 +466,11 @@ The newly discovered species,
<emphasis id="B93AEAA8BB64FFADFDD0F971FD0512BA" box="[533,649,1764,1790]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="61">S. jayantii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
distinguishes itself by its deltoid-shaped nectaries, calyx lobes smaller than the corolla lobes, slightly incurved corolla lobes and leaves lacking a cordate base (see
<tableCitation id="C6CC0301BB64FFADFB5CF89DFB611366" box="[1177,1261,1800,1826]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[136,224,159,183]" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphological comparison between Swertia cordata and Swertia jayantii." pageId="4" pageNumber="61">Table 1</tableCitation>
<tableCitation id="C6CC0301BB64FFADFB5CF89DFB611366" box="[1177,1261,1800,1826]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="6.[136,224,159,183]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="TABLE 1. Morphological comparison between Swertia cordata and Swertia jayantii." pageId="4" pageNumber="61">Table 1</tableCitation>
and
<figureCitation id="13752A3FBB64FFADFAE1F89DFA0F1366" box="[1316,1411,1800,1826]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1952,1974]" captionTargetBox="[203,1385,190,1928]" captionTargetId="figure-17@5.[203,1385,190,1928]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 4. Comparison between characters of Swertia jayantii (a1e1) and Swertia cordata (a2e2): a1,2. Single flower; b1,2. Petal shape; c1,2. Nectary; d1,2. Calyx; e1,2. Leaf. (Prepared by Amber Srivastava)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13213496" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13213496/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="61">Figure 4</figureCitation>
for visual representation).
</paragraph>
<caption id="DF316632BB65FFACFF4DF835FC991398" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13213496" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13213496" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13213496/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="62" startId="5.[136,229,1952,1974]" targetBox="[203,1385,190,1928]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="8BF136BABB65FFACFF4DF835FC991398" blockId="5.[136,1452,1952,2012]" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">
<emphasis id="B93AEAA8BB65FFACFF4DF835FF7213F2" bold="true" box="[136,254,1952,1974]" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Comparison between characters of
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D39BB65FFACFD9DF834FD7C13F2" box="[600,752,1953,1974]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gentianaceae" genus="Swertia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="5" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jayantii">
<emphasis id="B93AEAA8BB65FFACFD9DF834FD7C13F2" box="[600,752,1953,1974]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">Swertia jayantii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="B93AEAA8BB65FFACFD3AF834FCA313E8" bold="true" box="[767,815,1952,1974]" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">
a
<superScript id="7C3B9BF2BB65FFACFCCEF835FC9E13E8" attach="left" box="[779,786,1952,1964]" fontSize="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">1</superScript>
e
<superScript id="7C3B9BF2BB65FFACFCEDF835FCA313E8" attach="left" box="[808,815,1952,1964]" fontSize="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">1</superScript>
</emphasis>
) and
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D39BB65FFACFCA2F834FB8C13F2" authorityName="Wallich ex Clarke" authorityYear="1883" baseAuthorityName="G. Don" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[871,1024,1953,1974]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gentianaceae" genus="Swertia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="5" pageNumber="62" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cordata">
<emphasis id="B93AEAA8BB65FFACFCA2F834FB8C13F2" box="[871,1024,1953,1974]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">Swertia cordata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<emphasis id="B93AEAA8BB65FFACFBCBF834FBB313E8" bold="true" box="[1038,1087,1952,1974]" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">
a
<superScript id="7C3B9BF2BB65FFACFBDFF835FBAD13E8" attach="left" box="[1050,1057,1952,1964]" fontSize="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">2</superScript>
e
<superScript id="7C3B9BF2BB65FFACFBFDF835FBB313E8" attach="left" box="[1080,1087,1952,1964]" fontSize="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">2</superScript>
</emphasis>
):
<emphasis id="B93AEAA8BB65FFACFB91F834FBFB13F2" bold="true" box="[1108,1143,1952,1974]" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">
a
<superScript id="7C3B9BF2BB65FFACFBA5F835FBFD13E8" attach="left" box="[1120,1137,1952,1964]" fontSize="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">1,2</superScript>
.
</emphasis>
Single flower;
<emphasis id="B93AEAA8BB65FFACFAC8F834FABE13F2" bold="true" box="[1293,1330,1952,1974]" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">
b
<superScript id="7C3B9BF2BB65FFACFADFF835FAA713E8" attach="left" box="[1306,1323,1952,1964]" fontSize="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">1,2</superScript>
.
</emphasis>
Petal shape;
<emphasis id="B93AEAA8BB65FFACFF4DF850FF26139E" bold="true" box="[136,170,1988,2010]" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">
c
<superScript id="7C3B9BF2BB65FFACFF56F851FF281394" attach="left" box="[147,164,1988,2000]" fontSize="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">1,2</superScript>
.
</emphasis>
Nectary;
<emphasis id="B93AEAA8BB65FFACFECCF850FEA2139E" bold="true" box="[265,302,1988,2010]" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">
d
<superScript id="7C3B9BF2BB65FFACFED3F851FEAB1394" attach="left" box="[278,295,1988,2000]" fontSize="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">1,2</superScript>
.
</emphasis>
Calyx;
<emphasis id="B93AEAA8BB65FFACFEBFF850FE10139E" bold="true" box="[378,412,1988,2010]" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">
e
<superScript id="7C3B9BF2BB65FFACFE41F851FE191394" attach="left" box="[388,405,1988,2000]" fontSize="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="62">1,2</superScript>
.
