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<document id="F69532714392761AE4EB18BA8D276A28" ID-CLB-Dataset="128838" ID-DOI="10.5962/bhl.part.117796" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b20246c2-93f2-4240-ae89-5a9675d9235b" ID-ISSN="0035-418X" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5828477" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1641577954417" checkinUser="carolina" docAuthor="Kehlmaier, Christian" docDate="2011" docId="3B161B5AFFD2FFE6FF4BE71F902E391B" docLanguage="en" docName="RevSuisseZool.118.1.31-37.pdf.imf" docOrigin="Revue suisse de Zoologie 118 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:0846B485C0C87F6EB7648DEEBF34B77F.2:RevSuisseZool.2011-2014.journal_article" docStyleId="0846B485C0C87F6EB7648DEEBF34B77F" docStyleName="RevSuisseZool.2011-2014.journal_article" docStyleVersion="2" docTitle="Eudorylas manasi Kehlmaier &amp; D- 2011, sp. n." docType="treatment" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="34" masterDocId="C72F6322FFD3FFE3FFD3E55A941D3820" masterDocTitle="A new Eudorylas Aczél, 1940 from Central Asia (Diptera: Pipunculidae)" masterLastPageNumber="37" masterPageNumber="31" pageNumber="32" updateTime="1699296703813" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="BAA0DEA5B535910A9DDC63368C11C3B2">A new Eudorylas Aczél, 1940 from Central Asia (Diptera: Pipunculidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4C13CC31650E06941A6C18CE044F0B44">Kehlmaier, Christian</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="81D01E2FC1E7F72E9B62EC6370E2B087">2011</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="F1DCCCE53166B974CDA6A11DD139E727">2011-03-31</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="DE67E8253CAF2D1B4292052EA1B9D881">118</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier id="5F3095FD9B69C9AE372353B1BB7BC6E5" type="DOI">10.5962/bhl.part.117796</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="3B161B5AFFD2FFE6FF4BE71F902E391B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7022965" ID-GBIF-Taxon="199832222" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7022965" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B161B5AFFD2FFE6FF4BE71F902E391B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3B161B5AFFD2FFE6FF4BE71F902E391B" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
<subSubSection id="FBA5F9C7FFD2FFE2FF4BE71F96043A7D" box="[152,537,581,605]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B300AA4CFFD2FFE2FF4BE71F96043A7D" blockId="1.[152,537,581,605]" box="[152,537,581,605]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
<heading id="E8481D20FFD2FFE2FF4BE71F96043A7D" box="[152,537,581,605]" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" reason="2">
<taxonomicName id="74BFD1CFFFD2FFE2FF4BE71F95C53A7D" ID-CoL="8C43D" authority="Kehlmaier" authorityName="Kehlmaier &amp; D-" authorityYear="2011" box="[152,472,581,605]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Eudorylas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manasi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="81CB765EFFD2FFE2FF4BE71F957D3A7D" bold="true" box="[152,352,581,605]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Eudorylas manasi</emphasis>
Kehlmaier
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AF8CB25FFD2FFE2FE0CE71C96043A7D" box="[479,537,582,605]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA5F9C7FFD2FFE2FF30E73094EC3BB6" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B300AA4CFFD2FFE2FF30E730959E3A91" blockId="1.[152,1075,617,689]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
TYPE MATERIAL:
<materialsCitation id="03D7A011FFD2FFE2FE59E730959E3A91" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="3893431303" collectingDate="1994-07-08" collectionCode="MHNG" collectorName="Korneyev" country="Kyrgyzstan" elevation="2575" latitude="41.959484" location="Kayingdy Kattah Mountain Ridge" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="79.13528" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Sary Dzhaz River Basin" typeStatus="holotype">
<typeStatus id="6C0414EEFFD2FFE2FE59E73095FB3A5F" box="[394,486,618,639]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
,
<specimenCount id="A5B961C5FFD2FFE2FE20E733961A3A5E" box="[499,519,617,638]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
,
<collectingCountry id="CBA8EADCFFD2FFE2FDC4E73096DF3A5F" box="[535,706,618,639]" name="Kyrgyzstan" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Kyrgyz Republic</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="717B64AEFFD2FFE2FD03E73097DB3A5F" box="[720,966,618,639]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Sary Dzhaz River Basin</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="B660FC97FFD2FFE2FC00E730958E3AB8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B161B5AFFD2FFE6FF4BE71F902E391B:B660FC97FFD2FFE2FC00E730958E3AB8" country="Kyrgyzstan" county="Mountain Ridge" latitude="41.959484" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="79.13528" municipality="Kayingdy Kattah Mountain" name="Kayingdy Kattah Mountain Ridge" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" stateProvince="Sary Dzhaz River Basin">Kayingdy Kattah Mountain Ridge</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="D68BCC8BFFD2FFE2FE75E7D996253AB8" box="[422,568,643,664]" degrees="41" direction="north" minutes="57" orientation="latitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" precision="1" seconds="34.14" value="41.959484">41°57'34.14&quot;N</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="D68BCC8BFFD2FFE2FD94E7D996DC3AB8" box="[583,705,643,664]" degrees="79" direction="east" minutes="8" orientation="longitude" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" precision="1" seconds="7.01" value="79.13528">79°8'7.01&quot;E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="744707A9FFD2FFE2FD07E7D9974A3AB8" box="[724,855,643,664]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.575" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="2.55" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" unit="m" value="2575.0" valueMax="2600.0" valueMin="2550.0">
<elevation id="38924D7FFFD2FFE2FD07E7D9974A3AB8" box="[724,855,643,664]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.575" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="2.55" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" unit="m" value="2575.0" valueMax="2600.0" valueMin="2550.0">2550–2600m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<date id="C7018C8CFFD2FFE2FCB9E7D997C53AB8" box="[874,984,643,664]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" value="1994-07-08">
<collectingDate id="D7457564FFD2FFE2FCB9E7D997C53AB8" box="[874,984,643,664]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" value="1994-07-08">8.VII.1994</collectingDate>
</date>
, leg. V.
<collectorName id="1E4ACF9AFFD2FFE2FF4BE7C694E53A91" box="[152,248,668,689]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Korneyev</collectorName>
, coll.
<collectionCode id="D5AE3289FFD2FFE2FEE1E7C695633A91" box="[306,382,668,689]" country="Switzerland" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/2jyg-xmd2" name="Museum d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" type="Museum">MHNG</collectionCode>
.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B300AA4CFFD2FFE2FF30E79894EC3BB6" blockId="1.[152,1075,706,918]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
LOCUS TYPICUS: The specimen was collected in the eastern most part of the country in the Sary Dzhaz River Basin in the Kayingdy Kattah Mountain Ridge which belongs to the Central Tien Shan Mountains. The locality can be characterized as a dry steppe with maximum day temperatures at 16–21°C and stony or poor soils. Vegetation is composed of few Gramineae grasses, some
<taxonomicName id="74BFD1CFFFD2FFE2FD5BE61A96ED3B77" box="[648,752,832,855]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Artemisia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81CB765EFFD2FFE2FD5BE61A96ED3B77" box="[648,752,832,855]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Artemisia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="74BFD1CFFFD2FFE2FD2EE61A97283B77" box="[765,821,832,855]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Aster" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81CB765EFFD2FFE2FD2EE61A97283B77" box="[765,821,832,855]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Aster</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="74BFD1CFFFD2FFE2FC97E61A97AD3B77" box="[836,944,832,855]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Plumbaginaceae" genus="Limonium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81CB765EFFD2FFE2FC97E61A97AD3B77" box="[836,944,832,855]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Limonium</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="74BFD1CFFFD2FFE2FC6DE61A90363B77" box="[958,1067,832,855]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Saussurea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81CB765EFFD2FFE2FC6DE61A90363B77" box="[958,1067,832,855]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Saussurea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="74BFD1CFFFD2FFE2FF4BE60594F33B56" box="[152,238,863,886]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Youngia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81CB765EFFD2FFE2FF4BE60594F33B56" box="[152,238,863,886]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Youngia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
plus willow shrubs (
<taxonomicName id="74BFD1CFFFD2FFE2FE1FE605961C3B56" box="[460,513,863,886]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Salicaceae" genus="Salix" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81CB765EFFD2FFE2FE1FE605961C3B56" box="[460,513,863,886]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Salix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and birches (
<taxonomicName id="74BFD1CFFFD2FFE2FD4AE60596C23B56" box="[665,735,863,886]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Betulaceae" genus="Betula" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fagales" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81CB765EFFD2FFE2FD4AE60596C23B56" box="[665,735,863,886]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Betula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) along streams (Korneyev pers. comm.).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA5F9C7FFD2FFE2FF30E6FC96F33BDC" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="B300AA4CFFD2FFE2FF30E6FC96F33BDC" blockId="1.[152,1074,934,1020]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">ETYMOLOGY: The taxon is named after the eponymous hero of the Epic of Manas, a traditional poem of the Kyrgyz people consisting of approximately 500.000 lines. Besides, Manasi is also a Hindi female forename.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA5F9C7FFD2FFE0FF30E15595AC3D32" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="34" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" type="description">
<paragraph id="B300AA4CFFD2FFE2FF30E15595A73C06" blockId="1.[152,1075,1039,1660]" box="[227,442,1039,1062]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">DESCRIPTION (Male)</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B300AA4CFFD2FFE2FF30E17596083C66" blockId="1.[152,1075,1039,1660]" box="[227,533,1071,1094]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="81CB765EFFD2FFE2FF30E17595783C66" box="[227,357,1071,1094]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Body length</emphasis>
: About
<quantity id="744707A9FFD2FFE2FE68E175960C3C66" box="[443,529,1071,1094]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="3.9">3.9 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B300AA4CFFD2FFE2FF30E114900B3D22" blockId="1.[152,1075,1039,1660]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="81CB765EFFD2FFE2FF30E11495003C45" box="[227,285,1102,1125]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Head</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="2B84B6C9FFD2FFE2FEFEE114958C3C45" box="[301,401,1102,1125]" captionStart-0="FIG" captionStart-1="FIG" captionStartId-0="2.[566,579,890,911]" captionStartId-1="2.[569,582,1610,1631]" captionTargetBox-0="[139,1059,229,864]" captionTargetBox-1="[137,1055,991,1587]" captionTargetId-0="figure-9@2.[139,1060,229,864]" captionTargetId-1="figure-27@2.[136,1055,991,1587]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="2" captionText-0="FIG. 1 Left lateral view of male holotype of E. manasi sp. n." captionText-1="FIG. 2 Right dorsolateral view of head and thorax of male holotype of E. manasi sp. n." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5828479" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5828481" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5828479/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5828481/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Figs 1–2</figureCitation>
): Face dark, silver-grey pollinose. Scape dark, with one short upper bristle. Pedicel dark, with two short upper bristles and one short lower bristle. Flagellum dark yellow, tapering and grey pollinose (LF:WF=2.6). Arista dark, flattened, with thickened base. Eyes meeting for 13 facets. F:EM:V=1:1.1:0.8. Frons dark, silver-grey pollinose. Vertex dark, lacking pollinosity. Occiput dark and grey pollinose, but with a whiff of faint brownish pollinosity intermingled in upper half.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B300AA4CFFD2FFE2FF30E051901A3DFF" blockId="1.[152,1075,1039,1660]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="81CB765EFFD2FFE2FF30E051952D3D02" box="[227,304,1291,1314]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Thorax</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="2B84B6C9FFD2FFE2FE93E05195BF3D02" box="[320,418,1291,1314]" captionStart-0="FIG" captionStart-1="FIG" captionStartId-0="2.[566,579,890,911]" captionStartId-1="2.[569,582,1610,1631]" captionTargetBox-0="[139,1059,229,864]" captionTargetBox-1="[137,1055,991,1587]" captionTargetId-0="figure-9@2.[139,1060,229,864]" captionTargetId-1="figure-27@2.[136,1055,991,1587]" captionTargetPageId-0="2" captionTargetPageId-1="2" captionText-0="FIG. 1 Left lateral view of male holotype of E. manasi sp. n." captionText-1="FIG. 2 Right dorsolateral view of head and thorax of male holotype of E. manasi sp. n." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5828479" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5828481" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/5828479/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/5828481/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Figs 1–2</figureCitation>
): Pleura, prescutum, scutum and scutellum dark. Pleura grey pollinose. Postpronotal lobe yellow, weakly grey pollinose and with four postpronotal hairs along upper margin. Prescutum and scutum narrowly grey pollinose in anterior quarter, posterior fifth and narrowly along lateral margins, otherwise brown pollinose and with two uniseriate dorsocentral rows of hair and some supra-alar hairs. Scutellum dorsocentrally brown pollinose, otherwise grey pollinose and with approximately ten hairs along posterior margin (up to
<quantity id="744707A9FFD2FFE2FDC6E09296643DFF" box="[533,633,1480,1503]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="0.06">0.06 mm</quantity>
). Subscutellum silver-grey pollinose.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B300AA4CFFD2FFE2FF30E0BD95C53E5C" blockId="1.[152,1075,1039,1660]" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="81CB765EFFD2FFE2FF30E0BD95073DDE" box="[227,282,1511,1534]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="32">Wing</emphasis>
: Length:
<quantity id="744707A9FFD2FFE2FE58E0BD95F83DDE" box="[395,485,1511,1534]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="4.5">4.5 mm</quantity>
. LW:MWW=3.9. Wing almost entirely covered with microtrichia. Only small basal cells of wing, e.g., bc, basal quarter of c, very beginning of r1 and middle part of sc with microtrichia absent or reduced. Pterostigma complete (LS:LTC=1.0). LTC:LFC=1.1. r-m reaches dm shortly before one third of the cell’s length. M1 gently undulating.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E7C0FAC4FFD1FFE1FDE5E620974B3B8D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5828479" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5828479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5828479/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" startId="2.[566,579,890,911]" targetBox="[139,1059,229,864]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="B300AA4CFFD1FFE1FDE5E620974B3B8D" blockId="2.[335,854,890,942]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
FIG. 1 Left lateral view of male holotype of
<taxonomicName id="74BFD1CFFFD1FFE1FD68E6C397063B8E" authority="Kehlmaier &amp; D-, 2011" authorityName="Kehlmaier &amp; D-" authorityYear="2011" box="[699,795,921,942]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Eudorylas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manasi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="81CB765EFFD1FFE1FD68E6C397063B8E" box="[699,795,921,942]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">E. manasi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AF8CB25FFD1FFE1FCF1E6C2974B3B8D" box="[802,854,920,941]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="E7C0FAC4FFD1FFE1FDEAE31097C43E5D" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5828481" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5828481" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5828481/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" startId="2.[569,582,1610,1631]" targetBox="[137,1055,991,1587]" targetPageId="2">
<paragraph id="B300AA4CFFD1FFE1FDEAE31097C43E5D" blockId="2.[211,985,1610,1661]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">
FIG. 2 Right dorsolateral view of head and thorax of male holotype of
<taxonomicName id="74BFD1CFFFD1FFE1FCEEE33297803E5D" authority="Kehlmaier &amp; D-, 2011" authorityName="Kehlmaier &amp; D-" authorityYear="2011" box="[829,925,1640,1661]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Eudorylas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manasi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="81CB765EFFD1FFE1FCEEE33297803E5D" box="[829,925,1640,1661]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="33">E. manasi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AF8CB25FFD1FFE1FC77E33297C43E5D" box="[932,985,1640,1661]" pageId="2" pageNumber="33" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B300AA4CFFD0FFE0FF30E5BF97A338DB" blockId="3.[152,1075,228,1258]" box="[227,958,228,252]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="81CB765EFFD0FFE0FF30E5BF953438DC" box="[227,297,229,252]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Halter</emphasis>
: Length:
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. Base and knob dark. Stem narrowly white.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B300AA4CFFD0FFE0FF30E45E97E43A55" blockId="3.[152,1075,228,1258]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="81CB765EFFD0FFE0FF30E45E9508393B" box="[227,277,260,283]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Legs</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation id="2B84B6C9FFD0FFE0FEF5E45E957B393B" box="[294,358,260,283]" captionStart="FIG" captionStartId="2.[566,579,890,911]" captionTargetBox="[139,1059,229,864]" captionTargetId="figure-9@2.[139,1060,229,864]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIG. 1 Left lateral view of male holotype of E. manasi sp. n." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5828479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/5828479/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
): Coxae dark, grey pollinose and with a yellow anteroapical margin on front and mid coxae. Mid coxa with one strong flattened dark anterior bristle and two shorter hairs on inner apical corner. Trochanters brownish-yellow, partly grey pollinose. Hind trochanter with about 4 short hairs anteroventrally. Femora dark, distinctly yellow at apices, grey pollinose except hind femur shining posteroventrally. Mid femur bearing two ventral rows of small peglike spines in apical two thirds. Front femur with posteroventral row of such spines in apical two thirds. Hind femur without such distinct ventral spines. Tibiae yellow and entirely grey pollinose, but ventrally in apical half brownish. Front and mid tibiae with small apical spines, as long as pulvilli. Hind tibia with a wrinkled indentation midanteriorly bearing no prominent spines or hairs. Tarsi yellowish and weakly grey pollinose, but distitarsus dorsally brown. Pulvilli as long as (fore leg) or slightly shorter (mid and hind leg) than distitarsi.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B300AA4CFFD0FFE0FF30E724968B3B12" blockId="3.[152,1075,228,1258]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="81CB765EFFD0FFE0FF30E72495553AB5" box="[227,328,638,661]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Abdomen</emphasis>
(
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): Ground colour dark. Tergite 1 with five dark lateral bristles (up to
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). Tergite 1 entirely grey pollinose. Tergite 2 to 5 laterally grey pollinose, extending onto dorsal surface along posterior margin and meeting (broadly so on tergite 2 and 5), otherwise brown pollinose. Syntergosternite 8 dark. Membranous area rather large and ovate, broadest in upper half, placed slightly to the right and caudally directed (Fig. 6). Sternites dark, grey pollinose.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B300AA4CFFD0FFE0FF30E660902F3CCA" blockId="3.[152,1075,228,1258]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
<emphasis id="81CB765EFFD0FFE0FF30E66095553B71" box="[227,328,826,849]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Genitalia</emphasis>
: Genital capsule dorsal view: Epandrium distinctly paler than tergites and longer than wide (MLE:MWE=1.2). Surstyli of the same colour as epandrium and asymmetrical (Fig. 9). Right surstylus deeply scythe-shaped with a long inner fingerlike projection, left surstylus of triangular shape. Genital capsule ventral view: Gonopods asymmetric, left one of medium size, right one small (Fig. 3). Phallus trifid, presumably all ejaculatory ducts of equal length (one ejaculatory duct is partly missing) and circular (Fig. 5). Phallic guide rather long, narrow and pointed, with lateral hairs in its middle (Fig. 3). Dorsal projections and hyaline ventral lobe somewhat visible but best seen from lateral view (see below). Subepandrial sclerite with few scattered inconspicuous hairs. Genital capsule lateral view: Left side of epandrium without a projecting ventral lobe but with a blunt angle (Fig. 10). Left surstylus distinctly convex dorsally (Fig. 10). Right surstylus as in Fig. 8. Phallic guide dorsomedially with two distinctive rather symmetric upcurved hooklike projections and a hyaline apical lobe on its left side (Fig. 4). Ejaculatory apodeme spade-shaped (Fig. 7).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B300AA4CFFD0FFE0FF30E1A195AC3D32" blockId="3.[227,433,1275,1298]" box="[227,433,1275,1298]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">FEMALE: unknown.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA5F9C7FFD0FFE6FF30E07C902E391B" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B300AA4CFFD0FFE6FF30E07C902E391B" blockId="3.[152,1075,1318,1661]" lastBlockId="5.[152,1075,228,315]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="36" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">
REMARKS: The species is placed within the
<taxonomicName id="74BFD1CFFFD0FFE0FD61E07C97613D1D" baseAuthorityName="Zetterstedt" baseAuthorityYear="1844" box="[690,892,1318,1341]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Eudorylas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fascipes">
<emphasis id="81CB765EFFD0FFE0FD61E07C97613D1D" box="[690,892,1318,1341]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Eudorylas fascipes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species group as defined by
<bibRefCitation id="D72ED7BDFFD0FFE0FEC3E01C95C23D7D" author="KEHLMAIER, C." box="[272,479,1350,1373]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" pagination="45 - 353" refId="ref2647" refString="KEHLMAIER, C. 2005 a. Taxanomic revision of European Eudorylini (Insecta, Diptera, Pipunculidae). Verhandlungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins in Hamburg (NF) 41: 45 - 353." type="journal article" year="2005">Kehlmaier (2005a)</bibRefCitation>
: Taxa with predominantly yellow postpronotal lobe and base of hind femur, the latter at least anteroventrally; males with a distinct dorsal projection in the shape of a lobe, nose, hook etc. on their phallic guide emerging from the middle part; left surstylus of triangular shape; female with distinctly bilobed ovipositor’s base. In Europe, this group comprises nine rather common taxa.
<taxonomicName id="74BFD1CFFFD0FFE0FC17E09C94F63DDD" authority="Kehlmaier &amp; D-, 2011" authorityName="Kehlmaier &amp; D-" authorityYear="2011" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Eudorylas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="manasi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="81CB765EFFD0FFE0FC17E09C94F63DDD" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="34">Eudorylas manasi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AF8CB25FFD0FFE0FF38E0BC95393DDD" box="[235,292,1510,1533]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
can be readily separated by the shape of its genitalia, most striking by the lateral shape of the phallic guide with its upcurved dorsomedial hooks but surstyli, gonopods and membranous area of syntergosternite 8 provide additional diagnostic features. For genital illustrations of the nine European taxa see
<bibRefCitation id="D72ED7BDFFD0FFE0FC8DE31C90323E7D" author="KEHLMAIER, C." box="[862,1071,1606,1629]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" pagination="45 - 353" refId="ref2647" refString="KEHLMAIER, C. 2005 a. Taxanomic revision of European Eudorylini (Insecta, Diptera, Pipunculidae). Verhandlungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins in Hamburg (NF) 41: 45 - 353." type="journal article" year="2005">Kehlmaier (2005a)</bibRefCitation>
. Concerning the Eastern Palaearctic (
<bibRefCitation id="D72ED7BDFFD0FFE0FDF7E33C96AD3E5D" author="COLLIN, J. E." box="[548,688,1638,1661]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" pagination="218 - 224" refId="ref2517" refString="COLLIN, J. E. 1941. Some Pipunculidae and Empididae from the Ussuri region on the Far Eastern border of the U. S. S. R. (Diptera). Part 1. Proceedings of the Royal Entomological Society of London, Series B, Taxonomy 10: 218 - 224." type="journal article" year="1941">Collin, 1941</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="D72ED7BDFFD0FFE0FD6EE33C977E3E5D" author="KOZANEK, M." box="[701,867,1638,1661]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" pagination="945 - 948" refId="ref2717" refString="KOZANEK, M. 1988. Description of two new species of the genus Eudorylas (Diptera, Pipunculidae) from Soviet Middle Asia. Biologia 43 (10): 945 - 948." type="journal article" year="1988">Kozánek, 1988</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="D72ED7BDFFD0FFE0FCA3E33C97B43E5D" author="KOZANEK, M." box="[880,937,1638,1661]" pageId="3" pageNumber="34" pagination="1 - 16" refId="ref2752" refString="KOZANEK, M. 1992. Contribution to the pipunculid fauna of Mongolia (Diptera: Pipunculidae). Akitu, New Series 131: 1 - 16." type="book chapter" year="1992">1992</bibRefCitation>
; Kozánek &amp; Kwon, 1991;
<bibRefCitation id="D72ED7BDFFD6FFE6FEFCE5BE95E938DB" author="KUZNETZOV, S. Y." box="[303,500,228,251]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" pagination="23 - 50" refId="ref2829" refString="KUZNETZOV, S. Y. 1990 a. New Palaearctic species of Pipunculidae (Diptera). Dipterological Research 1: 23 - 50." type="journal article" year="1990">Kuznetzov, 1990a</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="D72ED7BDFFD6FFE6FDD1E5BE965A38DB" author="KUZNETZOV, S. Y." box="[514,583,228,251]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" pagination="378 - 393" refId="ref2855" refString="KUZNETZOV, S. Y. 1990 b. New species of the family Pipunculidae (Diptera) from Mongolia. Insects of Mongolia 11: 378 - 393 (in Russian)." type="journal article" year="1990">1990b</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="D72ED7BDFFD6FFE6FD87E5BE969138DB" author="KUZNETZOV, S. Y." box="[596,652,228,251]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" pagination="201 - 207" refId="ref2889" refString="KUZNETZOV, S. Y. 1993. A new species of Eudorylas Aczel (Diptera, Pipunculidae) from Turkmenistan. Dipterological Reaserch 4 (4): 201 - 207." type="journal article" year="1993">1993</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="D72ED7BDFFD6FFE6FD4AE5BE96CF38DB" author="KUZNETZOV, S. Y." box="[665,722,228,251]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" pagination="33 - 37" refId="ref2922" refString="KUZNETZOV, S. Y. 1994. A new species of Eudorylas Aczel (Diptera, Pipunculidae) from the Middle Asia. Dipterological Research 5 (1): 33 - 37." type="journal article" year="1994">1994</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="D72ED7BDFFD6FFE6FD0CE5BE97CC38DB" author="MORAKOTE, R. &amp; HIRASHIMA, Y. &amp; YANO, K." box="[735,977,228,252]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" pagination="281 - 355" refId="ref2957" refString="MORAKOTE, R., HIRASHIMA, Y. &amp; YANO, K. 1990. A Systematic Study of the Japanese Pipunculidae (Diptera) Part V. The Genus Eudorylas Aczel. Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture Kyushu University 34 (4): 281 - 355." type="journal article" year="1990">
Morakote
<emphasis id="81CB765EFFD6FFE6FC83E5BF979F38DC" box="[848,898,229,252]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">et al</emphasis>
., 1990
</bibRefCitation>
; Yang &amp; Xu, 1989, 1996;
<bibRefCitation id="D72ED7BDFFD6FFE6FE9FE45E9617393B" author="XU, Y. &amp; YANG, C. - K." box="[332,522,260,283]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" pagination="305 - 308" refId="ref3188" refString="XU, Y. &amp; YANG, C. - K. 1990. Contributions to Pipunculidae (Diptera) from Nei Mongol. Entomotaxonomia XII (3 - 4): 305 - 308." type="journal article" year="1990">Xu &amp; Yang, 1990</bibRefCitation>
), only
<taxonomicName id="74BFD1CFFFD6FFE6FD80E45F902F393B" authority="Morakote &amp; Yano, 1990" authorityName="Morakote &amp; Yano" authorityYear="1990" box="[595,1074,260,284]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Eudorylas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="duocollis">
<emphasis id="81CB765EFFD6FFE6FD80E45F9734393C" box="[595,809,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Eudorylas duocollis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D72ED7BDFFD6FFE6FCE3E45E902F393B" author="MORAKOTE, R. &amp; HIRASHIMA, Y. &amp; YANO, K." box="[816,1074,260,283]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" pagination="281 - 355" refId="ref2957" refString="MORAKOTE, R., HIRASHIMA, Y. &amp; YANO, K. 1990. A Systematic Study of the Japanese Pipunculidae (Diptera) Part V. The Genus Eudorylas Aczel. Journal of the Faculty of Agriculture Kyushu University 34 (4): 281 - 355." type="journal article" year="1990">Morakote &amp; Yano, 1990</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="CBA8EADCFFD6FFE6FF01E47E950C391B" box="[210,273,292,315]" name="Japan" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Japan</collectingCountry>
, and known from the female sex only, might also be assigned to this group.
</paragraph>
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</treatment>
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<paragraph id="B300AA4CFFD6FFE6FF4BE43E964539BB" blockId="5.[152,1074,356,411]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">
ADDENDA TO THE IDENTIFICATION KEY OF MALE
<taxonomicName id="74BFD1CFFFD6FFE6FD73E43E9703395B" ID-CoL="89P8S" ID-ENA="115256" box="[672,798,356,379]" family="Pipunculidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" rank="tribe">EUDORYLINI</taxonomicName>
PROVIDED IN KEHLMAIER (2005A: 57FF) STARTING FROM COUPLET 40
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<key id="C72EFD7DFFD6FFE6FF4BE4F6902F3AC3" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">
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<keyLead id="084E0979FFD6FFE6FF4BE4F6902F39E3" box="[152,1074,428,451]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">40 Ducts of phallus coiled to an almost complete circle (Fig. 5)........... 40a</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B300AA4CFFD6FFE6FF4BE496902F39C3" blockId="5.[152,1074,428,740]" box="[152,1074,460,483]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">
<keyLead id="084E0979FFD6FFE6FF4BE496902F39C3" box="[152,1074,460,483]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">40* Ducts of phallus shorter, at maximum semi-circular................... 41</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B300AA4CFFD6FFE6FF4BE4B6902F3A63" blockId="5.[152,1074,428,740]" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">
<keyLead id="084E0979FFD6FFE6FF4BE4B6902F3A63" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">
40a Left gonopod larger than right one (Fig. 3). Phallic guide viewed laterally, with two upcurved dorsomedial hooks (Fig. 4). Membranous area of syntergosternite 8 large (Fig. 6)...
<taxonomicName id="74BFD1CFFFD6FFE6FD6BE77797EF3A63" authority="Kehlmaier" authorityName="Kehlmaier" authorityYear="2011" box="[696,1010,556,580]" class="Insecta" family="Pipunculidae" genus="Eudorylas" kingdom="Animalia" order="Diptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="36" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="masani" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="81CB765EFFD6FFE6FD6BE77797643A64" box="[696,889,557,580]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="36">Eudorylas masani</emphasis>
Kehlmaier
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40a* Left gonopod smaller than right one (see Fig. 36a in
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. Phallic guide viewed laterally, with two small triangular dorsomedial projections (see Fig. 36b in
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. Membranous area of syntergosternite 8 small (see Fig. 36e in
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<document id="239EB6734C6693CBE3789985B0B0877A" ID-ISSN="1175­5334" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629794286657" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Hodgson, Chris J. &amp; Peronti, Ana L. B. G." docDate="2012" docId="3B168794FF14F8BCFF1AFE36BE38E7C6" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03372p265.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3372" docStyle="DocumentStyle:D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleId="D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Ceroplastes stenocephalus De Lotto. As 1961" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="161" masterDocId="C72FFFECFF8AF81CFF8DFFC8BB23E553" masterDocTitle="3372" masterLastPageNumber="265" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="159" updateTime="1699112745853" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:namePart id="684BF39C0FC98D28DD9596F0A655AEBC">Peronti, Ana L. B. G.</mods:namePart>
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<paragraph id="B3003682FF14F882FF1AFE36B969E74B" blockId="158.[151,586,510,569]" box="[151,586,510,536]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">
<heading id="E84881EEFF14F882FF1AFE36B969E74B" bold="true" box="[151,586,510,536]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF14F882FF1AFE36B969E74B" ID-CoL="T45M" authority="De Lotto" authorityName="De Lotto. As" authorityYear="1961" box="[151,586,510,536]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stenocephalus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF14F882FF1AFE36B969E74B" bold="true" box="[151,586,510,536]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF14F882FF1AFE36BAF6E74B" bold="true" box="[151,469,510,536]" italics="true" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">Ceroplastes stenocephalus</emphasis>
De Lotto
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF14F882FF1AFDE9BABAE76A" box="[151,409,545,569]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" type="description">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF14F882FF1AFDE9BABAE76A" blockId="158.[151,586,510,569]" box="[151,409,545,569]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">
(
<figureCitation id="2B842A07FF14F882FF12FDE9BBD0E76A" box="[159,243,545,569]" captionStart="FIGURE 72" captionStartId="160.[151,244,1902,1923]" captionText="FIGURE 72. C. stenocephalus De Lotto. Paratype. For explanation of labels, see p. 9; X = setal socket. Notes: (i) stigmatic setae in a compact group and all sharply conical; (ii) dorsum apparently without clear areas; (iii) dorsal setae long and spinose; (iv) caudal process particularly large and almost mid-dorsal; (v) loculate microducts of complex-type; (vi) ventral tubular ducts restricted to anogenital folds, and (vii) antennae with 7 or 8 segments." pageId="158" pageNumber="159">Fig. 72</figureCitation>
; Map fig. 105)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF14F882FF1AFDA1B9C2E7CD" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF14F882FF1AFDA1B95CE72C" blockId="158.[151,737,617,670]" box="[151,639,617,639]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFF14F882FF1AFDA1B95CE72C" box="[151,639,617,639]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FF14F882FF1AFDA1B958E72C" author="De Lotto, G." box="[151,635,617,639]" page="320" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" year="1961">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF14F882FF1AFDA1B958E72C" ID-CoL="T45M" authority="De Lotto, 1961: 320" authorityName="De Lotto. As" authorityPageNumber="320" authorityYear="1961" box="[151,635,617,639]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stenocephalus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF14F882FF1AFDA1BA87E72C" box="[151,420,617,639]" italics="true" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">Ceroplastes stenocephalus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF14F882FE26FDA2B958E72C" author="De Lotto, G." box="[427,635,617,639]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" pagination="318 - 321" refId="ref184165" refString="De Lotto, G. (1961) Two new Ceroplastes species from Africa (Homoptera: Coccidae). Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa 24, 318 - 321." type="journal article" year="1961">De Lotto, 1961: 320</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF14F882FF1AFD40B9C2E7CD" blockId="158.[151,737,617,670]" box="[151,737,648,670]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFF14F882FF1AFD40B9C2E7CD" box="[151,737,648,670]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF14F882FF1AFD40B921E7CE" ID-CoL="6K9Z2" authority="(De Lotto)" baseAuthorityName="De Lotto" box="[151,514,648,670]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Gascardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stenocephala">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF14F882FF1AFD40BAAEE7CD" box="[151,397,648,670]" italics="true" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">Gascardia stenocephala</emphasis>
(De Lotto)
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FF14F882FD81FD40B9FFE7CD" author="De Lotto, G." box="[524,732,648,670]" page="206" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" year="1965">
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF14F882FD81FD40B9FFE7CD" author="De Lotto, G." box="[524,732,648,670]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" pagination="174 - 239" refId="ref184199" refString="De Lotto, G. (1965) On some Coccidae (Homoptera), chiefly from Africa. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology, London 16, 174 - 239." type="journal article" year="1965">De Lotto, 1965: 206</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF14F8BCFF1AFD02BE60E469" lastPageId="160" lastPageNumber="161" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF14F882FF1AFD02BE48E7B1" blockId="158.[151,1437,714,2034]" box="[151,1387,714,739]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF14F882FF1AFD02BAA1E7B0" bold="true" box="[151,386,714,739]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">Material examined:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFF14F882FE04FD03BE45E7B1" box="[393,1382,714,739]" collectingDate="1957-10-06" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="G. De Lotto" country="Kenya" location="Magadi" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF14F882FE04FD03BAD5E7B0" bold="true" box="[393,502,715,739]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF14F882FE04FD03BAD5E7B0" box="[393,502,715,739]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFF14F882FE70FD03B931E7B1" box="[509,530,715,738]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
,
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF14F882FDB8FD03B9AAE7B0" bold="true" box="[565,649,715,739]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF14F882FDB8FD03B9A7E7B0" box="[565,644,715,739]" name="Kenya" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">Kenya</collectingCountry>
,
</emphasis>
<location id="B6606059FF14F882FD1CFD02B9CAE7B1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FF14F8BCFF1AFE36BE38E7C6:B6606059FF14F882FD1CFD02B9CAE7B1" box="[657,745,714,738]" country="Kenya" name="Magadi" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">Magadi</location>
,
<date id="C7011042FF14F882FD79FD02B87BE7B1" box="[756,856,714,738]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" value="1957-10-06">
<collectingDate id="D745E9AAFF14F882FD79FD02B87BE7B1" box="[756,856,714,738]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" value="1957-10-06">6.x.1957</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF14F882FCE9FD03B8F8E7B1" box="[868,987,715,739]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF14F882FCE9FD03B891E7B0" box="[868,946,715,739]" italics="true" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">Acacia</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
,
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FF14F882FC6AFD02BF49E7B1" box="[999,1130,714,738]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">G. De Lotto</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FF14F882FBF4FD02BFF7E7B1" box="[1145,1236,714,738]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 2/2 (good)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF14F882FF4AFD27B833E655" blockId="158.[151,1437,714,2034]" box="[199,784,750,775]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF14F882FF4AFD27BBDCE654" bold="true" box="[199,255,751,775]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">Note</emphasis>
. Data given in brackets from
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF14F882FDDEFD27B82EE655" author="De Lotto, G." box="[595,781,750,774]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" pagination="318 - 321" refId="ref184165" refString="De Lotto, G. (1961) Two new Ceroplastes species from Africa (Homoptera: Coccidae). Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa 24, 318 - 321." type="journal article" year="1961">De Lotto (1961)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF14F882FF4AFCDBB8C8E61D" blockId="158.[151,1437,714,2034]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF14F882FF4AFCDBBAEAE679" box="[199,457,786,811]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF14F882FF4AFCDBBAE1E678" bold="true" box="[199,450,786,811]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">Unmounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
&quot;Tests crowded and fused together so as to form an indistinct mass of creamy-yellow wax, suffused with a pinkish tinge; wax rather hard.&quot; (
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF14F882FD7BFCFEB8FCE61D" author="De Lotto, G." box="[758,991,822,846]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" pagination="318 - 321" refId="ref184165" refString="De Lotto, G. (1961) Two new Ceroplastes species from Africa (Homoptera: Coccidae). Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa 24, 318 - 321." type="journal article" year="1961">De Lotto, 1961: 320</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF14F882FF4AFC93BA5DE68D" blockId="158.[151,1437,714,2034]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF14F882FF4AFC93BA85E621" box="[199,422,858,883]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF14F882FF4AFC93BABCE620" bold="true" box="[199,415,858,883]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">Mounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Body roundly oval and convex, with distinct, quite deep, stigmatic clefts; dorsum without lateral tubercles. Caudal process large but probably not very convex, set almost medially on dorsum. Body length 2.2–2.25 (1.9–2.5) mm, width across abdomen 2.07–2.08 (1.8–2.4) mm; caudal process 0.87–1.0 mm long and
<quantity id="74479B67FF14F882FF1AFC0EBA1AE68D" box="[151,313,966,990]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.23" metricValueMin="1.17" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" unit="mm" value="1.2" valueMax="1.23" valueMin="1.17">1.17–1.23 mm</quantity>
wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF14F882FF4AFC23B8F4E085" blockId="158.[151,1437,714,2034]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF14F882FF4AFC23BA0DE151" box="[199,302,1003,1027]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF14F882FF4AFC23BA04E150" bold="true" box="[199,295,1003,1027]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">Dorsum</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm membranous except for caudal process which is heavily sclerotised; without obvious clear areas but dorsal setae and loculate microducts sparse where these areas would be expected. Dorsal setae each sharply spinose, length at least twice width of basal socket, length 10–15 µm; basal socket width 5–7 µm; present sparsely throughout. Dorsal pores: (i) loculate microducts of complex
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF14F882FC4BFB9FB8DAE13C" box="[966,1017,1111,1135]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">type</typeStatus>
, each with 1–4 satellite loculi; those with 3 satellite loculi most abundant, each about 4–5 µm wide, generally clearly smaller than width of basal socket of dorsal setae; those with 2 loculi significantly less frequent; those with 1 satellite loculus only occasional and those with 4 loculi rare; microducts frequent throughout but each “clear area” with a sparse covering of pores with 1 or no satellite loculi; wax-plate lines not detected; and (ii) simple microducts with sclerotised pore about 1–2 µm wide, with a similar distribution to loculate microducts but also present very sparsely along margins. Preopercular pores: 24 or 25 present in a narrow transverse band about 2–3 pores deep. Anal plates together rather rounded; length of plates 150 (150–175) µm, combined widths 170 µm; each with 3 long dorsal setae, that nearest outer margin about 110 µm long; apical setae all missing. Anogenital fold with 9 setae along anterior margin, longest laterally, about 30 µm long; and with 1 shorter seta on each lateral margin ventrally. Anal tube very short, only about 2/3rds length of anal plates; anal ring setae each about 115 µm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF14F882FF4AFA2AB994E3FD" blockId="158.[151,1437,714,2034]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF14F882FF4AFA2ABA0BE0A9" box="[199,296,1506,1531]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF14F882FF4AFA2ABA02E0A8" bold="true" box="[199,289,1506,1531]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">Margin</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Marginal setae stoutly setose, each about 17–23 µm long; present in a broad, sparse band except in stigmatic clefts; some clefts have 1 or more much larger, more spinose, marginal setae, up to about 35 µm long; each anal lobe with 1–3 slightly longer setae, longest about 35 µm long. Stigmatic clefts quite deep, each with a compact group of rather narrow, sharply-conical setae extending in a broad group onto dorsum; each group with about 100 (80–110) setae, all similar in size, each 13–20 µm long and 7.5–9 µm wide at base, pointed, with rather straight sides. Eyespots each about 25 µm wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF14F882FF4AF973B971E2A1" blockId="158.[151,1437,714,2034]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF14F882FF4AF973BA3FE381" box="[199,284,1723,1747]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="158" pageNumber="159" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF14F882FF4AF973BA36E380" bold="true" box="[199,277,1723,1747]" pageId="158" pageNumber="159">Venter</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm entirely membranous. Pregenital disc-pores abundant around genital opening (segment VII) and across segments VI and V, plus 1 or more generally present medially on IV and III; absent more anteriorly. Spiracular disc-pores each mainly with 5 loculi but those nearest margin larger with more loculi; present in bands of about 75 pores, each band sparse and narrow near spiracles but broadening and pores becoming denser near margin; with a few extending medially past peritreme, which tend to have more loculi. Ventral microducts showing nothing distinctive. Ventral tubular ducts absent in cephalic region; anogenital region covered by sclerotised caudal process and so presence hard to determine but 1 duct definitely located, with outer ductule about 10–12 µm long, associated with anogenital fold between segments V and VI. Submarginal setae each 14–17 µm long, set some distance in from margin.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF2AF8BCFF4AFF5FBE60E469" blockId="160.[151,1437,151,662]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">Antennae each with 7 or 8 segments, when 7, generally with pseudo-articulations in segment IV; total length 295–325 (300–335) µm. Clypeolabral shield about 175–185 µm long. Spiracles: width of peritremes 50–60 µm. Legs well developed, each with a distinct tibio-tarsal sclerosis; each claw with hint of a denticle; claw digitules both broad and subequal to or slightly longer than tarsal digitules; dimensions of metathoracic legs (µm): coxa 150–157; trochanter + femur 195–200 (180–220); tibia 145–157; tarsus 100–105 (tibia + tarsus 230–250), and claw 33.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF2AF8BCFF4AFE8DBE38E7C6" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF2AF8BCFF4AFE8DB9E0E4B4" blockId="160.[151,1437,151,662]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2AF8BCFF4AFE8DBA6FE40E" box="[199,332,325,350]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2AF8BCFF4AFE8DBA66E40D" bold="true" box="[199,325,325,350]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">Discussion</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
The adult female of
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF2AF8BCFDB0FE8DB9DEE40E" authorityName="De Lotto. As" authorityYear="1961" box="[573,765,325,349]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stenocephalus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2AF8BCFDB0FE8DB9DEE40E" box="[573,765,325,349]" italics="true" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">C. stenocephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is very distinctive, with the broad group of densely packed, narrow, sharply-conical setae in each stigmatic cleft. Other diagnostic characters are: (i) the size and position of the caudal process; (ii) the absence of clear areas on the dorsum; (iii) dorsal setae quite large and sharply-spinose; (iv) antennae 7 or 8 segmented; (v) loculate microducts smaller than width of basal socket of dorsal setae, and (v) ventral tubular ducts absent from cephalic region.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF2AF8BCFF5EFE3AB900E721" blockId="160.[151,1437,151,662]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">
This description differs slightly from the original description (
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF2AF8BCFC2FFE3ABF4CE759" author="De Lotto, G." box="[930,1135,498,522]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" pagination="318 - 321" refId="ref184165" refString="De Lotto, G. (1961) Two new Ceroplastes species from Africa (Homoptera: Coccidae). Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa 24, 318 - 321." type="journal article" year="1961">De Lotto's (1961)</bibRefCitation>
characters in brackets) in having: (i) dorsal pores with 1–4 satellite loculi (only 2 or 3); (ii) some antennae apparently 8 segmented (7 segmented); (iii) ventral tubular ducts at least sometimes present on the abdomen (absent), and (iv) claws with a hint of a denticle (absent in figure).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF2AF8BCFF4AFDB5BE38E7C6" blockId="160.[151,1437,151,662]" box="[199,1307,637,662]" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF2AF8BCFF4AFDB5BAA5E7C6" authorityName="De Lotto. As" authorityYear="1961" box="[199,390,637,661]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="stenocephalus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2AF8BCFF4AFDB5BAA5E7C6" box="[199,390,637,661]" italics="true" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">C. stenocephalus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is only known from the original collection from
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF2AF8BCFC27FDB6B8D0E7C5" box="[938,1011,638,662]" name="Kenya" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">Kenya</collectingCountry>
on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF2AF8BCFB90FDB5BE3BE7C6" box="[1053,1304,637,661]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="160" pageNumber="161" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2AF8BCFB90FDB5BF48E7C6" box="[1053,1131,637,661]" italics="true" pageId="160" pageNumber="161">Acacia</emphasis>
sp. (Fabaceae)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

206
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<paragraph id="B3003682FF1AF88CFF1AFAAAB957E02F" blockId="144.[151,628,1378,1437]" box="[151,628,1378,1404]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">
<heading id="E84881EEFF1AF88CFF1AFAAAB957E02F" bold="true" box="[151,628,1378,1404]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF1AF88CFF1AFAAAB957E02F" bold="true" box="[151,628,1378,1404]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF1AF88CFF1AFAAAB920E02F" ID-CoL="T45T" authority="Green" authorityName="Green. For" authorityYear="2012" box="[151,515,1378,1404]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuitectus" status="stat. nov.">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF1AF88CFF1AFAAABA8DE02F" bold="true" box="[151,430,1378,1404]" italics="true" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">Ceroplastes tenuitectus</emphasis>
Green
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AF857EBFF1AF88CFD87FAAAB957E02F" box="[522,628,1378,1404]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">stat. rev.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
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</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF1AF88CFF1AFA4DBAD9E0CE" box="[151,506,1413,1437]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" type="description">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF1AF88CFF1AFA4DBAD9E0CE" blockId="144.[151,628,1378,1437]" box="[151,506,1413,1437]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">
(
<figureCitation id="2B842A07FF1AF88CFF12FA4DBBD0E0CE" box="[159,243,1413,1437]" captionStart="FIGURE 67" captionStartId="145.[151,244,1734,1755]" captionTargetBox="[260,1299,232,1670]" captionTargetId="figure-113@145.[260,1327,223,1692]" captionTargetPageId="145" captionText="FIGURE 67. C. tenuitectus Green. For explanation of labels see p. 9. Notes: (i) dorsal loculate pores of the rusci-type; (ii) with about 12-14 marginal setae between eyespots; (iii) stigmatic setae extending laterally out of clefts along margin but not nearly meeting; (iv) stigmatic setal group 3-4 deep in each cleft; (v) each cleft with a total of 24-39 stigmatic setae, about half of which are non-marginal stigmatic setae; (vi) ventral tubular ducts very few both anteriorly and posteriorly; (vii) tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis present; (viii) claw digitules both broad, and (ix) claw without a denticle." pageId="144" pageNumber="145">Fig. 67</figureCitation>
; Map fig. 104;
<tableCitation id="FE3D0339FF1AF88CFE13FA4DBAD2E0CE" box="[414,497,1413,1437]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="115.[151,238,155,179]" captionText="TABLE 3. Comparison of some data from collections of C. eugeniae and of two possible cryptic sibling species." pageId="144" pageNumber="145">Table 3</tableCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF1AF88CFF1AFA05BF2AE352" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF1AF88CFF1AFA05B962E0B0" blockId="144.[151,1033,1485,1538]" box="[151,577,1485,1507]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFF1AF88CFF1AFA05B962E0B0" box="[151,577,1485,1507]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FF1AF88CFF1AFA05B91EE0B0" author="Green, E. E." box="[151,573,1485,1507]" page="204" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" year="1907">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF1AF88CFF1AFA05B91EE0B0" ID-CoL="T45T" authority="Green, 1907: 204" authorityName="Green" authorityPageNumber="204" authorityYear="1907" box="[151,573,1485,1507]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuitectus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF1AF88CFF1AFA05BAA0E0B0" box="[151,387,1485,1507]" italics="true" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">Ceroplastes tenuitectus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF1AF88CFE04FA05B91EE0B0" author="Green, E. E." box="[393,573,1485,1507]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" pagination="197 - 207" refId="ref185415" refString="Green, E. E. (1907) XII. Notes on the Coccidae collected by the Percy Sladen Trust Expedition to the Indian Ocean: supplemented by a collection received from Mr. R. Dupont, Director of Agriculture, Seychelles. Transactions of the Linnean Society of London, Zoology 12, 197 - 207." type="journal article" year="1907">Green, 1907: 204</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF1AF88CFF1AFA24BF2AE352" blockId="144.[151,1033,1485,1538]" box="[151,1033,1515,1538]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFF1AF88CFF1AFA24BF2AE352" box="[151,1033,1515,1538]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF1AF88CFF1AFA24BAE8E352" ID-CoL="T45T" authority="Green" authorityName="Green" authorityYear="1907" box="[151,459,1515,1538]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tenuitectus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF1AF88CFF1AFA24BAA0E352" box="[151,387,1516,1538]" italics="true" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">Ceroplastes tenuitectus</emphasis>
Green
</taxonomicName>
:
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FF1AF88CFE59FA23B95BE352" author="Green, E. E." box="[468,632,1515,1537]" page="94" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" year="1923">
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF1AF88CFE59FA23B95BE352" author="Green, E. E." box="[468,632,1515,1537]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" pagination="87 - 99" refId="ref185541" refString="Green, E. E. (1923) Observations on the Coccidae of the Madeira Islands. Bulletin of Entomological Research 14, 87 - 99." type="journal article" year="1923">Green, 1923: 94</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(synonymised with
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF1AF88CFCCBFA24B8DDE352" ID-CoL="T456" authority="Linnaeus" authorityName="Linnaeus" box="[838,1022,1515,1538]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rusci">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF1AF88CFCCBFA24B8B5E352" box="[838,918,1516,1538]" italics="true" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">C. rusci</emphasis>
Linnaeus
</taxonomicName>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF1AF88CFF1AF9E1BAEAE215" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF1AF88CFF1AF9E1B8F4E335" blockId="144.[151,1436,1577,1862]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF1AF88CFF1AF9E1BAA0E311" bold="true" box="[151,387,1577,1602]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">Material examined:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFF1AF88CFE07F9E1B8F4E335" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="R. Dupont" country="Seychelles" location="Seychelles" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF1AF88CFE07F9E1B8FBE311" bold="true" box="[394,984,1577,1602]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF1AF88CFE07F9E1B922E312" box="[394,513,1577,1601]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
(here designated):
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF1AF88CFD6BF9E1B842E311" box="[742,865,1577,1602]" name="Seychelles" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
, Aldabra,
</emphasis>
on “Bois la fumeé”, no date,
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FF1AF88CFAAAF9E2BEBFE312" box="[1319,1436,1578,1601]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">R. Dupont</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FF1AF88CFF12F986BBD9E335" box="[159,250,1614,1638]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/6ad
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFF1AF88CFEC6F987BA56E335" box="[331,373,1615,1638]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
(
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF1AF88CFE0EF986BAC8E335" box="[387,491,1614,1638]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
arrowed, mainly poor; slide labelled Type).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF1AF88CFF4AF9BCBF1FE3DF" blockId="144.[151,1436,1577,1862]" box="[199,1084,1652,1676]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF1AF88CFF4AF9BCBA4FE3DF" bold="true" box="[199,364,1652,1676]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF1AF88CFF4AF9BCBA4FE3DF" box="[199,364,1652,1676]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFF1AF88CFEFEF9BCBAABE3D8" box="[371,392,1652,1675]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
: remaining
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFF1AF88CFDA9F9BCBF1BE3DF" box="[548,1080,1652,1676]" collectionCode="BMNH" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" specimenCount="5" typeStatus="lectotype">
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFF1AF88CFDA9F9BCB98EE3DF" box="[548,685,1652,1676]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" type="generic">5 specimens</specimenCount>
on
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF1AF88CFD5AF9BCB81EE3DF" box="[727,829,1652,1676]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
slide (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FF1AF88CFC05F9BCB8FCE3DF" box="[904,991,1652,1676]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">BMNH</collectionCode>
) (poor)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF1AF88CFF4AF951BF56E3AF" blockId="144.[151,1436,1577,1862]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF1AF88CFF4AF951BA26E3E1" bold="true" box="[199,261,1689,1714]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FF1AF88CFF4AF951BA23E3E1" box="[199,256,1689,1714]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">Also</collectingRegion>
:
</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFF1AF88CFE80F951BF56E3AF" collectingDate="1976-12-05" collectingDateMax="1976-12-22" collectingDateMin="1976-12-05" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="M. E. Hill" country="Seychelles" location="Anse Malabar" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" stateProvince="Aldabra">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF1AF88CFE80F951B922E3E1" bold="true" box="[269,513,1689,1714]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF1AF88CFE80F951BAABE3E1" box="[269,392,1689,1714]" name="Seychelles" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FF1AF88CFE1BF951BAD8E3E1" box="[406,507,1689,1714]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">Aldabra</collectingRegion>
,
</emphasis>
<location id="B6606059FF1AF88CFD84F951B989E3E2" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FF1AF88CFF1AFAAABAEAE215:B6606059FF1AF88CFD84F951B989E3E2" box="[521,682,1689,1713]" country="Seychelles" name="Anse Malabar" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" stateProvince="Aldabra">Anse Malabar</location>
,
<collectedFrom id="00A3757FFF1AF88CFD3AF952B855E3E2" box="[695,886,1689,1713]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">
on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF1AF88CFD51F951B855E3E2" box="[732,886,1689,1713]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ochnaceae" genus="Ochna" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ciliata">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF1AF88CFD51F951B855E3E2" box="[732,886,1689,1713]" italics="true" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">Ochna ciliata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
,
<date id="C7011042FF1AF88CFC0BF951B8D9E3E2" box="[902,1018,1689,1713]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" value="1976-12-08">
<collectingDate id="D745E9AAFF1AF88CFC0BF951B8D9E3E2" box="[902,1018,1689,1713]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" value="1976-12-08">8.xii.1976</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FF1AF88CFB8AF952BF51E3E2" box="[1031,1138,1689,1713]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">M.E. Hill</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FF1AF88CFB0EF951BFFDE3E2" box="[1155,1246,1689,1713]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 2/2ad
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFF1AF88CFABDF952BE79E3E2" box="[1328,1370,1690,1713]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
(fairgood); as previous but
<collectedFrom id="00A3757FFF1AF88CFE2DF977B982E385" box="[416,673,1726,1750]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">
on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF1AF88CFE48F976B982E385" box="[453,673,1726,1750]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapotaceae" genus="Sideroxylon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="inerme">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF1AF88CFE48F976B982E385" box="[453,673,1726,1750]" italics="true" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">Sideroxylon inerme</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
(spelt
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF1AF88CFD7CF977B866E385" box="[753,837,1727,1750]" italics="true" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">inermis</emphasis>
),
<date id="C7011042FF1AF88CFCD2F976B8FDE385" box="[863,990,1726,1750]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" value="1976-12-22">
<collectingDate id="D745E9AAFF1AF88CFCD2F976B8FDE385" box="[863,990,1726,1750]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" value="1976-12-22">22.xii.1976</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FF1AF88CFC7DF976BF68E385" box="[1008,1099,1726,1750]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 2/2ad
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFF1AF88CFB10F977BFE4E385" box="[1181,1223,1727,1750]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
(fair); as previous but
<collectedFrom id="00A3757FFF1AF88CFF4FF92CB923E3AF" box="[194,512,1764,1788]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">
on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF1AF88CFF69F92CB923E3AF" box="[228,512,1764,1788]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Celastraceae" genus="Mystroxylon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Celastrales" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aethiopicum">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF1AF88CFF69F92CB923E3AF" box="[228,512,1764,1788]" italics="true" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">Mystroxylon aethiopicum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
,
<date id="C7011042FF1AF88CFD82F92CB9A3E3AF" box="[527,640,1764,1788]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" value="1976-12-05">
<collectingDate id="D745E9AAFF1AF88CFD82F92CB9A3E3AF" box="[527,640,1764,1788]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" value="1976-12-05">5.xii.1976</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FF1AF88CFD02F92CB9C9E3AF" box="[655,746,1764,1788]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/3ad
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFF1AF88CFCB6F92CB846E3A8" box="[827,869,1764,1787]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
(poor, 1 split into 2 bits)
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF1AF88CFF4AF8C1BAEAE215" blockId="144.[151,1436,1577,1862]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF1AF88CFF4AF8C1BBDCE272" bold="true" box="[199,255,1801,1825]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">Note</emphasis>
. Description made from series collected in 1976. Data for
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF1AF88CFC4DF8C2B8D3E271" box="[960,1008,1802,1826]" pageId="144" pageNumber="145">type</typeStatus>
specimens, where different, given in
<tableCitation id="FE3D0339FF1AF88CFF1AF8E6BBCAE215" box="[151,233,1838,1862]" captionStart="TABLE 3" captionStartId="115.[151,238,155,179]" captionText="TABLE 3. Comparison of some data from collections of C. eugeniae and of two possible cryptic sibling species." pageId="144" pageNumber="145">Table 3</tableCitation>
and in (..) brackets.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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<paragraph id="B3003682FF1DF88BFF1AFB0AB90EE18F" blockId="151.[151,557,1218,1277]" box="[151,557,1218,1244]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">
<heading id="E84881EEFF1DF88BFF1AFB0AB90EE18F" bold="true" box="[151,557,1218,1244]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF1DF88BFF1AFB0AB90EE18F" ID-CoL="69N8C" authority="Del Guercio" authorityName="Del Guercio" box="[151,557,1218,1244]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF1DF88BFF1AFB0AB90EE18F" bold="true" box="[151,557,1218,1244]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Ceroplastes sinensis Del Guercio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF1DF88BFF1AFB2DBABAE1AE" box="[151,409,1253,1277]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" type="description">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF1DF88BFF1AFB2DBABAE1AE" blockId="151.[151,557,1218,1277]" box="[151,409,1253,1277]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">
(
<figureCitation id="2B842A07FF1DF88BFF12FB2DBBD0E1AE" box="[159,243,1253,1277]" captionStart="FIGURE 69" captionStartId="152.[151,244,1823,1844]" captionTargetBox="[165,1435,218,1798]" captionTargetId="figure-118@152.[151,1436,191,1802]" captionTargetPageId="152" captionText="FIGURE 69. C. sinensis Del Guercio. Modified after Gimpel et al. (1974). For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes: (i) dorsal setae long and predominantly with pointed apices; (ii) stigmatic setae in a broad triangle, extending laterally along margin; (iii) venter with a band of simple microducts along margin; (iv) simple microducts apparently absent on dorsum; (v) dorsal loculate microducts of intermediate-type; (vi) multilocular disc-pores restricted to posteriorly on abdomen; (vii) ventral tubular ducts present both anteriorly and posteriorly; (viii) legs with a tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis; (ix) claw digitules both broad, and (x) antennae 7 segmented." pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Fig. 69</figureCitation>
; Map fig. 105)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF1DF88BFF1AFAEFB96BE06F" box="[151,584,1318,1341]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF1DF88BFF1AFAEFB96BE06F" blockId="151.[151,584,1318,1341]" box="[151,584,1318,1341]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFF1DF88BFF1AFAEFB96BE06F" box="[151,584,1318,1341]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FF1DF88BFF1AFAEFB967E06F" author="Del Guercio, G." box="[151,580,1318,1341]" page="3" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" year="1900">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF1DF88BFF1AFAEFB967E06F" ID-CoL="69N8C" authority="Del Guercio, 1900: 3" authorityName="Del Guercio" authorityPageNumber="3" authorityYear="1900" box="[151,580,1318,1341]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF1DF88BFF1AFAEFBA46E06F" box="[151,357,1319,1341]" italics="true" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Ceroplastes sinensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF1DF88BFEE1FAEEB967E06F" author="Del Guercio, G." box="[364,580,1318,1340]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" pagination="3 - 26" refId="ref184070" refString="Del Guercio, G. (1900) Osservazioni intorno ad una nuova cocciniglia nociva agli agrumi in Italia ed al modo di immunizzare la parte legnosa delle piante contro la puntura delle coccinglie in generale e di distruggerle. (In Italian). Nuove Relazione della R. Stazione di Entomologia Agraria. Firenze 3, 3 - 26." type="journal article" year="1900">Del Guercio, 1900: 3</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF1DF885FF1AFAAABF83E007" lastPageId="153" lastPageNumber="154" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF1DF88BFF1AFAAABFA9E029" blockId="151.[151,1436,1378,2036]" box="[151,1162,1378,1403]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF1DF88BFF1AFAAABA5AE028" bold="true" box="[151,377,1378,1403]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Material examined</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF1DF88BFE05FAABBADDE028" bold="true" box="[392,510,1379,1403]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Topotype,</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFF1DF88BFD88FAABBFA6E029" box="[517,1157,1378,1403]" collectingDate="1913-03-21" collectionCode="USNM" country="Italy" location="Liguria" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Liguria">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF1DF88BFD88FAABB91EE028" bold="true" box="[517,573,1379,1403]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF1DF88BFD88FAABB91EE028" box="[517,573,1379,1403]" name="Italy" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Italy</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FF1DF88BFDC6FAAAB983E029" box="[587,672,1378,1402]" country="Italy" name="Liguria" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Liguria</collectingRegion>
,
<collectedFrom id="00A3757FFF1DF88BFD26FAABB844E028" box="[683,871,1379,1403]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">
on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF1DF88BFD40FAABB844E028" box="[717,871,1379,1403]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Erica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arborea">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF1DF88BFD40FAABB844E028" box="[717,871,1379,1403]" italics="true" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Erica arborea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
,
<date id="C7011042FF1DF88BFCF9FAAAB8C9E029" box="[884,1002,1378,1402]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" value="1913-03-21">
<collectingDate id="D745E9AAFF1DF88BFCF9FAAAB8C9E029" box="[884,1002,1378,1402]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" value="1913-03-21">21.iii.1913</collectingDate>
</date>
(
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FF1DF88BFC75FAAABF6DE029" box="[1016,1102,1378,1402]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
): 1/1
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF1DF88BFF4AFA4DB8BFE31D" blockId="151.[151,1436,1378,2036]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF1DF88BFF4AFA4DBBD8E0CD" bold="true" box="[199,251,1413,1438]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Also</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF1DF88BFE84FA4DBA53E0CD" bold="true" box="[265,368,1413,1438]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Madeira</emphasis>
, Funchal, on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF1DF88BFD8FFA4EB98CE0CE" box="[514,687,1414,1438]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Streptosolen" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF1DF88BFD8FFA4EB9ABE0CD" box="[514,648,1414,1438]" italics="true" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Streptosolen</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7011042FF1DF88BFD37FA4EB806E0CD" box="[698,805,1414,1438]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" value="1921-01">Jan. 1921</date>
, T.D.A. Cockerell (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FF1DF88BFC75FA4EBF72E0CD" box="[1016,1105,1414,1438]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 2/4 (good-poor); Funchal, no other data, T.D.A. Cockerell (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FF1DF88BFE6AFA61B963E092" box="[487,576,1449,1473]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/3 (fair-good).
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF1DF88BFC87FA60B854E092" bold="true" box="[778,887,1448,1473]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF1DF88BFC87FA60B854E092" box="[778,887,1448,1473]" name="Australia" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Australia</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
, Sydney Region, Glenhaven, on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF1DF88BFB62FA61BA3DE0B7" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Callistemon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF1DF88BFB62FA61BE50E092" box="[1263,1395,1449,1473]" italics="true" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Callistemon</emphasis>
sp. (Myrtaceae)
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7011042FF1DF88BFEA1FA04BABEE0B7" box="[300,413,1484,1508]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" value="1982-07-07">7.vii.1982</date>
, No. 5, S. Goodwin (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FF1DF88BFD1FFA04B9C8E0B7" box="[658,747,1484,1508]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/2 (good);
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FF1DF88BFC0BFA05BF73E0B7" box="[902,1104,1484,1508]" country="Australia" name="Western Australia" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Western Australia</collectingRegion>
, Harvey, on citrus leaves and stems,
<date id="C7011042FF1DF88BFF6BFA27BA7DE354" box="[230,350,1519,1543]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" value="1988-08-05">5.viii.1988</date>
, B. Woods (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FF1DF88BFE61FA27B966E354" box="[492,581,1519,1543]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/3 (good).
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF1DF88BFD6DFA38B811E35B" bold="true" box="[736,818,1520,1544]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF1DF88BFD6DFA38B811E35B" box="[736,818,1520,1544]" name="Turkey" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Turkey</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
,
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FF1DF88BFCCFFA27B8BFE354" box="[834,924,1519,1543]" country="Turkey" name="Samsun" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Samsun</collectingRegion>
, O.m., on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF1DF88BFB9BFA38BE48E354" box="[1046,1387,1519,1543]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lythraceae" genus="Punica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="granatum">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF1DF88BFB9BFA38BFFBE354" box="[1046,1240,1520,1543]" italics="true" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Punica granatum</emphasis>
(Lythraceae)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF1DF88BFF1AF9DBBAE5E379" box="[151,454,1554,1579]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Solanaceae" genus="Capsicum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Solanales" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF1DF88BFF1AF9DBBA27E378" box="[151,260,1555,1579]" italics="true" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Capsicum</emphasis>
sp. (Solanaceae)
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7011042FF1DF88BFE5EF9DAB960E379" box="[467,579,1554,1578]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" value="1971-02-19">19.ii.1971</date>
, Dr. H. Canakçioglu (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FF1DF88BFCB3F9DAB8B4E379" box="[830,919,1554,1578]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/1 (fair-good).
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF1DF88BFBE7F9DABEB6E378" bold="true" box="[1130,1429,1554,1579]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF1DF88BFBE7F9DABEB6E378" box="[1130,1429,1554,1579]" name="United States of America" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">United States of America</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
,
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FF1DF88BFF1AF9FEBBD1E31D" box="[151,242,1590,1614]" country="United States of America" name="Virginia" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Virginia</collectingRegion>
, Norfolk,
<date id="C7011042FF1DF88BFEEDF9FEBAC5E31D" box="[352,486,1590,1614]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" value="1957-08-05">05.viii.1957</date>
,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF1DF88BFE7DF9FEB963E31E" box="[496,576,1590,1614]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aquifoliaceae" genus="Ilex" kingdom="Plantae" order="Aquifoliales" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF1DF88BFE7DF9FEB93AE31D" box="[496,537,1590,1614]" italics="true" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Ilex</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
, R.N. Roymaster (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FF1DF88BFC87F9FEB843E31D" box="[778,864,1590,1614]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
): 1/1.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF1DF88BFF4AF991BAE7E3C7" blockId="151.[151,1436,1378,2036]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF1DF88BFF4AF991BBDCE322" bold="true" box="[199,255,1625,1649]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Note</emphasis>
. The following description is based mainly on that of
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF1DF88BFCE3F991BF76E322" author="Gimpel, W. F. &amp; D. R. Miller &amp; J. A. Davidson" box="[878,1109,1625,1649]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref185147" refString="Gimpel, W. F., D. R. Miller &amp; J. A. Davidson. (1974) A systematic revision of the scale genus Ceroplastes in the United States (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae). University of Maryland, Agricultural Experiment Station, Miscellaneous Publication 841, 1 - 85." type="journal article" year="1974">
Gimpel
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF1DF88BFC47F992B8DFE322" box="[970,1020,1625,1649]" italics="true" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">et al</emphasis>
. (1974)
</bibRefCitation>
but with a few added details from the above specimens.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF1DF88BFF4AF968BA97E2A7" blockId="151.[151,1436,1378,2036]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF1DF88BFF4AF968BAEAE3E4" box="[199,457,1695,1720]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF1DF88BFF4AF968BAE1E3EB" bold="true" box="[199,450,1695,1720]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">Unmounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
“Wet wax rectangular in young females, rectangular in old specimens in dorsal view, hemispherical in lateral view, without horn, white in young females reddish brown in old material, marginal flange small or absent on young specimens not hiding lateral filaments, divided into 1 dorsal and 6 lateral plates on young females, plates normally absent on old specimens, young specimens with nuclei, old specimens with dorsal nuclei only. Dry wax with filaments as follows: cephalic filament trifurcate, with rounded apices, anterolateral, mediolateral, and posterolateral filaments simple; caudal filaments weakly bifurcate; dorsal dry wax of first and second instars forming central cap, surrounded by small dorsomedial nucleus; dorsal dry wax not tilted. Stigmatic wax bands present near both pairs of spiracles, anterior bands directed dorsally, filamentous wax confined to stigmatic areas. Length 4.0 mm (range 2.0–7.0), width
<quantity id="74479B67FF1DF88BFC9EF871B848E282" box="[787,875,1977,2001]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
(range 2.0–6.0), height 3.0mm (range 1.5–5.0).” (
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF1DF88BFF13F814BA8BE2A7" author="Gimpel, W. F. &amp; D. R. Miller &amp; J. A. Davidson" box="[158,424,2012,2036]" pageId="151" pageNumber="152" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref185147" refString="Gimpel, W. F., D. R. Miller &amp; J. A. Davidson. (1974) A systematic revision of the scale genus Ceroplastes in the United States (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae). University of Maryland, Agricultural Experiment Station, Miscellaneous Publication 841, 1 - 85." type="journal article" year="1974">
Gimpel
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF1DF88BFF76F815BA19E2A7" box="[251,314,2012,2036]" italics="true" pageId="151" pageNumber="152">et al.,</emphasis>
1974: 62
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="E7C0660AFF12F884FF1AF8D7BE4FE2F9" pageId="152" pageNumber="153" startId="152.[151,244,1823,1844]" targetBox="[165,1435,218,1798]" targetPageId="152">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF12F884FF1AF8D7BE4FE2F9" blockId="152.[151,1436,1823,1962]" pageId="152" pageNumber="153">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF12F884FF1AF8D7BA3BE267" bold="true" box="[151,280,1823,1844]" pageId="152" pageNumber="153">FIGURE 69.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF12F884FE93F8E8B944E266" authority="Del Guercio. Modified" authorityName="Del Guercio. Modified" box="[286,615,1824,1845]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="152" pageNumber="153" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF12F884FE93F8E8BAA5E266" box="[286,390,1824,1845]" italics="true" pageId="152" pageNumber="153">C. sinensis</emphasis>
Del Guercio. Modified
</taxonomicName>
after
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Gimpel
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF12F884FD60F8E8B83DE266" box="[749,798,1824,1845]" italics="true" pageId="152" pageNumber="153">et al.</emphasis>
(1974)
</bibRefCitation>
. For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes: (i) dorsal setae long and predominantly with pointed apices; (ii) stigmatic setae in a broad triangle, extending laterally along margin; (iii) venter with a band of simple microducts along margin; (iv) simple microducts apparently absent on dorsum; (v) dorsal loculate microducts of intermediate-type; (vi) multilocular disc-pores restricted to posteriorly on abdomen; (vii) ventral tubular ducts present both anteriorly and posteriorly; (viii) legs with a tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis; (ix) claw digitules both broad, and (x) antennae 7 segmented.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF13F885FF4AFF50BF1FE580" blockId="153.[151,1437,151,1688]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF13F885FF4AFF50BA8AE5FC" box="[199,425,151,176]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF13F885FF4AFF50BA81E5E3" bold="true" box="[199,418,151,176]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Mounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Body oval, probably rather convex, with shallow, stigmatic clefts; dorsum with distinct tubercles. Caudal process short and stout. Length
<quantity id="74479B67FF13F885FD5FFF74B87FE580" box="[722,860,188,212]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.6" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="4.6" valueMin="1.4">1.4–4.6 mm</quantity>
; width 0.9–4.0 mm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF13F885FF4AFF28BA1FE76F" blockId="153.[151,1437,151,1688]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF13F885FF4AFF28BA0FE5A4" box="[199,300,224,248]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF13F885FF4AFF28BA06E5AB" bold="true" box="[199,293,224,248]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Dorsum</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm membranous on young individuals, except for heavily sclerotised caudal process. Caudal process about 500–600 µm long, 500–600 µm wide. Derm with eight clear areas, each without setae, except cephalic area with 1 or 2 cylindrical setae. Dorsal setae cylindrical with a rounded or pointed apex, length 4.5–11.5 µm; basal socket width 3.5–5.0 µm. Dorsal pores: (i) loculate microducts of intermediate
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF13F885FC5DFE84BF22E437" box="[976,1025,332,356]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">type</typeStatus>
, each about 5–6 µm wide with 1–4 satellite loculi; those with 2 or 3 satellite loculi most abundant; those with 1 satellite loculus possibly mainly concentrated in submarginal areas; pores with 4 satellite loculi scarce; present throughout; wax-plate lines not detected; and (ii) simple microducts not detected. Preopercular pores in a transverse band of about 8–20 pores. Anal plates each with 3 large dorsal setae on posterior quarter of each plate plus a smaller apical seta; usually with 2 ventral (lateral margin) setae; length of plates 150–158 µm, combined width 125–145 µm. Anal tube about 1.1 times longer than anal plate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF13F885FF4AFD8FBEBEE647" blockId="153.[151,1437,151,1688]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF13F885FF4AFD8FBA05E70C" box="[199,294,583,608]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF13F885FF4AFD8FBA3CE733" bold="true" box="[199,287,583,608]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Margin</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Marginal setae each strongly setose; length of each seta 13–27 µm; with perhaps 5–7 between eyespots and, on each side, 1–3 between eyespots and anterior stigmatic setae, 2–4 between stigmatic clefts and about 6–10 between each posterior stigmatic furrow and anal cleft; anal lobe with 3 or 4 anal lobe setae, longest 40–50 µm long. Stigmatic clefts shallow, each with 18–54 hemispherical, bullet–shaped or lanceolate spiracular setae (most setae 8–26 µm long; 10–12 µm wide at base) in 3 or 4 irregular rows in each cleft; each group with 20–30 setae along margin and with 4–6 larger setae, largest 16–24 µm long and 14–17 µm wide, and sometimes bent. Eyespots each 30–33 µm wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF13F885FF4AFCE8B822E12F" blockId="153.[151,1437,151,1688]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF13F885FF4AFCE8BA3FE664" box="[199,284,800,824]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF13F885FF4AFCE8BA36E66B" bold="true" box="[199,277,800,824]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Venter</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm membranous. Pregenital disc-pores present around vulva and across preceding segment; much less frequent medially and occasionally mediolaterally on segment V; generally absent from IV and more anteriorly. Spiracular disc-pore band narrowest near spiracle and broadest near margin, each band with 60–80 discpores, with few extending medially past peritreme. Simple microducts (filamentous ducts), each about 1 µm wide, with a lightly sclerotised orifice, frequent in a narrow band or line around submargin, approximately level with submarginal setae (perhaps most easily seen in younger specimens). Ventral microducts showing nothing distinctive. Ventral tubular ducts each with a narrow inner ductule, generally without an obvious terminal gland; with about 7–25 ducts in cephalic region and quite abundant associated with anogenital-fold, particularly in abdominal segment VI, becoming less frequent anteriorly, with 0 or 1 on segments II &amp; III. Submarginal setae more frequent than marginal setae, each 7–15 µm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF13F885FF4AFB4FBF83E007" blockId="153.[151,1437,151,1688]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Antennae each 7 segmented; total length 223–335 µm. Clypeolabral shield 185–226 µm long. Spiracles: width of each anterior peritreme 50–64 µm, each posterior peritreme 58–76 µm. Legs well developed; tibia 1.4 times length of tarsus, with a tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis; tarsal digitules 51–52 µm long; both claw digitules broad, 29–39 µm long; each claw with an almost imperceptible denticle; dimensions of metathoracic legs: coxa 149–170 µm; trochanter + femur 145–195 µm; tibia 87–125 µm; tarsus 66–83 µm, and claw 20–27 µm; setal distribution: coxa 5; trochanter 1 long plus 2 short on dorsal margin; femur 1; tibia 4 (3 apical and 1 basal), tarsus 3.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF13F885FF4AFA97B990E3C4" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF13F885FF4AFA97BE12E354" blockId="153.[151,1437,151,1688]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF13F885FF4AFA97BA6BE024" box="[199,328,1375,1400]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF13F885FF4AFA97BA61E02B" bold="true" box="[199,322,1375,1400]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Discussion</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Based on their cladistic analysis of wax scale insects, Qin
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF13F885FC47FAA9BF23E02B" box="[970,1024,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">et al.</emphasis>
(1994) predicted that the native range of
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF13F885FF38FA4CBA08E0CF" box="[181,299,1412,1436]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF13F885FF38FA4CBA08E0CF" box="[181,299,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">C. sinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was within Central or South America. This supposition was supported later by the discovery of heavily parasitized individuals of
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF13F885FE4CFA60B91EE0EC" box="[449,573,1448,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF13F885FE4CFA60B91EE0EC" box="[449,573,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">C. sinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF13F885FDE6FA6FB9F8E0EC" box="[619,731,1447,1471]" name="Argentina" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Argentina</collectingCountry>
. In addition, we have observed (Peronti,
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF13F885FB4CFA61BE0AE093" box="[1217,1321,1448,1472]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">pers. obs</emphasis>
.) that the Neotropical species
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF13F885FEFFFA04B9A9E0B7" authority="Cockerell" authorityName="Cockerell" box="[370,650,1484,1508]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Meliaceae" genus="Cedrela" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="albolineatus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF13F885FEFFFA04B934E0B7" box="[370,535,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">C. albolineatus</emphasis>
Cockerell
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF13F885FD30FA04BF0BE0B7" authority="Cockerell &amp; Tinsley" authorityName="Cockerell &amp; Tinsley" box="[701,1064,1484,1508]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Coffea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="confluens">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF13F885FD30FA04B866E0B7" box="[701,837,1484,1508]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">C. confluens</emphasis>
Cockerell &amp; Tinsley
</taxonomicName>
, both from Neotropical region, are very close to
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF13F885FEA5FA38BABDE354" box="[296,414,1520,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF13F885FEA5FA38BABDE354" box="[296,414,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">C. sinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and both of these latter species might be synonymised with the former in the future.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF13F885FF4AF9DCB990E3C4" blockId="153.[151,1437,151,1688]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">
Within the area covered by this paper,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF13F885FDF3F9DCB9DBE37F" box="[638,760,1556,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF13F885FDF3F9DCB9DBE37F" box="[638,760,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">C. sinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is currently only reliably identified from the North African coast (
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF13F885FF6DF9FFBA1AE31C" box="[224,313,1591,1615]" name="Algeria" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Algeria</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF13F885FEC8F9F0BA89E31C" box="[325,426,1592,1615]" name="Morocco" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Morocco</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF13F885FE6EF9FFB915E31C" box="[483,566,1591,1615]" name="Tunisia" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Tunisia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF13F885FDC8F9FFB8BEE31C" author="Pellizzari, G. &amp; Camporese P." box="[581,925,1591,1615]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" pagination="175 - 192" refId="ref187871" refString="Pellizzari, G. &amp; Camporese P. (1994) The Ceroplastes species (Homoptera: Coccoidea) of the Mediterranea basin with emphasis on C. japonicus Green. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France 30, 175 - 192." type="journal article" year="1994">Pellizzari &amp; Camporese, 1994</bibRefCitation>
) and
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF13F885FC53F9F0BF02E303" box="[990,1057,1592,1616]" name="Egypt" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">Egypt</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF13F885FBBDF9FFBE38E31C" author="Ben-Dov, Y. &amp; Miller, D. R. &amp; Gibson, G. A. P." box="[1072,1307,1591,1616]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" refId="ref183322" refString="Ben-Dov, Y., Miller, D. R. &amp; Gibson, G. A. P. (2011) ScaleNet. A Database of the Scale Insects of the World. Available from: http: // www. sel. barc. usda. gov / scalenet / scalenet. htm (last accessed 10 March 2011)." type="url" year="2011">
Ben-Dov
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF13F885FB13F9F1BFEDE303" box="[1182,1230,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">et al</emphasis>
., 2011
</bibRefCitation>
) plus some outlying islands (Azores, Canary Islands and Madeira) (
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF13F885FC9EF994BF2BE327" author="Ben-Dov, Y. &amp; Miller, D. R. &amp; Gibson, G. A. P." box="[787,1032,1628,1652]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" refId="ref183322" refString="Ben-Dov, Y., Miller, D. R. &amp; Gibson, G. A. P. (2011) ScaleNet. A Database of the Scale Insects of the World. Available from: http: // www. sel. barc. usda. gov / scalenet / scalenet. htm (last accessed 10 March 2011)." type="url" year="2011">
Ben-Dov
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF13F885FC09F995B89EE327" box="[900,957,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">et al.</emphasis>
, 2011
</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF13F885FBA0F994BF8BE327" box="[1069,1192,1628,1652]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF13F885FBA0F994BF8BE327" box="[1069,1192,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="153" pageNumber="154">C. sinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a very large host range,
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF13F885FF6EF948BAB8E3C4" author="Ben-Dov, Y." box="[227,411,1663,1687]" pageId="153" pageNumber="154" refId="ref183122" refString="Ben-Dov, Y. (1993) A Systematic Catalogue of Soft Scales of the World. Sandhill Crane Press, Inc., Florida, USA, Flora &amp; Fauna Handbook 9, 563 p." type="book" year="1993">Ben-Dov (1993)</bibRefCitation>
listing 44 plant families.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF21F8B7FF1AFD7DBA4DE79C" bold="true" box="[151,366,693,719]" italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Ceroplastes elaeis</emphasis>
Hodgson &amp; Peronti
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AF857EBFF21F8B7FDFBFD7DB9CDE79C" box="[630,750,693,719]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF21F8B7FF1AFD1FBABAE7BC" box="[151,409,727,751]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" type="description">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF21F8B7FF1AFD1FBABAE7BC" blockId="171.[151,750,693,751]" box="[151,409,727,751]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
(
<figureCitation id="2B842A07FF21F8B7FF12FD1FBBD0E7BC" box="[159,243,727,751]" captionStart="FIGURE 77" captionStartId="171.[151,244,1875,1896]" captionText="FIGURE 77. C. elaeis Hodgson &amp; Peronti, spec. nov. Holotype. For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes: (i) dorsal loculate microducts of rusci-type; (ii) dorsal setae sharply pointed; (iii) anal plates together rounded, with preopercular pores in a broad group; (iv) stigmatic setae in a broadly triangular group of about 60 setae, each group 6 or 7 deep; (v) ventral tubular ducts absent; (vi) legs with a tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis, and (vii) claw digitules both broad." pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Fig. 77</figureCitation>
; Map fig. 105)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF21F8B1FF1AFCD7BACFE15C" lastPageId="173" lastPageNumber="174" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF21F8B7FF1AFCD7BA51E60F" blockId="171.[151,1436,799,1724]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
Material examined.
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFF21F8B7FE15FCE8BA51E60F" collectingDate="1968-08-16" collectionCode="SANC" collectorName="P. de Carvalho" country="Angola" location="Salazar" municipality="Elaeis" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" specimenCode="SANC #3677" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF21F8B7FE15FCE8B926E66B" bold="true" box="[408,517,800,824]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF21F8B7FE15FCE8B926E66B" box="[408,517,800,824]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFF21F8B7FD82FCE8B907E664" box="[527,548,800,823]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
,
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF21F8B7FDB8FCD7B9B2E66B" bold="true" box="[565,657,799,824]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF21F8B7FDB8FCD7B9AFE66B" box="[565,652,799,824]" name="Angola" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Angola</collectingCountry>
,
</emphasis>
<location id="B6606059FF21F8B7FD11FCD7B9D3E664" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FF21F8B1FF1AFD7DBFC4E007:B6606059FF21F8B7FD11FCD7B9D3E664" box="[668,752,799,823]" country="Angola" municipality="Elaeis" name="Salazar" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Salazar</location>
, on
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF21F8B7FCA9FCE8B8C8E664" box="[804,1003,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
<collectingMunicipality id="5364ACF8FF21F8B7FCA9FCE8B849E66B" box="[804,874,800,824]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Elaeis</collectingMunicipality>
guineensis
</emphasis>
,
<date id="C7011042FF21F8B7FC71FCD7BFA5E664" box="[1020,1158,799,823]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" value="1968-08-16">
<collectingDate id="D745E9AAFF21F8B7FC71FCD7BFA5E664" box="[1020,1158,799,823]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" value="1968-08-16">16.viii.1968</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FF21F8B7FB18FCE8BE1DE664" box="[1173,1342,799,823]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">P. de Carvalho</collectorName>
(
<specimenCode id="E3199EF9FF21F8B7FADDFCD7BBC1E60F" collectionCode="SANC" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" name="Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" type="Museum">SANC #3677</specimenCode>
): 1/1 (good).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF21F8B7FF4AFCAFBBFCE6BF" blockId="171.[151,1436,799,1724]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF21F8B7FF4AFCAFBA26E6D3" bold="true" box="[199,261,871,896]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Also:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFF21F8B7FE96FCAFBEBAE6F7" collectingDate="1973-12-14" collectingDateMax="1973-12-15" collectingDateMin="1973-12-14" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="A. S. Balachowsky" country="Gabon" location="Belinga Forest" municipality="Makokou Forest" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" specimenCode="MNHN #5861, MNHN #5871" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF21F8B7FE96FCAFBA50E6D3" bold="true" box="[283,371,871,896]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF21F8B7FE96FCAFBA4DE6D3" box="[283,366,871,896]" name="Gabon" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Gabon</collectingCountry>
,
</emphasis>
<location id="B6606059FF21F8B7FEF2FCAFB909E62C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FF21F8B1FF1AFD7DBFC4E007:B6606059FF21F8B7FEF2FCAFB909E62C" box="[383,554,871,895]" country="Gabon" municipality="Makokou Forest" name="Belinga Forest" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Belinga Forest</location>
, host unknown,
<date id="C7011042FF21F8B7FD63FCAFB84CE62C" box="[750,879,871,895]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" value="1973-12-14">
<collectingDate id="D745E9AAFF21F8B7FD63FCAFB84CE62C" box="[750,879,871,895]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" value="1973-12-14">14.xii.1973</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FF21F8B7FCF2FCAFBF77E62C" box="[895,1108,871,895]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">A.S. Balachowsky</collectorName>
(
<specimenCode id="E3199EF9FF21F8B7FBEBFCAFBE36E62C" box="[1126,1301,871,895]" collectionCode="MNHN" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">MNHN #5861</specimenCode>
): 2/2 (fair);
<collectingMunicipality id="5364ACF8FF21F8B7FF1AFC44BA79E6F0" box="[151,346,908,932]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Makokou Forest</collectingMunicipality>
, Belinga, host unknown,
<date id="C7011042FF21F8B7FD1BFC44B83BE6F7" box="[662,792,908,932]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" value="1973-12-15">
<collectingDate id="D745E9AAFF21F8B7FD1BFC44B83BE6F7" box="[662,792,908,932]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" value="1973-12-15">15.xii.1973</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FF21F8B7FCA1FC44BF27E6F7" box="[812,1028,908,932]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">A.S. Balachowsky</collectorName>
(
<specimenCode id="E3199EF9FF21F8B7FB97FC44BFEFE6F7" box="[1050,1228,908,932]" collectionCode="MNHN" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">MNHN #5871</specimenCode>
): 1/1 (good-fair)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFF21F8B7FF1AFC67BBF8E6BF" collectingDate="1936-04" collectionCode="MNHN, TERV" collectorName="J. Ghesquiere" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" location="Eala" municipality="Elaeis" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF21F8B7FF1AFC67B960E69B" bold="true" box="[151,579,943,968]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF21F8B7FF1AFC67B960E69B" box="[151,579,943,968]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Democratic Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
,
<location id="B6606059FF21F8B7FDD8FC67B9A9E694" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FF21F8B1FF1AFD7DBFC4E007:B6606059FF21F8B7FDD8FC67B9A9E694" box="[597,650,943,967]" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" municipality="Elaeis" name="Eala" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Eala</location>
, on
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF21F8B7FD4DFC78B825E69B" box="[704,774,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
<collectingMunicipality id="5364ACF8FF21F8B7FD4DFC78B825E69B" box="[704,774,944,968]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Elaeis</collectingMunicipality>
</emphasis>
sp., -.
<date id="C7011042FF21F8B7FCC2FC67B88AE694" box="[847,937,943,967]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" value="1936-04">
<collectingDate id="D745E9AAFF21F8B7FCC2FC67B88AE694" box="[847,937,943,967]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" value="1936-04">iv.1936</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FF21F8B7FC34FC78BF75E694" box="[953,1110,943,967]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">J. Ghesquiere</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FF21F8B7FBE5FC67BFE1E694" box="[1128,1218,943,967]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">MNHN</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FF21F8B7FB5CFC67BE3DE694" box="[1233,1310,943,967]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">TERV</collectionCode>
): 2/5 (fairgood)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF21F8B7FF4AFC3FBBDFE167" blockId="171.[151,1436,799,1724]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
Main description taken from
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF21F8B7FD98FC30B96EE143" box="[533,589,1016,1040]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Type</typeStatus>
specimen; data from
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF21F8B7FCCAFC3FBFF6E15C" box="[839,1237,1015,1039]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Democratic Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
specimens in [..] brackets.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF21F8B7FF4AFB88B84EE104" blockId="171.[151,1436,799,1724]" box="[199,877,1087,1112]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF21F8B7FF4AFB88BAE4E104" box="[199,455,1087,1112]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF21F8B7FF4AFB88BAE3E10B" bold="true" box="[199,448,1087,1112]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Unmounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FF21F8B7FE58FB88BADCE104" box="[469,511,1088,1111]" country="Cameroon" name="North" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Not</collectingRegion>
seen [test too dried to describe].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF21F8B7FF4AFBACB9C4E190" blockId="171.[151,1436,799,1724]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF21F8B7FF4AFBACBA89E128" box="[199,426,1123,1148]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF21F8B7FF4AFBACBA80E12F" bold="true" box="[199,419,1123,1148]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Mounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Body oval, probably rather convex, with shallow, stigmatic clefts; dorsum with small distinct tubercles. Caudal process short and stout, probably pointing dorso-posteriorly. Length 3.43 [1.5–3.5] mm, total width of mounted specimen 3.08 [1.5–3.0] mm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF21F8B7FF4AFB18B9AAE3EF" blockId="171.[151,1436,799,1724]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF21F8B7FF4AFB18BA0DE1B4" box="[199,302,1232,1256]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF21F8B7FF4AFB18BA04E1BB" bold="true" box="[199,295,1232,1256]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">Dorsum</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm entirely membranous except for heavily sclerotised caudal process. Caudal process 1.0 mm [400–650 µm] wide and
<quantity id="74479B67FF21F8B7FE21FB3CB92CE058" box="[428,527,1268,1292]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" unit="mm" value="0.95">0.95 mm</quantity>
[425–775] long, with a few pores and dorsal setae. Derm with eight clear areas, distributed as usual, all with a few dorsal setae. Dorsal setae each quite sharply spinose, margins converging; each significantly longer than width of basal-socket (length 8–12 [5–8] µm; basal socket width 6–7 [5–6] µm); frequent throughout and sparse in most clear areas. Dorsal pores: (i) loculate microducts of rusci-type most abundant, each 8 [6–8] µm widest; those with 2 satellite loculi rare, pores with 3 or more loculi absent; pores abundant throughout but absent from all clear areas; wax-plate lines present; (ii) simple microducts of 2 sizes, smaller pores (width about 1 µm) restricted to all clear areas, and larger pores (each about 1.5 µm wide) sparse throughout rest of dorsum. Preopercular pores in a transverse band of about 40 [25–45] pores, band widest medially where up to 4 or 5 pores deep. Anal plates with a rounded margin; each with 3 pairs of setal sockets dorsally (all setae missing [60–70 µm long]) and probably with a shorter apical seta (not seen [20 µm long]); length of plates 170 [170–185] µm, width of both plates combined 190 [170–195] µm. Anterior margin of anogenital fold with at least 1 hypopygeal seta. Anal ring setae each at least 150 [165] µm long; anal tube only slightly longer than length of anal plates. Anal plate apodeme rather skirt-like.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E7C0660AFF21F8B7FF1AF89BB848E29A" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" startId="171.[151,244,1875,1896]">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF21F8B7FF1AF89BB848E29A" blockId="171.[151,1436,1875,1993]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF21F8B7FF1AF89BBA38E23B" bold="true" box="[151,283,1875,1896]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">FIGURE 77.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF21F8B7FEA8F89CB96AE23A" authority="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[293,585,1876,1897]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elaeis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF21F8B7FEA8F89CBA5FE23A" box="[293,380,1876,1897]" italics="true" pageId="171" pageNumber="172">C. elaeis</emphasis>
Hodgson &amp; Peronti
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AF857EBFF21F8B7FDDBF89CB99AE23A" box="[598,697,1876,1897]" pageId="171" pageNumber="172" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Holotype. For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes: (i) dorsal loculate microducts of rusci-type; (ii) dorsal setae sharply pointed; (iii) anal plates together rounded, with preopercular pores in a broad group; (iv) stigmatic setae in a broadly triangular group of about 60 setae, each group 6 or 7 deep; (v) ventral tubular ducts absent; (vi) legs with a tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis, and (vii) claw digitules both broad.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF27F8B1FF4AFF5FBFBEE4A7" blockId="173.[151,1436,151,1364]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF27F8B1FF4AFF5FBA0BE5FC" box="[199,296,151,176]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF27F8B1FF4AFF5FBA02E5E3" bold="true" box="[199,289,151,176]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Margin</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Marginal setae strongly setose, each seta commonly up to 35 [20–40] µm long; with about 12 [7–16] between eyespots, and, on each side, 11 [5–10] between eyespots and anterior stigmatic setae, 14–17 [5–10] between stigmatic clefts and maybe about 12–14 [11–14] on each side of abdomen; usually with up to 4 amongst stigmatic setae near outer margins of clefts; each anal lobe with 3 [3 or 4] long marginal setae, longest about 60 [95–105] µm long. Each stigmatic cleft with a broad triangular group of sharply-conical stigmatic setae, each group clearly wider than long; group broadening to 6 or 7 setae deep in each cleft; each cleft with 1 or more slightly larger setae, not in any particular position, largest about 17 [11–17] µm long, 12 [11–17] µm wide at base, smaller setae 10 [10–12] µm long, 7 [8–12] µm wide at base; setae extending some distance on either side of each cleft; with about 60 setae in each anterior cleft (with 15 or 16 along margin) and about
<quantity id="74479B67FF27F8B1FBACFE7FBF79E49C" box="[1057,1114,439,463]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.778" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" unit="in" value="70.0">70 in</quantity>
each posterior cleft (with 18 or 19 along margin) [total of
<quantity id="74479B67FF27F8B1FE50FE14B963E4A7" box="[477,576,476,500]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1684" metricValueMax="1.3462" metricValueMin="0.9906" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" unit="in" value="46.0" valueMax="53.0" valueMin="39.0">39–53 in</quantity>
all clefts]. Eyespots each about 30–33 [40] µm wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF27F8B1FF4AFDC8B9B0E664" blockId="173.[151,1436,151,1364]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF27F8B1FF4AFDC8BA3FE744" box="[199,284,512,536]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF27F8B1FF4AFDC8BA36E74B" bold="true" box="[199,277,512,536]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Venter</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm entirely membranous. Pregenital disc-pores abundant around genital opening and across preceding 2 segments; with a few on segments IV and III but absent more anteriorly [also with 0 or
<quantity id="74479B67FF27F8B1FA86FDECBE14E76F" box="[1291,1335,548,572]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
segment II]. Spiracular disc-pores unusually large, each about 6.0 µm wide, with an uncertain number of loculi (perhaps 7 or 8?) [5–9 loculi, latter common near margin, those with 5 loculi most abundant near peritremes]; present in broad bands of about 60–70 [100] pores but not actually reaching peritreme [reaching peritreme]; each band significantly wider than peritreme but also widening near margin. Ventral microducts each about 3 µm widest although perhaps slightly smaller medially; abundant in a submarginal band and only slightly less frequent medially; abundant in each spiracular atrium. Ventral tubular ducts entirely absent. Submarginal setae more than twice as frequent as marginal setae, each 10–14 [12–16] µm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF27F8B1FF4AFC8CBACFE15C" blockId="173.[151,1436,151,1364]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Antennae each with 6 segments, usually with several pseudo-articulations in segment III; total length 310–315 [275–305] µm. Clypeolabral shield about 200 [198–220] µm long. Spiracles: width of peritremes 90–100 [78–91] µm. Legs well developed, each with a distinct tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis; claw denticles obscure or absent; claw digitules both broad and longer than claw; tarsal digitules much longer than claw digitules; dimensions of metathoracic legs (µm): coxa 145 [132–145]; trochanter + femur 165 [160–170]; tibia 115 [103–108]; tarsus 75 [75–80], and claw 23 [20–22].</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF27F8B1FF4AFBD3BFC4E007" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF27F8B1FF4AFBD3B841E1B4" blockId="173.[151,1436,151,1364]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF27F8B1FF4AFBD3BA6FE167" box="[199,332,1051,1076]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF27F8B1FF4AFBD3BA66E167" bold="true" box="[199,325,1051,1076]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Discussion</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF27F8B1FED1FBD4BA9DE167" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[348,446,1052,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elaeis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF27F8B1FED1FBD4BA9DE167" box="[348,446,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">C. elaeis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is here considered to belong to the
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF27F8B1FCD8FBD4B8D8E167" box="[853,1019,1052,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="theobromae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF27F8B1FCD8FBD4B8D8E167" box="[853,1019,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">C. theobromae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-group because, although each group of stigmatic setae is clearly broader than deep, no setae extend out of the cleft along the margin. As in other members of the
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF27F8B1FEDFFBACBAD9E12F" box="[338,506,1124,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="theobromae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF27F8B1FEDFFBACBAD9E12F" box="[338,506,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">C. theobromae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group, it also lacks ventral tubular ducts in the cephalic region. It is close to
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF27F8B1FA0FFBACBA19E1F3" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrilineatus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF27F8B1FA0FFBACBA19E1F3" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">C. quadrilineatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF27F8B1FEFAFB40BAF3E1CC" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[375,464,1160,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mori">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF27F8B1FEFAFB40BAF3E1CC" box="[375,464,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">C. mori</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(described as new below) but can be best separated using the characters in the key above. It is also somewhat similar to
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF27F8B1FDB0FB64B9E8E197" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[573,715,1196,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danieleae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF27F8B1FDB0FB64B9E8E197" box="[573,715,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">C. danieleae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(described as new above in the
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF27F8B1FBBDFB64BFAAE197" box="[1072,1161,1196,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rusci">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF27F8B1FBBDFB64BFAAE197" box="[1072,1161,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">C. rusci</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-group) but
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF27F8B1FA83FB64BEBFE197" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[1294,1436,1196,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danieleae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF27F8B1FA83FB64BEBFE197" box="[1294,1436,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">C. danieleae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has a large group of ventral tubular ducts in the cephalic region.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF27F8B1FF4AFB3CBA20E07C" blockId="173.[151,1436,151,1364]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF27F8B1FF4AFB3CBA09E05F" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[199,298,1268,1292]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elaeis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF27F8B1FF4AFB3CBA09E05F" box="[199,298,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">C. elaeis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is currently only known from
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF27F8B1FD06FB3CB9C3E05F" box="[651,736,1268,1292]" name="Angola" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Angola</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF27F8B1FD60FB3CB814E05F" box="[749,823,1268,1292]" name="Gabon" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Gabon</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF27F8B1FCFCFB3CBE23E05F" box="[881,1280,1268,1292]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Democratic Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
on
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF27F8B1FAA0FB3CBE50E05F" box="[1325,1395,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Elaeis</emphasis>
sp. (Palmae).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF27F8B1FF4AFAF4BFC4E007" blockId="173.[151,1436,151,1364]" box="[199,1255,1339,1364]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF27F8B1FF4AFAF4BAB5E000" box="[199,406,1339,1364]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF27F8B1FF4AFAF4BAACE007" bold="true" box="[199,399,1339,1364]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Name derivation</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
This species is named after the host-plant genus on which it was collected.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

