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<document id="02E70C5FD33F27BEBC98EFD3830D3BB0" ID-DOI="10.11646/phytotaxa.449.3.6" ID-ISSN="1179-3163" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13877339" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="guilherme" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="guilherme" checkinTime="1727826801213" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="White, Dawson M." docDate="2020" docId="03FA90357A2EC66037C3EE6AD6D733AE" docLanguage="en" docName="phytotaxa.449.3.6.pdf" docOrigin="Phytotaxa 449 (3)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/phytotaxa.449.3.6" docStyle="DocumentStyle:96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9.13:Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleId="96748F8F1B6C902996E134952A3A36B9" docStyleName="Phytotaxa.2014-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="13" docTitle="Erythroxylum ulei var. escalerense D. M. White 2020, var. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="1" lastPageNumber="285" masterDocId="FFC3E84D7A2CC666374BEA5ED4053002" masterDocTitle="A new variety of Erythroxylum ulei from the Cordillera Escalera of Peru (Archerythroxylum, Erythroxylaceae)" masterLastPageNumber="286" masterPageNumber="279" pageNumber="281" updateTime="1732286053649" updateUser="guilherme" zenodo-license-figures="UNSPECIFIED" zenodo-license-treatments="UNSPECIFIED">
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<mods:titleInfo id="7DD4BDD574984B268015517605A61E64">
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<mods:title id="6416478C40D04215C8EDD84259FE4811">A new variety of Erythroxylum ulei from the Cordillera Escalera of Peru (Archerythroxylum, Erythroxylaceae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="389F1865B6A9DE03F239F5BCA2C4F5CB">White, Dawson M.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="AD3A55A0867843053169A9B3A51D5BB4">Phytotaxa</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="43D582E7E1CA8FAE59CE7FF4AA11BDC8">2020</mods:date>
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<mods:number id="515C32F062A26725EFF39B2134715363">2020-06-23</mods:number>
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<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A2EC66437C3EE6AD6AB344C" ID-CoL="5NTV5" authority="D. M. White" authorityName="D. M. White" authorityYear="2020" box="[136,686,1076,1103]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="ulei" status="var. nov." variety="escalerense">
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<emphasis id="B927FD317A2EC66437C3EE6AD559344D" bold="true" box="[136,348,1076,1103]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Erythroxylum ulei</emphasis>
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var.
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<emphasis id="B927FD317A2EC66436DEEE6AD61C344D" bold="true" box="[405,537,1076,1103]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">escalerense</emphasis>
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D. M. White
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,
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Type:—
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<collectingCountry id="F34461B37A2EC6643433EE6BD7C6344D" box="[888,963,1077,1103]" name="Peru" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">PERU</collectingCountry>
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.
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: Cordillera Escalera,
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<collectingCounty id="628D59AF7A2EC6643242EE6AD5043470" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Provincia Alto Amazonas</collectingCounty>
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,
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: Bosque a orillas del
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,
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<collectingDate id="EFA9FE0B7A2EC6643206EE06D4C53494" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" value="2013-09-18">18 Sept. 2013</collectingDate>
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(fl, fr),
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<collectorName id="26A644F57A2EC6643651EE23D5AE3495" box="[282,427,1149,1175]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Marcos Ríos</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName id="26A644F57A2EC66436FDEE23D6283494" box="[438,557,1149,1174]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Tony Mori</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName id="26A644F57A2EC6643572EE22D6B83494" box="[569,701,1148,1174]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">David Neill</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName id="26A644F57A2EC6643582EE23D74F3494" box="[713,842,1149,1174]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Luis Torres</collectorName>
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,
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<collectorName id="26A644F57A2EC664341DEE22D0373494" box="[854,1074,1148,1174]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Corine Vriesendorp</collectorName>
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3080
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</emphasis>
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(
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:
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!
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,
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:
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!,
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!,
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<materialsCitation id="3B3B2B7E7A2EC6643517EEFED6A234B8" box="[604,679,1184,1210]" collectingDate="2013-09-18" collectionCode="MOL" collectorName="Marcos Rios & Tony Mori & David Neill & Luis Torres & Corine Vriesendorp" country="Peru" county="Provincia Alto Amazonas" elevation="267" latitude="-5.8894444" location="Rio Cachiyacu" longLatPrecision="15" longitude="-76.60436" municipality="Distrito Balsapuerto" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Loreto" typeStatus="isotype">
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!
