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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.380.5755" ID-GBIF-Dataset="bcd2ca61-c8bb-42da-82e5-1bf9f3d05809" ID-PMC="PMC3950483" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-380-1" ID-PubMed="24624012" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2014" ModsDocID="1313-2970-380-1" ModsDocOrigin="ZooKeys 380" ModsDocTitle="Monograph of the Afrotropical species of Scelio Latreille (Hymenoptera, Platygastridae), egg parasitoids of acridid grasshoppers (Orthoptera, Acrididae)" checkinTime="1451246319681" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Yoder, Matthew J., Valerio, Alejandro A., Polaszek, Andrew, Noort, Simon van, Masner, Lubomir &amp; Johnson, Norman F." docDate="2014" docId="AF492029E866FDBECFCFF451F712DE29" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 380: 1-188" docOrigin="ZooKeys 380" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.380.5755" docTitle="Scelio fremo Valerio &amp; Yoder, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="4" lastPageNumber="53" masterDocId="FFDDFFFEFFE9330E0361FFCA9918A84B" masterDocTitle="Monograph of the Afrotropical species of Scelio Latreille (Hymenoptera, Platygastridae), egg parasitoids of acridid grasshoppers (Orthoptera, Acrididae)" masterLastPageNumber="188" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="51" updateTime="1668157705036" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>Monograph of the Afrotropical species of Scelio Latreille (Hymenoptera, Platygastridae), egg parasitoids of acridid grasshoppers (Orthoptera, Acrididae)</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Yoder, Matthew J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Valerio, Alejandro A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Polaszek, Andrew</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Noort, Simon van</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Masner, Lubomir</mods:namePart>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Johnson, Norman F.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
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<mods:number>380</mods:number>
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<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/85229D8E-72F0-45FD-91C0-B0BAA544A78B" authority="Valerio &amp; Yoder" class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Scelio" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scelio fremo" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fremo">Scelio fremo Valerio &amp; Yoder</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="50" pageNumber="51">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Figures 115-120; Morphbank 34
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="51" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="50" pageNumber="51" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="50" pageNumber="51">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="51" lastPageNumber="52" pageId="50" pageNumber="51">
Female body length: 5.60 mm (n=1). Color of pilosity of dorsal head in female: golden to brown. Occipital carina in female: percurrent. Color of pilosity of the frons below the anterior ocellus in female: predominantly white. Pilosity of eye in female: absent. Medial keel on interantennal process: absent. Width of lower gena in lateral view: wide, posterior margin of lower half of gena parallel to posterior orbit. Genal carina: absent. Color of genal pilosity: white. Color of scape in female: yellow throughout. Surface of the pronotal nucha in female: predominantly sculptured. Color of pilosity of pronotal shoulder in female: white to light brown, lighter than that of mesoscutum; golden to dark brown, concolorous with that of mesoscutum. Sculpture of medial mesoscutum in female: predominantly angular reticulate to rugulose. Color of pilosity of mesoscutum in female: predominantly light brown to brown. Notaulus in female: not delimited. Form of axillular carina in female: small, not particularly expanded or projected from the lateral edge of the mesoscutellum. Pilosity of propodeal nucha: absent. Pilosity of netrion: absent. Surface of mesopleural depression in female: sculptured throughout. Form of ventral margin of villus in female: straight. Color of coxae in female: brown. Color of hind femur: light brown throughout. Color of hind tibia: yellow throughout. Fore wing length in female: apex not reaching anterior margin of T5. Color of metasoma: light reddish brown. Sculpture of laterotergites in female: predominantly smooth. Pilosity of laterotergites in female: absent. Sculpture of medial T1 in female: most prominent elements predominantly longitudinal. Sculpture of medial T2 in female: most prominent elements predominantly longitudinal. Pattern of sculpture on T3-T5 in female:
<pageBreakToken pageId="51" pageNumber="52" start="start">T</pageBreakToken>
3 predominantly reticulate, T4-T5 predominantly longitudinally striate to strigose. Color of pilosity on lateral T3-T5 in female: more or less evenly split between white and brown. Lateral profile of T6 in female: more or less horizontal. Sculpture of T6 in female: predominantly longitudinally striate to strigose. Sculpture of lateral metasomal sternal bar in female: predominantly smooth to slightly irregularly rugose. Distribution of felt fields: 2 pairs present (S2, S3).
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="51" pageNumber="52">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="52" lastPageNumber="53" pageId="51" pageNumber="52">
Similar to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Scelio" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scelio balo" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balo">Scelio balo</taxonomicName>
which also has a long metasoma and fore wings not reaching T5. Differing from
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Scelio" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scelio balo" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="51" pageNumber="52" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balo">Scelio balo</taxonomicName>
by the straight ventral margin of the villus (com
<pageBreakToken pageId="52" pageNumber="53" start="start">pare</pageBreakToken>
Figs 118 and 160) and the white pilosity of the face (Fig. 119, compared with extent of brown pilosity in Fig. 161).
</paragraph>
<caption pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
Figures 115-120. 133
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Scelio" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scelio fremo" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fremo">Scelio fremo</taxonomicName>
sp. n., holotype female (OSUC 212795). 115 Habitus, dorsal view 116 Habitus, lateral view 117 Mesosoma, dorsal view 118 Head and mesosoma, lateral view 119 Head, anterior view 120 Metasoma, dorsal view. Scale bars in millimeters.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Derived from the Latin for roar, howl, grumble; the epithet is considered as a noun in apposition.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="link to distribution map">
<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Link to distribution map.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">http://hol.osu.edu/map-large.html?id=244969</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="material examined">
<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Holotype, female: GABON: Estuaire Prov., Citrus orchard, Ntoum, VII-1984, malaise trap, A. Pauly, OSUC 212795 (deposited in CNCI).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="52" pageNumber="53" type="comments">
<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">Comments.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="52" pageNumber="53">
The amount of pilosity on the anterior meso- and metapleuron (Fig. 118) is more than that seen in other Afrotropical howardi-group species. The mix of light and dark pilosity on the lateral portions T2 and T3 is also notable.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Scelio" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scelio fremo" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fremo">Scelio fremo</taxonomicName>
is only superficially similar to
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Scelio" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scelio balo" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balo">Scelio balo</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Scelio" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scelio balo" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balo">Scelio balo</taxonomicName>
appears to be more closely related to those species with brown pilosity on the pronotal shoulder than with
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Scelio" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scelio fremo" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fremo">Scelio fremo</taxonomicName>
shares the color pattern more typically seen in
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Scelionidae" genus="Scelio" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Scelio howardi" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="52" pageNumber="53" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="howardi">Scelio howardi</taxonomicName>
and its putative relatives.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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<taxonomicName id="85E879CF3AA234450956BC277D676F24" ID-CoL="5DTHD" LSID="AF4929F6-528B-5951-8853-42F6E8D90F43" authority="Pic, 1907" authorityName="Pic" authorityYear="1907" class="Insecta" family="Cerambycidae" genus="Ceresium" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Ceresium sinicum subsp. ornaticolle" order="Coleoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="118110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="sinicum" subSpecies="ornaticolle">Ceresium sinicum ornaticolle Pic, 1907</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph id="BF6EC7B1CE14F4C539FE8B91343E4334" pageId="0" pageNumber="118110">Notes</paragraph>
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<bibRefCitation id="9B5D6DC1BF6F5E19FAFE3F20C57AE3C5" author="Lin, M. Y." journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pageId="0" pageNumber="118110" pagination="79 - 161" refId="B10631502" refString="Lin, M. Y., Perissinotto, R., Clennell, L., 2021. Census of the longhorn beetles (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae and Vesperidae) of the Macau SAR, China. ZooKeys 1049: 79 - 161" title="Census of the longhorn beetles (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae and Vesperidae) of the Macau SAR, China" volume="1049" year="2021">Lin et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
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<mods:title id="77CCD4E6CA9DD02D2CE128C0011F1E09">Free-living Heterotrophic Flagellates Lakes in Turkey (Protista) from Two Hypersaline</mods:title>
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<subSubSection id="6FFA6563FF90033D806DE351FAF64879" box="[847,1333,272,299]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="275F36E8FF90033D806DE351FAF64879" blockId="3.[847,1333,272,334]" box="[847,1333,272,299]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">
<heading id="7C178184FF90033D806DE351FAF64879" box="[847,1333,272,299]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" reason="5">
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF90033D806DE351FAF64879" authority="Ruinen 1938" authorityName="Ruinen" authorityYear="1938" box="[847,1333,272,299]" family="Tulamoebidae" genus="Pleurostomum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Schizopyrenida" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" rank="species" species="flabellatum">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D806DE351FAF64879" bold="true" box="[847,1333,272,299]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D806DE351FB524879" bold="true" box="[847,1169,272,299]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Pleurostomum flabellatum</emphasis>
Ruinen 1938
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6FFA6563FF90033D806DE372FB024A32" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" type="description">
<paragraph id="275F36E8FF90033D806DE372FBC7481F" blockId="3.[847,1333,272,334]" box="[847,1028,307,334]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D806DE372FBC7481F" bold="true" box="[847,1028,307,334]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">
(
<figureCitation id="BFDB2A6DFF90033D8075E372FC77481C" box="[855,948,307,334]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[132,167,1414,1436]" captionTargetBox="[138,1456,236,1355]" captionTargetId="figure-7@4.[127,1465,223,1363]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. (a) Ancyromonas sigmoides, (b) Neobodo curvifilus, (c) Chelonemonas sp., (d) Carpediemonas membranifera, (e) Caecitellus parvulus, (f) Codosiga botrytis, (g) Cafeteria roenbergensis, (h) Pleurostomum flabellatum, (i) Rhynchomonas nasuta, (j) Salpingoeca marina, (k) Pendulomonas adriperis, (l) Neobodo saliens, (m) unidentified protist, (n) Neobodo designis, (o) Monosiga brevicollis, (p) Halocafeteria seosinensis, (q) Cantina marsupialis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10994590" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10994590/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Figs 2h</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="BFDB2A6DFF90033D80E3E372FC0C481F" box="[961,975,307,333]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[132,167,1688,1710]" captionTargetBox="[136,1474,223,1633]" captionTargetId="figure-6@6.[136,1474,223,1633]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 3. (a) Ancyromonas sigmoides, (b) Caecitellus parvulus, (c) Cafeteria roenbergensis, (d) Cantina marsupialis, (e) Chelonemonas sp., (f) Codosiga botrytis, (g) Carpediemonas membranifera, (h) Neobodo curvifilus, (i) Neobodo designis, (j) Neobodo saliens, (k) unidentified protist, (l)-(m) Pleurostomum flabellatum, (n) Rhyncomonas nasuta, (o) Monosiga brevicollis, (p) Salpingoeca marina, (q) Pendulomonas adriperis, (r) Halocafeteria seosinensis. All micrographs are DIC images. Scale bar in (k) represents for all figures." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10994592" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10994592/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">3</figureCitation>
l-m)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="275F36E8FF90033D806DE31FFB024A32" blockId="3.[809,1456,350,1945]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">
Cells are 1830 µm long, flattened, somewhat elongate and narrower posteriorly. The synchronously moving two flagella are 1.52 times the cell length and emerge apically beneath the rostrum. Because of the rostrum, flagella seemed to emerge subapically. Both flagella move in close contact with lamella. The cytos- tomal structure originates near the point of flagellar in- sertion and extends in a spiral to the posterior end of the cell. The extension of the cytostomal structure gives the cell its spiral shape. A vacuole is located posteriorly. The cells swim slowly by making spirals. Description based on observations of 16 cells. Occurance: every month with the exception of July and August at Meke Lake, temperature 021 °C, salinity 107.5215 psu, dissolved oxygen
<quantity id="E0189B0DFF90033D80DFE107FB634A32" box="[1021,1184,838,865]" metricMagnitude="-6" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="2.715" metricValueMax="5.18" metricValueMin="0.25" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" unit="mg" value="2.715" valueMax="5.18" valueMin="0.25">0.255.18 mg</quantity>
/L.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6FFA6563FF90033A806DE128FED24ECB" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="275F36E8FF90033D806DE128FBFB4F9A" blockId="3.[809,1456,350,1945]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D806DE128FC094AD1" bold="true" box="[847,970,873,899]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Remarks:</emphasis>
The genus
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF90033D8772E128FB394AD1" authorityName="Namyslowski" authorityYear="1913" box="[1104,1274,873,899]" family="Tulamoebidae" genus="Pleurostomum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D8772E128FB394AD1" box="[1104,1274,873,899]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Pleurostomum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
contains 5 species and is characterized by two parallel homodynamic subapically (and also apically in regard to former descriptions) emerging flagella and by its cytostomal groove. Generally, our observations are in accordance with the original description of Ruinen (1938) with respect to cell length and general appearance of the cell. The only difference is the point of flagellar inser- tion. According to Ruinen (1938) both flagella emerge apically, whereas in our cells the flagella emerged subapically.
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF90033D80E6E684FAC14D8D" authorityName="Ruinen" authorityYear="1938" box="[964,1282,1221,1247]" family="Tulamoebidae" genus="Pleurostomum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" rank="species" species="flabellatum">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D80E6E684FAC14D8D" box="[964,1282,1221,1247]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Pleurostomum flabellatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF90033D800BE6A8FC6B4C50" authorityName="Namyslowski" authorityYear="1913" box="[809,936,1256,1282]" family="Tulamoebidae" genus="Pleurostomum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" rank="species" species="salinum">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D800BE6A8FC6B4C50" box="[809,936,1256,1282]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">P. salinum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which was reported with the cell length of 2022 µm and with a cytostomal groove extending 2/3 of the cell (
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF90033D80C2E76FFB0A4C1A" author="Namyslowski B." box="[992,1225,1326,1352]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" pagination="85 - 104" refId="ref10631" refString="Namyslowski B. (1913) Uber unbekannte halophile mikroorganismen aus dem innern des salzbergwerkes Wieliczka. Bulletin International Acedemy Sciences Krakow. Series B, ¾: 85 - 104." type="book chapter" year="1913">Namyslowski 1913</bibRefCitation>
, Ruinen 1938), but can be distinguished because the cytostomal groove of
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF90033D800BE734FC094CDC" authorityName="Ruinen" authorityYear="1938" box="[809,970,1396,1422]" family="Tulamoebidae" genus="Pleurostomum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" rank="species" species="flabellatum">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D800BE734FC094CDC" box="[809,970,1396,1422]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">P. flabellatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
extends almost to the end of the cell and is relatively longer. The cells of
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D8793E7D7FCAF4C81" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF90033D8793E7D7FA984CE2" authorityName="Namyslowski" authorityYear="1913" box="[1201,1371,1430,1456]" family="Tulamoebidae" genus="Pleurostomum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" rank="genus">Pleurostomum</taxonomicName>
flabel- latum
</emphasis>
reported by
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF90033D872EE7FBFABA4C86" author="Patterson D. J. &amp; Simpson A. G." box="[1036,1401,1465,1492]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" pagination="423 - 448" refId="ref11299" refString="Patterson D. J., Simpson A. G. (1996) Heterotrophic flagellates from coastal marine and hypersaline sediments in Western Australia. Eur. J. Protistol. 32: 423 - 448." type="journal article" year="1996">Patterson and Simpson (1996)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF90033D800BE79DFBC04CA4" author="Park J. S. &amp; Simpson A. G. B. &amp; Lee W. J. &amp; Cho B. C." box="[809,1027,1500,1527]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" pagination="397 - 413" refId="ref11117" refString="Park J. S., Simpson A. G. B., Lee W. J., Cho B. C. (2007) Ultrastructure and phylogenetic placement within Heterolobosea of the previously unclassified, extremely halophilic heterotrophic flagellate. Pleurostomum flabellatum (Ruinen 1938). Protist 158: 397 - 413." type="journal article" year="2007">Park et al. (2007)</bibRefCitation>
are smaller than the original cells (1630 µm) of Ruinen (1938) and the cells (1830 µm) observed here: Patterson and Simpson, 1114 µm; Park et al., 1014 µm. Their cells resemble
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF90033D87DFE407FC284FD0" authority="Namyslowski 1913" authorityName="Namyslowski" authorityYear="1913" family="Tulamoebidae" genus="Pleurostomum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" rank="species" species="salinum">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D87DFE407FABA4F0D" box="[1277,1401,1605,1631]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">P. salinum</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF90033D86A1E404FC284FD0" author="Namyslowski B." pageId="3" pageNumber="88" pagination="85 - 104" refId="ref10631" refString="Namyslowski B. (1913) Uber unbekannte halophile mikroorganismen aus dem innern des salzbergwerkes Wieliczka. Bulletin International Acedemy Sciences Krakow. Series B, ¾: 85 - 104." type="book chapter" year="1913">Namyslowski 1913</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
because of the cell length and general appearance. Further studies are required to establish the identities of these taxa.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="275F36E8FF90033A806DE491FED24ECB" blockId="3.[809,1456,350,1945]" lastBlockId="4.[132,779,1624,1945]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF90033D806DE491FBDE4FB8" author="Park J. S. &amp; Simpson A. G. &amp; Brown S. &amp; Cho B. C." box="[847,1053,1744,1771]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" pagination="265 - 283" refId="ref10921" refString="Park J. S., Simpson A. G., Brown S., Cho B. C. (2009) Ultrastructure and molecular phylogeny of two heterolobosean amoebae, Euplaesiobystra hypersalinica gen. et sp. nov. and Tulamoeba peronaphora gen. et sp. nov., isolated from an extremely hypersaline habitat. Protist 160: 265 - 283." type="journal article" year="2009">Park et al. (2009)</bibRefCitation>
reported a new amoeboid species
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF90033D800BE4B2FB884E5F" box="[809,1099,1779,1805]" genus="Tulamoeba" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Schizopyrenida" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" phylum="Amoebozoa" rank="species" species="peronaphora">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D800BE4B2FB884E5F" box="[809,1099,1779,1805]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Tulamoeba peronaphora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a close relative of
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF90033D8616E4B2FC324E62" authorityName="Ruinen" authorityYear="1938" family="Tulamoebidae" genus="Pleurostomum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" rank="species" species="flabellatum">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D8616E4B2FC324E62" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Pleurostomum flabellatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the 18S rRNA gene tree, but can be easily distinguished because of their morphology and because
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF90033D80E9E51DFB304E24" box="[971,1267,1884,1910]" genus="Tulamoeba" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Schizopyrenida" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" phylum="Amoebozoa" rank="species" species="peronaphora">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D80E9E51DFB304E24" box="[971,1267,1884,1910]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Tulamoeba peronaphora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
does not have a flagellated stage.
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF90033D8730E53FFA894ECA" authorityName="Ruinen" authorityYear="1938" box="[1042,1354,1918,1944]" family="Tulamoebidae" genus="Pleurostomum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" rank="species" species="flabellatum">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D8730E53FFA894ECA" box="[1042,1354,1918,1944]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Pleurostomum flabellatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF90033A86AAE53EFDD24F20" authority="Kirby et al. 2014" authorityName="Kirby" authorityYear="2014" genus="Tulamoeba" kingdom="Protozoa" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="89" order="Schizopyrenida" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" phylum="Amoebozoa" rank="species" species="bucina">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033A86AAE53EFE834F20" italics="true" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="89" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Tulamoeba bucina</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF97033A8265E419FDD24F20" author="Kirby W. A. &amp; Tikhonenkov D. V. &amp; Mylnikov A. P. &amp; Janouskovec J. &amp; Lax G. &amp; Simpson A. G." box="[327,529,1624,1650]" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" pagination="227 - 238" refId="ref9912" refString="Kirby W. A., Tikhonenkov D. V., Mylnikov A. P., Janouskovec J., Lax G., Simpson A. G. (2014) Characterization of Tulamoeba bucina n. sp., an Extremely Halotolerant Amoeboflagellate Het- erolobosean Belonging to the Tulamoeba - Pleurostomum Clade (Tulamoebidae n. fam.). J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 62: 227 - 238." type="journal article" year="2014">Kirby et al. 2014</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
s flagellated stage re- semble each other, but can be distinguished by the paths of their cytostome:
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF97033A8252E4E3FDD04FE9" authorityName="Ruinen" authorityYear="1938" box="[368,531,1697,1723]" family="Tulamoebidae" genus="Pleurostomum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" rank="species" species="flabellatum">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF97033A8252E4E3FDD04FE9" box="[368,531,1697,1723]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">P. flabellatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a cytostome extending along the body spirally and
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF97033A810FE486FD594FB2" box="[557,666,1734,1760]" genus="Tulamoeba" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Schizopyrenida" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" phylum="Amoebozoa" rank="species" species="bucina">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF97033A810FE486FD594FB2" box="[557,666,1734,1760]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">T. bucina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a cytostome curling around the lateral axis.
