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data/ED/5E/3A/ED5E3AD349FF833E74177485C110C2D1.xml
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<bibRefCitation id="5A4090BFD09C26210C8666E70A526848" author="Ulmer, G." journalOrPublisher="Stettiner Entomologische Zeitung" pageId="0" pageNumber="1557" pagination="1 - 119" title="Zur Kenntniss aussereuropaeischer Trichopteren." volume="66" year="1905">Ulmer 1905a</bibRefCitation>
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469
data/ED/5E/C6/ED5EC61A9C748E27FF00FAF811E6FC28.xml
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469
data/ED/5E/C6/ED5EC61A9C748E27FF00FAF811E6FC28.xml
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<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C748E21FF00FAF81049F87C" authority="Wang & Li" authorityName="Chen & Li & Sluys & Wu & Wang & Li & Wang" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,531,1326,1353]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Uteriporidae" genus="Paucumara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="8" pageNumber="157" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="falcata" status="sp. nov.">
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<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C748E21FF00FAF81325F87D" bold="true" box="[151,383,1326,1352]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="157">Paucumara falcata</emphasis>
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Wang & Li
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
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,
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||||
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<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C748E21FF00FAA213D3F8B8" bold="true" box="[151,393,1396,1421]" pageId="8" pageNumber="157">Material examined.</emphasis>
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<materialsCitation id="D59F7D519C748E21FE00FAA21613F884" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2013824534" collectingDate="2017-04-29" collectorName="Wei-Xuan Li" country="China" latitude="22.466667" location="Shenzhen City" longLatPrecision="1260" longitude="114.51667" pageId="8" pageNumber="157" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guangdong" typeStatus="holotype">
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<typeStatus id="BA4CC9AE9C748E21FE00FAA21058F8B8" box="[407,514,1396,1421]" pageId="8" pageNumber="157" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
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, PLA-Pa001, eastern beach of
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,
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,
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,
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,
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,
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<date id="114951CC9C748E21FEEFFA4E1074F884" box="[376,558,1432,1457]" pageId="8" pageNumber="157" value="2017-04-29">29th April 2017</date>
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, coll.
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<collectorName id="C80212DA9C748E21FDE6FA4E115FF884" box="[625,773,1432,1457]" pageId="8" pageNumber="157">Wei-Xuan Li</collectorName>
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, sagittal sections on 9 slides.
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</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="6548770C9C748E21FF50FA6B13DDFB74" blockId="8.[151,1437,1396,2033]" pageId="8" pageNumber="157">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="D59F7D519C748E21FF50FA6B13DEFB74" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2013824537" collectionCode="IZCAS" pageId="8" pageNumber="157" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="BA4CC9AE9C748E21FF50FA6B1363F8E0" box="[199,313,1469,1493]" pageId="8" pageNumber="157" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||||
: PLA-Pa002, ibid., one sagittal sections on 4 slides; PLA-Pa003, ibid., horizontal sections on 5 slides; PLA-Pa004, ibid., whole mount on 1 slide; PLA-Pa005, ibid., whole mount on 1 slide; PLA-Pa006, ibid., whole mount on 1 slide. All specimens are deposited in
|
||||
<collectionCode id="03E6EFC99C748E21FCD3F9D311C3FB28" box="[836,921,1541,1565]" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/crjh-4ne1" name="Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences" pageId="8" pageNumber="157">IZCAS</collectionCode>
|
||||
. Observations were made on both live and preserved specimens
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="2DED24879C748E21FF50F99A1174FBBC" pageId="8" pageNumber="157" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6548770C9C748E21FF50F99A1174FBBC" blockId="8.[151,1437,1396,2033]" pageId="8" pageNumber="157">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C748E21FF50F99A1314FB50" bold="true" box="[199,334,1612,1637]" pageId="8" pageNumber="157">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||||
The specific epithet is derived from the Latin adjective
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C748E21FC50F99B167AFB50" box="[967,1056,1613,1637]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="157">falcatus</emphasis>
|
||||
, sickle-shaped, and alludes to the curved, chitinized tip of the musculo-parenchymatic organ.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="2DED24879C748E21FF50F94211C7FA08" pageId="8" pageNumber="157" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6548770C9C748E21FF50F94211C7FA08" blockId="8.[151,1437,1396,2033]" pageId="8" pageNumber="157">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C748E21FF50F942131BFB98" bold="true" box="[199,321,1684,1709]" pageId="8" pageNumber="157">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C748E21FEDFF9431045FB98" authorityName="Chen & Li & Sluys & Wu & Wang & Li & Wang" authorityYear="2019" box="[328,543,1685,1709]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Uteriporidae" genus="Paucumara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="8" pageNumber="157" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="falcata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C748E21FEDFF9431045FB98" box="[328,543,1685,1709]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="157">Paucumara falcata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is characterized by: three pale yellow transverse pigmentation bands, one at the anterior body margin, another immediately behind the eyes and a third one across the tail end of the body, while a brown band extends anteriorly from the level of the eyes; 8–11 testicular follicles on either side of the body, extending from immediately behind the ovaries to half-way along the pharyngeal pocket; a musculo-parenchymatic organ provided with a sickle-shaped chitinized, sclerotic tip or stylet.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="2DED24879C748E23FF50F89E1357F8D0" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="159" pageId="8" pageNumber="157" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6548770C9C748E20FF50F89E12E0FC99" blockId="8.[151,1437,1396,2033]" lastBlockId="9.[151,1436,151,428]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="158" pageId="8" pageNumber="157">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C748E21FF50F89E1303FA54" bold="true" box="[199,345,1864,1889]" pageId="8" pageNumber="157">Description.</emphasis>
|
||||
Live specimens with low-triangular head and sharply pointed hind end, their length ranging between
|
||||
<quantity id="A20FDAE99C748E21FE97F8BB13D1FAB1" box="[256,395,1901,1925]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9499999999999997" metricValueMax="4.1" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="8" pageNumber="157" unit="mm" value="3.9499999999999997" valueMax="4.1" valueMin="3.8">3.8–4.1 mm</quantity>
|
||||
and their width between
|
||||
<quantity id="A20FDAE99C748E21FD29F8BA113CFAB1" box="[702,870,1900,1925]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.3" metricValueMax="5.8" metricValueMin="4.8" pageId="8" pageNumber="157" unit="mm" value="0.53" valueMax="0.58" valueMin="0.48">0.48–0.58 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(n=5) (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C748E21FC53F8BA164FFAB0" box="[964,1045,1900,1925]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1808,1830]" captionTargetBox="[175,1416,476,1797]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[175,1416,476,1797]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Paucumara falcata. Live specimen: (A–B) entire animal; (C) testes and ovaries; (D) musculo-parenchymatic organ; (E) penis and vas deferentia. (F) cocoon. Scale bar: A–C, F = 200 µm; D–E = 20 µm;" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599330/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="157">Figs. 7</figureCitation>
|
||||
A–B, 8A, 10A). A pair of black, kidney-shaped eyes is located at a position measuring 1/8 of the total body length, as determined from the anterior margin; the eyes are set rather close together, the distance between them ranging between 37–43 µm (n=5). Each eye cup has a large semi-circular lens (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C748E21FDDDF80E10FEFAC4" box="[586,676,2008,2033]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1949,1971]" captionTargetBox="[156,1430,223,1903]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[156,1430,223,1903]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Paucumara falcata. Whole mounts. (A) PLA-N004, entire animal; (B) PLA-N004, testes and ovaries; (C) PLA- N006, penis and musculo-parenchymatic organ; (D) PLA-N005, musculo-parenchymatic organ. Scale bar: A–B = 200 µm, C– D = 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599332/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="157">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The dorsal body surface shows conspicuous pale yellow stripes as well as a region with brownish pigmentation. Pale-yellow transverse stripes occur at the anterior margin and immediately behind the eyes, and across the tail end of the body (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C758E20FC0FFF6A11A9FDE1" box="[920,1011,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1808,1830]" captionTargetBox="[175,1416,476,1797]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[175,1416,476,1797]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Paucumara falcata. Live specimen: (A–B) entire animal; (C) testes and ovaries; (D) musculo-parenchymatic organ; (E) penis and vas deferentia. (F) cocoon. Scale bar: A–C, F = 200 µm; D–E = 20 µm;" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599330/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="158">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The transverse band at the anterior margin is 300–330 µm in width, while the stripe behind the eyes measures 100–120 µm in width, while the one on the tail is 140–180 µm wide (n=5). Further there is a pale yellow longitudinal stripe that runs from the transverse pale band behind the eyes to the base of the pharynx that is 600–680 µm long and has a width of 90–100 µm (n=5). In addition to these pale stripes there are snowflake-like pale yellow specks scattered on the dorsal surface. A broad band of brown pigment extends anteriorly from the level of the eyes for a distance of about 180–200 µm (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C758E20FABAFEB91723FCBD" box="[1325,1401,367,392]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1808,1830]" captionTargetBox="[175,1416,476,1797]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[175,1416,476,1797]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Paucumara falcata. Live specimen: (A–B) entire animal; (C) testes and ovaries; (D) musculo-parenchymatic organ; (E) penis and vas deferentia. (F) cocoon. Scale bar: A–C, F = 200 µm; D–E = 20 µm;" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599330/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="158">Figs. 7</figureCitation>
|
||||
A– B).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="318827849C758E20FF00F8C61666FA70" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599330/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="158" startId="9.[151,250,1808,1830]" targetBox="[175,1416,476,1797]" targetPageId="9">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6548770C9C758E20FF00F8C61666FA70" blockId="9.[151,1435,1808,1861]" pageId="9" pageNumber="158">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C758E20FF00F8C6134CFA10" bold="true" box="[151,278,1808,1830]" pageId="9" pageNumber="158">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C758E20FEB7F8C713BCFA13" authorityName="Chen & Li & Sluys & Wu & Wang & Li & Wang" authorityYear="2019" box="[288,486,1808,1830]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Uteriporidae" genus="Paucumara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="9" pageNumber="158" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="falcata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C758E20FEB7F8C713BCFA13" box="[288,486,1808,1830]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="158">Paucumara falcata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Live specimen: (A–B) entire animal; (C) testes and ovaries; (D) musculo-parenchymatic organ; (E) penis and vas deferentia. (F) cocoon. Scale bar: A–C, F = 200 µm; D–E = 20 µm;
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="6548770C9C758E23FF50F8A71058FDCD" blockId="9.[151,1437,1905,2038]" lastBlockId="10.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="10" lastPageNumber="159" pageId="9" pageNumber="158">
|
||||