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,
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<figureCitation id="13683DA67A2EC66435F9EEFED6FB34B8" box="[690,766,1184,1210]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1910,1932]" captionTargetBox="[165,1424,196,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-15@3.[151,1435,187,1883]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. E. ulei var. escalerense A) Habitat of E. ulei var. escalerense, Rio Cachiyacu at base of the Cordillera Escalera range, Loreto, Peru. B) Flowering and fruiting branchlet. C) Leaves. Bar = 10 mm. D) Fruit detail, notice apparent pubescence. E) Young foliar stipule; mature stipules are larger but frequently lose setae. F) Flower detail. Bar = 10 mm. Photo credits: A=Alvaro del Campo; B,D,E = David Neill; C,F=Dawson White." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13877341" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13877341/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Figs. 1</figureCitation>
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,
|
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<figureCitation id="13683DA67A2EC6643447EEFED71834B8" box="[780,797,1184,1210]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="4.[136,229,1439,1461]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,187,1412]" captionTargetId="figure-27@4.[151,1436,187,1412]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 2. Habit of E. ulei var. escalerense. Bar = 50 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13877343" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13877343/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">2</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C34972A87A2EC66437C3EEBFD1303546" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" type="diagnosis">
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<paragraph id="8BEC21237A2EC66437C3EEBFD1303546" blockId="2.[136,1452,1249,1348]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">
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<emphasis id="B927FD317A2EC66437C3EEBFD50034F9" bold="true" box="[136,261,1249,1275]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Diagnosis:</emphasis>
|
||||
—
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A2EC664366AEEBCD62634F9" authorityName="D. M. White" authorityYear="2020" box="[289,547,1249,1276]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="ulei" variety="escalerense">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A2EC664366AEEBCD56F34F9" box="[289,362,1249,1275]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">E. ulei</emphasis>
|
||||
var.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A2EC66436EAEEBFD62634F9" box="[417,547,1249,1275]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">escalerense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is similar to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A2EC66435FFEEBCD6F834F9" authorityName="O. E. Schulz" authorityYear="1907" box="[692,765,1249,1275]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ulei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A2EC66435FFEEBCD6F834F9" box="[692,765,1249,1275]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">E. ulei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A2EC664347FEEBCD7B034F9" authorityName="Plowman" authorityYear="1984" box="[820,949,1249,1275]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="schunkei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A2EC664347FEEBCD7B034F9" box="[820,949,1249,1275]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">E. schunkei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in having stipules with two elongated lateral setae, evergreen leaves with foliicolous lichens, and ovoid fruits, but differs by its smaller (
|
||||
<quantity id="4CAB8CC67A2EC664333EEF5BD0EA3522" box="[1141,1263,1285,1312]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.95" metricValueMax="5.3" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" unit="mm" value="39.5" valueMax="53.0" valueMin="26.0">26–53 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long ×
|
||||
<quantity id="4CAB8CC67A2EC6643209EF58D1A93522" box="[1346,1452,1286,1312]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" unit="mm" value="11.0" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="8.0">8–14 mm</quantity>
|
||||
wide), narrowly elliptic to lanceolate leaves which are not strongly bifacial and revolute margins (
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6D114987A2EC664339BEF77D12D3546" box="[1232,1320,1321,1348]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1386,1412]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="TABLE 2. Morphological comparison of E. schunkei, E. ulei, and E. ulei var. escalerense." pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<caption id="DF2C71AB7A2EC66437C3EF34D07B3587" box="[136,1150,1386,1413]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" startId="2.[136,229,1386,1412]" targetBox="[147,1435,1438,2063]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="2" targetType="table">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BEC21237A2EC66437C3EF34D07B3587" blockId="2.[136,1150,1386,1413]" box="[136,1150,1386,1413]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A2EC66437C3EF34D5043587" bold="true" box="[136,257,1386,1413]" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">TABLE 2.</emphasis>