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF97033A8143E4AAFECB4E78" authorityName="Ruinen" authorityYear="1938" family="Tulamoebidae" genus="Pleurostomum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" rank="species" species="flabellatum">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF97033A8143E4AAFECB4E78" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">Pleurostomum flabellatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been reported from hyposaline habitats in
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,
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,
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and
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF97033A8123E574FD914E1D" box="[513,594,1845,1871]" name="Poland" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">Poland</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF97033A8145E574FF024E26" author="Namyslowski B." pageId="4" pageNumber="89" pagination="85 - 104" refId="ref10631" refString="Namyslowski B. (1913) Uber unbekannte halophile mikroorganismen aus dem innern des salzbergwerkes Wieliczka. Bulletin International Acedemy Sciences Krakow. Series B, ¾: 85 - 104." type="book chapter" year="1913">Namyslowski 1913</bibRefCitation>
, Ruinen 1938,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF97033A8257E51AFD0B4E26" author="Patterson D. J. &amp; Simpson A. G." box="[373,712,1882,1909]" pageId="4" pageNumber="89" pagination="423 - 448" refId="ref11299" refString="Patterson D. J., Simpson A. G. (1996) Heterotrophic flagellates from coastal marine and hypersaline sediments in Western Australia. Eur. J. Protistol. 32: 423 - 448." type="journal article" year="1996">Patterson and Simpson 1996</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF97033A81F7E51BFEC64ECB" author="Park J. S. &amp; Simpson A. G. B. &amp; Lee W. J. &amp; Cho B. C." pageId="4" pageNumber="89" pagination="397 - 413" refId="ref11117" refString="Park J. S., Simpson A. G. B., Lee W. J., Cho B. C. (2007) Ultrastructure and phylogenetic placement within Heterolobosea of the previously unclassified, extremely halophilic heterotrophic flagellate. Pleurostomum flabellatum (Ruinen 1938). Protist 158: 397 - 413." type="journal article" year="2007">Park et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
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<paragraph id="275F36E8FF90033D8381E0ADFD454A54" blockId="3.[163,646,748,808]" box="[163,646,748,775]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">
<heading id="7C178184FF90033D8381E0ADFD454A54" box="[163,646,748,775]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" reason="5">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D8381E0ADFD454A54" bold="true" box="[163,646,748,775]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF90033D8381E0ADFE2E4A54" authority="James" authorityName="James" box="[163,493,748,775]" class="Choanoflagellatea" family="Salpingoecidae" genus="Salpingoeca" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Choanoflagellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" phylum="Choanozoa" rank="species" species="marina">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D8381E0ADFE554A54" bold="true" box="[163,406,748,775]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Salpingoeca marina</emphasis>
James
</taxonomicName>
Clark 1867
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6FFA6563FF90033D8381E14FFE5D4DF4" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" type="description">
<paragraph id="275F36E8FF90033D8381E14FFEFB4A7A" blockId="3.[163,646,748,808]" box="[163,312,782,808]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D8381E14FFEFB4A7A" bold="true" box="[163,312,782,808]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">
(
<figureCitation id="BFDB2A6DFF90033D8388E14FFEC14A7A" box="[170,258,782,808]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[132,167,1414,1436]" captionTargetBox="[138,1456,236,1355]" captionTargetId="figure-7@4.[127,1465,223,1363]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. (a) Ancyromonas sigmoides, (b) Neobodo curvifilus, (c) Chelonemonas sp., (d) Carpediemonas membranifera, (e) Caecitellus parvulus, (f) Codosiga botrytis, (g) Cafeteria roenbergensis, (h) Pleurostomum flabellatum, (i) Rhynchomonas nasuta, (j) Salpingoeca marina, (k) Pendulomonas adriperis, (l) Neobodo saliens, (m) unidentified protist, (n) Neobodo designis, (o) Monosiga brevicollis, (p) Halocafeteria seosinensis, (q) Cantina marsupialis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10994590" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10994590/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Figs 2j</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="BFDB2A6DFF90033D822DE14FFEEC4A7A" box="[271,303,782,808]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[132,167,1688,1710]" captionTargetBox="[136,1474,223,1633]" captionTargetId="figure-6@6.[136,1474,223,1633]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 3. (a) Ancyromonas sigmoides, (b) Caecitellus parvulus, (c) Cafeteria roenbergensis, (d) Cantina marsupialis, (e) Chelonemonas sp., (f) Codosiga botrytis, (g) Carpediemonas membranifera, (h) Neobodo curvifilus, (i) Neobodo designis, (j) Neobodo saliens, (k) unidentified protist, (l)-(m) Pleurostomum flabellatum, (n) Rhyncomonas nasuta, (o) Monosiga brevicollis, (p) Salpingoeca marina, (q) Pendulomonas adriperis, (r) Halocafeteria seosinensis. All micrographs are DIC images. Scale bar in (k) represents for all figures." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10994592" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10994592/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">3p</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="275F36E8FF90033D8381E179FE5D4DF4" blockId="3.[125,771,824,1803]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">
Cells are 57 μm long with a pedicel, which is about 1.5 times the cell length. The thin lorica is ovoid and slightly pointed at the posterior end which is connected to the pedicel, and has a short neck at the anterior end. Cells are filling out the posterior part of the lorica. The thickened flagellum is 11.5 times the cell length and is surrounded by the pseudopodial tentacles. The lorica attaches to the substrate by the pedicel. Observations based on 19 cells. Occurance: every month at
<collectingRegion id="E524F80AFF90033D81B2E609FD794D30" box="[656,698,1096,1122]" country="Japan" name="Aichi" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Acı</collectingRegion>
Lake, temperature 123.5 °C, salinity 2467.5 psu, dissolved oxygen
<quantity id="E0189B0DFF90033D83F8E6CDFEBD4DF4" box="[218,382,1164,1191]" metricMagnitude="-6" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="8.475" metricValueMax="13.2" metricValueMin="3.75" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" unit="mg" value="8.475" valueMax="13.2" valueMin="3.75">3.7513.2 mg</quantity>
/L.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6FFA6563FF90033D8380E6EFFF3F4E59" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="275F36E8FF90033D8380E6EFFF3F4E59" blockId="3.[125,771,824,1803]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D8380E6EFFEDD4D9A" bold="true" box="[162,286,1198,1224]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Remarks:</emphasis>
The genus
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF90033D828FE6EFFDFD4D9A" authorityName="H. J. Clark" authorityYear="1866" box="[429,574,1198,1224]" class="Choanoflagellatea" family="Salpingoecidae" genus="Salpingoeca" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Choanoflagellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" phylum="Choanozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D828FE6EFFDFD4D9A" box="[429,574,1198,1224]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Salpingoeca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from the other loricated flagellates by having a single theca, which comprises only of the cell, lacking silicified cos- tae, by being closed at posterior end, by being sedentary and by not forming colonies (Trondsen 1974,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF90033D81B4E777FEF64C20" author="Thomsen H. A. &amp; Buck K. R." pageId="3" pageNumber="88" pagination="259 - 284" refId="ref11863" refString="Thomsen H. A., Buck K. R. (1991) Choanoflagellate diversity with particular emphasis on the Acanthoecidae. In: Biology of Free-living Heterotrophic Flagellates, (D. J. Patterson, J. Larsen), 45: 259 - 284." type="journal article" year="1991">Thomsen and Buck 1991</bibRefCitation>
). Species of the genus is discriminated according to the morphology of theca (
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF90033D8141E73BFD344CC6" author="Vors N." box="[611,759,1402,1428]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" pagination="1 - 109" refId="ref12434" refString="Vors N. (1992 a) Heterotrophic amoebae, flagellates and heliozoa from the Tvarminne area, Gulf of Finland, in 1988 - 1990. Ophelia 36: 1 - 109." type="journal article" year="1992">Vørs 1992a</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF90033D835FE7DDFEAC4CE4" box="[125,367,1436,1462]" class="Choanoflagellatea" family="Salpingoecidae" genus="Salpingoeca" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Choanoflagellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" phylum="Choanozoa" rank="species" species="marina">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D835FE7DDFEAC4CE4" box="[125,367,1436,1462]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Salpingoeca marina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is very similar to
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF90033D817CE7DCFCC04CE4" authorityName="Kent" authorityYear="1880" box="[606,771,1436,1463]" class="Choanoflagellatea" family="Salpingoecidae" genus="Salpingoeca" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Choanoflagellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" phylum="Choanozoa" rank="species" species="infusionum">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D817CE7DCFCC04CE4" box="[606,771,1436,1463]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">S. infusionum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Kent 1880, but it is distinguished by the stiffness of the lorica and because the lorica of
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF90033D811DE7A0FD204CA8" authorityName="Kent" authorityYear="1880" box="[575,739,1504,1531]" class="Choanoflagellatea" family="Salpingoecidae" genus="Salpingoeca" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Choanoflagellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" phylum="Choanozoa" rank="species" species="infusionum">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D811DE7A0FD204CA8" box="[575,739,1504,1531]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">S. infusionum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is slightly wider anteriorly than that of
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF90033D811CE442FF114F6C" authority="(Tong 1997 a)" baseAuthorityName="Tong" baseAuthorityYear="1997" class="Choanoflagellatea" family="Salpingoecidae" genus="Salpingoeca" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Choanoflagellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" phylum="Choanozoa" rank="species" species="marina">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D811CE442FD704F4E" box="[574,691,1539,1565]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">S. marina</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF90033D81E7E443FF0A4F6C" author="Tong S. M." pageId="3" pageNumber="88" pagination="929 - 958" refId="ref12153" refString="Tong S. M. (1997 a) Choanoflagellates in Southampton Water, in- cluding the description of three new species. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U. K. 77: 929 - 958." type="journal article" year="1997">Tong 1997a</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF90033D83C2E465FE124F6C" baseAuthorityName="Tong" baseAuthorityYear="1997" box="[224,465,1572,1598]" class="Choanoflagellatea" family="Salpingoecidae" genus="Salpingoeca" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Choanoflagellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" phylum="Choanozoa" rank="species" species="marina">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D83C2E465FE124F6C" box="[224,465,1572,1598]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Salpingoeca marina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is reported from
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF90033D818BE465FF694F32" name="Antarctica" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Antarctica</collectingCountry>
, North Atlantic, subtropical
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF90033D8135E407FD454F32" box="[535,646,1606,1632]" name="Australia" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Australia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF90033D81B8E407FD3C4F32" box="[666,767,1606,1632]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">England</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF90033D835FE429FF2E4FD0" box="[125,237,1640,1666]" name="Denmark" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Denmark</collectingCountry>
, Gulf of
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF90033D8240E429FE7C4FD0" box="[354,447,1640,1666]" name="Finland" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Finland</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF90033D82EDE428FDE14FD1" box="[463,546,1641,1667]" name="France" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">France</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF90033D8110E429FD634FD0" box="[562,672,1640,1666]" name="Germany" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Germany</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF90033D818DE429FCC04FD0" box="[687,771,1640,1666]" name="Turkey" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Turkey</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF90033D838CE4CBFF244FF6" box="[174,231,1674,1700]" name="United States of America" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">USA</collectingCountry>
(James-Clark 1867,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF90033D82FBE4CBFD6A4FF6" author="Griessmann K." box="[473,681,1674,1700]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" pagination="1 - 78" refId="ref9257" refString="Griessmann K. (1913) Uber marine flagellaten. Arch. Protistenkd. 32: 1 - 78." type="journal article" year="1913">Griessmann 1913</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF90033D8196E4CBFF794F94" author="Wailes G. H." pageId="3" pageNumber="88" pagination="25 - 30" refId="ref12602" refString="Wailes G. H. (1929) Fresh-water and marine protozoa from British Columbia with descriptions of new species. Museum notes Vancouver 3: 25 - 30" type="journal article" year="1929">Wailes 1929</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF90033D83EAE4EDFEC54F94" author="Wailes G. H." box="[200,262,1708,1734]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" pagination="1 - 45" refId="ref12631" refString="Wailes G. H. (1939) Canadian Pacific Fauna Protozoa: Mastigopho- ra. Canadian Pacific Fauna. 1: 1 - 45" type="journal article" year="1939">1939</bibRefCitation>
; Ruinen 1938;
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF90033D829FE4ECFD8A4F94" author="Vors N." box="[445,585,1708,1735]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" pagination="1 - 109" refId="ref12434" refString="Vors N. (1992 a) Heterotrophic amoebae, flagellates and heliozoa from the Tvarminne area, Gulf of Finland, in 1988 - 1990. Ophelia 36: 1 - 109." type="journal article" year="1992">Vørs 1992a</bibRefCitation>
, b;
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF90033D8155E4ECFF214FBA" author="Patterson D. J. &amp; Nygaard K. &amp; Steinberg G. &amp; Turley C. M." pageId="3" pageNumber="88" pagination="67 - 95" refId="ref11175" refString="Patterson D. J., Nygaard K., Steinberg G., Turley C. M. (1993) Heterotrophic flagellates and other protists associated with oceanic detritus throughout the water column in the Mid North Atlantic. J. Mar. Biolog. Assoc. U. K. 73: 67 - 95." type="journal article" year="1993">Patterson et al. 1993</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF90033D83D2E48EFE434FBA" author="Tong S. M." box="[240,384,1742,1769]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" pagination="929 - 958" refId="ref12153" refString="Tong S. M. (1997 a) Choanoflagellates in Southampton Water, in- cluding the description of three new species. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U. K. 77: 929 - 958." type="journal article" year="1997">Tong 1997a</bibRefCitation>
, b;
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF90033D8292E48EFDB94FBA" author="Tong S. M. &amp; Nygaard K. &amp; Bernard C. &amp; Vors N. &amp; Patterson D. J." box="[432,634,1742,1769]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" pagination="162 - 194" refId="ref12260" refString="Tong S. M., Nygaard K., Bernard C., Vors N., Patterson D. J. (1998) Heterotrophic flagellates from the water column in Port Jack- son, Sydney, Australia. Eur. J. Protistol. 34: 162 - 194." type="journal article" year="1998">Tong et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF90033D81AAE48FFF334E59" author="Aydin E. E. &amp; Lee W. J." pageId="3" pageNumber="88" pagination="119 - 137" refId="ref8450" refString="Aydin E. E., Lee W. J. (2012) Free-living heterotrophic flagellates from intertidal sediments of Saros Bay, Aegean Sea (Turkey). Acta Protozool. 51: 119 - 137." type="journal article" year="2012">Aydın and Lee 2012</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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View file

@ -0,0 +1,135 @@
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<mods:namePart id="3CAE779187B3D124D4FFFCB1E7F89999">Aydin, Esra Elif</mods:namePart>
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<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF91033C8074E70AFB344C37" authority="Ruinen 1938" authorityName="Ruinen" authorityYear="1938" box="[854,1271,1354,1381]" class="Choanoflagellatea" family="Codosigidae" genus="Monosiga" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Choanoflagellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" phylum="Choanozoa" rank="species" species="brevicollis">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF91033C8074E70AFB914C37" bold="true" box="[854,1106,1354,1381]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Monosiga brevicollis</emphasis>
Ruinen 1938
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(
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,
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)
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Cells are 46 µm long and spherical in the resting state. Swimming cells are more ovoid with a sharpened posterior end and a spread out collar. The collar is about 0.5 times the cell length, while the flagellum is 45 times the cell length. The cytoplasm is fine-grained to hyaline and contains strongly retractile grains with a vacuole lying in the posterior part of the cell. Description based on the observations of 16 cells. Occurance: every month with the exception of July and August at Meke Lake, temperature 021 °C, salinity 107.5 215 psu, dissolved oxygen
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/L.
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<subSubSection id="6FFA6563FF91033D8074E4B4FD2E4B87" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="88" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" type="discussion">
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<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF91033C8074E4B4FC114E5D" bold="true" box="[854,978,1781,1807]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Remarks:</emphasis>
As mentioned before by
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF91033C860AE4B7FC424E60" author="Tong S. M. &amp; Vors N. &amp; Patterson D. J." pageId="2" pageNumber="87" pagination="91 - 106" refId="ref12313" refString="Tong S. M., Vors N., Patterson D. J. (1997) Heterotrophic flagel- lates, centrohelid heliozoa and filose amoebae from marine and freshwater sites in the Antarctic. Polar Biol. 18: 91 - 106." type="journal article" year="1997">Tong et al. (1997)</bibRefCitation>
, the species identities of this genus are not clear. Their shapes and lengths may change according to swimming or resting states (
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF91033C87A0E51CFA884E25" author="Tong S. M. &amp; Vors N. &amp; Patterson D. J." box="[1154,1355,1884,1911]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" pagination="91 - 106" refId="ref12313" refString="Tong S. M., Vors N., Patterson D. J. (1997) Heterotrophic flagel- lates, centrohelid heliozoa and filose amoebae from marine and freshwater sites in the Antarctic. Polar Biol. 18: 91 - 106." type="journal article" year="1997">Tong et al. 1997</bibRefCitation>
). In general, our observations are in agreement with the original description of Ruinen (1938). Four species, of three by Ruinen (1938) and one by
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF90033D82CBE343FD7F4849" author="Post F. J. &amp; Borowitzka L. J. &amp; Borowitzka M. A. &amp; Mackay B. &amp; Moulton T." box="[489,700,257,284]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" pagination="95 - 113" refId="ref11375" refString="Post F. J., Borowitzka L. J., Borowitzka M. A., Mackay B., Moulton T. (1983) The Protozoa of a Western Australian hypersaline lagoon. Hydrobiologia 105: 95 - 113." type="journal article" year="1983">Post et al. (1983)</bibRefCitation>
, were reported from hypersaline environments: i)
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF90033D81ACE365FED2480D" class="Choanoflagellatea" family="Codosigidae" genus="Monosiga" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Choanoflagellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" phylum="Choanozoa" rank="species" species="consociatum">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D81ACE365FED2480D" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Monosiga consociatum</emphasis>
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Kent, ii)
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF90033D82AAE307FE31480D" authorityName="Kent" authorityYear="1880" box="[392,498,326,351]" class="Choanoflagellatea" family="Codosigidae" genus="Monosiga" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Choanoflagellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" phylum="Choanozoa" rank="species" species="ovata">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D82AAE307FE31480D" box="[392,498,326,351]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">M. ovata</emphasis>
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Kent, iii)
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF90033D8153E307FF3A48D3" authority="Ruinen" authorityName="Ruinen" authorityYear="1938" class="Choanoflagellatea" family="Codosigidae" genus="Monosiga" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Choanoflagellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" phylum="Choanozoa" rank="species" species="brevicollis">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D8153E307FF5A48D3" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">M. brevicollis</emphasis>
Ruinen
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, and iv)
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF90033D8240E329FDC148D0" box="[354,514,360,386]" class="Choanoflagellatea" family="Codosigidae" genus="Monosiga" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Choanoflagellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" phylum="Choanozoa" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D8240E329FE1448D3" box="[354,471,360,385]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Monosiga</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF90033D8128E329FCC048D3" authorityName="Ruinen" authorityYear="1938" box="[522,771,359,385]" class="Choanoflagellatea" family="Codosigidae" genus="Monosiga" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Choanoflagellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" phylum="Choanozoa" rank="species" species="brevicollis">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D8128E329FCC048D3" box="[522,771,359,385]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Monosiga brevicollis</emphasis>
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differs from
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF90033D822DE3CBFE0948F1" box="[271,458,394,419]" class="Choanoflagellatea" family="Codosigidae" genus="Monosiga" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Choanoflagellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" phylum="Choanozoa" rank="species" species="consociatum">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D822DE3CBFE0948F1" box="[271,458,394,419]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">M. consociatum</emphasis>
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with its unique cell shape, short collars and more or less shorter flagellum. The extension of the collar is wider at
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF90033D813BE38FFD7D48B5" authorityName="Ruinen" authorityYear="1938" box="[537,702,461,487]" class="Choanoflagellatea" family="Codosigidae" genus="Monosiga" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Choanoflagellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" phylum="Choanozoa" rank="species" species="brevicollis">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D813BE38FFD7D48B5" box="[537,702,461,487]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">M. brevicollis</emphasis>
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compared to
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF90033D83C4E3B1FE614B5B" box="[230,418,496,521]" class="Choanoflagellatea" family="Codosigidae" genus="Monosiga" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Choanoflagellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" phylum="Choanozoa" rank="species" species="consociatum">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D83C4E3B1FE614B5B" box="[230,418,496,521]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">M. consociatum</emphasis>
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.
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF90033D8290E3B1FD684B5B" authorityName="Ruinen" authorityYear="1938" box="[434,683,495,521]" class="Choanoflagellatea" family="Codosigidae" genus="Monosiga" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Choanoflagellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" phylum="Choanozoa" rank="species" species="brevicollis">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D8290E3B1FD684B5B" box="[434,683,495,521]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Monosiga brevicollis</emphasis>
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resembles
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF90033D8395E053FEE14B79" authorityName="Kent" authorityYear="1880" box="[183,290,530,555]" class="Choanoflagellatea" family="Codosigidae" genus="Monosiga" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Choanoflagellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" phylum="Choanozoa" rank="species" species="ovata">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D8395E053FEE14B79" box="[183,290,530,555]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">M. ovata</emphasis>
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in general cell shape, but the length of flagellum and the collar are quite different. The collar is shorter and the flagellum is longer than that of
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D81BAE017FF054BC3" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">M. brevicollis</emphasis>
(
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).
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF90033D829EE039FD7B4BC3" authorityName="Ruinen" authorityYear="1938" box="[444,696,631,657]" class="Choanoflagellatea" family="Codosigidae" genus="Monosiga" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Choanoflagellida" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" phylum="Choanozoa" rank="species" species="brevicollis">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF90033D829EE039FD7B4BC3" box="[444,696,631,657]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Monosiga brevicollis</emphasis>
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is reported from
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF90033D822DE0D8FEB14BE1" box="[271,370,665,691]" name="Portugal" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Portugal</collectingCountry>
to
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF90033D82B5E0D8FE104BE1" box="[407,467,665,691]" name="India" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">India</collectingCountry>
(Ruinen 1938), as well as eastern and south-eastern
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF90033D828FE0FDFDC84B84" box="[429,523,700,726]" name="Norway" pageId="3" pageNumber="88">Norway</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF90033D8138E0FAFD234B87" author="Throndsen J." box="[538,736,699,725]" pageId="3" pageNumber="88" pagination="95 - 122" refId="ref11935" refString="Throndsen J. (1974) Planktonic choanoflagellates from North At- lantic waters. Sarsia 56: 95 - 122." type="journal article" year="1974">Throndsen 1974</bibRefCitation>
).
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<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF92033F806DE476FAC04F00" authority="(Ehrenberg 1838)" baseAuthorityName="Ehrenberg" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[847,1283,1591,1618]" class="Choanoflagellatea" family="Codosigidae" genus="Codosiga" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Choanoflagellida" pageId="1" pageNumber="86" phylum="Choanozoa" rank="species" species="botrytis">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF92033F806DE476FBE34F00" bold="true" box="[847,1056,1591,1618]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="86">Codosiga botrytis</emphasis>
(Ehrenberg 1838)
</taxonomicName>
<collectingRegion id="E524F80AFF92033F8629E479FA8A4F00" box="[1291,1353,1592,1618]" country="United Kingdom" name="Kent" pageId="1" pageNumber="86">Kent</collectingRegion>
1880
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6FFA6563FF92033F806DE41AFA464ECB" pageId="1" pageNumber="86" type="description">
<paragraph id="275F36E8FF92033F806DE41AFC1E4F27" blockId="1.[847,1419,1591,1653]" box="[847,989,1627,1653]" pageId="1" pageNumber="86">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF92033F806DE41AFC1E4F27" bold="true" box="[847,989,1627,1653]" pageId="1" pageNumber="86">
(
<figureCitation id="BFDB2A6DFF92033F8075E41AFC6D4F27" box="[855,942,1627,1653]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[132,167,1414,1436]" captionTargetBox="[138,1456,236,1355]" captionTargetId="figure-7@4.[127,1465,223,1363]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. (a) Ancyromonas sigmoides, (b) Neobodo curvifilus, (c) Chelonemonas sp., (d) Carpediemonas membranifera, (e) Caecitellus parvulus, (f) Codosiga botrytis, (g) Cafeteria roenbergensis, (h) Pleurostomum flabellatum, (i) Rhynchomonas nasuta, (j) Salpingoeca marina, (k) Pendulomonas adriperis, (l) Neobodo saliens, (m) unidentified protist, (n) Neobodo designis, (o) Monosiga brevicollis, (p) Halocafeteria seosinensis, (q) Cantina marsupialis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10994590" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10994590/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="86">Figs 2f</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="BFDB2A6DFF92033F8099E41AFC164F27" box="[955,981,1627,1653]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[132,167,1688,1710]" captionTargetBox="[136,1474,223,1633]" captionTargetId="figure-6@6.[136,1474,223,1633]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 3. (a) Ancyromonas sigmoides, (b) Caecitellus parvulus, (c) Cafeteria roenbergensis, (d) Cantina marsupialis, (e) Chelonemonas sp., (f) Codosiga botrytis, (g) Carpediemonas membranifera, (h) Neobodo curvifilus, (i) Neobodo designis, (j) Neobodo saliens, (k) unidentified protist, (l)-(m) Pleurostomum flabellatum, (n) Rhyncomonas nasuta, (o) Monosiga brevicollis, (p) Salpingoeca marina, (q) Pendulomonas adriperis, (r) Halocafeteria seosinensis. All micrographs are DIC images. Scale bar in (k) represents for all figures." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10994592" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10994592/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="86">3f</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="275F36E8FF92033F806DE4C7FA464ECB" blockId="1.[809,1456,1670,1946]" pageId="1" pageNumber="86">
Cells are 5.56 μm long and ovoid with a short collar and a long stalk. The pseudopodia are symmetrical and longer than the cell. The thickened flagellum is 22.5 times the cell length and acronematic. The cells may attach to the substrate by the stalk and swim. Observations based on 3 colonies with 12 cells. Occurance: every month at
<collectingRegion id="E524F80AFF92033F80FFE51DFBC44E24" box="[989,1031,1884,1910]" country="Japan" name="Aichi" pageId="1" pageNumber="86">Acı</collectingRegion>
Lake, temperature 123.5 °C, salin- ity 2467.5 psu, dissolved oxygen
<quantity id="E0189B0DFF92033F87E3E53EFAA64ECB" box="[1217,1381,1919,1946]" metricMagnitude="-6" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="8.475" metricValueMax="13.2" metricValueMin="3.75" pageId="1" pageNumber="86" unit="mg" value="8.475" valueMax="13.2" valueMin="3.75">3.7513.2 mg</quantity>
/L.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="739F6660FF91033C83A6E69BFE424DA2" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10994588" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10994588" box="[132,385,1242,1264]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10994588/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" startId="2.[132,167,1242,1264]" targetBox="[134,1461,255,1208]" targetPageId="2" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="275F36E8FF91033C83A6E69BFE424DA2" blockId="2.[132,385,1242,1264]" box="[132,385,1242,1264]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF91033C83A6E69BFF074DBD" bold="true" box="[132,196,1242,1264]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Fig. 1.</emphasis>
Map of study sites.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="6FFA6563FF91033C8388E70AFF394EC8" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="275F36E8FF91033C8388E70AFF394EC8" blockId="2.[132,779,1355,1946]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF91033C8388E70AFEE54C37" bold="true" box="[170,294,1355,1381]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Remarks:</emphasis>
Choanoflagellates have been revised based on the molecular phylogenetic studies (
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF91033C81B4E72FFF014CFE" author="Carr M. &amp; Leadbeater B. S. &amp; Hassan R. &amp; Nelson M. &amp; Baldauf S. L." pageId="2" pageNumber="87" pagination="16641 - 16646" refId="ref8706" refString="Carr M., Leadbeater B. S., Hassan R., Nelson M., Baldauf S. L. (2008) Molecular phylogeny of choanoflagellates, the sister group to Metazoa. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 105: 16641 - 16646." type="journal article" year="2008">Carr et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF91033C83EDE7D0FE774CFE" author="Nitsche F. &amp; Carr M. &amp; Leadbeater B. S." box="[207,436,1425,1452]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" pagination="452 - 462" refId="ref10663" refString="Nitsche F., Carr M., Arndt H., Leadbeater B. S. (2011) Higher level taxonomy and molecular phylogenetics of the Choanoflagel- latea. J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 58: 452 - 462." type="journal article" year="2011">Nitsche et al. 2011</bibRefCitation>
). The genera of
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF91033C815AE7D0FCC84CF9" box="[632,779,1425,1451]" class="Choanoflagellatea" family="Codosigidae" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Choanoflagellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" phylum="Choanozoa" rank="family">Codosigidae</taxonomicName>
were placed under
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF91033C8245E7F4FF164CA0" authority="sensu Nitsche et al. (2011)" authorityName="Nitsche" authorityYear="2011" class="Choanoflagellatea" family="Salpingoecidae" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Choanoflagellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" phylum="Choanozoa" rank="family">
Salpingoecidae
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF91033C8101E7F4FDA74C9C" box="[547,612,1461,1486]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">sensu</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF91033C814CE7F4FF164CA0" author="Nitsche F. &amp; Carr M. &amp; Leadbeater B. S." pageId="2" pageNumber="87" pagination="452 - 462" refId="ref10663" refString="Nitsche F., Carr M., Arndt H., Leadbeater B. S. (2011) Higher level taxonomy and molecular phylogenetics of the Choanoflagel- latea. J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 58: 452 - 462." type="journal article" year="2011">Nitsche et al. (2011)</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
. Generally, the observations are in accordance with those of
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF91033C8205E7BAFE1D4F44" author="Hibberd D. J." box="[295,478,1531,1558]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" pagination="191 - 219" refId="ref9578" refString="Hibberd D. J. (1975) Observations on the ultrastructure of the choanoflagellate Codosigabotrytis (Ehr.) Saville-Kent with special reference to the flagellar apparatus. J. Cell. Sci. 17: 191 - 219." type="journal article" year="1975">Hibberd (1975)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF91033C8135E7BDFD744F47" author="Vors N." box="[535,695,1531,1558]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" pagination="1 - 109" refId="ref12434" refString="Vors N. (1992 a) Heterotrophic amoebae, flagellates and heliozoa from the Tvarminne area, Gulf of Finland, in 1988 - 1990. Ophelia 36: 1 - 109." type="journal article" year="1992">Vørs (1992a)</bibRefCitation>
. It was reported that the taxonomy of
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF91033C8127E45FFDB64F6A" authorityName="H. J. Clark" authorityYear="1866" box="[517,629,1566,1592]" class="Choanoflagellatea" family="Codosigidae" genus="Codosiga" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Choanoflagellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" phylum="Choanozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF91033C8127E45FFDB64F6A" box="[517,629,1566,1592]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Codosiga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is likely to be confused (
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF91033C8209E403FE784F0E" author="Vors N." box="[299,443,1602,1628]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" pagination="1 - 109" refId="ref12434" refString="Vors N. (1992 a) Heterotrophic amoebae, flagellates and heliozoa from the Tvarminne area, Gulf of Finland, in 1988 - 1990. Ophelia 36: 1 - 109." type="journal article" year="1992">Vørs 1992a</bibRefCitation>
) with
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF91033C8133E403FD454F09" baseAuthorityName="Leadbeater and Morton" baseAuthorityYear="1974" box="[529,646,1602,1627]" class="Choanoflagellatea" family="Codosigidae" genus="Monosiga" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Choanoflagellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" phylum="Choanozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF91033C8133E403FD454F09" box="[529,646,1602,1627]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Monosiga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF91033C81B8E403FF1D4F2D" baseAuthorityName="Ehrenberg" baseAuthorityYear="1838" class="Choanoflagellatea" family="Codosigidae" genus="Codosiga" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Choanoflagellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" phylum="Choanozoa" rank="species" species="botrytis">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF91033C81B8E403FF1D4F2D" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Codosiga botrytis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
