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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.90423" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2032-3921-1-85" ID-Pensoft-UUID="2553BE0AAAD45443BE5D91B26DC952BA" ModsDocID="2032-3921-156-1-85" checkinTime="1679031847363" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Romero, Maria Florencia, Gonzalez, Ana Maria &amp; Salas, Roberto Manuel" docDate="2023" docId="3B4C7728F87E59F8BDEF15A62BBE71DF" docLanguage="en" docName="PlantEcolEvol 156(1): 85-111" docOrigin="Plant Ecology and Evolution 156 (1)" docPubDate="2023-03-15" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.90423" docTitle="Cephalanthus angustifolius Lour. (Loureiro 1790" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="2553BE0AAAD45443BE5D91B26DC952BA" lastPageNumber="85" masterDocId="2553BE0AAAD45443BE5D91B26DC952BA" masterDocTitle="Sylvainia, a new monospecific genus within the subtribe Cephalanthinae (Rubiaceae, Naucleeae)" masterLastPageNumber="111" masterPageNumber="85" pageNumber="85" updateTime="1679031847363" updateUser="pensoft">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Sylvainia, a new monospecific genus within the subtribe Cephalanthinae (Rubiaceae, Naucleeae)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Romero, Maria Florencia</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Instituto de Botanica del Nordeste (UNNE-CONICET), Corrientes, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">mariafloromero@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Gonzalez, Ana Maria</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Instituto de Botanica del Nordeste (UNNE-CONICET), Corrientes, Argentina &amp; Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias (UNNE), Corrientes, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Salas, Roberto Manuel</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7799-9017</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Instituto de Botanica del Nordeste (UNNE-CONICET), Corrientes, Argentina &amp; Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales y Agrimensura (FaCENA-UNNE), Corrientes, Argentina</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Plant Ecology and Evolution</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2023</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2023-03-15</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>156</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>1</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>85</mods:start>
<mods:end>111</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.90423</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.90423</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">2032-3921-1-85</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">2553BE0AAAD45443BE5D91B26DC952BA</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B4C7728F87E59F8BDEF15A62BBE71DF" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3B4C7728F87E59F8BDEF15A62BBE71DF" lastPageNumber="85" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="85" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
1.
<taxonomicName LSID="3B4C7728-F87E-59F8-BDEF-15A62BBE71DF" authority="Lour. (Loureiro 1790: 67)" authorityName="Lour. (Loureiro" authorityYear="1790" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Cephalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cephalanthus angustifolius" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angustifolius">Cephalanthus angustifolius Lour. (Loureiro 1790: 67)</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="85" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Cephalanthus angustifolius. A. Flowering branch. B. Stipule. C. Partial inflorescence. D. Flower. E. Hypanthium, style, and stigma. F. Corolla at anthesis. G. Ventral view of schizocarp. H. Dorsal view of schizocarp. I. Dorsal view of seed with aril. J. Subventral view of seed with aril. Drawn by Laura Simon." figureDoi="10.5091/plecevo.90423.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/825175" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Figs 2</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Distribution map of Cephalanthus angustifolius, C. glabrifolius, and C. tetrandrus." figureDoi="10.5091/plecevo.90423.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/825177" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">, 3</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="85" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Cephalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cephalanthus stellatus" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stellatus">Cephalanthus stellatus</taxonomicName>
Lour. (