The mouth opening is located at a distance of about 1/3 of the body length, as measured from the posterior body margin; the mouth is situated at the posterior end of the pharyngeal cavity (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C758E20FBB1F8431623FA9B" box="[1062,1145,1941,1966]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1969,1991]" captionTargetBox="[212,1368,379,1940]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[198,1388,373,1947]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 10. Paucumara falcata. Diagrammatic horizontal reconstruction: (A) entire animal; (B) copulatory apparatus, based on examination of several specimens; ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599336/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="158">Fig. 10</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The cylindrical pharynx is 840–950 µm in length and 190–220 µm in width (n=5) (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C758E20FCC2F86F11E1FAE4" box="[853,955,1977,2002]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1808,1830]" captionTargetBox="[175,1416,476,1797]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[175,1416,476,1797]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Paucumara falcata. Live specimen: (A–B) entire animal; (C) testes and ovaries; (D) musculo-parenchymatic organ; (E) penis and vas deferentia. (F) cocoon. Scale bar: A–C, F = 200 µm; D–E = 20 µm;" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599330/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="158">Figs. 7B</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C758E20FC5BF86C11AAFAE7" box="[972,1008,1978,2002]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1949,1971]" captionTargetBox="[156,1430,223,1903]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[156,1430,223,1903]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Paucumara falcata. Whole mounts. (A) PLA-N004, entire animal; (B) PLA-N004, testes and ovaries; (C) PLA- N006, penis and musculo-parenchymatic organ; (D) PLA-N005, musculo-parenchymatic organ. Scale bar: A–B = 200 µm, C– D = 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599332/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="158">8A</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C758E20FB97F86C166EFAE7" box="[1024,1076,1978,2002]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1969,1991]" captionTargetBox="[212,1368,379,1940]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[198,1388,373,1947]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 10. Paucumara falcata. Diagrammatic horizontal reconstruction: (A) entire animal; (B) copulatory apparatus, based on examination of several specimens; ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599336/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="158">10A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The anterior intestinal ramus extends anteriorly to the eyes, while the two posterior gut trunks unite in the hind end of the body (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C758E20FB7BF80B170AFAC3" box="[1260,1360,2013,2038]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1808,1830]" captionTargetBox="[175,1416,476,1797]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[175,1416,476,1797]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Paucumara falcata. Live specimen: (A–B) entire animal; (C) testes and ovaries; (D) musculo-parenchymatic organ; (E) penis and vas deferentia. (F) cocoon. Scale bar: A–C, F = 200 µm; D–E = 20 µm;" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599330/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="158">Figs. 7A</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C758E20FACCF80817D5FAC3" box="[1371,1423,2014,2038]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1969,1991]" captionTargetBox="[212,1368,379,1940]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[198,1388,373,1947]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 10. Paucumara falcata. Diagrammatic horizontal reconstruction: (A) entire animal; (B) copulatory apparatus, based on examination of several specimens; ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599336/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="158">10A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The anterior gut trunk gives rise to a pair of lateral intestinal branches that extends anteriorly well beyond the eyes and also gives off 4–6 pairs of short lateral post-ovarial branches (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C768E23FC17FF6A11B3FDE1" box="[896,1001,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1969,1991]" captionTargetBox="[212,1368,379,1940]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[198,1388,373,1947]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 10. Paucumara falcata. Diagrammatic horizontal reconstruction: (A) entire animal; (B) copulatory apparatus, based on examination of several specimens; ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599336/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">Fig. 10A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Each posterior intestinal ramus gives off 10–12 short lateral branches.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="6548770C9C768E23FF50FED310A8FFB1" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">
|
||||
Mature individuals have 8–11 testes on either side of the body, the ventrally located follicles extending from directly behind the ovaries up to about half-way along the pharyngeal cavity (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C768E23FB89FEF116D8FC75" box="[1054,1154,295,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1808,1830]" captionTargetBox="[175,1416,476,1797]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[175,1416,476,1797]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Paucumara falcata. Live specimen: (A–B) entire animal; (C) testes and ovaries; (D) musculo-parenchymatic organ; (E) penis and vas deferentia. (F) cocoon. Scale bar: A–C, F = 200 µm; D–E = 20 µm;" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599330/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">Figs. 7C</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C768E23FB06FEFE16ECFC75" box="[1169,1206,296,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1580,1602]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,193,1559]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[158,1428,193,1559]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. Paucumara falcata. Photomicrographs: (A) PLA-Pa002, testes; (B–C) PLA-Pa002, penis and musculoparenchymatic organ; (D) PLA-Pa002, female reproductive system; (E) PLA-Pa001, oviducts and bursal canal. Scale bar: 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599334/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">9A</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C768E23FB53FEFE16A2FC75" box="[1220,1272,296,320]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1969,1991]" captionTargetBox="[212,1368,379,1940]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[198,1388,373,1947]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 10. Paucumara falcata. Diagrammatic horizontal reconstruction: (A) entire animal; (B) copulatory apparatus, based on examination of several specimens; ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599336/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">10A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Immediately posterior to the mouth opening the vasa deferentia converge towards the midline of body, meanwhile turning towards the dorsal body surface, after which they separately penetrate the penis and then immediately unite to form a short common vas deferens (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C768E23FE7CFE421011FC99" box="[491,587,404,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1808,1830]" captionTargetBox="[175,1416,476,1797]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[175,1416,476,1797]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Paucumara falcata. Live specimen: (A–B) entire animal; (C) testes and ovaries; (D) musculo-parenchymatic organ; (E) penis and vas deferentia. (F) cocoon. Scale bar: A–C, F = 200 µm; D–E = 20 µm;" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599330/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">Figs. 7E</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C768E23FDC0FE421023FC99" box="[599,633,404,428]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1580,1602]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,193,1559]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[158,1428,193,1559]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. Paucumara falcata. Photomicrographs: (A) PLA-Pa002, testes; (B–C) PLA-Pa002, penis and musculoparenchymatic organ; (D) PLA-Pa002, female reproductive system; (E) PLA-Pa001, oviducts and bursal canal. Scale bar: 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599334/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">9C</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C768E23FD12FE4210F9FC99" box="[645,675,404,428]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1969,1991]" captionTargetBox="[212,1368,379,1940]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[198,1388,373,1947]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 10. Paucumara falcata. Diagrammatic horizontal reconstruction: (A) entire animal; (B) copulatory apparatus, based on examination of several specimens; ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599336/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">10</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C768E23FD38FE4210B8FC99" box="[687,738,404,428]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1018,1040]" captionTargetBox="[156,1430,462,984]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[156,1430,462,984]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 11. Paucumara falcata. (A) diagrammatic reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus, based on examination of several specimens; (B) two animals in copulation. Scale bar: 500 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599338/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">11A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The latter opens into a spacious, oval-shaped seminal vesicle that is situated at the base of the penis papilla and communicates with the ejaculatory duct (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C768E23FB51FE611771FCE5" box="[1222,1323,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1580,1602]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,193,1559]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[158,1428,193,1559]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. Paucumara falcata. Photomicrographs: (A) PLA-Pa002, testes; (B–C) PLA-Pa002, penis and musculoparenchymatic organ; (D) PLA-Pa002, female reproductive system; (E) PLA-Pa001, oviducts and bursal canal. Scale bar: 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599334/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">Figs. 9C</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C768E23FAADFE6E1703FCE5" box="[1338,1369,440,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1969,1991]" captionTargetBox="[212,1368,379,1940]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[198,1388,373,1947]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 10. Paucumara falcata. Diagrammatic horizontal reconstruction: (A) entire animal; (B) copulatory apparatus, based on examination of several specimens; ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599336/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">10</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The seminal vesicle is lined with a simple, cuboidal, nucleated epithelium and covered with a well-developed layer of muscles. The ejaculatory duct is rather broad and lined with a nucleated epithelium and surrounded by a welldeveloped layer of circular muscles; it opens at the tip of the penis papilla. The latter is a sausage-shaped structure that lies dorsally in the male atrium. The penis papilla is lined with a nucleated epithelium that is underlain by circular and longitudinal muscles (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C768E23FD8CFDBA1027FFB1" box="[539,637,620,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1580,1602]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,193,1559]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[158,1428,193,1559]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. Paucumara falcata. Photomicrographs: (A) PLA-Pa002, testes; (B–C) PLA-Pa002, penis and musculoparenchymatic organ; (D) PLA-Pa002, female reproductive system; (E) PLA-Pa001, oviducts and bursal canal. Scale bar: 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599334/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">Figs. 9B</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C768E23FD1FFDBA10FCFFB1" box="[648,678,620,644]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1969,1991]" captionTargetBox="[212,1368,379,1940]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[198,1388,373,1947]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 10. Paucumara falcata. Diagrammatic horizontal reconstruction: (A) entire animal; (B) copulatory apparatus, based on examination of several specimens; ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599336/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">10</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C768E23FD24FDBA10BCFFB1" box="[691,742,620,644]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1018,1040]" captionTargetBox="[156,1430,462,984]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[156,1430,462,984]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 11. Paucumara falcata. (A) diagrammatic reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus, based on examination of several specimens; (B) two animals in copulation. Scale bar: 500 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599338/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">11A</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="6548770C9C768E23FF50FD461317FE0D" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">
|
||||
A musculo-parenchymatic organ projects from the anterior wall of the male atrium, ventrally to the root of the penis papilla. The entire organ consist of a broad, muscular base to which is attached a sclerotic, hollow tip or stylet that is curved like a scimitar and that measures 76–80 µm length. The broad base of the musculo-parenchymatic organ consists of a folded epithelium, which is underlain by well-developed circular and longitudinal muscles (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C768E23FF08FCC9135BFE0D" box="[159,257,799,824]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1580,1602]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,193,1559]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[158,1428,193,1559]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. Paucumara falcata. Photomicrographs: (A) PLA-Pa002, testes; (B–C) PLA-Pa002, penis and musculoparenchymatic organ; (D) PLA-Pa002, female reproductive system; (E) PLA-Pa001, oviducts and bursal canal. Scale bar: 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599334/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">Figs. 9B</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C768E23FE9AFCF6131AFE0D" box="[269,320,800,824]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1018,1040]" captionTargetBox="[156,1430,462,984]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[156,1430,462,984]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 11. Paucumara falcata. (A) diagrammatic reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus, based on examination of several specimens; (B) two animals in copulation. Scale bar: 500 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599338/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">11A</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="6548770C9C768E23FF50FC92101CF925" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">
|
||||