|
||||
Morphological comparison of
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A2EC6643516EF32D7683587" box="[605,877,1387,1413]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A2EC6643516EF32D6E43587" authorityName="Plowman" authorityYear="1984" box="[605,737,1387,1413]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="schunkei">E. schunkei</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A2EC66435A7EF32D7323587" authorityName="O. E. Schulz" authorityYear="1907" box="[748,823,1387,1413]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ulei">E. ulei</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A2EC664343FEF32D07F3587" authorityName="D. M. White" authorityYear="2020" box="[884,1146,1387,1413]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="285" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="ulei" variety="escalerense">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A2EC664343FEF32D7BB3587" box="[884,958,1387,1413]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">E. ulei</emphasis>
|
||||
var. escalerense
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BEC21237A2EC66436C7EFC1D0F7380D" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">
|
||||
<table id="F953D3837A2E399937D8EFC0D19E380D" box="[147,1435,1438,2063]" gridcols="4" gridrows="8" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">
|
||||
<tr id="356323617A2E399937D8EFC0D19E35B6" box="[147,1435,1438,1460]" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" rowspan-0="1">
|
||||
<th id="76B24A1D7A2E399936C7EFC0D6C835B6" box="[396,717,1438,1460]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A2EC66436C7EFC1D60435B6" authorityName="Plowman" authorityYear="1984" box="[396,513,1438,1460]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="schunkei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A2EC66436C7EFC1D60435B6" bold="true" box="[396,513,1438,1460]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">E. schunkei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th id="76B24A1D7A2E399935BBEFC0D04435B6" box="[752,1089,1438,1460]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A2EC66435BBEFC1D73435B6" authorityName="O. E. Schulz" authorityYear="1907" box="[752,817,1438,1460]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ulei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A2EC66435BBEFC1D73435B6" bold="true" box="[752,817,1438,1460]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">E. ulei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th id="76B24A1D7A2E39993313EFC0D19E35B6" box="[1112,1435,1438,1460]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A2EC6643313EFC1D12335B6" authority="Leaf" authorityName="Leaf" box="[1112,1318,1438,1460]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="281" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="ulei" variety="escalerense">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A2EC6643313EFC1D12335B6" bold="true" box="[1112,1318,1438,1460]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">E. ulei v. escalerense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="356323617A2E399937D8EF85D19E3617" box="[147,1435,1499,1557]" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">
|
||||
<th id="76B24A1D7A2E399937D8EF85D5713617" box="[147,372,1499,1557]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Leaf shape</th>
|
||||
<td id="76B24A1D7A2E399936C7EF85D6C83617" box="[396,717,1499,1557]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">lanceolate to oblong elliptic</td>
|
||||
<td id="76B24A1D7A2E399935BBEF85D0443617" box="[752,1089,1499,1557]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">ovate to broadly elliptic, rarely lanceolate</td>
|
||||
<td id="76B24A1D7A2E39993313EF85D19E3617" box="[1112,1435,1499,1557]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">lanceolate to narrowly elliptic</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="356323617A2E399937D8EC65D19E3653" box="[147,1435,1595,1617]" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">
|
||||
<th id="76B24A1D7A2E399937D8EC65D5713653" box="[147,372,1595,1617]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Leaf size</th>
|
||||
<td id="76B24A1D7A2E399936C7EC65D6C83653" box="[396,717,1595,1617]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">30–55 mm long, 10–21 mm wide</td>
|
||||
<td id="76B24A1D7A2E399935BBEC65D0443653" box="[752,1089,1595,1617]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">34–82 mm long, 16.5–39 mm wide</td>
|
||||
<td id="76B24A1D7A2E39993313EC65D19E3653" box="[1112,1435,1595,1617]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">26–53 mm long, 8–14 mm wide</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="356323617A2E399937D8EC2AD19E36D0" box="[147,1435,1652,1746]" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">
|
||||