<bibRefCitation author="Loureiro, J de" editor="Loureiro, J de" journalOrPublisher="1. Academia das Cie ̂ ncias de Lisboa, Lisbon" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" pagination="66 - 68" refId="B28" refString="Loureiro, J de, 1790. Genus IV: Cephalanthus. In: Loureiro, J de, Ed., Flora Cochinchinensis, vol. 1. Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, Lisbon: 66 - 68" title="Genus IV: Cephalanthus." volumeTitle="Flora Cochinchinensis, vol." year="1790">Loureiro 1790</bibRefCitation>
: 68).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Acrodryon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Acrodryon angustifolium" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angustifolium">Acrodryon angustifolium</taxonomicName>
(Lour.) Spreng. (
<bibRefCitation author="Sprengel, C" journalOrPublisher="6 (6). F. Fleischer, Leipzig" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" refId="B52" refString="Sprengel, C, 1824. 384. Acrodryon. In: Sprengel C (Ed.) Systema Vegetabilium, vol. 1. Dieterich, Goettingen, 386." title="384. Acrodryon. In: Sprengel C (Ed.) Systema Vegetabilium, vol. 1. Dieterich, Goettingen, 386." year="1824">Sprengel 1824</bibRefCitation>
: 386).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Nauclea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nauclea stellata" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stellata">Nauclea stellata</taxonomicName>
(Lour.) Wall. (
<bibRefCitation author="Wallich, N" journalOrPublisher="Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" refId="B61" refString="Wallich, N, 1832. 6102 Nauclea stellata. In: Wallich N (Ed.) Numerical List of Dried Specimens of Plants in the East India Company's Museum, Collected under the Superintendence of Dr. Wallich of the Company's Botanic Garden at Calcutta. London, 208." title="6102 Nauclea stellata. In: Wallich N (Ed.) Numerical List of Dried Specimens of Plants in the East India Company's Museum, Collected under the Superintendence of Dr. Wallich of the Company's Botanic Garden at Calcutta. London, 208." year="1832">Wallich 1832</bibRefCitation>
: 6102).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Axolus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Axolus angustifolius" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angustifolius">Axolus angustifolius</taxonomicName>
(Lour.) Raf. (
<bibRefCitation author="Rafinesque, CS" journalOrPublisher="Dr. W. Junk Publishers, Dordrecht" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" refId="B39" refString="Rafinesque, CS, 1838. A life of travel and researches in North America and South Europe. Published by the author, Philadelphia. [Reprinted in Chronica Botanica 8: 298-353. 1944. with an introduction by E.D. Merrill.]" title="A life of travel and researches in North America and South Europe. Published by the author, Philadelphia. [Reprinted in Chronica Botanica 8: 298 - 353. 1944. with an introduction by E. D. Merrill.]" year="1838">Rafinesque 1838</bibRefCitation>
: 61), non
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lour. (Loureiro" authorityYear="1790" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Cephalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cephalanthus angustifolius" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angustifolius">Cephalanthus angustifolius</taxonomicName>
Dippel (
<bibRefCitation author="Dippel, L" journalOrPublisher="Linnaea" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" refId="B11" refString="Dippel, L, 1889. I-Cephalanthus Knopfblume. In: Dippel L (Ed.) Handbuch der Laubholzkunde, vol. 1. Verlag von Poul Parey, Berlin, 163-164." title="I-Cephalanthus Knopfblume. In: Dippel L (Ed.) Handbuch der Laubholzkunde, vol. 1. Verlag von Poul Parey, Berlin, 163 - 164." year="1889">Dippel 1889</bibRefCitation>
: 164).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Eresimus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Eresimus stellatus" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="stellatus">Eresimus stellatus</taxonomicName>
(Lour.) Raf. (
<bibRefCitation author="Rafinesque, CS" journalOrPublisher="Dr. W. Junk Publishers, Dordrecht" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" refId="B39" refString="Rafinesque, CS, 1838. A life of travel and researches in North America and South Europe. Published by the author, Philadelphia. [Reprinted in Chronica Botanica 8: 298-353. 1944. with an introduction by E.D. Merrill.]" title="A life of travel and researches in North America and South Europe. Published by the author, Philadelphia. [Reprinted in Chronica Botanica 8: 298 - 353. 1944. with an introduction by E. D. Merrill.]" year="1838">Rafinesque 1838</bibRefCitation>
: 61).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="85" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
<collectingCountry name="Vietnam">VIETNAM</collectingCountry>
•
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Loureiro s.n.</emphasis>
;
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
: BM [BM000606644]; probable isotype: K [K001123035].