215
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<paragraph id="B3003682FF27F8B1FF1AFA6FB82AE092" blockId="173.[151,777,1447,1506]" box="[151,777,1447,1473]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">
<heading id="E84881EEFF27F8B1FF1AFA6FB82AE092" bold="true" box="[151,777,1447,1473]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF27F8B1FF1AFA6FB82AE092" ID-CoL="T42T" authority="(Matile-Ferrero &amp; Le Ruyet)" baseAuthorityName="Matile-Ferrero &amp; Le Ruyet" baseAuthorityYear="1985" box="[151,777,1447,1473]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hodgsoni">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF27F8B1FF1AFA6FB82AE092" bold="true" box="[151,777,1447,1473]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF27F8B1FF1AFA6FBABAE092" bold="true" box="[151,409,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Ceroplastes hodgsoni</emphasis>
(Matile-Ferrero &amp; Le Ruyet)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF27F8B1FF1AFA02BABAE0B1" box="[151,409,1482,1506]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" type="description">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF27F8B1FF1AFA02BABAE0B1" blockId="173.[151,777,1447,1506]" box="[151,409,1482,1506]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">
(
<figureCitation id="2B842A07FF27F8B1FF12FA02BBD0E0B1" box="[159,243,1482,1506]" captionStart="FIGURE 78" captionStartId="173.[151,244,1863,1884]" captionText="FIGURE 78. C. hodgsoni (Matile-Ferrero &amp; Le Ruyet). Type series. For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes: (i) dorsal loculate microducts of rusci-type; (ii) dorsal setae very short, shorter than width of basal socket, present in all clear areas; (iii) anal plates together rounded, with preopercular pores in a broad group; (iv) stigmatic setae in a compact group extending onto dorsum; (v) spiracular disc-pore bands narrow and disc-pores few; (vi) ventral tubular ducts absent anteriorly and very few posteriorly; (vii) legs without a tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis, and (viii) claw digitules both broad." pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Fig. 78</figureCitation>
; Map fig. 105)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF27F8B1FF1AF9DAB851E314" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF27F8B1FF1AF9DAB9D4E37B" blockId="173.[151,882,1554,1607]" box="[151,759,1554,1576]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFF27F8B1FF1AF9DAB9D4E37B" box="[151,759,1554,1576]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FF27F8B1FF1AF9DAB9D0E37B" author="Matile-Ferrero, D. &amp; Le Ruyet, H." box="[151,755,1554,1576]" page="262" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" year="1985">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF27F8B1FF1AF9DAB9D0E37B" ID-CoL="3FBYK" authority="Matile-Ferrero &amp; Le Ruyet, 1985: 262" authorityName="Matile-Ferrero &amp; Le Ruyet" authorityPageNumber="262" authorityYear="1985" box="[151,755,1554,1576]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Gascardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hodgsoni">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF27F8B1FF1AF9DABA47E37B" box="[151,356,1554,1576]" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Gascardia hodgsoni</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF27F8B1FEE7F9DAB9D0E37B" author="Matile-Ferrero, D. &amp; Le Ruyet, H." box="[362,755,1554,1576]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" pagination="257 - 272" refId="ref187216" refString="Matile-Ferrero, D. &amp; Le Ruyet, H. (1985) Cochenille nouvelles du massif forestier de Tai, en Cote d'Ivoire (Homoptera, Coccoidea). Revue Francaise d'Entomologie (N. S.) 7, 257 - 272." type="journal article" year="1985">Matile-Ferrero &amp; Le Ruyet, 1985: 262</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF27F8B1FF1AF9F9B851E314" blockId="173.[151,882,1554,1607]" box="[151,882,1585,1607]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFF27F8B1FF1AF9F9B851E314" box="[151,882,1585,1607]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF27F8B1FF1AF9F9B9BCE314" ID-CoL="T42T" authority="(Matile-Ferrero &amp; Le Ruyet)" baseAuthorityName="Matile-Ferrero &amp; Le Ruyet" baseAuthorityYear="1985" box="[151,671,1585,1607]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hodgsoni">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF27F8B1FF1AF9F9BA51E314" box="[151,370,1585,1607]" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Ceroplastes hodgsoni</emphasis>
(Matile-Ferrero &amp; Le Ruyet)
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FF27F8B1FD27F9FAB84EE314" author="Ben-Dov, Y." box="[682,877,1585,1607]" page="38" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" year="1993">
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF27F8B1FD27F9FAB84EE314" author="Ben-Dov, Y." box="[682,877,1585,1607]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" refId="ref183122" refString="Ben-Dov, Y. (1993) A Systematic Catalogue of Soft Scales of the World. Sandhill Crane Press, Inc., Florida, USA, Flora &amp; Fauna Handbook 9, 563 p." type="book" year="1993">Ben-Dov, 1993: 38</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF27F8B3FF1AF9BBB868E05F" lastPageId="175" lastPageNumber="176" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF27F8B1FF1AF9BBB87BE3FC" blockId="173.[151,1436,1651,1784]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF27F8B1FF1AF9BBBAA7E3DF" bold="true" box="[151,388,1651,1676]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Material examined:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFF27F8B1FE00F9BCB87BE3FC" collectingDate="1978-01-26" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="G. Couturier" country="Ivory Coast" location="Tai" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" specimenCode="MNHN 7518-4" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF27F8B1FE00F9BCB9A4E3DF" bold="true" box="[397,647,1652,1676]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF27F8B1FE00F9BCBAD9E3DF" box="[397,506,1652,1676]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
+
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF27F8B1FD91F9BCB9A4E3DF" box="[540,647,1652,1676]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFF27F8B1FD1EF9BCB98BE3D8" box="[659,680,1652,1675]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
,
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF27F8B1FD46F9BBB851E3DF" bold="true" box="[715,882,1651,1676]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF27F8B1FD46F9BBB84EE3DF" box="[715,877,1651,1676]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Côte d’Ivoire</collectingCountry>
,
</emphasis>
<location id="B6606059FF27F8B1FCF1F9BCB887E3DF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FF27F8B3FF1AFA6FBE73E0CF:B6606059FF27F8B1FCF1F9BCB887E3DF" box="[892,932,1652,1676]" country="Ivory Coast" name="Tai" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Tai</location>
,
<collectedFrom id="00A3757FFF27F8B1FC22F9BCBFD9E3DF" box="[943,1274,1652,1676]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">
on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF27F8B1FC59F9BCBFD9E3DF" box="[980,1274,1652,1676]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Cleistanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="polystachyus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF27F8B1FC59F9BCBFD9E3DF" box="[980,1274,1652,1676]" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Cleistanthus polystachyus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
,
<date id="C7011042FF27F8B1FA87F9BCBE55E3DF" box="[1290,1398,1652,1676]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" value="1978-01-26">
<collectingDate id="D745E9AAFF27F8B1FA87F9BCBE55E3DF" box="[1290,1398,1652,1676]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" value="1978-01-26">26.i.1978</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FF27F8B1FA09F9BCBA21E3FC" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">G. Couturier</collectorName>
(
<specimenCode id="E3199EF9FF27F8B1FE9DF95FBAE7E3FC" box="[272,452,1687,1711]" collectionCode="MNHN" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">MNHN 7518-4</specimenCode>
): 1/2 (
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF27F8B1FD84F95FB94FE3FC" box="[521,620,1687,1711]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
good,
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF27F8B1FD34F950B839E3E3" box="[697,794,1688,1712]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
fair).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF27F8B1FF4AF974B917E3A4" blockId="173.[151,1436,1651,1784]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF27F8B1FF4AF974BAE8E380" box="[199,459,1723,1748]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF27F8B1FF4AF974BAE7E387" bold="true" box="[199,452,1723,1748]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">Unmounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
“Femelle adulte subsphérique, recouverte d’un revêtement cireux blachâtre, épais.” (
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF27F8B1FF13F917B908E3A4" author="Matile-Ferrero, D. &amp; Le Ruyet, H." box="[158,555,1759,1784]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" pagination="257 - 272" refId="ref187216" refString="Matile-Ferrero, D. &amp; Le Ruyet, H. (1985) Cochenille nouvelles du massif forestier de Tai, en Cote d'Ivoire (Homoptera, Coccoidea). Revue Francaise d'Entomologie (N. S.) 7, 257 - 272." type="journal article" year="1985">Matile-Ferrero &amp; Ruyet, 1985: 262</bibRefCitation>
)
</paragraph>
<caption id="E7C0660AFF27F8B1FF1AF88FB8B3E28F" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" startId="173.[151,244,1863,1884]">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF27F8B1FF1AF88FB8B3E28F" blockId="173.[151,1436,1863,2012]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF27F8B1FF1AF88FBA3AE20F" bold="true" box="[151,281,1863,1884]" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">FIGURE 78.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF27F8B1FEADF880B99BE20F" authority="(Matile-Ferrero &amp; Le Ruyet)" baseAuthorityName="Matile-Ferrero &amp; Le Ruyet" baseAuthorityYear="1985" box="[288,696,1863,1885]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="173" pageNumber="174" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hodgsoni">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF27F8B1FEADF880BAB5E20E" box="[288,406,1864,1885]" italics="true" pageId="173" pageNumber="174">C. hodgsoni</emphasis>
(Matile-Ferrero &amp; Le Ruyet)
</taxonomicName>
. Type series. For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes: (i) dorsal loculate microducts of rusci-type; (ii) dorsal setae very short, shorter than width of basal socket, present in all clear areas; (iii) anal plates together rounded, with preopercular pores in a broad group; (iv) stigmatic setae in a compact group extending onto dorsum; (v) spiracular disc-pore bands narrow and disc-pores few; (vi) ventral tubular ducts absent anteriorly and very few posteriorly; (vii) legs without a tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis, and (viii) claw digitules both broad.
</paragraph>
</caption>
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<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF25F8B3FF4AFF50BA83E5E3" bold="true" box="[199,416,151,176]" pageId="175" pageNumber="176">Mounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Body probably rather roundly oval and convex, with distinct, quite deep, stigmatic clefts; dorsum with small lateral tubercles. Caudal process short, placed posteriorly on dorsum. Length about
<quantity id="74479B67FF25F8B3FAC5FF74BBE6E5A4" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="175" pageNumber="176" unit="mm" value="1.55" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.3">1.3–1.8 mm</quantity>
, width
<quantity id="74479B67FF25F8B3FE9AFF17BA9EE5A4" box="[279,445,223,247]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.315" metricValueMax="1.38" metricValueMin="1.25" pageId="175" pageNumber="176" unit="mm" value="1.315" valueMax="1.38" valueMin="1.25">1.25–1.38 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF25F8B3FF4AFECCBA04E44F" bold="true" box="[199,295,260,284]" pageId="175" pageNumber="176">Dorsum</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm membranous except for heavily sclerotised caudal process. Caudal process about 350–600 µm long; width across flattened process 410–570 µm. Derm with 8 clear areas, each with many dorsal setae. Dorsal setae each very short, subequal to or much shorter than width of basal socket, length 1.5–3.0 µm long; basal socket width 4–5 µm; setae rather variable in shape, mostly with convergent sides with a blunt apex but a few almost pointed; quite abundant and present in all clear areas. Dorsal pores: (i) loculate microducts of rusci-type, each about 5–6 µm widest; pores with 2 or more satellite loculi not detected; pores abundant throughout but absent from all clear areas; wax-plate lines not detected, and (ii) simple microducts, each with a very small orifice 1 µm or less wide, present in clear areas. Preopercular pores rather abundant, with
<quantity id="74479B67FF25F8B3FC56FE37BF1DE744" box="[987,1086,511,535]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" metricValueMax="1.1176" metricValueMin="0.9144" pageId="175" pageNumber="176" unit="in" value="40.0" valueMax="44.0" valueMin="36.0">36–44 in</quantity>
a band about 2 or 3 pores wide extending along anterior margin and a little way down each posterior margin; each pore 3–4 µm wide. Anal plates rounded; length of plates 155–160 µm, width of both plates 130–140 µm; each with 3 long dorsal setae. Details of anogenital fold, anal ring and anal tube unknown.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF25F8B3FF4AFD47BA02E7FB" bold="true" box="[199,289,655,680]" pageId="175" pageNumber="176">Margin</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Marginal setae stoutly setose, each 13–15 µm long, number around margin uncertain but few; each anal lobe with 1–4 long rather spinose setae, longest about 65 µm long. Stigmatic clefts quite deep, each with a group of blunt, apically rounded, conical stigmatic setae extending in a broad group onto dorsum; with
<quantity id="74479B67FF25F8B3FAB5FD1FBEBFE7BC" box="[1336,1436,727,751]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2192" metricValueMax="1.524" metricValueMin="0.9144" pageId="175" pageNumber="176" unit="in" value="48.0" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="36.0">36–60 in</quantity>
each group, with 1 significantly larger towards dorsal edge of group; smallest setae about 7 µm long and 5 µm wide at base, most about 8 µm long and 6 µm wide, but largest seta 15 µm long and 8–12 µm wide at base. Eyespots each about 33–35 µm wide.
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF25F8B3FF4AFCA0BA36E6D3" bold="true" box="[199,277,872,896]" pageId="175" pageNumber="176">Venter</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm entirely membranous. Pregenital disc-pores abundant around genital opening (segment VII) and across preceding segment, absent from more anterior segments. Spiracular disc-pores present in a narrow band near spiracles, broadening almost to width of stigmatic clefts marginally; each band with 30–50 pores; with none mesad to peritremes. Ventral microducts as usual but very sparse medially on abdomen. Ventral tubular ducts absent on head; present associated with anogenital fold but few, only 2 noted, each without an inner ductule, outer ductule about 15–17 µm long. Submarginal setae each 8–10 µm long and much more abundant than marginal setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF25F8B3FF4AFBACB868E05F" blockId="175.[151,1436,151,1436]" pageId="175" pageNumber="176">
Antennae each 6 segmented, segment III without any sign of pseudo-articulations; total length 190–195 µm. Clypeolabral shield 145–160 µm long. Spiracles: width of peritremes 50–53 µm. Legs well developed, each without a tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis; each claw with hint of a denticle; claw digitules narrower than on some
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF25F8B3FF1AFB18BA50E1B4" box="[151,371,1231,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="175" pageNumber="176" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF25F8B3FF1AFB18BA3FE1BB" box="[151,284,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="175" pageNumber="176">Ceroplastes</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
and shorter than tarsal digitules; dimensions of metathoracic legs (µm): coxa 86–88; trochanter + femur 120–122; tibia 73–80; tarsus 58–63, and claw 19–20.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF25F8B3FF4AFADFBE73E0CF" pageId="175" pageNumber="176" type="discussion">
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<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF25F8B3FF4AFADFBA6FE07C" box="[199,332,1303,1328]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="175" pageNumber="176" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF25F8B3FF4AFADFBA66E063" bold="true" box="[199,325,1303,1328]" pageId="175" pageNumber="176">Discussion</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
The adult females of
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF25F8B3FDCCFAD0B9E4E063" baseAuthorityName="Matile-Ferrero &amp; Le Ruyet" baseAuthorityYear="1985" box="[577,711,1304,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="175" pageNumber="176" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hodgsoni">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF25F8B3FDCCFAD0B9E4E063" box="[577,711,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="175" pageNumber="176">C. hodgsoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differ from all others in this species-group in the very small size of the dorsal setae, which are present in all the dorsal clear areas, in having all loculate microducts of the ruscitype, none apparently with 2 or more satellite loculi, and in having few spiracular disc pores.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF25F8B3FF4AFA4CBE73E0CF" blockId="175.[151,1436,151,1436]" box="[199,1360,1412,1436]" pageId="175" pageNumber="176">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF25F8B3FF4AFA4CBA6DE0CF" baseAuthorityName="Matile-Ferrero &amp; Le Ruyet" baseAuthorityYear="1985" box="[199,334,1412,1436]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="175" pageNumber="176" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hodgsoni">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF25F8B3FF4AFA4CBA6DE0CF" box="[199,334,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="175" pageNumber="176">C. hodgsoni</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is currently only known from
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF25F8B3FD29FA4CB819E0CF" box="[676,826,1412,1436]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="175" pageNumber="176">Côte d’Ivoire</collectingCountry>
on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF25F8B3FCE9FA4CBE6FE0CF" box="[868,1356,1412,1436]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Cleistanthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="175" pageNumber="176" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="polystachyus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF25F8B3FCE9FA4CBFA4E0CF" box="[868,1159,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="175" pageNumber="176">Cleistanthus polystachyus</emphasis>
(Euphorbiaceae)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

414
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<heading id="E84881EEFF29F8BFFF1AFE5CB937E4FE" bold="true" box="[151,532,403,430]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF29F8BFFF1AFE5CB937E4FE" ID-CoL="T3ZW" authority="(Brain)" baseAuthorityName="Brain" baseAuthorityYear="1920" box="[151,532,403,430]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elytropappi">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF29F8BFFF1AFE5CB937E4FE" bold="true" box="[151,532,403,430]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF29F8BFFF1AFE5CBA92E4FD" bold="true" box="[151,433,404,430]" italics="true" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">Ceroplastes elytropappi</emphasis>
(Brain)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF29F8BFFF1AFE7EBABAE49D" box="[151,409,438,462]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" type="description">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF29F8BFFF1AFE7EBABAE49D" blockId="163.[151,532,403,462]" box="[151,409,438,462]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">
(
<figureCitation id="2B842A07FF29F8BFFF12FE7EBBD0E49D" box="[159,243,438,462]" captionStart="FIGURE 74" captionStartId="163.[151,244,1860,1881]" captionText="FIGURE 74. C. elytropappi Brain. As C. adustus De Lotto, paratype. For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes: (i) dorsal loculate microducts of intermediate-type; (ii) dorsal setae short and pointed; (iii) each cleft with very few stigmatic setae, restricted to cleft; (iv) each stigmatic seta mainly roundly conical; (v) spiracular disc-pore bands narrow; (vi) multilocular disc-pores restricted to posterior abdominal segments; (vii) ventral tubular ducts absent anteriorly but a few present posteriorly; (viii) legs without a tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis, and (ix) claw digitules both broad." pageId="163" pageNumber="164">Fig. 74</figureCitation>
; Map fig. 105)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF29F8BFFF1AFE37B99AE702" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF29F8BFFF1AFE37B97BE747" blockId="163.[151,979,510,594]" box="[151,600,510,533]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFF29F8BFFF1AFE37B97BE747" box="[151,600,510,533]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FF29F8BFFF1AFE37B976E747" author="Brain, C. K." box="[151,597,510,533]" page="127" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" year="1920">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF29F8BFFF1AFE37B976E747" ID-CoL="K6QD" authority="Brain, 1920 a: 127" authorityName="Brain" authorityPageNumber="127" authorityYear="1920" box="[151,597,510,533]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Baccacoccus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elytropappi">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF29F8BFFF1AFE37BAB6E746" box="[151,405,511,533]" italics="true" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">Baccacoccus elytropappi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF29F8BFFE16FE36B976E747" author="Brain, C. K." box="[411,597,510,532]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" pagination="95 - 128" refId="ref183520" refString="Brain, C. K. (1920 a) The Coccidae of South Africa - IV. Bulletin of Entomological Research 10, 95 - 128." type="journal article" year="1920">Brain, 1920a: 127</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF29F8BFFF1AFDD5B8F0E760" blockId="163.[151,979,510,594]" box="[151,979,541,563]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFF29F8BFFF1AFDD5B8F0E760" box="[151,979,541,563]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FF29F8BFFF1AFDD5B965E760" author="De Lotto, G." box="[151,582,541,563]" page="781" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" year="1967">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF29F8BFFF1AFDD5B965E760" ID-CoL="69N6T" authority="De Lotto, 1967 b: 781" authorityName=": De Lotto" authorityPageNumber="781" authorityYear="1967" box="[151,582,541,563]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="adustus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF29F8BFFF1AFDD5BA41E760" box="[151,354,541,563]" italics="true" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">Ceroplastes adustus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF29F8BFFEE4FDD6B965E760" author="De Lotto, G." box="[361,582,541,563]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" pagination="781 - 810" refId="ref184309" refString="De Lotto, G. (1967 b) The soft scales (Homoptera: Coccidae) of South Africa, i. South African Journal of Agricultural Science 10, 781 - 810." type="journal article" year="1967">De Lotto, 1967b: 781</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
. Synonymised by
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FF29F8BFFD72FDD6B8ECE760" author="De Lotto, G." box="[767,975,541,563]" page="141" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" year="1971">
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF29F8BFFD72FDD6B8ECE760" author="De Lotto, G." box="[767,975,541,563]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" pagination="133 - 153" refId="ref184491" refString="De Lotto, G. (1971) On some genera and species of wax scales (Homoptera: Coccidae). Journal of Natural History 5, 133 - 153." type="journal article" year="1971">De Lotto, 1971: 141</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF29F8BFFF1AFDF4B99AE702" blockId="163.[151,979,510,594]" box="[151,697,571,594]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFF29F8BFFF1AFDF4B99AE702" box="[151,697,571,594]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF29F8BFFF1AFDF4BAF8E702" ID-CoL="T3ZW" authority="(Brain)" baseAuthorityName="Brain" baseAuthorityYear="1920" box="[151,475,571,594]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elytropappi">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF29F8BFFF1AFDF4BAAAE701" box="[151,393,572,594]" italics="true" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">Ceroplastes elytropappi</emphasis>
(Brain)
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FF29F8BFFE68FDF4B995E702" author="De Lotto, G." box="[485,694,571,593]" page="141" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" year="1971">
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF29F8BFFE68FDF4B995E702" author="De Lotto, G." box="[485,694,571,593]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" pagination="133 - 153" refId="ref184491" refString="De Lotto, G. (1971) On some genera and species of wax scales (Homoptera: Coccidae). Journal of Natural History 5, 133 - 153." type="journal article" year="1971">De Lotto, 1971: 141</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="B3003682FF29F8BFFF1AFDB6BE42E7E9" blockId="163.[151,1437,638,1743]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF29F8BFFF1AFDB6B9E9E7C4" bold="true" box="[151,714,638,663]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF29F8BFFF1AFDB6BAA7E7C4" box="[151,388,638,663]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" reason="1">Material examined.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF29F8BFFE17FDB6B91CE7C4" baseAuthorityName="Brain" baseAuthorityYear="1920" box="[410,575,638,663]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elytropappi">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF29F8BFFE17FDB6B91CE7C4" bold="true" box="[410,575,638,663]" italics="true" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">C. elytropappi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF29F8BFFDD9FDB7B9E9E7C4" box="[596,714,639,663]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFF29F8BFFD58FDB7B9C9E7C5" box="[725,746,639,662]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF29F8BFFD78FDB6BF5BE7C4" bold="true" box="[757,1144,638,663]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">
(here designated):
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF29F8BFFC56FDB6BF5BE7C4" box="[987,1144,638,663]" name="South Africa" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">South Africa</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
: top label:
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF29F8BFFB70FDB7BEA9E7C5" authorityName="Brain" authorityYear="1920" box="[1277,1418,639,662]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Baccacoccus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Baccacoccus</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF29F8BFFF1AFD6ABA75E7E9" authority="Brain" authorityName="Brain" box="[151,342,674,698]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elytropappi">elytropappi Brain</taxonomicName>
/ on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF29F8BFFE01FD6AB93EE7E9" box="[396,541,674,698]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Elytropappus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Elytropappus</taxonomicName>
/ rhinocerotis / French Hock, CPL, 1904 /
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF29F8BFFC63FD6BBF6EE7E8" box="[1006,1101,675,699]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
(
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FF29F8BFFBD6FD6ABF85E7E9" box="[1115,1190,674,698]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" name="Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" type="Museum">SANC</collectionCode>
297): 1/1 (poor).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF29F8BFFF4AFD0FB917E675" blockId="163.[151,1437,638,1743]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFF29F8BFFF4AFD0FB913E675" collectionCode="USNM" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" specimenCode="SANC 297" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paralectotype">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF29F8BFFF4AFD0FBA4FE78C" bold="true" box="[199,364,711,735]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF29F8BFFF4AFD0FBA4FE78C" box="[199,364,711,735]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFF29F8BFFEFEFD0FBAABE78D" box="[371,392,711,734]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
: labelled as for
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF29F8BFFDB1FD0EB980E78D" box="[572,675,710,734]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
(
<specimenCode id="E3199EF9FF29F8BFFD3FFD0EB817E78D" box="[690,820,710,734]" collectionCode="SANC" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" name="Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" type="Museum">SANC 297</specimenCode>
): 1/1 (poor); data essentially as
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF29F8BFFB15FD0EBFDCE78D" box="[1176,1279,710,734]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
(
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FF29F8BFFA83FD0EBE45E78D" box="[1294,1382,710,734]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
): 3/5 (1 slide marked type with
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFF29F8BFFE48FD22B970E651" box="[453,595,746,770]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
, 2 slides marked
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF29F8BFFC91FD23B8A9E650" box="[796,906,747,771]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
, 1 with?
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFF29F8BFFC79FD22BFA7E651" box="[1012,1156,746,770]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
; see comment on “type” specimens in Material and methods)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF29F8BFFF4AFCFAB84EE63D" blockId="163.[151,1437,638,1743]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF29F8BFFF4AFCFABA6DE618" bold="true" box="[199,334,818,843]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF29F8BFFF4AFCFABA66E618" authorityName=": De Lotto" authorityYear="1967" box="[199,325,818,843]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="adustus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF29F8BFFF4AFCFABA66E618" bold="true" box="[199,325,818,843]" italics="true" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">C. adustus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
:
</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFF29F8BFFED7FCFBB84AE63D" collectingDate="1966-03-01" collectionCode="USNM, BMNH" collectorName="J. Munting" country="South Africa" location="Ceres" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF29F8BFFED7FCFBBAE4E618" bold="true" box="[346,455,819,843]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF29F8BFFED7FCFBBAE4E618" box="[346,455,819,843]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFF29F8BFFE5FFCFBBAC4E619" box="[466,487,819,842]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
:
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF29F8BFFD9CFCFAB98CE618" bold="true" box="[529,687,818,843]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF29F8BFFD9CFCFAB98CE618" box="[529,687,818,843]" name="South Africa" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">South Africa</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
,
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FF29F8BFFD4FFCFBB8F7E619" box="[706,980,818,842]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">Western Cape Province</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="B6606059FF29F8BFFC69FCFABF04E619" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FF29F8B9FF1AFE5CB83CE6BF:B6606059FF29F8BFFC69FCFABF04E619" box="[996,1063,818,842]" country="South Africa" name="Ceres" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" stateProvince="Western Cape">Ceres</location>
,
<date id="C7011042FF29F8BFFBBBFCFABF80E619" box="[1078,1187,818,842]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" value="1966-03-01">
<collectingDate id="D745E9AAFF29F8BFFBBBFCFABF80E619" box="[1078,1187,818,842]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" value="1966-03-01">1.iii.1966</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectedFrom id="00A3757FFF29F8BFFB39FCFBBE5AE619" box="[1204,1401,819,842]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">
on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF29F8BFFB51FCFBBE5AE619" box="[1244,1401,819,842]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Passerina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF29F8BFFB51FCFBBE6FE619" box="[1244,1356,819,842]" italics="true" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">Passerina</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
,
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FF29F8BFFA07FCFBBBD4E63D" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">J. Munting</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FF29F8BFFE8BFC9EBA7DE63D" box="[262,350,854,878]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
): 3/5 (good); as previous (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FF29F8BFFD0EFC9EB9FDE63D" box="[643,734,854,878]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/1 (good)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF29F8BFFF4AFCB2B93BE6AD" blockId="163.[151,1437,638,1743]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF29F8BFFF4AFCB2BA26E6C0" bold="true" box="[199,261,890,915]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">Also:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFF29F8BFFE9FFCB2BA50E6E5" collectingDate="1967-05-26" collectionCode="SANC" collectorName="A. Boonzaaier" country="South Africa" location="Hopefield" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" specimenCode="SANC #2803" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF29F8BFFE9FFCB2BA94E6C0" bold="true" box="[274,439,890,915]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF29F8BFFE9FFCB2BA91E6C0" box="[274,434,890,915]" name="South Africa" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">South Africa</collectingCountry>
,
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FF29F8BFFE49FCB3B9F4E6C1" box="[452,727,890,914]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">Western Cape Province</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="B6606059FF29F8BFFD65FCB2B878E6C1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FF29F8B9FF1AFE5CB83CE6BF:B6606059FF29F8BFFD65FCB2B878E6C1" box="[744,859,890,914]" country="South Africa" name="Hopefield" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" stateProvince="Western Cape">Hopefield</location>
,
<collectedFrom id="00A3757FFF29F8BFFCE1FCB3BF22E6C1" box="[876,1025,891,914]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">
on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF29F8BFFC19FCB3BF22E6C1" box="[916,1025,891,914]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Erica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF29F8BFFC19FCB3B8F1E6C1" box="[916,978,891,914]" italics="true" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">Erica</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
,
<date id="C7011042FF29F8BFFB9EFCB2BFA0E6C1" box="[1043,1155,890,914]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" value="1967-05-26">
<collectingDate id="D745E9AAFF29F8BFFB9EFCB2BFA0E6C1" box="[1043,1155,890,914]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" value="1967-05-26">26.v.1967</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FF29F8BFFB19FCB2BE18E6C1" box="[1172,1339,890,914]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">A. Boonzaaier</collectorName>
(
<specimenCode id="E3199EF9FF29F8BFFADDFCB2BBC1E6E5" collectionCode="SANC" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" name="Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" type="Museum">SANC #2803</specimenCode>
): 2/2 (good)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFF29F8BFFE0FFC56B903E689" collectingDate="1970-08-01" collectionCode="SANC" collectorName="P. Insley" country="South Africa" location="Graskop" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" specimenCode="SANC #4425" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mpumalanga">
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FF29F8BFFE0FFC56B9A1E6E5" box="[386,642,926,950]" country="South Africa" name="Mpumalanga" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">Mpumalanga Province</collectingRegion>
[Eastern Transvaal],
<location id="B6606059FF29F8BFFCF1FC56B8FDE6E5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FF29F8B9FF1AFE5CB83CE6BF:B6606059FF29F8BFFCF1FC56B8FDE6E5" box="[892,990,926,950]" country="South Africa" name="Graskop" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" stateProvince="Mpumalanga">Graskop</location>
,
<collectedFrom id="00A3757FFF29F8BFFC61FC57BFCEE6E5" box="[1004,1261,927,950]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">
on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF29F8BFFB9CFC57BFCEE6E5" authorityName="Thoday" authorityYear="1924" box="[1041,1261,927,950]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Passerina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="montana">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF29F8BFFB9CFC57BFCEE6E5" box="[1041,1261,927,950]" italics="true" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">Passerina montana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
,
<date id="C7011042FF29F8BFFB73FC56BE5AE6E5" box="[1278,1401,926,950]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" value="1970-08-01">
<collectingDate id="D745E9AAFF29F8BFFB73FC56BE5AE6E5" box="[1278,1401,926,950]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" value="1970-08-01">1.viii.1970</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FF29F8BFFA05FC57BBF8E689" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">P. Insley</collectorName>
(
<specimenCode id="E3199EF9FF29F8BFFF60FC0ABAACE689" box="[237,399,962,986]" collectionCode="SANC" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" name="Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" type="Museum">SANC #4425</specimenCode>
): 1/1 (good)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFF29F8BFFDA3FC0BB937E6AD" collectingDate="1970-03-17" collectionCode="SANC" collectorName="P. Insley" country="South Africa" location="Jeffrey's Bay" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" specimenCode="SANC #4391" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape">
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FF29F8BFFDA3FC0BB81EE689" box="[558,829,962,986]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">Western Cape Province</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="B6606059FF29F8BFFCC6FC0AB8C0E688" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FF29F8B9FF1AFE5CB83CE6BF:B6606059FF29F8BFFCC6FC0AB8C0E688" box="[843,995,962,987]" country="South Africa" name="Jeffrey's Bay" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" stateProvince="Western Cape">Jeffrey’s Bay</location>
,
<collectedFrom id="00A3757FFF29F8BFFC7FFC0BBFCEE688" box="[1010,1261,963,987]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">
on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF29F8BFFB9AFC0BBFCEE688" box="[1047,1261,963,987]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Passerina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vulgaris">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF29F8BFFB9AFC0BBFCEE688" box="[1047,1261,963,987]" italics="true" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">Passerina vulgaris</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
,
<date id="C7011042FF29F8BFFB73FC0ABE59E689" box="[1278,1402,962,986]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" value="1970-03-17">
<collectingDate id="D745E9AAFF29F8BFFB73FC0ABE59E689" box="[1278,1402,962,986]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" value="1970-03-17">17.iii.1970</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FF29F8BFFA05FC0BBBF8E6AD" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">P. Insley</collectorName>
(
<specimenCode id="E3199EF9FF29F8BFFF67FC2EBAAAE6AD" box="[234,393,998,1022]" collectionCode="SANC" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" name="Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" type="Museum">SANC #4391</specimenCode>
): 2/2 (good)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF29F8BFFF4AFBC3B8E9E170" blockId="163.[151,1437,638,1743]" box="[199,970,1034,1059]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF29F8BFFF4AFBC3BBDCE170" bold="true" box="[199,255,1035,1059]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">Note</emphasis>
. Data in brackets below from
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF29F8BFFDD7FBC3B83DE171" author="De Lotto, G." box="[602,798,1034,1058]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" pagination="781 - 810" refId="ref184309" refString="De Lotto, G. (1967 b) The soft scales (Homoptera: Coccidae) of South Africa, i. South African Journal of Agricultural Science 10, 781 - 810." type="journal article" year="1967">De Lotto (1967b)</bibRefCitation>
for
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF29F8BFFCC1FBC3B8E9E170" box="[844,970,1035,1059]" italics="true" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF29F8BFFCC1FBC3B8E5E170" authorityName=": De Lotto" authorityYear="1967" box="[844,966,1035,1059]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="adustus">C. adustus</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF29F8BFFF4AFBE7BAFAE1E1" blockId="163.[151,1437,638,1743]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF29F8BFFF4AFBE7BAE0E115" box="[199,451,1070,1095]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF29F8BFFF4AFBE7BA9FE114" bold="true" box="[199,444,1070,1095]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">Unmounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
“Test of the immature adult females small, about
<quantity id="74479B67FF29F8BFFC7AFBE6BF1AE115" box="[1015,1081,1070,1094]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="74479B67FF29F8BFFB0EFBE6BFE7E115" box="[1155,1220,1070,1094]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
wide; fairly highly convex, with a well-marked lateral depression; centre of the dome with a rather large whitish boss; wax soft, not divided into plates; colour light brown. Length [presumably of unmounted specimens]
<quantity id="74479B67FF29F8BFFBD6FBBEBF90E1DD" box="[1115,1203,1142,1166]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
, width
<quantity id="74479B67FF29F8BFFA89FBBEBE7DE1DD" box="[1284,1374,1142,1166]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" unit="mm" value="0.8">0.8 mm</quantity>
.” (
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF29F8BFFAF6FBBEBA0CE1E1" author="De Lotto, G." pageId="163" pageNumber="164" pagination="781 - 810" refId="ref184309" refString="De Lotto, G. (1967 b) The soft scales (Homoptera: Coccidae) of South Africa, i. South African Journal of Agricultural Science 10, 781 - 810." type="journal article" year="1967">De Lotto (1967b)</bibRefCitation>
of
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF29F8BFFEDEFB53BAEBE1E0" authorityName=": De Lotto" authorityYear="1967" box="[339,456,1179,1203]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="adustus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF29F8BFFEDEFB53BAEBE1E0" box="[339,456,1179,1203]" italics="true" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">C. adustus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF29F8BFFF4AFB77BA93E1A9" blockId="163.[151,1437,638,1743]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF29F8BFFF4AFB77BA87E185" box="[199,420,1214,1239]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF29F8BFFF4AFB77BABDE184" bold="true" box="[199,414,1214,1239]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">Mounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Body broadly elliptical to roundly circular; lateral processes well developed. Length: 0.85–2.5, width: 0.6–1.5.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF29F8BFFF4AFACFBE6CE39D" blockId="163.[151,1437,638,1743]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF29F8BFFF4AFACFBA0FE04D" box="[199,300,1287,1311]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF29F8BFFF4AFACFBA06E04C" bold="true" box="[199,293,1287,1311]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">Dorsum</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm entirely membranous on young individuals except for heavily sclerotised caudal process. Caudal process short, conical,
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long,
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wide, with a few simple pores; some specimens with a reticulate pattern within sclerotised area. Derm with eight clear areas, distributed as usual except mediodorsal area exceptionally large; all clear areas without dorsal setae. Dorsal setae spinose with convergent sides and a sharp apex; extremely short, smaller than width of loculate microducts and shorter than width of basal socket (length 2–3 µm; basal socket width 3–3.5 µm); frequent except absent from clear areas. Dorsal pores: (i) loculate microducts of intermediate
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF29F8BFFEABFA17BA7BE0A4" box="[294,344,1503,1527]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">type</typeStatus>
, abundant; pores with 1 satellite loculus most abundant, each about 4.0–5.0 µm wide; pores with 2 satellite loculi infrequent; present throughout but absent from all clear areas and from a fairly wide marginal band; wax-plate lines not detected; and (ii) simple microducts present throughout and very obvious, possibly of
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFF29F8BFFACEF9EEBEBBE36C" box="[1347,1432,1574,1599]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" type="generic" typeStatus="types">2 types</specimenCount>
, those amongst loculate microducts appearing slightly larger and darker than those in clear areas. Preopercular pores present in a transverse band of 9–20 pores, each very small. Anal plates generally slightly longer than combined breadth, each 109–135 µm long, combined width 99–120 µm; each with 3 pairs of long dorsal setae on posterior third, each 32–55 µm long, plus a smaller subapical seta, 15–25 µm long. Anal tube subequal to length of anal plates.
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B3003682FF29F8BFFF1AF88CB996E28A" blockId="163.[151,1436,1860,2009]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF29F8BFFF1AF88CBA3AE20A" bold="true" box="[151,281,1860,1881]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">FIGURE 74.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF29F8BFFEACF88CB93BE20A" authority="Brain. As" authorityName="Brain. As" box="[289,536,1860,1881]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elytropappi">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF29F8BFFEACF88CBA8FE20A" box="[289,428,1860,1881]" italics="true" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">C. elytropappi</emphasis>
Brain. As
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF29F8BFFD92F88CB9C5E20A" authority="De Lotto" authorityName=": De Lotto" authorityYear="1967" box="[543,742,1860,1881]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="adustus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF29F8BFFD92F88CB9A6E20A" box="[543,645,1860,1881]" italics="true" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">C. adustus</emphasis>
De Lotto
</taxonomicName>
, paratype. For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes: (i) dorsal loculate microducts of intermediate-type; (ii) dorsal setae short and pointed; (iii) each cleft with very few stigmatic setae, restricted to cleft; (iv) each stigmatic seta mainly roundly conical; (v) spiracular disc-pore bands narrow; (vi) multilocular disc-pores restricted to posterior abdominal segments; (vii) ventral tubular ducts absent anteriorly but a few present posteriorly; (viii) legs without a tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis, and (ix) claw digitules both broad.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF2FF8B9FF4AFF5FBAEBE46C" blockId="165.[151,1437,151,1004]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2FF8B9FF4AFF5FBA05E5FC" box="[199,294,151,176]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2FF8B9FF4AFF5FBA3CE5E3" bold="true" box="[199,287,151,176]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Margin</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Marginal setae short, each 6–13 µm long, with perhaps 4–6 between eyespots, and (on each side) 1–3 between eyespots and anterior stigmatic setae, 2–4 between stigmatic clefts and maybe about 2–15 on each side of abdomen; longer setae on anal lobes not observed. Stigmatic clefts shallow, each with a group of 3–15 roundly conical stigmatic setae of rather uniform size, most setae as wide as or wider than their length, usually in 1–3 rows. Eyespots each about 15–18 µm wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF2FF8B9FF4AFE84B861E744" blockId="165.[151,1437,151,1004]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2FF8B9FF4AFE84BA3FE430" box="[199,284,332,356]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2FF8B9FF4AFE84BA36E437" bold="true" box="[199,277,332,356]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Venter</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm entirely membranous. Pregenital disc-pores abundant around vulva and in segment VI, plus
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all preceding abdominal segments. Spiracular disc-pores in narrow bands, each with 45–50 pores. Ventral microducts usually absent medially on posterior thoracic and abdominal segments. Ventral tubular ducts with basal part of inner ductule dilated and short, usually 4–6 µm long, without a glandular end; absent in cephalic region but with 8–18 mediolaterally associated with each anogenital fold in abdominal segments III–VI. Submarginal setae each about 5–8 µm long, more abundant than marginal setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF2FF8B9FF4AFDECB883E7BC" blockId="165.[151,1437,151,1004]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Antennae each with 6 (–7) segments, with 0 or 1 pseudo-articulation in segment III (sometimes apparently completely dividing segment, making antenna appear 7 segmented); each antenna 175–220 µm long. Clypeolabral shield about 125–140 µm long. Spiracles: diameter of peritremes 30–45 µm long, muscle plate 45–50 µm long. Legs well developed, each without a tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis; each claw with a small denticle; claw digitules both broad; dimensions of metathoracic legs (µm): coxa 80–124; trochanter + femur: 105–152; tibia: 70–116; tarsus 47–83, and claw 20–24; tarsal digitules 57–58 long; claw digitules 31–34 long.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF2FF8B9FF4AFD33B83CE6BF" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF2FF8B9FF4AFD33B9C2E608" blockId="165.[151,1437,151,1004]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
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<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2FF8B9FF4AFD33BA66E647" bold="true" box="[199,325,763,788]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Discussion</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF2FF8B9FED1FD34BADAE647" author="Brain, C. K." box="[348,505,764,788]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" pagination="95 - 128" refId="ref183520" refString="Brain, C. K. (1920 a) The Coccidae of South Africa - IV. Bulletin of Entomological Research 10, 95 - 128." type="journal article" year="1920">Brain (1920a)</bibRefCitation>
originally placed this species in a new genus
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF2FF8B9FB89FD35BFB5E647" authorityName="Brain" authorityYear="1920" box="[1028,1174,765,788]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Baccacoccus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2FF8B9FB89FD35BFB5E647" box="[1028,1174,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Baccacoccus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
because his specimens lacked a wax test. However, as
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF2FF8B9FD85FCE8B9E3E664" author="De Lotto, G." box="[520,704,799,823]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" pagination="133 - 153" refId="ref184491" refString="De Lotto, G. (1971) On some genera and species of wax scales (Homoptera: Coccidae). Journal of Natural History 5, 133 - 153." type="journal article" year="1971">De Lotto (1971)</bibRefCitation>
pointed out when synonymising
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF2FF8B9FBB1FCE9BFEDE66B" authorityName="Brain" authorityYear="1920" box="[1084,1230,801,824]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Baccacoccus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2FF8B9FBB1FCE9BFEDE66B" box="[1084,1230,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Baccacoccus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF2FF8B9FA9DFCE8BEB6E66B" box="[1296,1429,800,824]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2FF8B9FA9DFCE8BEB6E66B" box="[1296,1429,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Ceroplastes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, very old wax scale insects frequently lose their wax.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF2FF8B9FF4AFCAFBF92E6F7" blockId="165.[151,1437,151,1004]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
Within this species group,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF2FF8B9FE77FCA0B9BEE6D3" box="[506,669,872,896]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elytropappi">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2FF8B9FE77FCA0B9BEE6D3" box="[506,669,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">C. elytropappi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF2FF8B9FCBAFCA0B893E6D3" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[823,944,872,896]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="delottoi">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2FF8B9FCBAFCA0B893E6D3" box="[823,944,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">C. delottoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having fewer than 20 stigmatic setae in each cleft, and from the other 2 species in lacking ventral tubular ducts in the cephalic region.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF2FF8B9FF4AFC78B83CE6BF" blockId="165.[151,1437,151,1004]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF2FF8B9FF4AFC78BA4BE69B" box="[199,360,944,968]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elytropappi">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2FF8B9FF4AFC78BA4BE69B" box="[199,360,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">C. elytropappi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is currently only known from the
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FF2FF8B9FD63FC67B804E694" box="[750,807,943,967]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Cape</collectingRegion>
area of
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF2FF8B9FC08FC67BF35E694" box="[901,1046,943,967]" name="South Africa" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">South Africa</collectingCountry>
on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF2FF8B9FBCFFC78BEBBE694" box="[1090,1432,943,968]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Elytropappus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2FF8B9FBCFFC78BFFBE69B" box="[1090,1240,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Elytropappus</emphasis>
sp. (Asteraceae)
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF2FF8B9FF1AFC1DBAA1E6BF" box="[151,386,980,1004]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Erica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2FF8B9FF1AFC1DBBF6E6BF" box="[151,213,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Erica</emphasis>
sp. (Ericaceae)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF2FF8B9FE34FC1DB838E6BF" box="[441,795,980,1004]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thymelaeaceae" genus="Passerina" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2FF8B9FE34FC1DB90AE6BF" box="[441,553,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Passerina</emphasis>
sp. (Thymelaeaceae)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2BF8BDFF1AFF5FBAA0E5E2" bold="true" box="[151,387,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="161" pageNumber="162">Ceroplastes delottoi</emphasis>
Hodgson &amp; Peronti
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,
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<paragraph id="B3003682FF2BF8BDFF1AFF72BABAE581" blockId="161.[151,771,151,210]" box="[151,409,186,210]" pageId="161" pageNumber="162">
(
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; Map fig. 105)
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Material examined:
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<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFF2BF8BDFE72FF34B937E440" box="[511,532,252,275]" pageId="161" pageNumber="162" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
:
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<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF2BF8BDFDA9FF33B95AE447" box="[548,633,251,276]" name="Angola" pageId="161" pageNumber="162">Angola</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
, Nova Lisboa, on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF2BF8BDFCC7FF35B8E2E440" box="[842,961,252,276]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Persea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="161" pageNumber="162" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2BF8BDFCC7FF35B8BBE447" box="[842,920,253,276]" italics="true" pageId="161" pageNumber="162">Persea</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7011042FF2BF8BDFC43FF34BF75E447" box="[974,1110,252,276]" pageId="161" pageNumber="162" value="1965-08-11">11.viii.1965</date>
, H. Cardosa (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FF2BF8BDFB7DFF34BE62E447" box="[1264,1345,252,276]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" name="Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute" pageId="161" pageNumber="162" type="Museum">SANC</collectionCode>
): 1/1adf (good – as
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF2BF8BDFE9FFEE8BA48E464" box="[274,363,288,312]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="161" pageNumber="162" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rusci">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2BF8BDFE9FFEE8BA48E464" box="[274,363,288,312]" italics="true" pageId="161" pageNumber="162">C. rusci</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)
</paragraph>
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<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2BF8BDFF4AFE8CBAE4E408" box="[199,455,323,348]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="161" pageNumber="162" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2BF8BDFF4AFE8CBAE3E40F" bold="true" box="[199,448,323,348]" pageId="161" pageNumber="162">Unmounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF2BF8BDFF4AFEA0BBD7E494" blockId="161.[151,1436,251,1860]" pageId="161" pageNumber="162">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2BF8BDFF4AFEA0BA8BE42C" box="[199,424,359,384]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="161" pageNumber="162" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2BF8BDFF4AFEA0BA82E4D3" bold="true" box="[199,417,359,384]" pageId="161" pageNumber="162">Mounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Body roundly oval and probably convex, with distinct but shallow stigmatic clefts; dorsum with distinct tubercles. Caudal process broad and stout. Length
<quantity id="74479B67FF2BF8BDFC13FE44BF26E4F0" box="[926,1029,396,420]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" pageId="161" pageNumber="162" unit="mm" value="2.25">2.25 mm</quantity>
; width of venter
<quantity id="74479B67FF2BF8BDFB4CFE44BE3AE4F0" box="[1217,1305,396,420]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="161" pageNumber="162" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
, total width
<quantity id="74479B67FF2BF8BDFF1AFE67BBD3E494" box="[151,240,431,455]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="161" pageNumber="162" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF2BF8BDFF4AFE1CB98CE67C" blockId="161.[151,1436,251,1860]" pageId="161" pageNumber="162">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2BF8BDFF4AFE1CBA0DE4B8" box="[199,302,468,492]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="161" pageNumber="162" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2BF8BDFF4AFE1CBA04E4BF" bold="true" box="[199,295,468,492]" pageId="161" pageNumber="162">Dorsum</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm membranous except for heavily sclerotised caudal process. Caudal process about 430 µm wide, apparently extending somewhat posteriorly. Derm with 8 clear areas, each with a few simple microducts but perhaps no dorsal setae. Dorsal setae each mainly bluntly spinose and almost cylindrical but a few more pointed; length subequal to or shorter than width of basal-socket, length 2.5–5.0 µm; basal socket width 4–5 µm; scarce. Dorsal pores: (i) loculate microducts of intermediate
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF2BF8BDFD62FDACB801E72F" box="[751,802,612,636]" pageId="161" pageNumber="162">type</typeStatus>
, each with mainly 1 satellite loculus, those with 2 satellite loculi mainly restricted to wax-plate lines; each 5–6 µm widest, abundant throughout but absent from all clear areas; wax-plate lines present but only clear anteriorly and posteriorly on available specimen; (ii) simple microducts apparently restricted to clear areas. Preopercular pores not clear, but perhaps with about 8–10 pores. Anal plates twisted and unclear but opening within caudal process about 108 µm long and 105 µm wide. Anal tube longer than anal plate opening, about 150 µm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF2BF8BDFF4AFCF3B92CE11C" blockId="161.[151,1436,251,1860]" pageId="161" pageNumber="162">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2BF8BDFF4AFCF3BA0BE600" box="[199,296,827,852]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="161" pageNumber="162" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2BF8BDFF4AFCF3BA02E607" bold="true" box="[199,289,827,852]" pageId="161" pageNumber="162">Margin</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Marginal setae strongly setose, each about 13–20 µm long; with 10 between eyespots anteriorly, and, on each side, 5–8 between eyespots and anterior stigmatic setae, 8 or 9 setae between stigmatic clefts, and 23–25 along each margin of abdomen; each anal lobe with 4 long setae, longest about 70 µm long. Stigmatic clefts shallow but fairly distinct, each with a broadly triangular group of 30–35 elongate, roundly pointed, conical stigmatic setae; each group much wider than long, with 18 or 19 marginal and 12–17 non-marginal stigmatic setae; each group about 3 setae deep; most stigmatic setae about 8 µm long and 5 µm wide but each group generally with a noticeably larger seta towards dorsal apex, each about 13 µm long and 8 µm wide at base; basal sockets quite deep. Eyespots each about 35 µm wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF2BF8BDFF4AFB94B840E0C7" blockId="161.[151,1436,251,1860]" pageId="161" pageNumber="162">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2BF8BDFF4AFB94BA3FE120" box="[199,284,1116,1140]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="161" pageNumber="162" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2BF8BDFF4AFB94BA36E127" bold="true" box="[199,277,1116,1140]" pageId="161" pageNumber="162">Venter</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm entirely membranous. Pregenital disc-pores abundant around genital opening (segment VII) and across preceding segment; segment V with 6 pores medially + 2 submedially on each side; segments II–IV each with 7 pores medially; metathorax with 3 pores medially plus 3 pores on each side between meso- and metacoxae. Spiracular disc-pores rather small, each probably with mainly 5 loculi; present in bands of 60–90 pores, each band rather narrow near spiracles but broadening near margin; with none extending medially. Ventral microducts in a broad submarginal band but absent medially on meso- and metathorax and all abdominal segments. Ventral tubular ducts present in a group of
<quantity id="74479B67FF2BF8BDFDDCFAFCB9A8E01F" box="[593,651,1332,1356]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.334" pageId="161" pageNumber="162" unit="in" value="21.0">21 in</quantity>
cephalic area and associated with anogenital fold as follows: about 6 on each side of segment V + 1 medially, and 1 laterally on segments III and IV plus 1 medially on IV. Submarginal setae perhaps as frequent as marginal setae, each 8–13 µm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF2BF8BDFF4AFA57BA03E314" blockId="161.[151,1436,251,1860]" pageId="161" pageNumber="162">Antennae each with 6 segments, but with a few faint pseudo-articulations in 3rd segment; total length 275 µm. Clypeolabral shield about 135 µm long. Spiracles: width of peritremes 45–50 µm. Legs well developed; tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis large; each claw without a denticle; claw digitules both broad and shorter than tarsal digitules; dimensions of metathoracic legs (µm): coxa 145; trochanter + femur 160–170; tibia 108; tarsus 72–75, and claw 20–22.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF2BF8BFFF4AF99BBF88E46C" lastPageId="163" lastPageNumber="164" pageId="161" pageNumber="162" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF2BF8BDFF4AF99BBFFEE217" blockId="161.[151,1436,251,1860]" pageId="161" pageNumber="162">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2BF8BDFF4AF99BBA6FE338" box="[199,332,1619,1644]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="161" pageNumber="162" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2BF8BDFF4AF99BBA66E33F" bold="true" box="[199,325,1619,1644]" pageId="161" pageNumber="162">Discussion</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Despite having just the
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFF2BF8BDFDEEF99CB9C6E33F" box="[611,741,1620,1644]" pageId="161" pageNumber="162" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
, this species appears to be obviously different from other species from Africa. In having stigmatic setae that extend out of each cleft along the margin,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF2BF8BDFB05F9B0BFDDE3C3" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[1160,1278,1656,1680]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="161" pageNumber="162" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="delottoi">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2BF8BDFB05F9B0BFDDE3C3" box="[1160,1278,1656,1680]" italics="true" pageId="161" pageNumber="162">C. delottoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
would appear to belong to the
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF2BF8BDFEC3F954BA84E3E7" box="[334,423,1692,1716]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="161" pageNumber="162" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rusci">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2BF8BDFEC3F954BA84E3E7" box="[334,423,1692,1716]" italics="true" pageId="161" pageNumber="162">C. rusci</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-group. However, the loculate microducts are not of the rusci-type. It seems to be closest to the
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF2BF8BDFF52F908BA97E38B" box="[223,436,1728,1752]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="161" pageNumber="162" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tachardiaformis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2BF8BDFF52F908BA97E38B" box="[223,436,1728,1752]" italics="true" pageId="161" pageNumber="162">C. tachardiaformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-group, which also has loculate microducts of the intermediate
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF2BF8BDFB0DF977BFC0E384" box="[1152,1251,1727,1751]" form="but" pageId="161" pageNumber="162" rank="form">form but</taxonomicName>
differs from the others in the
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF2BF8BDFEAAF92CBAD9E3AF" box="[295,506,1764,1788]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="161" pageNumber="162" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tachardiaformis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2BF8BDFEAAF92CBAD9E3AF" box="[295,506,1764,1788]" italics="true" pageId="161" pageNumber="162">C. tachardiaformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-group in having many more stigmatic setae. The main diagnostic characters of this species are: (i) the presence of multilocular disc-pores between the meso- and metacoxae, (ii) the wide gap between each stigmatic cleft without stigmatic setae, and (iii) loculate microducts of the intermediate
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF2BF8BDFB2BF8E4BFF9E217" box="[1190,1242,1836,1860]" pageId="161" pageNumber="162">type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E7C0660AFF28F8BEFF1AF8A1BFE4E2A7" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" startId="162.[151,244,1897,1918]" targetBox="[196,1410,152,1878]" targetPageId="162">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF28F8BEFF1AF8A1BFE4E2A7" blockId="162.[151,1436,1897,2036]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF28F8BEFF1AF8A1BA38E22D" bold="true" box="[151,283,1897,1918]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">FIGURE 73.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF28F8BEFEAEF8A2B975E22C" authority="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[291,598,1898,1919]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="delottoi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF28F8BEFEAEF8A2BAA8E22C" box="[291,395,1898,1919]" italics="true" pageId="162" pageNumber="163">C. delottoi</emphasis>
Hodgson &amp; Peronti
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AF857EBFF28F8BEFDEFF8A2B9E7E22C" box="[610,708,1898,1919]" pageId="162" pageNumber="163" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Holotype. For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes: (i) dorsal loculate microducts of intermediate-type; (ii) dorsal setae short; (iii) each group of stigmatic setae broadly triangular and extending a short distance out of cleft along margin; (iv) each stigmatic seta blunt; (v) spiracular disc-pore bands narrow; (vi) multilocular disc-pores present on all abdominal segments and also between each metacoxa and posterior spiracle; (vii) ventral tubular ducts present both anteriorly and posteriorly; (viii) legs with a tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis, and (ix) claw digitules both broad.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF29F8BFFF6BFF5FBBCCE587" blockId="163.[151,1436,151,320]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">
At the present time,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF29F8BFFE5FFF50B969E5E3" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[466,586,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="delottoi">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF29F8BFFE5FFF50B969E5E3" box="[466,586,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">C. delottoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is only known from the original collection in
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF29F8BFFBD3FF5FBF92E5FC" box="[1118,1201,151,175]" name="Angola" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">Angola</collectingCountry>
on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF29F8BFFB53FF51BBC8E587" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Persea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF29F8BFFB53FF51BE0FE5E3" box="[1246,1324,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">Persea</emphasis>
sp. (Lauraceae)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF29F8BFFF4AFF28BF88E46C" blockId="163.[151,1436,151,320]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF29F8BFFF4AFF28BAB6E5A4" box="[199,405,223,248]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF29F8BFFF4AFF28BAADE5AB" bold="true" box="[199,398,223,248]" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">Name derivation</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
This species of
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF29F8BFFDC2FF28B9F7E5AB" box="[591,724,224,248]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="163" pageNumber="164" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF29F8BFFDC2FF28B9F7E5AB" box="[591,724,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">Ceroplastes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is named in honour of the late Giovanni De Lotto (1912–1990), who worked for many years on this group, first in
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF29F8BFFD5EFECCB801E44F" box="[723,802,260,284]" name="Eritrea" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">Eritrea</collectingCountry>
, then in
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF29F8BFFC09FECCB8EEE44F" box="[900,973,260,284]" name="Kenya" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">Kenya</collectingCountry>
and finally in
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF29F8BFFBFEFECCBE24E44F" box="[1139,1287,260,284]" name="South Africa" pageId="163" pageNumber="164">South Africa</collectingCountry>
. During that time he made substantial contributions towards clarifying the taxonomy of the
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF29F8BFFB84FEEFBF84E46C" box="[1033,1191,295,319]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="163" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Ceroplastinae">Ceroplastinae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<paragraph id="B3003682FF2FF8B9FF1AFBF7B913E10A" blockId="165.[151,560,1087,1146]" box="[151,560,1087,1113]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
<heading id="E84881EEFF2FF8B9FF1AFBF7B913E10A" bold="true" box="[151,560,1087,1113]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF2FF8B9FF1AFBF7B913E10A" ID-CoL="T44F" authority="De Lotto" authorityName="De Lotto" box="[151,560,1087,1113]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paucispinus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2FF8B9FF1AFBF7B913E10A" bold="true" box="[151,560,1087,1113]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2FF8B9FF1AFBF7BA98E10A" bold="true" box="[151,443,1087,1113]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Ceroplastes paucispinus</emphasis>
De Lotto
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B3003682FF2FF8B9FF1AFBAABABAE129" blockId="165.[151,560,1087,1146]" box="[151,409,1122,1146]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
(
<figureCitation id="2B842A07FF2FF8B9FF12FBAABBD0E129" box="[159,243,1122,1146]" captionStart="FIGURE 75" captionStartId="165.[150,243,1862,1883]" captionText="FIGURE 75. C. paucispinus De Lotto. Paratype. For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes: (i) dorsal loculate microducts of intermediate-type; (ii) dorsal setae variable but mostly longer than width of basal socket; (iii) each cleft with very few stigmatic setae, restricted to cleft; (iv) each stigmatic seta bullet-shaped; (v) spiracular disc-pore bands narrow; (vi) multilocular disc-pores mainly restricted to posterior abdominal segments but occasionally present as far forward as metathorax; (vii) ventral tubular ducts present anteriorly but absent posteriorly; (viii) legs with a tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis, and (ix) claw digitules both broad." pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Fig. 75</figureCitation>
; Map fig. 105)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF2FF8B9FF1AFB6CB94AE1EA" box="[151,617,1187,1210]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF2FF8B9FF1AFB6CB94AE1EA" blockId="165.[151,617,1187,1210]" box="[151,617,1187,1210]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFF2FF8B9FF1AFB6CB94AE1EA" box="[151,617,1187,1210]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FF2FF8B9FF1AFB6CB946E1EA" author="De Lotto, G." box="[151,613,1187,1210]" page="143" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" year="1970">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF2FF8B9FF1AFB6CB946E1EA" ID-CoL="T44F" authority="De Lotto, 1970: 143" authorityName="De Lotto" authorityPageNumber="143" authorityYear="1970" box="[151,613,1187,1210]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paucispinus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2FF8B9FF1AFB6CBAADE1EA" box="[151,398,1188,1210]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Ceroplastes paucispinus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF2FF8B9FE19FB6CB946E1EA" author="De Lotto, G." box="[404,613,1187,1209]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" pagination="143 - 156" refId="ref184455" refString="De Lotto, G. (1970) The soft scales (Homoptera: Coccidae) of South Africa, II. Journal of the Entomological Society of southern Africa 33, 143 - 156." type="journal article" year="1970">De Lotto, 1970: 143</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF2FF8BBFF1AFB2EB980E123" lastPageId="167" lastPageNumber="168" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF2FF8B9FF1AFB2EB9AEE071" blockId="165.[151,1436,1254,1711]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2FF8B9FF1AFB2EBAA6E1AC" bold="true" box="[151,389,1254,1279]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Material examined:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFF2FF8B9FE1EFB2FB9AAE071" collectingDate="1968-08-28" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="J. Munting" country="South Africa" location="Nossob Camp" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Northern Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2FF8B9FE1EFB2FB99BE1AC" bold="true" box="[403,696,1254,1279]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF2FF8B9FE1EFB2FB921E1AC" box="[403,514,1255,1279]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
:
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF2FF8B9FD9BFB2EB99BE1AC" box="[534,696,1254,1279]" name="South Africa" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">South Africa</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
,
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FF2FF8B9FD40FB2EB8CAE1AD" box="[717,1001,1254,1278]" country="South Africa" name="Northern Cape" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Northern Cape Province</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="B6606059FF2FF8B9FC71FB2EBF82E1AD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FF2FF8BBFF1AFBF7BA63E03B:B6606059FF2FF8B9FC71FB2EBF82E1AD" box="[1020,1185,1254,1278]" country="South Africa" name="Nossob Camp" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" stateProvince="Northern Cape">Nossob Camp</location>
,
<collectedFrom id="00A3757FFF2FF8B9FB39FB2FBEB6E1AD" box="[1204,1429,1254,1278]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF2FF8B9FB52FB2EBEB6E1AD" box="[1247,1429,1254,1278]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="giraffae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2FF8B9FB52FB2EBEB6E1AD" box="[1247,1429,1254,1278]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Acacia giraffae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
,
<date id="C7011042FF2FF8B9FF1AFAC2BA3EE071" box="[151,285,1290,1314]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" value="1968-08-28">
<collectingDate id="D745E9AAFF2FF8B9FF1AFAC2BA3EE071" box="[151,285,1290,1314]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" value="1968-08-28">28.viii.1968</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FF2FF8B9FEAAFAC3BABEE071" box="[295,413,1290,1314]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">J. Munting</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FF2FF8B9FE21FAC2B921E071" box="[428,514,1290,1314]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
): 1/1 (good)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF2FF8B9FF4AFAE7B83BE015" blockId="165.[151,1436,1254,1711]" box="[199,792,1326,1351]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2FF8B9FF4AFAE7BBDDE014" bold="true" box="[199,254,1327,1351]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Note</emphasis>
. Data in brackets [..] taken from
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF2FF8B9FDE1FAE7B837E015" author="De Lotto, G." box="[620,788,1326,1350]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" pagination="143 - 156" refId="ref184455" refString="De Lotto, G. (1970) The soft scales (Homoptera: Coccidae) of South Africa, II. Journal of the Entomological Society of southern Africa 33, 143 - 156." type="journal article" year="1970">De Lotto, 1970</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF2FF8B9FF4AFA9BBA40E085" blockId="165.[151,1436,1254,1711]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2FF8B9FF4AFA9BBAE8E039" box="[199,459,1362,1387]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2FF8B9FF4AFA9BBAE6E038" bold="true" box="[199,453,1362,1387]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Unmounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
“Living young adult females slightly to fairly strongly convex; wax test obscurely divided into plates, 3 bilateral, 1 cephalic and 1 dorsal, at the centre of each of which there is a small opaque white boss; dorsal submarginal depression shallow; wax rather soft in texture; general colouration dark brown.” (
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF2FF8B9FAF7FA52BA75E085" author="De Lotto, G." pageId="165" pageNumber="166" pagination="143 - 156" refId="ref184455" refString="De Lotto, G. (1970) The soft scales (Homoptera: Coccidae) of South Africa, II. Journal of the Entomological Society of southern Africa 33, 143 - 156." type="journal article" year="1970">De Lotto, 1970: 143</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF2FF8B9FF4AFA2BBF64E34D" blockId="165.[151,1436,1254,1711]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2FF8B9FF4AFA2BBA80E0A9" box="[199,419,1506,1531]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2FF8B9FF4AFA2BBABFE0A8" bold="true" box="[199,412,1506,1531]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Mounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Body oval; lateral processes poorly developed; caudal process short and conical, heavily sclerotised. Body length
<quantity id="74479B67FF2FF8B9FE22F9CEB936E34D" box="[431,533,1542,1566]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.38" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" unit="mm" value="2.38">2.38 mm</quantity>
, width on slide
<quantity id="74479B67FF2FF8B9FD48F9CEB83DE34D" box="[709,798,1542,1566]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
; width of venter
<quantity id="74479B67FF2FF8B9FC51F9CEBF60E34D" box="[988,1091,1542,1566]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.38" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" unit="mm" value="1.38">1.38 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF2FF8BBFF4AF9E3BA43E498" blockId="165.[151,1436,1254,1711]" lastBlockId="167.[151,1437,151,1384]" lastPageId="167" lastPageNumber="168" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2FF8B9FF4AF9E3BA0FE311" box="[199,300,1579,1603]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2FF8B9FF4AF9E3BA06E310" bold="true" box="[199,293,1579,1603]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">Dorsum</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm entirely membranous, except for heavily sclerotised caudal process. Caudal process short, conical,
<quantity id="74479B67FF2FF8B9FF7AF986BA6EE335" box="[247,333,1614,1638]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="74479B67FF2FF8B9FE19F986BACAE335" box="[404,489,1614,1638]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
wide, with a many pores and setae. Derm with eight clear areas, distributed as usual, although those dorsad to posterior stigmatic clefts perhaps rather larger than others. Dorsal setae relatively large and spinose but variable in length, from subequal to width of basal socket to about twice width (length 5–11 µm; basal socket width 6–7 µm); with convergent sides, rather blunt when short but more pointed when long; frequent throughout and with occasional setae in clear areas. Dorsal pores perhaps of
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFF2DF8BBFC7EFF73BF1BE587" box="[1011,1080,187,212]" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" type="generic" typeStatus="type">1 type</specimenCount>
only: (i) loculate microducts of intermediate
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF2DF8BBFEA8FF17BA74E5A4" box="[293,343,223,247]" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">type</typeStatus>
, each about 4.0–6.5 µm wide with a large primary loculus and with mainly 2–4 satellite loculi; pores with 1 satellite loculus occasionally noted; present throughout but absent from all clear areas; wax plate lines clear; (ii) simple microducts not detected and considered to be absent. Preopercular pores not detected and considered to be absent [although possibly illustrated in De Lotto’s figure (1970, p.144)]. Anal plates each 150 [140–170] µm long, combined width about 125 [110–120] µm; each with 3 pairs of long dorsal setae on posterior third, each at least 40 µm long, plus a smaller subapical seta, length unknown. Anal tube subequal to length of anal plates. Anal ring setae each 185–200 µm long.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E7C0660AFF2FF8B9FF1BF88EBE25E288" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" startId="165.[150,243,1862,1883]">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF2FF8B9FF1BF88EBE25E288" blockId="165.[150,1436,1862,2011]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2FF8B9FF1BF88EBA38E208" bold="true" box="[150,283,1862,1883]" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">FIGURE 75.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF2FF8B9FEAAF88EB905E208" authority="De Lotto." authorityName="De Lotto." box="[295,550,1862,1883]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="165" pageNumber="166" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paucispinus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2FF8B9FEAAF88EBA9AE208" box="[295,441,1862,1883]" italics="true" pageId="165" pageNumber="166">C. paucispinus</emphasis>
De Lotto.
</taxonomicName>
Paratype. For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes: (i) dorsal loculate microducts of intermediate-type; (ii) dorsal setae variable but mostly longer than width of basal socket; (iii) each cleft with very few stigmatic setae, restricted to cleft; (iv) each stigmatic seta bullet-shaped; (v) spiracular disc-pore bands narrow; (vi) multilocular disc-pores mainly restricted to posterior abdominal segments but occasionally present as far forward as metathorax; (vii) ventral tubular ducts present anteriorly but absent posteriorly; (viii) legs with a tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis, and (ix) claw digitules both broad.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF2DF8BBFF4AFE1EB9AFE7F0" blockId="167.[151,1437,151,1384]" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2DF8BBFF4AFE1EBA06E4BC" box="[199,293,470,495]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2DF8BBFF4AFE1EBA3CE4BC" bold="true" box="[199,287,470,495]" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">Margin</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Marginal setae rather spinose, each 10–17 µm long, with about 14 between eyespots, and, on each side, 9 between eyespots and anterior stigmatic setae, 10–12 between stigmatic clefts and about 13–16 on each side of abdomen (although none on posterior 1/5
<superScript id="44CA9BCAFF2DF8BBFDD0FDD6B94AE77F" attach="left" box="[605,617,542,556]" fontSize="6" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">th</superScript>
on available specimen); with 3 anal lobe setae, longest about 40 µm long. Stigmatic clefts shallow, each with a group of 6 or 7 [4–8] conical stigmatic setae in 2 rows, each group generally with 3–5 setae along margin; largest generally most dorsal, each 18 µm long and 10 µm wide at base; smallest 8 µm long, 5 µm wide. Eyespots each about 35 µm wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF2DF8BBFF4AFD67BE7DE6C8" blockId="167.[151,1437,151,1384]" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2DF8BBFF4AFD67BA3FE795" box="[199,284,687,711]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2DF8BBFF4AFD67BA36E794" bold="true" box="[199,277,687,711]" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">Venter</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm entirely membranous. Pregenital disc-pores abundant around vulva and in segment VI, and with 1 or 2 submedially and 4 medially in V; plus 1 submedially in segments IV–II but absent medially; also with a single pore mesad to a metacoxa on metathorax. Spiracular disc-pores in fairly narrow bands, widest at either end; each band with 40–60 pores. Ventral microducts showing nothing distinctive. Ventral tubular ducts each with an unusually broad cup-shaped invagination; most inner ductules with a glandular end but variable; inner ductules sometimes slightly swollen basally; with about
<quantity id="74479B67FF2DF8BBFD37FCA8B9D5E62B" box="[698,758,864,888]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.382" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" unit="in" value="33.0">33 in</quantity>
cephalic region; absent elsewhere. Submarginal setae very similar to marginal setae but with a flagellate apex, each 15–20 µm long; about as frequent as marginal setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF2DF8BBFF4AFC6FB980E123" blockId="167.[151,1437,151,1384]" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">Antennae on available specimen 7 segmented but probably due to a pseudo-articulation in segment III; each antenna 325 (315–355) µm long. Clypeolabral shield about 165 µm long. Spiracles small, width of anterior peritremes 50 µm, posterior peritremes 58–60 µm. Legs well developed, each with a distinct tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis; each claw with a distinct denticle; claw digitules both broad; dimensions of metathoracic legs (µm): coxa 165; trochanter + femur 215 [210–240]; tibia 175; tarsus 95 [tibia + tarsus 250–295], and claw 30; tarsal digitules subequal to or a little longer than claw digitules.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF2DF8BBFF4AFBB3BA63E03B" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF2DF8BBFF4AFBB3BA21E072" blockId="167.[151,1437,151,1384]" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2DF8BBFF4AFBB3BA6FE1C0" box="[199,332,1147,1172]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2DF8BBFF4AFBB3BA66E1C7" bold="true" box="[199,325,1147,1172]" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">Discussion</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Within this species-group,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF2DF8BBFD09FBB4B808E1C0" box="[644,811,1148,1172]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paucispinus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2DF8BBFD09FBB4B808E1C0" box="[644,811,1148,1172]" italics="true" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">C. paucispinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF2DF8BBFC34FBB4BF08E1C7" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[953,1067,1148,1172]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="delottoi">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2DF8BBFC34FBB4BF08E1C7" box="[953,1067,1148,1172]" italics="true" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">C. delottoi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having fewer than 20 stigmatic setae in each cleft, and from the other 2 species as follows (character states for
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF2DF8BBFB02FB57BE1AE1E4" box="[1167,1337,1183,1207]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elytropappi">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2DF8BBFB02FB57BE1AE1E4" box="[1167,1337,1183,1207]" italics="true" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">C. elytropappi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF2DF8BBFA0FFB57BA68E188" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tachardiaformis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2DF8BBFA0FFB57BA68E188" italics="true" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">C. tachardiaformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in brackets): (i) presence of a well-developed tibio-tarsal articulation (absent), (ii) presence of tubular ducts in the cephalic region (absent in
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF2DF8BBFD4CFB2EB845E1AD" box="[705,870,1254,1278]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elytropappi">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2DF8BBFD4CFB2EB845E1AD" box="[705,870,1254,1278]" italics="true" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">C. elytropappi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and (iii) absence of tubular ducts in abdomen (present).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF2DF8BBFF4AFAE5BA63E03B" blockId="167.[151,1437,151,1384]" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF2DF8BBFF4AFAE5BA4EE016" box="[199,365,1325,1349]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="paucispinus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2DF8BBFF4AFAE5BA4EE016" box="[199,365,1325,1349]" italics="true" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">C. paucispinus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is currently only known from the original collection in
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FF2DF8BBFC51FAE5BFA1E016" box="[988,1154,1325,1349]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">Cape Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF2DF8BBFB00FAE5BE02E016" box="[1165,1313,1325,1349]" name="South Africa" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">South Africa</collectingCountry>
, on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF2DF8BBFAC3FAE5BA1FE03B" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="167" pageNumber="168" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF2DF8BBFAC3FAE5BEBFE016" box="[1358,1436,1325,1349]" italics="true" pageId="167" pageNumber="168">Acacia</emphasis>
sp. (Fabaceae)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