<th id="76B24A1D7A2E399937D8EC2AD57136D0" box="[147,372,1652,1746]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Leaf lamina color</th>
|
||||
<td id="76B24A1D7A2E399936C7EC2AD6C836D0" box="[396,717,1652,1746]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">bifacial; dark gray-green and shiny above and ochreous green and dull below</td>
|
||||
<td id="76B24A1D7A2E399935BBEC2AD04436D0" box="[752,1089,1652,1746]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">bifacial; gray-green to dark green above and pallid below</td>
|
||||
<td id="76B24A1D7A2E39993313EC2AD19E36D0" box="[1112,1435,1652,1746]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">green above and light green below</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="356323617A2E399937D8ECA7D19E3731" box="[147,1435,1785,1843]" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">
|
||||
<th id="76B24A1D7A2E399937D8ECA7D5713731" box="[147,372,1785,1843]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Adaxial midrib</th>
|
||||
<td id="76B24A1D7A2E399936C7ECA7D6C83731" box="[396,717,1785,1843]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">sharply acute in cross section</td>
|
||||
<td id="76B24A1D7A2E399935BBECA7D0443731" box="[752,1089,1785,1843]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">slightly raised, blunt, or broadly acute in cross section</td>
|
||||
<td id="76B24A1D7A2E39993313ECA7D19E3731" box="[1112,1435,1785,1843]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">slightly raised, broadly acute in cross section</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="356323617A2E399937D8ED04D19E3772" box="[147,1435,1882,1904]" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">
|
||||
<th id="76B24A1D7A2E399937D8ED04D5713772" box="[147,372,1882,1904]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Leaf margin</th>
|
||||
<td id="76B24A1D7A2E399936C7ED04D6C83772" box="[396,717,1882,1904]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">undulate, not revolute</td>
|
||||
<td id="76B24A1D7A2E399935BBED04D0443772" box="[752,1089,1882,1904]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">plane, somewhat revolute</td>
|
||||
<td id="76B24A1D7A2E39993313ED04D19E3772" box="[1112,1435,1882,1904]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">plane, revolute</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="356323617A2E399937D8EDC9D19E37D3" box="[147,1435,1943,2001]" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">
|
||||
<th id="76B24A1D7A2E399937D8EDC9D57137D3" box="[147,372,1943,2001]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Lateral stipular setae</th>
|
||||
<td id="76B24A1D7A2E399936C7EDC9D6C837D3" box="[396,717,1943,2001]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">stout, terete, persistent, 2–5 mm long</td>
|
||||
<td id="76B24A1D7A2E399935BBEDC9D04437D3" box="[752,1089,1943,2001]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">slender, flattened, evanescent, 0.5–0.8 mm long</td>
|
||||
<td id="76B24A1D7A2E39993313EDC9D19E37D3" box="[1112,1435,1943,2001]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">slender, flattened, evanescent, 0.5 mm long</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="356323617A2E399937D8EDA7D19E380D" box="[147,1435,2041,2063]" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">
|
||||
<th id="76B24A1D7A2E399937D8EDA7D571380D" box="[147,372,2041,2063]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">Margin of staminal cup</th>
|
||||
<td id="76B24A1D7A2E399936C7EDA7D6C8380D" box="[396,717,2041,2063]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">irregularly 10-crenate</td>
|
||||
<td id="76B24A1D7A2E399935BBEDA7D044380D" box="[752,1089,2041,2063]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">truncate (entire)</td>
|
||||
<td id="76B24A1D7A2E39993313EDA7D19E380D" box="[1112,1435,2041,2063]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="281">truncate (entire)</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF2C71AB7A2FC66537C3ED28D58937FA" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13877341" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13877341" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13877341/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="282" startId="3.[136,229,1910,1932]" targetBox="[165,1424,196,1875]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BEC21237A2FC66537C3ED28D58937FA" blockId="3.[136,1452,1910,2040]" pageId="3" pageNumber="282">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A2FC66537C3ED28D4F83789" bold="true" box="[136,253,1910,1932]" pageId="3" pageNumber="282">FIGURE 1.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A2FC6653648ED29D5DA3789" box="[259,479,1910,1932]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="282" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="ulei" variety="escalerense">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A2FC6653648ED29D5443789" box="[259,321,1910,1932]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="282">E. ulei</emphasis>
|
||||
var.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A2FC665363BED28D5DA3789" box="[368,479,1910,1931]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="282">escalerense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