A pair of ovaries is situated at a short distance behind the brain (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C768E23FC31FC921653FE69" box="[934,1033,836,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1808,1830]" captionTargetBox="[175,1416,476,1797]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[175,1416,476,1797]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Paucumara falcata. Live specimen: (A–B) entire animal; (C) testes and ovaries; (D) musculo-parenchymatic organ; (E) penis and vas deferentia. (F) cocoon. Scale bar: A–C, F = 200 µm; D–E = 20 µm;" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599330/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">Figs. 7C</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C768E23FB81FC921663FE69" box="[1046,1081,836,860]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1949,1971]" captionTargetBox="[156,1430,223,1903]" captionTargetId="figure@11.[156,1430,223,1903]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 8. Paucumara falcata. Whole mounts. (A) PLA-N004, entire animal; (B) PLA-N004, testes and ovaries; (C) PLA- N006, penis and musculo-parenchymatic organ; (D) PLA-N005, musculo-parenchymatic organ. Scale bar: A–B = 200 µm, C– D = 50 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599332/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">8B</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C768E23FBD1FC921620FE69" box="[1094,1146,836,860]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1969,1991]" captionTargetBox="[212,1368,379,1940]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[198,1388,373,1947]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 10. Paucumara falcata. Diagrammatic horizontal reconstruction: (A) entire animal; (B) copulatory apparatus, based on examination of several specimens; ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599336/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">10A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The oviducts arise from the antero-lateral wall of the ovaries. At the level of the gonopore the oviducts turn medially to open separately into the bursal canal (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C768E23FECBFC5A13E4FE91" box="[348,446,908,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1580,1602]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,193,1559]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[158,1428,193,1559]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. Paucumara falcata. Photomicrographs: (A) PLA-Pa002, testes; (B–C) PLA-Pa002, penis and musculoparenchymatic organ; (D) PLA-Pa002, female reproductive system; (E) PLA-Pa001, oviducts and bursal canal. Scale bar: 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599334/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">Figs. 9E</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C768E23FE5BFC5A13B1FE91" box="[460,491,908,932]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1969,1991]" captionTargetBox="[212,1368,379,1940]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[198,1388,373,1947]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 10. Paucumara falcata. Diagrammatic horizontal reconstruction: (A) entire animal; (B) copulatory apparatus, based on examination of several specimens; ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599336/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">10</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The latter is lined with a cuboidal, nucleated epithelium, bearing well-developed cilia, and is surrounded by circular muscle. The bursal canal receives the secretion of shell glands ectally, that is, ventrally to the oviducal openings and is connected with a sac-shaped copulatory bursa, the latter being lined with vacuolated cells (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C768E23FECDFC2113E7F925" box="[346,445,1015,1040]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="12.[151,250,1580,1602]" captionTargetBox="[158,1428,193,1559]" captionTargetId="figure@12.[158,1428,193,1559]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURE 9. Paucumara falcata. Photomicrographs: (A) PLA-Pa002, testes; (B–C) PLA-Pa002, penis and musculoparenchymatic organ; (D) PLA-Pa002, female reproductive system; (E) PLA-Pa001, oviducts and bursal canal. Scale bar: 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599334/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">Figs. 9D</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C768E23FE5EFC2E13A0F925" box="[457,506,1016,1040]" captionStart="FIGURE 10" captionStartId="13.[151,250,1969,1991]" captionTargetBox="[212,1368,379,1940]" captionTargetId="figure@13.[198,1388,373,1947]" captionTargetPageId="13" captionText="FIGURE 10. Paucumara falcata. Diagrammatic horizontal reconstruction: (A) entire animal; (B) copulatory apparatus, based on examination of several specimens; ventral view." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599336/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">10B</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C768E23FD91FC2E1063F925" box="[518,569,1016,1040]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1018,1040]" captionTargetBox="[156,1430,462,984]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[156,1430,462,984]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 11. Paucumara falcata. (A) diagrammatic reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus, based on examination of several specimens; (B) two animals in copulation. Scale bar: 500 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599338/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">11A</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="6548770C9C768E23FF50FBCA1050F861" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C768E23FF50FBCA105CF900" bold="true" box="[199,518,1052,1077]" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">Feeding and reproduction.</emphasis>
|
||||
Under laboratory conditions,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C768E23FCCDFBCB119FF901" authorityName="Chen & Li & Sluys & Wu & Wang & Li & Wang" authorityYear="2019" box="[858,965,1052,1076]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Uteriporidae" genus="Paucumara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="10" pageNumber="159" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="falcata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C768E23FCCDFBCB119FF901" box="[858,965,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">P. falcata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
seldom moves when starved, and usually assembles in groups that hide from light. When the animals are in search of food, firstly their head touches the food lightly, after which they move their tail end towards the prey item and extend their pharynx, which starts to engulf portions of the prey. After feeding, the animals group together again, away from direct light. We observed that 4 or 5 mature individuals of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C768E23FE3AFB7B104FF9F1" authorityName="Chen & Li & Sluys & Wu & Wang & Li & Wang" authorityYear="2019" box="[429,533,1196,1220]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Uteriporidae" genus="Paucumara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="10" pageNumber="159" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="falcata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C768E23FE3AFB7B104FF9F1" box="[429,533,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">P. falcata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
may feed on a prey specimen of
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C768E23FC35FB7B1638F9F1" box="[930,1122,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">
|
||||
Dugesia
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C768E23FB9EFB7B1638F9F1" authorityName="Wang & Zhao" authorityYear="2016" box="[1033,1122,1197,1220]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Bdellouridae" genus="Pentacoelum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="10" pageNumber="159" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="sinensis">sinensis</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
of about
|
||||
<quantity id="A20FDAE99C768E23FB43FB7A177CF9F1" box="[1236,1318,1196,1220]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="159" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
|
||||
in length. When not starved, copulations may occur. During copulation the two bodies intertwine (either clockwise or counter-clockwise, depending on the copulants), with their heads pointing downwards and the tails pointing upwards (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C768E23FE91FAC11337F805" box="[262,365,1303,1328]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1018,1040]" captionTargetBox="[156,1430,462,984]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[156,1430,462,984]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 11. Paucumara falcata. (A) diagrammatic reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus, based on examination of several specimens; (B) two animals in copulation. Scale bar: 500 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599338/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">Fig. 11B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The process of copulation, during which the tails quiver, lasts for approximately 10 minutes, after which the partners separate.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="6548770C9C768E23FF50FA891357F8D0" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">
|
||||
During cocoon laying, a small amount of mucus is discharged from the common atrium, with which the capsules are being attached tightly to the substrate. The spherical cocoon, which is devoid of a pedicel, is brownred, measuring 340–400 µm in diameter (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C768E23FDFBFA711099F8F5" box="[620,707,1447,1472]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1808,1830]" captionTargetBox="[175,1416,476,1797]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[175,1416,476,1797]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 7. Paucumara falcata. Live specimen: (A–B) entire animal; (C) testes and ovaries; (D) musculo-parenchymatic organ; (E) penis and vas deferentia. (F) cocoon. Scale bar: A–C, F = 200 µm; D–E = 20 µm;" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599330/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">Fig. 7F</figureCitation>
|
||||
). From a single cocoon hatches 1–2 young worms (n=5 cocoons observed).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="2DED24879C768E27FF50FA3911E6FC28" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="163" pageId="10" pageNumber="159" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6548770C9C768E23FF50FA39106EFB89" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C768E23FF50FA391316FB3D" bold="true" box="[199,332,1519,1544]" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">Discussion.</emphasis>
|
||||
When the features exhibited by
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C768E23FD5DFA2711FFFB3D" authorityName="Chen & Li & Sluys & Wu & Wang & Li & Wang" authorityYear="2019" box="[714,933,1520,1544]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Uteriporidae" genus="Paucumara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="10" pageNumber="159" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="falcata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C768E23FD5DFA2711FFFB3D" box="[714,933,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">Paucumara falcata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are fed into the key to the genera in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="01660AFD9C768E23FAC9FA3912B4FB19" author="Sluys, R." pageId="10" pageNumber="159" refId="ref9385" refString="Sluys, R. (1989 a) A monograph of the marine triclads. A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam & Brookfield, XII + 463 pp." type="book" year="1989">Sluys (1989a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
the identification leads to the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C768E23FD11F9C3112DFB19" authority="Marcus, 1948" authorityName="Marcus" authorityYear="1948" box="[646,887,1556,1580]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Uteriporidae" genus="Vatapa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="10" pageNumber="159" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C768E23FD11F9C3108EFB19" box="[646,724,1557,1580]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">Vatapa</emphasis>
|
||||
Marcus, 1948
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. This is due to the fact that also
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C768E23FB4BF9C3177DFB19" authorityName="Marcus" authorityYear="1948" box="[1244,1319,1557,1580]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Uteriporidae" genus="Vatapa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="10" pageNumber="159" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C768E23FB4BF9C3177DFB19" box="[1244,1319,1557,1580]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">Vatapa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
possesses a musculo-parenchymatic organ (mpo) and the key only offers the choice between mpo present or absent. However, in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C768E23FF24F98B135BFB41" authorityName="Marcus" authorityYear="1948" box="[179,257,1629,1652]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Uteriporidae" genus="Vatapa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="10" pageNumber="159" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C768E23FF24F98B135BFB41" box="[179,257,1629,1652]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">Vatapa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
the mpo consists of a large indentation of the posterior wall of the common atrium (see
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="01660AFD9C768E23FB4DF98A173EFB41" author="Sluys, R." box="[1242,1380,1628,1653]" pageId="10" pageNumber="159" refId="ref9385" refString="Sluys, R. (1989 a) A monograph of the marine triclads. A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam & Brookfield, XII + 463 pp." type="book" year="1989">Sluys 1989a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) and thus differs greatly from the mpo of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C768E23FDACF95710FCFBAD" authorityName="Chen & Li & Sluys & Wu & Wang & Li & Wang" authorityYear="2019" box="[571,678,1664,1688]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Uteriporidae" genus="Paucumara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="10" pageNumber="159" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="falcata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C768E23FDACF95710FCFBAD" box="[571,678,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">P. falcata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Other features also point to the fact that
