diff --git a/data/03/BF/82/03BF8275FFC2FFCC65CCFCD10E1EB193.xml b/data/03/BF/82/03BF8275FFC2FFCC65CCFCD10E1EB193.xml index 35dfacbdb97..620e2766d9d 100644 --- a/data/03/BF/82/03BF8275FFC2FFCC65CCFCD10E1EB193.xml +++ b/data/03/BF/82/03BF8275FFC2FFCC65CCFCD10E1EB193.xml @@ -1,48 +1,49 @@ - - - -Four new species of the spider genus Pinelema (Araneae, Telemidae) from caves in South China + + + +Four new species of the spider genus Pinelema (Araneae, Telemidae) from caves in South China - - -Author + + +Author -Wang, Chunxia -Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China. & Southeast Asia Biological Diversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China +Wang, Chunxia +Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China. & Southeast Asia Biological Diversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China - - -Author + + +Author -Li, Shuqiang -Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China. & Corresponding author: lisq @ ioz. ac. cn +Li, Shuqiang +Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China. & Corresponding author: lisq @ ioz. ac. cn -text - - -Ecologica Montenegrina +text + + +Ecologica Montenegrina - -2016 - -2016-12-14 + +2016 + +2016-12-14 - -7 + +7 - -546 -566 + +546 +566 - -https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2016.7.24 + +https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2016.7.24 -journal article -10.37828/em.2016.7.24 -2336-9744 -urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A978B551-DCD5-46A0-8CFB-2E1927A24C8D +journal article +10.37828/em.2016.7.24 +2336-9744 +13315131 +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A978B551-DCD5-46A0-8CFB-2E1927A24C8D @@ -60,9 +61,9 @@ -Figs 13–16 +Figs 13–16 , -17 +17 @@ -147,13 +148,13 @@ This new species is similar to sp. nov. ) ( -Figs 13A +Figs 13A , -14A +14A ); embolus about 3.4 times shorter than tegulum ( -Figs 13C–D +Figs 13C–D , -15A–B +15A–B ) (1/4 the length of tegulum in P. huobaensis @@ -162,9 +163,9 @@ This new species is similar to sp. nov. ); and in the female spermatheca shaped as a golf-club, with a spherical distal part ( -Figs 14C +Figs 14C , -16A, C +16A, C ) (spermatheca sacciform, swollen in middle, and contracted at distal part in P. huobaensis @@ -183,23 +184,23 @@ Description. Male ( ). Total length 1.40 ( -Fig. 13A +Fig. 13A ). Carapace 0.56 long, 0.54 wide. Opisthosoma 0.70 long, 0.62 wide. Sternum 0.38 long, 0.38 wide. Carapace, legs, labium, endites and chelicerae yellow, sternum brown. Carapace with a pair of setae at the retrolateral side of eyes. Leg measurements: I 4.64 (1.37, 0.25, 1.40, 1.00, 0.62); II 3.79 (1.12, 0.25, 1.12, 0.75, 0.55); III 2.62 (0.87, 0.15, 0.70, 0.50, 0.40); IV 3.50 (1.10, 0.25, 1.00, 0.65, 0.50). Opisthosoma blue, oval dorsally. Palp measurements: 0.95 (0.22, 0.10, 0.20, -, 0.43). Palp tarsus ( -Figs 13B–D +Figs 13B–D , -15A–B, E +15A–B, E ): bulb oval, subequal to the length of tarsus, length about 2 times longer than wide, embolus short, approximately 1/5 the length of the tegulum. Female. Similar to male in coloration and general features, but with a larger body size and shorter legs. Total length 1.56 ( -Figs 14A–B +Figs 14A–B ). Carapace 0.62 long, 0.56 wide. Opisthosoma 0.86 long, 0.70 wide. Sternum 0.39 long, 0.37 wide. Leg measurements: I 4.37 (1.30, 0.25, 1.35, 0.85, 0.62); II 3.72 (1.12, 0.25, 1.10, 0.70, 0.55); III 2.65 (0.90, 0.15, 0.70, 0.50, 0.40); IV 