</emphasis>
Leaf. (Prepared by Amber Srivastava).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="DF316632BB66FFAFFF4DFF0AFB9414F3" box="[136,1048,159,183]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" startId="6.[136,224,159,183]" targetType="table">
<paragraph id="8BF136BABB66FFAFFF4DFF0AFB9414F3" blockId="6.[136,1048,159,183]" box="[136,1048,159,183]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="B93AEAA8BB66FFAFFF4DFF0AFF7714F3" bold="true" box="[136,251,159,183]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">TABLE 1.</emphasis>
Morphological comparison between
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D39BB66FFAFFD4FFF0AFCB814F3" authorityName="Wallich ex Clarke" authorityYear="1883" baseAuthorityName="G. Don" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[650,820,159,183]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gentianaceae" genus="Swertia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cordata">
<emphasis id="B93AEAA8BB66FFAFFD4FFF0AFCB814F3" box="[650,820,159,183]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Swertia cordata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D39BB66FFAFFCADFF0AFB9D14F3" box="[872,1041,159,183]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gentianaceae" genus="Swertia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jayantii">
<emphasis id="B93AEAA8BB66FFAFFCADFF0AFB9D14F3" box="[872,1041,159,183]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Swertia jayantii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="8BF136BABB66FFAFFF55FF5AFC3B16EE" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<table id="F94EC41ABB660056FF55FF5AFA1816EE" box="[144,1428,207,682]" gridcols="3" gridrows="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<tr id="357E34F8BB660056FF55FF5AFA1814A1" box="[144,1428,207,229]" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<th id="76AF5D84BB660056FF55FF5AFE8F14A1" box="[144,259,207,229]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="B93AEAA8BB66FFAFFF55FF5AFE8F14A1" bold="true" box="[144,259,207,229]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Characters</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="76AF5D84BB660056FEDBFF5AFCEC14A1" box="[286,864,207,229]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D39BB66FFAFFEDBFF5AFE3614A1" authorityName="Wallich ex Clarke" authorityYear="1883" baseAuthorityName="G. Don" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[286,442,207,229]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gentianaceae" genus="Swertia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cordata">
<emphasis id="B93AEAA8BB66FFAFFEDBFF5AFE3614A1" bold="true" box="[286,442,207,229]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Swertia cordata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</th>
<th id="76AF5D84BB660056FCBDFF5AFA1814A1" box="[888,1428,207,229]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="B93AEAA8BB66FFAFFCBDFF5AFBE814A1" bold="true" box="[888,1124,207,229]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D39BB66FFAFFCBDFF5AFB9814A0" box="[888,1044,207,228]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gentianaceae" genus="Swertia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jayantii" status="sp. nov.">Swertia jayantii</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A20957D3BB66FFAFFBDCFF45FBE814A1" box="[1049,1124,208,229]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="357E34F8BB660056FF55FE93FA181558" box="[144,1428,262,284]" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<th id="76AF5D84BB660056FF55FE93FE8F1558" box="[144,259,262,284]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Plant height</th>
<td id="76AF5D84BB660056FEDBFE93FCEC1558" box="[286,864,262,284]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Upto 80 cm, sparingly branched from the upper half of stem</td>
<td id="76AF5D84BB660056FCBDFE93FA181558" box="[888,1428,262,284]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Upto 50 cm high, solitary or branched mainly from base</td>
</tr>
<tr id="357E34F8BB660056FF55FEA9FA181516" box="[144,1428,316,338]" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<th id="76AF5D84BB660056FF55FEA9FE8F1516" box="[144,259,316,338]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Stem</th>
<td id="76AF5D84BB660056FEDBFEA9FCEC1516" box="[286,864,316,338]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Quadrangular, edges narrowly winged somewhat dentate</td>
<td id="76AF5D84BB660056FCBDFEA9FA181516" box="[888,1428,316,338]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Quadrangular, edges uniformly winged</td>
</tr>
<tr id="357E34F8BB660056FF55FEE6FA1815CD" box="[144,1428,371,393]" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<th id="76AF5D84BB660056FF55FEE6FE8F15CD" box="[144,259,371,393]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Flower</th>
<td id="76AF5D84BB660056FEDBFEE6FCEC15CD" box="[286,864,371,393]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">1.51.8 cm across</td>
<td id="76AF5D84BB660056FCBDFEE6FA1815CD" box="[888,1428,371,393]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">1.82.2 cm across</td>
</tr>
<tr id="357E34F8BB660056FF55FE3CFA1815A7" box="[144,1428,425,483]" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<th id="76AF5D84BB660056FF55FE3CFE8F15A7" box="[144,259,425,483]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Corolla</th>
<td id="76AF5D84BB660056FEDBFE3CFCEC15A7" box="[286,864,425,483]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Yellowish-white or white with dark purple veins</td>