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="85" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
Shrub or small tree, up to 3 m tall. Leaves (2-)3-verticillate, pseudopetiolate; pseudopetiole subcylindrical, glabrous, 2-5 mm long; blade oblong to narrowly ovate, glabrous, subcoriaceous, discolorous, (3-)5-13
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1-5 cm, base acute, apex acute or acuminate; veins 3-6 on each side, slightly discolorous, leaf domatia absent; stipules triangular, pubescent on both sides, with dark colleters at the apex and margin, few light colleters on the ventral (inner) side intermingled with numerous trichomes. Inflorescences short pedunculate, peduncle 2-3 cm long, bracteoles spatulate, pubescent, with dark colleters at the apex. Flowers perfect; calyx 4- or 5-lobed, lobes narrowly triangular, pubescent on ventral (inner) side, 1.1-4.0 mm long, margin puberulous, with dark colleters at the interlobular sinuses, infrequent at the margin; corolla hypocrateriform to slightly infundibuliform, 4- or 5-lobed, 5-8 mm long, lobes oblong, 1-2 mm long, with dark colleters at the interlobular sinuses, tube externally glabrous and internally puberulous; stamens 4 or 5, filaments filiform, glabrous, 0.4-0.5 mm long; hypanthium turbinate, glabrous, 0.9-2.0 mm long; style filiform; stigma capitate and exserted at flower maturity. Fruits narrowly obovate, glabrous, 4-5 mm long. Seeds 1.5-2.0 mm long; aril 1.3-1.8 mm long.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.5091/plecevo.90423.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/825175" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lour. (Loureiro" authorityYear="1790" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Cephalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cephalanthus angustifolius" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angustifolius">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Cephalanthus angustifolius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">A</emphasis>
. Flowering branch.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">B</emphasis>
. Stipule.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">C</emphasis>
. Partial inflorescence.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">D</emphasis>
. Flower.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">E</emphasis>
. Hypanthium, style, and stigma.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">F</emphasis>
. Corolla at anthesis.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">G</emphasis>
. Ventral view of schizocarp.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">H</emphasis>
. Dorsal view of schizocarp.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">I</emphasis>
. Dorsal view of seed with aril.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">J</emphasis>
. Subventral view of seed with aril. Drawn by Laura
<normalizedToken originalValue="Simón">Simon</normalizedToken>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="85" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
The species is found in the easternmost region of the Indochina Peninsula. According to
<bibRefCitation author="Puff, C" journalOrPublisher="Dr. W. Junk Publishers, Dordrecht" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" refId="B38" refString="Puff, C, Chamchumroon, V, Esser, HJ, 2021. Flora of Thailand, Vol. 15(1). Rubiaceae (Genera 1-45). The Forest Herbarium, National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Department, Bangkok, 1-235." title="Flora of Thailand, Vol. 15 (1). Rubiaceae (Genera 1 - 45). The Forest Herbarium, National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Department, Bangkok, 1 - 235." year="2021">Puff et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
, it is found in Laos and Vietnam, and probably Thailand. However, in the latter country, no collections have been recorded so far.