326
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<mods:name id="BAE3E8315CAB2FC06170216EAAE265C0" type="personal">
<mods:role id="03333307703D1E271B0724C9D37FF84D">
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="E58C7EE48318B5A8ECC41A6A32E750E2">Hodgson, Chris J.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="0A6B342147042B52BD4D94B1F87D58ED">Peronti, Ana L. B. G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="D95A557A07293948EC4F39F6CD6CD9AB">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="89483B8404F18F4BF14012E246232461">
<mods:date id="4AA683D8EC067214A558947E4A226EB7">2012</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="93396F8F800A40E38352FFBA89F5D654" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="1206908E9F0D549BE0D58D85CF89DCDB">2012-07-04</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="77D58C2AFF3CC53BA99336843D563141">3372</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="42631668CADAA558F92BC48F9CDAF5DB">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="E504BF0EFAECC74A1CA842A116052D4F">265</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
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<mods:identifier id="4C271686191B5C1599E58AEC878980E9" type="ISSN">1175­5334</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="3B168794FF33F8A0FF1AFE83BAECE60F" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5255446" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5255446" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FF33F8A0FF1AFE83BAECE60F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3B168794FF33F8A0FF1AFE83BAECE60F" lastPageId="188" lastPageNumber="189" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF33F8A5FF1AFE83BAE5E437" box="[151,454,330,357]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF33F8A5FF1AFE83BAE5E437" blockId="185.[151,455,330,390]" box="[151,454,330,357]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">
<heading id="E84881EEFF33F8A5FF1AFE83BAE5E437" bold="true" box="[151,454,330,357]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF33F8A5FF1AFE83BAE5E437" ID-CoL="T44Z" authority="Hall" authorityName="Hall" box="[151,454,330,357]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="royenae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF33F8A5FF1AFE83BAE5E437" bold="true" box="[151,454,330,357]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF33F8A5FF1AFE83BAA9E436" bold="true" box="[151,394,331,357]" italics="true" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">Ceroplastes royenae</emphasis>
Hall
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF33F8A5FF1AFEA6BAE4E4D5" box="[151,455,366,390]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" type="description">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF33F8A5FF1AFEA6BAE4E4D5" blockId="185.[151,455,330,390]" box="[151,455,366,390]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">
(
<figureCitation id="2B842A07FF33F8A5FF12FEA6BBD5E4D5" box="[159,246,366,390]" captionStart="FIGURE 84" captionStartId="186.[151,244,1899,1920]" captionTargetBox="[151,1412,158,1892]" captionTargetId="figure-115@186.[151,1436,97,1918]" captionTargetPageId="186" captionText="FIGURE 84. C. royenae Hall. Type series. For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes: (i) dorsal loculate microducts of rusci-type; (ii) dorsal setae clearly longer than width of basal socket, present sparsely in all clear areas; (iii) stigmatic setae in a small compact group, each group longer than wide; (iv) most stigmatic setae with a blunt apex; (v) multilocular disc-pores present on all abdominal segments; (vi) ventral tubular ducts absent anteriorly but a few present posteriorly; (vii) legs with or without a small tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis, and (viii) claw digitules both broad." pageId="185" pageNumber="186">Figs 84</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2B842A07FF33F8A5FE8FFEA6BA02E4D5" box="[258,289,366,390]" captionStart="FIGURE 85" captionStartId="187.[151,244,1944,1965]" captionTargetBox="[154,1432,189,1907]" captionTargetId="figure-45@187.[149,1434,117,1924]" captionTargetPageId="187" captionText="FIGURE 85. C. royenae Hall. South Africa, no other data but labelled C. coniformis? (BMNH). For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes as for FIGURE. 84." pageId="185" pageNumber="186">85</figureCitation>
; Map fig. 105)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF33F8A5FF1AFE7EB958E75A" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF33F8A5FF1AFE7EB9F4E498" blockId="185.[151,780,437,521]" box="[151,727,437,460]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFF33F8A5FF1AFE7EB9F4E498" box="[151,727,437,460]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FF33F8A5FF1AFE7EB9F0E498" author="Hall, W. J." box="[151,723,437,460]" page="297" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" year="1931">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF33F8A5FF1AFE7EB9F0E498" ID-CoL="T44Z" authority="Hall, 1931: 297" authorityName="Hall" authorityPageNumber="297" authorityYear="1931" box="[151,723,437,460]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="quadrilineatus" variety="royenae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF33F8A5FF1AFE7EBA8AE49F" box="[151,425,438,460]" italics="true" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">Ceroplastes quadrilineatus</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF33F8A5FE56FE7EB90FE498" box="[475,556,438,459]" italics="true" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">royenae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF33F8A5FDBFFE7DB9F0E498" author="Hall, W. J." box="[562,723,437,459]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" pagination="285 - 303" refId="ref185738" refString="Hall, W. J. (1931) Observations on the Coccidae of southern Rhodesia. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 79, 285 - 303." type="journal article" year="1931">Hall, 1931: 297</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF33F8A5FF1AFE1CB82FE4B9" blockId="185.[151,780,437,521]" box="[151,780,468,490]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFF33F8A5FF1AFE1CB82FE4B9" box="[151,780,468,490]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF33F8A5FF1AFE1CB90DE4B9" ID-CoL="3FBYR" authority="(Hall)" baseAuthorityName="Hall" box="[151,558,468,490]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Gascardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="quadrilineata" subSpecies="royenae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF33F8A5FF1AFE1CBACBE4B9" box="[151,488,468,490]" italics="true" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">Gascardia quadrilineata royenae</emphasis>
(Hall)
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FF33F8A5FDB5FE1DB82AE4B9" author="De Lotto, G." box="[568,777,468,490]" page="182" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" year="1965">
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF33F8A5FDB5FE1DB82AE4B9" author="De Lotto, G." box="[568,777,468,490]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" pagination="174 - 239" refId="ref184199" refString="De Lotto, G. (1965) On some Coccidae (Homoptera), chiefly from Africa. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology, London 16, 174 - 239." type="journal article" year="1965">De Lotto, 1965: 182</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF33F8A5FF1AFE3BB958E75A" blockId="185.[151,780,437,521]" box="[151,635,499,521]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFF33F8A5FF1AFE3BB958E75A" box="[151,635,499,521]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF33F8A5FF1AFE3BBABEE75A" ID-CoL="3FBYR" authority="(Hall)" baseAuthorityName="Hall" box="[151,413,499,521]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Gascardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="royenae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF33F8A5FF1AFE3BBA7BE75A" box="[151,344,499,521]" italics="true" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">Gascardia royenae</emphasis>
(Hall)
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FF33F8A5FE25FE3BB954E75A" author="Hodgson, C. J." box="[424,631,499,521]" page="34" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" year="1969">
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF33F8A5FE25FE3BB954E75A" author="Hodgson, C. J." box="[424,631,499,521]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" pagination="1 - 43" refId="ref185928" refString="Hodgson, C. J. (1969 a) Notes on Rhodesian Coccidae (Homoptera: Coccidea). Part. II: The genera Ceroplastes and Gascardia. Arnoldia (Rhodesia) 4, 1 - 43." type="journal article" year="1969">Hodgson, 1969a: 34</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF33F8A0FF1AFDFDBACFE4A7" lastPageId="188" lastPageNumber="189" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF33F8A5FF1AFDFDBF19E7C5" blockId="185.[151,1436,565,2030]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF33F8A5FF1AFDFDB921E71D" bold="true" box="[151,514,565,590]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">
Material examined:
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF33F8A5FE01FDFEB921E71D" box="[396,514,566,590]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFF33F8A5FD81FDFEB902E71E" box="[524,545,566,589]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF33F8A5FDA5FDFDB854E71D" bold="true" box="[552,887,565,590]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">
(here designated):
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF33F8A5FC85FDFDB854E71D" box="[776,887,565,590]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">Rhodesia</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
[now Zimbabwe], (scratched on glass slide): on upper half:
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF33F8A5FE91FD91BABCE722" box="[284,415,601,625]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ceroplastes</taxonomicName>
/ quadrilineatus /
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF33F8A5FDFFFD92B815E722" authority="Hall" authorityName="Hall" box="[626,822,601,626]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Gascardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="quadrilineata" variety="royenae">var. royenae Hall</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF33F8A5FCDCFD92B884E721" box="[849,935,602,626]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ebenaceae" genus="Royena" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Royena</taxonomicName>
/ pallens / Macheke / WJH 11/0/27; lower half: Cotype
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFF33F8A5FEA4FDB6BA1DE7C6" box="[297,318,638,661]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
/ 15.iii.30 (3) WJHall (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FF33F8A5FDC6FDB6B985E7C5" box="[587,678,638,662]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/2 (fair,
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF33F8A5FCAAFDB6B8AEE7C5" box="[807,909,638,662]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
top specimen).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF33F8A5FF4AFD6ABEA1E7EA" blockId="185.[151,1436,565,2030]" box="[199,1410,673,698]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF33F8A5FF4AFD6ABA4FE7E9" bold="true" box="[199,364,674,698]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF33F8A5FF4AFD6ABA4FE7E9" box="[199,364,674,698]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFF33F8A5FEFEFD6ABAABE7EA" box="[371,392,674,697]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
: remaining specimen on
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF33F8A5FD34FD69B83CE7EA" box="[697,799,673,697]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
slide, plus: as for
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFF33F8A5FC60FD6ABE5DE7EA" box="[1005,1406,673,698]" collectionCode="BMNH" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF33F8A5FC60FD6ABF7EE7E9" box="[1005,1117,674,698]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
(
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FF33F8A5FBE1FD69BFE4E7EA" box="[1132,1223,673,697]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 2/4 (fair-poor)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF33F8A5FF4AFD0DBEA2E652" blockId="185.[151,1436,565,2030]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF33F8A5FF4AFD0DBA26E78D" bold="true" box="[199,261,709,734]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">Also:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFF33F8A5FE9DFD0DBA1AE652" collectingDate="1967-03-05" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="C. J. Hodgson" country="Zimbabwe" location="Hatfield" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF33F8A5FE9DFD0DBAB3E78D" bold="true" box="[272,400,709,734]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF33F8A5FE9DFD0DBAB3E78D" box="[272,400,709,734]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
,
<location id="B6606059FF33F8A5FE2FFD0EB922E78D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FF33F8A0FF1AFE83BAECE60F:B6606059FF33F8A5FE2FFD0EB922E78D" box="[418,513,710,734]" country="Zimbabwe" name="Hatfield" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">Hatfield</location>
,
<collectedFrom id="00A3757FFF33F8A5FD9DFD0EB8E4E78D" box="[528,967,710,734]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">
on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF33F8A5FDB5FD0EB8E4E78D" box="[568,967,710,734]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Pseudolachnostylis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="maprouneifolia">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF33F8A5FDB5FD0EB8E4E78D" box="[568,967,710,734]" italics="true" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">Pseudolachnostylis maprouneifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
,
<date id="C7011042FF33F8A5FC54FD0EBF64E78D" box="[985,1095,710,734]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" value="1967-03-05">
<collectingDate id="D745E9AAFF33F8A5FC54FD0EBF64E78D" box="[985,1095,710,734]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" value="1967-03-05">5.iii.1967</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FF33F8A5FBDAFD0EBFD0E78D" box="[1111,1267,710,734]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">C.J. Hodgson</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FF33F8A5FA8BFD0EBE42E78D" box="[1286,1377,710,734]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 4/4 (mainly good)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFF33F8A5FEC6FD21BE5EE652" box="[331,1405,745,770]" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="J. Nunn" country="South Africa" location="South Africa" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" specimenCode="BMNH 22" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF33F8A5FEC6FD21BAC8E651" bold="true" box="[331,491,745,770]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF33F8A5FEC6FD21BAC5E651" box="[331,486,745,770]" name="South Africa" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">South Africa</collectingCountry>
,
</emphasis>
labelled
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF33F8A5FDDFFD22B9DAE651" box="[594,761,746,770]" italics="true" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">
C.?
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF33F8A5FDF0FD22B9DAE651" authorityName="Newstead" authorityYear="1913" box="[637,761,746,770]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coniformis">coniformis</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
, no site, host or date,
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FF33F8A5FC62FD22BF65E652" box="[1007,1094,746,769]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">J. Nunn</collectorName>
(
<specimenCode id="E3199EF9FF33F8A5FBD8FD21BFECE652" box="[1109,1231,745,769]" collectionCode="BMNH" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">BMNH 22</specimenCode>
/78): 2/5 (poor)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF33F8A5FF4AFCC6BA80E61A" blockId="185.[151,1436,565,2030]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF33F8A5FF4AFCC6BBDCE675" bold="true" box="[199,255,782,806]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">Note</emphasis>
. The following description is taken from both lots of Zimbabwean material. Data for South African material in (..) brackets.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF33F8A5FF4AFC9EBE4AE172" blockId="185.[151,1436,565,2030]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF33F8A5FF4AFC9EBAE9E63E" box="[199,458,853,878]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF33F8A5FF4AFC9EBAE0E63D" bold="true" box="[199,451,853,878]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">Unmounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
&quot;In general appearance, the tests of the adult female are identical with those of [
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF33F8A5FAF4FC9EBEB0E63D" box="[1401,1427,854,878]" italics="true" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">C.</emphasis>
]
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF33F8A5FF1AFCB2BA19E6C1" box="[151,314,890,914]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrilineatus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF33F8A5FF1AFCB2BA19E6C1" box="[151,314,890,914]" italics="true" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">quadrilineatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as shown in the photograph accompanying Newstead's original description. Closer examination of Rhodesian material, however, shows that the large pyriform bodies described by Newstead are wanting.&quot; (
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF33F8A5FAEEFC56BA28E68A" author="Hall, W. J." pageId="185" pageNumber="186" pagination="285 - 303" refId="ref185738" refString="Hall, W. J. (1931) Observations on the Coccidae of southern Rhodesia. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 79, 285 - 303." type="journal article" year="1931">Hall, 1931: 297</bibRefCitation>
). The test also differs in that &quot;the colour is very dark grey to dull black relieved only by the conspicuous white stigmatic bands; the wax beneath the surface is very little paler but more transparent — certainly not white; the test is extremely hard, and the adult female as seen from the ventral aspect is brick red.&quot; (
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF33F8A5FB25FBC1BE7FE172" author="Hall, W. J." box="[1192,1372,1033,1057]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" pagination="285 - 303" refId="ref185738" refString="Hall, W. J. (1931) Observations on the Coccidae of southern Rhodesia. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 79, 285 - 303." type="journal article" year="1931">Hall, 1931: 297</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF33F8A5FF4AFBE6B88AE1DE" blockId="185.[151,1436,565,2030]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF33F8A5FF4AFBE6BA84E116" box="[199,423,1069,1094]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF33F8A5FF4AFBE6BA83E115" bold="true" box="[199,416,1069,1094]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">Mounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Body probably rather roundly oval and convex, with distinct, quite deep, stigmatic clefts; dorsum with distinct but fairly small, lateral tubercles. Caudal process shallowly conical, set on posterior end of dorsum. Length 2–4 (3.3–4.0) mm, total width 1.7–3.0 (2.5–4.0) mm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF33F8A5FF4AFB52BF72E34A" blockId="185.[151,1436,565,2030]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF33F8A5FF4AFB52BA0DE1E2" box="[199,302,1178,1202]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF33F8A5FF4AFB52BA04E1E1" bold="true" box="[199,295,1178,1202]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">Dorsum</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm membranous but becoming lightly sclerotised on older individuals; caudal process heavily sclerotised (poorly sclerotised), about 0.5–1.1 (0.87–1.05) mm long and 0.6–1.15 (0.95–1.13) mm wide. Derm apparently with 8 clear areas, each with several dorsal setae. Dorsal setae sharply spinose, about 1.5–2x longer than width of basal socket, length 6.5–8.0 (5–7) µm; basal socket width 4–5 (4.5–5.0) µm; rather abundant throughout, including all clear areas. Dorsal pores: (i) loculate microducts of rusci-type most abundant, each about 6.5 µm wide; those with 2 loculi few and most abundant in wax-plate lines, which are reasonably clear; pores with 3 satellite loculi not noted; and (ii) simple microducts probably restricted to clear areas, where sparse. Preopercular pores present in a more or less single transverse line of 13–18 (few–12). Anal plates together rather round; length of plates 155–170 (165–175) µm, width of both plates combined 165–185 (single plate 82–88) µm; each with 3 (4) longish dorsal setae, each 40–60 (45) µm long, apical seta about 25 µm long. Anal tube very short, only about half length of anal plates, about 85 µm long; anal ring setae each about 105–115 µm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF33F8A5FF4AF9EDBAA0E20D" blockId="185.[151,1436,565,2030]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF33F8A5FF4AF9EDBA0BE36E" box="[199,296,1573,1598]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF33F8A5FF4AF9EDBA02E36D" bold="true" box="[199,289,1573,1598]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">Margin</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Marginal setae setose, each about 15–30 (13–22) µm long, with 8–11 (6–8) anteriorly between eyespots, and (on each side) 3–8 (2–3) between eyespots and anterior stigmatic area, 3–8 (6–7) between stigmatic areas and an unknown number on either side of abdomen; each anal lobe perhaps with 2 or 3 (4) slightly longer setae, longest about 50–53 µm long. Stigmatic clefts quite deep, each with an elongate group of particularly blunt conical stigmatic setae extending in a broad group onto dorsum; each group about 2 times longer than wide; anterior groups with 22–56 setae and posterior groups with 28–58 setae (
<quantity id="74479B67FF33F8A5FC44F911BF0DE3A2" box="[969,1070,1753,1777]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.524" metricValueMax="1.905" metricValueMin="1.143" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" unit="in" value="60.0" valueMax="75.0" valueMin="45.0">45–75 in</quantity>
each); most setae 6.5–10 (9–12) µm long and 6.5–10 (8–13) µm wide, many with an almost flat apex; each group generally with a noticeably larger seta about 15–16 (15–17) µm long and 13–14 (14) µm wide, located towards dorsal apex of group. Eyespots each 30–35 (28) µm wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF33F8A0FF4AF8A2BE16E44F" blockId="185.[151,1436,565,2030]" lastBlockId="188.[151,1436,151,860]" lastPageId="188" lastPageNumber="189" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF33F8A5FF4AF8A2BA3FE2D2" box="[199,284,1898,1922]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF33F8A5FF4AF8A2BA36E2D1" bold="true" box="[199,277,1898,1922]" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">Venter</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm entirely membranous. Pregenital disc-pores abundant around genital opening (segment VII) and across preceding segment, but then rather sparse medially on all preceding segments but only present associated with anogenital folds on segment V. Spiracular disc-pores present in very broad bands of at least 150 (100+) pores (width greater than width of stigmatic spine group and about 3 times wider than spiracular peritremes) but with few, if any, extending medially. Ventral microducts showing nothing distinctive. Ventral tubular ducts absent in cephalic region but sparsely present associated with anogenital fold on abdominal segment III–VI, exact numbers uncertain; each with a filamentous inner ductule with a small glandular end; when seen from some angles, some inner ductule arising from sides of outer ductule. Submarginal setae frequent, each 10–13 µm long.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E7C0660AFF30F8A6FF1AF8A3B958E2A5" pageId="186" pageNumber="187" startId="186.[151,244,1899,1920]" targetBox="[151,1412,158,1892]" targetPageId="186">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF30F8A6FF1AF8A3B958E2A5" blockId="186.[151,1436,1899,2038]" pageId="186" pageNumber="187">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF30F8A6FF1AF8A3BA3AE2D3" bold="true" box="[151,281,1899,1920]" pageId="186" pageNumber="187">FIGURE 84.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF30F8A6FE93F8A4BA9EE2D2" authority="Hall." authorityName="Hall." box="[286,445,1900,1921]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Gascardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="186" pageNumber="187" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="royenae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF30F8A6FE93F8A4BAA4E2D2" box="[286,391,1900,1921]" italics="true" pageId="186" pageNumber="187">C. royenae</emphasis>
Hall.
</taxonomicName>
Type series. For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes: (i) dorsal loculate microducts of rusci-type; (ii) dorsal setae clearly longer than width of basal socket, present sparsely in all clear areas; (iii) stigmatic setae in a small compact group, each group longer than wide; (iv) most stigmatic setae with a blunt apex; (v) multilocular disc-pores present on all abdominal segments; (vi) ventral tubular ducts absent anteriorly but a few present posteriorly; (vii) legs with or without a small tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis, and (viii) claw digitules both broad.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="E7C0660AFF31F8A7FF1AF850BAB1E29C" pageId="187" pageNumber="188" startId="187.[151,244,1944,1965]" targetBox="[154,1432,189,1907]" targetPageId="187">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF31F8A7FF1AF850BAB1E29C" blockId="187.[151,1436,1944,1999]" pageId="187" pageNumber="188">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF31F8A7FF1AF850BA3AE2FE" bold="true" box="[151,281,1944,1965]" pageId="187" pageNumber="188">FIGURE 85.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF31F8A7FE92F850BAE3E2FE" authority="Hall." authorityName="Hall." box="[287,448,1944,1965]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Gascardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="187" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="royenae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF31F8A7FE92F850BAABE2FE" box="[287,392,1944,1965]" italics="true" pageId="187" pageNumber="188">C. royenae</emphasis>
Hall.
</taxonomicName>
South Africa, no other data but labelled
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF31F8A7FCDEF850BF62E2FE" authority="? (BMNH)" baseAuthorityName="BMNH" box="[851,1089,1944,1965]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="187" pageNumber="188" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="coniformis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF31F8A7FCDEF850B8C1E2FE" box="[851,994,1944,1965]" italics="true" pageId="187" pageNumber="188">C. coniformis?</emphasis>
(BMNH)
</taxonomicName>
. For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes as for FIGURE. 84.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF36F8A0FF4AFEEFBACFE4A7" blockId="188.[151,1436,151,860]" pageId="188" pageNumber="189">Antennae each with 6 segments, segment III generally with a hint of a pseudo-articulation; total length 250–275 (250–295) µm. Clypeolabral shield about 165–175 (170) µm long. Spiracles: width of peritremes 65–75 (65–90) µm. Legs well developed, tibio-tarsal articulation small or absent; each claw without a denticle; with 1 broad claw digitule and other slightly narrower, both shorter than tarsal digitules; dimensions of metathoracic legs (µm): coxa 115–125 (115–125); trochanter + femur 145–165 (128–145); tibia 90–105 (95–108); tarsus 65–70 (66–75), and claw 21–27 (24).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF36F8A0FF4AFE37BAECE60F" pageId="188" pageNumber="189" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF36F8A0FF4AFE37BF94E647" blockId="188.[151,1436,151,860]" pageId="188" pageNumber="189">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF36F8A0FF4AFE37BA6FE744" box="[199,332,511,536]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="188" pageNumber="189" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF36F8A0FF4AFE37BA66E74B" bold="true" box="[199,325,511,536]" pageId="188" pageNumber="189">Discussion</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF36F8A0FED7FDC8BAF7E74B" box="[346,468,512,536]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Gascardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="188" pageNumber="189" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="royenae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF36F8A0FED7FDC8BAF7E74B" box="[346,468,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="188" pageNumber="189">C. royenae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shows some similarity to
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF36F8A0FD77FDC8B853E744" authorityName="Marchal. All" authorityYear="2012" box="[762,880,512,536]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Waxiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="188" pageNumber="189" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uvariae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF36F8A0FD77FDC8B853E744" box="[762,880,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="188" pageNumber="189">C. uvariae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having each group of stigmatic setae narrower along the margin than the length of each group but differs in having: (i) only 3 large dorsal setae on each anal plate (thought to be 4 or 5 on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF36F8A0FE39FD80B90EE70C" authorityName="Marchal. All" authorityYear="2012" box="[436,557,584,608]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Waxiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="188" pageNumber="189" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uvariae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF36F8A0FE39FD80B90EE70C" box="[436,557,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="188" pageNumber="189">C. uvariae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); (ii) dorsal setae clearly longer than the width of the basal socket and quite sharply pointed (shorter and blunter on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF36F8A0FDC2FDA4B9E7E7D7" authorityName="Marchal. All" authorityYear="2012" box="[591,708,620,644]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Waxiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="188" pageNumber="189" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uvariae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF36F8A0FDC2FDA4B9E7E7D7" box="[591,708,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="188" pageNumber="189">C. uvariae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and (iii) many fewer stigmatic setae in each group (less than 75 rather than well over 100). In addition,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF36F8A0FDF5FD58B9D5E7FB" box="[632,758,656,680]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Gascardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="188" pageNumber="189" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="royenae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF36F8A0FDF5FD58B9D5E7FB" box="[632,758,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="188" pageNumber="189">C. royenae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has only been recorded from southern Africa whereas
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF36F8A0FA0FFD58BBCFE79F" authorityName="Marchal. All" authorityYear="2012" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Waxiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="188" pageNumber="189" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="uvariae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF36F8A0FA0FFD58BBCFE79F" italics="true" pageId="188" pageNumber="189">C. uvariae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is only known from Guinea, in West Africa. However, some (rather poor) material was studied from the
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF36F8A0FF1AFD1FBAEAE7A3" bold="true" box="[151,457,727,752]" pageId="188" pageNumber="189">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF36F8A0FF1AFD1FBAEAE7A3" box="[151,457,727,752]" name="Central African Republic" pageId="188" pageNumber="189">Central African Republic</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
(La Maboké, on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF36F8A0FD00FD10B887E7BC" authority=", Jan. 1968" authorityName="Jan." authorityYear="1968" box="[653,932,727,752]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cannabaceae" genus="Celtis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="188" pageNumber="189" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="zenkeri">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF36F8A0FD00FD10B804E7A3" box="[653,807,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="188" pageNumber="189">Celtis zenkeri</emphasis>
, Jan. 1968
</taxonomicName>
, P. Teocchi (MNHN # 3558)) which appears to be this species and so
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF36F8A0FE21FD34B906E647" box="[428,549,764,788]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Gascardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="188" pageNumber="189" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="royenae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF36F8A0FE21FD34B906E647" box="[428,549,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="188" pageNumber="189">C. royenae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may be more widespread than the current records suggest.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF36F8A0FF4AFCE8BAECE60F" blockId="188.[151,1436,151,860]" pageId="188" pageNumber="189">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF36F8A0FF4AFCE8BA8DE66B" box="[199,430,800,824]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="188" pageNumber="189" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="royenae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF36F8A0FF4AFCE8BA8DE66B" box="[199,430,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="188" pageNumber="189">Ceroplastes royenae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is currently known from
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF36F8A0FD56FCD7B870E664" box="[731,851,799,823]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="188" pageNumber="189">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF36F8A0FC0EFCD7B8D8E664" box="[899,1019,799,823]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ebenaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="188" pageNumber="189" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Ebenaceae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF36F8A0FBB5FCD7BFFDE664" box="[1080,1246,799,823]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="188" pageNumber="189" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Euphorbiaceae</taxonomicName>
and from
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF36F8A0FAD6FCD7BBFCE60F" name="South Africa" pageId="188" pageNumber="189">South Africa</collectingCountry>
on an unknown host.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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<heading id="E84881EEFF39F8AFFF1AFC8CB9C1E60E" bold="true" box="[151,738,835,862]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="179" pageNumber="180" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF39F8AFFF1AFC8CB9C1E60E" bold="true" box="[151,738,835,862]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF39F8AFFF1AFC8CB97DE60E" authority="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[151,606,835,862]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="179" pageNumber="180" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mori" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF39F8AFFF1AFC8CBA40E60D" bold="true" box="[151,355,836,862]" italics="true" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">Ceroplastes mori</emphasis>
Hodgson &amp; Peronti
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,
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<paragraph id="B3003682FF39F8AFFF1AFCAEBAE5E62D" blockId="179.[151,738,835,894]" box="[151,454,870,894]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">
(
<figureCitation id="2B842A07FF39F8AFFF12FCAEBBD5E62D" box="[159,246,870,894]" captionStart="FIGURE 81" captionStartId="180.[151,244,1871,1892]" captionTargetBox="[190,1412,221,1812]" captionTargetId="figure-123@180.[158,1430,175,1857]" captionTargetPageId="180" captionText="FIGURE 81. C. mori Hodgson &amp; Peronti, spec. nov. Type series. For explanation of labels, see p. 9; S = unusual interantennal seta. Notes: (i) dorsal loculate microducts of rusci-type with mainly 1 or 2 satellite loculi; (ii) dorsal setae subequal to or slightly longer than width of basal socket, present sparsely in all clear areas; (iii) stigmatic setae in a small compact triangular group, each seta sharply conical; (iv) multilocular disc-pores restricted to posterior abdominal segments; (v) ventral tubular ducts absent anteriorly and few posteriorly; (vi) legs with a small tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis, and (vii) claw digitules both broad." pageId="179" pageNumber="180">Figs 81</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2B842A07FF39F8AFFE8CFCAEBA03E62D" box="[257,288,870,894]" captionStart="FIGURE 82" captionStartId="181.[151,244,1975,1996]" captionTargetBox="[167,1413,184,1954]" captionTargetId="figure-50@181.[151,1436,161,1965]" captionTargetPageId="181" captionText="FIGURE 82. C. mori Hodgson &amp; Peronti, spec. nov. Zimbabwe, Harari (Salisbury), on Salvia confertiflora, -.vii.1970, J.R. McDaniel (BMNH). For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes as for FIGURE 81." pageId="179" pageNumber="180">82</figureCitation>
; Map fig. 105)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF39F8AFFF1AFC67B899E697" box="[151,954,942,965]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF39F8AFFF1AFC67B899E697" blockId="179.[151,954,942,965]" box="[151,954,942,965]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFF39F8AFFF1AFC67B899E697" box="[151,954,942,965]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF39F8AFFF1AFC67B935E697" ID-CoL="T44R" authority="Newstead" authorityName="Newstead" box="[151,534,942,965]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="179" pageNumber="180" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrilineatus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF39F8AFFF1AFC67BA8AE696" box="[151,425,943,965]" italics="true" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">Ceroplastes quadrilineatus</emphasis>
Newstead
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FF39F8AFFDADFC66B9CEE697" author="Hodgson, C. J." box="[544,749,942,964]" page="32" pageId="179" pageNumber="180" year="1969">
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF39F8AFFDADFC66B9CEE697" author="Hodgson, C. J." box="[544,749,942,964]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180" pagination="1 - 43" refId="ref185928" refString="Hodgson, C. J. (1969 a) Notes on Rhodesian Coccidae (Homoptera: Coccidea). Part. II: The genera Ceroplastes and Gascardia. Arnoldia (Rhodesia) 4, 1 - 43." type="journal article" year="1969">Hodgson, 1969a: 32</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(Misidentification).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF39F8AAFF1AFC22BE5AE62C" lastPageId="182" lastPageNumber="183" pageId="179" pageNumber="180" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF39F8AFFF1AFC22BF5AE175" blockId="179.[151,1437,1002,2035]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF39F8AFFF1AFC22B9C4E150" bold="true" box="[151,743,1002,1027]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">
Material examined:
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF39F8AFFE03FC23BAD8E150" box="[398,507,1003,1027]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
female:
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF39F8AFFDEAFC22B9C4E150" box="[615,743,1002,1027]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
,
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FF39F8AFFD7AFC23B860E151" box="[759,835,1003,1026]" country="Zimbabwe" name="Harare" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">Harare</collectingRegion>
[Salisbury], Greendale, on mulberry (
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF39F8AFFB71FC23BEA8E151" box="[1276,1419,1003,1026]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Morus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="179" pageNumber="180" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nigra">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF39F8AFFB71FC23BEA8E151" box="[1276,1419,1003,1026]" italics="true" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">Morus nigra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
),
<date id="C7011042FF39F8AFFF1AFBC6BA27E175" box="[151,260,1038,1062]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180" value="1967-03-08">8.iii.1967</date>
, C.J. Hodgson (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FF39F8AFFE3AFBC6B931E175" box="[439,530,1038,1062]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/1 young (good; misidentified as
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF39F8AFFC28FBC6BF4AE175" box="[933,1129,1038,1062]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="179" pageNumber="180" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrilineatus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF39F8AFFC28FBC6BF4AE175" box="[933,1129,1038,1062]" italics="true" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">C. quadrilineatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF39F8AFFF4AFBFBB8ABE119" blockId="179.[151,1437,1002,2035]" box="[199,904,1074,1099]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFF39F8AFFF4AFBFBB8A7E119" box="[199,900,1074,1099]" collectionCode="BMNH" pageId="179" pageNumber="180" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF39F8AFFF4AFBFBBAB0E118" bold="true" box="[199,403,1074,1099]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF39F8AFFF4AFBFBBA17E118" box="[199,308,1075,1099]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
female:
</emphasis>
as for
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF39F8AFFE6DFBFAB961E119" box="[480,578,1074,1098]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FF39F8AFFDDCFBFAB98FE119" box="[593,684,1074,1098]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/1 young (good)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF39F8AFFF4AFB9EB923E1AD" blockId="179.[151,1437,1002,2035]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF39F8AFFF4AFB9EBA26E13C" bold="true" box="[199,261,1110,1135]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">Also:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFF39F8AFFE9EFB9EBEBBE13D" box="[275,1432,1110,1135]" collectingDate="1989-03-12" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="A. Dejean" country="Cameroon" location="Yaounde" pageId="179" pageNumber="180" specimenCode="MNHN #11119" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF39F8AFFE9EFB9EBAB5E13C" bold="true" box="[275,406,1110,1135]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF39F8AFFE9EFB9EBAB1E13C" box="[275,402,1110,1135]" name="Cameroon" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">Cameroon</collectingCountry>
,
</emphasis>
<location id="B6606059FF39F8AFFE29FB9EB92AE13D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FF39F8AAFF1AFC8CBA98E093:B6606059FF39F8AFFE29FB9EB92AE13D" box="[420,521,1110,1134]" country="Cameroon" name="Yaounde" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">Yaoundé</location>
,
<collectedFrom id="00A3757FFF39F8AFFD96FB9FB804E13D" box="[539,807,1110,1134]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">
on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF39F8AFFDC9FB9EB804E13D" box="[580,807,1110,1134]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Phyllanthaceae" genus="Bridelia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="179" pageNumber="180" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="macrantha">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF39F8AFFDC9FB9EB804E13D" box="[580,807,1110,1134]" italics="true" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">Bridelia macrantha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
,
<date id="C7011042FF39F8AFFCB6FB9EB895E13D" box="[827,950,1110,1134]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180" value="1989-03-12">
<collectingDate id="D745E9AAFF39F8AFFCB6FB9EB895E13D" box="[827,950,1110,1134]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180" value="1989-03-12">12.iii.1989</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FF39F8AFFC44FB9EBF63E13D" box="[969,1088,1110,1134]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">A. Dejean</collectorName>
(
<specimenCode id="E3199EF9FF39F8AFFBD8FB9EBE31E13D" box="[1109,1298,1110,1134]" collectionCode="MNHN" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">MNHN #11119</specimenCode>
): 1/1 (fair)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFF39F8AFFF1AFBB3BA2FE1E5" collectingDate="1949-03-26" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="W. J. Hall" country="Kenya" location="Nairobi" pageId="179" pageNumber="180" specimenCode="IIE 1705" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF39F8AFFF1AFBB3BBC6E1C0" bold="true" box="[151,229,1147,1171]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF39F8AFFF1AFBB3BBC6E1C0" box="[151,229,1147,1171]" name="Kenya" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">Kenya</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
,
<location id="B6606059FF39F8AFFF7FFBB2BA69E1C1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FF39F8AAFF1AFC8CBA98E093:B6606059FF39F8AFFF7FFBB2BA69E1C1" box="[242,330,1146,1170]" country="Kenya" name="Nairobi" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">Nairobi</location>
, on mulberry (
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF39F8AFFE62FBB3B943E1C1" box="[495,608,1146,1170]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Morus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="179" pageNumber="180" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF39F8AFFE62FBB3B91BE1C1" box="[495,568,1147,1170]" italics="true" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">Morus</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
),
<date id="C7011042FF39F8AFFDFBFBB2B9D2E1C1" box="[630,753,1146,1170]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180" value="1949-03-26">
<collectingDate id="D745E9AAFF39F8AFFDFBFBB2B9D2E1C1" box="[630,753,1146,1170]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180" value="1949-03-26">26.iii.1949</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FF39F8AFFD70FBB3B847E1C1" box="[765,868,1146,1170]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">W.J. Hall</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FF39F8AFFCFEFBB2B8EFE1C1" box="[883,972,1146,1170]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">BMNH</collectionCode>
,
<specimenCode id="E3199EF9FF39F8AFFC5BFBB3BF19E1C1" box="[982,1082,1146,1170]" collectionCode="IIE" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">IIE 1705</specimenCode>
/11229): 2/4 (2 young, good + 2 old, poor)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFF39F8AFFE97FB56BA36E189" collectingDate="1933-06-03" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="A. H. Ritchie" country="Tanzania" location="Tanganyika" pageId="179" pageNumber="180" specimenCode="TT1075" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Arusha">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF39F8AFFE97FB56BAA9E1E4" bold="true" box="[282,394,1182,1207]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF39F8AFFE97FB56BAA9E1E4" box="[282,394,1182,1207]" name="Tanzania" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
(
<location id="B6606059FF39F8AFFE14FB56B902E1E5" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FF39F8AAFF1AFC8CBA98E093:B6606059FF39F8AFFE14FB56B902E1E5" box="[409,545,1182,1206]" country="Tanzania" name="Tanganyika" pageId="179" pageNumber="180" stateProvince="Arusha">Tanganyika</location>
),
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FF39F8AFFDB5FB56B9AFE1E5" box="[568,652,1182,1206]" country="Tanzania" name="Arusha" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">Arusha</collectingRegion>
,
<collectedFrom id="00A3757FFF39F8AFFD17FB57B87CE1E5" box="[666,863,1182,1206]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">
on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF39F8AFFD4DFB56B87CE1E5" box="[704,863,1182,1206]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Cordiaceae" genus="Cordia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="179" pageNumber="180" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="holstii">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF39F8AFFD4DFB56B87CE1E5" box="[704,863,1182,1206]" italics="true" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">Cordia holstii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
,
<date id="C7011042FF39F8AFFCFDFB56B8FFE1E5" box="[880,988,1182,1206]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180" value="1933-06-03">
<collectingDate id="D745E9AAFF39F8AFFCFDFB56B8FFE1E5" box="[880,988,1182,1206]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180" value="1933-06-03">3.vi.1933</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FF39F8AFFC66FB56BF5EE1E5" box="[1003,1149,1182,1206]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">A.H. Ritchie</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FF39F8AFFB02FB56BFC4E1E5" box="[1167,1255,1182,1206]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">BMNH</collectionCode>
,
<specimenCode id="E3199EF9FF39F8AFFB7BFB56BE76E1E5" box="[1270,1365,1182,1206]" collectionCode="TT" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">TT1075</specimenCode>
): 3/11 (fair-good)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFF39F8AFFEB4FB0ABADFE1AD" collectingDate="1970-07" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="J. R. McDaniel" country="Zimbabwe" location="Salisbury" municipality="Southern Rhodesia" pageId="179" pageNumber="180" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Harare">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF39F8AFFEB4FB0ABA9BE188" bold="true" box="[313,440,1218,1243]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF39F8AFFEB4FB0ABA9BE188" box="[313,440,1218,1243]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
[
<collectingMunicipality id="5364ACF8FF39F8AFFE5DFB0AB994E189" box="[464,695,1218,1242]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">Southern Rhodesia</collectingMunicipality>
],
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FF39F8AFFD5FFB0BB83DE189" box="[722,798,1219,1242]" country="Zimbabwe" name="Harare" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">Harare</collectingRegion>
[
<location id="B6606059FF39F8AFFCB8FB0AB884E189" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FF39F8AAFF1AFC8CBA98E093:B6606059FF39F8AFFCB8FB0AB884E189" box="[821,935,1218,1242]" country="Zimbabwe" municipality="Southern Rhodesia" name="Salisbury" pageId="179" pageNumber="180" stateProvince="Harare">Salisbury</location>
],
<collectedFrom id="00A3757FFF39F8AFFC4EFB0BBFF7E188" box="[963,1236,1219,1243]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">
on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF39F8AFFC7DFB0BBFF7E188" box="[1008,1236,1219,1243]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Salvia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="179" pageNumber="180" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="confertiflora">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF39F8AFFC7DFB0BBFF7E188" box="[1008,1236,1219,1243]" italics="true" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">Salvia confertiflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
, -.
<date id="C7011042FF39F8AFFB7AFB0ABE79E189" box="[1271,1370,1218,1242]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180" value="1970-07">
<collectingDate id="D745E9AAFF39F8AFFB7AFB0ABE79E189" box="[1271,1370,1218,1242]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180" value="1970-07">vii.1970</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FF39F8AFFAFDFB0BBA24E1AD" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">J.R. McDaniel</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FF39F8AFFE9BFB2EBA52E1AD" box="[278,369,1254,1278]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 2/3 (good)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF39F8AFFF4AFAC3BF91E071" blockId="179.[151,1437,1002,2035]" box="[199,1202,1290,1315]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF39F8AFFF4AFAC3BBDCE070" bold="true" box="[199,255,1291,1315]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">Note</emphasis>
. Main description taken from
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF39F8AFFDDEFAC3B9A0E070" box="[595,643,1291,1315]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">type</typeStatus>
series; data in [..] brackets from other specimens.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF39F8AFFF4AFAE7B92EE0E1" blockId="179.[151,1437,1002,2035]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF39F8AFFF4AFAE7BAE9E015" box="[199,458,1326,1351]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="179" pageNumber="180" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF39F8AFFF4AFAE7BAE0E014" bold="true" box="[199,451,1326,1351]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">Unmounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Wax test not recorded (believed to be white) but with wax removed, medio-dorsal, cephalic and lateral tubercles relatively small but distinct, smoothly rounded, with small tubercles. Caudal process directed upwards at a sharp angle. Stigmatic clefts not deeply indented. (Modified from
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF39F8AFFB26FABEBEB4E0DD" author="Hodgson, C. J." box="[1195,1431,1398,1422]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180" pagination="1 - 43" refId="ref185928" refString="Hodgson, C. J. (1969 a) Notes on Rhodesian Coccidae (Homoptera: Coccidea). Part. II: The genera Ceroplastes and Gascardia. Arnoldia (Rhodesia) 4, 1 - 43." type="journal article" year="1969">Hodgson, 1969a: 32</bibRefCitation>
, under
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF39F8AFFF50FA53BADEE0E0" box="[221,509,1435,1459]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Gascardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="179" pageNumber="180" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrilineatus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF39F8AFFF50FA53BADEE0E0" box="[221,509,1435,1459]" italics="true" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">Gascardia quadrilineatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF39F8AFFF4AFA77B8B0E34D" blockId="179.[151,1437,1002,2035]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF39F8AFFF4AFA77BA88E085" box="[199,427,1470,1495]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="179" pageNumber="180" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF39F8AFFF4AFA77BA87E084" bold="true" box="[199,420,1470,1495]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">Mounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Body roundly oval and convex, with distinct, shallow, stigmatic clefts; dorsum with distinct tubercles. Caudal process broad and stout. Length 2.3–4.0 [1.5–4.0] mm; width of young adults 1.87–2.3 [1.5–3] mm; old adults: venter 3 [2.7–2.9] mm, total width
<quantity id="74479B67FF39F8AFFCA2F9CEB8ACE34D" box="[815,911,1542,1566]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="179" pageNumber="180" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="5.0">5–6 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF39F8AFFF4AF9E3BEBFE2A1" blockId="179.[151,1437,1002,2035]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF39F8AFFF4AF9E3BA0DE311" box="[199,302,1579,1603]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="179" pageNumber="180" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF39F8AFFF4AF9E3BA04E310" bold="true" box="[199,295,1579,1603]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180">Dorsum</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm membranous except for heavily sclerotised caudal process. Caudal process about 635–715 [400–650] µm wide and 840–900 [425–775] µm long. Derm with 8 clear areas, each with a few simple microducts and dorsal setae. Dorsal setae each mostly bluntly spinose, length subequal to width of basal-socket or longer, length 3.0–5.0 [3.0–4.0] µm; basal socket width 4–4.5 [3.5–4.5] µm; sides mostly converging to a narrow, blunt apex but longer setae occasionally present with a sharper point [a few sharply pointed]; present rather sparsely [frequent] throughout but very sparse in clear areas. Dorsal pores: (i) loculate microducts of rusci-type most abundant, each 5–7 µm widest, those with 2 satellite loculi widespread on some specimens but mainly restricted to wax-plate lines on others; pores with 3 satellite loculi frequent in wax-plate lines; abundant throughout but absent from all clear areas; wax-plate lines present; and (ii) simple microducts of
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFF39F8AFFC71F882BF6CE230" box="[1020,1103,1866,1891]" pageId="179" pageNumber="180" type="generic" typeStatus="types">2 types</specimenCount>
present, 1 with a sclerotised orifice, rare amongst loculate microducts, and a less sclerotised pore in each clear area, each about 1 µm wide. Preopercular pores: unclear but probably with a band of about 15–20 pores [about
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2 or 3 rows]. Anal plates together approximately oval, length 130–135 [132–145] µm, width of single plate 65–75 [both plates combined 125–132] µm; each plate with 3 large dorsal setal sockets plus that of an apical seta. Anal tube about 150 µm long.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E7C0660AFF3EF8A8FF1AF887BF4DE289" pageId="180" pageNumber="181" startId="180.[151,244,1871,1892]" targetBox="[190,1412,221,1812]" targetPageId="180">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF3EF8A8FF1AF887BF4DE289" blockId="180.[151,1437,1871,2010]" pageId="180" pageNumber="181">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF3EF8A8FF1AF887BA3AE237" bold="true" box="[151,281,1871,1892]" pageId="180" pageNumber="181">FIGURE 81.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF3EF8A8FE92F887B90DE237" authority="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[287,558,1871,1892]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="180" pageNumber="181" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mori" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF3EF8A8FE92F887BA4AE237" box="[287,361,1871,1892]" italics="true" pageId="180" pageNumber="181">C. mori</emphasis>
Hodgson &amp; Peronti
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AF857EBFF3EF8A8FDB5F887B9BAE237" box="[568,665,1871,1892]" pageId="180" pageNumber="181" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Type series. For explanation of labels, see p. 9; S = unusual interantennal seta. Notes: (i) dorsal loculate microducts of rusci-type with mainly 1 or 2 satellite loculi; (ii) dorsal setae subequal to or slightly longer than width of basal socket, present sparsely in all clear areas; (iii) stigmatic setae in a small compact triangular group, each seta sharply conical; (iv) multilocular disc-pores restricted to posterior abdominal segments; (v) ventral tubular ducts absent anteriorly and few posteriorly; (vi) legs with a small tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis, and (vii) claw digitules both broad.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="E7C0660AFF3FF8A9FF1AF87FB866E2BF" pageId="181" pageNumber="182" startId="181.[151,244,1975,1996]" targetBox="[167,1413,184,1954]" targetPageId="181">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF3FF8A9FF1AF87FB866E2BF" blockId="181.[151,1436,1975,2028]" pageId="181" pageNumber="182">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF3FF8A9FF1AF87FBA34E29F" bold="true" box="[151,279,1975,1996]" pageId="181" pageNumber="182">FIGURE 82.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF3FF8A9FE93F87FB90AE29F" authority="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[286,553,1975,1996]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="181" pageNumber="182" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mori" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF3FF8A9FE93F87FBA44E29F" box="[286,359,1975,1996]" italics="true" pageId="181" pageNumber="182">C. mori</emphasis>
Hodgson &amp; Peronti
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AF857EBFF3FF8A9FDBFF87FB9B1E29F" box="[562,658,1975,1996]" pageId="181" pageNumber="182" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Zimbabwe, Harari (Salisbury), on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF3FF8A9FC6CF87FBFBFE29F" box="[993,1180,1975,1996]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Salvia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="181" pageNumber="182" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="confertiflora">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF3FF8A9FC6CF87FBFBFE29F" box="[993,1180,1975,1996]" italics="true" pageId="181" pageNumber="182">Salvia confertiflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, -.vii.1970, J.R. McDaniel (BMNH). For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes as for FIGURE 81.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF3CF8AAFF4AFF5FB9C7E4D4" blockId="182.[151,1437,151,1472]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF3CF8AAFF4AFF5FBA0BE5FC" box="[199,296,151,176]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF3CF8AAFF4AFF5FBA02E5E3" bold="true" box="[199,289,151,176]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">Margin</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Marginal setae setose, each about 12–20 [23] µm long; with 12 [8] between eyespots anteriorly, and, on each side, 7 [2–5] between eyespots and anterior stigmatic setae, 12 [2–9] setae between stigmatic clefts, and 17 [8–10] along each margin of abdomen; each anal lobe with perhaps 2 or 3 [3] long setae, each about 50 [60–75] µm long. Stigmatic clefts fairly shallow but distinct, each with a triangular group of 19–27 [14–22] rather pointed, conical stigmatic setae; each group clearly wider than long and generally with a noticeably larger seta towards dorsal apex; small stigmatic setae each 6–10 [6–8] µm long and wide, and largest setae 11–14 [13–15] µm long and wide. Eyespots each about 28–30 [30–34] µm wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF3CF8AAFF4AFE5CBE66E7F4" blockId="182.[151,1437,151,1472]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF3CF8AAFF4AFE5CBA3FE4F8" box="[199,284,404,428]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF3CF8AAFF4AFE5CBA36E4FF" bold="true" box="[199,277,404,428]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">Venter</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm entirely membranous. Pregenital disc-pores abundant around genital opening (segment VII) and across preceding segment, segment V with 0 or 1 [4] pores medially and 7–16 [4–8] pores on each side; absent more anteriorly. Spiracular disc-pores each with 5 or 6 [mainly 5 but 6 quite common] loculi; present in broad bands of at least 100 pores [often widening near margin to wider than stigmatic setal group]; with none extending medially; those near each cleft more sclerotised. Ventral microducts showing nothing distinctive. Ventral tubular ducts absent in cephalic area but present in a group of 5 or 6 [3 or 4] on each side of abdominal segment VI, [plus
<quantity id="74479B67FF3CF8AAFA03FD8FBB8EE7D7" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.54" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" unit="in" value="1.0">1 in</quantity>
V] associated with anogenital folds; each with a short, thin, inner ductule which appears to be slightly swollen basally [not swollen]. Submarginal setae about as frequent as marginal setae, each 11–17 [10–14] µm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF3CF8AAFF4AFD7CBE5AE62C" blockId="182.[151,1437,151,1472]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">Antennae each with 6 segments, but with 1 to several distinct pseudo-articulations in 3rd segment; total length 245–260 [255–270] µm. Clypeolabral shield about 170–200 [170–190] µm long. Spiracles: width of peritremes 65–80 [57–83] µm. Legs well developed, each with a small tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis; each claw probably without a denticle; claw digitules both broad [1 often clearly slightly narrower than other, mainly on prothoracic legs] and slightly shorter than tarsal digitules; dimensions of metathoracic legs (µm): coxa 120–125 [115–125]; trochanter + femur 145–150 [140–162]; tibia 95–108 [95–108]; tarsus 70–75 [65–80], and claw 20–22 [20–22].</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF3CF8AAFF4AFC43BA98E093" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF3CF8AAFF4AFC43BF8EE1BB" blockId="182.[151,1437,151,1472]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF3CF8AAFF4AFC43BA6FE6F0" box="[199,332,907,932]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF3CF8AAFF4AFC43BA66E6F7" bold="true" box="[199,325,907,932]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">Discussion</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
The
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF3CF8AAFE21FC44BAFFE6F7" box="[428,476,908,932]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">type</typeStatus>
series are the specimens that
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF3CF8AAFCE4FC44BF14E6F7" author="Hodgson, C. J." box="[873,1079,908,932]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" pagination="1 - 43" refId="ref185928" refString="Hodgson, C. J. (1969 a) Notes on Rhodesian Coccidae (Homoptera: Coccidea). Part. II: The genera Ceroplastes and Gascardia. Arnoldia (Rhodesia) 4, 1 - 43." type="journal article" year="1969">Hodgson (1969a)</bibRefCitation>
considered to be
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF3CF8AAFAAAFC44BAE8E694" authority="(Newstead)" baseAuthorityName="Newstead" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Gascardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrilineatus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF3CF8AAFAAAFC44BA19E69B" italics="true" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">Gascardia quadrilineatus</emphasis>
(Newstead)
</taxonomicName>
. However, further study suggests that they are not conspecific, differing from
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF3CF8AAFA0FFC78BA19E6BF" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Gascardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrilineatus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF3CF8AAFA0FFC78BA19E6BF" italics="true" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">C. quadrilineatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the following particulars (data for
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF3CF8AAFD56FC1CB8BDE6BF" box="[731,926,980,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Gascardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrilineatus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF3CF8AAFD56FC1CB8BDE6BF" box="[731,926,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">C. quadrilineatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in brackets): (i) loculate microducts with 3 or 4 satellite loculi absent (both present, those with 3 quite common); (ii) pregenital disc-pores only present on abdominal segments V, VI and VII (present on all abdominal segments); (iii) each stigmatic cleft with usually less than 27 stigmatic setae (over 40); (iv) each stigmatic spine rather pointed (with a rounded apex); and (v) dorsal clear area obvious (possibly absent).
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF3CF8AAFDC7FBACB981E12F" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[586,674,1124,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mori">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF3CF8AAFDC7FBACB981E12F" box="[586,674,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">C. mori</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also similar to
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF3CF8AAFCFEFBACB8F4E12F" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[883,983,1124,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elaeis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF3CF8AAFCFEFBACB8F4E12F" box="[883,983,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">C. elaeis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, described as new above, but differs in having: (i) only about half as many stigmatic setae, and (ii) short dorsal setae, each only about as long as the width of the basal socket (clearly longer).
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF3CF8AAFDECFB64B9D6E197" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[609,757,1196,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danieleae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF3CF8AAFDECFB64B9D6E197" box="[609,757,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">C. danieleae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(described as new above in the
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF3CF8AAFB01FB64BFCFE197" box="[1164,1260,1196,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rusci">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF3CF8AAFB01FB64BFCFE197" box="[1164,1260,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">C. rusci</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-group) is also superficially very similar but has a large group of ventral tubular ducts in the cephalic region.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF3CF8AAFF4AFB3CBFF6E02B" blockId="182.[151,1437,151,1472]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">
As pointed out under
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF3CF8AAFE30FB3CB9A1E05F" box="[445,642,1268,1292]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Gascardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrilineatus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF3CF8AAFE30FB3CB9A1E05F" box="[445,642,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">C. quadrilineatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
below, it is likely that all the records in
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF3CF8AAFBC0FB3CBE32E05F" author="Hodgson, C. J." box="[1101,1297,1268,1292]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" pagination="1 - 43" refId="ref185928" refString="Hodgson, C. J. (1969 a) Notes on Rhodesian Coccidae (Homoptera: Coccidea). Part. II: The genera Ceroplastes and Gascardia. Arnoldia (Rhodesia) 4, 1 - 43." type="journal article" year="1969">Hodgson (1969a)</bibRefCitation>
refer to this species. Based on all of these records (i.e including those in
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF3CF8AAFCC2FAD0BF28E063" author="Hodgson, C. J." box="[847,1035,1304,1328]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" pagination="1 - 43" refId="ref185928" refString="Hodgson, C. J. (1969 a) Notes on Rhodesian Coccidae (Homoptera: Coccidea). Part. II: The genera Ceroplastes and Gascardia. Arnoldia (Rhodesia) 4, 1 - 43." type="journal article" year="1969">Hodgson, 1969a</bibRefCitation>
),
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF3CF8AAFB92FAD0BF55E07C" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[1055,1142,1304,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mori">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF3CF8AAFB92FAD0BF55E07C" box="[1055,1142,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">C. mori</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
would appear to be fairly widespread in central Africa, having been recorded from
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF3CF8AAFC9BFAF4B841E007" box="[790,866,1340,1364]" name="Kenya" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">Kenya</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF3CF8AAFCE0FAF4B8F2E007" box="[877,977,1340,1364]" name="Tanzania" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF3CF8AAFB85FAF4BFA0E007" box="[1032,1155,1340,1364]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
. It has been collected on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF3CF8AAFF1AFAA8BABEE02B" authority=", Labiatae" authorityName="Labiatae" box="[151,413,1376,1400]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Boraginaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Boraginales" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Boraginaceae, Labiatae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF3CF8AAFE59FAA8B961E024" box="[468,578,1376,1399]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Moraceae</taxonomicName>
(and perhaps
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF3CF8AAFD6DFAA8B870E02B" box="[736,851,1376,1400]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Meliaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Meliaceae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF3CF8AAFC04FAA8BFF1E02B" authority="(Hodgson, 1969 a))" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Hodgson" baseAuthorityYear="1969" box="[905,1234,1376,1400]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">
Rosaceae (
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF3CF8AAFB8FFAA8BF9CE02B" author="Hodgson, C. J." box="[1026,1215,1376,1400]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" pagination="1 - 43" refId="ref185928" refString="Hodgson, C. J. (1969 a) Notes on Rhodesian Coccidae (Homoptera: Coccidea). Part. II: The genera Ceroplastes and Gascardia. Arnoldia (Rhodesia) 4, 1 - 43." type="journal article" year="1969">Hodgson, 1969a</bibRefCitation>
))
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF3CF8AAFF4AFA4CBA98E093" blockId="182.[151,1437,151,1472]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF3CF8AAFF4AFA4CBAACE0CF" bold="true" box="[199,399,1411,1436]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">Name derivation</emphasis>
: the specific name
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF3CF8AAFDE6FA4DB983E0CF" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[619,672,1413,1436]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mori">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF3CF8AAFDE6FA4DB983E0CF" box="[619,672,1413,1436]" italics="true" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">mori</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is after the host plant genus,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF3CF8AAFC66FA4DBF17E0CF" box="[1003,1076,1413,1436]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Morus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF3CF8AAFC66FA4DBF17E0CF" box="[1003,1076,1413,1436]" italics="true" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">Morus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, on which this species has been most frequently collected.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:detail id="C46A3468B543C852A13D907DB14E5A08" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="00F71998EA5CFC9E0EF54DF78387BE8E">2012-07-04</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail id="A01300D6662CE747788BCB49BF7CF50C" type="volume">
<mods:number id="2DACF8079781711D1D195272DC6FBA9F">3372</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="DB0577BE071A12382A4BE0C3C2FD044B">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="58A3DDFC622A6732B0117340AB1EA457">265</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="FE8B1690F0BB94FD6697B127AB16A55E">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="B438A0EA2B654D85DB0B7F96384698D6" type="ISSN">1175­5334</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="3B168794FF3CF8A5FF1AF9DCB89AE5A4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5255444" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5255444" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FF3CF8A5FF1AF9DCB89AE5A4" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3B168794FF3CF8A5FF1AF9DCB89AE5A4" lastPageId="185" lastPageNumber="185" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF3CF8AAFF1AF9DCB97AE37E" box="[151,601,1555,1582]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF3CF8AAFF1AF9DCB97AE37E" blockId="182.[151,601,1555,1614]" box="[151,601,1555,1582]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">
<heading id="E84881EEFF3CF8AAFF1AF9DCB97AE37E" bold="true" box="[151,601,1555,1582]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF3CF8AAFF1AF9DCB97AE37E" ID-CoL="T44R" authority="Newstead" authorityName="Newstead" box="[151,601,1555,1582]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrilineatus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF3CF8AAFF1AF9DCB97AE37E" bold="true" box="[151,601,1555,1582]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF3CF8AAFF1AF9DCBAFAE37D" bold="true" box="[151,473,1556,1582]" italics="true" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">Ceroplastes quadrilineatus</emphasis>
Newstead
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF3CF8AAFF1AF9FEBABAE31D" box="[151,409,1590,1614]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" type="description">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF3CF8AAFF1AF9FEBABAE31D" blockId="182.[151,601,1555,1614]" box="[151,409,1590,1614]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">
(
<figureCitation id="2B842A07FF3CF8AAFF12F9FEBBD0E31D" box="[159,243,1590,1614]" captionStart="FIGURE 83" captionStartId="183.[151,244,1883,1904]" captionTargetBox="[235,1406,155,1863]" captionTargetId="figure-118@183.[171,1431,125,1863]" captionTargetPageId="183" captionText="FIGURE 83. C. quadrilineatus Newstead. Uganda, Kampala, on Ficus natalensis, 9.vi.1958, G. De Lotto (BMNH). For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes: (i) dorsal loculate microducts of rusci-type, with mainly 2 or 3 satellite loculi; (ii) dorsal setae clearly longer than width of basal socket, present sparsely in all clear areas; (iii) stigmatic setae in a small compact triangular group, each mainly bluntly conical; (iv) multilocular disc-pores present on all abdominal segments; (v) ventral tubular ducts absent anteriorly and few posteriorly; (vi) legs with a small tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis, and (vii) claw digitules both broad." pageId="182" pageNumber="183">Fig. 83</figureCitation>
; Map fig. 105)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF3CF8AAFF1AF9B7B9CEE3E0" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF3CF8AAFF1AF9B7B9BAE3C7" blockId="182.[151,749,1662,1715]" box="[151,665,1662,1685]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFF3CF8AAFF1AF9B7B9BAE3C7" box="[151,665,1662,1685]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FF3CF8AAFF1AF9B7B9B6E3C7" author="Newstead, R." box="[151,661,1662,1685]" page="193" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" year="1910">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF3CF8AAFF1AF9B7B9B6E3C7" ID-CoL="T44R" authority="Newstead, 1910 b: 193" authorityName="Newstead" authorityPageNumber="193" authorityYear="1910" box="[151,661,1662,1685]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrilineatus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF3CF8AAFF1AF9B7BA8AE3C6" box="[151,425,1663,1685]" italics="true" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">Ceroplastes quadrilineatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF3CF8AAFE22F9B6B9B6E3C7" author="Newstead, R." box="[431,661,1662,1684]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" pagination="185 - 199" refId="ref187685" refString="Newstead, R. (1910 b) Some further observations on the scale insects (Coccidae) of the Uganda Protectorate. Bulletin of Entomological Research 1, 185 - 199." type="journal article" year="1910">Newstead, 1910b: 193</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF3CF8AAFF1AF955B9CEE3E0" blockId="182.[151,749,1662,1715]" box="[151,749,1693,1715]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFF3CF8AAFF1AF955B9CEE3E0" box="[151,749,1693,1715]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF3CF8AAFF1AF955B92CE3E0" ID-CoL="3FBYQ" authority="(Newstead)" baseAuthorityName="Newstead" box="[151,527,1693,1715]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Gascardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrilineata">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF3CF8AAFF1AF955BAB2E3E0" box="[151,401,1693,1715]" italics="true" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">Gascardia quadrilineata</emphasis>
(Newstead)
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FF3CF8AAFD94F956B9CAE3E0" author="De Lotto, G." box="[537,745,1693,1715]" page="182" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" year="1965">
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF3CF8AAFD94F956B9CAE3E0" author="De Lotto, G." box="[537,745,1693,1715]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" pagination="174 - 239" refId="ref184199" refString="De Lotto, G. (1965) On some Coccidae (Homoptera), chiefly from Africa. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology, London 16, 174 - 239." type="journal article" year="1965">De Lotto, 1965: 182</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF3CF8A4FF1AF917BEB6E26C" lastPageId="184" lastPageNumber="185" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF3CF8AAFF1AF917B838E237" blockId="182.[151,1436,1759,2036]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF3CF8AAFF1AF917BAA1E3AB" bold="true" box="[151,386,1759,1784]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">Material examined:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFF3CF8AAFE07F928B838E237" collectionCode="BMNH" country="Uganda" county="Colonial Office" location="On" municipality="No" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-female="3" stateProvince="Kampala" typeStatus="lectotype">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF3CF8AAFE07F928B923E3AB" bold="true" box="[394,512,1760,1784]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF3CF8AAFE07F928B923E3AB" box="[394,512,1760,1784]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFF3CF8AAFD8AF928B93FE3A4" box="[519,540,1760,1783]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF3CF8AAFDA9F917B87CE3AB" bold="true" box="[548,863,1759,1784]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">
(here designated):
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF3CF8AAFC8FF928B87CE3AB" box="[770,863,1760,1784]" name="Uganda" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">Uganda</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
, left label:
<collectingCounty id="5A614E0EFF3CF8AAFC52F917BFADE3A4" box="[991,1166,1759,1783]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">Colonial Office</collectingCounty>
/ Ent. Res. Com. (Trop. Africa) /
<collectingMunicipality id="5364ACF8FF3CF8AAFE8CF8CCBA00E248" box="[257,291,1796,1819]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">No</collectingMunicipality>
397 /
<location id="B6606059FF3CF8AAFEE3F8CCBAB3E24F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FF3CF8A5FF1AF9DCB89AE5A4:B6606059FF3CF8AAFEE3F8CCBAB3E24F" box="[366,400,1796,1820]" country="Uganda" county="Colonial Office" municipality="No" name="On" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" stateProvince="Kampala">On</location>
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF3CF8AAFE14F8CCB97FE24F" box="[409,604,1796,1820]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Annona" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="muricata">Annona muricata</taxonomicName>
/
<location id="B6606059FF3CF8AAFDF8F8CCB9F8E24F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FF3CF8A5FF1AF9DCB89AE5A4:B6606059FF3CF8AAFDF8F8CCB9F8E24F" box="[629,731,1796,1820]" country="Uganda" county="Colonial Office" municipality="No" name="Kyetume" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" stateProvince="Kampala">Kyetume</location>
/ Nr.
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FF3CF8AAFCADF8CCB8AAE24F" box="[800,905,1796,1820]" country="Uganda" name="Kampala" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">Kampala</collectingRegion>
.
<location id="B6606059FF3CF8AAFC13F8CCB8F6E24F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FF3CF8A5FF1AF9DCB89AE5A4:B6606059FF3CF8AAFC13F8CCB8F6E24F" box="[926,981,1796,1820]" country="Uganda" county="Colonial Office" municipality="No" name="Type" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" stateProvince="Kampala">Type</location>
/
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFF3CF8AAFC62F8CCBF27E248" box="[1007,1028,1796,1819]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
/ 22.II.10; right label:
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF3CF8AAFA84F8CCBEAFE24F" box="[1289,1420,1796,1820]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ceroplastes</taxonomicName>
/ quadrilineatus /
<location id="B6606059FF3CF8AAFEDCF8EFBA9CE26C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FF3CF8A5FF1AF9DCB89AE5A4:B6606059FF3CF8AAFEDCF8EFBA9CE26C" box="[337,447,1831,1855]" country="Uganda" county="Colonial Office" municipality="No" name="Newstead" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" stateProvince="Kampala">Newstead</location>
/
<location id="B6606059FF3CF8AAFE57F8EFB917E26C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FF3CF8A5FF1AF9DCB89AE5A4:B6606059FF3CF8AAFE57F8EFB917E26C" box="[474,564,1831,1855]" country="Uganda" county="Colonial Office" municipality="No" name="Co-type" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" stateProvince="Kampala">Co-type</location>
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFF3CF8AAFDB3F8E0B970E26C" box="[574,595,1832,1855]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
/ BM 1945, 121 (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FF3CF8AAFCAAF8EFB85DE26C" box="[807,894,1831,1855]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">BMNH</collectionCode>
) 1/1 (in fair condition but body split open and dimensions uncertain; anal plates and most legs missing).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF3CF8AAFF4AF8B8BF2EE2D4" blockId="182.[151,1436,1759,2036]" box="[199,1037,1903,1928]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFF3CF8AAFF4AF8B8BF2AE2D4" box="[199,1033,1903,1928]" collectionCode="BMNH" country="Uganda" county="Colonial Office" location="On" municipality="No" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Kampala" typeStatus="paralectotype">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF3CF8AAFF4AF8B8BA4FE2DB" bold="true" box="[199,364,1904,1928]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF3CF8AAFF4AF8B8BA4FE2DB" box="[199,364,1904,1928]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFF3CF8AAFEFEF8B8BAABE2D4" box="[371,392,1904,1927]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
: data as for lectotype (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FF3CF8AAFD11F8A7B9D4E2D4" box="[668,759,1903,1927]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 4/4 (very poor, in bits)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF3CF8AAFF4AF85BBFEDE2A7" blockId="182.[151,1436,1759,2036]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF3CF8AAFF4AF85BBA57E2FF" bold="true" box="[199,372,1939,1964]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">
Also:
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF3CF8AAFE9DF85CBA4CE2FF" box="[272,367,1940,1964]" name="Uganda" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">Uganda</collectingCountry>
,
</emphasis>
N'dege, on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF3CF8AAFD8BF85DB94CE2F8" box="[518,623,1940,1964]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF3CF8AAFD8BF85DB967E2FF" box="[518,580,1941,1964]" italics="true" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">Ficus</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
(bark cloth),
<date id="C7011042FF3CF8AAFC99F85CB8AFE2FF" box="[788,908,1940,1964]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" value="1910-04-22">22.iv.1910</date>
, no coll. (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FF3CF8AAFB8BF85CBF7DE2FF" box="[1030,1118,1940,1964]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">BMNH</collectionCode>
, Colonial Office, Ent. Res. Com., (Trop. Afr.), No. 397): 4/10 (mostly very poor) (also mentioned by Newstead in his original description (1910b)); also
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FF3CF8AAFEB6F814BA80E2A7" box="[315,419,2012,2036]" country="Uganda" name="Kampala" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">Kampala</collectingRegion>
, on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF3CF8AAFE5FF815B9ABE2A7" box="[466,648,2012,2036]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="natalensis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF3CF8AAFE5FF815B9ABE2A7" box="[466,648,2012,2036]" italics="true" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">Ficus natalensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7011042FF3CF8AAFD1BF814B820E2A7" box="[662,771,2012,2036]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183" value="1958-06-09">9.vi.1958</date>
, G. De Lotto (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FF3CF8AAFC2DF814B8D8E2A7" box="[928,1019,2012,2036]" pageId="182" pageNumber="183">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 4/4 (mainly fair).
</paragraph>
<caption id="E7C0660AFF3DF8ABFF1AF893BF6EE2B5" pageId="183" pageNumber="184" startId="183.[151,244,1883,1904]" targetBox="[235,1406,155,1863]" targetPageId="183">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF3DF8ABFF1AF893BF6EE2B5" blockId="183.[151,1436,1883,2022]" pageId="183" pageNumber="184">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF3DF8ABFF1AF893BA3AE223" bold="true" box="[151,281,1883,1904]" pageId="183" pageNumber="184">FIGURE 83.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF3DF8ABFE92F894B910E223" authority="Newstead." authorityName="Newstead." box="[287,563,1883,1905]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="183" pageNumber="184" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrilineatus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF3DF8ABFE92F894BAEBE222" box="[287,456,1884,1905]" italics="true" pageId="183" pageNumber="184">C. quadrilineatus</emphasis>
Newstead.
</taxonomicName>
Uganda, Kampala, on
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF3DF8ABFC95F894B898E222" box="[792,955,1884,1905]" italics="true" pageId="183" pageNumber="184">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF3DF8ABFC95F894B895E222" box="[792,950,1884,1905]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="183" pageNumber="184" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="natalensis">Ficus natalensis</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
9.vi.1958, G. De Lotto (BMNH). For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes: (i) dorsal loculate microducts of rusci-type, with mainly 2 or 3 satellite loculi; (ii) dorsal setae clearly longer than width of basal socket, present sparsely in all clear areas; (iii) stigmatic setae in a small compact triangular group, each mainly bluntly conical; (iv) multilocular disc-pores present on all abdominal segments; (v) ventral tubular ducts absent anteriorly and few posteriorly; (vi) legs with a small tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis, and (vii) claw digitules both broad.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF32F8A4FF4AFF50BE50E5FC" blockId="184.[151,1437,151,2034]" box="[199,1395,151,176]" pageId="184" pageNumber="185">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF32F8A4FF4AFF50BBDCE5E3" bold="true" box="[199,255,152,176]" pageId="184" pageNumber="185">Note</emphasis>
. Main description taken from
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF32F8A4FDD7FF5FB9E3E5FC" box="[602,704,151,175]" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
series, data in (..) brackets from material on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF32F8A4FB3AFF50BE4FE5E3" box="[1207,1388,152,176]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="natelensis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF32F8A4FB3AFF50BE4FE5E3" box="[1207,1388,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="184" pageNumber="185">Ficus natelensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF32F8A4FF4AFF74BF39E4A2" blockId="184.[151,1437,151,2034]" pageId="184" pageNumber="185">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF32F8A4FF4AFF74BAE9E580" box="[199,458,187,212]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF32F8A4FF4AFF74BAE0E587" bold="true" box="[199,451,187,212]" pageId="184" pageNumber="185">Unmounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
&quot;Test of adult female — Dorsum with a pair of large divergent pyriform bodies, the narrowed portions of which meet together immediately over the anal orifice; these very prominent swellings are a dull crimson colour with distinct and well-defined narrow transverse blackish bands; under a low magnification the banding has the appearance of striae, so that these very prominent portions of the test bear a striking resemblance to a pair of miniature shells of the genus
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF32F8A4FDD9FE83B9E7E430" authorityName="Lamarck" authorityYear="1801" box="[596,708,331,355]" class="Bivalvia" family="Gryphaeidae" genus="Gryphaea" kingdom="Animalia" order="Ostreida" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF32F8A4FDD9FE83B9E7E430" box="[596,708,331,355]" italics="true" pageId="184" pageNumber="185">Gryphaea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; sides bulging and somewhat irregular in outline, colour sootycrimson; stigmatic bands pure white, narrow, extending right across the bulging portion of the test, forming 4 conspicuous white lines (2 on each side) against the darker portion of the wax. The wax immediately beneath the surface is white with a pinkish tinge; it contains a large percentage of water, and is soft and readily injured by pressure. Length,
<quantity id="74479B67FF32F8A4FEEBFE11BA89E4A2" box="[358,426,473,497]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
, width
<quantity id="74479B67FF32F8A4FE71FE11B91CE4A2" box="[508,575,473,497]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
, depth
<quantity id="74479B67FF32F8A4FD1DFE11B9D2E4A2" box="[656,753,473,497]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="5.0">5–7 mm</quantity>
.&quot; (
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF32F8A4FC80FE11BF2EE4A2" author="Newstead, R." box="[781,1037,473,497]" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" pagination="185 - 199" refId="ref187685" refString="Newstead, R. (1910 b) Some further observations on the scale insects (Coccidae) of the Uganda Protectorate. Bulletin of Entomological Research 1, 185 - 199." type="journal article" year="1910">Newstead, 1910b: 193</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF32F8A4FF4AFE35BAB1E70F" blockId="184.[151,1437,151,2034]" pageId="184" pageNumber="185">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF32F8A4FF4AFE35BA8AE746" box="[199,425,509,534]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF32F8A4FF4AFE35BA81E745" bold="true" box="[199,418,509,534]" pageId="184" pageNumber="185">Mounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Body probably rather roundly oval and convex, with distinct, shallow, stigmatic clefts; dorsum possibly with small tubercles. Caudal process broad and stout. Body length about 6 (2.5–5.0) mm, width about 4 (1.5–3.5) mm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF32F8A4FF4AFDA1BF45E127" blockId="184.[151,1437,151,2034]" pageId="184" pageNumber="185">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF32F8A4FF4AFDA1BA0DE7D3" box="[199,302,617,641]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF32F8A4FF4AFDA1BA04E7D2" bold="true" box="[199,295,617,641]" pageId="184" pageNumber="185">Dorsum</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm membranous except for heavily sclerotised caudal process. Caudal process rather large, about 3 (0.9–2.5) mm wide and 3 (0.8–2.5) mm long. Derm apparently with 7 clear areas, dorsal area either very small or absent (small); each clear area with a few simple pores and short setae. Dorsal setae mostly quite long, rather longer than width of basal-socket, length 6.5–8.0 (5–8) µm; basal socket width 4.5–5.0 µm, with sides converging to a narrow, blunt apex; those near margins shorter and bluntly spinose; frequent throughout but rather sparse in all clear areas. Dorsal pores of
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFF32F8A4FE64FCD3B91CE660" box="[489,575,795,819]" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" type="generic">2 types</specimenCount>
, both fairly abundant: (i) loculate microducts of rusci-type, each with 1–4 satellite loculi, rusci-type pores and those with 2 satellite loculi most abundant but pores with 3 satellite loculi frequent, sometimes almost as abundant as those with 2 satellite loculi, particularly in areas where wax-plate lines might be expected; pores with 4 satellite loculi rare or absent; each pore about 6.5–8.0 µm widest, long branched inner filament rarely visible; abundant throughout but absent from all clear areas; wax-plate lines not detected but considered to be probably present on younger specimens; and (ii) simple microduct possibly present throughout but most obvious in clear areas. Preopercular pores in a line of 15–25 (20–38) in a curve along anterior margins of anal plates. Anal plates together oval to almost circular; length of each plate 160–175 (–186) µm, width of single plate 85–90 µm; each with 3 large dorsal setae, each 60–75 µm long, + 1 short seta set some way along posterior margin (setae all missing on
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF32F8A4FE0EFB94BACAE127" box="[387,489,1116,1140]" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
series). Anal ring setae each perhaps 130–140 µm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF32F8A4FF4AFB48B949E0C1" blockId="184.[151,1437,151,2034]" pageId="184" pageNumber="185">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF32F8A4FF4AFB48BA0BE1CB" box="[199,296,1152,1177]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF32F8A4FF4AFB48BA02E1CA" bold="true" box="[199,289,1152,1177]" pageId="184" pageNumber="185">Margin</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Marginal setae stoutly setose, each up to about 30 µm long; with 6–8 between eyespots anteriorly, 3 between eyespots and anterior stigmatic setae, and 4–6 setae on each side between stigmatic clefts and infrequent on each side of abdomen and infrequent on each side of abdomen; each anal lobe with 2–4 larger setae, each about 60–80 µm long. Stigmatic clefts distinct, each with a group of roundly conical stigmatic setae, each group about as wide as long, particularly on young specimens; anterior group with 47–52 (49–80) setae and posterior groups with 53–56 (53–75) setae; each group generally with a noticeably larger seta (each about 15–18 (14–15) µm wide and 12–13 µm long) medially towards dorsal apex of group; other setae subequal in size, each 10–12 (9–10) µm wide and long. Eyespots each 30–35 µm wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF32F8A4FF4AFA56BBDFE3DF" blockId="184.[151,1437,151,2034]" pageId="184" pageNumber="185">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF32F8A4FF4AFA56BA3FE0E5" box="[199,284,1438,1462]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF32F8A4FF4AFA56BA36E0E5" bold="true" box="[199,277,1438,1462]" pageId="184" pageNumber="185">Venter</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm entirely membranous. Pregenital disc-pores abundant around genital opening (segment VII) and across preceding segment, with rather fewer in V, and (medially on each segment): IV 5, III 4, II 3 and 1 (0) on metathorax. Spiracular disc-pores present in broad bands of at least 100 pores but not extending medially. Ventral microducts showing nothing distinctive. Ventral tubular ducts each perhaps without a filamentous inner ductule; absent in cephalic region but present associated with anogenital folds on abdomen; in a group of 3 on segment VI and 1 on segment V, these only visible on 1 side of 1 non-type specimen. Submarginal setae frequent, each 11–14 µm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF32F8A4FF4AF950BEB6E26C" blockId="184.[151,1437,151,2034]" pageId="184" pageNumber="185">Antennae each with 6 segments, but with 1 to several distinct pseudo-articulations in segment III; total length 300–305 (260–285) µm. Clypeolabral shield about 185 (185) µm long. Spiracles: width of peritremes 95–105 (90–118) µm. Legs well developed, each with a small tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis; each claw without a denticle; claw digitules both broad and slightly shorter than tarsal digitules; dimensions of prothoracic legs (µm): coxa 108 (115–120); trochanter + femur 170 (165–170), tibia 108 (100–105), tarsus 75 (65–70), and claw 22 (22).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF32F8A5FF4AF882B89AE5A4" lastPageId="185" lastPageNumber="186" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF32F8A4FF4AF882B8E9E2F9" blockId="184.[151,1437,151,2034]" pageId="184" pageNumber="185">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF32F8A4FF4AF882BA6FE231" box="[199,332,1866,1891]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF32F8A4FF4AF882BA66E230" bold="true" box="[199,325,1866,1891]" pageId="184" pageNumber="185">Discussion</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF32F8A4FED5F883B938E230" box="[344,539,1867,1891]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrilineatus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF32F8A4FED5F883B938E230" box="[344,539,1867,1891]" italics="true" pageId="184" pageNumber="185">C. quadrilineatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is very similar to
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF32F8A4FD69F883B866E230" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[740,837,1867,1891]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elaeis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF32F8A4FD69F883B866E230" box="[740,837,1867,1891]" italics="true" pageId="184" pageNumber="185">C. elaeis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF32F8A4FCF7F883B8ECE230" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[890,975,1867,1891]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mori">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF32F8A4FCF7F883B8ECE230" box="[890,975,1867,1891]" italics="true" pageId="184" pageNumber="185">C. mori</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, both described as new above, but differs from
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF32F8A4FF59F8A7BA17E2D4" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[212,308,1903,1927]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="elaeis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF32F8A4FF59F8A7BA17E2D4" box="[212,308,1903,1927]" italics="true" pageId="184" pageNumber="185">C. elaeis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having loculate microducts with 3 satellite loculi frequent in wax-plate lines (absent) and it differs from
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF32F8A4FF59F85BBA09E2F9" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[212,298,1939,1963]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mori">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF32F8A4FF59F85BBA09E2F9" box="[212,298,1939,1963]" italics="true" pageId="184" pageNumber="185">C. mori</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having about twice as many stigmatic setae in each cleft.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF32F8A5FF4AF87FB89AE5A4" blockId="184.[151,1437,151,2034]" lastBlockId="185.[151,1436,151,247]" lastPageId="185" lastPageNumber="186" pageId="184" pageNumber="185">
Because
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF32F8A4FEA3F87EBAA5E29D" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[302,390,1974,1998]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mori">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF32F8A4FEA3F87EBAA5E29D" box="[302,390,1974,1998]" italics="true" pageId="184" pageNumber="185">C. mori</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was misidentified as
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF32F8A4FD09F87EB868E29D" box="[644,843,1974,1998]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrilineatus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF32F8A4FD09F87EB868E29D" box="[644,843,1974,1998]" italics="true" pageId="184" pageNumber="185">C. quadrilineatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(see under that species above), it is not clear as to which species the other records in
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF32F8A4FDA4F812B9CCE2A1" author="Hodgson, C. J." box="[553,751,2010,2034]" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" pagination="1 - 43" refId="ref185928" refString="Hodgson, C. J. (1969 a) Notes on Rhodesian Coccidae (Homoptera: Coccidea). Part. II: The genera Ceroplastes and Gascardia. Arnoldia (Rhodesia) 4, 1 - 43." type="journal article" year="1969">Hodgson (1969a)</bibRefCitation>
refer. However, as
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF32F8A4FC50F812BF80E2A1" box="[989,1187,2010,2034]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="184" pageNumber="185" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrilineatus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF32F8A4FC50F812BF80E2A1" box="[989,1187,2010,2034]" italics="true" pageId="184" pageNumber="185">C. quadrilineatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was only noted from
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF33F8A5FF1AFF5FBBCDE5FC" box="[151,238,151,175]" name="Uganda" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">Uganda</collectingCountry>
in this study, it is likely that the records from
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF33F8A5FD78FF5FB84EE5FC" box="[757,877,151,175]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
refer to
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF33F8A5FC40FF50BF00E5FC" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[973,1059,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mori">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF33F8A5FC40FF50BF00E5FC" box="[973,1059,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">C. mori</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. On this basis,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF33F8A5FB55FF50BEBFE5E3" box="[1240,1436,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrilineatus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF33F8A5FB55FF50BEBFE5E3" box="[1240,1436,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">C. quadrilineatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is only known on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF33F8A5FED0FF74B95DE580" box="[349,638,187,212]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Annona" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF33F8A5FED0FF74BA97E587" box="[349,436,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">Annona</emphasis>
sp. (Annonaceae)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF33F8A5FD3EFF74B8BCE580" box="[691,927,187,211]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF33F8A5FD3EFF74B9D2E580" box="[691,753,188,211]" italics="true" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">Ficus</emphasis>
sp. (Moraceae)
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF33F8A5FC6CFF73BF18E580" box="[993,1083,187,211]" name="Uganda" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">Uganda</collectingCountry>
. The records in
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF33F8A5FB7EFF73BBC2E5A4" author="Couturier, G. &amp; Matile-Ferrero, D. &amp; Richard, C." pageId="185" pageNumber="186" pagination="273 - 286" refId="ref184008" refString="Couturier, G., Matile-Ferrero, D. &amp; Richard, C. (1985) Sur les cochenilles de la region de Tai (Cote d'Ivoire), recensees dans les cultures et en foret dense (Homoptera, Coccoidea). Revue Francaise d'Entomologie (N. S.) 7 (5), 273 - 286." type="journal article" year="1985">
Couturier
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF33F8A5FAE9FF74BEBFE587" box="[1380,1436,188,212]" italics="true" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">et al.</emphasis>
(1985)
</bibRefCitation>
from
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF33F8A5FEABFF17BA98E5A4" box="[294,443,223,247]" name="Ivory Coast" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">Côte d’Ivoire</collectingCountry>
refer to
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF33F8A5FD91FF17B81AE5A4" authority="Newstead" authorityName="Newstead" box="[540,825,223,247]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="185" pageNumber="186" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="theobromae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF33F8A5FD91FF17B9E2E5A4" box="[540,705,223,247]" italics="true" pageId="185" pageNumber="186">C. theobromae</emphasis>
Newstead
</taxonomicName>
, see below.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF4EF8D8FF1AFF5FBAE8E5E2" ID-CoL="87NP" authority="DE LOTTO" authorityName="DE LOTTO" box="[151,459,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Waxiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF4EF8D8FF1AFF5FBA0FE5E2" bold="true" box="[151,300,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">WAXIELLA</emphasis>
DE LOTTO
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
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<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FF4EF8D8FF1AFF17BAE6E5A7" author="De Lotto, G." box="[151,453,222,245]" page="148" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" year="1971">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF4EF8D8FF1AFF17BAE6E5A7" ID-CoL="87NP" authority="De Lotto, 1971: 148" authorityName="De Lotto" authorityPageNumber="148" authorityYear="1971" box="[151,453,222,245]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Waxiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF4EF8D8FF1AFF17BBCCE5A6" box="[151,239,223,245]" italics="true" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">Waxiella</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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.
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<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF4EF8D8FF1AFF35BA70E440" ID-CoL="87NP" authority="De Lotto" authorityName="De Lotto" box="[151,339,253,275]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Waxiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF4EF8D8FF1AFF35BBCCE440" box="[151,239,253,275]" italics="true" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">Waxiella</emphasis>
De Lotto
</taxonomicName>
;
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF4EF8D8FED0FF36B927E440" author="De Lotto, G." box="[349,516,253,275]" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" pagination="133 - 153" refId="ref184491" refString="De Lotto, G. (1971) On some genera and species of wax scales (Homoptera: Coccidae). Journal of Natural History 5, 133 - 153." type="journal article" year="1971">De Lotto (1971)</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF4EF8D8FD82FF36B99BE440" author="Ben-Dov, Y." box="[527,696,253,275]" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" pagination="165 - 174" refId="ref183087" refString="Ben-Dov, Y. (1986) Taxonomy of two described and one new species of Waxiella De Lotto (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae). Systematic Entomology 11, 165 - 174." type="journal article" year="1986">Ben-Dov (1986)</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF4EF8D8FD4FFF35B848E440" author="Hodgson, C. J." box="[706,875,253,275]" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" refId="ref186001" refString="Hodgson, C. J. (1994) The Scale Insect Family Coccidae: an identification manual to genera. CAB International, Wallingford, Oxon, U. K., 639 p." type="book" year="1994">Hodgson (1994)</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF4EF8D8FF1AFE88B8CFE404" box="[151,1004,319,344]" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" type="type_taxon">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF4EF8D8FF1AFE88B8CFE404" blockId="196.[151,1004,319,344]" box="[151,1004,319,344]" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF4EF8D8FF1AFE88BA09E40B" bold="true" box="[151,298,319,344]" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF4EF8D8FF1AFE88BBF2E40B" box="[151,209,320,344]" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">Type</typeStatus>
species
</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF4EF8D8FEB7FE88B9F4E404" ID-CoL="T45N" authority="Newstead" authorityName="Newstead" authorityYear="1917" box="[314,727,319,344]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="196" pageNumber="197" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subdenudatus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF4EF8D8FEB7FE88B97CE40B" box="[314,607,320,344]" italics="true" pageId="196" pageNumber="197">Ceroplastes subdenudatus</emphasis>
Newstead
</taxonomicName>
, by original designation.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

