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<document id="1CA90A25F60BE3DE512DDEE73B42275F" ID-CLB-Dataset="22639" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4521.1.1" ID-GBIF-Dataset="350c62d2-023a-49db-9031-737523862d4a" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3770241" ID-ZooBank="D2096E74-49D8-4235-B26C-2C97170DBDC7" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1588001539070" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Gullan, Penny J., Kondo, Takumasa, Fiala, Brigitte &amp; Quek, Swee-Peck" docDate="2018" docId="3B0287A4FF83FFFBFF0CFA8DFDB84773" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.4521.1.1.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 4521 (1)" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Coccus macarangicolus Takahashi" docType="treatment" docVersion="7" lastPageNumber="30" masterDocId="C73BFFDCFF9BFFE6FF9BFFF4FFA74616" masterDocTitle="Taxonomy of coccids (Hemiptera: Coccidae: Coccus L.) associated with Crematogaster ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the stems of Macaranga plants (Euphorbiaceae) in Southeast Asia" masterLastPageNumber="51" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="25" updateTime="1698837106107" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:title id="C7E684FFBDCF9DA20A2175734AB173D0">Taxonomy of coccids (Hemiptera: Coccidae: Coccus L.) associated with Crematogaster ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the stems of Macaranga plants (Euphorbiaceae) in Southeast Asia</mods:title>
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<mods:name id="4FB85F7ACE6C4BDBD731E03726184D5C" type="personal">
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<mods:namePart id="89B41AC12EBFBDC4A02556F07C325D06">Gullan, Penny J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="EEAE2A3D665EA10BC6FCF2DC95A86D2C">Division of Ecology &amp; Evolution, Research School of Biology, College of Science, The Australian National University, Acton, Canberra, A. C. T. 2601, Australia. E-mail: penelope. gullan @ anu. edu. au</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="BC6F03D19178C7AF2BF3C29D9DD3A45E">Kondo, Takumasa</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="040DBBEE83FDD04217174310C06727CA">Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (Agrosavia), Centro de Investigación Palmira, Calle 23, Carrera 37 Continuo al Penal, Palmira, Valle, Colombia. E-mail: tkondo @ agrosavia. co</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="E75DE33D085A6411053B57B18B9DF8B1">Fiala, Brigitte</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="BBCE192F455EA88C180AA030725F9B86">Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany. Email: fiala @ biozentrum. uni-wuerzburg. de</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="183C940228E49653E967EE4527C43B22">Quek, Swee-Peck</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="39B5BF963529F30DD9079D07C89B5E93">Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley 94720, U. S. A. E-mail: queksp @ gmail. com</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:title id="B9874345784C0AC480E4E7AAB2C72223">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="33210581EE99BD60218E281070FDD9DA">2018</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="0CB5324F5C71B41CB504CA6B6CBCDB21">4521</mods:number>
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<treatment id="3B0287A4FF83FFFBFF0CFA8DFDB84773" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3798930" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163754749" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3798930" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B0287A4FF83FFFBFF0CFA8DFDB84773" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3B0287A4FF83FFFBFF0CFA8DFDB84773" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<subSubSection id="FBB16539FF83FFFEFF0CFA8DFC1343A3" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF83FFFEFF0CFA8DFD9A4385" blockId="24.[151,948,1401,1496]" box="[151,573,1401,1427]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<heading id="E85C81DEFF83FFFEFF0CFA8DFD9A4385" bold="true" box="[151,573,1401,1427]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF83FFFEFF0CFA8DFD9A4385" ID-CoL="WMMC" authority="Takahashi" authorityName="Takahashi" box="[151,573,1401,1427]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macarangicolus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF83FFFEFF0CFA8DFD9A4385" bold="true" box="[151,573,1401,1427]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF83FFFEFF0CFA8DFE1F4385" bold="true" box="[151,440,1401,1427]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Coccus macarangicolus</emphasis>
Takahashi
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF83FFFEFF0CFA68FC1343A3" blockId="24.[151,948,1401,1496]" box="[151,948,1436,1461]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<uri id="C73A3AB0FF83FFFEFF0CFA68FC1343A3" box="[151,948,1436,1461]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="C70D0C67FF83FFFEFE33FA68FC1343A3" box="[424,948,1436,1461]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">9873F7EA-9473-4B56-B276-4B26D519309F</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBB16539FF83FFFEFF0CFA4BFF4C43CE" box="[151,235,1471,1496]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="description">
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF83FFFEFF0CFA4BFF4C43CE" blockId="24.[151,948,1401,1496]" box="[151,235,1471,1496]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
(
<figureCitation id="2B902A37FF83FFFEFF04FA4BFF4443CE" box="[159,227,1471,1496]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="27.[151,250,2008,2030]" captionTargetBox="[189,1404,222,1956]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[151,1436,185,1985]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 9. Adult female of Coccus macarangicolus Takahashi. Abbreviations as in Fig. 3." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3770259" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3770259/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBB16539FF83FFFEFF0CF9FDFDC34008" box="[151,612,1544,1566]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF83FFFEFF0CF9FDFDC34008" blockId="24.[151,612,1544,1566]" box="[151,612,1544,1566]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93BB119CFF83FFFEFF0CF9FDFDC34008" box="[151,612,1544,1566]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<treatmentCitation id="320A10A3FF83FFFEFF0CF9FDFDF84008" author="Takahashi, R." box="[151,607,1544,1566]" page="14" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" year="1952">
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF83FFFEFF0CF9FDFDF84008" ID-CoL="WMMC" authority="Takahashi, 1952: 14" authorityName="Takahashi" authorityPageNumber="14" authorityYear="1952" box="[151,607,1544,1566]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macarangicolus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF83FFFEFF0CF9FDFE2C4008" box="[151,395,1544,1566]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Coccus macarangicolus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D73A4B43FF83FFFEFE0AF9FCFDF84008" author="Takahashi, R." box="[401,607,1544,1566]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="9 - 17" refId="ref47433" refString="Takahashi, R. (1952) Some species of nondiaspine scale insects from the Malay Peninsula. Insecta Matsumurana, 18, 9 - 17." type="journal article" year="1952">Takahashi, 1952: 14</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBB16539FF83FFFAFF0CF9BEFCC14063" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF83FFFEFF0CF9BEFCC341F9" blockId="24.[151,1436,1610,2031]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF83FFFEFF0CF9BEFDF44075" bold="true" box="[151,595,1610,1635]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
Type material examined.
<typeStatus id="6C108810FF83FFFEFE47F9BEFDF44075" box="[476,595,1610,1635]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="lectotype">Lectotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
(here designated): adult female,
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF83FFFEFC7CF9BEFAEC4075" bold="true" box="[999,1355,1610,1635]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
PENINSULAR
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF83FFFEFB37F9BEFAE14075" box="[1196,1350,1610,1635]" name="Malaysia" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">MALAYSIA</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF83FFFEFAC2F9BEFF544090" country="Malaysia" name="Kuala Lumpur" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Kuala Lumpur</collectingRegion>
, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF83FFFEFEBAF99BFE034090" box="[289,420,1647,1670]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF83FFFEFEBAF99BFE034090" box="[289,420,1647,1670]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Macaranga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7151072FF83FFFEFE28F99AFDE94091" box="[435,590,1646,1671]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" value="1944-03-26">26 Mar. 1944</date>
, coll. R. Takahashi, BMNH 1955-812, 1(1) (
<collectionCode id="D5BAAE77FF83FFFEFBD2F99BFB044091" box="[1097,1187,1647,1671]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">BMNH</collectionCode>
). Originally, this slide was deposited in the
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF83FFFEFE07F966FDA740BD" box="[412,512,1682,1707]" country="Malaysia" name="Selangor" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Selangor</collectingRegion>
Museum,
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF83FFFEFD18F966FC9740BC" box="[643,816,1682,1707]" country="Malaysia" name="Kuala Lumpur" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Kuala Lumpur</collectingRegion>
, Malaysia, but after the loss of that institution, the remaining insect collections were sent to the BMNH in 1955, as documented by
<bibRefCitation id="D73A4B43FF83FFFEFBADF942FB5540D9" author="Williams, D. J." box="[1078,1266,1718,1743]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="598 - 600" refId="ref48020" refString="Williams, D. J. (2017) The change of depository of a collection of scale insects by Ryoichi Takahashi (Hemiptera: Sternorrhyncha: Coccomorpha). Zootaxa, 4358 (3), 598 - 600. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 4358.3.13" type="journal article" year="2017">Williams (2017)</bibRefCitation>
. Takahashi did not specify how many slides were prepared, but his description appears to have been based on a single adult female, which almost certainly is the one now in the BMNH. We believe that no other
<typeStatus id="6C108810FF83FFFEFB71F90BFAEB4101" box="[1258,1356,1791,1815]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="syntype">syntypes</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF83FFFEFA19F90BFEEB412D" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macarangicolus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF83FFFEFA19F90BFEEB412D" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">C. macarangicolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
exist. We have checked for other Takahashi specimens of this species in the Department of Agriculture Malaysia in
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF83FFFEFE32F8B2FDE84148" box="[425,591,1862,1887]" country="Malaysia" name="Kuala Lumpur" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Kuala Lumpur</collectingRegion>
, where some of Takahashi's mealybug specimens are deposited (
<bibRefCitation id="D73A4B43FF83FFFEFABBF8B2FF5D4195" author="Sartiami, D. &amp; Watson, G. W. &amp; Mohamad Roff, M. N. &amp; Idriss, A. B." pageId="24" pageNumber="25" pagination="91 - 114" refId="ref47324" refString="Sartiami, D., Watson, G. W., Mohamad Roff, M. N. &amp; Idriss, A. B. (2017) A taxonomic update of Takahashi's historic collection of mealybugs (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) from Malaysia and Singapore. Serangga, 22 (2), 91 - 114." type="journal article" year="2017">
Sartiami
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF83FFFEFA13F8B3FF0A4195" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">et al</emphasis>
. 2017
</bibRefCitation>
), as well as in the Forest Research Institute Malaysia in
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF83FFFEFC0AF89EFB9F4194" box="[913,1080,1898,1923]" country="Malaysia" name="Kuala Lumpur" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Kuala Lumpur</collectingRegion>
and in digital databases at the Taiwan Agriculture Research Institute in Taiwan and the University of Hokkaido in Japan. The envelope of the BMNH
<typeStatus id="6C108810FF83FFFEFF68F847FEED41DD" box="[243,330,1971,1995]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
has a handwritten note: “Probably young of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF83FFFEFCDDF847FB9E41DD" authority="Morr." authorityName="Morr." box="[838,1081,1971,1995]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macarangae">C. macarangae Morr.</taxonomicName>
”; TK determined this specimen to be an adult female as it has multilocular pores near the vulva.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E7D4663AFF82FFFFFF0CF822FBAA41FA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3770255" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3770255" box="[151,1037,2006,2028]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3770255/files/figure.png" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" startId="25.[151,250,2006,2028]" targetBox="[191,1411,231,1967]" targetPageId="25">
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF82FFFFFF0CF822FBAA41FA" blockId="25.[151,1037,2006,2028]" box="[151,1037,2006,2028]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF82FFFFFF0CF822FEB541FA" bold="true" box="[151,274,2006,2028]" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">FIGURE 7.</emphasis>
Adult female of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF82FFFFFE24F823FD5C41FA" authority="Morrison." authorityName="Morrison." box="[447,763,2006,2028]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="25" pageNumber="26" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macarangae">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF82FFFFFE24F823FD2941FA" box="[447,654,2007,2028]" italics="true" pageId="25" pageNumber="26">Coccus macarangae</emphasis>
Morrison.
</taxonomicName>
Abbreviations as in Fig. 3.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="E7D4663AFF81FFFCFF0CF86BFDB241E4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3770257" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3770257" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3770257/files/figure.png" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" startId="26.[151,250,1951,1973]" targetBox="[253,1352,231,1918]" targetPageId="26">
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF81FFFCFF0CF86BFDB241E4" blockId="26.[151,1436,1951,2034]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF81FFFCFF0CF86BFEB441A2" bold="true" box="[151,275,1951,1973]" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">FIGURE 8.</emphasis>
First-instar nymph of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF81FFFCFE63F854FC9441A3" authority="Morrison." authorityName="Morrison." box="[504,819,1951,1973]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="26" pageNumber="27" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macarangae">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF81FFFCFE63F854FD6041A3" box="[504,711,1952,1973]" italics="true" pageId="26" pageNumber="27">Coccus macarangae</emphasis>
Morrison.
</taxonomicName>
Abbreviations for enlargements: ar—anal ring; dset—dorsal seta; mset—marginal setae; sp—simple pore; spp—spiracular pore; stgset—stigmatic setae; vcs—ventral cephalic seta; vmicventral microduct; vset—ventral seta.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="E7D4663AFF80FFFDFF0CF82CFB9E41F8" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3770259" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3770259" box="[151,1081,2008,2030]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3770259/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" startId="27.[151,250,2008,2030]" targetBox="[189,1404,222,1956]" targetPageId="27">
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF80FFFDFF0CF82CFB9E41F8" blockId="27.[151,1081,2008,2030]" box="[151,1081,2008,2030]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF80FFFDFF0CF82CFEB541FB" bold="true" box="[151,274,2008,2030]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">FIGURE 9.</emphasis>
Adult female of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF80FFFDFE24F82DFC8041F8" authority="Takahashi." authorityName="Takahashi." box="[447,807,2008,2030]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macarangicolus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF80FFFDFE24F82DFD1441F8" box="[447,691,2008,2030]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Coccus macarangicolus</emphasis>
Takahashi.
</taxonomicName>
Abbreviations as in Fig. 3.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF87FFFAFF5CFF63FEDE470B" blockId="28.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<materialsCitation id="03C33CEFFF87FFFAFF5CFF63FED2470B" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608963732" collectingDate="1944-05-11" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="R. Takahashi" country="Malaysia" location="Ulu Gombak" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" specimenCount="3" stateProvince="Selangor">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF87FFFAFF5CFF63FCC246A6" bold="true" box="[199,869,151,176]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
Other material examined. PENINSULAR
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF87FFFAFD5DFF63FCC646A6" box="[710,865,151,176]" name="Malaysia" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">MALAYSIA</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF87FFFAFCF5FF63FC7446A6" box="[878,979,151,176]" country="Malaysia" name="Selangor" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Selangor</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="B6746069FF87FFFAFC7BFF63FBD146A6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B0287A4FF83FFFBFF0CFA8DFDB84773:B6746069FF87FFFAFC7BFF63FBD146A6" box="[992,1142,151,176]" country="Malaysia" name="Ulu Gombak" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" stateProvince="Selangor">Ulu Gombak</location>
, ex durian,
<date id="C7151072FF87FFFAFB66FF6CFA3F46A6" box="[1277,1432,152,176]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="1944-05-11">
<collectingDate id="D751E99AFF87FFFAFB66FF6CFA3F46A6" box="[1277,1432,152,176]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="1944-05-11">11 May 1944</collectingDate>
</date>
, coll.
<collectorName id="1E5E5364FF87FFFAFF54FF49FEC346C3" box="[207,356,188,213]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">R. Takahashi</collectorName>
, BMNH 1955-812, 1(19) (
<collectionCode id="D5BAAE77FF87FFFAFD0BFF48FD4D46C2" box="[656,746,188,212]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">BMNH</collectionCode>
). Even though this slide as a small circular BMNH label with the word &quot;
<typeStatus id="6C108810FF87FFFAFE94FF14FEE946EE" box="[271,334,224,248]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Type</typeStatus>
&quot;, the specimens are not part of the
<typeStatus id="6C108810FF87FFFAFD76FF14FCBA46EE" box="[749,797,224,248]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">type</typeStatus>
series because they were not mentioned in Takahashi's original description
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF87FFFAFF5CFEDCFC81479E" blockId="28.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF87FFFAFF5CFEDCFD674756" bold="true" box="[199,704,295,320]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF87FFFAFF5CFEDCFEBC4756" box="[199,283,296,320]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF87FFFAFF5CFEDCFEBC4756" bold="true" box="[199,283,296,320]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Coccus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
near
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF87FFFAFEF6FED3FD814756" box="[365,550,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macarangicolus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF87FFFAFEF6FED3FD814756" bold="true" box="[365,550,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">macarangicolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: BORNEO:
</emphasis>
West Kalimantan, Siduk to Nanga Tayap, low elevation, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF87FFFAFF0CFEB9FE0C4773" box="[151,427,332,357]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="velutiniflora">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF87FFFAFF0CFEB9FE0C4773" box="[151,427,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Macaranga velutiniflora</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7151072FF87FFFAFE21FEB8FDF44772" box="[442,595,332,356]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="2002-06-21">21 June 2002</date>
, coll. S.-P. Quek, SPQ.392, DNA voucher 1(1);
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF87FFFAFBE8FEB8FB714773" box="[1139,1238,332,357]" name="Malaysia" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
,
<quantity id="74539B57FF87FFFAFB7AFEB8FABC4773" box="[1249,1307,332,357]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="km" value="8.0">8 km</quantity>
Lambir, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF87FFFAFF0CFE85FE15479E" authority=", Dec. 1992" authorityName="Dec." authorityYear="1992" box="[151,434,367,392]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="havilandii">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF87FFFAFF0CFE85FE8A479E" box="[151,301,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">M. havilandii</emphasis>
, Dec. 1992
</taxonomicName>
, coll. H.-P. Heckroth, #170, 2(2).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF87FFFAFF5CFE60FA8D44BE" blockId="28.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF87FFFAFF5CFE60FEA147BB" bold="true" box="[199,262,404,429]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Note.</emphasis>
The original description (
<bibRefCitation id="D73A4B43FF87FFFAFDB5FE60FCAA47BB" author="Takahashi, R." box="[558,781,404,429]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="9 - 17" refId="ref47433" refString="Takahashi, R. (1952) Some species of nondiaspine scale insects from the Malay Peninsula. Insecta Matsumurana, 18, 9 - 17." type="journal article" year="1952">Takahashi 1952: 15</bibRefCitation>
) refers to “
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF87FFFAFC14FE60FB9E47BA" box="[911,1081,404,429]" country="Malaysia" name="Kuala Lumpur" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Kuala Lumpur</collectingRegion>
, a few specimens, in hollow of the stems of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF87FFFAFEA8FE4DFDA947C6" box="[307,526,439,464]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="triloba">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF87FFFAFEA8FE4DFDA947C6" box="[307,526,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Macaranga triloba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<date id="C7151072FF87FFFAFDB9FE43FD0247C6" box="[546,677,439,464]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" value="1944-03-26">26.III.1944</date>
). Associated with
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF87FFFAFC1AFE4CFB8F47D9" authorityName="Lund" authorityYear="1831" box="[897,1064,440,463]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF87FFFAFC1AFE4CFB8F47D9" box="[897,1064,440,463]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Crematogaster</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
inhabiting the host plant.” The correct identity of the host should be
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF87FFFAFDD4FE29FD7F47E3" box="[591,728,476,501]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bancana">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF87FFFAFDD4FE29FD7F47E3" box="[591,728,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">M. bancana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(refer to M&amp;M). One slide from the BMNH has specimens, which were collected by Takahashi from durian (
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF87FFFAFD4CFDF5FCBD440E" box="[727,794,513,536]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" genus="Durio" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF87FFFAFD4CFDF5FCBD440E" box="[727,794,513,536]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Durio</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp.,
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF87FFFAFCCDFE0BFC73440E" box="[854,980,511,536]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Malvaceae</taxonomicName>
), that were determined to belong to
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF87FFFAFA19FDF4FEEB442B" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macarangicolus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF87FFFAFA19FDF4FEEB442B" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">C. macarangicolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by TK and PJG. The latter specimens are not mentioned by
<bibRefCitation id="D73A4B43FF87FFFAFC6AFDD0FB10442B" author="Takahashi, R." box="[1009,1207,548,573]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="9 - 17" refId="ref47433" refString="Takahashi, R. (1952) Some species of nondiaspine scale insects from the Malay Peninsula. Insecta Matsumurana, 18, 9 - 17." type="journal article" year="1952">Takahashi (1952)</bibRefCitation>
. There are no recent collections of this species from near the type locality of
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF87FFFAFCC1FDB3FBAF4449" box="[858,1032,583,608]" country="Malaysia" name="Kuala Lumpur" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Kuala Lumpur</collectingRegion>
. Specimens identified as
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF87FFFAFAD8FDBCFAFA4449" box="[1347,1373,584,607]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">C.</emphasis>
near
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF87FFFAFF0CFD98FEEB4493" box="[151,332,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macarangicolus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF87FFFAFF0CFD98FEEB4493" box="[151,332,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">macarangicolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are all from Borneo and they are discussed below under ‘Comments’. The description of the adult female is here based on the one available Takahashi specimen, which is designated here as the
<typeStatus id="6C108810FF87FFFAFB27FD7BFA8044BE" box="[1212,1319,655,680]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF87FFFAFF5CFD40FD5444E6" blockId="28.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF87FFFAFF5CFD40FE6D44DB" bold="true" box="[199,458,692,717]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Unmounted material.</emphasis>
“Yellow in life. Circular, a little convex dorsally, but oval and distinctly longer than wide when mounted on slides.” (
<bibRefCitation id="D73A4B43FF87FFFAFD9DFD23FD4244E6" author="Takahashi, R." box="[518,741,727,752]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="9 - 17" refId="ref47433" refString="Takahashi, R. (1952) Some species of nondiaspine scale insects from the Malay Peninsula. Insecta Matsumurana, 18, 9 - 17." type="journal article" year="1952">Takahashi 1952: 14</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF87FFFAFF5CFD08FB744503" blockId="28.[151,1437,151,2013]" box="[199,1235,764,789]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF87FFFAFF5CFD08FDB74503" bold="true" box="[199,528,764,789]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Slide-mounted adult female</emphasis>
(n=1;
<figureCitation id="2B902A37FF87FFFAFDC0FD08FD3A4502" box="[603,669,764,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="27.[151,250,2008,2030]" captionTargetBox="[189,1404,222,1956]" captionTargetId="figure@27.[151,1436,185,1985]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 9. Adult female of Coccus macarangicolus Takahashi. Abbreviations as in Fig. 3." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3770259" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3770259/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
). Body elongate oval,
<quantity id="74539B57FF87FFFAFC07FD08FC554502" box="[924,1010,764,788]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="1.8">1.8 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="74539B57FF87FFFAFBA3FD08FB294502" box="[1080,1166,764,788]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="1.4">1.4 mm</quantity>
wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF87FFFAFF5CFCD5FBC2426B" blockId="28.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF87FFFAFF5CFCD5FE8E452E" box="[199,297,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Dorsum.</emphasis>
Derm (dd) membranous, areolated, with lightly sclerotised irregular submarginal lines radiating inwards at right angles to margin. Dorsal setae (dset) slender, each
<quantity id="74539B57FF87FFFAFC00FCB0FBA6454B" box="[923,1025,836,861]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="8.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="7.0">7–10 µm</quantity>
long, with apex rounded to slightly knobbed, scattered on dorsum. Simple pores (sp) each 2.0–
<quantity id="74539B57FF87FFFAFCABFC93FCD84596" box="[816,895,871,896]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 µm</quantity>
wide, scattered evenly on dorsum. Preopercular pores (pop) each
<quantity id="74539B57FF87FFFAFEFAFC78FE1E45B3" box="[353,441,908,933]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="5.0">5–8 µm</quantity>
wide,
<quantity id="74539B57FF87FFFAFD90FC78FDE145B3" box="[523,582,908,933]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="in" value="30.0">30 in</quantity>
total number, present in a longitudinal line anterior to anal plates. Dorsal microducts (dmic) in areolations each about
<quantity id="74539B57FF87FFFAFD17FC44FD6145DE" box="[652,710,944,968]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 µm</quantity>
wide, appearing bilocular under high magnification. Anal plates (anplt) each triangular, anterolateral margin 1.1 times longer than posterolateral margin and posterolateral margin slightly convex, length of each plate 1.3 times width, inner lobes normal, with a tessellated texture, each plate
<quantity id="74539B57FF87FFFAFAE9FC0CFF1B4223" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="130.0">130 µm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="74539B57FF87FFFAFE9DFBE8FEF74223" box="[262,336,1052,1077]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.8" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="78.0">78 µm</quantity>
wide, anterolateral margin
<quantity id="74539B57FF87FFFAFD17FBE8FD434223" box="[652,740,1052,1077]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="100.0">100 µm</quantity>
long, posterolateral margin
<quantity id="74539B57FF87FFFAFBBCFBE8FBD64223" box="[1063,1137,1052,1077]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.8" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="88.0">88 µm</quantity>
long; each plate with 4–5 dorsal setae, each seta up to
<quantity id="74539B57FF87FFFAFE44FBB4FD8D424E" box="[479,554,1088,1112]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 µm</quantity>
long. Anal ring (ar) probably bearing 10 setae [
<bibRefCitation id="D73A4B43FF87FFFAFBCBFBCBFAE3424E" author="Takahashi, R." box="[1104,1348,1087,1112]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="9 - 17" refId="ref47433" refString="Takahashi, R. (1952) Some species of nondiaspine scale insects from the Malay Peninsula. Insecta Matsumurana, 18, 9 - 17." type="journal article" year="1952">Takahashi (1952: 15)</bibRefCitation>
said &quot;6 stout setae&quot; but he probably only saw the 3 pairs of robust setae], each
<quantity id="74539B57FF87FFFAFC2AFB90FB83426B" box="[945,1060,1124,1149]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.75" metricValueMax="9.5" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="87.5" valueMax="95.0" valueMin="80.0">80–95 µm</quantity>
long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF87FFFAFF5CFB7DFD6F431B" blockId="28.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF87FFFAFF5CFB7DFE8542B6" box="[199,290,1161,1184]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Margin.</emphasis>
Eyespots not detected. Marginal setae (mset) sharply spinose, present in 1 row, each seta
<quantity id="74539B57FF87FFFAFAB2FB7CFA3B42B7" box="[1321,1436,1160,1185]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="14.0" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="10.0">10–18 µm</quantity>
long, with 12–14 setae between anterior and posterior stigmatic areas on each side of body. Stigmatic setae (stgset) well developed, sharply spinose with pointed to rounded apices, numbering 3 (rarely 4), median setae longest, each
<quantity id="74539B57FF87FFFAFF0CFB00FEAE431B" box="[151,265,1268,1293]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.85" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="28.5" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="27.0">27–30 µm</quantity>
long, lateral setae each
<quantity id="74539B57FF87FFFAFD8DFB00FD2F431B" box="[534,648,1268,1293]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="15.0" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="12.0">12–18 µm</quantity>
long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF87FFFAFF5CFAEDFCC14063" blockId="28.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF87FFFAFF5CFAEDFEB74326" box="[199,272,1305,1328]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Venter.</emphasis>
Derm membranous. Ventral setae (vset) slender, with some medial to submedial abdominal setae longest, each
<quantity id="74539B57FF87FFFAFEAAFAC8FE044343" box="[305,419,1340,1365]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="27.5" valueMax="38.0" valueMin="17.0">17–38 µm</quantity>
long, elsewhere shorter, each
<quantity id="74539B57FF87FFFAFD63FAC8FCFB4343" box="[760,860,1340,1365]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="12.5" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="7.0">7–18 µm</quantity>
long. Interantennal setae in 2 pairs, each seta up to
<quantity id="74539B57FF87FFFAFF0CFA94FF46436F" box="[151,225,1376,1401]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="18.0">18 µm</quantity>
long. Ventral tubular ducts (vtd) present in a broad submarginal band; each duct with outer ductule
<quantity id="74539B57FF87FFFAFACDFAABFF1A438B" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="16.5" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="15.0">15–18 µm</quantity>
long, inner ductule up
<quantity id="74539B57FF87FFFAFE5BFA70FDAE438B" box="[448,521,1412,1437]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="18.0">18 µm</quantity>
long, and duct opening about
<quantity id="74539B57FF87FFFAFCC6FA70FC30438B" box="[861,919,1412,1437]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 µm</quantity>
wide. Ventral microducts (vmic) each about
<quantity id="74539B57FF87FFFAFA15FA70FF1B43D7" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 µm</quantity>
wide, scattered fairly evenly on venter. Pregenital disc-pores (pgp) each with 8–10 loculi, each pore
<quantity id="74539B57FF87FFFAFADFFA53FA3B43D7" box="[1348,1436,1447,1473]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="6.0">6–7 µm</quantity>
wide. Antennae (ant) 7 segmented, each ~
<quantity id="74539B57FF87FFFAFDF1FA38FD6743F3" box="[618,704,1484,1509]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="200.0">200 µm</quantity>
long; fleshy setae present on last 3 segments. Clypeolabral shield ~
<quantity id="74539B57FF87FFFAFF3EFA04FF59401F" box="[165,254,1520,1545]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="210.0">210 µm</quantity>
long and ~
<quantity id="74539B57FF87FFFAFEE5FA04FE71401F" box="[382,470,1520,1545]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.08" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="208.0">208 µm</quantity>
wide; labium not measured. Legs with hind trochanter + femur
<quantity id="74539B57FF87FFFAFB35FA1BFA86401F" box="[1198,1313,1519,1545]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.1" metricValueMax="9.5" metricValueMin="8.7" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="91.0" valueMax="95.0" valueMin="87.0">87–95 µm</quantity>
long; hind tibia + tarsus
<quantity id="74539B57FF87FFFAFEAAF9E0FE16403B" box="[305,433,1556,1581]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.035" metricValueMax="1.15" metricValueMin="0.9199999999999999" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="103.5" valueMax="115.0" valueMin="92.0">92–115 µm</quantity>
long; all tarsal digitules each
<quantity id="74539B57FF87FFFAFC9FF9E0FCDF403B" box="[772,888,1556,1581]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="26.0" valueMax="27.0" valueMin="25.0">25–27 µm</quantity>
long; claw digitules each
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long, claws each ~
<quantity id="74539B57FF87FFFAFF7BF9CCFE8F4047" box="[224,296,1592,1617]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="18.0">18 µm</quantity>
long. Spiracles normal: anterior peritremes each
<quantity id="74539B57FF87FFFAFCD6F9C3FC184047" box="[845,959,1591,1617]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" metricValueMax="5.8" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" unit="mm" value="54.0" valueMax="58.0" valueMin="50.0">50–58 µm</quantity>
wide; posterior peritremes each
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wide. Spiracular pores (spp) each
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wide, with 4–7 loculi.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBB16539FF87FFFBFF5CF98BFDB84773" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF87FFFAFF5CF98BFCAB413E" blockId="28.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF87FFFAFF5CF98BFEE8408E" bold="true" box="[199,335,1663,1688]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Comments.</emphasis>
Adult females
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF87FFFAFE60F974FD4A408E" box="[507,749,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF87FFFAFD8CF974FD4A408E" box="[535,749,1663,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macarangicolus">C. macarangicolus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
can be distinguished from all other species of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF87FFFAFB6DF974FAEF4081" box="[1270,1352,1664,1687]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF87FFFAFB6DF974FAEF4081" box="[1270,1352,1664,1687]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Coccus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
known from
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF87FFFAFF4FF951FEF040AA" box="[212,343,1701,1724]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF87FFFAFF4FF951FEF040AA" box="[212,343,1701,1724]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Macaranga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by the presence of short (
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) dorsal setae each with a rounded or knobbed apex. The adult females of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF87FFFAFE8EF93CFE4D40F6" box="[277,490,1735,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macarangicolus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF87FFFAFE8EF93CFE4D40F6" box="[277,490,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">C. macarangicolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are most similar to the adult females of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF87FFFAFC2CF93CFBE340F6" box="[951,1092,1735,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circularis">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF87FFFAFC2CF93CFBE340F6" box="[951,1092,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">C. circularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF87FFFAFBE7F93CFA8D40F6" box="[1148,1322,1736,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macarangae">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF87FFFAFBE7F93CFA8D40F6" box="[1148,1322,1736,1760]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">C. macarangae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having fewer than 8 setae on each anal plate and having the marginal setae in a single row, but differ in that the marginal setae of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF87FFFAFF6FF8E4FE6D413E" box="[244,458,1807,1832]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macarangicolus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF87FFFAFF6FF8E4FE6D413E" box="[244,458,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">C. macarangicolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
never have fimbriate apices.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF87FFFBFF5CF8C0FEAF46EE" blockId="28.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="29.[151,1436,151,357]" lastPageId="29" lastPageNumber="30" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
Adult females identified as
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF87FFFAFD89F8C1FD82415A" box="[530,549,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">C</emphasis>
. near
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF87FFFAFDEEF8C0FC8D415B" box="[629,810,1844,1869]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macarangicolus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF87FFFAFDEEF8C0FC8D415B" box="[629,810,1844,1869]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">macarangicolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are from Borneo (lowland, near coastal localities in
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF87FFFAFF0CF8A3FF504166" box="[151,247,1879,1904]" name="Malaysia" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
and West Kalimantan) and we consider them to represent disjunct populations of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF87FFFAFB10F8ACFAF84166" box="[1163,1375,1879,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macarangicolus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF87FFFAFB10F8ACFAF84166" box="[1163,1375,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">C. macarangicolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. One of the latter females is DNA voucher specimen SPQ.392 that was placed as sister to the
<typeStatus id="6C108810FF87FFFAFBE9F888FB734183" box="[1138,1236,1916,1941]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF87FFFAFB61F889FA3B4183" authorityName="Gullan &amp; Kondo" authorityYear="2018" box="[1274,1436,1916,1941]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lambirensis">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF87FFFAFB61F889FA3B4183" box="[1274,1436,1916,1941]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">C. lambirensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in figure 3 of
<bibRefCitation id="D73A4B43FF87FFFAFEABF854FE5841AE" author="Quek, S. P. &amp; Ueda, S. &amp; Gullan, P. J. &amp; Kondo, T. &amp; Hattori, M. &amp; Itioka, T. &amp; Murase, K. &amp; Itino, T." box="[304,511,1952,1977]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="818 - 835" refId="ref47225" refString="Quek, S. P., Ueda, S., Gullan, P. J., Kondo, T., Hattori, M., Itioka, T., Murase, K. &amp; Itino, T. (2017) Nuclear-DNA-based species delineations of Coccus scale insects in symbiosis with plants and ants, and the role of plant epicuticular wax in structuring associations. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 120 (4), 818 - 835. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / bij. 12917" type="journal article" year="2017">
Quek
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF87FFFAFEE8F855FE0441AF" box="[371,419,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">et al</emphasis>
. (2017)
</bibRefCitation>
, but the two specimens are quite distinct morphologically. The Bornean specimens of
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF87FFFAFF2DF831FF6E41CA" box="[182,201,1989,2012]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">C</emphasis>
. near
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF87FFFAFE94F830FE6441CB" box="[271,451,1988,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macarangicolus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF87FFFAFE94F830FE6441CB" box="[271,451,1988,2013]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">macarangicolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are very similar to the
<typeStatus id="6C108810FF87FFFAFD50F830FC9641CB" box="[715,817,1988,2013]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="lectotype">lectotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF87FFFAFCC3F831FB8841CB" box="[856,1071,1988,2013]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macarangicolus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF87FFFAFCC3F831FB8841CB" box="[856,1071,1988,2013]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">C. macarangicolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but differ in having fewer (4–8) preopercular pores that are of two sizes (
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and 2.5–3.0 µm). Given the very few specimens of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF86FFFBFA19FF6CFEEB46C3" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macarangicolus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF86FFFBFA19FF6CFEEB46C3" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">C. macarangicolus</emphasis>
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available to allow study of variation, we have restricted the redescription to Takahashi's type specimen.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF86FFFBFF5CFEF0FDB84773" blockId="29.[151,1436,151,357]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">
<bibRefCitation id="D73A4B43FF86FFFBFF5CFEF0FE1B470A" author="Heckroth, H. - P. &amp; Fiala, B. &amp; Gullan, P. J. &amp; Idris, A. H. &amp; Maschwitz, U." box="[199,444,260,285]" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" pagination="427 - 443" refId="ref45661" refString="Heckroth, H. - P., Fiala, B., Gullan, P. J., Idris, A. H. &amp; Maschwitz, U. (1998) The soft scale (Coccidae) associates of Malaysian ant-plants. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 14, 427 - 443. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0266467498000327" type="journal article" year="1998">
Heckroth
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF86FFFBFEACFEF1FECD470B" box="[311,362,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">et al</emphasis>
. (1998
</bibRefCitation>
, table 2) listed
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF86FFFBFDF7FEF1FCE5470B" box="[620,834,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="29" pageNumber="30" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macarangicolus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF86FFFBFDF7FEF1FCE5470B" box="[620,834,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">C. macarangicolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
almost entirely from secondary forest in Borneo and Peninsular
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF86FFFBFE8DFED3FE274756" box="[278,384,295,320]" name="Malaysia" pageId="29" pageNumber="30">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
, although there were very few records of it and we have not seen any of the specimens that Heckroth identified as this species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<treatment id="3B0287A4FF88FFF3FF0CF9C3FC4C40AA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3798936" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163754747" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3798936" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:CBBDC76D-0BBC-4E83-86C3-9BB452F41D79" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3B0287A4FF88FFF3FF0CF9C3FC4C40AA" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<subSubSection id="FBB16539FF88FFF5FF0CF9C3FC7C4065" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF88FFF5FF0CF9C3FD024044" blockId="19.[151,987,1591,1687]" box="[151,677,1591,1618]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<heading id="E85C81DEFF88FFF5FF0CF9C3FD024044" bold="true" box="[151,677,1591,1618]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF88FFF5FF0CF9C3FD024044" bold="true" box="[151,677,1591,1618]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF88FFF5FF0CF9C3FDFB4044" authority="Gullan &amp; Kondo" authorityName="Gullan &amp; Kondo" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,604,1591,1618]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lambirensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF88FFF5FF0CF9C3FE254047" bold="true" box="[151,386,1591,1617]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Coccus lambirensis</emphasis>
Gullan &amp; Kondo
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AEC57DBFF88FFF5FDF8F9CCFD024044" box="[611,677,1592,1618]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF88FFF5FF0CF9AEFC7C4065" blockId="19.[151,987,1591,1687]" box="[151,987,1626,1651]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<uri id="C73A3AB0FF88FFF5FF0CF9AEFC7C4065" box="[151,987,1626,1651]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="C70D0C67FF88FFF5FE31F9AEFC7C4065" box="[426,987,1626,1651]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">CBBDC76D-0BBC-4E83-86C3-9BB452F41D79</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBB16539FF88FFF5FF0CF98AFF4C4081" box="[151,235,1662,1687]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="description">
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF88FFF5FF0CF98AFF4C4081" blockId="19.[151,987,1591,1687]" box="[151,235,1662,1687]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
(
<figureCitation id="2B902A37FF88FFF5FF04F98AFF444081" box="[159,227,1662,1687]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1997,2019]" captionTargetBox="[164,1421,390,1939]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,352,1968]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 6. Adult female of Coccus lambirensis Gullan &amp; Kondo sp. n. Abbreviations as in Fig. 3." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3770253" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3770253/files/figure.png" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBB16539FF88FFF5FF0CF932FAFB4198" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF88FFF5FF0CF932FDBB40CA" blockId="19.[151,540,1734,1757]" box="[151,540,1734,1757]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93BB119CFF88FFF5FF0CF932FDBB40CA" box="[151,540,1734,1757]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
“
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF88FFF5FF39F933FF4A40CA" ID-CoL="3RN8" box="[162,237,1735,1756]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF88FFF5FF39F933FF4A40CA" box="[162,237,1735,1756]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Coccus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. X”,
<treatmentCitation id="320A10A3FF88FFF5FEDBF932FDBB40CA" author="Quek, S. P. &amp; Ueda, S. &amp; Gullan, P. J. &amp; Kondo, T. &amp; Hattori, M. &amp; Itioka, T. &amp; Murase, K. &amp; Itino, T." box="[320,540,1734,1757]" page="823" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" year="2017">
<bibRefCitation id="D73A4B43FF88FFF5FEDBF932FDBB40CA" author="Quek, S. P. &amp; Ueda, S. &amp; Gullan, P. J. &amp; Kondo, T. &amp; Hattori, M. &amp; Itioka, T. &amp; Murase, K. &amp; Itino, T." box="[320,540,1734,1757]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="818 - 835" refId="ref47225" refString="Quek, S. P., Ueda, S., Gullan, P. J., Kondo, T., Hattori, M., Itioka, T., Murase, K. &amp; Itino, T. (2017) Nuclear-DNA-based species delineations of Coccus scale insects in symbiosis with plants and ants, and the role of plant epicuticular wax in structuring associations. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 120 (4), 818 - 835. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / bij. 12917" type="journal article" year="2017">
Quek
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF88FFF5FEE6F93CFE0D40CA" box="[381,426,1734,1757]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">et al</emphasis>
. 2017: 823
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF88FFF5FF0CF8FDFAFB4198" blockId="19.[151,1436,1801,2006]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
This species was referred to as “
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF88FFF5FD96F8FEFDC74137" ID-CoL="3RN8" box="[525,608,1802,1825]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF88FFF5FD96F8FEFDC74137" box="[525,608,1802,1825]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Coccus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. X” in
<bibRefCitation id="D73A4B43FF88FFF5FD40F8FDFC094134" author="Quek, S. P. &amp; Ueda, S. &amp; Gullan, P. J. &amp; Kondo, T. &amp; Hattori, M. &amp; Itioka, T. &amp; Murase, K. &amp; Itino, T." box="[731,942,1801,1826]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="818 - 835" refId="ref47225" refString="Quek, S. P., Ueda, S., Gullan, P. J., Kondo, T., Hattori, M., Itioka, T., Murase, K. &amp; Itino, T. (2017) Nuclear-DNA-based species delineations of Coccus scale insects in symbiosis with plants and ants, and the role of plant epicuticular wax in structuring associations. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 120 (4), 818 - 835. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / bij. 12917" type="journal article" year="2017">
Quek
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF88FFF5FCBBF8FEFCF34134" box="[800,852,1801,1826]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">et al</emphasis>
. (2017)
</bibRefCitation>
(use of this name is not intended to be for nomenclatural purposes). The
<typeStatus id="6C108810FF88FFF5FE67F8D9FDF94150" box="[508,606,1837,1862]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
listed below is the only known specimen and is a DNA voucher. Its nucleotide sequence data place it as sister to a specimen identified as
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF88FFF5FC28F8A6FBA2417F" ID-CoL="3RN8" box="[947,1029,1874,1897]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF88FFF5FC28F8A6FBA2417F" box="[947,1029,1874,1897]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Coccus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
near
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF88FFF5FBDCF8A5FB5B417C" ID-CoL="WMMC" box="[1095,1276,1873,1898]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macarangicolus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF88FFF5FBDCF8A5FB5B417C" box="[1095,1276,1873,1898]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">macarangicolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in figure 3 of
<bibRefCitation id="D73A4B43FF88FFF5FF0CF881FEC04198" author="Quek, S. P. &amp; Ueda, S. &amp; Gullan, P. J. &amp; Kondo, T. &amp; Hattori, M. &amp; Itioka, T. &amp; Murase, K. &amp; Itino, T." box="[151,359,1909,1934]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" pagination="818 - 835" refId="ref47225" refString="Quek, S. P., Ueda, S., Gullan, P. J., Kondo, T., Hattori, M., Itioka, T., Murase, K. &amp; Itino, T. (2017) Nuclear-DNA-based species delineations of Coccus scale insects in symbiosis with plants and ants, and the role of plant epicuticular wax in structuring associations. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 120 (4), 818 - 835. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / bij. 12917" type="journal article" year="2017">
Quek
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF88FFF5FF41F882FEAD4198" box="[218,266,1909,1934]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">et al</emphasis>
. (2017)
</bibRefCitation>
.