<bibRefCitation author="Puff, C" journalOrPublisher="Dr. W. Junk Publishers, Dordrecht" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" refId="B38" refString="Puff, C, Chamchumroon, V, Esser, HJ, 2021. Flora of Thailand, Vol. 15(1). Rubiaceae (Genera 1-45). The Forest Herbarium, National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Department, Bangkok, 1-235." title="Flora of Thailand, Vol. 15 (1). Rubiaceae (Genera 1 - 45). The Forest Herbarium, National Park, Wildlife and Plant Conservation Department, Bangkok, 1 - 235." year="2021">Puff et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
mentioned &quot;It is not completely confirmed whether the species occurs in Thailand or not. It is likely that a collection from the banks of the Mekong at 16°N (
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Harmand s.n.</emphasis>
(W, P)) has originated on the Laos side of the river and no plants have been collected on the Thai side so far. However, being a rheophyte, it is very likely that it is not restricted to the E. banks of the Mekong&quot;. Based on herbarium specimens (HN, F, K, L, NY, P, W), its presence was confirmed for Laos and Vietnam. According to studies of medicinal plants, several authors mentioned that
<taxonomicName family="Rubiaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. angustifolius" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="angustifolius">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">C. angustifolius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is present in Cambodia (
<bibRefCitation author="Dy Phon, P" journalOrPublisher="Linnaea" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" refId="B12" refString="Dy Phon, P, 2000. Dictionary of Plants Used in Cambodia. Imprimerie Olympic, Phnom Penh (published by the author), 1-915." title="Dictionary of Plants Used in Cambodia. Imprimerie Olympic, Phnom Penh (published by the author), 1 - 915." year="2000">Dy Phon 2000</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Kham, L" journalOrPublisher="Regnum Vegetabile" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" refId="B25" refString="Kham, L, 2004. Medicinal Plants of Cambodia: Habitat, Chemical Constituents and Ethnobotanical Uses. Bendigo Scientific Press, Victoria, 1-631." title="Medicinal Plants of Cambodia: Habitat, Chemical Constituents and Ethnobotanical Uses. Bendigo Scientific Press, Victoria, 1 - 631." year="2004">Kham 2004</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Ashwell, D" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" refId="B2" refString="Ashwell, D, Walston, N, 2008. An Overview of the Use and Trade of Plants and Animals in Traditional Medicine Systems in Cambodia. TRAFFIC Southeast Asia, Ha Noi, 1-108." title="An Overview of the Use and Trade of Plants and Animals in Traditional Medicine Systems in Cambodia. TRAFFIC Southeast Asia, Ha Noi, 1 - 108." year="2008">Ashwell and Walston 2008</bibRefCitation>
), however, it was not possible to see the herbarium specimens cited in these studies. The records for this country on the map are based on these citations (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 3" captionStartId="F3" captionText="Figure 3. Distribution map of Cephalanthus angustifolius, C. glabrifolius, and C. tetrandrus." figureDoi="10.5091/plecevo.90423.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/825177" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">3</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.5091/plecevo.90423.figure3" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/825177" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" start="Figure 3" startId="F3">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Figure 3.</emphasis>
Distribution map of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lour. (Loureiro" authorityYear="1790" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Cephalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cephalanthus angustifolius" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angustifolius">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Cephalanthus angustifolius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName family="Rubiaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. glabrifolius" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="glabrifolius">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">C. glabrifolius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName family="Rubiaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. tetrandrus" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="tetrandrus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">C. tetrandrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="85" type="habitat">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Habitat and ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Lour. (Loureiro" authorityYear="1790" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Cephalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cephalanthus angustifolius" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angustifolius">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Cephalanthus angustifolius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a rheophyte, typical of more or less rushing rivers and streams, surrounded by lowland forest, mostly in primary habitats. Some recent collections were made in secondary habitats.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="85" type="phenology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Phenology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Based on the scarce material analysed, it flowers from November to January and produces fruit from April to June.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="85" type="vernacular name">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Vernacular name.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