313
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<paragraph id="B3003682FF57F8C1FF1AF8FCB90AE21E" blockId="221.[151,553,1843,1902]" box="[151,553,1843,1870]" pageId="221" pageNumber="222">
<heading id="E84881EEFF57F8C1FF1AF8FCB90AE21E" bold="true" box="[151,553,1843,1870]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="221" pageNumber="222" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF57F8C1FF1AF8FCB90AE21E" ID-CoL="7FTW5" authority="(Marchal), 1909" baseAuthorityName="Marchal" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[151,553,1843,1870]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Waxiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="221" pageNumber="222" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vuilleti">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF57F8C1FF1AF8FCB90AE21E" bold="true" box="[151,553,1843,1870]" pageId="221" pageNumber="222">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF57F8C1FF1AF8FCBA79E21D" bold="true" box="[151,346,1844,1870]" italics="true" pageId="221" pageNumber="222">Waxiella vuilleti</emphasis>
(Marchal), 1909
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF57F8C1FF1AF89EBAF6E23D" box="[151,469,1878,1902]" pageId="221" pageNumber="222" type="description">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF57F8C1FF1AF89EBAF6E23D" blockId="221.[151,553,1843,1902]" box="[151,469,1878,1902]" pageId="221" pageNumber="222">
(
<figureCitation id="2B842A07FF57F8C1FF12F89EBBD5E23D" box="[159,246,1878,1902]" captionStart="FIGURE 93" captionStartId="204.[151,244,1543,1564]" captionTargetBox="[225,1362,185,1518]" captionTargetId="figure-225@204.[194,1393,157,1543]" captionTargetPageId="204" captionText="FIGURE 93. Diagrams showing “typical” stigmatic clefts of two mature adult female Waxiella species showing approximate shape of each group of stigmatic setae, degree of sclerotisation around each group and the arrangement and density of the conical and spinose setae. Data on right-hand figures refer to number of conical setae across base of each group, number of conical setae across greatest width of each group and number of conical setae around circumference on dorsum, and where A = W. mimosae (Signoret) and B = W. vuilleti (Marchal)." pageId="221" pageNumber="222">Figs 93</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2B842A07FF57F8C1FE8CF89EBA0DE23D" box="[257,302,1878,1902]" captionStart="FIGURE 100" captionStartId="223.[151,244,1861,1882]" captionTargetBox="[174,1427,191,1839]" captionTargetId="figure-139@223.[151,1436,125,1867]" captionTargetPageId="223" captionText="FIGURE 100. W. vuilleti (Marchal), mature female. Lectotype. For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Note: (i) dorsal loculate pores of complex-type; (ii) dorsal setae spinose, long and sharply pointed; (iii) each stigmatic cleft with groups of both spinose and conical stigmatic setae; (iv) stigmatic areas extremely large (subequal to size of caudal process) and sclerotised, each area of sclerotisation only slightly wider than group of conical setae; (v) each group of conical setae approximately round; (vi) each cleft broad at base and not constricted laterally; (vii) anterior margin of head heavily sclerotised; (viii) ventral tubular ducts extremely abundant anteriorly but not detected posteriorly; (ix) multilocular disc-pores frequent to abundant on all abdominal segments, and (x) antennae 8 segmented." pageId="221" pageNumber="222">100</figureCitation>
; Map fig. 105)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF57F8C1FF1AF857B9ABE280" pageId="221" pageNumber="222" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF57F8C1FF1AF857B98DE2E7" blockId="221.[151,686,1950,2003]" box="[151,686,1950,1973]" pageId="221" pageNumber="222">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFF57F8C1FF1AF857B98DE2E7" box="[151,686,1950,1973]" pageId="221" pageNumber="222">
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FF57F8C1FF1AF857B909E2E7" author="Marchal, P." box="[151,554,1950,1973]" page="68" pageId="221" pageNumber="222" year="1909">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF57F8C1FF1AF857B909E2E7" ID-CoL="T46C" authority="Marchal, 1909 a: 68" authorityName="Marchal" authorityPageNumber="68" authorityYear="1909" box="[151,554,1950,1973]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="221" pageNumber="222" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vuilleti">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF57F8C1FF1AF857BA78E2E6" box="[151,347,1951,1973]" italics="true" pageId="221" pageNumber="222">Ceroplastes vuilleti</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF57F8C1FEEFF856B909E2E7" author="Marchal, P." box="[354,554,1950,1972]" pageId="221" pageNumber="222" pagination="68 - 69" refId="ref187004" refString="Marchal, P. (1909 a) Cochenilles nouvelles de l'Afrique occidentale. (In French). Bulletin de la Societe Zoologique de France 34, 68 - 69." type="journal article" year="1909">Marchal, 1909a: 68</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FF57F8C1FDB9F856B989E2E7" author="Marchal, P." box="[564,682,1950,1972]" page="165" pageId="221" pageNumber="222" year="1909">
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF57F8C1FDB9F856B989E2E7" author="Marchal, P." box="[564,682,1950,1972]" pageId="221" pageNumber="222" pagination="165 - 182" refId="ref187036" refString="Marchal, P. (1909 b) Contribution a l'etude des coccides de l'Afrique occidentale. (In French). Memoires de la Societe Zoologique de France 22: 165 - 182." type="journal article" year="1909">1909b: 165</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF57F8C1FF1AF875B9ABE280" blockId="221.[151,686,1950,2003]" box="[151,648,1981,2003]" pageId="221" pageNumber="222">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFF57F8C1FF1AF875B9ABE280" box="[151,648,1981,2003]" pageId="221" pageNumber="222">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF57F8C1FF1AF875BA8AE280" ID-CoL="7FTW5" authority="(Marchal)" baseAuthorityName="Marchal" baseAuthorityYear="1909" box="[151,425,1981,2003]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Waxiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="221" pageNumber="222" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vuilleti">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF57F8C1FF1AF875BA18E280" box="[151,315,1981,2003]" italics="true" pageId="221" pageNumber="222">Waxiella vuilleti</emphasis>
(Marchal)
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FF57F8C1FE3EF876B9A7E280" author="De Lotto, G." box="[435,644,1981,2003]" page="148" pageId="221" pageNumber="222" year="1971">
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF57F8C1FE3EF876B9A7E280" author="De Lotto, G." box="[435,644,1981,2003]" pageId="221" pageNumber="222" pagination="133 - 153" refId="ref184491" refString="De Lotto, G. (1971) On some genera and species of wax scales (Homoptera: Coccidae). Journal of Natural History 5, 133 - 153." type="journal article" year="1971">De Lotto, 1971: 148</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF54F8FCFF1AFF5FB937E437" lastPageId="224" lastPageNumber="225" pageId="222" pageNumber="223" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF54F8C2FF1AFF5FB84FE4D7" blockId="222.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="222" pageNumber="223">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF54F8C2FF1AFF5FB92BE5E3" bold="true" box="[151,520,151,176]" pageId="222" pageNumber="223">
Material examined:
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF54F8C2FE1FFF50B92BE5E3" box="[402,520,152,176]" pageId="222" pageNumber="223" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFF54F8C2FD99FF50B90AE5FC" box="[532,553,152,175]" pageId="222" pageNumber="223" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF54F8C2FDB8FF5FB8A2E5E3" bold="true" box="[565,897,151,176]" pageId="222" pageNumber="223">
(here designated):
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF54F8C2FC91FF5FB85FE5E3" box="[796,892,151,176]" name="Senegal" pageId="222" pageNumber="223">Senegal</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
left label:
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF54F8C2FB8AFF5FBFA9E5FC" box="[1031,1162,151,175]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="222" pageNumber="223" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ceroplastes</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF54F8C2FB18FF50BFBEE5E3" box="[1173,1181,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="222" pageNumber="223">/</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF54F8C2FB24FF5FBE42E5FC" authority="Marchal" authorityName="Marchal" box="[1193,1377,151,175]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Waxiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="222" pageNumber="223" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vuilleti">vuilleti Marchal</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF54F8C2FAE1FF5FBE57E5E3" bold="true" box="[1388,1396,151,176]" pageId="222" pageNumber="223">/</emphasis>
on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF54F8C2FF1AFF73BA46E580" authorityName="Benth. ex Baker" authorityYear="1871" box="[151,357,187,211]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Ormosia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="222" pageNumber="223" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laxiflora">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF54F8C2FF1AFF73BA46E580" box="[151,357,187,211]" italics="true" pageId="222" pageNumber="223">Ormosia laxiflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(looks like
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF54F8C2FE74FF73B97AE580" box="[505,601,187,211]" italics="true" pageId="222" pageNumber="223">laviflora</emphasis>
) / Badingo (Mt. Senegal):
<date id="C7011042FF54F8C2FC2DFF73BF24E580" box="[928,1031,187,211]" bridgedPair="/" pageId="222" pageNumber="223" value="1907-01">1907 / I.</date>
Vuillet, coll. “co-type” (in red) // mounted by G. De Lotto, 1957; right label (in ink on glass):
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF54F8C2FCBCFF17BF29E5A4" authorityName="Marchal" authorityYear="1909" box="[817,1034,223,247]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="222" pageNumber="223" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vuilleti">Ceroplastes vuilleti</taxonomicName>
/ Marchal, 1909 /
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF54F8C2FB5BFF17BE11E5A4" box="[1238,1330,223,247]" pageId="222" pageNumber="223" type="syntype">Syntype</typeStatus>
/ MNHN 5304-1 (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FF54F8C2FF78FECABA71E449" box="[245,338,258,282]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="222" pageNumber="223">MNHN</collectionCode>
): 1/1 (good). Also a specimen in poor condition mounted on a wooden slide, labelled
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF54F8C2FA9AFECABA6EE46D" authority="Marchal" authorityName="Marchal" authorityYear="1909" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="222" pageNumber="223" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vuilleti">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF54F8C2FA9AFECABBC6E46D" italics="true" pageId="222" pageNumber="223">Ceroplastes vuilleti</emphasis>
Marchal
</taxonomicName>
, sur kolo kolo (petit arbre de la f. de Leguminosae), Mt Senegal,
<date id="C7011042FF54F8C2FBB3FEEEBFFFE46D" box="[1086,1244,294,318]" pageId="222" pageNumber="223" value="1907-10">Octobre 1907</date>
, Vuillet (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FF54F8C2FAC9FEEEBEB8E46D" box="[1348,1435,294,318]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="222" pageNumber="223">MNHN</collectionCode>
No. 5304-3). (Marchal (1909) adds the following data: kolo kolo =
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF54F8C2FC2AFE81BF5FE432" box="[935,1148,329,353]" italics="true" pageId="222" pageNumber="223">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF54F8C2FC2AFE81BF56E432" authorityName="Benth. ex Baker" authorityYear="1871" box="[935,1141,329,353]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Ormosia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="222" pageNumber="223" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laxiflora">Ormosia laxiflora</taxonomicName>
;
</emphasis>
Badinko (cercle de Kita, chemin de fer de Kayes au Niger), Haut Sénégal,
<date id="C7011042FF54F8C2FD4EFEA4B843E4D7" box="[707,864,364,388]" pageId="222" pageNumber="223" value="1907-10">Octobre 1907</date>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF54F8C2FF4AFE58BA85E498" blockId="222.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="222" pageNumber="223">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF54F8C2FF4AFE58BBDCE4FB" bold="true" box="[199,255,400,424]" pageId="222" pageNumber="223">Note</emphasis>
. The following description has been made almost entirely from the
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF54F8C2FBA9FE58BFA8E4FB" box="[1060,1163,400,424]" pageId="222" pageNumber="223" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
slide remounted by De Lotto. See also
<tableCitation id="FE3D0339FF54F8C2FEC1FE7BBA82E498" box="[332,417,435,459]" captionStart="TABLE 8" captionStartId="210.[151,239,875,899]" captionText="TABLE 8. Comparison of some data for Waxiella egbarum, W. mimosae and W. vuilleti." pageId="222" pageNumber="223">Table 8</tableCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF54F8C2FF4AFE1FBA84E602" blockId="222.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="222" pageNumber="223">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF54F8C2FF4AFE1FBAEBE4BC" box="[199,456,470,495]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="222" pageNumber="223" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF54F8C2FF4AFE1FBAE2E4BC" bold="true" box="[199,449,470,495]" pageId="222" pageNumber="223">Unmounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
“The waxy test of this magnificent species averages
<quantity id="74479B67FF54F8C2FBC5FE1FBFBEE4BC" box="[1096,1181,471,495]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" pageId="222" pageNumber="223" unit="mm" value="22.0">22 mm</quantity>
long by
<quantity id="74479B67FF54F8C2FA85FE1FBE75E4BC" box="[1288,1366,471,495]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" pageId="222" pageNumber="223" unit="mm" value="17.0">17 mm</quantity>
wide; height
<quantity id="74479B67FF54F8C2FF69FE32BA60E741" box="[228,323,506,530]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="222" pageNumber="223" unit="mm" value="8.5" valueMax="9.0" valueMin="8.0">8–9 mm</quantity>
, but
<quantity id="74479B67FF54F8C2FEF7FE32BAD0E741" box="[378,499,506,530]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.6" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="222" pageNumber="223" unit="mm" value="16.0" valueMax="17.0" valueMin="15.0">15–17 mm</quantity>
when the depth of the wax extending down on each side of the branch is included. The wax test is extremely thick (
<quantity id="74479B67FF54F8C2FD8EFDD6B947E765" box="[515,612,542,566]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="222" pageNumber="223" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="6.0">6–7 mm</quantity>
), soft and easily depressed; colour white washed with rusty shades. When damaged, a colorless liquid is released with a characteristic odour. The wax test showed no indications of the structure of the underlying insect, which was quite small compared with the thickness of the test, averaging
<quantity id="74479B67FF54F8C2FF1AFD40BBF4E7F3" box="[151,215,648,672]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="222" pageNumber="223" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="74479B67FF54F8C2FE93FD40BA59E7F3" box="[286,378,648,672]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="222" pageNumber="223" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4–5 mm</quantity>
wide and
<quantity id="74479B67FF54F8C2FE62FD40B90DE7F3" box="[495,558,648,672]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="222" pageNumber="223" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 mm</quantity>
high. The insect was basically brown and hexagonally shaped. On either side, there are 2 lateral angles corresponding to the ends of spiracular furrows. From each of these angles emerges a straight line of clear white waxy filaments, quite different from the greyish-white wax of the test. Mid-dorsally, there is a longitudinal peak, ending abruptly anteriorly and slanting down posteriorly. Posteriorly is the anal process, truncated apically and strongly protruding, slightly tilted forward”. (Much shortened, rather free translation of
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF54F8C2FF39FCF1BAB8E602" author="Marchal, P." box="[180,411,825,849]" pageId="222" pageNumber="223" pagination="165 - 182" refId="ref187036" refString="Marchal, P. (1909 b) Contribution a l'etude des coccides de l'Afrique occidentale. (In French). Memoires de la Societe Zoologique de France 22: 165 - 182." type="journal article" year="1909">Marchal, 1909b: 165</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF54F8C2FF4AFC95BEADE1A8" blockId="222.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="222" pageNumber="223">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF54F8C2FF4AFC95BA0DE626" box="[199,302,861,885]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="222" pageNumber="223" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF54F8C2FF4AFC95BA04E626" bold="true" box="[199,295,861,885]" pageId="222" pageNumber="223">Dorsum</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Good specimen mature,
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long, 4.0 mm wide. Derm membranous except for: (i) heavilysclerotised caudal process; (ii) lightly-sclerotised centres of each lateral and cephalic clear area, and (iii) a large oval, quite heavy area of sclerotisation in each stigmatic area, clearly larger than area of stigmatic setae but margin outside area of conical setae narrow; body margin not sclerotised. Derm probably with seven clear areas (that medially on dorsum apparently absent); no simple pores or dorsal setae noted in clear areas. Dorsal setae each quite long and sharply spinose, mainly straight, quite sharply pointed and narrowing slightly towards base; each 16–20 µm long; basal socket slightly wider than base of seta, each socket 6.5–7.0 µm wide; present sparsely throughout except in clear areas. Dorsal pores: loculate microducts of complex
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF54F8C2FBACFB9EBF77E13D" box="[1057,1108,1110,1134]" pageId="222" pageNumber="223">type</typeStatus>
, each 6–8 µm wide with 2–5 satellite loculi, with outer borders of pores broadly sclerotised; each pore with a very long inner filament, up to at least 130–140 µm long; simple microducts not detected. Preopercular pores: perhaps 20 present in a transverse band 2 or 3 pores wide. Anal plates each with only 1 basal socket for a large setae clearly visible on posterior half although plates heavily sclerotised; length of each plate 175 µm, width of both plates uncertain but about 155 µm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF54F8C2FF4AFACEBF75E3D2" blockId="222.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="222" pageNumber="223">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF54F8C2FF4AFACEBA0BE04D" box="[199,296,1286,1311]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="222" pageNumber="223" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF54F8C2FF4AFACEBA02E04C" bold="true" box="[199,289,1286,1311]" pageId="222" pageNumber="223">Margin</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Marginal setae strongly spinose, very similar to dorsal setae but perhaps slightly shorter and more curved, each 15–17 µm long; because of similarity to dorsal setae, frequency unknown; each anal lobe with 1 or 2 long setae, longest about 45 µm long. Stigmatic clefts fairly shallow, each with
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFF54F8C2FBCCFA86BFB7E035" box="[1089,1172,1358,1382]" pageId="222" pageNumber="223" type="generic" typeStatus="types">2 types</specimenCount>
of stigmatic setae; (a) sharply-spinose setae on ventral surface associated with spiracular disc-pores, each 20–35 µm long, 8–10 µm wide at base; with about
<quantity id="74479B67FF54F8C2FEF7FA5CBAC3E0FF" box="[378,480,1428,1452]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3969999999999998" metricValueMax="1.778" metricValueMin="1.016" pageId="222" pageNumber="223" unit="in" value="55.0" valueMax="70.0" valueMin="40.0">40–70 in</quantity>
each cleft; and (b) roundly conical setae present in a large sclerotised oval to eggshaped area on dorsum (on available specimens, each group 625–825 wide and 825–1000 µm long); each cleft with about 400–500 conical setae; each group with 12–14 conical setae along basal margin, 60–70 conical setae around dorsal margin and with 31–35 conical setae across widest part of group (towards base of each group whereas widest part on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF54F8C2FECCF9EBBA97E368" box="[321,436,1571,1595]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Waxiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="222" pageNumber="223" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="egbara">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF54F8C2FECCF9EBBA97E368" box="[321,436,1571,1595]" italics="true" pageId="222" pageNumber="223">W. egbara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
more dorsal); most conical setae about 10–15 µm long and about 8–9 µm wide at base, but generally with 1 larger, up to about 16 µm wide, placed rather centrally; sclerotised area of each group subequal to area of caudal process. Eyespots visible on 1 side only, width of lens about 40 µm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF54F8C2FF4AF945BFDBE2B7" blockId="222.[151,1437,151,2021]" pageId="222" pageNumber="223">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF54F8C2FF4AF945BA3FE3F7" box="[199,284,1677,1701]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="222" pageNumber="223" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF54F8C2FF4AF945BA36E3F6" bold="true" box="[199,277,1677,1701]" pageId="222" pageNumber="223">Venter</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm membranous apart from a heavily sclerotised crescent-shaped area along anterior margin of head. Pregenital disc-pores probably abundant around genital opening (segment VII) and across preceding 2 segments (but hidden under caudal process), plus a group of about 30 medially and 19 mediolaterally in IV, about 16 medially and 9–11 mediolaterally in III, plus 2 mediolaterally in segment II; absent on thorax and head. Spiracular disc-pores in quite narrow bands near spiracle, but about as wide as group of sharply-spinose stigmatic setae near margin, where disc-pores intermingle with spinose stigmatic setae; each band with about 120–150 pores; with a few disc-pores also extending medially past peritremes. Ventral microducts showing nothing distinctive. Ventral tubular ducts, each perhaps without an inner ductule, present in a group of probably about
<quantity id="74479B67FF54F8C2FB7DF84DBE14E2CE" box="[1264,1335,1925,1949]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.08" pageId="222" pageNumber="223" unit="in" value="200.0">200 in</quantity>
cephalic area anterior to antennae; none detected on abdomen (but medial areas of segments V–VIII not visible due to overlying caudal process). Submarginal setae setose, each about 18–20 µm long; other setae sparse.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E7C0660AFF55F8C3FF1AF88DBEB3E2BE" pageId="223" pageNumber="224" startId="223.[151,244,1861,1882]" targetBox="[174,1427,191,1839]" targetPageId="223">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF55F8C3FF1AF88DBEB3E2BE" blockId="223.[151,1436,1861,2029]" pageId="223" pageNumber="224">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF55F8C3FF1AF88DBA07E209" bold="true" box="[151,292,1861,1882]" pageId="223" pageNumber="224">FIGURE 100.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF55F8C3FEA1F88DBAD5E209" authority="(Marchal)" baseAuthorityName="Marchal" box="[300,502,1861,1882]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="223" pageNumber="224" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vuilleti">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF55F8C3FEA1F88DBAAEE209" box="[300,397,1861,1882]" italics="true" pageId="223" pageNumber="224">W. vuilleti</emphasis>
(Marchal)
</taxonomicName>
, mature female. Lectotype. For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Note: (i) dorsal loculate pores of complex-type; (ii) dorsal setae spinose, long and sharply pointed; (iii) each stigmatic cleft with groups of both spinose and conical stigmatic setae; (iv) stigmatic areas extremely large (subequal to size of caudal process) and sclerotised, each area of sclerotisation only slightly wider than group of conical setae; (v) each group of conical setae approximately round; (vi) each cleft broad at base and not constricted laterally; (vii) anterior margin of head heavily sclerotised; (viii) ventral tubular ducts extremely abundant anteriorly but not detected posteriorly; (ix) multilocular disc-pores frequent to abundant on all abdominal segments, and (x) antennae 8 segmented.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF6AF8FCFF4AFF5FB937E437" blockId="224.[151,1436,151,1040]" pageId="224" pageNumber="225">Antennae each 8 segmented, each segment distinct; total length 540 µm. Clypeolabral shield about 275–285 µm long. Spiracles: width of anterior peritremes 145–165 µm; posterior 165–185 µm. Legs well developed, each with a strong tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis; each claw without a denticle; claw digitules both very broad and subequal to or slightly shorter than tarsal digitules; dimensions of metathoracic legs (µm): coxa 240–245; trochanter + femur 255–285, tibia 220–230, and tarsus 100–110; claw 45–48; setal distribution uncertain but perhaps with 9 setae on metatibia.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF6AF8FCFF4AFEA7BAC3E143" pageId="224" pageNumber="225" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF6AF8FCFF4AFEA7B9ACE7F4" blockId="224.[151,1436,151,1040]" pageId="224" pageNumber="225">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF6AF8FCFF4AFEA7BA6FE4D4" box="[199,332,367,392]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="224" pageNumber="225" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF6AF8FCFF4AFEA7BA66E4DB" bold="true" box="[199,325,367,392]" pageId="224" pageNumber="225">Discussion</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
The adult females of
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF6AF8FCFDC9FEB8B9D9E4DB" box="[580,762,368,392]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Waxiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="224" pageNumber="225" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vuilleti">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF6AF8FCFDC9FEB8B9D9E4DB" box="[580,762,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="224" pageNumber="225">Waxiella vuilleti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are extremely similar to those of
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF6AF8FCFBE2FEB9BFC2E4DB" box="[1135,1249,368,392]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Waxiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="224" pageNumber="225" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="egbara">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF6AF8FCFBE2FEB9BFC2E4DB" box="[1135,1249,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="224" pageNumber="225">W. egbara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF6AF8FCFA9BFEB9BEB8E4D4" authorityName="Lindinger" authorityYear="1912" baseAuthorityName="Signoret" box="[1302,1435,368,392]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Waxiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="224" pageNumber="225" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mimosae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF6AF8FCFA9BFEB9BEB8E4D4" box="[1302,1435,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="224" pageNumber="225">W. mimosae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but differ mainly in the much larger number of tubular ducts in the cephalic region (about 200 as compared with less than 100 on the other 2 species) and the very large size of each group of stigmatic setae (as large as or even larger than the sclerotised area of the caudal process – smaller on the other 2 species). On
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF6AF8FCFB08FE15BFD5E4A7" box="[1157,1270,476,500]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Waxiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="224" pageNumber="225" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vuilleti">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF6AF8FCFB08FE15BFD5E4A7" box="[1157,1270,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="224" pageNumber="225">W. vuilleti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, each group of conical stigmatic setae is roundly oval to egg-shaped (widest towards base of each group) with a very broad base; each group with about 12–15 conical setae across the basal width, about 60–70 conical setae around dorsal margin and some 30+ conical setae across the greatest width. In addition, the sharply-spinose stigmatic setae form a fairly narrow group across each stigmatic cleft, with 40+ setae in each group (
<tableCitation id="FE3D0339FF6AF8FCFC6EFDA4BF1DE7D7" box="[995,1086,620,644]" captionStart="TABLE 8" captionStartId="210.[151,239,875,899]" captionText="TABLE 8. Comparison of some data for Waxiella egbarum, W. mimosae and W. vuilleti." pageId="224" pageNumber="225">Table 8</tableCitation>
). All of these parameters are significantly greater than on most
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF6AF8FCFD9BFD59B9ABE7FB" box="[534,648,656,680]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Waxiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="224" pageNumber="225" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="egbara">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF6AF8FCFD9BFD59B9ABE7FB" box="[534,648,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="224" pageNumber="225">W. egbara</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF6AF8FCFF4AFD7CBFD8E664" blockId="224.[151,1436,151,1040]" pageId="224" pageNumber="225">
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF6AF8FCFF4AFD7CBAF4E79F" author="Qin, T. K. &amp; Gullan, P. J." box="[199,471,692,716]" pageId="224" pageNumber="225" pagination="289 - 308" refId="ref188017" refString="Qin, T. K. &amp; Gullan, P. J. (1995) A cladistic analysis of wax scales. Systematic Entomology 20, 289 - 308." type="journal article" year="1995">Qin and Gullan (1995)</bibRefCitation>
, in their morphological cladistic study of the wax scales insects, found only one difference in the characters scored between
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF6AF8FCFD1EFD11B824E7A3" box="[659,775,728,752]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Waxiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="224" pageNumber="225" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vuilleti">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF6AF8FCFD1EFD11B824E7A3" box="[659,775,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="224" pageNumber="225">W. vuilleti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF6AF8FCFCCEFD11B8EBE7A3" box="[835,968,728,752]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Parkia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="224" pageNumber="225" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="africana">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF6AF8FCFCCEFD11B8EBE7A3" box="[835,968,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="224" pageNumber="225">W. africana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF6AF8FCFC54FD11BF41E7BC" authorityName="Lindinger" authorityYear="1912" baseAuthorityName="Signoret" box="[985,1122,728,752]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Waxiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="224" pageNumber="225" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mimosae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF6AF8FCFC54FD11BF41E7BC" box="[985,1122,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="224" pageNumber="225">W. mimosae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF6AF8FCFB13FD11BE07E7A3" box="[1182,1316,728,752]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="224" pageNumber="225" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ugandae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF6AF8FCFB13FD11BE07E7A3" box="[1182,1316,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="224" pageNumber="225">W. ugandae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The last species is here considered to be a synonym of
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF6AF8FCFD37FD35B81AE647" box="[698,825,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="224" pageNumber="225">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF6AF8FCFD37FD35B815E647" box="[698,822,764,788]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Waxiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="224" pageNumber="225" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="egbara">W. egbara</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
All 4 species are accepted here as good species, as discussed under each species above and differ from
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF6AF8FCFD50FCE9B86DE66B" box="[733,846,800,824]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Waxiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="224" pageNumber="225" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vuilleti">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF6AF8FCFD50FCE9B86DE66B" box="[733,846,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="224" pageNumber="225">W. vuilleti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as outlined in the previous paragraph.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF6AF8FCFF4AFC8CBF49E608" blockId="224.[151,1436,151,1040]" box="[199,1130,836,860]" pageId="224" pageNumber="225">
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF6AF8FCFF4AFC8CBAA0E60F" author="Marchal, P." box="[199,387,836,860]" pageId="224" pageNumber="225" pagination="165 - 182" refId="ref187036" refString="Marchal, P. (1909 b) Contribution a l'etude des coccides de l'Afrique occidentale. (In French). Memoires de la Societe Zoologique de France 22: 165 - 182." type="journal article" year="1909">Marchal (1909b)</bibRefCitation>
states that some specimens appear to have 9-segmented antennae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF6AF8FCFF4AFCAFBAC3E143" blockId="224.[151,1436,151,1040]" pageId="224" pageNumber="225">
There are 2 poor slides of some specimens on pigeon pea in
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF6AF8FCFCEAFCAFB89AE62C" box="[871,953,871,895]" name="Nigeria" pageId="224" pageNumber="225">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
in the BMNH labelled
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF6AF8FCFB32FCA1BE0EE6D3" box="[1215,1325,872,896]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Waxiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="224" pageNumber="225" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vuilleti">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF6AF8FCFB32FCA1BE0EE6D3" box="[1215,1325,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="224" pageNumber="225">W. vuilleti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and these were mentioned by
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF6AF8FCFEF8FC44B915E6F7" author="Newstead, R." box="[373,566,908,932]" pageId="224" pageNumber="225" pagination="1 - 34" refId="ref187846" refString="Newstead, R. (1917) Observations on scale-insects (Coccidae) IV. Bulletin of Entomological Research 8, 1 - 34." type="journal article" year="1917">Newstead (1917)</bibRefCitation>
. Although they do have large groups of stigmatic setae, the groups are much smaller than the area of the caudal process and the number of tubular ducts in the head is less than 100 and so these specimens are here considered to be
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF6AF8FCFDA4FC1DB983E6BF" box="[553,672,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="224" pageNumber="225">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF6AF8FCFDA4FC1DB9BFE6BF" box="[553,668,980,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Waxiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="224" pageNumber="225" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="egbara">W. egbara</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
On this basis,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF6AF8FCFCC4FC1DB895E6BF" box="[841,950,980,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Waxiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="224" pageNumber="225" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vuilleti">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF6AF8FCFCC4FC1DB895E6BF" box="[841,950,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="224" pageNumber="225">W. vuilleti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has only been collected once, in
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF6AF8FCFAAEFC1CBE5AE6BF" box="[1315,1401,980,1004]" name="Senegal" pageId="224" pageNumber="225">Senegal</collectingCountry>
on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF6AF8FCFF1AFC30BAFFE143" authorityName="Benth. ex Baker" authorityYear="1871" box="[151,476,1016,1040]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Ormosia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="224" pageNumber="225" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="laxiflora">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF6AF8FCFF1AFC30BA79E143" box="[151,346,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="224" pageNumber="225">Ormosia laxiflora</emphasis>
(Fabaceae)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<document id="DD8E881342088820789A027D751EB6DA" ID-ISSN="1175­5334" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629794286657" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Hodgson, Chris J. &amp; Peronti, Ana L. B. G." docDate="2012" docId="3B168794FF6BF8FFFF1AFE1EB89CE624" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03372p265.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3372" docStyle="DocumentStyle:D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleId="D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Waxiella subdenudata" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="228" masterDocId="C72FFFECFF8AF81CFF8DFFC8BB23E553" masterDocTitle="3372" masterLastPageNumber="265" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="226" updateTime="1699112745853" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:namePart id="04BB401C97A0F660A39BC542AFBC8047">Peronti, Ana L. B. G.</mods:namePart>
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<paragraph id="B3003682FF6BF8FDFF1AFE1EB916E4A3" blockId="225.[151,565,470,529]" box="[151,565,470,496]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">
<heading id="E84881EEFF6BF8FDFF1AFE1EB916E4A3" bold="true" box="[151,565,470,496]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF6BF8FDFF1AFE1EB916E4A3" ID-CoL="5BVGK" authority="(Newstead)" baseAuthorityName="Newstead" baseAuthorityYear="1917" box="[151,565,470,496]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Waxiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subdenudata">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF6BF8FDFF1AFE1EB916E4A3" bold="true" box="[151,565,470,496]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF6BF8FDFF1AFE1EBA82E4A3" bold="true" box="[151,417,470,496]" italics="true" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">Waxiella subdenudata</emphasis>
(Newstead)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF6BF8FDFF1AFE31BA84E742" box="[151,423,505,529]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" type="description">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF6BF8FDFF1AFE31BA84E742" blockId="225.[151,565,470,529]" box="[151,423,505,529]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">
(
<figureCitation id="2B842A07FF6BF8FDFF12FE31BA23E742" box="[159,256,505,529]" captionStart="FIGURE 101" captionStartId="226.[151,244,1878,1899]" captionTargetBox="[180,1404,153,1867]" captionTargetId="figure-107@226.[151,1436,105,1909]" captionTargetPageId="226" captionText="FIGURE 101. W. subdenudata (Newstead), young female Lectotype series. For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes: (i) dorsal loculate pores of complex-type; (ii) dorsal setae short and mainly cylindrical; (iii) marginal setae on head between eyespots short, blunt and spinose; (iv) each stigmatic cleft with groups of both spinose and conical stigmatic setae; (v) stigmatic areas unsclerotised, each with an elongate group of conical setae; (vi) ventral tubular ducts generally entirely absent; (vii) multilocular disc-pores restricted to posterior abdominal segments, and (viii) antennae 7 segmented." pageId="225" pageNumber="226">Fig. 101</figureCitation>
; Map fig. 105)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF6BF8FDFF1AFD89BFBEE7C7" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF6BF8FDFF1AFD89B954E704" blockId="225.[151,1181,577,661]" box="[151,631,577,599]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFF6BF8FDFF1AFD89B954E704" box="[151,631,577,599]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FF6BF8FDFF1AFD89B950E704" author="Newstead, R." box="[151,627,577,599]" page="30" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" year="1917">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF6BF8FDFF1AFD89B950E704" ID-CoL="T45N" authority="Newstead, 1917: 30" authorityName="Newstead" authorityPageNumber="30" authorityYear="1917" box="[151,627,577,599]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subdenudatus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF6BF8FDFF1AFD89BA83E704" box="[151,416,577,599]" italics="true" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">Ceroplastes subdenudatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF6BF8FDFE2AFD89B950E704" author="Newstead, R." box="[423,627,577,599]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" pagination="1 - 34" refId="ref187846" refString="Newstead, R. (1917) Observations on scale-insects (Coccidae) IV. Bulletin of Entomological Research 8, 1 - 34." type="journal article" year="1917">Newstead, 1917: 30</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF6BF8FDFF1AFDA8B9D1E725" blockId="225.[151,1181,577,661]" box="[151,754,608,630]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFF6BF8FDFF1AFDA8B9D1E725" box="[151,754,608,630]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF6BF8FDFF1AFDA8B924E725" ID-CoL="3FBYV" authority="(Newstead)" baseAuthorityName="Newstead" box="[151,519,608,630]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Gascardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subdenudata">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF6BF8FDFF1AFDA8BAABE725" box="[151,392,608,630]" italics="true" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">Gascardia subdenudata</emphasis>
(Newstead)
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FF6BF8FDFD9CFDA8B9CDE725" author="De Lotto, G." box="[529,750,608,630]" page="784" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" year="1967">
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF6BF8FDFD9CFDA8B9CDE725" author="De Lotto, G." box="[529,750,608,630]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" pagination="781 - 810" refId="ref184309" refString="De Lotto, G. (1967 b) The soft scales (Homoptera: Coccidae) of South Africa, i. South African Journal of Agricultural Science 10, 781 - 810." type="journal article" year="1967">De Lotto, 1967b: 784</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF6BF8FDFF1AFDB7BFBEE7C7" blockId="225.[151,1181,577,661]" box="[151,1181,638,661]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFF6BF8FDFF1AFDB7BFBEE7C7" box="[151,1181,638,661]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF6BF8FDFF1AFDB7BAD7E7C7" ID-CoL="5BVGK" authority="(Newstead)" baseAuthorityName="Newstead" baseAuthorityYear="1917" box="[151,500,638,661]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Waxiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subdenudata">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF6BF8FDFF1AFDB7BA55E7C6" box="[151,374,639,661]" italics="true" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">Waxiella subdenudata</emphasis>
(Newstead)
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FF6BF8FDFE73FDB7B9ECE7C7" author="De Lotto, G." box="[510,719,638,660]" page="148" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" year="1971">
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF6BF8FDFE73FDB7B9ECE7C7" author="De Lotto, G." box="[510,719,638,660]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" pagination="133 - 153" refId="ref184491" refString="De Lotto, G. (1971) On some genera and species of wax scales (Homoptera: Coccidae). Journal of Natural History 5, 133 - 153." type="journal article" year="1971">De Lotto, 1971: 148</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FF6BF8FDFD54FDB6B884E7C7" author="Hodgson, C. J." box="[729,935,638,660]" page="604" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" year="1994">
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF6BF8FDFD54FDB6B884E7C7" author="Hodgson, C. J." box="[729,935,638,660]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" refId="ref186001" refString="Hodgson, C. J. (1994) The Scale Insect Family Coccidae: an identification manual to genera. CAB International, Wallingford, Oxon, U. K., 639 p." type="book" year="1994">Hodgson, 1994: 604</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
(designated
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF6BF8FDFBA5FDB7BFB1E7C7" box="[1064,1170,639,660]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
).
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF6BF8FFFF1AFD09B987E4F7" lastPageId="227" lastPageNumber="228" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF6BF8FDFF1AFD09BF3CE7AE" blockId="225.[151,1436,705,2026]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF6BF8FDFF1AFD09B835E78A" bold="true" box="[151,790,705,730]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">
Material studied:
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF6BF8FDFEFCFD09B832E78A" authority="Newstead" authorityName="Newstead" box="[369,785,705,730]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subdenudata">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF6BF8FDFEFCFD09B9B0E789" bold="true" box="[369,659,705,730]" italics="true" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">Ceroplastes subdenudata</emphasis>
Newstead
</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFF6BF8FDFCADFD09BF3CE7AE" collectingDate="1914-04-07" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="C. C. Gowdey &amp; H. Hargreaves" country="Uganda" location="Entebbe" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF6BF8FDFCADFD09BFB8E78A" bold="true" box="[800,1179,705,730]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF6BF8FDFCADFD09B8B5E78A" box="[800,918,705,729]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
(here designated), ad
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFF6BF8FDFB2BFD0ABF9AE78A" box="[1190,1209,706,729]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
:
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF6BF8FDFB41FD09BE0AE78A" bold="true" box="[1228,1321,705,729]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF6BF8FDFB41FD09BE0AE78A" box="[1228,1321,705,729]" name="Uganda" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">Uganda</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
,
<location id="B6606059FF6BF8FDFAB4FD09BEBBE78A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FF6BF8FFFF1AFE1EB89CE624:B6606059FF6BF8FDFAB4FD09BEBBE78A" box="[1337,1432,705,729]" country="Uganda" name="Entebbe" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">Entebbe</location>
,
<collectedFrom id="00A3757FFF6BF8FDFF1AFD2EBA13E7AE" box="[151,304,741,765]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">
on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF6BF8FDFF37FD2DBA13E7AE" box="[186,304,741,765]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF6BF8FDFF37FD2DBA2BE7AE" box="[186,264,741,765]" italics="true" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">Acacia</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
,
<date id="C7011042FF6BF8FDFEB0FD2DBA84E7AE" box="[317,423,741,765]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" value="1914-04-07">
<collectingDate id="D745E9AAFF6BF8FDFEB0FD2DBA84E7AE" box="[317,423,741,765]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" value="1914-04-07">7.iv.1914</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FF6BF8FDFE3FFD2DB96FE7AE" box="[434,588,741,765]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">C.C. Gowdey</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FF6BF8FDFDD7FD2DB991E7AE" box="[602,690,741,765]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">BMNH</collectionCode>
, per
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FF6BF8FDFD64FD2EB8B3E7AE" box="[745,912,741,765]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">H. Hargreaves</collectorName>
): 1/1 (good).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF6BF8FDFF4AFCC1B843E672" blockId="225.[151,1436,705,2026]" box="[199,864,777,801]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFF6BF8FDFF4AFCC1B87FE672" box="[199,860,777,801]" collectionCode="BMNH" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paralectotype">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF6BF8FDFF4AFCC1BAB2E672" bold="true" box="[199,401,777,801]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF6BF8FDFF4AFCC1BA4FE672" box="[199,364,777,801]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
ad
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFF6BF8FDFE1AFCC2BA8FE672" box="[407,428,778,801]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
, as for
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF6BF8FDFD8DFCC1B944E672" box="[512,615,777,801]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
(
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FF6BF8FDFDFBFCC1B9F2E672" box="[630,721,777,801]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/1 (good)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF6BF8FDFF4AFCE5BF64E6AA" blockId="225.[151,1436,705,2026]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF6BF8FDFF4AFCE5BAE9E616" box="[199,458,813,838]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF6BF8FDFF4AFCE5BAE1E615" bold="true" box="[199,450,813,838]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">Unmounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
“Female test. Incomplete, covering only the central portion of the dorsum of the
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFF6BF8FDFA0CFCE6BEB7E616" box="[1409,1428,814,837]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
; this is more or less bluntly conical, the apex with an irregularly pointed patch of dull white wax, sometimes faintly stained with yellow or yellowish brown, with a conical nuclear spot; the rest of the body of the
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFF6BF8FDFB73FCBEBE30E6DE" box="[1278,1299,886,909]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
with a thin transparent coating of varnish-like secretion; stigmatic processes white, thread-like and curly, resting on the sides of the
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFF6BF8FDFF64FC76BBDDE686" box="[233,254,958,981]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
. Greatest diameter 2.5–3.4; height
<quantity id="74479B67FF6BF8FDFD22FC75B81EE686" box="[687,829,957,981]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.95" metricValueMax="3.6" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" unit="mm" value="2.95" valueMax="3.6" valueMin="2.3">2.3–3.6 mm</quantity>
” (
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF6BF8FDFCD6FC75BF69E686" author="Newstead, R." box="[859,1098,957,981]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" pagination="1 - 34" refId="ref187846" refString="Newstead, R. (1917) Observations on scale-insects (Coccidae) IV. Bulletin of Entomological Research 8, 1 - 34." type="journal article" year="1917">Newstead, 1917: 30</bibRefCitation>
). [This description is almost certainly of dried material from which much water had been lost from the soft wax].
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF6BF8FDFF4AFBCDB92DE136" blockId="225.[151,1436,705,2026]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF6BF8FDFF4AFBCDBA8AE14E" box="[199,425,1029,1054]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF6BF8FDFF4AFBCDBA81E14D" bold="true" box="[199,418,1029,1054]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">Mounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Body almost round; stigmatic clefts shallow and quite broad; derm membranous apart from caudal process; caudal process well developed but small and conical; lateral tubercles indistinct. Length
<quantity id="74479B67FF6BF8FDFF1AFB85BA0DE136" box="[151,302,1101,1125]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.225" metricValueMax="2.25" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" unit="mm" value="2.225" valueMax="2.25" valueMin="2.2">2.2–2.25 mm</quantity>
, width 2.0–
<quantity id="74479B67FF6BF8FDFE3EFB85B929E136" box="[435,522,1101,1125]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" unit="mm" value="2.1">2.1 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF6BF8FDFF4AFBB9B8F9E0A2" blockId="225.[151,1436,705,2026]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF6BF8FDFF4AFBB9BA0DE1DA" box="[199,302,1137,1161]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF6BF8FDFF4AFBB9BA04E1DA" bold="true" box="[199,295,1137,1161]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">Dorsum</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm membranous; caudal process heavily sclerotised, but rather short and conical; caudal process about 0.4 um long, 0.35–0.4 um wide. Lateral and cephalic clear areas distinct, but dorsal clear area small or absent, apparently with sparse setae and pores. Dorsal setae each small, about 2–4 µm long, subequal to or shorter than width of basal socket (basal socket about 3–4 µm wide), generally with more or less parallel sides; sparse, absent from lateral and anterior clear areas. Dorsal pores: (i) loculate microducts of complex
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF6BF8FDFB44FACABFDFE049" box="[1225,1276,1282,1306]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">type</typeStatus>
, each 3–4 µm wide with 1–3 satellite loculi, those with 2 or 3 loculi most abundant, those with 1 loculus most abundant near margin; long inner filament not detected; sparsely scattered over dorsum but absent from anterior and lateral clear areas; presence of wax-plate lines uncertain due to paucity of pores; (ii) simple microducts not detected. Preopercular pores: about 10 along anterior margin of anal plates. Anal plates each with 3 large sockets of dorsal setae (all setae missing), plus a smaller subapical seta; length of each plate 103–125 µm; width of both plates combined 115–132 µm. Anal tube short, subequal to length of anal plates.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF6BF8FDFF4AFA35BF94E266" blockId="225.[151,1436,705,2026]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF6BF8FDFF4AFA35BA0BE346" box="[199,296,1533,1558]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF6BF8FDFF4AFA35BA02E345" bold="true" box="[199,289,1533,1558]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">Margin</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Marginal setae rather variable, with a row of 19–23 short, blunt spinose setae between eyespots anteriorly, each about 6.5–10 µm long; other setae elsewhere on margin also somewhat spinose but longer and more pointed, each 8–14 µm long; sparse around rest of margin, with 6–7 on each side between stigmatic clefts; anal lobes with a group of 3 setae, longest 40–60 µm long. Stigmatic clefts distinct, shallow, each with
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFF6BF8FDFAA1F9A1BE5EE3D1" box="[1324,1405,1641,1666]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" type="generic" typeStatus="types">2 types</specimenCount>
of stigmatic setae: (i) those along margin on venter each sharply spinose, often curved and slightly larger than marginal setae, each 10–18 µm long and 3–5 µm wide at base, with 8–13 [15 or 16 (
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF6BF8FDFBB0F979BFD5E39A" author="Newstead, R." box="[1085,1270,1713,1737]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" pagination="1 - 34" refId="ref187846" refString="Newstead, R. (1917) Observations on scale-insects (Coccidae) IV. Bulletin of Entomological Research 8, 1 - 34." type="journal article" year="1917">Newstead, 1917</bibRefCitation>
)] in each cleft; those present laterally shortest and straightest; and (ii) conical setae in an elongate group of 19–22 extending onto dorsum, each group at least twice as long as wide; most setae 6.5 µm wide at base and 6.5 µm long but each group with 1 or 2 larger setae, largest about 10 µm wide and long. Eyespots each about 30 µm wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF6BF8FFFF4AF889BF8EE5A1" blockId="225.[151,1436,705,2026]" lastBlockId="227.[151,1437,151,888]" lastPageId="227" lastPageNumber="228" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF6BF8FDFF4AF889BA3FE20A" box="[199,284,1857,1881]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="225" pageNumber="226" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF6BF8FDFF4AF889BA36E20A" bold="true" box="[199,277,1857,1881]" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">Venter</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm entirely membranous. Pregenital disc-pores abundant around genital opening and in preceding segment (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FF6BF8FDFE8AF8ADBA0AE22E" box="[263,297,1893,1917]" country="Norway" name="Mykotektet, National Veterinary Institute" pageId="225" pageNumber="226">VI</collectionCode>
), plus about 4 mediolaterally associated with anogenital fold in segment V. Spiracular disc-pores sparse, in narrow bands near peritremes but broadening near margin to slightly narrower than group of sharplyspinose stigmatic setae; each band with about 28–35 disc-pores. Ventral microducts small, rather sparse and only slightly more abundant submarginally where larger and oddly shaped (submarginal microducts about 3 µm wide, medial ducts 2 µm wide); sparse medially on abdomen. Ventral tubular ducts entirely absent (apart from a single duct in cephalic region of
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF69F8FFFE34FF71B93CE582" box="[441,543,185,209]" pageId="227" pageNumber="228" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
specimen: outer ductule exceptionally long, about 30 µm; inner ductule not visible). Submarginal setae each 10–14 µm long, sparse but more abundant than marginal setae.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E7C0660AFF68F8FEFF1AF89EB837E2BF" pageId="226" pageNumber="227" startId="226.[151,244,1878,1899]" targetBox="[180,1404,153,1867]" targetPageId="226">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF68F8FEFF1AF89EB837E2BF" blockId="226.[151,1436,1878,2028]" pageId="226" pageNumber="227">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF68F8FEFF1AF89EBA04E238" bold="true" box="[151,295,1878,1899]" pageId="226" pageNumber="227">FIGURE 101.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF68F8FEFEBDF89EB966E238" authority="(Newstead)" baseAuthorityName="Newstead" box="[304,581,1878,1899]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="226" pageNumber="227" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subdenudata">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF68F8FEFEBDF89EBAE8E238" box="[304,459,1878,1899]" italics="true" pageId="226" pageNumber="227">W. subdenudata</emphasis>
(Newstead)
</taxonomicName>
, young female Lectotype series. For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes: (i) dorsal loculate pores of complex-type; (ii) dorsal setae short and mainly cylindrical; (iii) marginal setae on head between eyespots short, blunt and spinose; (iv) each stigmatic cleft with groups of both spinose and conical stigmatic setae; (v) stigmatic areas unsclerotised, each with an elongate group of conical setae; (vi) ventral tubular ducts generally entirely absent; (vii) multilocular disc-pores restricted to posterior abdominal segments, and (viii) antennae 7 segmented.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF69F8FFFF4AFF34B987E4F7" blockId="227.[151,1437,151,888]" pageId="227" pageNumber="228">Antennae well developed, each with 7 segments, with a pseudoarticulation in segment III; total length 225–230 µm. Clypeolabral shield 166 µm long. Spiracles: width of each peritreme 45–48 µm. Legs well developed; each with a strong tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis; each claw with a minute denticle; claw digitules both broad; tarsal digitules subequal to length of claw digitules; dimensions of metathoracic leg (µm): coxa 107; trochanter + femur 135–140; tibia 100; tarsus 60–65, and claw 20.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF69F8FFFF4AFE67B89CE624" pageId="227" pageNumber="228" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF69F8FFFF4AFE67BF52E7B4" blockId="227.[151,1437,151,888]" pageId="227" pageNumber="228">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF69F8FFFF4AFE67BA6FE49B" bold="true" box="[199,332,431,456]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="227" pageNumber="228" reason="1">Discussion.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF69F8FFFEE8FE79B93EE49B" box="[357,541,432,456]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="227" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subdenudata">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF69F8FFFEE8FE79B93EE49B" box="[357,541,432,456]" italics="true" pageId="227" pageNumber="228">W. subdenudata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is extremely similar to
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF69F8FFFCC8FE79BF20E49B" baseAuthorityName="Newstead" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[837,1027,432,456]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Waxiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="227" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subsphaerica">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF69F8FFFCC8FE79BF20E49B" box="[837,1027,432,456]" italics="true" pageId="227" pageNumber="228">W. subsphaerica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
— indeed the former might be a synonym. The main difference between these 2 species, based on the available material, is that all the marginal setae between the eyespots on the anterior margin of the head of
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF69F8FFFCF8FE31BF04E743" box="[885,1063,504,528]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="227" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subdenudata">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF69F8FFFCF8FE31BF04E743" box="[885,1063,504,528]" italics="true" pageId="227" pageNumber="228">W. subdenudata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are short and blunt and there are no flagellate marginal setae in this area (although the submarginal setae elsewhere are flagellate), whereas the marginal setae between the eyespots on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF69F8FFFDD9FD89B828E70B" baseAuthorityName="Newstead" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[596,779,576,600]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Waxiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="227" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subsphaerica">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF69F8FFFDD9FD89B828E70B" box="[596,779,576,600]" italics="true" pageId="227" pageNumber="228">W. subsphaerica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are all quite long, most are spinose but sharply pointed but a few are sometimes flagellate. Also,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF69F8FFFDC6FDADB9DCE72F" box="[587,767,612,636]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="227" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subdenudata">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF69F8FFFDC6FDADB9DCE72F" box="[587,767,612,636]" italics="true" pageId="227" pageNumber="228">W. subdenudata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
does tend to have fewer stigmatic setae of both
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF69F8FFFAB9FDACBE4CE72F" box="[1332,1391,612,636]" pageId="227" pageNumber="228">types</typeStatus>
but there is some overlap with the data for
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF69F8FFFDFCFD41B80DE7F3" baseAuthorityName="Newstead" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[625,814,648,672]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Waxiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="227" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subsphaerica">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF69F8FFFDFCFD41B80DE7F3" box="[625,814,648,672]" italics="true" pageId="227" pageNumber="228">W. subsphaerica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; in addition, the dorsal setae tend to be longer with convergent sides on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF69F8FFFE00FD64B96AE797" baseAuthorityName="Newstead" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[397,585,684,708]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Waxiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="227" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subsphaerica">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF69F8FFFE00FD64B96AE797" box="[397,585,684,708]" italics="true" pageId="227" pageNumber="228">C. subsphaerica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, whereas they are shorter with more parallel sides on
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF69F8FFFB52FD64BEBFE797" box="[1247,1436,684,708]" italics="true" pageId="227" pageNumber="228">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF69F8FFFB52FD64BEBAE797" box="[1247,1433,684,708]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="227" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subdenudata">C. subdenudata</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
Whether these differences will hold when more material is available remains to be seen.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF69F8FFFF4AFD3CB89CE624" blockId="227.[151,1437,151,888]" pageId="227" pageNumber="228">
At the present time, there appears to be only 2 records of this species, the original on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF69F8FFFB07FD3CBFDCE658" box="[1162,1279,756,780]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Acacia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="227" pageNumber="228" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF69F8FFFB07FD3CBFFBE65F" box="[1162,1240,756,780]" italics="true" pageId="227" pageNumber="228">Acacia</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
from
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF69F8FFFAC8FD3CBEBFE65F" box="[1349,1436,756,780]" name="Uganda" pageId="227" pageNumber="228">Uganda</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF69F8FFFF13FCDFBA7BE67C" author="Newstead, R." box="[158,344,791,815]" pageId="227" pageNumber="228" pagination="1 - 34" refId="ref187846" refString="Newstead, R. (1917) Observations on scale-insects (Coccidae) IV. Bulletin of Entomological Research 8, 1 - 34." type="journal article" year="1917">Newstead, 1917</bibRefCitation>
) and that of
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF69F8FFFE60FCD0B996E67C" author="De Lotto, G." box="[493,693,791,815]" pageId="227" pageNumber="228" pagination="781 - 810" refId="ref184309" refString="De Lotto, G. (1967 b) The soft scales (Homoptera: Coccidae) of South Africa, i. South African Journal of Agricultural Science 10, 781 - 810." type="journal article" year="1967">De Lotto (1967b)</bibRefCitation>
from Umkomaas,
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF69F8FFFC00FCDFBF3CE67C" box="[909,1055,791,815]" name="South Africa" pageId="227" pageNumber="228">South Africa</collectingCountry>
on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF69F8FFFBC0FCD0BFE6E67C" box="[1101,1221,792,816]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Albizia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="227" pageNumber="228" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF69F8FFFBC0FCD0BFBEE663" box="[1101,1181,792,816]" italics="true" pageId="227" pageNumber="228">Albizia</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
Specimens of the latter collection have not been seen during this study but, based on the present interpretation of this species, it seems likely that the latter record could be referable to
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF69F8FFFC8DFCA9B89BE62B" baseAuthorityName="Newstead" baseAuthorityYear="1911" box="[768,952,864,888]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Waxiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="227" pageNumber="228" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="subsphaerica">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF69F8FFFC8DFCA9B89BE62B" box="[768,952,864,888]" italics="true" pageId="227" pageNumber="228">W. subsphaerica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
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Subfamily
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Ceroplastaria
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<typeStatus id="6C048820FF82F814FF1AF88FBBEAE20F" box="[151,201,1863,1884]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Type</typeStatus>
genus:
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<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF82F814FE95F88EBAB3E20F" box="[280,400,1862,1884]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Ceroplastes</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF82F814FE1BF88EB925E20F" author="Gray, J. E." box="[406,518,1862,1884]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="ref185278" refString="Gray, J. E. (1828) Spicilegia Zoologica; original figures and short systematic descriptions of new and unfigured animals. Treuttel, Wurtz and Co., London. Part. I. 12 p." type="book" year="1828">Gray, 1828</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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<paragraph id="B3003682FF91F807FF1AFC1DB965E6BC" blockId="27.[151,582,981,1039]" box="[151,582,981,1007]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<heading id="E84881EEFF91F807FF1AFC1DB965E6BC" bold="true" box="[151,582,981,1007]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF91F807FF1AFC1DB965E6BC" ID-CoL="T3XY" authority="Hodgson" authorityName="Hodgson" box="[151,582,981,1007]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brachystegiae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF91F807FF1AFC1DB965E6BC" bold="true" box="[151,582,981,1007]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF91F807FF1AFC1DBAF3E6BC" bold="true" box="[151,464,981,1007]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Ceroplastes brachystegiae</emphasis>
Hodgson
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<paragraph id="B3003682FF91F807FF1AFC3FBABAE15C" blockId="27.[151,582,981,1039]" box="[151,409,1015,1039]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
(
<figureCitation id="2B842A07FF91F807FF12FC3FBBD0E15C" box="[159,243,1015,1039]" captionStart="FIGURE 23" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1855,1878]" captionText="FIGURE 23. C. brachystegiae Hodgson. Holotype specimen. For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes: (i) marginal setae spinose, numerous around entire margin, including stigmatic clefts; (ii) stigmatic setae extending out of cleft along margin; (iii) stigmatic setae bullet-shaped; (iv) ventral tubular ducts present anteriorly but absent in abdomen; (v) dorsal loculate microducts of intermediate-type; (vi) dorsal loculate microducts smaller than basal sockets of dorsal setae; (vii) dorsal setae blunt and more or less parallel-sided, and (viii) antennae 8 segmented." pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
; Map fig. 103)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF91F807FF1AFBF2B9F9E13C" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF91F807FF1AFBF2B949E103" blockId="27.[151,730,1082,1135]" box="[151,618,1082,1104]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFF91F807FF1AFBF2B949E103" box="[151,618,1082,1104]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FF91F807FF1AFBF2B949E103" author="Hodgson, C. J." box="[151,618,1082,1104]" page="3" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1969">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF91F807FF1AFBF2B949E103" ID-CoL="T3XY" authority="Hodgson, 1969 a: 3" authorityName="Hodgson" authorityPageNumber="3" authorityYear="1969" box="[151,618,1082,1104]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brachystegiae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF91F807FF1AFBF2BA80E103" box="[151,419,1082,1104]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Ceroplastes brachystegiae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF91F807FE24FBF2B949E103" author="Hodgson, C. J." box="[425,618,1082,1104]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 43" refId="ref185928" refString="Hodgson, C. J. (1969 a) Notes on Rhodesian Coccidae (Homoptera: Coccidea). Part. II: The genera Ceroplastes and Gascardia. Arnoldia (Rhodesia) 4, 1 - 43." type="journal article" year="1969">Hodgson, 1969a: 3</bibRefCitation>
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF91F807FF1AFB91B9F9E13C" blockId="27.[151,730,1082,1135]" box="[151,730,1113,1135]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFF91F807FF1AFB91B9F9E13C" box="[151,730,1113,1135]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF91F807FF1AFB91B92BE13C" ID-CoL="T3XY" authority="Hodgson" authorityName="Hodgson" box="[151,520,1113,1135]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brachystegiae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF91F807FF1AFB91BA80E13C" box="[151,419,1113,1135]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Ceroplastes brachystegiae</emphasis>
Hodgson
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FF91F807FD9FFB92B9F5E13C" author="Ben-Dov, Y." box="[530,726,1113,1135]" page="22" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1993">
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF91F807FD9FFB92B9F5E13C" author="Ben-Dov, Y." box="[530,726,1113,1135]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refId="ref183122" refString="Ben-Dov, Y. (1993) A Systematic Catalogue of Soft Scales of the World. Sandhill Crane Press, Inc., Florida, USA, Flora &amp; Fauna Handbook 9, 563 p." type="book" year="1993">Ben-Dov, 1993: 22</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
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<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF91F801FF1AFB53BE5CE001" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF91F807FF1AFB53BAD6E184" blockId="27.[151,1437,1179,1780]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF91F807FF1AFB53BAA5E1E7" bold="true" box="[151,390,1179,1204]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Material examined:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFF91F807FE1CFB54BAD6E184" collectingDate="1965-11-02" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="C. J. Hodgson" country="Zimbabwe" location="Mutare" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF91F807FE1CFB54BADDE1E7" bold="true" box="[401,510,1180,1204]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF91F807FE1CFB54BADDE1E7" box="[401,510,1180,1204]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
,
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF91F807FD9DFB53B800E1E7" bold="true" box="[528,803,1179,1204]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF91F807FD9DFB53B9ACE1E7" box="[528,655,1179,1204]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
(Rhodesia),
</emphasis>
<location id="B6606059FF91F807FCA3FB54B85CE1E0" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FF91F801FF1AFC1DB9D2E306:B6606059FF91F807FCA3FB54B85CE1E0" box="[814,895,1180,1203]" country="Zimbabwe" name="Mutare" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Mutare</location>
[Umtali],
<date id="C7011042FF91F807FC70FB54BF4BE1E7" box="[1021,1128,1180,1204]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="1965-11-02">
<collectingDate id="D745E9AAFF91F807FC70FB54BF4BE1E7" box="[1021,1128,1180,1204]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="1965-11-02">2.xi.1965</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectedFrom id="00A3757FFF91F807FBF4FB54BE43E1E0" box="[1145,1376,1180,1204]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF91F807FB12FB54BE43E1E0" box="[1183,1376,1180,1204]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Brachystegia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF91F807FB12FB54BE10E1E7" box="[1183,1331,1180,1204]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Brachystegia</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
,
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FF91F807FAFDFB54BBDFE184" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">C.J. Hodgson</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FF91F807FE86FB77BA45E184" box="[267,358,1215,1239]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/1 (good).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF91F807FF4AFB2CBEBEE1AF" blockId="27.[151,1437,1179,1780]" box="[199,1437,1251,1276]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFF91F807FF4AFB2CBEBAE1AF" box="[199,1433,1251,1276]" collectingDate="1938-07-18" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="J. Ghesquiere" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" location="Also" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCount="1">
<location id="B6606059FF91F807FF4AFB2CBBDCE1AF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FF91F801FF1AFC1DB9D2E306:B6606059FF91F807FF4AFB2CBBDCE1AF" box="[199,255,1252,1276]" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" name="Also" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Also</location>
:
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF91F807FE84FB2BB982E1AF" bold="true" box="[265,673,1251,1276]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF91F807FE84FB2BB9BEE1AF" box="[265,669,1251,1276]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Democratic Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
,
</emphasis>
on an unknown plant,
<date id="C7011042FF91F807FC16FB2CBF39E1AF" box="[923,1050,1252,1276]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="1938-07-18">
<collectingDate id="D745E9AAFF91F807FC16FB2CBF39E1AF" box="[923,1050,1252,1276]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" value="1938-07-18">18.vii.1938</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FF91F807FBA9FB2CBF9AE1AF" box="[1060,1209,1252,1276]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">J. Ghesquière</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FF91F807FB4AFB2CBE01E1AF" box="[1223,1314,1252,1276]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">MNHN</collectionCode>
): 1/1 (fair)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF91F807FF4AFAC0B99DE04C" blockId="27.[151,1437,1179,1780]" box="[199,702,1287,1312]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
Note. Description made from
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF91F807FD9BFAC0B965E073" box="[534,582,1288,1312]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">type</typeStatus>
specimen.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF91F807FF4AFAE4B867E337" blockId="27.[151,1437,1179,1780]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF91F807FF4AFAE4BAEBE010" box="[199,456,1323,1348]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF91F807FF4AFAE4BAE2E017" bold="true" box="[199,449,1323,1348]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Unmounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
&quot;Test of the adult female white, with brown to reddish brown radiating areas; more or less oval in shape, but with the posterior end rather flattened. Dorsally, there is a small central dome with a ring of brown stain, in the centre of which is a longitudinal indentation carrying the dorsal boss; surrounding this area is a further area with brown radiations, which are more obvious towards the posterior end. Laterally there are faint indications of plates. The stigmatic bands are very clear white, and there are also whiter areas at the anterior end and 2 more directed posteriorly at the sides of the posterior end. Length
<quantity id="74479B67FF91F807FC4BFA17BF2AE0A4" box="[966,1033,1503,1527]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
, height
<quantity id="74479B67FF91F807FBEFFA17BF94E0A4" box="[1122,1207,1503,1527]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
and breadth
<quantity id="74479B67FF91F807FAC4FA17BEACE0A4" box="[1353,1423,1503,1527]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 mm</quantity>
.&quot; &quot;With waxy test removed, the adult female is elliptical, and produced dorsally into a blunt apical process; the cephalic and lateral processes are barely indicated by knobules; the caudal process is heavily sclerotised and is directed posteriorly, but is fairly short.&quot; (
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FF91F807FDD2F984B815E337" author="Hodgson, C. J." box="[607,822,1612,1636]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 43" refId="ref185928" refString="Hodgson, C. J. (1969 a) Notes on Rhodesian Coccidae (Homoptera: Coccidea). Part. II: The genera Ceroplastes and Gascardia. Arnoldia (Rhodesia) 4, 1 - 43." type="journal article" year="1969">Hodgson, 1969a: 3</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF91F807FF4AF9B8B8A3E3A7" blockId="27.[151,1437,1179,1780]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF91F807FF4AF9B8BA8AE3D4" box="[199,425,1647,1672]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF91F807FF4AF9B8BA81E3DB" bold="true" box="[199,418,1647,1672]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Mounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Body roundly oval and convex, with distinct but shallow stigmatic clefts; dorsum with distinct lateral tubercles. Caudal process quite short and probably pointing posteriorly. Length without caudal process 4.0 mm, with caudal process
<quantity id="74479B67FF91F807FDCEF970B988E39C" box="[579,683,1720,1744]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.68" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="4.68">4.68 mm</quantity>
; width across venter about
<quantity id="74479B67FF91F807FC69F970BF6FE39C" box="[996,1100,1720,1744]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="2.25">2.25 mm</quantity>
; total width on slide 3.0 mm; caudal process about 625 µm wide at base and about 675 µm long.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E7C0660AFF91F807FF1AF8F7B9E3E289" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" startId="27.[151,250,1855,1878]">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF91F807FF1AF8F7B9E3E289" blockId="27.[151,1436,1855,2010]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF91F807FF1AF8F7BA02E205" bold="true" box="[151,289,1855,1878]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">FIGURE 23.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF91F807FEA2F8F7B965E206" authority="Hodgson." authorityName="Hodgson." box="[303,582,1855,1877]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brachystegiae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF91F807FEA2F8F7BAFFE206" box="[303,476,1855,1877]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">C. brachystegiae</emphasis>
Hodgson.
</taxonomicName>
Holotype specimen. For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes: (i) marginal setae spinose, numerous around entire margin, including stigmatic clefts; (ii) stigmatic setae extending out of cleft along margin; (iii) stigmatic setae bullet-shaped; (iv) ventral tubular ducts present anteriorly but absent in abdomen; (v) dorsal loculate microducts of intermediate-type; (vi) dorsal loculate microducts smaller than basal sockets of dorsal setae; (vii) dorsal setae blunt and more or less parallel-sided, and (viii) antennae 8 segmented.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF97F801FF4AFF50BFD1E714" blockId="29.[151,1437,151,1621]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF97F801FF4AFF50BA0EE5FC" box="[199,301,152,176]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF97F801FF4AFF50BA04E5E3" bold="true" box="[199,295,152,176]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Dorsum</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm membranous except for caudal process which is heavily sclerotised. Derm with 8 small clear areas, each without setae. Dorsal setae each bluntly spinose and about 5–8 µm long, usually about twice as long as width of basal socket; basal socket width 4–5 µm; fairly frequent throughout but absent in clear areas. Dorsal pores: (i) loculate microducts of intermediate
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF97F801FDD4FEC0B9A8E473" box="[601,651,264,288]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">type</typeStatus>
, each with mainly 2 or 3 satellite loculi (microducts with 1 satellite loculus very sparse, those with 4 loculi absent); microducts with 2 satellite loculi with a narrow primary loculus, latter becoming rather triangular with 3 loculi; those with 2 satellite loculi about twice as frequent as those with 3 satellite loculi; each unusually small, those with 2 satellite loculi 3.0–4.5 µm widest; with 3 satellite loculi about 4 µm wide (clearly smaller than width of dorsal setal socket); long branched inner filament not detected; rather sparse throughout but absent from all clear areas; distribution of pore
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF97F801FCC6FE09B8A6E48A" box="[843,901,449,473]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">types</typeStatus>
uncertain due to scarcity; (ii) simple microducts not detected. Preopercular pores probably present. Anal plates rather elongate, with a pointed apex; each 178 µm long, width of single plate 60 µm, each with 3 setal sockets on dorsal surface, all setae missing; presence of apical setae unknown. Anal tube about twice length of anal plates; anal ring setae each about 250 µm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF97F801FF4AFD9CB843E68C" blockId="29.[151,1437,151,1621]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF97F801FF4AFD9CBA0BE73F" box="[199,296,596,621]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF97F801FF4AFD9CBA02E73E" bold="true" box="[199,289,596,621]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Margin</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Marginal setae sharply spinose, with a narrow basal-socket (only slightly wider than base of seta); each seta about 16–20 µm long; rather abundant and extending along margin of each stigmatic cleft; with about 110 anteriorly between stigmatic clefts, and (on each side) 18–23 between eyespots and anterior stigmatic area, 19–21 between stigmatic areas and 54–63 on either side of abdomen. Each anal lobe with a group of about 7 longer setae, longest 45 µm long. Stigmatic clefts shallow but distinct, each with a narrow band of rather sharply-conical stigmatic setae along margin, broadening to about 4 setae wide in each cleft, where slightly larger; each band extending along margin some distance on either side of each cleft, mainly in a double to triple row; each anterior band with 52 or 53 conical stigmatic setae and 18–23 spinose marginal setae; each posterior group with 60–67 conical stigmatic setae and 24 or 25 spinose marginal setae; most conical setae about 13 µm long and 6–7 µm wide at base, but most lateral setae smaller, about 10 µm long and 6 µm wide; dorsal setae at apex of group largest, up to 22 µm long and 13 µm wide. Eyespots each about 37 µm wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF97F801FF4AFC25B836E1ED" blockId="29.[151,1437,151,1621]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF97F801FF4AFC25BA3FE157" box="[199,284,1005,1029]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF97F801FF4AFC25BA36E156" bold="true" box="[199,277,1005,1029]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Venter</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm entirely membranous. Pregenital disc-pores abundant around genital opening (segment VII) and across preceding segment plus about 21 medially and 9 or 10 mediolaterally on segment V, and 1 medially and 0 mediolaterally on IV. Spiracular disc-pores present in fairly broad bands of about 70–100 pores but with few, if any, extending medially. Ventral microducts showing nothing distinctive. Ventral tubular ducts apparently only present in a group of about
<quantity id="74479B67FF97F801FE78FB48B916E1CB" box="[501,565,1152,1176]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.064" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" unit="in" value="16.0">16 in</quantity>
cephalic area anterior to antennae, each with an obscure inner ductule. Submarginal setae setose, frequent, each 20–22 µm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF97F801FF4AFB03BE5CE001" blockId="29.[151,1437,151,1621]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Antennae each with 8 segments; total length 410–420 µm. Clypeolabral shield about 210 µm long. Spiracles: width of anterior peritremes 66–72 µm, posterior peritremes 80 µm. Legs well developed, each with a distinct tibio-tarsal sclerosis; each claw without a denticle; claw digitules both broad and shorter than tarsal digitules; dimensions of metathoracic legs (µm): coxa 190; trochanter + femur 250; tibia 200; tarsus 108, and claw 24–25.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF97F801FF4AFA96B9D2E306" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF97F801FF4AFA96B9D2E306" blockId="29.[151,1437,151,1621]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF97F801FF4AFA96BA6FE024" box="[199,332,1374,1399]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF97F801FF4AFA96BA66E024" bold="true" box="[199,325,1374,1399]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Discussion</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
In having a line of spinose setae along the ventral margin of each stigmatic cleft,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF97F801FB53FA97BEB8E024" box="[1246,1435,1375,1399]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brachystegiae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF97F801FB53FA97BEB8E024" box="[1246,1435,1375,1399]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">C. brachystegiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appears to show some affinity with
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF97F801FDA4FA4CB9A9E0CF" box="[553,650,1412,1436]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Waxiella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF97F801FDA4FA4CB9A9E0CF" box="[553,650,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Waxiella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but here the spinose setae extend around the entire margin in a single line. Other interesting features of this species are: (i) the absence of tubular ducts associated with the anogenital folds, and (ii) the small size of both the dorsal and ventral microducts.
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF97F801FC50FA06BFE5E0B5" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[989,1222,1486,1510]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neobrachystegiae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF97F801FC50FA06BFE5E0B5" box="[989,1222,1486,1510]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">C. neobrachystegiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, described as new below, clearly is closely related. For differences, see under the latter species
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF97F801FC77FA3BBF9BE358" box="[1018,1208,1523,1547]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brachystegiae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF97F801FC77FA3BBF9BE358" box="[1018,1208,1523,1547]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">C. brachystegiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is only known from the original collection on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF97F801FE5CF9D0B83DE363" box="[465,798,1560,1584]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Brachystegia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF97F801FE5CF9D0B946E363" box="[465,613,1560,1584]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Brachystegia</emphasis>
sp. (Fabaceae)
</taxonomicName>
, near Umtali (now Mutari),
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF97F801FBF6F9D0BFD6E363" box="[1147,1269,1560,1584]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
, and from an unknown plant in
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF97F801FEEFF9F5B9CEE306" box="[354,749,1597,1621]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Democratic Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

203
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<heading id="E84881EEFF95F803FF1AFF5FB857E5E2" bold="true" box="[151,884,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF95F803FF1AFF5FB857E5E2" bold="true" box="[151,884,151,177]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF95F803FF1AFF5FB9D6E5E2" authority="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[151,757,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neobrachystegiae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF95F803FF1AFF5FBADFE5E2" bold="true" box="[151,508,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Ceroplastes neobrachystegiae</emphasis>
Hodgson &amp; Peronti
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AF857EBFF95F803FD70FF5FB857E5E2" box="[765,884,151,177]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF95F803FF1AFF72BABAE581" box="[151,409,186,210]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="description">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF95F803FF1AFF72BABAE581" blockId="31.[151,884,151,210]" box="[151,409,186,210]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
(
<figureCitation id="2B842A07FF95F803FF12FF72BBD0E581" box="[159,243,186,210]" captionStart="FIGURE 24" captionStartId="29.[151,244,1838,1859]" captionText="FIGURE 24. C. neobrachystegiae Hodgson &amp; Peronti, spec. nov. Type series. For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes: (i) marginal setae spinose, rather few around entire margin, including stigmatic clefts; (ii) stigmatic setae extending out of cleft along margin; (iii) stigmatic setae bullet-shaped; (iv) ventral tubular ducts present anteriorly but absent in abdomen; (v) dorsal loculate microducts of intermediate-type; (vi) dorsal loculate microducts smaller than basal sockets of dorsal setae; (vii) dorsal setae blunt, more or less cylindrical and capitate, and (viii) 6- or 7-segmented antennae." pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Fig. 24</figureCitation>
; Map fig. 103)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF95F803FF1AFECAB825E385" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF95F803FF1AFECABA5BE40E" blockId="31.[151,1436,258,2003]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF95F803FF1AFECABAA0E448" bold="true" box="[151,387,258,283]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Material examined:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFF95F803FE07FECBBA57E40E" collectingDate="1988-05-19" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="J. H. Martin" country="Kenya" location="Malindi Is." pageId="31" pageNumber="32" specimenCount="4" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF95F803FE07FECBB847E448" bold="true" box="[394,868,258,283]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF95F803FE07FECBBAD4E448" box="[394,503,259,283]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
and
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF95F803FDBEFECBB9BDE448" box="[563,670,259,283]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
females:
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF95F803FC9DFECBB87CE448" box="[784,863,259,283]" name="Kenya" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Kenya</collectingCountry>
,
</emphasis>
<quantity id="74479B67FF95F803FCE1FECAB890E449" box="[876,947,258,282]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="km" value="20.0">20 km</quantity>
SW of
<location id="B6606059FF95F803FB87FECABFA4E449" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FF95F803FF1AFF5FBFC4E280:B6606059FF95F803FB87FECABFA4E449" box="[1034,1159,258,282]" country="Kenya" name="Malindi Is." pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Malindi Is.</location>
,
<collectedFrom id="00A3757FFF95F803FB19FECBBEB7E448" box="[1172,1428,259,283]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF95F803FB3AFECBBEB7E448" box="[1207,1428,259,283]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Cynometra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="webberi">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF95F803FB3AFECBBEB7E448" box="[1207,1428,259,283]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Cynometra webberi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
,
<date id="C7011042FF95F803FF1AFEECBA24E46F" box="[151,263,292,316]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" value="1988-05-19">
<collectingDate id="D745E9AAFF95F803FF1AFEECBA24E46F" box="[151,263,292,316]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" value="1988-05-19">19.v.1988</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FF95F803FE9BFEECBAB9E46F" box="[278,410,292,316]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">J.H. Martin</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FF95F803FE21FEECB924E46F" box="[428,519,292,316]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/2 (
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF95F803FDDFFEECB995E46F" box="[594,694,292,316]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
good and complete and clearly marked;
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF95F803FB18FEECBFD6E46F" box="[1173,1269,292,316]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
fair, split into dorsum and venter)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF95F803FF4AFEAFB967E42D" blockId="31.[151,1436,258,2003]" box="[199,580,358,383]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF95F803FF4AFEAFBAE4E42D" box="[199,455,358,383]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF95F803FF4AFEAFBAE3E42C" bold="true" box="[199,448,358,383]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Unmounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF95F803FF4AFE43B8CFE4B9" blockId="31.[151,1436,258,2003]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF95F803FF4AFE43BA8AE4F1" box="[199,425,394,419]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF95F803FF4AFE43BA81E4F0" bold="true" box="[199,418,394,419]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Mounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Body rather elongate, oval and probably convex, with shallow stigmatic clefts; dorsum with distinct lateral processes. Caudal process conical. Length
<quantity id="74479B67FF95F803FCE6FE66BF20E495" box="[875,1027,430,454]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.04" metricValueMax="2.38" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="2.04" valueMax="2.38" valueMin="1.7">1.7–2.38 mm</quantity>
; total width on slide
<quantity id="74479B67FF95F803FB7CFE66BEBBE495" box="[1265,1432,430,454]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.25" metricValueMin="1.05" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" unit="mm" value="1.15" valueMax="1.25" valueMin="1.05">1.05–1.25 mm</quantity>
; caudal process wider than long, width 425–700 µm and length 350–540 µm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF95F803FF4AFE3FBE04E6ED" blockId="31.[151,1436,258,2003]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF95F803FF4AFE3FBA0DE75D" box="[199,302,503,527]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF95F803FF4AFE3FBA04E75C" bold="true" box="[199,295,503,527]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Dorsum</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm membranous except for heavily sclerotised caudal process. Derm with 7 or 8 clear areas, anterior area small and mediodorsal area present or absent (pores apparently present on youngest specimen although very sparse); most areas without setae but anterior area with 0 or 1 seta. Dorsal setae each bluntly spinose to slightly capitate and 3–5 µm long, subequal to width of basal socket; basal socket width 4–5 µm; present fairly frequently throughout but mainly absent in clear areas. Dorsal pores: (i) loculate microducts of intermediate
<typeStatus id="6C048820FF95F803FAE8FD4FBEBBE7CC" box="[1381,1432,647,671]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">type</typeStatus>
, each unusually small, mainly with 1 or 2 satellite loculi, those with 1 satellite loculus rather more frequent than those with 2; those with 3 satellite loculi very scarce; those with 1 satellite loculus about 2.5 µm wide, those with 2 loculi 3.0–3.5 µm widest; all clearly smaller than width of basal socket of dorsal setae; long dendritic inner filament not detected; rather sparse throughout but absent from all clear areas; perhaps with wax-pore lines; (ii) simple microducts not located. Preopercular pores: 4–6 present in a band 1 pore wide. Anal plates rather elongate, with a pointed apex; length of plates 125–130 µm, width of both plates combined 105–125 µm, each with 3 large sockets on dorsal surface, most setae missing, but most posterior seta about 40–50 µm long on
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFF95F803FB31FC4ABE1DE6C9" box="[1212,1342,898,922]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
; smaller apical setae present. Anal tube about 1.5x length of anal plates; anal ring setae each about 180 µm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF95F803FF4AFC02BF38E075" blockId="31.[151,1436,258,2003]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF95F803FF4AFC02BA0BE6B1" box="[199,296,970,995]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF95F803FF4AFC02BA02E6B0" bold="true" box="[199,289,970,995]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Margin</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Marginal setae sharply spinose, with a narrow basal-socket (only slightly wider than base of seta); each seta about 10–25 µm long; present around entire margin including stigmatic clefts but fairly sparse, with about 20–27 anteriorly between eyespots, and (on each side) 8–12 between eyespots and anterior stigmatic areas, 13–20 between stigmatic areas and 20–24 on either side of abdomen. Each anal lobe with 2 or 3 longer setae, longest about 38 µm long. Stigmatic clefts shallow, each with a narrow band of rather sharply-conical stigmatic setae along margin, band broadening to about 3 setae wide in each cleft, where setae slightly larger; each band extending a short distance along margin on either side of each cleft; each anterior group with 15–19 conical stigmatic setae and 5–10 spinose marginal setae, and each posterior group with 16–23 conical stigmatic setae and 2–8 spinose marginal setae; smallest conical setae about 12 µm long and 8 µm wide at base, but seta at apex of each group largest up to 20 µm long and 10 µm wide. Eyespots each about 40–42 µm wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF95F803FF4AFAFBBA56E0AD" blockId="31.[151,1436,258,2003]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF95F803FF4AFAFBBA3FE019" box="[199,284,1331,1355]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF95F803FF4AFAFBBA36E018" bold="true" box="[199,277,1331,1355]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Venter</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm entirely membranous. Pregenital disc-pores abundant around genital opening (segment VII) and across preceding segment; plus 5 medially and 4–6 mediolaterally on V, and 2 medially and 0–4 mediolaterally in IV. Spiracular disc-pores in fairly narrow bands of about 30–50 pores; none extending medially. Ventral microducts showing nothing distinctive. Ventral tubular ducts apparently only present in a group of about 5 or
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cephalic area, each with a narrow, short inner ductule. Submarginal setae setose, less frequent than marginal setae, each 8–17 µm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF95F803FF4AF9C2B825E385" blockId="31.[151,1436,258,2003]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Antennae each with 6 or 7 segments (when 6 with a fairly distinct pseudo-articulation; those with 7 segments clearly with segment III divided); total length 265–300 µm. Clypeolabral shield about 165–180 µm long. Spiracles: width of anterior peritremes 43–50 µm, posterior peritremes 58–60 µm. Legs well developed, each with a distinct tibio-tarsal articulation and sclerosis; claw denticle either absent or obscure; claw digitules both broad and shorter than tarsal digitules; dimensions of metathoracic legs (µm): coxa 125–130; trochanter + femur 165–180; tibia 120–130; tarsus 75–90, and claw 25–26.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FF95F803FF4AF92ABFC4E280" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B3003682FF95F803FF4AF92ABE17E235" blockId="31.[151,1436,258,2003]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF95F803FF4AF92ABA6FE3A9" box="[199,332,1762,1787]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF95F803FF4AF92ABA66E3A8" bold="true" box="[199,325,1762,1787]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Discussion</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF95F803FED9F92BB919E3A8" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[340,570,1763,1787]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neobrachystegiae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF95F803FED9F92BB919E3A8" box="[340,570,1763,1787]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">C. neobrachystegiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
clearly is closely related to
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF95F803FCF6F92BBF19E3A8" box="[891,1082,1763,1787]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brachystegiae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF95F803FCF6F92BBF19E3A8" box="[891,1082,1763,1787]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">C. brachystegiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but differs in having: (i) rather capitate dorsal setae; (ii) many fewer marginal and stigmatic setae; (iii) perhaps fewer antennal segments; (iv) loculate microducts with mainly 1 satellite loculus, and (v) smaller legs. Like
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF95F803FB83F8E3BFEEE210" box="[1038,1229,1835,1859]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brachystegiae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF95F803FB83F8E3BFEEE210" box="[1038,1229,1835,1859]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">C. brachystegiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, it appears to lack tubular ducts associated with the anogenital folds, and has unusually small dorsal and ventral microducts.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF95F803FF4AF8BBBEA9E2D8" blockId="31.[151,1436,258,2003]" box="[199,1418,1906,1931]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF95F803FF4AF8BBBA8EE2D8" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[199,429,1907,1931]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neobrachystegiae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF95F803FF4AF8BBBA8EE2D8" box="[199,429,1907,1931]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">C. neobrachystegiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is only known from the original collection on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF95F803FC3AF8BBBE35E2D9" box="[951,1302,1906,1931]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Cynometra" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="webberi">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF95F803FC3AF8BBBFB7E2D8" box="[951,1172,1907,1931]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Cynometra webberi</emphasis>
(Fabaceae)
</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FF95F803FAB7F8BBBEA4E2D8" box="[1338,1415,1907,1931]" name="Kenya" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Kenya</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FF95F803FF4AF85FBFC4E280" blockId="31.[151,1436,258,2003]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF95F803FF4AF85FBAB6E2FD" box="[199,405,1942,1967]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF95F803FF4AF85FBAACE2FC" bold="true" box="[199,399,1942,1967]" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">Name derivation</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
The species name
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF95F803FDFCF85EB815E2FD" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[625,822,1942,1966]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="neobrachystegiae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF95F803FDFCF85EB815E2FD" box="[625,822,1942,1966]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">neobrachystegiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is made up of
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF95F803FC51F85FBF2DE2FD" box="[988,1038,1943,1966]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">neo-</emphasis>
, derived from the Greek word
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF95F803FAE4F85FBEBFE2FD" box="[1385,1436,1943,1966]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">neos</emphasis>
meaning ‘new’ and
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF95F803FEFBF873B930E280" box="[374,531,1979,2003]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brachystegiae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF95F803FEFBF873B930E280" box="[374,531,1979,2003]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">brachystegiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the name given to the closely related species,
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FF95F803FBACF873BFC4E280" box="[1057,1255,1979,2003]" italics="true" pageId="31" pageNumber="32">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FF95F803FBACF873BFC0E280" box="[1057,1251,1979,2003]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="31" pageNumber="32" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brachystegiae">C. brachystegiae</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

260
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<heading id="E84881EEFFA1F837FF1AFC44BAFDE6F6" bold="true" box="[151,478,907,934]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFA1F837FF1AFC44BAFDE6F6" ID-CoL="T42Q" authority="Hall" authorityName="Hall" box="[151,478,907,934]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helichrysi">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA1F837FF1AFC44BAFDE6F6" bold="true" box="[151,478,907,934]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA1F837FF1AFC44BA82E6F5" bold="true" box="[151,417,908,934]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Ceroplastes helichrysi</emphasis>
Hall
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFA1F837FF1AFC66BAE5E695" box="[151,454,942,966]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="description">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFA1F837FF1AFC66BAE5E695" blockId="43.[151,478,907,966]" box="[151,454,942,966]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
(
<figureCitation id="2B842A07FFA1F837FF12FC66BBD5E695" box="[159,246,942,966]" captionStart="FIGURES 10–18" captionStartId="12.[151,258,1650,1671]" captionTargetBox="[169,1435,153,1612]" captionTargetId="figure-281@12.[157,1438,150,1643]" captionTargetPageId="12" captionText="FIGURES 10–18. 10. C. rusci Linnaeus, 2nd-instar nymphs, Legnaro (Padova), Ficus carica, 5.ix.2007 (G. Pellizzari). Note lack of wet wax; the wax tufts are all dry wax filaments. 11. C. tachardiaformis Brain, second-instar nymph, on Elytropappus rhinoceratis, South Africa (P.J. Gullan). Note very different form of wax associated with these nymphs compared with those in FIGURE 10 (also compare with wax test of adult females, FIGURE 17). 12. C. personatus Newstead, dried material of second-instar nymph, off Annona sp., Zimbabwe (MNHN) (A.L.B.G. Peronti). Note different layout of dry wax filaments to that in FIGURE 10. 13. C. helichrysi Hall, adult female on Cliffortia sp., South Africa (P.J. Gullan). Note complete absence of division of test into wax plates. 14. C. stellifera (Westwood), third-instar nymph, on Ixora coccinea (Rubiaceae), Brazil (A.L.B.G. Peronti). Note rather hyaline test through which body of nymph visible; the anal plates are located bottom right. 15. C. glomeratus Peronti, on Mimosa caesalpiniafolia, Brazil (A.L.B.G. Peronti). Note: although this is a Neotropical species, it appears very similar in appearance to the amalgamated tests of mature C. madagascariensis Targioni Tozzetti. 16. C. tachardiaformis Brain, second-instar nymph, on Elytropappus rhinoceratis, South Africa (P.J. Gullan). 17. C. tachardiaformis Brain, adult females, on Elytropappus rhinoceratis, South Africa (P.J. Gullan). Note appearance of test very different to that of the second-instar nymph. 18. C. myricae Linnaeus, adult females off Morella quercifolia, South Africa (J. Giliomee). Note that, even though this is very similar to C. rusci, the wax test is not divided into plates." pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Figs 13</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2B842A07FFA1F837FE8CFC66BA02E695" box="[257,289,942,966]" captionStart="FIGURE 30" captionStartId="43.[151,244,1892,1913]" captionText="FIGURE 30. C. helichrysi Hall. Type series. For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes: (i) caudal process almost unsclerotised; (ii) dorsal loculate microducts of intermediate-type; (iii) dorsal setae short, subequal to width of basal socket; (iv) stigmatic setae in a compact, round to oval group; (v) each group of stigmatic setae with 3-5 larger setae; (vi) ventral tubular ducts present anteriorly and posteriorly and also very sparsely submarginally in abdomen; (vii) legs without a tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis, and (viii) claw digitules clearly dissimilar." pageId="43" pageNumber="44">30</figureCitation>
: Map fig. 103)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="B3003682FFA1F837FF1AFC3FB907E15F" blockId="43.[151,655,1014,1067]" box="[151,548,1014,1037]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFFA1F837FF1AFC3FB907E15F" box="[151,548,1014,1037]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FFA1F837FF1AFC3FB903E15F" author="Hall, W. J." box="[151,544,1014,1037]" page="295" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" year="1931">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFA1F837FF1AFC3FB903E15F" ID-CoL="T42Q" authority="Hall, 1931: 295" authorityName="Hall" authorityPageNumber="295" authorityYear="1931" box="[151,544,1014,1037]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helichrysi">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA1F837FF1AFC3FBA5AE15E" box="[151,377,1015,1037]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Ceroplastes helichrysi</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFA1F837FEF2FC3EB903E15F" author="Hall, W. J." box="[383,544,1014,1036]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" pagination="285 - 303" refId="ref185738" refString="Hall, W. J. (1931) Observations on the Coccidae of southern Rhodesia. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 79, 285 - 303." type="journal article" year="1931">Hall, 1931: 295</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<paragraph id="B3003682FFA1F837FF1AFBDDB9ACE178" blockId="43.[151,655,1014,1067]" box="[151,655,1045,1067]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
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<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFA1F837FF1AFBDDBA92E178" ID-CoL="3FBYJ" authority="(Hall)" baseAuthorityName="Hall" box="[151,433,1045,1067]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Gascardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helichrysi">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA1F837FF1AFBDDBA48E178" box="[151,363,1045,1067]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Gascardia helichrysi</emphasis>
(Hall)
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FFA1F837FE36FBDEB9A8E178" author="De Lotto, G." box="[443,651,1045,1067]" page="181" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" year="1965">
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFA1F837FE36FBDEB9A8E178" author="De Lotto, G." box="[443,651,1045,1067]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" pagination="174 - 239" refId="ref184199" refString="De Lotto, G. (1965) On some Coccidae (Homoptera), chiefly from Africa. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology, London 16, 174 - 239." type="journal article" year="1965">De Lotto, 1965: 181</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="B3003682FFA1F837FF1AFB9FB921E1E4" blockId="43.[151,1436,1111,1748]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA1F837FF1AFB9FBAA6E123" bold="true" box="[151,389,1111,1136]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Material examined:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFFA1F837FE03FB90B921E1E4" country="Zimbabwe" location="Hall" municipality="Helychrysum" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA1F837FE03FB90B927E123" bold="true" box="[398,516,1112,1136]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFA1F837FE03FB90B927E123" box="[398,516,1112,1136]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFFA1F837FD9DFB90B906E13C" box="[528,549,1112,1135]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA1F837FDA1FB9FB8AEE123" bold="true" box="[556,909,1111,1136]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
(here designated):
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFA1F837FC83FB9FB8AEE123" box="[782,909,1111,1136]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
[Southern Rhodesia]: top label:
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFA1F837FA85FB9FBEA8E13C" box="[1288,1419,1111,1135]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ceroplastes</taxonomicName>
/ helichrysi /
<location id="B6606059FFA1F837FEA8FBB4BA76E1C7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FFA1F831FF1AFC44B84FE3B1:B6606059FFA1F837FEA8FBB4BA76E1C7" box="[293,341,1148,1172]" country="Zimbabwe" municipality="Helychrysum" name="Hall" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Hall</location>
/
<collectingMunicipality id="5364ACF8FFA1F837FEF8FBB4B92FE1C7" box="[373,524,1148,1172]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Helychrysum</collectingMunicipality>
/ sp. / Bromley. Bottom label: WJHall 9/3/28 / TYPE / 14.iii.30 WJHall (
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFA1F837FF13FB57BA25E1E4" box="[158,262,1183,1207]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
top specimen of two).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFA1F837FF4AFB0CB9DAE18F" blockId="43.[151,1436,1111,1748]" box="[199,761,1220,1244]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA1F837FF4AFB0CBA4FE18F" bold="true" box="[199,364,1220,1244]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFA1F837FF4AFB0CBA4FE18F" box="[199,364,1220,1244]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
: other specimen on
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFA1F837FDC2FB0CB995E18F" box="[591,694,1220,1244]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
slide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFA1F837FF4AFB2FB82DE077" blockId="43.[151,1436,1111,1748]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA1F837FF4AFB2FBA26E053" bold="true" box="[199,261,1255,1280]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Also:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFFA1F837FE81FB2FB829E077" collectingDate="2008-02-14" collectionCode="DCBU" collectorName="P. J. Gullan" country="South Africa" elevation="700" location="Pampoen Fontein Farm" municipality="Grootwinterhoek Mountains" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Western Cape">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA1F837FE81FB2FBA86E053" bold="true" box="[268,421,1255,1280]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFA1F837FE81FB2FBA86E053" box="[268,421,1255,1280]" name="South Africa" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">South Africa</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
,
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FFA1F837FE39FB20B99EE1AC" box="[436,701,1255,1279]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Western Cape Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="5364ACF8FFA1F837FD45FB2FBF2AE1AC" box="[712,1033,1255,1279]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Grootwinterhoek Mountains</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location id="B6606059FFA1F837FB98FB20BE3CE1AC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FFA1F831FF1AFC44B84FE3B1:B6606059FFA1F837FB98FB20BE3CE1AC" box="[1045,1311,1255,1279]" country="South Africa" municipality="Grootwinterhoek Mountains" name="Pampoen Fontein Farm" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" stateProvince="Western Cape">Pampoen Fontein Farm</location>
,
<quantity id="74479B67FFA1F837FAA7FB2FBE50E1AC" box="[1322,1395,1255,1279]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="700.0">
<elevation id="3892D1B1FFA1F837FAA7FB2FBE50E1AC" box="[1322,1395,1255,1279]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="700.0">700 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectedFrom id="00A3757FFFA1F837FAF2FB20BA0BE070" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFA1F837FF1AFAC4BA0BE070" box="[151,296,1292,1316]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Cliffortia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA1F837FF1AFAC4BBDCE077" box="[151,255,1292,1316]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Cliffortia</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
,
<date id="C7011042FFA1F837FEB9FAC4BA8BE077" box="[308,424,1292,1316]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" value="2008-02-14">
<collectingDate id="D745E9AAFFA1F837FEB9FAC4BA8BE077" box="[308,424,1292,1316]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" value="2008-02-14">14.ii.2008</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FFA1F837FE39FAC4B90FE077" box="[436,556,1292,1316]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">P.J. Gullan</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFA1F837FDB6FAC4B9B3E077" box="[571,656,1292,1316]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5zzs-n4tg" name="Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">DCBU</collectionCode>
): 1/3 (fair)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFA1F837FF4AFAF8B97AE014" blockId="43.[151,1436,1111,1748]" box="[199,601,1327,1352]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA1F837FF4AFAF8BA25E01B" bold="true" box="[199,262,1328,1352]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Note.</emphasis>
Description from
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFA1F837FE56FAF8B928E01B" box="[475,523,1328,1352]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">type</typeStatus>
series.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFA1F837FF4AFA9CBF83E387" blockId="43.[151,1436,1111,1748]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA1F837FF4AFA9CBAE0E038" box="[199,451,1363,1388]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA1F837FF4AFA9CBA9FE03F" bold="true" box="[199,444,1363,1388]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Unmounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
&quot;Test of the adult female convex and pure white. There is a deep submarginal depression giving the marginal area the appearance of being rounded and thickened. The outlines of the plates are indicated by shallow depressions, and each plate carries a rather obscure median circular depression.
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FFA1F837FBFAFA54BFE3E0E7" box="[1143,1216,1436,1460]" country="France" name="Centre" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Centre</collectingRegion>
of the dome with a small elongate raised white boss. There are faint indications of radiating lines and concentric rings on the dome, and a few specimens exhibit a well-marked concentric depression midway between the central boss and the submarginal groove. The wax is firm but not hard. Denuded of its wax, the adult female is highly convex and uniformly rounded, with a faint submarginal depression that is frequently missing in older examples. Cephalic lobes [tubercles] represented, but not at all conspicuous except in the young individuals. Dorsal processes [tubercles] wanting but traces of lateral processes found on a few examples. Caudal process small, triangular, with the apex directed upwards at an angle of 45°. Stigmatic clefts shallow but well marked. Older examples uniformly sclerotised; the dermis is thin and brittle. Length of the test of adult female
<quantity id="74479B67FFA1F837FD4DF974B827E380" box="[704,772,1724,1748]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
; breadth
<quantity id="74479B67FFA1F837FCEAF974B8E2E387" box="[871,961,1724,1748]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
.&quot; (
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFA1F837FC6EF974BFB7E387" author="Hall, W. J." box="[995,1172,1724,1748]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" pagination="285 - 303" refId="ref185738" refString="Hall, W. J. (1931) Observations on the Coccidae of southern Rhodesia. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 79, 285 - 303." type="journal article" year="1931">Hall, 1931: 295</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="E7C0660AFFA1F837FF1AF8ACBAB8E2BD" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" startId="43.[151,244,1892,1913]">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFA1F837FF1AF8ACBAB8E2BD" blockId="43.[151,1436,1892,2030]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA1F837FF1AF8ACBA3BE22A" bold="true" box="[151,280,1892,1913]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">FIGURE 30.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFA1F837FEABF8ACBAFAE22A" authority="Hall." authorityName="Hall." box="[294,473,1892,1913]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Gascardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helichrysi">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA1F837FEABF8ACBA81E22A" box="[294,418,1892,1913]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">C. helichrysi</emphasis>
Hall.
</taxonomicName>
Type series. For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes: (i) caudal process almost unsclerotised; (ii) dorsal loculate microducts of intermediate-type; (iii) dorsal setae short, subequal to width of basal socket; (iv) stigmatic setae in a compact, round to oval group; (v) each group of stigmatic setae with 3-5 larger setae; (vi) ventral tubular ducts present anteriorly and posteriorly and also very sparsely submarginally in abdomen; (vii) legs without a tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis, and (viii) claw digitules clearly dissimilar.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFA7F831FF4AFF50B91EE5A4" blockId="45.[151,1437,151,1762]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA7F831FF4AFF50BA8FE5FC" box="[199,428,151,176]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA7F831FF4AFF50BA86E5E3" bold="true" box="[199,421,151,176]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Mounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Body rather roundly oval and convex, with rather shallow stigmatic clefts; dorsum without lateral tubercles. Caudal process short and cone-shaped, pointing upwards and posteriorly. Length 3.0–4.0 mm, total width on slide 1.9–3.0 mm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFA7F831FF4AFECCB9AEE791" blockId="45.[151,1437,151,1762]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA7F831FF4AFECCBA0DE448" box="[199,302,260,284]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA7F831FF4AFECCBA04E44F" bold="true" box="[199,295,260,284]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Dorsum</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm membranous except for a rather narrow band
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA7F831FC1AFECDB89CE44F" box="[919,959,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">just</emphasis>
anterior to anal plates which is distinctly sclerotised; rest of caudal process unsclerotised or only very palely sclerotised, apparently without pores or setae. Derm with 8 clear areas (plus the wide clear area around caudal process); each with very few setae. Dorsal setae all with slightly converging or parallel sides, with a very blunt apex; length 3.0–3.5 µm, slightly shorter than or subequal to width of basal socket, latter 3.5–4.0 µm wide; infrequent throughout but absent from clear areas. Dorsal pores: (i) loculate microducts of intermediate
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFA7F831FD65FE7CB838E49F" box="[744,795,436,460]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">type</typeStatus>
, each with 2–5 satellite loculi, primary loculus tending to be broader than on most other species; each pore about 3–5 µm widest; those with 3 or 4 satellite loculi generally about equally frequent, those with 5, 2 or 1 much scarcer; microducts sparse throughout but absent from all clear areas; wax-plate lines not detected, and (ii) simple microducts small, occasional in clear areas. Preopercular pores present in a transverse band 2 or 3 pores wide, totalling about 28–32 pores. Anal plates rather elongate; each 115–135 µm long, width of both plates combined 125–130 µm; each with 3 dorsal setae, each perhaps 45–90 µm long, plus a shorter apical seta, 20–25 µm. Anal tube short, about equal to length of anal plates, about 130 µm long; anal ring setae each about 160–180 µm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFA7F831FF4AFD05BF65E6C6" blockId="45.[151,1437,151,1762]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA7F831FF4AFD05BA0BE7B6" box="[199,296,717,742]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA7F831FF4AFD05BA02E7B5" bold="true" box="[199,289,717,742]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Margin</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Marginal setae setose, each 16–23 µm long; rather few, exact numbers uncertain; each anal lobe with perhaps 3 longer setae, longest about 38–45 µm long. Stigmatic clefts each with a group of bluntly conical stigmatic setae extending in a broad group onto dorsum; each group about as long as wide; anterior groups with 30–48 stigmatic setae and posterior groups with 31–52 setae; most setae 7–12 µm wide and 9–11 µm long but each group with 2–5 noticeably larger setae up to about 16–20 µm wide and 30–40 µm long, largest furthest from margin. Eyespots each rather small, about 17–20 µm wide; sometimes not detected.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFA7F831FF4AFC69BE79E1A6" blockId="45.[151,1437,151,1762]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA7F831FF4AFC69BA3FE6EB" box="[199,284,929,953]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA7F831FF4AFC69BA36E6EA" bold="true" box="[199,277,929,953]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Venter</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm entirely membranous. Pregenital disc-pores abundant around genital opening (segment VII) and across preceding segment; present on more anterior segments as follows: medially: segment V several, IV about 3, III about 2, II 0–2, and submedially associated with submedial fold: V several; IV–II 0. Spiracular discpores present in bands of about 100 pores, each band quite narrow near spiracles but broadening near margin; with few, if any, extending medially; those near each cleft more sclerotised and slightly larger. Ventral microducts showing nothing distinctive. Ventral tubular ducts each with a short, narrow inner ductule, sometimes somewhat bulbous at base; abundant anteriorly in a group of at least 30 ducts in cephalic region that spreads laterad to each antenna; also with ducts on abdomen as follows: 1 or 2 medially in abdominal segments III and IV, several medially in V and VI; also present associated with anogenital fold in V and VI, plus a few scattered towards submargin in about segments IV and V. Submarginal setae few and difficult to separate from marginal setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFA7F831FF4AFAC8BEBFE0F6" blockId="45.[151,1437,151,1762]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Antennae each with 6 (rarely 7) segments, segment III generally with 1 or 2 pseudo-articulations; total length 240–270 µm. Clypeolabral shield about 165–170 µm long. Spiracles: width of peritremes 55–66 µm. Legs well developed, each without a tibio-tarsal articulation; each claw with a small but distinct denticle; claw digitules dissimilar, 1 clearly slightly broader than other but subequal to length of tarsal digitules; dimensions of metathoracic legs (µm): coxa 125–130; trochanter + femur 150–165; tibia 105–115; tarsus 75–80, and claw 25–27.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFA7F831FF4AFA78B84FE3B1" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFA7F831FF4AFA78B835E3CF" blockId="45.[151,1437,151,1762]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA7F831FF4AFA78BA6FE09B" box="[199,332,1456,1481]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA7F831FF4AFA78BA66E09A" bold="true" box="[199,325,1456,1481]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Discussion</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
The main characteristics of this species are: (i) the more or less unsclerotised anal process; (ii) presence of several larger spinose setae in each stigmatic group; (iii) rather wide primary loculus in each loculate microduct; (iv) dissimilar claw digitules; (v) small denticle on each claw; (vi) large number of tubular ducts in cephalic region, (vii) absence of tubular ducts laterally on thorax, and (viii) presence of ventral tubular ducts laterally on abdomen. In having a relatively unsclerotised caudal process,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFA7F831FC65F9F6BF54E305" box="[1000,1143,1598,1622]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Gascardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helichrysi">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA7F831FC65F9F6BF54E305" box="[1000,1143,1598,1622]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">C. helichrysi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFA7F831FB7AF9F6BEB6E305" box="[1271,1429,1598,1622]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevicauda">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA7F831FB7AF9F6BEB6E305" box="[1271,1429,1598,1622]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">C. brevicauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but the latter differs in having: (i) reduced antennae and legs; (ii) no ventral tubular ducts anteriorly in the cephalic region, and (iii) loculate microducts of the complex
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFA7F831FD52F94CB830E3CF" box="[735,787,1668,1692]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFA7F831FF4AF96FB84FE3B1" blockId="45.[151,1437,151,1762]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFA7F831FF4AF96FBA7CE3EC" box="[199,351,1703,1727]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Gascardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helichrysi">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA7F831FF4AF96FBA7CE3EC" box="[199,351,1703,1727]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">C. helichrysi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is currently only known from the original collection in
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFA7F831FBA4F96FBF82E3EC" box="[1065,1185,1703,1727]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFA7F831FB50F96FBA07E3B1" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Helichrysum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA7F831FB50F96FBE4FE3EC" box="[1245,1388,1703,1727]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Helichrysum</emphasis>
sp. (Asteraceae)
</taxonomicName>
and from
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFA7F831FE15F902B90BE3B1" box="[408,552,1738,1762]" name="South Africa" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">South Africa</collectingCountry>
on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFA7F831FDDFF902B84BE3B1" box="[594,872,1738,1762]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rosaceae" genus="Cliffortia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA7F831FDDFF902B999E3B1" box="[594,698,1738,1762]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Cliffortia</emphasis>
sp. (Rosaceae)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