3.49 (1.12, 0.25, 1.00, 0.62, 0.50). Epigynum ( -Fig. 16B +Fig. 16B ) with a row of short, slender setae posterior to epigastric furrow. Spermatheca ( -Figs 14C +Figs 14C , -16A, C +16A, C ) golf-rod-shaped, distal part spherical. @@ -217,7 +218,7 @@ locality in , China ( -Fig. 17 +Fig. 17 ) diff --git a/data/03/BF/82/03BF8275FFC7FFC965CCFDD00E1EB129.xml b/data/03/BF/82/03BF8275FFC7FFC965CCFDD00E1EB129.xml index 424e602881d..f74db4179a9 100644 --- a/data/03/BF/82/03BF8275FFC7FFC965CCFDD00E1EB129.xml +++ b/data/03/BF/82/03BF8275FFC7FFC965CCFDD00E1EB129.xml @@ -1,48 +1,49 @@ - - - -Four new species of the spider genus Pinelema (Araneae, Telemidae) from caves in South China + + + +Four new species of the spider genus Pinelema (Araneae, Telemidae) from caves in South China - - -Author + + +Author -Wang, Chunxia -Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China. & Southeast Asia Biological Diversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China +Wang, Chunxia +Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China. & Southeast Asia Biological Diversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China - - -Author + + +Author -Li, Shuqiang -Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China. & Corresponding author: lisq @ ioz. ac. cn +Li, Shuqiang +Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China. & Corresponding author: lisq @ ioz. ac. cn -text - - -Ecologica Montenegrina +text + + +Ecologica Montenegrina - -2016 - -2016-12-14 + +2016 + +2016-12-14 - -7 + +7 - -546 -566 + +546 +566 - -https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2016.7.24 + +https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2016.7.24 -journal article -10.37828/em.2016.7.24 -2336-9744 -urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A978B551-DCD5-46A0-8CFB-2E1927A24C8D +journal article +10.37828/em.2016.7.24 +2336-9744 +13315131 +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A978B551-DCD5-46A0-8CFB-2E1927A24C8D @@ -60,9 +61,9 @@ -Figs 5–8 +Figs 5–8 , -17 +17 @@ -145,23 +146,23 @@ by the lack of eyes and yellowish opisthosoma (six eyes, blue opisthosoma in P. bailongensis ) ( -Figs 5A +Figs 5A , -6A +6A ); embolus short, about 1/4 the length of the tegulum ( -Figs 5C–D +Figs 5C–D , -7A–B +7A–B ) (embolus as long as tegulum in P. bailongensis ); and in the female epigynum with a row of short, slender setae behind epigastric furrow ( -Fig. 8A +Fig. 8A ), spermatheca begins to be swollen at 1/3 point, contracted and not curving at the distal part ( -Figs 6C +Figs 6C , -8B–C +8B–C ) (epigynum with a row of short, strong spines behind epigastric furrow, spermatheca begins to be swollen at 4/5 point, curving ventrally at 3/5 point in P. bailongensis @@ -177,23 +178,23 @@ Description. Male ( ). Total length 1.80 ( -Fig. 5A +Fig. 5A ). Carapace 0.75 long, 0.62 wide. Opisthosoma 1.00 long, 0.87 wide. Sternum 0.35 long, 0.44 wide. Carapace, sternum, yellowish; legs, labium, endites and chelicerae yellow. Carapace with a pair of setae at the retrolateral side of eyes. Eye absent. Leg measurements: I 5.65 (1.65, 0.25, 1.75, 1.25, 0.75); II 4.95 (1.50, 0.25, 1.50, 1.00, 0.70); III 3.65 (1.15, 0.25, 0.95, 0.75, 0.55); IV 4.45 (1.40, 0.25, 1.25, 0.95, 0.60). Opisthosoma whitish, circular dorsally. Palp measurements: 0.92 (0.19, 0.10, 0.22, -, 0.41). Palp tarsus ( -Figs 5B–D +Figs 5B–D , -7A–C +7A–C ): bulb, oval, subequal to the length of tarsus, about 