<td id="76AF5D84BB660056FCBDFE3CFA1815A7" box="[888,1428,425,483]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Bluish-white with bluish-purple veins, margins slightly incurved</td>
</tr>
<tr id="357E34F8BB660056FF55FD96FA18165E" box="[144,1428,515,538]" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<th id="76AF5D84BB660056FF55FD96FE8F165E" box="[144,259,515,538]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Nectary</th>
<td id="76AF5D84BB660056FEDBFD96FCEC165E" box="[286,864,515,538]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Rounded or ovoid, flat naked patch, 1.51.9 mm</td>
<td id="76AF5D84BB660056FCBDFD96FA18165E" box="[888,1428,515,538]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Deltoid, slightly raised, 1.21.4 mm</td>
</tr>
<tr id="357E34F8BB660056FF55FDAFFA181614" box="[144,1428,570,592]" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<th id="76AF5D84BB660056FF55FDAFFE8F1614" box="[144,259,570,592]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Calyx</th>
<td id="76AF5D84BB660056FEDBFDAFFCEC1614" box="[286,864,570,592]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Equal or longer than corolla, 7.59.5 mm</td>
<td id="76AF5D84BB660056FCBDFDAFFA181614" box="[888,1428,570,592]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Half or shorter than corolla, 5.59.0 mm</td>
</tr>
<tr id="357E34F8BB660056FF55FDE5FA1816EE" box="[144,1428,624,682]" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<th id="76AF5D84BB660056FF55FDE5FE8F16EE" box="[144,259,624,682]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Leaf</th>
<td id="76AF5D84BB660056FEDBFDE5FCEC16EE" box="[286,864,624,682]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Broadly ovate or cordate, base sub-amplexicaule</td>
<td id="76AF5D84BB660056FCBDFDE5FA1816EE" box="[888,1428,624,682]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Oblong-lanceolate or ovate-lanceolate, base rounded or obtuse</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF136BABB66FFAFFF4DFD77FDB116B8" blockId="6.[136,573,738,764]" box="[136,573,738,764]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
Key to the species of Series
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D39BB66FFAFFE00FD77FDB116B8" box="[453,573,738,764]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" rank="series" series="Maculatae">
<emphasis id="B93AEAA8BB66FFAFFE00FD77FDB116B8" box="[453,573,738,764]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Maculatae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF136BABB66FFAFFF4DFCBFFA9A172C" blockId="6.[136,1451,810,872]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D39BB66FFAFFF4DFCBFFEB71700" box="[136,315,810,836]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gentianaceae" genus="Swertia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jayantii">
<emphasis id="B93AEAA8BB66FFAFFF4DFCBFFEB71700" box="[136,315,810,836]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Swertia jayantii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
belongs to
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D39BB66FFAFFE78FCBFFB951700" box="[445,1049,810,836]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gentianaceae" genus="Swertia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="series" section="Ophelia" series="Maculatae" subGenus="Ophelia">
<emphasis id="B93AEAA8BB66FFAFFE78FCBFFD9F1700" box="[445,531,810,836]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Swertia</emphasis>
subgen.
<emphasis id="B93AEAA8BB66FFAFFDB2FCBFFD5D1700" box="[631,721,810,836]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Ophelia</emphasis>
sect.
<emphasis id="B93AEAA8BB66FFAFFCD6FCBFFCE11700" box="[787,877,810,836]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Ophelia</emphasis>
ser.
<emphasis id="B93AEAA8BB66FFAFFC64FCBFFB951700" box="[929,1049,810,836]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Maculatae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
due to the presence of single naked nectary on each corolla lobe. The taxonomic key for members of this group found in
<collectingCountry id="F359762ABB66FFAFFB84FCDBFBF7172C" box="[1089,1147,846,872]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">India</collectingCountry>
is as follows:
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3546531BB66FFAFFF4DFC07FA2617BA" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" type="key">
<key id="FFDF618BBB66FFAFFF4DFC07FA2617BA" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<keyStep id="30BA2E1FBB66FFAFFF4DFC07FA3D1780" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<paragraph id="8BF136BABB66FFAFFF4DFC07FA2717E3" blockId="6.[136,1457,914,1023]" box="[136,1451,914,936]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<keyLead id="30BF958FBB66FFAFFF4DFC07FA2717E3" box="[136,1451,914,936]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">1a. Nectary 1 at the base of corolla lobe .................................................................................................................................................2.</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF136BABB66FFAFFF4DFC3AFA3D1780" blockId="6.[136,1457,914,1023]" box="[136,1457,943,965]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<keyLead id="30BF958FBB66FFAFFF4DFC3AFA3D1780" box="[136,1457,943,965]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
1b. Nectaries 2 at the mid or upper half of corolla lobe .......................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D39BB66FFAFFAE2FC3AFA3D1780" ID-CoL="53JP2" box="[1319,1457,943,964]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gentianaceae" genus="Swertia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bimaculata">
