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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e10084" ID-PMC="PMC5139134" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2828-4-10084" ID-PubMed="27956851" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1314-2828-4-e10084" ModsDocOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 4" ModsDocTitle="Cyanobacteria of Greece: an annotated checklist" checkinTime="1478060999303" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Gkelis, Spyros, Ourailidis, Iordanis, Panou, Manthos &amp; Pappas, Nikos" docDate="2016" docId="3B5F020A36164528CF7ED78BC79AECA2" docLanguage="en" docName="BiodivDatJour 4: e10084" docOrigin="Biodiversity Data Journal 4" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.4.e10084" docTitle="Rhabdoderma lineare Schmidle &amp; Lauterborn in Schmidle 1900" docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="10084" masterDocId="4C38E221FFF08B34321CFFEC8C1FFF8D" masterDocTitle="Cyanobacteria of Greece: an annotated checklist" masterLastPageNumber="10084" masterPageNumber="10084" pageNumber="10084" updateTime="1668123304914" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:namePart>Gkelis, Spyros</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Ourailidis, Iordanis</mods:namePart>
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<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Panou, Manthos</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Pappas, Nikos</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
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<mods:number>4</mods:number>
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<mods:start>10084</mods:start>
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<taxonomicName authority="Schmidle &amp; Lauterborn in Schmidle, 1900" authorityName="Schmidle &amp; Lauterborn in Schmidle" authorityYear="1900" class="Cyanophyceae" family="Chroococcaceae" genus="Rhabdoderma" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Bacteria" lsidName="Rhabdoderma lineare" order="Chroococcales" pageId="0" pageNumber="10084" phylum="Cyanobacteria" rank="species" species="lineare">Rhabdoderma lineare Schmidle &amp; Lauterborn in Schmidle, 1900</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="10084">
<taxonomicName class="Cyanophyceae" family="Chroococcaceae" genus="Synechococcus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Bacteria" lsidName="Synechococcus linearis" order="Chroococcales" pageId="0" pageNumber="10084" phylum="Cyanobacteria" rank="species" species="linearis">Synechococcus linearis</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="10084">Notes</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="10084">
<bibRefCitation author="Moustaka, M." journalOrPublisher="Aristotle University of Thessaloniki" pageId="0" pageNumber="10084" title="SEASONAL VARIATIONS, ANNUAL PERIODICITY AND SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION OF PHYTOPLANKTON IN LAKE VOLVI" year="1988">Moustaka 1988</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
</document>

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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.102.24380" ID-PMC="PMC6033956" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-102-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="AA226A35FFF8FFBC37621A40C2518C67" ID-PubMed="30002597" ID-Zenodo-Dep="1306325" ModsDocID="1314-2003-102-1" checkinTime="1530324112772" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="DeFilipps, Robert A. &amp; Krupnick, Gary A." docDate="2018" docId="3B5F14DF990A5761A93235FCF037B738" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 102: 1-341" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 102" docPubDate="2018-06-28" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.102.24380" docTitle="Oroxylum indicum Kurz 1877" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="AA226A35FFF8FFBC37621A40C2518C67" lastPageNumber="34" masterDocId="AA226A35FFF8FFBC37621A40C2518C67" masterDocTitle="The medicinal plants of Myanmar" masterLastPageNumber="341" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="33" updateTime="1668138950833" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title>The medicinal plants of Myanmar</mods:title>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>DeFilipps, Robert A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Deceased</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
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<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Krupnick, Gary A.</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1357-4826</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, PO Box 37012, MRC- 166, Washington, DC, 20013 - 7012, USA</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">krupnick@si.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:date>2018</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2018-06-28</mods:number>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>102</mods:number>
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<taxonomicName LSID="3B5F14DF-990A-5761-A932-35FCF037B738" authority="(L.) Kurz" authorityName="Kurz" authorityYear="1877" baseAuthorityName="L." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Oroxylum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Oroxylum indicum" order="Lamiales" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="indicum">Oroxylum indicum (L.) Kurz</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="names">