includes taxa with thin and thick stalks, but is distinguished primarily by the formation of unique colonies. Single celled forms of the genera may be indistinguishable from the genus
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF91033C82DDE491FEA34E5E" authority="(Leadbeater and Morton 1974)" baseAuthorityName="Leadbeater and Morton" baseAuthorityYear="1974" class="Choanoflagellatea" family="Codosigidae" genus="Monosiga" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Choanoflagellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" phylum="Choanozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF91033C82DDE491FDB74FBB" box="[511,628,1744,1769]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Monosiga</emphasis>
(Leadbeater and Morton 1974)
</taxonomicName>
. This species was also found at marine sites in eastern North America,
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF91033C8114E554FD654E7D" box="[566,678,1813,1839]" name="Denmark" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Denmark</collectingCountry>
, Gulf of
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF91033C83A6E579FF224E00" box="[132,225,1848,1874]" name="Finland" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Finland</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF91033C83D0E578FE9C4E01" box="[242,351,1849,1875]" name="Germany" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Germany</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF91033C8283E579FE144E00" box="[417,471,1848,1874]" name="Italy" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Italy</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF91033C82C9E579FD004E01" author="Griessmann K." box="[491,707,1848,1875]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" pagination="1 - 78" refId="ref9257" refString="Griessmann K. (1913) Uber marine flagellaten. Arch. Protistenkd. 32: 1 - 78." type="journal article" year="1913">Griessmann 1913</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF91033C81F6E578FF244E25" author="Norris R. E." pageId="2" pageNumber="87" pagination="589 - 602" refId="ref10706" refString="Norris R. E. (1965) Neustonic marine Craspedomonadales (Choanoflagellates) from Washington and California. J. Protozool. 12: 589 - 602." type="journal article" year="1965">Norris 1965</bibRefCitation>
as
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF91033C8236E51DFD004E25" authority=", Hibberd 1975" authorityName="Hibberd" authorityYear="1975" box="[276,707,1884,1911]" class="Choanoflagellatea" family="Codosigidae" genus="Codosiga" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Choanoflagellida" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" phylum="Choanozoa" rank="species" species="pyriformis">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF91033C8236E51DFDCA4E24" box="[276,521,1884,1910]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="87">Codosiga pyriformis</emphasis>
,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF91033C8139E51DFD004E25" author="Hibberd D. J." box="[539,707,1884,1911]" pageId="2" pageNumber="87" pagination="191 - 219" refId="ref9578" refString="Hibberd D. J. (1975) Observations on the ultrastructure of the choanoflagellate Codosigabotrytis (Ehr.) Saville-Kent with special reference to the flagellar apparatus. J. Cell. Sci. 17: 191 - 219." type="journal article" year="1975">Hibberd 1975</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF91033C81F0E51DFF0D4ECB" author="Vors N." pageId="2" pageNumber="87" pagination="1 - 109" refId="ref12434" refString="Vors N. (1992 a) Heterotrophic amoebae, flagellates and heliozoa from the Tvarminne area, Gulf of Finland, in 1988 - 1990. Ophelia 36: 1 - 109." type="journal article" year="1992">Vørs 1992a</bibRefCitation>
, b).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,214 @@
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<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF940339806DE78DFACD4CB4" bold="true" box="[847,1294,1484,1511]" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF940339806DE78DFBAC4CB5" authorityName="Fenchel &amp; D.J.Patt." box="[847,1135,1484,1511]" family="Cafeteriaceae" genus="Cafeteria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Bicosoecida" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" phylum="Bigyra" rank="species" species="roenbergensis">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF940339806DE78DFBAC4CB5" bold="true" box="[847,1135,1484,1511]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">Cafeteria roenbergensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
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Figs
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</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="BFDB2A6DFF94033987CAE78DFAC54CB4" box="[1256,1286,1484,1510]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[132,167,1688,1710]" captionTargetBox="[136,1474,223,1633]" captionTargetId="figure-6@6.[136,1474,223,1633]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 3. (a) Ancyromonas sigmoides, (b) Caecitellus parvulus, (c) Cafeteria roenbergensis, (d) Cantina marsupialis, (e) Chelonemonas sp., (f) Codosiga botrytis, (g) Carpediemonas membranifera, (h) Neobodo curvifilus, (i) Neobodo designis, (j) Neobodo saliens, (k) unidentified protist, (l)-(m) Pleurostomum flabellatum, (n) Rhyncomonas nasuta, (o) Monosiga brevicollis, (p) Salpingoeca marina, (q) Pendulomonas adriperis, (r) Halocafeteria seosinensis. All micrographs are DIC images. Scale bar in (k) represents for all figures." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10994592" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10994592/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">3c</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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Cells are 78 μm long, D-shaped, laterally compressed and with a shallow groove on the left side. Two flagella of similar length emerging subapically and are slightly longer than the cell. In the attached cells the anterior flagellum is directed perpendicular to the ventral face of the cell and the posterior flagellum is reflexed, passing over one face of the cell and then attaching to the substrate by the tip. In the swimming cells the anterior flagellum is directed forwards and is beating with a sine wave. The posterior flagellum is directed backwards. And moves fast following a spiral path. Description is based on the observations of 23 cells. Occurance: every month at
<collectingRegion id="E524F80AFF9B0336821AE2A1FEA149A8" box="[312,354,224,250]" country="Japan" name="Aichi" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Acı</collectingRegion>
Lake, temperature 123.5 °C, salinity 2467.5 psu, dissolved oxygen
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/L.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6FFA6563FF9B03368388E364FD404CC8" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="275F36E8FF9B03368388E364FD404CC8" blockId="8.[132,779,223,1435]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9B03368388E364FEE6486D" bold="true" box="[170,293,293,319]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Remarks:</emphasis>
Generally, the observations are consistent with the descriptions of
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B03368289E309FCC94830" author="Fenchel T. &amp; Patterson D. J." box="[427,778,328,354]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="9 - 19" refId="ref9117" refString="Fenchel T., Patterson D. J. (1988) Cafeteria roenbergensis nov. gen., nov. sp., a heterotrophic microflagellate from marine plankton. Mar. Micro. Food Webs 3: 9 - 19." type="journal article" year="1988">Fenchel and Patterson (1988)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B03368398E32AFDD048D7" author="Larsen J. &amp; Patterson D. J." box="[186,531,363,389]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="801 - 937" refId="ref10069" refString="Larsen J., Patterson D. J. (1990) Some flagellates (Protista) from tropical marine sediments. J. Nat. Hist. 24: 801 - 937." type="journal article" year="1990">Larsen and Patterson (1990)</bibRefCitation>
s
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9B0336810FE32AFF0E48F5" family="Cafeteriaceae" genus="Cafeteria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" phylum="Bigyra" rank="species" species="roenbergensis">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9B0336810FE32AFF0E48F5" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Cafeteria roenbergensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B033683FCE3CFFDA148FA" author="Cavalier-Smith T. &amp; Chao E. E." box="[222,610,397,424]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="388 - 420" refId="ref8810" refString="Cavalier-Smith T., Chao E. E. (2006) Phylogeny and megasystematics of phagotrophic heterokonts (Kingdom Chromista). J. Mol. Evol. 62: 388 - 420." type="journal article" year="2006">Cavalier-Smith and Chao (2006)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B03368182E3CFFED34899" author="Schoenle A. &amp; Hohlfeld M. &amp; Rosse M. &amp; Filz P. &amp; Wylezich C. &amp; Nitsche F." pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="125665" refId="ref11605" refString="Schoenle A., Hohlfeld M., Rosse M., Filz P., Wylezich C., Nitsche F., and Arndt H. (2020). Global comparison of bicosoecid Cafeteria - like flagellates from the deep ocean and surface waters, with reorganization of the family Cafeteriaceae. Eur. J. Protistol. 73: 125665." type="journal article" year="2020">Schoenle et al. (2020)</bibRefCitation>
carried out molecular studies and separated the
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9B03368397E392FEE048BF" authorityName="T.Fenchel &amp; D.J.Patterson" authorityYear="1988" box="[181,291,467,493]" family="Cafeteriaceae" genus="Cafeteria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" phylum="Bigyra" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9B03368397E392FEE048BF" box="[181,291,467,493]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Cafeteria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
into two known species
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9B0336815CE395FF0E4B42" family="Cafeteriaceae" genus="Cafeteria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" phylum="Bigyra" rank="species" species="roenbergensis">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9B0336815CE395FF0E4B42" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">C. roenbergensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9B0336822AE3B6FE784B42" box="[264,443,502,529]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9B0336822AE3B6FE674B42" box="[264,420,502,529]" family="Cafeteriaceae" genus="Cafeteria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" phylum="Bigyra" rank="species" species="mylnikovii">C. mylnikovii</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
and with the same study six new species (
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9B03368203E058FE174B61" authorityName="Schoenle, Rosse &amp; Arndt" authorityYear="2020" box="[289,468,537,563]" family="Cafeteriaceae" genus="Cafeteria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" phylum="Bigyra" rank="species" species="maldiviensis">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9B03368203E058FE174B61" box="[289,468,537,563]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">C. maldiviensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9B033682C1E058FD914B61" authorityName="Schoenle &amp; Arndt" authorityYear="2020" box="[483,594,537,563]" family="Cafeteriaceae" genus="Cafeteria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" phylum="Bigyra" rank="species" species="biegae">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9B033682C1E058FD914B61" box="[483,594,537,563]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">C. biegae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9B03368140E058FCC04B61" authorityName="Filz, Nitsche &amp; Arndt" authorityYear="2020" box="[610,771,537,563]" family="Cafeteriaceae" genus="Cafeteria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" phylum="Bigyra" rank="species" species="loberiensis">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9B03368140E058FCC04B61" box="[610,771,537,563]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">C. loberiensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9B033683A6E07DFED24B04" authorityName="Filz, Nitsche &amp; Arndt" authorityYear="2020" box="[132,273,572,598]" family="Cafeteriaceae" genus="Cafeteria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" phylum="Bigyra" rank="species" species="chilensis">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9B033683A6E07DFED24B04" box="[132,273,572,598]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">C. chilensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9B03368207E07DFE714B04" authorityName="Schoenle &amp; Arndt" authorityYear="2020" box="[293,434,572,598]" family="Cafeteriaceae" genus="Cafeteria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" phylum="Bigyra" rank="species" species="graefeae">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9B03368207E07DFE714B04" box="[293,434,572,598]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">C. graefeae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9B033682E7E07DFDB74B04" authorityName="Schoenle &amp; Arndt" authorityYear="2020" box="[453,628,572,598]" family="Cafeteriaceae" genus="Cafeteria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" phylum="Bigyra" rank="species" species="burkhardae">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9B033682E7E07DFDB74B04" box="[453,628,572,598]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">C. burkhardae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) established respectively. These
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9B0336824DE01EFDF84B2B" box="[367,571,607,633]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9B0336824DE01EFE1E4B2B" box="[367,477,607,633]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Cafeteria</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
closely resemble to
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9B03368386E0C3FE7D4BC9" box="[164,446,641,668]" family="Cafeteriaceae" genus="Cafeteria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" phylum="Bigyra" rank="species" species="roenbergensis">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9B03368386E0C3FE7D4BC9" box="[164,446,641,668]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Cafeteria roenbergensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and cannot be easily distinguished each other without molecular studies. Thus, in this study, we prefer to follow the criteria described by previous works (
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B03368272E0ABFD5B4A56" author="Larsen J. &amp; Patterson D. J." box="[336,664,746,773]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="801 - 937" refId="ref10069" refString="Larsen J., Patterson D. J. (1990) Some flagellates (Protista) from tropical marine sediments. J. Nat. Hist. 24: 801 - 937." type="journal article" year="1990">Larsen and Patterson 1990</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B0336818BE0AAFEFA4A75" author="Patterson D. J. &amp; Lee W. J." pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="267 - 287" refId="ref11234" refString="Patterson D. J., Lee W. J. (2000) Geographic distribution and diversity of free-living heterotrophic flagellates. In: The flagellates: unity, diversity and evolution, (Eds. B. S. C. Leadbeater, J. C. Green). Taylor and Francis, London and New York, 267 - 287." type="book chapter" year="2000">Lee and Patterson 2000</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B03368265E14CFD914A75" author="Al-Qassab S. &amp; Lee W. J. &amp; Murray S. &amp; Simpson A. G. B. &amp; Patterson D. J." box="[327,594,781,807]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="91 - 144" refId="ref8293" refString="Al-Qassab S., Lee W. J., Murray S., Simpson A. G. B., Patterson D. J. (2002) Flagellates from stromatolites and surrounding sediments in Shark Bay, Western Australia. Acta Protozool. 41: 91 - 144." type="journal article" year="2002">Al-Qassab et al. 2002</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B03368140E14CFD164A7A" author="Lee W. J." box="[610,725,781,808]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="53 - 76" refId="ref10266" refString="Lee W. J. (2015) Small free-living heterotrophic flagellates from marine sediments of Gippsland Basin, South-Eastern Australia. Acta Protozool. 54: 53 - 76." type="journal article" year="2015">Lee 2015</bibRefCitation>
) for these morphospecies. This species resembles to
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9B033681F5E171FD2F4A3F" authority="(Ruinen 1938) Lee and Patterson 1990" authorityName="Lee and Patterson" authorityYear="1990" baseAuthorityName="Ruinen" baseAuthorityYear="1938" family="Cafeteriaceae" genus="Cafeteria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" phylum="Bigyra" rank="species" species="minuta">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9B033681F5E171FEE24A3E" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Cafeteria minuta</emphasis>
(Ruinen 1938) Lee and Patterson
<quantity id="E0189B0DFF9B03368190E112FCC84A3F" box="[690,779,851,877]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0546" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" unit="in" value="1990.0">1990 in</quantity>
</taxonomicName>
general appearance, but is distinguishable by the longer anterior flagellum of
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9B03368254E1D8FE2B4AE0" authorityName="Lee and Patterson" authorityYear="1990" baseAuthorityName="Ruinen" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[374,488,921,947]" family="Cafeteriaceae" genus="Cafeteria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" phylum="Bigyra" rank="species" species="minuta">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9B03368254E1D8FE2B4AE0" box="[374,488,921,947]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">C. minuta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9B033682D6E1D9FCC84AE0" box="[500,779,920,946]" family="Cafeteriaceae" genus="Cafeteria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" phylum="Bigyra" rank="species" species="roenbergensis">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9B033682D6E1D9FCC84AE0" box="[500,779,920,946]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Cafeteria roenbergensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9B03368227E1FDFE7B4AAB" authority="(Larsen and Patterson 1990) (Yubuki et al. 2015)" authorityName="Yubuki et al." authorityYear="2015" baseAuthorityName="Larsen and Patterson" baseAuthorityYear="1990" family="Bicosoecaceae" genus="Cantina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" phylum="Bigyra" rank="species" species="marsupialis">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9B03368227E1FDFE344A87" box="[261,503,955,982]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Cantina marsupialis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B03368129E1FAFF034AAA" author="Larsen J. &amp; Patterson D. J." pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="801 - 937" refId="ref10069" refString="Larsen J., Patterson D. J. (1990) Some flagellates (Protista) from tropical marine sediments. J. Nat. Hist. 24: 801 - 937." type="journal article" year="1990">Larsen and Patterson 1990</bibRefCitation>
) (
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B033683F5E19FFE734AAB" author="Yubuki N. &amp; Panek T. &amp; Yabuki A. &amp; Cepicka I. &amp; Takishita K. &amp; Inagaki Y. &amp; Leander B. S." box="[215,432,990,1017]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="532 - 542" refId="ref12696" refString="Yubuki N., Panek T., Yabuki A., Cepicka I., Takishita K., Inagaki Y., Leander B. S. (2015) Morphological identities of two different marine Stramenopile environmental sequence clades: Bicosoeca kenaiensis (Hilliard, 1971) and Cantina marsupialis (Larsen and Patterson, 1990) gen. nov., comb. nov. J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 62: 532 - 542." type="journal article" year="2015">Yubuki et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
in general appearance and in having a short anterior flagellum, but
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9B03368160E640FD2D4D49" authorityName="Yubuki et al." authorityYear="2015" baseAuthorityName="Larsen and Patterson" baseAuthorityYear="1990" box="[578,750,1025,1051]" family="Bicosoecaceae" genus="Cantina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" phylum="Bigyra" rank="species" species="marsupialis">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9B03368160E640FD2D4D49" box="[578,750,1025,1051]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">C. marsupialis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is slightly larger and has a more strongly developed ventral groove with a posterior channel leading into the cell. Previously reported studies for
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9B033682D1E62BFCC84DD1" box="[499,779,1129,1156]" family="Cafeteriaceae" genus="Cafeteria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" phylum="Bigyra" rank="species" species="roenbergensis">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9B033682D1E62BFCC84DD1" box="[499,779,1129,1156]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Cafeteria roenbergensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
gave the size range to be 1.5 to 10 μm (Fenchel and Patterson 1988,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B03368239E6F1FD974D9B" author="Larsen J. &amp; Patterson D. J." box="[283,596,1199,1226]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="801 - 937" refId="ref10069" refString="Larsen J., Patterson D. J. (1990) Some flagellates (Protista) from tropical marine sediments. J. Nat. Hist. 24: 801 - 937." type="journal article" year="1990">Larsen and Patterson 1990</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B0336817DE6F1FD2B4D9B" author="Vors N." box="[607,744,1199,1226]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="1 - 109" refId="ref12434" refString="Vors N. (1992 a) Heterotrophic amoebae, flagellates and heliozoa from the Tvarminne area, Gulf of Finland, in 1988 - 1990. Ophelia 36: 1 - 109." type="journal article" year="1992">Vørs 1992a</bibRefCitation>
, b;
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B033683A6E692FEBC4DBE" author="Patterson D. J. &amp; Nygaard K. &amp; Steinberg G. &amp; Turley C. M." box="[132,383,1234,1261]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="67 - 95" refId="ref11175" refString="Patterson D. J., Nygaard K., Steinberg G., Turley C. M. (1993) Heterotrophic flagellates and other protists associated with oceanic detritus throughout the water column in the Mid North Atlantic. J. Mar. Biolog. Assoc. U. K. 73: 67 - 95." type="journal article" year="1993">Patterson et al. 1993</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B033682AFE692FD974DBF" author="Vors N. &amp; Buck K. R. &amp; Chavez F. P. &amp; Eikrem W. &amp; Hansen L. E. &amp; Ostergaard J. B. &amp; Thomsen H. A." box="[397,596,1234,1261]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="585 - 602" refId="ref12538" refString="Vors N., Buck K. R., Chavez F. P., Eikrem W., Hansen L. E., Ostergaard J. B., Thomsen H. A. (1995) Nanoplankton of the equato- rial Pacific with emphasis on the heterotrophic protists. Deep Sea Res. II 42: 585 - 602." type="journal article" year="1995">Vørs et al. 1995</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B03368141E693FF024C5D" author="Ekebom J. &amp; Patterson D. J. &amp; Vors N." pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="251 - 272" refId="ref9038" refString="Ekebom J., Patterson D. J., Vors N. (1996) Heterotrphic flagellates from coral reef sediments (Great Barrier Reef, Australia). Arch. Protistenkd. 146: 251 - 272." type="journal article" year="1996">Ekebom et al. 1996</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B033683F6E6B4FDF84C5D" author="Patterson D. J. &amp; Simpson A. G." box="[212,571,1269,1295]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="423 - 448" refId="ref11299" refString="Patterson D. J., Simpson A. G. (1996) Heterotrophic flagellates from coastal marine and hypersaline sediments in Western Australia. Eur. J. Protistol. 32: 423 - 448." type="journal article" year="1996">Patterson and Simpson 1996</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B0336816FE6B4FD214C5D" author="Tong S. M." box="[589,738,1269,1295]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="517 - 536" refId="ref12194" refString="Tong S. M. (1997 b) Heterotrophic flagellates from the water col- umn in Shark Bay, Western Australia. Mar. Biol. 128: 517 - 536." type="journal article" year="1997">Tong 1997b</bibRefCitation>
, c;
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B033683A6E759FE854C60" author="Tong S. M. &amp; Vors N. &amp; Patterson D. J." box="[132,326,1304,1330]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="91 - 106" refId="ref12313" refString="Tong S. M., Vors N., Patterson D. J. (1997) Heterotrophic flagel- lates, centrohelid heliozoa and filose amoebae from marine and freshwater sites in the Antarctic. Polar Biol. 18: 91 - 106." type="journal article" year="1997">Tong et al. 1997</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B03368270E759FE534C60" author="Tong S. M. &amp; Nygaard K. &amp; Bernard C. &amp; Vors N. &amp; Patterson D. J." box="[338,400,1304,1330]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="162 - 194" refId="ref12260" refString="Tong S. M., Nygaard K., Bernard C., Vors N., Patterson D. J. (1998) Heterotrophic flagellates from the water column in Port Jack- son, Sydney, Australia. Eur. J. Protistol. 34: 162 - 194." type="journal article" year="1998">1998</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B033682BEE759FD434C60" author="Bernard C. &amp; Simpson A. G. B. &amp; Patterson D. J." box="[412,640,1304,1330]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="113 - 142" refId="ref8573" refString="Bernard C., Simpson A. G. B., Patterson D. J. (2000) Some free-living flagellates (Protista) from anoxic habitats. Ophelia 52: 113 - 142." type="journal article" year="2000">Bernard et al. 2000</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B033681AEE759FD3D4C60" author="Lee W. J." box="[652,766,1303,1330]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="53 - 76" refId="ref10266" refString="Lee W. J. (2015) Small free-living heterotrophic flagellates from marine sediments of Gippsland Basin, South-Eastern Australia. Acta Protozool. 54: 53 - 76." type="journal article" year="2015">Lee 2015</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9B033683A6E77AFE614C06" box="[132,418,1338,1365]" family="Cafeteriaceae" genus="Cafeteria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" phylum="Bigyra" rank="species" species="roenbergensis">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9B033683A6E77AFE614C06" box="[132,418,1338,1365]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Cafeteria roenbergensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a worldwide distribution (
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B033683AEE71CFE714C25" author="Lee W. J. &amp; Patterson D. J." box="[140,434,1373,1400]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="229 - 244" refId="ref10364" refString="Lee W. J., Patterson D. J. (1998) Diversity and geographic distribution of free-living heterotrophic flagellates - analysis by Primer. Protist. 149: 229 - 244." type="journal article" year="1998">Lee and Patterson 1998</bibRefCitation>
, Lee 2002,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B03368164E71CFF024CC8" author="Al-Qassab S. &amp; Lee W. J. &amp; Murray S. &amp; Simpson A. G. B. &amp; Patterson D. J." pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="91 - 144" refId="ref8293" refString="Al-Qassab S., Lee W. J., Murray S., Simpson A. G. B., Patterson D. J. (2002) Flagellates from stromatolites and surrounding sediments in Shark Bay, Western Australia. Acta Protozool. 41: 91 - 144." type="journal article" year="2002">Al-Qassab et al. 2002</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B033683EFE7C0FEBF4CC8" author="Lee W. J. &amp; Brandt S. M. &amp; Vors N. &amp; Patterson D. J." box="[205,380,1408,1435]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="63 - 98" refId="ref10329" refString="Lee W. J., Brandt S. M., Vors N., Patterson D. J. (2003) Darwin's heterotrophic flagellates. Ophelia 57: 63 - 98." type="journal article" year="2003">Lee et al. 2003</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B033682A4E7C1FDB44CC8" author="Aydin E. E. &amp; Lee W. J." box="[390,631,1408,1435]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="119 - 137" refId="ref8450" refString="Aydin E. E., Lee W. J. (2012) Free-living heterotrophic flagellates from intertidal sediments of Saros Bay, Aegean Sea (Turkey). Acta Protozool. 51: 119 - 137." type="journal article" year="2012">
<collectingRegion id="E524F80AFF9B033682A4E7C1FE0F4CC8" box="[390,460,1408,1434]" country="Turkey" name="Aydin" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Aydın</collectingRegion>
and Lee 2012
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,162 @@
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<paragraph id="275F36E8FF9403398380E4C5FDFA4FCC" blockId="7.[125,771,1668,1946]" box="[162,569,1668,1695]" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">
<heading id="7C178184FF9403398380E4C5FDFA4FCC" box="[162,569,1668,1695]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" reason="5">
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<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9403398380E4C5FE5A4FCD" authorityName="D.J.Patt. et al." box="[162,409,1668,1695]" family="Caecitellidae" genus="Caecitellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Bicosoecida" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" phylum="Bigyra" rank="species" species="parvulus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9403398380E4C5FE5A4FCD" bold="true" box="[162,409,1668,1695]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">Caecitellus parvulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="BFDB2A6DFF940339828BE4C5FDC14FCC" box="[425,514,1668,1694]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[132,167,1414,1436]" captionTargetBox="[138,1456,236,1355]" captionTargetId="figure-7@4.[127,1465,223,1363]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. (a) Ancyromonas sigmoides, (b) Neobodo curvifilus, (c) Chelonemonas sp., (d) Carpediemonas membranifera, (e) Caecitellus parvulus, (f) Codosiga botrytis, (g) Cafeteria roenbergensis, (h) Pleurostomum flabellatum, (i) Rhynchomonas nasuta, (j) Salpingoeca marina, (k) Pendulomonas adriperis, (l) Neobodo saliens, (m) unidentified protist, (n) Neobodo designis, (o) Monosiga brevicollis, (p) Halocafeteria seosinensis, (q) Cantina marsupialis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10994590" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10994590/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">Figs 2e</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="BFDB2A6DFF9403398132E4C5FDF34FCC" box="[528,560,1668,1694]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[132,167,1688,1710]" captionTargetBox="[136,1474,223,1633]" captionTargetId="figure-6@6.[136,1474,223,1633]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 3. (a) Ancyromonas sigmoides, (b) Caecitellus parvulus, (c) Cafeteria roenbergensis, (d) Cantina marsupialis, (e) Chelonemonas sp., (f) Codosiga botrytis, (g) Carpediemonas membranifera, (h) Neobodo curvifilus, (i) Neobodo designis, (j) Neobodo saliens, (k) unidentified protist, (l)-(m) Pleurostomum flabellatum, (n) Rhyncomonas nasuta, (o) Monosiga brevicollis, (p) Salpingoeca marina, (q) Pendulomonas adriperis, (r) Halocafeteria seosinensis. All micrographs are DIC images. Scale bar in (k) represents for all figures." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10994592" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10994592/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">3b</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="275F36E8FF9403398380E4EFFB0248FE" blockId="7.[125,771,1668,1946]" lastBlockId="7.[809,1456,224,1460]" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">
Cells are 34 μm long and somewhat triangular or rounded. The mouth is protruding ventrally on the left side of the cell. The cell is two flagella of unequal length. The acronematic anterior flagellum is beating slowly while inserting apically. It is slightly longer than the cell length. The non-acronematic posterior flagellum is about 2.5 times the cell length, and is merging from the ventral face of the cell and trailing posteriorly. The cells are gliding slowly by the anterior flagellum in close contact with the substrate. Description is based on the observations of 30 cells. Occurance: every month at
<collectingRegion id="E524F80AFF940339800BE32FFC9048DA" box="[809,851,366,392]" country="Japan" name="Aichi" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">Acı</collectingRegion>
Lake, temperature 123.5 °C, salinity 2467.5 psu, dissolved oxygen
<quantity id="E0189B0DFF94033980DFE3D0FB6348FE" box="[1021,1184,401,428]" metricMagnitude="-6" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="8.475" metricValueMax="13.2" metricValueMin="3.75" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" unit="mg" value="8.475" valueMax="13.2" valueMin="3.75">3.7513.2 mg</quantity>
/L.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6FFA6563FF940339806DE3F4FBB34CE6" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="275F36E8FF940339806DE3F4FBB34CE6" blockId="7.[809,1456,224,1460]" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF940339806DE3F4FC08489D" bold="true" box="[847,971,437,463]" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">Remarks:</emphasis>
Generally, the observations are consistent with the findings of
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9403398761E398FAE548A1" author="Griessmann K." box="[1091,1318,473,499]" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" pagination="1 - 78" refId="ref9257" refString="Griessmann K. (1913) Uber marine flagellaten. Arch. Protistenkd. 32: 1 - 78." type="journal article" year="1913">Griessmann (1913)</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF940339867DE398FBED4B45" author="Larsen J. &amp; Patterson D. J." pageId="7" pageNumber="92" pagination="801 - 937" refId="ref10069" refString="Larsen J., Patterson D. J. (1990) Some flagellates (Protista) from tropical marine sediments. J. Nat. Hist. 24: 801 - 937." type="journal article" year="1990">Larsen and Patterson (1990)</bibRefCitation>
under the name
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9403398631E3BDFC884B68" authorityName="Griessmann" authorityYear="1913" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Bodonidae" genus="Bodo" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Bodonida" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="species" species="parvulus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9403398631E3BDFC884B68" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">Bodo parvulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
which was transferred to
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF94033987B2E061FA454B68" box="[1168,1414,544,570]" family="Caecitellidae" genus="Caecitellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" phylum="Bigyra" rank="species" species="parvulus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF94033987B2E061FA454B68" box="[1168,1414,544,570]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">Caecitellus parvulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF940339800BE005FBFB4B0C" author="Patterson D. J. &amp; Nygaard K. &amp; Steinberg G. &amp; Turley C. M." box="[809,1080,579,606]" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" pagination="67 - 95" refId="ref11175" refString="Patterson D. J., Nygaard K., Steinberg G., Turley C. M. (1993) Heterotrophic flagellates and other protists associated with oceanic detritus throughout the water column in the Mid North Atlantic. J. Mar. Biolog. Assoc. U. K. 73: 67 - 95." type="journal article" year="1993">Patterson et al. (1993)</bibRefCitation>
. Later,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF94033987B6E005FA6C4B0C" author="Hausmann K. &amp; Selchow P. &amp; Scheckenbach F. &amp; Weitere M." box="[1172,1455,579,606]" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" pagination="415 - 431" refId="ref9361" refString="Hausmann K., Selchow P., Scheckenbach F., Weitere M., Arndt H. (2006) Cryptic species in a morphospecies complex of heterotrophic flagellates: The case study of Caecitellus spp. Acta Protozool. 45: 415 - 431." type="journal article" year="2006">Hausmann et al. (2006)</bibRefCitation>
carried out an ultrastructural, molecular study and established two new species
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF94033987A1E0CAFA6C4BF7" box="[1155,1455,651,677]" family="Caecitellidae" genus="Caecitellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" phylum="Bigyra" rank="species" species="paraparvulus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF94033987A1E0CAFA6C4BF7" box="[1155,1455,651,677]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">Caecitellus paraparvulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9403398078E0EEFB8F4B9A" box="[858,1100,686,713]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9403398078E0EEFBF44B9A" box="[858,1079,686,713]" family="Caecitellidae" genus="Caecitellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" phylum="Bigyra" rank="species" species="pseudoparvulus">C. pseudoparvulus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
that can only be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF940339804FE093FBA64BBE" box="[877,1125,722,748]" family="Caecitellidae" genus="Caecitellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" phylum="Bigyra" rank="species" species="parvulus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF940339804FE093FBA64BBE" box="[877,1125,722,748]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">Caecitellus parvulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by ultrastructural and molecular characters (
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9403398728E0B7FAD24A5D" author="Hausmann K. &amp; Selchow P. &amp; Scheckenbach F. &amp; Weitere M." box="[1034,1297,757,784]" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" pagination="415 - 431" refId="ref9361" refString="Hausmann K., Selchow P., Scheckenbach F., Weitere M., Arndt H. (2006) Cryptic species in a morphospecies complex of heterotrophic flagellates: The case study of Caecitellus spp. Acta Protozool. 45: 415 - 431." type="journal article" year="2006">Hausmann et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
for more details). Thus, in this study, we prefer to follow the criteria described by the previous works (
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9403398794E17CFCA44A28" author="Larsen J. &amp; Patterson D. J." pageId="7" pageNumber="92" pagination="801 - 937" refId="ref10069" refString="Larsen J., Patterson D. J. (1990) Some flagellates (Protista) from tropical marine sediments. J. Nat. Hist. 24: 801 - 937." type="journal article" year="1990">Larsen and Patterson 1990</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9403398057E120FB504A28" author="Patterson D. J. &amp; Lee W. J." box="[885,1171,864,891]" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" pagination="267 - 287" refId="ref11234" refString="Patterson D. J., Lee W. J. (2000) Geographic distribution and diversity of free-living heterotrophic flagellates. In: The flagellates: unity, diversity and evolution, (Eds. B. S. C. Leadbeater, J. C. Green). Taylor and Francis, London and New York, 267 - 287." type="book chapter" year="2000">Lee and Patterson 2000</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9403398782E121FA644A28" author="Al-Qassab S. &amp; Lee W. J. &amp; Murray S. &amp; Simpson A. G. B. &amp; Patterson D. J." box="[1184,1447,864,891]" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" pagination="91 - 144" refId="ref8293" refString="Al-Qassab S., Lee W. J., Murray S., Simpson A. G. B., Patterson D. J. (2002) Flagellates from stromatolites and surrounding sediments in Shark Bay, Western Australia. Acta Protozool. 41: 91 - 144." type="journal article" year="2002">Al-Qassab et al. 2002</bibRefCitation>
) for this morphospecies.