Khtum kok (Cambodia;
<bibRefCitation author="Dy Phon, P" journalOrPublisher="Linnaea" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" refId="B12" refString="Dy Phon, P, 2000. Dictionary of Plants Used in Cambodia. Imprimerie Olympic, Phnom Penh (published by the author), 1-915." title="Dictionary of Plants Used in Cambodia. Imprimerie Olympic, Phnom Penh (published by the author), 1 - 915." year="2000">Dy Phon 2000</bibRefCitation>
);
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rì">Ri</normalizedToken>
lớn
<normalizedToken originalValue="lá">la</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rì">Ri</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="bông">bong</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="gáo">gao</normalizedToken>
, Vậy
<normalizedToken originalValue="lá">la</normalizedToken>
hẹp (Vietnam).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="85" type="uses and ethnobotanical aspects">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Uses and ethnobotanical aspects.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
The leaves are used as an astringent in traditional medicine in Cambodia. The bark infusion is used as an analgesic for general aches and pains. The plant is traditionally prescribed as an analgesic for childbirth pains (
<bibRefCitation author="Dy Phon, P" journalOrPublisher="Linnaea" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" refId="B12" refString="Dy Phon, P, 2000. Dictionary of Plants Used in Cambodia. Imprimerie Olympic, Phnom Penh (published by the author), 1-915." title="Dictionary of Plants Used in Cambodia. Imprimerie Olympic, Phnom Penh (published by the author), 1 - 915." year="2000">Dy Phon 2000</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Kham, L" journalOrPublisher="Regnum Vegetabile" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" refId="B25" refString="Kham, L, 2004. Medicinal Plants of Cambodia: Habitat, Chemical Constituents and Ethnobotanical Uses. Bendigo Scientific Press, Victoria, 1-631." title="Medicinal Plants of Cambodia: Habitat, Chemical Constituents and Ethnobotanical Uses. Bendigo Scientific Press, Victoria, 1 - 631." year="2004">Kham 2004</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Ashwell, D" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" refId="B2" refString="Ashwell, D, Walston, N, 2008. An Overview of the Use and Trade of Plants and Animals in Traditional Medicine Systems in Cambodia. TRAFFIC Southeast Asia, Ha Noi, 1-108." title="An Overview of the Use and Trade of Plants and Animals in Traditional Medicine Systems in Cambodia. TRAFFIC Southeast Asia, Ha Noi, 1 - 108." year="2008">Ashwell and Walston 2008</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="85" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Additional material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1877-09" country="LAOS" location="Without" municipality="Mekong" specimenCount="1">
<collectingCountry name="Laos">LAOS</collectingCountry>
•
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B4C7728F87E59F8BDEF15A62BBE71DF:F734508EE272B0DC00F1650BBE90EFD4" country="LAOS" municipality="Mekong" name="Without">Without</location>
precise locality, fluminis
<collectingMunicipality>Mekong</collectingMunicipality>
;
<collectingDate value="1877-09">Sep. 1877</collectingDate>
;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Harmand 6270</emphasis>
; P [P03820120, P03820119, P03820118], W
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1913-01-20" collectingDateMax="2016-05-18" collectingDateMin="1913-01-20" collectorName="J. Clemens, M. S. Clemens, de Song Bo, Bach Ma N. P." country="VIETNAM" county="Tourane" elevation="110" latitude="16.139719" location="Krempf" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="107.79083" municipality="Krempf" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Khanh Hoa">
<collectingCountry name="Vietnam">VIETNAM</collectingCountry>
•
<collectingCounty>Tourane</collectingCounty>
;
<collectingDate value="1927-06-04" valueMax="1927-06-13" valueMin="1927-06-04">4-13 Jun. 1927</collectingDate>
;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
<collectorName>J. Clemens</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName>M.S. Clemens</collectorName>
3588
</emphasis>
; P [P03820123]. -
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
<collectingRegion country="Vietnam" name="Khanh Hoa">Khanh Hoa</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
•
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
<collectingMunicipality>Krempf</collectingMunicipality>
s.n.
</emphasis>
; P [P03820121] •
<collectingDate value="1913-01-20">20 Jan. 1913</collectingDate>
;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B4C7728F87E59F8BDEF15A62BBE71DF:7E013EDE9AFC8E205079C299EF5B4B61" country="VIETNAM" county="Tourane" latitude="16.139719" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="107.79083" municipality="Krempf" name="Krempf" stateProvince="Khanh Hoa">Krempf</location>
s.n.