2.0 times longer than wide; embolus short, approximately 1/4 the length of the tegulum. Female. Similar to male in coloration and general features, but with a smaller body size and shorter legs. Total length 1.80 ( -Figs 6A–B +Figs 6A–B ). Carapace 0.80 long, 0.60 wide. Opisthosoma 0.90 long, 0.70 wide. Sternum 0.50 long, 0.40 wide. Leg measurements: I 5.92 (1.80, 0.25, 1.87, 1.25, 0.75); II 5.29 (1.62, 0.25, 1.62, 1.15, 0.65); III 3.70 (1.15, 0.25, 1.00, 0.75, 0.55); IV 4.77 (1.50, 0.25, 1.30, 1.10, 0.62). Epigynum ( -Fig. 8A +Fig. 8A ) with a row of short, slender setae behind epigastric furrow. Spermatheca ( -Figs 6C +Figs 6C , -8B–C +8B–C ) sacciform, begins to be swollen at 1/3 point and contracted at distal part. @@ -211,7 +212,7 @@ locality in , China ( -Fig. 17 +Fig. 17 ) diff --git a/data/03/BF/82/03BF8275FFC7FFCC65CCF9990EE1B58F.xml b/data/03/BF/82/03BF8275FFC7FFCC65CCF9990EE1B58F.xml index f08731d1038..f62a6b155af 100644 --- a/data/03/BF/82/03BF8275FFC7FFCC65CCF9990EE1B58F.xml +++ b/data/03/BF/82/03BF8275FFC7FFCC65CCF9990EE1B58F.xml @@ -1,48 +1,49 @@ - - - -Four new species of the spider genus Pinelema (Araneae, Telemidae) from caves in South China + + + +Four new species of the spider genus Pinelema (Araneae, Telemidae) from caves in South China - - -Author + + +Author -Wang, Chunxia -Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China. & Southeast Asia Biological Diversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China +Wang, Chunxia +Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China. & Southeast Asia Biological Diversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China - - -Author + + +Author -Li, Shuqiang -Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China. & Corresponding author: lisq @ ioz. ac. cn +Li, Shuqiang +Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China. & Corresponding author: lisq @ ioz. ac. cn -text - - -Ecologica Montenegrina +text + + +Ecologica Montenegrina - -2016 - -2016-12-14 + +2016 + +2016-12-14 - -7 + +7 - -546 -566 + +546 +566 - -https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2016.7.24 + +https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2016.7.24 -journal article -10.37828/em.2016.7.24 -2336-9744 -urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A978B551-DCD5-46A0-8CFB-2E1927A24C8D +journal article +10.37828/em.2016.7.24 +2336-9744 +13315131 +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A978B551-DCD5-46A0-8CFB-2E1927A24C8D @@ -60,9 +61,9 @@ -Figs 9–12 +Figs 9–12 , -17 +17 @@ -140,21 +141,21 @@ This new species is similar to the generotype P. bailongensis ) ( -Figs 9A +Figs 9A , -10A +10A ); embolus about 1.4 times longer than tegulum ( -Figs 9C–D +Figs 9C–D , -11A–B +11A–B ) (embolus as long as tegulum in P. bailongensis ); and in the female epigynum with a row of short, slender setae behind epigastric furrow, spermatheca tenuous, ribbon-shaped ( -Figs 10C–D +Figs 10C–D , -12C–E +12C–E ) (epigynum with a row of short, strong spines behind epigastric furrow, spermatheca strong, tube-shaped in P. bailongensis @@ -162,7 +163,7 @@ This new species is similar to the generotype ). - + FIGURE 9. @@ -175,7 +176,7 @@ This new species is similar to the generotype male holotype. A. Habitus, dorsal view; B. Embolus tip, apical view; C. Palp, prolateral view; D. Palp, retrolateral view. - + FIGURE 10. @@ -188,7 +189,7 @@ male holotype. A. Habitus, dorsal