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C768E23FB10F95716A8FBAD" authorityName="Chen & Li & Sluys & Wu & Wang & Li & Wang" authorityYear="2019" box="[1159,1266,1664,1688]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Uteriporidae" genus="Paucumara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="10" pageNumber="159" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="falcata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C768E23FB10F95716A8FBAD" box="[1159,1266,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">P. falcata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
belongs to the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C768E23FF48F9731338FB89" authorityName="Sluys" authorityYear="1989" box="[223,354,1701,1724]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Uteriporidae" genus="Paucumara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="10" pageNumber="159" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C768E23FF48F9731338FB89" box="[223,354,1701,1724]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">Paucumara</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and not to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C768E23FE77F9731071FB89" authorityName="Marcus" authorityYear="1948" box="[480,555,1701,1724]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Uteriporidae" genus="Vatapa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="10" pageNumber="159" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C768E23FE77F9731071FB89" box="[480,555,1701,1724]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">Vatapa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="6548770C9C768E23FF50F9111053FAE8" blockId="10.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">
|
||||
The genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C768E23FED4F91F139CFBD5" authorityName="Sluys" authorityYear="1989" box="[323,454,1737,1760]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Uteriporidae" genus="Paucumara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="10" pageNumber="159" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C768E23FED4F91F139CFBD5" box="[323,454,1737,1760]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">Paucumara</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was diagnosed as follows: "
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C768E23FC93F91111C3FBD5" authorityName="Bresslau" authorityYear="1933" box="[772,921,1735,1760]" class="Rhabditophora" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="10" pageNumber="159" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Ectoplaninae">Ectoplaninae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in which the vasa deferentia unite just within the penis bulb to form a more or less curved common vas deferens. Ventral testes, extending to half-way along the pharyngeal pocket or to the level of the mouth. Bursal canal receives the secretion of numerous unicellular glands" (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="01660AFD9C768E23FF08F8E21376FA79" author="Sluys, R." box="[159,300,1844,1869]" pageId="10" pageNumber="159" refId="ref9385" refString="Sluys, R. (1989 a) A monograph of the marine triclads. A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam & Brookfield, XII + 463 pp." type="book" year="1989">Sluys 1989a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, p.191–192). All of these features apply to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C768E23FC87F8E31120FA79" authorityName="Chen & Li & Sluys & Wu & Wang & Li & Wang" authorityYear="2019" box="[784,890,1844,1868]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Uteriporidae" genus="Paucumara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="10" pageNumber="159" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="falcata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C768E23FC87F8E31120FA79" box="[784,890,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">P. falcata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, while there are a few other characters that point also to a close relationship between
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C768E23FDD6F88F10F4FA45" authorityName="Chen & Li & Sluys & Wu & Wang & Li & Wang" authorityYear="2019" box="[577,686,1880,1904]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Uteriporidae" genus="Paucumara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="10" pageNumber="159" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="falcata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C768E23FDD6F88F10F4FA45" box="[577,686,1880,1904]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">P. falcata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C768E23FD7BF88F11ECFA45" baseAuthorityName="Ijima & Kaburaki" baseAuthorityYear="1916" box="[748,950,1880,1904]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Uteriporidae" genus="Paucumara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="10" pageNumber="159" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="trigonocephala">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C768E23FD7BF88F11ECFA45" box="[748,950,1880,1904]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="159">P. trigonocephala</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Both species exhibit an attenuated head, formed by a narrowing of the body width anterior to the eyes, as well as whitish specks or transverse bands on the dorsal body surface. The eyes are set close together and are provided with a lens, while the posterior gut trunks unite in the hind end of the body.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="318827849C778E22FF00F84B1356FAC5" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599332/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="160" startId="11.[151,250,1949,1971]" targetBox="[156,1430,223,1903]" targetPageId="11">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6548770C9C778E22FF00F84B1356FAC5" blockId="11.[151,1436,1949,2032]" pageId="11" pageNumber="160">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C778E22FF00F84B134EFA87" bold="true" box="[151,276,1949,1971]" pageId="11" pageNumber="160">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C778E22FE8CF84813BAFA86" authorityName="Chen & Li & Sluys & Wu & Wang & Li & Wang" authorityYear="2019" box="[283,480,1949,1971]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Uteriporidae" genus="Paucumara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="11" pageNumber="160" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="falcata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C778E22FE8CF84813BAFA86" box="[283,480,1949,1971]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="160">Paucumara falcata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Whole mounts. (A) PLA-N004, entire animal; (B) PLA-N004, testes and ovaries; (C) PLA- N006, penis and musculo-parenchymatic organ; (D) PLA-N005, musculo-parenchymatic organ. Scale bar: A–B = 200 µm, C– D = 50 µm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="318827849C708E25FF00F9FA12E5FBB5" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599334/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="161" startId="12.[151,250,1580,1602]" targetBox="[158,1428,193,1559]" targetPageId="12">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6548770C9C708E25FF00F9FA12E5FBB5" blockId="12.[151,1436,1580,1664]" pageId="12" pageNumber="161">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C708E25FF00F9FA1341FB74" bold="true" box="[151,283,1580,1602]" pageId="12" pageNumber="161">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C708E25FEBCF9FB13ACFB77" authorityName="Chen & Li & Sluys & Wu & Wang & Li & Wang" authorityYear="2019" box="[299,502,1580,1602]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Uteriporidae" genus="Paucumara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="12" pageNumber="161" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="falcata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C708E25FEBCF9FB13ACFB77" box="[299,502,1580,1602]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="161">Paucumara falcata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Photomicrographs: (A) PLA-Pa002, testes; (B–C) PLA-Pa002, penis and musculoparenchymatic organ; (D) PLA-Pa002, female reproductive system; (E) PLA-Pa001, oviducts and bursal canal. Scale bar: 20 µm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="6548770C9C708E25FF50F97B1167FAD0" blockId="12.[151,1437,1708,2021]" pageId="12" pageNumber="161">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C708E25FF50F97B13FEFBF0" authorityName="Chen & Li & Sluys & Wu & Wang & Li & Wang" authorityYear="2019" box="[199,420,1709,1733]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Uteriporidae" genus="Paucumara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="12" pageNumber="161" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="falcata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C708E25FF50F97B13FEFBF0" box="[199,420,1709,1733]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="161">Paucumara falcata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
shows one great difference with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C708E25FCAFF97B165EFBF0" baseAuthorityName="Ijima & Kaburaki" baseAuthorityYear="1916" box="[824,1028,1709,1733]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Uteriporidae" genus="Paucumara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="12" pageNumber="161" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="trigonocephala">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C708E25FCAFF97B165EFBF0" box="[824,1028,1709,1733]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="161">P. trigonocephala</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as the latter does not possess the musculo-parenchymatic organ (mpo). However, accessory reproductive structures resembling the musculoparenchymatic organ of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C708E25FE20F9231078FA38" authorityName="Chen & Li & Sluys & Wu & Wang & Li & Wang" authorityYear="2019" box="[439,546,1781,1805]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Uteriporidae" genus="Paucumara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="12" pageNumber="161" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="falcata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C708E25FE20F9231078FA38" box="[439,546,1781,1805]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="161">P. falcata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are present in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C708E25FD48F923171CFA38" authority="Holmquist & Karling, 1972" authorityName="Holmquist & Karling" authorityYear="1972" box="[735,1350,1780,1805]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Cercyridae" genus="Pacifides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="12" pageNumber="161" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="psammophilus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C708E25FD48F92311ACFA38" box="[735,1014,1781,1805]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="161">Pacifides psammophilus</emphasis>
|
||||
Holmquist & Karling, 1972
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C708E25FA10F92313FBFA04" authority="Sluys, 1989" authorityName="Sluys" authorityYear="1989" class="Rhabditophora" family="Cercyridae" genus="Pacifides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="12" pageNumber="161" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="gladiatoris">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C708E25FA10F9231348FA05" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="161">P. gladiatoris</emphasis>
|
||||
Sluys, 1989
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(see
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="01660AFD9C708E25FE77F8CE102AFA04" author="Sluys, R." box="[480,624,1816,1841]" pageId="12" pageNumber="161" refId="ref9385" refString="Sluys, R. (1989 a) A monograph of the marine triclads. A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam & Brookfield, XII + 463 pp." type="book" year="1989">Sluys 1989a</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). But in the two last-mentioned species these organs concern musculoglandular organs (mgo). In particular the mgo of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C708E25FD2BF8EB1109FA60" authorityName="Sluys" authorityYear="1989" box="[700,851,1853,1877]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Cercyridae" genus="Pacifides" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="12" pageNumber="161" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="gladiatoris">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C708E25FD2BF8EB1109FA60" box="[700,851,1853,1877]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="161">P. gladiatoris</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, with its sickle-shaped, sclerotic tip, resembles very much the mpo of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C708E25FEC9F8B71392FA4D" authorityName="Chen & Li & Sluys & Wu & Wang & Li & Wang" authorityYear="2019" box="[350,456,1888,1912]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Uteriporidae" genus="Paucumara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="12" pageNumber="161" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="falcata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C708E25FEC9F8B71392FA4D" box="[350,456,1888,1912]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="161">P. falcata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Because of this gross resemblance one may initially be inclined to assign
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C708E25FA82F8B71725FA4D" authorityName="Chen & Li & Sluys & Wu & Wang & Li & Wang" authorityYear="2019" box="[1301,1407,1888,1912]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Uteriporidae" genus="Paucumara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="12" pageNumber="161" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="falcata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C708E25FA82F8B71725FA4D" box="[1301,1407,1888,1912]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="161">P. falcata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
to the genus
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C708E25FE84F853132AFAA8" box="[275,368,1925,1949]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="161">Pacifide</emphasis>
|
||||
s. However, upon further reflection it becomes clear that other characters preclude such a taxonomic assignment and point to the fact that