</emphasis>
; P [P03820124] •
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B4C7728F87E59F8BDEF15A62BBE71DF:F052B8DA9A74100DBE1A909E6257F31B" country="VIETNAM" county="Tourane" latitude="16.139719" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="107.79083" municipality="Krempf" name="Nha Trang" stateProvince="Khanh Hoa">Nha Trang</location>
, cascades, au milieu du ruisseau (
<normalizedToken originalValue="îlot">ilot</normalizedToken>
);
<collectingDate value="1953-09-02">2 Sep. 1953</collectingDate>
;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">s.col. s.n.</emphasis>
; P [P04560861] •
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B4C7728F87E59F8BDEF15A62BBE71DF:A8E187CA8304B1B2F9298424AEE48196" country="VIETNAM" county="Tourane" latitude="16.139719" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="107.79083" municipality="Krempf" name="Dien Khanh district" stateProvince="Khanh Hoa">Dien Khanh district</location>
, road transact
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B4C7728F87E59F8BDEF15A62BBE71DF:7105FC0DA0FFCEB78D147EECB33E68EF" country="VIETNAM" county="Tourane" latitude="16.139719" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="107.79083" municipality="Krempf" name="Suoi Cat-Hon Ba" stateProvince="Khanh Hoa">Suoi Cat-Hon Ba</location>
, at km 19 to
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B4C7728F87E59F8BDEF15A62BBE71DF:6BCD515D9A8910AC9753F0E4AACAE004" country="VIETNAM" county="Tourane" latitude="16.139719" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="107.79083" municipality="Krempf" name="Hon Ba" stateProvince="Khanh Hoa">Hon Ba</location>
, forest along rocky riverbank of
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B4C7728F87E59F8BDEF15A62BBE71DF:7607F3A752AED42914222671282461CB" country="VIETNAM" county="Tourane" latitude="16.139719" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="107.79083" municipality="Krempf" name="Da Giang River" stateProvince="Khanh Hoa">Da Giang River</location>
;
<geoCoordinate degrees="12" direction="north" minutes="06" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="53" value="12.114722">
12°06
<normalizedToken originalValue="’53”">'53&quot;</normalizedToken>
N
</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="109" direction="east" minutes="00" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="12" value="109.003334">
109°00
<normalizedToken originalValue="’12”">'12&quot;</normalizedToken>
E
</geoCoordinate>
;
<collectingDate value="2004-06-22">22 Jun. 2004</collectingDate>
;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B4C7728F87E59F8BDEF15A62BBE71DF:E9A04E95BB1E8A11DFE1ED2B5874982F" country="VIETNAM" county="Tourane" latitude="16.139719" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="107.79083" municipality="Krempf" name="Soejarto" stateProvince="Khanh Hoa">Soejarto</location>
13284
</emphasis>
; F, L, P •
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B4C7728F87E59F8BDEF15A62BBE71DF:7526B6ED785BF4389547321B2A2578A4" country="VIETNAM" county="Tourane" latitude="16.139719" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="107.79083" municipality="Krempf" name="Hon Ba Mts" stateProvince="Khanh Hoa">Hon Ba Mts</location>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B4C7728F87E59F8BDEF15A62BBE71DF:8B8D6F20616D78F737DA92B52A7138DE" country="VIETNAM" county="Tourane" latitude="16.139719" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="107.79083" municipality="Krempf" name="Suoi Village" stateProvince="Khanh Hoa">Suoi Village</location>
, road transect
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B4C7728F87E59F8BDEF15A62BBE71DF:9B8532ADA146DD8BB971A8053E62DA5E" country="VIETNAM" county="Tourane" latitude="16.139719" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="107.79083" municipality="Krempf" name="Suoi Village" stateProvince="Khanh Hoa">Suoi Village</location>
to peak a km markers 25-24, lowland tropical forest formation along
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B4C7728F87E59F8BDEF15A62BBE71DF:C0F8162B957E833CE0AA19DAC52D5BC2" country="VIETNAM" county="Tourane" latitude="16.139719" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="107.79083" municipality="Krempf" name="Da Giang river" stateProvince="Khanh Hoa">Da Giang river</location>
;
<geoCoordinate degrees="12" direction="north" minutes="7.97" orientation="latitude" precision="9" value="12.1328335">12°7.97'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="109" direction="east" minutes="1.28" orientation="longitude" precision="9" value="109.02133">109°1.28E</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" unit="m" value="110.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" unit="m" value="110.0">110 m</elevation>
</quantity>
;
<collectingDate value="2004-11-02">2 Nov. 2004</collectingDate>
;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Soejarto 13537</emphasis>