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF88FFF5FEE9F882FE62419B" ID-CoL="3RN8" box="[370,453,1910,1933]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF88FFF5FEE9F882FE62419B" box="[370,453,1910,1933]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Coccus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
X is sufficiently distinct morphologically to be described below as a new species.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBB16539FF88FFF5FF5CF86DFB6741C0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF88FFF5FF5CF86DFB6741C0" blockId="19.[151,1436,1801,2006]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF88FFF5FF5CF86DFE5541A4" bold="true" box="[199,498,1945,1970]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Type material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="03C33CEFFF88FFF5FE61F86DFB6741C0" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608963728" collectingDate="2002-08-11" collectingDateMax="2002-08-15" collectingDateMin="2002-08-11" collectionCode="FDS" collectorName="T. Itioka &amp; Itioka, TI" country="Malaysia" location="Lambir Hills National Park" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF88FFF5FE61F86DFDD741A4" bold="true" box="[506,624,1945,1970]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<typeStatus id="6C108810FF88FFF5FE61F86DFDCC41A4" box="[506,619,1945,1970]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
young adult female,
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF88FFF5FCF8F86DFC4141A4" bold="true" box="[867,998,1945,1970]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">BORNEO:</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF88FFF5FC75F86DFBF641A4" box="[1006,1105,1945,1970]" name="Malaysia" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
,
<location id="B6746069FF88FFF5FBC5F86DFA3041A4" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B0287A4FF88FFF3FF0CF9C3FC4C40AA:B6746069FF88FFF5FBC5F86DFA3041A4" box="[1118,1431,1945,1970]" country="Malaysia" name="Lambir Hills National Park" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Lambir Hills National Park</location>
, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF88FFF5FF23F84AFE6741C0" box="[184,448,1981,2006]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="beccariana">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF88FFF5FF23F84AFE6741C0" box="[184,448,1981,2006]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Macaranga beccariana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7151072FF88FFF5FE55F849FD3441C0" box="[462,659,1981,2006]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="2002-08-11" valueMax="2002-08-15" valueMin="2002-08-11">
<collectingDate id="D751E99AFF88FFF5FE55F849FD3441C0" box="[462,659,1981,2006]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="2002-08-11" valueMax="2002-08-15" valueMin="2002-08-11">11–15 Aug. 2002</collectingDate>
</date>
, coll.
<collectorName id="1E5E5364FF88FFF5FD4DF84AFC9041C0" box="[726,823,1981,2006]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">T. Itioka</collectorName>
, TI.s39, DNA voucher 1(1) (
<collectionCode id="D5BAAE77FF88FFF5FBE7F84AFB1341C0" box="[1148,1204,1982,2006]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">FDS</collectionCode>
).
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBB16539FF8FFFF3FF5CFF63FBD64206" lastPageId="21" lastPageNumber="22" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF8FFFF2FF5CFF63FC7346C3" blockId="20.[151,1436,151,285]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8FFFF2FF5CFF63FEE946A6" bold="true" box="[199,334,151,176]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Etymology.</emphasis>
This species is named after its collection locality, “Lambir”, referring to a site in primary forest in Lambir Hills National Park, called Taman Negara Bukit Lambir in Malay.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF8FFFF2FF5CFF2BFD4A46EE" blockId="20.[151,1436,151,285]" box="[199,749,223,248]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8FFFF2FF5CFF2BFDD746EE" bold="true" box="[199,624,223,248]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Adult female. Unmounted material.</emphasis>
Unknown.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF8FFFF2FF5CFEF0FB2E470B" blockId="20.[151,1436,151,285]" box="[199,1161,260,285]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8FFFF2FF5CFEF0FDB7470B" bold="true" box="[199,528,260,285]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Slide-mounted adult female</emphasis>
(n=1;
<figureCitation id="2B902A37FF8FFFF2FDC0FEF0FD39470B" box="[603,670,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="20.[151,250,1997,2019]" captionTargetBox="[164,1421,390,1939]" captionTargetId="figure@20.[151,1436,352,1968]" captionTargetPageId="20" captionText="FIGURE 6. Adult female of Coccus lambirensis Gullan &amp; Kondo sp. n. Abbreviations as in Fig. 3." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3770253" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3770253/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Fig. 6</figureCitation>
). Body oval,
<quantity id="74539B57FF8FFFF2FCADFEF0FC3D470A" box="[822,922,260,284]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.83" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="2.83">2.83 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="74539B57FF8FFFF2FC7BFEF0FBE3470A" box="[992,1092,260,285]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.56" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" unit="mm" value="2.56">2.56 mm</quantity>
wide.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E7D4663AFF8FFFF2FF0CF839FB2F41F4" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3770253" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3770253" box="[151,1160,1996,2019]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3770253/files/figure.png" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" startId="20.[151,250,1997,2019]" targetBox="[164,1421,390,1939]" targetPageId="20">
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF8FFFF2FF0CF839FB2F41F4" blockId="20.[151,1160,1996,2019]" box="[151,1160,1996,2019]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8FFFF2FF0CF839FEB541F4" bold="true" box="[151,274,1997,2019]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
Adult female of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8FFFF2FE24F839FC9141F4" authority="Gullan &amp; Kondo" authorityName="Gullan &amp; Kondo" authorityYear="2018" box="[447,822,1996,2018]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lambirensis" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8FFFF2FE24F839FD2241F4" box="[447,645,1996,2018]" italics="true" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">Coccus lambirensis</emphasis>
Gullan &amp; Kondo
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8FFFF2FCA7F839FCD241F4" bold="true" box="[828,885,1997,2018]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AEC57DBFF8FFFF2FCA7F839FCD241F4" box="[828,885,1997,2018]" pageId="20" pageNumber="21" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
Abbreviations as in Fig. 3.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF8EFFF3FF5CFF6DFD22440E" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,1725]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8EFFF3FF5CFF6DFE8E46A6" box="[199,297,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Dorsum.</emphasis>
Derm (dd) membranous, with irregular polygonal areas abutting each other, each with a central areolation, and with faint submarginal wrinkle lines radiating inwards from margin. Dorsal setae (dset) slender, flagellate, each
<quantity id="74539B57FF8EFFF3FEDCFF2BFE1E46EE" box="[327,441,223,248]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.15" metricValueMax="8.8" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="61.5" valueMax="88.0" valueMin="35.0">35–88 µm</quantity>
long, longest from head to anterior abdomen and shortest on area lateral and posterior to anal plates. Simple pores (sp) each about
<quantity id="74539B57FF8EFFF3FDF0FEF0FD1C470B" box="[619,699,260,285]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 µm</quantity>
wide, scattered evenly on dorsum. Preopercular pores (pop) each
<quantity id="74539B57FF8EFFF3FF0CFED3FEBD4756" box="[151,282,295,320]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.65" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="3.8" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="5.65" valueMax="7.5" valueMin="3.8">3.8–7.5 µm</quantity>
wide,
<quantity id="74539B57FF8EFFF3FEF7FED3FE3C4756" box="[364,411,295,320]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.27" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="in" value="5.0">5 in</quantity>
number, present in a medial cluster anterior to anal plates. Dorsal microducts (dmic) in areolations each about 2.0–
<quantity id="74539B57FF8EFFF3FE49FEB8FD844773" box="[466,547,332,357]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 µm</quantity>
wide, appearing bilocular under high magnification. Anal plates (anplt) each triangular but outer apex of each plate distorted (perhaps during slide preparation), anterolateral margin 1.3 times longer than posterolateral margin and both margins slightly convex, length of each plate 1.8 times width, inner lobes normal, each plate
<quantity id="74539B57FF8EFFF3FE34FE4CFDA147C6" box="[431,518,440,464]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="200.0">200 µm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="74539B57FF8EFFF3FDD6FE4CFD0447C6" box="[589,675,440,464]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="110.0">110 µm</quantity>
wide, anterolateral margin
<quantity id="74539B57FF8EFFF3FC43FE43FBC147C6" box="[984,1126,439,464]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.625" metricValueMax="1.63" metricValueMin="1.6199999999999999" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="162.5" valueMax="163.0" valueMin="162.0">162–163 µm</quantity>
long, posterolateral margin
<quantity id="74539B57FF8EFFF3FF0CFE28FF4847E3" box="[151,239,476,501]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="125.0">125 µm</quantity>
long; each plate with 9 flagellate dorsal setae, each
<quantity id="74539B57FF8EFFF3FCD5FE28FC6447E3" box="[846,963,476,501]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="25.0" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="10.0">10–40 µm</quantity>
long. Anal ring (ar) probably bearing 10 setae (difficult to see), each
<quantity id="74539B57FF8EFFF3FE49FE0BFDE2440E" box="[466,581,511,536]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.25" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="7.5" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="82.5" valueMax="90.0" valueMin="75.0">75–90 µm</quantity>
long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF8EFFF3FF5CFDD1FCA544BE" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,1725]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8EFFF3FF5CFDD1FE85442A" box="[199,290,549,572]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Margin.</emphasis>
Eyespots not detected. Marginal setae (mset) in 2 rows, each seta fairly robust and almost always flagellate at apex,
<quantity id="74539B57FF8EFFF3FEF8FDB3FE734476" box="[355,468,583,608]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.25" metricValueMax="5.8" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="42.5" valueMax="58.0" valueMin="27.0">27–58 µm</quantity>
long, with 41–45 setae between anterior and posterior stigmatic areas on each of body. Stigmatic setae (stgset) well developed, spinose with rounded apices, apparently
<quantity id="74539B57FF8EFFF3FB80FD98FBE24493" box="[1051,1093,620,645]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
number, median setae longest, each
<quantity id="74539B57FF8EFFF3FF4AFD7BFEE444BE" box="[209,323,655,680]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="35.0" valueMax="45.0" valueMin="25.0">25–45 µm</quantity>
long, lateral setae each
<quantity id="74539B57FF8EFFF3FDCBFD7BFD6544BE" box="[592,706,655,680]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="25.0" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="15.0">15–35 µm</quantity>
long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF8EFFF3FF5CFD41FBD64206" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,1725]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8EFFF3FF5CFD41FEA844DA" box="[199,271,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Venter</emphasis>
(partially missing on
<typeStatus id="6C108810FF8EFFF3FD9FFD40FDCC44DB" box="[516,619,692,717]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
). Derm membranous. Ventral setae (vset) slender, mostly each
<quantity id="74539B57FF8EFFF3FAB1FD40FA3B44DB" box="[1322,1436,692,717]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="17.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="10.0">10–25 µm</quantity>
long, except prevulvar setae each up to
<quantity id="74539B57FF8EFFF3FDC0FD2CFD0344E6" box="[603,676,728,752]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.8" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="88.0">88 µm</quantity>
long. Interantennal setae missing due to damage to ventral cuticle. Ventral tubular ducts (vtd) present in a broad submarginal band; each duct with outer ductule
<quantity id="74539B57FF8EFFF3FB31FD08FABB4503" box="[1194,1308,764,789]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="17.5" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="17.0">17–18 µm</quantity>
long, inner ductule about
<quantity id="74539B57FF8EFFF3FEA3FCD4FE24452E" box="[312,387,800,824]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 µm</quantity>
long, and duct opening about
<quantity id="74539B57FF8EFFF3FD44FCD4FCBD452E" box="[735,794,800,824]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 µm</quantity>
wide. Ventral microducts (vmic) each about
<quantity id="74539B57FF8EFFF3FA80FCD4FAF0452E" box="[1307,1367,800,824]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 µm</quantity>
wide, scattered fairly evenly on venter. Pregenital disc-pores (pgp) each
<quantity id="74539B57FF8EFFF3FCECFCB0FC6B454B" box="[887,972,836,861]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="7.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="6.0">6–8 µm</quantity>
wide and mostly with 10 (occasionally 6, 8 or 9) loculi. Antennae (ant) 7 segmented, each
<quantity id="74539B57FF8EFFF3FD2EFC9CFCAD4596" box="[693,778,872,896]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.2" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="320.0">320 µm</quantity>
long; fleshy setae present on last 2 segments. Clypeolabral shield missing; labium ~
<quantity id="74539B57FF8EFFF3FE36FC78FDA145B3" box="[429,518,908,933]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="100.0">100 µm</quantity>
long, ~
<quantity id="74539B57FF8EFFF3FDC6FC78FD1145B3" box="[605,694,908,933]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="100.0">100 µm</quantity>
wide. Legs with hind trochanter + femur
<quantity id="74539B57FF8EFFF3FB09FC78FA8645B3" box="[1170,1313,908,933]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.735" metricValueMax="1.75" metricValueMin="1.72" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="173.5" valueMax="175.0" valueMin="172.0">172–175 µm</quantity>
long; hind tibia + tarsus
<quantity id="74539B57FF8EFFF3FEB5FC5BFE1B45DE" box="[302,444,943,968]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.975" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.95" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="197.5" valueMax="200.0" valueMin="195.0">195–200 µm</quantity>
long; all tarsal digitules each
<quantity id="74539B57FF8EFFF3FC90FC5BFCD945DE" box="[779,894,943,968]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.25" metricValueMax="5.8" metricValueMin="4.7" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="52.5" valueMax="58.0" valueMin="47.0">47–58 µm</quantity>
long; claw digitules each
<quantity id="74539B57FF8EFFF3FB38FC44FAB145DE" box="[1187,1302,944,968]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="21.5" valueMax="23.0" valueMin="20.0">20–23 µm</quantity>
long, claws each
<quantity id="74539B57FF8EFFF3FF49FC20FEE245FB" box="[210,325,980,1005]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="27.5" valueMax="28.0" valueMin="27.0">27–28 µm</quantity>
long. Spiracles normal: anterior peritremes each
<quantity id="74539B57FF8EFFF3FCE9FC20FC4245FB" box="[882,997,980,1005]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.25" metricValueMax="6.3" metricValueMin="6.2" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="62.5" valueMax="63.0" valueMin="62.0">62–63 µm</quantity>
wide; posterior peritremes each
<quantity id="74539B57FF8EFFF3FACDFC20FF1B4206" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.25" metricValueMax="7.3" metricValueMin="7.2" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="72.5" valueMax="73.0" valueMin="72.0">72–73 µm</quantity>
wide. Spiracular pores (spp) each
<quantity id="74539B57FF8EFFF3FDA4FC03FD314206" box="[575,662,1015,1040]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4–5 µm</quantity>
wide, usually with 5 (rarely 3 or 4) loculi.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBB16539FF8EFFF3FF5CFBE8FC4C40AA" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF8EFFF3FF5CFBE8FC4C40AA" blockId="21.[151,1437,151,1725]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8EFFF3FF5CFBE8FEE84223" bold="true" box="[199,335,1052,1077]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Comments.</emphasis>
The adult female of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8EFFF3FDACFBE9FD7E4223" authorityName="Gullan &amp; Kondo" authorityYear="2018" box="[567,729,1052,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lambirensis">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8EFFF3FDACFBE9FD7E4223" box="[567,729,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">C. lambirensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from all other species of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8EFFF3FB44FBE9FA964222" box="[1247,1329,1053,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8EFFF3FB44FBE9FA964222" box="[1247,1329,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Coccus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
found on
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8EFFF3FF0CFBB5FEBD424E" box="[151,282,1089,1112]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8EFFF3FF0CFBB5FEBD424E" box="[151,282,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Macaranga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by its possession of numerous marginal setae in two rows and its long flagellate dorsal setae, each mostly
<quantity id="74539B57FF8EFFF3FF74FB90FEC1426B" box="[239,358,1124,1149]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" unit="mm" value="60.0" valueMax="80.0" valueMin="40.0">40–80 µm</quantity>
long, that are longer than the dorsal setae of all other
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8EFFF3FC61FB91FBDA426A" box="[1018,1149,1125,1148]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8EFFF3FC61FB91FBDA426A" box="[1018,1149,1125,1148]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Macaranga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
coccids. Although adult females of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8EFFF3FE8FFB7CFDA242B6" authorityName="Gullan &amp; Kondo" authorityYear="2018" box="[276,517,1159,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudotumuliferus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8EFFF3FE8FFB7CFDA242B6" box="[276,517,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">C. pseudotumuliferus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8EFFF3FDA7FB7CFD7A42B6" authorityName="Morrison. All" authorityYear="1921" box="[572,733,1159,1184]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tumuliferus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8EFFF3FDA7FB7CFD7A42B6" box="[572,733,1159,1184]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">C. tumuliferus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
group can have marginal setae in two rows, these two species have very short dorsal setae, each of about the same length as the diameter of its setal socket. In addition, in
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8EFFF3FA19FB59FEBE42FE" authorityName="Gullan &amp; Kondo" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lambirensis">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8EFFF3FA19FB59FEBE42FE" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">C. lambirensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, each dorsal areolation (clear area with microduct at centre) is situated on an irregularly shaped polygonal area with the abutting polygonal areas giving a cellular appearance to the derm, whereas in other species of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8EFFF3FF2FFAECFEA14339" box="[180,262,1304,1327]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8EFFF3FF2FFAECFEA14339" box="[180,262,1304,1327]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Coccus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8EFFF3FED1FAEDFE6A4326" box="[330,461,1305,1328]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8EFFF3FED1FAEDFE6A4326" box="[330,461,1305,1328]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Macaranga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
the dorsal areolations are situated on uniform derm. Although molecular data placed
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8EFFF3FA19FAECFEBE4343" authorityName="Gullan &amp; Kondo" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lambirensis">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8EFFF3FA19FAECFEBE4343" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">C. lambirensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as sister to a specimen (SPQ.392 from Siduk in West Kalimantan) identified as
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8EFFF3FAA4FAC9FAFE4342" box="[1343,1369,1341,1364]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">C.</emphasis>
near
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8EFFF3FF0CFAABFEEC436E" box="[151,331,1375,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macarangicolus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8EFFF3FF0CFAABFEEC436E" box="[151,331,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">macarangicolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, it differs from that specimen and the examined
<typeStatus id="6C108810FF8EFFF3FC05FA95FC52436F" box="[926,1013,1377,1401]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="syntype">syntype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8EFFF3FBBEFA94FAA7436E" box="[1061,1280,1375,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macarangicolus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8EFFF3FBBEFA94FAA7436E" box="[1061,1280,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">C. macarangicolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(from Kuala Lumpur) in the length and shape of its dorsal setae as well as in the number of marginal setae (one row in
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8EFFF3FA19FA71FEEC43D6" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macarangicolus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8EFFF3FA19FA71FEEC43D6" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">C. macarangicolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). An unidentified adult female from Poring in Sabah (B. Fiala No. 30a) is similar to
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8EFFF3FB61FA5CFA3B43D6" authorityName="Gullan &amp; Kondo" authorityYear="2018" box="[1274,1436,1447,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lambirensis">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8EFFF3FB61FA5CFA3B43D6" box="[1274,1436,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">C. lambirensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having a double marginal row of setae but its dorsal setae are shorter and slightly more robust and it has more than 30 preopercular pores anterior to the anal plates. The single adult female most similar to the
<typeStatus id="6C108810FF8EFFF3FB63FA1BFAFD401E" box="[1272,1370,1519,1544]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8EFFF3FA19FA04FEBE403B" authorityName="Gullan &amp; Kondo" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lambirensis">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8EFFF3FA19FA04FEBE403B" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">C. lambirensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is from Panga in
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF8EFFF3FE6CF9E0FDFC403B" box="[503,603,1556,1581]" name="Thailand" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Thailand</collectingCountry>
(probably
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF8EFFF3FD44F9E0FC77403B" box="[735,976,1556,1581]" country="Thailand" name="Phangnga" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Phang Nga province</collectingRegion>
) on
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8EFFF3FB90F9E0FA3F403B" authorityName="Koen" authorityYear="1784" box="[1035,1432,1556,1581]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Meliaceae" genus="Xylocarpus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="granatum">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8EFFF3FB90F9E0FAA4403A" box="[1035,1283,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Xylocarpus granatum</emphasis>
(Meliaceae)
</taxonomicName>
, collected
<date id="C7151072FF8EFFF3FE9DF9CCFE0D4046" box="[262,426,1591,1616]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" value="2006-03-08">8 March 2006</date>
by Numakura and sent to TK. The latter unidentified specimen has similar dorsal and marginal setae to the
<typeStatus id="6C108810FF8EFFF3FE09F9A8FE534063" box="[402,500,1628,1653]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8EFFF3FD84F9A9FD624063" authorityName="Gullan &amp; Kondo" authorityYear="2018" box="[543,709,1628,1653]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lambirensis">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8EFFF3FD84F9A9FD624063" box="[543,709,1628,1653]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">C. lambirensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, with 45–57 marginal setae between the anterior and posterior stigmatic furrows on each side of body, but has more than 30 preopercular pores anterior to the anal plates. It is possible that
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8EFFF3FEB0F951FE0940AA" box="[299,430,1701,1724]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8EFFF3FEB0F951FE0940AA" box="[299,430,1701,1724]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Macaranga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is not the usual host-plant genus of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8EFFF3FCD9F951FC7E40AB" box="[834,985,1700,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lambirensi">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8EFFF3FCD9F951FC7E40AB" box="[834,985,1700,1725]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">C. lambirensi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
s.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

538
data/3B/02/87/3B0287A4FF8AFFF5FF0CFCA9FB2D43F3.xml Normal file
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<mods:title id="8984BDD870C612DB330D794D1A17FF83">Taxonomy of coccids (Hemiptera: Coccidae: Coccus L.) associated with Crematogaster ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the stems of Macaranga plants (Euphorbiaceae) in Southeast Asia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="F030814DD9232872385C2DC4CFB6F2EA">Gullan, Penny J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D77E6A68F44B19BD13346000220ABF5E">Division of Ecology &amp; Evolution, Research School of Biology, College of Science, The Australian National University, Acton, Canberra, A. C. T. 2601, Australia. E-mail: penelope. gullan @ anu. edu. au</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="A0111DAE9CC7AAC461DF0A37B6FE52BF" type="personal">
<mods:role id="EBE5FA5FF2399CC396B368FB8A5D1ABA">
<mods:roleTerm id="1B5D8277F48CA03265023472F310FD43">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="41A792FC8C0D3F6730D8442E78179C14">Kondo, Takumasa</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="399A607CBB68D8AA400836ACBF4ABD93">Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (Agrosavia), Centro de Investigación Palmira, Calle 23, Carrera 37 Continuo al Penal, Palmira, Valle, Colombia. E-mail: tkondo @ agrosavia. co</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="25FB8DB9CD28A9244F3681B298355098" type="personal">
<mods:role id="31ACA2F119A3F4510ADE04F76483EED4">
<mods:roleTerm id="D541E43FF58865C1319734D106DFB7E7">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="40E305E77467E56AD1FF36D1103CDD55">Fiala, Brigitte</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="CA9A85AEEDEE38CA2C13D6821AD93DED">Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany. Email: fiala @ biozentrum. uni-wuerzburg. de</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:name id="6A5580869FBEF59C3AF10CC1218DFD5A" type="personal">
<mods:role id="5E4CB41758FC7CE9D131F05E29211ADF">
<mods:roleTerm id="0B95FC13D811EFA27F584AEFC0BEA88C">Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart id="10050342664550293122B91DB5C86A5A">Quek, Swee-Peck</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="43B910B8480E4E5B8B9431C2D6995309">Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley 94720, U. S. A. E-mail: queksp @ gmail. com</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource id="19E4D1B5CC548E159B130B9EC6FE8AA6">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="0F006D5A83C91E3183B3961C1DC6468F">Zootaxa</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part id="5B189265749731B9C2D6B9A2E40900C8">
<mods:date id="4BAF77CBD3E13CCF8FEFD78E34DDF8BC">2018</mods:date>
<mods:detail id="D629DC73563FE3C686AD95D13501BFE8" type="pubDate">
<mods:number id="50B3522117572F002B081CD6EAB4BC18">2018-11-13</mods:number>
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<mods:number id="7D8EEE638ADF6500F5F0358ABBEB668B">4521</mods:number>
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<mods:end id="73E7C7857B956AF7F927DFF8D663E78C">51</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
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<mods:identifier id="1A30C09A6937D15A99CD7C00085B0273" type="CLB-Dataset">22639</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier id="405565D8827A3A6AFE8937DC135AE3FB" type="DOI">10.11646/zootaxa.4521.1.1</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="3B0287A4FF8AFFF5FF0CFCA9FB2D43F3" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3798938" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163754746" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3798938" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:86F500BF-88D0-44F0-AE47-F4E76687E9AB" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3B0287A4FF8AFFF5FF0CFCA9FB2D43F3" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<subSubSection id="FBB16539FF8AFFF7FF0CFCA9FC18458E" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF8AFFF7FF0CFCA9FD2B4561" blockId="17.[151,959,861,957]" box="[151,652,861,887]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<heading id="E85C81DEFF8AFFF7FF0CFCA9FD2B4561" bold="true" box="[151,652,861,887]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8AFFF7FF0CFCA9FD2B4561" bold="true" box="[151,652,861,887]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8AFFF7FF0CFCA9FDE44561" authority="Gullan &amp; Kondo" authorityName="Gullan &amp; Kondo" authorityYear="2018" box="[151,579,861,887]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heckrothi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8AFFF7FF0CFCA9FECD4561" bold="true" box="[151,362,861,887]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Coccus heckrothi</emphasis>
Gullan &amp; Kondo
</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AEC57DBFF8AFFF7FDD1FCA9FD2B4561" box="[586,652,861,887]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF8AFFF7FF0CFC8BFC18458E" blockId="17.[151,959,861,957]" box="[151,959,895,920]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<uri id="C73A3AB0FF8AFFF7FF0CFC8BFC18458E" box="[151,959,895,920]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="C70D0C67FF8AFFF7FE33FC8BFC18458E" box="[424,959,895,920]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">86F500BF-88D0-44F0-AE47-F4E76687E9AB</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="FBB16539FF8AFFF7FF0CFC50FF4C45AB" box="[151,235,932,957]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="description">
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF8AFFF7FF0CFC50FF4C45AB" blockId="17.[151,959,861,957]" box="[151,235,932,957]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
(
<figureCitation id="2B902A37FF8AFFF7FF04FC50FF4545AB" box="[159,226,932,957]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="18.[151,250,2001,2023]" captionTargetBox="[193,1407,508,1980]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[166,1425,478,1988]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 5. Adult female of Coccus heckrothi Gullan &amp; Kondo sp. n. Abbreviations as in Fig. 3." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3770251" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3770251/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBB16539FF8AFFF7FF06FC18FD8D4214" box="[157,554,1004,1026]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF8AFFF7FF06FC18FD8D4214" blockId="17.[157,554,1004,1026]" box="[157,554,1004,1026]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93BB119CFF8AFFF7FF06FC18FD8D4214" box="[157,554,1004,1026]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
“
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8AFFF7FF33FC18FF544217" ID-CoL="3RN8" box="[168,243,1004,1025]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8AFFF7FF33FC18FF544217" box="[168,243,1004,1025]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Coccus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. Y”,
<treatmentCitation id="320A10A3FF8AFFF7FEDDFC18FD824214" author="Quek, S. P. &amp; Ueda, S. &amp; Gullan, P. J. &amp; Kondo, T. &amp; Hattori, M. &amp; Itioka, T. &amp; Murase, K. &amp; Itino, T." box="[326,549,1004,1026]" page="823" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" year="2017">
<bibRefCitation id="D73A4B43FF8AFFF7FEDDFC18FD824214" author="Quek, S. P. &amp; Ueda, S. &amp; Gullan, P. J. &amp; Kondo, T. &amp; Hattori, M. &amp; Itioka, T. &amp; Murase, K. &amp; Itino, T." box="[326,549,1004,1026]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="818 - 835" refId="ref47225" refString="Quek, S. P., Ueda, S., Gullan, P. J., Kondo, T., Hattori, M., Itioka, T., Murase, K. &amp; Itino, T. (2017) Nuclear-DNA-based species delineations of Coccus scale insects in symbiosis with plants and ants, and the role of plant epicuticular wax in structuring associations. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 120 (4), 818 - 835. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / bij. 12917" type="journal article" year="2017">
Quek
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8AFFF7FE1FFC19FE174214" box="[388,432,1004,1026]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">et al</emphasis>
. 2017: 823
</bibRefCitation>
</treatmentCitation>
.
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBB16539FF8AFFF7FF0CFBDAFCE640D9" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF8AFFF7FF0CFBDAFE21439D" blockId="17.[151,1437,1070,2031]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8AFFF7FF0CFBDAFD954251" bold="true" box="[151,562,1070,1095]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
Type material examined.
<typeStatus id="6C108810FF8AFFF7FE5EFBDAFD954251" box="[453,562,1070,1095]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
: adult female,
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8AFFF7FD41FBDAFCFB4251" bold="true" box="[730,860,1070,1095]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">BORNEO:</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF8AFFF7FCF8FBDAFC604251" box="[867,967,1070,1095]" name="Malaysia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
,
<quantity id="74539B57FF8AFFF7FC4AFBDBFBAD4251" box="[977,1034,1070,1095]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
from Lambir Hills National Park in direction of Miri, in hollow stem of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8AFFF7FDCCFBA0FC15427D" authority=", Dec. 1992" authorityName="Dec." authorityYear="1992" box="[599,946,1106,1131]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hosei">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8AFFF7FDCCFBA0FC86427D" box="[599,801,1106,1131]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Macaranga hosei</emphasis>
, Dec. 1992
</taxonomicName>
, coll. H.-P. Heckroth, #85, 1(1) (
<collectionCode id="D5BAAE77FF8AFFF7FADDFBA7FA36427D" box="[1350,1425,1107,1131]" country="Malaysia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rw2k-chgr" name="Forest Research Institute, Malaysia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">FRIM</collectionCode>
).
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8AFFF7FF0CFB82FE054299" bold="true" box="[151,418,1142,1167]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<typeStatus id="6C108810FF8AFFF7FF0CFB82FEB44299" box="[151,275,1142,1167]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
: BORNEO:
</emphasis>
same data as
<typeStatus id="6C108810FF8AFFF7FDA4FB82FD034299" box="[575,676,1142,1167]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, 12(12) and 2(2 third-instar females) (
<collectionCode id="D5BAAE77FF8AFFF7FBC9FB83FB3F4299" box="[1106,1176,1143,1167]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" name="Australian National Insect Collection" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">ANIC</collectionCode>
except
<specimenCount id="A5ADFD3BFF8AFFF7FB6BFB83FA994299" box="[1264,1342,1142,1167]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="adult">4 adult</specimenCount>
females to
<collectionCode id="D5BAAE77FF8AFFF7FF2FFB6FFF5942A5" box="[180,254,1179,1203]" country="Malaysia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rw2k-chgr" name="Forest Research Institute, Malaysia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">FRIM</collectionCode>
);
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF8AFFF7FE89FB6EFED242A5" box="[274,373,1178,1203]" name="Malaysia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
,
<quantity id="74539B57FF8AFFF7FE1AFB6FFE1D42A5" box="[385,442,1178,1203]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="km" value="2.0">2 km</quantity>
Lambir NP, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8AFFF7FDF6FB68FCF342A5" authority=", Dec. 1992" authorityName="Dec." authorityYear="1992" box="[621,852,1178,1203]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hosei">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8AFFF7FDF6FB68FD6942A5" box="[621,718,1178,1203]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">M. hosei</emphasis>
, Dec. 1992
</taxonomicName>
, coll. H.-P. Heckroth, #47, 1(1 on slide with
<specimenCount id="A5ADFD3BFF8AFFF7FAD5FB6FFA3B42A5" box="[1358,1436,1178,1203]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
female of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8AFFF7FE92FB4BFE5E42C1" authorityName="Gullan &amp; Kondo" authorityYear="2018" box="[265,505,1214,1239]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudotumuliferus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8AFFF7FE92FB4BFE5E42C1" box="[265,505,1214,1239]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">C. pseudotumuliferus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (
<collectionCode id="D5BAAE77FF8AFFF7FD8AFB4BFDFB42C1" box="[529,604,1215,1239]" country="Malaysia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rw2k-chgr" name="Forest Research Institute, Malaysia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">FRIM</collectionCode>
);
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF8AFFF7FDEBFB4AFD7442C1" box="[624,723,1214,1239]" name="Malaysia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
,
<quantity id="74539B57FF8AFFF7FD45FB4BFCBF42C1" box="[734,792,1214,1239]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="km" value="3.0">3 km</quantity>
Lambir, in hollow stem of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8AFFF7FBD0FB4BFAC442C1" authorityName=", Dec" authorityYear="1992" box="[1099,1379,1214,1239]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trachyphylla">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8AFFF7FBD0FB4BFAC442C1" box="[1099,1379,1214,1239]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Macaranga trachyphylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8AFFF7FF0CFB17FE0F42ED" authority=", Dec. 1992" authorityName="Dec." authorityYear="1992" box="[151,424,1251,1275]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="secretus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8AFFF7FF0CFB17FEBF42ED" box="[151,280,1251,1275]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">C. secretus</emphasis>
, Dec. 1992
</taxonomicName>
, coll. H.-P. Heckroth, #92, 3(3) (
<collectionCode id="D5BAAE77FF8AFFF7FCA0FB17FC2142ED" box="[827,902,1251,1275]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" name="Australian National Insect Collection" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">ANIC</collectionCode>
);
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF8AFFF7FC04FB16FBA542ED" box="[927,1026,1250,1275]" name="Malaysia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
,
<quantity id="74539B57FF8AFFF7FB8FFB17FBF542ED" box="[1044,1106,1250,1275]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="km" value="3.0">3 km</quantity>
Lambir, in hollow stem of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8AFFF7FF0CFAF3FE414309" authority=", Feb. 1993" authorityName="Feb." authorityYear="1993" box="[151,486,1286,1311]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hosei">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8AFFF7FF0CFAF3FEF84309" box="[151,351,1286,1311]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Macaranga hosei</emphasis>
, Feb. 1993
</taxonomicName>
, coll. H.-P. Heckroth, #50, 1(4) (
<collectionCode id="D5BAAE77FF8AFFF7FCFCFAF3FC154309" box="[871,946,1287,1311]" country="Malaysia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rw2k-chgr" name="Forest Research Institute, Malaysia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">FRIM</collectionCode>
);
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF8AFFF7FC53FAF2FB8C4309" box="[968,1067,1286,1311]" name="Malaysia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
, Lambir, ex
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8AFFF7FB5AFAF3FF754355" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8AFFF7FB5AFAF3FAF34309" box="[1217,1364,1287,1311]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rufescens">M. rufescens</taxonomicName>
&amp;
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8AFFF7FAE6FAF3FF754355" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hosei">M. hosei</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
,
<date id="C7151072FF8AFFF7FF78FADFFEDE4355" box="[227,377,1323,1347]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" value="2001-09-03">3 Sept. 2001</date>
, coll. K. Murase, KM.s11 &amp; KM.s22, DNA vouchers 2(2) (
<collectionCode id="D5BAAE77FF8AFFF7FBAEFADFFBC94355" box="[1077,1134,1323,1347]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">FDS</collectionCode>
);
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF8AFFF7FB1FFADEFB4E4355" box="[1156,1257,1322,1347]" name="Malaysia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
: Lambir, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8AFFF7FAE6FAD8FEA64371" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="rufescens">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8AFFF7FAE6FAD8FEA64371" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">M. rufescens</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(TI.s42 only) &amp;
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8AFFF7FE5BFABBFD8F4371" box="[448,552,1358,1383]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8AFFF7FE5BFABBFD834371" box="[448,548,1358,1383]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hosei">M. hosei</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<date id="C7151072FF8AFFF7FDABFABBFD7D4371" box="[560,730,1359,1383]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" value="2003-08-02" valueMax="2003-08-04" valueMin="2003-08-02">2–4 Aug. 2003</date>
, coll. T. Itioka, TI.s42, TI.s49, TIs.50, TI.s51 &amp; TI.s52a, DNA vouchers 5(5) (
<collectionCode id="D5BAAE77FF8AFFF7FEDAFA87FEDD439D" box="[321,378,1395,1419]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">FDS</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF8AFFF7FF5CFA62FDAC4029" blockId="17.[151,1437,1070,2031]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8AFFF7FF5CFA62FD2B43B9" bold="true" box="[199,652,1430,1455]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Other material examined. BORNEO:</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF8AFFF7FD0FFA62FD7C43B9" box="[660,731,1430,1455]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Sabah</collectingRegion>
, Crocker Range, Keningau,
<quantity id="74539B57FF8AFFF7FBBAFA63FBDE43B8" box="[1057,1145,1431,1455]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="1100.0">1100 m</quantity>
, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8AFFF7FB30FA63FA9043B9" authorityName="Heine" authorityYear="1951" box="[1195,1335,1430,1455]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="puberula">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8AFFF7FB30FA63FA9043B9" box="[1195,1335,1430,1455]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">M. puberula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7151072FF8AFFF7FADCFA63FF7543C5" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" value="1999-10-17">17 Oct. 1999</date>
, coll. S.-P. Quek, SPQ.113, DNA voucher 1(1);
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF8AFFF7FD73FA4EFC8843C5" box="[744,815,1466,1491]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Sabah</collectingRegion>
, Crocker Range, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8AFFF7FB8BFA48FB3843C5" box="[1040,1183,1468,1491]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pearsonii">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8AFFF7FB8BFA48FB3843C5" box="[1040,1183,1468,1491]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">M. pearsonii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7151072FF8AFFF7FB37FA4FFAE743C5" box="[1196,1344,1467,1491]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" value="2001-04-13">13 Apr. 2001</date>
, coll. B. Fiala, #8 (TK0016), DNA voucher 1(1);
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF8AFFF7FDC5FA2AFC8B43E1" box="[606,812,1502,1527]" country="Indonesia" name="Kalimantan Utara" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">North Kalimantan</collectingRegion>
, Long Ampung, Sungai Anai trail,
<quantity id="74539B57FF8AFFF7FB2FFA2BFB5A43E0" box="[1204,1277,1503,1527]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="m" value="700.0">700 m</quantity>
,
<geoCoordinate id="D69F5075FF8AFFF7FA93FA2BFA3F43E0" box="[1288,1432,1502,1527]" degrees="1" direction="north" minutes="42.964" orientation="latitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" precision="1" value="1.7160666">1° 42.964' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="D69F5075FF8AFFF7FF0CF9F7FE99400C" box="[151,318,1538,1563]" degrees="114" direction="east" minutes="56.943" orientation="longitude" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" precision="1" value="114.94905">114° 56.943' E</geoCoordinate>
, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8AFFF7FEF7F9F0FDBD400D" box="[364,538,1538,1563]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="aetheadenia">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8AFFF7FEF7F9F0FDBD400D" box="[364,538,1538,1563]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">M. aëtheadenia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
&amp;
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8AFFF7FDA5F9F0FCC0400D" box="[574,871,1538,1563]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8AFFF7FDA5F9F0FD67400D" box="[574,704,1538,1563]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bancana">M. bancana</taxonomicName>
/
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8AFFF7FD56F9F6FCC0400D" box="[717,871,1538,1563]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="indistincta">M. indistincta</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
,
<date id="C7151072FF8AFFF7FCEFF9F7FC5A400D" box="[884,1021,1538,1563]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" value="2005-02-09">9 Feb. 2005</date>
, coll. S.-P. Quek, SPQ.701, SPQ.704 &amp; SPQ.705, DNA vouchers 3(3).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF8AFFF7FF5CF9BEFCE640D9" blockId="17.[151,1437,1070,2031]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8AFFF7FF5CF9BEFEA14075" bold="true" box="[199,262,1610,1635]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Note.</emphasis>
Specimens of this new species form Clade 7, which is referred to as “
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8AFFF7FB94F9BFFBC64074" box="[1039,1121,1611,1634]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8AFFF7FB94F9BFFBC64074" box="[1039,1121,1611,1634]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Coccus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. Y” in
<bibRefCitation id="D73A4B43FF8AFFF7FB49F9BEFA3F4075" author="Quek, S. P. &amp; Ueda, S. &amp; Gullan, P. J. &amp; Kondo, T. &amp; Hattori, M. &amp; Itioka, T. &amp; Murase, K. &amp; Itino, T." box="[1234,1432,1610,1635]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="818 - 835" refId="ref47225" refString="Quek, S. P., Ueda, S., Gullan, P. J., Kondo, T., Hattori, M., Itioka, T., Murase, K. &amp; Itino, T. (2017) Nuclear-DNA-based species delineations of Coccus scale insects in symbiosis with plants and ants, and the role of plant epicuticular wax in structuring associations. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 120 (4), 818 - 835. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / bij. 12917" type="journal article" year="2017">
Quek
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8AFFF7FA8EF9B8FAE14075" box="[1301,1350,1610,1635]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">et al</emphasis>
. (2017
</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 3). This clade has two very closely related subgroups, which are considered to be geographically separated populations—one from
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF8AFFF7FE31F966FDAC40BD" box="[426,523,1682,1707]" name="Malaysia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
and
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF8AFFF7FDD2F966FD3740BD" box="[585,656,1682,1707]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Sabah</collectingRegion>
, and the other from North Kalimantan. This species appears to be common in and near Lambir Hills National Park in
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF8AFFF7FD42F942FC9A40D9" box="[729,829,1718,1743]" name="Malaysia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBB16539FF8AFFF5FF5CF92EFE8B44E6" lastPageId="19" lastPageNumber="20" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="etymology">
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF8AFFF7FF5CF92EFA8C412D" blockId="17.[151,1437,1070,2031]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8AFFF7FF5CF92EFEE940E5" bold="true" box="[199,334,1754,1779]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Etymology.</emphasis>
During his Ph.D. studies, Hans-Peter Heckroth recognised this species as
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8AFFF7FB02F92FFB4B40E4" box="[1177,1260,1755,1778]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8AFFF7FB02F92FFB4B40E4" box="[1177,1260,1755,1778]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Coccus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
morphospecies 85, but did not specifically refer to it in his publications on the
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8AFFF7FCF1F90BFC4A4100" box="[874,1005,1791,1814]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8AFFF7FCF1F90BFC4A4100" box="[874,1005,1791,1814]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Macaranga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
coccids (
<bibRefCitation id="D73A4B43FF8AFFF7FBC3F90AFAE04101" author="Heckroth, H. - P. &amp; Fiala, B. &amp; Gullan, P. J. &amp; Idris, A. H. &amp; Maschwitz, U." box="[1112,1351,1790,1815]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="427 - 443" refId="ref45661" refString="Heckroth, H. - P., Fiala, B., Gullan, P. J., Idris, A. H. &amp; Maschwitz, U. (1998) The soft scale (Coccidae) associates of Malaysian ant-plants. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 14, 427 - 443. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0266467498000327" type="journal article" year="1998">
Heckroth
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8AFFF7FB50F90BFB5B4101" box="[1227,1276,1790,1815]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">et al</emphasis>
. 1998
</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="D73A4B43FF8AFFF7FAC8F90BFA374101" author="Heckroth, H. - P. &amp; Fiala, B. &amp; Maschwitz, U." box="[1363,1424,1791,1815]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="287 - 295" refId="ref45728" refString="Heckroth, H. - P., Fiala, B. &amp; Maschwitz, U. (2001) Integration of scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccidae) in the South-East Asian ant-plant (Crematogaster (Formicidae) - Macaranga (Euphorbiaceae )) system. Entomologica, 33 (1999), 287 - 295." type="journal article" year="2001">2001</bibRefCitation>
). Here we name the species after him in recognition of his pioneering research on the
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8AFFF7FBDDF8D0FB6E412D" box="[1094,1225,1828,1851]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8AFFF7FBDDF8D0FB6E412D" box="[1094,1225,1828,1851]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Macaranga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
coccids.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF8AFFF7FF5CF8B2FD454148" blockId="17.[151,1437,1070,2031]" box="[199,738,1862,1887]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8AFFF7FF5CF8B2FDD74149" bold="true" box="[199,624,1862,1887]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Adult female. Unmounted material.</emphasis>
Not seen.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF8AFFF7FF5CF89EFCDC41B1" blockId="17.[151,1437,1070,2031]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8AFFF7FF5CF89EFDB24195" bold="true" box="[199,533,1898,1923]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Slide-mounted adult female</emphasis>
(n = 10, all from Lambir and including
<typeStatus id="6C108810FF8AFFF7FC7CF89EFBEA4195" box="[999,1101,1898,1923]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
;
<figureCitation id="2B902A37FF8AFFF7FBC1F89EFB384195" box="[1114,1183,1898,1923]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="18.[151,250,2001,2023]" captionTargetBox="[193,1407,508,1980]" captionTargetId="figure@18.[166,1425,478,1988]" captionTargetPageId="18" captionText="FIGURE 5. Adult female of Coccus heckrothi Gullan &amp; Kondo sp. n. Abbreviations as in Fig. 3." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3770251" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3770251/files/figure.png" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
). Body elongate oval, 1.9–3.5 (
<typeStatus id="6C108810FF8AFFF7FF62F87AFEFA41B1" box="[249,349,1934,1959]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
1.9) mm long, 1.4–2.9 (
<typeStatus id="6C108810FF8AFFF7FDF7F87AFD7741B1" box="[620,720,1934,1959]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
1.4) mm wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF8AFFF4FF5CF840FB4747BB" blockId="17.[151,1437,1070,2031]" lastBlockId="18.[151,1436,151,429]" lastPageId="18" lastPageNumber="19" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8AFFF7FF5CF840FE8E41DD" box="[199,297,1972,1995]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Dorsum.</emphasis>
Derm (dd) with circular to oval areolations, mostly each
<quantity id="74539B57FF8AFFF7FC21F847FB8841DD" box="[954,1071,1971,1995]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="25.0" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="10.0">10–40 µm</quantity>
in greatest dimension, and with lightly sclerotised submarginal lines radiating inwards at right angles to margin, often obvious only on more mature females. Dorsal setae (dset) slender, each 6–23 (mostly 10–15) µm long, sparsely scattered on dorsum. Simple pores (sp) each
<quantity id="74539B57FF89FFF4FED6FF48FE6846C3" box="[333,463,188,213]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.85" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="2.85" valueMax="3.2" valueMin="2.5">2.5–3.2 µm</quantity>
wide, scattered evenly on dorsum. Preopercular pores (pop) each 4–7 (mostly 5) µm wide, present in an elongate cluster of 8–16 pores anterior to anal plates. Dorsal microducts (dmic) in areolations each
<quantity id="74539B57FF89FFF4FF4DFEF0FEFC470B" box="[214,347,260,285]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="2.0" valueMax="2.2" valueMin="1.8">1.8–2.2 µm</quantity>
wide, appearing bilocular under high magnification. Anal plates (anplt) each triangular and typically with slightly convex margins, anterolateral margin always slightly longer than posterolateral margin, length of each plate 1.5–1.9 times width, inner lobes swollen, with a tessellated texture, each plate
<quantity id="74539B57FF89FFF4FA97FEB8FA3B4773" box="[1292,1436,332,357]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7399999999999998" metricValueMax="1.83" metricValueMin="1.65" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="174.0" valueMax="183.0" valueMin="165.0">165–183 µm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="74539B57FF89FFF4FF4CFE9BFEF1479E" box="[215,342,367,392]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.015" metricValueMax="1.18" metricValueMin="0.85" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="101.5" valueMax="118.0" valueMin="85.0">85–118 µm</quantity>
wide, anterolateral margin
<quantity id="74539B57FF89FFF4FD10FE9BFCBE479E" box="[651,793,367,392]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.415" metricValueMax="1.58" metricValueMin="1.25" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="141.5" valueMax="158.0" valueMin="125.0">125–158 µm</quantity>
long, posterolateral margin
<quantity id="74539B57FF89FFF4FBCEFE9BFB43479E" box="[1109,1252,367,392]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.19" metricValueMax="1.33" metricValueMin="1.05" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="119.0" valueMax="133.0" valueMin="105.0">105–133 µm</quantity>
long; each plate with 12–23 dorsal setae, each
<quantity id="74539B57FF89FFF4FE73FE60FDFC47BB" box="[488,603,404,429]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="21.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="18.0">18–25 µm</quantity>
long. Anal ring (ar) with 10 setae, each
<quantity id="74539B57FF89FFF4FB84FE60FB0747BB" box="[1055,1184,404,429]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" unit="mm" value="105.0" valueMax="120.0" valueMin="90.0">90–120 µm</quantity>
long.