268
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<mods:titleInfo id="84622732A7E6E1BD403EBC8A648ECA42">
<mods:title id="659EA36971515935F6FA0F0F5306392E">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="A771C50D8441A2CF35A372D3684755F7">
<mods:date id="48FC2B04816245C9A2B30240AA1163B9">2012</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="A61DC808D1F443B812447F83E1968A91" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="D09D03A12D747F433D444C155D783D62">2012-07-04</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="4A618E66F270FBF0128D6ABC3B70DDB6">3372</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="4455299831694E963C04EA5768E3751B">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="1B62877826863C3C9A8B50AD513B4A05">265</mods:end>
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<mods:classification id="401AD888854256D007C72EEE7E52A023">journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier id="556175413C19BDF2DC47C1D16CD9FCB3" type="ISSN">1175­5334</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="3B168794FFA5F82CFF1AFF5FB9AAE4A7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5255398" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5255398" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FFA5F82CFF1AFF5FB9AAE4A7" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3B168794FFA5F82CFF1AFF5FB9AAE4A7" lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFA5F833FF1AFF5FBADCE5E2" box="[151,511,151,177]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFA5F833FF1AFF5FBADCE5E2" blockId="47.[151,511,151,210]" box="[151,511,151,177]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<heading id="E84881EEFFA5F833FF1AFF5FBADCE5E2" bold="true" box="[151,511,151,177]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFA5F833FF1AFF5FBADCE5E2" ID-CoL="T458" authority="De Lotto" authorityName="De Lotto" box="[151,511,151,177]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rusticus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA5F833FF1AFF5FBADCE5E2" bold="true" box="[151,511,151,177]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA5F833FF1AFF5FBAA9E5E2" bold="true" box="[151,394,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Ceroplastes rusticus</emphasis>
De Lotto
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFA5F833FF1AFF72BABAE581" box="[151,409,186,210]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="description">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFA5F833FF1AFF72BABAE581" blockId="47.[151,511,151,210]" box="[151,409,186,210]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
(
<figureCitation id="2B842A07FFA5F833FF12FF72BBD0E581" box="[159,243,186,210]" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="45.[151,244,1835,1856]" captionText="FIGURE 31. C. rusticus De Lotto. South Africa, Boswaarmoed, Ceres, on Selago triquetra 2009, J. Giliomee (SANC). For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes: (i) dorsal loculate microducts of intermediate-type; (ii) dorsal setae short, subequal to width of basal socket; (iii) stigmatic setae in a compact, round to oval group; (iv) each group of stigmatic setae with 3-5 larger setae; (v) multilocular disc-pores present submedially on anterior abdominal segments; (vi) ventral tubular ducts present anteriorly and posteriorly, in a submarginal band and also medially on thorax; (vii) legs without a tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis, and (viii) claw digitules clearly dissimilar." pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
; Map fig. 103)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFA5F833FF1AFECAB982E464" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFA5F833FF1AFECAB963E44B" blockId="47.[151,673,258,311]" box="[151,576,258,280]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFFA5F833FF1AFECAB963E44B" box="[151,576,258,280]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FFA5F833FF1AFECAB91FE44B" author="De Lotto, G." box="[151,572,258,280]" page="318" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" year="1961">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFA5F833FF1AFECAB91FE44B" ID-CoL="T458" authority="De Lotto, 1961: 318" authorityName="De Lotto" authorityPageNumber="318" authorityYear="1961" box="[151,572,258,280]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rusticus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA5F833FF1AFECABA46E44B" box="[151,357,258,280]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Ceroplastes rusticus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFA5F833FEE1FECBB91FE44B" author="De Lotto, G." box="[364,572,258,280]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="318 - 321" refId="ref184165" refString="De Lotto, G. (1961) Two new Ceroplastes species from Africa (Homoptera: Coccidae). Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa 24, 318 - 321." type="journal article" year="1961">De Lotto, 1961: 318</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFA5F833FF1AFEE9B982E464" blockId="47.[151,673,258,311]" box="[151,673,289,311]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFFA5F833FF1AFEE9B982E464" box="[151,673,289,311]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFA5F833FF1AFEE9BAE1E464" ID-CoL="3FBYS" authority="(De Lotto)" baseAuthorityName="De Lotto" box="[151,450,289,311]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Gascardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rustica">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA5F833FF1AFEE9BA6EE464" box="[151,333,289,311]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Gascardia rustica</emphasis>
(De Lotto)
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FFA5F833FE40FEEAB9BEE464" author="De Lotto, G." box="[461,669,289,311]" page="204" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" year="1965">
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFA5F833FE40FEEAB9BEE464" author="De Lotto, G." box="[461,669,289,311]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="174 - 239" refId="ref184199" refString="De Lotto, G. (1965) On some Coccidae (Homoptera), chiefly from Africa. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology, London 16, 174 - 239." type="journal article" year="1965">De Lotto, 1965: 204</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFA5F82CFF1BFEABB8E9E5A4" lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFA5F833FF1BFEABB8A0E497" blockId="47.[150,1437,355,2036]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA5F833FF1BFEABBAA1E42F" bold="true" box="[150,386,355,380]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Material examined:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFFA5F833FE00FEACBAF7E497" collectingDate="1956-10-15" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="H. K. Munro &amp; Canada &amp; Also" country="South Africa" location="Hartman's Kloof" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA5F833FE00FEACB9ACE42F" bold="true" box="[397,655,355,380]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFA5F833FE00FEACBAD4E42F" box="[397,503,356,380]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
&amp;
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFA5F833FDABFEACB9ACE42F" box="[550,655,356,380]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFFA5F833FD16FEACB993E428" box="[667,688,356,379]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
:
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA5F833FD54FEABB859E42F" bold="true" box="[729,890,355,380]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFA5F833FD54FEABB856E42F" box="[729,885,355,380]" name="South Africa" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">South Africa</collectingCountry>
,
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FFA5F833FC0BFEACBF0EE42F" box="[902,1069,356,380]" country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Kwazulu-Natal</collectingRegion>
[as
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FFA5F833FBE9FEACBE37E42F" box="[1124,1300,356,380]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Cape Province</collectingRegion>
],
<location id="B6606059FFA5F833FAA7FEACBBF8E4CC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FFA5F82CFF1AFF5FB9AAE4A7:B6606059FFA5F833FAA7FEACBBF8E4CC" country="South Africa" name="Hartman's Kloof" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">Hartman's Kloof</location>
,
<collectedFrom id="00A3757FFFA5F833FF6AFE40BAEBE4F3" box="[231,456,392,416]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFA5F833FE86FE40BAEBE4F3" box="[267,456,392,416]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Scrophulariaceae" genus="Selago" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glutinosa">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA5F833FE86FE40BAEBE4F3" box="[267,456,392,416]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Selago glutinosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
,
<date id="C7011042FFA5F833FE5BFE4FB966E4CC" box="[470,581,391,415]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="1956-10-15">
<collectingDate id="D745E9AAFFA5F833FE5BFE4FB966E4CC" box="[470,581,391,415]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" value="1956-10-15">15.x.1956</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FFA5F833FDDCFE40B9F9E4CC" box="[593,730,392,415]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">H.K. Munro</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFA5F833FD65FE4FB862E4CC" box="[744,833,391,415]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 3/4 (fair,
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFA5F833FC37FE4FBF3AE4CC" box="[954,1049,391,415]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
slide with cloudy
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FFA5F833FB6BFE4FBE1BE4CC" box="[1254,1336,391,415]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Canada</collectorName>
balsam).
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FFA5F833FF1AFE64BBE8E497" box="[151,203,428,452]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Also</collectorName>
seen, a single slide with
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFFA5F833FE57FE64B85CE497" box="[474,895,428,452]" collectingDate="1956-10-15" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="H. K. Munro &amp; Canada &amp; Also" country="South Africa" location="Hartman's Kloof" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFFA5F833FE57FE64B943E497" box="[474,608,428,452]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
with same data in USNM
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFA5F833FF4AFE07B919E75F" blockId="47.[150,1437,355,2036]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA5F833FF4AFE07BBDFE4BB" bold="true" box="[199,252,463,488]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Also</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA5F833FE83FE07BA89E4BB" bold="true" box="[270,426,463,488]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFA5F833FE83FE07BA89E4BB" box="[270,426,463,488]" name="South Africa" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">South Africa</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
,
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FFA5F833FE31FE18B9E8E4B4" box="[444,715,463,487]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Western Cape Province</collectingRegion>
, Boswaarmoed, Ceres, on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFA5F833FB8EFE18BE2AE4B4" box="[1027,1289,463,488]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Scrophulariaceae" genus="Selago" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="triquetra">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA5F833FB8EFE18BF9FE4B4" box="[1027,1212,464,488]" italics="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Selago triquetra</emphasis>
, 2009
</taxonomicName>
, J. Giliomee (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFA5F833FF13FE3CBBD5E75F" box="[158,246,500,524]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">BMNH</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFA5F833FE8FFE3CBA71E75F" box="[258,338,500,524]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" name="Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="Museum">SANC</collectionCode>
): 5/13 (fair to good).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFA5F833FF4AFDD0BF61E77C" blockId="47.[150,1437,355,2036]" box="[199,1090,535,560]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA5F833FF4AFDD0BBDCE763" bold="true" box="[199,255,536,560]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Note</emphasis>
. Description from
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFA5F833FE56FDD0B928E763" box="[475,523,536,560]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">type</typeStatus>
series; data in (..) brackets refer to Ceres material.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFA5F833FF4AFDF4B87BE7CF" blockId="47.[150,1437,355,2036]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA5F833FF4AFDF4BAE7E700" box="[199,452,571,596]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA5F833FF4AFDF4BA9EE707" bold="true" box="[199,445,571,596]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Unmounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
“Test of fully mature adult female dried in situ, highly convex, with a shallow mediodorsal depression carrying a minute elongate white boss; colour evenly pale yellow; wax fairly soft. Dimensions: up to
<quantity id="74479B67FFA5F833FF1AFD4CBBF5E7C8" box="[151,214,644,668]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
long;
<quantity id="74479B67FFA5F833FE96FD4CBA79E7C8" box="[283,346,644,667]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
wide and
<quantity id="74479B67FFA5F833FE46FD4CB929E7C8" box="[459,522,644,668]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
high.” (
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFA5F833FDEEFD4CB868E7CF" author="De Lotto, G." box="[611,843,644,668]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" pagination="318 - 321" refId="ref184165" refString="De Lotto, G. (1961) Two new Ceroplastes species from Africa (Homoptera: Coccidae). Journal of the Entomological Society of Southern Africa 24, 318 - 321." type="journal article" year="1961">De Lotto, 1961: 318</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFA5F833FF4AFD60BE68E7B7" blockId="47.[150,1437,355,2036]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA5F833FF4AFD60BA86E7EC" box="[199,421,679,704]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA5F833FF4AFD60BABEE793" bold="true" box="[199,413,679,704]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Mounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Body broadly elliptical or roundly circular, without dorsal processes. Caudal process conical and small. Body length
<quantity id="74479B67FFA5F833FE70FD04B9ACE7B0" box="[509,655,716,740]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0149999999999997" metricValueMax="2.63" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="2.0149999999999997" valueMax="2.63" valueMin="1.4">1.4–2.63 mm</quantity>
(venter
<quantity id="74479B67FFA5F833FD61FD04B855E7B7" box="[748,886,716,740]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="1.9" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="1.3">1.3–2.5 mm</quantity>
), width
<quantity id="74479B67FFA5F833FC5DFD04BF75E7B0" box="[976,1110,716,740]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7999999999999998" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="1.7999999999999998" valueMax="2.3" valueMin="1.3">1.3–2.3 mm</quantity>
(venter 1.0–
<quantity id="74479B67FFA5F833FB6BFD04BE1CE7B7" box="[1254,1343,716,740]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFA5F833FF4AFD38BBECE03F" blockId="47.[150,1437,355,2036]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA5F833FF4AFD38BA0FE654" box="[199,300,752,776]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA5F833FF4AFD38BA06E65B" bold="true" box="[199,293,752,776]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Dorsum</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm entirely membranous on young individuals, except for moderately to heavily sclerotised caudal process. Caudal process short, conical,
<quantity id="74479B67FFA5F833FDD1FCDCB823E678" box="[604,768,788,812]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0500000000000007" metricValueMax="3.3000000000000003" metricValueMin="2.8000000000000003" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="0.305" valueMax="0.33" valueMin="0.28">0.28–0.33 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="74479B67FFA5F833FCC2FCDCB8D1E678" box="[847,1010,788,812]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.2" metricValueMax="5.4" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" unit="mm" value="0.42" valueMax="0.54" valueMin="0.3">0.30–0.54 mm</quantity>
wide (i.e., wider than long on older specimens). Derm possibly with only 4 clear areas, 1 cephalic, 1 smallish medio-dorsal and 1 very elongate and large area on each side dorsad to stigmatic clefts; posterior lateral clear areas possibly absent; cephalic clear area with a few dorsal setae. Dorsal setae rather variable in shape, mostly about as long as width of basal socket, with slightly convergent margins but some longer, narrower and more pointed; each about 3.0–5.0 µm long, subequal to or slightly longer than width of basal socket (basal socket about 4.0–4.5 µm wide); present very sparsely throughout apart from in most clear areas. Dorsal pores: (i) loculate microducts of an intermediate
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFA5F833FC5EFC24BF21E157" box="[979,1026,1004,1028]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">type</typeStatus>
but with primary loculus larger than satellite loculi; each microduct with 1–5 satellite loculi; those with 2 and 3 satellite loculi most abundant medially but pores with 1 satellite loculus most abundant around margin; each microduct about 5.0–6.5 µm wide, frequent throughout but absent from all clear areas and sometimes appearing sparser laterally where abdominal clear areas might be expected; wax-plate lines not detected; and (ii) simple microducts of possibly
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFFA5F833FBCBFBB4BFBBE1C7" box="[1094,1176,1148,1172]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" type="generic" typeStatus="types">2 types</specimenCount>
: (a) a microduct with an almost unsclerotised orifice, each about 1 µm wide with a long inner ductule; sparse, restricted to clear areas, and (b) a small microduct with a well-sclerotised orifice, very sparse amongst loculate microducts but absent from clear areas. Preopercular pores present in a transverse band of 9–19 pores. Anal plates: each 94–97 (100–125) µm long, combined width 87–94 (100–103) µm; each with 3 large dorsal setae (each 30–40 µm long), plus a shorter setose seta on apex, about 20–22 µm long. Anal tube short, subequal to length of anal plates or shorter; anal ring setae about 100–110 µm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFA5F833FF4AFABFB8AFE334" blockId="47.[150,1437,355,2036]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA5F833FF4AFABFBA05E0DC" box="[199,294,1399,1424]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA5F833FF4AFABFBA3CE0C3" bold="true" box="[199,287,1399,1424]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Margin</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Marginal setae short, each 8–10 (–13) µm long; with perhaps 10–15 between anterior stigmatic setae, 2–4 on each side between stigmatic clefts and maybe about 6–11 (few) on each side of abdomen; anal lobe setae possibly absent. Stigmatic clefts quite deep, each with a group of 30–40 (22–39) stigmatic setae in a compact group extending onto dorsum, each group about as long as wide; setae very variable in shape and size, each dome-shaped or conical, smallest about 6.0 µm wide and 5.0 µm long but most 8.0–10.0 wide at base and 7.0–9.0 µm long, plus 1–3 rather larger setae near dorsal margin of each group, each up to 15 µm wide and 12 µm long, some with flat apices. Eyespots rather small and inconspicuous, each about 15–17 µm wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFA5F833FF4AF9BCBAB7E2D4" blockId="47.[150,1437,355,2036]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA5F833FF4AF9BCBA3FE3D8" box="[199,284,1652,1676]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="47" pageNumber="48" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA5F833FF4AF9BCBA36E3DF" bold="true" box="[199,277,1652,1676]" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Venter</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm entirely membranous in young specimens but anterior margin in cephalic area becoming heavily sclerotised when mature. Pregenital disc-pores present around vulva and across preceding segment and then mainly submedially on each side of segments V–II. Spiracular disc-pores in bands slightly wider than peritremes but with a few extending medially past peritreme. Ventral microducts showing nothing distinctive. Ventral tubular ducts each with a short inner ductule, sometimes slightly bulbous at base; ducts arranged in sparse submarginal band interrupted only by stigmatic furrows, most numerous in cephalic area; also present medially on most abdominal segments and on meta- and mesothorax. Submarginal setae apparently very scarce, much less frequent than marginal setae but similar.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFA5F82CFF4AF85CB8E9E5A4" blockId="47.[150,1437,355,2036]" lastBlockId="48.[151,1436,151,500]" lastPageId="48" lastPageNumber="49" pageId="47" pageNumber="48">Antennae each with 6 segments, segment III with 0–2 pseudo-articulations; total length 195–210 (182–215) µm. Clypeolabral shield about 150–160 (145–175) µm long. Spiracular peritremes each 42–60 (45–65) µm wide. Legs rather small; with separate tibia and tarsus (although this sometimes obscure with tibia and tarsus appearing fused) but no sclerosis; tarsal digitules 34 µm long; claw digitules dissimilar, 1 much broader than other, each 24 µm long; each claw with a small denticle; lengths in µm of metathoracic legs: coxa 75–90 (78–108); trochanter + femur 98–105 (90–120); tibia 62–70 (70–83); tarsus 45–54 (53–65), and claw 20 (20–23).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFBAF82CFF4AFECBB9AAE4A7" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFBAF82CFF4AFECBBE7FE4FF" blockId="48.[151,1436,151,500]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFBAF82CFF4AFECBBA6AE44F" bold="true" box="[199,329,259,284]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" reason="1">Discussion.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFBAF82CFEDBFECCB91EE448" authority="De Lotto" authorityName="De Lotto" box="[342,573,260,284]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rusticus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFBAF82CFEDBFECCBAF2E44F" box="[342,465,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">C. rusticus</emphasis>
De Lotto
</taxonomicName>
is most similar
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFBAF82CFD7FFECCB85FE44F" baseAuthorityName="De Lotto" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[754,892,260,284]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deceptrix">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFBAF82CFD7FFECCB85FE44F" box="[754,892,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">C. deceptrix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but differs in having many more ventral tubular ducts submarginally plus some ducts medially on both the abdomen and posteriorly on the thorax. In addition, on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFBAF82CFF1AFE84BA32E437" box="[151,273,332,356]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rusticus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFBAF82CFF1AFE84BA32E437" box="[151,273,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">C. rusticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the clear areas dorsad to the stigmatic clefts appear to have coalesced into one large clear area on each side and there appears to be no clear areas latero-posteriorly on the abdomen, so that there are perhaps only 4 clear areas in all;
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFBAF82CFE92FE5CBA82E4FF" baseAuthorityName="De Lotto" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[287,417,404,428]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deceptrix">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFBAF82CFE92FE5CBA82E4FF" box="[287,417,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">C deceptrix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has the normal 8 clear areas. For further comparisons, see above under
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFBAF82CFB41FE5CBE7FE4FF" box="[1228,1372,404,428]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFBAF82CFB41FE5CBE7BE4FF" baseAuthorityName="De Lotto" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[1228,1368,404,428]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deceptrix">C. deceptrix</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFBAF82CFF4AFE70B9AAE4A7" blockId="48.[151,1436,151,500]" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFBAF82CFF4AFE70BA68E49C" box="[199,331,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFBAF82CFF4AFE70BA64E49C" box="[199,327,440,464]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rusticus">C. rusticus</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
like
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFBAF82CFE06FE70B93BE483" baseAuthorityName="De Lotto" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[395,536,440,464]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deceptrix">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFBAF82CFE06FE70B93BE483" box="[395,536,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">C. deceptrix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, is only known from
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FFBAF82CFC90FE7FB8E6E49C" box="[797,965,439,463]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Cape Province</collectingRegion>
in
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFBAF82CFC7CFE7FBFA7E49C" box="[1009,1156,439,463]" name="South Africa" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">South Africa</collectingCountry>
where it has only been collected on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFBAF82CFEABFE14B9A6E4A7" box="[294,645,476,500]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Scrophulariaceae" genus="Selago" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="48" pageNumber="49" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFBAF82CFEABFE14BA51E4A7" box="[294,370,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="48" pageNumber="49">Selago</emphasis>
spp. (Scrophulariaceae)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

361
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<paragraph id="B3003682FFADF83BFF1AFBCAB90AE14F" blockId="39.[151,553,1026,1085]" box="[151,553,1026,1052]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<heading id="E84881EEFFADF83BFF1AFBCAB90AE14F" bold="true" box="[151,553,1026,1052]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFADF83BFF1AFBCAB90AE14F" ID-CoL="T3ZJ" authority="(De Lotto)" baseAuthorityName="De Lotto" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[151,553,1026,1052]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deceptrix">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFADF83BFF1AFBCAB90AE14F" bold="true" box="[151,553,1026,1052]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFADF83BFF1AFBCABABAE14F" bold="true" box="[151,409,1026,1052]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Ceroplastes deceptrix</emphasis>
(De Lotto)
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFADF83BFF1AFBEDBADDE16E" box="[151,510,1061,1085]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="description">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFADF83BFF1AFBEDBADDE16E" blockId="39.[151,553,1026,1085]" box="[151,510,1061,1085]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
(
<figureCitation id="2B842A07FFADF83BFF12FBEDBA20E16E" box="[159,259,1061,1085]" captionStart="FIGURES 2–9" captionStartId="10.[151,257,1622,1643]" captionTargetBox="[165,1419,181,1588]" captionTargetId="figure-325@10.[154,1438,176,1614]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 2–9. 2. C. destructor Newstead, adult females on Bursaria spinosa, Australia (P.J. Gullan). Note that the waxy tests appear rather variable in shape and that the white of the stigmatic wax bands show up very clearly. 3. C. deceptrix (De Lotto), young adult females on unknown host, South Africa (J. Giliomee). Note: the shape of the older wax tests is much modified by the presence of other tests and also the plant’s twigs. However, the younger tests do have a distinct shape and show plates and white stigmatic wax bands. 4. C. deceptrix (De Lotto), mature adult female on unknown host, South Africa (J.H. Giliomee). Note: this is a very old test and it is possible that the wax is beginning to dry out. The dorsal nucleus is just visible. 5. C. rubens Maskell, adult female on Philodendron sp., Colombia (T. Kondo). Note: this is a particularly brightly coloured specimen; also note the characteristic shape of the test and the unusual distribution of the stigmatic wax bands (anterior end to right). 6. C. stellifera (Westwood), on leaf of Schefflera sp., Colombia (T. Kondo). Note: mature adult females red, younger adults rather hyaline (posterior end with short wax rays); plus a 1st- instar nymph. 7. C. rusci Linnaeus, adult females, on Pistacia lentiscus, from Capri, southern Italy (G. Pellizzari). Note: the wax on these specimens is nearly white and test divided into well-defined wax plates. 8. C. rusci Linnaeus, adult females, on Ficus sp., from Leganaro (G. Pellizzari). As for FIGURE 7 but note the pink tinge to the wax of the test. 9. C. theobromae Newstead, adult females. Dried material (MNHN), off Ficus sp., Democratic Republic of Congo (A.L.B.G. Peronti). Note how the wax of dried tests becomes rather clear once much of the water has evaporated." pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Figs 3, 4</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2B842A07FFADF83BFE9DFBEDBA0DE16E" box="[272,302,1061,1085]" captionStart="FIGURE 28" captionStartId="39.[151,244,1833,1854]" captionText="FIGURE 28. C. deceptrix (De Lotto). South Africa, Calitzdorp, on unknown plant, 10.v.2009, N. Landman (SANC). For explanation of labels, see p. 9; S = submarginal seta; Z = labium, Notes: (i) dorsal loculate microducts of intermediate-type; (ii) dorsal setae short, subequal to width of basal socket; (iii) stigmatic setae in a compact, round to oval group; (iv) each group of stigmatic setae with 3-5 larger setae; (v) ventral tubular ducts present anteriorly and posteriorly and also in a very sparse submarginal band; (vi) ventral tubular ducts absent medially on thorax; (vii) multilocular disc-pores present medially in more anterior abdominal segments; (viii) legs without a tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis, and (ix) claw digitules only slightly different." pageId="39" pageNumber="40">28</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2B842A07FFADF83BFEB7FBEDBA79E16E" box="[314,346,1061,1085]" captionStart="FIGURE 29" captionStartId="42.[151,244,1987,2008]" captionText="FIGURE 29. C. deceptrix (De Lotto). South Africa, Stellenbosch, Jonkershoek, on Anthospermum sp., 3.x.2008, J. Giliomee (BMNH). For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes as for FIGURE 28." pageId="39" pageNumber="40">29</figureCitation>
: Map fig. 103)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFADF83BFF1AFBA5B999E1F2" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFADF83BFF1AFBA5B965E1D0" blockId="39.[151,698,1133,1186]" box="[151,582,1133,1155]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFFADF83BFF1AFBA5B965E1D0" box="[151,582,1133,1155]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FFADF83BFF1AFBA5B961E1D0" author="De Lotto, G." box="[151,578,1133,1155]" page="200" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" year="1965">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFADF83BFF1AFBA5B961E1D0" ID-CoL="6K9YQ" authority="De Lotto, 1965: 200" authorityName="De Lotto" authorityPageNumber="200" authorityYear="1965" box="[151,578,1133,1155]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Gascardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deceptrix">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFADF83BFF1AFBA5BA48E1D0" box="[151,363,1133,1155]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Gascardia deceptrix</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFADF83BFEFFFBA6B961E1D0" author="De Lotto, G." box="[370,578,1133,1155]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" pagination="174 - 239" refId="ref184199" refString="De Lotto, G. (1965) On some Coccidae (Homoptera), chiefly from Africa. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology, London 16, 174 - 239." type="journal article" year="1965">De Lotto, 1965: 200</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFADF83BFF1AFB44B999E1F2" blockId="39.[151,698,1133,1186]" box="[151,698,1163,1186]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFFADF83BFF1AFB44B999E1F2" box="[151,698,1163,1186]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFADF83BFF1AFB44BACBE1F2" ID-CoL="T3ZJ" authority="(De Lotto)" baseAuthorityName="De Lotto" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[151,488,1163,1186]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deceptrix">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFADF83BFF1AFB44BA50E1F1" box="[151,371,1164,1186]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Ceroplastes deceptrix</emphasis>
(De Lotto)
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FFADF83BFE7FFB44B995E1F2" author="Ben-Dov, Y." box="[498,694,1163,1185]" page="30" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" year="1993">
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFADF83BFE7FFB44B995E1F2" author="Ben-Dov, Y." box="[498,694,1163,1185]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" refId="ref183122" refString="Ben-Dov, Y. (1993) A Systematic Catalogue of Soft Scales of the World. Sandhill Crane Press, Inc., Florida, USA, Flora &amp; Fauna Handbook 9, 563 p." type="book" year="1993">Ben-Dov, 1993: 30</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFADF837FF1AFB06BE14E44F" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFADF83BFF1AFB06B99DE059" blockId="39.[151,1436,1230,1723]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFADF83BFF1AFB06BAA1E1B4" bold="true" box="[151,386,1230,1255]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Material examined:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFFADF83BFE04FB07B99AE059" collectingDate="1962-05-17" collectionCode="USNM" country="South Africa" location="Munting" municipality="Clanwilliam District" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFADF83BFE04FB07BAD5E1B4" bold="true" box="[393,502,1231,1255]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFADF83BFE04FB07BAD5E1B4" box="[393,502,1231,1255]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFFADF83BFE73FB07B930E1B5" box="[510,531,1231,1254]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
,
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFADF83BFDADFB06B9E3E1B4" bold="true" box="[544,704,1230,1255]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFADF83BFDADFB06B998E1B4" box="[544,699,1230,1255]" name="South Africa" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">South Africa</collectingCountry>
,
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FFADF83BFD45FB07B8F2E1B5" box="[712,977,1230,1254]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Western Cape Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="5364ACF8FFADF83BFC51FB06BFE7E1B5" box="[988,1220,1230,1254]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Clanwilliam District</collectingMunicipality>
,
<collectedFrom id="00A3757FFFADF83BFB42FB07BEB7E1B5" box="[1231,1428,1230,1254]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFADF83BFB7FFB06BEB7E1B5" box="[1266,1428,1230,1254]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Rhus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undulata">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFADF83BFB7FFB06BEB7E1B5" box="[1266,1428,1230,1254]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Rhus undulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
,
<date id="C7011042FFADF83BFF1AFB3ABA24E059" box="[151,263,1266,1290]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" value="1962-05-17">
<collectingDate id="D745E9AAFFADF83BFF1AFB3ABA24E059" box="[151,263,1266,1290]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" value="1962-05-17">17.v.1962</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<location id="B6606059FFADF83BFE9EFB3ABA50E059" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FFADF837FF1AFBCABAE3E664:B6606059FFADF83BFE9EFB3ABA50E059" box="[275,371,1266,1290]" country="South Africa" municipality="Clanwilliam District" name="Munting" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" stateProvince="Western Cape">Munting</location>
(
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFADF83BFE0FFB3ABAF9E059" box="[386,474,1266,1290]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
): 1/1 (young, good)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFADF83BFF4AFADEBFD4E321" blockId="39.[151,1436,1230,1723]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFADF83BFF4AFADEBA8BE07C" bold="true" box="[199,424,1302,1327]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
Also:
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFADF83BFE83FADEBA8BE07C" box="[270,424,1302,1327]" name="South Africa" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">South Africa</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
,
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FFADF83BFE35FADFB9E7E07D" box="[440,708,1302,1326]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Western Cape Province</collectingRegion>
, Calitzdorp, unknown host,
<date id="C7011042FFADF83BFB8AFADEBF5BE07D" box="[1031,1144,1302,1326]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" value="2009-05-10">10.v.2009</date>
, Nina Landman (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFADF83BFAB2FADEBEB2E07D" box="[1343,1425,1302,1326]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" name="Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="Museum">SANC</collectionCode>
): 4/7 (fair-good);
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FFADF83BFEDCFAF3B943E001" box="[337,608,1338,1362]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Western Cape Province</collectingRegion>
, Barrydale, Brandrivier Farm,
<date id="C7011042FFADF83BFC48FAF2BF14E001" box="[965,1079,1338,1362]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" value="2008-10-31">31.x.2008</date>
,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFADF83BFBCBFAF3BA91E025" authority="subsp. hirta, Nina Landman (BMNH)" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Aspalathus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="hirta" subSpecies="hirta">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFADF83BFBCBFAF3BE27E000" box="[1094,1284,1339,1363]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Aspalathus hirta</emphasis>
subsp.
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFADF83BFAD3FAF3BEB7E000" box="[1374,1428,1339,1363]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">hirta</emphasis>
, Nina Landman (BMNH)
</taxonomicName>
: 1/2 (good); as previous but collected
<date id="C7011042FFADF83BFCEAFA96B8FCE025" box="[871,991,1374,1398]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" value="2009-04-14">14.iv.2009</date>
, C.J. Hodgson &amp; J. Giliomee (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFADF83BFAB2FA96BEBBE025" box="[1343,1432,1374,1398]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">BMNH</collectionCode>
;
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFADF83BFF1AFA4ABBC4E0C9" box="[151,231,1410,1434]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" name="Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="Museum">SANC</collectionCode>
): 6/7 (fair-good);
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FFADF83BFE3CFA4BB99FE0C9" box="[433,700,1410,1434]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Western Cape Province</collectingRegion>
, Kalkbaai,
<date id="C7011042FFADF83BFCB1FA4AB8E5E0C9" box="[828,966,1410,1434]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" value="2009-08-15">15.viii.2009</date>
, on
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFADF83BFC7AFA4BBFC7E0C8" box="[1015,1252,1411,1435]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFADF83BFC7AFA4BBF50E0C8" box="[1015,1139,1411,1435]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Aspalathus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Aspalathus</taxonomicName>
?carnosa
</emphasis>
, Caroline Voget (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFADF83BFF12FA6EBBDBE0ED" box="[159,248,1446,1470]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">BMNH</collectionCode>
;
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFADF83BFE9CFA6EBA42E0ED" box="[273,353,1446,1470]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" name="Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="Museum">SANC</collectionCode>
): 4/4 (fair-good);
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FFADF83BFDDCFA6FB856E0ED" box="[593,885,1446,1470]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Western Cape Province</collectingRegion>
, Stellenbosch, Jonkershoek,
<date id="C7011042FFADF83BFB6DFA6EBE67E0ED" box="[1248,1348,1446,1470]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" value="2008-10-03">3.x.2008</date>
,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFADF83BFAD3FA6FB901E0B1" authority=", J. Giliomee (BMNH)" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" genus="Erica" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sphaeroides">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFADF83BFAD3FA6FBA3EE0B0" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Erica sphaeroides</emphasis>
, J. Giliomee (BMNH)
</taxonomicName>
: 1/2 (good); as previous but on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFADF83BFC03FA03BEBBE0B1" authority="(BMNH, SANC)" baseAuthorityName="BMNH, SANC" box="[910,1432,1482,1507]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Anthospermum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aethiopicum">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFADF83BFC03FA03BFE8E0B0" box="[910,1227,1483,1507]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Anthospermum aethiopicum</emphasis>
(BMNH, SANC)
</taxonomicName>
: 5/5 (fair); as previous but on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFADF83BFE7EFA26B95DE355" box="[499,638,1518,1542]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Thesiaceae" genus="Thesium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Santalales" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFADF83BFE7EFA26B971E355" box="[499,594,1518,1542]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Thesium</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7011042FFADF83BFD03FA26B825E355" box="[654,774,1518,1542]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" value="2009-04-12">12.iv.2009</date>
, C.J. Hodgson (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFADF83BFC4EFA26BF3DE355" box="[963,1054,1518,1542]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 2/2 (fair-poor); as previous but
<date id="C7011042FFADF83BFF1AF9DABA2AE379" box="[151,265,1554,1578]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" value="2008-10-15">15.x.2008</date>
, J. Giliomee (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFADF83BFE21F9DAB924E379" box="[428,519,1554,1578]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/1 (fair);
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FFADF83BFD19F9DBB882E379" box="[660,929,1554,1578]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Western Cape Province</collectingRegion>
, Paarl, on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFADF83BFB93F9DBBFDAE379" box="[1054,1273,1555,1579]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Aspalathus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spinosa">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFADF83BFB93F9DBBFDAE379" box="[1054,1273,1555,1579]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Aspalathus spinosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7011042FFADF83BFA87F9DABE56E379" box="[1290,1397,1554,1578]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" value="1974-04-04">4.iv.1974</date>
, C. Voget (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFADF83BFF6BF9FEBA10E31D" box="[230,307,1590,1614]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" name="Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="Museum">SANC</collectionCode>
#5176): 3/3 (good); as previous but #5308 (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFADF83BFCABF9FEB854E31D" box="[806,887,1590,1614]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" name="Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="Museum">SANC</collectionCode>
): 2/2 (fair-good);
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FFADF83BFBB2F9FFBE62E31D" box="[1087,1345,1590,1614]" country="South Africa" name="Eastern Cape" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Eastern Cape Province</collectingRegion>
, Coega, on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFADF83BFF37F993B9F4E320" box="[186,727,1626,1651]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Chrysanthemum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="monilifera" subGenus="Chrysanthemoides">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFADF83BFF37F993BA52E320" box="[186,369,1627,1651]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Chrysanthemum</emphasis>
(
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFADF83BFE0FF993B971E320" box="[386,594,1627,1651]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Chrysanthemoides</emphasis>
)
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFADF83BFDEFF993B9F4E320" box="[610,727,1627,1651]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">monilifera</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7011042FFADF83BFD68F992B86CE321" box="[741,847,1626,1650]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" value="1978-04-04">4.iv.1978</date>
, S. Neser (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFADF83BFC45F992BF36E321" box="[968,1045,1626,1650]" country="South Africa" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34248" name="Agricultural Research Council-Plant Protection Research Institute" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="Museum">SANC</collectionCode>
#5435): 1/1 (good).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFADF83BFF4AF9B7BA46E3E9" blockId="39.[151,1436,1230,1723]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFADF83BFF4AF9B7BBDCE3C4" bold="true" box="[199,255,1663,1687]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">Note</emphasis>
. Main description from very young
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFADF83BFD2CF9B7B822E3C4" box="[673,769,1663,1687]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" type="paratype">paratype</typeStatus>
specimen; data in brackets refer to a range of more mature non-type material.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E7C0660AFFADF83BFF1AF8E1B8CEE28D" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" startId="39.[151,244,1833,1854]">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFADF83BFF1AF8E1B8CEE28D" blockId="39.[151,1436,1833,2014]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFADF83BFF1AF8E1BA3BE26D" bold="true" box="[151,280,1833,1854]" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">FIGURE 28.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFADF83BFEAEF8E2B925E26D" authority="(De Lotto)" baseAuthorityName="De Lotto" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[291,518,1833,1855]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="39" pageNumber="40" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deceptrix">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFADF83BFEAEF8E2BAB4E26C" box="[291,407,1834,1855]" italics="true" pageId="39" pageNumber="40">C. deceptrix</emphasis>
(De Lotto)
</taxonomicName>
. South Africa, Calitzdorp, on unknown plant, 10.v.2009, N. Landman (SANC). For explanation of labels, see p. 9; S = submarginal seta; Z = labium, Notes: (i) dorsal loculate microducts of intermediate-type; (ii) dorsal setae short, subequal to width of basal socket; (iii) stigmatic setae in a compact, round to oval group; (iv) each group of stigmatic setae with 3-5 larger setae; (v) ventral tubular ducts present anteriorly and posteriorly and also in a very sparse submarginal band; (vi) ventral tubular ducts absent medially on thorax; (vii) multilocular disc-pores present medially in more anterior abdominal segments; (viii) legs without a tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis, and (ix) claw digitules only slightly different.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFA0F836FF4AFF50B886E4D4" blockId="42.[151,1437,151,1904]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA0F836FF4AFF50BAE0E5FC" box="[199,451,151,176]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA0F836FF4AFF50BA9FE5E3" bold="true" box="[199,444,151,176]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Unmounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
“Young adult females moderately convex, elliptical, about
<quantity id="74479B67FFA0F836FBFCFF5FBF97E5FC" box="[1137,1204,151,175]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
long; wax test thin, fairly hard and brittle, not divided into plates; dorsum with a small depression at the centre of which is a minute elongate opaque white boss; colour semitransparent white; lateral margin with 2 narrow bands of snow-white wax arising from the stigmatic clefts. Full-grown adult females not seen” (
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFA0F836FC11FECCBFA0E44F" author="De Lotto, G." box="[924,1155,260,284]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="174 - 239" refId="ref184199" refString="De Lotto, G. (1965) On some Coccidae (Homoptera), chiefly from Africa. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology, London 16, 174 - 239." type="journal article" year="1965">De Lotto, 1965: 200</bibRefCitation>
). Wax of older examples (from Barrydale) white, amorphous, quite hard but watery when squashed, very thick (up to about
<quantity id="74479B67FFA0F836FA8AFEEFBE68E46C" box="[1287,1355,295,319]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 mm</quantity>
thick); stigmatic wax lines narrow, in deepish indentations, very white and linear; anal opening in a deep pit. Dorsal area with a small glassy boss. Largest adults
<quantity id="74479B67FFA0F836FD94FEA7B945E4D4" box="[537,614,367,391]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
long and about
<quantity id="74479B67FFA0F836FC98FEA7B841E4D4" box="[789,866,367,391]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="mm" value="18.0">18 mm</quantity>
wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFA0F836FF4AFE5CB881E744" blockId="42.[151,1437,151,1904]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA0F836FF4AFE5CBA8BE4F8" box="[199,424,403,428]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA0F836FF4AFE5CBA82E4FF" bold="true" box="[199,417,403,428]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Mounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Youngest adults broadly oval, with small lateral processes and a distinct dorsal process, but these becoming much more pronounced on older individuals, particularly that dorsally, so that fully-mature specimens are about as wide as long. Stigmatic clefts quite deep. Caudal process conical, pointing dorsoposteriorly. Length about 1.4 (1.9–4.4) mm, width 1.0 (1.6–3.5) mm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFA0F836FF4AFDECB9AEE104" blockId="42.[151,1437,151,1904]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA0F836FF4AFDECBA0DE768" box="[199,302,548,572]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA0F836FF4AFDECBA04E76F" bold="true" box="[199,295,548,572]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Dorsum</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm membranous except for heavily sclerotised caudal process. Caudal process about 0.3 (0.52–1.28) mm long; width across flattened process 0.4 (0.6–1.5) mm. Derm with 8 clear areas (although these are sometimes small and indistinct), each with dorsal setae rare or absent. Dorsal setae each somewhat variable in shape but short, length less than or subequal to width of basal socket, length 2.5 (2.0–4.5) µm; basal socket width about 3.0–3.5 µm; each seta blunt but longer setae with slightly converging sides (those from Jonkershoek quite sharply pointed); present sparsely throughout but absent in clear areas. Dorsal pores: (i) loculate microducts of intermediate
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFA0F836FEA1FD34BA7CE647" box="[300,351,764,788]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">type</typeStatus>
, with a large central (primary) loculus and 1–4 (1–6) small satellite loculi, primary loculus as large as or larger than satellite loculi; those with 2 or 3 loculi most abundant; microducts with 1 satellite loculus about 2.5–3.0 µm widest, those with 4 satellite loculi about 5 µm widest; apparently randomly distributed and abundant throughout but absent from all clear areas; those with 2–4 satellite loculi becoming less abundant near clear areas; wax-plate lines absent; and (ii) simple microducts, each about 1 µm wide, only detected in clear areas. Preopercular pores: with 16–20 (15–40) pores in a broad band 2–4 pores wide anterior to anal plates and extending a short distance down lateral margin when pores abundant. Anal plates rather elongate; each 134 (150–160) µm long, combined widths about 132 (100–155) µm, each with 3 long, stout dorsal setae, each about 40–70 µm long, plus a smaller setose seta apically, about 20–30 µm long. Anal tube quite short, subequal to length of anal plates; anal ring setae each about 150–170 µm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFA0F836FF4AFBABBE42E024" blockId="42.[151,1437,151,1904]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA0F836FF4AFBABBA0BE128" box="[199,296,1123,1148]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA0F836FF4AFBABBA02E12F" bold="true" box="[199,289,1123,1148]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Margin</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Marginal setae each stoutly setose, about 14–21 (20) µm long; very sparse, with perhaps 4 or 5 (5) between eyespots anteriorly, 1–3 between eyespots and anterior stigmatic cleft, and 4 or 5 (2–4) between stigmatic clefts and 12 or 13 on each side of abdomen; each anal lobe with 3 (1–3) longer setae, longest about 18–33 (23–35) µm long. Stigmatic clefts quite deep, each with a group of bluntly conical stigmatic setae; each group approximately round to slightly wider than long; each with 30–50 (32–70) setae; most setae with somewhat straight sides and a blunt to very blunt apex, most 6–7 (9–12) µm wide and 6–8 (7–12) µm long but each group with 2–7 obviously larger setae distributed rather randomly, each larger seta mostly evenly rounded but some with flat apices, each about 15–18 µm wide and 12–14 µm long. Eyespots unusually small, each 24 (13–20) µm wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFA0F836FF4AFA4CB9E1E257" blockId="42.[151,1437,151,1904]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA0F836FF4AFA4CBA3FE0C8" box="[199,284,1412,1436]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA0F836FF4AFA4CBA36E0CF" bold="true" box="[199,277,1412,1436]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Venter</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm entirely membranous. Pregenital disc-pores abundant around genital opening (segment VII) and across preceding segment, plus (on non-type specimens) as follows: metathorax 0–1; and medially on abdominal segment II 0–1, III 0–2, IV 2–18, V 13–35 and, mediolaterally in each anogenital fold: II 0, III 0–2, IV 0–3; V 2–25. Spiracular disc-pores each with 5 or 6 loculi (occasionally more), present in broad bands of 100–210 pores; each band with a few pores extending medially past peritreme. Ventral microducts scarce or absent medially on abdomen. Ventral tubular ducts each with inner ductule usually obscure but occasionally visible and sometimes appearing to be swollen basally; present in a rather dense group of about 40–90+ in cephalic region, plus occasional ducts submarginally in each thoracic segment and anteriorly on abdomen; also present in a fairly dense group associated with anogenital fold and extending up mediolateral margins of most abdominal segments plus sparsely medially on abdominal segments IV–VI (VII?). Submarginal setae frequent, very similar to marginal setae but shorter, each about 15 (10–13) µm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFA0F836FF4AF8C7B810E23C" blockId="42.[151,1437,151,1904]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Antennae each with 6 segments, but segment III with 2 (0–1) pseudo-articulations, occasionally very distinct; total length 236 (220–260) µm. Clypeolabral shield about 216 (145–200) µm long. Spiracles: width of anterior peritremes 50–70 µm; posterior peritremes 55–85 µm wide.</paragraph>
<caption id="E7C0660AFFA0F836FF1AF80BB866E2A5" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" startId="42.[151,244,1987,2008]">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFA0F836FF1AF80BB866E2A5" blockId="42.[151,1436,1987,2038]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA0F836FF1AF80BBA3FE28B" bold="true" box="[151,284,1987,2008]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">FIGURE 29.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFA0F836FEBCF80CB901E28A" authority="(De Lotto)" baseAuthorityName="De Lotto" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[305,546,1988,2009]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deceptrix">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA0F836FEBCF80CBA89E28A" box="[305,426,1988,2009]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">C. deceptrix</emphasis>
(De Lotto)
</taxonomicName>
. South Africa, Stellenbosch, Jonkershoek, on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFA0F836FC73F80CBF94E28A" box="[1022,1207,1988,2009]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Anthospermum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA0F836FC73F80CBFACE28A" box="[1022,1167,1988,2009]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Anthospermum</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
, 3.x.2008, J. Giliomee (BMNH). For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes as for FIGURE 28.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFA1F837FF1AFF50BE14E44F" blockId="43.[151,1437,151,823]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Legs well developed, each without a tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis; claw denticle either small and distinct or obscure; claw digitules both broad on some specimens but usually with 1 slightly narrower than other; tarsal digitules quite short, subequal to length of claw digitules; dimensions of metathoracic legs (µm): coxa 95 (110–135); trochanter + femur 132 (125–160); tibia 95 (90–110); tarsus 63 (54–75), and claw 22 (25–27).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFA1F837FF4AFEEFBAE3E664" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFA1F837FF4AFEEFBA6BE76F" blockId="43.[151,1437,151,823]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA1F837FF4AFEEFBA6BE46C" box="[199,328,295,320]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA1F837FF4AFEEFBA61E413" bold="true" box="[199,322,295,320]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Discussion</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
In having ventral tubular ducts submarginally in the thorax and/or abdomen, and short blunt dorsal setae,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFA1F837FF57FE84BA41E437" baseAuthorityName="De Lotto" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[218,354,332,356]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deceptrix">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA1F837FF57FE84BA41E437" box="[218,354,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">C. deceptrix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
resembles
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFA1F837FE52FE84B9FBE437" authority="(De Lotto)" baseAuthorityName="De Lotto" box="[479,728,332,356]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rusticus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA1F837FE52FE84B97BE437" box="[479,600,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">C. rusticus</emphasis>
(De Lotto)
</taxonomicName>
. It differs in having (character-states of
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFA1F837FB1FFE84BE28E437" box="[1170,1291,332,356]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rusticus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA1F837FB1FFE84BE28E437" box="[1170,1291,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">C. rusticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in brackets): (i) white wax (pale yellow); (ii) ventral tubular ducts not present medially on thorax (present); (iii) tubular ducts very sparse submarginally on thorax and absent submarginally on abdomen (fairly evenly distributed along entire submargin of body), and (iv) claw digitules of only slightly different sizes (very different). In having submarginal tubular ducts,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFA1F837FEB5FE14BAE1E4A7" baseAuthorityName="De Lotto" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[312,450,476,500]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deceptrix">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA1F837FEB5FE14BAE1E4A7" box="[312,450,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">C. deceptrix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFA1F837FE76FE14B955E4A7" box="[507,630,476,500]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rusticus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA1F837FE76FE14B955E4A7" box="[507,630,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">C. rusticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are also somewhat similar to young
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFA1F837FB95FE14BE27E4A7" authorityName="Targioni Tozzetti. As" authorityYear="1893" box="[1048,1284,476,500]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Gascardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA1F837FB95FE14BE27E4A7" box="[1048,1284,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">C. madagascariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but the latter has much longer, rather capitate dorsal setae, many more stigmatic setae and multilocular disc-pores which extend onto the thorax.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFA1F837FF4AFD80BA71E7F4" blockId="43.[151,1437,151,823]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFA1F837FF4AFD80BA73E733" baseAuthorityName="De Lotto" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[199,336,584,608]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deceptrix">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA1F837FF4AFD80BA73E733" box="[199,336,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">C. deceptrix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appears to be restricted to the
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FFA1F837FD2AFD8FB9C2E70C" box="[679,737,583,607]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Cape</collectingRegion>
area of
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFA1F837FCB1FD8FB8EFE70C" box="[828,972,583,607]" name="South Africa" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">South Africa</collectingCountry>
where it is quite widespread. It has been collected on a range of hosts belonging to the following families:
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFA1F837FC0CFDA4BF0AE7D7" box="[897,1065,620,644]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Anacardiaceae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFA1F837FBB8FDA4BF86E7D7" box="[1077,1189,620,644]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Ericaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Ericaceae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFA1F837FB3CFDA4BE3FE7D7" box="[1201,1308,620,644]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFA1F837FAA5FDA4BEBFE7D7" box="[1320,1436,620,644]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rubiaceae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFA1F837FF4BFD47BA6DE7F4" box="[198,334,655,679]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Santalaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Santalales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Santalaceae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFA1F837FF4AFD7DBAE3E664" blockId="43.[151,1437,151,823]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFA1F837FF4AFD7DBA0CE79F" box="[199,303,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Variation</emphasis>
: specimens from Calitzdorp and Jonkershoek have fewer ventral tubular ducts in the cephalic region and almost no loculate dorsal microducts with 4 or more satellite loculi. Those from Barrydale have more tubular ducts in cephalic region and loculate microducts with even 6 satellite loculi not uncommon, while those from Kalkbaai are intermediate.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<paragraph id="B3003682FFAEF838FF1AFC8AB940E60F" blockId="36.[151,611,834,893]" box="[151,611,834,860]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<heading id="E84881EEFFAEF838FF1AFC8AB940E60F" bold="true" box="[151,611,834,860]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFAEF838FF1AFC8AB940E60F" ID-CoL="T3Z2" authority="Comstock" authorityName="Comstock" box="[151,611,834,860]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cirripediformis">
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<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFAEF838FF1AFC8ABAFDE60F" bold="true" box="[151,478,834,860]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Ceroplastes cirripediformis</emphasis>
Comstock
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="B3003682FFAEF838FF1AFCADBABAE62E" blockId="36.[151,611,834,893]" box="[151,409,869,893]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
(
<figureCitation id="2B842A07FFAEF838FF12FCADBBD0E62E" box="[159,243,869,893]" captionStart="FIGURE 27" captionStartId="37.[151,244,1829,1850]" captionTargetBox="[171,1436,223,1805]" captionTargetId="figure-94@37.[151,1436,197,1812]" captionTargetPageId="37" captionText="FIGURE 27. C. cirripediformis Comstock. Modified after Gimpel et al. (1974). For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes: (i) dorsal setae rather short and predominantly capitate; (ii) dorsal loculate microducts of intermediate-type; (iii) each group of stigmatic setae broadly triangular, extending laterally out of cleft; (iv) ventral tubular ducts present both anteriorly and posteriorly; (v) multilocular disc-pores extending anteriorly onto thorax; (vi) legs with a tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis, and (vii) antennae 7 segmented." pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Fig. 27</figureCitation>
; Map fig. 103)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFAEF838FF1AFC65B8CCE184" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFAEF838FF1AFC65B9B6E690" blockId="36.[151,1065,941,1239]" box="[151,661,941,963]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFFAEF838FF1AFC65B9B6E690" box="[151,661,941,963]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FFAEF838FF1AFC65B9B2E690" author="Comstock, J. H." box="[151,657,941,963]" page="333" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" year="1881">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFAEF838FF1AFC65B9B2E690" ID-CoL="T3Z2" authority="Comstock, 1881: 333" authorityName="Comstock" authorityPageNumber="333" authorityYear="1881" box="[151,657,941,963]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cirripediformis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFAEF838FF1AFC65BA8DE690" box="[151,430,941,963]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Ceroplastes cirripediformis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFAEF838FE38FC65B9B2E690" author="Comstock, J. H." box="[437,657,941,963]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="276 - 349" refId="ref183940" refString="Comstock, J. H. (1881) Report of the entomologist. Part II. Report on scale insects. Report of the entomologist of the USDA for the year 1880, 276 - 349." type="journal article" year="1881">Comstock, 1881: 333</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFAEF838FF1AFC04B898E6B2" blockId="36.[151,1065,941,1239]" box="[151,955,971,994]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFFAEF838FF1AFC04B898E6B2" box="[151,955,971,994]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFAEF838FF1AFC04B93CE6B2" ID-CoL="T3Z2" authority="Comstock" authorityName="Comstock" box="[151,543,971,994]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cirripediformis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFAEF838FF1AFC04BA8DE6B1" box="[151,430,972,994]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Ceroplastes cirripediformis</emphasis>
Comstock
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FFAEF838FDA4FC03B835E6B2" author="Gimpel, W. F. &amp; D. R. Miller &amp; J. A. Davidson" box="[553,790,971,994]" page="29" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" year="1974">
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFAEF838FDA4FC03B835E6B2" author="Gimpel, W. F. &amp; D. R. Miller &amp; J. A. Davidson" box="[553,790,971,994]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref185147" refString="Gimpel, W. F., D. R. Miller &amp; J. A. Davidson. (1974) A systematic revision of the scale genus Ceroplastes in the United States (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae). University of Maryland, Agricultural Experiment Station, Miscellaneous Publication 841, 1 - 85." type="journal article" year="1974">
Gimpel
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFAEF838FDF6FC04B98DE6B1" box="[635,686,972,994]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">et al.</emphasis>
, 1974: 29
</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FFAEF838FCAAFC03B894E6B2" author="Gill, R. J." box="[807,951,971,993]" page="18" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" year="1988">
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFAEF838FCAAFC03B894E6B2" author="Gill, R. J." box="[807,951,971,993]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" refId="ref185017" refString="Gill, R. J. (1988) The Scale Insects of California, Part 1. The Soft Scales (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae). California Department of Food and Agriculture, Sacramento, California. 132 pp." type="book" year="1988">Gill, 1988: 18</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
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</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFAEF838FF1AFC22BF37E153" blockId="36.[151,1065,941,1239]" box="[151,1044,1002,1024]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFFAEF838FF1AFC22BF37E153" box="[151,1044,1002,1024]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FFAEF838FF1AFC22B947E153" author="Cockerell, T. D. A." box="[151,612,1002,1024]" page="82" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" year="1893">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFAEF838FF1AFC22B947E153" ID-CoL="T44H" authority="Cockerell, 1893: 82" authorityName="Cockerell" authorityPageNumber="82" authorityYear="1893" box="[151,612,1002,1024]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="plumbaginis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFAEF838FF1AFC22BAB1E153" box="[151,402,1002,1024]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Ceroplastes plumbaginis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFAEF838FE14FC22B947E153" author="Cockerell, T. D. A." box="[409,612,1002,1024]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="80 - 83" refId="ref183729" refString="Cockerell, T. D. A. (1893) The West Indian species of Ceroplastes. The Entomologist 26, 80 - 83." type="journal article" year="1893">Cockerell, 1893: 82</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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. Synonymised by Gimpel
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFAEF838FCFBFC23B88CE153" box="[886,943,1002,1024]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">et. al.</emphasis>
, 1974: 29
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFAEF838FF1AFBC1BF35E14C" blockId="36.[151,1065,941,1239]" box="[151,1046,1033,1055]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFFAEF838FF1AFBC1BF35E14C" box="[151,1046,1033,1055]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FFAEF838FF1AFBC1B946E14C" author="Cockerell, T. D. A." box="[151,613,1033,1055]" page="17" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" year="1896">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFAEF838FF1AFBC1B946E14C" ID-CoL="T424" authority="Cockerell, 1896 a: 17" authorityName="Cockerell" authorityPageNumber="17" authorityYear="1896" box="[151,613,1033,1055]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="euphorbiae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFAEF838FF1AFBC1BAABE14C" box="[151,392,1033,1055]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Ceroplastes euphorbiae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFAEF838FE02FBC1B946E14C" author="Cockerell, T. D. A." box="[399,613,1033,1055]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="17" refId="ref183755" refString="Cockerell, T. D. A. (1896 a) Ceroplastes euphorbiae, n. sp. Psyche, Supplement 7: 17." type="journal article" year="1896">Cockerell, 1896a: 17</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
. Synonymised by Gimpel
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFAEF838FCFAFBC2B892E14C" box="[887,945,1033,1055]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">et. al.</emphasis>
, 1974: 29
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFAEF838FF1AFBE0BF36E16D" blockId="36.[151,1065,941,1239]" box="[151,1045,1064,1086]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFFAEF838FF1AFBE0BF36E16D" box="[151,1045,1064,1086]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FFAEF838FF1AFBE0B97CE16D" author="Cockerell, T. D. A." box="[151,607,1064,1086]" page="20" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" year="1896">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFAEF838FF1AFBE0B97CE16D" ID-CoL="T43W" authority="Cockerell, 1896 b: 20" authorityName="Cockerell" authorityPageNumber="20" authorityYear="1896" box="[151,607,1064,1086]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mexicanus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFAEF838FF1AFBE0BAA3E16D" box="[151,384,1064,1086]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Ceroplastes mexicanus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFAEF838FE0BFBE0B97CE16D" author="Cockerell, T. D. A." box="[390,607,1064,1086]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="31 - 39" refId="ref183781" refString="Cockerell, T. D. A. (1896 b) Notes and descriptions of the new Coccidae collected in Mexico by Prof. C. H. T. Townsend. Bulletin, United States Department of Agriculture, Division of Entomology, Technical Series 4, 31 - 39." type="book chapter" year="1896">Cockerell, 1896b: 20</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
. Synonymised by Gimpel
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFAEF838FCFDFBE1B889E16D" box="[880,938,1064,1086]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">et. al.</emphasis>
, 1974: 29
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFAEF838FF1AFB8FBF0AE10F" blockId="36.[151,1065,941,1239]" box="[151,1065,1094,1117]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFFAEF838FF1AFB8FBF0AE10F" box="[151,1065,1094,1117]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FFAEF838FF1AFB8FB96BE10F" author="Leonardi, G." box="[151,584,1094,1117]" page="264" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" year="1911">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFAEF838FF1AFB8FB96BE10F" ID-CoL="T3Y4" authority="Leonardi, 1911: 264" authorityName="Leonardi" authorityPageNumber="264" authorityYear="1911" box="[151,584,1094,1117]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="breviseta">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFAEF838FF1AFB8FBA52E10E" box="[151,369,1095,1117]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Ceroplastes breviseta</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFAEF838FEFAFB8EB96BE10F" author="Leonardi, G." box="[375,584,1094,1116]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="237 - 284" refId="ref186356" refString="Leonardi, G. (1911) Contributo alla conoscenza delle coccinglie della Republica Argentina. (In Italian). Bollettino del R. Laboratorio di Entomologia Agraria di Portici 5, 237 - 284." type="journal article" year="1911">Leonardi, 1911: 264</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
. Synonymised by
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FFAEF838FC8CFB8EBF0AE10F" author="Granara de Willink, M. C." box="[769,1065,1094,1116]" page="49" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" year="1999">
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFAEF838FC8CFB8EBF0AE10F" author="Granara de Willink, M. C." box="[769,1065,1094,1116]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 183" refId="ref185238" refString="Granara de Willink, M. C. (1999) Las cochinillas blandas de la Republica Argentina (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae). Contributions on Entomology, International 3 (1), 1 - 183." type="journal article" year="1999">Granara de Willink, 1999: 49</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFAEF838FF1AFBADB8F1E128" blockId="36.[151,1065,941,1239]" box="[151,978,1125,1147]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFFAEF838FF1AFBADB8F1E128" box="[151,978,1125,1147]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FFAEF838FF1AFBADB93DE128" author="Hempel, A." box="[151,542,1125,1147]" page="470" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" year="1900">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFAEF838FF1AFBADB93DE128" ID-CoL="T3ZF" authority="Hempel, 1900: 470" authorityName="Hempel" authorityPageNumber="470" authorityYear="1900" box="[151,542,1125,1147]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cultus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFAEF838FF1AFBADBA72E128" box="[151,337,1125,1147]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Ceroplastes cultus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFAEF838FED5FBADB93DE128" author="Hempel, A." box="[344,542,1125,1147]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="365 - 537" refId="ref185904" refString="Hempel, A. (1900) As coccidas Brasileiras. Revista do Museu Paulista. Sao Paulo 4, 365 - 537." type="journal article" year="1900">Hempel, 1900: 470</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
. Synonymised by
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FFAEF838FD50FBADB8F1E128" author="Peronti, A. L. B. G. &amp; Sousa-Silva C. R. &amp; Granara de Willink, M. C." box="[733,978,1125,1147]" page="150" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" year="2008">
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFAEF838FD50FBADB8F1E128" author="Peronti, A. L. B. G. &amp; Sousa-Silva C. R. &amp; Granara de Willink, M. C." box="[733,978,1125,1147]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="139 - 181" refId="ref187915" refString="Peronti, A. L. B. G., Sousa-Silva C. R. &amp; Granara de Willink, M. C. (2008) Revisao das Especies de Ceroplastinae (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae) que Ocorrem no Estado de Sao Paulo, Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 52 (2), 139 - 181." type="journal article" year="2008">
Peronti
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFAEF838FCA0FBAEB87AE128" box="[813,857,1125,1147]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">et al</emphasis>
., 2008: 150
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFAEF838FF1AFB4CB8D3E1CA" blockId="36.[151,1065,941,1239]" box="[151,1008,1155,1178]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFFAEF838FF1AFB4CB8D3E1CA" box="[151,1008,1155,1178]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FFAEF838FF1AFB4CB918E1CA" author="Hempel, A." box="[151,571,1155,1178]" page="491" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" year="1900">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFAEF838FF1AFB4CB918E1CA" ID-CoL="T3ZH" authority="Hempel, 1900: 491" authorityName="Hempel" authorityPageNumber="491" authorityYear="1900" box="[151,571,1155,1178]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cuneatus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFAEF838FF1AFB4CBA4CE1CA" box="[151,367,1156,1178]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Ceroplastes cuneatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFAEF838FEF8FB4BB918E1CA" author="Hempel, A." box="[373,571,1155,1177]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="365 - 537" refId="ref185904" refString="Hempel, A. (1900) As coccidas Brasileiras. Revista do Museu Paulista. Sao Paulo 4, 365 - 537." type="journal article" year="1900">Hempel, 1900: 491</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
. Synonymised by
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FFAEF838FD76FB4BB8D3E1CA" author="Peronti, A. L. B. G. &amp; Sousa-Silva C. R. &amp; Granara de Willink, M. C." box="[763,1008,1155,1178]" page="150" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" year="2008">
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFAEF838FD76FB4BB8D3E1CA" author="Peronti, A. L. B. G. &amp; Sousa-Silva C. R. &amp; Granara de Willink, M. C." box="[763,1008,1155,1178]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="139 - 181" refId="ref187915" refString="Peronti, A. L. B. G., Sousa-Silva C. R. &amp; Granara de Willink, M. C. (2008) Revisao das Especies de Ceroplastinae (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae) que Ocorrem no Estado de Sao Paulo, Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 52 (2), 139 - 181." type="journal article" year="2008">
Peronti
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFAEF838FCC7FB4CB854E1C9" box="[842,887,1156,1178]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">et al</emphasis>
., 2008: 150
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFAEF838FF1AFB6AB8E5E1EB" blockId="36.[151,1065,941,1239]" box="[151,966,1186,1208]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFFAEF838FF1AFB6AB8E5E1EB" box="[151,966,1186,1208]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FFAEF838FF1AFB6AB93BE1EB" author="Hempel, A." box="[151,536,1186,1208]" page="469" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" year="1900">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFAEF838FF1AFB6AB93BE1EB" ID-CoL="T44S" authority="Hempel, 1900: 469" authorityName="Hempel" authorityPageNumber="469" authorityYear="1900" box="[151,536,1186,1208]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rarus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFAEF838FF1AFB6ABA6FE1EB" box="[151,332,1186,1208]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Ceroplastes rarus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFAEF838FEDFFB6AB93BE1EB" author="Hempel, A." box="[338,536,1186,1208]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="365 - 537" refId="ref185904" refString="Hempel, A. (1900) As coccidas Brasileiras. Revista do Museu Paulista. Sao Paulo 4, 365 - 537." type="journal article" year="1900">Hempel, 1900: 469</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
. Synonymised by
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FFAEF838FD5FFB6AB8E5E1EB" author="Peronti, A. L. B. G. &amp; Sousa-Silva C. R. &amp; Granara de Willink, M. C." box="[722,966,1186,1208]" page="150" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" year="2008">
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFAEF838FD5FFB6AB8E5E1EB" author="Peronti, A. L. B. G. &amp; Sousa-Silva C. R. &amp; Granara de Willink, M. C." box="[722,966,1186,1208]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="139 - 181" refId="ref187915" refString="Peronti, A. L. B. G., Sousa-Silva C. R. &amp; Granara de Willink, M. C. (2008) Revisao das Especies de Ceroplastinae (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae) que Ocorrem no Estado de Sao Paulo, Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 52 (2), 139 - 181." type="journal article" year="2008">
Peronti
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFAEF838FCACFB6BB86EE1EB" box="[801,845,1186,1208]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">et al</emphasis>
., 2008: 150
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFAEF838FF1AFB09B8CCE184" blockId="36.[151,1065,941,1239]" box="[151,1007,1217,1239]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFFAEF838FF1AFB09B8CCE184" box="[151,1007,1217,1239]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FFAEF838FF1AFB09B919E184" author="Hempel, A." box="[151,570,1217,1239]" page="473" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" year="1900">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFAEF838FF1AFB09B919E184" ID-CoL="T44X" authority="Hempel, 1900: 473" authorityName="Hempel" authorityPageNumber="473" authorityYear="1900" box="[151,570,1217,1239]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rotundus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFAEF838FF1AFB09BA4DE184" box="[151,366,1217,1239]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Ceroplastes rotundus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFAEF838FEF9FB09B919E184" author="Hempel, A." box="[372,570,1217,1239]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="365 - 537" refId="ref185904" refString="Hempel, A. (1900) As coccidas Brasileiras. Revista do Museu Paulista. Sao Paulo 4, 365 - 537." type="journal article" year="1900">Hempel, 1900: 473</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
. Synonymised by
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FFAEF838FD77FB09B8CCE184" author="Peronti, A. L. B. G. &amp; Sousa-Silva C. R. &amp; Granara de Willink, M. C." box="[762,1007,1217,1239]" page="150" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" year="2008">
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFAEF838FD77FB09B8CCE184" author="Peronti, A. L. B. G. &amp; Sousa-Silva C. R. &amp; Granara de Willink, M. C." box="[762,1007,1217,1239]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="139 - 181" refId="ref187915" refString="Peronti, A. L. B. G., Sousa-Silva C. R. &amp; Granara de Willink, M. C. (2008) Revisao das Especies de Ceroplastinae (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae) que Ocorrem no Estado de Sao Paulo, Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 52 (2), 139 - 181." type="journal article" year="2008">
Peronti
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFAEF838FCC4FB0AB855E184" box="[841,886,1217,1239]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">et al</emphasis>
., 2008: 150
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFAEF83AFF1BFACBB878E112" lastPageId="38" lastPageNumber="39" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFAEF838FF1BFACBBAECE037" blockId="36.[150,1436,1283,1848]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFAEF838FF1BFACBBA59E04F" bold="true" box="[150,378,1283,1308]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Material examined</emphasis>
:
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFFAEF838FE06FACCB9FAE06C" collectingDate="1880-02-06" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="J. H. Comstock &amp; Also" country="United States of America" location="Sanford" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Florida" typeStatus="lectotype">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFAEF838FE06FACCB922E04F" bold="true" box="[395,513,1284,1308]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFAEF838FE06FACCB922E04F" box="[395,513,1284,1308]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFFAEF838FD87FACCB93CE048" box="[522,543,1284,1307]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
(designated by
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFAEF838FD5BFACCB894E04F" author="Gimpel, W. F. &amp; D. R. Miller &amp; J. A. Davidson" box="[726,951,1284,1308]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref185147" refString="Gimpel, W. F., D. R. Miller &amp; J. A. Davidson. (1974) A systematic revision of the scale genus Ceroplastes in the United States (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae). University of Maryland, Agricultural Experiment Station, Miscellaneous Publication 841, 1 - 85." type="journal article" year="1974">
Gimpel
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFAEF838FCBFFACDB84FE04F" box="[818,876,1284,1308]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">et al.</emphasis>
, 1974
</bibRefCitation>
),
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFAEF838FC41FACBBF03E04F" bold="true" box="[972,1056,1283,1308]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFAEF838FC41FACBBF38E04F" box="[972,1051,1283,1308]" name="United States of America" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
,
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FFAEF838FBA4FACCBF5FE04F" box="[1065,1148,1284,1308]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Florida</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="B6606059FFAEF838FB04FACCBFC6E04F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FFAEF83AFF1AFC8AB820E34F:B6606059FFAEF838FB04FACCBFC6E04F" box="[1161,1253,1284,1308]" country="United States of America" name="Sanford" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" stateProvince="Florida">Sanford</location>
,
<collectedFrom id="00A3757FFFAEF838FB7FFACCBB9AE06C" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFAEF838FA9BFACDBB9AE06C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Eupatorium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFAEF838FA9BFACDBEBFE04F" box="[1302,1436,1285,1308]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Eupatorium</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
,
<date id="C7011042FFAEF838FF4BFAEFBA19E06C" box="[198,314,1319,1343]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" value="1880-02-06">
<collectingDate id="D745E9AAFFAEF838FF4BFAEFBA19E06C" box="[198,314,1319,1343]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" value="1880-02-06">06.ii.1880</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FFAEF838FECAFAE0BAD5E06C" box="[327,502,1319,1343]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">J. H. Comstock</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFAEF838FD8BFAEFB97DE06C" box="[518,606,1319,1343]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
): 1/2.
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FFAEF838FD29FAEFB9FAE06C" box="[676,729,1319,1343]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Also</collectorName>
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFFAEF838FD6CFAE0BAEAE037" collectionCode="USNM" collectorName="J. H. Comstock" country="United States of America" location="Florida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Florida" typeStatus="paralectotype">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFAEF838FD6CFAE0B8A5E013" bold="true" box="[737,902,1320,1344]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFAEF838FD6CFAE0B8A5E013" box="[737,902,1320,1344]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFFAEF838FC02FAE0B887E06C" box="[911,932,1320,1343]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
,
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFAEF838FC3EFAEFBF24E013" bold="true" box="[947,1031,1319,1344]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFAEF838FC3EFAEFBF22E013" box="[947,1025,1319,1344]" name="United States of America" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
,
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FFAEF838FB83FAEFBF41E06C" box="[1038,1122,1319,1343]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Florida</collectingRegion>
, on Myrtle orange, 1880,
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FFAEF838FA04FAE0BA09E037" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">J. H. Comstock</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFAEF838FEB7FA84BAB1E037" box="[314,402,1356,1380]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
): 1/1
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFAEF838FF4AFAA7BE76E0A7" blockId="36.[150,1436,1283,1848]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFAEF838FF4AFAA7BA91E0DB" bold="true" box="[199,434,1391,1416]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Also: South Africa,</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFAEF838FE31FAA7B92AE0D4" box="[444,521,1391,1415]" name="Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">SABA</collectingCountry>
,
<geoCoordinate id="D68B5045FFAEF838FD95FAA7B9A5E0D4" box="[536,646,1391,1415]" degrees="17.624" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" precision="55" value="17.624">17.624 N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="D68B5045FFAEF838FD19FAA7B9DFE0D4" box="[660,764,1391,1415]" degrees="63.237" direction="west" orientation="longitude" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" precision="55" value="-63.237">63.237W</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="74479B67FFAEF838FC87FAA7B86AE0D4" box="[778,841,1391,1415]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" unit="m" value="330.0">330m</quantity>
asl., on herb, no date, B. Richardson (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFAEF838FA83FAA7BE41E0D4" box="[1294,1378,1391,1415]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5zzs-n4tg" name="Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">DCBU</collectionCode>
): 1/2 (poor). Also:
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFAEF838FEB4FA5CBA8AE0FF" bold="true" box="[313,425,1428,1452]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Bermuda</emphasis>
, Southampton, South Shore, on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFAEF838FC97FA5CB8B8E0F8" box="[794,923,1428,1452]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Schinus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFAEF838FC97FA5CB852E0FF" box="[794,881,1428,1452]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Schinus</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7011042FFAEF838FC24FA5CBF31E0FF" box="[937,1042,1428,1452]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" value="1989-04-02">2.iv.1989</date>
, C.J. Hodgson (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFAEF838FB44FA5CBE07E0FF" box="[1225,1316,1428,1452]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 3/3 (fairpoor); as previous, on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFAEF838FE2FFA70B9EEE09C" authority="(BMNH)" baseAuthorityName="BMNH" box="[418,717,1463,1488]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Tamaricaceae" genus="Tamarix" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="gallica">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFAEF838FE2FFA70B974E083" box="[418,599,1464,1488]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Tamarix gallica</emphasis>
(BMNH)
</taxonomicName>
: 1/1 (split into dorsum and venter). Also
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFAEF838FB49FA7FBE3BE083" bold="true" box="[1220,1304,1463,1488]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFAEF838FB49FA7FBE31E083" box="[1220,1298,1463,1488]" name="United States of America" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
,
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FFAEF838FAAEFA7FBEBBE09C" box="[1315,1432,1463,1487]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">California</collectingRegion>
, quarantined at Redding, C.A., Shasta Co., on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFAEF838FD1BFA14B80AE0A0" box="[662,809,1500,1524]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Gardenia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFAEF838FD1BFA14B823E0A7" box="[662,768,1500,1524]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Gardenia</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7011042FFAEF838FCB8FA14B89DE0A7" box="[821,958,1500,1524]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" value="2002-08-16">16.viii.2002</date>
, Cobb (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFAEF838FB9BFA14BF52E0A7" box="[1046,1137,1500,1524]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/5 (mainly good).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFAEF838FF4AF9C8BF54E344" blockId="36.[150,1436,1283,1848]" box="[199,1143,1535,1560]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFAEF838FF4AF9C8BBDCE34B" bold="true" box="[199,255,1536,1560]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Note</emphasis>
. Description taken mainly from
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFAEF838FDFEFA37B874E344" author="Gimpel, W. F. &amp; D. R. Miller &amp; J. A. Davidson" box="[627,855,1535,1560]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref185147" refString="Gimpel, W. F., D. R. Miller &amp; J. A. Davidson. (1974) A systematic revision of the scale genus Ceroplastes in the United States (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae). University of Maryland, Agricultural Experiment Station, Miscellaneous Publication 841, 1 - 85." type="journal article" year="1974">
Gimpel
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFAEF838FD43F9C9B825E34B" box="[718,774,1536,1560]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">et al.</emphasis>
(1974)
</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFAEF838FC03FA37BF50E344" author="Peronti, A. L. B. G. &amp; Sousa-Silva C. R. &amp; Granara de Willink, M. C." box="[910,1139,1535,1560]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="139 - 181" refId="ref187915" refString="Peronti, A. L. B. G., Sousa-Silva C. R. &amp; Granara de Willink, M. C. (2008) Revisao das Especies de Ceroplastinae (Hemiptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae) que Ocorrem no Estado de Sao Paulo, Brasil. Revista Brasileira de Entomologia 52 (2), 139 - 181." type="journal article" year="2008">
Peronti
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFAEF838FC6BF9C9BF3DE34B" box="[998,1054,1536,1560]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">et al.</emphasis>
(2008)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFAEF838FF4AF9ECBFA2E264" blockId="36.[150,1436,1283,1848]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFAEF838FF4AF9ECBAE8E368" box="[199,459,1571,1596]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFAEF838FF4AF9ECBAE0E36F" bold="true" box="[199,451,1571,1596]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Unmounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
“Wet wax rectangular to oval in dorsal view, hemispherical laterally, without horn, dirty to grayish white, with marginal flange small or absent and not hiding lateral filaments, divided into 1 dorsal and 6 lateral plates, with nuclei. Dry wax filaments as follows: cephalic filament appearing trifurcate, with acute apices; anterolateral and posterolateral filaments simple; posterolateral filaments bifurcate; caudal filaments with weakly divided, bifurcate apices; dorsal dry wax of first and second instars forming small central cap, surrounded by large dorsomedial nucleus; dorsal dry wax not tilted. Stigmatic wax bands present near both pairs of spiracles, anterior bands directed dorsally, filamentous wax confined to stigmatic areas. Length 3.8 (range 1.0–7.1) mm, width 2.4 (range 0.8–5.2) mm, height 2.0 (range 0.7–4.2) mm.” (
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFAEF838FCE6F8D7BF56E264" author="Gimpel, W. F. &amp; D. R. Miller &amp; J. A. Davidson" box="[875,1141,1823,1848]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref185147" refString="Gimpel, W. F., D. R. Miller &amp; J. A. Davidson. (1974) A systematic revision of the scale genus Ceroplastes in the United States (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae). University of Maryland, Agricultural Experiment Station, Miscellaneous Publication 841, 1 - 85." type="journal article" year="1974">
Gimpel
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFAEF838FC45F8E9BF23E26B" box="[968,1024,1824,1848]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">et al.</emphasis>
, 1974: 29
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="E7C0660AFFAEF838FF1AF848BFD6E283" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" startId="36.[151,244,1920,1941]">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFAEF838FF1AF848BFD6E283" blockId="36.[151,1436,1920,2000]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFAEF838FF1AF848BA3FE2C6" bold="true" box="[151,284,1920,1941]" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">FIGURE 26.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFAEF838FEABF848B931E2C6" authority="(Fabricius)" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1798" box="[294,530,1920,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ceriferus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFAEF838FEABF848BAB8E2C6" box="[294,411,1920,1941]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">C. ceriferus</emphasis>
(Fabricius)
</taxonomicName>
, mature adult. Fiji, Viti Levu, Thurston Gdns, on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFAEF838FB90F848BFCBE2C6" box="[1053,1256,1920,1941]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Pyrrhosia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="36" pageNumber="37" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adnescens">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFAEF838FB90F848BFCBE2C6" box="[1053,1256,1920,1941]" italics="true" pageId="36" pageNumber="37">Pyrrhosia adnescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 26.vii.2009, C.J. Hodgson (BMNH). For explanation of labels, see p. 9, plus X = shape of mature adult; T = wax test. Notes as for FIGURE 25, but (i) caudal process becoming more elongate at maturity and (ii) venter at anterior end of head also becoming sclerotised.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="E7C0660AFFAFF839FF1AF8EDBE68E2C1" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" startId="37.[151,244,1829,1850]" targetBox="[171,1436,223,1805]" targetPageId="37">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFAFF839FF1AF8EDBE68E2C1" blockId="37.[151,1436,1829,1938]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFAFF839FF1AF8EDBA3BE269" bold="true" box="[151,280,1829,1850]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">FIGURE 27.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFAFF839FE92F8EDB9B9E269" authority="Comstock. Modified" authorityName="Comstock. Modified" box="[287,666,1829,1850]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cirripediformis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFAFF839FE92F8EDBAEEE269" box="[287,461,1829,1850]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">C. cirripediformis</emphasis>
Comstock. Modified
</taxonomicName>
after
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFAFF839FD5EF8EDB8B8E269" author="Gimpel, W. F. &amp; D. R. Miller &amp; J. A. Davidson" box="[723,923,1829,1850]" pageId="37" pageNumber="38" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref185147" refString="Gimpel, W. F., D. R. Miller &amp; J. A. Davidson. (1974) A systematic revision of the scale genus Ceroplastes in the United States (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae). University of Maryland, Agricultural Experiment Station, Miscellaneous Publication 841, 1 - 85." type="journal article" year="1974">
Gimpel
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFAFF839FCAFF8EDB870E269" box="[802,851,1829,1850]" italics="true" pageId="37" pageNumber="38">et al.</emphasis>
(1974)
</bibRefCitation>
. For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes: (i) dorsal setae rather short and predominantly capitate; (ii) dorsal loculate microducts of intermediate-type; (iii) each group of stigmatic setae broadly triangular, extending laterally out of cleft; (iv) ventral tubular ducts present both anteriorly and posteriorly; (v) multilocular disc-pores extending anteriorly onto thorax; (vi) legs with a tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis, and (vii) antennae 7 segmented.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFACF83AFF4AFF50BF0BE5FC" blockId="38.[151,1437,151,1565]" box="[199,1064,151,176]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFACF83AFF4AFF50BA82E5FC" box="[199,417,151,176]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFACF83AFF4AFF50BAB9E5E3" bold="true" box="[199,410,151,176]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Mounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Body elliptical. Length:
<quantity id="74479B67FFACF83AFD37FF5FB863E5FC" box="[698,832,151,175]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.65" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="3.65" valueMax="6.5" valueMin="0.8">0.8–6.5 mm</quantity>
, width: 0.5–5.0 mm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFACF83AFF4AFF74BEB5E487" blockId="38.[151,1437,151,1565]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFACF83AFF4AFF74BA0FE587" box="[199,300,188,212]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFACF83AFF4AFF74BA06E587" bold="true" box="[199,293,188,212]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Dorsum</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm entirely membranous, except for heavily sclerotised caudal process. Caudal process short,
<quantity id="74479B67FFACF83AFAC4FF74BBE1E5AA" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="mm" value="0.5" valueMax="0.6" valueMin="0.4">0.4–0.6 mm</quantity>
long, 0.4–0.7 wide. Derm with eight clear areas, without setae apart from cephalic area with 1 or 2 cylindrical setae. Dorsal setae mainly capitate, each 3.5–9.5 µm long, mostly slightly longer than width of basal socket, latter 4–5 µm wide; very sparse. Dorsal pores: (i) loculate microducts of the intermediate
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFACF83AFB8FFEE2BF17E411" box="[1026,1076,298,322]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">type</typeStatus>
, those with 2 or 3 satellite loculi most abundant and widespread; those with 1 satellite loculus most frequent in submarginal region, otherwise scarce; those with 4+ satellite loculi scarce or absent; (ii) simple microducts possibly absent. Preopercular pores in a transverse band of 9–15 pores. Anal plates about as long as wide, each plate 105–115 µm long, combined width 95–103 µm; each plate with 3 large dorsal setae, 1 smaller apical seta and 1 ventral seta. Anal tube 1.2–1.4x longer than anal plate.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFACF83AFF4AFE28BF0DE7FC" blockId="38.[151,1437,151,1565]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFACF83AFF4AFE28BA05E4AB" box="[199,294,480,505]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFACF83AFF4AFE28BA3CE4AA" bold="true" box="[199,287,480,505]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Margin</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Marginal setae each about 2 or more times longer than submarginal setae; length 13–32 µm; with perhaps 5–7 between eyespots and, on each side, 1–5 between eyespots and anterior stigmatic setae, 2 or 3 between stigmatic clefts, and about 5 or 6 on each side of abdomen; anal lobes each with 3–6 larger setae, each 20–60 µm long. Stigmatic setae conical to lanceolate, each cleft with a group of 17–60 setae in 3 or 4 irregular rows, but group narrow and extending out of cleft along margin; most setae 15–20 µm long but with about 3–5 larger seta near centre of each group, each 20–30 µm long and 30 µm wide. Eyespots each about 28–30 µm wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFACF83AFF4AFD74B9B9E6D9" blockId="38.[151,1437,151,1565]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFACF83AFF4AFD74BA3FE780" box="[199,284,700,724]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFACF83AFF4AFD74BA36E787" bold="true" box="[199,277,700,724]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Venter</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm entirely membranous. Pregenital disc-pores abundant around genital opening and segment VI, plus some in all preceding abdominal segments and 0–8 medially near base of each coxa. Spiracular disc-pores in a mainly narrow band, widening near margin. Ventral microducts showing nothing distinctive. Ventral tubular ducts each with a long inner ductule and a small glandular end; in a group of
<quantity id="74479B67FFACF83AFC78FCE1BF7FE612" box="[1013,1116,809,833]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.699" metricValueMax="6.35" metricValueMin="3.048" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" unit="in" value="18.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="12.0">12–25 in</quantity>
cephalic region and 16–31 medially and mediolaterally on posterior abdominal segments. Ventral setae: submarginal setae about twice as frequent as marginal setae, each 5–8 µm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFACF83AFF4AFC5FB878E112" blockId="38.[151,1437,151,1565]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Antennae each with 6–8 (usually 7) segments; usually with 1 or 2 distinct pseudoarticulations in segment III; each 205–310 µm long. Clypeolabral shield about 150–210 µm long. Spiracles: width of each peritreme 50–60 µm. Legs well developed, each with a distinct tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis; each claw without a denticle; claw digitules both broad; dimensions of metathoracic legs (µm): coxa 43–120; trochanter + femur 96–170; tibia 87–126; tarsus 54–75, and claw 15–25. Tarsal digitules 1.8x longer than claw digitules.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFACF83AFF4AFB85B820E34F" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFACF83AFF4AFB85B829E1A4" blockId="38.[151,1437,151,1565]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFACF83AFF4AFB85BA6FE136" box="[199,332,1101,1126]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFACF83AFF4AFB85BA66E135" bold="true" box="[199,325,1101,1126]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Discussion</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFACF83AFED0FB86B90AE135" box="[349,553,1102,1126]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cirripediformis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFACF83AFED0FB86B90AE135" box="[349,553,1102,1126]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">C. cirripediformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appears to have been recorded just once in the area covered by this paper, in
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFACF83AFF1AFBBABA0BE1D9" box="[151,296,1138,1162]" name="South Africa" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">South Africa</collectingCountry>
, off an unknown herb. This record almost certainly resulted from an introduction but, as there appears to be no other records, the population may have died out.
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFACF83AFC93FB5FB8CBE1FC" box="[798,1000,1175,1199]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cirripediformis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFACF83AFC93FB5FB8CBE1FC" box="[798,1000,1175,1199]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">C. cirripediformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a polyphagous species and is widely distributed in the world (
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFACF83AFE39FB73B984E180" author="Ben-Dov, Y. &amp; Miller, D. R. &amp; Gibson, G. A. P." box="[436,679,1211,1235]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" refId="ref183322" refString="Ben-Dov, Y., Miller, D. R. &amp; Gibson, G. A. P. (2011) ScaleNet. A Database of the Scale Insects of the World. Available from: http: // www. sel. barc. usda. gov / scalenet / scalenet. htm (last accessed 10 March 2011)." type="url" year="2011">
Ben-Dov
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFACF83AFDA8FB74B943E180" box="[549,608,1211,1235]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">et al.</emphasis>
, 2011
</bibRefCitation>
) and has been recorded from about 60 plant host families. It is a minor pest of
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFACF83AFEBEFB28BA5AE1AB" box="[307,377,1248,1272]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Citrus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFACF83AFEBEFB28BA5AE1AB" box="[307,377,1248,1272]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Citrus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and many ornamentals in the
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFACF83AFD47FB17B825E1A4" box="[714,774,1247,1271]" name="United States of America" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">USA</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFACF83AFF4AFACDB820E34F" blockId="38.[151,1437,151,1565]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFACF83AFF4AFACDBA57E04F" box="[199,372,1285,1309]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">Similar species</emphasis>
. Within the area under study,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFACF83AFD6BFACDB891E04E" box="[742,946,1285,1309]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cirripediformis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFACF83AFD6BFACDB891E04E" box="[742,946,1285,1309]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">C. cirripediformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is close to
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFACF83AFBB6FACDBF94E04F" box="[1083,1207,1285,1309]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFACF83AFBB6FACDBF94E04F" box="[1083,1207,1285,1309]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">C. sinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(also an introduced species, but currently only known from northern Africa). According to
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFACF83AFC5CFAE1BFE3E012" author="Gimpel, W. F. &amp; D. R. Miller &amp; J. A. Davidson" box="[977,1216,1321,1345]" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref185147" refString="Gimpel, W. F., D. R. Miller &amp; J. A. Davidson. (1974) A systematic revision of the scale genus Ceroplastes in the United States (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae). University of Maryland, Agricultural Experiment Station, Miscellaneous Publication 841, 1 - 85." type="journal article" year="1974">
Gimpel
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFACF83AFBA2FAE2BF49E012" box="[1071,1130,1321,1345]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">et al.</emphasis>
(1974)
</bibRefCitation>
,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFACF83AFB42FAE1BEBFE012" box="[1231,1436,1321,1345]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="cirripediformis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFACF83AFB42FAE1BEBFE012" box="[1231,1436,1321,1345]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">C. cirripediformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFACF83AFEA3FA85BA8EE036" box="[302,429,1357,1381]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFACF83AFEA3FA85BA8EE036" box="[302,429,1357,1381]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">C. sinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as follows (data for
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFACF83AFD22FA85B80DE036" box="[687,814,1357,1381]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="38" pageNumber="39" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinensis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFACF83AFD22FA85B80DE036" box="[687,814,1357,1381]" italics="true" pageId="38" pageNumber="39">C. sinensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in brackets): (i) dorsal setae mainly capitate (rarely capitate); (ii) each anal plate with 1 ventral seta (with 2 ventral setae); (iii) stigmatic setae predominantly isosceles with pointed apices, apical third never bent (predominantly hemispherical, bullet-shaped with rounded apices or lanceolate with apical third bent); (iv) ventral submarginal band of filamentous ducts absent (present), and (v) multilocular disc-pores present on all abdominal and generally on all thoracic segments (multilocular disc-pores absent from abdominal segments II and III and thorax).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