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9403398773E1C5FA8B4ACC" box="[1105,1352,900,926]" family="Caecitellidae" genus="Caecitellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" phylum="Bigyra" rank="species" species="parvulus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9403398773E1C5FA8B4ACC" box="[1105,1352,900,926]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">Caecitellus parvulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is characterized by the protruding mouth on the ventral side of the cell, the beating pattern of the anterior flagellum and the flagellar insertion (
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF940339874BE1AEFA684D5B" author="Larsen J. &amp; Patterson D. J." box="[1129,1451,1006,1033]" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" pagination="801 - 937" refId="ref10069" refString="Larsen J., Patterson D. J. (1990) Some flagellates (Protista) from tropical marine sediments. J. Nat. Hist. 24: 801 - 937." type="journal article" year="1990">Larsen and Patterson 1990</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF940339800BE652FBFC4D7E" author="Patterson D. J. &amp; Lee W. J." box="[809,1087,1042,1069]" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" pagination="267 - 287" refId="ref11234" refString="Patterson D. J., Lee W. J. (2000) Geographic distribution and diversity of free-living heterotrophic flagellates. In: The flagellates: unity, diversity and evolution, (Eds. B. S. C. Leadbeater, J. C. Green). Taylor and Francis, London and New York, 267 - 287." type="book chapter" year="2000">Lee and Patterson 2000</bibRefCitation>
). This species is similar to
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9403398656E653FA894D02" authority="Patterson and Simpson 1996" authorityName="Patterson and Simpson" authorityYear="1996" class="Trichomonadea" genus="Glissandra" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Cristamonadida" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" phylum="Metamonada" rank="species" species="innurende">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9403398656E653FC344D02" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">Glissandra innurende</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF94033980DFE677FA894D02" author="Patterson D. J. &amp; Simpson A. G." box="[1021,1354,1078,1104]" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" pagination="423 - 448" refId="ref11299" refString="Patterson D. J., Simpson A. G. (1996) Heterotrophic flagellates from coastal marine and hypersaline sediments in Western Australia. Eur. J. Protistol. 32: 423 - 448." type="journal article" year="1996">Patterson and Simpson 1996</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
with the protruding mouth on the ventral side, but can be distinguished by its anterior flagellums beating pattern and the insertion of the flagella.
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF940339879BE6E1FA6C4DE8" box="[1209,1455,1184,1210]" family="Caecitellidae" genus="Caecitellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" phylum="Bigyra" rank="species" species="parvulus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF940339879BE6E1FA6C4DE8" box="[1209,1455,1184,1210]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">Caecitellus parvulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been reported in
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF9403398704E685FB564D8C" box="[1062,1173,1220,1246]" name="Australia" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">Australia</collectingCountry>
, North Atlantic,
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF9403398642E685FA684D8C" box="[1376,1451,1220,1246]" name="Brazil" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">Brazil</collectingCountry>
, Danish Wadden Sea,
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF9403398713E6A9FB554C50" box="[1073,1174,1256,1282]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">England</collectingCountry>
, equatorial Pacific and
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF940339800BE74AFCBD4C77" box="[809,894,1291,1317]" name="Turkey" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">Turkey</collectingCountry>
, with the reported size range 2 to 7 μm (
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF940339860FE76EFC534C3E" author="Ekebom J. &amp; Patterson D. J. &amp; Vors N." pageId="7" pageNumber="92" pagination="251 - 272" refId="ref9038" refString="Ekebom J., Patterson D. J., Vors N. (1996) Heterotrphic flagellates from coral reef sediments (Great Barrier Reef, Australia). Arch. Protistenkd. 146: 251 - 272." type="journal article" year="1996">Ekebom et al. 1996</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF940339800BE737FC364CC2" author="Tong S. M. &amp; Nygaard K. &amp; Bernard C. &amp; Vors N. &amp; Patterson D. J." box="[809,1013,1398,1424]" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" pagination="162 - 194" refId="ref12260" refString="Tong S. M., Nygaard K., Bernard C., Vors N., Patterson D. J. (1998) Heterotrophic flagellates from the water column in Port Jack- son, Sydney, Australia. Eur. J. Protistol. 34: 162 - 194." type="journal article" year="1998">Tong et al. 1998</bibRefCitation>
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Cells are 3.56 μm long, flattened and flexible. The cells are with a bulbous motile snout which beats slowly. The mouth is located on the bulbous motile snout. The anterior flagellum lies alongside the snout and is hard to see, and the acronematic, trailing posterior flagellum is 23 times the cell length. The cells move by gliding. Description based on observations of 45 cells. Occurance: every month at
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Lake, tempera- ture 123.5 °C, salinity 2467.5 psu, dissolved oxygen
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/L.
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<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9403398380E7D4FEDD4CFD" bold="true" box="[162,286,1429,1455]" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">Remarks:</emphasis>
This is a well-known species with a bulbous snout. This species has been reported from diverse environments worldwide (e.g.,
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), including hypersaline habitats in
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(
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,
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<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF96033B806DE4C3FBD74FCF" bold="true" box="[847,1044,1666,1693]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Neobodo saliens</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF96033B8706E4C3FABB4FCE" author="Larsen J. &amp; Patterson D. J." box="[1060,1400,1666,1693]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" pagination="801 - 937" refId="ref10069" refString="Larsen J., Patterson D. J. (1990) Some flagellates (Protista) from tropical marine sediments. J. Nat. Hist. 24: 801 - 937." type="journal article" year="1990">Larsen and Patterson 1990</bibRefCitation>
) Moreira
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF96033B809CE4E7FC3A4F92" bold="true" box="[958,1017,1701,1728]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">et al.</emphasis>
2004
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="BFDB2A6DFF96033B8768E4E4FB5C4FED" box="[1098,1183,1701,1727]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[132,167,1414,1436]" captionTargetBox="[138,1456,236,1355]" captionTargetId="figure-7@4.[127,1465,223,1363]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. (a) Ancyromonas sigmoides, (b) Neobodo curvifilus, (c) Chelonemonas sp., (d) Carpediemonas membranifera, (e) Caecitellus parvulus, (f) Codosiga botrytis, (g) Cafeteria roenbergensis, (h) Pleurostomum flabellatum, (i) Rhynchomonas nasuta, (j) Salpingoeca marina, (k) Pendulomonas adriperis, (l) Neobodo saliens, (m) unidentified protist, (n) Neobodo designis, (o) Monosiga brevicollis, (p) Halocafeteria seosinensis, (q) Cantina marsupialis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10994590" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10994590/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Figs 2l</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="BFDB2A6DFF96033B878EE4E4FB054FED" box="[1196,1222,1701,1727]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[132,167,1688,1710]" captionTargetBox="[136,1474,223,1633]" captionTargetId="figure-6@6.[136,1474,223,1633]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 3. (a) Ancyromonas sigmoides, (b) Caecitellus parvulus, (c) Cafeteria roenbergensis, (d) Cantina marsupialis, (e) Chelonemonas sp., (f) Codosiga botrytis, (g) Carpediemonas membranifera, (h) Neobodo curvifilus, (i) Neobodo designis, (j) Neobodo saliens, (k) unidentified protist, (l)-(m) Pleurostomum flabellatum, (n) Rhyncomonas nasuta, (o) Monosiga brevicollis, (p) Salpingoeca marina, (q) Pendulomonas adriperis, (r) Halocafeteria seosinensis. All micrographs are DIC images. Scale bar in (k) represents for all figures." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10994592" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10994592/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">3j</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="275F36E8FF960339806DE491FE8248F5" blockId="5.[809,1455,1744,1946]" lastBlockId="7.[125,772,223,1015]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="92" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">
Cells are 412 μm long, elongate elliptical and somewhat inflexible. Two flagella of unequal in length emerge subapically form a shallow pocket. The anterior flagellum seems to be inactive, along the cell and helds forward with a single anterior curve. The acronematic posterior flagellum is typically directed straight behind the cell and is 2.23.5 times longer than the cell length. The cells swim in straight lines with rapid darts as mentioned elsewhere. Description based on observations of 20 cells. Occurance: every month at
<collectingRegion id="E524F80AFF9403398100E309FD8F4830" box="[546,588,328,354]" country="Japan" name="Aichi" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">Acı</collectingRegion>
Lake, tempera- ture 123.5 °C, salinity 2467.5 psu, dissolved oxygen
<quantity id="E0189B0DFF940339835FE3CCFEE348F5" box="[125,288,397,424]" metricMagnitude="-6" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="8.475" metricValueMax="13.2" metricValueMin="3.75" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" unit="mg" value="8.475" valueMax="13.2" valueMin="3.75">3.7513.2 mg</quantity>
/L.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="739F6660FF95033883A6E4D9FB144E50" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10994592" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10994592" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10994592/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" startId="6.[132,167,1688,1710]" targetBox="[136,1474,223,1633]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
<paragraph id="275F36E8FF95033883A6E4D9FB144E50" blockId="6.[132,1465,1688,1794]" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF95033883A6E4D9FF074FFF" bold="true" box="[132,196,1688,1710]" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Fig. 3.</emphasis>
(a)
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF95033883CEE4D9FE164FFF" authorityName="Kent" authorityYear="1880" box="[236,469,1688,1709]" class="Glissodiscea" family="Ancyromonadidae" genus="Ancyromonas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Sulcozoa" rank="species" species="sigmoides">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF95033883CEE4D9FE164FFF" box="[236,469,1688,1709]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Ancyromonas sigmoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, (b)
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9503388126E4D9FD084FFF" box="[516,715,1688,1709]" family="Caecitellidae" genus="Caecitellus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Bigyra" rank="species" species="parvulus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9503388126E4D9FD084FFF" box="[516,715,1688,1709]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Caecitellus parvulus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, (c)
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF95033881DBE4D9FC234FFF" box="[761,992,1688,1709]" family="Cafeteriaceae" genus="Cafeteria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Bigyra" rank="species" species="roenbergensis">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF95033881DBE4D9FC234FFF" box="[761,992,1688,1709]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Cafeteria roenbergensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, (d)
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF950338872DE4D9FB174FFF" authorityName="Yubuki et al." authorityYear="2015" baseAuthorityName="Larsen and Patterson" baseAuthorityYear="1990" box="[1039,1236,1688,1709]" family="Bicosoecaceae" genus="Cantina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Bigyra" rank="species" species="marsupialis">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF950338872DE4D9FB174FFF" box="[1039,1236,1688,1709]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Cantina marsupialis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, (e)
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9503388620E4D9FA764FFF" box="[1282,1461,1688,1709]" genus="Chelonemonas" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9503388620E4D9FA524FFF" box="[1282,1425,1688,1709]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Chelonemonas</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
, (f)
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9503388380E4F5FE8F4F9B" baseAuthorityName="Ehrenberg" baseAuthorityYear="1838" box="[162,332,1716,1737]" class="Choanoflagellatea" family="Codosigidae" genus="Codosiga" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Choanoflagellida" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Choanozoa" rank="species" species="botrytis">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9503388380E4F5FE8F4F9B" box="[162,332,1716,1737]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Codosiga botrytis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, (g)
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF950338825BE4F5FD5C4F9B" authorityName="Ekebom et al." authorityYear="1996" baseAuthorityName="Larsen and Patterson" baseAuthorityYear="1990" box="[377,671,1716,1737]" class="Carpomonadea" family="Carpediemonadidae" genus="Carpediemonas" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Carpediemonadida" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Metamonada" rank="species" species="membranifera">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF950338825BE4F5FD5C4F9B" box="[377,671,1716,1737]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Carpediemonas membranifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, (h)
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF95033881E9E4F5FC434F9B" authorityName="Moreira et al." authorityYear="2004" baseAuthorityName="Greissmann" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[715,896,1716,1737]" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Neobodonidae" genus="Neobodo" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Bodonida" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="species" species="curvifilus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF95033881E9E4F5FC434F9B" box="[715,896,1716,1737]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Neobodo curvifilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, (i)
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF950338808AE4F5FB904F9B" authorityName="Vickerman" authorityYear="2004" baseAuthorityName="Skuja" baseAuthorityYear="1948" box="[936,1107,1716,1737]" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Neobodonidae" genus="Neobodo" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Bodonida" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="species" species="designis">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF950338808AE4F5FB904F9B" box="[936,1107,1716,1737]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Neobodo designis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, (j)
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9503388758E4F5FADA4F9B" authorityName="Moreira et al." authorityYear="2004" baseAuthorityName="Larsen and Patterson" baseAuthorityYear="1990" box="[1146,1305,1716,1737]" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Neobodonidae" genus="Neobodo" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Bodonida" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="species" species="saliens">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9503388758E4F5FADA4F9B" box="[1146,1305,1716,1737]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Neobodo saliens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, (k) unidentified protist, (l)-(m)
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9503388234E491FDD04FB7" authorityName="Ruinen" authorityYear="1938" box="[278,531,1744,1765]" family="Tulamoebidae" genus="Pleurostomum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" rank="species" species="flabellatum">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9503388234E491FDD04FB7" box="[278,531,1744,1765]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Pleurostomum flabellatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, (n)
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9503388160E491FCD34FB4" box="[578,784,1744,1766]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">
Rhyncomonas
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF95033881F2E490FCD34FB4" authorityName="Klebs" authorityYear="1893" box="[720,784,1745,1766]" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Rhynchomonadidae" genus="Rhynchomonas" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Bodonida" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="species" species="nasuta">nasuta</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, (o)
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF950338801DE490FBCA4FB7" authorityName="Ruinen" authorityYear="1938" box="[831,1033,1744,1766]" class="Choanoflagellatea" family="Codosigidae" genus="Monosiga" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Choanoflagellida" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Choanozoa" rank="species" species="brevicollis">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF950338801DE490FBCA4FB7" box="[831,1033,1744,1766]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Monosiga brevicollis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, (p)
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF950338871AE491FB384FB4" baseAuthorityName="Tong" baseAuthorityYear="1997" box="[1080,1275,1744,1766]" class="Choanoflagellatea" family="Salpingoecidae" genus="Salpingoeca" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Choanoflagellida" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Choanozoa" rank="species" species="marina">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF950338871AE491FB384FB4" box="[1080,1275,1744,1766]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Salpingoeca marina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, (q)
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9503388608E491FF1F4E53" authorityName="Tong" authorityYear="1997" family="Placidiaceae" genus="Pendulomonas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" phylum="Bigyra" rank="species" species="adriperis">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9503388608E491FF1F4E53" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Pendulomonas adriperis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, (r)
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9503388224E4ADFE3D4E50" box="[262,510,1772,1794]" family="Tulamoebidae" genus="Halocafeteria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="6" pageNumber="91" rank="species" species="seosinensis">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9503388224E4ADFE3D4E50" box="[262,510,1772,1794]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="91">Halocafeteria seosinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. All micrographs are DIC images. Scale bar in (k) represents for all figures.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="6FFA6563FF9403398381E3F1FE6A4AA5" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="275F36E8FF9403398381E3F1FE6A4AA5" blockId="7.[125,772,223,1015]" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9403398381E3F1FEDD4898" bold="true" box="[163,286,432,458]" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">Remarks:</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9403398209E3F1FE304898" authorityName="Moreira et al." authorityYear="2004" baseAuthorityName="Larsen and Patterson" baseAuthorityYear="1990" box="[299,499,432,458]" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Neobodonidae" genus="Neobodo" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Bodonida" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="species" species="saliens">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9403398209E3F1FE304898" box="[299,499,432,458]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">Neobodo saliens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinguished from other species of the genus
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9403398291E392FDDE48BF" authorityName="Vickerman" authorityYear="2004" box="[435,541,467,493]" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Neobodonidae" genus="Neobodo" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Bodonida" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9403398291E392FDDE48BF" box="[435,541,467,493]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">Neobodo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its rapid darting movement and the unique posterior flagellum directed in a straight line while swimming. This species is similar to
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF94033983E3E07AFE5C4B07" authorityName="Moreira et al." authorityYear="2004" baseAuthorityName="Greissmann" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[193,415,571,597]" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Neobodonidae" genus="Neobodo" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Bodonida" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="species" species="curvifilus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF94033983E3E07AFE5C4B07" box="[193,415,571,597]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">Neobodo curvifilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but is easily distinguished by the unique paddling anterior flagellum of
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9403398149E01EFD384B2A" authorityName="Moreira et al." authorityYear="2004" baseAuthorityName="Greissmann" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[619,763,606,632]" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Neobodonidae" genus="Neobodo" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Bodonida" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="species" species="curvifilus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9403398149E01EFD384B2A" box="[619,763,606,632]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">N. curvifilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which is curved along its entire length.
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9403398160E0C0FCC04BC9" authorityName="Moreira et al." authorityYear="2004" baseAuthorityName="Larsen and Patterson" baseAuthorityYear="1990" box="[578,771,641,667]" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Neobodonidae" genus="Neobodo" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Bodonida" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="species" species="saliens">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9403398160E0C0FCC04BC9" box="[578,771,641,667]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">Neobodo saliens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also differs from
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF940339826EE0E5FDDC4BEC" authorityName="Vickerman" authorityYear="2004" baseAuthorityName="Skuja" baseAuthorityYear="1948" box="[332,543,676,702]" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Neobodonidae" genus="Neobodo" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Bodonida" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="species" species="designis">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF940339826EE0E5FDDC4BEC" box="[332,543,676,702]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">Neobodo designis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9403398112E0E5FCC04BEC" authorityName="Vickerman" authorityYear="2004" baseAuthorityName="Skuja" baseAuthorityYear="1948" box="[560,771,676,702]" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Neobodonidae" genus="Neobodo" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Bodonida" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="species" species="designis">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9403398112E0E5FCC04BEC" box="[560,771,676,702]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">Neobodo designis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has both an anterior flagellum which coils up around the anterior part of the cell and a posterior flagellum, which has a sinuous form while swimming.
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF940339811CE14DFCC14A74" authorityName="Moreira et al." authorityYear="2004" baseAuthorityName="Larsen and Patterson" baseAuthorityYear="1990" box="[574,770,780,806]" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Neobodonidae" genus="Neobodo" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Bodonida" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="species" species="saliens">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF940339811CE14DFCC14A74" box="[574,770,780,806]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">Neobodo saliens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has an anterior flagellum held forward, curved back at the tip with an angle and a posterior flagellum directed straigth behind the cell. While swimming,
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF940339815CE134FCC04ADC" authorityName="Vickerman" authorityYear="2004" baseAuthorityName="Skuja" baseAuthorityYear="1948" box="[638,771,884,910]" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Neobodonidae" genus="Neobodo" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Bodonida" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="species" species="designis">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF940339815CE134FCC04ADC" box="[638,771,884,910]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">N. designis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
rotates around its longitudinal axes, whereas
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF94033981ADE1D9FCC14AE3" authorityName="Moreira et al." authorityYear="2004" baseAuthorityName="Larsen and Patterson" baseAuthorityYear="1990" box="[655,770,919,945]" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Neobodonidae" genus="Neobodo" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Bodonida" pageId="7" pageNumber="92" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="species" species="saliens">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF94033981ADE1D9FCC14AE3" box="[655,770,919,945]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="92">N. saliens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
makes sudden darts in a straight line. This species appears to be cosmopolitan.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<heading id="7C178184FF96033B806DE0F6FA6C4B83" box="[847,1455,695,722]" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" reason="5">
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF96033B806DE0F6FA6C4B83" authority="(Skuja 1948) Vickerman 2004" authorityName="Vickerman" authorityYear="2004" baseAuthorityName="Skuja" baseAuthorityYear="1948" box="[847,1455,695,722]" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Neobodonidae" genus="Neobodo" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Bodonida" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="species" species="designis">
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<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF96033B806DE0F6FBE44B80" bold="true" box="[847,1063,695,722]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Neobodo designis</emphasis>
(Skuja 1948) Vickerman 2004
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<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF96033B806DE09BFC214BA6" bold="true" box="[847,994,730,756]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">
(
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,
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)
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="275F36E8FF96033B806DE144FB884DBA" blockId="5.[809,1456,773,1642]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">
Cells are 47 μm long, somewhat flexible and usu- ally elliptical with two unequal flagella emerging from a subapical pocket. The anterior flagellum is about the length of the cell or slightly shorter and curved back over the rostrum. The anterior flagellum is fold- ing around the anterior part of the cell when the cell is feeding. The acronematic posterior flagellum is 24 times the length of the cell and somewhat curved while swimming. The nucleus is located close to the midline of the cell. The cells rotate around their longitudinal axes while swimming. Description based on observations of 22 cells. Occurance: every month at
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Lake, temperature 123.5 °C, salinity, 2467.5 psu, dissolved oxygen
<quantity id="E0189B0DFF96033B80A5E68FFBE94DBA" box="[903,1066,1230,1257]" metricMagnitude="-6" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="8.475" metricValueMax="13.2" metricValueMin="3.75" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" unit="mg" value="8.475" valueMax="13.2" valueMin="3.75">3.7513.2 mg</quantity>
/L.
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</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6FFA6563FF96033B806DE6B0FA734F38" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="275F36E8FF96033B806DE6B0FA734F38" blockId="5.[809,1456,773,1642]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF96033B806DE6B0FC0A4C59" bold="true" box="[847,969,1265,1291]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Remarks:</emphasis>
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<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF96033B80FBE6B0FB734C59" box="[985,1200,1265,1291]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Neobodo designis</emphasis>
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has been characterized by the rotating behavior of swimming cells, but
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<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF96033B800BE776FC334C03" box="[809,1008,1335,1361]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Neobodo cygnus</emphasis>
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reported by
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and
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<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF96033B8096E71AFBBF4C26" box="[948,1148,1370,1396]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">N. platyrhynchus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
reported by
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also have a rotating swimming movement.
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<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF96033B800BE7E1FC2F4CE8" box="[809,1004,1440,1466]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Neobodo cygnus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may also wrap the anterior flagellum around the anterior end of the cells just like
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF96033B863EE782FCB74F52" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF96033B863EE782FCAC4F52" authorityName="Vickerman" authorityYear="2004" baseAuthorityName="Skuja" baseAuthorityYear="1948" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Neobodonidae" genus="Neobodo" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Bodonida" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="species" species="designis">Neobodo designis</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
may be distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF96033B8797E7A6FAF54F53" authorityName="Vickerman" authorityYear="2004" baseAuthorityName="Skuja" baseAuthorityYear="1948" box="[1205,1334,1511,1537]" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Neobodonidae" genus="Neobodo" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Bodonida" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="species" species="designis">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF96033B8797E7A6FAF54F53" box="[1205,1334,1511,1537]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">N. designis</emphasis>
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by having a spiral groove. Further study is required to establish the identities of these taxa. This species has been reported from the world in marine and freshwater environments.
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<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF96033B8381E091FEE34A5C" authority="(Greissmann 1913) Moreira et al. 2004" authorityName="Moreira et al." authorityYear="2004" baseAuthorityName="Greissmann" baseAuthorityYear="1913" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Neobodonidae" genus="Neobodo" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Bodonida" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="species" species="curvifilus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF96033B8381E091FE4D4BB9" bold="true" box="[163,398,720,747]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Neobodo curvifilus</emphasis>
(Greissmann 1913) Moreira
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF96033B8381E0B5FF154A5D" bold="true" box="[163,214,756,783]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">et al</emphasis>
. 2004
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(
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,
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)
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<paragraph id="275F36E8FF96033B8381E15EFE5D4D03" blockId="5.[125,771,799,1945]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">
Cells are 810 µm long and bean shaped. Two fla- gella insert subapically: one extends anteriorly and the other one extends posteriorly. The anterior flagellum is curved inward at the tip and the acronematic posterior flagellum is about 2.5 times the cell length. The cells move by gliding. Description is based on the observations of 13 cells. Occurance: every month at
<collectingRegion id="E524F80AFF96033B81ADE1B0FD7A4D59" box="[655,697,1009,1035]" country="Japan" name="Aichi" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Acı</collectingRegion>
Lake, temperature 123.5 °C, salinity 2467.5 psu, dissolved oxygen
<quantity id="E0189B0DFF96033B83F8E676FEBD4D03" box="[218,382,1079,1106]" metricMagnitude="-6" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="8.475" metricValueMax="13.2" metricValueMin="3.75" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" unit="mg" value="8.475" valueMax="13.2" valueMin="3.75">3.7513.2 mg</quantity>
/L.