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C708E25FD7BF87F1106FAF5" authorityName="Chen & Li & Sluys & Wu & Wang & Li & Wang" authorityYear="2019" box="[748,860,1960,1984]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Uteriporidae" genus="Paucumara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="12" pageNumber="161" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="falcata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C708E25FD7BF87F1106FAF5" box="[748,860,1960,1984]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="161">P. falcata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
falls in the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C708E25FBDAF87F168AFAF5" authorityName="Sluys" authorityYear="1989" box="[1101,1232,1961,1984]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Uteriporidae" genus="Paucumara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="12" pageNumber="161" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C708E25FBDAF87F168AFAF5" box="[1101,1232,1961,1984]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="161">Paucumara</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, thus illustrating convergent evolution of such accessory reproductive organs.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="6548770C9C718E24FF50FF41118BFC75" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,320]" pageId="13" pageNumber="162">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="01660AFD9C718E24FF50FF411328FD85" author="Sluys, R." box="[199,370,151,176]" pageId="13" pageNumber="162" refId="ref9385" refString="Sluys, R. (1989 a) A monograph of the marine triclads. A. A. Balkema, Rotterdam & Brookfield, XII + 463 pp." type="book" year="1989">Sluys (1989a)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
synonymized
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C718E24FDA5FF4E1182FD85" authority="Stimpson, 1857" authorityName="Stimpson" authorityYear="1857" box="[562,984,151,176]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Uteriporidae" genus="Fovia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="13" pageNumber="162" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="graciliceps">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C718E24FDA5FF4E115EFD85" box="[562,772,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="162">Fovia graciliceps</emphasis>
|
||||
Stimpson, 1857
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="1DE0379C9C718E24FBADFF4E1694FD85" box="[1082,1230,152,176]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="13" pageNumber="162">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="1DE0379C9C718E24FB7FFF411771FD85" box="[1256,1323,151,176]" name="China" pageId="13" pageNumber="162">China</collectingCountry>
|
||||
with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C718E24FA10FF4F1318FDE1" baseAuthorityName="Ijima & Kaburaki" baseAuthorityYear="1916" class="Rhabditophora" family="Uteriporidae" genus="Paucumara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="13" pageNumber="162" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="trigonocephala">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C718E24FA10FF4F1318FDE1" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="162">P. trigonocephala</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, albeit with some reservations. Now that we know that another species with an acute triangular head and a pointed tail occurs on Chinese coasts close to
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="1DE0379C9C718E24FCAAFF36119CFDCD" box="[829,966,224,248]" name="Hong Kong" pageId="13" pageNumber="162">Hong Kong</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="1DE0379C9C718E24FC42FF091641FDCD" box="[981,1051,223,248]" name="China" pageId="13" pageNumber="162">China</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, i.e.,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C718E24FBCBFF371693FDCD" authorityName="Chen & Li & Sluys & Wu & Wang & Li & Wang" authorityYear="2019" box="[1116,1225,224,248]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Uteriporidae" genus="Paucumara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="13" pageNumber="162" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="falcata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C718E24FBCBFF371693FDCD" box="[1116,1225,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="162">P. falcata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, it may be that
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C718E24FA10FF37134EFC29" authorityName="Stimpson" authorityYear="1857" class="Rhabditophora" family="Uteriporidae" genus="Fovia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="13" pageNumber="162" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="graciliceps">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C718E24FA10FF37134EFC29" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="162">F. graciliceps</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
actually is a junior synonym of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C718E24FD06FED310A0FC29" authorityName="Chen & Li & Sluys & Wu & Wang & Li & Wang" authorityYear="2019" box="[657,762,260,284]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Uteriporidae" genus="Paucumara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="13" pageNumber="162" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="falcata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C718E24FD06FED310A0FC29" box="[657,762,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="162">P. falcata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Unfortunately, there is no way to ascertain what actually holds true and therefore the epithet
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C718E24FDB2FEFE10F8FC75" authorityName="Stimpson" authorityYear="1857" box="[549,674,296,320]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Uteriporidae" genus="Fovia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="13" pageNumber="162" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="graciliceps">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C718E24FDB2FEFE10F8FC75" box="[549,674,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="162">graciliceps</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
should remain suppressed.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="318827849C718E24FF00F86710C4FAD0" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599336/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="162" startId="13.[151,250,1969,1991]" targetBox="[212,1368,379,1940]" targetPageId="13">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6548770C9C718E24FF00F86710C4FAD0" blockId="13.[151,1436,1969,2021]" pageId="13" pageNumber="162">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C718E24FF00F867137AFAF3" bold="true" box="[151,288,1969,1991]" pageId="13" pageNumber="162">FIGURE 10.</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C718E24FEB1F86413ABFAF2" box="[294,497,1969,1991]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="162">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C718E24FEB1F86413B7FAF2" authorityName="Chen & Li & Sluys & Wu & Wang & Li & Wang" authorityYear="2019" box="[294,493,1969,1991]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Uteriporidae" genus="Paucumara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="13" pageNumber="162" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="falcata">Paucumara falcata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Diagrammatic horizontal reconstruction: (A) entire animal; (B) copulatory apparatus, based on examination of several specimens; ventral view.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="6548770C9C728E27FF50FF4F11E6FC28" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,285]" pageId="14" pageNumber="163">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C728E27FF50FF4F105AFD85" baseAuthorityName="Ijima & Kaburaki" baseAuthorityYear="1916" box="[199,512,152,176]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Uteriporidae" genus="Paucumara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="14" pageNumber="163" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="trigonocephala">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C728E27FF50FF4F105AFD85" box="[199,512,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="163">Paucumara trigonocephala</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has been reported from
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="1DE0379C9C728E27FCB0FF4E1130FD9A" box="[807,874,152,175]" name="Japan" pageId="14" pageNumber="163">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="1DE0379C9C728E27FCEEFF4111B9FD85" box="[889,995,151,176]" name="Australia" pageId="14" pageNumber="163">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, the Bismark Archipelago, and
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="1DE0379C9C728E27FACCFF411284FDE1" name="South Korea" pageId="14" pageNumber="163">South Korea</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, where it was always collected from low-salinity biotopes, which during ebb tide even may be completely fresh (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="01660AFD9C728E27FF77FF3613FDFDCD" author="Yang, H. M. & Sluys, R. & Kawakatsu, M. & Min, G. S." box="[224,423,224,248]" pageId="14" pageNumber="163" pagination="1 - 17" refId="ref9597" refString="Yang, H. M., Sluys, R., Kawakatsu, M. & Min, G. S. (2018) New molecular sequences for two genera of marine planarians facilitate determination of their position in the phylogenetic tree, with new records for two species (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Maricola). ZooKeys, 781, 1 - 17." type="journal article" year="2018">
|
||||
Yang
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C728E27FEB2FF371302FDCD" box="[293,344,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="163">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2018
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). This resembles the habitat of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C728E27FC84FF371121FDCD" authorityName="Chen & Li & Sluys & Wu & Wang & Li & Wang" authorityYear="2019" box="[787,891,224,248]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Uteriporidae" genus="Paucumara" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="14" pageNumber="163" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="falcata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C728E27FC84FF371121FDCD" box="[787,891,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="163">P. falcata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, which was collected from 19‰–20‰ salinity biotopes, while in the laboratory animals can also survive in freshwater.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
95
data/ED/5E/C6/ED5EC61A9C788E2DFF00FF0F1072FC01.xml
Normal file
95
data/ED/5E/C6/ED5EC61A9C788E2DFF00FF0F1072FC01.xml
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277
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277
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<paragraph id="6548770C9C788E2DFF00FE081028FCCD" blockId="4.[151,626,478,504]" box="[151,626,478,504]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">
|
||||
<heading id="3E00C0609C788E2DFF00FE081028FCCD" bold="true" box="[151,626,478,504]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" reason="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C788E2DFF00FE081028FCCD" bold="true" box="[151,626,478,504]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C788E2DFF00FE081052FCCD" authority="Wang & Chen" authorityName="Chen & Li & Sluys & Wu & Wang & Li & Wang" authorityYear="2019" box="[151,520,478,504]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Bdellouridae" genus="Nerpa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="fistulata" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C788E2DFF00FE081316FCCD" bold="true" box="[151,332,478,504]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Nerpa fistulata</emphasis>
|
||||
Wang & Chen
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="4CB016659C788E2DFD82FE081028FCCD" box="[533,626,478,504]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="2DED24879C788E2DFF00FDF31728FFE5" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6548770C9C788E2DFF00FDF3166DFF50" blockId="4.[151,1437,549,937]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C788E2DFF00FDF313D3FF0B" bold="true" box="[151,393,549,574]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="D59F7D519C788E2DFE0EFDF3166DFF50" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2013824536" collectingDate="2017-04-29" collectorName="Jia-Jia Chen" country="China" latitude="22.466667" location="Shenzhen City" longLatPrecision="1260" longitude="114.51667" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Guangdong" typeStatus="holotype">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="BA4CC9AE9C788E2DFE0EFDF3105CFF0B" box="[409,518,549,574]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
: PLA-N001, eastern beach of
|
||||
<location id="602821D79C788E2DFC14FDF3166BFF0B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:ED5EC61A9C788E2EFF00FE081680F82E:602821D79C788E2DFC14FDF3166BFF0B" box="[899,1073,549,574]" country="China" latitude="22.466667" longLatPrecision="1260" longitude="114.51667" name="Shenzhen City" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" stateProvince="Guangdong">Shenzhen City</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="A733B9EE9C788E2DFBD2FDF31765FF0B" box="[1093,1343,549,574]" country="China" name="Guangdong" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Guangdong Province</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="1DE0379C9C788E2DFAC5FDF317C2FF0B" box="[1362,1432,549,574]" name="China" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">China</collectingCountry>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="00C311CB9C788E2DFF00FD9A12ADFF50" box="[151,247,588,613]" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" precision="925" value="22.466667">22°28′N</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="00C311CB9C788E2DFE95FD9A1336FF50" box="[258,364,588,613]" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" precision="925" value="114.51667">114°31′E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<date id="114951CC9C788E2DFEEFFD9A107EFF51" box="[376,548,585,613]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" value="2017-04-29">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="010DA8249C788E2DFEEFFD9A107EFF51" box="[376,548,585,613]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" value="2017-04-29">
|
||||
29
|
||||
<superScript id="9282DA449C788E2DFE03FD9F13FAFF62" attach="left" box="[404,416,585,599]" fontSize="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">th</superScript>
|
||||
April 2017
|
||||
</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
, coll.
|
||||
<collectorName id="C80212DA9C788E2DFDF0FD9A10A9FF50" box="[615,755,588,613]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Jia-Jia Chen</collectorName>
|
||||
, sagittal sections on 2 slides.