<paragraph pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Names.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Myanmar</emphasis>
:
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">kyaung shar</emphasis>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">sot-gren-itg</emphasis>
(Mon),
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">maleinka</emphasis>
(Mak) (Shan).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">English</emphasis>
: Indian trumpet flower.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="range">
<paragraph pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Range.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Subtropical and tropical. Found from India to tropical China, south into Southeast Asia. Found growing naturally throughout Myanmar up to 1220 m altitude.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" type="uses">
<paragraph pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Uses.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="33" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Bark</emphasis>
: A mixture of the bark powder with the juice of ginger and honey is given for asthma and bronchitis. The filtered liquid made from this powder is soaked in hot water for 2 hours and taken morning and night for chronic indigestion. The water from soaked bark is used as a mouthwash to relieve dry throat and cracked skin around the mouth. Bark of trunk and root used as an astringent and a tonic in dysentery, diarrhea, and rheumatism.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Leaf</emphasis>
: The juice is taken as a remedy for opium toxicity. Leaves are boiled and eaten to stimulate bowel movements.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Fruit</emphasis>
: Boiled or roasted, it is taken for indigestion, goiter, flatulence and hemorrhoids. It is eaten in a salad to alleviate boils on the skin. A mixture of fruit cooked with chicken is eaten to cure asthma. Consuming the fruit cooked with banded snakehead fish (
<taxonomicName authorityName="Bloch" authorityYear="1793" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Scrophulariaceae" genus="Ophiocephalus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ophiocephalus striatus" order="Lamiales" pageId="32" pageNumber="33" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="striatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="32" pageNumber="33">Ophiocephalus striatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) is considered a cure for cholera that gives vitality as well as curing indigestion and diar
<pageBreakToken pageId="33" pageNumber="34" start="start">rhea</pageBreakToken>
. As a remedy for palpitations or fatigue brought on by a weak heart, a mixture of fruit cooked with prawns is eaten. To reduce edema, increase weight, and strengthen a weak heart, a mixture of the fruit and hilsa fish (
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="Hamilton" baseAuthorityYear="1822" class="Actinopterygii" family="Clupeidae" genus="Hilsa" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Hilsa ilisha" order="Clupeiformes" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="ilisha">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Hilsa ilisha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) is eaten. A combination of the fruit cooked with the fish
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">nga-mway-toh</emphasis>
(
<taxonomicName baseAuthorityName="non Lacepède" baseAuthorityYear="1800" class="Actinopterygii" family="Mastacembelidae" genus="Mastacembelus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Mastacembelus armatus" order="Synbranchiformes" pageId="33" pageNumber="34" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="armatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Mastacembelus armatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) is ingested to cure dysentery associated with weakness in men and menstruation in women, as well as hemorrhoids.
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Root</emphasis>
: A paste formed from grinding is applied to treat sores that continue to fester even though the skin has healed. Root bark is used to treat fever, joint pain, stomach bloating, and stomach pain.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="34">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
Medicinal uses of this species in India are discussed in
<bibRefCitation author="Jain, SK" journalOrPublisher="Phytotherapy Research" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" refId="B50" refString="Jain, SK, DeFilipps, RA, 1991. Medicinal Plants of India. 2 Vols. Reference Publications, Inc, Algonac." title="Medicinal Plants of India. 2 Vols. Reference Publications, Inc, Algonac." year="1991">Jain and DeFilipps (1991)</bibRefCitation>
. Medicinal use of this species in China is discussed by
<bibRefCitation author="Duke, JA" journalOrPublisher="Lipid / Fett" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" refId="B34" refString="Duke, JA, Ayensu, ES, 1985. Medicinal Plants of China. 2 Vols. Reference Publications, Inc., Algonac." title="Medicinal Plants of China. 2 Vols. Reference Publications, Inc., Algonac." year="1985">Duke and Ayensu (1985)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