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<subSubSection id="6FFA6563FF96033B8381E61BFBB64BF2" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="275F36E8FF96033B8381E61BFBB64BF2" blockId="5.[125,771,799,1945]" lastBlockId="5.[809,1456,224,672]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF96033B8381E61BFEDD4D26" bold="true" box="[163,286,1114,1140]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Remarks:</emphasis>
The description shows compatibility with
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF96033B839EE63CFE374DC5" author="Patterson D. J. &amp; Lee W. J." box="[188,500,1149,1175]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" pagination="267 - 287" refId="ref11234" refString="Patterson D. J., Lee W. J. (2000) Geographic distribution and diversity of free-living heterotrophic flagellates. In: The flagellates: unity, diversity and evolution, (Eds. B. S. C. Leadbeater, J. C. Green). Taylor and Francis, London and New York, 267 - 287." type="book chapter" year="2000">Lee and Patterson (2000)</bibRefCitation>
.
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<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF96033B8120E63CFD274DC5" box="[514,740,1149,1175]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Neobodo curvifilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is distinguished from other species of
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF96033B8100E6E1FD4F4DE8" authorityName="Vickerman" authorityYear="2004" box="[546,652,1184,1210]" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Neobodonidae" genus="Neobodo" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Bodonida" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF96033B8100E6E1FD4F4DE8" box="[546,652,1184,1210]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Neobodo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF96033B81E7E6E1FCC04DE8" authorityName="Ehrenberg" authorityYear="1832" box="[709,771,1184,1210]" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Bodonidae" genus="Bodo" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Bodonida" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF96033B81E7E6E1FCC04DE8" box="[709,771,1184,1210]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Bodo</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the curved shape and the paddling beat of the anterior flagellum. This species has similar features with
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF96033B835FE748FD3D4C71" authority="Larsen and Patterson 1990" authorityName="Larsen and Patterson" authorityYear="1990" box="[125,766,1289,1315]" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Trypanosomatidae" genus="Bordnamonas" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Trypanosomatida" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="species" species="tropicana">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF96033B835FE748FE634C71" box="[125,416,1289,1315]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Bordnamonas tropicana</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF96033B828CE748FD3D4C71" author="Larsen J. &amp; Patterson D. J." box="[430,766,1289,1315]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" pagination="801 - 937" refId="ref10069" refString="Larsen J., Patterson D. J. (1990) Some flagellates (Protista) from tropical marine sediments. J. Nat. Hist. 24: 801 - 937." type="journal article" year="1990">Larsen and Patterson 1990</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
, but it can be distinguished by its much curved anterior flagellum, the acronematic posterior flagellum, quick movement, and by the visible mouth. A detailed discussion of
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF96033B83DFE7D4FE1F4CFD" authorityName="Moreira et al." authorityYear="2004" baseAuthorityName="Greissmann" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[253,476,1429,1455]" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Neobodonidae" genus="Neobodo" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Bodonida" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="species" species="curvifilus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF96033B83DFE7D4FE1F4CFD" box="[253,476,1429,1455]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Neobodo curvifilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is given in
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF96033B814AE7D4FEDB4C81" author="Tikhonenkov D. V. &amp; Janouskovec J. &amp; Keeling P. J. &amp; Mylnikov A. P." pageId="5" pageNumber="90" pagination="220 - 232" refId="ref12090" refString="Tikhonenkov D. V., Janouskovec J., Keeling P. J., Mylnikov A. P. (2016) The morphology, ultrastructure and SSU rRNA gene sequence of a new freshwater flagellate, Neobodo borokensis n. sp. (Kinetoplastea, Excavata). J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 63: 220 - 232." type="journal article" year="2016">Tikhonenkov et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
, in which the similarities of
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF96033B81A5E7F8FF5C4CA7" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">N. curvifi- lus</emphasis>
with
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF96033B83C5E79AFD0C4CA7" authority="Frolov et al. 2001" authorityName="Frolov" authorityYear="2001" box="[231,719,1499,1526]" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Cryptobiidae" genus="Procryptobia" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Bodonida" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="species" species="sorokini">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF96033B83C5E79AFE2F4CA7" box="[231,492,1499,1525]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Procryptobia sorokini</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF96033B82D4E79AFD0C4CA7" author="Frolov A. O. &amp; Karpov S. A. &amp; Mylnikov A. P." box="[502,719,1499,1526]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" pagination="85 - 95" refId="ref9212" refString="Frolov A. O., Karpov S. A., Mylnikov A. P. (2001) The ultrastructure of Procryptobia sorokini (Zhukov) comb. nov. and rootlet homology in kinetoplastids. Protistology 2: 85 - 95." type="journal article" year="2001">Frolov et al. 2001</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF96033B835FE7BFFEA54F4A" box="[125,358,1534,1560]" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Parabodonidae" genus="Parabodo" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Bodonida" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="species" species="caudatus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF96033B835FE7BFFEA54F4A" box="[125,358,1534,1560]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Parabodo caudatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are discussed.
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF96033B8103E7BFFF6A4F69" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Cryptobiidae" genus="Procryptobia" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Bodonida" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="species" species="sorokini">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF96033B8103E7BFFF6A4F69" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Procryptobia sorokini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF96033B83C8E463FEBD4F69" authorityName="Moreira et al." authorityYear="2004" baseAuthorityName="Greissmann" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[234,382,1569,1595]" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Neobodonidae" genus="Neobodo" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Bodonida" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="species" species="curvifilus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF96033B83C8E463FEBD4F69" box="[234,382,1569,1595]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">N. curvifilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resemble in general cell shape, cell length, having curved shape and paddling beat of anterior flagellum. The morphological differences men- tioned by
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF96033B83D8E4CBFE2A4FF6" author="Frolov A. O. &amp; Karpov S. A. &amp; Mylnikov A. P." box="[250,489,1674,1701]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" pagination="85 - 95" refId="ref9212" refString="Frolov A. O., Karpov S. A., Mylnikov A. P. (2001) The ultrastructure of Procryptobia sorokini (Zhukov) comb. nov. and rootlet homology in kinetoplastids. Protistology 2: 85 - 95." type="journal article" year="2001">Frolov et al. (2001)</bibRefCitation>
are not enough to differ these two species because
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF96033B82C8E4ECFD084F95" authorityName="Moreira et al." authorityYear="2004" baseAuthorityName="Greissmann" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[490,715,1709,1735]" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Neobodonidae" genus="Neobodo" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Bodonida" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="species" species="curvifilus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF96033B82C8E4ECFD084F95" box="[490,715,1709,1735]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Neobodo curvifilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was also reported with an attached posterior flagellum. We are of the view that
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF96033B8255E4B2FDBF4E5F" box="[375,636,1779,1805]" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Cryptobiidae" genus="Procryptobia" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Bodonida" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="species" species="sorokini">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF96033B8255E4B2FDBF4E5F" box="[375,636,1779,1805]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Procryptobia sorokini</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF96033B823EE557FDC24E62" authorityName="Moreira et al." authorityYear="2004" baseAuthorityName="Greissmann" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[284,513,1814,1840]" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Neobodonidae" genus="Neobodo" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Bodonida" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="species" species="curvifilus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF96033B823EE557FDC24E62" box="[284,513,1814,1840]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Neobodo curvifilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF96033B8134E557FCC04E62" box="[534,771,1814,1840]" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Parabodonidae" genus="Parabodo" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Bodonida" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="species" species="caudatus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF96033B8134E557FCC04E62" box="[534,771,1814,1840]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Parabodo caudatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF96033B8390E57BFE874E01" authorityName="Moreira et al." authorityYear="2004" baseAuthorityName="Greissmann" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[178,324,1849,1875]" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Neobodonidae" genus="Neobodo" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Bodonida" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="species" species="curvifilus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF96033B8390E57BFE874E01" box="[178,324,1849,1875]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">N. curvifilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also resemble each other. Compared to
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF96033B83B9E51CFEE94E24" authorityName="Moreira et al." authorityYear="2004" baseAuthorityName="Greissmann" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[155,298,1884,1910]" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Neobodonidae" genus="Neobodo" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Bodonida" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="species" species="curvifilus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF96033B83B9E51CFEE94E24" box="[155,298,1884,1910]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">N. curvifilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF96033B821BE51DFDD74E24" box="[313,532,1884,1910]" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Parabodonidae" genus="Parabodo" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Bodonida" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="species" species="caudatu">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF96033B821BE51DFDD74E24" box="[313,532,1884,1910]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Parabodo caudatu</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
s is more plastic and bigger. The anterior flagellum of
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF96033B82DDE5C1FD464ECB" box="[511,645,1919,1945]" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Parabodonidae" genus="Parabodo" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Bodonida" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="species" species="caudatus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF96033B82DDE5C1FD464ECB" box="[511,645,1919,1945]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">P. caudatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
beats with a paddling motion over the cell, while the anterior fla- gellum of
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF96033B8089E345FB84484F" box="[939,1095,259,285]" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Neobodonidae" genus="Neobodo" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Bodonida" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="species" species="curvifillus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF96033B8089E345FB84484F" box="[939,1095,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">N. curvifillus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
makes a movement like that of a beckoning index finger, as reported by
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF96033B861FE366FCB84831" author="Lee W. J. &amp; Brandt S. M. &amp; Vors N. &amp; Patterson D. J." pageId="5" pageNumber="90" pagination="63 - 98" refId="ref10329" refString="Lee W. J., Brandt S. M., Vors N., Patterson D. J. (2003) Darwin's heterotrophic flagellates. Ophelia 57: 63 - 98." type="journal article" year="2003">Lee et al. (2003)</bibRefCitation>
. Furthermore,
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF96033B8708E30BFB714831" box="[1066,1202,329,355]" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Parabodonidae" genus="Parabodo" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Bodonida" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="species" species="caudatus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF96033B8708E30BFB714831" box="[1066,1202,329,355]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">P. caudatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a prominent apical mouth and
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF96033B80F1E32CFBA248D4" authorityName="Moreira et al." authorityYear="2004" baseAuthorityName="Greissmann" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[979,1121,364,390]" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Neobodonidae" genus="Neobodo" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Bodonida" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="species" species="curvifilus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF96033B80F1E32CFBA248D4" box="[979,1121,364,390]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">N. curvifilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also has a visible mouth, not prominent (
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF96033B8091E3CEFBA848FB" author="Lee W. J. &amp; Brandt S. M. &amp; Vors N. &amp; Patterson D. J." box="[947,1131,399,426]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" pagination="63 - 98" refId="ref10329" refString="Lee W. J., Brandt S. M., Vors N., Patterson D. J. (2003) Darwin's heterotrophic flagellates. Ophelia 57: 63 - 98." type="journal article" year="2003">Lee et al. 2003</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF96033B8758E3CEFB7948F8" author="Lee W. J. &amp; Simpson A. G. B. &amp; Patterson D. J." box="[1146,1210,399,426]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" pagination="321 - 350" refId="ref10487" refString="Lee W. J., Simpson A. G. B., Patterson D. J. (2005) Free-living heterotrophic flagellates from freshwater sites in Tasmania (Aus- tralia), a Field Survey. Acta Protozool. 44: 321 - 350." type="journal article" year="2005">2005</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF96033B87EDE3CEFA6C48FB" authorityName="Moreira et al." authorityYear="2004" baseAuthorityName="Greissmann" baseAuthorityYear="1913" box="[1231,1455,399,425]" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Neobodonidae" genus="Neobodo" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Bodonida" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="species" species="curvifilus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF96033B87EDE3CEFA6C48FB" box="[1231,1455,399,425]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Neobodo curvifilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been described in marine sites in
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF96033B87FAE3F3FA96489E" box="[1240,1365,434,460]" name="Antarctica" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Antarctica</collectingCountry>
, Arctic, north Atlantic, northeast Atlantic,
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF96033B879CE394FAEE48BD" box="[1214,1325,469,495]" name="Australia" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Australia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF96033B8619E394FA6848BD" box="[1339,1451,469,495]" name="Denmark" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Denmark</collectingCountry>
, West
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF96033B804DE3B8FC2A4B41" box="[879,1001,505,531]" name="Greenland" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Greenland</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF96033B8709E3B8FB484B41" box="[1067,1163,505,531]" name="Norway" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Norway</collectingCountry>
, with cell lengths ranging from 4 to 12 μm mostly under the name of
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF96033B8653E05DFC554B0B" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Bodonidae" genus="Bodo" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Bodonida" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="species" species="curvifilus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF96033B8653E05DFC554B0B" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Bodo curvifilus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF96033B808BE07EFBBD4B0B" author="Griessmann K." box="[937,1150,575,601]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" pagination="1 - 78" refId="ref9257" refString="Griessmann K. (1913) Uber marine flagellaten. Arch. Protistenkd. 32: 1 - 78." type="journal article" year="1913">Griessmann 1913</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF96033B87ACE07EFA904B0B" author="Throndsen J." box="[1166,1363,575,601]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" pagination="161 - 216" refId="ref11912" refString="Throndsen J. (1969) Flagellates of Norwegian Coastal Waters. Nytt Mag. Bot. 16: 161 - 216." type="journal article" year="1969">Throndsen 1969</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF96033B8640E07EFBC14B2E" author="Turley C. &amp; Carstens M." pageId="5" pageNumber="90" pagination="403 - 413" refId="ref12358" refString="Turley C., Carstens M. (1991) Pressure tolerance of oceanic flagel- lates: implications for remineralization of organic matter. Deep Sea Res. Part A. Oceanogr. Res. Pap. 38: 403 - 413." type="journal article" year="1991">Turley and Carstens 1991</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF96033B872EE022FB564B2E" author="Vors N." box="[1036,1173,610,637]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" pagination="1 - 109" refId="ref12434" refString="Vors N. (1992 a) Heterotrophic amoebae, flagellates and heliozoa from the Tvarminne area, Gulf of Finland, in 1988 - 1990. Ophelia 36: 1 - 109." type="journal article" year="1992">Vørs 1992a</bibRefCitation>
, b;
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF96033B879FE022FA694B2E" author="Patterson D. J. &amp; Nygaard K. &amp; Steinberg G. &amp; Turley C. M." box="[1213,1450,610,637]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" pagination="67 - 95" refId="ref11175" refString="Patterson D. J., Nygaard K., Steinberg G., Turley C. M. (1993) Heterotrophic flagellates and other protists associated with oceanic detritus throughout the water column in the Mid North Atlantic. J. Mar. Biolog. Assoc. U. K. 73: 67 - 95." type="journal article" year="1993">Patterson et al. 1993</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF96033B800BE0C7FC2A4BCD" author="Tong S. M. &amp; Vors N. &amp; Patterson D. J." box="[809,1001,645,672]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" pagination="91 - 106" refId="ref12313" refString="Tong S. M., Vors N., Patterson D. J. (1997) Heterotrophic flagel- lates, centrohelid heliozoa and filose amoebae from marine and freshwater sites in the Antarctic. Polar Biol. 18: 91 - 106." type="journal article" year="1997">Tong et al. 1997</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF96033B80D4E0C7FBAA4BF2" author="Lee W. J." box="[1014,1129,645,672]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" pagination="53 - 76" refId="ref10266" refString="Lee W. J. (2015) Small free-living heterotrophic flagellates from marine sediments of Gippsland Basin, South-Eastern Australia. Acta Protozool. 54: 53 - 76." type="journal article" year="2015">Lee 2015</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
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<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF97033A8074E4C9FBC84FF1" bold="true" box="[854,1035,1672,1699]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">Chelonemonas</emphasis>
sp.
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(
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,
<figureCitation id="BFDB2A6DFF97033A878EE4C9FB0A4FF0" box="[1196,1225,1672,1698]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[132,167,1688,1710]" captionTargetBox="[136,1474,223,1633]" captionTargetId="figure-6@6.[136,1474,223,1633]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 3. (a) Ancyromonas sigmoides, (b) Caecitellus parvulus, (c) Cafeteria roenbergensis, (d) Cantina marsupialis, (e) Chelonemonas sp., (f) Codosiga botrytis, (g) Carpediemonas membranifera, (h) Neobodo curvifilus, (i) Neobodo designis, (j) Neobodo saliens, (k) unidentified protist, (l)-(m) Pleurostomum flabellatum, (n) Rhyncomonas nasuta, (o) Monosiga brevicollis, (p) Salpingoeca marina, (q) Pendulomonas adriperis, (r) Halocafeteria seosinensis. All micrographs are DIC images. Scale bar in (k) represents for all figures." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10994592" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10994592/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="89">3e</figureCitation>
)
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Cells are 57 µm long, dorso-ventrally flattened and flexible. A laterally directed sleeve like protrusion extending anteriorly is 23 µm long and anterior flagellum emerges from the tip of the sleeve and beats in a small angle. The posterior flagellum is slightly longer than the cell length, lying in a groove along the margin of the cell, trailing under the cell and on occasion protruding behind the cell. Cytoplasmic extension like strand occurs posteriorly which may be drawn out behind the cell. The nucleus is located at the anterior left of the cell. Description based on observations of 4 cells. Occurance: July to October at
<collectingRegion id="E524F80AFF96033B82D6E328FDDD48D1" box="[500,542,361,387]" country="Japan" name="Aichi" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Acı</collectingRegion>
Lake, temperature 1823.5 °C, salinity 3754 psu, dissolved oxygen
<quantity id="E0189B0DFF96033B81E3E3CAFF13489A" metricMagnitude="-6" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="4.525" metricValueMax="5.3" metricValueMin="3.75" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" unit="mg" value="4.525" valueMax="5.3" valueMin="3.75">3.75 5.3 mg</quantity>
/L.
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</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6FFA6563FF96033B8381E390FDDD4B25" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="275F36E8FF96033B8381E390FDDD4B25" blockId="5.[125,771,223,631]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF96033B8381E390FEDD48B9" bold="true" box="[163,286,465,491]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Remarks:</emphasis>
The genus
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<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF96033B829AE390FDA548B9" box="[440,614,465,491]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">Chelonemonas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was created by
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF96033B8387E3B5FE464B5D" author="Heiss A. A. &amp; Lee W. J. &amp; Ishida K. I. &amp; Simpson A. G." box="[165,389,500,527]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" pagination="637 - 649" refId="ref9409" refString="Heiss A. A., Lee W. J., Ishida K. I., Simpson A. G. (2015) Cultivation and characterisation of new species of apusomonads (the sister group to opisthokonts), including close relatives of Thecamonas (Chelonemonas n. gen.). J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 62: 637 - 649." type="journal article" year="2015">Heiss et al. (2015)</bibRefCitation>
and consists of 2 nominal species (
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF96033B839FE059FE334B63" box="[189,496,535,562]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="90">
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF96033B839FE059FEFA4B63" authorityName="Heiss, Lee, Ishida &amp; Simpson" authorityYear="2015" box="[189,313,535,562]" genus="Chelonemonas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" rank="species" species="geobuk">C. geobuk</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF96033B8267E059FE334B63" authorityName="Heiss, Lee, Ishida &amp; Simpson" authorityYear="2015" box="[325,496,536,562]" genus="Chelonemonas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" rank="species" species="masanensis">C. masanensis</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
) (see
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF96033B8119E056FCC04B60" author="Heiss A. A. &amp; Lee W. J. &amp; Ishida K. I. &amp; Simpson A. G." box="[571,771,535,562]" pageId="5" pageNumber="90" pagination="637 - 649" refId="ref9409" refString="Heiss A. A., Lee W. J., Ishida K. I., Simpson A. G. (2015) Cultivation and characterisation of new species of apusomonads (the sister group to opisthokonts), including close relatives of Thecamonas (Chelonemonas n. gen.). J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 62: 637 - 649." type="journal article" year="2015">Heiss et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
for more details). These two species can not be distinguished by light microscopy, alone.