A) Habitat of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A2FC6653523ED29D7D8378E" authority=", Rio Cachiyacu" authorityName="Rio Cachiyacu" box="[616,989,1910,1932]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="282" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="ulei" variety="escalerense">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A2FC6653523ED29D6A33789" box="[616,678,1910,1932]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="282">E. ulei</emphasis>
|
||||
var.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A2FC665359EED28D7413789" box="[725,836,1910,1931]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="282">escalerense</emphasis>
|
||||
, Rio Cachiyacu
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
at base of the Cordillera Escalera range, Loreto, Peru. B) Flowering and fruiting branchlet. C) Leaves. Bar = 10 mm. D) Fruit detail, notice apparent pubescence. E) Young foliar stipule; mature stipules are larger but frequently lose setae. F) Flower detail. Bar = 10 mm. Photo credits: A=Alvaro del Campo; B,D,E = David Neill; C,F=Dawson White.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF2C71AB7A28C66237C3EFC1D6CD35B7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13877343" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13877343" box="[136,712,1439,1461]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13877343/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="283" startId="4.[136,229,1439,1461]" targetBox="[151,1436,187,1412]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BEC21237A28C66237C3EFC1D6CD35B7" blockId="4.[136,712,1439,1461]" box="[136,712,1439,1461]" pageId="4" pageNumber="283">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A28C66237C3EFC1D4FB35B6" bold="true" box="[136,254,1439,1461]" pageId="4" pageNumber="283">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||||
Habit of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A28C6623612EFFED63C35B6" box="[345,569,1439,1461]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="4" pageNumber="283" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="ulei" variety="escalerense">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A28C6623612EFFED59235B6" box="[345,407,1439,1461]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="283">E. ulei</emphasis>
|
||||
var.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A28C662368CEFC1D63C35B6" box="[455,569,1439,1460]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="283">escalerense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A28C6623572EFC1D63835B6" box="[569,573,1439,1460]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="283">.</emphasis>
|
||||
Bar = 50 mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C34972A87A28C66337F6EFBDD01B314B" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="284" pageId="4" pageNumber="283" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BEC21237A28C66337F6EFBDD01B314B" blockId="4.[136,1452,1507,2075]" lastBlockId="5.[136,1452,158,941]" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="284" pageId="4" pageNumber="283">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A28C66237F6EFBDD55435FF" bold="true" box="[189,337,1507,1533]" pageId="4" pageNumber="283">Description:</emphasis>
|
||||
—
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A28C6623626EFBAD5B535FC" box="[365,432,1508,1534]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="283">Shrub</emphasis>
|
||||
<quantity id="4CAB8CC67A28C66236F1EFBAD5FA35FC" box="[442,511,1508,1535]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="283" unit="m" value="1.5">1.5 m</quantity>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A28C6623545EFBAD68235FC" box="[526,647,1508,1534]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="283">Branchlets</emphasis>
|
||||
compressed, 1.0 mm by 1.0–
|
||||
<quantity id="4CAB8CC67A28C66234A8EFBAD03F35FC" box="[995,1082,1508,1534]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" pageId="4" pageNumber="283" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
|
||||
wide, greenish-brown in young branchlets, drying-reddish brown, lenticels elliptic.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A28C6623585EC56D7423620" box="[718,839,1544,1570]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="283">Cataphylls</emphasis>
|
||||
persistent, occasionally forming ramenta near ends of shoots, similar to stipules, chartaceous.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A28C6623505EC72D6F03644" box="[590,757,1580,1606]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="283">Foliar stipules</emphasis>
|
||||
distichous, erect, triangular,
|
||||
<quantity id="4CAB8CC67A28C662330AEC72D0CF3644" box="[1089,1226,1580,1606]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="1.8" metricValueMin="1.2" pageId="4" pageNumber="283" unit="mm" value="1.5" valueMax="1.8" valueMin="1.2">1.2–1.8 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long, membranous, nonstriate, green, drying light brown, apex obtuse, with 2 erect setae
|
||||