In Indo-China and the Philippines the bark of the trunk and root are used in the same way as in Myanmar. On the Malay Peninsula the bark is used for dysentery. A decoction of the leaves is drunk for stomach disorders, rheumatism, and wounds; and is made into hot fomentations to treat cholera, fever, and rheumatic swellings. The cooked leaves are used as poultices for various ailments during and after childbirth; also for dysentery, and to relieve headache and toothache. In Indonesia the bitter bark serves as a remedy for stomach problems, and also as a tonic and appetizer. Additionally, the bark is chewed as a depurative, especially after parturition. The flowers are used as a remedy for inflammation of the eyes. The pith serves as a styptic. In the Philippines the juice from the crushed bark is rubbed on the back to relieve the ache accompanying malaria (
<bibRefCitation author="Perry, LM" journalOrPublisher="Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences" pageId="174" pageNumber="175" refId="B90" refString="Perry, LM, 1980. Medicinal Plants of East and South-East Asia: Attributed Properties and Uses. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts and London." title="Medicinal Plants of East and South-East Asia: Attributed Properties and Uses. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts and London." year="1980">Perry 1980</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
Oroxylin, isolated from the bark and seeds, has been found to be a mixture of three flavones, baicalein, 6-methylbaicalein, and chrysin. Oroxylin-A consists of phtalic and benzoic acids, and phloroglucinol (
<bibRefCitation author="Perry, LM" journalOrPublisher="Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences" pageId="174" pageNumber="175" refId="B90" refString="Perry, LM, 1980. Medicinal Plants of East and South-East Asia: Attributed Properties and Uses. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts and London." title="Medicinal Plants of East and South-East Asia: Attributed Properties and Uses. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts and London." year="1980">Perry 1980</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="33" pageNumber="34" type="references">
<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="34">References.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="33" pageNumber="34">
<bibRefCitation author="Agricultural Corporation" journalOrPublisher="Phytotherapy Research" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" refId="B3" refString="Agricultural Corporation, 1980. Burmese Medicinal Plants. Agricultural Corporation, Rangoon. [In Burmese]" title="Burmese Medicinal Plants. Agricultural Corporation, Rangoon. [In Burmese]" year="1980">Agricultural Corporation (1980)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Perry, LM" journalOrPublisher="Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences" pageId="174" pageNumber="175" refId="B90" refString="Perry, LM, 1980. Medicinal Plants of East and South-East Asia: Attributed Properties and Uses. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts and London." title="Medicinal Plants of East and South-East Asia: Attributed Properties and Uses. MIT Press, Cambridge, Massachusetts and London." year="1980">Perry (1980)</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation author="Forest Department" journalOrPublisher="ARS Pharmaceutica" pageId="172" pageNumber="173" refId="B37" refString="Forest Department, 1999. Medicinal Plants of Popa Mountain Park. Ministry of Forestry, Yangon, Myanmar." title="Medicinal Plants of Popa Mountain Park. Ministry of Forestry, Yangon, Myanmar." year="1999">Forest Department (1999)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1175.105068" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-1175-5" ID-Pensoft-UUID="5DFB56AFD476555B982D868A74D00E17" ID-ZooBank="D7BCD6CE4E8C4664BBB9F0D6CEB60FB4" ModsDocID="1313-2970-1175-5" checkinTime="1692265403944" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Fernandez-Triana, Jose L., Shimbori, Eduardo M., Whitfield, James B., Penteado-Dias, Angelica M., Shaw, Scott R., Boudreault, Caroline, Sones, Jayme, Perez, Kate, Brown, Allison, Manjunath, Ramya, Burns, John M., Hebert, P. D. N., Smith, M. Alex, Hallwachs, Winnifred &amp; Janzen, Daniel H." docDate="2023" docId="3B5F1F0D3B2B517CB68D18B3D0A4FE94" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 1175: 5-162" docOrigin="ZooKeys 1175" docPubDate="2023-08-16" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1175.105068" docTitle="Alphomelon crocostethus Deans 2003" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="5DFB56AFD476555B982D868A74D00E17" lastPageNumber="5" masterDocId="5DFB56AFD476555B982D868A74D00E17" masterDocTitle="A revision of the parasitoid wasp genus Alphomelon Mason with the description of 30 new species (Hymenoptera, Braconidae)" masterLastPageNumber="162" masterPageNumber="5" pageNumber="5" updateTime="1692265403944" updateUser="pensoft">
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<paragraph id="40C83293854C2E59471028717E33ADC5" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">
<taxonomicName id="D5F894B6E38065AE217932E1935B5E8A" ID-CoL="C693" LSID="3B5F1F0D-3B2B-517C-B68D-18B3D0A4FE94" authority="Deans, 2003" authorityName="Deans" authorityYear="2003" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Alphomelon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alphomelon crocostethus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crocostethus">Alphomelon crocostethus Deans, 2003</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph id="8B1CCE4059A00861B5DA7B24F41B0622" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">