<emphasis id="B93AEAA8BB66FFAFFAE2FC3AFA3D1780" box="[1319,1457,943,964]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">S. bimaculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="30BA2E1FBB66FFAFFF4DFC59FA2617BA" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<paragraph id="8BF136BABB66FFAFFF4DFC59FA2717A5" blockId="6.[136,1457,914,1023]" box="[136,1451,972,994]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<keyLead id="30BF958FBB66FFAFFF4DFC59FA2717A5" box="[136,1451,972,994]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
2a. Nectary rounded or ovoid, flat ............................................................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D39BB66FFAFFA8CFC59FA2717A5" ID-CoL="7B66D" authorityName="Wallich ex Clarke" authorityYear="1883" baseAuthorityName="G. Don" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[1353,1451,972,993]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gentianaceae" genus="Swertia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cordata">
<emphasis id="B93AEAA8BB66FFAFFA8CFC59FA2717A5" box="[1353,1451,972,993]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">S. cordata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF136BABB66FFAFFF4DFC7CFA2617BA" blockId="6.[136,1457,914,1023]" box="[136,1450,1001,1023]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<keyLead id="30BF958FBB66FFAFFF4DFC7CFA2617BA" box="[136,1450,1001,1023]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
2b. Nectary deltoid, slightly raised............................................................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D39BB66FFAFFA8CFC7CFA2617BA" ID-CoL="C8FDR" box="[1353,1450,1001,1022]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gentianaceae" genus="Swertia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jayantii">
<emphasis id="B93AEAA8BB66FFAFFA8CFC7CFA2617BA" box="[1353,1450,1001,1022]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">S. jayantii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
</key>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
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<mods:title id="8877FD36BA807DE926D82F597CF58111">Swertia jayantii (Gentianaceae): a new species from North-East India</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="8C8B7299669FF837C693DAC8935FF700">Srivastava, Amber</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9B82E5F6AEECF426AC858005F8194EA3">Botanic Garden Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226001, India.</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="51B843B57331B5D21670948032749A1E">Khuraijam, Jibankumar Singh</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C3507D3ABBE44248C341993991EE292C">Botanic Garden Division, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh 226001, India.</mods:affiliation>
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Key to the species of Series
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D39BB66FFAFFE00FD77FDB116B8" authority="T. N. Ho &amp; S. W. Liu" box="[453,573,738,764]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gentianaceae" genus="Swertia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="series" series="Maculatae">
<emphasis id="B93AEAA8BB66FFAFFE00FD77FDB116B8" box="[453,573,738,764]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Maculatae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3546531BB66FFAFFF4DFCBFFA9A172C" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" type="description">
<paragraph id="8BF136BABB66FFAFFF4DFCBFFA9A172C" blockId="6.[136,1451,810,872]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D39BB66FFAFFF4DFCBFFEB71700" box="[136,315,810,836]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gentianaceae" genus="Swertia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jayantii">
<emphasis id="B93AEAA8BB66FFAFFF4DFCBFFEB71700" box="[136,315,810,836]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Swertia jayantii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
belongs to
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D39BB66FFAFFE78FCBFFB951700" box="[445,1049,810,836]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gentianaceae" genus="Swertia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="series" section="Ophelia" series="Maculatae" subGenus="Ophelia">
<emphasis id="B93AEAA8BB66FFAFFE78FCBFFD9F1700" box="[445,531,810,836]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Swertia</emphasis>
subgen.
<emphasis id="B93AEAA8BB66FFAFFDB2FCBFFD5D1700" box="[631,721,810,836]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Ophelia</emphasis>
sect.
<emphasis id="B93AEAA8BB66FFAFFCD6FCBFFCE11700" box="[787,877,810,836]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Ophelia</emphasis>
ser.
<emphasis id="B93AEAA8BB66FFAFFC64FCBFFB951700" box="[929,1049,810,836]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">Maculatae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
due to the presence of single naked nectary on each corolla lobe. The taxonomic key for members of this group found in
<collectingCountry id="F359762ABB66FFAFFB84FCDBFBF7172C" box="[1089,1147,846,872]" name="India" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">India</collectingCountry>
is as follows:
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C3546531BB66FFAFFF4DFC07FA2617BA" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" type="key">