<quantity id="4CAB8CC67A28C66234DDEC0ED7E83668" box="[918,1005,1616,1643]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="283" unit="mm" value="0.5">0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long extending from two dorsal ridges, third apical seta shorter and usually absent margin entire, scarious in young stipules.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A28C662332BEC2BD0AB368C" box="[1120,1198,1653,1678]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="283">Leaves</emphasis>
|
||||
persistent, distichous, short-petiolate, laminas narrowly elliptic,
|
||||
<quantity id="4CAB8CC67A28C6623521ECC6D6E336B0" box="[618,742,1688,1715]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.95" metricValueMax="5.3" metricValueMin="2.6" pageId="4" pageNumber="283" unit="mm" value="39.5" valueMax="53.0" valueMin="26.0">26–53 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long,
|
||||
<quantity id="4CAB8CC67A28C6623479ECC6D7A536B0" box="[818,928,1688,1714]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="0.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="283" unit="mm" value="11.0" valueMax="14.0" valueMin="8.0">8–14 mm</quantity>
|
||||
wide, base cuneate, apically acute to obtuse, mucronulate with mucron
|
||||
<quantity id="4CAB8CC67A28C66236FDECE2D64436D4" box="[438,577,1724,1751]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="283" unit="mm" value="0.35" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.2">0.2–0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
, the upper surface smooth, dark green, adaxial midrib light green, sulcate to slightly raised, the lower surface light green, not bilineate or with areole, mixed eucamptodromous venation with 20–40% of secondary nerves forming brochiodromous arches, the secondary nerves 6–9, more distinct on upper surface than lower surface.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A28C66236F1ED76D60C3740" box="[442,521,1832,1858]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="283">Petiole</emphasis>
|
||||
<quantity id="4CAB8CC67A28C662355BED76D6923740" box="[528,663,1832,1859]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.85" metricValueMax="3.2" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="283" unit="mm" value="2.85" valueMax="3.2" valueMin="2.5">2.5–3.2 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long, adaxially canaliculate, drying dark brown.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A28C66233F2ED76D1103740" box="[1209,1301,1832,1858]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="283">Flowers</emphasis>
|
||||
few, axillary, sequentially one per node.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A28C66236FAED12D62C3764" box="[433,553,1868,1894]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="283">Bracteoles</emphasis>
|
||||
<quantity id="4CAB8CC67A28C6623564ED12D6B03764" box="[559,693,1868,1894]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.15" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="0.9" pageId="4" pageNumber="283" unit="mm" value="1.15" valueMax="1.4" valueMin="0.9">0.9–1.4 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long, triangular ovate, 1-keeled, apex acute, 1-setulose, seta
|
||||
<quantity id="4CAB8CC67A28C662321CED12D4B23788" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="283" unit="mm" value="0.3" valueMax="0.4" valueMin="0.2">0.2–0.4 mm</quantity>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A28C6623789ED2ED5133788" box="[194,278,1904,1930]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="283">Pedicel</emphasis>
|
||||
<quantity id="4CAB8CC67A28C6623656ED2ED5A13788" box="[285,420,1904,1930]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.95" metricValueMax="3.1" metricValueMin="2.8" pageId="4" pageNumber="283" unit="mm" value="2.95" valueMax="3.1" valueMin="2.8">2.8–3.1 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long in flower, 5.0 mm long in fruit, diameter increasing in size from
|
||||
<quantity id="4CAB8CC67A28C66233F1ED2ED1153788" box="[1210,1296,1904,1930]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="283" unit="mm" value="0.4">0.4 mm</quantity>
|
||||
at base to
|
||||
<quantity id="4CAB8CC67A28C66232C3ED2ED4B137AC" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="283" unit="mm" value="0.6">0.6 mm</quantity>
|
||||
at tip, 5-ribbed.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A28C6623621EDCAD5AE37AC" box="[362,427,1940,1966]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="283">Calyx</emphasis>
|
||||
<quantity id="4CAB8CC67A28C66236FAEDCAD60337AC" box="[433,518,1940,1967]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="283" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long, divided to 2/3 its length, the lobes
|
||||
<quantity id="4CAB8CC67A28C662348DEDCAD00337AC" box="[966,1030,1940,1966]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="283" unit="mm" value="1.0">1 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long, triangular to lanceolate, slightly acuminate at apex.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A28C6623617EDE6D59237D0" box="[348,407,1976,2002]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="283">Petal</emphasis>
|
||||