<figureCitation id="04E2292095FCADE8AA028CA29E9EA5B0" captionStart="Figure 22" captionStartId="F22" captionText="Figure 22. Alphomelon crocostethus Deans female CNC 704257 A habitus, lateral B head, frontal C antenna, lateral D wings E propodeum and metasoma, dorsal F mesosoma, dorsal." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1175.105068.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/893124" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">Figs 22A-F</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="01FB2EBED4DE983E8591E3B25EC0EE3D" captionStart="Figure 23" captionStartId="F23" captionText="Figure 23. Alphomelon crocostethus Deans female CNC 1065929 A habitus, lateral B head, frontal C propodeum, dorso-lateral D wings E head and mesosoma, dorsal F metasoma, dorso-lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1175.105068.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/893125" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">, 23A-F</figureCitation>
<figureCitation id="8F9D5AD3F706EAFF897ABAA7410FE9F3" captionStart="Figure 24" captionStartId="F24" captionText="Figure 24. Alphomelon crocostethus Deans holotype female USNMENT 00828299 A habitus, dorsal B close-up of habitus, dorsal C habitus, lateral D close-up of habitus, lateral." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1175.105068.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/893126" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">, 24A-D</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="603CB17A9E44A2D284FD0909566CE92F" pageId="0" pageNumber="5" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="9460BB41E2306E2CD8AE0DF61610BABE" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="9ADA86CC494DBA4D7FD52531713B98D8" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">Argentina*, Bolivia, Brazil (DF*, ES, MG, PE*, RJ, RN*, SP*), Colombia, Dominican Republic*, Jamaica, Peru*, Puerto Rico.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="948870656B1A898FB296A1E54E64E2E3" pageId="0" pageNumber="5" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="4E1BC2A9EC90400CB01892717B106E1A" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">Biology.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="057EC5AF7DBD7FAD56CDB6B22C93A75A" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">
Solitary, reared from unidentified hesperiid on sugar cane
<taxonomicName id="480DE13DA585D402FEE96CD40E10E566" class="Monocotyledoneae" family="Poaceae" genus="Saccharum" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Saccharum officinarum" order="Graminales" pageId="0" pageNumber="5" phylum="Angiospermae" rank="species" species="officinarum">
<emphasis id="7BCE5C48DC7B613CF080E08F196DF8AC" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">Saccharum officinarum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="2C043093B4DB3CD81FE32E2302EC5C0D" author="Deans, AR" journalOrPublisher="Journal of Hymenoptera Research" pageId="0" pageNumber="5" pagination="1 - 41" publicationUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/32897" refId="B3" refString="Deans, AR, Whitfield, JB, Janzen, DH, 2003. Taxonomy and natural history of the Microgastrinae genus Alphomelon Mason (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Journal of Hymenoptera Research 12 (1): 1 - 41, https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/32897" title="Taxonomy and natural history of the Microgastrinae genus Alphomelon Mason (Hymenoptera: Braconidae)." url="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/part/32897" volume="12" year="2003">Deans et al. 2003</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4EC6AD68ECCA6B1266A3C112EDC04C97" pageId="0" pageNumber="5" type="dna barcoding">
<paragraph id="8B437AB1977A0E831C65C7B82BA9306A" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">DNA barcoding.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="3CCCDCDFB993EDEE9660952D729E1341" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">BINBOLD:AAZ9859.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="C40F6373050388981D43862575AFA83E" pageId="0" pageNumber="5" type="notes">
<paragraph id="CB80A7F3EEE415FC8062724221C42E1A" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="6C3A6B0D5B0D02994AD0C50407C10689" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">
The specimens we examined are very variable and it is likely that there are several species within what is currently considered
<taxonomicName id="980D62F17AE0834BA19FCCAC3EE95A44" lsidName="A. crocostethus" pageId="0" pageNumber="5" rank="species" species="crocostethus">
<emphasis id="3FF63048B2F2061D8794C2C72B4D6E1C" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">A. crocostethus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The Caribbean specimens have darker legs, mesosoma and metasoma; T1 with stronger sculpture (near posterior margins); and T1 petiolar ridge tends to be larger and wider. The South American specimens vary considerably, but usually have paler colored legs, mesosoma, and metasoma; T1 with weaker sculpture; and T1 petiolar ridge shorter, narrower, and usually less well defined. However, there are exceptions, sometimes from the same locality (such as in Brazil, where most of the material we have examined was collected). Besides morphology, DNA barcoding supports more than one species, although only four specimens (three with partial barcodes) are available. Until more specimens and sequences from South America are available for study, we think is best to keep a single species, but future work will certainly reveal more within what appears to be a species complex.