</paragraph>
<caption id="E7D4663AFF89FFF4FF0CF825FBD641F1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3770251" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3770251" box="[151,1137,2001,2023]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3770251/files/figure.png" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" startId="18.[151,250,2001,2023]" targetBox="[193,1407,508,1980]" targetPageId="18">
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF89FFF4FF0CF825FBD641F1" blockId="18.[151,1137,2001,2023]" box="[151,1137,2001,2023]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF89FFF4FF0CF825FEB541F1" bold="true" box="[151,274,2001,2023]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
Adult female of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF89FFF4FE24F826FC8741F1" authority="Gullan &amp; Kondo" authorityName="Gullan &amp; Kondo" authorityYear="2018" box="[447,800,2001,2023]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heckrothi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF89FFF4FE24F826FDC841F1" box="[447,623,2001,2023]" italics="true" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">Coccus heckrothi</emphasis>
Gullan &amp; Kondo
</taxonomicName>
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF89FFF4FCBDF826FCF841F1" bold="true" box="[806,863,2002,2023]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19">
<taxonomicNameLabel id="9AEC57DBFF89FFF4FCBDF826FCF841F1" box="[806,863,2002,2023]" pageId="18" pageNumber="19" rank="species">sp. n.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</emphasis>
Abbreviations as in Fig. 3.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF88FFF5FF5CFF6DFD4F4773" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,1509]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF88FFF5FF5CFF6DFE8546A6" box="[199,290,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Margin.</emphasis>
Eyespots, if visible, each
<quantity id="74539B57FF88FFF5FDC4FF63FD7046A6" box="[607,727,151,176]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="27.5" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="20.0">20–35 µm</quantity>
in maximum dimension, on margin but difficult to discern. Marginal setae (mset) in 1 row, most setae sharply spinose, rarely with apices fimbriate or bifurcate, each 12–45 (mostly 20–40) µm long, setae near anal cleft with tendency to be shorter and more fimbriate at apices than setae of rest of margin; with 10–21 setae between anterior and posterior stigmatic areas on side of body. Stigmatic setae (stgset) well developed, sharply spinose, typically numbering 3 per cleft, median setae longest, each
<quantity id="74539B57FF88FFF5FABCFEDCFA3B4756" box="[1319,1436,296,320]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="4.3" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="32.5" valueMax="43.0" valueMin="22.0">22–43 µm</quantity>
long, lateral setae each 12–28 (mostly&gt;15) µm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF88FFF5FF5CFE85FE8B44E6" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,1509]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF88FFF5FF5CFE85FEB7479E" box="[199,272,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Venter.</emphasis>
Derm membranous. Ventral setae (vset) slender, with posterior-most prevulvar pair longest (each seta up to
<quantity id="74539B57FF88FFF5FF4DFE60FEB947BB" box="[214,286,404,429]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="55.0">55 µm</quantity>
long), elsewhere shorter, each
<quantity id="74539B57FF88FFF5FDE1FE60FD7947BB" box="[634,734,404,429]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="13.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="7.0">7–20 µm</quantity>
long. Interantennal setae numbering 3 pairs, each seta ≤
<quantity id="74539B57FF88FFF5FACFFE60FA3B47BB" box="[1364,1436,404,429]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 µm</quantity>
long. Ventral tubular ducts (vtd) present in a broad submarginal band; each duct with outer ductule
<quantity id="74539B57FF88FFF5FB71FE43FAFA47C6" box="[1258,1373,439,464]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="17.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="15.0">15–20 µm</quantity>
long, inner ductule usually
<quantity id="74539B57FF88FFF5FE10FE28FE5847E3" box="[395,511,476,501]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="16.5" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="15.0">15–18 µm</quantity>
long, and duct opening about
<quantity id="74539B57FF88FFF5FCCCFE28FC3647E3" box="[855,913,476,501]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 µm</quantity>
wide. Ventral microducts (vmic) each about
<quantity id="74539B57FF88FFF5FA15FE28FF1B440E" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 µm</quantity>
wide, scattered fairly evenly on venter. Pregenital disc-pores (pgp) each with 8–10 loculi, each pore
<quantity id="74539B57FF88FFF5FADFFE0BFA3B440E" box="[1348,1436,511,536]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="6.0">6–7 µm</quantity>
wide. Antennae (ant) 7 (rarely 6 or 8) segmented, each
<quantity id="74539B57FF88FFF5FC92FDD0FC3F442B" box="[777,920,548,573]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.475" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="2.25" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="247.5" valueMax="270.0" valueMin="225.0">225–270 µm</quantity>
long, fleshy setae present on last 3 segments. Clypeolabral shield
<quantity id="74539B57FF88FFF5FEE3FDB3FDAF4476" box="[376,520,583,608]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.69" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.58" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="269.0" valueMax="280.0" valueMin="258.0">258–280 µm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="74539B57FF88FFF5FDD4FDB3FD7A4476" box="[591,733,583,608]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.3" metricValueMax="2.55" metricValueMin="2.05" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="230.0" valueMax="255.0" valueMin="205.0">205–255 µm</quantity>
wide; labium
<quantity id="74539B57FF88FFF5FCE5FDBCFBAB4476" box="[894,1036,584,608]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="115.0" valueMax="120.0" valueMin="110.0">110–120 µm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="74539B57FF88FFF5FBC8FDB3FB454476" box="[1107,1250,583,608]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="140.0" valueMax="150.0" valueMin="130.0">130–150 µm</quantity>
wide. Legs with hind trochanter + femur
<quantity id="74539B57FF88FFF5FE33FD98FD914493" box="[424,566,620,645]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.675" metricValueMax="1.85" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="167.5" valueMax="185.0" valueMin="150.0">150–185 µm</quantity>
long; hind tibia + tarsus
<quantity id="74539B57FF88FFF5FCD6FD98FC7C4493" box="[845,987,620,645]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="170.0" valueMax="190.0" valueMin="150.0">150–190 µm</quantity>
long; all tarsal digitules each
<quantity id="74539B57FF88FFF5FAB1FD98FA3B4493" box="[1322,1436,620,645]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="35.0" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="30.0">30–40 µm</quantity>
long; claw digitules each
<quantity id="74539B57FF88FFF5FE20FD64FD9744BE" box="[443,560,656,680]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="25.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="20.0">20–30 µm</quantity>
long, claws each
<quantity id="74539B57FF88FFF5FD65FD64FCD544BE" box="[766,882,656,680]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.8" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="28.0" valueMax="32.0" valueMin="24.0">24–32 µm</quantity>
long. Spiracles normal: anterior peritremes each
<quantity id="74539B57FF88FFF5FF0CFD40FEAC44DB" box="[151,267,692,717]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="70.0" valueMax="80.0" valueMin="60.0">60–80 µm</quantity>
wide; posterior peritremes each
<quantity id="74539B57FF88FFF5FD1CFD40FD5B44DB" box="[647,764,692,717]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.9" metricValueMax="8.8" metricValueMin="7.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="79.0" valueMax="88.0" valueMin="70.0">70–88 µm</quantity>
wide. Spiracular pores (spp) each
<quantity id="74539B57FF88FFF5FB0BFD40FB4E44DB" box="[1168,1257,692,717]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4–5 µm</quantity>
wide, typically with 5 loculi.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBB16539FF88FFF5FF5CFD08FB2D43F3" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF88FFF5FF5CFD08FEF54222" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,1509]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF88FFF5FF5CFD08FEE84503" bold="true" box="[199,335,764,789]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Comments.</emphasis>
Adult females
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF88FFF5FD9AFD08FD0B4503" box="[513,684,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF88FFF5FDBBFD09FD0B4503" authorityName="Gullan &amp; Kondo" authorityYear="2018" box="[544,684,764,789]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heckrothi">C. heckrothi</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
can be distinguished from all the other species of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF88FFF5FB6FFD09FAE14502" box="[1268,1350,765,788]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF88FFF5FB6FFD09FAE14502" box="[1268,1350,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Coccus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
known from
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF88FFF5FF4DFCD5FEFE452E" box="[214,345,801,824]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF88FFF5FF4DFCD5FEFE452E" box="[214,345,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Macaranga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having the combination of (i) anal plates each with 12–23 dorsal setae, each seta
<quantity id="74539B57FF88FFF5FAB3FCEBFA3B452E" box="[1320,1436,799,824]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="21.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="18.0">18–25 µm</quantity>
long; (ii) short, slender dorsal setae, each mostly
<quantity id="74539B57FF88FFF5FD5BFCB0FC93454B" box="[704,820,836,861]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="12.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="10.0">10–15 µm</quantity>
long and tapering to apex; and (iii) marginal setae in a single row and with each seta sharply spinose, mostly
<quantity id="74539B57FF88FFF5FD64FC9CFCD44596" box="[767,883,872,896]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="30.0" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="20.0">20–40 µm</quantity>
long and rarely with apex fimbriate or bifurcate. The adult females of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF88FFF5FE1FFC79FDAA45B3" authorityName="Gullan &amp; Kondo" authorityYear="2018" box="[388,525,908,933]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heckrothi">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF88FFF5FE1FFC79FDAA45B3" box="[388,525,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">C. heckrothi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are most similar to those of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF88FFF5FCD0FC79FC5145B2" box="[843,1014,909,932]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="penangensis">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF88FFF5FCD0FC79FC5145B2" box="[843,1014,909,932]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">C. penangensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the number of dorsal setae on each anal plate (
<quantity id="74539B57FF88FFF5FE88FC44FED045DE" box="[275,375,943,968]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.318" metricValueMax="5.842" metricValueMin="2.794" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="in" value="17.0" valueMax="23.0" valueMin="11.0">11–23 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF88FFF5FEE5FC44FD8D45DE" box="[382,554,944,968]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="penangensis">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF88FFF5FEE5FC44FD8D45DE" box="[382,554,944,968]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">C. penangensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and in having short and slender dorsal body setae (mostly &lt;
<quantity id="74539B57FF88FFF5FB41FC44FA8345DE" box="[1242,1316,944,968]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 µm</quantity>
long in
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF88FFF5FA19FC44FE8545FA" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="penangensis">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF88FFF5FA19FC44FE8545FA" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">C. penangensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), but differ in that the marginal setae of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF88FFF5FC91FC21FC3045FB" authorityName="Gullan &amp; Kondo" authorityYear="2018" box="[778,919,980,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heckrothi">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF88FFF5FC91FC21FC3045FB" box="[778,919,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">C. heckrothi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
mostly have sharply pointed apices (mostly bifurcate or fimbriate in
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF88FFF5FE33FC0CFDF34206" box="[424,596,1016,1040]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="penangensis">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF88FFF5FE33FC0CFDF34206" box="[424,596,1016,1040]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">C. penangensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and the lateral stigmatic setae are mostly&gt;
<quantity id="74539B57FF88FFF5FBDBFC03FB2F4206" box="[1088,1160,1015,1040]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 µm</quantity>
(usually &lt;
<quantity id="74539B57FF88FFF5FA9BFC03FAE04206" box="[1280,1351,1015,1040]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 µm</quantity>
long in
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF88FFF5FF0CFBE9FEE54222" box="[151,322,1053,1076]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="penangensis">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF88FFF5FF0CFBE9FEE54222" box="[151,322,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">C. penangensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF88FFF5FF5CFBB4FB2D43F3" blockId="19.[151,1437,151,1509]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF88FFF5FF5CFBB4FE2A424E" authorityName="Gullan &amp; Kondo" authorityYear="2018" box="[199,397,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heckrothi">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF88FFF5FF5CFBB4FE2A424E" box="[199,397,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Coccus heckrothi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been collected only on the northern half of Borneo in North Kalimantan,
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF88FFF5FABEFBCBFACE424E" box="[1317,1385,1087,1112]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Sabah</collectingRegion>
and
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF88FFF5FF0CFB90FF5D426B" box="[151,250,1124,1149]" name="Malaysia" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
, at a range of altitudes. The three adult females from North Kalimantan and the two from Crocker Range in
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF88FFF5FF2EFB73FF5E42B6" box="[181,249,1159,1184]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Sabah</collectingRegion>
differ from the females collected in the area of Lambir Hills in having shorter (
<quantity id="74539B57FF88FFF5FB16FB7CFAA342B6" box="[1165,1284,1160,1184]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="13.5" valueMax="17.0" valueMin="10.0">10–17 µm</quantity>
) setae on the anal plates and, for two Kalimantan specimens, more numerous (20–40) preopercular pores.
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF88FFF5FB37FB59FAC842D3" authorityName="Gullan &amp; Kondo" authorityYear="2018" box="[1196,1391,1196,1221]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heckrothi">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF88FFF5FB37FB59FAC842D3" box="[1196,1391,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Coccus heckrothi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been found inside the hollow stems of seven
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF88FFF5FD3BFB25FC8442FE" box="[672,803,1233,1256]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF88FFF5FD3BFB25FC8442FE" box="[672,803,1233,1256]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Macaranga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species belonging to both sections
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF88FFF5FB27FB3BFAF642FE" box="[1212,1361,1231,1256]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Pachystemon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF88FFF5FB27FB3BFAF642FE" box="[1212,1361,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Pachystemon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(three species) and
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF88FFF5FEB6FB01FE07431A" box="[301,416,1269,1292]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Pruinosae</emphasis>
(four species). Specimens of a species very similar to
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF88FFF5FBBBFB01FB0A431B" authorityName="Gullan &amp; Kondo" authorityYear="2018" box="[1056,1197,1268,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heckrothi">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF88FFF5FBBBFB01FB0A431B" box="[1056,1197,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">C. heckrothi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
were collected from
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF88FFF5FF0CFAECFE674326" box="[151,448,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF88FFF5FF0CFAECFEB84339" box="[151,287,1304,1327]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Crypteroniaceae" genus="Crypteronia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Crypteronia</taxonomicName>
?macrophylla
</emphasis>
(Crypteroniacae) in association with
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF88FFF5FCFEFAE3FC5F4326" authorityName="Wheeler" authorityYear="1920" box="[869,1016,1303,1328]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cladomyrma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF88FFF5FCFEFAE3FC5F4326" box="[869,1016,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Cladomyrma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ants in the Lambir Hills area (Achim Moog, #95/83,
<date id="C7151072FF88FFF5FEDFFAC8FE7C4343" box="[324,475,1340,1365]" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" value="1995-02-23">23 Feb. 1995</date>
). The adult females of the coccids from
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF88FFF5FC3BFAC9FB8F4342" box="[928,1064,1341,1364]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Crypteroniaceae" genus="Crypteronia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF88FFF5FC3BFAC9FB8F4342" box="[928,1064,1341,1364]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Crypteronia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
differ from those of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF88FFF5FA89FAC9FA3B4343" authorityName="Gullan &amp; Kondo" authorityYear="2018" box="[1298,1436,1340,1365]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heckrothi">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF88FFF5FA89FAC9FA3B4343" box="[1298,1436,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">C. heckrothi</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having longer (~
<quantity id="74539B57FF88FFF5FEE9FAABFE67436E" box="[370,448,1375,1400]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="25.0">25 µm</quantity>
) and more slender setae on the anal plates, shorter (~
<quantity id="74539B57FF88FFF5FBBDFA94FBD4436F" box="[1062,1139,1376,1401]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 µm</quantity>
long) marginal setae, and smaller (~
<quantity id="74539B57FF88FFF5FE92FA70FEE3438B" box="[265,324,1412,1437]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" unit="mm" value="3.0">3 µm</quantity>
diameter) and more numerous (&gt;20) preopercular pores. Mealybugs (
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF88FFF5FBC8FA70FAAD438B" box="[1107,1290,1412,1437]" class="Insecta" family="Pseudococcidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Pseudococcidae</taxonomicName>
) and coccids have been reported associated with
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF88FFF5FDDEFA53FD7F43D6" authorityName="Wheeler" authorityYear="1920" box="[581,728,1447,1472]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cladomyrma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF88FFF5FDDEFA53FD7F43D6" box="[581,728,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Cladomyrma</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ants in the hollowed-out stems of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF88FFF5FB1DFA5CFEAA43F3" authority="in Peninsular" authorityName="in Peninsular" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Crypteroniaceae" genus="Crypteronia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="19" pageNumber="20" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="griffithii">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF88FFF5FB1DFA5CFADE43D6" box="[1158,1401,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Crypteronia griffithii</emphasis>
in Peninsular
</taxonomicName>
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF88FFF5FE8FFA38FEDC43F3" box="[276,379,1484,1509]" name="Malaysia" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
(Maschwitz
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF88FFF5FD96FA39FDE243F3" box="[525,581,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="19" pageNumber="20">et al.</emphasis>
1991) but the identity of those coccids is unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

855
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<mods:title id="A79EC7D09AEAC168A5E541D292AA9A75">Taxonomy of coccids (Hemiptera: Coccidae: Coccus L.) associated with Crematogaster ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the stems of Macaranga plants (Euphorbiaceae) in Southeast Asia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="AFF112440BC1EC2938789AE63DC23A0D">Gullan, Penny J.</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="DB7FA95CF50417E8A33EBFF3D50D9D1F">Division of Ecology &amp; Evolution, Research School of Biology, College of Science, The Australian National University, Acton, Canberra, A. C. T. 2601, Australia. E-mail: penelope. gullan @ anu. edu. au</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="5A9A59663562003EAA138545A060D1CB">Kondo, Takumasa</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="18BCF394470D083039B2D5B419420575">Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (Agrosavia), Centro de Investigación Palmira, Calle 23, Carrera 37 Continuo al Penal, Palmira, Valle, Colombia. E-mail: tkondo @ agrosavia. co</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="9FCA45ED8DDCDD53572602E3E929C610">Fiala, Brigitte</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="FC57A5965AB57D088F4CF080316B8275">Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany. Email: fiala @ biozentrum. uni-wuerzburg. de</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="5996340171B140A2BA2493664895BE6D">Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley 94720, U. S. A. E-mail: queksp @ gmail. com</mods:affiliation>
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<heading id="E85C81DEFF8EFFF3FF0CF8F1FDAD4109" bold="true" box="[151,522,1797,1823]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" reason="1">
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<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8EFFF3FF0CF8F1FE2C4109" bold="true" box="[151,395,1797,1823]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Coccus macarangae</emphasis>
Morrison
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(
<figureCitation id="2B902A37FF8EFFF3FF04F8B8FE954172" box="[159,306,1868,1893]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1776,1798]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,381,1742]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[150,1436,373,1754]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Live coccids and ants inside the cut stems of Macaranga plants: A, C. macarangae Morrison, in M. winkleri, Luasong, Sabah, Borneo (E. Linsenmair, 2003 BF #96); B, C. macarangae, in M. beccariana, Temburong, Brunei, Borneo (P.J. Gullan, PJG-B16); C, C. penangensis Morrison, in M. glandibracteolata, Poring, Sabah, Borneo (B. Fiala, 2003 BF #2); D, C. penangensis, in Macaranga sp., Temburong, Brunei, Borneo (P.J. Gullan, PJG-B31); E, C. pseudotumuliferus Gullan &amp; Kondo sp. n., in M. pearsonii, Tawau, Sabah, Borneo (B. Fiala, 2003 BF #64); F, C. secretus Morrison, in M. indistincta, Tawau, Sabah, Borneo (B. Fiala, 2003 #95). All photographs taken by the collector specified in parentheses." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3770245" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3770245/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Figs 2A &amp; B</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2B902A37FF8EFFF3FEA5F8B9FEE94172" box="[318,334,1869,1892]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="25.[151,250,2006,2028]" captionTargetBox="[191,1411,231,1967]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[151,1437,193,1985]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 7. Adult female of Coccus macarangae Morrison. Abbreviations as in Fig. 3." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3770255" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3770255/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">7</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation id="2B902A37FF8EFFF3FEC1F8B8FECF4172" box="[346,360,1868,1892]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1951,1973]" captionTargetBox="[253,1352,231,1918]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[222,1366,193,1939]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 8. First-instar nymph of Coccus macarangae Morrison. Abbreviations for enlargements: ar—anal ring; dset—dorsal seta; mset—marginal setae; sp—simple pore; spp—spiracular pore; stgset—stigmatic setae; vcs—ventral cephalic seta; vmicventral microduct; vset—ventral seta." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3770257" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3770257/files/figure.png" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">8</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B31436B2FF8EFFF3FF0CF860FDE241BC" blockId="21.[151,581,1940,1962]" box="[151,581,1940,1962]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93BB119CFF8EFFF3FF0CF860FDE241BC" box="[151,581,1940,1962]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<treatmentCitation id="320A10A3FF8EFFF3FF0CF860FDE741BC" author="Morrison, H." box="[151,576,1940,1962]" page="663" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" year="1921">
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8EFFF3FF0CF860FDE741BC" ID-CoL="WMMB" authority="Morrison, 1921: 663" authorityName="Morrison" authorityPageNumber="663" authorityYear="1921" box="[151,576,1940,1962]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macarangae">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8EFFF3FF0CF860FEC141BC" box="[151,358,1940,1962]" italics="true" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Coccus macarangae</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D73A4B43FF8EFFF3FEF7F860FDE741BC" author="Morrison, H." box="[364,576,1940,1962]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" pagination="637 - 677" refId="ref46837" refString="Morrison, H. (1921) Some nondiaspine Coccidae from the Malay Peninsula, with descriptions of apparently new species. The Philippine Journal of Science, 18, 637 - 677." type="journal article" year="1921">Morrison, 1921: 663</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<subSubSection id="FBB16539FF8EFFF1FF0CF822FBB54343" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF8EFFF3FF0CF822FA3B41F8" blockId="21.[151,1436,2006,2031]" box="[151,1436,2006,2031]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8EFFF3FF0CF822FE1841F9" bold="true" box="[151,447,2006,2031]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Type material examined.</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="03C33CEFFF8EFFF3FE5DF822FA3B41F8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608963730" box="[454,1436,2006,2031]" country="Malaysia" location="Selandar forest" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" specimenCount="1" typeStatus="holotype">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8EFFF3FE5DF822FD9441F9" bold="true" box="[454,563,2006,2031]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
<typeStatus id="6C108810FF8EFFF3FE5DF822FD9441F9" box="[454,563,2006,2031]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
: adult female,
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8EFFF3FD40F822FB9041F9" bold="true" box="[731,1079,2006,2031]" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">
PENINSULAR
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF8EFFF3FC03F822FB9541F9" box="[920,1074,2006,2031]" name="Malaysia" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">MALAYSIA</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<location id="B6746069FF8EFFF3FBA5F822FB4D41F9" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B0287A4FF8EFFFEFF0CF8F1FC0B4326:B6746069FF8EFFF3FBA5F822FB4D41F9" box="[1086,1258,2006,2031]" country="Malaysia" name="Selandar forest" pageId="21" pageNumber="22">Selandar forest</location>
, in hollow stem
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF8DFFF0FF0CFF63FE4046C2" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FF2CFF6DFE9D46A6" box="[183,314,153,176]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FF2CFF6DFE9D46A6" box="[183,314,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Macaranga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, date not given, coll. I.H. Burkill,
<typeStatus id="6C108810FF8DFFF0FD5CFF63FC8846A6" box="[711,815,151,176]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
1(1) (
<collectionCode id="D5BAAE77FF8DFFF0FCECFF6CFC6946A6" box="[887,974,152,176]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
).
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FC79FF63FBC446A6" bold="true" box="[994,1123,151,176]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<typeStatus id="6C108810FF8DFFF0FC79FF63FBF846A6" box="[994,1119,151,176]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
</emphasis>
same data as
<typeStatus id="6C108810FF8DFFF0FA9EFF63FACD46A6" box="[1285,1386,151,176]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, 1(6 first-instar nymphs) (
<collectionCode id="D5BAAE77FF8DFFF0FE18FF48FE7D46C2" box="[387,474,188,212]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF8DFFF0FF5CFF2BFAD3479E" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FF5CFF2BFB1946EE" bold="true" box="[199,1214,223,248]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
Examined non-type material from original collection. PENINSULAR
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF8DFFF0FB84FF2BFB1E46EE" box="[1055,1209,223,248]" name="Malaysia" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">MALAYSIA</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
Selandar forest, in hollow stem of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FED3FEF1FDB9470B" box="[328,542,260,285]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="triloba">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FED3FEF1FDB9470B" box="[328,542,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Macaranga triloba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[now correctly named
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FCBEFEF1FC0C470B" box="[805,939,260,285]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bancana">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FCBEFEF1FC0C470B" box="[805,939,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. bancana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
], date not given, coll. I.H. Burkill, 5-a or 6, two slides also with &quot;1319&quot; in pencil, 3(10) (
<collectionCode id="D5BAAE77FF8DFFF0FD3CFEDCFCA64756" box="[679,769,296,320]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">BMNH</collectionCode>
). These three BMNH slides have similar data to the
<typeStatus id="6C108810FF8DFFF0FAF7FEDCFA3B4756" box="[1388,1436,296,320]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">type</typeStatus>
collection listed above and one slide has the same Burkill collection number as provided by
<bibRefCitation id="D73A4B43FF8DFFF0FB05FEB8FAFF4772" author="Morrison, H." box="[1182,1368,332,357]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="637 - 677" refId="ref46837" refString="Morrison, H. (1921) Some nondiaspine Coccidae from the Malay Peninsula, with descriptions of apparently new species. The Philippine Journal of Science, 18, 637 - 677." type="journal article" year="1921">Morrison (1921)</bibRefCitation>
in his original description of this species, but they are not
<typeStatus id="6C108810FF8DFFF0FD40FE84FCAC479E" box="[731,779,368,392]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">type</typeStatus>
specimens, as explained in the Materials and methods.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF8DFFF0FF5CFE60FB514046" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FF5CFE60FD3F47BB" bold="true" box="[199,664,404,429]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Other material examined: BORNEO:</emphasis>
Brunei, Batu Apoi Forest Reserve,
<geoCoordinate id="D69F5075FF8DFFF0FBD1FE60FB1347BA" box="[1098,1204,404,428]" degrees="4" direction="north" minutes="33" orientation="latitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" precision="925" value="4.55">4° 33' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="D69F5075FF8DFFF0FB5FFE60FAE247BA" box="[1220,1349,404,429]" degrees="115" direction="east" minutes="09" orientation="longitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" precision="925" value="115.15">115° 09' E</geoCoordinate>
, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FAE6FE61FEB247C6" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="beccariana">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FAE6FE61FEB247C6" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. beccariana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FEBFFE4DFE7E47C6" authorityName=", Dec" authorityYear="1992" box="[292,473,439,464]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trachyphylla">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FEBFFE4DFE7E47C6" box="[292,473,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. trachyphylla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
&amp;
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FD9BFE4DFD2447C6" box="[512,643,441,464]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FD9BFE4DFD2447C6" box="[512,643,441,464]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Macaranga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp., 3–30 Aug. &amp;
<date id="C7151072FF8DFFF0FCC0FE4CFC4947C6" box="[859,1006,439,464]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1995-09-01">1 Sept. 1995</date>
, coll. P.J. Gullan, PJG-B7: 12(
<specimenCount id="A5ADFD3BFF8DFFF0FAD5FE4CFA3B47C6" box="[1358,1436,439,464]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="adult">8 adult</specimenCount>
females, 3 third-instar females &amp; 8 first-instar nymphs), PJG-B10: 8(
<specimenCount id="A5ADFD3BFF8DFFF0FC2DFE28FBAF47E3" box="[950,1032,476,501]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="adult">4 adult</specimenCount>
females, 1 pharate adult female, 1 third-instar female &amp; 14 first-instar nymphs), PJG-B14: 4(4), PJG-B15: 5(5), PJG-B16: 9(9), PJG-B21: 8(8), PJG- B22: 2(
<specimenCount id="A5ADFD3BFF8DFFF0FF74FDD0FEE6442B" box="[239,321,548,573]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="adult">2 adult</specimenCount>
females &amp; 1 third-instar female on slide with
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FCF1FDD1FBF9442B" authorityName="Gullan &amp; Kondo" authorityYear="2018" box="[874,1118,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudotumuliferus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FCF1FDD1FBF9442B" box="[874,1118,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">C. pseudotumuliferus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), PJG-B23: 1(1) (coll. P.S. Cranston), PJG-B25: 2(2), PJG-B29: 7(7), PJG-B46: 2(
<specimenCount id="A5ADFD3BFF8DFFF0FC9CFDBCFCF74476" box="[775,848,583,608]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
female &amp; 1 third-instar female), PJG-B47: 7(
<specimenCount id="A5ADFD3BFF8DFFF0FACBFDBCFA3B4476" box="[1360,1436,583,608]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="adult">3 adult</specimenCount>
females, 3 third-instar females &amp; 1 third-instar female pharate in second-instar cuticle), PJG-B50: 1(1), PJG-B52: 3(
<specimenCount id="A5ADFD3BFF8DFFF0FF36FD64FF5B44BE" box="[173,252,655,680]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="adult">2 adult</specimenCount>
females &amp; 4 first-instar nymphs), PJG-B55: 1(1), PJG-B56: 1(1), PJG-B58: 4(
<specimenCount id="A5ADFD3BFF8DFFF0FBECFD64FB6344BE" box="[1143,1220,655,680]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="adult">3 adult</specimenCount>
females &amp; 1 thirdinstar female) &amp; PJG-B70: 3(3);
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF8DFFF0FD8DFD40FDFA44DB" box="[534,605,692,717]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Sabah</collectingRegion>
, Crocker Range, Keningau to Ulu Kimanis trail, ~
<geoCoordinate id="D69F5075FF8DFFF0FB33FD40FAA144DA" box="[1192,1286,692,717]" degrees="5.28" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" precision="555" value="5.28">5.28° N</geoCoordinate>
, ~
<geoCoordinate id="D69F5075FF8DFFF0FAB9FD40FA3044DA" box="[1314,1431,692,717]" degrees="116.05" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" precision="555" value="116.05">116.05° E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="74539B57FF8DFFF0FF0CFD2CFF4A44F9" box="[151,237,728,752]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="1100.0">1100 m</quantity>
, ex
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FE81FD2DFE0E44E6" box="[282,425,727,752]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FE81FD2DFE0244E6" authorityName="S. J. Davies" authorityYear="1999" box="[282,421,727,752]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angulata">M. angulata</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<date id="C7151072FF8DFFF0FE2AFD2CFDE144E6" box="[433,582,728,752]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1999-10-19">19 Oct. 1999</date>
, coll. S.-P. Quek, SPQ.133, DNA voucher 1(1);
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF8DFFF0FBF8FD23FB0D44E6" box="[1123,1194,727,752]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Sabah</collectingRegion>
, Crocker Range, near Majora, ~
<quantity id="74539B57FF8DFFF0FE9FFD08FEE84502" box="[260,335,764,789]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="500.0">500 m</quantity>
, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FEE5FD09FDBD4503" box="[382,538,764,789]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="indistincta">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FEE5FD09FDBD4503" box="[382,538,764,789]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. indistincta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7151072FF8DFFF0FDB2FD08FD184502" box="[553,703,764,789]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1999-10-16">16 Oct. 1999</date>
, coll. S.-P. Quek, SPQ.108a, DNA voucher 1(1);
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF8DFFF0FB74FD08FA914503" box="[1263,1334,764,789]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Sabah</collectingRegion>
, Crocker Range, Tambunan to Kota Kinabalu Rd, Rafflesia Reserve,
<quantity id="74539B57FF8DFFF0FCA4FCD4FC3F4521" box="[831,920,800,824]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</quantity>
,
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FC3EFCD5FB91452E" box="[933,1078,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FC3EFCD5FB95452E" authorityName="S. J. Davies" authorityYear="1999" box="[933,1074,799,824]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angulata">M. angulata</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<date id="C7151072FF8DFFF0FBA4FCEBFB71452E" box="[1087,1238,799,824]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1999-10-15">15 Oct. 1999</date>
, coll. S.-P. Quek, S.-P. Quek, SPQ.099, DNA voucher 1(1);
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF8DFFF0FDEDFCB0FD1A454B" box="[630,701,836,861]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Sabah</collectingRegion>
, Crocker Range, forest behind Tambunan,
<quantity id="74539B57FF8DFFF0FB39FCB0FB4B454A" box="[1186,1260,836,861]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="600.0">600 m</quantity>
,
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FB63FCB1FA3B454B" box="[1272,1436,836,861]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FB63FCB1FA3F454B" box="[1272,1432,836,861]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="indistincta">M. indistincta</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<date id="C7151072FF8DFFF0FF0CFC9CFE954596" box="[151,306,872,896]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1999-10-18">18 Oct. 1999</date>
, coll. S.-P. Quek, S.-P. Quek, SPQ.123, DNA voucher 1(1);
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF8DFFF0FC68FC93FB9D4596" box="[1011,1082,871,896]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Sabah</collectingRegion>
, Crocker Range, Tambunan to Trusmadi trail,
<quantity id="74539B57FF8DFFF0FED2FC78FE0445B2" box="[329,419,908,932]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="1200.0">1200 m</quantity>
,
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FE2AFC79FDE345B3" box="[433,580,908,933]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FE2AFC79FDE745B3" authorityName="S. J. Davies" authorityYear="1999" box="[433,576,908,933]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angulata">M. angulata</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<date id="C7151072FF8DFFF0FDD5FC78FD4F45B2" box="[590,744,908,932]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1999-10-23">23 Oct. 1999</date>
, coll. S.-P. Quek, S.-P. Quek, SPQ.156, DNA voucher 1(1);
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF8DFFF0FF0CFC5BFF7945DE" box="[151,222,943,968]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Sabah</collectingRegion>
, Crocker Range, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FE56FC45FDEA45DE" box="[461,589,943,968]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hullettii">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FE56FC45FDEA45DE" box="[461,589,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. hullettii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7151072FF8DFFF0FDC5FC44FD5D45DE" box="[606,762,944,968]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="2001-04-13">13 Apr. 2001</date>
, coll. B. Fiala, #13 (TK0017), DNA voucher 1(1);
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF8DFFF0FACBFC5BFA3045DE" box="[1360,1431,943,968]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Sabah</collectingRegion>
, Luasong, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FEB5FC21FE1345FB" box="[302,436,980,1005]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="winkleri">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FEB5FC21FE1345FB" box="[302,436,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. winkleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7151072FF8DFFF0FE5EFC20FDFA45FA" box="[453,605,980,1004]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="2003-09-04">4 Sept. 2003</date>
, coll. B. Fiala, #96, 5(5) (2
<collectionCode id="D5BAAE77FF8DFFF0FC35FC20FC5245FA" box="[942,1013,980,1004]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" name="Australian National Insect Collection" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">ANIC</collectionCode>
, 3
<collectionCode id="D5BAAE77FF8DFFF0FB86FC20FBC045FA" box="[1053,1127,980,1004]" country="Malaysia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rw2k-chgr" name="Forest Research Institute, Malaysia" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">FRIM</collectionCode>
);
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF8DFFF0FBE5FC20FB6245FB" box="[1150,1221,980,1005]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Sabah</collectingRegion>
, Ranau, Langanan [waterfall], ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FEDEFC0DFE754206" box="[325,466,1015,1040]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="depressa">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FEDEFC0DFE754206" box="[325,466,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. depressa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[now correctly named
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FD73FC0DFCD14206" authorityName="S. J. Davies" authorityYear="1999" box="[744,886,1015,1040]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angulata">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FD73FC0DFCD14206" box="[744,886,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. angulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
],
<date id="C7151072FF8DFFF0FC09FC03FBAE4206" box="[914,1033,1015,1040]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1992-02">Feb. 1992</date>
, coll. B. Fiala, #23a, 2(2);
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF8DFFF0FACBFC03FA304206" box="[1360,1431,1015,1040]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Sabah</collectingRegion>
, Penangpang [=Penampang), roadside, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FDF2FBE9FD494223" box="[617,750,1052,1077]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bancana">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FDF2FBE9FD494223" box="[617,750,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. bancana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7151072FF8DFFF0FD67FBE8FC314222" box="[764,918,1052,1076]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="2002-03-28">28 Mar. 2002</date>
, coll. B. Fiala, #135 (TK0095), DNA voucher 1(1);
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF8DFFF0FF4CFBCBFEB9424E" box="[215,286,1087,1112]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Sabah</collectingRegion>
, Poring, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FE35FBB5FD9D424E" authorityName="S. J. Davies" authorityYear="1999" box="[430,570,1087,1112]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="angulata">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FE35FBB5FD9D424E" box="[430,570,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. angulata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7151072FF8DFFF0FDD0FBCBFD4C424E" box="[587,747,1087,1112]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="2002-03-25">25 Mar. 2002</date>
, coll. B. Fiala, #110 (TK0100), DNA voucher 1(1);
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF8DFFF0FACBFBCBFA30424E" box="[1360,1431,1087,1112]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Sabah</collectingRegion>
, Poring, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FE8DFB91FE3C426B" box="[278,411,1124,1149]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="winkleri">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FE8DFB91FE3C426B" box="[278,411,1124,1149]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. winkleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7151072FF8DFFF0FE30FB90FDE1426A" box="[427,582,1124,1148]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="2001-04-18">18 Apr. 2001</date>
, coll. B. Fiala, #161 (TK0045), DNA voucher 1(1);
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF8DFFF0FB32FB90FB57426B" box="[1193,1264,1124,1149]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Sabah</collectingRegion>
, Poring, ex
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FAE6FB91FEBC42B6" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
M.?