<key id="FFDF618BBB66FFAFFF4DFC07FA2617BA" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<keyStep id="30BA2E1FBB66FFAFFF4DFC07FA3D1780" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<paragraph id="8BF136BABB66FFAFFF4DFC07FA2717E3" blockId="6.[136,1457,914,1023]" box="[136,1451,914,936]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<keyLead id="30BF958FBB66FFAFFF4DFC07FA2717E3" box="[136,1451,914,936]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">1a. Nectary 1 at the base of corolla lobe .................................................................................................................................................2.</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="8BF136BABB66FFAFFF4DFC3AFA3D1780" blockId="6.[136,1457,914,1023]" box="[136,1457,943,965]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<keyLead id="30BF958FBB66FFAFFF4DFC3AFA3D1780" box="[136,1457,943,965]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
1b. Nectaries 2 at the mid or upper half of corolla lobe .......................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D39BB66FFAFFAE2FC3AFA3D1780" ID-CoL="53JP2" box="[1319,1457,943,964]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gentianaceae" genus="Swertia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bimaculata">
<emphasis id="B93AEAA8BB66FFAFFAE2FC3AFA3D1780" box="[1319,1457,943,964]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">S. bimaculata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
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<keyStep id="30BA2E1FBB66FFAFFF4DFC59FA2617BA" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<paragraph id="8BF136BABB66FFAFFF4DFC59FA2717A5" blockId="6.[136,1457,914,1023]" box="[136,1451,972,994]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<keyLead id="30BF958FBB66FFAFFF4DFC59FA2717A5" box="[136,1451,972,994]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
2a. Nectary rounded or ovoid, flat ............................................................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D39BB66FFAFFA8CFC59FA2717A5" ID-CoL="7B66D" authorityName="Wallich ex Clarke" authorityYear="1883" baseAuthorityName="G. Don" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[1353,1451,972,993]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gentianaceae" genus="Swertia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cordata">
<emphasis id="B93AEAA8BB66FFAFFA8CFC59FA2717A5" box="[1353,1451,972,993]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">S. cordata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
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<paragraph id="8BF136BABB66FFAFFF4DFC7CFA2617BA" blockId="6.[136,1457,914,1023]" box="[136,1450,1001,1023]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
<keyLead id="30BF958FBB66FFAFFF4DFC7CFA2617BA" box="[136,1450,1001,1023]" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">
2b. Nectary deltoid, slightly raised............................................................................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="4C4E4D39BB66FFAFFA8CFC7CFA2617BA" ID-CoL="C8FDR" box="[1353,1450,1001,1022]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Gentianaceae" genus="Swertia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="6" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="jayantii">
<emphasis id="B93AEAA8BB66FFAFFA8CFC7CFA2617BA" box="[1353,1450,1001,1022]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="63">S. jayantii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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@ -1,45 +1,46 @@
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@ -56,7 +57,7 @@ Yakovlev
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<figureCitation id="9AA6F0F4FFB4FF963C41FAFF4915FA7A" box="[1055,1151,1405,1429]" captionStart="Figs 13" captionStartId="1.[226,263,1993,2012]" captionTargetBox="[284,1290,618,1958]" captionTargetId="figure-132@1.[283,1290,618,1959]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figs 13. Tarsozeuzera prashkevitchi Yakovlev, sp.n.,: 1 — habitus, holotype, ♂; 2 — habitus, paratype, ♀; 3 — genitalia of holotype (slide 010315543). Рис. 13. Tarsozeuzera prashkevitchi Yakovlev, sp.n.: 1 — голотип, ♂; 2 — паратип, ♀; 3 — гениталии голотипа (slide 010315543)." pageId="0" pageNumber="207">Figs 13</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="9AA6F0F4FFB4FF963C41FAFF4915FA7A" box="[1055,1151,1405,1429]" captionStart="Figs 13" captionStartId="1.[226,263,1993,2012]" captionTargetBox="[284,1290,618,1958]" captionTargetId="figure-132@1.[283,1290,618,1959]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figs 13. Tarsozeuzera prashkevitchi Yakovlev, sp.n.,: 1 — habitus, holotype, ♂; 2 — habitus, paratype, ♀; 3 — genitalia of holotype (slide 010315543). Рис. 13. Tarsozeuzera prashkevitchi Yakovlev, sp.n.: 1 — голотип, ♂; 2 — паратип, ♀; 3 — гениталии голотипа (slide 010315543)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13375168" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13375168/files/figure.png" pageId="0" pageNumber="207">Figs 13</figureCitation>
.
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@ -216,7 +217,7 @@ is significantly narrower basally (in
the valve is wide, with even edges).
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Figs 13.
<taxonomicName id="C59D97F2FFB5FF973967F8484FE8F833" authority="Yakovlev" authorityName="Yakovlev" authorityYear="2020" box="[313,642,1993,2012]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Tarsozeuzera" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="208" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="prashkevitchi" status="sp. nov.">

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Dyar, 1910