</paragraph>
<caption id="3ED7743CD3F8A7D01F8286B70EE558BB" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1175.105068.figure22" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/893124" pageId="0" pageNumber="5" start="Figure 22" startId="F22">
<paragraph id="4985BD8E06CAFE4E2BCCBC03098D89CB" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="46C58942D0BA4D5C35CC26CBCACB82E3" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">Figure 22.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="E7F26B4AE047D3652017CF2DF7631033" authorityName="Deans" authorityYear="2003" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Alphomelon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alphomelon crocostethus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crocostethus">
<emphasis id="E5792385549A0D1FA6652E37C5696AA9" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">Alphomelon crocostethus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Deans female CNC704257
<emphasis id="FF7F84C814CA0174B5B581A6AB6429A2" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">A</emphasis>
habitus, lateral
<emphasis id="85BC77F08B998AF627F013E28CAEDBE9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">B</emphasis>
head, frontal
<emphasis id="63C5F8FFF033212E0B5DEAD059D9873E" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">C</emphasis>
antenna, lateral
<emphasis id="2F572BE1C75D14A8A72CE714FD1505AC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">D</emphasis>
wings
<emphasis id="8F0534755C48DE90F3BD884D1B820FD5" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">E</emphasis>
propodeum and metasoma, dorsal
<emphasis id="D45A3B7073ECF2AF1CD364CFB2C6FCBD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">F</emphasis>
mesosoma, dorsal.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="18B682D7281E2E7A3E1160F6AA8F43D1" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1175.105068.figure23" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/893125" pageId="0" pageNumber="5" start="Figure 23" startId="F23">
<paragraph id="B3AA9887B85424440226DE61578162CC" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="128222A6639E956AA96656A9BC21162B" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">Figure 23.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="133662BD992066085EAA617F4FFD3C71" authorityName="Deans" authorityYear="2003" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Alphomelon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alphomelon crocostethus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crocostethus">
<emphasis id="F41E61D7A66400D36ABB62761D106D53" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">Alphomelon crocostethus</emphasis>
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Deans female CNC1065929
<emphasis id="D9231EF15A1555A399B6FEEE169DF9AE" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">A</emphasis>
habitus, lateral
<emphasis id="894F80CF5C6E430546EED3BDE1CFE900" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">B</emphasis>
head, frontal
<emphasis id="6CF714C0CDF89C7A53626BCC426128E4" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">C</emphasis>
propodeum, dorso-lateral
<emphasis id="F711FBD1920E581681D560F5382FB2FB" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">D</emphasis>
wings
<emphasis id="6D35DAECFCFE5DD6646912A924C3D6C9" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">E</emphasis>
head and mesosoma, dorsal
<emphasis id="2B9035595E037D00AA39D09D5AAAB6CD" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">F</emphasis>
metasoma, dorso-lateral.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="1DE5A7FF3C83355E2BDB06EAD93BD650" doi="10.3897/zookeys.1175.105068.figure24" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/893126" pageId="0" pageNumber="5" start="Figure 24" startId="F24">
<paragraph id="392C0778598EC8F2E5FDD3113B48F9EA" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis id="EEBCD7FB4603960BDB9E7A2EFEB36B23" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">Figure 24.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="839C2D757A833B4A51F39631BE66D594" authorityName="Deans" authorityYear="2003" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Alphomelon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alphomelon crocostethus" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="crocostethus">
<emphasis id="B072D44D22D1BAA68BDF83914850F67D" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">Alphomelon crocostethus</emphasis>
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Deans holotype female USNMENT00828299
<emphasis id="5E7853D51531C8437B0D25047E6754DC" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">A</emphasis>
habitus, dorsal
<emphasis id="97FF8231C0B8619EBF54D65916E9E2F0" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">B</emphasis>
close-up of habitus, dorsal
<emphasis id="CB3972D306A702B592242BABF8048850" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">C</emphasis>
habitus, lateral
<emphasis id="3F4E90FAA1445416F1973CCC0CB255A1" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">D</emphasis>
close-up of habitus, lateral.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="D854F631E6191972B7922054115785AD" pageId="0" pageNumber="5" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="56D1029AEFC27AED260CC295E8C32E5A" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">Other specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D76A64B3CFD258A5B87532F64085EB73" pageId="0" pageNumber="5">
(
<specimenCount id="ADD7CBB0A3441215DB20493474C665BA" type="female">13 females</specimenCount>
): CNC280516, CNCHYM 00021, CNCHYM 00022, CNCHYM 00023, CNCHYM 00020, CNC704254, CNC704255, CNC704256, CNC704257, CNC704258, CNC1065929, CNC1179774, CNC1179953.