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<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A0337806DE0D0FBB44BFE" bold="true" box="[847,1143,657,684]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">Pendulomonas adriperis</emphasis>
Tong 1997
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(
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,
<figureCitation id="BFDB2A6DFF9A0337865AE0D0FA5B4BF9" box="[1400,1432,657,683]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[132,167,1688,1710]" captionTargetBox="[136,1474,223,1633]" captionTargetId="figure-6@6.[136,1474,223,1633]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 3. (a) Ancyromonas sigmoides, (b) Caecitellus parvulus, (c) Cafeteria roenbergensis, (d) Cantina marsupialis, (e) Chelonemonas sp., (f) Codosiga botrytis, (g) Carpediemonas membranifera, (h) Neobodo curvifilus, (i) Neobodo designis, (j) Neobodo saliens, (k) unidentified protist, (l)-(m) Pleurostomum flabellatum, (n) Rhyncomonas nasuta, (o) Monosiga brevicollis, (p) Salpingoeca marina, (q) Pendulomonas adriperis, (r) Halocafeteria seosinensis. All micrographs are DIC images. Scale bar in (k) represents for all figures." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10994592" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10994592/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">3q</figureCitation>
)
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Cells are 49 μm long, ovoid or droplet-shaped, somewhat flexible and not flattened. The cells have two flagella similar in length that emerge subapically. The non-acronematic flagella are slightly longer than the cell. The anterior flagellum projects in front of the body and beats with an asymmetric pattern, and the posterior flagellum trails behind the cell and might be held in a curve or obliquely. Sometimes, the posterior flagellum beats stiffly and rapidly in non-swimming cells. The cells usually swim by slow rotating movements and do not wag. The cells may attach to the substrate by the tip of the trailing flagellum. In attached cells, the cells may wag or tremble rapidly. Description based on observations of 16 cells. Occurance: May to October at
<collectingRegion id="E524F80AFF9A0337800BE6E5FC904DEC" box="[809,851,1188,1214]" country="Japan" name="Aichi" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">Acı</collectingRegion>
Lake, temperature 123.5 °C, salinity 2467.5 psu, dissolved oxygen
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/L.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6FFA6563FF9A0337806DE6A8FB3F4EC8" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="275F36E8FF9A0337806DE6A8FB3F4EC8" blockId="9.[809,1456,700,1946]" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A0337806DE6A8FC094C51" bold="true" box="[847,970,1257,1283]" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">Remarks:</emphasis>
Our observations are consistent with the original description of
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9A0337871CE74CFB204C74" author="Tong S. M." box="[1086,1251,1292,1319]" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" pagination="71 - 131" refId="ref12227" refString="Tong S. M. (1997 c) Heterotrophic flagellates and other protists in Southampton Water, including the description of three new species. Ophelia 47: 71 - 131." type="journal article" year="1997">Tong (1997c)</bibRefCitation>
. The genus
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<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A0337865AE74CFC694C1B" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">Pendulomonas</emphasis>
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resembles the genus
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<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A03378791E76EFAE14C1B" box="[1203,1314,1327,1353]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">Cafeteria</emphasis>
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, but differs by the orientation and beating pattern of the flagella. The genus
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<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A0337809BE734FBA44CDD" box="[953,1127,1397,1423]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">Pendulomonas</emphasis>
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also resembles the genus
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<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A0337800BE7D6FC764CE3" box="[809,949,1431,1457]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">Phyllomitus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in general cell shape, but differs by the two flagella of
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<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A03378090E7FBFBFD4C86" box="[946,1086,1466,1492]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">Phyllomitus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
insert together to an anterior pocket. Flagella of
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9A03378739E79CFB0A4CA5" authorityName="Tong" authorityYear="1997" box="[1051,1225,1501,1527]" family="Placidiaceae" genus="Pendulomonas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" phylum="Bigyra" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A03378739E79CFB0A4CA5" box="[1051,1225,1501,1527]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">Pendulomonas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
emerge separately from a subapical pocket. A morphologically very similar species (
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9A03378097E462FBAB4F6F" box="[949,1128,1571,1597]" family="Placidiaceae" genus="Wobblia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" phylum="Bigyra" rank="species" species="lunata">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A03378097E462FBAB4F6F" box="[949,1128,1571,1597]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">Wobblia lunata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) was reported by
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9A0337861EE462FC5E4F32" author="Moriya M. &amp; Nakayama T. &amp; Inouye I." pageId="9" pageNumber="94" pagination="41 - 55" refId="ref10580" refString="Moriya M., Nakayama T., Inouye I. (2000) Ultrastructure and 18 S rDNA sequence analysis of Wobblia lunata gen. et sp. nov., a new heterotrophic flagellate (Stramenopiles, incertae sedis). Protist. 151: 41 - 55." type="journal article" year="2000">Moriya et al. (2000)</bibRefCitation>
, but they didnt compare with
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9A03378623E407FC564FD1" authorityName="Tong" authorityYear="1997" family="Placidiaceae" genus="Pendulomonas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" phylum="Bigyra" rank="species" species="adriperis">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A03378623E407FC564FD1" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">Pendulomonas adriperis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
despite of the striking similarities in cell shape and length. Therefore,
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9A033787AAE4CAFAFE4FF7" box="[1160,1341,1675,1701]" family="Placidiaceae" genus="Wobblia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" phylum="Bigyra" rank="species" species="lunata">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A033787AAE4CAFAFE4FF7" box="[1160,1341,1675,1701]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">Wobblia lunata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been regarded as the junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9A0337879DE4EFFCA74FB9" authorityName="Tong" authorityYear="1997" family="Placidiaceae" genus="Pendulomonas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" phylum="Bigyra" rank="species" species="adriperis">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A0337879DE4EFFCA74FB9" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">Pendulomonas adriperis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9A03378056E490FB954FB9" author="Karpov S. A. &amp; Sogin M. L. &amp; Silberman J. D." box="[884,1110,1745,1772]" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" pagination="34 - 47" refId="ref9843" refString="Karpov S. A., Sogin M. L., Silberman J. D. (2001) Rootlet homology, taxonomy, and phylogeny of bicosoecids based on 18 S rRNA gene sequences. Protistology 2: 34 - 47." type="journal article" year="2001">Karpov et al. 2001</bibRefCitation>
, Al-Quassab et al. 2002,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9A033786A1E493FC644E5C" author="Lee W. J. &amp; Brandt S. M. &amp; Vors N. &amp; Patterson D. J." pageId="9" pageNumber="94" pagination="63 - 98" refId="ref10329" refString="Lee W. J., Brandt S. M., Vors N., Patterson D. J. (2003) Darwin's heterotrophic flagellates. Ophelia 57: 63 - 98." type="journal article" year="2003">Lee et al. 2003</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9A03378091E4B4FBF64E5D" author="Lee W. J." box="[947,1077,1780,1807]" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" pagination="75 - 95" refId="ref10171" refString="Lee W. J. (2006 b) Some free-living heterotrophic flagellates from marine sediments of tropical Australia. Ocean Sci. J. 41: 75 - 95." type="journal article" year="2006">Lee 2006b</bibRefCitation>
). This species has been reported from
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF9A03378045E556FC154E63" box="[871,982,1815,1841]" name="Australia" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">Australia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF9A033780C2E556FB864E63" box="[992,1093,1815,1841]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">England</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF9A03378772E556FB504E63" box="[1104,1171,1815,1841]" name="Japan" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">Japan</collectingCountry>
(as
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9A033787E0E556FAB74E63" box="[1218,1396,1815,1841]" family="Placidiaceae" genus="Wobblia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" phylum="Bigyra" rank="species" species="lunata">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A033787E0E556FAB74E63" box="[1218,1396,1815,1841]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">Wobblia lunata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and Black Sea (Kazachya Bay) (
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9A0337875BE57BFAC94E06" author="Tong S. M." box="[1145,1290,1850,1876]" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" pagination="71 - 131" refId="ref12227" refString="Tong S. M. (1997 c) Heterotrophic flagellates and other protists in Southampton Water, including the description of three new species. Ophelia 47: 71 - 131." type="journal article" year="1997">
Tong 1997
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9A033787DFE57BFAC94E06" author="Bernard C. &amp; Simpson A. G. B. &amp; Patterson D. J." box="[1277,1290,1850,1876]" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" pagination="113 - 142" refId="ref8573" refString="Bernard C., Simpson A. G. B., Patterson D. J. (2000) Some free-living flagellates (Protista) from anoxic habitats. Ophelia 52: 113 - 142." type="journal article" year="2000">c</bibRefCitation>
</bibRefCitation>
, Lee and Patterson 2000,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9A033780E0E51DFB5D4E25" author="Moriya M. &amp; Nakayama T. &amp; Inouye I." box="[962,1182,1884,1911]" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" pagination="41 - 55" refId="ref10580" refString="Moriya M., Nakayama T., Inouye I. (2000) Ultrastructure and 18 S rDNA sequence analysis of Wobblia lunata gen. et sp. nov., a new heterotrophic flagellate (Stramenopiles, incertae sedis). Protist. 151: 41 - 55." type="journal article" year="2000">Moriya et al. 2000</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9A0337878AE51DFA694E25" author="Al-Qassab S. &amp; Lee W. J. &amp; Murray S. &amp; Simpson A. G. B. &amp; Patterson D. J." box="[1192,1450,1884,1911]" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" pagination="91 - 144" refId="ref8293" refString="Al-Qassab S., Lee W. J., Murray S., Simpson A. G. B., Patterson D. J. (2002) Flagellates from stromatolites and surrounding sediments in Shark Bay, Western Australia. Acta Protozool. 41: 91 - 144." type="journal article" year="2002">Al-Qassab et al. 2002</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9A0337800BE5C1FC6A4ECB" author="Lee W. J." box="[809,937,1919,1946]" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" pagination="75 - 95" refId="ref10171" refString="Lee W. J. (2006 b) Some free-living heterotrophic flagellates from marine sediments of tropical Australia. Ocean Sci. J. 41: 75 - 95." type="journal article" year="2006">Lee 2006b</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9A03378096E5C1FC314EC8" author="Lee W. J." box="[948,1010,1920,1946]" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" pagination="167 - 189" refId="ref10297" refString="Lee W. J. (2019) Small free-living heterotrophic flagellates from marine intertidal sediments of the Sydney region, Australia. Acta Protozool. 58: 167 - 189." type="journal article" year="2019">2019</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9A033780DCE53EFB2C4EC8" author="Prokina K. I. &amp; Mylnikov A. A. &amp; Mylnikov A. P." box="[1022,1263,1919,1946]" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" pagination="143 - 169" refId="ref11454" refString="Prokina K. I., Mylnikov A. A., Mylnikov A. P. (2017 b) Heterotrophic flagellates and centrohelid heliozoa from littoral and supralit- toral zones of the Black Sea (the Southern part of the Crimea). Protistology 11: 143 - 169." type="journal article" year="2017">Prokina et al. 2017b</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
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<treatment id="AF4987FEFF9A03378381E375FEAA4D25" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AF4987FEFF9A03378381E375FEAA4D25" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AF4987FEFF9A03378381E375FEAA4D25" lastPageNumber="94" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">
<subSubSection id="6FFA6563FF9A03378381E375FE5D4B87" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="275F36E8FF9A03378381E375FF354823" blockId="9.[163,771,308,369]" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">
<heading id="7C178184FF9A03378381E375FF354823" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" reason="5">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A03378381E375FF354823" bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9A03378381E375FD7A481C" authority="Park et al. 2006" authorityName="Park" authorityYear="2006" box="[163,697,308,335]" family="Tulamoebidae" genus="Halocafeteria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Bicosoecida" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" rank="species" species="seosinensis">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A03378381E375FE1F481C" bold="true" box="[163,476,308,335]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">Halocafeteria seosinensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9A033782CAE375FD7A481C" author="Park J. S. &amp; Cho B. C. &amp; Simpson A. G. B." box="[488,697,308,335]" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" pagination="493 - 504" refId="ref10869" refString="Park J. S., Cho B. C., Simpson A. G. B. (2006) Halocafeteria seosinensis gen. et sp. nov. (Bicosoecida), a halophilic bacterivorous nanoflagellate isolated from a solar saltern. Extremophiles 10: 493 - 504." type="journal article" year="2006">
Park
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A03378110E374FDB1481D" bold="true" box="[562,626,308,335]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">et al.</emphasis>
2006
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="BFDB2A6DFF9A033781EFE375FF004823" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[132,167,1414,1436]" captionTargetBox="[138,1456,236,1355]" captionTargetId="figure-7@4.[127,1465,223,1363]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. (a) Ancyromonas sigmoides, (b) Neobodo curvifilus, (c) Chelonemonas sp., (d) Carpediemonas membranifera, (e) Caecitellus parvulus, (f) Codosiga botrytis, (g) Cafeteria roenbergensis, (h) Pleurostomum flabellatum, (i) Rhynchomonas nasuta, (j) Salpingoeca marina, (k) Pendulomonas adriperis, (l) Neobodo saliens, (m) unidentified protist, (n) Neobodo designis, (o) Monosiga brevicollis, (p) Halocafeteria seosinensis, (q) Cantina marsupialis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10994590" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10994590/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">Figs 2p</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="BFDB2A6DFF9A033783F2E316FF2E4823" box="[208,237,343,369]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[132,167,1688,1710]" captionTargetBox="[136,1474,223,1633]" captionTargetId="figure-6@6.[136,1474,223,1633]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 3. (a) Ancyromonas sigmoides, (b) Caecitellus parvulus, (c) Cafeteria roenbergensis, (d) Cantina marsupialis, (e) Chelonemonas sp., (f) Codosiga botrytis, (g) Carpediemonas membranifera, (h) Neobodo curvifilus, (i) Neobodo designis, (j) Neobodo saliens, (k) unidentified protist, (l)-(m) Pleurostomum flabellatum, (n) Rhyncomonas nasuta, (o) Monosiga brevicollis, (p) Salpingoeca marina, (q) Pendulomonas adriperis, (r) Halocafeteria seosinensis. All micrographs are DIC images. Scale bar in (k) represents for all figures." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10994592" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10994592/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">3r</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="275F36E8FF9A03378381E3C0FE5D4B87" blockId="9.[125,771,385,1143]" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">
Cells are 57 µm long and somewhat flexible with a shallow depression located laterally. The cells have a hyaline granule located posteriorly. Two flagella are 1.52 times the cell length, and emerge subapically at an acute angle like a small snout like protrusion. The cells swim with both flagella beating. Description based on observations of 6 cells. Occurance: every month with the exception of July and August at Meke Lake, temperature 021 °C, salinity 107.5215 psu, dissolved oxygen
<quantity id="E0189B0DFF9A033783F8E0FBFEBD4B87" box="[218,382,698,725]" metricMagnitude="-6" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="2.715" metricValueMax="5.18" metricValueMin="0.25" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" unit="mg" value="2.715" valueMax="5.18" valueMin="0.25">0.255.18 mg</quantity>
/L.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6FFA6563FF9A03378381E09CFEAA4D25" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="275F36E8FF9A03378381E09CFEAA4D25" blockId="9.[125,771,385,1143]" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A03378381E09CFEDD4BA5" bold="true" box="[163,286,733,759]" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">Remarks:</emphasis>
Our observations are consistent with the description of
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9A0337827EE141FDF54A49" author="Park J. S. &amp; Cho B. C. &amp; Simpson A. G. B." box="[348,566,768,795]" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" pagination="493 - 504" refId="ref10869" refString="Park J. S., Cho B. C., Simpson A. G. B. (2006) Halocafeteria seosinensis gen. et sp. nov. (Bicosoecida), a halophilic bacterivorous nanoflagellate isolated from a solar saltern. Extremophiles 10: 493 - 504." type="journal article" year="2006">Park et al. (2006)</bibRefCitation>
. This species resembles
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A033783C4E162FE7A4A6F" box="[230,441,803,829]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9A033783C4E162FE764A6F" authorityName="Lee and Patterson" authorityYear="1990" baseAuthorityName="Ruinen" baseAuthorityYear="1938" box="[230,437,803,829]" family="Cafeteriaceae" genus="Cafeteria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" phylum="Bigyra" rank="species" species="minuta">Cafeteria minuta</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
However, unlike
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A033781B6E162FDD04A0D" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9A033781B6E162FF124A0D" authorityName="Lee and Patterson" authorityYear="1990" baseAuthorityName="Ruinen" baseAuthorityYear="1938" family="Cafeteriaceae" genus="Cafeteria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" phylum="Bigyra" rank="species" species="minuta">Cafeteria minuta</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9A033783C3E107FDD04A0D" box="[225,531,838,864]" family="Tulamoebidae" genus="Halocafeteria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" rank="species" species="seosinensis">Halocafeteria seosinensis</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
displays a jumping movement. Having this unique jumping movement
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9A0337835FE1CAFE6F4AF7" box="[125,428,907,933]" family="Tulamoebidae" genus="Halocafeteria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" rank="species" species="seosinensis">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A0337835FE1CAFE6F4AF7" box="[125,428,907,933]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">Halocafeteria seosinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
also closely resembles
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9A033781E7E1CAFF134A9A" authorityName="Ehrenberg" authorityYear="1832" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Bodonidae" genus="Bodo" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Bodonida" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="species" species="saltans">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A033781E7E1CAFF134A9A" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">Bodo saltans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but differs from
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9A03378282E1EEFDD74A9A" authorityName="Ehrenberg" authorityYear="1832" box="[416,532,942,968]" class="Kinetoplastea" family="Bodonidae" genus="Bodo" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Bodonida" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" phylum="Euglenozoa" rank="species" species="saltans">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A03378282E1EEFDD74A9A" box="[416,532,942,968]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">B. saltans</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
morphologically by its relatively shorter posterior flagellum. This species was first reported in
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF9A0337824CE1B5FE754D5C" box="[366,438,1012,1038]" name="South Korea" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">Korea</collectingCountry>
with 35 µm size range and later observed in the cultures from
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF9A0337813EE657FD484D62" box="[540,651,1046,1072]" name="Australia" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">Australia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF9A033781B5E656FD134D63" box="[663,720,1047,1073]" name="United States of America" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">USA</collectingCountry>
and in saline environments of
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF9A0337828BE678FE394D01" box="[425,506,1081,1107]" name="Poland" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">Poland</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9A0337812BE678FD004D01" author="Park J. S. &amp; Cho B. C. &amp; Simpson A. G. B." box="[521,707,1081,1108]" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" pagination="493 - 504" refId="ref10869" refString="Park J. S., Cho B. C., Simpson A. G. B. (2006) Halocafeteria seosinensis gen. et sp. nov. (Bicosoecida), a halophilic bacterivorous nanoflagellate isolated from a solar saltern. Extremophiles 10: 493 - 504." type="journal article" year="2006">Park et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9A033781EFE678FE9F4D25" author="Park J. S. &amp; Simpson A. G. B." pageId="9" pageNumber="94" pagination="422 - 437" refId="ref11085" refString="Park J. S., Simpson A. G. B. (2015) Diversity of heterotrophic protists from extremely hypersaline habitats. Protist 166: 422 - 437." type="journal article" year="2015">Park and Simpson 2015</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,192 @@
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<paragraph id="275F36E8FF9A03378381E681FD334D88" blockId="9.[125,772,1216,1946]" box="[163,752,1216,1243]" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">
<heading id="7C178184FF9A03378381E681FD334D88" box="[163,752,1216,1243]" centered="true" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" reason="5">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A03378381E681FD334D88" bold="true" box="[163,752,1216,1243]" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9A03378381E681FE0A4D89" authorityName="Kent" authorityYear="1880" box="[163,457,1216,1243]" class="Glissodiscea" family="Ancyromonadidae" genus="Ancyromonas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" phylum="Sulcozoa" rank="species" species="sigmoides">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A03378381E681FE0A4D89" bold="true" box="[163,457,1216,1243]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">Ancyromonas sigmoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<collectingRegion id="E524F80AFF9A033782F2E681FDCD4D88" box="[464,526,1216,1242]" country="United Kingdom" name="Kent" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">Kent</collectingRegion>
1880 (
<figureCitation id="BFDB2A6DFF9A0337817DE681FD784D88" box="[607,699,1216,1242]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[132,167,1414,1436]" captionTargetBox="[138,1456,236,1355]" captionTargetId="figure-7@4.[127,1465,223,1363]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. (a) Ancyromonas sigmoides, (b) Neobodo curvifilus, (c) Chelonemonas sp., (d) Carpediemonas membranifera, (e) Caecitellus parvulus, (f) Codosiga botrytis, (g) Cafeteria roenbergensis, (h) Pleurostomum flabellatum, (i) Rhynchomonas nasuta, (j) Salpingoeca marina, (k) Pendulomonas adriperis, (l) Neobodo saliens, (m) unidentified protist, (n) Neobodo designis, (o) Monosiga brevicollis, (p) Halocafeteria seosinensis, (q) Cantina marsupialis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10994590" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10994590/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">Figs 2a</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="BFDB2A6DFF9A033781EBE681FD244D88" box="[713,743,1216,1242]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[132,167,1688,1710]" captionTargetBox="[136,1474,223,1633]" captionTargetId="figure-6@6.[136,1474,223,1633]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 3. (a) Ancyromonas sigmoides, (b) Caecitellus parvulus, (c) Cafeteria roenbergensis, (d) Cantina marsupialis, (e) Chelonemonas sp., (f) Codosiga botrytis, (g) Carpediemonas membranifera, (h) Neobodo curvifilus, (i) Neobodo designis, (j) Neobodo saliens, (k) unidentified protist, (l)-(m) Pleurostomum flabellatum, (n) Rhyncomonas nasuta, (o) Monosiga brevicollis, (p) Salpingoeca marina, (q) Pendulomonas adriperis, (r) Halocafeteria seosinensis. All micrographs are DIC images. Scale bar in (k) represents for all figures." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10994592" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10994592/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">3a</figureCitation>
)
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="275F36E8FF9A03378381E6ABFCC74CAA" blockId="9.[125,772,1216,1946]" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">
Cells are 35 µm long, oval shaped and dorsoventrally flattened. The thin anterior flagellum is emerging from an anterior depression and is beating slowly. The non-acronematic trailing posterior flagellum is about 1.5 times the cell length. The cells move by gliding. Description is based on the observations of 19 cells. Occurance: every month at
<collectingRegion id="E524F80AFF9A0337825AE7FAFE614C87" box="[376,418,1467,1493]" country="Japan" name="Aichi" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">Acı</collectingRegion>
Lake, temperature 123.5 °C, salinity 2467.5 psu, dissolved oxygen
<quantity id="E0189B0DFF9A03378160E79FFD274CAA" box="[578,740,1502,1529]" metricMagnitude="-6" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="8.475" metricValueMax="13.2" metricValueMin="3.75" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" unit="mg" value="8.475" valueMax="13.2" valueMin="3.75">3.7513.2 mg</quantity>
/L.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6FFA6563FF9A03378381E440FB764B2B" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="275F36E8FF9A03378381E440FB764B2B" blockId="9.[125,772,1216,1946]" lastBlockId="9.[809,1456,224,634]" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A03378381E440FEDD4F49" bold="true" box="[163,286,1537,1563]" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">Remarks:</emphasis>
Detailed studies of the genus
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9A0337819DE440FF204F6F" authorityName="W.S.Kent" authorityYear="1881" class="Glissodiscea" family="Ancyromonadidae" genus="Ancyromonas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" phylum="Sulcozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A0337819DE440FF204F6F" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">Ancyromonas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were published by two separate groups (
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9A033783A6E407FE0A4F32" author="Cavalier-Smith T. &amp; Chao E. E. &amp; Stechmann A. &amp; Oates B. &amp; Nikolaev S." box="[132,457,1606,1633]" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" pagination="535 - 562" refId="ref8845" refString="Cavalier-Smith T., Chao E. E., Stechmann A., Oates B., Nikolaev S. (2008) Planomonadida ord. nov. (Apusozoa): Ultrastructural affinity with Micronuclearia podoventralis and deep divergences within Planomonas gen. nov. Protist 159: 535 - 562." type="journal article" year="2008">Cavalier-Smith et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9A033782FBE407FD694F32" author="Heiss A. A. &amp; Walker G. &amp; Simpson A. G." box="[473,682,1606,1633]" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" pagination="285 - 293" refId="ref9476" refString="Heiss A. A., Walker G., Simpson A. G. (2010) Clarifying the taxonomic identity of a phylogenetically important group of eukaryotes: Planomonas is a junior synonym of Ancyromonas. J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 57: 285 - 293." type="journal article" year="2010">Heiss et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9A0337819AE407FD354F32" author="Heiss A. A. &amp; Walker G. &amp; Simpson A. G." box="[696,758,1606,1632]" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" pagination="373 - 393" refId="ref9526" refString="Heiss A. A., Walker G., Simpson A. G. (2011) The ultrastructure of Ancyromonas, a eukaryote without supergroup affinities. Protist 162: 373 - 393." type="journal article" year="2011">2011</bibRefCitation>
). According to the work of
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9A0337829DE428FD604FD1" author="Heiss A. A. &amp; Walker G. &amp; Simpson A. G." box="[447,675,1641,1668]" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" pagination="285 - 293" refId="ref9476" refString="Heiss A. A., Walker G., Simpson A. G. (2010) Clarifying the taxonomic identity of a phylogenetically important group of eukaryotes: Planomonas is a junior synonym of Ancyromonas. J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 57: 285 - 293." type="journal article" year="2010">Heiss et al. (2010)</bibRefCitation>
,
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9A03378191E428FDD94FF4" authority="Cavalier-Smith et al. 2008" authorityName="Cavalier-Smith" authorityYear="2008" class="Thecomonadea" family="Planomonadidae" genus="Planomonas" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Planomonadida" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" phylum="Sulcozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A03378191E428FF094FF4" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">Planomonas</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9A033783F4E4CDFDD94FF4" author="Cavalier-Smith T. &amp; Chao E. E. &amp; Stechmann A. &amp; Oates B. &amp; Nikolaev S." box="[214,538,1676,1702]" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" pagination="535 - 562" refId="ref8845" refString="Cavalier-Smith T., Chao E. E., Stechmann A., Oates B., Nikolaev S. (2008) Planomonadida ord. nov. (Apusozoa): Ultrastructural affinity with Micronuclearia podoventralis and deep divergences within Planomonas gen. nov. Protist 159: 535 - 562." type="journal article" year="2008">Cavalier-Smith et al. 2008</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
has been concluded as a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9A033782F7E4EEFDB64F9B" authorityName="W.S.Kent" authorityYear="1881" box="[469,629,1711,1737]" class="Glissodiscea" family="Ancyromonadidae" genus="Ancyromonas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" phylum="Sulcozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A033782F7E4EEFDB64F9B" box="[469,629,1711,1737]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">Ancyromonas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. According to the previous studies (
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9A03378287E490FDB94FBE" author="Heiss A. A. &amp; Walker G. &amp; Simpson A. G." box="[421,634,1745,1772]" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" pagination="285 - 293" refId="ref9476" refString="Heiss A. A., Walker G., Simpson A. G. (2010) Clarifying the taxonomic identity of a phylogenetically important group of eukaryotes: Planomonas is a junior synonym of Ancyromonas. J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 57: 285 - 293." type="journal article" year="2010">Heiss et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9A033781A8E493FD044FBE" author="Heiss A. A. &amp; Walker G. &amp; Simpson A. G." box="[650,711,1746,1772]" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" pagination="373 - 393" refId="ref9526" refString="Heiss A. A., Walker G., Simpson A. G. (2011) The ultrastructure of Ancyromonas, a eukaryote without supergroup affinities. Protist 162: 373 - 393." type="journal article" year="2011">2011</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9A033781F5E493FF7F4E5D" author="Lee W. J." pageId="9" pageNumber="94" pagination="53 - 76" refId="ref10266" refString="Lee W. J. (2015) Small free-living heterotrophic flagellates from marine sediments of Gippsland Basin, South-Eastern Australia. Acta Protozool. 54: 53 - 76." type="journal article" year="2015">Lee 2015</bibRefCitation>
), the genus
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9A03378270E4B4FE314E5D" authorityName="W.S.Kent" authorityYear="1881" box="[338,498,1781,1807]" class="Glissodiscea" family="Ancyromonadidae" genus="Ancyromonas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" phylum="Sulcozoa" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A03378270E4B4FE314E5D" box="[338,498,1781,1807]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">Ancyromonas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
consists of 6 nominal marine (
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9A033783C1E556FEBF4E63" authorityName="Kent" authorityYear="1880" box="[227,380,1815,1841]" class="Glissodiscea" family="Ancyromonadidae" genus="Ancyromonas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" phylum="Sulcozoa" rank="species" species="sigmoides">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A033783C1E556FEBF4E63" box="[227,380,1815,1841]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">A. sigmoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9A033782ACE556FD854E63" box="[398,582,1815,1841]" class="Glissodiscea" family="Ancyromonadidae" genus="Ancyromonas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" phylum="Sulcozoa" rank="species" species="cephalopora">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A033782ACE556FD854E63" box="[398,582,1815,1841]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">A. cephalopora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9A0337817BE556FD3F4E63" box="[601,764,1815,1841]" class="Glissodiscea" family="Ancyromonadidae" genus="Ancyromonas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" phylum="Sulcozoa" rank="species" species="impulusive">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A0337817BE556FD3F4E63" box="[601,764,1815,1841]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">A. impulusive</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9A0337835FE57BFF2A4E06" box="[125,233,1850,1876]" class="Glissodiscea" family="Ancyromonadidae" genus="Ancyromonas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" phylum="Sulcozoa" rank="species" species="melba">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A0337835FE57BFF2A4E06" box="[125,233,1850,1876]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">A. melba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9A033783D8E57BFEB54E06" box="[250,374,1850,1876]" class="Glissodiscea" family="Ancyromonadidae" genus="Ancyromonas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" phylum="Sulcozoa" rank="species" species="sinistra">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A033783D8E57BFEB54E06" box="[250,374,1850,1876]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">A. sinistra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9A033782AAE57BFE334E06" box="[392,496,1850,1876]" class="Glissodiscea" family="Ancyromonadidae" genus="Ancyromonas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" phylum="Sulcozoa" rank="species" species="micra">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A033782AAE57BFE334E06" box="[392,496,1850,1876]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">A. micra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and 2 nominal freshwater (
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9A033783F0E51CFE8C4E25" box="[210,335,1885,1911]" class="Glissodiscea" family="Ancyromonadidae" genus="Ancyromonas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" phylum="Sulcozoa" rank="species" species="howeae">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A033783F0E51CFE8C4E25" box="[210,335,1885,1911]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">A. howeae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9A03378242E51CFE054E25" box="[352,454,1885,1911]" class="Glissodiscea" family="Ancyromonadidae" genus="Ancyromonas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" phylum="Sulcozoa" rank="species" species="limna">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A03378242E51CFE054E25" box="[352,454,1885,1911]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">A. limna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) species. When compared to
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9A033783BFE5C1FE7F4ECB" authorityName="Kent" authorityYear="1880" box="[157,444,1919,1946]" class="Glissodiscea" family="Ancyromonadidae" genus="Ancyromonas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" phylum="Sulcozoa" rank="species" species="sigmoides">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A033783BFE5C1FE7F4ECB" box="[157,444,1919,1946]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">Ancyromonas sigmoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9A033782ECE5C1FDFA4ECB" box="[462,569,1919,1946]" class="Glissodiscea" family="Ancyromonadidae" genus="Ancyromonas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" phylum="Sulcozoa" rank="species" species="melba">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A033782ECE5C1FE234EC8" box="[462,480,1920,1946]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">A</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A033782D3E53EFDFA4ECB" box="[497,569,1919,1945]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">melba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is larger,
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9A03378196E5C1FC9C49A8" box="[692,863,225,1946]" class="Glissodiscea" family="Ancyromonadidae" genus="Ancyromonas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" phylum="Sulcozoa" rank="species" species="sinistra">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A03378196E5C1FC9C49A8" box="[692,863,225,1946]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">A. sinistra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a margin with the presumptive extrusomes and having a flatter cell body.