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(
<figureCitation id="B7CD2A62851A2964C2CEFCCC8694FCC2" box="[195,251,841,860]" captionStart="Figs 14" captionStartId="1.[226,263,1969,1988]" captionTargetBox="[192,1387,1174,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-568@1.[189,1399,1174,1931]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figs 14. Brypoctia, adults: 1 — B. punctifer, ♂, Grenada (NHMUK); 2 — B. punctifer, ♂, Martinique, Colson, 24.IV.2001, J. &amp; Cl. Pierre (MNHN); 3 — B. strigifer, ♂, holotype, Orizaba, Mex. (USNM); 4 — B. ramosa, ♂, holotype, Rio Janeiro. (USNM). Рис. 14. Brypoctia, имаго: 1. B. punctifer, ♂, Гренада (NHMUK); 2 — B. punctifer, ♂, Мартиника, Колсон, 24.IV.2001, J. &amp; Cl. Pierre (MNHN); 3 — B. strigifer, ♂, голотип, ОриЗаба, Мексика. (USNM); 4 — B. ramosa, ♂, голотип, Рио-де-Жанейро. (USNM)." pageId="1" pageNumber="94">Figs 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="B7CD2A62851A2964C2CEFCCC8694FCC2" box="[195,251,841,860]" captionStart="Figs 14" captionStartId="1.[226,263,1969,1988]" captionTargetBox="[192,1387,1174,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-568@1.[189,1399,1174,1931]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figs 14. Brypoctia, adults: 1 — B. punctifer, ♂, Grenada (NHMUK); 2 — B. punctifer, ♂, Martinique, Colson, 24.IV.2001, J. &amp; Cl. Pierre (MNHN); 3 — B. strigifer, ♂, holotype, Orizaba, Mex. (USNM); 4 — B. ramosa, ♂, holotype, Rio Janeiro. (USNM). Рис. 14. Brypoctia, имаго: 1. B. punctifer, ♂, Гренада (NHMUK); 2 — B. punctifer, ♂, Мартиника, Колсон, 24.IV.2001, J. &amp; Cl. Pierre (MNHN); 3 — B. strigifer, ♂, голотип, ОриЗаба, Мексика. (USNM); 4 — B. ramosa, ♂, голотип, Рио-де-Жанейро. (USNM)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13375116" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13375116/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="94">Figs 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="B7CD2A62851A2964C30BFCCC877CFCC2" box="[262,275,841,860]" captionStart="Figs 58" captionStartId="2.[226,263,1944,1963]" captionTargetBox="[201,1387,781,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-103@2.[189,1399,772,1934]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs 58. Brypoctia, male genitalia: 5 — B. punctifer, Grenada (NHMUK); 6 — B. punctifer, Martinique (MNHN); 7 — B. strigifer, Mexico, Oaxaca Prov., Metates, 40 km S Valle national (GenPr Heterocera MWM: 28.541, MWM); 8 — B. ramosa, Brasil, Espirito Santo, Santa Teresa (GenPr Heterocera MWM: 28.548). Рис. 58. Brypoctia, гениталии самцов: 5 — B. punctifer, Гренада (NHMUK); 6 — B. punctifer, Мартиника (MNHN); 7 — B. strigifer, Мексика (GenPr Heterocera MWM: 28.541, MWM); 8 — B. ramosa, БраЗилиЯ (GenPr Heterocera MWM: 28.548)." pageId="1" pageNumber="94">7</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="B7CD2A62851A2964C30BFCCC877CFCC2" box="[262,275,841,860]" captionStart="Figs 58" captionStartId="2.[226,263,1944,1963]" captionTargetBox="[201,1387,781,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-103@2.[189,1399,772,1934]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs 58. Brypoctia, male genitalia: 5 — B. punctifer, Grenada (NHMUK); 6 — B. punctifer, Martinique (MNHN); 7 — B. strigifer, Mexico, Oaxaca Prov., Metates, 40 km S Valle national (GenPr Heterocera MWM: 28.541, MWM); 8 — B. ramosa, Brasil, Espirito Santo, Santa Teresa (GenPr Heterocera MWM: 28.548). Рис. 58. Brypoctia, гениталии самцов: 5 — B. punctifer, Гренада (NHMUK); 6 — B. punctifer, Мартиника (MNHN); 7 — B. strigifer, Мексика (GenPr Heterocera MWM: 28.541, MWM); 8 — B. ramosa, БраЗилиЯ (GenPr Heterocera MWM: 28.548)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13375118" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13375118/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="94">7</figureCitation>
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View file

@ -1,56 +1,59 @@
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<figureCitation id="B7CD2A62851A2964C399FC0B879CFC38" box="[404,499,910,934]" captionStart="Figs 14" captionStartId="1.[226,263,1969,1988]" captionTargetBox="[192,1387,1174,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-568@1.[189,1399,1174,1931]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figs 14. Brypoctia, adults: 1 — B. punctifer, ♂, Grenada (NHMUK); 2 — B. punctifer, ♂, Martinique, Colson, 24.IV.2001, J. &amp; Cl. Pierre (MNHN); 3 — B. strigifer, ♂, holotype, Orizaba, Mex. (USNM); 4 — B. ramosa, ♂, holotype, Rio Janeiro. (USNM). Рис. 14. Brypoctia, имаго: 1. B. punctifer, ♂, Гренада (NHMUK); 2 — B. punctifer, ♂, Мартиника, Колсон, 24.IV.2001, J. &amp; Cl. Pierre (MNHN); 3 — B. strigifer, ♂, голотип, ОриЗаба, Мексика. (USNM); 4 — B. ramosa, ♂, голотип, Рио-де-Жанейро. (USNM)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13375116" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13375116/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="94">Figs 12</figureCitation>
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<figureCitation id="B7CD2A62851A2964C00DFC0B8444FC38" box="[512,555,910,934]" captionStart="Figs 58" captionStartId="2.[226,263,1944,1963]" captionTargetBox="[201,1387,781,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-103@2.[189,1399,772,1934]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs 58. Brypoctia, male genitalia: 5 — B. punctifer, Grenada (NHMUK); 6 — B. punctifer, Martinique (MNHN); 7 — B. strigifer, Mexico, Oaxaca Prov., Metates, 40 km S Valle national (GenPr Heterocera MWM: 28.541, MWM); 8 — B. ramosa, Brasil, Espirito Santo, Santa Teresa (GenPr Heterocera MWM: 28.548). Рис. 58. Brypoctia, гениталии самцов: 5 — B. punctifer, Гренада (NHMUK); 6 — B. punctifer, Мартиника (MNHN); 7 — B. strigifer, Мексика (GenPr Heterocera MWM: 28.541, MWM); 8 — B. ramosa, БраЗилиЯ (GenPr Heterocera MWM: 28.548)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13375118" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13375118/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="94">56</figureCitation>