lamina oblong, slightly concave, ca. 2.0 mm long (excluding claw), 1.0 mm wide, the claw ca. 1.0 mm long, the ligule bilobed,
|
||||
<quantity id="4CAB8CC67A28C66236B1ED82D68437F4" box="[506,641,2012,2038]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.4" metricValueMax="1.7" metricValueMin="1.1" pageId="4" pageNumber="283" unit="mm" value="1.4" valueMax="1.7" valueMin="1.1">1.1–1.7 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long, forming tube around stamens, with labiate anterior auricle at base of lobes.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A28C66237BAE25ED5893818" box="[241,396,2048,2074]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="283">Staminal tube</emphasis>
|
||||
shorter than calyx, ca. 1.0 mm tall, margin smooth.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A28C6623496E25ED0E53818" box="[989,1248,2048,2074]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="283">Brachystylous flowers:</emphasis>
|
||||
filaments
|
||||
<quantity id="4CAB8CC67A28C663321CE25ED4B130BB" lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="284" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.65" metricValueMax="2.8" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="4" pageNumber="283" unit="mm" value="2.65" valueMax="2.8" valueMin="2.5">2.5–2.8 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long, the anthers ovate to elliptic, ca. 035 mm long; styles 1.0–
|
||||
<quantity id="4CAB8CC67A29C663343EEAC0D7CF30BB" box="[885,970,158,185]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long, free; stigmas capitellate,
|
||||
<quantity id="4CAB8CC67A29C663326EEAC0D1A930BB" box="[1317,1452,158,185]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" unit="mm" value="0.25" valueMax="0.3" valueMin="0.2">0.2–0.3 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A29C6633781EA9CD5D230DE" box="[202,471,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">Dolichostylous flowers:</emphasis>
|
||||
unknown.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A29C6633512EA9DD69A30DF" box="[601,671,195,221]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">Ovary</emphasis>
|
||||
oblongoid, 1.0–
|
||||
<quantity id="4CAB8CC67A29C6633416EA9CD7B630DF" box="[861,947,194,221]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" unit="mm" value="1.1">1.1 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long, equal or slightly longer than staminal tube.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A29C6633782EAB9D5143102" box="[201,273,231,256]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">Drupe</emphasis>
|
||||
elliptic or slightly ovate, tapering to obtuse apex, purple, the endocarp ovoid-elliptic, semiterete, apex acute and trigonous, 6.0–7.0 mm long and 4.0 mm in diameter, 3-locular, two of the locules empty and almost obsolete, the fertile locule elliptic in cross-section, the endosperm occupying>80% of area.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C34972A87A29C66337F6EB0CD7AD3193" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" type="etymology">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BEC21237A29C66337F6EB0CD7AD3193" blockId="5.[136,1452,158,941]" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A29C66337F6EB0CD54D316E" bold="true" box="[189,328,338,364]" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">Etymology:</emphasis>
|
||||
—The varietal epithet is derived from the collection locality in the hope that it will draw attention to the biological diversity of the understudied Cordillera Escalera of
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F34461B37A29C6633426EB29D7A13193" box="[877,932,375,401]" name="Peru" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C34972A87A29C66337F6EBC4D62A3222" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BEC21237A29C66337F6EBC4D62A3222" blockId="5.[136,1452,158,941]" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A29C66337F6EBC4D55C31B6" bold="true" box="[189,345,410,436]" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">Distribution:</emphasis>
|
||||
—Cordillera Escalera,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4997EFC17A29C6633512EBC5D6A231B7" box="[601,679,411,437]" country="Peru" name="Loreto" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">Loreto</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F34461B37A29C66335F9EBC5D6E031B7" box="[690,741,411,437]" name="Peru" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(only one locality). The shrub was found at the forest’s edge on the sandy, seasonally-inundated bank of the Rio Cachiyacu (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13683DA67A29C663347BEBE0D77B31DA" box="[816,894,446,472]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1910,1932]" captionTargetBox="[165,1424,196,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-15@3.[151,1435,187,1883]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. E. ulei var. escalerense A) Habitat of E. ulei var. escalerense, Rio Cachiyacu at base of the Cordillera Escalera range, Loreto, Peru. B) Flowering and fruiting branchlet. C) Leaves. Bar = 10 mm. D) Fruit detail, notice apparent pubescence. E) Young foliar stipule; mature stipules are larger but frequently lose setae. F) Flower detail. Bar = 10 mm. Photo credits: A=Alvaro del Campo; B,D,E = David Neill; C,F=Dawson White." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13877341" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13877341/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">Fig. 1a</figureCitation>