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<mods:title>Revisions and key to the Vernonieae (Compositae) of Thailand</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Bunwong, Sukhonthip</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Maejo University Phrae Campus, Mae Sai, Rong Kwang, Phrae 54140, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Chantaranothai, Pranom</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Applied Taxonomic Research Center, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Keeley, Sterling C.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Department of Botany, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI 96816 USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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<mods:part>
<mods:date>2014</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2014-05-13</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>37</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>25</mods:start>
<mods:end>101</mods:end>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.37.6499</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-37-25</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FFE8FFACFF84FFA95573FFFECD03F742</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576215</mods:identifier>
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<taxonomicName LSID="3B5FC792-E21D-54F7-B5E4-BA2DF800F218" authority="(Gagnep.) H. Rob. &amp; Skvarla, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 120 (3): 365. 2007." authorityName="(Gagnep.) H. Rob. &amp; Skvarla, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 120 (3): 365. 2007." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Decaneuropsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Decaneuropsis eberhardtii" order="Asterales" pageId="39" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="eberhardtii">
<pageBreakToken pageId="39" pageNumber="64" start="start">Decaneuropsis</pageBreakToken>
eberhardtii (Gagnep.) H.Rob. &amp; Skvarla, Proc. Biol. Soc. Washington 120(3): 365. 2007.
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="39" pageNumber="64" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="64">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Gagnep" authorityYear="1919" class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Vernonia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="eberhardtii">Vernonia eberhardtii</taxonomicName>
Gagnep., Bull. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat.: 489. 1919.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="64">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Decaneuropsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="39" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="eberhardtii">Decaneuropsis eberhardtii</taxonomicName>
Type. Vietnam, Tonkin,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="64">Eberhardt</emphasis>
4230 (holotype: P!).
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Morphology of Vernonieae in Thailand 3. A Cyanthillium cinereum B Cyanthillium montanum C Cyanthillium patulum D Decaneuropsis cumingiana E Decaneuropsis eberhardtii F Decaneuropsis garrettiana." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/10648" pageId="39" pageNumber="64">Fig. 7E</figureCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="64">
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Philopteridae" genus="Vernonia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Phthiraptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="craibiana">Vernonia craibiana</taxonomicName>
Kerr, Bull. Misc. Inform. Kew 1935: 328. 1935.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="64">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Decaneuropsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="39" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="eberhardtii">Decaneuropsis eberhardtii</taxonomicName>
Type: Thailand,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="64">A.F.G. Kerr</emphasis>
9969 (holotype: K!, isotype: L!, isotype: P!).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="39" pageNumber="64" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="64">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="64">Climbing or scandent shrubs. Stems sprawling, young branches inconspicuously ribbed, puberulous. Leaves 10-15 by 5-7 cm, elliptic or obovate, margin entire, apex acute, base cuneate, subcoriaceous; both surfaces puberulous with cylindrical hairs, lateral veins 5-7-paired; petioles up to 1 cm long. Capitulescences terminal and axillary, paniculate. Capitula campanulate, 10-15 mm long, pedunculate. Receptacle flat, 2-3 mm in diam., hairy. Involucres campanulate, in 4-5 series, 7-8 mm long, 4-5 mm in diam. Phyllaries imbricate, dark green or purple apically, margin piliferous, outer surface puberulous without glands; the outer and the middle ones ovate, acute or apiculate; the inner ones ovate or ovate-lanceolate, apex acute or obtuse. Florets 11-13; corollas funnelform, purple, glabrous; corolla tubes 5-5.5 mm long; corolla lobes 2-2.5 mm long. Anthers 3-3.5 mm long, apical appendage acute, base acute. Styles purple, 6-6.5 mm long, branches 4-5 mm long. Achenes turbinate, 2.5-3 mm long, 10-ribbed, covered with dense hairs. Pappus in 2 series of bristles, the inner ones 6-7 mm long, persistent.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="39" pageNumber="64" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="64">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="64">Thailand: Mae Hong Son, Chiang Mai, Lampang, Phetchabun, Nakhon Ratchasima, Chaiyaphum, Kanchanaburi, Yala. Myanmar, Vietnam.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="39" pageNumber="64" type="specimens examined">