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@ -274,18 +277,18 @@ is very close to that of the other specimens of the genus. For example, in the s
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<collectingCountry id="57E17677851A2964C165FB8E85BFFBBF" box="[872,976,1035,1057]" name="Guatemala" pageId="1" pageNumber="94">Guatemala</collectingCountry>
,Columbia) (
<figureCitation id="B7CD2A62851A2964C64BFB8E82EFFBBE" box="[1094,1152,1035,1057]" captionStart="Figs 14" captionStartId="1.[226,263,1969,1988]" captionTargetBox="[192,1387,1174,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-568@1.[189,1399,1174,1931]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figs 14. Brypoctia, adults: 1 — B. punctifer, ♂, Grenada (NHMUK); 2 — B. punctifer, ♂, Martinique, Colson, 24.IV.2001, J. &amp; Cl. Pierre (MNHN); 3 — B. strigifer, ♂, holotype, Orizaba, Mex. (USNM); 4 — B. ramosa, ♂, holotype, Rio Janeiro. (USNM). Рис. 14. Brypoctia, имаго: 1. B. punctifer, ♂, Гренада (NHMUK); 2 — B. punctifer, ♂, Мартиника, Колсон, 24.IV.2001, J. &amp; Cl. Pierre (MNHN); 3 — B. strigifer, ♂, голотип, ОриЗаба, Мексика. (USNM); 4 — B. ramosa, ♂, голотип, Рио-де-Жанейро. (USNM)." pageId="1" pageNumber="94">Figs 3</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="B7CD2A62851A2964C64BFB8E82EFFBBE" box="[1094,1152,1035,1057]" captionStart="Figs 14" captionStartId="1.[226,263,1969,1988]" captionTargetBox="[192,1387,1174,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-568@1.[189,1399,1174,1931]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figs 14. Brypoctia, adults: 1 — B. punctifer, ♂, Grenada (NHMUK); 2 — B. punctifer, ♂, Martinique, Colson, 24.IV.2001, J. &amp; Cl. Pierre (MNHN); 3 — B. strigifer, ♂, holotype, Orizaba, Mex. (USNM); 4 — B. ramosa, ♂, holotype, Rio Janeiro. (USNM). Рис. 14. Brypoctia, имаго: 1. B. punctifer, ♂, Гренада (NHMUK); 2 — B. punctifer, ♂, Мартиника, Колсон, 24.IV.2001, J. &amp; Cl. Pierre (MNHN); 3 — B. strigifer, ♂, голотип, ОриЗаба, Мексика. (USNM); 4 — B. ramosa, ♂, голотип, Рио-де-Жанейро. (USNM)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13375116" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13375116/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="94">Figs 3</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="B7CD2A62851A2964C685FB8E82FBFBBE" box="[1160,1172,1035,1056]" captionStart="Figs 58" captionStartId="2.[226,263,1944,1963]" captionTargetBox="[201,1387,781,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-103@2.[189,1399,772,1934]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs 58. Brypoctia, male genitalia: 5 — B. punctifer, Grenada (NHMUK); 6 — B. punctifer, Martinique (MNHN); 7 — B. strigifer, Mexico, Oaxaca Prov., Metates, 40 km S Valle national (GenPr Heterocera MWM: 28.541, MWM); 8 — B. ramosa, Brasil, Espirito Santo, Santa Teresa (GenPr Heterocera MWM: 28.548). Рис. 58. Brypoctia, гениталии самцов: 5 — B. punctifer, Гренада (NHMUK); 6 — B. punctifer, Мартиника (MNHN); 7 — B. strigifer, Мексика (GenPr Heterocera MWM: 28.541, MWM); 8 — B. ramosa, БраЗилиЯ (GenPr Heterocera MWM: 28.548)." pageId="1" pageNumber="94">7</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="B7CD2A62851A2964C685FB8E82FBFBBE" box="[1160,1172,1035,1056]" captionStart="Figs 58" captionStartId="2.[226,263,1944,1963]" captionTargetBox="[201,1387,781,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-103@2.[189,1399,772,1934]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs 58. Brypoctia, male genitalia: 5 — B. punctifer, Grenada (NHMUK); 6 — B. punctifer, Martinique (MNHN); 7 — B. strigifer, Mexico, Oaxaca Prov., Metates, 40 km S Valle national (GenPr Heterocera MWM: 28.541, MWM); 8 — B. ramosa, Brasil, Espirito Santo, Santa Teresa (GenPr Heterocera MWM: 28.548). Рис. 58. Brypoctia, гениталии самцов: 5 — B. punctifer, Гренада (NHMUK); 6 — B. punctifer, Мартиника (MNHN); 7 — B. strigifer, Мексика (GenPr Heterocera MWM: 28.541, MWM); 8 — B. ramosa, БраЗилиЯ (GenPr Heterocera MWM: 28.548)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13375118" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13375118/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="94">7</figureCitation>
) and
<taxonomicName id="E8F64D64851A2964C6C9FB89850BFBA5" authority="(Schaus, 1892)" baseAuthorityName="Schaus" baseAuthorityYear="1892" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Brypoctia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="94" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ramosa">
<emphasis id="1D82EAF5851A2964C6C9FB89834CFBBF" box="[1220,1315,1036,1057]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="94">B. ramosa</emphasis>
(Schaus, 1892)
</taxonomicName>
(Distribution: Brasilia) (