515
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@ -0,0 +1,515 @@
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<paragraph id="B3003682FFB6F820FF1AFC8AB90EE60F" blockId="60.[151,557,834,893]" box="[151,557,834,860]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<heading id="E84881EEFFB6F820FF1AFC8AB90EE60F" bold="true" box="[151,557,834,860]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFB6F820FF1AFC8AB90EE60F" ID-CoL="69MV7" authority="Comstock" authorityName="Comstock" box="[151,557,834,860]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="floridensis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB6F820FF1AFC8AB90EE60F" bold="true" box="[151,557,834,860]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB6F820FF1AFC8ABA8AE60F" bold="true" box="[151,425,834,860]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Ceroplastes floridensis</emphasis>
Comstock
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFB6F820FF1AFCADBABAE62E" box="[151,409,869,893]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="description">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFB6F820FF1AFCADBABAE62E" blockId="60.[151,557,834,893]" box="[151,409,869,893]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
(
<figureCitation id="2B842A07FFB6F820FF12FCADBBD0E62E" box="[159,243,869,893]" captionStart="FIGURE 36" captionStartId="62.[151,244,1882,1903]" captionText="FIGURE 36. C. floridensis Comstock. Egypt, Alexandria, no host, 12.vii.1910, W.J. Hall (BMNH). For explanation of labels, see p. 9, plus X = reticulation on caudal process. Notes: (i) each group of stigmatic setae extending out of cleft along margins but not meeting between clefts; (ii) ventral tubular ducts each with a short, swollen inner ductule; (iii) ventral tubular ducts restricted to a submarginal band; (iv) dorsal loculate microducts of complex-type; (v) dorsal setae short and cylindrical; (vi) legs without a tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis, and (vi) claw digitules similar." pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Fig. 36</figureCitation>
; Map fig. 104)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFB6F820FF1AFC65B9F9E153" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFB6F820FF1AFC65B944E690" blockId="60.[151,737,941,1024]" box="[151,615,941,963]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFFB6F820FF1AFC65B944E690" box="[151,615,941,963]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FFB6F820FF1AFC65B940E690" author="Comstock, J. H." box="[151,611,941,963]" page="331" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" year="1881">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFB6F820FF1AFC65B940E690" ID-CoL="69MV7" authority="Comstock, 1881: 331" authorityName="Comstock" authorityPageNumber="331" authorityYear="1881" box="[151,611,941,963]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="floridensis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB6F820FF1AFC65BAA3E690" box="[151,384,941,963]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Ceroplastes floridensis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFB6F820FE0BFC65B940E690" author="Comstock, J. H." box="[390,611,941,963]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="276 - 349" refId="ref183940" refString="Comstock, J. H. (1881) Report of the entomologist. Part II. Report on scale insects. Report of the entomologist of the USDA for the year 1880, 276 - 349." type="journal article" year="1881">Comstock, 1881: 331</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFB6F820FF1AFC04B9C2E6B2" blockId="60.[151,737,941,1024]" box="[151,737,971,994]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFFB6F820FF1AFC04B9C2E6B2" box="[151,737,971,994]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFB6F820FF1AFC04BAD4E6B2" ID-CoL="T4HJ" authority="(Comstock)" baseAuthorityName="Comstock" box="[151,503,971,994]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Cerostegia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="floridensis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB6F820FF1AFC04BA55E6B1" box="[151,374,972,994]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Cerostegia floridensis</emphasis>
(Comstock)
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FFB6F820FD8CFC04B9FEE6B2" author="De Lotto, G." box="[513,733,971,993]" page="211" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" year="1969">
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFB6F820FD8CFC04B9FEE6B2" author="De Lotto, G." box="[513,733,971,993]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="210 - 218" refId="ref184416" refString="De Lotto, G. (1969 b) A new genus of wax scales (Homoptera: Coccidae). Bolletino del Laboratorio di Entomologia Agraria &quot; Filippo Silvestri &quot;, Portici 27, 210 - 218." type="journal article" year="1969">De Lotto, 1969b: 211</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFB6F820FF1AFC23B9F9E153" blockId="60.[151,737,941,1024]" box="[151,730,1002,1024]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFFB6F820FF1AFC23B9F9E153" box="[151,730,1002,1024]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFB6F820FF1AFC23B907E153" ID-CoL="4CP8D" authority="(Comstock)" baseAuthorityName="Comstock" box="[151,548,1002,1024]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Paracerostegia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="floridensis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB6F820FF1AFC23BA80E153" box="[151,419,1002,1024]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Paracerostegia floridensis</emphasis>
(Comstock)
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FFB6F820FDA3FC23B9F5E153" author="Tang, F. T." box="[558,726,1002,1024]" page="306" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" year="1991">
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFB6F820FDA3FC23B9F5E153" author="Tang, F. T." box="[558,726,1002,1024]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" refId="ref188750" refString="Tang, F. T. (1991) The Coccidae of China. Shanxi United Universities Press, Taiyuan, P. R. China. 377 pp." type="book" year="1991">Tang, 1991: 306</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFB6F822FF1AFBE5B96EE31C" lastPageId="62" lastPageNumber="63" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFB6F820FF1AFBE5BA76E13A" blockId="60.[151,1437,1069,1993]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB6F820FF1AFBE5BA62E115" bold="true" box="[151,321,1069,1094]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Type material</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFFB6F820FEC6FBE6BA76E13A" collectionCode="USNM" country="United States of America" location="Florida" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Florida" typeStatus="lectotype">
not seen.
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB6F820FE4BFBE5B91FE116" bold="true" box="[454,572,1069,1093]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFB6F820FE4BFBE5B91FE116" box="[454,572,1069,1093]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFFB6F820FDCBFBE6B978E116" box="[582,603,1070,1093]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
designated by
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFB6F820FC80FBE5B8DDE116" author="Gimpel, W. F. &amp; D. R. Miller &amp; J. A. Davidson" box="[781,1022,1069,1093]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref185147" refString="Gimpel, W. F., D. R. Miller &amp; J. A. Davidson. (1974) A systematic revision of the scale genus Ceroplastes in the United States (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae). University of Maryland, Agricultural Experiment Station, Miscellaneous Publication 841, 1 - 85." type="journal article" year="1974">
Gimpel
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB6F820FCE1FBE6B883E116" box="[876,928,1069,1093]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">et al</emphasis>
. (1974)
</bibRefCitation>
, from
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFB6F820FBC0FBE5BFBFE116" box="[1101,1180,1069,1093]" name="United States of America" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">U.S.A.</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FFB6F820FB21FBE5BE23E116" box="[1196,1280,1069,1093]" country="United States of America" name="Florida" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Florida</collectingRegion>
, on tangerine orange (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFB6F820FF7FFB99BA6AE13A" box="[242,329,1105,1129]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFB6F820FF4AFBBDBE42E0A6" blockId="60.[151,1437,1069,1993]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB6F820FF4AFBBDB837E1DE" bold="true" box="[199,788,1141,1166]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Material examined from area of study: Canary Is</emphasis>
., Gran Canaria, Las Palmas Botanical Gardens, on leaves on unknown plants, 23 &amp;
<date id="C7011042FFB6F820FE52FB51B972E1E2" box="[479,593,1177,1201]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" value="2011-02-24">24.ii.2011</date>
, C.J. Hodgson (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFB6F820FC96FB51B855E1E2" box="[795,886,1177,1201]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 2/5 (fair-poor).
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB6F820FBC0FB51BFB6E1E2" bold="true" box="[1101,1173,1177,1201]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFB6F820FBC0FB51BFB6E1E2" box="[1101,1173,1177,1201]" name="Egypt" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Egypt</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
,
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FFB6F820FB27FB51BE0AE1E2" box="[1194,1321,1177,1201]" country="Egypt" name="Al Iskandariyah" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Alexandria</collectingRegion>
, no host,
<date id="C7011042FFB6F820FF1AFB75BA3BE186" box="[151,280,1213,1237]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" value="1910-07-12">12.vii.1910</date>
, W.J. Hall (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFB6F820FE2FFB75BADEE186" box="[418,509,1213,1237]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/4 (good; misidentified as
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFB6F820FCC3FB75B88AE186" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[846,937,1213,1237]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rusci">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB6F820FCC3FB75B88AE186" box="[846,937,1213,1237]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">C. rusci</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); Damanhur, on Mandarin?,
<date id="C7011042FFB6F820FB75FB75BE52E186" box="[1272,1393,1213,1237]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" value="1913-09-23">23.ix.1913</date>
, no coll. (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFB6F820FF55FB29BA10E1AA" box="[216,307,1249,1273]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/3 (fair-poor; misidentified as
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFB6F820FD24FB29B820E1AA" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[681,771,1249,1273]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rusci">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB6F820FD24FB29B820E1AA" box="[681,771,1249,1273]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">C. rusci</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); Kafr el Dawar, on quince,
<date id="C7011042FFB6F820FBC7FB29BF8CE1AA" box="[1098,1199,1249,1273]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" value="1923-02-04">4.ii.1923</date>
, W.J. Hall (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFB6F820FABBFB29BEB2E1AA" box="[1334,1425,1249,1273]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/2 (good); Kafr el Dawar, on guava, 1922 and 1923, W.J. Hall (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFB6F820FC32FACDBF39E04E" box="[959,1050,1285,1309]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 2/2 (good); Alf, on mandarin,
<date id="C7011042FFB6F820FF1AFAE1BA34E012" box="[151,279,1321,1345]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" value="1921-12-11">11.xii.1921</date>
, W.J. Hall (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFB6F820FE16FAE1BAD5E012" box="[411,502,1321,1345]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/2 (good).
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB6F820FD1EFAE1B820E011" bold="true" box="[659,771,1321,1346]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFB6F820FD1EFAE1B820E011" box="[659,771,1321,1346]" name="Tanzania" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
[Tanganyika], Amani, on tea, no date or collector (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFB6F820FAB3FAE1BEBBE012" box="[1342,1432,1321,1345]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">BMNH</collectionCode>
:
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFB6F820FF1AFA85BBE7E036" box="[151,196,1357,1381]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">CIE</collectionCode>
6978-18610): 2/4 (1 fair, 3 poor).
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB6F820FDC0FA85B9BAE035" bold="true" box="[589,665,1357,1382]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFB6F820FDC0FA85B9BAE035" box="[589,665,1357,1382]" name="Sudan" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Sudan</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
, Shambal, on a consignment of plants from India,
<date id="C7011042FFB6F820FB57FA85BE77E036" box="[1242,1364,1357,1381]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" value="1936-09-17">17.ix.1936</date>
, A.M. Makkawi (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFB6F820FE99FAB9BA4CE0DA" box="[276,367,1393,1417]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/1 (fair; misidentified as
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFB6F820FD30FAB9B84AE0DA" box="[701,873,1393,1417]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="actiniformis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB6F820FD30FAB9B84AE0DA" box="[701,873,1393,1417]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">C. actiniformis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB6F820FC1FFAB9BF06E0DA" bold="true" box="[914,1061,1393,1417]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFB6F820FC1FFAB9BF06E0DA" box="[914,1061,1393,1417]" name="Madagascar" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
, on cloves, -.
<date id="C7011042FFB6F820FB4BFAB9BE0AE0DA" box="[1222,1321,1393,1417]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" value="1949-07">vii.1949</date>
, J. Millet (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFB6F820FF12FA5DBBD9E0FE" box="[159,250,1429,1453]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/3 (1 good, 1 poor, 1 imm); Tulear, on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFB6F820FD76FA5DB8F5E0FE" box="[763,982,1429,1453]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Meliaceae" genus="Azadirachta" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB6F820FD76FA5DB8F5E0FE" box="[763,982,1429,1453]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Azadirachta indica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, -.
<date id="C7011042FFB6F820FC78FA5DBF43E0FE" box="[1013,1120,1429,1453]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" value="1992-08">viii.1992</date>
, no collector (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFB6F820FA82FA5DBE4AE0FE" box="[1295,1385,1429,1453]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">BMNH</collectionCode>
:
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFB6F820FAF5FA5EBEBFE0FE" box="[1400,1436,1430,1453]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">IIE</collectionCode>
22516): 2 dorsums (good) + 1 venter (poor).
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB6F820FD29FA71B83FE081" bold="true" box="[676,796,1465,1490]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFB6F820FD29FA71B83FE081" box="[676,796,1465,1490]" name="Mauritius" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFB6F820FCA6FA71B851E082" box="[811,882,1465,1489]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Cycadaceae" genus="Cycas" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Cycas</taxonomicName>
, no date, R. Mamet (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFB6F820FBE9FA71BF99E082" box="[1124,1210,1465,1489]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">BMNH</collectionCode>
– EEG 30/33 #28): 1/1 (fair – poor).
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB6F820FED2FA15BAFCE0A5" bold="true" box="[351,479,1501,1526]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFB6F820FED2FA15BAF9E0A5" box="[351,474,1501,1526]" name="Seychelles" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
,
</emphasis>
no site, on “Mangrove”
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFB6F820FD79FA15B8A8E0A6" box="[756,907,1501,1525]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" genus="Avicennia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB6F820FD79FA15B841E0A6" box="[756,866,1501,1525]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Avicennia</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
, no date, R. Dupont (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFB6F820FBF6FA15BFF5E0A6" box="[1147,1238,1501,1525]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/5 (poor).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFB6F820FF4AF9C9B840E332" blockId="60.[151,1437,1069,1993]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB6F820FF4AF9C9BA26E349" bold="true" box="[199,261,1537,1562]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Also:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFFB6F820FE9FF9C9B996E36E" collectingDate="1976-04" collectingDateMax="1977-03-07" collectingDateMin="1976-04" collectionCode="BMNH" country="India" location="Bhubaneswar" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB6F820FE9FF9C9BA71E349" bold="true" box="[274,338,1537,1562]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFB6F820FE9FF9C9BA71E349" box="[274,338,1537,1562]" name="India" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">India</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
,
<location id="B6606059FFB6F820FEEAF9C9B922E34A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FFB6F823FF1AFC8ABA65E62C:B6606059FFB6F820FEEAF9C9B922E34A" box="[359,513,1537,1561]" country="India" name="Bhubaneswar" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Bhubaneswar</location>
, on grasses,
<date id="C7011042FFB6F820FD2FF9C9B82CE34A" box="[674,783,1537,1561]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" value="1977-03-07">
<collectingDate id="D745E9AAFFB6F820FD2FF9C9B82CE34A" box="[674,783,1537,1561]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" value="1977-03-07">7.iii.1977</collectingDate>
</date>
, no coll., (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFB6F820FC15F9C9B8D0E34A" box="[920,1011,1537,1561]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/3 (good); Alageswar,
<collectedFrom id="00A3757FFFB6F820FAA5F9CABBCDE36E" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFB6F820FADCF9C9BBCDE36E" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Coffea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="arabica">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB6F820FADCF9C9BBCDE36E" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Coffea arabica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
, -.
<date id="C7011042FFB6F820FE85F9EDBA41E36E" box="[264,354,1573,1597]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" value="1976-04">
<collectingDate id="D745E9AAFFB6F820FE85F9EDBA41E36E" box="[264,354,1573,1597]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" value="1976-04">iv.1976</collectingDate>
</date>
, no coll. (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFB6F820FE42F9EDB909E36E" box="[463,554,1573,1597]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/2 (good)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFFB6F820FD4DF9EDB87CE332" collectingDate="1987-09-08" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="Dessarich &amp; Parker" country="United States of America" county="San Diego Co." location="Mango" municipality="Fallbrook" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="California">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB6F820FD4DF9EDB8C9E36D" bold="true" box="[704,1002,1573,1598]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFB6F820FD4DF9EDB8C9E36D" box="[704,1002,1573,1598]" name="United States of America" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">United States of America</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
,
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FFB6F820FC7AF9EDBF4FE36E" box="[1015,1132,1573,1597]" country="United States of America" name="California" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">California</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCounty id="5A614E0EFFB6F820FBFAF9EDBE3EE36E" box="[1143,1309,1573,1597]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">San Diego Co.</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="5364ACF8FFB6F820FAA5F9EDBEBBE36E" box="[1320,1432,1573,1597]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Fallbrook</collectingMunicipality>
, on
<location id="B6606059FFB6F820FF37F982BA2FE331" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FFB6F823FF1AFC8ABA65E62C:B6606059FFB6F820FF37F982BA2FE331" box="[186,268,1610,1634]" country="United States of America" county="San Diego Co." municipality="Fallbrook" name="Mango" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" stateProvince="California">Mango</location>
,
<date id="C7011042FFB6F820FE9AF981BAA0E332" box="[279,387,1609,1633]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" value="1987-09-08">
<collectingDate id="D745E9AAFFB6F820FE9AF981BAA0E332" box="[279,387,1609,1633]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" value="1987-09-08">8.ix.1987</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FFB6F820FE02F981BADEE332" box="[399,509,1609,1633]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Dessarich</collectorName>
&amp;
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FFB6F820FDACF981B949E332" box="[545,618,1609,1633]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Parker</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFB6F820FDF4F981B9F7E332" box="[633,724,1609,1633]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/4 (good)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFB6F820FF4AF9A5BE42E3D6" blockId="60.[151,1437,1069,1993]" box="[199,1377,1645,1669]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB6F820FF4AF9A5BBDCE3D6" bold="true" box="[199,255,1645,1669]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Note</emphasis>
. Description made from several of above specimens, combined with data from
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFB6F820FB0DF9A5BE7EE3D6" author="Gimpel, W. F. &amp; D. R. Miller &amp; J. A. Davidson" box="[1152,1373,1645,1669]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref185147" refString="Gimpel, W. F., D. R. Miller &amp; J. A. Davidson. (1974) A systematic revision of the scale genus Ceroplastes in the United States (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae). University of Maryland, Agricultural Experiment Station, Miscellaneous Publication 841, 1 - 85." type="journal article" year="1974">
Gimpel
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB6F820FB51F9A6BE37E3D6" box="[1244,1300,1645,1669]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">et al.</emphasis>
, 1974
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFB6F820FF4AF959B87DE29A" blockId="60.[151,1437,1069,1993]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB6F820FF4AF959BAE1E3FA" box="[199,450,1681,1706]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB6F820FF4AF959BA9FE3F9" bold="true" box="[199,444,1681,1706]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">Unmounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
“Wet wax rectangular in young adult females and in old adult females in dorsal view, nearly flat in young females and hemispherical in older specimens laterally, without horn, grayish to pinkish white, with large marginal flange in old female absent or small in young females not hiding lateral filaments, without plates and nuclei. Dry wax with filaments as follows: cephalic filament appearing trifurcate, with acute apices; anterolateral and mediolateral filaments simple; posterolateral filaments bifurcate; caudal filaments with weakly divided bifurcate apices; dorsal dry wax of first and second instars forming small central cap, not surrounded by nucleus; dorsal dry wax not tilted. Stigmatic wax bands present near both pairs of spiracles, anterior bands directed dorsally, filamentous wax confined to stigmatic areas. Length 3.0 mm (range 1.5–4.0), width 2.0 (range 1.3–3.5) mm, height 1.5 (range 1.0–2.0) mm.” (
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFB6F820FDCAF879B872E29A" author="Gimpel, W. F. &amp; D. R. Miller &amp; J. A. Davidson" box="[583,849,1969,1993]" pageId="60" pageNumber="61" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref185147" refString="Gimpel, W. F., D. R. Miller &amp; J. A. Davidson. (1974) A systematic revision of the scale genus Ceroplastes in the United States (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae). University of Maryland, Agricultural Experiment Station, Miscellaneous Publication 841, 1 - 85." type="journal article" year="1974">
Gimpel
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB6F820FD29F87AB9F5E29A" box="[676,726,1969,1993]" italics="true" pageId="60" pageNumber="61">et al</emphasis>
., 1974: 44
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFB4F822FF1AFF50B8F7E580" blockId="62.[151,1437,151,1796]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB4F822FF1AFF50BA54E5FC" box="[151,375,151,176]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB4F822FF1AFF50BA53E5E3" bold="true" box="[151,368,151,176]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Mounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Broadly oval, with small lateral tubercles. Stigmatic clefts shallow. Caudal process conical, pointing dorso-posteriorly. Length about 1.0–
<quantity id="74479B67FFB4F822FD16FF74B9D7E580" box="[667,756,188,212]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="3.5">3.5 mm</quantity>
, width
<quantity id="74479B67FFB4F822FCCBFF74B8F3E580" box="[838,976,188,212]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="1.65" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="0.8">0.8–2.5 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFB4F822FF4AFF28BF22E79F" blockId="62.[151,1437,151,1796]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB4F822FF4AFF28BA0DE5A4" box="[199,302,224,248]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB4F822FF4AFF28BA04E5AB" bold="true" box="[199,295,224,248]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Dorsum</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm membranous except for heavily sclerotised caudal process. Caudal process about
<quantity id="74479B67FFB4F822FAB7FF17BBE1E448" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="0.425" valueMax="0.55" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.55 mm</quantity>
long; width across flattened process
<quantity id="74479B67FFB4F822FDE7FECCB9D5E448" box="[618,758,260,284]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="mm" value="0.44999999999999996" valueMax="0.6" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.6 mm</quantity>
; sclerotised derm on inner half of caudal process of several specimens from different localities with a reticulate pattern. Derm with 7 clear areas, medio-dorsal area absent; each without simple pores or setae, except cephalic area. Dorsal setae very short, length subequal to or less than width of basal socket, setal length 2.5–3.5 µm; basal socket width about 3–4 µm; each seta with slightly convergent sides and a blunt apex; present sparsely throughout but absent in clear areas except cephalic area with 2–4 setae. Dorsal pores of perhaps only
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFFB4F822FE66FE7FB915E483" box="[491,566,439,464]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="generic" typeStatus="type">1 type</specimenCount>
: (i) loculate microducts of complex
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFB4F822FC5AFE70BF29E483" box="[983,1034,440,464]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">type</typeStatus>
, each 5.0–6.5 µm widest, with 1–4 satellite loculi; pores with 2 or 3 satellite loculi most abundant; apparently randomly distributed and abundant throughout but absent from all clear areas; wax-plate lines not detected; (ii) simple microducts not detected, perhaps absent. Preopercular pores:
<quantity id="74479B67FFB4F822FDB1FDECB9B0E76F" box="[572,659,548,572]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.286" metricValueMax="3.048" metricValueMin="1.524" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="in" value="9.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="6.0">6–12 in</quantity>
a narrow band 2–3 pores wide. Anal plates each 112–130 µm long, combined widths about 95–105 µm, each with 2 long, stout dorsal setae, each 58–60 µm long, with 1 semi-medially and other near apex on outer margin; also with 1 or 2 smaller setae, with 1 generally near apex on inner margin (length about 28–30 µm), plus a small apical seta (about 10 µm long). Anal tube quite long, about 180–200 µm long (nearly 2x length of anal plates); anal ring setae each about 180 µm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFB4F822FF4AFD1FBABBE6BF" blockId="62.[151,1437,151,1796]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB4F822FF4AFD1FBA0BE7BC" box="[199,296,727,752]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB4F822FF4AFD1FBA02E7A3" bold="true" box="[199,289,727,752]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Margin</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Marginal setae all curved, each stoutly setose with a sharp apex, each about 13–23 µm long (longest on margin near anal cleft); abundant, with about 17–28 between eyespots anteriorly and, on each side, 8–11 between eyespots and anterior stigmatic cleft, 8–10 between stigmatic clefts, and 34–50 on each side of abdomen; each anal lobe with 3 longer setae, longest about 40–67 µm long. Stigmatic clefts shallow, each with a line of rather bullet-shaped stigmatic setae extending some distance along margin on either side of cleft, becoming about 3 deep within each cleft; with about
<quantity id="74479B67FFB4F822FD9BFC44B95AE6F7" box="[534,633,908,932]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.874" metricValueMax="8.89" metricValueMin="6.858" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="in" value="31.0" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="27.0">27–35 in</quantity>
each anterior cleft and
<quantity id="74479B67FFB4F822FCF1FC44B8FCE6F7" box="[892,991,908,932]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" metricValueMax="1.143" metricValueMin="0.889" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" unit="in" value="40.0" valueMax="45.0" valueMin="35.0">35–45 in</quantity>
each posterior cleft; smallest 8 µm long and 3.5 µm wide at base; largest 18 µm long and 8 µm wide at base; most dorsal seta usually largest. Eyespots each small, 20–22 µm wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFB4F822FF4AFC30BF59E024" blockId="62.[151,1437,151,1796]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB4F822FF4AFC30BA38E15C" box="[199,283,1016,1040]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB4F822FF4AFC30BA37E143" bold="true" box="[199,276,1016,1040]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Venter</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm entirely membranous. Pregenital disc-pores abundant around genital opening (segment VII) and across preceding segment, plus: segment V 7–10 medially and 9–10 associated with each anogenital fold; IV 5–8 medially and 3–6 mediolaterally; III 6–8 medially and 2–6 mediolaterally, II 7–8 medially and 1–3 mediolaterally; metathorax 4 or 5 medially, mesothorax 2–4 near each coxa, and prothorax with 4 or 5 near each coxa. Spiracular disc-pores in fairly narrow bands of 50–90 pores; with none extending medially past peritreme. Ventral microducts small, each about 2.5 µm widest; scarce or absent medially, particularly on abdomen. Ventral tubular ducts each about 25–27 µm long; inner ductule greatly swollen and short (about 10 µm long), with a small tufted glandular apex; cup-shaped invagination small, on one side of inner ductule; present in a distinct but interrupted submarginal band extending from just laterad of each scape anteriorly to about abdominal segments VI or VII – absent beneath caudal process; each band roughly divided into groups of 5–16 ducts; absent elsewhere. Ventral setae sparse; submarginal setae less abundant than marginal setae and significantly smaller; each about 5–7 µm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFB4F822FF4AFA4CB96EE31C" blockId="62.[151,1437,151,1796]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Antennae each with 6 (rarely 7) segments; segment III occasionally with a pseudo-articulation, occasionally very distinct giving 7 segments; total length 176–324 µm. Clypeolabral shield about 135–145 µm long. Spiracles: width of anterior peritremes 34–46 µm; posterior peritremes 36–50 µm wide. Legs well developed, each without a tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis; each claw without a denticle; claw digitules both broad; tarsal digitules obviously longer than claw digitules; dimensions of metathoracic legs (µm): coxa 125–130; trochanter + femur 90–165; tibia 75–112; tarsus 51–65, and claw 16–18.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFB4F823FF4AF993BA65E62C" lastPageId="63" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFB4F823FF4AF993B875E46C" blockId="62.[151,1437,151,1796]" lastBlockId="63.[151,1437,151,895]" lastPageId="63" lastPageNumber="64" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB4F822FF4AF993BA6BE320" box="[199,328,1627,1652]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB4F822FF4AF993BA61E327" bold="true" box="[199,322,1627,1652]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">Discussion</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Within the area under study,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFB4F822FD17F994B813E327" box="[666,816,1628,1652]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Paracerostegia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="floridensis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB4F822FD17F994B813E327" box="[666,816,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">C. floridensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is unique in having the ventral tubular ducts in a very distinct, rather narrow, submarginal band extending from near each antenna to near each anal lobe, each duct with a short, very swollen inner ductule. There was some variation in the material studied and some specimens had: (i) more than 2 pairs of interantennal setae; (ii) a reticulate pattern on the sclerotized area of the anal plate, and (iii) loculate microducts densest in a submarginal band.
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFB4F822FDF5F924B829E257" box="[632,778,1772,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Paracerostegia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="floridensis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB4F822FDF5F924B829E257" box="[632,778,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">C. floridensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is quite close to
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFB4F822FC4DF924BFB0E257" authority="Green" authorityName="Green" authorityYear="1921" box="[960,1171,1772,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB4F822FC4DF924BF69E257" box="[960,1098,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">C. japonicus</emphasis>
Green
</taxonomicName>
which also has a submarginal band of similar tubular ducts extending part way around the submargin, bullet-shaped stigmatic setae, many marginal setae, and multilocular disc-pores associated with each coxa, but the latter differs in having the stigmatic setae continuous between the clefts on each side, not separated by a length of margin with just marginal setae. As
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFB5F823FE9BFECCBA86E44F" authorityName="Green" authorityYear="1921" box="[278,421,260,284]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="japonicus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB5F823FE9BFECCBA86E44F" box="[278,421,260,284]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">C. japonicus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been found to be present in some southern areas of
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFB5F823FBC9FECCBFADE448" box="[1092,1166,260,283]" name="France" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">France</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFB5F823FB40FECCBFDCE44F" box="[1229,1279,260,284]" name="Italy" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Italy</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFB5F823FA9FFECCBA7DE46C" author="Pellizzari, G. &amp; Camporese P." pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="175 - 192" refId="ref187871" refString="Pellizzari, G. &amp; Camporese P. (1994) The Ceroplastes species (Homoptera: Coccoidea) of the Mediterranea basin with emphasis on C. japonicus Green. Annales de la Societe Entomologique de France 30, 175 - 192." type="journal article" year="1994">Pellizzari &amp; Camporese, 1994</bibRefCitation>
), it is possible that it could be found in Africa.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E7C0660AFFB4F822FF1AF892B938E2A2" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" startId="62.[151,244,1882,1903]">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFB4F822FF1AF892B938E2A2" blockId="62.[151,1436,1882,2033]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB4F822FF1AF892BA3BE23C" bold="true" box="[151,280,1882,1903]" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">FIGURE 36.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFB4F822FE93F892B92CE23C" authority="Comstock." authorityName="Comstock." box="[286,527,1882,1903]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Paracerostegia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="62" pageNumber="63" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="floridensis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB4F822FE93F892BA83E23C" box="[286,416,1882,1903]" italics="true" pageId="62" pageNumber="63">C. floridensis</emphasis>
Comstock.
</taxonomicName>
Egypt, Alexandria, no host, 12.vii.1910, W.J. Hall (BMNH). For explanation of labels, see p. 9, plus X = reticulation on caudal process. Notes: (i) each group of stigmatic setae extending out of cleft along margins but not meeting between clefts; (ii) ventral tubular ducts each with a short, swollen inner ductule; (iii) ventral tubular ducts restricted to a submarginal band; (iv) dorsal loculate microducts of complex-type; (v) dorsal setae short and cylindrical; (vi) legs without a tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis, and (vi) claw digitules similar.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFB5F823FF4AFE84BA65E62C" blockId="63.[151,1437,151,895]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFB5F823FF4AFE84BA7AE437" box="[199,345,332,356]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Paracerostegia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="floridensis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB5F823FF4AFE84BA7AE437" box="[199,345,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">C. floridensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has an almost world-wide distribution in tropical, subtropical and Mediterranean areas, having been recorded from the Austro-oriental, Neotropical,
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFB5F823FD3BFEB8B86EE4D4" box="[694,845,367,391]" name="New Zealand" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">New Zealand</collectingCountry>
&amp; South Pacific, Nearctic, and Oriental Regions, as well as the Afrotropical Region as defined here. However, there are very few substantiated records from the latter area,
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFB5F823FF58FE70BAAFE49C" author="Ben-Dov, Y." box="[213,396,439,463]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" refId="ref183122" refString="Ben-Dov, Y. (1993) A Systematic Catalogue of Soft Scales of the World. Sandhill Crane Press, Inc., Florida, USA, Flora &amp; Fauna Handbook 9, 563 p." type="book" year="1993">Ben-Dov (1993)</bibRefCitation>
only mentioning
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFB5F823FDDBFE7FB99AE49C" box="[598,697,439,463]" name="Tanzania" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Zanzibar</collectingCountry>
, although
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFB5F823FCBDFE7FB8CCE49C" author="Newstead, R." box="[816,1007,439,463]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="301 - 311" refId="ref187819" refString="Newstead, R. (1914) Notes on scale-insects (Coccidae). Part II. Bulletin of Entomological Research 4, 301 - 311." type="journal article" year="1914">Newstead (1914)</bibRefCitation>
also records it from ‘British Guinae’. However, fairly recently it has been recorded from
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFB5F823FD54FE14B83AE4A7" box="[729,793,476,500]" name="Libya" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Libya</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFB5F823FCDEFE14B887E4A7" box="[851,932,476,500]" name="Tunisia" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Tunisia</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFB5F823FC38FE14BF86E4A7" author="Jendoubi, H. &amp; Suma, P &amp; Russo, A." box="[949,1189,476,500]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" refId="ref186241" refString="Jendoubi, H., Suma, P &amp; Russo, A. (2012). First records of Ceroplastes floridensis Comstock (Hemiptera: Coccidae) and Chrysomphalus pinnulifer (Maskell) (Hemiptera: Diaspididae) in Tunisia. Entomological News (in press)." type="book" year="2012">
Jendoubi
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB5F823FBAFFE15BF41E4A7" box="[1058,1122,476,500]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">et al.,</emphasis>
2012
</bibRefCitation>
), and there have been many records from
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFB5F823FEE0FDC8BA8DE74B" box="[365,430,512,536]" name="Egypt" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Egypt</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFB5F823FE30FE37B910E744" author="Hall, W. J." box="[445,563,511,535]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="1 - 54" refId="ref185634" refString="Hall, W. J. (1922) Observations on the Coccidae of Egypt. Bulletin, Ministry of Agriculture, Egypt, Technical and Scientific Service 22, 1 - 54." type="journal article" year="1922">Hall, 1922</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFB5F823FDB2FE37B95AE744" author="Hall, W. J." box="[575,633,511,535]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="1 - 67" refId="ref185668" refString="Hall, W. J. (1923) Further observations on the Coccidae of Egypt. Bulletin, Ministry of Agriculture, Egypt, Technical and Scientific Service 36: 1 - 67." type="journal article" year="1923">1923</bibRefCitation>
; Ezzatt &amp; Hussein, 1967;
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFB5F823FC18FE37BF5AE744" author="Swailem, S. M. &amp; Ismail, I. I. &amp; Sayed Ahmed, N. M. A." box="[917,1145,511,536]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="229 - 237" refId="ref188577" refString="Swailem, S. M., Ismail, I. I. &amp; Sayed Ahmed, N. M. A. (1976) Population studies on the citrus wax scale insect, Ceroplastes floridensis Comstock, in different regions in Egypt (Homoptera: Coccidae). Bulletin Society of Entomology 60, 229 - 237." type="journal article" year="1976">
Swailem
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB5F823FC76FDC9BF12E74B" box="[1019,1073,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">et al.</emphasis>
, 1976
</bibRefCitation>
). In all 3 countries, it may pose a threat to the citrus industry. It seems likely that this species is scarce in the Afrotropical Region south of the Sahara where it may only be associated with imported plant material. However,
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFB5F823FBB6FD8FBFDAE70C" author="Giliomee, J. H." box="[1083,1273,583,607]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="411 - 428" refId="ref185060" refString="Giliomee, J. H. (1966) A list of South African scale insects (Homoptera: Coccoidea) in the collection of the British Museum (Natural History) with information on their host plants and distribution. Annals of the University of Stellenbosch (Section A) 41, 411 - 428." type="journal article" year="1966">Giliomee (1966)</bibRefCitation>
listed
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFB5F823FAC1FD80BEBBE733" box="[1356,1432,584,608]" name="Kenya" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Kenya</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFB5F823FF1AFDA4BBD2E7D7" box="[151,241,620,644]" name="Uganda" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Uganda</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFB5F823FF71FDA4BAACE7D0" box="[252,399,620,644]" name="Sierra Leone" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Sierra Leone</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFB5F823FE17FDA4B921E7D7" box="[410,514,620,644]" name="Tanzania" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
, and
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFB5F823FDB1FDA4B9ECE7D7" box="[572,719,620,644]" name="South Africa" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">South Africa</collectingCountry>
. These latter records were taken from slides in the BMNH and, apart from the record from
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFB5F823FE4AFD47B90DE7F4" box="[455,558,655,679]" name="Tanzania" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
, we have not located these slides and therefore consider these records doubtful and that they need to be checked. However, it has been found in
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFB5F823FCF1FD7CBF20E79F" box="[892,1027,692,716]" name="Madagascar" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
(on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFB5F823FBB7FD7CBE34E79F" box="[1082,1303,692,716]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Psidium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pomiferum">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB5F823FBB7FD7CBE34E79F" box="[1082,1303,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Psidium pomiferum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFB5F823FAABFD7CBEB5E798" box="[1318,1430,692,716]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Citrus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB5F823FAABFD7CBE4FE79F" box="[1318,1388,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Citrus</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFB5F823FF1AFD10BA79E7A3" box="[151,346,728,752]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Psiadia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="altissima">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB5F823FF1AFD10BA79E7A3" box="[151,346,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Psiadia altissima</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFB5F823FE19FD10B829E7BC" authority="(Mamet, 1951))" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Mamet" baseAuthorityYear="1951" box="[404,778,727,752]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Treculia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="perrieri">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB5F823FE19FD10B973E7BC" box="[404,592,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Treculia perrieri</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFB5F823FDEDFD1FB9D4E7BC" author="Mamet, J. R." box="[608,759,727,751]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="213 - 254" refId="ref186856" refString="Mamet, J. R. (1951) Notes on the Coccoidea of Madagascar - II. Memoires de l'Institut Scientifique de Madagascar (Ser. A) 5, 213 - 254." type="journal article" year="1951">Mamet, 1951</bibRefCitation>
))
</taxonomicName>
; from
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFB5F823FCDEFD1FB89EE7BC" box="[851,957,727,751]" name="Mauritius" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFB5F823FC40FD1FBF47E7BC" author="Mamet, J. R." box="[973,1124,727,751]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="137 - 170" refId="ref186778" refString="Mamet, J. R. (1943) A revised list of the Coccoidea of the islands of the western Indian Ocean, south of the equator. Bulletin of the Mauritius Institute, Port Louis 2, 137 - 170." type="journal article" year="1943">Mamet, 1943</bibRefCitation>
)),
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFB5F823FB0FFD1FBFFCE7BC" box="[1154,1247,727,751]" name="Réunion" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Réunion</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFB5F823FB63FD1FBEBFE7BC" author="Mamet, J. R." box="[1262,1436,727,751]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="260 - 265" refId="ref186927" refString="Mamet, J. R. (1954 b) Miscellaneous notes on the Coccoidea (Homoptera) of the Mascarene Islands and of the Chagos Archipelego. Bulletin of the Mauritius Institute, Port Louise 3, 260 - 265." type="journal article" year="1954">Mamet (1954b)</bibRefCitation>
and
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFB5F823FF49FD34BA0BE647" box="[196,296,764,788]" name="Comoros" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Comoros</collectingCountry>
Is (on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFB5F823FEF5FD34B924E647" box="[376,519,764,788]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Citrus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="histrix">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB5F823FEF5FD34B924E647" box="[376,519,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Citrus histrix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFB5F823FD99FD34B835E647" box="[532,790,764,788]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rutaceae" genus="Citrus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="aurantium" subSpecies="bigaradia">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB5F823FD99FD34B835E647" box="[532,790,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">C. aurantium bigaradia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFB5F823FCAEFD34B8D8E647" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[803,1019,764,788]" class="Gastropoda" family="Sinuspiridae" genus="Michelia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Pleurotomariida" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="champaca">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB5F823FCAEFD34B8D8E647" box="[803,1019,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Michelia champaca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFB5F823FBA0FD35BBC1E664" authority="(Matile-Ferrero, 1978))" authorityName="" baseAuthorityName="Matile-Ferrero" baseAuthorityYear="1978" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Apocynaceae" genus="Nerium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="oleander">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB5F823FBA0FD35BFC5E647" box="[1069,1254,764,788]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Nerium oleander</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFB5F823FB7EFD34BBF3E664" author="Matile-Ferrero, D." pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="39 - 70" refId="ref187164" refString="Matile-Ferrero, D. (1978) Homopteres Coccoidea de l'Archipel des Comores. In Faune Entomologique de l'Archipel des Comores, Matile, L. (Editor). Memoires du Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle (N. S.) Serie A, Zoologie 109, 39 - 70." type="journal article" year="1978">Matile-Ferrero, 1978</bibRefCitation>
))
</taxonomicName>
, and it has also been recorded from the Azores (
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFB5F823FCADFCD7BF32E664" author="Carvalho, J. P. M. &amp; Franco, J. C. &amp; Aguiar, F. &amp; Soares, A. O." box="[800,1041,799,824]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="613 - 618" refId="ref183631" refString="Carvalho, J. P. M., Franco, J. C., Aguiar, F. &amp; Soares, A. O. (1996) Insect pests of citrus in Portugal. Proceedings of the International Society of Citriculture I, 613 - 618." type="journal article" year="1996">
Carvalho
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB5F823FC19FCE9B8E8E66B" box="[916,971,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">et al</emphasis>
.,1996
</bibRefCitation>
) and Madeira (
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFB5F823FB45FCD7BE7FE664" author="Green, E. E." box="[1224,1372,799,823]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" pagination="87 - 99" refId="ref185541" refString="Green, E. E. (1923) Observations on the Coccidae of the Madeira Islands. Bulletin of Entomological Research 14, 87 - 99." type="journal article" year="1923">Green, 1923</bibRefCitation>
b).
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFB5F823FA0EFCD7BA29E60F" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Paracerostegia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="63" pageNumber="265" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="floridensis">
C.
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB5F823FF1AFC8CBA29E60F" box="[151,266,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">floridensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been recorded on about 70 plant families (
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFB5F823FC8FFC8CB8CBE60F" author="Ben-Dov, Y. &amp; Miller, D. R. &amp; Gibson, G. A. P." box="[770,1000,836,860]" pageId="63" pageNumber="64" refId="ref183322" refString="Ben-Dov, Y., Miller, D. R. &amp; Gibson, G. A. P. (2011) ScaleNet. A Database of the Scale Insects of the World. Available from: http: // www. sel. barc. usda. gov / scalenet / scalenet. htm (last accessed 10 March 2011)." type="url" year="2011">
Ben-Dov
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFB5F823FCE3FC8DB886E60F" box="[878,933,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">et al.</emphasis>
, 2011
</bibRefCitation>
) and is a pest of some importance in the
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFB5F823FF1AFCAFBBEDE62C" box="[151,206,871,895]" name="United States of America" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">USA</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFB5F823FE8FFCAFBA61E62C" box="[258,322,871,895]" name="Israel" pageId="63" pageNumber="64">Israel</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="DEAF97CD31C35EBDFF7F74C5BA10BA8C">3372</mods:title>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="670BF6973DD5BB285AEA4E1F66F73F14">Hodgson, Chris J.</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="95F2E0AD99B92BCE72484B0FCF35A50B">Peronti, Ana L. B. G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="58A03B68B387ECD9E996C3E9C848B260">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="EA682DE4B55E5638524625D10916BE42">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="296F681DF1AD1EB475DB339092C34201">
<mods:date id="D7EADAB7D742855FD8263656ABF532AA">2012</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="DA6DF68CC4EA1B618596220455C6D2EC" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="7B06B6FB9D8CED2B6C3202DA51E07FC1">2012-07-04</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
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<mods:number id="FBD814D469F3FBD0713B4CA8F10F106A">3372</mods:number>
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<mods:start id="850A38DE0B037AC2CBA70634B48A1AF1">1</mods:start>
<mods:end id="3979B8F71A746FED5FF8471047EA868E">265</mods:end>
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<mods:identifier id="09226B9F7C6571C3BBC180FF3B212B64" type="ISSN">1175­5334</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment id="3B168794FFC2F856FF1AFD8FBA76E093" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5255408" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5255408" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FFC2F856FF1AFD8FBA76E093" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3B168794FFC2F856FF1AFD8FBA76E093" lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFC2F854FF1AFD8FBA9DE732" box="[151,446,583,609]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFC2F854FF1AFD8FBA9DE732" blockId="72.[151,446,583,642]" box="[151,446,583,609]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<heading id="E84881EEFFC2F854FF1AFD8FBA9DE732" bold="true" box="[151,446,583,609]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFC2F854FF1AFD8FBA9DE732" ID-CoL="T45G" authority="Hall" authorityName="Hall" box="[151,446,583,609]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinoiae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC2F854FF1AFD8FBA9DE732" bold="true" box="[151,446,583,609]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC2F854FF1AFD8FBAA3E732" bold="true" box="[151,384,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Ceroplastes sinoiae</emphasis>
Hall
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFC2F854FF1AFDA2BABAE7D1" box="[151,409,618,642]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="description">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFC2F854FF1AFDA2BABAE7D1" blockId="72.[151,446,583,642]" box="[151,409,618,642]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
(
<figureCitation id="2B842A07FFC2F854FF12FDA2BBD0E7D1" box="[159,243,618,642]" captionStart="FIGURE 40" captionStartId="74.[151,244,1831,1852]" captionText="FIGURE 40. C. sinoiae Hall. As C. helichrysi var. sinoiae, Zimbabwe, Harari (Salisbury), on Jacaranda mimosaefolia, 9.ix.1932, W.J. Hall (BMNH). For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes: (i) caudal process rather broad at base and triangular, extending posteriorly; (ii) dorsal setae slightly longer than width of basal socket and sharply pointed; (iii) dorsal loculate microducts of complextype, those with 2 satellite loculi most abundant; (iv) each stigmatic cleft with a compact group of stigmatic setae, extending onto dorsum; (v) each group of stigmatic setae with 1 larger seta, not at apex of group; (vi) ventral tubular ducts present both anteriorly and posteriorly; (vii) each leg with a tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis, and (viii) claw digitules similar." pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Fig. 40</figureCitation>
; Map fig. 103)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFC2F854FF1AFD7ABEBEE7B4" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFC2F854FF1AFD7AB983E79B" blockId="72.[151,1437,690,743]" box="[151,672,690,712]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFFC2F854FF1AFD7AB983E79B" box="[151,672,690,712]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FFC2F854FF1AFD7AB9BFE79B" author="Hall, W. J." box="[151,668,690,712]" page="296" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" year="1931">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFC2F854FF1AFD7AB9BFE79B" ID-CoL="T45G" authority="Hall, 1931: 296" authorityName="Hall" authorityPageNumber="296" authorityYear="1931" box="[151,668,690,712]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="helichrysi" variety="sinoiae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC2F854FF1AFD7ABA5AE79B" box="[151,377,690,712]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Ceroplastes helichrysi</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC2F854FE26FD7BBAD7E79B" box="[427,500,691,712]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">sinoiae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFC2F854FE77FD7AB9BFE79B" author="Hall, W. J." box="[506,668,690,712]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="285 - 303" refId="ref185738" refString="Hall, W. J. (1931) Observations on the Coccidae of southern Rhodesia. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London 79, 285 - 303." type="journal article" year="1931">Hall, 1931: 296</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFC2F854FF1AFD19BEBEE7B4" blockId="72.[151,1437,690,743]" box="[151,1437,721,743]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFFC2F854FF1AFD19BEBEE7B4" box="[151,1437,721,743]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFC2F854FF1AFD19BAADE7B4" ID-CoL="3FBYT" authority="(Hall)" baseAuthorityName="Hall" box="[151,398,721,743]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Gascardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinoiae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC2F854FF1AFD19BA68E7B4" box="[151,331,721,743]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Gascardia sinoiae</emphasis>
(Hall)
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FFC2F854FE15FD1AB941E7B4" author="De Lotto, G." box="[408,610,721,743]" page="204" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" year="1965">
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFC2F854FE15FD1AB941E7B4" author="De Lotto, G." box="[408,610,721,743]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="174 - 239" refId="ref184199" refString="De Lotto, G. (1965) On some Coccidae (Homoptera), chiefly from Africa. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology, London 16, 174 - 239." type="journal article" year="1965">De Lotto, 1965: 204</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FFC2F854FDE6FD19B866E7B4" author="Bedford, E. C. G." box="[619,837,721,743]" page="1" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" year="1968">
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFC2F854FDE6FD19B866E7B4" author="Bedford, E. C. G." box="[619,837,721,743]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" refId="ref183007" refString="Bedford, E. C. G. (1968) The biology of Ceroplastes sinoiae Hall, with special reference to the ecdysis and morphology of the test. Entomological Memoirs, Department of Agriculture Technical Services, Republic of South Africa, Pretoria 14, iv + 111 pp." type="book" year="1968">
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FFC2F854FDE6FD19B99CE7B4" box="[619,703,721,743]" country="United Kingdom" name="Bedford" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Bedford</collectingRegion>
, 1968: 1–111
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
;
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FFC2F854FCC2FD19BF3AE7B4" author="Hodgson, C. J." box="[847,1049,721,743]" page="37" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" year="1969">
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFC2F854FCC2FD19BF3AE7B4" author="Hodgson, C. J." box="[847,1049,721,743]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="1 - 43" refId="ref185928" refString="Hodgson, C. J. (1969 a) Notes on Rhodesian Coccidae (Homoptera: Coccidea). Part. II: The genera Ceroplastes and Gascardia. Arnoldia (Rhodesia) 4, 1 - 43." type="journal article" year="1969">Hodgson, 1969a: 37</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
; Almeida. 1973: 5;
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FFC2F854FB57FD1ABEBAE7B4" author="Ben-Dov, Y." box="[1242,1433,721,743]" page="56" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" year="1993">
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFC2F854FB57FD1ABEBAE7B4" author="Ben-Dov, Y." box="[1242,1433,721,743]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" refId="ref183122" refString="Ben-Dov, Y. (1993) A Systematic Catalogue of Soft Scales of the World. Sandhill Crane Press, Inc., Florida, USA, Flora &amp; Fauna Handbook 9, 563 p." type="book" year="1993">Ben-Dov, 1993: 56</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFC2F856FF1AFCDBB84EE6F7" lastPageId="74" lastPageNumber="75" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFC2F854FF1AFCDBBE4AE627" blockId="72.[151,1437,787,1892]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC2F854FF1AFCDBB927E67F" bold="true" box="[151,516,787,812]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
Material examined:
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFC2F854FE03FCDCB927E67F" box="[398,516,788,812]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFFC2F854FD9DFCDCB906E678" box="[528,549,788,811]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC2F854FDA1FCDBB8ADE67F" bold="true" box="[556,910,787,812]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
(here designated):
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFC2F854FC82FCDBB8ADE67F" box="[783,910,787,812]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
[Southern Rhodesia]: top label:
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFC2F854FA85FCDCBEA9E67F" box="[1288,1418,788,812]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ceroplastes</taxonomicName>
/ helichrysi var. /
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFC2F854FEC6FCFFBAF1E61C" authority="Hall" authorityName="Hall" box="[331,466,823,847]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Gascardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinoiae">sinoiae Hall</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFC2F854FE65FCFFB96FE61C" box="[488,588,823,847]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">Ficus sp.</taxonomicName>
/ S. Rhodesia. Bottom label: Cotype / 15.iii.30 / (i) WJHall. (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFC2F854FA86FCFFBE45E61C" box="[1291,1382,823,847]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/1 (poor; cardboard envelope stamped
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFC2F854FDA4FC94B9A8E627" box="[553,651,860,884]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
– see discussion on “type” specimens in Materials and methods).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFC2F854FF4AFC48B8A1E6C4" blockId="72.[151,1437,787,1892]" box="[199,898,895,920]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFFC2F854FF4AFC48B85DE6C4" box="[199,894,895,920]" collectionCode="BMNH" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paralectotype">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC2F854FF4AFC48BA4FE6CB" bold="true" box="[199,364,896,920]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFC2F854FF4AFC48BA4FE6CB" box="[199,364,896,920]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFFC2F854FEFEFC48BAABE6C4" box="[371,392,896,919]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
: data as for lectotype (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFC2F854FD11FCB7B9D4E6C4" box="[668,759,895,919]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 3/4 (poor)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFC2F854FF4AFC6BBE17E13C" blockId="72.[151,1437,787,1892]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC2F854FF4AFC6BBA85E6EF" bold="true" box="[199,422,931,956]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
Also:
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFC2F854FE82FC6CBA83E6EF" box="[271,416,932,956]" name="Madagascar" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
,
</emphasis>
Env. Betioky, no host,
<date id="C7011042FFC2F854FD30FC6CB815E6EF" box="[701,822,932,956]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" value="1970-11-13">13.xi.1970</date>
, A.S. Balachowsky (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFC2F854FBA6FC6CBFA1E6EF" box="[1067,1154,932,956]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">MNHN</collectionCode>
#4257): 1/1 (fair-good).
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC2F854FF1AFC0FBA14E6B3" bold="true" box="[151,311,967,992]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFC2F854FF1AFC0FBA11E6B3" box="[151,306,967,992]" name="South Africa" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">South Africa</collectingCountry>
,
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FFC2F854FECCFC0FB93BE68C" box="[321,536,967,991]" inferredBySuffix="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Guanteng Province</collectingRegion>
[Transvaal], Pretoria,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFC2F854FC9AFC00B89AE68C" box="[791,953,968,992]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Jacaranda" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC2F854FC9AFC00B8ADE6B3" box="[791,910,968,992]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Jacaranda</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7011042FFC2F854FC4AFC00BF1CE68C" box="[967,1087,967,991]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" value="1953-11">Nov. 1953</date>
, E.C.G. Bedford (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFC2F854FA87FC0FBE47E68C" box="[1290,1380,967,991]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/3 (fair to good);
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FFC2F854FEB6FC24B914E157" box="[315,567,1004,1028]" country="South Africa" name="Mpumalanga" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Mpumalanga Province</collectingRegion>
[Eastern Transvaal], Nelspruit, on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFC2F854FC4DFC24BF7CE150" box="[960,1119,1004,1028]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Jacaranda" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC2F854FC4DFC24BF14E157" box="[960,1079,1004,1028]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Jacaranda</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7011042FFC2F854FBE1FC24BFC6E157" box="[1132,1253,1004,1028]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" value="1954-09-15">15.ix.1954</date>
, E.C.G. Bedford (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFC2F854FF12FBC7BBDAE174" box="[159,249,1039,1063]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 2/3 (fair to poor); as previous but on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFC2F854FD4FFBD8B8B2E174" box="[706,913,1040,1064]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Loganiaceae" genus="Strychnos" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="innocua">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC2F854FD4FFBD8B8B2E174" box="[706,913,1040,1064]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Strychnos innocua</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, E.C.G. Bedford (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFC2F854FBEFFBC7BF9FE174" box="[1122,1212,1039,1063]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/4 (fair to poor).
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC2F854FF1AFBFBBA36E11F" bold="true" box="[151,277,1075,1100]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFC2F854FF1AFBFBBA36E11F" box="[151,277,1075,1100]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
[S. Rhodesia],
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FFC2F854FE4FFBFCB92EE118" box="[450,525,1076,1099]" country="Zimbabwe" name="Harare" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Harare</collectingRegion>
[Salisbury], Government Forestry Nursery, on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFC2F854FB90FBFCBE3DE11F" box="[1053,1310,1076,1100]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Jacaranda" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mimosifolia">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC2F854FB90FBFCBE3DE11F" box="[1053,1310,1076,1100]" italics="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Jacaranda mimosifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7011042FFC2F854FAA1FBFCBEB4E11F" box="[1324,1431,1076,1100]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" value="1932-09-09">9.ix.1932</date>
, W.J. Hall (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFC2F854FE81FB9FBA45E13C" box="[268,358,1111,1135]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 3/5 (fair to good); Trelawny, host unknown,
<date id="C7011042FFC2F854FCEEFB9FB8FEE13C" box="[867,989,1111,1135]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" value="1931-11-26">26.xi.1931</date>
, W.J. Hall (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFC2F854FBD0FB9FBF94E13C" box="[1117,1207,1111,1135]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/1 (fair).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFC2F854FF4AFBB4BF60E1E4" blockId="72.[151,1437,787,1892]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC2F854FF4AFBB4BBDCE1C7" bold="true" box="[199,255,1148,1172]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Note</emphasis>
.
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFFC2F854FE91FBB4BF1CE1E4" location="Harare" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" specimenCount="2" stateProvince="Harare">
The
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFC2F854FEDFFBB4BAA1E1C7" box="[338,386,1148,1172]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">type</typeStatus>
slide was very poor. The following description was taken mainly from the
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FFC2F854FA86FBB4BE74E1C0" box="[1291,1367,1148,1171]" country="Zimbabwe" name="Harare" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Harare</collectingRegion>
[then Salisbury] material; where available, data from
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFC2F854FD20FB68B9FEE1EB" box="[685,733,1184,1208]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">type</typeStatus>
specimen given in (..) brackets
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFC2F854FF4AFB0CB9F3E01B" blockId="72.[151,1437,787,1892]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC2F854FF4AFB0CBAE9E188" box="[199,458,1219,1244]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC2F854FF4AFB0CBAE1E18F" bold="true" box="[199,450,1219,1244]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Unmounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FFC2F854FE51FB0CB925E188" box="[476,518,1220,1243]" country="Cameroon" name="North" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Not</collectingRegion>
described by Hall. &quot;Test of full-grown adult female hemispherical, not divided into plates, with a shallow medio-dorsal depression at the centre of which is situated a minute elongate boss; wax evenly white in colour; dimensions
<quantity id="74479B67FFC2F854FDA9FAC4B947E070" box="[548,612,1292,1316]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
long;
<quantity id="74479B67FFC2F854FD26FAC4B9C8E070" box="[683,747,1292,1316]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
wide;
<quantity id="74479B67FFC2F854FCBAFAC4B854E070" box="[823,887,1292,1316]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
high.&quot; (
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFC2F854FC42FAC4BF95E077" author="De Lotto, G." box="[975,1206,1292,1316]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" pagination="174 - 239" refId="ref184199" refString="De Lotto, G. (1965) On some Coccidae (Homoptera), chiefly from Africa. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology, London 16, 174 - 239." type="journal article" year="1965">De Lotto, 1965: 206</bibRefCitation>
). For a much longer and more detailed description, see
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFC2F854FD91FAF8B9EFE01B" author="Bedford, E. C. G." box="[540,716,1328,1352]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" refId="ref183007" refString="Bedford, E. C. G. (1968) The biology of Ceroplastes sinoiae Hall, with special reference to the ecdysis and morphology of the test. Entomological Memoirs, Department of Agriculture Technical Services, Republic of South Africa, Pretoria 14, iv + 111 pp." type="book" year="1968">
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FFC2F854FD91FAF8B95BE01B" box="[540,632,1328,1352]" country="United Kingdom" name="Bedford" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Bedford</collectingRegion>
(1968)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFC2F854FF4AFA9CB91EE0E0" blockId="72.[151,1437,787,1892]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC2F854FF4AFA9CBA84E038" box="[199,423,1363,1388]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC2F854FF4AFA9CBA83E03F" bold="true" box="[199,416,1363,1388]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Mounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Body roundly oval and convex, with rather shallow stigmatic clefts; dorsum with marked but small lateral tubercles. Caudal process well developed, very broad at base and cone-shaped. Length 3.0–
<quantity id="74479B67FFC2F854FAF7FAB0BBE6E0E0" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" unit="mm" value="5.5">5.5 mm</quantity>
, total width on slide 2.0–
<quantity id="74479B67FFC2F854FE6DFA54B91AE0E0" box="[480,569,1436,1460]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" unit="mm" value="4.5">4.5 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFC2F854FF4AFA08B9CFE237" blockId="72.[151,1437,787,1892]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC2F854FF4AFA08BA0DE084" box="[199,302,1472,1496]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC2F854FF4AFA08BA04E08B" bold="true" box="[199,295,1472,1496]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Dorsum</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm membranous (but becoming slightly sclerotised on older individuals) except for heavily sclerotised caudal process; latter 0.63–1.1 (1.1) mm long and 0.75–1.5 (1.65) mm wide at base. Derm with 8 clear areas, each with very few or no setae. Dorsal setae mainly quite sharply pointed but a few near margin blunter; length 5.0–6.5 µm, subequal to or slightly longer than width of basal socket, each socket about 5 µm wide; frequent near margin, scarce elsewhere. Dorsal pores: (i) loculate microducts of complex
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFC2F854FBA0F998BF43E33B" box="[1069,1120,1616,1640]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">type</typeStatus>
, each about 4–5 µm widest, with 1–3 satellite loculi, those with 2 satellite loculi most abundant, those with 1 satellite loculus most abundant along margin; pores apparently randomly distributed throughout except in clear areas where absent; long branched inner filament not detected; wax-plate lines not detected; and (ii) simple microducts occasional in clear areas only. Preopercular pores not detected and absent from
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFC2F854FD33F917B866E3A4" box="[702,837,1759,1783]" name="Madagascar" pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
material (but perhaps shown as present in
<figureCitation id="2B842A07FFC2F854FAA4F917BE5DE3A4" box="[1321,1406,1759,1783]" captionStart="FIGURES 2–9" captionStartId="10.[151,257,1622,1643]" captionTargetBox="[165,1419,181,1588]" captionTargetId="figure-325@10.[154,1438,176,1614]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 2–9. 2. C. destructor Newstead, adult females on Bursaria spinosa, Australia (P.J. Gullan). Note that the waxy tests appear rather variable in shape and that the white of the stigmatic wax bands show up very clearly. 3. C. deceptrix (De Lotto), young adult females on unknown host, South Africa (J. Giliomee). Note: the shape of the older wax tests is much modified by the presence of other tests and also the plant’s twigs. However, the younger tests do have a distinct shape and show plates and white stigmatic wax bands. 4. C. deceptrix (De Lotto), mature adult female on unknown host, South Africa (J.H. Giliomee). Note: this is a very old test and it is possible that the wax is beginning to dry out. The dorsal nucleus is just visible. 5. C. rubens Maskell, adult female on Philodendron sp., Colombia (T. Kondo). Note: this is a particularly brightly coloured specimen; also note the characteristic shape of the test and the unusual distribution of the stigmatic wax bands (anterior end to right). 6. C. stellifera (Westwood), on leaf of Schefflera sp., Colombia (T. Kondo). Note: mature adult females red, younger adults rather hyaline (posterior end with short wax rays); plus a 1st- instar nymph. 7. C. rusci Linnaeus, adult females, on Pistacia lentiscus, from Capri, southern Italy (G. Pellizzari). Note: the wax on these specimens is nearly white and test divided into well-defined wax plates. 8. C. rusci Linnaeus, adult females, on Ficus sp., from Leganaro (G. Pellizzari). As for FIGURE 7 but note the pink tinge to the wax of the test. 9. C. theobromae Newstead, adult females. Dried material (MNHN), off Ficus sp., Democratic Republic of Congo (A.L.B.G. Peronti). Note how the wax of dried tests becomes rather clear once much of the water has evaporated." pageId="72" pageNumber="73">Fig. 9B</figureCitation>
of
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFC2F854FF1AF8CCBA65E24F" author="Bedford, E. C. G." box="[151,326,1796,1820]" pageId="72" pageNumber="73" refId="ref183007" refString="Bedford, E. C. G. (1968) The biology of Ceroplastes sinoiae Hall, with special reference to the ecdysis and morphology of the test. Entomological Memoirs, Department of Agriculture Technical Services, Republic of South Africa, Pretoria 14, iv + 111 pp." type="book" year="1968">Bedford (1968)</bibRefCitation>
on South African material). Anal plates each 140–160 µm long, width of both plates combined 110–130 µm, each with 3 long dorsal setae, each seta probably 50–65 µm long (mostly missing), + a shorter apical seta about 25 µm. Anal tube about 165–200 µm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFC0F856FF4AFF5FB84AE4D4" blockId="74.[151,1437,151,1472]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC0F856FF4AFF5FBA0BE5FC" box="[199,296,151,176]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC0F856FF4AFF5FBA02E5E3" bold="true" box="[199,289,151,176]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Margin</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Marginal setae strongly setose, each about 19–25 µm long; with 13–16 between eyespots anteriorly; 7–10 between eyespot and anterior stigmatic cleft; 10–12 between clefts laterally, and 19–22 along each abdominal margin; each anal lobe with 2 or 3 longer setae, longest about 25–30 µm long. Stigmatic clefts each with a small group of bluntly conical stigmatic setae in a compact, fairly broad group on dorsum; each group about as long as wide or slightly wider; each group with 5–9 stigmatic setae along margin, and with totals of
<quantity id="74479B67FFC0F856FB37FEEFBE3CE46C" box="[1210,1311,295,319]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.588" metricValueMax="6.604" metricValueMin="4.572" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" unit="in" value="22.0" valueMax="26.0" valueMin="18.0">18–26 in</quantity>
each cleft, including 1 rather larger near apex of each group; most setae 8–12 µm long and 6.5–10 µm wide; larger seta 14–17 µm long, 13–14 µm wide. Eyespots each about 33–36 µm wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFC0F856FF4AFE5CBAFFE7BC" blockId="74.[151,1437,151,1472]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC0F856FF4AFE5CBA3FE4F8" box="[199,284,404,428]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC0F856FF4AFE5CBA36E4FF" bold="true" box="[199,277,404,428]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Venter</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm entirely membranous. Pregenital disc-pores abundant around genital opening (segment VII) and across segments VI and V; also with 6–11 medially and 6–many submedially on segment IV, 3–6 medially and 0–4 submedially on segment III, and 1 or 2 medially and 0–4 submedially on II; absent on thorax and head. Spiracular disc-pores present in bands of about 100–120 pores, each band quite narrow near spiracle but gradually broadening to margin, where about as broad as stigmatic setal group; with none extending medially; those near each cleft more sclerotised and slightly larger. Ventral microducts showing nothing distinctive. Ventral tubular ducts each perhaps without an inner ductule; abundant in cephalic region in a group of 20–30 ducts; also with ducts associated with mediolateral folds in all abdominal segments, most abundant posteriorly but thought to be absent medially on abdomen (present on
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFC0F856FD9BFD7CB9BEE79F" box="[534,669,692,716]" name="Madagascar" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
specimen). Submarginal setae each about 11–13 µm long and more frequent than marginal setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFC0F856FF4AFD34B84EE6F7" blockId="74.[151,1437,151,1472]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Antennae each with 6 segments, segment III generally with a hint of pseudo-articulations; total length 300–345 (370) µm. Spiracles: width of peritremes 55–85 (70–75) µm. Legs well developed, each with a distinct tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis; claw denticle obscure; claw digitules similar, both broad, and shorter than tarsal digitules; dimensions of metathoracic legs (µm): coxa 150–178 (170–183); trochanter + femur 195–210 (215–235); tibia 140–153 (170–178); tarsus 78–90 (87–95), and claw 25–27 (28).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFC0F856FF4AFC67BA76E093" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFC0F856FF4AFC67BE21E1CC" blockId="74.[151,1437,151,1472]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC0F856FF4AFC67BA6FE694" box="[199,332,943,968]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC0F856FF4AFC67BA66E69B" bold="true" box="[199,325,943,968]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Discussion</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
This species was originally described as a variety of
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFC0F856FC4DFC78BFE0E694" authority="Hall. As" authorityName="Hall. As" box="[960,1219,943,968]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helichrysi">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC0F856FC4DFC78BF72E69B" box="[960,1105,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">C. helichrysi</emphasis>
Hall. As
</taxonomicName>
pointed out by
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFC0F856FAF6FC78BA0AE6BF" author="De Lotto, G." pageId="74" pageNumber="75" pagination="174 - 239" refId="ref184199" refString="De Lotto, G. (1965) On some Coccidae (Homoptera), chiefly from Africa. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Entomology, London 16, 174 - 239." type="journal article" year="1965">De Lotto (1965)</bibRefCitation>
,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFC0F856FEBBFC1CBA89E6BF" box="[310,426,980,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Gascardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinoiae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC0F856FEBBFC1CBA89E6BF" box="[310,426,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">C. sinoiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, although bearing a close superficial resemblance to
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFC0F856FB87FC1CBFB9E6BF" box="[1034,1178,980,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helichrysi">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC0F856FB87FC1CBFB9E6BF" box="[1034,1178,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">C. helichrysi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, is clearly specifically different and, in fact, is rather easily distinguished from the latter species. Some of the main differences between these 2 species are (character-states on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFC0F856FDEFFBD4B9D7E167" box="[610,756,1052,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="helichrysi">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC0F856FDEFFBD4B9D7E167" box="[610,756,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">C. helichrysi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in brackets): (i) caudal process heavily sclerotised (barely sclerotised); (ii) loculate microducts of the complex
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFC0F856FD64FB88B83AE10B" box="[745,793,1088,1112]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">type</typeStatus>
(simple
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFC0F856FCF1FBF7B892E104" box="[892,945,1087,1111]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">type</typeStatus>
); (iii) tubular ducts on abdominal segments restricted to anogenital fold (also present medially and submarginally); (iv) tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis present (absent), and (v) dorsal setae mainly longer than width of basal sockets (subequal or shorter).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFC0F856FF4AFB64BEBEE05F" blockId="74.[151,1437,151,1472]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFC0F856FF4AFB64BA19E197" box="[199,314,1196,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Gascardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinoiae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC0F856FF4AFB64BA19E197" box="[199,314,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">C. sinoiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is very similar to
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFC0F856FD80FB64B973E197" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[525,592,1196,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jos">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC0F856FD80FB64B973E197" box="[525,592,1196,1220]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">C. jos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, described as new above, but differs mainly in having a triangular-shaped caudal process, about as wide as long, whereas that of
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFC0F856FC90FB18B841E1B4" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[797,866,1232,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jos">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC0F856FC90FB18B841E1B4" box="[797,866,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">C. jos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is more elongate and parallel-sided. For further discussion, see under
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC0F856FE07FB3CBAF1E05F" box="[394,466,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFC0F856FE07FB3CBAEDE05F" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[394,462,1268,1292]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jos">C. jos</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
In addition,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFC0F856FDEBFB3CB9FBE05F" box="[614,728,1268,1292]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Gascardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinoiae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC0F856FDEBFB3CB9FBE05F" box="[614,728,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">C. sinoiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFC0F856FC80FB3CB86CE05F" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[781,847,1268,1292]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jos">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC0F856FC80FB3CB86CE05F" box="[781,847,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">C. jos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are only known from opposite ends of the continent.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFC0F856FF4AFAD0BA76E093" blockId="74.[151,1437,151,1472]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFC0F856FF4AFAD0BA19E07C" box="[199,314,1304,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Gascardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinoiae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC0F856FF4AFAD0BA19E07C" box="[199,314,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">C. sinoiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is currently only known from
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFC0F856FD1AFADFB9CAE07C" box="[663,745,1303,1327]" name="Angola" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Angola</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFC0F856FD74FADFBF13E07C" author="Carvalho, M. U. P. &amp; Cardoso, H. L." box="[761,1072,1303,1327]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" refId="ref183576" refString="Carvalho, M. U. P. &amp; Cardoso, H. L. (1970) Lista de pragas de Angola respeitante ao ano de 1968. [List of pests in Angola in 1968.] (In Portuguese). Instituto de Investigacao Agronomica de Angola, Serie Tecnica 19." type="journal volume" year="1970">Carvalho &amp; Cardoso, 1970</bibRefCitation>
),
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFC0F856FBC8FADFBFEDE07C" box="[1093,1230,1303,1327]" name="Madagascar" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Madagascar</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFC0F856FB57FADFBE48E07C" box="[1242,1387,1303,1327]" name="South Africa" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">South Africa</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFC0F856FF1AFAF4BA31E007" box="[151,274,1340,1364]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
.
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFC0F856FEAEFAF4BAF8E007" author="Ben-Dov, Y." box="[291,475,1340,1364]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" refId="ref183122" refString="Ben-Dov, Y. (1993) A Systematic Catalogue of Soft Scales of the World. Sandhill Crane Press, Inc., Florida, USA, Flora &amp; Fauna Handbook 9, 563 p." type="book" year="1993">Ben-Dov (1993)</bibRefCitation>
gives six plant families:
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFC0F856FD79FAF4BF5EE007" authority=", Guttiferae, Labiatae" authorityName="Guttiferae, Labiatae" box="[756,1149,1340,1364]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Bignoniaceae, Guttiferae, Labiatae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFC0F856FB05FAF4BFD0E007" box="[1160,1267,1340,1364]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Fabales" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Fabaceae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFC0F856FB73FAF4BE4FE000" box="[1278,1388,1340,1363]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Moraceae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFC0F856FF1AFAA8BA2FE02B" box="[151,268,1376,1400]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rubiaceae</taxonomicName>
but
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFC0F856FEB0FAA8B92BE02B" author="Bedford, E. C. G." box="[317,520,1376,1400]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" refId="ref183007" refString="Bedford, E. C. G. (1968) The biology of Ceroplastes sinoiae Hall, with special reference to the ecdysis and morphology of the test. Entomological Memoirs, Department of Agriculture Technical Services, Republic of South Africa, Pretoria 14, iv + 111 pp." type="book" year="1968">Bedford (1968: 7)</bibRefCitation>
also found it on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFC0F856FD49FAA8B856E02B" box="[708,885,1376,1400]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asclepiadaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF,IPNI" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Asclepiadaceae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFC0F856FC0CFAA8BF04E02B" box="[897,1063,1376,1400]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Euphorbiaceae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFC0F856FBD3FAA8BFCCE02B" box="[1118,1263,1376,1400]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Verbenaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Verbenaceae</taxonomicName>
. Its biology on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFC0F856FF1AFA4CBABEE0CF" box="[151,413,1412,1436]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" genus="Jacaranda" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="mimosifolia">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC0F856FF1AFA4CBABEE0CF" box="[151,413,1412,1436]" italics="true" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">Jacaranda mimosifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was studied in great detail in
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFC0F856FC85FA4CB8B8E0CF" box="[776,923,1412,1436]" name="South Africa" pageId="74" pageNumber="75">South Africa</collectingCountry>
by
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFC0F856FC40FA4CBFA3E0CF" author="Bedford, E. C. G." box="[973,1152,1412,1436]" pageId="74" pageNumber="75" refId="ref183007" refString="Bedford, E. C. G. (1968) The biology of Ceroplastes sinoiae Hall, with special reference to the ecdysis and morphology of the test. Entomological Memoirs, Department of Agriculture Technical Services, Republic of South Africa, Pretoria 14, iv + 111 pp." type="book" year="1968">Bedford (1968)</bibRefCitation>
, who also described the immature stages.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

236
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<heading id="E84881EEFFC9F85FFF1AFE55B9E8E4E4" bold="true" box="[151,715,413,439]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC9F85FFF1AFE55B9E8E4E4" bold="true" box="[151,715,413,439]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFC9F85FFF1AFE55B964E4E4" authority="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[151,583,413,439]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jos" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC9F85FFF1AFE55BA6FE4E4" bold="true" box="[151,332,413,439]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Ceroplastes jos</emphasis>
Hodgson &amp; Peronti
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AF857EBFFC9F85FFDD9FE55B9E8E4E4" box="[596,715,413,439]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFC9F85FFF1AFE77BABAE484" box="[151,409,447,471]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="description">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFC9F85FFF1AFE77BABAE484" blockId="67.[151,715,413,471]" box="[151,409,447,471]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
(
<figureCitation id="2B842A07FFC9F85FFF12FE77BBD0E484" box="[159,243,447,471]" captionStart="FIGURE 38" captionStartId="67.[151,244,1839,1860]" captionText="FIGURE 38. C. jos Hodgson &amp; Peronti, spec. nov. Type series. For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes: (i) caudal process heavily sclerotised and almost tubular, extending posteriorly; (ii) dorsal setae quite long but bluntly pointed; (iii) dorsal loculate microducts of complex-type, with mainly 3 or 4 satellite loculi; (iv) each stigmatic cleft with a compact group of stigmatic setae, not extending out of cleft along margins; (v) all stigmatic setae subequal in size; (vi) ventral tubular ducts present both anteriorly and posteriorly; (vii) each leg with a tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis, and (viii) claw digitules similar." pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Fig. 38</figureCitation>
; Map fig. 103)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFC9F859FF1AFDC8B831E7D7" lastPageId="69" lastPageNumber="70" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFC9F85FFF1AFDC8B8B6E76D" blockId="67.[151,1436,512,1583]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC9F85FFF1AFDC8BAA4E74A" bold="true" box="[151,391,512,537]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Material examined:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFFC9F85FFE1FFDC9B8B6E76D" collectingDate="1962-01-29" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="W. J. Hall" country="Nigeria" location="Jos" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC9F85FFE1FFDC9BADCE74A" bold="true" box="[402,511,513,537]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFC9F85FFE1FFDC9BADCE74A" box="[402,511,513,537]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFFC9F85FFD86FDCAB903E74A" box="[523,544,514,537]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
:
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC9F85FFDB9FDC8B9AFE74A" bold="true" box="[564,652,512,537]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFC9F85FFDB9FDC8B9AFE74A" box="[564,652,512,537]" name="Nigeria" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
,
<location id="B6606059FFC9F85FFD12FDCAB9E6E74A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FFC9F859FF1AFE55BA20E104:B6606059FFC9F85FFD12FDCAB9E6E74A" box="[671,709,514,537]" country="Nigeria" name="Jos" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Jos</location>
, on a large tree,
<date id="C7011042FFC9F85FFC19FDC9BF23E74A" box="[916,1024,513,537]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" value="1962-01-29">
<collectingDate id="D745E9AAFFC9F85FFC19FDC9BF23E74A" box="[916,1024,513,537]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" value="1962-01-29">29.i.1962</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FFC9F85FFB9DFDCABF5FE74A" box="[1040,1148,513,537]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">W.J. Hall</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFC9F85FFB1DFDC9BFC8E74A" box="[1168,1259,513,537]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/2 (
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFC9F85FFAB5FDC9BEBFE74A" box="[1336,1436,513,537]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
specimen nearest species name label; misidentified as
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFC9F85FFD75FDEEB8A6E76D" box="[760,901,550,574]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bipartitus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC9F85FFD75FDEEB8A6E76D" box="[760,901,550,574]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">C. bipartitus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFC9F85FFF4AFD84BACDE7DA" blockId="67.[151,1436,512,1583]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFFC9F85FFF4AFD84BACBE7DA" collectionCode="BMNH" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC9F85FFF4AFD84BA17E737" bold="true" box="[199,308,588,612]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFC9F85FFF4AFD84BA17E737" box="[199,308,588,612]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFFC9F85FFEB1FD84BA72E730" box="[316,337,588,611]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
, remaining specimen on
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFC9F85FFD08FD84B9C4E737" box="[645,743,588,612]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
slide, plus a further slide as for
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFC9F85FFBD5FD84BF99E737" box="[1112,1210,588,612]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFC9F85FFB47FD84BE06E737" box="[1226,1317,588,612]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/2 (fair; misidentified as
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFC9F85FFEDDFDB9BAFEE7DA" box="[336,477,625,649]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bipartitus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC9F85FFEDDFDB9BAFEE7DA" box="[336,477,625,649]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">C. bipartitus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFC9F85FFF4AFD5FB967E7FD" blockId="67.[151,1436,512,1583]" box="[199,580,662,687]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC9F85FFF4AFD5FBAE4E7FD" box="[199,455,662,687]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC9F85FFF4AFD5FBAE3E7FC" bold="true" box="[199,448,662,687]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Unmounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFC9F85FFF4AFD74BF83E610" blockId="67.[151,1436,512,1583]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC9F85FFF4AFD74BA89E780" box="[199,426,699,724]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC9F85FFF4AFD74BA80E787" bold="true" box="[199,419,699,724]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Mounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Body rather roundly oval and convex, with distinct, shallow, stigmatic clefts; dorsum with distinct lateral tubercles. Caudal process long and narrow, and narrowing slightly towards apex; probably pointing posteriorly. Length (without caudal process) about 3.0–
<quantity id="74479B67FFC9F85FFCF7FCCEB8F0E64D" box="[890,979,774,798]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" unit="mm" value="3.2">3.2 mm</quantity>
, width across venter about
<quantity id="74479B67FFC9F85FFA81FCCEBEBBE64D" box="[1292,1432,774,798]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.55" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" unit="mm" value="2.55" valueMax="2.7" valueMin="2.4">2.4–2.7 mm</quantity>
; caudal process about
<quantity id="74479B67FFC9F85FFE0AFCE4B92EE610" box="[391,525,812,836]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" unit="mm" value="1.55" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.3">1.3–1.8 mm</quantity>
long; width across base of flattened process 0.88–1.0 mm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFC9F85FFF4AFC99BF2AE057" blockId="67.[151,1436,512,1583]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC9F85FFF4AFC99BA0DE63A" box="[199,302,849,873]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC9F85FFF4AFC99BA04E63A" bold="true" box="[199,295,849,873]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Dorsum</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm membranous except for heavily sclerotised caudal process. Derm apparently with 7 clear areas; each with very few or no dorsal setae; dorsal area either very small or absent, i.e., with both setae and loculate microducts. Dorsal setae each bluntly spinose, with slightly converging sides and a narrow, blunt apex; each subequal to or (more generally) clearly longer than width of basal-socket (length 5.0–6.5 µm; basal socket width 4.5–5.0 µm); present sparsely throughout but scarce or absent in clear areas. Dorsal pores: (i) loculate microducts of complex
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFC9F85FFE23FBC4BAC2E177" box="[430,481,1036,1060]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">type</typeStatus>
, each with 2–4 satellite loculi, each pore about 5.0–7.5 µm widest; those with 3 satellite loculi most abundant, those with 4 and 2 about equally frequent and about 1/6–1/8th as frequent as those with 3 loculi; abundant throughout but absent from all clear areas; wax-plate lines not detected; and (ii) simple microducts probably restricted to lateral clear areas. Preopercular pores not detected, perhaps absent. Anal plates each with 3 long, flagellate dorsal setae placed near posterior margin, each 58–85 µm long, plus a shorter seta near apex, about 38–40 µm long; length of plates 157–170 µm, width of single plate 85–90 µm. Anal tube quite short, about 1.25x length of anal plates; anal ring setae each about 205–215 µm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFC9F85FFF4AFAD9BA6DE37D" blockId="67.[151,1436,512,1583]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC9F85FFF4AFAD9BA0BE07A" box="[199,296,1297,1322]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC9F85FFF4AFAD9BA02E079" bold="true" box="[199,289,1297,1322]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Margin</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Marginal setae setose, each about 18–23 µm long, with 8–20 anteriorly between eyespots, and (on each side) 5–8 between eyespots and anterior stigmatic area, 8–12 between stigmatic areas and 16–20 on either side of abdomen; each anal lobe with 2 or 3 slightly longer setae, longest about 30–35 µm long. Stigmatic clefts shallow but distinct, each with a group of bluntly conical stigmatic setae extending in a broad group onto dorsum; each group about 2x as wide than long; anterior groups with 18–25 setae and posterior groups with 24–26 setae; setae rather uniform in size, most 10–13 µm wide and 15–20 µm long but each group generally with a noticeably larger seta about 18–20 µm wide and 20–22 µm long, located towards dorsal apex of group. Eyespots each lens 45–55 µm wide.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E7C0660AFFC9F85FFF1AF8E7B84CE297" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" startId="67.[151,244,1839,1860]">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFC9F85FFF1AF8E7B84CE297" blockId="67.[151,1436,1839,1988]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC9F85FFF1AF8E7BA3BE217" bold="true" box="[151,280,1839,1860]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">FIGURE 38.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFC9F85FFEA8F8F8B902E217" authority="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[293,545,1839,1861]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jos" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC9F85FFEA8F8F8BA7EE216" box="[293,349,1840,1861]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">C. jos</emphasis>
Hodgson &amp; Peronti
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AF857EBFFC9F85FFDA6F8E7B9A8E217" box="[555,651,1839,1860]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Type series. For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes: (i) caudal process heavily sclerotised and almost tubular, extending posteriorly; (ii) dorsal setae quite long but bluntly pointed; (iii) dorsal loculate microducts of complex-type, with mainly 3 or 4 satellite loculi; (iv) each stigmatic cleft with a compact group of stigmatic setae, not extending out of cleft along margins; (v) all stigmatic setae subequal in size; (vi) ventral tubular ducts present both anteriorly and posteriorly; (vii) each leg with a tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis, and (viii) claw digitules similar.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFCFF859FF4AFF50BE6BE49C" blockId="69.[151,1437,151,1111]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCFF859FF4AFF50BA38E5FC" box="[199,283,152,176]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCFF859FF4AFF50BA37E5E3" bold="true" box="[199,276,152,176]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Venter</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm entirely membranous. Pregenital disc-pores abundant around genital opening (segment VII) and across preceding segment, with 22–38+ medially on V plus many disc-pores submedially; segment IV with 9–12 medially +
<quantity id="74479B67FFCFF859FE97FF17BA53E5A4" box="[282,368,223,247]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.905" metricValueMax="2.54" metricValueMin="1.27" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" unit="in" value="7.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="5.0">5–10 in</quantity>
a group submedially, and III with 0–1 medially + 2 or 3 submedially; absent more anteriorly. Spiracular disc-pores present in fairly broad bands of at least 100 pores, each band widening near margin, but not becoming as wide as group of stigmatic setae; with none extending medially past peritreme. Ventral microducts scarce or absent on posterior abdominal segments. Ventral tubular ducts present in a diffuse group of probably 10–25 ducts in cephalic region; also with 1–3 medially + 0–2 submedially associated with mediolateral lobes of abdominal segment III, 1–8 medially + several submedially on IV, and several medially and particularly submedially on V and probably VI; each with a filamentous inner ductule. Submarginal setae frequent, each 10 µm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFCFF859FF4AFE14B831E7D7" blockId="69.[151,1437,151,1111]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Antennae each with 6 segments, segment III sometimes with a hint of pseudo-articulations; total length 335–375 µm. Clypeolabral shield about 175–205 µm long. Spiracles: width of peritremes 83–90 µm. Legs well developed, each with a small tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis; each claw with a small denticle; claw digitules both broad and shorter than tarsal digitules; dimensions of metathoracic legs (µm): coxa 180–190; trochanter + femur 225–245, tibia 155–165, tarsus 90–100, and claw 28–31.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFCFF859FF4AFD47BA20E104" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFCFF859FF4AFD47B8A0E694" blockId="69.[151,1437,151,1111]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCFF859FF4AFD47BA6FE7F4" box="[199,332,655,680]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCFF859FF4AFD47BA66E7FB" bold="true" box="[199,325,655,680]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Discussion</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Although labelled
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFCFF859FDBBFD58B812E7FB" box="[566,817,656,680]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bipartitus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCFF859FDBBFD58B812E7FB" box="[566,817,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Ceroplastes bipartitus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, these specimens differ as discussed above under
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCFF859FA0FFD58BA7BE79F" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFCFF859FA0FFD58BA2BE79F" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bipartitus">C. bipartitus</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFCFF859FE9AFD7CBA7BE79F" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[279,344,692,716]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jos">C. jos</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
is also very similar to
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFCFF859FDDEFD7CB9D9E79F" authority="Hall" authorityName="Hall" box="[595,762,692,716]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinoiae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCFF859FDDEFD7CB9E7E79F" box="[595,708,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">C. sinoiae</emphasis>
Hall
</taxonomicName>
but
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFCFF859FCA6FD7CB8BFE79F" box="[811,924,692,716]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinoiae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCFF859FCA6FD7CB8BFE79F" box="[811,924,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">C. sinoiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is currently only known from southern Africa whereas
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFCFF859FF74FD10BA18E7BC" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[249,315,728,752]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jos">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCFF859FF74FD10BA18E7BC" box="[249,315,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">C. jos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is only known from
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFCFF859FDA9FD1FB958E7BC" box="[548,635,727,751]" name="Nigeria" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
.
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFCFF859FD00FD10B9EDE7BC" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[653,718,728,752]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jos">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCFF859FD00FD10B9EDE7BC" box="[653,718,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">C. jos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs from
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFCFF859FCEFFD10B8F0E7BC" box="[866,979,728,752]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinoiae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCFF859FCEFFD10B8F0E7BC" box="[866,979,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">C. sinoiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having (character-states on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFCFF859FAA7FD10BEBFE7BC" box="[1322,1436,728,752]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="sinoiae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCFF859FAA7FD10BEBFE7BC" box="[1322,1436,728,752]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">C. sinoiae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in brackets): (i) a much narrower caudal process, more or less parallel-sided (more or less triangular and about as broad basally as long); (ii) seven clear areas, the medio-dorsal area obscure or absent (dorsal area present); (iii) each group of stigmatic setae about twice as wide as long (about as wide as long); (iv) ventral tubular ducts present medially on posterior abdominal segments (believed to be absent), (v) loculate microducts with 3 satellite loculi most abundant and pores with 4 satellite loculi present (pores with 2 satellite loculi most abundant, those with 4 loculi absent), and (vi) dorsal setae quite sharply pointed (blunter).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFCFF859FF4AFC1CBAA6E15C" blockId="69.[151,1437,151,1111]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
At present, this species is only known from the original material off a large unknown tree in
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFCFF859FB58FC1CBE0FE6BF" box="[1237,1324,980,1004]" name="Nigeria" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
, collected by W.J. Hall in 1962.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFCFF859FF4AFBD4BA20E104" blockId="69.[151,1437,151,1111]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCFF859FF4AFBD4BAACE167" bold="true" box="[199,399,1051,1076]" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Name derivation</emphasis>
: the specific name
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFCFF859FDEAFBD5B9ABE167" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[615,648,1053,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="69" pageNumber="70" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jos">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCFF859FDEAFBD5B9ABE167" box="[615,648,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">jos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is taken from the upland area of
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFCFF859FC74FBD4BF73E167" box="[1017,1104,1052,1076]" name="Nigeria" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Nigeria</collectingCountry>
, the Jos
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FFCFF859FB23FBD4BE20E167" box="[1198,1283,1052,1076]" country="Nigeria" name="Plateau" pageId="69" pageNumber="70">Plateau</collectingRegion>
, where it was collected.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