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="64">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="64">
Thailand, Chaiyaphum, Chulabhorn Dam,
<geoCoordinate degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="32.09" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="16.534834">16°32.09'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="101" direction="east" minutes="38.93" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="101.648834">101°38.93'E</geoCoordinate>
, 6 Nov 2007,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="64">S. Bunwong</emphasis>
384 (KKU, US); Mae Hong Son, Pai, 30 may 1977,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="64">T. Santisuk</emphasis>
1122 (BKF); Chiang Mai, Doi Sutep, 8 Apr 1992,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="64">J.F. Maxwell</emphasis>
92-129 (E, L); Doi Sutep, 21 Oct 1922,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="64">A.F.G. Kerr</emphasis>
6413 (K, P); Doi Chiangdao, 21 Mar 1956,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="64">H.B.G. Garrett</emphasis>
1483 (K, L, P); Lampang, Jae Son, 29 Mar 1996,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="64">J.F. Maxwell</emphasis>
96-466 (BKF); Jae Son, 1 Feb 1997,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="64">J.F. Maxwell</emphasis>
97-101 (BKF); Phetchabun, Nam Nao national park, 26 Dec 2007,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="64">S. Bunwong</emphasis>
376 (KKU, US); Nakhon Ratchasima, Kao Lem, 27 Dec 1980,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="64">Put</emphasis>
3553 (BK, BM, E, K, P); Kao Lem, 17 Dec 1962,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="64">C. Phengklai</emphasis>
562 (BKF); Chaiyaphum, 20 Dec 1971,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="64">C.F. van Beusekom, C. Phengklai, R. Geesink &amp; B. Wongwan</emphasis>
4459 (BKF, C, K, L); Kanchanaburi, Thong Pha Phume, 10 Jan 1985,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="64">H. Koyama, F. Konta &amp; W. Nanakorn</emphasis>
T-48974 (BKF); Thong Pha Phume, 14 Nov 1971,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="64">C.F. van Beusekom, C. Phengklai, R. Geesink &amp; B. Wongwan</emphasis>
3774 (BKF, C, K, L, P); Yala, Banang Sata, Tal To waterfall, 10 Dec 1966,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="64">B. Sangkhachand</emphasis>
3064 (BKF).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="39" pageNumber="64" type="diagnostic characters">
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="64">Diagnostic characters.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="64">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Decaneuropsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="39" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="eberhardtii">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="64">Decaneuropsis eberhardtii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Decaneuropsis" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="" order="Asterales" pageId="39" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="cumingiana">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="64">Decaneuropsis cumingiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having white hairs on leaves and phyllaries.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="39" pageNumber="64" type="ecology">
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="64">Ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="64">Dry evergreen forest, alt. 500-800 m; flowering December to February.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="39" pageNumber="64" type="vernacular name">
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="64">Vernacular name.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="39" pageNumber="64">Ya Kaa Krua (ยาแก้เครือ).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<taxonomicName id="B5C1C3CE8E0D94735BDC991B607C8403" ID-CoL="6QM34" LSID="3B5FF8C1-F199-564D-90A5-CCA3047C4C8C" authority="(Walker, 1866)" baseAuthorityName="Walker" baseAuthorityYear="1866" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Locastra" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Locastra muscosalis" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="118110" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="muscosalis">Locastra muscosalis (Walker, 1866)</taxonomicName>
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<paragraph id="B70014799B135A0C5B0846B937DAF7C7" pageId="0" pageNumber="118110">Notes</paragraph>
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<bibRefCitation id="8A52EE3AF51D45BAEF182ABB8E688709" author="Li, Z. Q." journalOrPublisher="Guangdong Science and Technology Press, Guangzhou" pageId="0" pageNumber="118110" refId="B10631483" refString="Li, Z. Q., 2023. Moths in Macao. Guangdong Science and Technology Press, Guangzhou" title="Moths in Macao" year="2023">Li (2023)</bibRefCitation>
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