<figureCitation id="B7CD2A62851A2964C653FBA382CDFBA5" box="[1118,1186,1062,1084]" captionStart="Figs 14" captionStartId="1.[226,263,1969,1988]" captionTargetBox="[192,1387,1174,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-568@1.[189,1399,1174,1931]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figs 14. Brypoctia, adults: 1 — B. punctifer, ♂, Grenada (NHMUK); 2 — B. punctifer, ♂, Martinique, Colson, 24.IV.2001, J. &amp; Cl. Pierre (MNHN); 3 — B. strigifer, ♂, holotype, Orizaba, Mex. (USNM); 4 — B. ramosa, ♂, holotype, Rio Janeiro. (USNM). Рис. 14. Brypoctia, имаго: 1. B. punctifer, ♂, Гренада (NHMUK); 2 — B. punctifer, ♂, Мартиника, Колсон, 24.IV.2001, J. &amp; Cl. Pierre (MNHN); 3 — B. strigifer, ♂, голотип, ОриЗаба, Мексика. (USNM); 4 — B. ramosa, ♂, голотип, Рио-де-Жанейро. (USNM)." pageId="1" pageNumber="94">Figs 4</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="B7CD2A62851A2964C653FBA382CDFBA5" box="[1118,1186,1062,1084]" captionStart="Figs 14" captionStartId="1.[226,263,1969,1988]" captionTargetBox="[192,1387,1174,1926]" captionTargetId="figure-568@1.[189,1399,1174,1931]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="Figs 14. Brypoctia, adults: 1 — B. punctifer, ♂, Grenada (NHMUK); 2 — B. punctifer, ♂, Martinique, Colson, 24.IV.2001, J. &amp; Cl. Pierre (MNHN); 3 — B. strigifer, ♂, holotype, Orizaba, Mex. (USNM); 4 — B. ramosa, ♂, holotype, Rio Janeiro. (USNM). Рис. 14. Brypoctia, имаго: 1. B. punctifer, ♂, Гренада (NHMUK); 2 — B. punctifer, ♂, Мартиника, Колсон, 24.IV.2001, J. &amp; Cl. Pierre (MNHN); 3 — B. strigifer, ♂, голотип, ОриЗаба, Мексика. (USNM); 4 — B. ramosa, ♂, голотип, Рио-де-Жанейро. (USNM)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13375116" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13375116/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="94">Figs 4</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="B7CD2A62851A2964C6BCFBA382D2FBA5" box="[1201,1213,1062,1083]" captionStart="Figs 58" captionStartId="2.[226,263,1944,1963]" captionTargetBox="[201,1387,781,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-103@2.[189,1399,772,1934]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs 58. Brypoctia, male genitalia: 5 — B. punctifer, Grenada (NHMUK); 6 — B. punctifer, Martinique (MNHN); 7 — B. strigifer, Mexico, Oaxaca Prov., Metates, 40 km S Valle national (GenPr Heterocera MWM: 28.541, MWM); 8 — B. ramosa, Brasil, Espirito Santo, Santa Teresa (GenPr Heterocera MWM: 28.548). Рис. 58. Brypoctia, гениталии самцов: 5 — B. punctifer, Гренада (NHMUK); 6 — B. punctifer, Мартиника (MNHN); 7 — B. strigifer, Мексика (GenPr Heterocera MWM: 28.541, MWM); 8 — B. ramosa, БраЗилиЯ (GenPr Heterocera MWM: 28.548)." pageId="1" pageNumber="94">8</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="B7CD2A62851A2964C6BCFBA382D2FBA5" box="[1201,1213,1062,1083]" captionStart="Figs 58" captionStartId="2.[226,263,1944,1963]" captionTargetBox="[201,1387,781,1916]" captionTargetId="figure-103@2.[189,1399,772,1934]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="Figs 58. Brypoctia, male genitalia: 5 — B. punctifer, Grenada (NHMUK); 6 — B. punctifer, Martinique (MNHN); 7 — B. strigifer, Mexico, Oaxaca Prov., Metates, 40 km S Valle national (GenPr Heterocera MWM: 28.541, MWM); 8 — B. ramosa, Brasil, Espirito Santo, Santa Teresa (GenPr Heterocera MWM: 28.548). Рис. 58. Brypoctia, гениталии самцов: 5 — B. punctifer, Гренада (NHMUK); 6 — B. punctifer, Мартиника (MNHN); 7 — B. strigifer, Мексика (GenPr Heterocera MWM: 28.541, MWM); 8 — B. ramosa, БраЗилиЯ (GenPr Heterocera MWM: 28.548)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13375118" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13375118/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="94">8</figureCitation>
) the shape of the uncus, valves and gnathos arms etc., is practically identical. The most indicative external characters are: 1) antenna colour (thus,
<taxonomicName id="E8F64D6485192967C2FAFED2870AFEF5" authorityName="Kokhia &amp; Evsyukov &amp; Golovatch" authorityYear="2020" baseAuthorityName="Hampson" baseAuthorityYear="1898" box="[247,357,342,364]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Brypoctia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="punctifer">
<emphasis id="1D82EAF585192967C2FAFED2870AFEF5" box="[247,357,342,364]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="95">B. punctifer</emphasis>
@ -332,7 +335,7 @@ and
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="2F4936E7851A2964C2EFF8348362F842" blockId="1.[189,1399,1967,2065]" pageId="1" pageNumber="94">
Figs 14.
<taxonomicName id="E8F64D64851A2964C334F83787E1F85A" authorityName="Schoorl" authorityYear="1990" box="[313,398,1970,1988]" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" genus="Brypoctia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="94" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
@ -382,7 +385,7 @@ Figs 14.
</caption>
<paragraph id="2F4936E785192967C2EFFDFE8236FE22" blockId="2.[189,775,635,737]" lastBlockId="2.[812,1399,315,444]" pageId="2" pageNumber="95">
<emphasis id="1D82EAF585192967C2EFFDFE87CFFD0F" bold="true" box="[226,416,635,657]" pageId="2" pageNumber="95">Acknowledgement</emphasis>
. Authors is grateful to Anna Ustjuzhanina (Tomsk) for the help in translation of the paper. The English text was reviewed by Prof. Boris Kondratieff (Fort Collins). The authors express their gratitude to Joёl Minet (MNHN) and Geoff Martin (NHMUK), to Harald Sulak- Wildenauer (Munich) for providing the photos of the
. Authors is grateful to Anna Ustjuzhanina (Tomsk) for the help in translation of the paper. The English text was reviewed by Prof. Boris Kondratieff (Fort Collins). The authors express their gratitude to Joёl Minet (MNHN) and Geoff Martin (NHMUK), to Harald Sulak-Wildenauer (Munich) for providing the photos of the
<taxonomicName id="E8F64D6485192967C734FED38522FE19" class="Insecta" family="Cossidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="95" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Cossidae</taxonomicName>
<typeStatus id="F04D884585192967C15EFEF48513FE18" box="[851,892,369,390]" pageId="2" pageNumber="95">type</typeStatus>
specimens from the