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FF3AFB73FEBC42B6" box="[161,283,1159,1184]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="indistincta">indistincta</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
,
<date id="C7151072FF8DFFF0FEB2FB7CFE6742B6" box="[297,448,1159,1184]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1992-02-20">20 Feb. 1992</date>
, B. Fiala, #32a, 2(
<specimenCount id="A5ADFD3BFF8DFFF0FD08FB7CFD7A42B6" box="[659,733,1159,1184]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
female &amp; 1 third-instar female);
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF8DFFF0FBC8FB73FB3D42B6" box="[1107,1178,1159,1184]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Sabah</collectingRegion>
, Tawau, road to Madai Caves, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FE96FB59FE0F42D3" box="[269,424,1196,1221]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="motleyana">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FE96FB59FE0F42D3" box="[269,424,1196,1221]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. motleyana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7151072FF8DFFF0FE23FB58FDF542D2" box="[440,594,1196,1220]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="2002-03-11">11 Mar. 2002</date>
, coll. B. Fiala, #4 (TK0108) &amp; #5 (TK0107), DNA vouchers 2(2);
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF8DFFF0FACBFB58FA3042D3" box="[1360,1431,1196,1221]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Sabah</collectingRegion>
, Tawau Hills, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FECDFB25FE1942FE" baseAuthorityName="Davies" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[342,446,1231,1256]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kingii">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FECDFB25FE1942FE" box="[342,446,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. kingii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[now identified as
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FD3AFB25FC9542FE" box="[673,818,1231,1256]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lamellata">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FD3AFB25FC9542FE" box="[673,818,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. lamellata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
] &amp;
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FCFEFB25FC4E42FE" box="[869,1001,1231,1256]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="winkleri">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FCFEFB25FC4E42FE" box="[869,1001,1231,1256]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. winkleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 4 &amp;
<date id="C7151072FF8DFFF0FBABFB25FB1942FE" box="[1072,1214,1232,1256]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="2001-04-07">7 Apr. 2001</date>
, coll. B. Fiala, #62 (TK0024) &amp; #96 (TK0032), DNA vouchers 2(2);
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF8DFFF0FD70FB00FCE9431B" box="[747,846,1268,1293]" country="Malaysia" name="Sarawak" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Sarawak</collectingRegion>
, Lambir, ex
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FC71FB01FBAE431A" box="[1002,1033,1269,1292]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M.</emphasis>
near
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FBCAFB00FB36431B" baseAuthorityName="Davies" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[1105,1169,1268,1293]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="kingii">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FBCAFB00FB36431B" box="[1105,1169,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">kingii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[now identified as
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FAE6FB01FEA64326" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lamellata">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FAE6FB01FEA64326" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. lamellata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
],
<date id="C7151072FF8DFFF0FE83FAECFE084326" box="[280,431,1303,1328]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1992-02-14">14 Feb. 1992</date>
, B. Fiala, #37a, 2(2) (1
<collectionCode id="D5BAAE77FF8DFFF0FD27FAECFCA44326" box="[700,771,1304,1328]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" name="Australian National Insect Collection" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">ANIC</collectionCode>
, 1
<collectionCode id="D5BAAE77FF8DFFF0FCBEFAECFCC84326" box="[805,879,1304,1328]" country="Malaysia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rw2k-chgr" name="Forest Research Institute, Malaysia" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">FRIM</collectionCode>
);
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF8DFFF0FC19FAE3FC424326" box="[898,997,1303,1328]" country="Malaysia" name="Sarawak" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Sarawak</collectingRegion>
, Lambir, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FBE9FAEDFA3F4326" authority=", Feb. 1992" authorityName="Feb." authorityYear="1992" box="[1138,1432,1303,1328]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="beccariana">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FBE9FAEDFAB14326" box="[1138,1302,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. beccariana</emphasis>
, Feb. 1992
</taxonomicName>
, coll. B. Fiala, #51a, 2(2);
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF8DFFF0FE51FAC8FD8A4343" box="[458,557,1340,1365]" country="Malaysia" name="Sarawak" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Sarawak</collectingRegion>
, Lambir, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FD5FFAC9FCE34343" box="[708,836,1340,1365]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hullettii">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FD5FFAC9FCE34343" box="[708,836,1340,1365]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. hullettii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7151072FF8DFFF0FCCDFAC8FC544342" box="[854,1011,1340,1365]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1992-02-26">26 Feb. 1992</date>
, coll. B. Fiala, #70a, 3(3);
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF8DFFF0FAAEFAC8FA3F4343" box="[1333,1432,1340,1365]" country="Malaysia" name="Sarawak" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Sarawak</collectingRegion>
, Lambir, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FE81FA95FD90436E" authority=", Feb. 1992" authorityName="Feb." authorityYear="1992" box="[282,567,1375,1400]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hypoleuca">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FE81FA95FE14436E" box="[282,435,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. hypoleuca</emphasis>
, Feb. 1992
</taxonomicName>
, coll. B. Fiala, #71a, 3(3);
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF8DFFF0FCF1FAABFC6A436E" box="[874,973,1375,1400]" country="Malaysia" name="Sarawak" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Sarawak</collectingRegion>
,
<quantity id="74539B57FF8DFFF0FC42FA94FBB4436E" box="[985,1043,1375,1400]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="km" value="8.0">8 km</quantity>
Lambir NP, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FB53FA95FF75438A" authority=", Dec. 1992" authorityName="Dec." authorityYear="1992" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lamellata">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FB53FA95FAFE436E" box="[1224,1369,1375,1400]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. lamellata</emphasis>
, Dec. 1992
</taxonomicName>
, coll. H.-P. Heckroth, #109, 2(2);
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF8DFFF0FDEAFA70FD73438B" box="[625,724,1412,1437]" country="Malaysia" name="Sarawak" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Sarawak</collectingRegion>
, Miri, Lambir Nat. Park, ~
<quantity id="74539B57FF8DFFF0FB87FA70FBCA438A" box="[1052,1133,1412,1436]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="400.0">400 m</quantity>
, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FB3DFA71FA8E438A" box="[1190,1321,1413,1436]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FB3DFA71FA8E438A" box="[1190,1321,1413,1436]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Macaranga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. [now identified as
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FEB7FA5DFE1943D6" box="[300,446,1447,1472]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="lamellata">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FEB7FA5DFE1943D6" box="[300,446,1447,1472]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. lamellata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
],
<date id="C7151072FF8DFFF0FE4CFA5CFDD443D6" box="[471,627,1448,1472]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1993-09-27">27 Sept 1993</date>
, coll. A. Moog, #93/172, 3(3).
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FC45FA53FA9A43D6" bold="true" box="[990,1341,1447,1472]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
PENINSULAR
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF8DFFF0FB06FA53FA9043D6" box="[1181,1335,1447,1472]" name="Malaysia" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">MALAYSIA</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
Fraser's Hill, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FF63FA39FEFC43F3" box="[248,347,1484,1509]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hosei">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FF63FA39FEFC43F3" box="[248,347,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. hosei</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
&amp;
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FE1EFA39FD2843F2" authority=", Mar. 1993" authorityName="Mar." authorityYear="1993" box="[389,655,1484,1509]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hullettii">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FE1EFA39FDA243F3" box="[389,517,1484,1509]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. hullettii</emphasis>
, Mar. 1993
</taxonomicName>
, coll. H.-P. Heckroth, #274, #281 &amp; #289, 6(6) (4
<collectionCode id="D5BAAE77FF8DFFF0FB79FA38FA8E43F2" box="[1250,1321,1484,1508]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" name="Australian National Insect Collection" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">ANIC</collectionCode>
, 2
<collectionCode id="D5BAAE77FF8DFFF0FACBFA39FA3E43F2" box="[1360,1433,1485,1508]" country="Malaysia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rw2k-chgr" name="Forest Research Institute, Malaysia" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">FRIM</collectionCode>
: #281); Pasoh, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FEC2FA05FD99401E" authority=", Mar. 1992" authorityName="Mar." authorityYear="1992" box="[345,574,1519,1544]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hosei">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FEC2FA05FE1D401E" box="[345,442,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. hosei</emphasis>
, Mar. 1992
</taxonomicName>
, coll. B. Fiala, #132a &amp; #168a, 3(3); Pasoh, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FBC8FA05FB4B401E" box="[1107,1260,1519,1544]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hypoleuca">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FBC8FA05FB4B401E" box="[1107,1260,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. hypoleuca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7151072FF8DFFF0FB61FA1BFAD8401E" box="[1274,1407,1519,1544]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1992-02-06">6 Feb. 1992</date>
&amp;
<date id="C7151072FF8DFFF0FF0CF9E1FEAB403A" box="[151,268,1556,1580]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1992-03">Mar. 1992</date>
, coll. B. Fiala, #105a: 4(
<specimenCount id="A5ADFD3BFF8DFFF0FDBBF9E0FDCE403B" box="[544,617,1556,1581]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
female &amp; 3 third-instar females) &amp; #193a: 1(1).
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FB1CF9E0FABB403B" bold="true" box="[1159,1308,1556,1581]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">SUMATRA:</emphasis>
Sibolangit, ~
<geoCoordinate id="D69F5075FF8DFFF0FF3CF9CCFEA24059" box="[167,261,1592,1616]" degrees="3" direction="north" minutes="40" orientation="latitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" precision="925" value="3.6666667">3° 40' N</geoCoordinate>
, ~
<geoCoordinate id="D69F5075FF8DFFF0FE84F9CCFE2E4059" box="[287,393,1592,1616]" degrees="98" direction="east" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" precision="925" value="98.333336">98° 20' E</geoCoordinate>
, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FE2DF9CDFD9B4046" box="[438,572,1591,1616]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bancana">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FE2DF9CDFD9B4046" box="[438,572,1591,1616]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">M. bancana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7151072FF8DFFF0FDD1F9CCFD794046" box="[586,734,1592,1616]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1992-10-23">23 Oct. 1992</date>
, coll. U. Maschwitz, sent by B. Fiala, #7a, 2(2).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF8DFFF0FF5CF9A8FC1A4166" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FF5CF9A8FC6C4063" bold="true" box="[199,971,1628,1653]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
Material examined from non-
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FDB2F9A8FD084065" box="[553,687,1628,1651]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FDB2F9A8FD084065" bold="true" box="[553,687,1628,1651]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Macaranga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
host plants: BORNEO:
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF8DFFF0FC48F9A8FBBD4063" box="[979,1050,1628,1653]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Sabah</collectingRegion>
, Ranau, Poring Hot Springs, ~
<quantity id="74539B57FF8DFFF0FAEAF9A8FF084081" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" unit="m" value="700.0">700 m</quantity>
, in domatium of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FEF6F98BFD88408E" box="[365,559,1663,1688]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Myrmeconauclea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FEF6F98BFD88408E" box="[365,559,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Myrmeconauclea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. (
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FDFEF98BFD47408E" box="[613,736,1663,1688]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Rubiaceae</taxonomicName>
),
<date id="C7151072FF8DFFF0FD69F974FC2C408E" box="[754,907,1663,1688]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1995-03-24">24 Mar. 1995</date>
, coll. A. Moog, #95/149, 1(1).
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FB7DF98BFE9140AB" bold="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
PENINSULAR
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF8DFFF0FF0CF950FE9540AB" box="[151,306,1700,1725]" name="Malaysia" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">MALAYSIA</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF8DFFF0FEA4F950FE0340AB" box="[319,420,1700,1725]" country="Malaysia" name="Selangor" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Selangor</collectingRegion>
, Ulu Gombak, ex hollow stem of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FCB0F951FB1A40AB" authorityName="King" authorityYear="1890" box="[811,1213,1700,1725]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Achariaceae" genus="Ryparosa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="fasciculata">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FCB0F951FBBF40AB" box="[811,1048,1700,1725]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Ryparosa fasciculata</emphasis>
(Achariaceae)
</taxonomicName>
in association with
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FF0CF933FE3440F6" box="[151,403,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FF0CF933FE8E40F6" authorityName="Wheeler" authorityYear="1920" box="[151,297,1735,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Cladomyrma" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Cladomyrma</taxonomicName>
?petalae
</emphasis>
,
<date id="C7151072FF8DFFF0FE3FF93CFDE040F6" box="[420,583,1736,1760]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1993-09-20">20 Sept. 1993</date>
, coll. A. Moog, #93/161, 4(4);
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF8DFFF0FC28F933FBBF40F6" box="[947,1048,1735,1760]" country="Malaysia" name="Selangor" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Selangor</collectingRegion>
, Ulu Gombak, ex hollow stem of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FF0CF918FD824113" authorityName="Craib" authorityYear="1911" box="[151,549,1772,1797]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Loganiaceae" genus="Strychnos" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="vanprukii">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FF0CF918FEDE4113" box="[151,377,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Strychnos vanprukii</emphasis>
(Loganiaceae)
</taxonomicName>
in association with
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FC8AF919FC324113" box="[785,917,1772,1797]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">C.?petalae</emphasis>
,
<date id="C7151072FF8DFFF0FC3DF919FB9F4112" box="[934,1080,1772,1796]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1993-03-07">7 Mar. 1993</date>
, coll. A. Moog, #93/111, 2(2);
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF8DFFF0FF0CF8FBFF5B413E" box="[151,252,1807,1832]" country="Malaysia" name="Selangor" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Selangor</collectingRegion>
, Ulu Gombak, in
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FE5DF8FBFD77413E" box="[454,720,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Lepisanthus tetraphylla</emphasis>
(
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FD7BF8FBFCD7413E" box="[736,880,1807,1832]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Sapindaceae</taxonomicName>
) in association with
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FBC1F8E4FAA64131" authorityName="Lund" authorityYear="1831" box="[1114,1281,1808,1831]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FBC1F8E4FAA64131" box="[1114,1281,1808,1831]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Crematogaster</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ants,
<date id="C7151072FF8DFFF0FADFF8E4FF75415A" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1994-03-28">28 Mar. 1994</date>
, coll. G. Riedel, #94-125.2, 1(1);
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF8DFFF0FDC8F8C0FD1F415B" box="[595,696,1844,1869]" country="Malaysia" name="Selangor" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Selangor</collectingRegion>
, Ulu Gombak, in
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FC1CF8C1FB5E415B" box="[903,1273,1844,1869]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Saraca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Fabales" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="thaipingensis">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FC1CF8C1FBD3415B" box="[903,1140,1844,1869]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Saraca thaipingensis</emphasis>
(Fabaceae)
</taxonomicName>
in association with
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8DFFF0FF54F8ACFED14179" authorityName="Lund" authorityYear="1831" box="[207,374,1880,1903]" class="Insecta" family="Formicidae" genus="Crematogaster" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FF54F8ACFED14179" box="[207,374,1880,1903]" italics="true" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Crematogaster</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
ants,
<date id="C7151072FF8DFFF0FE22F8A3FDE84166" box="[441,591,1879,1904]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" value="1994-04-25">25 Apr. 1994</date>
, coll. G. Riedel, #94-160.2, 3(3).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF8DFFF1FF5CF888FC41470A" blockId="22.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="23.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastPageId="23" lastPageNumber="24" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8DFFF0FF5CF888FD274183" bold="true" box="[199,640,1916,1941]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Adult female. Unmounted material.</emphasis>
“Short oval, pale reddish brown, darker in middle, flat, with faint radiating ridges near margin; dorsal surface appearing naked, possibly with a very thin film of secretion; ..” (
<bibRefCitation id="D73A4B43FF8DFFF0FF05F830FE2E41CB" author="Morrison, H." box="[158,393,1988,2013]" pageId="22" pageNumber="23" pagination="637 - 677" refId="ref46837" refString="Morrison, H. (1921) Some nondiaspine Coccidae from the Malay Peninsula, with descriptions of apparently new species. The Philippine Journal of Science, 18, 637 - 677." type="journal article" year="1921">Morrison 1921: 663</bibRefCitation>
). Morrison’s description of probably dried adult females from
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF8DFFF0FBC1F830FB6B41CB" box="[1114,1228,1988,2013]" name="Singapore" pageId="22" pageNumber="23">Singapore</collectingCountry>
agrees fairly well with live specimens photographed in Borneo (
<figureCitation id="2B902A37FF8CFFF1FD3CFF63FC9B46A6" box="[679,828,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1776,1798]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,381,1742]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[150,1436,373,1754]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Live coccids and ants inside the cut stems of Macaranga plants: A, C. macarangae Morrison, in M. winkleri, Luasong, Sabah, Borneo (E. Linsenmair, 2003 BF #96); B, C. macarangae, in M. beccariana, Temburong, Brunei, Borneo (P.J. Gullan, PJG-B16); C, C. penangensis Morrison, in M. glandibracteolata, Poring, Sabah, Borneo (B. Fiala, 2003 BF #2); D, C. penangensis, in Macaranga sp., Temburong, Brunei, Borneo (P.J. Gullan, PJG-B31); E, C. pseudotumuliferus Gullan &amp; Kondo sp. n., in M. pearsonii, Tawau, Sabah, Borneo (B. Fiala, 2003 BF #64); F, C. secretus Morrison, in M. indistincta, Tawau, Sabah, Borneo (B. Fiala, 2003 #95). All photographs taken by the collector specified in parentheses." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3770245" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3770245/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 2A &amp; B</figureCitation>
). Adult females from
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8CFFF1FBA1FF6DFB1A46A6" box="[1082,1213,151,176]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="winkleri">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8CFFF1FBA1FF6DFB1A46A6" box="[1082,1213,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">M. winkleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in Sabah (
<figureCitation id="2B902A37FF8CFFF1FAA1FF63FA3346A6" box="[1338,1428,151,176]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1776,1798]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,381,1742]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[150,1436,373,1754]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Live coccids and ants inside the cut stems of Macaranga plants: A, C. macarangae Morrison, in M. winkleri, Luasong, Sabah, Borneo (E. Linsenmair, 2003 BF #96); B, C. macarangae, in M. beccariana, Temburong, Brunei, Borneo (P.J. Gullan, PJG-B16); C, C. penangensis Morrison, in M. glandibracteolata, Poring, Sabah, Borneo (B. Fiala, 2003 BF #2); D, C. penangensis, in Macaranga sp., Temburong, Brunei, Borneo (P.J. Gullan, PJG-B31); E, C. pseudotumuliferus Gullan &amp; Kondo sp. n., in M. pearsonii, Tawau, Sabah, Borneo (B. Fiala, 2003 BF #64); F, C. secretus Morrison, in M. indistincta, Tawau, Sabah, Borneo (B. Fiala, 2003 #95). All photographs taken by the collector specified in parentheses." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3770245" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3770245/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
) were orange-brown with some whitish waxy dorsal secretion and ridges radiating inwards from the margin. The amount of dorsal waxy secretion appears to increase as females age but the body margin remains largely devoid of wax, as shown by a mature female from
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8CFFF1FDC6FEF1FCA6470B" box="[605,769,260,285]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="beccariana">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8CFFF1FDC6FEF1FCA6470B" box="[605,769,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">M. beccariana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF8CFFF1FCBEFEF0FCD6470B" box="[805,881,260,285]" name="Brunei" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Brunei</collectingCountry>
(
<figureCitation id="2B902A37FF8CFFF1FC1BFEF0FC7F470A" box="[896,984,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1776,1798]" captionTargetBox="[162,1423,381,1742]" captionTargetId="figure@9.[150,1436,373,1754]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 2. Live coccids and ants inside the cut stems of Macaranga plants: A, C. macarangae Morrison, in M. winkleri, Luasong, Sabah, Borneo (E. Linsenmair, 2003 BF #96); B, C. macarangae, in M. beccariana, Temburong, Brunei, Borneo (P.J. Gullan, PJG-B16); C, C. penangensis Morrison, in M. glandibracteolata, Poring, Sabah, Borneo (B. Fiala, 2003 BF #2); D, C. penangensis, in Macaranga sp., Temburong, Brunei, Borneo (P.J. Gullan, PJG-B31); E, C. pseudotumuliferus Gullan &amp; Kondo sp. n., in M. pearsonii, Tawau, Sabah, Borneo (B. Fiala, 2003 BF #64); F, C. secretus Morrison, in M. indistincta, Tawau, Sabah, Borneo (B. Fiala, 2003 #95). All photographs taken by the collector specified in parentheses." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3770245" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3770245/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF8CFFF1FF5CFED3FA2A4773" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8CFFF1FF5CFED3FDB14756" bold="true" box="[199,534,295,320]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Slide-mounted adult female</emphasis>
(n=18, including
<typeStatus id="6C108810FF8CFFF1FD73FED3FCED4756" box="[744,842,295,320]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and 4 of Burkill's specimens from Selandar forest;
<figureCitation id="2B902A37FF8CFFF1FF0CFEB8FF7D4772" box="[151,218,332,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="25.[151,250,2006,2028]" captionTargetBox="[191,1411,231,1967]" captionTargetId="figure@25.[151,1437,193,1985]" captionTargetPageId="25" captionText="FIGURE 7. Adult female of Coccus macarangae Morrison. Abbreviations as in Fig. 3." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3770255" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3770255/files/figure.png" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
). Body oval to elongate oval, body often truncated anteriorly on head, 2.0–
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FBBEFEB8FBDC4772" box="[1061,1147,332,356]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.4" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="4.4">4.4 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FB5AFEB8FAEF4772" box="[1217,1352,332,356]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="2.2" valueMax="3.1" valueMin="1.3">1.3–3.1 mm</quantity>
wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF8CFFF1FF5CFE85FEC144E6" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8CFFF1FF5CFE85FE8E479E" box="[199,297,369,392]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Dorsum.</emphasis>
Derm (dd) membranous, areolated and with faint submarginal wrinkle lines radiating inwards at right angles to margin. Dorsal setae (dset) mostly sharply spinose, occasionally with a few setae with open divided apices, each 15–40 (mostly 25–35) µm long, scattered on dorsum. Simple pores (sp) each 2.0–
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FA9BFE43FAF447C6" box="[1280,1363,439,464]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 µm</quantity>
wide, scattered evenly on dorsum. Preopercular pores (pop) each
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FCADFE28FC3D47E3" box="[822,922,476,501]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="8.0" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="5.0">5–11 µm</quantity>
wide, present in a group of 20–50 anterior to anal plates. Dorsal microducts (dmic) in areolations each about
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FC13FDF4FC44440E" box="[904,995,512,536]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 µm</quantity>
wide, appearing bilocular under high magnification. Anal plates (anplt) each triangular, anterolateral margin subequal to posterolateral margin (ratio 0.9–1.2) and posterolateral or both margins usually slightly convex, length of each plate 1.4–1.9 times width, inner lobes swollen, with a tessellated texture, each plate
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FD7AFD98FCD74493" box="[737,880,620,645]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.375" metricValueMax="1.45" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="137.5" valueMax="145.0" valueMin="130.0">130–145 µm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FC22FD98FB9D4493" box="[953,1082,620,645]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.15" metricValueMax="10.3" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="91.5" valueMax="103.0" valueMin="80.0">80–103 µm</quantity>
wide, anterolateral margin
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FAE9FD98FF4A44BE" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.025" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.85" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="102.5" valueMax="120.0" valueMin="85.0">85– 120 µm</quantity>
long, postero-lateral margin
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FDA9FD7BFD1644BE" box="[562,689,655,680]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" metricValueMax="1.15" metricValueMin="0.85" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="100.0" valueMax="115.0" valueMin="85.0">85–115 µm</quantity>
long; each plate with 3–4 dorsal setae, each
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FB3DFD64FAB844B1" box="[1190,1311,656,680]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="30.0" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="20.0">20–40 mm</quantity>
long. Anal ring (ar) bearing 10 setae [
<bibRefCitation id="D73A4B43FF8CFFF1FE58FD40FD1C44DB" author="Morrison, H." box="[451,699,692,717]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="637 - 677" refId="ref46837" refString="Morrison, H. (1921) Some nondiaspine Coccidae from the Malay Peninsula, with descriptions of apparently new species. The Philippine Journal of Science, 18, 637 - 677." type="journal article" year="1921">Morrison (1921: 664)</bibRefCitation>
said apparently 8 setae, but these setae are difficult to see], each
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FF0CFD23FE8144E6" box="[151,294,727,752]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.175" metricValueMax="1.35" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="117.5" valueMax="135.0" valueMin="100.0">100–135 µm</quantity>
long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF8CFFF1FF5CFD09FE0845DE" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8CFFF1FF5CFD09FE854502" box="[199,290,765,788]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Margin.</emphasis>
Eyespots present slightly removed from dorsal margin, each
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FC4BFD08FBE44503" box="[976,1091,764,789]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="20.0" valueMax="23.0" valueMin="17.0">17–23 µm</quantity>
in maximum dimension, often not detected or hard to detect. Marginal setae (mset) fimbriate to sharply spinose, present in 1 row, each seta
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FACDFCD4FF1B454B" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="20.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="10.0">10–30 µm</quantity>
long, with 7–30 (mostly 12–24) setae between anterior and posterior stigmatic areas on each side of body. Stigmatic setae (stgset) well developed, numbering 3, lanceolate to tapered spinose with rounded apices, much thicker than marginal setae, bases often swollen, median setae longest, each
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FC73FC78FBFD45B3" box="[1000,1114,908,933]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.05" metricValueMax="4.3" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="30.5" valueMax="43.0" valueMin="18.0">18–43 µm</quantity>
long, lateral setae each 7–25 (mostly 12–20) µm long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF8CFFF1FF5CFC21FBB54343" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8CFFF1FF5CFC21FEB745FA" box="[199,272,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Venter.</emphasis>
Derm membranous. Ventral setae (vset) slender, with most posterior prevulvar pair longest (each seta
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FF0CFC03FEAD4206" box="[151,266,1015,1040]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="60.0" valueMax="70.0" valueMin="50.0">50–70 µm</quantity>
long), elsewhere shorter, each
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FDF7FC03FD764206" box="[620,721,1015,1040]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="21.0" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="7.0">7–35 µm</quantity>
long. Interantennal setae numbering 2 pairs, each seta ≤
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FAC8FC0CFA3B4206" box="[1363,1436,1016,1040]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 µm</quantity>
long. Ventral tubular ducts (vtd) present in a broad submarginal band; each duct with outer ductule
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FB71FBE8FAFA4223" box="[1258,1373,1052,1077]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="17.5" valueMax="19.0" valueMin="16.0">16–19 µm</quantity>
long, inner ductule
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FEABFBB4FE05424E" box="[304,418,1088,1112]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="16.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="13.0">13–20 µm</quantity>
long, and duct opening about
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FD69FBB4FC8B424E" box="[754,812,1088,1112]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 µm</quantity>
wide. Ventral microducts (vmic) each about
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FA84FBB4FAFE424E" box="[1311,1369,1088,1112]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 µm</quantity>
wide, scattered fairly evenly on venter. Pregenital disc-pores (pgp) each with 5–10 (mostly 7 and 8) loculi, and each pore
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FF0CFB73FF5742B7" box="[151,240,1159,1185]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="6.0">6–7 µm</quantity>
wide. Antennae (ant) 7–8 (mostly 8) segmented, each
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FCF4FB73FBA742B7" box="[879,1024,1159,1185]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.375" metricValueMax="2.75" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="237.5" valueMax="275.0" valueMin="200.0">200–275 µm</quantity>
long; fleshy setae present on last 3 segments. Clypeolabral shield
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FE6AFB58FD2642D3" box="[497,641,1196,1221]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.65" metricValueMax="2.9" metricValueMin="2.4" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="265.0" valueMax="290.0" valueMin="240.0">240–290 µm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FD51FB58FCFE42D3" box="[714,857,1196,1221]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.05" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="205.0" valueMax="230.0" valueMin="180.0">180–230 µm</quantity>
wide; labium
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FC67FB58FBD942D3" box="[1020,1150,1196,1221]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="90.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="80.0">80–100 µm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FB5CFB58FAF042D3" box="[1223,1367,1196,1221]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="1.55" metricValueMin="1.35" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="145.0" valueMax="155.0" valueMin="135.0">135–155 µm</quantity>
wide. Legs with hind trochanter + femur
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FD84FB3BFD0B42FF" box="[543,684,1231,1257]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.29" metricValueMax="1.45" metricValueMin="1.13" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="129.0" valueMax="145.0" valueMin="113.0">113–145 µm</quantity>
long; hind tibia + tarsus
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FC5EFB3BFBF442FF" box="[965,1107,1231,1257]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.415" metricValueMax="1.63" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="141.5" valueMax="163.0" valueMin="120.0">120–163 µm</quantity>
long; all tarsal digitules each
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FF0CFB00FEA8431B" box="[151,271,1268,1293]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" metricValueMax="3.7" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="31.0" valueMax="37.0" valueMin="25.0">25–37 µm</quantity>
long; claw digitules each
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FDD4FB00FD60431B" box="[591,711,1268,1293]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.1" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="21.0" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="17.0">17–25 µm</quantity>
long, claws each
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FC3EFB00FBBA431B" box="[933,1053,1268,1293]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="22.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="20.0">20–25 µm</quantity>
long. Spiracles normal: anterior peritremes each
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FECAFAE3FE634327" box="[337,452,1303,1329]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.65" metricValueMax="9.3" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="76.5" valueMax="93.0" valueMin="60.0">60–93 µm</quantity>
wide; posterior peritremes each
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FCA3FAE3FC1D4327" box="[824,954,1303,1329]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.25" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="6.5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="82.5" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="65.0">65–100 µm</quantity>
wide. Spiracular pores (spp) each
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FADEFAE3FA3B4327" box="[1349,1436,1303,1329]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4–5 µm</quantity>
wide, with 3–5 (mostly 5) loculi, with an occasional pore with 6 or more loculi.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBB16539FF8CFFFEFF5CFAABFC0B4326" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF8CFFF1FF5CFAABFBD6408E" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8CFFF1FF5CFAABFEE8436E" bold="true" box="[199,335,1375,1400]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Comments.</emphasis>
Adult females
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8CFFF1FD98FA94FD75436E" box="[515,722,1376,1400]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8CFFF1FDB9FA94FD75436E" box="[546,722,1376,1400]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macarangae">C. macarangae</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
can be distinguished from all other species of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8CFFF1FB6FFA94FAE04361" box="[1268,1351,1376,1399]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8CFFF1FB6FFA94FAE04361" box="[1268,1351,1376,1399]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Coccus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
known from
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8CFFF1FF4EFA71FEFF438A" box="[213,344,1413,1436]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8CFFF1FF4EFA71FEFF438A" box="[213,344,1413,1436]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Macaranga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having the combination of (i) sharply spinose dorsal setae each mostly
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FB36FA70FA85438B" box="[1197,1314,1412,1437]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="27.5" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="25.0">25–30 µm</quantity>
long but a few can be up to
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FECDFA5CFE3843D7" box="[342,415,1448,1473]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 µm</quantity>
long; (ii) marginal setae in a single row, with each seta
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FB94FA5CFB2543D7" box="[1039,1154,1448,1473]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="20.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="10.0">10–30 µm</quantity>
long with apex fimbriate to sharply spinose; and (iii) anal plates each with 3 or 4 setae, each mostly 20–30 (rarely up to 40) µm long. Adult females of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8CFFF1FE8DFA04FE63401E" box="[278,452,1520,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macarangae">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8CFFF1FE8DFA04FE63401E" box="[278,452,1520,1544]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. macarangae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are most similar to the adult females of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8CFFF1FC08FA04FB87401E" box="[915,1056,1519,1544]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circularis">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8CFFF1FC08FA04FB87401E" box="[915,1056,1519,1544]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. circularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having fewer than 10 setae on each anal plate and many marginal setae that are apically fimbriate or bifurcate, but differ from
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8CFFF1FB59F9E1FAE8403B" box="[1218,1359,1556,1581]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circularis">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8CFFF1FB59F9E1FAE8403B" box="[1218,1359,1556,1581]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. circularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in that the dorsal setae are sparser, generally longer (up to
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FD71F9CCFC924047" box="[746,821,1592,1617]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 µm</quantity>
long) and less slender and the preopercular pores are more numerous (20–50) and usually larger (
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FD15F9A8FD524063" box="[654,757,1628,1653]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="8.0" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="5.0">5–11 µm</quantity>
wide) in
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8CFFF1FCFFF9A9FBB54062" box="[868,1042,1629,1652]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macarangae">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8CFFF1FCFFF9A9FBB54062" box="[868,1042,1629,1652]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. macarangae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(dorsal setae
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FB29F9A8FA804063" box="[1202,1319,1628,1653]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="22.5" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="15.0">15–30 µm</quantity>
long with flagellate apices and preopercular pores scarce (≤10) and
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FC87F98BFCD4408F" box="[796,883,1663,1689]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="5.0">5–6 µm</quantity>
wide in
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8CFFF1FC4FF974FBC7408E" box="[980,1120,1663,1688]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circularis">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8CFFF1FC4FF974FBC7408E" box="[980,1120,1663,1688]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. circularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF8CFFFEFF5CF951FB8346EE" blockId="23.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="24.[151,1437,151,1328]" lastPageId="24" lastPageNumber="25" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8CFFF1FF5CF951FE1740AA" box="[199,432,1701,1724]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macarangae">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8CFFF1FF5CF951FE1740AA" box="[199,432,1701,1724]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Coccus macarangae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
was poorly represented in the molecular phylogeny of
<bibRefCitation id="D73A4B43FF8CFFF1FBACF950FAB640AA" author="Quek, S. P. &amp; Ueda, S. &amp; Gullan, P. J. &amp; Kondo, T. &amp; Hattori, M. &amp; Itioka, T. &amp; Murase, K. &amp; Itino, T." box="[1079,1297,1700,1725]" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" pagination="818 - 835" refId="ref47225" refString="Quek, S. P., Ueda, S., Gullan, P. J., Kondo, T., Hattori, M., Itioka, T., Murase, K. &amp; Itino, T. (2017) Nuclear-DNA-based species delineations of Coccus scale insects in symbiosis with plants and ants, and the role of plant epicuticular wax in structuring associations. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 120 (4), 818 - 835. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / bij. 12917" type="journal article" year="2017">
Quek
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8CFFF1FBE5F951FB1440AB" box="[1150,1203,1700,1725]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">et al</emphasis>
. (2017)
</bibRefCitation>
, although it appears to be a common and widespread species that is found inside the hollow stems of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8CFFF1FB26F93DFAE740F6" box="[1213,1344,1737,1760]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8CFFF1FB26F93DFAE740F6" box="[1213,1344,1737,1760]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Macaranga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species belonging to each of the three myrmecophytic sections of the genus. It also occurs in the hollow stems of several other myrmecophytic genera, namely
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8CFFF1FDC6F8FBFD43413E" box="[605,740,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Lepisanthus</emphasis>
,
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8CFFF1FD61F8FBFC1B413E" box="[762,956,1807,1832]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Myrmeconauclea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8CFFF1FD61F8FBFC1B413E" box="[762,956,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Myrmeconauclea</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8CFFF1FC49F8E5FB9B413E" box="[978,1084,1809,1832]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Achariaceae" genus="Ryparosa" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8CFFF1FC49F8E5FB9B413E" box="[978,1084,1809,1832]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Ryparosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8CFFF1FBCAF8E4FB074131" box="[1105,1184,1808,1831]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Fabaceae" genus="Saraca" kingdom="Animalia" order="Fabales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8CFFF1FBCAF8E4FB074131" box="[1105,1184,1808,1831]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Saraca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8CFFF1FB7DF8FBFAF4413E" box="[1254,1363,1807,1832]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Loganiaceae" genus="Strychnos" kingdom="Plantae" order="Gentianales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8CFFF1FB7DF8FBFAF4413E" box="[1254,1363,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Strychnos</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, each belonging to a different plant family (refer to 'Material examined' list above). Adult female coccids from these different hosts showed no consistent differences from females collected from the hollow stems of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8CFFF1FA89F8ADFA324166" box="[1298,1429,1881,1904]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8CFFF1FA89F8ADFA324166" box="[1298,1429,1881,1904]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Macaranga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Morphological variation in the number and size of the preopercular pores was noted among