view; B. Embolus tip, apical view; C. Palp, pr female paratype. A. Habitus, dorsal view; B. Habitus, ventral view; C. Spermatheca, distal view; D. Spermatheca, apical view. - + FIGURE 11. @@ -201,7 +202,7 @@ female paratype. A. Habitus, dorsal view; B. Habitus, ventral view; C. Spermathe male holotype. A. Palp, prolateral view; B. Palp, retrolateral view; C. Chelicera, posterior view; D. Colulus ventral view. Scale bars: 0.10 mm. - + FIGURE 12. @@ -222,25 +223,25 @@ Description. Male ( ). Total length 1.50 ( -Fig. 9A +Fig. 9A ). Carapace 0.62 long, 0.62 wide. Opisthosoma 0.87 long, 0.75 wide. Sternum 0.35 long, 0.32 wide. Carapace, sternum, legs and chelicerae yellowish; labium and endites yellow. Eye absent. Leg measurements: I 5.99 (1.75, 0.20, 1.87, 1.37, 0.80); II 5.25 (1.50, 0.20, 1.60, 1.20, 0.75); III 3.95 (1.25, 0.15, 1.25, 0.75, 0.55); IV 4.92 (1.60, 0.20, 1.37, 1.00, 0.75). Opisthosoma whitish, circular dorsally. Palp measurements: 1.08 (0.23, 0.10, 0.27, -, 0.48). Palp tarsus ( -Figs 9B–D +Figs 9B–D , -11A–B +11A–B , -12A +12A ): bulb about 1.3 times the length of tarsus, length about 3.0 times longer than wide, embolus long, tube-shaped, approximately 1.4 times longer than tegulum. Female. Similar to male in coloration and general features, but with a larger body size and shorter legs. Total length 1.62 ( -Figs 10A–B +Figs 10A–B ). Carapace 0.62 long, 0.60 wide. Opisthosoma 0.87 long, 0.87 wide. Sternum 0.40 long, 0.34 wide. Leg measurements: I 5.60 (1.75, 0.20, 1.70, 1.25, 0.70); II 5.20 (1.60, 0.20, 1.55, 1.10, 0.75); III 3.55 (1.15, 0.15, 1.00, 0.70, 0.55); IV 4.60 (1.50, 0.20, 1.35, 0.95, 0.60). Epigynum ( -Fig. 12B +Fig. 12B ) with a row of short, slender setae behind epigastric furrow. Spermatheca ( -Figs 10C–D +Figs 10C–D , -12C–E +12C–E ) tenuous, ribbon-shaped, distal part swollen and reflexed. @@ -258,7 +259,7 @@ locality in , China ( -Fig. 17 +Fig. 17 ). diff --git a/data/03/BF/82/03BF8275FFCCFFC965CCFB2F0E1EB6F2.xml b/data/03/BF/82/03BF8275FFCCFFC965CCFB2F0E1EB6F2.xml index 3c6e8591fc2..71f434d9c37 100644 --- a/data/03/BF/82/03BF8275FFCCFFC965CCFB2F0E1EB6F2.xml +++ b/data/03/BF/82/03BF8275FFCCFFC965CCFB2F0E1EB6F2.xml @@ -1,48 +1,49 @@ - - - -Four new species of the spider genus Pinelema (Araneae, Telemidae) from caves in South China + + + +Four new species of the spider genus Pinelema (Araneae, Telemidae) from caves in South China - - -Author + + +Author -Wang, Chunxia -Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China. & Southeast Asia Biological Diversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China +Wang, Chunxia +Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China. & Southeast Asia Biological Diversity Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Menglun, Mengla, Yunnan 666303, China - - -Author + + +Author -Li, Shuqiang -Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China. & Corresponding author: lisq @ ioz. ac. cn +Li, Shuqiang +Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, P. R. China. & Corresponding author: lisq @ ioz. ac. cn -text - - -Ecologica Montenegrina +text + + +Ecologica Montenegrina - -2016 - -2016-12-14 + +2016 + +2016-12-14 - -7 + +7 - -546 -566 + +546 +566 - -https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2016.7.24 + +https://doi.org/10.37828/em.2016.7.24 -journal article -10.37828/em.2016.7.24 -2336-9744 -urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A978B551-DCD5-46A0-8CFB-2E1927A24C8D +journal article +10.37828/em.2016.7.24 +2336-9744 +13315131 +urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A978B551-DCD5-46A0-8CFB-2E1927A24C8D @@ -60,9 +61,9 @@ -Figs 1–4 +Figs 1–4 , -17 +17 @@ -142,25 +143,25 @@ This new species is similar to the , but can be distinguished by the pear-shaped bulb ( -Figs 1C–D +Figs 1C–D , -3A–B +3A–B ) (oval in P. bailongensis ); the distal part of embolus not sclerotized ( -Figs 1B +Figs 1B , -4C +4C ) (weakly sclerotized in P. bailongensis ); and in the female epigynum with a row of short, slender setae behind epigastric furrow, the distal part of spermatheca slender ( -Figs 2C +Figs 2C , -4E +4E ) (epigynum with a row of short, strong spines behind epigastric furrow, distal part of spermatheca swollen in P. bailongensis @@ -176,16 +177,16 @@ Description. Male ( ). Total length 1.36 ( -Fig. 1A +Fig. 1A ). Carapace 0.56 long, 0.55 wide. Opisthosoma 0.76 long, 0.60 wide. Sternum 0.32 long, 0.32 wide. Carapace, labium, endites and chelicerae, yellow; sternum brown. Carapace with a pair of setae at the retrolateral side of eyes. Leg measurements: I 4.17 (1.25, 0.15, 1.30, 0.87, 0.60); II 3.51 (1.12, 0.15, 1.05, 0.72, 0.47); III 2.34 (0.75, 0.12, 0.62, 0.45, 0.40); IV 3.00 (1.05, 0.15, 0.80, 0.60, 0.40). Opisthosoma blue, oval dorsally. Palp measurement: 0.81 (0.20, 0.09, 0.16, -, 0.36). Palp tarsus ( -Figs 1B–D +Figs 1B–D , -3A–B +3A–B , -4C +4C ): bulb pear-shaped, about 1.3 times longer than cymbium, about 2 times longer than wide; embolus tube-shaped, approximately as long as tegulum. - + FIGURE 1. @@ -198,7 +199,7 @@ Total length 1.36 ( male holotype. A. Habitus, dorsal view; B. Tip of embolus, apical view; C. Right palp, retrolateral view; D. Right palp, prolateral view. - + FIGURE 2. @@ -211,7 +212,7 @@ male holotype. A. Habitus, dorsal view; B. Tip of embolus, apical view; C. Right female paratype. A. Habitus, dorsal view; B. Habitus, ventral view; C. Spermatheca, dorsal view. - + FIGURE 3. @@ -224,7 +225,7 @@ female paratype. A. Habitus, dorsal view; B. Habitus, ventral view; C. Spermathe male holotype. A. Right palp, retrolateral view; B. Right palp, prolateral view. Scale bar: 0.10 mm. - + FIGURE 4. @@ -237,7 +238,7 @@ male holotype. A. Right palp, retrolateral view; B. Right palp, prolateral view. male holotype (A, C, D) and female paratype (B, E). A. Chelicera, posterior view; B. Epigynum, ventral view; C. Embolus tip, apical view; D. Colulus, ventral view; E. Spermatheca, dorsal view. Scale bars: A, D 0.10 mm; B, C, E 0.05 mm. - + FIGURE 5. @@ -250,7 +251,7 @@ male holotype (A, C, D) and female paratype (B, E). A. Chelicera, posterior view male holotype. A. Habitus, dorsal view; B. Embolus tip, apical view; C. Palp, prolateral view; D. Palp, retrolateral view. - + FIGURE 6. @@ -263,7 +264,7 @@ male holotype. A. Habitus, dorsal view; B. Embolus tip, apical view; C. Palp, pr female paratype. A. Habitus, dorsal view; B. Habitus, ventral view; C. Spermatheca, lateral view. - + FIGURE 7. @@ -276,7 +277,7 @@ female paratype. A. Habitus, dorsal view; B. Habitus, ventral view; C. Spermathe male holotype. A. Palp, prolateral view; B. Palp, retrolateral view; C. Embolus tip, apical view; D. Chelicera, posterior view; E. Colulus and spinnerets, ventral view. Scale bars: 0.10 mm. - + FIGURE 8. @@ -292,13 +293,13 @@ female paratype. A. Epigynum, ventral view; B. Spermatheca, dorsal view; C. Sper