; F, L, P. -
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
Thua
<normalizedToken originalValue="Thiên">Thien</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Hué">Hue</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
•
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bên">Ben</normalizedToken>
Du pro, Thua
<normalizedToken originalValue="Thiên">Thien</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Récolte">Recolte</normalizedToken>
sur le bord
<collectorName>
de
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sông">Song</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bô">Bo</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
;
<geoCoordinate degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="31" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="40.8" value="16.528">
16°31
<normalizedToken originalValue="’40.8”">'40.8&quot;</normalizedToken>
N
</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="107" direction="east" minutes="34" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="22.8" value="107.573">
107°34
<normalizedToken originalValue="’22.8”">'22.8&quot;</normalizedToken>
E
</geoCoordinate>
;
<collectingDate value="1920-05-13">13 May 1920</collectingDate>
;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Poilane 1410</emphasis>
; K, P [P03820122, P03820077] • [Annam], Thua Thien Hue, Nam Dong,
<collectorName>Bach Ma N.P.</collectorName>
, Huong Loc;
<geoCoordinate degrees="16" direction="north" minutes="8" orientation="latitude" precision="1" seconds="22.99" value="16.139719">
16°8
<normalizedToken originalValue="’22.99”">'22.99&quot;</normalizedToken>
N
</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="107" direction="east" minutes="47" orientation="longitude" precision="1" seconds="27.00" value="107.79083">
107°47
<normalizedToken originalValue="’27.00”">'27.00&quot;</normalizedToken>
E
</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3699999999999999" unit="m" value="137.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3699999999999999" unit="m" value="137.0">137 m</elevation>
</quantity>
;
<collectingDate value="2016-05-18">18 May 2016</collectingDate>
;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Hai 1150</emphasis>
; HN, NY
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="85" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="85">
According to
<bibRefCitation author="Stafleu, FA" journalOrPublisher="6 (6). F. Fleischer, Leipzig" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" refId="B53" refString="Stafleu, FA, Cowan, RS, 1981. Taxonomic Literature: A Selective Guide to Botanical Publications and Collections with Dates, Commentaries and Types. Vol. III: Lh-O. Second Edition. Bohn, Scheltema &amp; Holkema, Utrecht, 1-980." title="Taxonomic Literature: A Selective Guide to Botanical Publications and Collections with Dates, Commentaries and Types. Vol. III: Lh-O. Second Edition. Bohn, Scheltema &amp; Holkema, Utrecht, 1 - 980." year="1981">Stafleu and Cowan (1981</bibRefCitation>
: 174), most of the collections of Loureiro are deposited in BM, while few specimens are also preserved at P and LINN. The remaining collections deposited in LISU were apparently destroyed, without explanation how it happened. After consulting the collections in BM, only one type specimen of Loureiro was found, which coincides with the results of the earlier
<taxonomicName authorityName="L. (Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Cephalanthus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cephalanthus" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Cephalanthus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
revisions (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1897.tb00653.x" author="Haviland, GD" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of the Linnean Society, Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" pagination="1 - 94" refId="B17" refString="Haviland, GD, 1897. A revision of the tribe Naucleeae. The Journal of the Linnean Society, Botany 33: 1 - 94, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1897.tb00653.x" title="A revision of the tribe Naucleeae." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1897.tb00653.x" volume="33" year="1897">Haviland 1897</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation author="Ridsdale, CE" journalOrPublisher="Blumea" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" pagination="177 - 188" publicationUrl="https://repository.naturalis.nl/pub/525016" refId="B41" refString="Ridsdale, CE, 1976. A revision of the tribe Cephalantheae (Rubiaceae). Blumea 23 (1): 177 - 188, https://repository.naturalis.nl/pub/525016" title="A revision of the tribe Cephalantheae (Rubiaceae)." url="https://repository.naturalis.nl/pub/525016" volume="23" year="1976">Ridsdale 1976</bibRefCitation>
).