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8CFFF1FB06F889FA874182" box="[1181,1312,1917,1940]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8CFFF1FB06F889FA874182" box="[1181,1312,1917,1940]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">Macaranga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-associated adult females of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8CFFF1FECEF855FDA541AE" box="[341,514,1953,1976]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macarangae">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8CFFF1FECEF855FDA541AE" box="[341,514,1953,1976]" italics="true" pageId="23" pageNumber="24">C. macarangae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. The length of the dorsal setae also sometimes varied, with a few females having slightly shorter (
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FED5F830FE6341CA" box="[334,452,1988,2013]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="17.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="15.0">15–20 µm</quantity>
) and others slightly longer (often
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FCDAF830FC1241CA" box="[833,949,1988,2012]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="35.0" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="30.0">30–40 µm</quantity>
) setae than the typical length of
<quantity id="74539B57FF8CFFF1FAB9F830FA3F41CB" box="[1314,1432,1988,2013]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="23" pageNumber="24" unit="mm" value="27.5" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="25.0">25–30 µm</quantity>
. One female from Tawau Hills in
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF83FFFEFD95FF63FDF546A6" box="[526,594,151,176]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Sabah</collectingRegion>
collected from
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF83FFFEFC9DFF6DFC2F46A6" box="[774,904,151,176]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="winkleri">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF83FFFEFC9DFF6DFC2F46A6" box="[774,904,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">M. winkleri</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(DNA voucher TK0032, coll. B. Fiala, #96) is unusual in having 6-segmented antennae and few pregenital disc pores near the vulva but was confirmed as
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF83FFFEFA19FF49FE8446EE" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macarangae">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF83FFFEFA19FF49FE8446EE" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">C. macarangae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
based on
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF83FFFEFE0FFF14FE1946EE" box="[404,446,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">12S</emphasis>
sequences (T. Kondo &amp; L.G. Cook, unpublished data).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF83FFFEFF5CFEF0FBE04756" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,1328]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF83FFFEFF5CFEF0FD73470B" bold="true" box="[199,724,260,285]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">First-instar nymph. Slide-mounted material</emphasis>
(n=10, all from
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF83FFFEFC15FEF0FC7A470B" box="[910,989,260,285]" name="Brunei" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Brunei</collectingCountry>
, Borneo;
<figureCitation id="2B902A37FF83FFFEFBD0FEF0FB29470A" box="[1099,1166,260,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1951,1973]" captionTargetBox="[253,1352,231,1918]" captionTargetId="figure@26.[222,1366,193,1939]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 8. First-instar nymph of Coccus macarangae Morrison. Abbreviations for enlargements: ar—anal ring; dset—dorsal seta; mset—marginal setae; sp—simple pore; spp—spiracular pore; stgset—stigmatic setae; vcs—ventral cephalic seta; vmicventral microduct; vset—ventral seta." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3770257" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3770257/files/figure.png" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Fig. 8</figureCitation>
). Body oval to elongate oval, body often truncated anteriorly on head,
<quantity id="74539B57FF83FFFEFD05FED3FC8A4756" box="[670,813,295,320]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.15" metricValueMax="4.6" metricValueMin="3.7" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="415.0" valueMax="460.0" valueMin="370.0">370–460 µm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="74539B57FF83FFFEFCE8FED3FBA54756" box="[883,1026,295,320]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.425" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.05" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="242.5" valueMax="280.0" valueMin="205.0">205–280 µm</quantity>
wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF83FFFEFF5CFEB9FB0F442B" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,1328]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF83FFFEFF5CFEB9FE8E4772" box="[199,297,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Dorsum.</emphasis>
Derm membranous. Dorsal setae (dset) extremely difficult to see and appearing absent except under x100 objective under oil; each seta very short, at most
<quantity id="74539B57FF83FFFEFD6EFE84FC97479E" box="[757,816,368,392]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 µm</quantity>
long, in perhaps 4 pairs submedially on thorax and first abdominal segment. One pair of minute simple pores (sp) present on head, but difficult to see except with x100 objective under oil. Preopercular pores and dorsal microducts absent. Anal plates each elongate triangular,
<quantity id="74539B57FF83FFFEFACDFE43FF1B47E3" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="5.8" metricValueMin="4.2" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="50.0" valueMax="58.0" valueMin="42.0">42–58 µm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="74539B57FF83FFFEFE9DFE28FEDD47E3" box="[262,378,476,501]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.65" metricValueMax="3.3" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="26.5" valueMax="33.0" valueMin="20.0">20–33 µm</quantity>
wide, anterolateral margin
<quantity id="74539B57FF83FFFEFD2EFE28FC8F47E3" box="[693,808,476,501]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="32.5" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="25.0">25–40 µm</quantity>
long, posterolateral margin
<quantity id="74539B57FF83FFFEFBF0FE28FB7847E3" box="[1131,1247,476,501]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.35" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.7" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="33.5" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="27.0">27–40 µm</quantity>
long; each plate with 2 dorsal setae each
<quantity id="74539B57FF83FFFEFE2EFDF4FD8D440E" box="[437,554,512,536]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="11.0" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="10.0">10–12 µm</quantity>
long, positioned one each side of long apical seta,
<quantity id="74539B57FF83FFFEFBE0FDF4FAAC440E" box="[1147,1291,512,536]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.17" metricValueMax="1.24" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="117.0" valueMax="124.0" valueMin="110.0">110–124 µm</quantity>
long, plus 1 short inner margin seta. Anal ring (ar)
<quantity id="74539B57FF83FFFEFDDCFDD0FD1D442B" box="[583,698,548,573]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="18.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="17.0">17–20 µm</quantity>
wide, bearing 6 setae, each
<quantity id="74539B57FF83FFFEFC6EFDD0FBCF442B" box="[1013,1128,548,573]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.2" metricValueMin="4.8" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="55.0" valueMax="62.0" valueMin="48.0">48–62 µm</quantity>
long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF83FFFEFF5CFDBDFBF74503" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,1328]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF83FFFEFF5CFDBDFE854476" box="[199,290,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Margin.</emphasis>
Eyespots present as pigmented spots on margin, each
<quantity id="74539B57FF83FFFEFC3AFDBCFBAE4476" box="[929,1033,584,608]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.05" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="10.5" valueMax="12.0" valueMin="9.0">9–12 µm</quantity>
in maximum dimension. Marginal setae (mset) flagellate and with distinct bend at about half-length, each seta
<quantity id="74539B57FF83FFFEFC75FD98FBC74493" box="[1006,1120,620,645]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="12.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="10.0">10–15 µm</quantity>
long, present in 1 row, with always 2 setae between anterior and posterior stigmatic areas on each side of body, 12 (rarely 13) on head between anterior stigmatic areas and 8 on each side of abdomen with most posterior seta always straight. Stigmatic setae (stgset) numbering
<quantity id="74539B57FF83FFFEFEEFFD2CFE0644E6" box="[372,417,727,752]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.62" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="in" value="3.0">3 in</quantity>
each cleft, thicker than marginal setae, median seta longest,
<quantity id="74539B57FF83FFFEFBC1FD2CFB6A44E6" box="[1114,1229,728,752]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="16.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="13.0">13–20 µm</quantity>
long, and spinose with rounded apex, lateral setae very small and rounded at apices, each
<quantity id="74539B57FF83FFFEFC21FD08FBB74503" box="[954,1040,764,789]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="2.0">2–5 µm</quantity>
long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF83FFFEFF5CFCD5FC0B4326" blockId="24.[151,1437,151,1328]" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF83FFFEFF5CFCD5FEB7452E" box="[199,272,801,824]" italics="true" pageId="24" pageNumber="25">Venter.</emphasis>
Derm membranous. Ventral setae (vcs) as follows: short setae, each
<quantity id="74539B57FF83FFFEFB8FFCD4FBCC452E" box="[1044,1131,800,824]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 µm</quantity>
long, present in a marginal and a submarginal longitudinal row of 7 setae on each side of abdomen, with 3 pairs of longer setae (called prevulvar setae on adult female), each
<quantity id="74539B57FF83FFFEFDFFFC93FD7A4596" box="[612,733,871,896]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="27.5" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="20.0">20–35 µm</quantity>
, submedially on posterior abdominal segments; a few setae similar to those on margin of abdomen present marginally on each side of mesothorax and metathorax; 1 pair of ventral cephalic setae (vcs), each
<quantity id="74539B57FF83FFFEFD94FC44FDC145DE" box="[527,614,944,968]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="3.0" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.0">2–4 µm</quantity>
long, situated near apex of head; 1 pair of interantennal setae, each about
<quantity id="74539B57FF83FFFEFF0CFC20FF4745FB" box="[151,224,980,1005]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 µm</quantity>
long, between bases of antennae. Ventral tubular ducts absent. Ventral microducts (vmic) each about ~
<quantity id="74539B57FF83FFFEFAFFFC20FA3B45FB" box="[1380,1436,980,1005]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 µm</quantity>
µm wide, very few, present submarginally around body, between each pair of setae on abdomen, 2 located submarginally between anterior and posterior stigmatic areas, and 1 present between base of antenna and body margin, on each side. Abdominal disc-pores absent. Antennae 6 segmented, each
<quantity id="74539B57FF83FFFEFBDCFBCBFB6E424E" box="[1095,1225,1087,1112]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.035" metricValueMax="1.1199999999999999" metricValueMin="0.95" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="103.5" valueMax="112.0" valueMin="95.0">95–112 µm</quantity>
long; fleshy setae present on last 3 segments. Clypeolabral shield
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long; labium
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long, with 2 pairs of apical setae. Legs normal; hind trochanter + femur
<quantity id="74539B57FF83FFFEFDDDFB73FD1F42B7" box="[582,696,1159,1185]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.6" metricValueMax="6.2" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="56.0" valueMax="62.0" valueMin="50.0">50–62 µm</quantity>
long; hind tibia + tarsus
<quantity id="74539B57FF83FFFEFC49FB73FBE342B7" box="[978,1092,1159,1185]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.9" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="5.3" pageId="24" pageNumber="25" unit="mm" value="59.0" valueMax="65.0" valueMin="53.0">53–65 µm</quantity>
long; tarsal digitules each
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long, one of each pair slightly thicker than other, each with a small knobbed apex; claw digitules each
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long, both knobbed, one thicker than other; claws each
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long, with small denticle present (only easily visible with x100 objective). Spiracles normal: peritremes each
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wide. Spiracular pores (spp) each ~
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wide, with 4 loculi; spiracular furrows each with 3 or 4 pores in a line.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

280
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<mods:title id="1ABC92576E64BCF773CE233A30B1322A">Taxonomy of coccids (Hemiptera: Coccidae: Coccus L.) associated with Crematogaster ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the stems of Macaranga plants (Euphorbiaceae) in Southeast Asia</mods:title>
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<mods:affiliation id="F97F3E6952B3F9DD067434E8BC60B72E">Division of Ecology &amp; Evolution, Research School of Biology, College of Science, The Australian National University, Acton, Canberra, A. C. T. 2601, Australia. E-mail: penelope. gullan @ anu. edu. au</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C85AC6681C3907D9FE56A7EE9178FCAC">Kondo, Takumasa</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="BB5175BBA56B2B3D960342931B1EBB6E">Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (Agrosavia), Centro de Investigación Palmira, Calle 23, Carrera 37 Continuo al Penal, Palmira, Valle, Colombia. E-mail: tkondo @ agrosavia. co</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="15A6EB8B01D0841FA2C8D435A0DC766D">Fiala, Brigitte</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="D2A780382528FE9372E99F653BA90839">Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany. Email: fiala @ biozentrum. uni-wuerzburg. de</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="603F64FDD869E75180883AE907ADCF8E">Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley 94720, U. S. A. E-mail: queksp @ gmail. com</mods:affiliation>
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<paragraph id="B31436B2FF90FFEDFF0CFDBCFC6B4477" blockId="11.[151,972,583,610]" box="[151,972,583,610]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<heading id="E85C81DEFF90FFEDFF0CFDBCFC6B4477" bold="true" box="[151,972,583,610]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" reason="1">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF90FFEDFF0CFDBCFC6B4477" bold="true" box="[151,972,583,610]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
Key to adult females of
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<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF90FFEDFE25FDB3FDB14477" bold="true" box="[446,534,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Coccus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species associated with
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<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF90FFEDFCDBFDB3FC6B4477" bold="true" box="[832,972,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Macaranga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF90FFEDFF0CFD7BFE3544DD" blockId="11.[151,1436,654,715]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">(Note: this key may be difficult to use unless the specimens are cleared thoroughly of body contents and their cuticle is well stained)</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBB16539FF90FFEDFF0CFD0EFA3B41C9" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" type="key">
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<paragraph id="B31436B2FF90FFEDFF0CFD0EFA3C455C" blockId="11.[151,1436,762,2015]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<keyLead id="085A9587FF90FFEDFF0CFD0EFA3C455C" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">1. Dorsal setae (excluding marginal row) appearing absent but present and very short, most setae less than 2 times as long as width of setal socket, rarely setae near body margin up to 3 times as long as setal socket width, never as long as ventral setae. .................................................................................................... 2</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF90FFEDFF0CFCA6FA3C4592" blockId="11.[151,1436,762,2015]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<keyLead id="085A9587FF90FFEDFF0CFCA6FA3C4592" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">- Dorsal setae clearly evident, most setae more than 3 times as long as setal socket width, as long or longer than most ventral setae, but may be shorter than long interantennal and pregenital setae............................................ 5</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="085F2E17FF90FFEDFF0CFC79FA3C45EC" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF90FFEDFF0CFC79FA3B45A9" blockId="11.[151,1436,762,2015]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<keyLead id="085A9587FF90FFEDFF0CFC79FA3B45A9" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
2. Marginal setae mostly fimbriate at apices. Anal plates with dorsal setae usually confined to posterior half of each plate........................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF90FFEDFB2AFC5EFA3B45A9" ID-CoL="WMGX" authority="Morrison" authorityName="Morrison" box="[1201,1436,938,959]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caviramicolus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF90FFEDFB2AFC5EFA9B45A9" box="[1201,1340,938,959]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">caviramicolus</emphasis>
Morrison
</taxonomicName>
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF90FFEDFF0CFC33FA3C45EC" blockId="11.[151,1436,762,2015]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<keyLead id="085A9587FF90FFEDFF0CFC33FA3C45EC" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
- Marginal setae mostly tapering to a point, apices rarely bifurcate or fimbriate (except on some individuals of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF90FFEDFA9FFC33FA2945CA" ID-CoL="5ZHMW" authorityName="Morrison. All" authorityYear="1921" box="[1284,1422,967,988]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tumuliferus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF90FFEDFA9FFC33FA2945CA" box="[1284,1422,967,988]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">C. tumuliferus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). Anal plates with dorsal setae usually present on posterior two-thirds of each plate................................... 3
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="085F2E17FF90FFEDFF0CFBF6FA3C42BC" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF90FFEDFF0CFBF6FA3B4244" blockId="11.[151,1436,762,2015]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<keyLead id="085A9587FF90FFEDFF0CFBF6FA3B4244" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
3. Legs reduced, each smaller than mouthparts, hind trochanter + femur &lt;
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long. Dorsum not covered with oval or circular dermal elevations. Anal plate setae robust, often almost cylindrical, and mostly
<quantity id="74539B57FF90FFEDFC6DFBEBFBFD4222" box="[1014,1114,1055,1076]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="25.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="20.0">20–30 µm</quantity>
long. Antennae 6, rarely 5, segmented................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF90FFEDFB75FBC9FA3B4244" ID-CoL="WMQ5" authority="Morrison" authorityName="Morrison" box="[1262,1436,1085,1106]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="secretus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF90FFEDFB75FBC9FA9B4244" box="[1262,1340,1085,1106]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">secretus</emphasis>
Morrison
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</keyLead>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF90FFEDFF0CFBAEFA3C42BC" blockId="11.[151,1436,762,2015]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<keyLead id="085A9587FF90FFEDFF0CFBAEFA3C42BC" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
- Legs well developed, each much larger than mouthparts, hind trochanter + femur&gt;
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long. Dorsum covered with oval or circular dermal elevations (
<figureCitation id="2B902A37FF90FFEDFE71FB83FD97429A" box="[490,560,1143,1164]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="35.[151,250,1948,1970]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1476,1938]" captionTargetId="figure@35.[151,1436,1476,1938]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 11. Photographs of the dorsum of adult females preserved in ethanol: A–C, C. pseudotumuliferus Gullan &amp; Kondo sp. n., showing variation in the numbers and shapes of dorsal elevations or humps; D, C. tumuliferus Morrison." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3770263" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3770263/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Fig. 11</figureCitation>
), sometimes difficult to see on slide-mounted specimens. Anal plate setae tapered, even if robust, and
<quantity id="74539B57FF90FFEDFECAFB61FE0042BC" box="[337,423,1173,1194]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="15.5" valueMax="23.0" valueMin="8.0">8–23 µm</quantity>
long. Antennae 7, rarely 6, segmented.................................................... 4
</keyLead>
</paragraph>
</keyStep>
<keyStep id="085F2E17FF90FFEDFF0CFB46FA3B4383" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF90FFEDFF0CFB46FA324309" blockId="11.[151,1436,762,2015]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<keyLead id="085A9587FF90FFEDFF0CFB46FA324309" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
4. Dorsal submarginal raised areas (humps) very rounded, almost always numbering 8 on each side of body plus 1 medially on head. Stigmatic clefts often each with just 1 long robust seta (≤
<quantity id="74539B57FF90FFEDFCD9FB3BFCD842F2" box="[834,895,1231,1252]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="25.0">25 µm</quantity>
long, frequently damaged or missing), sometimes 2 lateral setae (each
<quantity id="74539B57FF90FFEDFEE2FB19FE644314" box="[377,451,1261,1282]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="3.0">3–8 µm</quantity>
long), rarely 3 subequal very short setae (≤
<quantity id="74539B57FF90FFEDFCFFFB19FC334314" box="[868,916,1261,1282]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 µm</quantity>
long). Apical antennal segment with a short (
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) or often no apical prolongation..........................................................
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF90FFEDFB53FAFEFA324309" ID-CoL="5ZHMW" authority="Morrison" authorityName="Morrison. All" authorityYear="1921" box="[1224,1429,1290,1311]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tumuliferus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF90FFEDFB53FAFEFA924309" box="[1224,1333,1290,1311]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">tumuliferus</emphasis>
Morrison
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- Dorsal submarginal raised areas oval or elongate, usually numbering 11, rarely 12, on each side of body plus 1 medially on head. Stigmatic clefts each usually with 3 setae of subequal length (mostly
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long, often damaged or missing). Apical antennal segment with an apical prolongation almost always ≥
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long on at least 1 antenna............................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF90FFEDFB9CFA8BFAF84382" authority="Gullan &amp; Kondo" authorityName="Gullan &amp; Kondo" authorityYear="2018" box="[1031,1375,1407,1428]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudotumuliferus" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF90FFEDFB9CFA8BFB1F4382" box="[1031,1208,1407,1428]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">pseudotumuliferus</emphasis>
Gullan &amp; Kondo
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5. Dorsal setae knobbed, or with rounded apices, not tapering to a point. Marginal setae sharply spinose, apices never bifurcate or fimbriate. Hind trochanter + femur &lt;
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long.......................................
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF90FFEDFB02FA4EFA3B43D9" ID-CoL="WMMC" authority="Takahashi" authorityName="Takahashi" box="[1177,1436,1466,1487]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macarangicolus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF90FFEDFB02FA4EFA9343D9" box="[1177,1332,1466,1487]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">macarangicolus</emphasis>
Takahashi
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- Dorsal setae with apices not knobbed or rounded, each tapering to a point. Marginal setae spinose, with apices either tapering to a point, bifurcate or fimbriate. Hind trochanter + femur&gt;
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long.......................................... 6
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6. Marginal setae in 2 rows, numerous, with 41–45 between stigmatic areas on each side of thorax, each seta sharply spinose with slightly bent tip. Dorsal setae long and flagellate, each
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long.................
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF90FFEDFBDEF9DBFAF84052" authority="Gullan &amp; Kondo" authorityName="Gullan &amp; Kondo" authorityYear="2018" box="[1093,1375,1583,1604]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lambirensis" status="sp. nov.">
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- Marginal setae in 1 row, not numerous, with &lt;32 setae between stigmatic areas on each side of thorax, at least a few and often most setae with apices fimbriate or bifurcate. Dorsal setae sharply spinose to flagellate but ≤
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long, usually much shorter .................................................................................................... 7
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<paragraph id="B31436B2FF90FFEDFF0CF951FA3C40AC" blockId="11.[151,1436,762,2015]" box="[151,1435,1701,1722]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<keyLead id="085A9587FF90FFEDFF0CF951FA3C40AC" box="[151,1435,1701,1722]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">7. Anal plates each with 11–23 dorsal setae................................................................... 8</keyLead>
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<keyLead id="085A9587FF90FFEDFF0CF936FA3C40C1" box="[151,1435,1730,1751]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">- Anal plates each with 3–11 (very rarely&gt;9 and mostly &lt;7) setae................................................ 9</keyLead>
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<keyLead id="085A9587FF90FFEDFF0CF92BFA3B4104" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
8. Marginal setae mostly sharply spinose, occasionally with slight ‘twigging’ at apices. Lateral stigmatic setae each usually&gt;
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long...................................................................
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF90FFEDFBC4F909FAF84104" authority="Gullan &amp; Kondo" authorityName="Gullan &amp; Kondo" authorityYear="2018" box="[1119,1375,1789,1810]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="heckrothi" status="sp. nov.">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF90FFEDFBC4F909FB1E4104" box="[1119,1209,1789,1810]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">heckrothi</emphasis>
Gullan &amp; Kondo
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<paragraph id="B31436B2FF90FFEDFF0CF8EEFA3B415A" blockId="11.[151,1436,762,2015]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
<keyLead id="085A9587FF90FFEDFF0CF8EEFA3B415A" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
- Marginal setae with apices mostly bifurcate or fimbriate, rarely sharply spinose. Lateral stigmatic setae each usually &lt;
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long...............................................................................
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF90FFEDFB5EF8C3FA3B415A" ID-CoL="WMNM" authority="Morrison" authorityName="Morrison" box="[1221,1436,1847,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="penangensis">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF90FFEDFB5EF8C3FA9C415A" box="[1221,1339,1847,1868]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">penangensis</emphasis>
Morrison
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<paragraph id="B31436B2FF90FFEDFF0CF8A1FA3B41B2" blockId="11.[151,1436,762,2015]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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9. Dorsal setae rather abundant, sharply spinose, mostly with straight or bent apices, occasionally a few setae with apices bifurcate or fimbriate, each seta
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long. Preopercular pores
<quantity id="74539B57FF90FFEDFCA7F886FC374191" box="[828,912,1906,1927]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" unit="mm" value="8.0" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="5.0">5–11 µm</quantity>
wide, each generally larger than a pregenital disc-pore...................................................................................
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF90FFEDFB5FF87BFA3B41B2" ID-CoL="WMMB" authority="Morrison" authorityName="Morrison" box="[1220,1436,1935,1956]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macarangae">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF90FFEDFB5FF87BFA9B41B2" box="[1220,1340,1935,1956]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">macarangae</emphasis>
Morrison
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<paragraph id="B31436B2FF90FFEDFF0CF859FA3B41C9" blockId="11.[151,1436,762,2015]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
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- Dorsal setae rather sparse, slender, with a flagellate apex, each
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long. Preopercular pores usually ≤
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wide, each about same size as a pregenital disc-pore....................................................
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF90FFEDFB44F83EFA3B41C9" ID-CoL="WMH9" authority="Morrison" authorityName="Morrison" box="[1247,1436,1994,2015]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circularis">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF90FFEDFB44F83EFA9C41C9" box="[1247,1339,1994,2015]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">circularis</emphasis>
Morrison
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</treatment>
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<treatment id="3B0287A4FF96FFF7FF0CFB58FBF94503" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3798946" ID-GBIF-Taxon="163754743" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3798946" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B0287A4FF96FFF7FF0CFB58FBF94503" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/3B0287A4FF96FFF7FF0CFB58FBF94503" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<subSubSection id="FBB16539FF96FFEBFF0CFB58FC7D42F1" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF96FFEBFF0CFB58FE4F42D0" blockId="13.[151,986,1196,1291]" box="[151,488,1196,1222]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<heading id="E85C81DEFF96FFEBFF0CFB58FE4F42D0" bold="true" box="[151,488,1196,1222]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF96FFEBFF0CFB58FE4F42D0" ID-CoL="WMH9" authority="Morrison" authorityName="Morrison" box="[151,488,1196,1222]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circularis">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF96FFEBFF0CFB58FE4F42D0" bold="true" box="[151,488,1196,1222]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF96FFEBFF0CFB58FECE42D0" bold="true" box="[151,361,1196,1222]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Coccus circularis</emphasis>
Morrison
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF96FFEBFF0CFB3AFC7D42F1" blockId="13.[151,986,1196,1291]" box="[151,986,1230,1255]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<uri id="C73A3AB0FF96FFEBFF0CFB3AFC7D42F1" box="[151,986,1230,1255]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
<uuid id="C70D0C67FF96FFEBFE3FFB3AFC7D42F1" box="[420,986,1230,1255]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">DD61FCBF-DC4A-4EDD-818E-9E3875A97319</uuid>
</uri>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBB16539FF96FFEBFF0CFB06FF4C431D" box="[151,235,1266,1291]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="description">
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF96FFEBFF0CFB06FF4C431D" blockId="13.[151,986,1196,1291]" box="[151,235,1266,1291]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
(
<figureCitation id="2B902A37FF96FFEBFF04FB06FF44431D" box="[159,227,1266,1291]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox="[178,1414,249,1946]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,220,1966]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 4. Adult female of Coccus circularis Morrison. Abbreviations as in Fig. 3." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3770249" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3770249/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBB16539FF96FFEBFF0CFACFFD804346" box="[151,551,1338,1360]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF96FFEBFF0CFACFFD804346" blockId="13.[151,551,1338,1360]" box="[151,551,1338,1360]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93BB119CFF96FFEBFF0CFACFFD804346" box="[151,551,1338,1360]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<treatmentCitation id="320A10A3FF96FFEBFF0CFACFFD844346" author="Morrison, H." box="[151,547,1338,1360]" page="665" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" year="1921">
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF96FFEBFF0CFACFFD844346" ID-CoL="WMH9" authority="Morrison, 1921: 665" authorityName="Morrison" authorityPageNumber="665" authorityYear="1921" box="[151,547,1338,1360]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circularis">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF96FFEBFF0CFACFFEED4346" box="[151,330,1338,1360]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Coccus circularis</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D73A4B43FF96FFEBFED4FACEFD844346" author="Morrison, H." box="[335,547,1338,1360]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="637 - 677" refId="ref46837" refString="Morrison, H. (1921) Some nondiaspine Coccidae from the Malay Peninsula, with descriptions of apparently new species. The Philippine Journal of Science, 18, 637 - 677." type="journal article" year="1921">Morrison, 1921: 665</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
</treatmentCitation>
.
</treatmentCitationGroup>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBB16539FF96FFE8FF0CFA89FC26408E" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF96FFEBFF0CFA89FCCD4014" blockId="13.[151,1436,1405,2006]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF96FFEBFF0CFA89FD9D4380" bold="true" box="[151,570,1405,1430]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
Type material examined.
<typeStatus id="6C108810FF96FFEBFE56FA89FD9D4380" box="[461,570,1405,1430]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
: adult female,
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF96FFEBFD72FA89FC3D4380" bold="true" box="[745,922,1405,1430]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF96FFEBFD72FA89FC334380" box="[745,916,1405,1430]" name="Singapore" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">SINGAPORE</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
in hollow stems of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF96FFEBFB18FA8AFAA14383" box="[1155,1286,1406,1429]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF96FFEBFB18FA8AFAA14383" box="[1155,1286,1406,1429]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Macaranga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp., date not given, coll. I.H. Burkill,
<typeStatus id="6C108810FF96FFEBFE21FA55FD8543AC" box="[442,546,1441,1466]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
1(1) (
<collectionCode id="D5BAAE77FF96FFEBFDF6FA56FD6343AC" box="[621,708,1442,1466]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
).
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF96FFEBFD40FA55FBB143AC" bold="true" box="[731,1046,1441,1466]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<typeStatus id="6C108810FF96FFEBFD40FA55FCF043AC" box="[731,855,1441,1466]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF96FFEBFCFDFA55FBB643AC" box="[870,1041,1441,1466]" name="Singapore" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">SINGAPORE</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
same data as
<typeStatus id="6C108810FF96FFEBFB5BFA55FA8243AC" box="[1216,1317,1441,1466]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
, 2(
<specimenCount id="A5ADFD3BFF96FFEBFAD4FA56FA3B43AC" box="[1359,1436,1441,1466]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
female + 1 first-instar nymph) (
<collectionCode id="D5BAAE77FF96FFEBFD80FA32FDD543C8" box="[539,626,1478,1502]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
); in hollow stems of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF96FFEBFC1BFA32FBFA43C8" box="[896,1117,1477,1502]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="triloba">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF96FFEBFC1BFA32FBFA43C8" box="[896,1117,1477,1502]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Macaranga triloba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[now correctly named
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF96FFEBFAE6FA32FF504014" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bancana">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF96FFEBFAE6FA32FF504014" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">M. bancana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
], date not given, coll. I.H. Burkill, 1396, 1(1) (
<collectionCode id="D5BAAE77FF96FFEBFC9DFA1EFCFA4014" box="[774,861,1514,1538]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF96FFEBFF5CF9F9FDFF40A0" blockId="13.[151,1436,1405,2006]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF96FFEBFF5CF9F9FEE74030" bold="true" box="[199,320,1549,1574]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Examined</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="03C33CEFFF96FFEBFED6F9F9FDBE4078" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608963731" collectionCode="BMNH" collectorName="I. H. Burkill" country="Singapore" location="SINGAPORE" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-adult="2">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF96FFEBFED6F9F9FBB94030" bold="true" box="[333,1054,1549,1574]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
non-type material from original collection.
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF96FFEBFCF5F9F9FBBE4030" box="[878,1049,1549,1574]" name="Singapore" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">SINGAPORE</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
in hollow stems of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF96FFEBFA82F9FAFEB0405C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="griffithiana">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF96FFEBFA82F9FAFEB0405C" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Macaranga griffithiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, date not given, coll.
<collectorName id="1E5E5364FF96FFEBFD8BF9C6FD31405C" box="[528,662,1585,1610]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">I.H. Burkill</collectorName>
, 1389, 1(
<specimenCount id="A5ADFD3BFF96FFEBFD65F9C6FCE8405C" box="[766,847,1585,1610]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="adult">2 adult</specimenCount>
females + 2 nymphs) (
<collectionCode id="D5BAAE77FF96FFEBFBC3F9C6FB15405C" box="[1112,1202,1586,1610]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">BMNH</collectionCode>
). These four BMNH specimens have similar data to the
</materialsCitation>
<typeStatus id="6C108810FF96FFEBFDBAF9A2FDF64078" box="[545,593,1622,1646]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">type</typeStatus>
collections listed above and one of the same Burkill collection numbers as provided by
<bibRefCitation id="D73A4B43FF96FFEBFEB4F98DFE494084" author="Morrison, H." box="[303,494,1657,1682]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="637 - 677" refId="ref46837" refString="Morrison, H. (1921) Some nondiaspine Coccidae from the Malay Peninsula, with descriptions of apparently new species. The Philippine Journal of Science, 18, 637 - 677." type="journal article" year="1921">Morrison (1921)</bibRefCitation>
in his original description of this species, but they are not
<typeStatus id="6C108810FF96FFEBFB5BF98EFB574084" box="[1216,1264,1658,1682]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">type</typeStatus>
specimens, as explained in the Materials and methods.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF96FFEBFF5CF935FCBB4134" blockId="13.[151,1436,1405,2006]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF96FFEBFF5CF935FD6140CC" bold="true" box="[199,710,1729,1754]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Other material examined: PENINSULAR</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="03C33CEFFF96FFEBFD4AF935FC8740E8" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608963729" collectingDate="1999-09-18" collectorName="S. - P. Quek" country="Malaysia" elevation="100" location="Felda Pasoh" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Negeri Sembilan">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF96FFEBFD4AF935FCD640CC" bold="true" box="[721,881,1729,1754]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF96FFEBFD4AF935FCCC40CC" box="[721,875,1729,1754]" name="Malaysia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">MALAYSIA</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF96FFEBFCE0F935FBE740CC" box="[891,1088,1729,1754]" country="Malaysia" name="Negeri Sembilan" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Negeri Sembilan</collectingRegion>
,
<location id="B6746069FF96FFEBFBD5F935FB7A40CC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B0287A4FF96FFF7FF0CFB58FBF94503:B6746069FF96FFEBFBD5F935FB7A40CC" box="[1102,1245,1729,1754]" country="Malaysia" name="Felda Pasoh" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" stateProvince="Negeri Sembilan">Felda Pasoh</location>
, &lt;
<quantity id="74539B57FF96FFEBFB67F936FAEE40CF" box="[1276,1353,1730,1754]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="100.0">
<elevation id="3886D181FF96FFEBFB67F936FAEE40CF" box="[1276,1353,1730,1754]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF96FFEBFAE6F936FEAD40E8" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hypoleuca">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF96FFEBFAE6F936FEAD40E8" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">M. hypoleuca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7151072FF96FFEBFE83F912FE1240E8" box="[280,437,1766,1790]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1999-09-18">
<collectingDate id="D751E99AFF96FFEBFE83F912FE1240E8" box="[280,437,1766,1790]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1999-09-18">18 Sept. 1999</collectingDate>
</date>
, coll.
<collectorName id="1E5E5364FF96FFEBFE63F912FDD540E8" box="[504,626,1765,1790]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">S.-P. Quek</collectorName>
, SPQ.076, 1(1)
</materialsCitation>
.
<materialsCitation id="03C33CEFFF96FFEBFCB0F911FCBF4134" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608963733" collectingDate="1999-10-10" collectorName="S. - P. Quek" country="Singapore" elevation="100" location="Lower Peirce Reservoir" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" specimenCount="1">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF96FFEBFCB0F911FC7C40E8" bold="true" box="[811,987,1765,1790]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF96FFEBFCB0F911FC7140E8" box="[811,982,1765,1790]" name="Singapore" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">SINGAPORE</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<location id="B6746069FF96FFEBFC79F912FB4A40E8" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:3B0287A4FF96FFF7FF0CFB58FBF94503:B6746069FF96FFEBFC79F912FB4A40E8" box="[994,1261,1765,1790]" country="Singapore" name="Lower Peirce Reservoir" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Lower Peirce Reservoir</location>
, &lt;
<quantity id="74539B57FF96FFEBFA93F912FAF640EB" box="[1288,1361,1766,1790]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="100.0">
<elevation id="3886D181FF96FFEBFA93F912FAF640EB" box="[1288,1361,1766,1790]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</elevation>
</quantity>
, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF96FFEBFAE6F912FEAD4134" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hypoleuca">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF96FFEBFAE6F912FEAD4134" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">M. hypoleuca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7151072FF96FFEBFE83F8FEFE0B4134" box="[280,428,1802,1826]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1999-10-10">
<collectingDate id="D751E99AFF96FFEBFE83F8FEFE0B4134" box="[280,428,1802,1826]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1999-10-10">10 Oct. 1999</collectingDate>
</date>
, coll.
<collectorName id="1E5E5364FF96FFEBFE74F8FEFDCE4134" box="[495,617,1801,1826]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">S.-P. Quek</collectorName>
, SPQ.094, 1(1)
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF96FFEBFF5CF8D9FA3B41C3" blockId="13.[151,1436,1405,2006]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF96FFEBFF5CF8D9FCAA4153" bold="true" box="[199,781,1836,1862]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
Other material examined.