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="6548770C9C788E2DFF50FDA71728FFE5" blockId="4.[151,1437,549,937]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="D59F7D519C788E2DFF50FDA71734FFE5" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2013824535" collectionCode="IZCAS" county="Chinese Academy of Sciences" location="All" municipality="Institute of Zoology" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="paratype">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="BA4CC9AE9C788E2DFF50FDA71363FFBC" box="[199,313,625,649]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
|
||||
: PLA-N002, ibid., sagittal sections on 3 slides; PLA-N003, ibid., sagittal sections on 2 slides; PLA- N004, ibid., horizontal sections on 1 slides; PLA-N005, ibid., whole mount on 1 slide; PLA-N006, ibid., whole mount on 1 slide.
|
||||
<location id="602821D79C788E2DFEF7FD6E13DEFFE4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:ED5EC61A9C788E2EFF00FE081680F82E:602821D79C788E2DFEF7FD6E13DEFFE4" box="[352,388,696,721]" county="Chinese Academy of Sciences" municipality="Institute of Zoology" name="All" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">All</location>
|
||||
material is deposited in the
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="852CED769C788E2DFD57FD6E11FBFFE4" box="[704,929,696,721]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Institute of Zoology</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="8C290F809C788E2DFC3BFD6E175AFFE4" box="[940,1280,696,721]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Chinese Academy of Sciences</collectingCounty>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectionCode id="03E6EFC99C788E2DFA98FD6E173CFFE5" box="[1295,1382,696,720]" country="China" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/crjh-4ne1" name="Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">IZCAS</collectionCode>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="2DED24879C788E2DFF50FD0A117FFE2C" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6548770C9C788E2DFF50FD0A117FFE2C" blockId="4.[151,1437,549,937]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C788E2DFF50FD0A1314FFC0" bold="true" box="[199,334,732,757]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Etymology.</emphasis>
|
||||
The specific epithet is derived from the Latin adjective
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C788E2DFC29FD0A167FFFC1" box="[958,1061,732,756]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">fistulatus</emphasis>
|
||||
, provided with pipes, and alludes to the characteristic intestinal commissures in this species.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="2DED24879C788E2DFF50FCF210A5FE9C" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" type="diagnosis">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6548770C9C788E2DFF50FCF210A5FE9C" blockId="4.[151,1437,549,937]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C788E2DFF50FCF2131BFE08" bold="true" box="[199,321,804,829]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Diagnosis.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C788E2DFEC6FCF31059FE09" authorityName="Chen & Li & Sluys & Wu & Wang & Li & Wang" authorityYear="2019" box="[337,515,804,828]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Bdellouridae" genus="Nerpa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="fistulata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C788E2DFEC6FCF31059FE09" box="[337,515,804,828]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">Nerpa fistulata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is characterized by: transparent body; semi-circular lens in each eye cup; pentamerous intestine with three distinct commissures, one in the posterior end of the body and the other located between the ovaries and the testes; two very large, prepharyngeal testis follicles; distal end of the penis papilla with a chitinized, pointed stylet; two rounded lateral bursae.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<caption id="318827849C788E2DFF00F8681623FAC6" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599320/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" startId="4.[151,250,1982,2004]" targetBox="[164,1430,989,1961]" targetPageId="4">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6548770C9C788E2DFF00F8681623FAC6" blockId="4.[151,1436,1982,2035]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C788E2DFF00F868134CFAE1" bold="true" box="[151,278,1982,2004]" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C788E2DFEB7F8161399FAE1" box="[288,451,1982,2005]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="153">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C788E2DFEB7F81613E5FAE1" authorityName="Chen & Li & Sluys & Wu & Wang & Li & Wang" authorityYear="2019" box="[288,447,1982,2005]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Bdellouridae" genus="Nerpa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="4" pageNumber="153" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="fistulata">Nerpa fistulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Live specimens: (A–B) whole animal, dorsal view; (C) copulatory apparatus, showing penis, oviduct, lateral bursae and gonopore. (D) sperm. Scale bar: A–B = 100 µm, C = 50 µm, D = 10µm
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="2DED24879C798E2EFF50FF411680F82E" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="156" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6548770C9C798E2CFF50FF41168DFC50" blockId="5.[151,1437,151,357]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C798E2CFF50FF411303FD85" bold="true" box="[199,345,151,176]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Description.</emphasis>
|
||||
Live animals transparent, without any pigmentation. Body shape varies from elongate to broadly oval-shaped, with a broadly rounded posterior end and a blunt anterior end. Length and width of active specimens varies between 800–1,180 µm (n=5) and 210–435 µm (n=5), respectively (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C798E2CFC7AFF091666FDCD" box="[1005,1084,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1982,2004]" captionTargetBox="[164,1430,989,1961]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[156,1430,989,1961]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Nerpa fistulata. Live specimens: (A–B) whole animal, dorsal view; (C) copulatory apparatus, showing penis, oviduct, lateral bursae and gonopore. (D) sperm. Scale bar: A–B = 100 µm, C = 50 µm, D = 10µm" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599320/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
A–B, 3A, 6A). A pair of black and elliptical eyes is located at 1/5 of the body length, measured from the anterior margin (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C798E2CFB3AFED216A6FC29" box="[1197,1276,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1982,2004]" captionTargetBox="[164,1430,989,1961]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[156,1430,989,1961]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Nerpa fistulata. Live specimens: (A–B) whole animal, dorsal view; (C) copulatory apparatus, showing penis, oviduct, lateral bursae and gonopore. (D) sperm. Scale bar: A–B = 100 µm, C = 50 µm, D = 10µm" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599320/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
A–B, 3A, 4A, 6A). The eyes are situated rather close together, the distance between the eye cups being about 25 µm (n=5) and the distance to the body margin being 90–135 µm (n=5). Each eye cup has a large semi-circular lens.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="318827849C798E2CFF00F9DE1006FB08" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599322/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" startId="5.[151,250,1544,1566]" targetBox="[168,1428,409,1523]" targetPageId="5">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6548770C9C798E2CFF00F9DE1006FB08" blockId="5.[151,1436,1544,1597]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C798E2CFF00F9DE1348FB28" bold="true" box="[151,274,1544,1566]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C798E2CFE8FF9DC13EBFB2B" authorityName="Chen & Li & Sluys & Wu & Wang & Li & Wang" authorityYear="2019" box="[280,433,1544,1567]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Bdellouridae" genus="Nerpa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="5" pageNumber="154" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="fistulata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C798E2CFE8FF9DC13EBFB2B" box="[280,433,1544,1567]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Nerpa fistulata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Whole mounts. (A) PLA-N005, whole animal; (B) PLA-N006, penis and oviduct; (C) PLA-N005, penis. Scale bar: A = 100 µm, B–C = 20 µm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="6548770C9C798E2CFF50F9BC1637FBFE" blockId="5.[151,1436,1642,2027]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">
|
||||
The mouth opening is situated median-ventrally at 1/5 of the body, measured from the posterior body margin; the mouth opening is located at the posterior end of the pharyngeal cavity (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C798E2CFB85F95B162AFB93" box="[1042,1136,1677,1702]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1060,1082]" captionTargetBox="[171,1426,419,1033]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[156,1430,409,1039]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Nerpa fistulata. (A) diagrammatic horizontal reconstruction of entire animal, based on examination of several specimens; (B) diagrammatic sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus, based on examination of several specimens." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599328/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The cylindrical pharynx measures 200–300 µm in length and 130–150 µm in width (n=5) (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C798E2CFCEDF9641192FBFF" box="[890,968,1714,1739]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1982,2004]" captionTargetBox="[164,1430,989,1961]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[156,1430,989,1961]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Nerpa fistulata. Live specimens: (A–B) whole animal, dorsal view; (C) copulatory apparatus, showing penis, oviduct, lateral bursae and gonopore. (D) sperm. Scale bar: A–B = 100 µm, C = 50 µm, D = 10µm" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599320/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Figs. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
A–B, 3A, 6A).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="6548770C9C798E2CFF50F90313B5FADE" blockId="5.[151,1436,1642,2027]" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">
|
||||
The principally pentamerous intestine shows three distinct commissures, one uniting the two posterior gut trunks in the hind end of the body, another immediately behind the testes, and a third commissure connecting the central part of the anterior intestinal trunk with the two lateral and forwards directed branches; the latter commissure runs between the ovaries and the testes. This results in the situation that the gut forms three rings, with one pair each encircling the large testes follicles and another, larger ring encircling the pharyngeal pocket and the copulatory apparatus. The median, anterior intestinal trunk extends forwards anteriorly to the eyes and the brain, which holds true also for the forwards directed lateral branches (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C798E2CFCF2F87B11E4FAF3" box="[869,958,1965,1990]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1060,1082]" captionTargetBox="[171,1426,419,1033]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[156,1430,409,1039]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Nerpa fistulata. (A) diagrammatic horizontal reconstruction of entire animal, based on examination of several specimens; (B) diagrammatic sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus, based on examination of several specimens." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599328/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="154">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Each of the major gut trunks gives rise to 12–16 short lateral diverticula.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="6548770C9C7A8E2FFF50FF4E174BFF2D" blockId="6.[151,1437,151,536]" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">
|
||||