Female. Similar to male in coloration and general features, but with a smaller body size and shorter legs. Total length 0.80 ( -Figs 2A–B +Figs 2A–B ). Carapace 0.60 long, 0.55 wide. Opisthosoma 0.74 long, 0.56 wide. Sternum 0.34 long, 0.32 wide. Leg measurements: I 3.42 (1.12, 0.15, 0.90, 0.70, 0.55); II 3.02 (0.95, 0.15, 0.87, 0.55, 0.50); III 2.14 (0.75, 0.12, 0.55, 0.37, 0.35); IV 2.80 (1.00, 0.15, 0.75, 0.50, 0.40). Epigynum ( -Fig. 4B +Fig. 4B ) with a row of short, slender setae posterior to epigastric furrow. Spermatheca ( -Figs 2C +Figs 2C , -4E +4E ) elongate, cylindrical, distal part bent ventrally. @@ -316,7 +317,7 @@ locality in , China ( -Fig. 17 +Fig. 17 ) diff --git a/data/BF/50/52/BF5052292068FF9831AAFD88FD416081.xml b/data/BF/50/52/BF5052292068FF9831AAFD88FD416081.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..84a138da149 --- /dev/null +++ b/data/BF/50/52/BF5052292068FF9831AAFD88FD416081.xml @@ -0,0 +1,119 @@ + + + +The taxonomic catalog of the Brazilian fauna: Dermaptera and Phasmatodea (Insecta), with commentaries on species list, types, authorship and distribution + + + +Author + +Heleodoro, Raphael A. +Programa de Pós-graduaÇão em Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Amazonas. Avenida General Rodrigo Otávio + + + +Author + +Rafael, José Albertino +Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia. Avenida André Araújo 2936, Petrópolis, 69067 - 375 Manaus, AM, + +text + + +Zoologia + + +2023 + +e 22060 + + +2023-12-08 + + +40 + + +1 +17 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-4689.v40.e22060 + +journal article +10.1590/S1984-4689.v40.e22060 +1984-4689 +7E51416A-733D-475D-85D7-DEF072672C01 + + + + + + +Phasmatodea +general information + + + + + + +The +Phasmatodea +are known as leaf or stick insects (in +Brazil +, they are popularly known as bicho-pau). They can be recognized by their leafy body or by the slender body in the case of those species that resemble sticks. However, there are several cases (e.g., +Pseudophasmatidae +) that do not follow these two patterns. In these cases, phasmatodeans can be recognized by the prognathous mouth parts coupled with the elongated body, with or without tegmina and posterior wings, all leg pairs without adaptations, and cerci simple ( +Zompro 2012 +). +Phasmatodea +are terrestrial and herbivorous, mostly active during night ( +Zompro 2012 +). There are about 3,300 valid species worldwide, out of which over a thousand are recorded from the New World ( +Brock et al. 2022 +). In the Americas, +Agathemeridae +, +Diapheromeridae +, +Heteronemiidae +, +Phasmatidae +, +Prisopodidae +, +Pseudophasmatidae +, and +Timematidae +are present ( +Brock et al. 2022 +). Phylogenetically, Embioptera is the sister group of +Phasmatodea +( +Misof et al. 2014 +, +Beutel et al. 2017 +). The most updated catalogue of the World +Phasmatodea +is the ongoing +Phasmida +Species File project ( +Brock et al. 2022 +), an international collaboration among authors from all major regions of the globe. Special references should be made to +Zompro and Domenico (2005) +, who published a catalogue of the +type +material of +Phasmatodea +deposited in Brazilian museums, and +Araújo and Garraffoni (2012) +, who published a list of species originally described from +Brazil +. + + + + \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/data/BF/50/52/BF5052292069FF9831D6FAC0FE23673A.xml b/data/BF/50/52/BF5052292069FF9831D6FAC0FE23673A.xml