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9A03378799E342FA6C484F" box="[1211,1455,259,285]" class="Glissodiscea" family="Ancyromonadidae" genus="Ancyromonas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" phylum="Sulcozoa" rank="species" species="micra">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A03378799E342FA6C484F" box="[1211,1455,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">Ancyromonas micra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a thicker anterior flagellum and a bigger rostrum, whereas
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9A033780B4E308FBD44830" box="[918,1047,328,355]" class="Glissodiscea" family="Ancyromonadidae" genus="Ancyromonas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" phylum="Sulcozoa" rank="species" species="howeae">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A033780B4E308FBD44830" box="[918,1047,328,355]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">A. howeae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9A0337877EE308FB054830" box="[1116,1222,328,355]" class="Glissodiscea" family="Ancyromonadidae" genus="Ancyromonas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" phylum="Sulcozoa" rank="species" species="limna">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A0337877EE308FB054830" box="[1116,1222,328,355]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">A. limna</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have a contractile vacuole. As mentioned by
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9A0337874CE32AFAB948D7" author="Aydin E. E. &amp; Lee W. J." box="[1134,1402,363,390]" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" pagination="119 - 137" refId="ref8450" refString="Aydin E. E., Lee W. J. (2012) Free-living heterotrophic flagellates from intertidal sediments of Saros Bay, Aegean Sea (Turkey). Acta Protozool. 51: 119 - 137." type="journal article" year="2012">
<collectingRegion id="E524F80AFF9A0337874CE32AFB7648D7" box="[1134,1205,363,389]" country="Turkey" name="Aydin" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">Aydın</collectingRegion>
and Lee (2012)
</bibRefCitation>
due to their morphological similarities,
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9A033787E6E3CEFA6C48FA" box="[1220,1455,399,425]" class="Glissodiscea" family="Ancyromonadidae" genus="Ancyromonas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" phylum="Sulcozoa" rank="species" species="micra">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A033787E6E3CEFA6C48FA" box="[1220,1455,399,425]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">Ancyromonas micra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
might have been reported elsewhere under the name of
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9A03378069E395FC2748BC" authorityName="Kent" authorityYear="1880" box="[843,996,468,494]" class="Glissodiscea" family="Ancyromonadidae" genus="Ancyromonas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" phylum="Sulcozoa" rank="species" species="sigmoides">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A03378069E395FC2748BC" box="[843,996,468,494]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">A. sigmoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9A033780D7E395FAD648BC" authorityName="Kent" authorityYear="1880" box="[1013,1301,468,494]" class="Glissodiscea" family="Ancyromonadidae" genus="Ancyromonas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" phylum="Sulcozoa" rank="species" species="sigmoides">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A033780D7E395FAD648BC" box="[1013,1301,468,494]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">Ancyromonas sigmoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9A0337800BE3B6FC244B43" authorityName="Larsen &amp; Patterson" authorityYear="1990" box="[809,999,503,529]" genus="Metopion" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" rank="species" species="fluens">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A0337800BE3B6FC244B43" box="[809,999,503,529]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">Metopion fluens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but is distinguished by the anteriorly directed flagellum. In addition, the second flagellum of
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9A0337800BE07CFC574B04" authorityName="Larsen &amp; Patterson" authorityYear="1990" box="[809,916,572,598]" genus="Metopion" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" rank="species" species="fluens">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9A0337800BE07CFC574B04" box="[809,916,572,598]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="94">M. fluens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is thicker and is directed to the rear. This species has a worldwide distribution.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
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<paragraph id="275F36E8FF9B03368388E7F3FDEE4CBD" blockId="8.[132,779,1458,1946]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">
<heading id="7C178184FF9B03368388E7F3FDEE4CBD" fontSize="11" level="2" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" reason="5">
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9B03368388E7F3FE494CBD" authority="(Larsen and Patterson 1990) Yubuki et al. 2015" authorityName="Yubuki et al." authorityYear="2015" baseAuthorityName="Larsen and Patterson" baseAuthorityYear="1990" family="Bicosoecaceae" genus="Cantina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" order="Bicosoecida" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" phylum="Bigyra" rank="species" species="marsupialis">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9B03368388E7F3FCC94C9E" bold="true" box="[170,778,1458,1485]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9B03368388E7F3FE624C9F" bold="true" box="[170,417,1458,1485]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Cantina marsupialis</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B03368292E7F3FCC14C9E" author="Larsen J. &amp; Patterson D. J." box="[432,770,1458,1484]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="801 - 937" refId="ref10069" refString="Larsen J., Patterson D. J. (1990) Some flagellates (Protista) from tropical marine sediments. J. Nat. Hist. 24: 801 - 937." type="journal article" year="1990">Larsen and Patterson 1990</bibRefCitation>
)
</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B03368388E794FE494CBD" author="Yubuki N. &amp; Panek T. &amp; Yabuki A. &amp; Cepicka I. &amp; Takishita K. &amp; Inagaki Y. &amp; Leander B. S." box="[170,394,1493,1520]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="532 - 542" refId="ref12696" refString="Yubuki N., Panek T., Yabuki A., Cepicka I., Takishita K., Inagaki Y., Leander B. S. (2015) Morphological identities of two different marine Stramenopile environmental sequence clades: Bicosoeca kenaiensis (Hilliard, 1971) and Cantina marsupialis (Larsen and Patterson, 1990) gen. nov., comb. nov. J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 62: 532 - 542." type="journal article" year="2015">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9B03368388E794FE494CBD" bold="true" box="[170,394,1493,1520]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">
Yubuki
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9B0336822FE797FE8B4CA2" bold="true" box="[269,328,1493,1520]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">et al.</emphasis>
2015
</emphasis>
</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9B033682B3E794FDEE4CBD" bold="true" box="[401,557,1493,1519]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">
(
<figureCitation id="BFDB2A6DFF9B033682BBE794FE344CBD" box="[409,503,1493,1519]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[132,167,1414,1436]" captionTargetBox="[138,1456,236,1355]" captionTargetId="figure-7@4.[127,1465,223,1363]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. (a) Ancyromonas sigmoides, (b) Neobodo curvifilus, (c) Chelonemonas sp., (d) Carpediemonas membranifera, (e) Caecitellus parvulus, (f) Codosiga botrytis, (g) Cafeteria roenbergensis, (h) Pleurostomum flabellatum, (i) Rhynchomonas nasuta, (j) Salpingoeca marina, (k) Pendulomonas adriperis, (l) Neobodo saliens, (m) unidentified protist, (n) Neobodo designis, (o) Monosiga brevicollis, (p) Halocafeteria seosinensis, (q) Cantina marsupialis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10994590" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10994590/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Figs 2q</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="BFDB2A6DFF9B03368126E794FDE74CBD" box="[516,548,1493,1519]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[132,167,1688,1710]" captionTargetBox="[136,1474,223,1633]" captionTargetId="figure-6@6.[136,1474,223,1633]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 3. (a) Ancyromonas sigmoides, (b) Caecitellus parvulus, (c) Cafeteria roenbergensis, (d) Cantina marsupialis, (e) Chelonemonas sp., (f) Codosiga botrytis, (g) Carpediemonas membranifera, (h) Neobodo curvifilus, (i) Neobodo designis, (j) Neobodo saliens, (k) unidentified protist, (l)-(m) Pleurostomum flabellatum, (n) Rhyncomonas nasuta, (o) Monosiga brevicollis, (p) Salpingoeca marina, (q) Pendulomonas adriperis, (r) Halocafeteria seosinensis. All micrographs are DIC images. Scale bar in (k) represents for all figures." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10994592" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10994592/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">3d</figureCitation>
)
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<paragraph id="275F36E8FF9B03368388E441FE394ECB" blockId="8.[132,779,1458,1946]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">
Cells are 78 μm long, 65 μm wide and D-shaped. The anterior flagellum is 1.52 times the cell length and directed normal to a deep ventral groove. The posterior flagellum lies in the ventral groove and is slightly longer than the cell. The cells attach to the substrate via the tip of the posterior flagellum. A single nucleus with a rounded nucleolus lies just below the insertion of the flagella. The cell body may or may not include many sometimes large food vacuoles. Description based on observations of 18 cells. Occurance: every month at
<collectingRegion id="E524F80AFF9B033681C2E57BFCC94E06" box="[736,778,1850,1876]" country="Japan" name="Aichi" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Acı</collectingRegion>
Lake, temperature 123.5 °C, salinity 2467.5 psu, dissolved oxygen
<quantity id="E0189B0DFF9B03368214E53EFE194ECB" box="[310,474,1919,1946]" metricMagnitude="-6" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="8.475" metricValueMax="13.2" metricValueMin="3.75" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" unit="mg" value="8.475" valueMax="13.2" valueMin="3.75">3.7513.2 mg</quantity>
/L.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6FFA6563FF9B03368074E29EFC634A18" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="275F36E8FF9B03368074E29EFC634A18" blockId="8.[816,1463,223,842]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9B03368074E29EFC1149AB" bold="true" box="[854,978,223,249]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Remarks:</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B033680FBE29EFB0649A8" author="Yubuki N. &amp; Panek T. &amp; Yabuki A. &amp; Cepicka I. &amp; Takishita K. &amp; Inagaki Y. &amp; Leander B. S." box="[985,1221,223,250]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="532 - 542" refId="ref12696" refString="Yubuki N., Panek T., Yabuki A., Cepicka I., Takishita K., Inagaki Y., Leander B. S. (2015) Morphological identities of two different marine Stramenopile environmental sequence clades: Bicosoeca kenaiensis (Hilliard, 1971) and Cantina marsupialis (Larsen and Patterson, 1990) gen. nov., comb. nov. J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 62: 532 - 542." type="journal article" year="2015">Yubuki et al. (2015)</bibRefCitation>
carried out an ultrastructural and molecular study which demonstrates that
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9B03368012E364FBF1486D" box="[816,1074,293,319]" family="Cafeteriaceae" genus="Cafeteria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" phylum="Bigyra" rank="species" species="marsupialis">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9B03368012E364FBF1486D" box="[816,1074,293,319]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Cafeteria marsupialis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
should be re-named at the genus level since it is not in the same clade with the species of the genus
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9B033680E9E32BFBF948D6" authorityName="T.Fenchel &amp; D.J.Patterson" authorityYear="1988" box="[971,1082,362,388]" family="Cafeteriaceae" genus="Cafeteria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" phylum="Bigyra" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9B033680E9E32BFBF948D6" box="[971,1082,362,388]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Cafeteria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Thus, they established the new genus
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9B03368059E3CFFC1948FA" authorityName="T.Panek, A.Yabuki, I.Cepicka, K.Takishita, Y.Inagaki &amp; B.S.Leander" authorityYear="2015" box="[891,986,398,424]" family="Bicosoecaceae" genus="Cantina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" phylum="Bigyra" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9B03368059E3CFFC1948FA" box="[891,986,398,424]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Cantina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with the
<typeStatus id="F85B884AFF9B03368767E3CFFBBB48FA" box="[1093,1144,398,424]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">type</typeStatus>
species
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9B033687FBE3CFFC8F4898" authorityName="Yubuki et al." authorityYear="2015" baseAuthorityName="Larsen and Patterson" baseAuthorityYear="1990" family="Bicosoecaceae" genus="Cantina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" phylum="Bigyra" rank="species" species="marsupialis">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9B033687FBE3CFFC8F4898" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Cantina marsupialis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The genus
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9B033680C6E3F1FB804898" authorityName="T.Panek, A.Yabuki, I.Cepicka, K.Takishita, Y.Inagaki &amp; B.S.Leander" authorityYear="2015" box="[996,1091,432,458]" family="Bicosoecaceae" genus="Cantina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" phylum="Bigyra" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9B033680C6E3F1FB804898" box="[996,1091,432,458]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Cantina</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9B033687EFE3F1FAFF4898" authorityName="T.Fenchel &amp; D.J.Patterson" authorityYear="1988" box="[1229,1340,432,458]" family="Cafeteriaceae" genus="Cafeteria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" phylum="Bigyra" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9B033687EFE3F1FAFF4898" box="[1229,1340,432,458]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Cafeteria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having a D-shaped cell body, an anterior flagellum drawing water towards the cell body and a posterior flagellum adhering to the substrate by its tip, but differs from
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9B033686A1E058FCB74B07" authorityName="T.Fenchel &amp; D.J.Patterson" authorityYear="1988" family="Cafeteriaceae" genus="Cafeteria" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" phylum="Bigyra" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9B033686A1E058FCB74B07" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Cafeteria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having a large ventral groove and a posteriorly curved food ingestion region.
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9B033687E5E01EFA744B2A" authorityName="Yubuki et al." authorityYear="2015" baseAuthorityName="Larsen and Patterson" baseAuthorityYear="1990" box="[1223,1463,606,633]" family="Bicosoecaceae" genus="Cantina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Chromista" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" phylum="Bigyra" rank="species" species="marsupialis">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9B033687E5E01EFA744B2A" box="[1223,1463,606,633]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Cantina marsupialis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was reported in
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF9B033680CFE0C0FB9F4BC9" box="[1005,1116,641,667]" name="Australia" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Australia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF9B0336874AE0C0FB704BC9" box="[1128,1203,641,667]" name="Brazil" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Brazil</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF9B0336879DE0C0FA4B4BC9" box="[1215,1416,641,667]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">United Kingdom</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF9B033686B6E0C3FC9E4BED" name="Japan" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Japan</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF9B0336804FE0E5FC064BEC" box="[877,965,676,702]" name="Canada" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Canada</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF9B03368727E0E5FB8B4BEC" box="[1029,1096,676,702]" name="Russia" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Rusia</collectingCountry>
(White Sea) (
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B033687D4E0E5FC7E4BB3" author="Larsen J. &amp; Patterson D. J." pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="801 - 937" refId="ref10069" refString="Larsen J., Patterson D. J. (1990) Some flagellates (Protista) from tropical marine sediments. J. Nat. Hist. 24: 801 - 937." type="journal article" year="1990">Larsen and Patterson 1990</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B033680E8E086FB764BB3" author="Ekebom J. &amp; Patterson D. J. &amp; Vors N." box="[970,1205,711,737]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="251 - 272" refId="ref9038" refString="Ekebom J., Patterson D. J., Vors N. (1996) Heterotrphic flagellates from coral reef sediments (Great Barrier Reef, Australia). Arch. Protistenkd. 146: 251 - 272." type="journal article" year="1996">Ekebom et al. 1996</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B033687E3E086FA924BB3" author="Tong S. M." box="[1217,1361,711,737]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="517 - 536" refId="ref12194" refString="Tong S. M. (1997 b) Heterotrophic flagellates from the water col- umn in Shark Bay, Western Australia. Mar. Biol. 128: 517 - 536." type="journal article" year="1997">Tong 1997b</bibRefCitation>
, c;
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B03368659E086FC764A56" author="Tong S. M. &amp; Vors N. &amp; Patterson D. J." pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="91 - 106" refId="ref12313" refString="Tong S. M., Vors N., Patterson D. J. (1997) Heterotrophic flagel- lates, centrohelid heliozoa and filose amoebae from marine and freshwater sites in the Antarctic. Polar Biol. 18: 91 - 106." type="journal article" year="1997">Tong et al. 1997</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B033680E7E0ABFB254A56" author="Lee W. J. &amp; Patterson D. J." box="[965,1254,746,772]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="229 - 244" refId="ref10364" refString="Lee W. J., Patterson D. J. (1998) Diversity and geographic distribution of free-living heterotrophic flagellates - analysis by Primer. Protist. 149: 229 - 244." type="journal article" year="1998">Lee and Patterson 1998</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B033687D4E0ABFA714A56" author="Lee W. J. &amp; Brandt S. M. &amp; Vors N. &amp; Patterson D. J." box="[1270,1458,746,772]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="63 - 98" refId="ref10329" refString="Lee W. J., Brandt S. M., Vors N., Patterson D. J. (2003) Darwin's heterotrophic flagellates. Ophelia 57: 63 - 98." type="journal article" year="2003">Lee et al. 2003</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B03368012E14CFC704A74" author="Lee W. J." box="[816,947,780,807]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="75 - 95" refId="ref10171" refString="Lee W. J. (2006 b) Some free-living heterotrophic flagellates from marine sediments of tropical Australia. Ocean Sci. J. 41: 75 - 95." type="journal article" year="2006">Lee 2006b</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B033680E3E14CFC3C4A75" author="Lee W. J." box="[961,1023,781,807]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="167 - 189" refId="ref10297" refString="Lee W. J. (2019) Small free-living heterotrophic flagellates from marine intertidal sediments of the Sydney region, Australia. Acta Protozool. 58: 167 - 189." type="journal article" year="2019">2019</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B0336872FE14DFAF54A74" author="Tikhonenkov D. V. &amp; Mazei Y. A. &amp; Mylnikov A. P." box="[1037,1334,780,807]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="191 - 200" refId="ref11989" refString="Tikhonenkov D. V., Mazei Y. A., Mylnikov A. P. (2006) Species diversity of heterotrophic flagellates in White Sea littoral sites. Eur. J. Protistol. 42: 191 - 200." type="journal article" year="2006">Tikhonenkov et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B03368661E14DFC574A18" author="Yubuki N. &amp; Panek T. &amp; Yabuki A. &amp; Cepicka I. &amp; Takishita K. &amp; Inagaki Y. &amp; Leander B. S." pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="532 - 542" refId="ref12696" refString="Yubuki N., Panek T., Yabuki A., Cepicka I., Takishita K., Inagaki Y., Leander B. S. (2015) Morphological identities of two different marine Stramenopile environmental sequence clades: Bicosoeca kenaiensis (Hilliard, 1971) and Cantina marsupialis (Larsen and Patterson, 1990) gen. nov., comb. nov. J. Eukaryot. Microbiol. 62: 532 - 542." type="journal article" year="2015">Yubuki et al. 2015</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

View file

@ -0,0 +1,131 @@
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<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9B03368074E120FA444ACC" bold="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9B03368074E120FB254ACC" authority="(Larsen and Patterson 1990) Ekebom et al. 1996" authorityName="Ekebom et al." authorityYear="1996" baseAuthorityName="Larsen and Patterson" baseAuthorityYear="1990" class="Carpomonadea" family="Carpediemonadidae" genus="Carpediemonas" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Carpediemonadida" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" phylum="Metamonada" rank="species" species="membranifera">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9B03368074E120FB0E4A2E" bold="true" box="[854,1229,865,892]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Carpediemonas membranifera</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B033687C3E120FC2B4ACC" author="Larsen J. &amp; Patterson D. J." pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="801 - 937" refId="ref10069" refString="Larsen J., Patterson D. J. (1990) Some flagellates (Protista) from tropical marine sediments. J. Nat. Hist. 24: 801 - 937." type="journal article" year="1990">Larsen and Patterson 1990</bibRefCitation>
)
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B033680D5E1C4FB254ACC" author="Ekebom J. &amp; Patterson D. J. &amp; Vors N." box="[1015,1254,900,927]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="251 - 272" refId="ref9038" refString="Ekebom J., Patterson D. J., Vors N. (1996) Heterotrphic flagellates from coral reef sediments (Great Barrier Reef, Australia). Arch. Protistenkd. 146: 251 - 272." type="journal article" year="1996">Ekebom et al. 1996</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation id="BFDB2A6DFF9B033687D7E1C5FA914ACC" box="[1269,1362,900,926]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="4.[132,167,1414,1436]" captionTargetBox="[138,1456,236,1355]" captionTargetId="figure-7@4.[127,1465,223,1363]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="Fig. 2. (a) Ancyromonas sigmoides, (b) Neobodo curvifilus, (c) Chelonemonas sp., (d) Carpediemonas membranifera, (e) Caecitellus parvulus, (f) Codosiga botrytis, (g) Cafeteria roenbergensis, (h) Pleurostomum flabellatum, (i) Rhynchomonas nasuta, (j) Salpingoeca marina, (k) Pendulomonas adriperis, (l) Neobodo saliens, (m) unidentified protist, (n) Neobodo designis, (o) Monosiga brevicollis, (p) Halocafeteria seosinensis, (q) Cantina marsupialis." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10994590" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10994590/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Figs 2d</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="BFDB2A6DFF9B03368642E1C5FABD4ACC" box="[1376,1406,900,926]" captionStart="Fig" captionStartId="6.[132,167,1688,1710]" captionTargetBox="[136,1474,223,1633]" captionTargetId="figure-6@6.[136,1474,223,1633]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="Fig. 3. (a) Ancyromonas sigmoides, (b) Caecitellus parvulus, (c) Cafeteria roenbergensis, (d) Cantina marsupialis, (e) Chelonemonas sp., (f) Codosiga botrytis, (g) Carpediemonas membranifera, (h) Neobodo curvifilus, (i) Neobodo designis, (j) Neobodo saliens, (k) unidentified protist, (l)-(m) Pleurostomum flabellatum, (n) Rhyncomonas nasuta, (o) Monosiga brevicollis, (p) Salpingoeca marina, (q) Pendulomonas adriperis, (r) Halocafeteria seosinensis. All micrographs are DIC images. Scale bar in (k) represents for all figures." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10994592" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10994592/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">
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<paragraph id="275F36E8FF9B03368074E1EEFC374C77" blockId="8.[816,1463,943,1945]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">
Cells are 67.5 μm long and elliptical with a longi- tudinal ventral groove extending to the posterior end of the cell. Two flagella unequal in length are emerg- ing anteriorly; the anterior flagellum bent over back- wards is as long as the cell and beating stiffly. The acronematic posterior flagellum is 2.54 times the cell length, beating actively and usually lying in the depression. Description is based on the observations of 7 cells. Occurance: every month at
<collectingRegion id="E524F80AFF9B033687F0E687FB3F4DB2" box="[1234,1276,1222,1248]" country="Japan" name="Aichi" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Acı</collectingRegion>
Lake, tempera- ture 123.5 °C, salinity 2467.5 psu, dissolved oxygen
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/L.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6FFA6563FF9B03378074E76FFE6F484F" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="94" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="275F36E8FF9B03378074E76FFE6F484F" blockId="8.[816,1463,943,1945]" lastBlockId="9.[125,772,223,285]" lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="94" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9B03368074E76FFC114C1A" bold="true" box="[854,978,1326,1352]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Remarks:</emphasis>
The species was first described as
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9B0336864AE76EFB824C39" family="Percolomonadidae" genus="Percolomonas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Protozoa" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="membranifera">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9B0336864AE76EFB824C39" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Percolomonas membranifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B0336874EE713FA754C39" author="Larsen J. &amp; Patterson D. J." box="[1132,1462,1361,1388]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="801 - 937" refId="ref10069" refString="Larsen J., Patterson D. J. (1990) Some flagellates (Protista) from tropical marine sediments. J. Nat. Hist. 24: 801 - 937." type="journal article" year="1990">Larsen and Patterson (1990)</bibRefCitation>
but later renamed as
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9B03368708E735FB274CDC" authorityName="Ekebom, Patterson &amp; Vors" authorityYear="1996" box="[1066,1252,1396,1422]" class="Carpomonadea" family="Carpediemonadidae" genus="Carpediemonas" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Carpediemonadida" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" phylum="Metamonada" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9B03368708E735FB274CDC" box="[1066,1252,1396,1422]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Carpediemonas</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B03368630E735FCBD4CE0" author="Ekebom J. &amp; Patterson D. J. &amp; Vors N." pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="251 - 272" refId="ref9038" refString="Ekebom J., Patterson D. J., Vors N. (1996) Heterotrphic flagellates from coral reef sediments (Great Barrier Reef, Australia). Arch. Protistenkd. 146: 251 - 272." type="journal article" year="1996">Ekebom et al. (1996)</bibRefCitation>
since non-dividing cells of this species were observed with two flagella. Our observations are con- sistent with the description of
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B03368788E79DFA704CA5" author="Ekebom J. &amp; Patterson D. J. &amp; Vors N." box="[1194,1459,1500,1527]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="251 - 272" refId="ref9038" refString="Ekebom J., Patterson D. J., Vors N. (1996) Heterotrphic flagellates from coral reef sediments (Great Barrier Reef, Australia). Arch. Protistenkd. 146: 251 - 272." type="journal article" year="1996">Ekebom et al. (1996)</bibRefCitation>
. It has a relatively long posterior flagellum, moves by skidding with the anterior flagellum beating in a pad- dling motion. This species is distinguished from
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9B033686A1E407FA424FD0" authority="(Ruinen 1938) Kolisko et al. 2010" authorityName="Kolisko" authorityYear="2010" baseAuthorityName="Ruinen" baseAuthorityYear="1938" genus="Kipferlia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" rank="species" species="bialata">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9B033686A1E407FC0C4FD0" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Kipferlia bialata</emphasis>
(Ruinen 1938) Kolisko et al. 2010
</taxonomicName>
and from
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9B03368052E4CAFAB34FF7" authority="(Park et al. 2010)" baseAuthorityName="Park" baseAuthorityYear="2010" box="[880,1392,1675,1701]" class="Carpomonadea" family="Carpediemonadidae" genus="Ergobibamus" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Carpediemonadida" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" phylum="Metamonada" rank="species" species="cyprinoides">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9B03368052E4CAFB5D4FF7" box="[880,1182,1675,1701]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Ergobibamus cyprinoides</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B0336878EE4CAFAA44FF7" author="Park J. S. &amp; Simpson A. G. B." box="[1196,1383,1675,1701]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="1173 - 1184" refId="ref10988" refString="Park J. S., Simpson A. G. B. (2010) Characterization of halotolerant Bicosoecida and Placididea (Stramenopila) that are distinct from marine forms, and the phylogenetic pattern of salinity preference in hetertrophic stramenopiles. Environm. Microbiol. 12: 1173 - 1184." type="journal article" year="2010">Park et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
by its smaller size, by the absence of the moving membrane and relatively longer posterior flagellum.