422
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<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCAF85CFF1AFEFABABEE41F" bold="true" box="[151,413,306,332]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Ceroplastes bipartitus</emphasis>
Newstead
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<paragraph id="B3003682FFCAF85CFF1AFE9DBABAE43E" blockId="64.[151,541,306,365]" box="[151,409,341,365]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
(
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; Map fig. 103)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFCAF85CFF1AFE5FBA04E4BA" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFCAF85CFF1AFE5FB96CE4FF" blockId="64.[151,1436,406,489]" box="[151,591,406,429]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
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<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FFCAF85CFF1AFE5FB969E4FF" author="Newstead, R." box="[151,586,406,429]" page="25" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" year="1917">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFCAF85CFF1AFE5FB969E4FF" ID-CoL="T3XW" authority="Newstead, 1917: 25" authorityName="Newstead" authorityPageNumber="25" authorityYear="1917" box="[151,586,406,429]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bipartitus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCAF85CFF1AFE5FBA5BE4FE" box="[151,376,407,429]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Ceroplastes bipartitus</emphasis>
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.
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<paragraph id="B3003682FFCAF85CFF1AFE7DBA04E4BA" blockId="64.[151,1436,406,489]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFFCAF85CFF1AFE7DBA04E4BA" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFCAF85CFF1AFE7DBAFCE498" ID-CoL="3FBY9" authority="(Newstead)" baseAuthorityName="Newstead" box="[151,479,437,459]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Gascardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bipartita">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCAF85CFF1AFE7DBA43E498" box="[151,352,437,459]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Gascardia bipartita</emphasis>
(Newstead)
</taxonomicName>
;
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;
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;
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FFCAF85CFCDDFE7EBF03E498" author="De Lotto, G." box="[848,1056,437,459]" page="181" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" year="1965">
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, 195;
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<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFCAF85CFBD2FE7DBE0CE498" author="Hodgson, C. J." box="[1119,1327,437,459]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="1 - 43" refId="ref185928" refString="Hodgson, C. J. (1969 a) Notes on Rhodesian Coccidae (Homoptera: Coccidea). Part. II: The genera Ceroplastes and Gascardia. Arnoldia (Rhodesia) 4, 1 - 43." type="journal article" year="1969">Hodgson, 1969a: 22</bibRefCitation>
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;
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FFCAF85CFAB6FE7EBA00E4BA" author="Ben-Dov, Y." page="21" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" year="1993">
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFCAF85CFAB6FE7EBA00E4BA" author="Ben-Dov, Y." pageId="64" pageNumber="65" refId="ref183122" refString="Ben-Dov, Y. (1993) A Systematic Catalogue of Soft Scales of the World. Sandhill Crane Press, Inc., Florida, USA, Flora &amp; Fauna Handbook 9, 563 p." type="book" year="1993">Ben-Dov, 1993: 21</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
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<paragraph id="B3003682FFCAF85CFF1AFDC7BFCBE71F" blockId="64.[151,1437,527,2028]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCAF85CFF1AFDC7BAA1E77B" bold="true" box="[151,386,527,552]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Material examined:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFFCAF85CFE04FDD8BFCBE71F" collectionCode="BMNH" country="South Africa" location="Newstead" municipality="Cotype" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" typeStatus="lectotype">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCAF85CFE04FDD8BADCE77B" bold="true" box="[393,511,528,552]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFCAF85CFE04FDD8BADCE77B" box="[393,511,528,552]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFFCAF85CFD88FDD8B939E774" box="[517,538,528,551]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCAF85CFDACFDC7B8BDE77B" bold="true" box="[545,926,527,552]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
(here designated):
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFCAF85CFD73FDC7B8BAE77B" box="[766,921,527,552]" name="South Africa" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">South Africa</collectingCountry>
,
</emphasis>
left label: Dept. Agric. Mauritius; right label:
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFCAF85CFF1AFDFCBA3AE71F" box="[151,281,564,588]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ceroplastes</taxonomicName>
/ bipartitus /
<location id="B6606059FFCAF85CFE22FDFCB93EE71F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FFCAF85FFF1AFEFAB958E416:B6606059FFCAF85CFE22FDFCB93EE71F" box="[431,541,564,588]" country="South Africa" municipality="Cotype" name="Newstead" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Newstead</location>
/
<collectingMunicipality id="5364ACF8FFCAF85CFDBEFDFCB9A7E71F" box="[563,644,564,588]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Cotype</collectingMunicipality>
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFFCAF85CFD06FDFCB996E718" box="[651,693,564,587]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
/ RN. (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFCAF85CFC8AFDFCB841E71F" box="[775,866,564,588]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/3,
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFCAF85CFC2AFDFCBF2EE71F" box="[935,1037,564,588]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
smallest specimen.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFCAF85CFF4AFD90B9AEE7E4" blockId="64.[151,1437,527,2028]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCAF85CFF4AFD90BA4FE723" bold="true" box="[199,364,600,624]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFCAF85CFF4AFD90BA4FE723" box="[199,364,600,624]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFFCAF85CFEF8FD90BABCE73C" box="[373,415,600,623]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
: remaining
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFFCAF85CFDA6FD9FB9AAE7E4" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="de Charmoy" country="South Africa" location="South Africa" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="lectotype">
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFFCAF85CFDA6FD9FB994E73C" box="[555,695,599,623]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
on
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFCAF85CFD6AFD9FB86DE73C" box="[743,846,599,623]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
slide; plus as for
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFCAF85CFBADFD9FBFA5E73C" box="[1056,1158,599,623]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
(
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFCAF85CFB14FD9FBFD7E73C" box="[1177,1268,599,623]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 2/ca8 (poor). These are considered to represent the type specimens as the only data that
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFCAF85CFB84FDB4BFEEE7C7" author="Newstead, R." box="[1033,1229,636,660]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="1 - 34" refId="ref187846" refString="Newstead, R. (1917) Observations on scale-insects (Coccidae) IV. Bulletin of Entomological Research 8, 1 - 34." type="journal article" year="1917">Newstead (1917)</bibRefCitation>
gave was “
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFCAF85CFAD5FDB4BBC1E7E4" name="South Africa" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">South Africa</collectingCountry>
, 1914 (
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCAF85CFEB9FD68BA9DE7EB" box="[308,446,672,696]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FFCAF85CFEB9FD68BA9DE7EB" box="[308,446,672,696]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">de Charmoy</collectorName>
</emphasis>
); see notes below
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFCAF85CFF4AFD0BB915E6DC" blockId="64.[151,1437,527,2028]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCAF85CFF4AFD0BBA8FE78F" bold="true" box="[199,428,707,732]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
Also:
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFCAF85CFE82FD0BBA8FE78F" box="[271,428,707,732]" name="South Africa" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">South Africa</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
,
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FFCAF85CFE30FD0CB9B1E78F" box="[445,658,708,732]" country="South Africa" name="Limpopo" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Limpopo Province</collectingRegion>
[Northern Transvaal], Magdebaskloof, Tzaheen,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFCAF85CFB43FD0CBBF2E7AC" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sylvaticus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCAF85CFB43FD0CBEB7E78F" box="[1230,1428,708,732]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Croton sylvaticus</emphasis>
, 1955
</taxonomicName>
, J.H.C. Grobler (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFCAF85CFE2DFD2FBAD8E7AC" box="[416,507,743,767]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 3/7 (3 fair, others poor). Also:
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCAF85CFC1CFD2FBF33E653" bold="true" box="[913,1040,743,768]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFCAF85CFC1CFD2FBF33E653" box="[913,1040,743,768]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
[Southern Rhodesia], Morgenster Mission,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFCAF85CFE8FFCC4BAEDE677" box="[258,462,780,804]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Loganiaceae" genus="Strychnos" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="spinosa">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCAF85CFE8FFCC4BAEDE677" box="[258,462,780,804]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Strychnos spinosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7011042FFCAF85CFE52FCC4B96EE677" box="[479,589,780,804]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" value="1939-03-02">2.iii.1939</date>
, W.J. Hall (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFCAF85CFD54FCC4B817E677" box="[729,820,780,804]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/2 (fair-good);
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FFCAF85CFB8EFCC4BF6CE670" box="[1027,1103,780,803]" country="Zimbabwe" name="Harare" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Harare</collectingRegion>
[Salisbury], on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFCAF85CFA81FCC5BEB5E670" box="[1292,1430,780,804]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Verbenaceae" genus="Duranta" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCAF85CFA81FCC5BE48E677" box="[1292,1387,781,804]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Duranta</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7011042FFCAF85CFF1AFCF8BA28E614" box="[151,267,815,840]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" value="1934-05">May 1934</date>
, P. Falk (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFCAF85CFEFFFCE7BAE9E614" box="[370,458,815,839]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">BMNH</collectionCode>
, ex Dept. Agric.,
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FFCAF85CFD1CFCF8B9FEE614" box="[657,733,816,839]" country="Zimbabwe" name="Harare" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Harare</collectingRegion>
[Salisbury], No 6393)): 1/2 (fair); Inyazura, on unknown host,
<date id="C7011042FFCAF85CFF1AFC9CBA32E63F" box="[151,273,852,876]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" value="1928-06-10">10.vi.1928</date>
, W.J. Hall (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFCAF85CFE15FC9CBAD0E63F" box="[408,499,852,876]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/2 (fair-good).
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCAF85CFD4BFC9BB800E63F" bold="true" box="[710,803,851,876]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFCAF85CFD4BFC9BB800E63F" box="[710,803,851,876]" name="Zambia" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Zambia</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
, Nangweshi, on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFCAF85CFC68FC9CBF7DE638" box="[997,1118,852,876]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCAF85CFC68FC9CBF17E63F" box="[997,1076,852,876]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Croton</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7011042FFCAF85CFBE1FC9CBFCEE63F" box="[1132,1261,852,876]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" value="1952-07-22">22.vii.1952</date>
, Dr. L.E. Codd (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFCAF85CFF13FCBFBBD5E6DC" box="[158,246,887,911]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">BMNH</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFCAF85CFE8FFCBFBA0BE6DC" box="[258,296,887,911]" country="China" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:14090" name="South China Normal University" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="Herbarium">SN</collectionCode>
4133): 3/9 (mainly fair).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFCAF85CFF4AFC54B8C1E1DF" blockId="64.[151,1437,527,2028]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCAF85CFF4AFC54BA2CE6E0" box="[199,271,924,948]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCAF85CFF4AFC54BA2BE6E7" bold="true" box="[199,264,924,948]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Notes</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFFCAF85CFEA8FC54B8FDE1DF" collectorName="D. J. Williams &amp; de Charmoy &amp; Director &amp; Newstead &amp; Williams &amp; In &amp; Magdebaskloof" country="Mauritius" location="d'Emmerez de Charmoy" municipality="Department of Agriculture" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="lectotype">
1. With regard to the label “Department of Agriculture,
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFCAF85CFC27FC54BF35E6E7" box="[938,1046,924,948]" name="Mauritius" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
” on the
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFCAF85CFBF3FC54BFC1E6E7" box="[1150,1250,924,948]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
specimens, it is believed (
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FFCAF85CFE8BFC08BA85E68B" box="[262,422,960,984]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">D.J. Williams</collectorName>
,
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCAF85CFE3BFC09B918E68B" box="[438,571,961,984]" italics="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">pers. comm</emphasis>
.) that
<location id="B6606059FFCAF85CFD06FC08B882E68B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FFCAF85FFF1AFEFAB958E416:B6606059FFCAF85CFD06FC08B882E68B" box="[651,929,960,984]" country="Mauritius" municipality="Department of Agriculture" name="d'Emmerez de Charmoy" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
d'Emmerez
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FFCAF85CFC99FC08B882E68B" box="[788,929,960,984]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">de Charmoy</collectorName>
</location>
either worked or collected in
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFCAF85CFA85FC08BEB8E68B" box="[1288,1435,960,984]" name="South Africa" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">South Africa</collectingCountry>
before becoming
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FFCAF85CFEEDFC2CBA9EE6AF" box="[352,445,996,1020]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Director</collectorName>
of the
<collectingMunicipality id="5364ACF8FFCAF85CFD99FC2CB867E6AF" box="[532,836,996,1020]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Department of Agriculture</collectingMunicipality>
in
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFCAF85CFCE0FC2CB8F9E6AF" box="[877,986,996,1020]" name="Mauritius" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
and that he took these specimens (and others) to
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFCAF85CFE8AFBC0BA57E173" box="[263,372,1032,1056]" name="Mauritius" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
with him and then sent them to
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FFCAF85CFD56FBC0B86AE173" box="[731,841,1032,1056]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Newstead</collectorName>
from there.
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FFCAF85CFC5EFBC0BF1AE173" box="[979,1081,1032,1056]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Williams</collectorName>
considers that
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FFCAF85CFB6CFBC0BE6CE173" box="[1249,1359,1032,1056]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Newstead</collectorName>
would have written
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFCAF85CFEA4FBE4BAB5E117" box="[297,406,1068,1092]" name="Mauritius" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Mauritius</collectingCountry>
on his slides (as he often did), referring to the sender rather than the original collecting site. 2.
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FFCAF85CFF36FB98BBF1E134" box="[187,210,1104,1127]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">In</collectorName>
the following description, the data for the type specimens are given first, followed by that from
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FFCAF85CFB7FFB98BEBFE13B" box="[1266,1436,1104,1128]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Magdebaskloof</collectorName>
and those from
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFCAF85CFECCFBBCBA95E1DF" box="[321,438,1140,1164]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFCAF85CFE67FBBCB91EE1DF" box="[490,573,1140,1164]" name="Zambia" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Zambia</collectingCountry>
in (../..) brackets, separated by a slash
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFCAF85CFF4AFB50B87BE3D7" blockId="64.[151,1437,527,2028]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCAF85CFF4AFB50BAEAE1FC" box="[199,457,1175,1200]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCAF85CFF4AFB50BAE2E1E3" bold="true" box="[199,449,1175,1200]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Unmounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
&quot;Female test. Colour, in dried specimens, very like pale dirty beeswax. In the young adults the test is broadly oval, somewhat hemispherical and divided into nine plates: 3 bilateral, 1 cephalic, 1 anal and 1 dorsal, the last named with a conspicuous dark brown or blackish, oval spot, with a central elongated patch of pure white wax; the nuclear spots to the lateral plates are smaller and generally much less conspicuous than the dorsal one. Margin over the stigmatic areas with a pair of laterally compressed and somewhat disc-shaped extensions, each extension carrying on its edge a narrow strip of opaque white wax, the tip of which sometimes reaches the dark nuclear spot of the lateral thoracic plate. In very old examples, the test has increased in thickness considerably, but this has been so much damaged in transit as to render it useless for descriptive purposes; however, one can trace the curious marginal extensions, which are somewhat like a narrow-waisted and distorted bobbin, or the toy once used in the popular game &quot;diabolo&quot;. Average length of young adults,
<quantity id="74479B67FFCAF85CFBE7FA14BF92E0A0" box="[1130,1201,1500,1524]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 mm</quantity>
; height,
<quantity id="74479B67FFCAF85CFA95FA14BEB7E0A0" box="[1304,1428,1500,1524]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" unit="mm" value="1.8" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.6">1.6–2 mm</quantity>
.; average length of old adults
<quantity id="74479B67FFCAF85CFE57F9C8B93CE344" box="[474,543,1536,1560]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" unit="mm" value="6.0">6 mm</quantity>
; height doubtful.&quot; &quot;Denuded of wax, hemispherical; caudal process very long, varying in length from one-half to a little less than one-half the length of the remaining portion of the insect. Submarginal tubercles small, but generally clearly defined: 1 cephalic and 3 bilateral, the two over the stigmata slightly more pronounced than the rest.&quot; (
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFCAF85CFDEAF9A4B86FE3D7" author="Newstead, R." box="[615,844,1644,1668]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" pagination="1 - 34" refId="ref187846" refString="Newstead, R. (1917) Observations on scale-insects (Coccidae) IV. Bulletin of Entomological Research 8, 1 - 34." type="journal article" year="1917">Newstead, 1917: 25</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFCAF85CFF4AF958B9EBE26B" blockId="64.[151,1437,527,2028]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCAF85CFF4AF958BA89E3F4" box="[199,426,1679,1704]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCAF85CFF4AF958BA80E3FB" bold="true" box="[199,419,1679,1704]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Mounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Body of mature female probably rather roundly oval and convex, with distinct, quite deep, stigmatic clefts; dorsum with distinct lateral tubercles. Caudal process long, narrowing slightly towards apex; probably pointing posteriorly in life. Length (without caudal process) about 3.5 (2.5–3.25/2.0–2.5) mm, width across venter about 2.7 (1.88–2.3/0.9–1.9) mm; total width on slide uncertain (1.9–2.3/1.13–2.0 mm); caudal process 1.25–1.8 (1.13–1.56/1.37–1.75) mm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFCAF85DFF4AF88CBF71E4FF" blockId="64.[151,1437,527,2028]" lastBlockId="65.[151,1437,151,1796]" lastPageId="65" lastPageNumber="66" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCAF85CFF4AF88CBA0DE208" box="[199,302,1860,1884]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="64" pageNumber="65" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCAF85CFF4AF88CBA04E20F" bold="true" box="[199,295,1860,1884]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">Dorsum</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm membranous except for heavily sclerotised caudal process. Caudal process about 1.25–1.8 (1.13–1.56/1.37–1.75) mm long; width across base of flattened process 625 (575–825/1000) µm. Derm apparently with 7 distinct clear areas, dorsal area either very small or absent; each with very few or no setae. Dorsal setae each sharply spinose, about 2x longer than width of basal socket, length 7 (8–10/7–9) µm; basal socket width 4 (5/-) µm; present sparsely throughout but absent in clear areas. Dorsal pores: (i) loculate microducts of complex
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFCAF85CFAA7F81CBE7EE2BF" box="[1322,1373,2004,2028]" pageId="64" pageNumber="65">type</typeStatus>
, each with 2 or 3 satellite loculi, each pore about 4–6 µm widest; those with 2 satellite loculi about twice as frequent as those with 3 satellite loculi (although this variable between specimens); pores with 1 or 4 loculi not detected; abundant throughout but absent from all clear areas; wax-plate lines not detected, and (ii) simple microducts, each about 1.0–1.5 µm wide, present in clear areas. Preopercular pores present in a transverse line, each about 3.0–3.5 µm wide and roundly convex; number uncertain. Anal plates each 128 (128–145/120) µm long, width of single plate 53 (58–66/62–66) µm, each with 3 long flagellate dorsal setae plus a short apical seta; those on non-type specimens: anterior 3 each 65–70 µm long, apical seta 18–35 µm long. Anal tube quite short, lying near apex of caudal extension;
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFCBF85DFEECFE5CBAFAE4FF" box="[353,473,404,428]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
specimens with anal ring setae each about 190 µm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFCBF85DFF4AFE7FBE52E79F" blockId="65.[151,1437,151,1796]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCBF85DFF4AFE7FBA0BE49C" box="[199,296,439,464]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCBF85DFF4AFE7FBA02E483" bold="true" box="[199,289,439,464]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Margin</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Marginal setae setose, each about 20 (21–25/16–20) µm long, with (6–8/8) anteriorly between eyespots, and (on each side) (2–3/2–3) between eyespots and anterior stigmatic area, (2–8/9) between stigmatic areas and (12–18/20) on either side of abdomen; each anal lobe with 2 or 3 slightly longer setae, longest about 35–60 µm long. Stigmatic clefts quite deep, each with a group of blunt, conical stigmatic setae extending in a broad, almost circular, group onto dorsum, each group slightly wider than long; anterior group with 44–46 (60–75/ 32–34) setae and posterior groups with 40–53 (53–65/28–32) setae; most setae 8–11 (8–11/8–12) µm wide at base and 11 (7–10/8) µm long but each group generally with a noticeably larger seta about 15 (13/all small) µm wide and 16 (16/all small) µm long, located towards dorsal apex of group. Eyespots each about 35 (39–44/33) µm wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFCBF85DFF4AFD10B90EE15C" blockId="65.[151,1437,151,1796]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCBF85DFF4AFD10BA3FE7BC" box="[199,284,728,752]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCBF85DFF4AFD10BA36E7A3" bold="true" box="[199,277,728,752]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Venter</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm entirely membranous. Pregenital disc-pores abundant around genital opening (segment VII) and across preceding segment, with, on non-type specimens: medially: segment II 0–1, III 1–5, IV 1–10, V 4–13 and many on VI and VII, and in submedially associated with each anogenital fold: II 0 or 1, III 1–12, IV–VII many. Spiracular disc-pores present in fairly broad bands of at least 100 pores, but with very few extending medially; each band about 1.5x width of peritremes near margin, but not as wide a group of stigmatic setae. Ventral microducts showing nothing distinctive. Ventral tubular ducts rarely detected on
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFCBF85DFC43FC44B8DDE6F7" box="[974,1022,908,932]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">type</typeStatus>
specimens; on non-type specimens present in a diffuse group of perhaps 1–8 medially anterior to antennae but with few associated with mediolateral lobes on abdominal segments III–VI, exact numbers uncertain; each with a filamentous inner ductule. Submarginal setae frequent, each 13–15 µm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFCBF85DFF4AFBD4BF52E1B4" blockId="65.[151,1437,151,1796]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Antennae each with 6 segments, segment III with a hint of pseudo-articulations; total length 300–330 (365–375/280–305) µm. Clypeolabral shield about 185 (170–200/175–180) µm long. Spiracles: width of peritremes 75–80 (83–90/58–70) µm. Legs well developed, each with a distinct tibio-tarsal articulation and sclerosis; claw denticle obscure; claw digitules both broad and shorter than tarsal digitules; dimensions of metathoracic legs (µm): coxa 145–157 (165–170/132); trochanter + femur 160–175 (182–195/160–165); tibia 120–125 (132–145/110–115); tarsus 70–77 (83–97/70–75), and claw 21–25 (26–30/21).</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFCBF85FFF4AFB3BB958E416" lastPageId="67" lastPageNumber="68" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFCBF85DFF4AFB3BB897E257" blockId="65.[151,1437,151,1796]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCBF85DFF4AFB3BBA6FE058" box="[199,332,1267,1292]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCBF85DFF4AFB3BBA66E05F" bold="true" box="[199,325,1267,1292]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Discussion</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFCBF85DFEDBFB3CB971E05F" box="[342,594,1268,1292]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bipartitus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCBF85DFEDBFB3CB971E05F" box="[342,594,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Ceroplastes bipartitus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is very similar to
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFCBF85DFCA6FB3CB84CE05F" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[811,879,1268,1292]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jos">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCBF85DFCA6FB3CB84CE05F" box="[811,879,1268,1292]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">C. jos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, described as new below, but differs (characterstates of
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFCBF85DFF76FAD0BA1EE07C" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[251,317,1304,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="jos">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCBF85DFF76FAD0BA1EE07C" box="[251,317,1304,1328]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">C. jos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in brackets): (i) ventral tubular ducts very sparse, possibly even absent on some specimens and not present medially on abdomen (tubular ducts frequent and present medially on abdomen); (ii) loculate microducts mainly with 2 satellite loculi, those with 4 satellite loculi rare or absent (mainly 3 satellite loculi, pores with 4 satellite loculi present but scarce, those with 2 satellite loculi infrequent); (iii) with generally more than 30 stigmatic setae in each cleft, and each group about as wide as long (about 25 or fewer stigmatic setae in a group and each group much wider than long); (iv) dorsal setae about 2x longer than width of basal socket and sharply pointed (subequal to or only slightly longer than width of basal socket, and bluntly pointed), and (v) claw denticle obscure at most (present).
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFCBF85DFEE2F9DCBADCE37F" box="[367,511,1556,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bipartitus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCBF85DFEE2F9DCBADCE37F" box="[367,511,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">C. bipartitus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also close to
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFCBF85DFD36F9DCB878E37F" box="[699,859,1556,1580]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicauda">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCBF85DFD36F9DCB878E37F" box="[699,859,1556,1580]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">C. longicauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, differing mainly in having a much shorter caudal process.
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFCBF85DFF76F9FFB920E31C" author="Qin, T. K. &amp; Gullan, P. J." box="[251,515,1591,1615]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" pagination="289 - 308" refId="ref188017" refString="Qin, T. K. &amp; Gullan, P. J. (1995) A cladistic analysis of wax scales. Systematic Entomology 20, 289 - 308." type="journal article" year="1995">Qin and Gullan (1995)</bibRefCitation>
, in their morphological cladistic analysis of the wax scale insects, found only 1 difference in the character-states they scored for
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFCBF85DFD6FF994B855E327" box="[738,886,1628,1652]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bipartitus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCBF85DFD6FF994B855E327" box="[738,886,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">C. bipartitus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFCBF85DFC35F994BF7EE327" box="[952,1117,1628,1652]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicauda">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCBF85DFC35F994BF7EE327" box="[952,1117,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">C. longicauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and it is possible that
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFCBF85DFA0FF994BA36E3CB" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicauda">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCBF85DFA0FF994BA36E3CB" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">C. longicauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFCBF85DFE56F948B94AE3CB" box="[475,617,1664,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bipartitus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCBF85DFE56F948B94AE3CB" box="[475,617,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">C. bipartitus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFCBF85DFD3FF948B871E3CB" box="[690,850,1664,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="longicauda">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCBF85DFD3FF948B871E3CB" box="[690,850,1664,1688]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">C. longicauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
representing a more mature adult female where the sclerotisation of the caudal process has expanded more than on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFCBF85DFCFDF96CB8DCE3EF" box="[880,1023,1700,1724]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bipartitus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCBF85DFCFDF96CB8DCE3EF" box="[880,1023,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">C. bipartitus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, or that host plant or environmental effects have modified the degree of extension of the caudal process. Too little material is available to determine whether this is likely and we are treating them here as separate species.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E7C0660AFFCBF85DFF1AF885BBFDE2A7" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" startId="65.[151,243,1869,1890]">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFCBF85DFF1AF885BBFDE2A7" blockId="65.[151,1437,1869,2036]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCBF85DFF1AF885BA35E231" bold="true" box="[151,278,1869,1890]" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">FIGURE 37.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFCBF85DFE91F885BAD8E231" authority="Newstead." authorityName="Newstead." box="[284,507,1869,1890]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bipartitus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCBF85DFE91F885BAB1E231" box="[284,402,1869,1890]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">C. bipartitus</emphasis>
Newstead.
</taxonomicName>
South Africa, Magdebaskloof, Tzaheen, on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFCBF85DFC2DF885BFA3E231" box="[928,1152,1869,1890]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Croton" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="65" pageNumber="66" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="sylvaticus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFCBF85DFC2DF885BF60E231" box="[928,1091,1869,1890]" italics="true" pageId="65" pageNumber="66">Croton sylvaticus</emphasis>
, 1955
</taxonomicName>
, J.H.C. Grobler (BMNH). For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes: (i) caudal process heavily sclerotised and almost tubular, extending posteriorly; (ii) dorsal setae quite long and sharply pointed; (iii) dorsal loculate microducts of complex-type; (iv) each stigmatic cleft with a compact group of stigmatic setae, not extending out of cleft along margins; (v) each group of stigmatic setae with 1 larger seta, not at apex of group; (vi) ventral tubular ducts present both anteriorly and posteriorly; (vii) each leg with a tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis, and (viii) claw digitules similar.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFC9F85FFF4AFF50B9B6E586" blockId="67.[151,1436,151,325]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
It is possible that wax-plate lines might be present on young adult specimens as the wax test is described as being divided into 9 plates (
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFC9F85FFE43FF75B9AAE586" author="Newstead, R." box="[462,649,189,213]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" pagination="1 - 34" refId="ref187846" refString="Newstead, R. (1917) Observations on scale-insects (Coccidae) IV. Bulletin of Entomological Research 8, 1 - 34." type="journal article" year="1917">Newstead, 1917</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFC9F85FFF4AFF2BB958E416" blockId="67.[151,1436,151,325]" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFC9F85FFF4AFF2BBA77E5A8" box="[199,340,227,251]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bipartitus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC9F85FFF4AFF2BBA77E5A8" box="[199,340,227,251]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">C. bipartitus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is only known from the southern half of Africa (
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFC9F85FFCFDFF2ABF27E5A9" box="[880,1028,226,250]" name="South Africa" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">South Africa</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFC9F85FFB82FF2ABF47E5A9" box="[1039,1124,226,250]" name="Zambia" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Zambia</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFC9F85FFB17FF2ABE35E5A9" box="[1178,1302,226,250]" name="Zimbabwe" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">Zimbabwe</collectingCountry>
), where it is known on 6 plant families, namely
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFC9F85FFDB8FECFB9E4E44C" box="[565,711,263,287]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Acanthaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Acanthaceae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFC9F85FFD58FECFB853E44C" box="[725,880,263,287]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Bignoniaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Bignoniaceae</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFC9F85FFCF3FECFBF07E44C" box="[894,1060,263,287]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Euphorbiaceae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFC9F85FFBECFECFBBF9E416" authority="(Ben-Dov et al., 2011)" baseAuthorityName="Ben-Dov" baseAuthorityYear="2011" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">
Rubiaceae (
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFC9F85FFB6AFECFBBF1E416" author="Ben-Dov, Y. &amp; Miller, D. R. &amp; Gibson, G. A. P." pageId="67" pageNumber="68" refId="ref183322" refString="Ben-Dov, Y., Miller, D. R. &amp; Gibson, G. A. P. (2011) ScaleNet. A Database of the Scale Insects of the World. Available from: http: // www. sel. barc. usda. gov / scalenet / scalenet. htm (last accessed 10 March 2011)." type="url" year="2011">
Ben-Dov
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFC9F85FFAD7FEC1BEADE473" box="[1370,1422,264,288]" italics="true" pageId="67" pageNumber="68">et al</emphasis>
., 2011
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
, plus
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFC9F85FFE96FEE5BA8CE416" authorityName="DC. ex Perleb" authorityYear="1818" box="[283,431,301,325]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Strychnaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Strychnaceae</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFC9F85FFE6BFEE5B954E416" box="[486,631,301,325]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Verbenaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="67" pageNumber="68" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Verbenaceae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<paragraph id="B3003682FFD5F843FF1AFB62BAC3E197" blockId="95.[151,480,1194,1253]" box="[151,480,1194,1220]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
<heading id="E84881EEFFD5F843FF1AFB62BAC3E197" bold="true" box="[151,480,1194,1220]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFD5F843FF1AFB62BAC3E197" ID-CoL="T453" authority="De Lotto" authorityName="De Lotto" box="[151,480,1194,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufus">
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<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD5F843FF1AFB62BA48E197" bold="true" box="[151,363,1194,1220]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Ceroplastes rufus</emphasis>
De Lotto
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="B3003682FFD5F843FF1AFB05BABAE1B6" blockId="95.[151,480,1194,1253]" box="[151,409,1229,1253]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
(
<figureCitation id="2B842A07FFD5F843FF12FB05BBD0E1B6" box="[159,243,1229,1253]" captionStart="FIGURE 50" captionStartId="95.[151,244,1862,1883]" captionText="FIGURE 50. C. rufus De Lotto. Paratype. For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes: (i) stigmatic setae all very blunt, extending around almost entire margin in 1-2 rows; (ii) marginal setae very few except posteriorly on abdomen; (iii) dorsal loculate pores of complex-type; (iv) dorsal setae short and more or less pointed; (v) ventral tubular ducts present in a sparse submarginal band and associated with ano-genital fold; (vi) unusual caudal process, with marginal setae near apex; (vii) tibia and tarsus often fused, and (viii) claw digitules both fine." pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Fig. 50</figureCitation>
; Map fig. 104)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFD5F843FF1AFADDB9B5E01A" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" type="reference_group">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFFD5F843FF1AFADDB900E078" box="[151,547,1301,1323]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FFD5F843FF1AFADDB93CE078" author="De Lotto, G." box="[151,543,1301,1323]" page="143" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" year="1966">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFD5F843FF1AFADDB93CE078" ID-CoL="T453" authority="De Lotto, 1966: 143" authorityName="De Lotto" authorityPageNumber="143" authorityYear="1966" box="[151,543,1301,1323]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD5F843FF1AFADDBA6AE078" box="[151,329,1301,1323]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Ceroplastes rufus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFD5F843FEC2FADEB93CE078" author="De Lotto, G." box="[335,543,1301,1323]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="143 - 149" refId="ref184236" refString="De Lotto, G. (1966) A new genus and four new species of Coccidae (Homoptera) from South Africa. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London 177, 143 - 149." type="journal article" year="1966">De Lotto, 1966: 143</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFD5F843FF1AFAFCB9B5E01A" blockId="95.[151,662,1301,1354]" box="[151,662,1331,1354]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFFD5F843FF1AFAFCB9B5E01A" box="[151,662,1331,1354]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFD5F843FF1AFAFCBA88E01A" ID-CoL="T4HL" authority="(De Lotto)" baseAuthorityName="De Lotto" box="[151,427,1331,1354]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Cerostegia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufa">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD5F843FF1AFAFCBA16E019" box="[151,309,1332,1354]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Cerostegia rufa</emphasis>
(De Lotto)
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FFD5F843FE38FAFCB9B1E01A" author="De Lotto, G." box="[437,658,1331,1353]" page="215" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" year="1969">
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFD5F843FE38FAFCB9B1E01A" author="De Lotto, G." box="[437,658,1331,1353]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="210 - 218" refId="ref184416" refString="De Lotto, G. (1969 b) A new genus of wax scales (Homoptera: Coccidae). Bolletino del Laboratorio di Entomologia Agraria &quot; Filippo Silvestri &quot;, Portici 27, 210 - 218." type="journal article" year="1969">De Lotto, 1969b: 215</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFD5F87DFF1AFABEB9F2E349" lastPageId="97" lastPageNumber="98" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFD5F843FF1AFABEB9CAE085" blockId="95.[151,1436,1398,1782]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD5F843FF1AFABEBAA7E0DC" bold="true" box="[151,388,1398,1423]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Material examined:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFFD5F843FE1FFABFB9C6E085" collectingDate="1965-02-18" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="J. H. Giliomee &amp; Also" country="South Africa" location="Bitterfontein" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Western Cape" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD5F843FE1FFABFBADFE0DC" bold="true" box="[402,508,1399,1423]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFD5F843FE1FFABFBADFE0DC" box="[402,508,1399,1423]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFFD5F843FD87FABFB93CE0DD" box="[522,543,1399,1422]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
:
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD5F843FDC7FABEB9CDE0DC" bold="true" box="[586,750,1398,1423]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFD5F843FDC7FABEB9CAE0DC" box="[586,745,1398,1423]" name="South Africa" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">South Africa</collectingCountry>
,
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FFD5F843FD71FABFBF31E0DD" box="[764,1042,1398,1422]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Western Cape Province</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="B6606059FFD5F843FBA9FABEBF95E0DD" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FFD5F87DFF1AFB62BEABE28E:B6606059FFD5F843FBA9FABEBF95E0DD" box="[1060,1206,1398,1422]" country="South Africa" name="Bitterfontein" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" stateProvince="Western Cape">Bitterfontein</location>
,
<collectedFrom id="00A3757FFFD5F843FB47FABFBE6DE0DD" box="[1226,1358,1398,1422]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFD5F843FB79FABEBE6DE0DD" box="[1268,1358,1398,1422]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" genus="Ruschia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD5F843FB79FABEBE6DE0DD" box="[1268,1358,1398,1422]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Ruschia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
(spelt
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD5F843FF1AFA53BBD0E0E0" box="[151,243,1435,1459]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Rhushia</emphasis>
) sp.,
<date id="C7011042FFD5F843FEA2FA52BABCE0E1" box="[303,415,1434,1458]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" value="1965-02-18">
<collectingDate id="D745E9AAFFD5F843FEA2FA52BABCE0E1" box="[303,415,1434,1458]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" value="1965-02-18">18.ii.1965</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FFD5F843FE27FA53B961E0E1" box="[426,578,1434,1458]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">J.H. Giliomee</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFD5F843FDC2FA52B98BE0E1" box="[591,680,1434,1458]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 2/2 (good but only very young adult females available).
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FFD5F843FA93FA52BE71E0E1" box="[1310,1362,1434,1458]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Also</collectorName>
seen 2 slides with single specimens present in USNM (good)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFD5F843FF4AFA2BB99AE0A9" blockId="95.[151,1436,1398,1782]" box="[199,697,1506,1531]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD5F843FF4AFA2BBBDCE0A8" bold="true" box="[199,255,1507,1531]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Note</emphasis>
. Data in brackets from
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFD5F843FD8AFA2BB997E0A9" author="De Lotto, G." box="[519,692,1506,1530]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="143 - 149" refId="ref184236" refString="De Lotto, G. (1966) A new genus and four new species of Coccidae (Homoptera) from South Africa. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London 177, 143 - 149." type="journal article" year="1966">De Lotto, 1966</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFD5F843FF4AF9CFBAB7E335" blockId="95.[151,1436,1398,1782]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD5F843FF4AF9CFBAE7E34D" box="[199,452,1542,1567]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD5F843FF4AF9CFBA9FE34C" bold="true" box="[199,444,1542,1567]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Unmounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
“Test of young adult female rounded, low convex, with dorsal and lateral plates poorly marked; colour reddish brown with a large elongate opaque white boss on the centre of the dorsum; wax very soft.” (
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFD5F843FF13F986BAA4E335" author="De Lotto, G." box="[158,391,1614,1638]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="143 - 149" refId="ref184236" refString="De Lotto, G. (1966) A new genus and four new species of Coccidae (Homoptera) from South Africa. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London 177, 143 - 149." type="journal article" year="1966">De Lotto, 1966: 143</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFD5F843FF4AF9BBBAC8E3A5" blockId="95.[151,1436,1398,1782]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD5F843FF4AF9BBBA85E3D9" box="[199,422,1650,1675]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD5F843FF4AF9BBBABCE3D8" bold="true" box="[199,415,1650,1675]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Mounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Body of young adult females broadly oval with rather marked clefts; without dorsal processes. Caudal process apparently quite large and extending dorso-posteriorly but mainly only lightly sclerotised; process unusual, with anal lobes near apex of caudal process (see figure). Body length 1.5–1.67 (1.4–1.8) mm, width
<quantity id="74479B67FFD5F843FE0DF916BAC4E3A5" box="[384,487,1758,1782]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.07" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" unit="mm" value="1.07">1.07 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E7C0660AFFD5F843FF1AF88EBA5CE288" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" startId="95.[151,244,1862,1883]">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFD5F843FF1AF88EBA5CE288" blockId="95.[151,1436,1862,2011]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD5F843FF1AF88EBA38E208" bold="true" box="[151,283,1862,1883]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">FIGURE 50.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFD5F843FEAEF88EBAF9E208" authority="De Lotto." authorityName="De Lotto." box="[291,474,1862,1883]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD5F843FEAEF88EBA51E208" box="[291,370,1862,1883]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">C. rufus</emphasis>
De Lotto.
</taxonomicName>
Paratype. For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes: (i) stigmatic setae all very blunt, extending around almost entire margin in 1-2 rows; (ii) marginal setae very few except posteriorly on abdomen; (iii) dorsal loculate pores of complex-type; (iv) dorsal setae short and more or less pointed; (v) ventral tubular ducts present in a sparse submarginal band and associated with ano-genital fold; (vi) unusual caudal process, with marginal setae near apex; (vii) tibia and tarsus often fused, and (viii) claw digitules both fine.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFEBF87DFF4AFF50B8AFE721" blockId="97.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEBF87DFF4AFF50BA0FE5FC" box="[199,300,152,176]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEBF87DFF4AFF50BA06E5E3" bold="true" box="[199,293,152,176]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Dorsum</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm entirely membranous on young individuals, except for a small area of sclerotisation around anal plates. Caudal process also mainly membranous, area of sclerotisation 235–280 µm long, 170–175 µm wide; dorsally, sclerotisation surrounded by a large clear area without dorsal pores or setae. Derm with 6 further clear areas: anterior, medio-dorsal and 1 above each stigmatic cleft; posterior abdominal clear areas apparently absent; each clear area with 1 or 2 dorsal setae. Dorsal setae rather variable in shape, mostly rather pointed but some shorter and more blunter; each about 3–5 µm long, subequal to or slightly longer than width of basal socket (basal socket about 3.5–4.5 µm wide); frequent throughout except scarce in clear areas. Dorsal pores: (i) loculate microducts of complex
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFEBF87DFB33FEA0BFCCE4D3" box="[1214,1263,360,384]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">type</typeStatus>
, each about 3–5 µm wide, with mainly 1 or 2 small satellite loculi, but pores with 3 loculi quite frequent; frequent throughout but absent from all clear areas; also present on ventral surface of anal process; wax-plate lines not detected; and (ii) simple microducts, rather abundant in all clear areas but not detected elsewhere. Preopercular pores: about 20 pores present in a broad transverse band about 2–3 pores wide, extending along entire anterior margin of anal plates. Anal plates each 153–158 (145–190) µm long, combined width 125 µm; each with 2 or 3 long dorsal setae on posterior quarter of each plate, each 45–80 µm long, plus a shorter setose seta on apex, about 35 µm long. Anal tube short, subequal to length of anal plates or shorter; anal ring setae each about 130–135 µm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFEBF87DFF4AFDB5BE0CE166" blockId="97.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEBF87DFF4AFDB5BA0BE7C6" box="[199,296,637,662]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEBF87DFF4AFDB5BA02E7C5" bold="true" box="[199,289,637,662]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Margin</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Marginal setae intermingled amongst roundly conical stigmatic setae which extend around most of margin; each marginal seta setose, 11–13 µm long; with 6–9 anteriorly between eyespots; 0–2 between eyespots and anterior stigmatic setae, 0 or 1 on each side between stigmatic clefts and about 12–17 on each side of abdomen, mainly along posterior margin where conical stigmatic setae mainly absent; margin also extending from venter along ventral surface of caudal process, each side with 6–11 marginal setae, mostly rather larger than elsewhere, up to 25 µm long; anal lobe setae apparently present on apex of caudal process, each 27–35 µm long. Stigmatic clefts quite deep, each with a group of stigmatic setae about 3–5 setae deep in each cleft but narrowing to 1–2 setae deep along most of rest of margin [
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFEBF87DFE6DFCB8B9ADE6D4" author="De Lotto, G." box="[480,654,879,903]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" pagination="143 - 149" refId="ref184236" refString="De Lotto, G. (1966) A new genus and four new species of Coccidae (Homoptera) from South Africa. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London 177, 143 - 149." type="journal article" year="1966">De Lotto, 1966</bibRefCitation>
, p. 144 shows the marginal band as being up to perhaps 3 setae wide]; those along margin mainly quite small (about 5–7 µm long, 4–5 µm wide at base) but with a few rather larger setae slightly displaced onto dorsum (each about 9 µm long, 7.5 µm wide at base); each cleft with up to 10 even larger setae; all stigmatic setae either roundly conical or with a slightly flattened apex; frequency impossible to count but with 30–34 small and 2–7 larger setae between eyespots; totals perhaps about 180 per side; stigmatic setae absent from posteriormost part of margin. Eyespots rather small and inconspicuous, each about 17–20 µm wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFEBF87DFF4AFB88B815E019" blockId="97.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEBF87DFF4AFB88BA3FE104" box="[199,284,1088,1112]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEBF87DFF4AFB88BA36E10B" bold="true" box="[199,277,1088,1112]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Venter</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm entirely membranous in young specimens. Pregenital disc-pores present around vulva and across preceding segment, and then with 1–3 medially and 5–13 associated with anogenital fold in segment V plus 1 medially in IV; none on thorax. Spiracular disc-pores in broad bands about as wide as peritreme; with none more medially. Ventral microducts absent medially on abdominal segments V–VII. Ventral tubular ducts, each with a short bulbous inner ductule, present in a sparse group of 10–24 anterior to antennae and in a very sparse submarginal band (1 or 2 laterally on head, 1–8 on thorax and several laterally on abdomen); most abundant posteriorly associated with anogenital fold where frequent (probably at least 10–14 on each side); absent medially. Submarginal setae much more frequent than marginal setae.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFEBF87DFF4AFA9DB9F2E349" blockId="97.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Antennae each with 8 (7 or 8) segments but segmentation often obscure; segment III with 2 pseudo-articulations; total length 175–200 (170–190) µm. Clypeolabral shield about 165 µm long. Spiracular peritremes each 58–60 µm wide; muscle plate very short. Legs much reduced but generally with all 5 segments visible although tibia and tarsus often fused; without a tibio-tarsal articulation and sclerosis; total length of metathoracic legs 140–145 µm; tarsal digitules 21–25 µm long, probably not capitate; claw digitules both narrow, with very small capitate apices, each about 17 µm long; claws all very short, without a denticle.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFEBF87DFF4AF9EDBEABE28E" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFEBF87DFF4AF9EDBE68E2E9" blockId="97.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEBF87DFF4AF9EDBA60E36D" bold="true" box="[199,323,1573,1598]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Discussion</emphasis>
:
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFEBF87DFED8F9EDB901E36E" authority="De Lotto" authorityName="De Lotto" box="[341,546,1573,1597]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEBF87DFED8F9EDBA91E36E" box="[341,434,1573,1597]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">C. rufus</emphasis>
De Lotto
</taxonomicName>
is rather unlike any other
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFEBF87DFCDAF9EDBF17E36E" box="[855,1076,1573,1597]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEBF87DFCDAF9EDB8F9E36E" box="[855,986,1573,1597]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Ceroplastes</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
known from Africa.
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFEBF87DFAB8F9EEBBC2E30C" author="De Lotto, G." pageId="97" pageNumber="98" pagination="143 - 149" refId="ref184236" refString="De Lotto, G. (1966) A new genus and four new species of Coccidae (Homoptera) from South Africa. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London 177, 143 - 149." type="journal article" year="1966">De Lotto (1966)</bibRefCitation>
suggested that this species is close to
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFEBF87DFD1DF980B853E30C" authority="(Maskell)" baseAuthorityName="Maskell" box="[656,880,1607,1632]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubens">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEBF87DFD1DF980B9DFE333" box="[656,764,1608,1632]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">C. rubens</emphasis>
(Maskell)
</taxonomicName>
but it is not clear why he thought this. Although the available specimens were very young, they were unique in having the following combination of characters: (i) roundly convex stigmatic setae extending around most of the margin, mainly in a double band, the more dorsal setae largest (
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFEBF87DFF7DF978BAD0E394" authority="Newstead" authorityName="Newstead" box="[240,499,1711,1736]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="singularis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEBF87DFF7DF978BA5CE39B" box="[240,383,1712,1736]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">C. singularis</emphasis>
Newstead
</taxonomicName>
also has stigmatic setae all around margin but they are more sharply pointed and not in this arrangement); (ii) ventral tubular ducts in a sparse submarginal band (
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFEBF87DFB93F91ABFFEE3B9" author="De Lotto, G." box="[1054,1245,1746,1770]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" pagination="143 - 149" refId="ref184236" refString="De Lotto, G. (1966) A new genus and four new species of Coccidae (Homoptera) from South Africa. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of London 177, 143 - 149." type="journal article" year="1966">De Lotto (1966)</bibRefCitation>
stated that their frequency varied greatly between specimens); submarginal bands of tubular ducts are also found in
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFEBF87DFB61F93DBE57E25E" baseAuthorityName="De Lotto" baseAuthorityYear="1965" box="[1260,1396,1781,1805]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="deceptrix">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEBF87DFB61F93DBE57E25E" box="[1260,1396,1781,1805]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">C. deceptrix</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFEBF87DFA0EF93DBA7CE263" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="madagascariensis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEBF87DFA0EF93DBA7CE263" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">C. madagascariensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFEBF87DFE27F8D0B90AE27C" box="[426,553,1816,1840]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rusticus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEBF87DFE27F8D0B90AE27C" box="[426,553,1816,1840]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">C. rusticus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; (iii) the shape and structure of the anal process – with a small area of sclerotisation (but which might be much larger in older specimens), and with the body margin extending to the apex of the anal process; (iv) only 6 dorsal clear areas; (v) very reduced legs (also known in
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFEBF87DFBD6F895BFD4E226" box="[1115,1271,1885,1909]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Gascardia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="brevicauda">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEBF87DFBD6F895BFD4E226" box="[1115,1271,1885,1909]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">C. brevicauda</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFEBF87DFA89F895BEB5E226" box="[1284,1430,1885,1909]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="destructor">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEBF87DFA89F895BEB5E226" box="[1284,1430,1885,1909]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">C. destructor</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFEBF87DFF1AF848BA33E2CB" box="[151,272,1920,1944]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="luteolus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEBF87DFF1AF848BA33E2CB" box="[151,272,1920,1944]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">C. luteolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFEBF87DFEADF848BAECE2C4" box="[288,463,1920,1944]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reunionensis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEBF87DFEADF848BAECE2C4" box="[288,463,1920,1944]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">C. reunionensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFEBF87DFD84F848B955E2CB" box="[521,630,1920,1944]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubens">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEBF87DFD84F848B955E2CB" box="[521,630,1920,1944]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">C. rubens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), (vi) rather pointed dorsal setae, and (vii) 7- or 8-segmented antennae (although some other specimens might not have complete pseudoarticulations and thus appear 6 segmented).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFEBF87DFF5BF80DBEABE28E" blockId="97.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[214,1416,1989,2013]" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">
At the present time,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFEBF87DFE37F80DB930E28E" box="[442,531,1989,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEBF87DFE37F80DB930E28E" box="[442,531,1989,2013]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">C. rufus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is only known from
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FFEBF87DFD73F80DB887E28E" box="[766,932,1989,2013]" country="South Africa" name="Western Cape" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Cape Province</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFEBF87DFC3DF80DBF61E28E" box="[944,1090,1989,2013]" name="South Africa" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">South Africa</collectingCountry>
, on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFEBF87DFBFCF80DBEA7E28E" box="[1137,1412,1989,2013]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Aizoaceae" genus="Ruschia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Caryophyllales" pageId="97" pageNumber="98" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEBF87DFBFCF80DBFE8E28E" box="[1137,1227,1989,2013]" italics="true" pageId="97" pageNumber="98">Ruschia</emphasis>
sp. (Aizoaceae)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

444
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<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFD6F840FF1AFD07BAC4E7BA" box="[151,487,719,745]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFD6F840FF1AFD07BAC4E7BA" blockId="92.[151,487,719,778]" box="[151,487,719,745]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
<heading id="E84881EEFFD6F840FF1AFD07BAC4E7BA" bold="true" box="[151,487,719,745]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFD6F840FF1AFD07BAC4E7BA" ID-CoL="T452" authority="Maskell" authorityName="Maskell" box="[151,487,719,745]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubens">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD6F840FF1AFD07BAC4E7BA" bold="true" box="[151,487,719,745]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD6F840FF1AFD07BA5EE7BA" bold="true" box="[151,381,719,745]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Ceroplastes rubens</emphasis>
Maskell
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFD6F840FF1AFD3ABA9AE659" box="[151,441,754,778]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" type="description">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFD6F840FF1AFD3ABA9AE659" blockId="92.[151,487,719,778]" box="[151,441,754,778]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
(
<figureCitation id="2B842A07FFD6F840FF12FD3ABBCBE659" box="[159,232,754,778]" captionStart="FIGURES 2–9" captionStartId="10.[151,257,1622,1643]" captionTargetBox="[165,1419,181,1588]" captionTargetId="figure-325@10.[154,1438,176,1614]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURES 2–9. 2. C. destructor Newstead, adult females on Bursaria spinosa, Australia (P.J. Gullan). Note that the waxy tests appear rather variable in shape and that the white of the stigmatic wax bands show up very clearly. 3. C. deceptrix (De Lotto), young adult females on unknown host, South Africa (J. Giliomee). Note: the shape of the older wax tests is much modified by the presence of other tests and also the plant’s twigs. However, the younger tests do have a distinct shape and show plates and white stigmatic wax bands. 4. C. deceptrix (De Lotto), mature adult female on unknown host, South Africa (J.H. Giliomee). Note: this is a very old test and it is possible that the wax is beginning to dry out. The dorsal nucleus is just visible. 5. C. rubens Maskell, adult female on Philodendron sp., Colombia (T. Kondo). Note: this is a particularly brightly coloured specimen; also note the characteristic shape of the test and the unusual distribution of the stigmatic wax bands (anterior end to right). 6. C. stellifera (Westwood), on leaf of Schefflera sp., Colombia (T. Kondo). Note: mature adult females red, younger adults rather hyaline (posterior end with short wax rays); plus a 1st- instar nymph. 7. C. rusci Linnaeus, adult females, on Pistacia lentiscus, from Capri, southern Italy (G. Pellizzari). Note: the wax on these specimens is nearly white and test divided into well-defined wax plates. 8. C. rusci Linnaeus, adult females, on Ficus sp., from Leganaro (G. Pellizzari). As for FIGURE 7 but note the pink tinge to the wax of the test. 9. C. theobromae Newstead, adult females. Dried material (MNHN), off Ficus sp., Democratic Republic of Congo (A.L.B.G. Peronti). Note how the wax of dried tests becomes rather clear once much of the water has evaporated." pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Figs 5</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2B842A07FFD6F840FF7EFD3ABA31E659" box="[243,274,754,778]" captionStart="FIGURE 49" captionStartId="93.[151,244,1839,1860]" captionText="FIGURE 49. C. rubens Maskell. Fiji, Viti Levu, Savura Nature Reserve, Suva, on Barringtonia sp., 15.vii.2009, C.J. Hodgson (BMNH). For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes: (i) caudal process small; (ii) dorsal setae short and blunt; (iii) dorsal loculate pores of intermediate/rusci-type; (iv) each group of stigmatic setae extending out of cleft along margin; (v) each group of stigmatic setae generally made up of 4 lines of setae; (vi) each group with an exceptionally large, usually bluntly pointed, seta at apex of group; (vii) venter with an area of sclerotisation in each spiracular groove near cleft; (viii) ventral tubular ducts entirely absent; (ix) multilocular disc-pores restricted to posterior abdomen; (x) legs with tibia and tarsus fused, and (xi) claw digitules dissimilar." pageId="92" pageNumber="93">49</figureCitation>
; Map fig. 104)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFD6F840FF1AFCFCB813E6D4" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFD6F840FF1AFCFCB90FE61A" blockId="92.[151,1095,819,903]" box="[151,556,819,842]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFFD6F840FF1AFCFCB90FE61A" box="[151,556,819,842]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FFD6F840FF1AFCFCB904E61A" author="Maskell, W. M." box="[151,551,819,842]" page="214" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" year="1893">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFD6F840FF1AFCFCB904E61A" ID-CoL="T452" authority="Maskell, 1893: 214" authorityName="Maskell" authorityPageNumber="214" authorityYear="1893" box="[151,551,819,842]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubens">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD6F840FF1AFCFCBA79E619" box="[151,346,820,842]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Ceroplastes rubens</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFD6F840FEEDFCFBB904E61A" author="Maskell, W. M." box="[352,551,819,841]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="201 - 252" refId="ref187071" refString="Maskell, W. M. (1893) (1892). Further coccid notes: with descriptions of new species from Australia, India, Sandwich Islands, Demerara, and South Pacific. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 25, 201 - 252." type="journal article" year="1893">Maskell, 1893: 214</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFD6F840FF1AFC9ABF64E63B" blockId="92.[151,1095,819,903]" box="[151,1095,850,872]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFFD6F840FF1AFC9ABF64E63B" box="[151,1095,850,872]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FFD6F840FF1AFC9AB9B5E63B" author="Maskell, W. M." box="[151,662,850,872]" page="309" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" year="1897">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFD6F840FF1AFC9AB9B5E63B" ID-CoL="5GCHC" authority="Maskell, 1897: 309" authorityName="Maskell" authorityPageNumber="309" authorityYear="1897" box="[151,662,850,872]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="variety" species="rubens" variety="minor">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD6F840FF1AFC9ABA79E63B" box="[151,346,850,872]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Ceroplastes rubens</emphasis>
var.
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD6F840FE01FC9BBAEBE63B" box="[396,456,851,872]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">minor</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFD6F840FE42FC9AB9B5E63B" author="Maskell, W. M." box="[463,662,850,872]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="293 - 331" refId="ref187121" refString="Maskell, W. M. (1897) (1896). Further coccid notes: with descriptions of new species and discussions of points of interest. Transactions and Proceedings of the New Zealand Institute 29, 293 - 331." type="journal article" year="1897">Maskell, 1897: 309</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
. Synonymised by
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FFD6F840FCDBFC9ABF60E63B" author="Gimpel, W. F. &amp; D. R. Miller &amp; J. A. Davidson" box="[854,1091,850,872]" page="57" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" year="1974">
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFD6F840FCDBFC9ABF60E63B" author="Gimpel, W. F. &amp; D. R. Miller &amp; J. A. Davidson" box="[854,1091,850,872]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref185147" refString="Gimpel, W. F., D. R. Miller &amp; J. A. Davidson. (1974) A systematic revision of the scale genus Ceroplastes in the United States (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae). University of Maryland, Agricultural Experiment Station, Miscellaneous Publication 841, 1 - 85." type="journal article" year="1974">
Gimpel
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD6F840FC25FC9BB8F7E63B" box="[936,980,850,872]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">et al</emphasis>
., 1974: 57
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFD6F840FF1AFCB9B813E6D4" blockId="92.[151,1095,819,903]" box="[151,816,881,903]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFFD6F840FF1AFCB9B813E6D4" box="[151,816,881,903]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFD6F840FF1AFCB9BAEEE6D4" ID-CoL="T446" authority="Linnaeus" authorityName="Linnaeus" box="[151,461,881,903]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="myricae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD6F840FF1AFCB9BA44E6D4" box="[151,359,881,903]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Ceroplastes myricae</emphasis>
Linnaeus
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FFD6F840FE5AFCB9B953E6D4" author="Green, E. E." box="[471,624,881,903]" page="8" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" year="1900">
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFD6F840FE5AFCB9B953E6D4" author="Green, E. E." box="[471,624,881,903]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="1 - 13" refId="ref185382" refString="Green, E. E. (1900) Remarks on Indian scale insects (Coccidae), with descriptions of new species. Indian Museum Notes 5, 1 - 13." type="journal article" year="1900">Green, 1900: 8</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
. Misidentification.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFD6F843FF1AFC65B970E4FF" lastPageId="95" lastPageNumber="96" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFD6F840FF1AFC65BA4FE15E" blockId="92.[151,1437,941,1741]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD6F840FF1AFC65BA1EE695" bold="true" box="[151,317,941,966]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Type material</emphasis>
not seen.
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD6F840FE4DFC65B910E695" bold="true" box="[448,563,941,966]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFD6F840FE4DFC65B90DE695" box="[448,558,941,966]" name="Australia" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Australia</collectingCountry>
,
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FFD6F840FDB3FC65B9E1E696" box="[574,706,941,965]" country="Australia" name="Queensland" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Queensland</collectingRegion>
, Brisbane, on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFD6F840FCEAFC65BF0AE696" box="[871,1065,941,965]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Anacardiaceae" genus="Mangifera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="indica">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD6F840FCEAFC65BF0AE696" box="[871,1065,941,965]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Mangifera indica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFD6F840FBE8FC66BFE8E696" box="[1125,1227,942,965]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD6F840FBE8FC66BF81E696" box="[1125,1186,942,965]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Ficus</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFD6F840FB58FC66BE67E695" box="[1237,1348,942,966]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
female (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFD6F840FF12FC19BBC9E6BA" box="[159,234,977,1001]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" name="Australian National Insect Collection" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">ANIC</collectionCode>
);
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFD6F840FF70FC19BABCE6BA" box="[253,415,977,1001]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" type="paralectotype">paralectotypes</typeStatus>
2 original Maskell slides in NZAC, one containing 'larvae' and the other labelled 'head and antenna of female'.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFD6F840FF78FBD1B8CDE1B6" blockId="92.[151,1437,941,1741]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD6F840FF78FBD1B9F1E162" bold="true" box="[245,722,1049,1074]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Material examined from area of study:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFFD6F840FD50FBD1BBC7E12A" accessionNumber="A21287" collectingDate="1982-10-28" collectingDateMax="1990-02-26" collectingDateMin="1982-10-28" collectionCode="BMNH, CIE" collectorName="Kibata &amp; I. A. D. Roberston" country="Kenya" location="Mombasa" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" specimenCode="TC 2259" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Mombasa">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD6F840FD50FBD1B809E162" bold="true" box="[733,810,1049,1073]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFD6F840FD50FBD1B809E162" box="[733,810,1049,1073]" name="Kenya" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Kenya</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
,
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FFD6F840FCB1FBD1B88FE162" box="[828,940,1049,1073]" country="Kenya" name="Mombasa" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Mombasa</collectingRegion>
,
<date id="C7011042FFD6F840FC36FBD1BF0EE162" box="[955,1069,1049,1073]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" value="1990-02-26">
<collectingDate id="D745E9AAFFD6F840FC36FBD1BF0EE162" box="[955,1069,1049,1073]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" value="1990-02-26">26.ii.1990</collectingDate>
</date>
, on palm,
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FFD6F840FB21FBD1BFD5E162" box="[1196,1270,1049,1073]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Kibata</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFD6F840FA85FBD1BE42E162" box="[1288,1377,1049,1073]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">BMNH</collectionCode>
:
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFD6F840FAE2FBD1BEBFE162" box="[1391,1436,1049,1073]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">CIE</collectionCode>
A21287,
<specimenCode id="E3199EF9FFD6F840FE8EFBF5BA4DE106" box="[259,366,1085,1109]" collectionCode="CIE" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">TC 2259</specimenCode>
): 2/3 (fair to good); no site,
<collectedFrom id="00A3757FFFD6F840FD49FBF6B8BDE106" box="[708,926,1085,1109]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFD6F840FD66FBF5B8BDE106" box="[747,926,1085,1109]" class="Cycadopsida" family="Cycadaceae" genus="Cycas" kingdom="Plantae" order="Cycadales" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thouarsii">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD6F840FD66FBF5B8BDE106" box="[747,926,1085,1109]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Cycas thouarsii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
,
<date id="C7011042FFD6F840FC3DFBF5BF02E106" box="[944,1057,1085,1109]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" value="1982-10-28">
<collectingDate id="D745E9AAFFD6F840FC3DFBF5BF02E106" box="[944,1057,1085,1109]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" value="1982-10-28">28.x.1982</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FFD6F840FBBCFBF5BFD7E106" box="[1073,1268,1085,1109]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">I.A.D. Roberston</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFD6F840FA8AFBF5BE42E106" box="[1287,1377,1085,1109]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/1 (good)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFFD6F840FF7CFBA9BEBBE12A" box="[241,1432,1121,1146]" collectingDate="2008-07-15" collectionCode="DCBU" collectorName="G. Suenson" country="South Africa" location="St. Lucia" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD6F840FF7CFBA9BAB1E129" bold="true" box="[241,402,1121,1146]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFD6F840FF7CFBA9BAAEE129" box="[241,397,1121,1146]" name="South Africa" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">South Africa</collectingCountry>
,
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FFD6F840FE11FBA9B96EE12A" box="[412,589,1121,1145]" country="South Africa" name="KwaZulu-Natal" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">KwaZulu-Natal</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="B6606059FFD6F840FDD7FBA9B9E7E12A" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FFD6F843FF1AFD07B960E664:B6606059FFD6F840FDD7FBA9B9E7E12A" box="[602,708,1121,1145]" country="South Africa" name="St. Lucia" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" stateProvince="KwaZulu-Natal">St. Lucia</location>
, on unknown host,
<date id="C7011042FFD6F840FC2AFBA9BF04E12A" box="[935,1063,1121,1145]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" value="2008-07-15">
<collectingDate id="D745E9AAFFD6F840FC2AFBA9BF04E12A" box="[935,1063,1121,1145]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" value="2008-07-15">15.vii.2008</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FFD6F840FBB8FBA9BF96E12A" box="[1077,1205,1121,1145]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">G. Suenson</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFD6F840FB4BFBA9BE39E12A" box="[1222,1306,1121,1145]" country="Brazil" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/5zzs-n4tg" name="Universidade Federal de Sao Carlos" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">DCBU</collectionCode>
): 1/1 (fair)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFFD6F840FF1AFB4DBF09E1CE" box="[151,1066,1157,1182]" collectingDate="1975-04-12" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="K. M. Howell" country="Tanzania" location="Dar es Salaam" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Dar es Salaam">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD6F840FF1AFB4DBA20E1CD" bold="true" box="[151,259,1157,1182]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFD6F840FF1AFB4DBA20E1CD" box="[151,259,1157,1182]" name="Tanzania" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
,
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FFD6F840FE9CFB4EBA96E1CE" box="[273,437,1157,1181]" country="Tanzania" name="Dar es Salaam" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Dar es Salaam</collectingRegion>
, on cycad,
<date id="C7011042FFD6F840FDBFFB4DB98AE1CE" box="[562,681,1157,1181]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" value="1975-04-12">
<collectingDate id="D745E9AAFFD6F840FDBFFB4DB98AE1CE" box="[562,681,1157,1181]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" value="1975-04-12">12.iv.1975</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FFD6F840FD38FB4EB86AE1CE" box="[693,841,1157,1181]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">K.M. Howell</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFD6F840FCDAFB4DB892E1CE" box="[855,945,1157,1181]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/3 (fair)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFFD6F840FBBBFB4DB982E192" collectingDate="1967-03-14" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="W. J. Hall" country="Tanzania" location="Zanzibar" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" specimenCode="BMNH 1967-1" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kaskazini Unguja">
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FFD6F840FBBBFB4DBFB9E1CE" box="[1078,1178,1157,1181]" country="Tanzania" name="Kaskazini Unguja" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Zanzibar</collectingRegion>
,
<date id="C7011042FFD6F840FB28FB4DBE03E1CE" box="[1189,1312,1157,1181]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" value="1967-03-14">
<collectingDate id="D745E9AAFFD6F840FB28FB4DBE03E1CE" box="[1189,1312,1157,1181]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" value="1967-03-14">14.iii.1967</collectingDate>
</date>
, on cloves,
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FFD6F840FF1AFB62BA23E192" box="[151,256,1193,1217]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">W.J. Hall</collectorName>
(
<specimenCode id="E3199EF9FFD6F840FE9CFB61BAE0E192" box="[273,451,1193,1217]" collectionCode="BMNH" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">BMNH 1967-1</specimenCode>
): 1/2 (fair to good)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFFD6F840FD22FB61B8C9E1B6" collectingDate="1913-07-16" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="W. M. Aders" country="Tanzania" county="Is." location="Marahubi" municipality="Anderson" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" specimenCode="BMNH 1967-1" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Kusini Pemba">
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FFD6F840FD22FB61B9D8E192" box="[687,763,1193,1217]" country="Tanzania" name="Kusini Pemba" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Pemba</collectingRegion>
<collectingCounty id="5A614E0EFFD6F840FC89FB62B803E192" box="[772,800,1194,1217]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Is.</collectingCounty>
, no host or date,
<collectingMunicipality id="5364ACF8FFD6F840FC66FB61BF74E192" box="[1003,1111,1193,1217]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Anderson</collectingMunicipality>
(
<specimenCode id="E3199EF9FFD6F840FBE5FB61BE3AE192" box="[1128,1305,1193,1217]" collectionCode="BMNH" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">BMNH 1967-1</specimenCode>
): 1/5 (fair);
<location id="B6606059FFD6F840FF1AFB05BA25E1B6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FFD6F843FF1AFD07B960E664:B6606059FFD6F840FF1AFB05BA25E1B6" box="[151,262,1229,1253]" country="Tanzania" county="Is." municipality="Anderson" name="Marahubi" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" stateProvince="Kusini Pemba">Marahubi</location>
, young orange,
<date id="C7011042FFD6F840FE38FB05B915E1B6" box="[437,566,1229,1253]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" value="1913-07-16">
<collectingDate id="D745E9AAFFD6F840FE38FB05B915E1B6" box="[437,566,1229,1253]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" value="1913-07-16">16.vii.1913</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FFD6F840FDCCFB06B9EAE1B6" box="[577,713,1229,1253]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">W.M. Aders</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFD6F840FD5AFB05B812E1B6" box="[727,817,1229,1253]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/3 (fair-good)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFD6F840FF4AFB39B872E0EE" blockId="92.[151,1437,941,1741]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD6F840FF4AFB39BAEBE059" bold="true" box="[199,456,1265,1290]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Non-African material</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD6F840FE55FB39B922E059" bold="true" box="[472,513,1265,1290]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFD6F840FE55FB39B922E059" box="[472,513,1265,1290]" name="Fiji" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Fiji</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
, Kadavu, Vunicea, on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFD6F840FC8EFB3AB8D7E05A" box="[771,1012,1266,1289]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lecythidaceae" genus="Barringtonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="asiatica">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD6F840FC8EFB3AB8D7E05A" box="[771,1012,1266,1289]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Barringtonia asiatica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7011042FFD6F840FB8FFB39BFA0E05A" box="[1026,1155,1265,1289]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" value="2009-07-19">19.vii.2009</date>
, C.J. Hodgson (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFD6F840FABBFB39BEB3E05A" box="[1334,1424,1265,1289]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/2 (fair, but both perhaps damaged ventrally near vulva); Viti Levu, Savura Nature Reserve, Suva,
<date id="C7011042FFD6F840FB79FADDBE57E07E" box="[1268,1396,1301,1325]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" value="2009-07-15">15.vii.2009</date>
, on unknown shrub, C.J. Hodgson (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFD6F840FE78FAF1B96CE002" box="[501,591,1337,1361]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/1 (good); as previous but on fern sp., C.J. Hodgson (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFD6F840FB34FAF1BE30E002" box="[1209,1299,1337,1361]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/2 (fair to good); as previous, on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFD6F840FE1CFA96B96AE026" box="[401,585,1374,1397]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lecythidaceae" genus="Barringtonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD6F840FE1CFA96B902E026" box="[401,545,1374,1397]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Barringtonia</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
, C.J. Hodgson (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFD6F840FD75FA95B871E026" box="[760,850,1373,1397]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/2 (fair to good); Viti Levu, Suva, Suva Motor Inn,
<date id="C7011042FFD6F840FF1AFA49BA34E0CA" box="[151,279,1409,1433]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" value="2009-07-14">14.vii.2009</date>
, on unknown shrub, C.J. Hodgson (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFD6F840FD2FFA49B9DFE0CA" box="[674,764,1409,1433]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/1 (fair); Taveuni, Bouma Nature Reserve,
<date id="C7011042FFD6F840FB78FA49BE56E0CA" box="[1269,1397,1409,1433]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" value="2009-07-22">22.vii.2009</date>
, on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFD6F840FF1AFA6DBA4EE0EE" box="[151,365,1445,1469]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Clusiaceae" genus="Garcinia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="myrtifolia">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD6F840FF1AFA6DBA4EE0EE" box="[151,365,1445,1469]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Garcinia myrtifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, C.J. Hodgson (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFD6F840FDADFA6DB959E0EE" box="[544,634,1445,1469]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/3 (fair to good).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFD6F840FF4AFA01BE43E0B2" blockId="92.[151,1437,941,1741]" box="[199,1376,1481,1505]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD6F840FF4AFA01BBDDE0B2" bold="true" box="[199,254,1481,1505]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Note</emphasis>
. Description taken mainly from
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFD6F840FDE3FA01B9B7E0B2" box="[622,660,1481,1505]" name="Fiji" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Fiji</collectingCountry>
specimens, data in [..] brackets taken from
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFD6F840FBFAFA01BE7FE0B2" author="Gimpel, W. F. &amp; D. R. Miller &amp; J. A. Davidson" box="[1143,1372,1481,1505]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref185147" refString="Gimpel, W. F., D. R. Miller &amp; J. A. Davidson. (1974) A systematic revision of the scale genus Ceroplastes in the United States (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae). University of Maryland, Agricultural Experiment Station, Miscellaneous Publication 841, 1 - 85." type="journal article" year="1974">
Gimpel
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD6F840FB5CFA02BE2AE0B2" box="[1233,1289,1481,1505]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">et al.</emphasis>
(1974)
</bibRefCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFD6F840FF4AFA25BE32E39E" blockId="92.[151,1437,941,1741]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD6F840FF4AFA25BAE6E356" box="[199,453,1517,1542]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD6F840FF4AFA25BA9DE355" bold="true" box="[199,446,1517,1542]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Unmounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
&quot;Test: wet wax pentagonal in dorsal view, hemispherical laterally, without horn; pink to reddish brown, with marginal flange, not hiding lateral filaments, without plates and nuclei. Dry wax with filaments as follows: cephalic filament simple, apically acute; anterolateral and posterolateral filaments simple; mediolateral filaments apparently absent; caudal filaments simple; dorsal dry wax of first and second instars apparently absent, indicated by only small depression in wet wax. Stigmatic bands present near both pairs of spiracles, anterior bands directed forward, nearly touching anteriorly, filamentous wax confined to stigmatic areas. Length 3.5 (range 2.0–5.0) mm, width 3.0 (range 2.5–4.0) mm, height 2.0 (range 1.5–3.5) mm.” (
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFD6F840FC73F97DBE27E39E" author="Gimpel, W. F. &amp; D. R. Miller &amp; J. A. Davidson" box="[1022,1284,1717,1741]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" pagination="1 - 85" refId="ref185147" refString="Gimpel, W. F., D. R. Miller &amp; J. A. Davidson. (1974) A systematic revision of the scale genus Ceroplastes in the United States (Homoptera: Coccoidea: Coccidae). University of Maryland, Agricultural Experiment Station, Miscellaneous Publication 841, 1 - 85." type="journal article" year="1974">
Gimpel
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD6F840FBD7F97EBFA9E39E" box="[1114,1162,1717,1741]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">et al</emphasis>
., 1974: 57
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="E7C0660AFFD6F840FF1AF8DFBEBFE287" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" startId="92.[151,250,1815,1838]">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFD6F840FF1AF8DFBEBFE287" blockId="92.[151,1436,1815,2004]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD6F840FF1AF8DFBA02E27D" bold="true" box="[151,289,1815,1838]" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">FIGURE 48.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFD6F840FEA5F8D0B83CE27D" authority="Ben-Dov &amp; Matile-Ferrero. Isle" authorityName="Ben-Dov &amp; Matile-Ferrero. Isle" box="[296,799,1816,1838]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reunionensis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD6F840FEA5F8D0BAE4E27D" box="[296,455,1816,1838]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">C. reunionensis</emphasis>
Ben-Dov &amp; Matile-Ferrero. Isle
</taxonomicName>
de la Réunion, Ravine de Cabris, on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFD6F840FB29F8D0BEB6E27D" box="[1188,1429,1816,1838]" class="Polypodiopsida" family="Polypodiaceae" genus="Platycerium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Polypodiales" pageId="92" pageNumber="93" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bifurcatum">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD6F840FB29F8D0BEB6E27D" box="[1188,1429,1816,1838]" italics="true" pageId="92" pageNumber="93">Platycerium bifurcatum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 28.vi.1998, S. Quilici (MNHN). For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes: (i) caudal process small; (ii) dorsal setae short and blunt; (iii) dorsal loculate microducts of intermediate/rusci-type; (iv) each group of stigmatic setae triangular, extending out of cleft along margin; (v) each group of stigmatic setae generally made up of about 5 lines of setae; (vi) each group with an exceptionally large, usually bluntly pointed, seta at apex of group; (vii) venter with an area of sclerotisation in each spiracular groove near cleft; (viii) ventral tubular ducts entirely absent; (ix) multilocular disc-pores restricted to posterior abdomen; (x) legs with
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFD7F841FF1AFF51B9EFE5FC" blockId="93.[151,1436,152,1652]" box="[151,716,152,175]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">tibia and tarsus fused, and (xi) claw digitules dissimilar.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFD7F841FF4AFF74BFF9E44F" blockId="93.[151,1436,152,1652]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Unmounted, with wax removed: oval, but with cephalic margin extending anteriorly; eyespot dorsal; lateral tubercles absent; dorsum rounded, without any sign of a dorsal tubercle; caudal process extending posteriorly and cone-like, and heavily sclerotised; stigmatic clefts distinct but shallow; margin slightly shelf-like.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFD7F841FF4AFEE0B9C3E4D4" blockId="93.[151,1436,152,1652]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD7F841FF4AFEE0BA88E46C" box="[199,427,295,320]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD7F841FF4AFEE0BA80E413" bold="true" box="[199,419,295,320]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Mounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Body broadly oval and convex, with distinct, quite deep, stigmatic clefts; lateral and dorsal clear areas distinct. Caudal process short and stout, probably directed upwards. Length 1.0–
<quantity id="74479B67FFD7F841FB7AFE84BE73E430" box="[1271,1360,332,356]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" unit="mm" value="4.5">4.5 mm</quantity>
, width 0.8–3.0 mm; width across venter about
<quantity id="74479B67FFD7F841FDDFFEA7B9FFE4D4" box="[594,732,367,391]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" unit="mm" value="1.65" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="0.8">0.8–2.5 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFD7F841FF4AFE5CBF8DE694" blockId="93.[151,1436,152,1652]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD7F841FF4AFE5CBA0DE4F8" box="[199,302,404,428]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD7F841FF4AFE5CBA04E4FF" bold="true" box="[199,295,404,428]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Dorsum</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm membranous apart from heavily sclerotised caudal process, but becoming mildly sclerotised in older individuals. Caudal process about as wide as long, length about 375–750 µm; width 300–825 µm. With 8 clear areas as normal; anterior and dorsal areas with dorsal setae and simple pores. Dorsal setae each very short and parallel sided, with a truncate apex, subequal to or shorter than width of basal socket, length 2.5–3.5 [3.0–4.6] µm; basal socket width 4.0–5.0 µm; present sparsely throughout but possibly most abundant near margins; sparse in marginal parts of most clear areas (dorsal area with numerous dorsal setae). Dorsal pores: (i) loculate microducts of
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFD7F841FF1AFDA4BBE4E7D7" box="[151,199,620,644]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">type</typeStatus>
somewhere between rusci-type and intermediate
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFD7F841FD71FDA4B80CE7D7" box="[764,815,620,644]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">type</typeStatus>
, each with 1 or 2 satellite loculi, those with 1 satellite loculus much more abundant than those with 2 satellite loculi (latter sometimes perhaps even absent); those with 2 satellite loculi of rather characteristic shape; each pore about 5–6 µm widest; abundant throughout apart from clear areas where absent; wax-plate lines not detected; (ii) simple microducts smaller but perhaps of 2 sizes, both with a sclerotised orifice: (a) larger with an oval orifice only slightly smaller than smallest loculate microduct, fairly frequent throughout, and (b) a much smaller round pore about 1.0 µm wide, perhaps restricted to clear areas. Preopercular pores present in a group of about 9–15 pores. Anal plates each 125–155 µm long, width of both plates combined 105–125 µm, each with 3 long flagellate dorsal setae, inner anterior seta 12–23 µm, other two 40–45 µm; shorter apical seta about 8 µm long. Anogenital fold with 3 pairs of setae on anterior margin plus 1–3 pairs of shorter hypopygial setae. Anal tube fairly short; anal ring setae each about 200–235 µm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFD7F841FF4AFC1BB8B2E1B4" blockId="93.[151,1436,152,1652]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD7F841FF4AFC1BBA0BE6B8" box="[199,296,979,1004]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD7F841FF4AFC1BBA02E6BF" bold="true" box="[199,289,979,1004]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Margin</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Marginal setae similar to dorsal setae but perhaps slightly longer, up to 5 µm long; frequency uncertain because of similarity to dorsal setae; each anal lobe with 3–5 longer setae, longest about 17.5–41 µm long. Stigmatic clefts quite deep, each with about 18–35 stigmatic setae as follows: with a marginal line of 14–19 very round, bollard-like setae, each mainly 8–12 µm wide; a second row of 3 or 4 similar setae [each about 11–13 µm wide]; a third row of 2 significantly larger bollard-like setae [each about 20 µm wide] + 0 or 1 smaller setae between them, plus, at apex of each group, a much larger, bluntly pointed, spinose seta 40–55 µm long and 25 µm wide at base; latter seta occasionally misshapen; basal socket of largest setae 30–35 µm wide. Eyespots oval, not easy to see, rather displaced onto dorsum, each about 20 µm widest.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFD7F841FF4AFB3CBA4AE327" blockId="93.[151,1436,152,1652]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD7F841FF4AFB3CBA3FE058" box="[199,284,1268,1292]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD7F841FF4AFB3CBA36E05F" bold="true" box="[199,277,1268,1292]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Venter</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm entirely membranous apart from a small sclerotised area within each stigmatic groove close to margin and with edges of stigmatic groove near margin heavily sclerotised. Pregenital disc-pores abundant around genital opening (segment VII); sometimes absent on preceding abdominal segments, but occasional disc-pores noted in segments II, III, and IV; generally with a small group of 0–5 disc-pores mesad to each meso- and metacoxae and occasionally with a single disc-pore laterad to each metacoxa. Spiracular disc-pores present in broad bands of about 50–80 [41–108] between margin and each spiracle, and with 2–7 extending medially past end of spiracular apodeme towards pro- and mesothoracic coxae, each generally also with 5 loculi; laterally, disc-pore band about as wide as outer margins of largest round stigmatic setae. Ventral microducts frequent throughout venter and particularly abundant near mouthparts, but scarce medially on thorax. Ventral tubular ducts absent, not detected either anteriorly on head or associated with anogenital fold. Submarginal setae sparse, each about 4–5 [4.6–8.1] µm long.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E7C0660AFFD7F841FF1AF8E7BE6AE2B7" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" startId="93.[151,244,1839,1860]">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFD7F841FF1AF8E7BE6AE2B7" blockId="93.[151,1437,1839,2020]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD7F841FF1AF8E7BA38E217" bold="true" box="[151,283,1839,1860]" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">FIGURE 49.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFD7F841FEA8F8F8BAC0E217" authority="Maskell." authorityName="Maskell." box="[293,483,1839,1861]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubens">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD7F841FEA8F8F8BAA6E216" box="[293,389,1840,1861]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">C. rubens</emphasis>
Maskell.
</taxonomicName>
Fiji, Viti Levu, Savura Nature Reserve, Suva, on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFD7F841FC65F8F8BFAFE217" box="[1000,1164,1839,1861]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lecythidaceae" genus="Barringtonia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Ericales" pageId="93" pageNumber="94" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD7F841FC65F8F8BF45E216" box="[1000,1126,1840,1861]" italics="true" pageId="93" pageNumber="94">Barringtonia</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
, 15.vii.2009, C.J. Hodgson (BMNH). For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes: (i) caudal process small; (ii) dorsal setae short and blunt; (iii) dorsal loculate pores of intermediate/rusci-type; (iv) each group of stigmatic setae extending out of cleft along margin; (v) each group of stigmatic setae generally made up of 4 lines of setae; (vi) each group with an exceptionally large, usually bluntly pointed, seta at apex of group; (vii) venter with an area of sclerotisation in each spiracular groove near cleft; (viii) ventral tubular ducts entirely absent; (ix) multilocular disc-pores restricted to posterior abdomen; (x) legs with tibia and tarsus fused, and (xi) claw digitules dissimilar.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFD5F843FF4AFF5FB970E4FF" blockId="95.[151,1437,151,824]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Antennae quite short, each with 6 segments, segment III with at least 1 pseudo-articulation; total length 168–207 [162.0–193.4] µm; setal distribution normal except only 2 (rather than 3) setae present on segment III and segment V without a hair-like seta. Clypeolabral shield about 130–155 µm long. Spiracles: width of peritremes 60–70 µm. Legs much reduced in size with trochanter and femur occasionally appearing fused; tibia and tarsus fused; tarsal digitules dissimilar, 1 slightly thicker and longer than other; each claw small, claw denticles obscure or absent; claw digitules both narrow but dissimilar, 1 clearly broader than other; subequal in length to tarsal digitules; dimensions of metathoracic legs (µm): coxa 38–62; trochanter + femur 33–45 [34.9–58.2], tibia + tarsus 40–60 [43.6–52.4], and claw 7–10 [5.8–11.6].</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFD5F843FF4AFE7FB960E664" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFD5F843FF4AFE7FBAF8E4A7" blockId="95.[151,1437,151,824]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD5F843FF4AFE7FBA6FE49C" box="[199,332,439,464]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD5F843FF4AFE7FBA66E483" bold="true" box="[199,325,439,464]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Discussion</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
The adult female of
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFD5F843FDCDFE70B98DE483" box="[576,686,440,464]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubens">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD5F843FDCDFE70B98DE483" box="[576,686,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">C. rubens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is extremely similar to that of
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD5F843FB87FE70BFE2E49C" box="[1034,1217,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFD5F843FB87FE70BF9DE49C" box="[1034,1214,440,464]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="reunionensis">C. reunionensis</taxonomicName>
.
</emphasis>
For a comparison, see under that species above.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFD5F843FF4AFDC8B960E664" blockId="95.[151,1437,151,824]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFD5F843FF4AFDC8BA18E74B" box="[199,315,512,536]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubens">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD5F843FF4AFDC8BA18E74B" box="[199,315,512,536]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">C. rubens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been collected in almost all geographic areas, particularly those which are tropical and subtropical. It has been recorded on at least 192 plant species in 92 families (
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFD5F843FBCAFDECBE64E76F" author="Ben-Dov, Y. &amp; Miller, D. R. &amp; Gibson, G. A. P." box="[1095,1351,548,572]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" refId="ref183322" refString="Ben-Dov, Y., Miller, D. R. &amp; Gibson, G. A. P. (2011) ScaleNet. A Database of the Scale Insects of the World. Available from: http: // www. sel. barc. usda. gov / scalenet / scalenet. htm (last accessed 10 March 2011)." type="url" year="2011">
Ben-Dov
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD5F843FB31FDEDBFD1E76F" box="[1212,1266,548,572]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">et al</emphasis>
., 2011
</bibRefCitation>
). It is considered to be
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFD5F843FED9FD80BA8BE70C" box="[340,424,583,607]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Annonaceae" genus="Annona" kingdom="Plantae" order="Magnoliales" pageId="95" pageNumber="17" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="major">a major</taxonomicName>
pest of citrus in
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFD5F843FDECFD8FB9E9E70C" box="[609,714,583,607]" name="Australia" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Australia</collectingCountry>
, Hawaii and
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFD5F843FCD6FD80B8B8E70C" box="[859,923,584,607]" name="Japan" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Japan</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFD5F843FC24FD8FBF7AE70C" author="Ben-Dov, Y." box="[937,1113,583,607]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" refId="ref183122" refString="Ben-Dov, Y. (1993) A Systematic Catalogue of Soft Scales of the World. Sandhill Crane Press, Inc., Florida, USA, Flora &amp; Fauna Handbook 9, 563 p." type="book" year="1993">Ben-Dov, 1993</bibRefCitation>
). Although Qin
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD5F843FA9EFD81BE67E733" box="[1299,1348,584,608]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">et al</emphasis>
. (1994) hypothesized that
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFD5F843FEEEFDA4BAECE7D7" box="[355,463,620,644]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubens">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD5F843FEEEFDA4BAECE7D7" box="[355,463,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">C. rubens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was native to the Ethiopian Region, based on the specimens in the BMNH, it has been rarely collected in Africa and would appear to be restricted to the east coast (
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFD5F843FB89FD47BF72E7F4" box="[1028,1105,655,679]" name="Kenya" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Kenya</collectingCountry>
,
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFD5F843FBD0FD47BFE2E7F4" box="[1117,1217,655,679]" name="Tanzania" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Tanzania</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFD5F843FB76FD47BEB2E7F4" box="[1275,1425,655,679]" name="South Africa" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">South Africa</collectingCountry>
). Within the islands in the Indian Ocean, it has been recorded only from
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFD5F843FC36FD7CBF10E79F" box="[955,1075,692,716]" name="Seychelles" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Seychelles</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFD5F843FBCEFD7CBFFCE79F" author="Mamet, J. R." box="[1091,1247,692,716]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" pagination="137 - 170" refId="ref186778" refString="Mamet, J. R. (1943) A revised list of the Coccoidea of the islands of the western Indian Ocean, south of the equator. Bulletin of the Mauritius Institute, Port Louis 2, 137 - 170." type="journal article" year="1943">Mamet, 1943</bibRefCitation>
).
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFD5F843FB76FD7CBE4BE79F" box="[1275,1384,692,716]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubens">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD5F843FB76FD7CBE4BE79F" box="[1275,1384,692,716]" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">C. rubens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was originally described from
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFD5F843FE48FD1FB90FE7BC" box="[453,556,727,751]" name="Australia" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">Australia</collectingCountry>
where it appears to be extremely widespread (Qin &amp; Gullan, 1994), and it seems somewhat more likely that it arose in the Australasian Region. As pointed out by
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFD5F843FB23FD34BE50E647" author="Le Pelley, R. H." box="[1198,1395,764,788]" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" refId="ref186438" refString="Le Pelley, R. H. (1968) Pests of coffee. Longmans, London. 588 pp." type="book" year="1968">Le Pelley (1968)</bibRefCitation>
,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFD5F843FA0FFD34BBC0E66B" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="95" pageNumber="96" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rubens">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFD5F843FA0FFD34BBC0E66B" italics="true" pageId="95" pageNumber="96">C. rubens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appears to prefer coastal areas.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