new file mode 100644 index 00000000000..2aca062184b --- /dev/null +++ b/data/BF/50/52/BF5052292069FF9831D6FAC0FE23673A.xml @@ -0,0 +1,155 @@ + + + +The taxonomic catalog of the Brazilian fauna: Dermaptera and Phasmatodea (Insecta), with commentaries on species list, types, authorship and distribution + + + +Author + +Heleodoro, Raphael A. +Programa de Pós-graduaÇão em Zoologia, Universidade Federal do Amazonas. Avenida General Rodrigo Otávio + + + +Author + +Rafael, José Albertino +Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia. Avenida André Araújo 2936, Petrópolis, 69067 - 375 Manaus, AM, + +text + + +Zoologia + + +2023 + +e 22060 + + +2023-12-08 + + +40 + + +1 +17 + + + + +http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1984-4689.v40.e22060 + +journal article +10.1590/S1984-4689.v40.e22060 +1984-4689 +7E51416A-733D-475D-85D7-DEF072672C01 + + + + + + +Dermaptera +general information + + + + + + +Dermaptera +, also known as earwigs (in +Brazil +, they are popularly known as +tesourinhas +), can be easily recognized by the pincer-shaped, modified cerci. They are relatively small, ranging from +3 to 85 mm +(generally ranging from +10 to 15 mm +) and have a uniform morphology across the entire order, which includes a cordiform head, elongated body, and body varying from dark brown to black ( +Haas 2012 +). Earwigs inhabit a diversity of environments, from the litter at ground level, under loose bark of fallen trees, to the highest canopies ( +Haas 2012 +). They have adopted different feeding strategies: some species are mostly predators of other small arthropods, while there are more generalist species that feed on decomposing organic matter ( +Haas 2012 +). Currently, this insect order includes over 2,200 species described worldwide, distributed in 12 families: +Anisolabididae +, +Apachyidae +, +Arixeniidae +, +Chelisochidae +, +Diplatyidae +, +Forficulidae +, +Haplodiplatyidae +, +Hemimeridae +, +Karschiellidae +, +Labiduridae +, +Pygidicranidae +, and + +Spongiphoridae ( +Hopkins et al. 2022 +) + +. Out of the total species, 303 have been recorded from South America ( +Hopkins et al. 2022 +). Currently, there is strong support for the hypothesis that +Dermaptera +and Zoraptera are sister groups, mostly based on molecular evidence ( +Misof et al. 2014 +, +Wipfler et al. 2019 +). + + +The New World checklist of +Dermaptera +species was presented in a series of publications by Reichardt: 1968a – Pygidicranoidea; 1968b – +Anisolabididae +I; 1970 – +Anisolabididae II +and +Spongiphoridae +; 1971a – +Chelisochidae +, +Forficulidae +and +Labiduridae +; and 1971b – Amendments, additions and bibliography. These were followed by the World Catalog of +Steinmann (1989a) +and his taxonomic works (1986 and 1989b – Catadermaptera; 1990 and 1993 – Eudermaptera) and +Srivastava (1995 +– +Spongiphoridae +; 1999 – +Anisolabididae +). The works of Reichardt, Srivastava, and Steinmann complement one another: Srivastava and Steinmann updated the checklist with species that were described after Reichardt’s checklist; further, there are species cited by Reichardt and Srivastava that are not mentioned by Steinmann. An important reference is +Domenico (2005) +, a Brazilian author who published the +type +catalogue of +Dermaptera +housed at the Museu de Zoologia da Universidade de +São Paulo +( +São Paulo +, +Brazil +). + + + + \ No newline at end of file