<taxonomicName id="E0E04D6BFF9B03368662E491FBF14E5F" authorityName="Ekebom et al." authorityYear="1996" baseAuthorityName="Larsen and Patterson" baseAuthorityYear="1990" class="Carpomonadea" family="Carpediemonadidae" genus="Carpediemonas" kingdom="Protozoa" order="Carpediemonadida" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" phylum="Metamonada" rank="species" species="membranifera">
<emphasis id="1594EAFAFF9B03368662E491FBF14E5F" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Carpediemonas membranifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been described in marine sites of
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF9B033680A9E557FC394E62" box="[907,1018,1814,1840]" name="Australia" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Australia</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF9B03368724E557FB924E62" box="[1030,1105,1814,1840]" name="Brazil" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Brazil</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF9B0336877FE556FB664E63" box="[1117,1189,1815,1841]" name="South Korea" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Korea</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="5FF77678FF9B033687FDE557FAE14E62" box="[1247,1314,1814,1840]" name="Russia" pageId="8" pageNumber="93">Rusia</collectingCountry>
(White Sea) with the previously reported size range from 3 to 9 µm (
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B0336801AE51DFBB04E24" author="Larsen J. &amp; Patterson D. J." box="[824,1139,1884,1910]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="801 - 937" refId="ref10069" refString="Larsen J., Patterson D. J. (1990) Some flagellates (Protista) from tropical marine sediments. J. Nat. Hist. 24: 801 - 937." type="journal article" year="1990">Larsen and Patterson 1990</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B0336875CE51DFAA04E24" author="Ekebom J. &amp; Patterson D. J. &amp; Vors N." box="[1150,1379,1884,1910]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="251 - 272" refId="ref9038" refString="Ekebom J., Patterson D. J., Vors N. (1996) Heterotrphic flagellates from coral reef sediments (Great Barrier Reef, Australia). Arch. Protistenkd. 146: 251 - 272." type="journal article" year="1996">Ekebom et al. 1996</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B0336864DE51DFB8F4ECB" author="Simpson A. G. B. &amp; Patterson D. J." pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="353 - 370" refId="ref11705" refString="Simpson A. G. B., Patterson D. J. (1999) The ultrastructure of Carpediemonas membranifera (Eukaryota) with reference to the &quot; Excavate hypothesis &quot;. Eur. J. Protistol. 35: 353 - 370." type="journal article" year="1999">Simpson and Patterson 1999</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B03368779E53EFA8B4ECB" author="Bernard C. &amp; Simpson A. G. B. &amp; Patterson D. J." box="[1115,1352,1919,1945]" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="113 - 142" refId="ref8573" refString="Bernard C., Simpson A. G. B., Patterson D. J. (2000) Some free-living flagellates (Protista) from anoxic habitats. Ophelia 52: 113 - 142." type="journal article" year="2000">Bernard et al. 2000</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9B03378674E53EFEEC49AB" author="Patterson D. J. &amp; Lee W. J." lastPageId="9" lastPageNumber="94" pageId="8" pageNumber="93" pagination="267 - 287" refId="ref11234" refString="Patterson D. J., Lee W. J. (2000) Geographic distribution and diversity of free-living heterotrophic flagellates. In: The flagellates: unity, diversity and evolution, (Eds. B. S. C. Leadbeater, J. C. Green). Taylor and Francis, London and New York, 267 - 287." type="book chapter" year="2000">Lee and Patterson 2000</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9A0337821AE29EFDFA49AB" author="Al-Qassab S. &amp; Lee W. J. &amp; Murray S. &amp; Simpson A. G. B. &amp; Patterson D. J." box="[312,569,223,250]" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" pagination="91 - 144" refId="ref8293" refString="Al-Qassab S., Lee W. J., Murray S., Simpson A. G. B., Patterson D. J. (2002) Flagellates from stromatolites and surrounding sediments in Shark Bay, Western Australia. Acta Protozool. 41: 91 - 144." type="journal article" year="2002">Al-Qassab et al. 2002</bibRefCitation>
; Lee 2002, 2019;
<bibRefCitation id="43714B19FF9A0337835FE343FE63484F" author="Tikhonenkov D. V. &amp; Mazei Y. A. &amp; Mylnikov A. P." box="[125,416,258,285]" pageId="9" pageNumber="94" pagination="191 - 200" refId="ref11989" refString="Tikhonenkov D. V., Mazei Y. A., Mylnikov A. P. (2006) Species diversity of heterotrophic flagellates in White Sea littoral sites. Eur. J. Protistol. 42: 191 - 200." type="journal article" year="2006">Tikhonenkov et al. 2006</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<taxonomicName id="5335F93FA296F7EDA4E67815EDB9F0F0" ID-CoL="HVDQ" ID-ENA="2881577" authority="Holmgren, 1860" authorityName="Holmgren" authorityYear="1860" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Astiphromma" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Astiphromma anale" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anale">Astiphromma anale (Holmgren, 1860)</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicName id="15F8FF0DD0170C0F3E8D2410A8147D1B" class="Insecta" family="Ichneumonidae" genus="Mesochorus" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mesochorus analis" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="analis">Mesochorus analis</taxonomicName>
Holmgren, 1860
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<paragraph id="9C98C9277FFF338A0BD924B3FCF5CD1D" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042">England, Scotland</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="094BB8FEBFD171C0900A37FD2EDECEF7" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" type="notes">
<paragraph id="EB919153057BC3C5B5D293AE70454799" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042">Notes</paragraph>
<paragraph id="262CA456EA585586C3B6919E63332A9A" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042">
added by
<bibRefCitation id="A9969B4DD51E607FF04E6A33DC0DAFC9" author="Riedel, M." journalOrPublisher="Spixiana" pageId="0" pageNumber="9042" pagination="85 - 132" title="Revision of the European species of the genus Astiphromma Foerster, 1869" volume="38" year="2015">Riedel (2015)</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.88.12891" ID-PMC="PMC5672133" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-88-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FF96FFA8FFCD17717013D224FF85FF9F" ID-PubMed="29118645" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1138043" ModsDocID="1314-2003-88-1" checkinTime="1507734418711" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Wood, John R. I., Munoz-Rodriguez, Pablo, Degen, Rosa &amp; Scotland, Robert W." docDate="2017" docId="AF49D772E46D55CD9DF713D197AA71A6" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 88: 1-38" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 88" docPubDate="2017-10-11" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.88.12891" docTitle="Ipomoea dasycarpa J. R. I. Wood &amp; Scotland 2017, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="FF96FFA8FFCD17717013D224FF85FF9F" lastPageNumber="10" masterDocId="FF96FFA8FFCD17717013D224FF85FF9F" masterDocTitle="New species of Ipomoea (Convolvulaceae) from South America" masterLastPageNumber="38" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="10" updateTime="1668142099483" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>New species of Ipomoea (Convolvulaceae) from South America</mods:title>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Wood, John R. I.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX 1 3 RB, UK &amp; Honorary Research Associate, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, TW 9 3 AB, UK</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">jriwood@hotmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Munoz-Rodriguez, Pablo</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX 1 3 RB, UK</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Degen, Rosa</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Facultad de Ciencias Quimicas, Departamento de Botanica, Universidad Nacional de Asuncion, Herbario FCQ, Casilla de Correo Campus UNA, 11001 - 3291, Paraguay</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Scotland, Robert W.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Plant Sciences, University of Oxford, South Parks Road, Oxford, OX 1 3 RB, UK</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182225733" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AF49D772E46D55CD9DF713D197AA71A6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/AF49D772E46D55CD9DF713D197AA71A6" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<taxonomicName LSID="AF49D772-E46D-55CD-9DF7-13D197AA71A6" authority="J. R. I. Wood &amp; Scotland" authorityName="J. R. I. Wood &amp; Scotland" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Ipomoea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ipomoea dasycarpa" order="Solanales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dasycarpa" status="sp. nov.">
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dasycarpa J.R.I.Wood &amp; Scotland
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="9" pageNumber="10">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Ipomoea dasycarpa. A habit B leaves and stem C adaxial leaf surface D abaxial leaf surface E outer sepal F inner sepal G fruiting inflorescence with fallen bracteoles H apex of capsule J seed. Drawn by Rosemary Wise: A-D from J. R. Pirani et al. 1715, E-F, H, J from H. S. Irwin et al. 32875, G from H. S. Irwin et al. 24946." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.88.12891.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/160688" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figure 6</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<taxonomicName authorityName="J. R. I. Wood &amp; Scotland" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Ipomoea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ipomoea dasycarpa" order="Solanales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dasycarpa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Ipomoea dasycarpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is close to
<taxonomicName lsidName="I. verbasciformis" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species" species="verbasciformis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">I. verbasciformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(Meisn.)
<normalizedToken originalValue="ODonell">O'Donell</normalizedToken>
but is distinguished by the larger dimensions of the leaves (2.5-11
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1-3.5 cm, not 3-5.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1-2.5 cm), bracteoles (15-20, not 5-12 mm long) and sepals (14-18
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
5-8, not 10-12
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
5 mm), by the strongly mucronate leaves, acuminate, submucronate (not obtuse) sepals and the comose (not glabrous) ovary.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="1138075" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.88.12891.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/160688" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" start="Figure 6" startId="F6">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figure 6.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="J. R. I. Wood &amp; Scotland" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Ipomoea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ipomoea dasycarpa" order="Solanales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dasycarpa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Ipomoea dasycarpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A</emphasis>
habit
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">B</emphasis>
leaves and stem
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">C</emphasis>
adaxial leaf surface
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">D</emphasis>
abaxial leaf surface
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">E</emphasis>
outer sepal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">F</emphasis>
inner sepal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G</emphasis>
fruiting inflorescence with fallen bracteoles
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">H</emphasis>
apex of capsule
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">J</emphasis>
seed. Drawn by Rosemary Wise:
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">A-D</emphasis>
from
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">J.R. Pirani et al.</emphasis>
1715,
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">E-F, H, J</emphasis>
from
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">H.S. Irwin et al.</emphasis>
32875,
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">G</emphasis>
from
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">H.S. Irwin et al.</emphasis>
24946.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2017-01-01" collectingDateMax="2017-12-31" collectingDateMin="2017-01-01" collectorName="P. N. Chapada dos Veadeiros, J. R. Pirani, R. M. Harley, B. L. Stannard, A. Furlan, C. Kameyama" country="BRAZIL" elevation="1100" location="Goias" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Goias" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry name="Brazil">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Goiás">
<collectingRegion country="Brazil" name="Goias">Goias</collectingRegion>
</normalizedToken>
,
<collectorName>P.N. Chapada dos Veadeiros</collectorName>
, ca.
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" unit="m" value="1100.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" unit="m" value="1100.0">1100 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, perto da sede do parque,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<collectorName>J.R. Pirani</collectorName>
,
<collectorName>R.M. Harley</collectorName>
,
<collectorName>B.L. Stannard</collectorName>
,
<collectorName>A. Furlan</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName>C. Kameyama</collectorName>
</emphasis>
1715 (
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
SPF, isotype K000944456)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
Erect perennial subshrub to 1 m, rootstock unknown, presumably a xylopodium, stem densely tomentose with white hairs. Leaves very shortly petiolate, 2.5-11
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1-3.5 cm, oblong to narrowly-oblong-elliptic, margin entire, base cuneate, apex acute, mucronate, the mucro 1.5-2 mm long, often bent, adaxially green, tomentose, abaxially whitish, tomentose, veins prominent; petioles 2-5 mm, tomentose. Inflorescence terminal formed of shortly pedunculate, 3-flowered cymes arising in the axils of the reduced uppermost leaves; peduncles 1-5.5 cm, grey-tomentose; lower bracteoles 15-20
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
4-7 mm, foliose, elliptic, acuminate to a fine point and
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
mucronate, tomentose, persistent; upper bracteoles similar, but slightly smaller; pedicels 0-11 mm, tomentose; sepals subequal, outer 15-18
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
6-8 mm, ovate, acuminate, submucronate, tomentose, inner 14-15
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
5-7 mm, tomentose with broad glabrous margins; corolla 4.5-5 cm, funnel-shaped, pink, tomentose in bud, limb c. 4 cm diameter, entire. Capsule 9
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
5 mm, ovoid, muticous, comose with shaggy, somewhat deciduous hairs; seeds 6
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
3 mm, glabrous apart from the fine white marginal hairs c. 5-6 mm long.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Distribution and habitat.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
BRAZIL. Endemic to relatively high altitudes between 1000 and 1250 m in the Chapada dos Veadeiros in
<normalizedToken originalValue="Goiás">Goias</normalizedToken>
, apparently growing in rocky cerrado. Figure
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Map of Eastern Brazil and Paraguay showing distribution of Ipomoea attenuata (▲), I. dasycarpa (■) and I. dolichopoda (✖)." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.88.12891.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/160683" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">2</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="additional collections seen">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Additional collections seen.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Goiás">Goias</normalizedToken>
: Chapada dos Veadeiros, c. 20 km W of Veadeiros,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">H.S. Irwin et al</emphasis>
. 12407 (FTG114226); 10 km S of Alto do
<normalizedToken originalValue="Paraíso">Paraiso</normalizedToken>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">H.S. Irwin et al</emphasis>
. 24946a (FTG114228); 18 km N of Alto do
<normalizedToken originalValue="Paraíso">Paraiso</normalizedToken>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">H.S. Irwin et al</emphasis>
. 32875 (FTG114227); Fazenda de Sao Bento,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Glaziou</emphasis>
21786 (P).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="conservation status">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Conservation status.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
This species has only been found on five occasions, all in the Chapada dos Veadeiros region, indicating this species is very localised in its distribution. Apparently there are duplicates of only one of these collections, suggesting the species is not common in any of the places where it has been found. Field notes are minimally informative. It should probably be treated as Data Deficient (DD) within
<bibRefCitation author="IUCN" journalOrPublisher="Revista Brasileira de Botanica" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" publicationUrl="http://s3.amazonaws.com/iucnredlist-newcms/staging/public/attachments/3097/redlist_cats_crit_en.pdf" refId="B8" refString="IUCN, 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Ed 2. International Union for the Conservation of Nature, Gland, Switzerland. http://s3.amazonaws.com/iucnredlist-newcms/staging/public/attachments/3097/redlist_cats_crit_en.pdf" title="IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria. Ed 2. International Union for the Conservation of Nature, Gland, Switzerland." url="http://s3.amazonaws.com/iucnredlist-newcms/staging/public/attachments/3097/redlist_cats_crit_en.pdf" year="2012">IUCN (2012)</bibRefCitation>
guidelines until the populations can be carefully evaluated. All recorded locations apparently lie within the Chapada dos Veadeiros National Park, which enjoys legal protection.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
The epithet &quot;
<taxonomicName authorityName="J. R. I. Wood &amp; Scotland" authorityYear="2017" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Ipomoea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="dasycarpa" order="Solanales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="dasycarpa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">dasycarpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
&quot; refers to the comose ovary and capsule.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
Molecular sequencing using
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">ITS</emphasis>
(unpublished data) shows that
<taxonomicName lsidName="I. dasycarpa" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species" species="dasycarpa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">I. dasycarpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
belongs to a large clade of around 70 species almost restricted to South America, which is characterised morphologically by the pubescent exterior of the corolla and the subequal, pubescent, ovate herbaceous sepals. The comose (not glabrous) ovary is an especially interesting character as hirsute capsules are rare in
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Ipomoea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ipomoea" order="Solanales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Ipomoea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and found outside the
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Convolvulaceae" genus="Batatas" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Batatas" order="Solanales" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Batatas</taxonomicName>
clade in only a few species such as
<taxonomicName lsidName="I. sidifolia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species" species="sidifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">I. sidifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Schrad. and
<taxonomicName lsidName="I. velutinifolia" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species" species="velutinifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">I. velutinifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
described below. None of these appear to be related to or resemble
<taxonomicName lsidName="I. dasycarpa" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" rank="species" species="dasycarpa">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">I. dasycarpa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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@ -0,0 +1,285 @@
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1138.96201" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1138-183" ID-Pensoft-UUID="D8897AA0E7705EB5984930D428C464BF" ID-ZooBank="B7224B8C480848B4A2F7DDF5EAF204E2" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1138-183" checkinTime="1673085684255" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Yoo, Hyunsu, Huyen, Pham Thi Minh, Chae, Jinho &amp; Karanovic, Ivana" docDate="2023" docId="AF49ED0BA2DB582692BABFF4085EB3AE" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1138: 183-209" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1138" docPubDate="2023-01-06" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1138.96201" docTitle="Loxocauda orientalis Schornikov 2011" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="D8897AA0E7705EB5984930D428C464BF" lastPageNumber="183" masterDocId="D8897AA0E7705EB5984930D428C464BF" masterDocTitle="Three Loxocaudinae species (Ostracoda, Podocopida) from South Korea" masterLastPageNumber="209" masterPageNumber="183" pageNumber="183" updateTime="1673085684255" updateUser="pensoft">
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<mods:title>Three Loxocaudinae species (Ostracoda, Podocopida) from South Korea</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Yoo, Hyunsu</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Marine Environmental Research and Information Laboratory (MERIL), 17, Gosan-ro, 148 beon-gil, Gunpo-si, Gyoenggi-do, 15180, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Huyen, Pham Thi Minh</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Applied Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Graduate School Department of Molecular Science and Technology, Ajou University, Suwon, 16499, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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<mods:namePart>Chae, Jinho</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Marine Environmental Research and Information Laboratory (MERIL), 17, Gosan-ro, 148 beon-gil, Gunpo-si, Gyoenggi-do, 15180, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart>Karanovic, Ivana</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Department of Life Science, College of Natural Sciences, Hanyang University, Seoul, 04763, Republic of Korea</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:number>2023-01-06</mods:number>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="183">
<taxonomicName LSID="AF49ED0B-A2DB-5826-92BA-BFF4085EB3AE" authority="Schornikov, 2011" authorityName="Schornikov" authorityYear="2011" class="Ostracoda" family="Loxoconchidae" genus="Loxocauda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loxocauda orientalis" order="Podocopida" pageId="0" pageNumber="183" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientalis">Loxocauda orientalis Schornikov, 2011</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="183" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="183">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Loxocauda orientalis Schornikov, 2011: male A RV internal view B A 1 C A 2; female D GF; male E Hp. Scale bars: 50 µm (B, C, D, E); 100 µm (A)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1138.96201.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/791643" pageId="0" pageNumber="183">Figs 9</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. SEM photographs of Loxocauda orientalis Schornikov, 2011: male A LV external view B RV internal view; male C dorsal view D posterior part of dorsal margin E postero-ventral margin (black arrow point to spines) F muscular scar print." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1138.96201.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/791644" pageId="0" pageNumber="183">, 10</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="183" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="183">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schornikov" authorityYear="1969" class="Ostracoda" family="Loxoconchidae" genus="Loxocauda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loxocauda" order="Podocopida" pageId="0" pageNumber="183" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Loxocauda</taxonomicName>
sp. - Schornikov 2006: 43; Zenina 2009: 307.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="183">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schornikov" authorityYear="1969" class="Ostracoda" family="Loxoconchidae" genus="Loxocauda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loxocauda" order="Podocopida" pageId="0" pageNumber="183" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Loxocauda</taxonomicName>
sp. 6 - Lee et al. 2000: 465.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="183">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schornikov" authorityYear="1969" class="Ostracoda" family="Loxoconchidae" genus="Loxocauda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loxocauda" order="Podocopida" pageId="0" pageNumber="183" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Loxocauda</taxonomicName>
sp. 9 - Lee et al. 2000: 466.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="183">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schornikov" authorityYear="2011" class="Ostracoda" family="Loxoconchidae" genus="Loxocauda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loxocauda orientalis" order="Podocopida" pageId="0" pageNumber="183" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientalis">Loxocauda orientalis</taxonomicName>
Schornikov, 2011: 100.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="183" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="183">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="183">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-04-05" collectorName="Changgyun Yu, Byung-jin Yoo" country="South Korea" county="One" latitude="34.820866" location="Geoje-myeon" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="128.52045" municipality="Geoje-si" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Gyeongsangnam-do">
<collectingCounty>One</collectingCounty>
male, dissected on one slide and shell on micropaleontological slide from
<collectingCountry name="South Korea">South Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion country="South Korea" name="Gyeongnam">Gyeongsangnam-do</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Geoje-si</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AF49ED0BA2DB582692BABFF4085EB3AE:BBBA760061348274B7C7E4910FE42C06" country="South Korea" county="One" latitude="34.820866" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="128.52045" municipality="Geoje-si" name="Geoje-myeon" stateProvince="Gyeongsangnam-do">Geoje-myeon</location>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AF49ED0BA2DB582692BABFF4085EB3AE:CADBCB33E0333F26675908EEE54E1EAA" country="South Korea" county="One" latitude="34.820866" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="128.52045" municipality="Geoje-si" name="Beopdongeogu-ro" stateProvince="Gyeongsangnam-do">Beopdongeogu-ro</location>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AF49ED0BA2DB582692BABFF4085EB3AE:D069FBC4FFB9BDDF32A77FE7100CA6B8" country="South Korea" county="One" latitude="34.820866" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="128.52045" municipality="Geoje-si" name="Beopdong" stateProvince="Gyeongsangnam-do">Beopdong</location>
harbor.
<geoCoordinate degrees="34" direction="north" minutes="49.252" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="34.820866">34°49.252'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="128" direction="east" minutes="31.227" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="128.52045">128°31.227'E</geoCoordinate>
,
<collectingDate value="2021-04-05">5 Apr 2021</collectingDate>
, leg.
<collectorName>Changgyun Yu</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName>Byung-jin Yoo</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2021-04-30" collectorName="Hyunsu Yoo, Byung-jin Yoo." country="South Korea" county="Buan-gun" latitude="35.726715" location="Saemangeum-ro" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="126.5295" municipality="Byeonsan-myeon" specimenCount="two" specimenCount-female="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Jeollabuk-do">
<specimenCount type="female">two females</specimenCount>
, dissected on one slide each, and
<specimenCount type="male">one male</specimenCount>
dissected on one slide, all shells on separate micropaleontological slides from
<collectingCountry name="South Korea">South Korea</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion country="South Korea" name="Jeonbuk">Jeollabuk-do</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty>Buan-gun</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Byeonsan-myeon</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AF49ED0BA2DB582692BABFF4085EB3AE:4021AC4E3264CFAC5523AF0393610826" country="South Korea" county="Buan-gun" latitude="35.726715" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="126.5295" municipality="Byeonsan-myeon" name="Saemangeum-ro" stateProvince="Jeollabuk-do">Saemangeum-ro</location>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:AF49ED0BA2DB582692BABFF4085EB3AE:730BD736DE36F426C7916BAA9A1DCD2A" country="South Korea" county="Buan-gun" latitude="35.726715" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="126.5295" municipality="Byeonsan-myeon" name="Garyuk-do" stateProvince="Jeollabuk-do">Garyuk-do</location>
harbor.
<geoCoordinate degrees="35" direction="north" minutes="43.603" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="35.726715">35°43.603'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="126" direction="east" minutes="31.770" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="126.5295">126°31.770'E</geoCoordinate>
,
<collectingDate value="2021-04-30">30 Apr 2021</collectingDate>
, leg.
<collectorName>Hyunsu Yoo</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName>Byung-jin Yoo.</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="183" type="redescription">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="183">Redescription.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="183">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="183">
Male.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="183">Carapace</emphasis>
</emphasis>
(Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Loxocauda orientalis Schornikov, 2011: male A RV internal view B A 1 C A 2; female D GF; male E Hp. Scale bars: 50 µm (B, C, D, E); 100 µm (A)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1138.96201.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/791643" pageId="0" pageNumber="183">9A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. SEM photographs of Loxocauda orientalis Schornikov, 2011: male A LV external view B RV internal view; male C dorsal view D posterior part of dorsal margin E postero-ventral margin (black arrow point to spines) F muscular scar print." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1138.96201.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/791644" pageId="0" pageNumber="183">10</figureCitation>
). Larger than another
<taxonomicName authorityName="Hartmann" authorityYear="1990" class="Ostracoda" family="Loxoconchidae" genus="Glacioloxoconcha" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Glacioloxoconcha" order="Podocopida" pageId="0" pageNumber="183" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="183">Glacioloxoconcha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species, L ~ 420
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
, H ~ 243
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
. RV overlapping LV dorsally. Carapace subquadrate in lateral view (Figs
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Loxocauda orientalis Schornikov, 2011: male A RV internal view B A 1 C A 2; female D GF; male E Hp. Scale bars: 50 µm (B, C, D, E); 100 µm (A)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1138.96201.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/791643" pageId="0" pageNumber="183">9A</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. SEM photographs of Loxocauda orientalis Schornikov, 2011: male A LV external view B RV internal view; male C dorsal view D posterior part of dorsal margin E postero-ventral margin (black arrow point to spines) F muscular scar print." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1138.96201.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/791644" pageId="0" pageNumber="183">10A, B</figureCitation>
). Anterior margin rounded, dorsal margin slightly arched and postero-dorsal margin with caudal process smaller than in
<taxonomicName lsidName="G. jeongokensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="183" rank="species" species="jeongokensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="183">G. jeongokensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. (size almost 50
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
), ventral margin straight, postero-ventral margin with spine (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. SEM photographs of Loxocauda orientalis Schornikov, 2011: male A LV external view B RV internal view; male C dorsal view D posterior part of dorsal margin E postero-ventral margin (black arrow point to spines) F muscular scar print." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1138.96201.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/791644" pageId="0" pageNumber="183">10E</figureCitation>
). Postero-ventral and anterior margins strongly compressed. Greatest H situated in front of middle. Surface smooth with few simple setae sporadically distributed (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. SEM photographs of Loxocauda orientalis Schornikov, 2011: male A LV external view B RV internal view; male C dorsal view D posterior part of dorsal margin E postero-ventral margin (black arrow point to spines) F muscular scar print." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1138.96201.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/791644" pageId="0" pageNumber="183">10A</figureCitation>
). Marginal pore canals strongly developed and distributed from anterior to posterior margins (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Loxocauda orientalis Schornikov, 2011: male A RV internal view B A 1 C A 2; female D GF; male E Hp. Scale bars: 50 µm (B, C, D, E); 100 µm (A)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1138.96201.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/791643" pageId="0" pageNumber="183">9A</figureCitation>
). Fused zone situated medially on ventral margin, strongly developed. Muscular scar imprints consisting of a row of four vertical scars, one bent frontal scar, with two scars below it (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. SEM photographs of Loxocauda orientalis Schornikov, 2011: male A LV external view B RV internal view; male C dorsal view D posterior part of dorsal margin E postero-ventral margin (black arrow point to spines) F muscular scar print." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1138.96201.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/791644" pageId="0" pageNumber="183">10F</figureCitation>
). Hinge adont (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Loxocauda orientalis Schornikov, 2011: male A RV internal view B A 1 C A 2; female D GF; male E Hp. Scale bars: 50 µm (B, C, D, E); 100 µm (A)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1138.96201.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/791643" pageId="0" pageNumber="183">9A</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1138.96201.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/791643" pageId="0" pageNumber="183" start="Figure 9" startId="F9">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="183">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="183">Figure 9.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schornikov" authorityYear="2011" class="Ostracoda" family="Loxoconchidae" genus="Loxocauda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loxocauda orientalis" order="Podocopida" pageId="0" pageNumber="183" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="183">Loxocauda orientalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Schornikov, 2011: male
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="183">A</emphasis>
RV internal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="183">B</emphasis>
A1
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="183">C</emphasis>
A2; female
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="183">D</emphasis>
GF; male
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="183">E</emphasis>
Hp. Scale bars: 50
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="183">B, C, D, E</emphasis>
); 100
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
(
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="183">A</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1138.96201.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/791644" pageId="0" pageNumber="183" start="Figure 10" startId="F10">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="183">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="183">Figure 10.</emphasis>
SEM photographs of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Schornikov" authorityYear="2011" class="Ostracoda" family="Loxoconchidae" genus="Loxocauda" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Loxocauda orientalis" order="Podocopida" pageId="0" pageNumber="183" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="orientalis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="183">Loxocauda orientalis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Schornikov, 2011: male
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="183">A</emphasis>
LV external view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="183">B</emphasis>
RV internal view; male
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="183">C</emphasis>
dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="183">D</emphasis>
posterior part of dorsal margin
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="183">E</emphasis>
postero-ventral margin (black arrow point to spines)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="183">F</emphasis>
muscular scar print.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="183">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="183">A1</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Loxocauda orientalis Schornikov, 2011: male A RV internal view B A 1 C A 2; female D GF; male E Hp. Scale bars: 50 µm (B, C, D, E); 100 µm (A)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1138.96201.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/791643" pageId="0" pageNumber="183">9B</figureCitation>
). Six-segmented. First segment without setulae and setae. Second segment with setulae on antero-distal and one bare seta on postero-distal margin, reaching 1/3 length of fourth segment. Third segment with one bare seta on antero-distally, reaching 3/4 length of fourth segment. Fourth segment with two bare setae, one antero-distally, reaching 1/2 length of next segment, another postero-distally, reaching 3/4 length of next segment. Penultimate segment with four bare setae, three setae antero-distally, and one on postero-distal margin, length of two setae on anteriorly reaching slightly over terminal segment, and one reaching 2/3 length of terminal segment, length of one seta on posteriorly over terminal segment. Terminal segment with three long, bare setae on distal margin, almost 1.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
longer than terminal segment. L ratios between six segments 1.7: 1.3: 1: 1.2: 1.5: 1.6.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="183">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="183">A2</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Loxocauda orientalis Schornikov, 2011: male A RV internal view B A 1 C A 2; female D GF; male E Hp. Scale bars: 50 µm (B, C, D, E); 100 µm (A)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1138.96201.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/791643" pageId="0" pageNumber="183">9C</figureCitation>
). Four-segmented. Exopod transformed into two-segmented spinneret seta. First endopodal segment without setulae or seta. Second segment with one bare seta postero-distally reaching 2/3 of following segment. Third segment with setulae antero-proximally, and with one bare seta on antero-proximal margin, reaching 1/2 length of the same segment; two bare setae postero-medially, reaching 2/3 length of same segment, one bare seta postero-distally, almost 2.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
longer than terminal segment, one bare seta on distal margin, almost 4
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
longer than terminal segment. Terminal segment with one strong, bare claw on distal margin almost 4
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
longer than same segment. L ratios between four segments: 7.1: 3: 11.4: 1.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="183">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="183">Hp</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Loxocauda orientalis Schornikov, 2011: male A RV internal view B A 1 C A 2; female D GF; male E Hp. Scale bars: 50 µm (B, C, D, E); 100 µm (A)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1138.96201.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/791643" pageId="0" pageNumber="183">9E</figureCitation>
). Basal plate subquadrate with flection antero-medially, four bare setae antero-distally, and strong muscle keeping tension between central and peripheral parts. Distal lobe sub-triangular. Ejaculatory process densely coiled.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="183">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="183">Female.</emphasis>
Larger than males. L ~ 484
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
, H ~ 287
<normalizedToken originalValue="µm">µm</normalizedToken>
. Shape and all other morphological features similar to male. Fused zone with three simple setulae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="183">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="183">GF</emphasis>
(Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. Loxocauda orientalis Schornikov, 2011: male A RV internal view B A 1 C A 2; female D GF; male E Hp. Scale bars: 50 µm (B, C, D, E); 100 µm (A)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1138.96201.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/791643" pageId="0" pageNumber="183">9D</figureCitation>
). Basal plate sub-rectangular and Ovary subquadrate. Without setulae and setae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>