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF96FFEBFD9EF8D9FDFE4153" box="[517,601,1837,1861]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF96FFEBFD9EF8D9FDFE4153" bold="true" box="[517,601,1837,1861]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Coccus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
near
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF96FFEBFD04F8D8FCAA4153" box="[671,781,1836,1861]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circularis">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF96FFEBFD04F8D8FCAA4153" bold="true" box="[671,781,1836,1861]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">circularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
:
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF96FFEBFC86F8D9FC074150" bold="true" box="[797,928,1837,1862]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">BORNEO:</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF96FFEBFC33F8D9FC504150" box="[936,1015,1837,1862]" name="Brunei" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Brunei</collectingCountry>
, Batu Apoi Forest Reserve,
<geoCoordinate id="D69F5075FF96FFEBFAACF8DAFA3F4153" box="[1335,1432,1838,1862]" degrees="4" direction="north" minutes="33" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="925" value="4.55">4° 33' N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="D69F5075FF96FFEBFF0CF8A5FEA8417F" box="[151,271,1873,1898]" degrees="115" direction="east" minutes="09" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="925" value="115.15">115° 09' E</geoCoordinate>
,
<date id="C7151072FF96FFEBFE87F8A6FE1D417C" box="[284,442,1873,1898]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1995-08-24">24 Aug. 1995</date>
, coll. P.J. Gullan, PJG-B47, 3(
<specimenCount id="A5ADFD3BFF96FFEBFC8CF8A6FCC5417C" box="[791,866,1873,1898]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
female &amp; 13 first-instar nymphs); Sabah, Crocker Range, Keningau to Ulu Kimanis trail,
<geoCoordinate id="D69F5075FF96FFEBFDD4F881FD0D419B" box="[591,682,1909,1934]" degrees="5.28" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="555" value="5.28">5.28° N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate id="D69F5075FF96FFEBFD2EF881FC81419B" box="[693,806,1909,1934]" degrees="116.05" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" precision="555" value="116.05">116.05° E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity id="74539B57FF96FFEBFCA9F882FCDC419B" box="[818,891,1910,1934]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="m" value="900.0">900 m</quantity>
, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF96FFEBFC33F882FB304198" box="[936,1175,1909,1934]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glandibracteolata">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF96FFEBFC33F882FB304198" box="[936,1175,1909,1934]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">M. glandibracteolata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7151072FF96FFEBFB3FF882FA9E4198" box="[1188,1337,1910,1934]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1999-10-19">19 Oct. 1999</date>
, coll. S.- P. Quek, SPQ.136a, DNA voucher 1(1); Sabah, Crocker Range, Tambunan to Kota Kinabalu Rd, 1000? m, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF96FFEBFAE6F86EFF5B41C0" authorityName="Heine" authorityYear="1951" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="puberula">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF96FFEBFAE6F86EFF5B41C0" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">M. puberula</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7151072FF96FFEBFE91F849FE0741C0" box="[266,416,1981,2006]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" value="1999-10-15">15 Oct. 1999</date>
, coll. S.-P. Quek, SPQ.098, DNA voucher 1(1); Sabah, Crocker Range, Tambunan to Kota
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF95FFE8FF0CFF63FED64772" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
Kinabalu Rd,
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FEA3FF6CFE3546B9" box="[312,402,152,176]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="m" value="1300.0">1300 m</quantity>
, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF95FFE8FE5FFF6DFDCA46A6" authorityName="Airy Shaw" authorityYear="1971" box="[452,621,151,176]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="petanostyla">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF95FFE8FE5FFF6DFDCA46A6" box="[452,621,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">M. petanostyla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7151072FF95FFE8FDE5FF6CFCB846A6" box="[638,799,152,176]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="1999-10-24">24. Oct. 1999</date>
, coll. S.-P. Quek, SPQ.163, DNA voucher 1(1);
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF95FFE8FACAFF63FA3F46A6" box="[1361,1432,151,176]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Sabah</collectingRegion>
, Poring, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF95FFE8FE81FF49FDB446C3" box="[282,531,188,213]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="glandibracheolata">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF95FFE8FE81FF49FDB446C3" box="[282,531,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">M. glandibracheolata</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7151072FF95FFE8FDBEFF48FD6346C2" box="[549,708,188,212]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" value="2001-04-17">17 Apr. 2001</date>
, coll. B. Fiala, #106, 6(6);
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF95FFE8FB96FF48FBF346C3" box="[1037,1108,188,213]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Sabah</collectingRegion>
, Poring Hot Springs, ex
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF95FFE8FAE6FF49FE0F46EE" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF95FFE8FAE6FF49FF5B46EE" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="depressa">M. depressa</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF95FFE8FE90FF15FE0F46EE" box="[267,424,223,248]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="motleyana">M. motleyana</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
&amp;
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF95FFE8FE49FF15FDDB46EE" authorityName="Airy Shaw" authorityYear="1971" box="[466,636,223,248]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="petanostyla">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF95FFE8FE49FF15FDDB46EE" box="[466,636,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">M. petanostyla</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, no dates, coll. H.-P. Heckroth, #552, 573, 640, 1140 &amp; 1410, 5(18) (
<collectionCode id="D5BAAE77FF95FFE8FF04FEF0FF4D470A" box="[159,234,260,284]" country="Malaysia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rw2k-chgr" name="Forest Research Institute, Malaysia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">FRIM</collectionCode>
);
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF95FFE8FF67FEF0FEE4470B" box="[252,323,260,285]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Sabah</collectingRegion>
, Poring Hot Springs, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF95FFE8FDCFFEF1FD48470B" box="[596,751,260,285]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="indistincta">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF95FFE8FDCFFEF1FD48470B" box="[596,751,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">M. indistincta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, no date, coll. H.-P. Heckroth, #589, 1(1 on slide with
<specimenCount id="A5ADFD3BFF95FFE8FACBFEF0FA3B470B" box="[1360,1436,260,285]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
female of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF95FFE8FE93FEDCFE5F4756" authorityName="Gullan &amp; Kondo" authorityYear="2018" box="[264,504,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudotumuliferus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF95FFE8FE93FEDCFEBC4729" box="[264,283,296,319]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">C</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF95FFE8FEB2FED3FE5F4756" box="[297,504,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">pseudotumuliferus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (
<collectionCode id="D5BAAE77FF95FFE8FD8BFEDCFDFC4756" box="[528,603,296,320]" country="Malaysia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rw2k-chgr" name="Forest Research Institute, Malaysia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">FRIM</collectionCode>
);
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF95FFE8FDF5FED3FD124756" box="[622,693,295,320]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Sabah</collectingRegion>
, Ranau, roadside, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF95FFE8FC3FFEDDFBEF4756" box="[932,1096,295,320]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="beccariana">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF95FFE8FC3FFEDDFBEF4756" box="[932,1096,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">M. beccariana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, no date, coll. H.-P. Heckroth, #539, 1(3) (
<collectionCode id="D5BAAE77FF95FFE8FE80FEB8FEC14772" box="[283,358,332,356]" country="Malaysia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rw2k-chgr" name="Forest Research Institute, Malaysia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">FRIM</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF95FFE8FF5CFE9BFC4247E2" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF95FFE8FF5CFE9BFEA1479E" bold="true" box="[199,262,367,392]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Note.</emphasis>
Specimens referred to as
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF95FFE8FDB7FE84FDD84791" box="[556,639,368,391]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF95FFE8FDB7FE84FDD84791" box="[556,639,368,391]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Coccus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
near
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF95FFE8FD25FE9BFC8D479E" box="[702,810,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circularis">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF95FFE8FD25FE9BFC8D479E" box="[702,810,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">circularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are all from Borneo and three of these specimens form Clade
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FF44FE60FEAE47BB" box="[223,265,404,429]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.016" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="in" value="4.0">4 in</quantity>
<bibRefCitation id="D73A4B43FF95FFE8FE94FE60FE7347BA" author="Quek, S. P. &amp; Ueda, S. &amp; Gullan, P. J. &amp; Kondo, T. &amp; Hattori, M. &amp; Itioka, T. &amp; Murase, K. &amp; Itino, T." box="[271,468,404,429]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="818 - 835" refId="ref47225" refString="Quek, S. P., Ueda, S., Gullan, P. J., Kondo, T., Hattori, M., Itioka, T., Murase, K. &amp; Itino, T. (2017) Nuclear-DNA-based species delineations of Coccus scale insects in symbiosis with plants and ants, and the role of plant epicuticular wax in structuring associations. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 120 (4), 818 - 835. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / bij. 12917" type="journal article" year="2017">
Quek
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF95FFE8FEC8FE61FE2547BB" box="[339,386,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">et al</emphasis>
. (2017
</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 3). At our present state of knowledge, we consider these three specimens from the Crocker Range in Sabah (listed above) together with other specimens from Sabah and a specimen from
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF95FFE8FAB0FE43FADD47C6" box="[1323,1402,439,464]" name="Brunei" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Brunei</collectingCountry>
, to be geographic variants of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF95FFE8FE21FE29FDE147E3" box="[442,582,476,501]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circularis">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF95FFE8FE21FE29FDE147E3" box="[442,582,476,501]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">C. circularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(discussed below under Comments).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF95FFE8FF5CFE0BFBB94493" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF95FFE8FF5CFE0BFDDE440E" bold="true" box="[199,633,511,536]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Adult female. Unmounted material.</emphasis>
“Nearly to quite circular, dull grayish, appearing as if sprinkled with gray powder or dust; flat, but slightly ridged transversely about the middle and with low radiating ridges around the margin; anal cleft a little less than one-third the body length; extreme margin of body slightly elevated all the way around, forming a more or less distinct marginal ridge; ..” (
<bibRefCitation id="D73A4B43FF95FFE8FCB7FD98FBB54493" author="Morrison, H." box="[812,1042,620,645]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="637 - 677" refId="ref46837" refString="Morrison, H. (1921) Some nondiaspine Coccidae from the Malay Peninsula, with descriptions of apparently new species. The Philippine Journal of Science, 18, 637 - 677." type="journal article" year="1921">Morrison 1921: 665</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF95FFE8FF5CFD7BFC4544DB" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF95FFE8FF5CFD7BFDBC44BE" bold="true" box="[199,539,655,680]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Slide-mounted adult female</emphasis>
(n=6, based on adult females from
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF95FFE8FC4BFD7BFBE244BE" box="[976,1093,655,680]" name="Singapore" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Singapore</collectingCountry>
, including all 5 collected by Burkill;
<figureCitation id="2B902A37FF95FFE8FF6EFD40FE9E44DA" box="[245,313,692,717]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1993,2015]" captionTargetBox="[178,1414,249,1946]" captionTargetId="figure@16.[151,1436,220,1966]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 4. Adult female of Coccus circularis Morrison. Abbreviations as in Fig. 3." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3770249" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3770249/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
). Body circular to oval, 3.0–
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FDE7FD40FD7744DA" box="[636,720,692,716]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.1" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="3.1">3.1 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FC8DFD40FC3A44DA" box="[790,925,692,717]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.85" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="2.85" valueMax="3.1" valueMin="2.6">2.6–3.1 mm</quantity>
wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF95FFE8FF5CFD2DFE36424E" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF95FFE8FF5CFD2DFE8E44E6" box="[199,297,729,752]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Dorsum.</emphasis>
Derm (dd) with numerous oval to circular areolations and with lightly sclerotised submarginal lines radiating inwards at right angles to margin. Dorsal setae (dset) slender, each with a flagellate apex,
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FB70FD08FAFA4503" box="[1259,1373,764,789]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="22.5" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="15.0">15–30 µm</quantity>
long, scattered on dorsum. Simple pores (sp) each 2.5–3.0 µm wide, scattered evenly on dorsum. Preopercular pores (pop) each
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FE82FCB0FED6454B" box="[281,369,836,861]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="5.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="4.0">4–6 µm</quantity>
wide, scarce (7 on
<typeStatus id="6C108810FF95FFE8FDCDFCB0FD1B454B" box="[598,700,836,861]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
), present anterior to anal plates (not counted on most
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF95FFE8FAB1FCB0FA3B454B" box="[1322,1436,836,861]" name="Singapore" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Singapore</collectingCountry>
females but numbering 6–10 pores in non-Singapore females). Dorsal microducts (dmic) in areolations each about 2.0–
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FF52FC78FE8745B3" box="[201,288,908,933]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 µm</quantity>
wide, appearing bilocular under high magnification. Anal plates (anplt) each triangular with anterolateral margin either equal to or slightly longer than posterolateral margin, length of each plate 1.5–1.8 times width, inner lobes well developed, with a tessellated texture, each plate
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FC78FC20FBD245FB" box="[995,1141,980,1005]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.775" metricValueMax="1.85" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="177.5" valueMax="185.0" valueMin="170.0">170–185 µm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FB58FC20FAF345FB" box="[1219,1364,980,1005]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.225" metricValueMax="1.45" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="122.5" valueMax="145.0" valueMin="100.0">100–145 µm</quantity>
wide, anterolateral margin
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FE18FC03FDB54206" box="[387,530,1015,1040]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.6" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="135.0" valueMax="160.0" valueMin="110.0">110–160 µm</quantity>
long, posterolateral margin
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FCCEFC03FC434206" box="[853,996,1015,1040]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.225" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="1.15" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="122.5" valueMax="130.0" valueMin="115.0">115–130 µm</quantity>
long; each plate with 4–7 dorsal setae [females from Sabah with 6–11 setae; see Comments], each seta
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FCE1FBE8FC484223" box="[890,1007,1052,1077]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="22.5" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="15.0">15–30 µm</quantity>
long. Anal ring (ar) bearing 10 setae, each
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FF4AFBCBFEF6424E" box="[209,337,1087,1112]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.9" metricValueMax="11.3" metricValueMin="8.5" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="99.0" valueMax="113.0" valueMin="85.0">85–113 µm</quantity>
long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF95FFE8FF5CFB91FD39431B" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF95FFE8FF5CFB91FE86426A" box="[199,289,1125,1148]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Margin.</emphasis>
Eyespots present on dorsal margin. Marginal setae (mset) in 1 row, each seta sharply spinose, with a pointed or bifurcate or fimbriate apex,
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FDC0FB7CFD6842B7" box="[603,719,1160,1185]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="27.5" valueMax="38.0" valueMin="17.0">17–38 µm</quantity>
long. Marginal setae between anterior and posterior stigmatic areas on each side of body totalling 6–12 [females from
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF95FFE8FC83FB58FCFA42D3" box="[792,861,1196,1221]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Sabah</collectingRegion>
with 19–27 setae; see Comments]. Stigmatic setae (stgset) well developed, spinose with pointed apices, numbering 3 per cleft, median setae usually longest, each
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FAE9FB24FF78431B" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.85" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="28.5" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="17.0">17– 40 µm</quantity>
long, lateral setae each
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FE77FB00FDF9431B" box="[492,606,1268,1293]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="19.0" valueMax="28.0" valueMin="10.0">10–28 µm</quantity>
long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF95FFE8FF5CFAEDFC26408E" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF95FFE8FF5CFAEDFEB74326" box="[199,272,1305,1328]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Venter.</emphasis>
Derm membranous. Ventral setae (vset) slender, prevulvar pairs longest, each
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FB41FAE3FAF24327" box="[1242,1365,1303,1329]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.85" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="38.5" valueMax="60.0" valueMin="17.0">17–60 µm</quantity>
long, elsewhere shorter, each
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FE3EFAC8FDB04343" box="[421,535,1340,1365]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="16.5" valueMax="23.0" valueMin="10.0">10–23 µm</quantity>
long, with submarginal setae each
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FC3EFAC8FBBE4343" box="[933,1049,1340,1365]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="12.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="10.0">10–15 µm</quantity>
long. Interantennal setae in 2 or 3 pairs, each seta
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FED5FAABFE64436F" box="[334,451,1375,1401]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="17.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="10.0">10–25 µm</quantity>
long. Ventral tubular ducts (vtd) present in a broad submarginal band; each duct with outer ductule about
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FE1DFA70FE73438B" box="[390,468,1412,1437]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 µm</quantity>
long, inner ductule
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FD51FA70FCE4438B" box="[714,835,1412,1437]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="18.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="17.0">17–20 µm</quantity>
long, and duct opening about
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FB2DFA70FB51438B" box="[1206,1270,1412,1437]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 µm</quantity>
wide. Ventral microducts (vmic) each about
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FE6BFA5CFD8C43D7" box="[496,555,1448,1473]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 µm</quantity>
wide, scattered fairly evenly on venter. Pregenital disc-pores (pgp) each with 5–8 (mostly 6 and 7) loculi, each pore
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FDD6FA38FD0343F3" box="[589,676,1484,1509]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="5.0">5–6 µm</quantity>
wide. Antennae (ant) each with 7, rarely 8, segments,
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FA95FA38FA3B43F3" box="[1294,1436,1484,1509]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.575" metricValueMax="2.9" metricValueMin="2.25" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="257.5" valueMax="290.0" valueMin="225.0">225–290 µm</quantity>
long; fleshy setae present on distal 3 segments. Clypeolabral shield
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FC03FA1BFB8F401F" box="[920,1064,1519,1545]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.465" metricValueMax="2.63" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="246.5" valueMax="263.0" valueMin="230.0">230–263 µm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FBEAFA1BFAA7401F" box="[1137,1280,1519,1545]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.425" metricValueMax="2.55" metricValueMin="2.3" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="242.5" valueMax="255.0" valueMin="230.0">230–255 µm</quantity>
wide; labium
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FF0CF9E0FEBF403B" box="[151,280,1556,1581]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="9.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="95.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="90.0">90–100 µm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FEC5F9E0FE4A403B" box="[350,493,1556,1581]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.175" metricValueMax="1.3" metricValueMin="1.05" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="117.5" valueMax="130.0" valueMin="105.0">105–130 µm</quantity>
wide. Legs with hind trochanter + femur
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FC24F9E0FBEA403B" box="[959,1101,1556,1581]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="1.85" metricValueMin="1.65" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="175.0" valueMax="185.0" valueMin="165.0">165–185 µm</quantity>
long; hind tibia + tarsus
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FAFFF9E0FF484047" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.675" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.45" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="167.5" valueMax="190.0" valueMin="145.0">145– 190 µm</quantity>
long; all tarsal digitules each
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FDD1F9C3FD184047" box="[586,703,1591,1617]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.95" metricValueMax="3.3" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="29.5" valueMax="33.0" valueMin="26.0">26–33 µm</quantity>
long; claw digitules each
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FC75F9CCFBC44047" box="[1006,1123,1592,1617]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="25.0" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="20.0">20–30 µm</quantity>
long, each claw
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FABCF9C3FA3B4047" box="[1319,1436,1591,1617]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="22.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="20.0">20–25 µm</quantity>
long. Spiracles normal: anterior peritremes each
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FD42F9A8FCF64063" box="[729,849,1628,1653]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.35" metricValueMax="5.5" metricValueMin="5.2" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="53.5" valueMax="55.0" valueMin="52.0">52–55 µm</quantity>
wide; posterior peritremes each
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FB40F9A8FAF54063" box="[1243,1362,1628,1653]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.35" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.7" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="63.5" valueMax="70.0" valueMin="57.0">57–70 µm</quantity>
wide. Spiracular pores (spp) each
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FE54F974FDAE408F" box="[463,521,1664,1689]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="4.0">4 µm</quantity>
wide, with 3–5 (mostly 5) loculi.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBB16539FF95FFF7FF5CF950FBF94503" lastPageId="17" lastPageNumber="18" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF95FFE8FF5CF950FDFC41CB" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF95FFE8FF5CF950FEE840AB" bold="true" box="[199,335,1700,1725]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Comments.</emphasis>
Adult females of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF95FFE8FD80F951FD0F40AB" box="[539,680,1700,1725]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circularis">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF95FFE8FD80F951FD0F40AB" box="[539,680,1700,1725]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">C. circularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from all other species of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF95FFE8FB23F951FAAD40AA" box="[1208,1290,1701,1724]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF95FFE8FB23F951FAAD40AA" box="[1208,1290,1701,1724]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Coccus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
known from
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF95FFE8FF0CF93DFEBD40F6" box="[151,282,1737,1760]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF95FFE8FF0CF93DFEBD40F6" box="[151,282,1737,1760]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Macaranga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having the combination of (i) slender dorsal setae each&gt;
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FC59F93CFBAD40F7" box="[962,1034,1736,1761]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 µm</quantity>
long and with a flagellate apex; (ii) marginal setae in a single row and with each seta spinose,
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FCB3F918FC3B4113" box="[808,924,1772,1797]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="27.5" valueMax="38.0" valueMin="17.0">17–38 µm</quantity>
long and with a pointed, divided or fimbriate apex; and (iii) anal plates each with 4–7 setae, each seta ≤
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FCA4F8E4FC2E413F" box="[831,905,1808,1833]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 µm</quantity>
long. Adult females of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF95FFE8FB3BF8E4FA97413E" box="[1184,1328,1807,1832]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circularis">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF95FFE8FB3BF8E4FA97413E" box="[1184,1328,1807,1832]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">C. circularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are most similar to the adult females of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF95FFE8FE6AF8C1FD39415A" box="[497,670,1845,1868]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macarangae">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF95FFE8FE6AF8C1FD39415A" box="[497,670,1845,1868]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">C. macarangae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having fewer than 10 setae on each anal plate and some or many marginal setae that are apically fimbriate or bifurcate, but differ from
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF95FFE8FC23F8ACFBC04166" box="[952,1127,1880,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macarangae">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF95FFE8FC23F8ACFBC04166" box="[952,1127,1880,1904]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">C. macarangae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in that the dorsal setae are sparser, generally shorter (≤
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FE4BF888FDBE4183" box="[464,537,1916,1941]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 µm</quantity>
long) and more slender, and the preopercular pores are usually smaller (
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FADFF888FA3B4183" box="[1348,1436,1916,1941]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="5.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="5.0">5–6 µm</quantity>
wide) and scarce (≤10) in
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF95FFE8FE4BF855FDC741AF" box="[464,608,1952,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circularis">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF95FFE8FE4BF855FDC741AF" box="[464,608,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">C. circularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF95FFE8FDEEF855FC8141AE" box="[629,806,1953,1976]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macarangae">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF95FFE8FDEEF855FC8141AE" box="[629,806,1953,1976]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">C. macarangae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
with some dorsal setae up to
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FB15F854FB7C41AF" box="[1166,1243,1952,1977]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 µm</quantity>
long and 20–50 preopercular pores each
<quantity id="74539B57FF95FFE8FE32F830FDAA41CB" box="[425,525,1988,2013]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="mm" value="8.0" valueMax="11.0" valueMin="5.0">5–11 µm</quantity>
wide).
</paragraph>
<caption id="E7D4663AFF94FFE9FF0CF897FE3941E5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3770247" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3770247" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3770247/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" startId="15.[151,250,1891,1913]" targetBox="[208,1394,218,1851]" targetPageId="15">
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF94FFE9FF0CF897FE3941E5" blockId="15.[151,1436,1891,2035]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF94FFE9FF0CF897FEB3416E" bold="true" box="[151,276,1891,1913]" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
Adult female of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF94FFE9FE53F890FCBF416F" authority="Morrison." authorityName="Morrison." box="[456,792,1891,1913]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="16" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caviramicolus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF94FFE9FE53F890FD0C416F" box="[456,683,1891,1913]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="16">Coccus caviramicolus</emphasis>
Morrison.
</taxonomicName>
Abbreviations for enlargements: ar—anal ring, only right half illustrated (this ring lies medially under the anal plates and thus is not visible on the main illustration); anplt—anal plates; dddorsal derm; dmic—dorsal microduct; dset—dorsal seta; mset—marginal setae; pop—preopercular pores; pgp—pregenital disc-pores; sp—simple pore; spp—spiracular pores; stgset—stigmatic setae; vmic—ventral microduct; vset—ventral setae; vtd—ventral tubular duct.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="E7D4663AFF8BFFF6FF0CF83DFC4841C9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3770249" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3770249" box="[151,1007,1993,2015]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3770249/files/figure.png" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" startId="16.[151,250,1993,2015]" targetBox="[178,1414,249,1946]" targetPageId="16">
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF8BFFF6FF0CF83DFC4841C9" blockId="16.[151,1007,1993,2015]" box="[151,1007,1993,2015]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8BFFF6FF0CF83DFEB541C8" bold="true" box="[151,274,1993,2015]" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">FIGURE 4.</emphasis>
Adult female of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8BFFF6FE24F83EFD7941C9" authority="Morrison." authorityName="Morrison." box="[447,734,1993,2015]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="16" pageNumber="17" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circularis">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8BFFF6FE24F83EFDD541C9" box="[447,626,1993,2015]" italics="true" pageId="16" pageNumber="17">Coccus circularis</emphasis>
Morrison.
</taxonomicName>
Abbreviations as in Fig. 3.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF8AFFF7FF5CFF63FBF94503" blockId="17.[151,1436,151,789]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">
Burkill's collections of this species were from two
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8AFFF7FC88FF6DFC3146A6" box="[787,918,153,176]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8AFFF7FC88FF6DFC3146A6" box="[787,918,153,176]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Macaranga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species from
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF8AFFF7FBA2FF63FB0946A6" box="[1081,1198,151,176]" name="Singapore" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Singapore</collectingCountry>
. No specific locality was provided on the labels but, during Burkill's time, collections may have been made at various places on the island because there would have been more native vegetation present.
<bibRefCitation id="D73A4B43FF8AFFF7FC53FF2BFB6E46EE" author="Heckroth, H. - P. &amp; Fiala, B. &amp; Gullan, P. J. &amp; Idris, A. H. &amp; Maschwitz, U." box="[968,1225,223,248]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="427 - 443" refId="ref45661" refString="Heckroth, H. - P., Fiala, B., Gullan, P. J., Idris, A. H. &amp; Maschwitz, U. (1998) The soft scale (Coccidae) associates of Malaysian ant-plants. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 14, 427 - 443. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0266467498000327" type="journal article" year="1998">
Heckroth
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8AFFF7FBA1FF15FBCA46EE" box="[1082,1133,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">et al</emphasis>
. (1998)
</bibRefCitation>
mentioned only a single specimen of this species and provided no further information on it. Only specimens from three collections from the Crocker Range in Sabah on Borneo were sequenced for the phylogenetic reconstruction of
<bibRefCitation id="D73A4B43FF8AFFF7FA87FED3FF7C4772" author="Quek, S. P. &amp; Ueda, S. &amp; Gullan, P. J. &amp; Kondo, T. &amp; Hattori, M. &amp; Itioka, T. &amp; Murase, K. &amp; Itino, T." pageId="17" pageNumber="18" pagination="818 - 835" refId="ref47225" refString="Quek, S. P., Ueda, S., Gullan, P. J., Kondo, T., Hattori, M., Itioka, T., Murase, K. &amp; Itino, T. (2017) Nuclear-DNA-based species delineations of Coccus scale insects in symbiosis with plants and ants, and the role of plant epicuticular wax in structuring associations. Biological Journal of the Linnean Society, 120 (4), 818 - 835. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / bij. 12917" type="journal article" year="2017">
Quek
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8AFFF7FAF9FEDDFA324756" box="[1378,1429,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">et al</emphasis>
. (2017
</bibRefCitation>
, fig. 3, Clade 4). These three adult females, referred to as
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8AFFF7FCC5FEB9FCD64772" box="[862,881,333,356]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">C</emphasis>
. near
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8AFFF7FC2FFEB8FB874773" box="[948,1056,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circularis">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8AFFF7FC2FFEB8FB874773" box="[948,1056,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">circularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, are very similar morphologically to specimens from
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF8AFFF7FEE9FE9BFE43479E" box="[370,484,367,392]" name="Singapore" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Singapore</collectingCountry>
and one from Peninsular
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF8AFFF7FC96FE9BFCD0479E" box="[781,887,367,392]" name="Malaysia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
, but have a greater number (19–27) of marginal setae between the anterior and posterior spiracular clefts on each side of the body compared with the Singaporean and Peninsular Malaysian specimens (5–12 setae), generally shorter marginal setae (
<quantity id="74539B57FF8AFFF7FBFBFE43FB7047C6" box="[1120,1239,439,464]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.85" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="18.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="12.0">12–25 µm</quantity>
long, but mostly
<quantity id="74539B57FF8AFFF7FF0CFE28FEAA47E3" box="[151,269,476,501]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="16.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="13.0">13–20 µm</quantity>
, versus
<quantity id="74539B57FF8AFFF7FEF3FE28FE4447E3" box="[360,483,476,501]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.8" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="27.5" valueMax="38.0" valueMin="17.0">17– 38 µm</quantity>
long), shorter dorsal setae (
<quantity id="74539B57FF8AFFF7FC86FE28FC3547E3" box="[797,914,476,501]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="12.5" valueMax="15.0" valueMin="10.0">10–15 µm</quantity>
versus
<quantity id="74539B57FF8AFFF7FC73FE28FBFB47E3" box="[1000,1116,476,501]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.25" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="22.5" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="15.0">15–30 µm</quantity>
long) and often more dorsal setae on each anal plate (6–11 versus 4–7). The specimens from the Crocker Range were collected at higher altitude and are geographically separated from populations found in
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF8AFFF7FC0CFDD0FBAF442B" box="[919,1032,548,573]" name="Singapore" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Singapore</collectingCountry>
and Peninsular
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF8AFFF7FB26FDD0FA80442B" box="[1213,1319,548,573]" name="Malaysia" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
. There are a number of other specimens from
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF8AFFF7FDACFDB3FDDC4476" box="[567,635,583,608]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Sabah</collectingRegion>
(from Poring Hot Springs and near Ranau) that seem to be
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8AFFF7FADCFDBCFAFD4449" box="[1351,1370,584,607]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">C</emphasis>
. near
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8AFFF7FF0CFD98FEA44493" box="[151,259,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circularis">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8AFFF7FF0CFD98FEA44493" box="[151,259,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">circularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but most of the specimens are mature, damaged or heavily stained. The latter, however, appear similar to the three females from the Crocker Range, although their marginal setae appear shorter (generally
<quantity id="74539B57FF8AFFF7FB7AFD64FAF444BE" box="[1249,1363,656,680]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" unit="mm" value="14.0" valueMax="18.0" valueMin="10.0">10–18 µm</quantity>
long). The single specimen from
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF8AFFF7FE5AFD40FDAA44DB" box="[449,525,692,717]" name="Brunei" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">Brunei</collectingCountry>
is also morphologically similar to the
<typeStatus id="6C108810FF8AFFF7FC26FD41FC4A44DB" box="[957,1005,693,717]" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">type</typeStatus>
specimens of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF8AFFF7FB15FD41FABC44DB" box="[1166,1307,692,717]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="17" pageNumber="18" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="circularis">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF8AFFF7FB15FD41FABC44DB" box="[1166,1307,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="17" pageNumber="18">C. circularis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
except that it has very few ventral tubular ducts on the head or the posterior abdomen. More samples are required for molecular analysis to determine the extent of any genetic variation among the regions.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<mods:title id="A0816B6ACCB86AD8AA411BB137ECDD55">Taxonomy of coccids (Hemiptera: Coccidae: Coccus L.) associated with Crematogaster ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the stems of Macaranga plants (Euphorbiaceae) in Southeast Asia</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="7DF7C879CA69AD41353A56C4F2518DB2">Kondo, Takumasa</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation id="085AD8FD529317D3A2BD7E0AAAA2A256">Corporación Colombiana de Investigación Agropecuaria (Agrosavia), Centro de Investigación Palmira, Calle 23, Carrera 37 Continuo al Penal, Palmira, Valle, Colombia. E-mail: tkondo @ agrosavia. co</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="A03B7A231513147BEC2FF980F6A70B43">Department of Animal Ecology and Tropical Biology, Biocenter, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany. Email: fiala @ biozentrum. uni-wuerzburg. de</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="906D9AF3520FED8EAB5AA57E9CC595D0">Department of Integrative Biology, University of California, Berkeley 94720, U. S. A. E-mail: queksp @ gmail. com</mods:affiliation>
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<paragraph id="B31436B2FF97FFEAFF0CFF63FDB946A4" blockId="12.[151,960,151,247]" box="[151,542,151,178]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<heading id="E85C81DEFF97FFEAFF0CFF63FDB946A4" bold="true" box="[151,542,151,178]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" reason="1">
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF97FFEAFF0CFF63FDB946A4" ID-CoL="WMGX" authority="Morrison" authorityName="Morrison" box="[151,542,151,178]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caviramicolus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF97FFEAFF0CFF63FDB946A4" bold="true" box="[151,542,151,178]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF97FFEAFF0CFF63FE3846A7" bold="true" box="[151,415,151,177]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Coccus caviramicolus</emphasis>
Morrison
</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
</heading>
</paragraph>
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urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:
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<paragraph id="B31436B2FF97FFEAFF0CFF2AFF4C46E1" blockId="12.[151,960,151,247]" box="[151,235,222,247]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
(
<figureCitation id="2B902A37FF97FFEAFF04FF2AFF4546E1" box="[159,226,222,247]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1891,1913]" captionTargetBox="[208,1394,218,1851]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[180,1416,193,1877]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 3. Adult female of Coccus caviramicolus Morrison. Abbreviations for enlargements: ar—anal ring, only right half illustrated (this ring lies medially under the anal plates and thus is not visible on the main illustration); anplt—anal plates; dddorsal derm; dmic—dorsal microduct; dset—dorsal seta; mset—marginal setae; pop—preopercular pores; pgp—pregenital disc-pores; sp—simple pore; spp—spiracular pores; stgset—stigmatic setae; vmic—ventral microduct; vset—ventral setae; vtd—ventral tubular duct." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3770247" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3770247/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBB16539FF97FFEAFF0CFED3FDF2472A" box="[151,597,294,316]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF97FFEAFF0CFED3FDF2472A" blockId="12.[151,597,294,316]" box="[151,597,294,316]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<treatmentCitationGroup id="93BB119CFF97FFEAFF0CFED3FDF2472A" box="[151,597,294,316]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<treatmentCitation id="320A10A3FF97FFEAFF0CFED3FDF6472A" author="Morrison, H." box="[151,593,294,316]" page="659" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" year="1921">
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF97FFEAFF0CFED3FDF6472A" ID-CoL="WMGX" authority="Morrison, 1921: 659" authorityName="Morrison" authorityPageNumber="659" authorityYear="1921" box="[151,593,294,316]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caviramicolus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF97FFEAFF0CFED3FED0472A" box="[151,375,294,316]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Coccus caviramicolus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D73A4B43FF97FFEAFEE6FED2FDF6472A" author="Morrison, H." box="[381,593,294,316]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="637 - 677" refId="ref46837" refString="Morrison, H. (1921) Some nondiaspine Coccidae from the Malay Peninsula, with descriptions of apparently new species. The Philippine Journal of Science, 18, 637 - 677." type="journal article" year="1921">Morrison, 1921: 659</bibRefCitation>
</taxonomicName>
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.
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</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBB16539FF97FFEBFF0CFE9DFC464493" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF97FFEAFF0CFE9DFEA54420" blockId="12.[151,1437,361,2006]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF97FFEAFF0CFE9DFD9D4794" bold="true" box="[151,570,361,386]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
Type material examined.
<typeStatus id="6C108810FF97FFEAFE56FE9DFD9D4794" box="[461,570,361,386]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
</emphasis>
: adult female,
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF97FFEAFD72FE9DFC3D4794" bold="true" box="[745,922,361,386]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF97FFEAFD72FE9DFC334794" box="[745,916,361,386]" name="Singapore" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">SINGAPORE</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
in hollow stems of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF97FFEAFB18FE9EFAA14797" box="[1155,1286,362,385]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF97FFEAFB18FE9EFAA14797" box="[1155,1286,362,385]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Macaranga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp., date not given, coll. I.H. Burkill, 1(1) (
<collectionCode id="D5BAAE77FF97FFEAFE6BFE7AFDE047B0" box="[496,583,398,422]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
).
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF97FFEAFDC0FE79FBE547B0" bold="true" box="[603,1090,397,422]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<typeStatus id="6C108810FF97FFEAFDC0FE79FD7F47B0" box="[603,728,397,422]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
: PENINSULAR
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF97FFEAFC38FE79FB9A47B0" box="[931,1085,397,422]" name="Malaysia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">MALAYSIA</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF97FFEAFBD0FE79FB0A47B0" box="[1099,1197,397,422]" name="Malaysia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Malacca</collectingCountry>
, Kendong, in hollow stems of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF97FFEAFF64FE46FE7047DC" box="[255,471,433,458]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="triloba">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF97FFEAFF64FE46FE7047DC" box="[255,471,433,458]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Macaranga triloba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[now correctly named
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF97FFEAFD79FE46FCCE47DC" box="[738,873,433,458]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bancana">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF97FFEAFD79FE46FCCE47DC" box="[738,873,433,458]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">M. bancana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
], date not given, coll. I.H. Burkill, 2(2) (
<collectionCode id="D5BAAE77FF97FFEAFADAFE45FA3047DF" box="[1345,1431,433,457]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
; only 1 of these
<typeStatus id="6C108810FF97FFEAFEDAFE22FE0B47F8" box="[321,428,470,494]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
seen); north of
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF97FFEAFDC0FE21FD1A47F8" box="[603,701,469,494]" name="Malaysia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Malacca</collectingCountry>
, foot of Tampin Hill, in hollow stems of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF97FFEAFB1AFE22FB5647F8" box="[1153,1265,469,494]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="triloba">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF97FFEAFB1AFE22FB5647F8" box="[1153,1265,469,494]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">M. triloba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[now correctly named
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF97FFEAFF72FE0EFEC94404" box="[233,366,505,530]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bancana">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF97FFEAFF72FE0EFEC94404" box="[233,366,505,530]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">M. bancana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
], date not given, coll. I.H. Burkill, 3(
<specimenCount id="A5ADFD3BFF97FFEAFC8EFE0DFCC74404" box="[789,864,505,530]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
female, 1 third-instar female, 1 first-instar nymph) (
<collectionCode id="D5BAAE77FF97FFEAFF04FDEAFF514420" box="[159,246,542,566]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF97FFEAFF5CFDB5FB904527" blockId="12.[151,1437,361,2006]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF97FFEAFF5CFDB5FB1E444C" bold="true" box="[199,1209,577,602]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
Examined non-type material from original collections. PENINSULAR
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF97FFEAFB82FDB5FB13444C" box="[1049,1204,577,602]" name="Malaysia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">MALAYSIA</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF97FFEAFB5BFDB5FA85444C" box="[1216,1314,577,602]" country="Malaysia" name="Melaka" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Malacca</collectingRegion>
, Kendong, in hollow stems of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF97FFEAFEF6FD92FE784468" box="[365,479,613,638]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="triloba">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF97FFEAFEF6FD92FE784468" box="[365,479,613,638]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">M. triloba</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[now correctly named
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF97FFEAFD7AFD92FCC04468" box="[737,871,613,638]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bancana">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF97FFEAFD7AFD92FCC04468" box="[737,871,613,638]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">M. bancana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
], date not given, coll. I.H. Burkill, 1440, 1(
<specimenCount id="A5ADFD3BFF97FFEAFAD6FD91FA3B4468" box="[1357,1436,613,638]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="adult">5 adult</specimenCount>
females + 1 third-instar female; also
<specimenCount id="A5ADFD3BFF97FFEAFDEEFD7EFD6A44B4" box="[629,717,649,674]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
female of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF97FFEAFCFCFD7EFC4944B7" box="[871,1006,650,673]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="secretus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF97FFEAFCFCFD7EFC4944B7" box="[871,1006,650,673]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C. secretus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
under same coverglass) (
<collectionCode id="D5BAAE77FF97FFEAFAADFD7EFA3744B4" box="[1334,1424,650,674]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">BMNH</collectionCode>
).
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF97FFEAFF0CFD59FEE144D0" bold="true" box="[151,326,685,710]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF97FFEAFF0CFD59FEE544D0" box="[151,322,685,710]" name="Singapore" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">SINGAPORE</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
Botanic Garden, in hollow stems of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF97FFEAFD74FD5AFCD544D3" box="[751,882,686,709]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF97FFEAFD74FD5AFCD544D3" box="[751,882,686,709]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Macaranga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, date not given, coll. I.H. Burkill, No. X-2, 1(4) (
<collectionCode id="D5BAAE77FF97FFEAFF04FD26FF5E44FC" box="[159,249,722,746]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">BMNH</collectionCode>
). These two collections have the same data as two of the
<typeStatus id="6C108810FF97FFEAFC09FD26FC6544FC" box="[914,962,722,746]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">type</typeStatus>
collections listed above, but are not
<typeStatus id="6C108810FF97FFEAFAF7FD26FA3B44FC" box="[1388,1436,722,746]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">type</typeStatus>
material as explained in the Materials and Methods.
<bibRefCitation id="D73A4B43FF97FFEAFD7BFD01FC3E4518" author="Morrison, H." box="[736,921,757,782]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="637 - 677" refId="ref46837" refString="Morrison, H. (1921) Some nondiaspine Coccidae from the Malay Peninsula, with descriptions of apparently new species. The Philippine Journal of Science, 18, 637 - 677." type="journal article" year="1921">Morrison (1921)</bibRefCitation>
acknowledges E.E. Green (of the
<collectionCode id="D5BAAE77FF97FFEAFA83FD02FAC94518" box="[1304,1390,758,782]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">BMNH</collectionCode>
) for sending him the material upon which he based the description of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF97FFEAFCEAFCEEFB964524" box="[881,1073,793,818]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caviramicolus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF97FFEAFCEAFCEEFB964524" box="[881,1073,793,818]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">C. caviramicolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF97FFEAFF5CFCC9FA294364" blockId="12.[151,1437,361,2006]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF97FFEAFF5CFCC9FD174540" bold="true" box="[199,688,829,854]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
Other material examined.
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF97FFEAFD93FCC9FD0C4540" box="[520,683,829,854]" name="Indonesia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">INDONESIA</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF97FFEAFD23FCC9FCEF4540" box="[696,840,829,854]" country="Indonesia" name="Kepulauan Riau" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Riau Islands</collectingRegion>
, Bintan Island, lowland, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF97FFEAFB11FCCAFA964540" box="[1162,1329,829,854]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="griffithiana">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF97FFEAFB11FCCAFA964540" box="[1162,1329,829,854]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">M. griffithiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7151072FF97FFEAFADBFCC9FF75456C" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1999-08-26">26 Aug. 1999</date>
, coll. S.-P. Quek, SPQ.012, DNA voucher 1(1).
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF97FFEAFD69FC95FBE8456C" bold="true" box="[754,1103,865,890]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
PENINSULAR
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF97FFEAFC34FC95FBEE456C" box="[943,1097,865,890]" name="Malaysia" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">MALAYSIA</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF97FFEAFBCDFC95FB31456C" box="[1110,1174,865,890]" country="Malaysia" name="Johor" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Johor</collectingRegion>
, Mawai camp, ~
<geoCoordinate id="D69F5075FF97FFEAFACAFC96FF09458B" degrees="1.871" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="55" value="1.871">1.871° N</geoCoordinate>
, ~
<geoCoordinate id="D69F5075FF97FFEAFF51FC71FEE8458B" box="[202,335,901,926]" degrees="103.954" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" precision="55" value="103.954">103.954° E</geoCoordinate>
, &lt;
<quantity id="74539B57FF97FFEAFEF6FC72FE1E458B" box="[365,441,902,926]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF97FFEAFE77FC72FDD24588" box="[492,629,901,926]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bancana">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF97FFEAFE77FC72FDD24588" box="[492,629,901,926]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">M. bancana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF97FFEAFD1DFC72FC864588" box="[646,801,901,926]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hypoleuca">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF97FFEAFD1DFC72FC864588" box="[646,801,901,926]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">M. hypoleuca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
&amp;
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF97FFEAFCD0FC72FC534588" box="[843,1012,901,926]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="griffithiana">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF97FFEAFCD0FC72FCC5458B" box="[843,866,902,925]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">M</emphasis>
.
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF97FFEAFCEFFC71FC534588" box="[884,1012,901,926]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">griffithiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, 5 &amp;
<date id="C7151072FF97FFEAFBA7FC72FB764588" box="[1084,1233,902,926]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1999-09-07">7 Sept. 1999</date>
, coll. S.-P. Quek, SPQ.020, SPQ.021, SPQ.034 &amp; SPQ.036, DNA vouchers 4(4);
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF97FFEAFCF7FC5DFC0B45D4" box="[876,940,937,962]" country="Malaysia" name="Johor" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Johor</collectingRegion>
,
<quantity id="74539B57FF97FFEAFC23FC5EFBAA45D4" box="[952,1037,937,962]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.19" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="km" value="119.0">119 km</quantity>
to
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF97FFEAFBA8FC5DFBD645D4" box="[1075,1137,937,962]" country="Malaysia" name="Johor" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Johor</collectingRegion>
Baru from Mersing, &lt;
<quantity id="74539B57FF97FFEAFAE9FC5EFF0845F3" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF97FFEAFF45FC3AFE2445F0" box="[222,387,973,998]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="griffithiana">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF97FFEAFF45FC3AFE2445F0" box="[222,387,973,998]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">M. griffithiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7151072FF97FFEAFE08FC39FD9445F0" box="[403,563,973,998]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1999-09-16">16 Sept. 1999</date>
, coll. S.-P. Quek, SPQ.069, DNA voucher 1(1);
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF97FFEAFBC3FC39FB3F45F0" box="[1112,1176,973,998]" country="Malaysia" name="Johor" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Johor</collectingRegion>
, Sedili, &lt;
<quantity id="74539B57FF97FFEAFA9FFC3AFAE945F3" box="[1284,1358,974,998]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF97FFEAFAE6FC3AFF49421C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hullettii">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF97FFEAFAE6FC3AFF49421C" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">M. hullettii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
&amp;
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF97FFEAFE87FC06FE61421C" box="[284,454,1009,1034]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="griffithiana">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF97FFEAFE87FC06FE61421C" box="[284,454,1009,1034]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">M. griffithiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7151072FF97FFEAFE42FC05FDC9421C" box="[473,622,1009,1034]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1999-12-05">5 Dec. 1999</date>
, coll. S.-P. Quek, SPQ.175 &amp; SPQ.178, DNA vouchers 2(3);
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF97FFEAFACBFC05FEA34238" country="Malaysia" name="Negeri Sembilan" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Negeri Sembilan</collectingRegion>
, Felda Pasoh, &lt;
<quantity id="74539B57FF97FFEAFE26FBE2FDAE423B" box="[445,521,1046,1070]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF97FFEAFDA7FBE2FD434238" box="[572,740,1045,1070]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="griffithiana">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF97FFEAFDA7FBE2FD434238" box="[572,740,1045,1070]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">M. griffithiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
&amp;
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF97FFEAFC97FBE2FC0F4238" box="[780,936,1045,1070]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hypoleuca">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF97FFEAFC97FBE2FC0F4238" box="[780,936,1045,1070]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">M. hypoleuca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7151072FF97FFEAFC22FBE2FBFB4238" box="[953,1116,1046,1070]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1999-09-18">18 Sept. 1999</date>
, coll. S.-P. Quek, SPQ.072: DNA voucher 1(1) &amp; SPQ.075a: DNA vouchers 3(
<specimenCount id="A5ADFD3BFF97FFEAFD4AFBCEFCB94244" box="[721,798,1081,1106]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="adult">2 adult</specimenCount>
females &amp; 2 first-instar nymphs);
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF97FFEAFB04FBCDFB534244" box="[1183,1268,1081,1106]" country="Malaysia" name="Pahang" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Pahang</collectingRegion>
, near Kuantan, Teluk Chempedak, lowland, ex
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF97FFEAFD9CFBAAFD0D4260" box="[519,682,1117,1142]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF97FFEAFD9CFBAAFD014260" box="[519,678,1117,1142]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hypoleuca">M. hypoleuca</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<date id="C7151072FF97FFEAFD2FFBAAFCF04260" box="[692,855,1118,1142]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1999-09-14">14 Sept. 1999</date>
, coll. S.-P. Quek, SPQ.052-1 &amp; SPQ.052-2, DNA vouchers 2(2);
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF97FFEAFEDAFB75FE31428C" box="[321,406,1153,1178]" country="Malaysia" name="Pahang" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Pahang</collectingRegion>
, near Kuantan, road to Prancing Falls, &lt;
<quantity id="74539B57FF97FFEAFCC7FB76FC02428F" box="[860,933,1154,1178]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
, ex
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF97FFEAFC48FB76FBD8428C" box="[979,1151,1153,1178]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF97FFEAFC48FB76FBDB428C" box="[979,1148,1153,1178]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="griffithiana">M. griffithiana</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<date id="C7151072FF97FFEAFB1DFB75FA82428C" box="[1158,1317,1153,1178]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1999-09-15">15 Sept. 1999</date>
, coll. S.-P. Quek, SPQ.053 &amp; SPQ.056, DNA vouchers 2(2);
<quantity id="74539B57FF97FFEAFD6DFB51FC9142A8" box="[758,822,1189,1214]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="km" value="6.0">6 km</quantity>
Rawang, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF97FFEAFC40FB52FAB342A8" authority=", Feb. 1993" authorityName="Feb." authorityYear="1993" box="[987,1300,1189,1214]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="griffithiana">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF97FFEAFC40FB52FB2142A8" box="[987,1158,1189,1214]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">M. griffithiana</emphasis>
, Feb. 1993
</taxonomicName>
, coll. H.-P. Heckroth, #206 1(1);
<quantity id="74539B57FF97FFEAFE11FB3EFE6442F4" box="[394,451,1225,1250]" metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="km" value="8.0">8 km</quantity>
Rawang, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF97FFEAFDCDFB3EFCDE42F4" authority=", Feb. 1993" authorityName="Feb." authorityYear="1993" box="[598,889,1225,1250]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="griffithiana">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF97FFEAFDCDFB3EFD5C42F4" box="[598,763,1225,1250]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">M. griffithiana</emphasis>
, Feb. 1993
</taxonomicName>
and
<date id="C7151072FF97FFEAFC2BFB3EFB8142F4" box="[944,1062,1226,1250]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1993-03">Mar. 1993</date>
, coll. H.-P. Heckroth, #184: 3(3), #185: 4(
<specimenCount id="A5ADFD3BFF97FFEAFF60FB1AFEEB4310" box="[251,332,1261,1286]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="adult">3 adult</specimenCount>
females + 4 first-instar nymphs) &amp; #190: 3(3);
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF97FFEAFC08FB1AFBBD4310" box="[915,1050,1262,1286]" country="Malaysia" name="Terengganu" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Terengganu</collectingRegion>
, Bauk Hill, &lt;
<quantity id="74539B57FF97FFEAFB24FB1AFAE14313" box="[1215,1350,1262,1286]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="150.0" valueMax="200.0" valueMin="100.0">100–200 m</quantity>
, ex
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF97FFEAFAE6FB1AFEB9433C" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF97FFEAFAE6FB1AFEBD433C" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="griffithiana">M. griffithiana</taxonomicName>
,
</emphasis>
<date id="C7151072FF97FFEAFEB3FAE6FE6B433C" box="[296,460,1298,1322]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1999-09-12">12 Sept. 1999</date>
, coll. S.-P. Quek, SPQ.044 &amp; SPQ.045, DNA vouchers 2(2).