257
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<heading id="E84881EEFFEDF87BFF1AF94CB83FE3CD" bold="true" box="[151,796,1668,1694]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEDF87BFF1AF94CB83FE3CD" bold="true" box="[151,796,1668,1694]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFEDF87BFF1AF94CB9BAE3CD" authority="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[151,665,1668,1694]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danieleae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEDF87BFF1AF94CBABEE3CD" bold="true" box="[151,413,1668,1694]" italics="true" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Ceroplastes danieleae</emphasis>
Hodgson &amp; Peronti
</taxonomicName>
,
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<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFEDF87BFF1AF96FBABAE3EC" box="[151,409,1703,1727]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="description">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFEDF87BFF1AF96FBABAE3EC" blockId="103.[151,796,1668,1727]" box="[151,409,1703,1727]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">
(
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; Map fig. 104)
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B3003682FFEDF87BFF1AF925BFDBE21F" blockId="103.[151,1437,1773,2009]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEDF87BFF1AF925B92DE255" bold="true" box="[151,526,1773,1798]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">
Material examined:
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFEDF87BFE2CF926B92DE255" box="[417,526,1774,1798]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFFEDF87BFDADF926B916E256" box="[544,565,1774,1797]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
:
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEDF87BFDDCF925BF3EE255" bold="true" box="[593,1053,1773,1798]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFEDF87BFDDCF925BF3EE255" box="[593,1053,1773,1798]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Democratic Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
[Belgian
<collectingRegion id="717BF860FFEDF87BFB2FF926BFD1E255" box="[1186,1266,1774,1798]" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" name="Bas-Congo" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Congo</collectingRegion>
], Lubumbashi [Elisabethville], on mulberry (
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFEDF87BFE7CF8DAB95CE27A" box="[497,639,1810,1833]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Morus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="nigra">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEDF87BFE7CF8DAB95CE27A" box="[497,639,1810,1833]" italics="true" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Morus nigra</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), no date, Ringoot (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFEDF87BFCEBF8D9B8E2E27A" box="[870,961,1809,1833]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/1 (good, split into dorsum and venter; data scratched onto glass slide by Hall; with manuscript name
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFEDF87BFCDEF8FCB8E1E21F" box="[851,962,1844,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solidus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEDF87BFCDEF8FCB8E1E21F" box="[851,962,1844,1868]" italics="true" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">C. solidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, probably given by Green).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFEDF87BFF4AF890B8B6E28A" blockId="103.[151,1437,1773,2009]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEDF87BFF4AF890BA17E223" bold="true" box="[199,308,1880,1904]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFEDF87BFF4AF890BA17E223" box="[199,308,1880,1904]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFFEDF87BFEB1F890BA72E23C" box="[316,337,1880,1903]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
: as for
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFEDF87BFE32F89FB902E23C" box="[447,545,1879,1903]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFEDF87BFDBCF89FB9AFE23C" box="[561,652,1879,1903]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/1 (young, good); also as for
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFEDF87BFC75F89FBF79E23C" box="[1016,1114,1879,1903]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
but labelled on sticky label:
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFEDF87BFF1AF8B2BA64E2C1" box="[151,327,1914,1938]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Belgian Congo</collectingCountry>
, Africa, Ringoot #37 (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFEDF87BFDDAF8B2B991E2C1" box="[599,690,1914,1938]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/7 (fair-good); as for
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFEDF87BFC54F8B2BF18E2C1" box="[985,1083,1914,1938]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
but labelled on sticky labels:
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFEDF87BFF1AF856BA6AE2E5" box="[151,329,1950,1974]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Belgian Congo</collectingCountry>
, Elisabethville [now Lubumbashi],
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFEDF87BFD7CF857B896E2E5" box="[753,949,1950,1974]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Morus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEDF87BFD7CF857B819E2E5" box="[753,826,1951,1974]" italics="true" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">Morus</emphasis>
sp., 1917
</taxonomicName>
, Ringoot, ex. Coll. E.E. Green (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFEDF87BFAB2F856BEB4E2E5" box="[1343,1431,1950,1974]" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">BMNH</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFEDF87BFF1AF809BBD0E28A" box="[151,243,1985,2009]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">MNHN</collectionCode>
): 2/3 (fair). All also labelled
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFEDF87BFDB1F809B98FE28A" box="[572,684,1985,2009]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="103" pageNumber="104" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solidus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEDF87BFDB1F809B98FE28A" box="[572,684,1985,2009]" italics="true" pageId="103" pageNumber="104">C. solidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, a manuscript name.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E7C0660AFFE2F874FF1AF894BF3AE2B5" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" startId="104.[151,244,1884,1905]" targetBox="[175,1425,181,1865]" targetPageId="104">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFE2F874FF1AF894BF3AE2B5" blockId="104.[151,1436,1884,2022]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFE2F874FF1AF894BA38E222" bold="true" box="[151,283,1884,1905]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">FIGURE 52.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFE2F874FEAFF894B945E222" authority="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[290,614,1884,1905]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danieleae" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFE2F874FEAFF894BABEE222" box="[290,413,1884,1905]" italics="true" pageId="104" pageNumber="105">C. danieleae</emphasis>
Hodgson &amp; Peronti
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AF857EBFFE2F874FDFFF894B9F7E222" box="[626,724,1884,1905]" pageId="104" pageNumber="105" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Holotype. For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes: (i) dorsal loculate microducts of rusci-type; (ii) dorsal clear area with many dorsal setae; (iii) dorsal setae longer than width of basal socket; (iv) stigmatic setae extending only a very short distance out of cleft along margin; (v) stigmatic setae in each cleft all subequal in size; (vi) multilocular disc-pores only present posteriorly on abdomen; (vii) ventral tubular ducts present anteriorly and (extremely few) posteriorly; (viii) tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis present, and (ix) claw digitules both broad.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFE3F875FF4AFF50B994E5FC" blockId="105.[151,1437,151,2012]" box="[199,695,151,176]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFE3F875FF4AFF50BBDCE5E3" bold="true" box="[199,255,152,176]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Note</emphasis>
. Description taken from all specimens.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFE3F875FF4AFF74B968E587" blockId="105.[151,1437,151,2012]" box="[199,587,187,212]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFE3F875FF4AFF74BAE4E580" box="[199,455,187,212]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFE3F875FF4AFF74BAE3E587" bold="true" box="[199,448,187,212]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Unmounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFE3F875FF4AFF28BE12E448" blockId="105.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFE3F875FF4AFF28BA84E5A4" box="[199,423,223,248]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFE3F875FF4AFF28BA83E5AB" bold="true" box="[199,416,223,248]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Mounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Body roundly oval and probably convex, with distinct, moderately deep, stigmatic clefts; dorsum with distinct tubercles. Caudal process broad and stout. Length
<quantity id="74479B67FFE3F875FC4AFECCBF72E448" box="[967,1105,260,284]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.7" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.7" valueMin="1.3">1.3–3.7 mm</quantity>
; width 1.5–3.0 mm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFE3F875FF4AFEE0BA36E79F" blockId="105.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFE3F875FF4AFEE0BA0DE46C" box="[199,302,296,320]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFE3F875FF4AFEE0BA04E413" bold="true" box="[199,295,296,320]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Dorsum</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm membranous except for heavily sclerotised caudal process. Caudal process about 450–925 µm wide and 575–925 µm long. Derm with 8 clear areas, each with a few simple pores and dorsal setae, latter quite common in mid-dorsal area. Dorsal setae each subequal in length to width of basal-socket or longer, length 4.0–5.5 µm; basal socket width 4.0 µm; sides converging to a narrow, blunt apex but shorter setae (mainly present in clear areas) blunter; frequent to abundant throughout, in places as frequent as loculate microducts; sparse in marginal clear areas but frequent in mid-dorsal clear area. Dorsal pores: (i) loculate microducts of rusci-type abundant, pores with 2 satellite loculi common but mainly restricted to wax-plate lines; each 5–7 µm widest, abundant throughout but absent from all clear areas; wax-plate lines present; and (ii) simple microducts perhaps restricted to clear areas. Preopercular pores in a band of about 15–25 pores, 2 or 3 pores deep. Anal plates together approximately oval, length 130–140 µm, width of both plates combined 120–125 µm; each plate with 3 large dorsal setal sockets plus that of a subapical seta on posterior margin; all setae missing. Anal tube short, about as long as anal plates.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFE3F875FF4AFD1FB8FDE6BF" blockId="105.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFE3F875FF4AFD1FBA0BE7BC" box="[199,296,727,752]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFE3F875FF4AFD1FBA02E7A3" bold="true" box="[199,289,727,752]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Margin</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Marginal setae strongly setose, each about 13–20 µm long; with 8–12 between eyespots anteriorly, and, on each side, 7 or 8 between eyespots and anterior stigmatic setae, 7–10 setae between stigmatic clefts, and sparse along each margin of abdomen; each anal lobe perhaps with 2 or 3 long setae, longest about 65–70 µm long. Stigmatic clefts fairly distinct, each with a triangular group of 22–29 rather pointed, conical stigmatic setae; each group about as wide as long (or slightly wider than long), with 6–11 stigmatic setae along margin, some groups occasionally with 1 or 2 setae extending out of group along margin; each group also generally with a noticeably larger seta towards dorsal apex; small stigmatic setae each 10–13 µm long and 7–10 µm wide, and largest setae 13–18 µm long and 13–18 µm wide. Eyespots each about 30–35 µm wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFE3F875FF4AFC30BAA0E05F" blockId="105.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFE3F875FF4AFC30BA3FE15C" box="[199,284,1016,1040]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFE3F875FF4AFC30BA36E143" bold="true" box="[199,277,1016,1040]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Venter</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm entirely membranous. Pregenital disc-pores abundant around genital opening (segment VII) and across preceding segment, segment V with 6–10 pores medially and 6–10 pores submedially on each side; occasionally 1 submedially in IV, otherwise absent more anteriorly. Spiracular disc-pores each with mainly 5 loculi; present in broad bands of at least 100 pores, generally with some extending medially as far as end of apodeme, where often with more loculi. Ventral microducts showing nothing distinctive. Ventral tubular ducts present in a group of
<quantity id="74479B67FFE3F875FE09FB64BAFAE197" box="[388,473,1196,1220]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.429" metricValueMax="4.572" metricValueMin="2.286" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" unit="in" value="13.5" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="9.0">9–18 in</quantity>
cephalic area plus 0 or 1 on each side submedially in about abdominal segment V and occasionally 1 noted in VI; each without an inner ductule. Submarginal setae perhaps as frequent as marginal setae, each 10–13 µm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFE3F875FF4AFADFBA87E0B7" blockId="105.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Antennae each with 6 segments, but with a pseudo-articulation in 3rd segment; total length 240–315 µm. Clypeolabral shield about 165–185 µm long. Spiracles: width of peritremes 65–75 µm. Legs well developed; tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis rather variable, sometimes apparently absent but generally fairly distinct; each claw probably either without a denticle or with just a hint of one; claw digitules both broad and shorter than tarsal digitules; dimensions of metathoracic legs (µm): coxa 128–140; trochanter + femur 150–157; tibia 100–105; tarsus 72–75, and claw 22–24.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFE3F876FF4AFA27B819E5A4" lastPageId="106" lastPageNumber="107" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFE3F875FF4AFA27BE71E3C4" blockId="105.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFE3F875FF4AFA27BA6FE354" box="[199,332,1519,1544]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFE3F875FF4AFA27BA66E35B" bold="true" box="[199,325,1519,1544]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Discussion</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFE3F875FED1FA38B975E35B" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[348,598,1520,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danieleae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFE3F875FED1FA38B975E35B" box="[348,598,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Ceroplastes danieleae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is very similar to
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFE3F875FCABFA38B85FE354" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[806,892,1520,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mori">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFE3F875FCABFA38B85FE354" box="[806,892,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">C. mori</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(described as new below in the
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFE3F875FB61FA38BEB0E35B" box="[1260,1427,1520,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="theobromae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFE3F875FB61FA38BEB0E35B" box="[1260,1427,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">C. theobromae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
- group) – and, indeed, was initially identified as such. However, importantly, it has a large group of tubular ducts in the cephalic region, absent on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFE3F875FE7EF9F0B969E31C" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[499,586,1592,1616]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="mori">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFE3F875FE7EF9F0B969E31C" box="[499,586,1592,1616]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">C. mori</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Green clearly recognised this as different when he gave this material the manuscript name
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFE3F875FEECF994BAF0E327" box="[353,467,1628,1652]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="solidus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFE3F875FEECF994BAF0E327" box="[353,467,1628,1652]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">C. solidus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but unfortunately he left no notes as to what this species looked like in life. On the other hand, his suggested specific name can surely only refer to the wax which is therefore likely to be firm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFE3F875FF4AF96CBA02E21F" blockId="105.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">
The placement of this species in the
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFE3F875FDEDF96CB99AE3EF" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[608,697,1700,1724]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rusci">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFE3F875FDEDF96CB99AE3EF" box="[608,697,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">C. rusci</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-group rather than in the
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFE3F875FC5CF96CBF54E3EF" box="[977,1143,1700,1724]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="theobromae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFE3F875FC5CF96CBF54E3EF" box="[977,1143,1700,1724]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">C. theobromae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-group is open to question but none of the other species in the
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFE3F875FDABF900B9E8E3B3" box="[550,715,1736,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="theobromae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFE3F875FDABF900B9E8E3B3" box="[550,715,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">C. theobromae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-group have tubular ducts in the cephalic region. In addition,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFE3F875FA0FF900BA27E257" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danieleae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFE3F875FA0FF900BA27E257" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">C. danieleae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has distinct tibio-tarsal articulatory scleroses and many specimens also had a few (up to 3) stigmatic setae extending out of each cleft along the margin. All of these characters suggest a closer relationship to the
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFE3F875FA0FF8D8BBECE21F" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rusci">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFE3F875FA0FF8D8BBECE21F" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">C. rusci</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-group.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFE3F875FF4AF890B928E2C7" blockId="105.[151,1437,151,2012]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">
At the present time,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFE3F875FE39F890B966E223" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[436,581,1880,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="danieleae">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFE3F875FE39F890B966E223" box="[436,581,1880,1904]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">C. danieleae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is only known from the original collection in
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFE3F875FBD3F890BBC1E2C7" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Democratic Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFE3F875FE81F8B5B924E2C7" box="[268,519,1916,1940]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Morus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFE3F875FE81F8B5BA76E2C7" box="[268,341,1917,1940]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Morus</emphasis>
sp. (Moraceae)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFE3F876FF4AF868B819E5A4" blockId="105.[151,1437,151,2012]" lastBlockId="106.[151,1436,151,248]" lastPageId="106" lastPageNumber="107" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFE3F875FF4AF868BABBE2EB" box="[199,408,1951,1976]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFE3F875FF4AF868BAB2E2EB" bold="true" box="[199,401,1951,1976]" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Name derivation</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
This species of
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFE3F875FDECF868B9C5E2EB" box="[609,742,1952,1976]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="105" pageNumber="106" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFE3F875FDECF868B9C5E2EB" box="[609,742,1952,1976]" italics="true" pageId="105" pageNumber="106">Ceroplastes</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is named to honour Dr. Danièle Matile-Ferrero, Laboratoire d’Entomologie, Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris, who collected some of the material studied for this revision, particularly from areas that have been rarely visited by coccidologists. She also very kindly allowed us to borrow a large number of specimens from the MNHN collection, particularly from countries associated with
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFE0F876FF1AFF28BBC5E5A4" box="[151,230,224,247]" name="France" pageId="106" pageNumber="107">France</collectingCountry>
, thus making the geographical coverage much wider.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<document id="20B54284EE811665EABD7CDAE7A79D88" ID-ISSN="1175­5334" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="existingObjects,plazi" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1629794286657" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Hodgson, Chris J. &amp; Peronti, Ana L. B. G." docDate="2012" docId="3B168794FFEEF87AFF1AFE1DB90EE197" docLanguage="en" docName="zt03372p265.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 3372" docStyle="DocumentStyle:D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1.4:Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleId="D239614CE4198176A422035174489AB1" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2009-2012.monograph" docStyleVersion="4" docTitle="Ceroplastes balachowskyi Hodgson &amp; Peronti 2012, spec. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="103" masterDocId="C72FFFECFF8AF81CFF8DFFC8BB23E553" masterDocTitle="3372" masterLastPageNumber="265" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="101" updateTime="1699112745853" updateUser="plazi" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="0EED03B85EE651540AE1BE614B81A184">3372</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="57678FB6E49B2A86FC406F605158422F">Hodgson, Chris J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="E667D151728966B4DDD88F524E00B080">Peronti, Ana L. B. G.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="8D70F86CAD09EAA7DEA33D06E082495D">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="D326BF53CEF7B49ECAA25EBD50B2B80F">2012-07-04</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="C213E9412E82DE12F8BCF96C577C33BE">3372</mods:number>
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<treatment id="3B168794FFEEF87AFF1AFE1DB90EE197" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5255414" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5255414" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FFEEF87AFF1AFE1DB90EE197" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3B168794FFEEF87AFF1AFE1DB90EE197" lastPageId="102" lastPageNumber="103" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFEEF878FF1AFE1DB870E4BC" box="[151,851,469,495]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFEEF878FF1AFE1DB870E4BC" blockId="100.[151,851,469,527]" box="[151,851,469,495]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<heading id="E84881EEFFEEF878FF1AFE1DB870E4BC" bold="true" box="[151,851,469,495]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEEF878FF1AFE1DB870E4BC" bold="true" box="[151,851,469,495]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFEEF878FF1AFE1DB9ECE4BC" authority="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[151,719,469,495]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskyi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEEF878FF1AFE1DBAF7E4BC" bold="true" box="[151,468,469,495]" italics="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Ceroplastes balachowskyi</emphasis>
Hodgson &amp; Peronti
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AF857EBFFEEF878FD51FE1DB870E4BC" box="[732,851,469,495]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFEEF878FF1AFE3FBABAE75C" box="[151,409,503,527]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="description">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFEEF878FF1AFE3FBABAE75C" blockId="100.[151,851,469,527]" box="[151,409,503,527]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
(
<figureCitation id="2B842A07FFEEF878FF12FE3FBBD0E75C" box="[159,243,503,527]" captionStart="FIGURE 51" captionStartId="101.[151,244,1892,1913]" captionTargetBox="[201,1395,158,1872]" captionTargetId="figure-115@101.[171,1419,127,1891]" captionTargetPageId="101" captionText="FIGURE 51. C. balachowskyi Hodgson &amp; Peronti, spec. nov. Holotype. For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes: (i) dorsal loculate microducts of rusci-type; (ii) dorsal clear area unusually large; (iii) stigmatic setae extending out of cleft along margin; (iv) stigmatic setae in each cleft rather variable in size; (v) stigmatic setae present between eyespots anteriorly and more or less meeting between clefts; (vi) multilocular disc-pores only present posteriorly on abdomen; (vii) ventral tubular ducts absent anteriorly and extremely few (perhaps sometimes absent) posteriorly; (viii) tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis absent, and (ix) claw digitules both broad." pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Fig. 51</figureCitation>
; Map fig. 104)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFEEF87AFF1AFDF7B97EE76F" lastPageId="102" lastPageNumber="103" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFEEF878FF1AFDF7BAF4E72F" blockId="100.[151,1436,575,1752]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEEF878FF1AFDF7BAABE70B" bold="true" box="[151,392,575,600]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Material examined:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFFEEF878FE18FD88BAF4E72F" collectingDate="1976-12-19" collectionCode="MNHN" collectorName="A. S. Balachowsky" country="Gabon" location="Makokou" municipality="Ivindo" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" specimenCode="MNHN #5875" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEEF878FE18FD88B921E70B" bold="true" box="[405,514,576,600]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFEEF878FE18FD88B921E70B" box="[405,514,576,600]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFFEEF878FD82FD88B907E704" box="[527,548,576,599]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
:
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEEF878FDB7FDF7B9A8E70B" bold="true" box="[570,651,575,600]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFEEF878FDB7FDF7B9A8E70B" box="[570,651,575,600]" name="Gabon" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Gabon</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
,
<location id="B6606059FFEEF878FD12FDF7B82EE704" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FFEEF87AFF1AFE1DB90EE197:B6606059FFEEF878FD12FDF7B82EE704" box="[671,781,575,599]" country="Gabon" municipality="Ivindo" name="Makokou" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Makokou</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality id="5364ACF8FFEEF878FC93FDF7B849E704" box="[798,874,575,599]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Ivindo</collectingMunicipality>
, host unknown,
<date id="C7011042FFEEF878FBBEFDF7BF97E704" box="[1075,1204,575,599]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" value="1976-12-19">
<collectingDate id="D745E9AAFFEEF878FBBEFDF7BF97E704" box="[1075,1204,575,599]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" value="1976-12-19">19.xii.1976</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FFEEF878FB4BFDF7BEBFE704" box="[1222,1436,575,599]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">A.S. Balachowsky</collectorName>
(
<specimenCode id="E3199EF9FFEEF878FF13FDACBA6BE72F" box="[158,328,612,636]" collectionCode="MNHN" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">MNHN #5875</specimenCode>
): 1/1 (good).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFEEF878FF4AFD40B8B9E7CC" blockId="100.[151,1436,575,1752]" box="[199,922,647,672]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFFEEF878FF4AFD40B8B5E7CC" box="[199,918,647,672]" collectionCode="MNHN" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" specimenCode="MNHN #5875" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEEF878FF4AFD40BA17E7F3" bold="true" box="[199,308,648,672]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFEEF878FF4AFD40BA17E7F3" box="[199,308,648,672]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFFEEF878FEB6FD40BA73E7CC" box="[315,336,648,671]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
: as for
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFEEF878FE36FD4FB93EE7CC" box="[443,541,647,671]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<specimenCode id="E3199EF9FFEEF878FDA6FD4FB9F6E7CC" box="[555,725,647,671]" collectionCode="MNHN" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">MNHN #5875</specimenCode>
): 4/4 (good–fair)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFEEF878FF4AFD64B96FE797" blockId="100.[151,1436,575,1752]" box="[199,588,683,708]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEEF878FF4AFD64BAE4E790" box="[199,455,683,708]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEEF878FF4AFD64BAE3E797" bold="true" box="[199,448,683,708]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Unmounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFEEF878FF4AFD18B9E2E67C" blockId="100.[151,1436,575,1752]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEEF878FF4AFD18BA8BE7B4" box="[199,424,719,744]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEEF878FF4AFD18BA82E7BB" bold="true" box="[199,417,719,744]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Mounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Body rather roundly oval and probably fairly convex, with shallow stigmatic clefts; lateral tubercles indistinct or absent. Caudal process short and stout, probably directed rather upwards. Length of specimens 1.5–3.0 mm, width about 1.0–2.0 mm.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFEEF878FF4AFCF4BBDFE074" blockId="100.[151,1436,575,1752]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEEF878FF4AFCF4BA0DE600" box="[199,302,828,852]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEEF878FF4AFCF4BA04E607" bold="true" box="[199,295,828,852]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Dorsum</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm membranous apart from heavily sclerotised caudal process. Caudal process probably approximately round and 650–900 µm wide, 500–570 µm long. Derm with 8 clear areas but dorsal clear area huge, extending laterally to dorsad to coxae; marginal clear areas with very few dorsal setae but dorsal setae frequent on dorsal clear area. Dorsal setae each short with sides either more or less parallel to slightly convergent, each subequal to or shorter than width of basal socket, length 2.5–3.5 µm, basal socket width 4–5 µm; frequent throughout including all clear areas as above. Dorsal pores: (i) loculate microducts of rusci-type abundant, each about 6–7 µm widest; pores with 2 satellite loculi rare or even perhaps sometimes absent; pores with 3 or more satellite loculi absent; wax plate lines absent; and (ii) simple microducts very sparse in all clear areas, each with a sclerotised rim; occasional elsewhere. Preopercular pores present in an elongate band of about 18–26, each band 1–2 wide. Anal plates together almost circular, each plate 125–135 µm long, width of both plates combined 130–150 µm, each with 3 large dorsal setae (2 very close to inner margin and 1 near posterior margin), each seta 65–85 µm long, possibly with a blunt apex; plus a short subapical seta on dorsal surface well away from margin, each about 16 µm long. Anal tube about 1.0–1.5 times longer than length of anal plates; anal ring setae about 140 µm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFEEF878FF4AFAFBB981E384" blockId="100.[151,1436,575,1752]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEEF878FF4AFAFBBA0BE018" box="[199,296,1331,1356]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="100" pageNumber="101" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEEF878FF4AFAFBBA02E01F" bold="true" box="[199,289,1331,1356]" pageId="100" pageNumber="101">Margin</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Marginal setae strongly setose, each about 12–22 µm long; with 8–10 between eyespots on head, and (on each side) 2 between each eyespot and anterior stigmatic setae, 2 or 3 setae between stigmatic areas, and perhaps 8–10 on each side of abdomen; each anal lobe with 3 or 4 longer setae, longest about 65 µm long. Stigmatic clefts shallow; stigmatic setae rather variable in size, most about 5–9 µm long, 5–8 µm wide at base, each rather pointed conical; with 8–18 between eyespots anteriorly, plus in a line running from each eyespot to about half-way along abdominal margin posteriorly, more or less without a gap between clefts; each anterior cleft with about 28–33 marginal setae plus 10–19 non-marginal stigmatic setae and each posterior cleft with about 30–47 marginal setae plus 12–18 non-marginal stigmatic setae (totals per side 83–115); non-marginal stigmatic setae in each cleft forming a shallow triangle 3 or 4 setae deep; each group with about 5 small non-marginal setae similar to those on margin, 3 or 4 larger setae (each 8–13 µm long and 8–10 µm wide, with a more rounded apex) plus 1 even larger seta at apex of each group, each 12–14 µm long and 10–12 µm wide, with apex either rounded or slightly pointed. Eyespots each about 30–33 µm wide.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E7C0660AFFEFF879FF1AF8ACBE02E2BD" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" startId="101.[151,244,1892,1913]" targetBox="[201,1395,158,1872]" targetPageId="101">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFEFF879FF1AF8ACBE02E2BD" blockId="101.[151,1436,1892,2030]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEFF879FF1AF8ACBA3AE22A" bold="true" box="[151,281,1892,1913]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">FIGURE 51.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFEFF879FE93F8ACB9A2E22A" authority="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[286,641,1892,1913]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskyi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFEFF879FE93F8ACBA9EE22A" box="[286,445,1892,1913]" italics="true" pageId="101" pageNumber="102">C. balachowskyi</emphasis>
Hodgson &amp; Peronti
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AF857EBFFEFF879FD06F8ACB9C8E22A" box="[651,747,1892,1913]" pageId="101" pageNumber="102" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Holotype. For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes: (i) dorsal loculate microducts of rusci-type; (ii) dorsal clear area unusually large; (iii) stigmatic setae extending out of cleft along margin; (iv) stigmatic setae in each cleft rather variable in size; (v) stigmatic setae present between eyespots anteriorly and more or less meeting between clefts; (vi) multilocular disc-pores only present posteriorly on abdomen; (vii) ventral tubular ducts absent anteriorly and extremely few (perhaps sometimes absent) posteriorly; (viii) tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis absent, and (ix) claw digitules both broad.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFECF87AFF4AFF50BBF3E4D4" blockId="102.[151,1437,151,1220]" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFECF87AFF4AFF50BA3FE5FC" box="[199,284,152,176]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFECF87AFF4AFF50BA36E5E3" bold="true" box="[199,277,152,176]" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">Venter</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm entirely membranous. Pregenital disc-pores abundant around genital opening (segment VII) and across preceding segment, and with 0–3 medially and 5–12 on each side mediolaterally of segment V; absent more anteriorly. Spiracular disc-pores present in broad bands of about 60–80, each band not broadening significantly near margin; with none extending medially past spiracular apodemes. Ventral microducts showing nothing distinctive. Ventral tubular ducts absent in cephalic region and mainly absent on abdomen (1 noted on one side of
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFFECF87AFF63FE84BA5CE437" box="[238,383,332,356]" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
). Submarginal setae setose, much more abundant than marginal setae, each about 8–11 µm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFECF87AFF4AFE5CB97EE76F" blockId="102.[151,1437,151,1220]" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">Antennae each with 6 segments, segment III apparently without pseudo-articulations; total length 200–230 µm. Clypeolabral shield about 160–165 µm long. Spiracles: width of peritremes 40–62 µm. Legs well developed; each without a tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis; claw denticles absent; claw digitules both broad and slightly shorter than tarsal digitules; dimensions of metathoracic legs (µm): coxa 105–120; trochanter + femur 140–155; tibia 100–108; tarsus 53–65, and claw 20–22.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFECF87AFF4AFD8FB90EE197" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFECF87AFF4AFD8FBEB2E69B" blockId="102.[151,1437,151,1220]" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFECF87AFF4AFD8FBA6FE70C" box="[199,332,583,608]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFECF87AFF4AFD8FBA66E733" bold="true" box="[199,325,583,608]" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">Discussion</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
In lacking tubular ducts in the cephalic region and in having abundant stigmatic setae around the margins,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFECF87AFE8EFDA4BA9CE7D7" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[259,447,620,644]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskyi">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFECF87AFE8EFDA4BA9CE7D7" box="[259,447,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">C. balachowskyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is superficially very similar to
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFECF87AFCBBFDA4B8FFE7D7" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[822,988,620,644]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ghesquierei">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFECF87AFCBBFDA4B8FFE7D7" box="[822,988,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">C. ghesquierei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, described as new below. It is easily separable due to the following combination of characters (those for
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFECF87AFC19FD58BF14E7FB" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[916,1079,656,680]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ghesquierei">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFECF87AFC19FD58BF14E7FB" box="[916,1079,656,680]" italics="true" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">C. ghesquierei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in brackets): (i) dorsal setae on each anal plate in a different arrangement, with 2 large dorsal setae near inner margin (all large dorsal setae near posterior margin); (ii) dorsal clear area exceptionally large, extending laterally to dorsad to legs (much smaller), with many dorsal setae; (iii) stigmatic setae in each cleft rather variable in size, each group with 3–5 larger setae (only dorsal-most seta enlarged), and (iv) with many (8–18) marginal stigmatic setae along anterior margin between eyespots (0–2). It is also somewhat similar to
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFECF87AFC81FC8CB8BEE60F" box="[780,925,836,860]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="singularis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFECF87AFC81FC8CB8BEE60F" box="[780,925,836,860]" italics="true" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">C. singularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having abundant stigmatic setae along the margins but these are also present along the posterior abdominal margins on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFECF87AFC78FCA0BFA5E6D3" box="[1013,1158,872,896]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="singularis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFECF87AFC78FCA0BFA5E6D3" box="[1013,1158,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">C. singularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFECF87AFB19FCA0BE6EE6D3" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[1172,1357,872,896]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskyi">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFECF87AFB19FCA0BE6EE6D3" box="[1172,1357,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">C. balachowskyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is also very similar to
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFECF87AFEC9FC44BAE6E6F7" box="[324,453,908,932]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="galeatus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFECF87AFEC9FC44BAE6E6F7" box="[324,453,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">C. galeatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but the latter species lacks the large dorsal clear area, has only 0–2 stigmatic setae on anterior margin of head, and all stigmatic setae are similar apart from the 1 enlarged seta near apex of each group.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFECF87AFF4AFC1CBFA9E160" blockId="102.[151,1437,151,1220]" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">
Most
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFECF87AFE84FC1CBACBE6BF" box="[265,488,980,1004]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFECF87AFE84FC1CBAADE6BF" box="[265,398,980,1004]" italics="true" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">Ceroplastes</emphasis>
species
</taxonomicName>
with loculate microducts of the rusci-type also have wax-plate lines. These could not be detected on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFECF87AFEE5FC30B902E143" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[360,545,1016,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskyi">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFECF87AFEE5FC30B902E143" box="[360,545,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">C. balachowskyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, probably because these lines are typically made up of loculate microducts with 2 or more satellite loculi, which are rare or perhaps sometimes absent on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFECF87AFC47FBD4BFA0E167" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[970,1155,1052,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskyi">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFECF87AFC47FBD4BFA0E167" box="[970,1155,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">C. balachowskyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFECF87AFF4AFB88BF38E10B" blockId="102.[151,1437,151,1220]" box="[199,1051,1088,1112]" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFECF87AFF4AFB88BA5CE10B" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[199,383,1088,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskyi">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFECF87AFF4AFB88BA5CE10B" box="[199,383,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">C. balachowskyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is currently only known from
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFECF87AFD5BFB88B803E10B" box="[726,800,1088,1112]" name="Gabon" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">Gabon</collectingCountry>
on an unknown plant.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFECF87AFF78FBACB90EE197" blockId="102.[151,1437,151,1220]" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFECF87AFF78FBACBA9DE12F" bold="true" box="[245,446,1123,1148]" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">Name derivation</emphasis>
: the specific name
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFECF87AFD11FBACB817E12F" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[668,820,1124,1148]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskyi">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFECF87AFD11FBACB817E12F" box="[668,820,1124,1148]" italics="true" pageId="102" pageNumber="103">balachowskyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is in honour of Prof. A.S. Balachowsky who not only obtained these specimens but collected many other scale insects from North Africa and the Mediterranean and was the guru on Palaearctic
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFECF87AFE12FB64B90AE197" box="[415,553,1196,1220]" class="Insecta" family="Diaspididae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="102" pageNumber="103" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Diaspididae</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

301
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<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF1F867FF1AFD8AB81EE70F" bold="true" box="[151,829,578,604]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">
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<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF1F867FF1AFD8ABA9EE70F" bold="true" box="[151,445,578,604]" italics="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">Ceroplastes ghesquierei</emphasis>
Hodgson &amp; Peronti
</taxonomicName>
,
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(
<figureCitation id="2B842A07FFF1F867FF12FDADBBD0E72E" box="[159,243,613,637]" captionStart="FIGURE 60" captionStartId="124.[151,244,1862,1883]" captionTargetBox="[186,1435,157,1829]" captionTargetId="figure-124@124.[151,1436,115,1862]" captionTargetPageId="124" captionText="FIGURE 60. C. ghesquierei Hodgson &amp; Peronti, spec. nov. Holotype. For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes: (i) dorsal loculate microducts of rusci-type; (ii) stigmatic setae extending out of cleft along margin and meeting between clefts; (iii) stigmatic setae in each cleft mainly 3-4 deep and with largest near apex; (iv) each margin with a total of about 65-100 stigmatic setae, plus occasionally 1-3 anteriorly between eyespots; (v) multilocular disc-pores usually only present posteriorly on abdomen; (vi) ventral tubular ducts absent anteriorly and perhaps also sometimes absent posteriorly; (vii) tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis either absent or small, and (viii) claw digitules both broad." pageId="123" pageNumber="124">Fig. 60</figureCitation>
; Map fig. 104)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFF1F861FF1AFD6EB988E70C" lastPageId="125" lastPageNumber="126" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFF1F867FF1AFD6EBFF8E7B1" blockId="123.[151,1436,678,1999]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF1F867FF1AFD6EBAA7E7EC" bold="true" box="[151,388,678,703]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">Material examined:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFFF1F867FE03FD6FBFF8E7B1" collectingDate="1936-12-14" collectionCode="TERV" collectorName="J. Ghesquiere" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" location="Kisangani" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF1F867FE03FD6FBAD8E7EC" bold="true" box="[398,507,679,703]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFF1F867FE03FD6FBAD8E7EC" box="[398,507,679,703]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFFF1F867FD8BFD6FB93AE7ED" box="[518,537,679,702]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
:
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF1F867FDA1FD6EB8F2E7EC" bold="true" box="[556,977,678,703]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFF1F867FDA1FD6EB8F2E7EC" box="[556,977,678,703]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">Democratic Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
</emphasis>
,
<location id="B6606059FFF1F867FC6CFD6EBF71E7ED" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FFF1F861FF1AFD8AB8CAE000:B6606059FFF1F867FC6CFD6EBF71E7ED" box="[993,1106,678,702]" country="Democratic Republic of the Congo" name="Kisangani" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">Kisangani</location>
[Stanleyville],
<collectedFrom id="00A3757FFFF1F867FA89FD6FBB9AE7B1" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">
on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFF1F867FAA4FD6EBB9AE7B1" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Loranthaceae" genus="Loranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Santalales" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF1F867FAA4FD6EBEBFE7ED" box="[1321,1436,678,702]" italics="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">Loranthus</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
</collectedFrom>
,
<date id="C7011042FFF1F867FF48FD02BA64E7B1" box="[197,327,714,738]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" value="1936-12-14">
<collectingDate id="D745E9AAFFF1F867FF48FD02BA64E7B1" box="[197,327,714,738]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" value="1936-12-14">14.xii.1936</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FFF1F867FEDFFD03BAC9E7B1" box="[338,490,714,738]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">J. Ghesquière</collectorName>
#4097(
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFF1F867FDCFFD02B9ADE7B1" box="[578,654,714,738]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">TERV</collectionCode>
): 1/3 (
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFF1F867FD5FFD02B815E7B1" box="[722,822,714,738]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
on left-hand side of slide; fair-good).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFF1F867FF4AFD27B94CE679" blockId="123.[151,1436,678,1999]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFFF1F867FF4AFD27B82CE655" box="[199,783,750,775]" collectionCode="MNHN" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" typeStatus="paratype">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF1F867FF4AFD27BA17E654" bold="true" box="[199,308,751,775]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFF1F867FF4AFD27BA17E654" box="[199,308,751,775]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" type="paratype">Paratype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFFF1F867FEB6FD27BA73E655" box="[315,336,751,774]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
: as for
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFF1F867FE30FD26B93CE655" box="[445,543,750,774]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
(
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFF1F867FDA2FD26B9AFE655" box="[559,652,750,774]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">MNHN</collectionCode>
): remaining
</materialsCitation>
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFFF1F867FC95FD26B948E679" collectionCode="TERV" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" specimenCount="2" typeStatus="holotype">
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFFF1F867FC95FD26B881E655" box="[792,930,750,774]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" type="generic">2 specimens</specimenCount>
on
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFF1F867FC40FD26BF0CE655" box="[973,1071,750,774]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
slide + 4/13 (fairly good–poor). Also a sachet of dried specimens (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFF1F867FD98FCDAB940E679" box="[533,611,786,810]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">TERV</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFF1F867FF4AFCFEBEB5E6C5" blockId="123.[151,1436,678,1999]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF1F867FF4AFCFEB86AE61C" bold="true" box="[199,841,822,847]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">
Other material:
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFF1F867FE19FCFEB867E61C" box="[404,836,822,847]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">Democratic Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
,
</emphasis>
Eala, on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFF1F867FC4FFCFEBF41E61D" box="[962,1122,822,846]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Loranthaceae" genus="Loranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Santalales" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF1F867FC4FFCFEBF16E61D" box="[962,1077,822,846]" italics="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">Loranthus</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7011042FFF1F867FBFEFCFEBFCDE61D" box="[1139,1262,822,846]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" value="1936-03-30">30.iii.1936</date>
, J. Ghesquière #4035 (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFF1F867FF61FC92BA6AE621" box="[236,329,858,882]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">MNHN</collectionCode>
): 1/3 (very poor); Trumu, on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFF1F867FD02FC93B9D5E621" box="[655,758,859,882]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF1F867FD02FC93B9EEE621" box="[655,717,859,882]" italics="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">Ficus</emphasis>
sp.
</taxonomicName>
, -.
<date id="C7011042FFF1F867FC83FC92B84BE621" box="[782,872,858,882]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" value="1937-04">iv.1937</date>
, J. Ghesquière #4131 (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFF1F867FBEAFC92BFE2E621" box="[1127,1217,858,882]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">MNHN</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFF1F867FB41FC92BE3AE621" box="[1228,1305,858,882]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">TERV</collectionCode>
): 3/8 (fairly good-poor); Lac Majunga, on an unknown plant, 25.i.11934, Mission de Witte (
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFF1F867FB9FFCB6BF4AE6C5" box="[1042,1129,894,918]" country="France" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34988" name="Museum National d'Histoire Naturelle" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">MNHN</collectionCode>
#14786): 7/7 (good-poor).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFF1F867FF4AFC6BBE58E6E9" blockId="123.[151,1436,678,1999]" box="[199,1403,930,955]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF1F867FF4AFC6BBBDCE6E8" bold="true" box="[199,255,931,955]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">Note</emphasis>
. Main description taken from
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFF1F867FDD7FC6BB9A9E6E8" box="[602,650,931,955]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">type</typeStatus>
series, data from non-type material in [..] brackets, when different.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFF1F867FF4AFC0FB853E119" blockId="123.[151,1436,678,1999]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF1F867FF4AFC0FBAE9E68D" box="[199,458,966,991]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF1F867FF4AFC0FBAE0E68C" bold="true" box="[199,451,966,991]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">Unmounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
The waxy test of 80 year-old dried specimens rather clear yellow but some clearly showing a basic structure similar to that of
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFF1F867FD0AFC23B9C2E151" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[647,737,1003,1027]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rusci">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF1F867FD0AFC23B9C2E151" box="[647,737,1003,1027]" italics="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">C. rusci</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with a series of marginal plates, anterior 2 lateral pairs each with white stigmatic lines, plus a larger dorsal plate with a central dark nucleus. With wax removed, younger specimens with a central dorsal dome and a short caudal process.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFF1F867FF4AFB9FB80EE1E5" blockId="123.[151,1436,678,1999]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF1F867FF4AFB9FBA88E13D" box="[199,427,1110,1135]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF1F867FF4AFB9FBA87E13C" bold="true" box="[199,420,1110,1135]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">Mounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Body rather roundly oval and probably fairly convex, with shallow stigmatic clefts; lateral tubercles distinct although small. Caudal process short and stout, probably directed rather upwards. Length of young specimens
<quantity id="74479B67FFF1F867FEF3FB56B924E1E5" box="[382,519,1182,1206]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" unit="mm" value="2.05" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="1.6">1.6–2.5 mm</quantity>
, width about 1.0–
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.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFF1F867FF4AFB0BBFEEE335" blockId="123.[151,1436,678,1999]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF1F867FF4AFB0BBA0DE189" box="[199,302,1219,1243]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF1F867FF4AFB0BBA04E188" bold="true" box="[199,295,1219,1243]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">Dorsum</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm membranous apart from heavily sclerotised caudal process. Caudal process probably approximately round and about 445–500 [–580] µm wide. Derm with 8 clear areas as normal; a few setae present in cephalic clear area and setae also frequent in mid-dorsal area. Dorsal setae each mostly short with sides slightly convergent but longer setae with a pointed apex, each subequal to or slightly longer than width of basal socket, length 3.0–6.5 µm, basal socket width 4–5 µm; frequent throughout and in some clear areas as described above. Dorsal pores: (i) loculate microducts of rusci-type abundant, each about 5–6 µm widest; pores with 2 satellite loculi sparse except in wax-plate lines where frequent; pores becoming scarce over a large area medially; pores with 3 or more satellite loculi absent; wax plate lines distinct; and (ii) simple microducts present in all clear areas, each with a sclerotised rim; not detected elsewhere. Preopercular pores present in an elongate band of about 16–22 [11–17], each band 1–2 wide. Anal plates together almost circular, each plate 125–133 µm long, width of both plates combined 128–137 µm, each with 3 large dorsal setae, each set close to posterior margin; each seta 38–58 µm long; shorter apical seta not detected. Anal tube about 1.0–1.5 times longer than length of anal plates.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFF1F867FF4AF9BABE1AE29D" blockId="123.[151,1436,678,1999]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF1F867FF4AF9BABA0BE3D9" box="[199,296,1650,1675]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF1F867FF4AF9BABA02E3D8" bold="true" box="[199,289,1650,1675]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">Margin</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Marginal setae strongly setose, each about 10–18 µm long; with 13–19 between eyespots on head, and (on each side) 2–5 [–6] between each eyespot and anterior stigmatic setae, 1 or 2 [–5] setae between stigmatic areas, and about 12 or 13 on each side of abdomen; each anal lobe with 3 or 4 longer setae, longest about 90 µm long. Stigmatic clefts shallow; stigmatic setae all sharply conical, with slightly convex sides; most about 8–12 µm long and 7–8 µm wide at base, but most clefts with a larger seta about 15 µm long and 10 µm wide at apex of each group on dorsum; smallest setae only 5 µm long and 3.5 µm wide; setae extending from close to each eyespot along entire margin to well posterior to posterior cleft; with, on each side of specimen, about 65–100 stigmatic setae, broadening gradually in each cleft to about 4 setae deep, and with non-marginal setae extending a long way on either side of each cleft; total along each margin 52–75, plus 9–15 non-marginal setae in each cleft; also with 0 [0–3] stigmatic setae on anterior margin between eyespots. Eyespots each about 27–30 [25–30] µm wide.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E7C0660AFFF6F860FF1AF88EBAB2E2BE" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" startId="124.[151,244,1862,1883]" targetBox="[186,1435,157,1829]" targetPageId="124">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFF6F860FF1AF88EBAB2E2BE" blockId="124.[151,1436,1862,2029]" pageId="124" pageNumber="125">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF6F860FF1AF88EBA39E208" bold="true" box="[151,282,1862,1883]" pageId="124" pageNumber="125">FIGURE 60.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFF6F860FEADF88EB950E208" authority="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[288,627,1862,1883]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ghesquierei" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF6F860FEADF88EBA8FE208" box="[288,428,1862,1883]" italics="true" pageId="124" pageNumber="125">C. ghesquierei</emphasis>
Hodgson &amp; Peronti
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AF857EBFFF6F860FDF3F88EB9FCE208" box="[638,735,1862,1883]" pageId="124" pageNumber="125" rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
Holotype. For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes: (i) dorsal loculate microducts of rusci-type; (ii) stigmatic setae extending out of cleft along margin and meeting between clefts; (iii) stigmatic setae in each cleft mainly 3-4 deep and with largest near apex; (iv) each margin with a total of about 65-100 stigmatic setae, plus occasionally 1-3 anteriorly between eyespots; (v) multilocular disc-pores usually only present posteriorly on abdomen; (vi) ventral tubular ducts absent anteriorly and perhaps also sometimes absent posteriorly; (vii) tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis either absent or small, and (viii) claw digitules both broad.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFF7F861FF4AFF50B949E4D4" blockId="125.[151,1437,151,1364]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF7F861FF4AFF50BA3FE5FC" box="[199,284,152,176]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF7F861FF4AFF50BA36E5E3" bold="true" box="[199,277,152,176]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">Venter</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm entirely membranous. Pregenital disc-pores abundant around genital opening (segment VII) and across preceding segment, and then very sparse (1–9) medially on segments V and IV; absent more anteriorly. Spiracular disc-pores present in broad bands of at least 100, each band not broadening near margin; with none extending medially past spiracular apodemes. Ventral microducts showing nothing distinctive. Ventral tubular ducts absent both in cephalic region and on abdomen [1 present in cephalic region on
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFFF7F861FB00FEEFBE31E46C" box="[1165,1298,295,319]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
, and 1 or 2 occasionally present associated with anogenital fold in segment VI]. Submarginal setae setose, more abundant than marginal setae, each about 8–10 µm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFF7F861FF4AFE5CB988E70C" blockId="125.[151,1437,151,1364]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">Antennae each with 6 segments, segment III apparently without pseudo-articulations; total length 215–240 [–245] µm. Clypeolabral shield about 130–150 [128–165] µm long. Spiracles: width of peritremes 45–55 µm. Legs well developed; each with a distinct but small tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis [articulatory sclerosis often clearly absent]; claw denticles absent; claw digitules both broad and slightly shorter than tarsal digitules; dimensions of metathoracic legs (µm): coxa 105–115 [–120]; trochanter + femur 128–135 [124–150]; tibia 85–95, and tarsus 60–65 [58–67]; claw 20–25 [18–23].</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFF7F861FF4AFDA3B8CAE000" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFF7F861FF4AFDA3BBCCE12F" blockId="125.[151,1437,151,1364]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF7F861FF4AFDA3BA6FE7D0" box="[199,332,619,644]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF7F861FF4AFDA3BA66E7D7" bold="true" box="[199,325,619,644]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">Discussion</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFF7F861FED0FDA4B923E7D7" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[349,512,620,644]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ghesquierei">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF7F861FED0FDA4B923E7D7" box="[349,512,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">C. ghesquierei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is clearly a member of the
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFF7F861FCB3FDA4B8BBE7D7" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[830,920,620,644]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rusci">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF7F861FCB3FDA4B8BBE7D7" box="[830,920,620,644]" italics="true" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">C. rusci</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-group but differs from the other members of this group in having the following combination of characters: (i) absence of ventral tubular ducts in cephalic region and often on abdomen; (ii) stigmatic setae on each side meeting between clefts and extending from near each eyespot a long way past each posterior cleft; also often with a few present between eyespots anteriorly; (iii) each stigmatic setal group broadening to 4 setae deep in each cleft, and with non-marginal stigmatic setae extending a long way along margin laterally; (iv) stigmatic setae sharply cone-shaped, (v) presence of only 1–5 marginal setae on each side laterally between clefts and (vi) large dorsal setae on each anal plate all located near posterior margin. In almost entirely lacking ventral tubular ducts,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFF7F861FD48FCA0B84AE6D3" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[709,873,872,896]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ghesquierei">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF7F861FD48FCA0B84AE6D3" box="[709,873,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">C. ghesquierei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is similar to
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFF7F861FB85FCA0BFE0E6D3" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[1032,1219,872,896]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskyi">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF7F861FB85FCA0BFE0E6D3" box="[1032,1219,872,896]" italics="true" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">C. balachowskyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(described as new above),
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFF7F861FF7FFC44BAA0E6F7" box="[242,387,908,932]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="singularis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF7F861FF7FFC44BAA0E6F7" box="[242,387,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">C. singularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF7F861FE36FC44B9C0E6F7" box="[443,739,908,932]" italics="true" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFF7F861FE36FC44B91CE6F7" box="[443,575,908,932]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="galeatus">C. galeatus</taxonomicName>
.
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFF7F861FDDFFC44B9C0E6F7" box="[594,739,908,932]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="singularis">C. singularis</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
differs from the other 3 species in having a band of stigmatic setae around the entire margin (absent from some parts of the margin on other 3 species). It also resembles
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFF7F861FA0FFC78BBD5E6BF" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="galeatus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF7F861FA0FFC78BBD5E6BF" italics="true" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">C. galeatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, particularly in having the large dorsal setae on the anal plate restricted to near the outer margins of each plate but, based on the available material, differs from
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFF7F861FC81FC30B8ADE143" box="[780,910,1016,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="galeatus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF7F861FC81FC30B8ADE143" box="[780,910,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">C. galeatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having many more stigmatic setae on each side, meeting laterally between the clefts. It is possible that
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFF7F861FCCCFBD4B8C7E167" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[833,996,1052,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ghesquierei">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF7F861FCCCFBD4B8C7E167" box="[833,996,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">C. ghesquierei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is a synonym of
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFF7F861FB29FBD4BE00E167" box="[1188,1315,1052,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="galeatus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF7F861FB29FBD4BE00E167" box="[1188,1315,1052,1076]" italics="true" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">C. galeatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but, based on the available specimens, they are easily separable. For a comparison with
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFF7F861FBA6FB88BFC4E10B" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[1067,1255,1088,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskyi">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF7F861FBA6FB88BFC4E10B" box="[1067,1255,1088,1112]" italics="true" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">C. balachowskyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, see under that species.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFF7F861FF4AFB40B948E197" blockId="125.[151,1437,151,1364]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFF7F861FF4AFB40BA50E1F3" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[199,371,1160,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ghesquierei">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF7F861FF4AFB40BA50E1F3" box="[199,371,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">C. ghesquierei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is currently only known from
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFF7F861FC85FB40BF9AE1F3" box="[776,1209,1160,1184]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">Democratic Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
on
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFF7F861FB7AFB40BA63E197" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Loranthaceae" genus="Loranthus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Santalales" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF7F861FB7AFB40BE49E1F3" box="[1271,1386,1160,1184]" italics="true" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">Loranthus</emphasis>
sp. (Loranthaceae)
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFF7F861FEFAFB65B94BE197" box="[375,616,1196,1220]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Moraceae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Rosales" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF7F861FEFAFB65BA96E197" box="[375,437,1197,1220]" italics="true" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">Ficus</emphasis>
sp. (Moraceae)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFF7F861FF4AFB18B8CAE000" blockId="125.[151,1437,151,1364]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF7F861FF4AFB18BAACE1BB" bold="true" box="[199,399,1231,1256]" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">Name derivation</emphasis>
: the specific name
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFF7F861FDE5FB18B9C9E1BB" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[616,746,1232,1256]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="125" pageNumber="126" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ghesquierei">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF7F861FDE5FB18B9C9E1BB" box="[616,746,1232,1256]" italics="true" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">ghesquierei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is in honour of Jean Ghesquière (1892–1982), a Belgian who worked in
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFF7F861FE9FFB3CB983E05F" box="[274,672,1268,1292]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">Democratic Republic of the Congo</collectingCountry>
as an applied entomologist working for the Institute National pour l’Etude Agronomique du
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFF7F861FE37FAD0B926E063" box="[442,517,1304,1328]" name="Democratic Republic of the Congo" pageId="125" pageNumber="126">Congo</collectingCountry>
between about 1922 and 1952 and who collected all of the above material and a large number of other
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFF7F861FE1DFAF4B90EE007" box="[400,557,1340,1364]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="125" pageNumber="10" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Ceroplastinae">Ceroplastinae</taxonomicName>
, many of them mentioned in this paper.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="615A04E260A5C0A4738A3DDDAD50EE19">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="6090C95E252F0A961DCD8880517284A7">
<mods:date id="1E211F3DA8ADC6C00028822374871190">2012</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="EEE04E33A078F55E346864C12B31CB8C">2012-07-04</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="D4318F4C578C5E73A37D483719AC2115">3372</mods:number>
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<treatment id="3B168794FFF2F867FF1AFA6FB8C0E4A0" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5255418" ID-Zenodo-Dep="5255418" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FFF2F867FF1AFA6FB8C0E4A0" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3B168794FFF2F867FF1AFA6FB8C0E4A0" lastPageId="123" lastPageNumber="124" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFF2F864FF1AFA6FB92DE092" box="[151,526,1447,1473]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFF2F864FF1AFA6FB92DE092" blockId="120.[151,526,1447,1506]" box="[151,526,1447,1473]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
<heading id="E84881EEFFF2F864FF1AFA6FB92DE092" bold="true" box="[151,526,1447,1473]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFF2F864FF1AFA6FB92DE092" ID-CoL="T42G" authority="Newstead" authorityName="Newstead" box="[151,526,1447,1473]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="galeatus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF2F864FF1AFA6FB92DE092" bold="true" box="[151,526,1447,1473]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF2F864FF1AFA6FBAACE092" bold="true" box="[151,399,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">Ceroplastes galeatus</emphasis>
Newstead
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFF2F864FF1AFA02BABAE0B1" box="[151,409,1482,1506]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" type="description">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFF2F864FF1AFA02BABAE0B1" blockId="120.[151,526,1447,1506]" box="[151,409,1482,1506]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
(
<figureCitation id="2B842A07FFF2F864FF12FA02BBD0E0B1" box="[159,243,1482,1506]" captionStart="FIGURE 59" captionStartId="121.[151,244,1803,1824]" captionText="FIGURE 59. C. galeatus Newstead. Lectotype. For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes: (i) dorsal loculate microducts of rusci-type; (ii) with about 15 marginal setae between eyespots; (iii) stigmatic setae extending out of cleft along margin but not meeting between clefts; (iv) stigmatic setae in each cleft mainly 3-4 deep and with largest near apex; (v) each cleft with a total of about 30-37 stigmatic setae; (vi) multilocular disc-pores usually only present posteriorly on abdomen; (vii) ventral tubular ducts absent anteriorly and perhaps also sometimes absent posteriorly; (viii) tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis either absent or small, and (ix) claw digitules both broad." pageId="120" pageNumber="121">Fig. 59</figureCitation>
; Map fig. 104)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFF2F864FF1AF9DAB992E314" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFF2F864FF1AF9DAB96FE37B" blockId="120.[151,689,1554,1607]" box="[151,588,1554,1576]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFFF2F864FF1AF9DAB96FE37B" box="[151,588,1554,1576]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FFF2F864FF1AF9DAB96BE37B" author="Newstead, R." box="[151,584,1554,1576]" page="95" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" year="1911">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFF2F864FF1AF9DAB96BE37B" ID-CoL="T42G" authority="Newstead, 1911 a: 95" authorityName="Newstead" authorityPageNumber="95" authorityYear="1911" box="[151,584,1554,1576]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="galeatus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF2F864FF1AF9DABA48E37B" box="[151,363,1554,1576]" italics="true" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">Ceroplastes galeatus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFF2F864FEFCF9DAB96BE37B" author="Newstead, R." box="[369,584,1554,1576]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" pagination="85 - 104" refId="ref187718" refString="Newstead, R. (1911 a) Observations on African scale insects (Coccidae). (No. 3). Bulletin of Entomological Research 2, 85 - 104." type="journal article" year="1911">Newstead, 1911a: 95</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFF2F864FF1AF9F9B992E314" blockId="120.[151,689,1554,1607]" box="[151,689,1585,1607]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93AF11ACFFF2F864FF1AF9F9B992E314" box="[151,689,1585,1607]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFF2F864FF1AF9F9BAECE314" ID-CoL="T42G" authority="Newstead" authorityName="Newstead" box="[151,463,1585,1607]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="galeatus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF2F864FF1AF9F9BA47E314" box="[151,356,1585,1607]" italics="true" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">Ceroplastes galeatus</emphasis>
Newstead
</taxonomicName>
;
<treatmentCitation id="321E1093FFF2F864FE54F9FAB98EE314" author="Le Pelley, R. H." box="[473,685,1585,1607]" page="350" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" year="1968">
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFF2F864FE54F9FAB98EE314" author="Le Pelley, R. H." box="[473,685,1585,1607]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" refId="ref186438" refString="Le Pelley, R. H. (1968) Pests of coffee. Longmans, London. 588 pp." type="book" year="1968">Le Pelley, 1968: 350</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFF2F865FF1AF9BBBF84E37F" lastPageId="121" lastPageNumber="122" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFF2F864FF1AF9BBB821E387" blockId="120.[151,1438,1651,2036]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF2F864FF1AF9BBBAA6E3DF" bold="true" box="[151,389,1651,1676]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">Material examined:</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFFF2F864FE02F9BCB821E387" collectionCode="BMNH" country="Uganda" county="Cotype" location="Colonial Office" municipality="Newstead" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-female="2" typeStatus="lectotype">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF2F864FE02F9BCB926E3DF" bold="true" box="[399,517,1652,1676]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFF2F864FE02F9BCB926E3DF" box="[399,517,1652,1676]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFFF2F864FD82F9BCB907E3D8" box="[527,548,1652,1675]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF2F864FDA3F9BBB85BE3DF" bold="true" box="[558,888,1651,1676]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
(here designated):
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFF2F864FC9CF9BCB850E3DF" box="[785,883,1652,1676]" name="Uganda" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">Uganda</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
right label:
<location id="B6606059FFF2F864FB84F9BCBF98E3DF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FFF2F867FF1AFA6FB8C0E4A0:B6606059FFF2F864FB84F9BCBF98E3DF" box="[1033,1211,1652,1676]" country="Uganda" county="Cotype" municipality="Newstead" name="Colonial Office" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">Colonial Office</location>
/ Ent. Res. Comm. (T.A.) / 1804 /
<location id="B6606059FFF2F864FECAF95FBA80E3FC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B168794FFF2F867FF1AFA6FB8C0E4A0:B6606059FFF2F864FECAF95FBA80E3FC" box="[327,419,1687,1711]" country="Uganda" county="Cotype" municipality="Newstead" name="Entebbe" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">Entebbe</location>
/ 10/VIII/10 / BM 1945, 121; left label:
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFF2F864FCF1F95FB8DCE3FC" box="[892,1023,1687,1711]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Ceroplastes</taxonomicName>
/ galeatus /
<collectingMunicipality id="5364ACF8FFF2F864FB02F95FBFDDE3FC" box="[1167,1278,1687,1711]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">Newstead</collectingMunicipality>
/
<collectingCounty id="5A614E0EFFF2F864FA95F95FBE4AE3FC" box="[1304,1385,1687,1711]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">Cotype</collectingCounty>
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFFF2F864FAF9F950BEBDE3FC" box="[1396,1438,1688,1711]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" type="female">♀♀</specimenCount>
(
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFF2F864FF12F974BBD9E387" box="[159,250,1724,1748]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/1 (fair-poor, dorsum and venter separated).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFF2F864FF4AF928BF88E3A4" blockId="120.[151,1438,1651,2036]" box="[199,1195,1759,1784]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF2F864FF4AF928BA4FE3AB" bold="true" box="[199,364,1760,1784]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFF2F864FF4AF928BA4FE3AB" box="[199,364,1760,1784]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" type="paralectotype">Paralectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFFF2F864FEFEF928BAABE3A4" box="[371,392,1760,1783]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
: as for
<typeStatus id="6C048820FFF2F864FE7EF917B97EE3A4" box="[499,605,1759,1783]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
, 1/2 (fair; split into dorsum and venter) + 4/6 (poor).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFF2F864FF4AF8CCBFE4E24F" blockId="120.[151,1438,1651,2036]" box="[199,1223,1796,1820]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF2F864FF4AF8CCBA16E24F" bold="true" box="[199,309,1796,1820]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">Non-type</emphasis>
:
<materialsCitation id="03D73CDFFFF2F864FEC9F8CCBFE0E24F" box="[324,1219,1796,1820]" collectingDate="1910-09-15" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="C. C. Gowdey" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" specimenCount="1">
as previous but collected on
<date id="C7011042FFF2F864FD0EF8CCB9DEE24F" box="[643,765,1796,1820]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" value="1910-09-15">
<collectingDate id="D745E9AAFFF2F864FD0EF8CCB9DEE24F" box="[643,765,1796,1820]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" value="1910-09-15">15.ix.1910</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="1E4A5354FFF2F864FC84F8CCB881E24F" box="[777,930,1796,1820]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">C.C. Gowdey</collectorName>
(
<collectionCode id="D5AEAE47FFF2F864FC3CF8CCBF2FE24F" box="[945,1036,1796,1820]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">BMNH</collectionCode>
): 1/2 (fair-poor)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFF2F864FF4AF8E0BA09E237" blockId="120.[151,1438,1651,2036]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF2F864FF4AF8E0BBDCE213" bold="true" box="[199,255,1832,1856]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">Note</emphasis>
. The following description is taken from the specimens divided into dorsum and venter and from a young adult female.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFF2F865FF4AF8B8B918E5A4" blockId="120.[151,1438,1651,2036]" lastBlockId="121.[151,1437,151,1580]" lastPageId="121" lastPageNumber="122" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF2F864FF4AF8B8BAEAE2D4" box="[199,457,1903,1928]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="120" pageNumber="121" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF2F864FF4AF8B8BAE1E2DB" bold="true" box="[199,450,1903,1928]" pageId="120" pageNumber="121">Unmounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
&quot;Test of adult female — wax hard; creamy white or dusky yellowish white; roughly hemispherical; divided into distinct plates; dorsum with a central dark nuclear spot situated in a deep depression, the latter extending as a narrow groove as far as the region of the anal lobes; lateral plates separated by dark depression lines; lateral margins over the stigmatic clefts projecting considerably beyond the hemispherical portion, in the form of 2 peak-like extensions, on both surfaces of which are the opaque white stigmatic bands; area surrounding the anal orifice almost denuded, so that the colour of the insect is visible. Width 4.5–5.0 mm, length 4.0–
<quantity id="74479B67FFF3F865FF44FF17BA00E5A4" box="[201,291,223,247]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" unit="mm" value="4.5">4.5 mm</quantity>
.&quot; (
<bibRefCitation id="D72E4B73FFF3F865FEB3FF17B90DE5A4" author="Newstead, R." box="[318,558,223,247]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" pagination="85 - 104" refId="ref187718" refString="Newstead, R. (1911 a) Observations on African scale insects (Coccidae). (No. 3). Bulletin of Entomological Research 2, 85 - 104." type="journal article" year="1911">Newstead, 1911a: 95</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFF3F865FF4AFECCBF23E430" blockId="121.[151,1437,151,1580]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF3F865FF4AFECCBA85E448" box="[199,422,259,284]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF3F865FF4AFECCBABCE44F" bold="true" box="[199,415,259,284]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Mounted material</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Body elongate oval, probably rather convex, with shallow, stigmatic clefts; distinctness of dorsal tubercles uncertain. Caudal process short and stout, pointing more or less vertically. Length
<quantity id="74479B67FFF3F865FA80FEEFBEB4E46C" box="[1293,1431,295,319]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" unit="mm" value="3.1" valueMax="3.5" valueMin="2.7">2.7–3.5 mm</quantity>
, total width of mounted specimen
<quantity id="74479B67FFF3F865FD83FE84B985E430" box="[526,678,332,356]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.125" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.75" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" unit="mm" value="2.125" valueMax="2.5" valueMin="1.75">1.75–2.5 mm</quantity>
; width of venter
<quantity id="74479B67FFF3F865FCE9FE84B8DFE430" box="[868,1020,332,356]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.575" metricValueMax="1.65" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" unit="mm" value="1.575" valueMax="1.65" valueMin="1.5">1.5–1.65 mm</quantity>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFF3F865FF4AFEB8BF97E7BC" blockId="121.[151,1437,151,1580]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF3F865FF4AFEB8BA0DE4D4" box="[199,302,368,392]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF3F865FF4AFEB8BA04E4DB" bold="true" box="[199,295,368,392]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Dorsum</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm entirely membranous on young individuals, except for heavily sclerotised caudal process; derm becoming more sclerotised on old individuals. Caudal process heavily sclerotised, with simple microducts more or less throughout;
<quantity id="74479B67FFF3F865FE39FE7FB918E49C" box="[436,571,439,463]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.499999999999999" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" unit="mm" value="0.6499999999999999" valueMax="0.7" valueMin="0.6">0.6–0.7 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="74479B67FFF3F865FD08FE7FB80BE49C" box="[645,808,439,463]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.25" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" unit="mm" value="0.725" valueMax="0.75" valueMin="0.7">0.70–0.75 mm</quantity>
wide. Derm with eight large clear areas, distributed as usual, each without dorsal setae. Dorsal setae rather variable in shape, each mostly bluntly spinose, margins almost parallel, but some quite pointed; each subequal to or slightly longer than width of basal-socket (length 3.0–3.5 µm; basal socket width 2.5–3.0 µm); quite frequent throughout but absent from clear areas. Dorsal pores: (i) loculate microducts of rusci-type most abundant, those with 2 satellite loculi rare; rather sparse throughout apart from in clear areas where absent; wax-plate lines obscure but most pores with 2 satellite loculi probably restricted to them; (ii) simple microducts present but distribution uncertain. Preopercular pores present but number uncertain, probably about
<quantity id="74479B67FFF3F865FEC8FD7CBA5DE79F" box="[325,382,692,716]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.048" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" unit="in" value="12.0">12 in</quantity>
a transverse band; each small. Anal plates each with 3 pairs of large setal sockets dorsally (all setae missing) and a short apical seta. Length of anal tube and structure of anal ring unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFF3F865FF4AFD33BFF2E104" blockId="121.[151,1437,151,1580]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF3F865FF4AFD33BA0BE640" box="[199,296,763,788]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF3F865FF4AFD33BA02E647" bold="true" box="[199,289,763,788]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Margin</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Marginal setae strongly setose; each seta 16–20 µm long; with perhaps 15 or 16 between eyespots, and (on each side) 3–6 between eyespots and anterior stigmatic setae, 2 or 3 between stigmatic clefts (intermingling with stigmatic setae) and maybe about 10–12 on each side of abdomen; each anal lobe with 4 long setae, each about 40–60 µm long. Stigmatic clefts shallow, each with a marginal line of bluntly pointed, conical stigmatic setae, line broadening to 3 or 4 setae deep in each cleft; often with 1 rather larger spinose seta in middle of each group, latter about 15–17 µm long, 8–10 µm wide at base; most other stigmatic setae about 10–12 µm long and 6–8 µm wide at base; setae extending some distance along margin on either side of each cleft, sometimes almost meeting between clefts; with non-marginal stigmatic setae also extending some distance on either side of cleft; with a total of 30–37 stigmatic setae in each cleft of which about 20–26 setae on margin and 10–14 non-marginal; also with 0–2 stigmatic setae anteriorly between eyespots. Eyespots each about 25–28 µm wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFF3F865FF4AFBACBAA3E024" blockId="121.[151,1437,151,1580]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF3F865FF4AFBACBA3FE128" box="[199,284,1124,1148]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF3F865FF4AFBACBA36E12F" bold="true" box="[199,277,1124,1148]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Venter</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Derm entirely membranous; cephalic region apparently rather large. Pregenital disc-pores abundant around genital opening and across preceding segment, plus a few in segment V; mostly absent more anteriorly, although 1 present in segment III on
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFFF3F865FDB5FB64B998E197" box="[568,699,1196,1220]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
. Spiracular disc-pores present in a broad band near each spiracle but narrowing abruptly and then broadening again near margin, particularly in posterior band; each band with perhaps 60–70 disc-pores between margin and each spiracle. Ventral microducts showing nothing distinctive. Ventral tubular ducts absent in cephalic region and very scarce (sometimes possibly absent) associated with anogenital fold, only 1 found on 1 side of abdominal segment VI on
<specimenCount id="A5B9FD0BFFF3F865FC28FAF4BF0BE007" box="[933,1064,1340,1364]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" type="generic">1 specimen</specimenCount>
. Submarginal setae sparse, each about 8–10 µm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFF3F865FF4AFA4CBF84E37F" blockId="121.[151,1437,151,1580]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">Antennae each with 6 segments, segment III rather short with no sign of pseudo-articulations; total length 220–235 µm. Clypeolabral shield about 130–135 µm long. Spiracles: width of peritremes 40–45 µm. Legs well developed, each with a very small and indistinct tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis; presence of claw denticle unknown; claw digitules both broad and subequal in length to tarsal digitules; dimensions of metathoracic legs (µm): coxa 95–110; trochanter + femur 125–130; tibia 80–85; tarsus 60–65, and claw 18–20.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<caption id="E7C0660AFFF3F865FF1AF8C3BBF7E292" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" startId="121.[151,244,1803,1824]">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFF3F865FF1AF8C3BBF7E292" blockId="121.[151,1436,1803,1985]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF3F865FF1AF8C3BA3BE273" bold="true" box="[151,280,1803,1824]" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">FIGURE 59.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFF3F865FE90F8C4BAD5E272" authority="Newstead." authorityName="Newstead." box="[285,502,1804,1825]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="121" pageNumber="122" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="galeatus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF3F865FE90F8C4BAA9E272" box="[285,394,1804,1825]" italics="true" pageId="121" pageNumber="122">C. galeatus</emphasis>
Newstead.
</taxonomicName>
Lectotype. For explanation of labels, see p. 9. Notes: (i) dorsal loculate microducts of rusci-type; (ii) with about 15 marginal setae between eyespots; (iii) stigmatic setae extending out of cleft along margin but not meeting between clefts; (iv) stigmatic setae in each cleft mainly 3-4 deep and with largest near apex; (v) each cleft with a total of about 30-37 stigmatic setae; (vi) multilocular disc-pores usually only present posteriorly on abdomen; (vii) ventral tubular ducts absent anteriorly and perhaps also sometimes absent posteriorly; (viii) tibio-tarsal articulatory sclerosis either absent or small, and (ix) claw digitules both broad.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<subSubSection id="FBA56509FFF1F867FF4AFF5FB8C0E4A0" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B3003682FFF1F867FF4AFF5FBF79E4FF" blockId="123.[151,1436,151,500]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF1F867FF4AFF5FBA6FE5FC" box="[199,332,151,176]" inLineHeading="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF1F867FF4AFF5FBA66E5E3" bold="true" box="[199,325,151,176]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">Discussion</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
The adult female of
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFF1F867FDC9FF50B9E6E5E3" box="[580,709,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="galeatus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF1F867FDC9FF50B9E6E5E3" box="[580,709,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">C. galeatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
initially appears similar to several other species in the
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFF1F867FAB4FF50BEB0E5FC" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[1337,1427,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rusci">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF1F867FAB4FF50BEB0E5FC" box="[1337,1427,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">C. rusci</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
- group but differs in: (i) having no ventral tubular ducts in the cephalic region; (ii) almost no tibio-tarsal articulatory scleroses; (iii) the distribution of the stigmatic setae, with the largest lying within the group (i.e., not the most dorsal seta); (iv) in the shortness of antennal segment III, and (v) stigmatic setae not meeting between clefts. Other species in the
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF1F867FECCFEE0BA85E46C" box="[321,422,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">C. rusci-</emphasis>
group that lack tubular ducts in the cephalic region are
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFF1F867FBB5FEE0BFEEE413" box="[1080,1229,296,320]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="singularis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF1F867FBB5FEE0BFEEE413" box="[1080,1229,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">C. singularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFF1F867FB52FEE0BEBFE413" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[1247,1436,296,320]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskyi">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF1F867FB52FEE0BEBFE413" box="[1247,1436,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">C. balachowskyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(described as new above) and
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFF1F867FE7DFE84B9B6E437" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[496,661,332,356]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ghesquierei">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF1F867FE7DFE84B9B6E437" box="[496,661,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">C. ghesquierei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(described as new below).
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFF1F867FC5BFE84BF4AE437" box="[982,1129,332,356]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="singularis">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF1F867FC5BFE84BF4AE437" box="[982,1129,332,356]" italics="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">C. singularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs in having stigmatic setae along entire margin,
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFF1F867FE31FEB8B956E4DB" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[444,629,368,392]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="balachowskyi">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF1F867FE31FEB8B956E4DB" box="[444,629,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">C. balachowskyi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differs in having a very large mid-dorsal clear area and
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFF1F867FB6CFEB8BEA1E4DB" authorityName="Hodgson &amp; Peronti" authorityYear="2012" box="[1249,1410,368,392]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ghesquierei">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF1F867FB6CFEB8BEA1E4DB" box="[1249,1410,368,392]" italics="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">C. ghesquierei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is very similar but has many more stigmatic setae which almost meet between the clefts.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B3003682FFF1F867FF4AFE70B8C0E4A0" blockId="123.[151,1436,151,500]" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFF1F867FF4AFE70BA65E483" box="[199,326,440,464]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Ceroplastes" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="galeatus">
<emphasis id="81CBEA90FFF1F867FF4AFE70BA65E483" box="[199,326,440,464]" italics="true" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">C. galeatus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
appears to be known only on coffee (
<taxonomicName id="74BF4D01FFF1F867FD6AFE7FB87CE49C" box="[743,863,439,463]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="123" pageNumber="124" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rubiaceae</taxonomicName>
) and an unknown host from
<collectingCountry id="CBA87612FFF1F867FB13FE7FBFDAE49C" box="[1182,1273,439,463]" name="Uganda" pageId="123" pageNumber="124">Uganda</collectingCountry>
. The fact that it was a pest of coffee at that time suggests that it must have been common.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

201
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<treatment id="3B16D5064C3F7FFD613320FD8004E92B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.6267092" ID-GBIF-Taxon="100134676" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6267092" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B16D5064C3F7FFD613320FD8004E92B" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3B16D5064C3F7FFD613320FD8004E92B" lastPageNumber="18" pageNumber="16">
<subSubSection id="94264FF79FC9F1E6170F9B981FABF223" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="05CC90CAAE2BD0EA26F9A25D15C0B36C" pageNumber="16">
<taxonomicName id="87FB63B1126881D90443251A1FE86400" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:187820" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Camponotus thadeus Shattuck" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thadeus">Camponotus thadeus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="1CAB585B8E35A1B65BDFCE0B18F2F04F" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
(Figs 22-26)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="DA6EE98956B072A5AC78FA28D5F2D23A" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph id="9FAB21E8EB5658F66EEB448AF6687536" pageNumber="16">Diagnosis (minor worker). Dorsum of mesosoma with abundant, bright yellow enlarged hairs; metapleural gland present.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="10FE93EA8EC11D5189336FAD4A089C3C" type="description">
<paragraph id="33384B5EF00E297B242343AE883B3940" pageNumber="16">Description (minor worker). Posterolateral surface of head rounding gradually from the dorsal to lateral surfaces, the lateral surface weakly concave in smaller workers, convex in larger workers. Petiolar node forming a sharp angle dorsally and with a slight anterior tilt. Enlarged bright yellow hairs abundant on pronotum (except extreme anterior edge), mesonotum and gaster, those on the propodeum limited to near the angle; appressed pubescence present but sparse. Colour dark red-black to black.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="097F61626348DDB01FDBE6F6D3C6CD3E" pageNumber="16">Measurements. Minor worker (n=4): CI 84-92, HL 1.86-2.29mm, HW 1.57- 2.08mm, ML 3.04-3.63mm, MTL 2.43-2.78mm, SI 162-194, SL 2.61-2.94mm.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="F13BE03EB74B7EF0F0DAB6F366B9B855" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="F705692CF41BEEBAFB83964AD042FE56" pageNumber="16">
Material Examined.
<materialsCitation id="91DD14C9B61D2F1875CE7A41BAE2DD82" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923899229" collectingDate="2004-05-16" collectionCode="ANIC, BMNH, LACM, MCZC" collectorName="A. J. Shuetrim, M. Guzik" country="Australia" latitude="-15.816667" location="Mt. Finnigan summit, via Helenvale" longitude="145.28334" typeStatus="holotype, paratypes">
<typeStatus id="33FF1EDDEFF47190A536C8F9F8942EED">Holotype</typeStatus>
worker and 11 worker
<typeStatus id="047F5904D1EDAEC0971BFF157D93E71B">paratypes</typeStatus>
from
<location id="A23BC99595BC98021C033E196CC8705C" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B16D5064C3F7FFD613320FD8004E92B:A23BC99595BC98021C033E196CC8705C" country="Australia" latitude="-15.816667" longitude="145.28334" name="Mt. Finnigan summit, via Helenvale">Mt. Finnigan summit, via Helenvale</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="0F5AE1F047C0756B3C841417B9E8378D" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-15.816667">15°49'S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="1A915E70258E27660017708DECAEEEBC" direction="east" orientation="longitude" value="145.28334">145°17'E</geoCoordinate>
,
<collectingCountry id="E3CB4A64EA1B0899D7DAB9B66238F489">Australia</collectingCountry>
,
<date id="1D383109B88749036E292B6FDD83994C" day="16" month="05" value="2004-05-16" year="2004">
<collectingDate id="E9BFC48D96949B6BDC23E89178143B00" day="16" month="05" value="2004-05-16" year="2004">16 May 2004</collectingDate>
</date>
,
<collectorName id="79CE840DA7B64E0A861267DE43BC70F3">A.J.Shuetrim and M.Guzik</collectorName>
(
<typeStatus id="C79929A399D427781FB625662E88C033">holotype</typeStatus>
and 5
<typeStatus id="13B3E96DF49EA0E79973C173F9CC91CE">paratypes</typeStatus>
in
<collectionCode id="0312CA9E3C975697F763F602555C63C4" collectionName="Australia, Australian Capital Territory, Canberra City, CSIRO, Australian National Insect Collection">ANIC</collectionCode>
, 2
<typeStatus id="7F70A3911AB7C79553520BB06FE16DC8">paratypes</typeStatus>
in
<collectionCode id="BB1A81E1F9B2BDBA8A93B7388D5632C6" collectionName="United Kingdom, London, The Natural History Museum [formerly British Museum (Natural History)]">BMNH</collectionCode>
, 2
<typeStatus id="F9168786C9EFF6EF58C2887274AAB826">paratypes</typeStatus>
in
<collectionCode id="FABC85F1DD10E8BAE06753CFC5805BD6" collectionName="USA, California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History">LACM</collectionCode>
, 2
<typeStatus id="33A2E0350A30B703E27E3F66871B821B">paratypes</typeStatus>
in
<collectionCode id="24FF7D278BB7B72C25DF5C7681659424" collectionName="USA, Massachusetts, Cambridge, Harvard University, Museum of Comparative Zoology">MCZC</collectionCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="B735A87AFD113402C795452689BF7973" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="8A7ECBE9FCFCFF894D4981C55316133C" pageNumber="16">
Additional material:
<materialsCitation id="7173BA6B7FD678F4D94168203DBB9BE8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923899235" collectionCode="ANIC" collectorName="Monteith, Yeates, Cook" country="Australia" location="2.5 km SW Mt. Hartley, 35 km S Cooktown" stateProvince="Queensland">
<collectingCountry id="D196CECE9BDEC1A20F2AA1033BBC4F66">Australia</collectingCountry>
:
<collectingRegion id="91B63B7A3471CCB14A86B254934311EE">Queensland</collectingRegion>
:
<location id="E07FBF3A0CB9274B306641FB672DCC68" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B16D5064C3F7FFD613320FD8004E92B:E07FBF3A0CB9274B306641FB672DCC68" country="Australia" name="2.5 km SW Mt. Hartley, 35 km S Cooktown" stateProvince="Queensland">2.5km SW Mt. Hartley, 35km S Cooktown</location>
(
<collectorName id="7E62E568A1F345D42C0322965E7CF97F">Monteith, Yeates &amp; Cook</collectorName>
) (
<collectionCode id="2C464CC79B10979E5D628893610D09B1" collectionName="Australia, Australian Capital Territory, Canberra City, CSIRO, Australian National Insect Collection">ANIC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="66599122A2BA2597B495F689272C2EE8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923899238" collectionCode="ANIC, LACM" collectorName="Monteith, Yeates, Cook" country="Australia" location="Mt. Finnigan, 37 km S Cooktown" stateProvince="Queensland">
<location id="BC0A10A00CBD8506AAA939DA1D157892" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B16D5064C3F7FFD613320FD8004E92B:BC0A10A00CBD8506AAA939DA1D157892" country="Australia" name="Mt. Finnigan, 37 km S Cooktown" stateProvince="Queensland">Mt. Finnigan, 37km S Cooktown</location>
(
<collectorName id="562305F3E7D52742493510975B4D693D">Monteith, Yeates &amp; Cook</collectorName>
) (
<collectionCode id="7C0DB0345CDD4F76718651AAB4E66EBB" collectionName="Australia, Australian Capital Territory, Canberra City, CSIRO, Australian National Insect Collection">ANIC</collectionCode>
,
<collectionCode id="293181947C663761947EB0431CAAE5C7" collectionName="USA, California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History">LACM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="037F8DC7DBB02C1E4C067385E222922C" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923899240" collectionCode="ANIC" collectorName="Monteith, Cook, Roberts" country="Australia" location="Mt. Finnigan summit, via Helenvale" stateProvince="Queensland">
<location id="441EB13BA205ABF18730BB7E8786B476" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B16D5064C3F7FFD613320FD8004E92B:441EB13BA205ABF18730BB7E8786B476" country="Australia" name="Mt. Finnigan summit, via Helenvale" stateProvince="Queensland">Mt. Finnigan summit, via Helenvale</location>
(
<collectorName id="63392A08E77DCE1839F92C5F31922623">Monteith, Cook &amp; Roberts</collectorName>
) (
<collectionCode id="97F49BB286207D98C1AE18F7F23B2556" collectionName="Australia, Australian Capital Territory, Canberra City, CSIRO, Australian National Insect Collection">ANIC</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="7D83B6A0BE73501D6EF785746F4AB914" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923899236" collectionCode="QM" collectorName="ANZSES Expedition" country="Australia" latitude="-15.883333" location="Mt Misery road, 730 m" longitude="145.216667" stateProvince="Queensland">
<location id="6E69FC65506101D0E6849B6BA5DCD6FF" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B16D5064C3F7FFD613320FD8004E92B:6E69FC65506101D0E6849B6BA5DCD6FF" country="Australia" latitude="-15.883333" name="Mt Misery road" stateProvince="Queensland">Mt Misery road</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="66D559C3E98CDF394961681ACBC6B399" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-15.883333">15°53'S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="7F288F760A08A62055E8FDFA8FD8E607">145°13E</geoCoordinate>
,
<location id="4F99A2C5C06DA678F261528F3A0F4860" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B16D5064C3F7FFD613320FD8004E92B:4F99A2C5C06DA678F261528F3A0F4860" country="Australia" latitude="-15.883333" name="730 m" stateProvince="Queensland">730m</location>
(
<collectorName id="CE09CED0DE572C49D23A717A6C9DBD74">ANZSES Expedition</collectorName>
) (
<collectionCode id="76ECAFAA86497B9E26EDDDD286DF4523" collectionName="Australia, Queensland, South Brisbane, Queensland Museum">QM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation id="D25FA03433EDE77B8D873AC3EB36082F" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="923899234" collectionCode="QM" collectorName="ANZSES Expedition" country="Australia" latitude="-15.883333" location="Mt Misery road. 500-850 m" longitude="145.216667" stateProvince="Queensland">
<location id="A66283B99FC4CCD2A9CC946DA8BF4497" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B16D5064C3F7FFD613320FD8004E92B:A66283B99FC4CCD2A9CC946DA8BF4497" country="Australia" latitude="-15.883333" name="Mt Misery road" stateProvince="Queensland">Mt Misery road</location>
,
<geoCoordinate id="673174511F2B7A84200DE20949F24374" direction="south" orientation="latitude" value="-15.883333">15°53'S</geoCoordinate>
<geoCoordinate id="B6C60F0C61D34F57DE939A4FC928C15C">145°13E</geoCoordinate>
,
<location id="047D56D4AD939705E7BA7328EC027247" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B16D5064C3F7FFD613320FD8004E92B:047D56D4AD939705E7BA7328EC027247" country="Australia" latitude="-15.883333" name="500 - 850 m" stateProvince="Queensland">500-850m</location>
(
<collectorName id="9DDD6725F9A1EF390DA9A59786AD89F5">ANZSES Expedition</collectorName>
) (
<collectionCode id="C1806F798A2F3DA350B14EF7681D71E2" collectionName="Australia, Queensland, South Brisbane, Queensland Museum">QM</collectionCode>
)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="6D34CA5D2ED30F1850DF81F083E537CD" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="80457C5B3E88443DB656334191282D9C" pageNumber="16">
Comments. This species is unusual in that it is only the second species of
<taxonomicName id="CBE05C2A12E9EF085E6A10C0B219238D" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:2414" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Camponotus Mayr" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Camponotus</taxonomicName>
known to have a metapleural gland, the other being the South-east Asian
<taxonomicName id="52163188F93D79F7C4AE8B406F9286DF" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:26743" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Camponotus gigas (Latreille)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gigas">C. gigas</taxonomicName>
. The opening to the gland is large and highly visible, in fact as large as any known in the ants. This is especially noteworthy as none of the other species examined here show any indication of a metapleural gland being present. Also,
<taxonomicName id="E81C3CCE37234B2B95677EDE801447BB" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:187820" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Camponotus thadeus Shattuck" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thadeus">thadeus</taxonomicName>
is morphologically distinct from
<taxonomicName id="C0653783F4069449F3BEF583EFCE74B0" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:26743" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Camponotus gigas (Latreille)" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="gigas">gigas</taxonomicName>
, sharing few characters with it and with little indication that they are closely related. It is therefore highly likely that this gland has reappeared independently in these two taxa.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A0D68711CFF54BC9964CD1D49D685090" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="A40E08133CDA550D781B692EFEF5EA7D" pageNumber="16">The following observations were made by Angela Shuetrim (pers. comm.) while collecting the type series on Mt. Finnigan, Queensland:</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="AC14492A57995D5AAD2A6C3C72DA6033" type="description">
<caption id="FD940802A192A9E0D41D6FA2A91CCF8E">
<paragraph id="E657B481675147DD02D141A0B85D4E46" pageNumber="17">
<pageStartToken id="C779DCD3060D9B286569566E40BE8AD6" pageNumber="17">FIGURES</pageStartToken>
22-24.
<taxonomicName id="BA9A6D5053A721F803EC9F0A81F3BDEF" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:187820" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Camponotus thadeus Shattuck" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thadeus">C. thadeus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="305A43C37B6BE069187F284429FDBF57" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
, minor worker. Fig. 22, front of head; Fig. 23, dorsum of mesosoma; Fig. 24, side of body.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="69E580FB01CEC6EDCD5D3A7A43DFC376" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="800EFFD9478E425ED364ED3542A6A6DE" pageNumber="18">&quot;These ants are arboreal based on the nest I found. Nests are very difficult to locate but I was lucky enough to find one in a hollow cavity in a tree. The locality was in rainforest at high elevation, the lowest elevation where I found them being approximately 880m, and I never came across them in lowland rainforest areas. The vegetation changes frequently as you walk up the mountain and when you get to the right spot, and weather conditions are good, they can be found in high numbers running up trees along trails, and scattered across the rainforest floor.&quot;</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSection id="22753394BBD60773EDD11337CA709851" type="multiple">
<subSubSection id="9C767E11D62261C118011B8556461999" type="description">
<caption id="FBADE3BB81E7ECC2910DBCF0AC3F36D7">
<paragraph id="EE3EE43112EB201EF464DB293AC5F3AD" pageNumber="18">
FIGURES 25-26.
<taxonomicName id="80B6795A06D06D0DACF99A8E9105EEE9" LSID-HNS="urn:lsid:biosci.ohio-state.edu:osuc_concepts:187820" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Camponotus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName-HNS="Camponotus thadeus Shattuck" order="Hymenoptera" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="thadeus">C. thadeus</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="BE1647987596B3720AE3C2162277FFD6" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
, minor worker. Fig. 25, enlarged hairs on dorsum of gaster; Fig. 26, lateral view of propodeum showing propodeal spiracle and metapleural gland opening.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
</subSection>
</treatment>
</document>