A pair of large, ellipsoidal testes, 350–375 µm in length and 180–190 µm in width, are situated immediately in front of the pharynx (n=5) (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C7A8E2FFE46FF6A106CFDE1" box="[465,566,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1982,2004]" captionTargetBox="[164,1430,989,1961]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[156,1430,989,1961]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Nerpa fistulata. Live specimens: (A–B) whole animal, dorsal view; (C) copulatory apparatus, showing penis, oviduct, lateral bursae and gonopore. (D) sperm. Scale bar: A–B = 100 µm, C = 50 µm, D = 10µm" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599320/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Figs. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C7A8E2FFDD4FF6A103DFDE1" box="[579,615,188,212]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1544,1566]" captionTargetBox="[168,1428,409,1523]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[158,1428,409,1523]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Nerpa fistulata. Whole mounts. (A) PLA-N005, whole animal; (B) PLA-N006, penis and oviduct; (C) PLA-N005, penis. Scale bar: A = 100 µm, B–C = 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599322/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">3A</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C7A8E2FFDE3FF6A10C0FDE0" box="[628,666,188,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1060,1082]" captionTargetBox="[171,1426,419,1033]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[156,1430,409,1039]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Nerpa fistulata. (A) diagrammatic horizontal reconstruction of entire animal, based on examination of several specimens; (B) diagrammatic sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus, based on examination of several specimens." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599328/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">6A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The follicles are packed with sperm; mature spermatozoa measure 58–60 µm in length and are biflagellate, the flagella being 55–56 µm long (n=5) (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C7A8E2FFBDEFF0916FCFDCD" box="[1097,1190,223,248]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1982,2004]" captionTargetBox="[164,1430,989,1961]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[156,1430,989,1961]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Nerpa fistulata. Live specimens: (A–B) whole animal, dorsal view; (C) copulatory apparatus, showing penis, oviduct, lateral bursae and gonopore. (D) sperm. Scale bar: A–B = 100 µm, C = 50 µm, D = 10µm" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599320/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Fig. 2D</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The vasa deferentia originate from the ventro-medial wall of the testis follicles and extend posteriorly alongside the pharynx as greatly swollen spermiducal vesicles, which decrease in diameter before opening separately into the intrapenial seminal vesicle (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C7A8E2FFF61FE9A1306FC51" box="[246,348,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1982,2004]" captionTargetBox="[164,1430,989,1961]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[156,1430,989,1961]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Nerpa fistulata. Live specimens: (A–B) whole animal, dorsal view; (C) copulatory apparatus, showing penis, oviduct, lateral bursae and gonopore. (D) sperm. Scale bar: A–B = 100 µm, C = 50 µm, D = 10µm" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599320/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Figs. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C7A8E2FFEFCFE9A1322FC51" box="[363,376,332,356]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1632,1654]" captionTargetBox="[156,1430,584,1618]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[156,1430,584,1618]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Nerpa fistulata. PLA-N004, photomicrographs of horizontal sections. (A) anterior end; (B–F) copulatory apparatus. Scale bar: 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599324/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">4</figureCitation>
|
||||
E–F, 5C, 6A–B). The proximal, anterior section of the seminal vesicle is separated from the smaller posterior section by means of a shallow constriction. The posterior section of the seminal vesicle communicates with the ejaculatory duct, which opens at the tip of penis papilla. Penis glands discharge their secretion into the proximal section of the ejaculatory duct (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C7A8E2FFCC3FE6111E0FCE5" box="[852,954,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1544,1566]" captionTargetBox="[168,1428,409,1523]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[158,1428,409,1523]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Nerpa fistulata. Whole mounts. (A) PLA-N005, whole animal; (B) PLA-N006, penis and oviduct; (C) PLA-N005, penis. Scale bar: A = 100 µm, B–C = 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599322/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Figs. 3C</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C7A8E2FFC5CFE6111B4FCE5" box="[971,1006,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1077,1099]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,193,1056]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[156,1431,193,1056]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Nerpa fistulata. Photomicrographs of sagittal sections. (A–B) PLA-N003, ovaries; (C) PLA-N003, copulatory apparatus; (D) PLA-N003, lateral bursa; (E) PLA-N001, oviduct. Scale bar: 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599326/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">5C</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C7A8E2FFC69FE61167BFCE5" box="[1022,1057,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1060,1082]" captionTargetBox="[171,1426,419,1033]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[156,1430,409,1039]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Nerpa fistulata. (A) diagrammatic horizontal reconstruction of entire animal, based on examination of several specimens; (B) diagrammatic sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus, based on examination of several specimens." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599328/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">6B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The tip of the penis papilla is provided with a sclerotic stylet, which is about 50 µm long (n=5) (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C7A8E2FFC3CFE0A1652FCC1" box="[939,1032,476,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1544,1566]" captionTargetBox="[168,1428,409,1523]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[158,1428,409,1523]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Nerpa fistulata. Whole mounts. (A) PLA-N005, whole animal; (B) PLA-N006, penis and oviduct; (C) PLA-N005, penis. Scale bar: A = 100 µm, B–C = 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599322/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The penis papilla is lined with a nucleated epithelium and is surrounded by well-developed layers of circular and longitudinal muscles.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="318827849C7A8E2FFF00F9B613EDFBA0" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599324/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" startId="6.[151,250,1632,1654]" targetBox="[156,1430,584,1618]" targetPageId="6">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6548770C9C7A8E2FFF00F9B613EDFBA0" blockId="6.[151,1436,1632,1685]" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C7A8E2FFF00F9B6134EFB40" bold="true" box="[151,276,1632,1654]" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">FIGURE 4</emphasis>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C7A8E2FFEB0F9B7139DFB43" authorityName="Chen & Li & Sluys & Wu & Wang & Li & Wang" authorityYear="2019" box="[295,455,1632,1654]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Bdellouridae" genus="Nerpa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="6" pageNumber="155" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="fistulata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C7A8E2FFEB0F9B7139DFB43" box="[295,455,1632,1654]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Nerpa fistulata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. PLA-N004, photomicrographs of horizontal sections. (A) anterior end; (B–F) copulatory apparatus. Scale bar: 20 µm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="6548770C9C7A8E2FFF50F96A11BAFAC0" blockId="6.[151,1436,1724,2037]" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">
|
||||
The vitellaria are well developed and lie between the lateral diverticula (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C7A8E2FFC60F96A160BFBE0" box="[1015,1105,1724,1749]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1544,1566]" captionTargetBox="[168,1428,409,1523]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[158,1428,409,1523]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Nerpa fistulata. Whole mounts. (A) PLA-N005, whole animal; (B) PLA-N006, penis and oviduct; (C) PLA-N005, penis. Scale bar: A = 100 µm, B–C = 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599322/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). A pair of ovaries is situated immediately behind the brain and the eyes (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C7A8E2FFDE9F93610B8FBCD" box="[638,738,1760,1785]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1982,2004]" captionTargetBox="[164,1430,989,1961]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[156,1430,989,1961]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Nerpa fistulata. Live specimens: (A–B) whole animal, dorsal view; (C) copulatory apparatus, showing penis, oviduct, lateral bursae and gonopore. (D) sperm. Scale bar: A–B = 100 µm, C = 50 µm, D = 10µm" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599320/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Figs. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C7A8E2FFD7AF936114BFBCD" box="[749,785,1760,1784]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1544,1566]" captionTargetBox="[168,1428,409,1523]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[158,1428,409,1523]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Nerpa fistulata. Whole mounts. (A) PLA-N005, whole animal; (B) PLA-N006, penis and oviduct; (C) PLA-N005, penis. Scale bar: A = 100 µm, B–C = 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599322/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">3A</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C7A8E2FFC8AF9361118FBCD" box="[797,834,1760,1784]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1632,1654]" captionTargetBox="[156,1430,584,1618]" captionTargetId="figure@6.[156,1430,584,1618]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 4. Nerpa fistulata. PLA-N004, photomicrographs of horizontal sections. (A) anterior end; (B–F) copulatory apparatus. Scale bar: 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599324/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">4A</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C7A8E2FFCDAF9361100FBCC" box="[845,858,1760,1785]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1077,1099]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,193,1056]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[156,1431,193,1056]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Nerpa fistulata. Photomicrographs of sagittal sections. (A–B) PLA-N003, ovaries; (C) PLA-N003, copulatory apparatus; (D) PLA-N003, lateral bursa; (E) PLA-N001, oviduct. Scale bar: 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599326/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">5</figureCitation>
|
||||
A–B, 6A). The ovaries are oval-shaped and have an oblique orientation, as they tilt forwards. After mating, the anterior end of the oviducts extends to form an ampulla, which houses the allosperm (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C7A8E2FFE76F8FE101FFA75" box="[481,581,1832,1857]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1544,1566]" captionTargetBox="[168,1428,409,1523]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[158,1428,409,1523]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Nerpa fistulata. Whole mounts. (A) PLA-N005, whole animal; (B) PLA-N006, penis and oviduct; (C) PLA-N005, penis. Scale bar: A = 100 µm, B–C = 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599322/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Figs. 3B</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C7A8E2FFDC5F8FE102EFA74" box="[594,628,1832,1857]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1077,1099]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,193,1056]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[156,1431,193,1056]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Nerpa fistulata. Photomicrographs of sagittal sections. (A–B) PLA-N003, ovaries; (C) PLA-N003, copulatory apparatus; (D) PLA-N003, lateral bursa; (E) PLA-N001, oviduct. Scale bar: 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599326/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">5E</figureCitation>
|
||||
). From the ovaries each oviduct runs posteriorly and at the level of the posterior portion of the male atrium it gives rise to two branches, one of which communicates with the lateral bursa, while the other opens into the bursal canal (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C7A8E2FFD59F8A6116AFABD" box="[718,816,1904,1929]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1982,2004]" captionTargetBox="[164,1430,989,1961]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[156,1430,989,1961]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Nerpa fistulata. Live specimens: (A–B) whole animal, dorsal view; (C) copulatory apparatus, showing penis, oviduct, lateral bursae and gonopore. (D) sperm. Scale bar: A–B = 100 µm, C = 50 µm, D = 10µm" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599320/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Figs. 2C</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C7A8E2FFCABF8A61105FABD" box="[828,863,1904,1928]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[151,250,1544,1566]" captionTargetBox="[168,1428,409,1523]" captionTargetId="figure@5.[158,1428,409,1523]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Nerpa fistulata. Whole mounts. (A) PLA-N005, whole animal; (B) PLA-N006, penis and oviduct; (C) PLA-N005, penis. Scale bar: A = 100 µm, B–C = 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599322/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">3B</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C7A8E2FFCFCF8A61123FABC" box="[875,889,1904,1929]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1060,1082]" captionTargetBox="[171,1426,419,1033]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[156,1430,409,1039]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Nerpa fistulata. (A) diagrammatic horizontal reconstruction of entire animal, based on examination of several specimens; (B) diagrammatic sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus, based on examination of several specimens." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599328/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">6</figureCitation>