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF97FFEAFB07FAE5FAEB433C" bold="true" box="[1180,1356,1297,1322]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF97FFEAFB07FAE5FAE0433C" box="[1180,1351,1297,1322]" name="Singapore" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">SINGAPORE</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
Upper Peirce Reservoir, &lt;
<quantity id="74539B57FF97FFEAFEEFFAC2FE67435B" box="[372,448,1334,1358]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF97FFEAFE6FFAC2FD3B4358" box="[500,668,1333,1358]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="griffithiana">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF97FFEAFE6FFAC2FD3B4358" box="[500,668,1333,1358]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">M. griffithiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7151072FF97FFEAFD36FAC2FC9D4358" box="[685,826,1334,1358]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1999-10-04">4 Oct. 1999</date>
, coll. S.-P. Quek, SPQ.092, DNA voucher 1(1); Old Upper Thompson Road, &lt;
<quantity id="74539B57FF97FFEAFE20FAAEFDA24367" box="[443,517,1370,1394]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF97FFEAFDA9FAAEFD714364" box="[562,726,1369,1394]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="griffithiana">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF97FFEAFDA9FAAEFD714364" box="[562,726,1369,1394]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">M. griffithiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7151072FF97FFEAFD7FFAAEFCDE4364" box="[740,889,1370,1394]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" value="1999-10-10">10 Oct. 1999</date>
, coll. S.-P. Quek, SPQ.095, DNA voucher 1(1).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF97FFEAFF5CFA89FB4D43AC" blockId="12.[151,1437,361,2006]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF97FFEAFF5CFA89FDD54380" bold="true" box="[199,626,1405,1430]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Adult female. Unmounted material.</emphasis>
“Flat, broad oval, approaching circular, dull brown, central area darker, dull or faintly shining, without or with a very slight secretionary coating; ..” (
<bibRefCitation id="D73A4B43FF97FFEAFC6CFA55FB7A43AC" author="Morrison, H." box="[1015,1245,1441,1466]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="637 - 677" refId="ref46837" refString="Morrison, H. (1921) Some nondiaspine Coccidae from the Malay Peninsula, with descriptions of apparently new species. The Philippine Journal of Science, 18, 637 - 677." type="journal article" year="1921">Morrison 1921: 659</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF97FFEAFF5CFA31FD734014" blockId="12.[151,1437,361,2006]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF97FFEAFF5CFA31FDB343C8" bold="true" box="[199,532,1477,1502]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Slide-mounted adult female</emphasis>
(n=13, including
<typeStatus id="6C108810FF97FFEAFD7FFA31FCE143C8" box="[740,838,1477,1502]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and
<specimenCount id="A5ADFD3BFF97FFEAFC1AFA32FC7743C8" box="[897,976,1477,1502]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="adult">2 adult</specimenCount>
female
<typeStatus id="6C108810FF97FFEAFBB5FA32FB3A43C8" box="[1070,1181,1478,1502]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
;
<figureCitation id="2B902A37FF97FFEAFB31FA31FB4843C8" box="[1194,1263,1477,1502]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1891,1913]" captionTargetBox="[208,1394,218,1851]" captionTargetId="figure@15.[180,1416,193,1877]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 3. Adult female of Coccus caviramicolus Morrison. Abbreviations for enlargements: ar—anal ring, only right half illustrated (this ring lies medially under the anal plates and thus is not visible on the main illustration); anplt—anal plates; dddorsal derm; dmic—dorsal microduct; dset—dorsal seta; mset—marginal setae; pop—preopercular pores; pgp—pregenital disc-pores; sp—simple pore; spp—spiracular pores; stgset—stigmatic setae; vmic—ventral microduct; vset—ventral setae; vtd—ventral tubular duct." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3770247" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3770247/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
). Body oval to elongate oval,
<quantity id="74539B57FF97FFEAFEA0FA1EFE654017" box="[315,450,1514,1538]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" metricValueMax="3.4" metricValueMin="1.8" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="2.6" valueMax="3.4" valueMin="1.8">1.8–3.4 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="74539B57FF97FFEAFD93FA1EFD284017" box="[520,655,1514,1538]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0999999999999996" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="2.0999999999999996" valueMax="2.8" valueMin="1.4">1.4–2.8 mm</quantity>
wide.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF97FFEAFF5CF9FAFAE54198" blockId="12.[151,1437,361,2006]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF97FFEAFF5CF9FAFE8E4033" box="[199,297,1550,1573]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Dorsum.</emphasis>
Derm (dd) with distinct round-to-oval areolations, with clear area of each areolation usually
<quantity id="74539B57FF97FFEAFACDF9F9FF1A405C" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="17.5" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="10.0">10–25 µm</quantity>
in widest dimension and areolations largest towards margin, but rarely with any obvious sclerotised submarginal lines radiating inwards at right angles to margin. Dorsal setae (dset) very short, each about
<quantity id="74539B57FF97FFEAFAB2F9A2FAC44078" box="[1321,1379,1622,1646]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 µm</quantity>
long with rounded apex, scattered on dorsum. Simple pores (sp) each
<quantity id="74539B57FF97FFEAFC3AF98EFC5B4084" box="[929,1020,1658,1682]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 µm</quantity>
wide, scattered evenly on dorsum. Preopercular pores (pop) each typically
<quantity id="74539B57FF97FFEAFDCFF969FD0D40A0" box="[596,682,1693,1718]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="5.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="4.0">4–6 µm</quantity>
wide, scarce, present in a small group of 4–8 anterior to anal plates. Dorsal microducts (dmic) in areolations each 2.0–
<quantity id="74539B57FF97FFEAFD5DF935FCB340CC" box="[710,788,1729,1754]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 µm</quantity>
wide, appearing bilocular under high magnification. Anal plates (anplt) each triangular with anterolateral margin usually much longer than posterolateral margin, width of each plate about half length, inner lobes well developed, with a tessellated texture, each plate
<quantity id="74539B57FF97FFEAFB50F8FDFAFC4134" box="[1227,1371,1801,1826]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.075" metricValueMax="2.25" metricValueMin="1.9" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="207.5" valueMax="225.0" valueMin="190.0">190–225 µm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="74539B57FF97FFEAFF0CF8D9FEB04150" box="[151,279,1837,1862]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.25" metricValueMax="11.0" metricValueMin="7.5" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="92.5" valueMax="110.0" valueMin="75.0">75–110 µm</quantity>
wide, anterolateral margin
<quantity id="74539B57FF97FFEAFDC9F8DAFD464150" box="[594,737,1838,1862]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.65" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.3" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="165.0" valueMax="200.0" valueMin="130.0">130–200 µm</quantity>
long, posterolateral margin
<quantity id="74539B57FF97FFEAFBBFF8D9FB024150" box="[1060,1189,1837,1862]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.025" metricValueMax="1.2" metricValueMin="0.85" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="102.5" valueMax="120.0" valueMin="85.0">85–120 µm</quantity>
long; each plate with 16–26 dorsal setae (anpltset), each seta usually short, straight and robust, 5–15 (mostly &lt;12) µm long, and setae usually confined to posterior half of each plate. Anal ring (ar) bearing 10 setae, each seta
<quantity id="74539B57FF97FFEAFB1BF881FAA64198" box="[1152,1281,1909,1934]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="80.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="60.0">60–100 µm</quantity>
long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF97FFEBFF5CF86EFC9646EE" blockId="12.[151,1437,361,2006]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1437,151,1112]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF97FFEAFF5CF86EFEBD41A7" box="[199,282,1946,1969]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Margin</emphasis>
. Eyespots situated slightly removed from dorsal margin, mostly not detected. Marginal setae (mset) in 1 row, most setae fimbriate at apices, each 10–43 (mostly about 25) µm long; with 15–28 (rarely &lt;20) setae between anterior and posterior stigmatic areas on each side of body. Stigmatic setae (stgset) well developed, spinose and tapering to pointed or rounded apices, numbering 3 (rarely 4) per cleft, median setae usually longest, typically
<quantity id="74539B57FF96FFEBFE9BFF14FED546EE" box="[256,370,224,248]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.3" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="25.0" valueMax="33.0" valueMin="17.0">17–33 µm</quantity>
long, lateral setae each
<quantity id="74539B57FF96FFEBFDE4FF14FD5646EE" box="[639,753,224,248]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.95" metricValueMax="2.9" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="19.5" valueMax="29.0" valueMin="10.0">10–29 µm</quantity>
long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF96FFEBFF5CFEF1FC464493" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1112]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF96FFEBFF5CFEF1FEB7470A" box="[199,272,261,284]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Venter.</emphasis>
Derm membranous. Ventral setae (vset) slender, longest on posterior abdominal segments, each
<quantity id="74539B57FF96FFEBFACDFEF0FF1B4756" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.35" metricValueMax="9.0" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="53.5" valueMax="90.0" valueMin="17.0">17–90 µm</quantity>
long, elsewhere shorter, each
<quantity id="74539B57FF96FFEBFD97FEDCFDD74756" box="[524,624,296,320]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.45" metricValueMax="2.2" metricValueMin="0.7" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="14.5" valueMax="22.0" valueMin="7.0">7–22 µm</quantity>
long. Interantennal setae in 2 pairs. Ventral tubular ducts (vtd) present in a broad submarginal band; each duct with outer ductule
<quantity id="74539B57FF96FFEBFC86FEB8FC354773" box="[797,914,332,357]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="17.5" valueMax="20.0" valueMin="15.0">15–20 µm</quantity>
long, inner ductule
<quantity id="74539B57FF96FFEBFBE0FEB8FB574773" box="[1147,1264,332,357]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="19.0" valueMax="23.0" valueMin="15.0">15–23 µm</quantity>
long, and duct opening about
<quantity id="74539B57FF96FFEBFEDFFE84FE25479E" box="[324,386,368,392]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 µm</quantity>
wide. Ventral microducts (vmic) each about
<quantity id="74539B57FF96FFEBFC0AFE84FC69479E" box="[913,974,368,392]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 µm</quantity>
wide, scattered fairly evenly on venter. Pregenital disc-pores (pgp) each with 6–8 (mostly 6–7) loculi, each pore
<quantity id="74539B57FF96FFEBFC44FE60FB9047BB" box="[991,1079,404,429]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="6.0">6–7 µm</quantity>
wide. Antennae (ant) mostly 7 segmented (rarely 5 or 8 segmented), each
<quantity id="74539B57FF96FFEBFD0FFE43FC8247C6" box="[660,805,439,464]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.625" metricValueMax="2.9" metricValueMin="2.35" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="262.5" valueMax="290.0" valueMin="235.0">235–290 µm</quantity>
long; fleshy setae present on last 3 segments when 7 segmented, and on last 2 segments when 6 segmented. Clypeolabral shield
<quantity id="74539B57FF96FFEBFC75FE28FBD947E3" box="[1006,1150,476,501]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.43" metricValueMax="2.68" metricValueMin="2.18" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="243.0" valueMax="268.0" valueMin="218.0">218–268 µm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="74539B57FF96FFEBFB5CFE28FAF147E3" box="[1223,1366,476,501]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.105" metricValueMax="2.38" metricValueMin="1.83" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="210.5" valueMax="238.0" valueMin="183.0">183–238 µm</quantity>
wide; labium
<quantity id="74539B57FF96FFEBFF75FE0BFED5440E" box="[238,370,511,536]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.65" metricValueMax="10.8" metricValueMin="8.5" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="96.5" valueMax="108.0" valueMin="85.0">85–108 µm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="74539B57FF96FFEBFE25FE0BFDE8440E" box="[446,591,511,536]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.34" metricValueMax="1.53" metricValueMin="1.15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="134.0" valueMax="153.0" valueMin="115.0">115–153 µm</quantity>
wide. Legs with hind trochanter + femur
<quantity id="74539B57FF96FFEBFBA3FE0BFB6E440E" box="[1080,1225,511,536]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="1.9" metricValueMin="1.6" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="175.0" valueMax="190.0" valueMin="160.0">160–190 µm</quantity>
long; hind tibia + tarsus
<quantity id="74539B57FF96FFEBFF7BFDD0FEC8442B" box="[224,367,548,573]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7899999999999998" metricValueMax="1.93" metricValueMin="1.65" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="179.0" valueMax="193.0" valueMin="165.0">165–193 µm</quantity>
long; all tarsal digitules each
<quantity id="74539B57FF96FFEBFD5DFDD0FC9D442B" box="[710,826,548,573]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.9" metricValueMax="4.3" metricValueMin="3.5" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="39.0" valueMax="43.0" valueMin="35.0">35–43 µm</quantity>
long; claw digitules each
<quantity id="74539B57FF96FFEBFBFFFDD0FB7F442B" box="[1124,1240,548,573]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="25.0" valueMax="28.0" valueMin="22.0">22–28 µm</quantity>
long, claws each
<quantity id="74539B57FF96FFEBFF0CFDB3FEAC4476" box="[151,267,583,608]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" metricValueMax="2.6" metricValueMin="2.2" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="24.0" valueMax="26.0" valueMin="22.0">22–26 µm</quantity>
long. Spiracles normal: anterior peritremes each
<quantity id="74539B57FF96FFEBFCA4FDB3FC144476" box="[831,947,583,608]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.8" metricValueMax="6.8" metricValueMin="4.8" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="58.0" valueMax="68.0" valueMin="48.0">48–68 µm</quantity>
wide; posterior peritremes each
<quantity id="74539B57FF96FFEBFAB2FDB3FA3B4476" box="[1321,1436,583,608]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.25" metricValueMax="7.5" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="62.5" valueMax="75.0" valueMin="50.0">50–75 µm</quantity>
wide. Spiracular pores (spp) each
<quantity id="74539B57FF96FFEBFD8FFD98FDCD4493" box="[532,618,620,645]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="5.0" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="4.0">4–6 µm</quantity>
wide, with 3–7 (mostly 5) loculi.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBB16539FF96FFEBFF5CFD7BFB67424E" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF96FFEBFF5CFD7BFDBF45B3" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1112]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF96FFEBFF5CFD7BFEE844BE" bold="true" box="[199,335,655,680]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Comments.</emphasis>
Adult females
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF96FFEBFE64FD64FD7944BE" box="[511,734,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF96FFEBFD86FD64FD7944BE" box="[541,734,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caviramicolus">C. caviramicolus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
can be distinguished from all other species of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF96FFEBFB6EFD64FAEF44B1" box="[1269,1352,656,679]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF96FFEBFB6EFD64FAEF44B1" box="[1269,1352,656,679]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Coccus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
known from
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF96FFEBFF4DFD41FEFE44DA" box="[214,345,693,716]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF96FFEBFF4DFD41FEFE44DA" box="[214,345,693,716]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Macaranga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having the combination of (i) extremely short dorsal setae (appearing absent); (ii) marginal setae ≤
<quantity id="74539B57FF96FFEBFF70FD2CFE9F44E6" box="[235,312,728,752]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 µm</quantity>
long and each with a fimbriate apex; (iii) anal plates together pyriform in shape; and (iv) the numerous (≥15), very short (
<quantity id="74539B57FF96FFEBFE76FD08FDEC4502" box="[493,587,764,789]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="5.0">5–8 µm</quantity>
) setae on each plate. They are most similar to the adult females of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF96FFEBFA19FD09FEC1452E" authorityName="Gullan &amp; Kondo" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudotumuliferus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF96FFEBFA19FD09FEC1452E" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">C. pseudotumuliferus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF96FFEBFEEFFCD4FE56452E" box="[372,497,800,824]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="secretus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF96FFEBFEEFFCD4FE56452E" box="[372,497,800,824]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">C. secretus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF96FFEBFDB3FCD4FD6D452E" authorityName="Morrison. All" authorityYear="1921" box="[552,714,799,824]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tumuliferus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF96FFEBFDB3FCD4FD6D452E" box="[552,714,799,824]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">C. tumuliferus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having very short dorsal setae of length mostly less than two times width of setal socket, but differ in that their marginal setae are apically fimbriate (mostly tapering to a point in the other three species) and their anal plates together are pyriform (anal plates together are quadrate to subcircular in other three species).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FF96FFEBFF5CFC44FB67424E" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,1112]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF96FFEBFF5CFC44FE6645DE" box="[199,449,943,968]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caviramicolus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF96FFEBFF5CFC44FE6645DE" box="[199,449,943,968]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Coccus caviramicolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
has been recorded only from
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF96FFEBFC8CFC5BFC2C45DE" box="[791,907,943,968]" name="Singapore" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Singapore</collectingCountry>
, Peninsular
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF96FFEBFB8CFC5BFBDA45DE" box="[1047,1149,943,968]" name="Malaysia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
and herein also from the
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FF96FFEBFF0CFC20FE8645FB" box="[151,289,980,1005]" country="Indonesia" name="Kepulauan Riau" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Riau Islands</collectingRegion>
of
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF96FFEBFEDDFC20FE1045FB" box="[326,439,980,1005]" name="Indonesia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
. Our records for
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF96FFEBFDE8FC21FC9545FB" box="[627,818,980,1005]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caviramicolus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF96FFEBFDE8FC21FC9545FB" box="[627,818,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">C. caviramicolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are mostly from
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF96FFEBFC69FC21FB3045FB" box="[1010,1175,980,1005]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="griffithiana">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF96FFEBFC69FC21FB3045FB" box="[1010,1175,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">M. griffithiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<bibRefCitation id="D73A4B43FF96FFEBFB3FFC20FA3B45FA" author="Heckroth, H. - P. &amp; Fiala, B. &amp; Gullan, P. J. &amp; Idris, A. H. &amp; Maschwitz, U." box="[1188,1436,980,1005]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="427 - 443" refId="ref45661" refString="Heckroth, H. - P., Fiala, B., Gullan, P. J., Idris, A. H. &amp; Maschwitz, U. (1998) The soft scale (Coccidae) associates of Malaysian ant-plants. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 14, 427 - 443. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0266467498000327" type="journal article" year="1998">
Heckroth
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF96FFEBFA88FC21FAE345FB" box="[1299,1348,980,1005]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">et al</emphasis>
. (1998)
</bibRefCitation>
recorded this species almost exclusively from secondary forest in Peninsular
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FF96FFEBFB89FC03FBDE4206" box="[1042,1145,1015,1040]" name="Malaysia" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
and from five species of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF96FFEBFF0CFBE9FEBD4222" box="[151,282,1053,1076]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF96FFEBFF0CFBE9FEBD4222" box="[151,282,1053,1076]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Macaranga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, although most commonly on
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF96FFEBFDF4FBE9FCB24223" box="[623,789,1052,1077]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="griffithiana">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF96FFEBFDF4FBE9FCB24223" box="[623,789,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">M. griffithiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(identified then as
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF96FFEBFC77FBE9FB204223" box="[1004,1159,1052,1077]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="motleyana">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF96FFEBFC77FBE9FB204223" box="[1004,1159,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">M. motleyana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
subspecies
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF96FFEBFA97FBE8FA2B4223" box="[1292,1420,1052,1077]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="griffithiana">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF96FFEBFA97FBE8FA2B4223" box="[1292,1420,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">griffithiana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
). The host plants of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF96FFEBFEFCFBB4FD81424E" box="[359,550,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caviramicolus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF96FFEBFEFCFBB4FD81424E" box="[359,550,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">C. caviramicolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are from both section
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<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF96FFEBFCB8FBCBFC1F424E" box="[803,952,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Pachystemon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and section
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF96FFEBFBDEFBB5FB67424E" box="[1093,1216,1089,1112]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Pruinosae.</emphasis>
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185
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Linnaeus
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<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF9CFFE1FF0CF98AFE1D4085" authority="Linnaeus, 1758: 455" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityPageNumber="455" authorityYear="1758" box="[151,442,1661,1683]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF9CFFE1FF0CF98AFF454085" box="[151,226,1662,1683]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Coccus</emphasis>
Linnaeus, 1758: 455
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.
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species:
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<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF9CFFE1FDC8F98AFCBD4085" box="[595,794,1661,1683]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Coccus hesperidum</emphasis>
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L.
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<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF9CFFE1FF0CF969FF5C40A4" box="[151,251,1693,1714]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Lecanium</emphasis>
Burmeister, 1835: 69
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. Unavailable name.
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<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF9CFFE1FF0CF94FFDD040C6" authority="Tao, Wong &amp; Chang, 1983: 77" authorityName="Tao, Wong &amp; Chang" authorityPageNumber="77" authorityYear="1983" box="[151,631,1722,1744]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Taiwansaissetia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF9CFFE1FF0CF94FFE9F40C6" box="[151,312,1723,1744]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Taiwansaissetia</emphasis>
Tao, Wong &amp; Chang, 1983: 77
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; synonymy by
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Lin
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. 2013: 259
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A full synonymy for
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<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF9CFFE1FE18F90AFE724103" box="[387,469,1790,1813]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Coccus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is available from ScaleNet (
<bibRefCitation id="D73A4B43FF9CFFE1FC88F90AFBE14100" author="Garcia Morales, M. &amp; Denno, B. &amp; Miller, D. R. &amp; Miller, G. L. &amp; Ben-Dov, Y. &amp; Hardy, N. B." box="[787,1094,1789,1814]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" refId="ref45270" refString="Garcia Morales, M., Denno, B., Miller, D. R., Miller, G. L., Ben-Dov, Y. &amp; Hardy, N. B. (2017) ScaleNet: a literature-based model of scale insect biology and systematics. Available from: https: // scalenet. info (accessed 10 June 2017)" type="url" year="2017">
García Morales
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF9CFFE1FC51F90AFC5D4100" box="[970,1018,1789,1814]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">et al</emphasis>
. 2017
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
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<paragraph id="B31436B2FF9CFFEEFF5CF8D5FB7046C3" blockId="7.[151,1436,1789,2030]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1436,151,213]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
Adult females of all
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF9CFFE1FE2FF8D6FDA0412F" box="[436,519,1826,1849]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF9CFFE1FE2FF8D6FDA0412F" box="[436,519,1826,1849]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Coccus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
species from
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<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF9CFFE1FD32F8D6FC8B412F" box="[681,812,1826,1849]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Macaranga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
share the features of areolations on the dorsal derm, a cluster of preopercular pores anterior to the anal plates, a broad submarginal band of a ventral tubular ducts, and pregenital disc-pores confined to the area lateral to the vulva. Prior to molecular phylogenetic studies, we considered erecting a new genus for these
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF9CFFE1FD16F87AFCB741B3" box="[653,784,1934,1957]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF9CFFE1FD16F87AFCB741B3" box="[653,784,1934,1957]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Macaranga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
-associated coccids but, as discussed in the Introduction above, their close genetic relationship to
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF9CFFE1FDF7F846FCB641DC" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" box="[620,785,1969,1994]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="hesperidum">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF9CFFE1FDF7F846FCB641DC" box="[620,785,1969,1994]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. hesperidum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(the
<typeStatus id="6C108810FF9CFFE1FCD5F846FCD941DC" box="[846,894,1970,1994]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">type</typeStatus>
species of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF9CFFE1FB9BF846FBF541DF" box="[1024,1106,1970,1993]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF9CFFE1FB9BF846FBF541DF" box="[1024,1106,1970,1993]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Coccus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) made this action untenable, despite the morphological distinctness of the
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FF9CFFE1FD07F822FCB841FB" box="[668,799,2006,2029]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF9CFFE1FD07F822FCB841FB" box="[668,799,2006,2029]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Macaranga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
coccid species from
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<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF9CFFE1FB8AF822FB1041F8" box="[1041,1207,2005,2030]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">C. hesperidum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. For example, adult females of
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<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF93FFEEFE84FF6CFE6E46A6" box="[287,457,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">C. hesperidum</emphasis>
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lack ventral tubular ducts in the submarginal area of the body (prominent in the
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<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF93FFEEFF0CFF49FEBD46C2" box="[151,282,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Macaranga</emphasis>
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coccids) and possess dorsal tubercles (lacking in the
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<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FF93FFEEFCF4FF49FC5546C2" box="[879,1010,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Macaranga</emphasis>
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-associated species).
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<mods:title id="D784D9E9CCF37337ED477D9AA9258217">Taxonomy of coccids (Hemiptera: Coccidae: Coccus L.) associated with Crematogaster ants (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the stems of Macaranga plants (Euphorbiaceae) in Southeast Asia</mods:title>
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<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB1FFCCFF0CFD7BFE2344BF" bold="true" box="[151,388,655,681]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Coccus tumuliferus</emphasis>
Morrison
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(
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,
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<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB1FFCCFF0CFCEBFEFC4522" box="[151,347,798,820]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Coccus tumuliferus</emphasis>
<bibRefCitation id="D73A4B43FFB1FFCCFEFAFCEAFD924522" author="Morrison, H." box="[353,565,798,820]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="637 - 677" refId="ref46837" refString="Morrison, H. (1921) Some nondiaspine Coccidae from the Malay Peninsula, with descriptions of apparently new species. The Philippine Journal of Science, 18, 637 - 677." type="journal article" year="1921">Morrison, 1921: 655</bibRefCitation>
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<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB1FFCCFF0CFCCAFEE24545" box="[151,325,829,851]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Coccus tumulifer</emphasis>
Lindinger, 1932f: 197
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. Unjustified emendation; discovered by
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<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB1FFCCFF0CFC8BFE19458E" bold="true" box="[151,446,895,920]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Type material examined.</emphasis>
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adult female,
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:
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on
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[sic, see below],
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letter dated
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, coll.
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clearly marked and
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<typeStatus id="6C108810FFB1FFCCFF0CFC33FEB445F6" box="[151,275,967,992]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
:
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same data as holotype but two slides specify &quot;in hollow stems of
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&quot;, 4(
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females, including 1 on slide with
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, + 2 slides with a number of first-instar nymphs) (
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; the 1 slide with
<specimenCount id="A5ADFD3BFFB1FFCCFA15FC18FEFC423E" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="female" typeStatus="paratype">3 paratype females</specimenCount>
not seen). Morrison's original description refers to five adult females and several mounted &quot;larvae&quot;, and this accords with the slides listed above, all of which have Morrison type labels on both the slides and their envelopes. However there is another USNM slide of this species which appears to have been prepared and labelled by Green from original Burkill material as its label starts: &quot;Ctenochiton / tumuliferum / Green, ms. / Part of type / material.)&quot; (details listed immediately below), but these specimens are not mentioned by Morrison in the original description of this species
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FFB1FFCCFF5CFB13FE3943CE" blockId="42.[151,1437,895,2037]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB1FFCCFF5CFB13FEE74316" bold="true" box="[199,320,1255,1280]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Examined</emphasis>
<materialsCitation id="03C33CEFFFB1FFCCFED6FB13FE4843A3" ID-GBIF-Occurrence="2608963734" collectionCode="USNM, BMNH" collectorName="I. H. Burkill &amp; The" country="Singapore" location="SINGAPORE" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" specimenCount="31" specimenCount-adult="31">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB1FFCCFED6FB13FBB94316" bold="true" box="[333,1054,1255,1280]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
non-type material from original collection.
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FFB1FFCCFCF5FB13FBBE4316" box="[878,1049,1255,1280]" name="Singapore" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">SINGAPORE</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
in hollow stems of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB1FFCCFA82FB1DFEA34333" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hypotema">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB1FFCCFA82FB1DFEA34333" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Macaranga hypotema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
[sic], coll.
<collectorName id="1E5E5364FFB1FFCCFE1CFAF9FDAA4333" box="[391,525,1292,1317]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">I.H. Burkill</collectorName>
, 1(
<specimenCount id="A5ADFD3BFFB1FFCCFDB5FAF8FDD84333" box="[558,639,1292,1317]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="adult">2 adult</specimenCount>
females + 1 third-instar female) (
<collectionCode id="D5BAAE77FFB1FFCCFB9AFAF8FBF04332" box="[1025,1111,1292,1316]" country="USA" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34871" name="Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="Museum">USNM</collectionCode>
; slide labelled by Green and discussed above); in hollow stems of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB1FFCCFDADFAC5FC95435E" box="[566,818,1327,1352]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hypoleuca">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB1FFCCFDADFAC5FC95435E" box="[566,818,1327,1352]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Macaranga hypoleuca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, attended by ants, coll.
<collectorName id="1E5E5364FFB1FFCCFBA2FAC4FB1A435E" box="[1081,1213,1327,1352]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">I.H. Burkill</collectorName>
, 2(2) (
<collectionCode id="D5BAAE77FFB1FFCCFA9FFAC4FAF9435E" box="[1284,1374,1328,1352]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">BMNH</collectionCode>
).
<collectorName id="1E5E5364FFB1FFCCFAEBFADBFA3B435E" box="[1392,1436,1327,1352]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">The</collectorName>
BMNH also has another 10 slides, with a total of
<specimenCount id="A5ADFD3BFFB1FFCCFD50FAA0FC80437B" box="[715,807,1364,1389]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="adult">29 adult</specimenCount>
females and nymphs, of this Singapore collection from Burkill; PJG examined these slides in 1994 and made notes but did not take measurements. All of these BMNH slides have similar data to the
</materialsCitation>
<typeStatus id="6C108810FFB1FFCCFE62FA69FD8E43A3" box="[505,553,1437,1461]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">type</typeStatus>
collection listed above, but they are not
<typeStatus id="6C108810FFB1FFCCFB9FFA69FB9343A3" box="[1028,1076,1437,1461]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">type</typeStatus>
specimens, as explained in the Materials and methods.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FFB1FFCCFF5CFA11FCB04052" blockId="42.[151,1437,895,2037]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
Note. The USNM
<typeStatus id="6C108810FFB1FFCCFE06FA11FE6A43EB" box="[413,461,1509,1533]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">type</typeStatus>
slides give the host plant as
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB1FFCCFC85FA11FC1443EB" box="[798,947,1508,1533]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hypotema">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB1FFCCFC85FA11FC1443EB" box="[798,947,1508,1533]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">M. hypotema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<bibRefCitation id="D73A4B43FFB1FFCCFC75FA10FB0D43EA" author="Morrison, H." box="[1006,1194,1508,1533]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="637 - 677" refId="ref46837" refString="Morrison, H. (1921) Some nondiaspine Coccidae from the Malay Peninsula, with descriptions of apparently new species. The Philippine Journal of Science, 18, 637 - 677." type="journal article" year="1921">Morrison (1921)</bibRefCitation>
listed the host as
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB1FFCCFAE6FA11FEA34036" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hypolema">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB1FFCCFAE6FA11FEA34036" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">M. hypolema</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but there is no such species. The BMNH slides give the host as
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB1FFCCFC41F9FDFBD54036" box="[986,1138,1543,1568]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hypoleuca">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB1FFCCFC41F9FDFBD54036" box="[986,1138,1543,1568]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">M. hypoleuca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which is a member of the
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB1FFCCFF0CF9D8FE8B4053" box="[151,300,1580,1605]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Pachystemon" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB1FFCCFF0CF9D8FE8B4053" box="[151,300,1580,1605]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Pachystemon</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
section of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB1FFCCFE33F9D9FCB44052" authority="(Davies et al. 2001)" baseAuthorityName="Davies" baseAuthorityYear="2001" box="[424,787,1580,1605]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB1FFCCFE33F9D9FD8C4052" box="[424,555,1581,1604]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Macaranga</emphasis>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D73A4B43FFB1FFCCFDA2F9D8FCAD4052" author="Davies, S. J. &amp; Lum, S. K. Y. &amp; Chan, R. &amp; Wang, L. K." box="[569,778,1580,1605]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" pagination="1542 - 1559" refId="ref44527" refString="Davies, S. J., Lum, S. K. Y., Chan, R. &amp; Wang, L. K. (2001) Evolution of myrmecophytism in Western Malesian Macaranga (Euphorbiaceae). Evolution, 55, 1542 - 1559. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 0014 - 3820.2001. tb 00674. x" type="journal article" year="2001">
Davies
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB1FFCCFD14F9D9FD664053" box="[655,705,1580,1605]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">et al</emphasis>
. 2001
</bibRefCitation>
)
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FFB1FFCDFF5CF9BBFCBA46EE" blockId="42.[151,1437,895,2037]" lastBlockId="43.[151,1436,151,248]" lastPageId="43" lastPageNumber="44" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB1FFCCFF5CF9BBFD39407E" bold="true" box="[199,670,1615,1640]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Other material examined. BORNEO:</emphasis>
Sarawak, Santubong, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB1FFCCFC40F9A5FAB7407E" authority=", Dec. 1994" authorityName="Dec." authorityYear="1994" box="[987,1296,1615,1640]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hypoleuca">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB1FFCCFC40F9A5FBDB407E" box="[987,1148,1615,1640]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">M. hypoleuca</emphasis>
, Dec. 1994
</taxonomicName>
, coll. H.-P. Heckroth, 445, 447, 450, 451 &amp; 453, 5(14 +
<specimenCount id="A5ADFD3BFFB1FFCCFD06F980FD4B409B" box="[669,748,1652,1677]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="adult">1 adult</specimenCount>
female of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB1FFCCFCF1F981FBBF409A" box="[874,1048,1653,1676]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="macarangae">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB1FFCCFCF1F981FBBF409A" box="[874,1048,1653,1676]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">C. macarangae</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) (2 slides
<collectionCode id="D5BAAE77FFB1FFCCFB08F980FB7D409A" box="[1171,1242,1652,1676]" country="Australia" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:32981" name="Australian National Insect Collection" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">ANIC</collectionCode>
, 3 slides
<collectionCode id="D5BAAE77FFB1FFCCFADCF980FA36409A" box="[1351,1425,1652,1676]" country="Malaysia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/rw2k-chgr" name="Forest Research Institute, Malaysia" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">FRIM</collectionCode>
).
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB1FFCCFF0CF963FE5E40A6" bold="true" box="[151,505,1687,1712]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
PENINSULAR
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FFB1FFCCFEC1F963FE5340A6" box="[346,500,1687,1712]" name="Malaysia" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">MALAYSIA</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
Fraser’s Hill, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB1FFCCFD4DF96DFBA140A6" authority=", Mar. 1993" authorityName="Mar." authorityYear="1993" box="[726,1030,1687,1712]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hypoleuca">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB1FFCCFD4DF96DFCD240A6" box="[726,885,1687,1712]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">M. hypoleuca</emphasis>
, Mar. 1993
</taxonomicName>
, coll. H.-P. Heckroth, #284, 3(3); Gombak, lower logging road, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB1FFCCFD83F949FCA540C2" authority=", Feb. 1992" authorityName="Feb." authorityYear="1992" box="[536,770,1724,1749]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hosei">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB1FFCCFD83F949FDDC40C3" box="[536,635,1724,1749]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">M. hosei</emphasis>
, Feb. 1992
</taxonomicName>
, coll. H.-P. Heckroth, #230, 2(2;
<specimenCount id="A5ADFD3BFFB1FFCCFB1EF948FB4E40C3" box="[1157,1257,1724,1749]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="female">1 female</specimenCount>
taken from the mandibles of an ant);
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FFB1FFCCFE04F92BFE7840EE" box="[415,479,1759,1784]" country="Malaysia" name="Johor" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Johor</collectingRegion>
, Kota Tinggi to falls, lowland, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB1FFCCFC1AF915FBB940EE" box="[897,1054,1759,1784]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hypoleuca">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB1FFCCFC1AF915FBB940EE" box="[897,1054,1759,1784]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">M. hypoleuca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7151072FFB1FFCCFBA9F92BFB6B40EE" box="[1074,1228,1759,1784]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1999-09-05">5 Sept. 1999</date>
, coll. S.-P. Quek, SPQ.018, DNA voucher 1(1);
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FFB1FFCCFE72F8F0FD8E410B" box="[489,553,1796,1821]" country="Malaysia" name="Johor" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Johor</collectingRegion>
, Mawai camp, Ginger Hill, ~
<geoCoordinate id="D69F5075FFB1FFCCFCF5F8F0FC6C410A" box="[878,971,1796,1820]" degrees="1.871" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" precision="55" value="1.871">1.871 N</geoCoordinate>
, ~
<geoCoordinate id="D69F5075FFB1FFCCFC78F8F0FBFE410A" box="[995,1113,1796,1821]" degrees="103.954" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" precision="55" value="103.954">103.954 E</geoCoordinate>
, &lt;
<quantity id="74539B57FFB1FFCCFBEFF8F0FB1A410A" box="[1140,1213,1796,1820]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB1FFCCFB72F8F1FA27410B" box="[1257,1408,1796,1821]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hypoleuca">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB1FFCCFB72F8F1FA27410B" box="[1257,1408,1796,1821]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">M. hypoleuca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7151072FFB1FFCCFA15F8F1FEB14156" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1999-09-07">7 Sept. 1999</date>
, coll. S.-P. Quek, SPQ.027, SQP.030 &amp; SPQ.032, DNA vouchers 3(
<specimenCount id="A5ADFD3BFFB1FFCCFBA0F8DCFB294156" box="[1083,1166,1831,1856]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="adult">2 adult</specimenCount>
females +
<specimenCount id="A5ADFD3BFFB1FFCCFA8CF8DCFA3B4156" box="[1303,1436,1831,1856]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="immature">1 immature</specimenCount>
female);
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FFB1FFCCFF66F8B8FE9A4173" box="[253,317,1868,1893]" country="Malaysia" name="Johor" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Johor</collectingRegion>
, Sedili,
<quantity id="74539B57FFB1FFCCFE07F8B8FE414173" box="[412,486,1868,1893]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="km" value="14.0">14 km</quantity>
from Route 3, &lt;
<quantity id="74539B57FFB1FFCCFD33F8B8FD534172" box="[680,756,1868,1892]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB1FFCCFCBEF8B9FC674173" box="[805,960,1868,1893]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hypoleuca">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB1FFCCFCBEF8B9FC674173" box="[805,960,1868,1893]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">M. hypoleuca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7151072FFB1FFCCFC4BF8B8FBC74172" box="[976,1120,1868,1893]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1999-12-05">5 Dec. 1999</date>
, coll. S.-P. Quek, SPQ.182, DNA voucher 1(1);
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FFB1FFCCFEE2F89BFE69419E" box="[377,462,1903,1928]" country="Malaysia" name="Pahang" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Pahang</collectingRegion>
, near Kuantan on road to Pancing Falls, &lt;
<quantity id="74539B57FFB1FFCCFC3EF884FC49419E" box="[933,1006,1904,1928]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB1FFCCFB87F885FB13419E" box="[1052,1204,1903,1928]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hypoleuca">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB1FFCCFB87F885FB13419E" box="[1052,1204,1903,1928]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">M. hypoleuca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7151072FFB1FFCCFB59F89BFAC7419E" box="[1218,1376,1903,1928]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1999-09-15">15 Sept. 1999</date>
, coll. S.-P. Quek, SPQ.054, DNA voucher 1(1);
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FFB1FFCCFD17F860FD4641BB" box="[652,737,1940,1965]" country="Malaysia" name="Pahang" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Pahang</collectingRegion>
, Kuantan to
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FFB1FFCCFCE6F860FC1C41BB" box="[893,955,1940,1965]" country="Malaysia" name="Johor" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Johor</collectingRegion>
Road,
<quantity id="74539B57FFB1FFCCFB8EF860FBC941BB" box="[1045,1134,1940,1965]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9899999999999998" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="km" value="299.0">299 km</quantity>
to
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FFB1FFCCFB00F860FB7C41BB" box="[1179,1243,1940,1965]" country="Malaysia" name="Johor" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Johor</collectingRegion>
, lowland, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB1FFCCFAE6F861FF5C41C6" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pruinosa">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB1FFCCFAE6F861FF5C41C6" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">M. pruinosa</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7151072FFB1FFCCFE92F84CFE0F41C6" box="[265,424,1976,2001]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1999-09-16">16 Sept. 1999</date>
, coll. S.-P. Quek, SPQ.062, SPQ.063a &amp; SPQ.064, DNA vouchers 3(3);
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FFB1FFCCFB47F84CFA9641C7" box="[1244,1329,1976,2001]" country="Malaysia" name="Pahang" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Pahang</collectingRegion>
, Kuantan to
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FFB1FFCCFF2FF828FF5541E3" box="[180,242,2012,2037]" country="Malaysia" name="Johor" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Johor</collectingRegion>
Road,
<quantity id="74539B57FFB1FFCCFEDEF828FE3D41E3" box="[325,410,2012,2037]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.9899999999999998" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="km" value="299.0">299 km</quantity>
to
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FFB1FFCCFE24F828FE5841E3" box="[447,511,2012,2037]" country="Malaysia" name="Johor" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Johor</collectingRegion>
, &lt;
<quantity id="74539B57FFB1FFCCFD80F828FDC241E2" box="[539,613,2012,2036]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB1FFCCFD0FF829FC8A41E3" box="[660,813,2012,2037]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hypoleuca">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB1FFCCFD0FF829FC8A41E3" box="[660,813,2012,2037]" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">M. hypoleuca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7151072FFB1FFCCFCA7F828FC7C41E2" box="[828,987,2012,2037]" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" value="1999-09-16">16 Sept. 1999</date>
, coll. S.-P. Quek, SPQ.066 &amp; SPQ.067, DNA vouchers 2(2);
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FFB0FFCDFE1DFF6CFDAA46A6" box="[390,525,152,176]" country="Malaysia" name="Terengganu" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Terengganu</collectingRegion>
, Bauk Hill, &lt;
<quantity id="74539B57FFB0FFCDFD3FFF6CFD4946B9" box="[676,750,152,176]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB0FFCDFC87FF6DFC1246A6" box="[796,949,151,176]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hypoleuca">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB0FFCDFC87FF6DFC1246A6" box="[796,949,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">M. hypoleuca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7151072FFB0FFCDFC58FF6CFBFC46A6" box="[963,1115,152,176]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" value="1999-09-12">12 Sept 1999</date>
, S.-P. Quek, SPQ.038, DNA voucher 1(1).
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB0FFCDFEA1FF48FE4E46C3" bold="true" box="[314,489,188,213]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FFB0FFCDFEA1FF48FE4246C3" box="[314,485,188,213]" name="Singapore" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">SINGAPORE</collectingCountry>
:
</emphasis>
Old Upper Thompson Road, ~
<geoCoordinate id="D69F5075FFB0FFCDFCCAFF48FC1646C2" box="[849,945,188,212]" degrees="1.381" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" precision="55" value="1.381">1.381 N</geoCoordinate>
, ~
<geoCoordinate id="D69F5075FFB0FFCDFC56FF48FBE146C2" box="[973,1094,188,212]" degrees="103.813" direction="east" orientation="longitude" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" precision="55" value="103.813">103.813 E</geoCoordinate>
, &lt;
<quantity id="74539B57FFB0FFCDFBFFFF48FB1746C2" box="[1124,1200,188,212]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</quantity>
, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB0FFCDFB79FF49FADA46C3" box="[1250,1405,188,213]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hypoleuca">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB0FFCDFB79FF49FADA46C3" box="[1250,1405,188,213]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">M. hypoleuca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<date id="C7151072FFB0FFCDFA16FF48FEAF46EE" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" value="1999-10-04">4 Oct. 1999</date>
, coll. S.-P. Quek, SPQ.090, DNA voucher 1(1).