<bibRefCitation author="Loureiro, J de" editor="Loureiro, J de" journalOrPublisher="1. Academia das Cie ̂ ncias de Lisboa, Lisbon" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" pagination="66 - 68" refId="B28" refString="Loureiro, J de, 1790. Genus IV: Cephalanthus. In: Loureiro, J de, Ed., Flora Cochinchinensis, vol. 1. Academia das Ciências de Lisboa, Lisbon: 66 - 68" title="Genus IV: Cephalanthus." volumeTitle="Flora Cochinchinensis, vol." year="1790">Loureiro (1790)</bibRefCitation>
described
<taxonomicName family="Rubiaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. angustifolius" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="angustifolius">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">C. angustifolius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName family="Rubiaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. stellatus" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="stellatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">C. stellatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the same treatment of Flora Cochinchinensis, separating the first by its opposite leaves (vs verticillate leaves in
<taxonomicName family="Rubiaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. stellatus" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="stellatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">C. stellatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1897.tb00653.x" author="Haviland, GD" journalOrPublisher="The Journal of the Linnean Society, Botany" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" pagination="1 - 94" refId="B17" refString="Haviland, GD, 1897. A revision of the tribe Naucleeae. The Journal of the Linnean Society, Botany 33: 1 - 94, DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1897.tb00653.x" title="A revision of the tribe Naucleeae." url="https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8339.1897.tb00653.x" volume="33" year="1897">Haviland (1897)</bibRefCitation>
noticed that the available type specimen in BM does not match in all aspects with the diagnosis of
<taxonomicName family="Rubiaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. angustifolius" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="angustifolius">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">C. angustifolius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, because the specimen has verticillate leaves, while the description mentions opposite. All available specimens of
<taxonomicName family="Rubiaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. angustifolius" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="angustifolius">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">C. angustifolius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
have invariably verticillate leaves. Similar incongruence, in other taxa of Loureiro, was mentioned for
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Stapelia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Stapelia cochinchinensis" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" phylum="Magnoliophyta" rank="species" species="cochinchinensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">Stapelia cochinchinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Lour. and
<taxonomicName lsidName="S. chinensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="chinensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">S. chinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Lour. (
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.12705/656.21" author="Rodda, M" journalOrPublisher="Taxon" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" pagination=": 1430" refId="B43" refString="Rodda, M, 2016. (2485) Proposal to reject the name Stapelia cochinchinensis (Hoya cochinchinensis) (Apocynaceae). Taxon 65 (6): 1430, DOI: https://doi.org/10.12705/656.21" title="(2485) Proposal to reject the name Stapelia cochinchinensis (Hoya cochinchinensis) (Apocynaceae)." url="https://doi.org/10.12705/656.21" volume="65" year="2016">Rodda 2016</bibRefCitation>
). Some morphological aspects of one type appeared in the description of the other name, and vice versa. As for the type of
<taxonomicName family="Rubiaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. angustifolius" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="angustifolius">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">C. angustifolius</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName family="Rubiaceae" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="C. stellatus" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="85" rank="species" species="stellatus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="85">C. stellatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, we follow Haviland in considering them as homotypic synonyms.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>