|
||||
A–B). From its point of communication with the atrium, the bursal canal curves anteriad and opens into a rounded copulatory bursa, which lies dorsally to the male atrium. The bursal canal, surrounded by circular muscles, is lined with a nucleated epithelium and receives the openings of shell glands ventrally to the oviducal openings, (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C7A8E2FFCD6F80A11F9FAC0" box="[833,931,2012,2037]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1077,1099]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,193,1056]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[156,1431,193,1056]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Nerpa fistulata. Photomicrographs of sagittal sections. (A–B) PLA-N003, ovaries; (C) PLA-N003, copulatory apparatus; (D) PLA-N003, lateral bursa; (E) PLA-N001, oviduct. Scale bar: 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599326/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">Figs. 5C</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C7A8E2FFC38F80A1188FAC0" box="[943,978,2012,2037]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1060,1082]" captionTargetBox="[171,1426,419,1033]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[156,1430,409,1039]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Nerpa fistulata. (A) diagrammatic horizontal reconstruction of entire animal, based on examination of several specimens; (B) diagrammatic sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus, based on examination of several specimens." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599328/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="155">6B</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="318827849C7B8E2EFF00FBE311BEF95F" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599326/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" startId="7.[151,250,1077,1099]" targetBox="[156,1431,193,1056]" targetPageId="7">
|
||||
<paragraph id="6548770C9C7B8E2EFF00FBE311BEF95F" blockId="7.[151,1436,1077,1130]" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C7B8E2EFF00FBE3134FF97E" bold="true" box="[151,277,1077,1099]" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||||
<emphasis id="5783AB1E9C7B8E2EFE88FBE01398F97E" box="[287,450,1077,1099]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="A2F70C8F9C7B8E2EFE88FBE013E4F97E" authorityName="Chen & Li & Sluys & Wu & Wang & Li & Wang" authorityYear="2019" box="[287,446,1077,1099]" class="Rhabditophora" family="Bdellouridae" genus="Nerpa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Tricladida" pageId="7" pageNumber="156" phylum="Platyhelminthes" rank="species" species="fistulata">Nerpa fistulata</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Photomicrographs of sagittal sections. (A–B) PLA-N003, ovaries; (C) PLA-N003, copulatory apparatus; (D) PLA-N003, lateral bursa; (E) PLA-N001, oviduct. Scale bar: 20 µm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="6548770C9C7B8E2EFF50FB4E1680F82E" blockId="7.[151,1436,1174,1307]" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">
|
||||
Two rounded lateral bursae, about 45 µm in diameter, are located on either side of the body, more or less at the level of the gonopore (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C7B8E2EFE0AFB6C105BF9E6" box="[413,513,1210,1235]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[151,250,1982,2004]" captionTargetBox="[164,1430,989,1961]" captionTargetId="figure@4.[156,1430,989,1961]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Nerpa fistulata. Live specimens: (A–B) whole animal, dorsal view; (C) copulatory apparatus, showing penis, oviduct, lateral bursae and gonopore. (D) sperm. Scale bar: A–B = 100 µm, C = 50 µm, D = 10µm" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599320/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Figs. 2C</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C7B8E2EFD98FB6C106EF9E6" box="[527,564,1210,1235]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1077,1099]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,193,1056]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[156,1431,193,1056]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Nerpa fistulata. Photomicrographs of sagittal sections. (A–B) PLA-N003, ovaries; (C) PLA-N003, copulatory apparatus; (D) PLA-N003, lateral bursa; (E) PLA-N001, oviduct. Scale bar: 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599326/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">5D</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C7B8E2EFDD6FB6C1015F9E6" box="[577,591,1210,1235]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="8.[151,250,1060,1082]" captionTargetBox="[171,1426,419,1033]" captionTargetId="figure@8.[156,1430,409,1039]" captionTargetPageId="8" captionText="FIGURE 6. Nerpa fistulata. (A) diagrammatic horizontal reconstruction of entire animal, based on examination of several specimens; (B) diagrammatic sagittal reconstruction of the copulatory apparatus, based on examination of several specimens." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599328/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">6</figureCitation>
|
||||
A–B); a duct connects each lateral bursa with the ventrally located lateral gonopore. Ample sperm is present in the lateral bursae (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="FDCC6B899C7B8E2EFC8BFB081122F9C2" box="[796,888,1246,1271]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1077,1099]" captionTargetBox="[156,1431,193,1056]" captionTargetId="figure@7.[156,1431,193,1056]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 5. Nerpa fistulata. Photomicrographs of sagittal sections. (A–B) PLA-N003, ovaries; (C) PLA-N003, copulatory apparatus; (D) PLA-N003, lateral bursa; (E) PLA-N001, oviduct. Scale bar: 20 µm." httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/2599326/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="156">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
|
||||
). The bursae and the last-mentioned connecting ducts are lined with a single layer of nucleated epithelium and are surrounded by circular muscle.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
130
data/ED/5E/ED/ED5EED1F0A4BDDB1861A5988B41CD02F.xml
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130
data/ED/5E/ED/ED5EED1F0A4BDDB1861A5988B41CD02F.xml
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@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
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|
||||
<treatment id="ED5EED1F0A4BDDB1861A5988B41CD02F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4373829" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164016216" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4373829" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:ED5EED1F0A4BDDB1861A5988B41CD02F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/ED5EED1F0A4BDDB1861A5988B41CD02F" lastPageNumber="850" pageNumber="850">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="AAC66F51C0A488505727FCB70ADB7F82" pageNumber="850" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="A9869858ED6D9640D684464E5EF246F3" pageNumber="850">
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="27E1898FB5D4A631CAB2491C5EB4ADA2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4358083" ID-Zenodo-Dep="4358083" author="Linnaeus" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/EDE1BA252FE7CB10C8467A9023C87DB7" pageNumber="416" year="1753">
|
||||
<bibCitation id="75340F4A7C55F0FD4988AC0DD7EECF16" author="Linnaeus" pagination="416" title="Silene anglica" volumeTitle="Species Plantarum 1" year="1753">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="90A0BAA41810D89C9953398A9BA8050F" ID-CoL="4XBM5" authority="Linnaeus" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Silene" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anglica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="A94295EE25491E2140A52CD19AC26527" bold="true" pageNumber="850">Silene anglica</emphasis>
|
||||
Linnaeus
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<volumeTitle id="FA551D35FDCBA345EAD2B8AB92D60782">
|
||||
<emphasis id="6F2AFDFBEF203898D266F8362612BEE3" italics="true" pageNumber="850">Species Plantarum</emphasis>
|
||||
1
|
||||
</volumeTitle>
|
||||
: 416. 1753
|
||||
</bibCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="055C347932A9FFA3E619BFA0F5E1EDFA" italics="true" pageNumber="850">nom. rej.</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="AF90192BFBD098F6148BB64721A88261" pageNumber="850" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="CC7F0494C4ABC6F7569DFD9E49E6D0AA" pageNumber="850">"Habitat in Anglia, Gallia." RCN: 3238.</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="97C2C30E2E02953964408E31F61D1663" pageNumber="850" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="C4098BFF4CBDB68B95DDCBE5F29D920C" pageNumber="850">
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="EBCC8DCC079C1218A9B94E59EF6E2EAB" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2612021077" collectionCode="LINN" specimenCode="583.1" typeStatus="lectotype">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="0B2887B102BF09EAB4AB954B54CED167">Lectotype</typeStatus>
|
||||
(Talavera &
|
||||
<normalizedToken id="A3083027DD01D2A0A15CDE0EF095C477" originalValue="Muñoz">Munoz</normalizedToken>
|
||||
Garmendia in
|
||||
<emphasis id="31F1EA73789A13F35D88857AA0CD69A1" italics="true" pageNumber="850">Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid</emphasis>
|
||||
45: 408. 1989): Herb. Linn. No. 583.1 (
|
||||
<collectionCode id="8DAEEB8C8153B5B6D64C4994CEDD8CEB">LINN</collectionCode>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="9BD52BB5D70FDD38058872821EB9DFF4" pageNumber="850" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="EB612F9DB34624C9C209BE2F25296650" pageNumber="850">
|
||||
<typeStatus id="D5D932D1B4FF6F864991800538D252BD">Generitype</typeStatus>
|
||||
of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="D81E1454D278DB1B2D426F0C01220ED2" authority="Linnaeus" authorityName="Linnaeus" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Silene" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="11C565B11272B22A4C08D0B17D848D1D" italics="true" pageNumber="850">Silene</emphasis>
|
||||
Linnaeus
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="A7D1594DDA123F2D2BCA53F7FB35B37D" italics="true" pageNumber="850">nom. cons.</emphasis>
|
||||
(vide Green,
|
||||
<emphasis id="4F516E744BD4C5A591786415F66F9B27" italics="true" pageNumber="850">Prop. Brit. Bot.</emphasis>
|
||||
: 155. 1929).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="CB7457FD911BDC641AA6F6A6606DB2ED" pageNumber="850" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="0A1D5F388E7063972BE1C7E0AB90FFAA" pageNumber="850">
|
||||
Current name:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="021FB590352BC659BD79630754712B66" ID-CoL="4XC79" authority="L." authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Silene" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gallica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="E45FCC4C3D62E9EB958E873FEC0E089E" italics="true" pageNumber="850">
|
||||
<emphasis id="308D9DD7598D450213B990F1C7F5115B" bold="true" italics="true" pageNumber="850">Silene gallica</emphasis>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
L.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="F7F256B7DF0C73F55088A9DF44898493" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Caryophyllaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="DC8B45A143D0D124D88D3C6F07C438D7" pageNumber="850" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="2B654F679CF6AD37B9ABABE7DAE7CA45" pageNumber="850">
|
||||
<emphasis id="DD49AE033F511161C88C13722DBD29C7" italics="true" pageNumber="850">
|
||||
Note:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="EF463AF1D54955B5896B7217BBD42F84" authority="Linnaeus" authorityName="Linnaeus" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Silene" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Silene Linnaeus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="FD64EA8CED068FEA169EA222C1104C18" italics="true" pageNumber="850">nom. cons</emphasis>
|
||||
, against
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7CA334D9345A161631CC7848DCFF111D" authority="Linnaeus." authorityName="Linnaeus." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Lychnis" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4D4C98213F18A93B25DC92770D1995C3" italics="true" pageNumber="850">Lychnis</emphasis>
|
||||
Linnaeus.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="7236EE8977A5C04014ED39897DFF959E" authority="L." authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Silene" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gallica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="C9EC3E7D1F5F9D140EFF6AC15C7B538B" italics="true" pageNumber="850">Silene gallica</emphasis>
|
||||
L.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is conserved against
|
||||
<emphasis id="922964925E08CC47B6892173F5C7BB0E" italics="true" pageNumber="850">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="CD4CA1776C7C40B9A902C5410F73D655" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Caryophyllaceae" genus="Silene" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="anglica">S. anglica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
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