</paragraph>
<caption id="E7D4663AFFB0FFCDFF0CF827FBA941FF" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3770269" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3770269" box="[151,1038,2003,2025]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3770269/files/figure.png" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" startId="43.[151,250,2003,2025]" targetBox="[189,1409,338,1967]" targetPageId="43">
<paragraph id="B31436B2FFB0FFCDFF0CF827FBA941FF" blockId="43.[151,1038,2003,2025]" box="[151,1038,2003,2025]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB0FFCDFF0CF827FEB841FE" bold="true" box="[151,287,2003,2025]" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">FIGURE 14.</emphasis>
Adult female of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB0FFCDFE57F820FD5B41FF" authority="Morrison." authorityName="Morrison. All" authorityYear="1921" box="[460,764,2003,2025]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="43" pageNumber="44" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tumuliferus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB0FFCDFE57F820FD3641FF" box="[460,657,2003,2025]" italics="true" pageId="43" pageNumber="44">Coccus tumuliferus</emphasis>
Morrison.
</taxonomicName>
Abbreviations as in Fig. 3.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FFB7FFCAFF5CFF63FEFF47E3" blockId="44.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB7FFCAFF5CFF63FDD346A6" bold="true" box="[199,628,151,176]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Adult female. Unmounted material.</emphasis>
“.. rarely broad oval, but usually broadened behind and triangular with angles rounded; plane of dorsal surface flat, but in dried specimens covered with relatively large knobs having a fairly definite arrangement of a median longitudinal single row and on each side of this two other rows, the outer one forming a continuous row around the body at the margin; dorsally covered with a thin, brittle, whitish but more or less translucent, glassy secretion, very easily broken and usually more or less wanting, molded into elevations and depressions corresponding to those of the body, this covering normally wanting over the flattened extreme margin of the body; body color dull brown, of secretionary covering, as stated, translucent whitish; .. (
<bibRefCitation id="D73A4B43FFB7FFCAFAA9FE9BFEA947BB" author="Morrison, H." pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="637 - 677" refId="ref46837" refString="Morrison, H. (1921) Some nondiaspine Coccidae from the Malay Peninsula, with descriptions of apparently new species. The Philippine Journal of Science, 18, 637 - 677." type="journal article" year="1921">Morrison 1921: 655</bibRefCitation>
). For the present revision, the available adult females preserved in ethanol were pinkish red in colour (
<figureCitation id="2B902A37FFB7FFCAFF04FE43FEA147C6" box="[159,262,439,464]" captionStart="FIGURE 11" captionStartId="35.[151,250,1948,1970]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,1476,1938]" captionTargetId="figure@35.[151,1436,1476,1938]" captionTargetPageId="35" captionText="FIGURE 11. Photographs of the dorsum of adult females preserved in ethanol: A–C, C. pseudotumuliferus Gullan &amp; Kondo sp. n., showing variation in the numbers and shapes of dorsal elevations or humps; D, C. tumuliferus Morrison." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3770263" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3770263/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Fig. 11D</figureCitation>
). Although Morrison recorded the body of dry adult females as dull brown, but this is unlikely to reflect the colour in life.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FFB7FFCAFF5CFE0BFAE9442B" blockId="44.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB7FFCAFF5CFE0BFDA8440E" bold="true" box="[199,527,511,536]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Slide-mounted adult female</emphasis>
(n=16, including
<typeStatus id="6C108810FFB7FFCAFD4CFE0BFC9E440E" box="[727,825,511,536]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
and
<typeStatus id="6C108810FFB7FFCAFCF4FDF4FC79440E" box="[879,990,512,536]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="paratype">paratypes</typeStatus>
; specimens from Santubong in
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FFB7FFCAFAA0FE0BFA3B440E" box="[1339,1436,511,536]" name="Malaysia" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
excluded;
<figureCitation id="2B902A37FFB7FFCAFE90FDD0FEFA442A" box="[267,349,548,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="43.[151,250,2003,2025]" captionTargetBox="[189,1409,338,1967]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[151,1436,298,1993]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 14. Adult female of Coccus tumuliferus Morrison. Abbreviations as in Fig. 3." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3770269" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3770269/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
). Body oval to broadly oval,
<quantity id="74539B57FFB7FFCAFD3FFDD0FC8C442A" box="[676,811,548,573]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.15" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="2.15" valueMax="2.8" valueMin="1.5">1.5–2.8 mm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="74539B57FFB7FFCAFCEAFDD0FC5F442A" box="[881,1016,548,572]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7999999999999998" metricValueMax="2.4" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="1.7999999999999998" valueMax="2.4" valueMin="1.2">1.2–2.4 mm</quantity>
wide, widest in posterior half.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FFB7FFCAFF5CFDBDFCCB45DE" blockId="44.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB7FFCAFF5CFDBDFE8E4476" box="[199,297,585,608]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Dorsum.</emphasis>
Derm (dd) completely membranous, areolated; with a series of humps (oval to circular raised areas of cuticle) present in a submarginal row of 17 (typically 8 on each side plus 1 medially on head), 3 on each side submedially, and usually 3 medially but these often poorly defined. Dorsal setae (dset) very short, each
<quantity id="74539B57FFB7FFCAFADFFD64FA3B44BE" box="[1348,1436,656,680]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 µm</quantity>
long with rounded apex, scattered on dorsum. Simple pores (sp) each 2.5–3.0 µm wide, scattered evenly on dorsum. Preopercular pores (pop) each 3.8–5.0 µm wide, scarce, present in a small group of 1–5 anterior to anal plates. Dorsal microducts (dmic) in areolations each 2.0–
<quantity id="74539B57FFB7FFCAFCFCFD08FC674503" box="[871,960,764,789]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 µm</quantity>
wide, appearing bilocular under high magnification. Anal plates (anplt) each triangular with anterolateral margin longer than posterolateral margin, inner lobes fairly developed, with a tessellated texture, each plate
<quantity id="74539B57FFB7FFCAFCC9FCB0FC44454B" box="[850,995,836,861]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7399999999999998" metricValueMax="1.98" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="174.0" valueMax="198.0" valueMin="150.0">150–198 µm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="74539B57FFB7FFCAFBB4FCB0FB18454B" box="[1071,1215,836,861]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.125" metricValueMax="1.25" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="112.5" valueMax="125.0" valueMin="100.0">100–125 µm</quantity>
wide, anterolateral margin
<quantity id="74539B57FFB7FFCAFF6AFC93FE244596" box="[241,387,871,896]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.515" metricValueMax="1.63" metricValueMin="1.4" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="151.5" valueMax="163.0" valueMin="140.0">140–163 µm</quantity>
long, posterolateral margin
<quantity id="74539B57FFB7FFCAFD54FC9CFCF34596" box="[719,852,872,896]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.09" metricValueMax="1.28" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="109.0" valueMax="128.0" valueMin="90.0">90–128 µm</quantity>
long; each plate with 14–22 dorsal setae, slender spinose, each
<quantity id="74539B57FFB7FFCAFEAEFC78FE3C45B3" box="[309,411,908,933]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="15.5" valueMax="23.0" valueMin="8.0">8–23 µm</quantity>
long. Anal ring (ar) probably always bearing 10 setae [
<bibRefCitation id="D73A4B43FFB7FFCAFB94FC78FAA045B3" author="Morrison, H." box="[1039,1287,908,933]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="637 - 677" refId="ref46837" refString="Morrison, H. (1921) Some nondiaspine Coccidae from the Malay Peninsula, with descriptions of apparently new species. The Philippine Journal of Science, 18, 637 - 677." type="journal article" year="1921">Morrison (1921: 657)</bibRefCitation>
says 8 setae, but the thinner setae are difficult to see], each
<quantity id="74539B57FFB7FFCAFD07FC5BFC8C45DE" box="[668,811,943,968]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.275" metricValueMax="1.55" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="127.5" valueMax="155.0" valueMin="100.0">100–155 µm</quantity>
long.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FFB7FFCAFF5CFC21FB6142FE" blockId="44.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB7FFCAFF5CFC21FE8545FA" box="[199,290,981,1004]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Margin.</emphasis>
Eyespots present slightly removed from dorsal margin, each
<quantity id="74539B57FFB7FFCAFC66FC20FBD245FB" box="[1021,1141,980,1005]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="24.0" valueMax="28.0" valueMin="20.0">20–28 µm</quantity>
in maximum dimension. Marginal setae (mset) of 2 broad
<typeStatus id="6C108810FFB7FFCAFD8EFC0CFDF74206" box="[533,592,1016,1040]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">types</typeStatus>
usually not found together on a specimen (but female SPQ.030 with both
<typeStatus id="6C108810FFB7FFCAFF0CFBE8FF704222" box="[151,215,1052,1076]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">types</typeStatus>
): (1) long (
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) and flagellate, present in 1 or 2 rows (rarely up to 3 rows on part of margin) (as illustrated in
<figureCitation id="2B902A37FFB7FFCAFEABFBCBFE22424E" box="[304,389,1087,1112]" captionStart="FIGURE 14" captionStartId="43.[151,250,2003,2025]" captionTargetBox="[189,1409,338,1967]" captionTargetId="figure@43.[151,1436,298,1993]" captionTargetPageId="43" captionText="FIGURE 14. Adult female of Coccus tumuliferus Morrison. Abbreviations as in Fig. 3." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3770269" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/3770269/files/figure.png" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Fig. 14</figureCitation>
); (2) short (
<quantity id="74539B57FFB7FFCAFD8AFBB4FD20424E" box="[529,647,1088,1112]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="20.0" valueMax="28.0" valueMin="12.0">12–28 µm</quantity>
long) and with apices mostly fimbriate (or at least divided), usually present in a single row, rarely in 2 rows on parts of margin; with about 7–30 marginal setae between anterior and posterior stigmatic areas on each side of body. Stigmatic setae (stgset) of variable length and development, numbering 1–3 but usually 1 (rarely absent) per cleft, median seta
<quantity id="74539B57FFB7FFCAFC13FB58FC4942D3" box="[904,1006,1196,1221]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="0.3" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="14.0" valueMax="25.0" valueMin="3.0">3–25 µm</quantity>
long, lateral ones if present each 3.0–
<quantity id="74539B57FFB7FFCAFF0CFB3BFF4042FF" box="[151,231,1231,1257]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="7.5">7.5 µm</quantity>
long, spinose and tapering to a rounded point, rarely 3 very short setae (≤
<quantity id="74539B57FFB7FFCAFBB8FB3BFBF942FE" box="[1059,1118,1231,1256]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="5.0">5 µm</quantity>
) present.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FFB7FFCAFF5CFB01FA9640AA" blockId="44.[151,1437,151,2013]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB7FFCAFF5CFB01FEB7431A" box="[199,272,1269,1292]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Venter.</emphasis>
Derm membranous. Ventral setae (vset) slender, longest submedially on posterior abdominal segments, each
<quantity id="74539B57FFB7FFCAFF49FAECFEE24327" box="[210,325,1304,1329]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.4" metricValueMax="8.8" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="54.0" valueMax="88.0" valueMin="20.0">20–88 µm</quantity>
long, elsewhere shorter,
<quantity id="74539B57FFB7FFCAFDFAFAE3FD7C4327" box="[609,731,1303,1329]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.375" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="0.75" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="23.75" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="7.5">7.5–40 µm</quantity>
long. Interantennal setae in 2 pairs, each seta
<quantity id="74539B57FFB7FFCAFB73FAE3FAFC4327" box="[1256,1371,1303,1329]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="60.0" valueMax="70.0" valueMin="50.0">50–70 µm</quantity>
long. Ventral tubular ducts (vtd) present in a broad submarginal band; each duct with outer ductule about
<quantity id="74539B57FFB7FFCAFA8BFAC8FAFC4343" box="[1296,1371,1340,1365]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="15.0">15 µm</quantity>
long, inner ductule about
<quantity id="74539B57FFB7FFCAFEEFFAABFE75436F" box="[372,466,1375,1401]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="17.5">17.5 µm</quantity>
long, and duct opening about
<quantity id="74539B57FFB7FFCAFCBAFAABFCD7436F" box="[801,880,1375,1401]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 µm</quantity>
wide. Ventral microducts (vmic) each about
<quantity id="74539B57FFB7FFCAFAF8FA94FA3B436F" box="[1379,1436,1376,1401]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="2.0">2 µm</quantity>
wide, scattered fairly evenly on venter. Pregenital disc-pores (pgp) each with 7–9 loculi, each pore
<quantity id="74539B57FFB7FFCAFB64FA70FAF0438B" box="[1279,1367,1412,1437]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="6.0" valueMax="7.0" valueMin="5.0">5–7 µm</quantity>
wide. Antennae (ant) usually 7, rarely 6, segmented [
<bibRefCitation id="D73A4B43FFB7FFCAFD51FA53FC2B43D6" author="Morrison, H." box="[714,908,1447,1472]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" pagination="637 - 677" refId="ref46837" refString="Morrison, H. (1921) Some nondiaspine Coccidae from the Malay Peninsula, with descriptions of apparently new species. The Philippine Journal of Science, 18, 637 - 677." type="journal article" year="1921">Morrison (1921)</bibRefCitation>
recorded 8 segments but this appears to be erroneous], each antenna
<quantity id="74539B57FFB7FFCAFE2FFA38FDE543F3" box="[436,578,1484,1509]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="240.0" valueMax="270.0" valueMin="210.0">210–270 µm</quantity>
long; apical antennal segment
<quantity id="74539B57FFB7FFCAFC07FA38FBB243F2" box="[924,1045,1484,1508]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.65" metricValueMax="4.3" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="36.5" valueMax="43.0" valueMin="30.0">30–43 mm</quantity>
long, with apical prolongation
<quantity id="74539B57FFB7FFCAFAE9FA38FF1A401F" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="5.0" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="2.0">2–8 µm</quantity>
long on at least 1 antenna (often absent on 1 or both antennae of pair); fleshy setae present on last 3 segments when 7 segmented, and on last 2 segments when 6 segmented. Mouthparts normal; clypeolabral shield
<quantity id="74539B57FFB7FFCAFAA1F9E0FF1A4047" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" metricValueMax="2.7" metricValueMin="2.1" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="240.0" valueMax="270.0" valueMin="210.0">210–270 µm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="74539B57FFB7FFCAFE9FF9C3FE344047" box="[260,403,1591,1617]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.025" metricValueMax="2.35" metricValueMin="1.7" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="202.5" valueMax="235.0" valueMin="170.0">170–235 µm</quantity>
wide; labium
<quantity id="74539B57FFB7FFCAFDAEF9CCFD114047" box="[565,694,1592,1617]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="8.0" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="90.0" valueMax="100.0" valueMin="80.0">80–100 µm</quantity>
long,
<quantity id="74539B57FFB7FFCAFD65F9C3FC2A4047" box="[766,909,1591,1617]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.35" metricValueMax="1.5" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="135.0" valueMax="150.0" valueMin="120.0">120–150 µm</quantity>
wide. Legs with hind trochanter + femur
<quantity id="74539B57FFB7FFCAFAFFF9C3FF4B4063" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.75" metricValueMax="1.95" metricValueMin="1.55" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="175.0" valueMax="195.0" valueMin="155.0">155– 195 µm</quantity>
long; hind tibia + tarsus
<quantity id="74539B57FFB7FFCAFD99F9A8FD284063" box="[514,655,1628,1653]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.775" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.55" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="177.5" valueMax="200.0" valueMin="155.0">155–200 µm</quantity>
long; all tarsal digitules each
<quantity id="74539B57FFB7FFCAFC46F9A8FBE84063" box="[989,1103,1628,1653]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.4" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="34.0" valueMax="40.0" valueMin="28.0">28–40 µm</quantity>
long; claw digitules each
<quantity id="74539B57FFB7FFCAFAE9F9A8FF45408F" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.75" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="27.5" valueMax="30.0" valueMin="25.0">25– 30 µm</quantity>
long, claws each about
<quantity id="74539B57FFB7FFCAFE6CF974FDE5408F" box="[503,578,1664,1689]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="30.0">30 µm</quantity>
long. Spiracles normal: anterior peritremes each
<quantity id="74539B57FFB7FFCAFBEDF98BFB4E408F" box="[1142,1257,1663,1689]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.15" metricValueMax="5.8" metricValueMin="4.5" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="51.5" valueMax="58.0" valueMin="45.0">45–58 µm</quantity>
wide; posterior peritremes each
<quantity id="74539B57FFB7FFCAFED5F950FE6740AB" box="[334,448,1700,1725]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.75" metricValueMax="6.5" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="57.5" valueMax="65.0" valueMin="50.0">50–65 µm</quantity>
wide. Spiracular pores (spp) each
<quantity id="74539B57FFB7FFCAFCDFF950FC3D40AB" box="[836,922,1700,1725]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4–5 µm</quantity>
wide, mostly with 5 loculi, rarely 4.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FBB16539FFB7FFCBFF5CF933FA954326" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" type="discussion">
<paragraph id="B31436B2FFB7FFCBFF5CF933FA8B479E" blockId="44.[151,1437,151,2013]" lastBlockId="45.[151,1437,151,1329]" lastPageId="45" lastPageNumber="46" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB7FFCAFF5CF933FEE840F6" bold="true" box="[199,335,1735,1760]" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Comments.</emphasis>
Adult females
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB7FFCAFE62F93CFD1240F6" box="[505,693,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">
of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB7FFCAFD8EF93CFD1240F6" authorityName="Morrison. All" authorityYear="1921" box="[533,693,1735,1760]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tumuliferus">C. tumuliferus</taxonomicName>
</emphasis>
can be distinguished from all other species of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB7FFCAFB21F93CFAAB40C9" box="[1210,1292,1736,1759]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB7FFCAFB21F93CFAAB40C9" box="[1210,1292,1736,1759]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Coccus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
known from
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB7FFCAFF0CF919FEBD4112" box="[151,282,1773,1796]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB7FFCAFF0CF919FEBD4112" box="[151,282,1773,1796]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">Macaranga</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
by having the combination of (i) very short dorsal setae that can appear to be absent; (ii) almost always 8 dorsal submarginal raised areas on each side of body plus 1 medially on head (most obvious on live or ethanolpreserved specimens); and (iii) usually 14–22 dorsal setae per anal plate, each slender spinose and mostly ≤
<quantity id="74539B57FFB7FFCAFACFF8C0FA3B415B" box="[1364,1436,1844,1869]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 µm</quantity>
long. Adult females of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB7FFCAFE5CF8ACFDD44166" authorityName="Morrison. All" authorityYear="1921" box="[455,627,1879,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tumuliferus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB7FFCAFE5CF8ACFDD44166" box="[455,627,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">C. tumuliferus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are most similar to the adult females of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB7FFCAFB05F8ACFACF4166" box="[1182,1384,1879,1904]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caviramicolus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB7FFCAFB05F8ACFACF4166" box="[1182,1384,1879,1904]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">C. caviramicolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB7FFCAFA19F8ACFEC14183" authorityName="Gullan &amp; Kondo" authorityYear="2018" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudotumuliferus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB7FFCAFA19F8ACFEC14183" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">C. pseudotumuliferus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB7FFCAFE00F889FDB14182" box="[411,534,1917,1940]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="secretus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB7FFCAFE00F889FDB14182" box="[411,534,1917,1940]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">C. secretus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which all also have extremely short dorsal setae, but they differ from females of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB7FFCAFF0CF855FEFC41AF" box="[151,347,1952,1977]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caviramicolus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB7FFCAFF0CF855FEFC41AF" box="[151,347,1952,1977]" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">C. caviramicolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having marginal setae either flagellate or with few fimbriations (strongly fimbriate in
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB7FFCAFA19F855FE9141CB" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="44" pageNumber="45" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caviramicolus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB7FFCAFA19F855FE9141CB" italics="true" pageId="44" pageNumber="45">C. caviramicolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and anal plates with a ratio for the length of the anterolateral margin to posterolateral margin of 1.12 to 1.38 (ratio mostly
<quantity id="74539B57FFB6FFCBFE27FF6CFDC746A6" box="[444,608,151,176]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.406899999999999" metricValueMax="5.2324" metricValueMin="3.5814" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="in" value="1.7349999999999999" valueMax="2.06" valueMin="1.41">1.41 to 2.06 in</quantity>
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB6FFCBFDFCFF6CFC8046A6" box="[615,807,151,176]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="caviramicolus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB6FFCBFDFCFF6CFC8046A6" box="[615,807,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">C. caviramicolus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); from
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB6FFCBFCE7FF6CFC5F46A6" box="[892,1016,152,176]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="secretus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB6FFCBFCE7FF6CFC5F46A6" box="[892,1016,152,176]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">C. secretus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in having dorsal setae rounded at the apices (tapering to a point in
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB6FFCBFE41FF49FDF246C2" box="[474,597,189,212]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="secretus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB6FFCBFE41FF49FDF246C2" box="[474,597,189,212]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">C. secretus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
) and the dorsal setae of the anal plates are usually much shorter (each
<quantity id="74539B57FFB6FFCBFAFFFF48FF1A46EE" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.55" metricValueMax="2.3" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="15.5" valueMax="23.0" valueMin="8.0">8–23 µm</quantity>
long in
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB6FFCBFEBBFF14FE6546EE" authorityName="Morrison. All" authorityYear="1921" box="[288,450,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tumuliferus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB6FFCBFEBBFF14FE6546EE" box="[288,450,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">C. tumuliferus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
compared with
<quantity id="74539B57FFB6FFCBFDE5FF2BFD5346EE" box="[638,756,223,248]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="1.5" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="30.0" valueMax="45.0" valueMin="15.0">15–45 µm</quantity>
long in
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB6FFCBFCCDFF14FC7346EE" box="[854,980,224,248]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="secretus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB6FFCBFCCDFF14FC7346EE" box="[854,980,224,248]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">C. secretus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
); and from
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB6FFCBFBFBFF14FAF546EE" authorityName="Gullan &amp; Kondo" authorityYear="2018" box="[1120,1362,223,248]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudotumuliferus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB6FFCBFBFBFF14FAF546EE" box="[1120,1362,223,248]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">C. pseudotumuliferus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
in the number of submarginal raised areas (typically 8 on each side plus 1 medially on head in
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB6FFCBFB1FFEF1FA82470B" authorityName="Morrison. All" authorityYear="1921" box="[1156,1317,260,285]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tumuliferus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB6FFCBFB1FFEF1FA82470B" box="[1156,1317,260,285]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">C. tumuliferus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
compared with usually 11 on each side plus 1 medially on head in
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB6FFCBFCB5FEDCFB874756" authorityName="Gullan &amp; Kondo" authorityYear="2018" box="[814,1056,295,320]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudotumuliferus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB6FFCBFCB5FEDCFB874756" box="[814,1056,295,320]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">C. pseudotumuliferus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), the shape of these raised areas (usually circular in
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB6FFCBFEE9FEB9FDB54773" authorityName="Morrison. All" authorityYear="1921" box="[370,530,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tumuliferus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB6FFCBFEE9FEB9FDB54773" box="[370,530,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">C. tumuliferus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
but oval to elongate in
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB6FFCBFC80FEB9FBAC4773" authorityName="Gullan &amp; Kondo" authorityYear="2018" box="[795,1035,332,357]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudotumuliferus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB6FFCBFC80FEB9FBAC4773" box="[795,1035,332,357]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">C. pseudotumuliferus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
), and the number of stigmatic setae (0–3 but usually 1 per cleft in
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB6FFCBFE72FE84FD2D479E" authorityName="Morrison. All" authorityYear="1921" box="[489,650,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tumuliferus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB6FFCBFE72FE84FD2D479E" box="[489,650,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">C. tumuliferus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
compared with usually 3 per cleft in
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB6FFCBFBB7FE84FABC479E" authorityName="Gullan &amp; Kondo" authorityYear="2018" box="[1068,1307,367,392]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudotumuliferus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB6FFCBFBB7FE84FABC479E" box="[1068,1307,367,392]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">C. pseudotumuliferus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FFB6FFCBFF5CFE60FD2B4206" blockId="45.[151,1437,151,1329]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
<bibRefCitation id="D73A4B43FFB6FFCBFF5CFE60FE1847BA" author="Heckroth, H. - P. &amp; Fiala, B. &amp; Gullan, P. J. &amp; Idris, A. H. &amp; Maschwitz, U." box="[199,447,404,429]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="427 - 443" refId="ref45661" refString="Heckroth, H. - P., Fiala, B., Gullan, P. J., Idris, A. H. &amp; Maschwitz, U. (1998) The soft scale (Coccidae) associates of Malaysian ant-plants. Journal of Tropical Ecology, 14, 427 - 443. https: // doi. org / 10.1017 / S 0266467498000327" type="journal article" year="1998">
Heckroth
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB6FFCBFEADFE61FEC947BB" box="[310,366,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">et al.</emphasis>
(1998)
</bibRefCitation>
recognised
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB6FFCBFDDDFE61FD4147BB" authorityName="Morrison. All" authorityYear="1921" box="[582,742,404,429]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tumuliferus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB6FFCBFDDDFE61FD4147BB" box="[582,742,404,429]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">C. tumuliferus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from both Borneo and Peninsular
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FFB6FFCBFBF2FE60FB7747BB" box="[1129,1232,404,429]" name="Malaysia" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
and recorded it as most common on
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB6FFCBFEFEFE4DFE5847C6" box="[357,511,439,464]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hypoleuca">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB6FFCBFEFEFE4DFE5847C6" box="[357,511,439,464]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">M. hypoleuca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, which is a common and widespread tree in both regions (Davies 2001). We had available for study 16 slide preparations, each containing from one to six adult females, made by Heckroth and identified by him as
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB6FFCBFE17FDF4FD88440E" authorityName="Morrison. All" authorityYear="1921" box="[396,559,511,536]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tumuliferus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB6FFCBFE17FDF4FD88440E" box="[396,559,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">C. tumuliferus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Borneo. Five slides (#445, 447, 450, 451 and 453, ex
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB6FFCBFB62FDF5FEA8442B" authority=", Santubong" authorityName="Santubong" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hypoleuca">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB6FFCBFB62FDF5FA32440E" box="[1273,1429,511,536]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">M. hypoleuca</emphasis>
, Santubong
</taxonomicName>
[probably on the lower slopes of Mt Santubong],
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FFB6FFCBFCA7FDD0FC39442B" box="[828,926,548,573]" name="Malaysia" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
) have adult females of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB6FFCBFB39FDD1FAE5442B" authorityName="Morrison. All" authorityYear="1921" box="[1186,1346,548,573]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tumuliferus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB6FFCBFB39FDD1FAE5442B" box="[1186,1346,548,573]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">C. tumuliferus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, but the other 11 slides (#495, 525, 526, 527, 581, 589, 598, 629, 631, 635 and 614, ex either
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB6FFCBFBDDFDBDFB6C4476" box="[1094,1227,583,608]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="bancana">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB6FFCBFBDDFDBDFB6C4476" box="[1094,1227,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">M. bancana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB6FFCBFB43FDBDFAD74476" box="[1240,1392,583,608]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="hypoleuca">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB6FFCBFB43FDBDFAD74476" box="[1240,1392,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">M. hypoleuca</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB6FFCBFAE6FDBDFEAA4493" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="indistincta">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB6FFCBFAE6FDBDFEAA4493" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">M. indistincta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB6FFCBFE80FD99FE184493" box="[283,447,620,645]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="beccariana">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB6FFCBFE80FD99FE184493" box="[283,447,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">M. beccariana</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
or
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB6FFCBFE7FFD99FDD34492" box="[484,628,621,644]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Euphorbiaceae" genus="Macaranga" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pearsonii">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB6FFCBFE7FFD99FDD34492" box="[484,628,621,644]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">M. pearsonii</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, from three areas in
<collectingRegion id="716FF850FFB6FFCBFCC7FD98FC054493" box="[860,930,620,645]" country="Malaysia" name="Sabah" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Sabah</collectingRegion>
) contain specimens of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB6FFCBFB3EFD99FA324493" authorityName="Gullan &amp; Kondo" authorityYear="2018" box="[1189,1429,620,645]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pseudotumuliferus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB6FFCBFB3EFD99FA324493" box="[1189,1429,620,645]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">C. pseudotumuliferus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Other than the specimens from Santubong, all other records for
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB6FFCBFCF1FD64FBAC44BE" authorityName="Morrison. All" authorityYear="1921" box="[874,1035,655,680]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tumuliferus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB6FFCBFCF1FD64FBAC44BE" box="[874,1035,655,680]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">C. tumuliferus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are from
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FFB6FFCBFBE7FD7BFB4944BE" box="[1148,1262,655,680]" name="Singapore" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Singapore</collectingCountry>
and Peninsular
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FFB6FFCBFF0CFD40FF5944DB" box="[151,254,692,717]" name="Malaysia" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
and, given that it is unlikely that Heckroth's specimens of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB6FFCBFC0BFD41FB9744DB" authorityName="Morrison. All" authorityYear="1921" box="[912,1072,692,717]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tumuliferus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB6FFCBFC0BFD41FB9744DB" box="[912,1072,692,717]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">C. tumuliferus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are mislabelled, the explanation for this distribution is probably geographic. Santubong is in the region of
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FFB6FFCBFC44FD23FB9844E6" box="[991,1087,727,752]" name="Malaysia" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
closest to
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FFB6FFCBFB21FD23FA8C44E6" box="[1210,1323,727,752]" name="Singapore" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Singapore</collectingCountry>
and West
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FFB6FFCBFF0CFD08FF594503" box="[151,254,764,789]" name="Malaysia" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
and may have been isolated from the rest of
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FFB6FFCBFC9EFD08FCC24503" box="[773,869,764,789]" name="Malaysia" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
by past geological and environmental conditions. The Kuching area (including Mt Santubong) of western
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FFB6FFCBFC92FCEBFCCD452E" box="[777,874,799,824]" name="Malaysia" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
is south of the Lupar Valley and a geological fault called the Lupar Line. This fault marks the southwestern boundary of the rock formation called the Rajang Group in
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FFB6FFCBFF2FFC93FEB24596" box="[180,277,871,896]" name="Malaysia" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D73A4B43FFB6FFCBFEBFFC9CFE034596" author="Moss, S. J." box="[292,420,872,896]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="509 - 524" refId="ref46871" refString="Moss, S. J. (1998) Embaluh Group turbidites in Kalimantan: evolution of a remnant oceanic basin in Borneo during the Late Cretaceous to Palaeogene. Journal of the Geological Society, 155, 509 - 524. https: // doi. org / 10.1144 / gsjgs. 155.3.0509" type="journal article" year="1998">Moss 1998</bibRefCitation>
;
<bibRefCitation id="D73A4B43FFB6FFCBFE2BFC9CFDD24596" author="Wang, P. C. &amp; Li, S. Z. &amp; Guo, L. L. &amp; Jiang, S. H. &amp; Somerville, I. D. &amp; Zhao, S. J. &amp; Zhu, B. D. &amp; Chen, J. &amp; Dai, L. M. &amp; Suo, Y. H. &amp; Han, B." box="[432,629,871,896]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="464 - 489" refId="ref47788" refString="Wang, P. C., Li, S. Z., Guo, L. L., Jiang, S. H., Somerville, I. D., Zhao, S. J., Zhu, B. D., Chen, J., Dai, L. M., Suo, Y. H. &amp; Han, B. (2016) Mesozoic and Cenozoic accretionary orogenic processes in Borneo and their mechanisms. Geological Journal, 51 (Supplement 1), 464 - 489. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / gj. 2835" type="journal article" year="2016">
Wang
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB6FFCBFE63FC9DFD8D4596" box="[504,554,871,896]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">et al</emphasis>
. 2016
</bibRefCitation>
). The Lupar Valley contains a large river, the Batang Lupar, surrounded by extensive swamp forests, which may have created a barrier to the dispersal of some taxa. A barrier effect of the Lupar Valley has been hypothesised for a species of Malaysian frog for which populations from Peninsular
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FFB6FFCBFF0CFC20FF5945FB" box="[151,254,980,1005]" name="Malaysia" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
and western
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FFB6FFCBFE0AFC20FE5645FB" box="[401,497,980,1005]" name="Malaysia" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
were more genetically similar than populations in western
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FFB6FFCBFB1FFC20FB4345FB" box="[1156,1252,980,1005]" name="Malaysia" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
were to those in northeastern
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FFB6FFCBFEB3FC03FE2F4206" box="[296,392,1015,1040]" name="Malaysia" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Sarawak</collectingCountry>
(
<bibRefCitation id="D73A4B43FFB6FFCBFE0CFC03FD264206" author="Zainudin, R. &amp; Nor, S. M. &amp; Ahmad, N. &amp; Md-Zain, B. M. &amp; Rahman, M. A." box="[407,641,1015,1040]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" pagination="688 - 702" refId="ref48147" refString="Zainudin, R., Nor, S. M., Ahmad, N., Md-Zain, B. M. &amp; Rahman, M. A. (2010) Genetic structure of Hylarana erythraea (Amphibia: Anura: Ranidae) from Malaysia. Zoological Studies, 49 (5), 688 - 702." type="journal article" year="2010">
Zainudin
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB6FFCBFD9EFC0DFD924206" box="[517,565,1015,1040]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">et al</emphasis>
. 2010
</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B31436B2FFB6FFCBFF5CFBE8FA954326" blockId="45.[151,1437,151,1329]" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">
The adult females of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB6FFCBFE21FBE9FDFC4223" authorityName="Morrison. All" authorityYear="1921" box="[442,603,1052,1077]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tumuliferus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB6FFCBFE21FBE9FDFC4223" box="[442,603,1052,1077]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">C. tumuliferus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from Santubong have 7–9 dorsal submarginal humps on each side of the body and of the typical shape for
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB6FFCBFD90FBB4FD0D424E" authorityName="Morrison. All" authorityYear="1921" box="[523,682,1087,1112]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tumuliferus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB6FFCBFD90FBB4FD0D424E" box="[523,682,1087,1112]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">C. tumuliferus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
; 12–16 dorsal anal plate setae on the six females for which they are visible clearly; flagellate marginal setae up to
<quantity id="74539B57FFB6FFCBFD07FB90FD42426B" box="[668,741,1124,1149]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="90.0">90 µm</quantity>
long (but usually &lt;
<quantity id="74539B57FFB6FFCBFC5BFB90FBAC426A" box="[960,1035,1124,1149]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="60.0">60 µm</quantity>
) in 1 or 2 rows; 1–4 stigmatic setae per cleft with each seta usually 10–25 (rarely up to 36) µm long; and an apical antennal prolongation
<quantity id="74539B57FFB6FFCBFA97FB73FAC442B7" box="[1292,1379,1159,1185]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.5" metricValueMax="8.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="6.5" valueMax="8.0" valueMin="5.0">5–8 µm</quantity>
long (rarely
<quantity id="74539B57FFB6FFCBFF72FB58FE9442D3" box="[233,307,1196,1221]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 µm</quantity>
long on one antenna of a pair); thus these females barely differ in key morphological features from females collected from
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FFB6FFCBFE31FB3BFDBC42FE" box="[426,539,1231,1256]" name="Singapore" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Singapore</collectingCountry>
and Peninsular
<collectingCountry id="CBBC7622FFB6FFCBFD40FB3BFCE242FE" box="[731,837,1231,1256]" name="Malaysia" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">Malaysia</collectingCountry>
. Further collecting and molecular assessment of
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB6FFCBFA19FB24FEB0431B" authorityName="Morrison. All" authorityYear="1921" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tumuliferus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB6FFCBFA19FB24FEB0431B" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">C. tumuliferus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from the Kuching region (i.e., south of the Lupar Line) would be valuable. Furthermore,
<taxonomicName id="74AB4D31FFB6FFCBFB67FB01FA3C431B" authorityName="Morrison. All" authorityYear="1921" box="[1276,1435,1268,1293]" class="Insecta" family="Coccidae" genus="Coccus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="45" pageNumber="46" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tumuliferus">
<emphasis id="81DFEAA0FFB6FFCBFB67FB01FA3C431B" box="[1276,1435,1268,1293]" italics="true" pageId="45" pageNumber="46">C. tumuliferus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
may occur in the northwestern part of West Kalimantan but no collections have been made in that region.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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Verbascum fontanesii
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, in Anales Jard. Bot. Madrid 60(2): 459. 2003.
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Scrophulariaceae" genus="Celsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Celsia betonicifolia" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="betonicifolia">Celsia betonicifolia</taxonomicName>
=
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Scrophulariaceae" genus="Celsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Celsia betonicifolia" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="betonicifolia">Celsia betonicifolia</taxonomicName>
Desf., in Flora Atlantica 2: 58. 1798. Type: [Algeria]. In arvis in cultis Algeriae, [without date],
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="115">R. L. Desfontaines, s.n.</emphasis>
(Lectotype, designated by
<bibRefCitation author="Benedi, C" journalOrPublisher="Anales del Jardin Botanico de Madrid" pageId="0" pageNumber="115" pagination="458 - 461" refId="B14" refString="Benedi, C, 2003. Ajustes en tres endemismos de Verbascum L. (Adjustments in three endemisms of Verbascum L.). Anales del Jardin Botanico de Madrid 60 (2): 458 - 461" title="Ajustes en tres endemismos de Verbascum L. (Adjustments in three endemisms of Verbascum L.)." volume="60" year="2003">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Benedí">Benedi</normalizedToken>
2003
</bibRefCitation>
, pg. 459: P [P-DESF]!; isolectotype G [00439692]!).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="115">
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Scrophulariaceae" genus="Verbascum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Verbascum betonicifolium" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="betonicifolium">Verbascum betonicifolium</taxonomicName>
=
<taxonomicName class="Dicotyledoneae" family="Scrophulariaceae" genus="Verbascum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Verbascum betonicifolium" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="betonicifolium">Verbascum betonicifolium</taxonomicName>
(Desf.) Kunze, Revis. Gen. Pl.: 469. 1891, nom. illegit. non
<taxonomicName family="Scrophulariaceae" higherTaxonomySource="treatment-meta" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="V. betonicifolium" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="115" rank="species" species="betonicifolium">V. betonicifolium</taxonomicName>
Desf. in Ann. Mus. Natl. Hist. Nat. 11: 54. 1808.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="115">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Scrophulariaceae" genus="Ditoxia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ditoxia betonicifolia" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="betonicifolia">Ditoxia betonicifolia</taxonomicName>
=
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Scrophulariaceae" genus="Ditoxia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Ditoxia betonicifolia" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="betonicifolia">Ditoxia betonicifolia</taxonomicName>
(Desf.) Raf., Prec.
<normalizedToken originalValue="Découv">Decouv</normalizedToken>
. Somiol.: 40. 1814.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="115" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="115">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="115">
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Benedí">Benedi</normalizedToken>
(2003)
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indicated as a lectotype the Desfontaines collection kept at Herb. P [P-DESF] but he omitted to mention another sheet of this collection kept at Herb. G (image available at https://plants.jstor.org/stable/viewer/10.5555/al.ap.specimen.g00439692). According to
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.134793" author="Lasegue, A" journalOrPublisher="Librairie de Fortin, Masson et Cie, Paris" pageId="0" pageNumber="115" refId="B60" refString="Lasegue, A, 1845. Musee botanique de M. Benjamin Delessert: notices sur les collections de plantes et la bibliotheque qui le composent, contenant en outre des documents sur les principaux herbiers d'Europe et l'expose des voyages entrepris dans l'interet de la botanique. Librairie de Fortin, Masson et Cie, Paris, DOI: https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.134793" title="Musee botanique de M. Benjamin Delessert: notices sur les collections de plantes et la bibliotheque qui le composent, contenant en outre des documents sur les principaux herbiers d'Europe et l'expose des voyages entrepris dans l'interet de la botanique." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.134793" year="1845">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lasègue">Lasegue</normalizedToken>
(1845)
</bibRefCitation>
and
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.48631" author="Stafleu, FA" journalOrPublisher="Phytotaxa" pageId="0" pageNumber="115" refId="B106" refString="Stafleu, FA, Cowan, RS, 1976-1988. Taxonomic literature: A selective guide to botanical publications and collections with dates, commentaries and types, edition. 2 (Vol. 1-7). Bohn, Scheltema &amp; Holkema, Utrecht. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.48631" title="Taxonomic literature: A selective guide to botanical publications and collections with dates, commentaries and types, edition. 2 (Vol. 1 - 7). Bohn, Scheltema &amp; Holkema, Utrecht." url="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.48631" year="1976 - 1988">Stafleu and Cowan (1976-1988)</bibRefCitation>
, around 600 Flora Atlantica plants was given by Desfontaines to Lemonnier and was acquired by Delessert with the Lemonnier herbarium at Herb. G. In Herb. G we have traced one sheet, with barcode G00439692, that is stamped (Typus). This sample matches the collection locality in the protologue and it is the one that morphologically agrees best with the original description. This specimen bears two labels. The first has &quot;
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="115">Celsia betonicifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Desf., Fl. Atl. [
<normalizedToken originalValue="Desfontaines’">Desfontaines'</normalizedToken>
handwriting]&quot;; the second is a printed label including, name, locality, reference, and a short historical French comment, and is annotated &quot;R-L Desfontaines, Herbier de Barbarie /
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Scrophulariaceae" genus="Celsia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Celsia betonicifolia" order="Lamiales" pageId="0" pageNumber="115" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="betonicifolia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="115">Celsia betonicifolia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Desf. Loc: in arvis
<normalizedToken originalValue="ìnculus">inculus</normalizedToken>
Algeriae / Desf. Fl. Atl. II, P; 58, Tab. /
<normalizedToken originalValue="Série">Serie</normalizedToken>
de 600 nos
<normalizedToken originalValue="donnée">donnee</normalizedToken>
par Desfontaines
<normalizedToken originalValue="à">a</normalizedToken>
L.-G. Lemnier; acquise en 1803 par B. Delessert: revue en 1928 et 1829 par Desfontaines pour servir
<normalizedToken originalValue="à">a</normalizedToken>
illustrer les types
<normalizedToken originalValue="décrits">decrits</normalizedToken>
dans Flora Atlantica,
<normalizedToken originalValue="incorporé">incorpore</normalizedToken>
en 1916 dans la collection
<normalizedToken originalValue="générale">generale</normalizedToken>
de
<normalizedToken originalValue="l’Herbier">l'Herbier</normalizedToken>
Delessert.- Voyage
<normalizedToken originalValue="Lasègue">Lasegue</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="musée">musee</normalizedToken>
botanique de M. Benjamin Delessert. p 60&quot;.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>