|
||||
) by the Field Museum of Natural History’s Rapid Inventory team. No seedlings were found but there was copious fruit set with normal embryo and endosperm tissue development in this single individual.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C34972A87A29C66037F6E874D6D733AE" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="285" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BEC21237A29C66337F6E874D10D33AE" blockId="5.[136,1452,158,941]" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A29C66337F6E874D54D3246" bold="true" box="[189,328,554,580]" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">Comments:</emphasis>
|
||||
—While field biologists and ecologists can frequently identify
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A29C66334BAE874D08F3246" authorityName="Browne" authorityYear="1756" box="[1009,1162,554,580]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A29C66334BAE874D08F3246" box="[1009,1162,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">Erythroxylum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
to the genus level, specific determination in this group is significantly more challenging due to the importance of a handful of morphological characters based primarily on stipule, cataphyll, leaf, flower and fruit organs. Upon viewing photos of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A29C6633266E82DD50F32B2" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="ulei" variety="escalerense">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A29C6633266E82DD17D328E" box="[1325,1400,626,652]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">E. ulei</emphasis>
|
||||
var.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A29C66337C3E8C8D50F32B2" box="[136,266,662,688]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">escalerense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, it was hypothesized to be an undescribed due to the color, size, and shape of leaves; quite distinct from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A29C66332D8E8C9D4B732D6" authorityName="O. E. Schulz" authorityYear="1907" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ulei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A29C66332D8E8C9D4B732D6" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">E. ulei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
or any other Andes/
|
||||
<location id="8E8C77F87A29C66336DEE8E4D64632D6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03FA90357A2EC66037C3EE6AD6D733AE:8E8C77F87A29C66336DEE8E4D64632D6" box="[405,579,698,724]" country="Peru" name="Amazon region" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" stateProvince="Ucayali">Amazon region</location>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A29C6633501E8E4D6E632D6" authorityName="Browne" authorityYear="1756" box="[586,739,698,724]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A29C6633501E8E4D6E632D6" box="[586,739,698,724]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">Erythroxylum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<collectorName id="26A644F57A29C66335B9E8E4D72E32D6" box="[754,811,698,724]" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">Pers.</collectorName>
|
||||
obs.;
|
||||
<collectorName id="26A644F57A29C6633425E8E5D7CD32D6" box="[878,968,698,725]" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">D. Neill</collectorName>
|
||||
&
|
||||
<collectorName id="26A644F57A29C66334A1E8E4D09632D7" box="[1002,1171,698,725]" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">A. Jara Muñoz</collectorName>
|
||||
, pers. comm.). However, other organs, including the stipules, as well as flower and fruit morphology are within the variation exhibited by
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A29C66337C3E95DD4D1331E" authorityName="O. E. Schulz" authorityYear="1907" box="[136,212,770,796]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ulei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A29C66337C3E95DD4D1331E" box="[136,212,770,796]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">E. ulei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The other similar species,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A29C663355EE95DD6A5331E" box="[533,672,770,796]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A29C663355EE95DD699331E" authorityName="Plowman" authorityYear="1984" box="[533,668,770,796]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="schunkei">E. schunkei</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
a nearby regional endemic from the lowland forests of the
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4997EFC17A29C663321FE95CD1AE331E" box="[1364,1451,770,796]" country="Peru" name="Ucayali" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">Ucayali</collectingRegion>
|
||||
Department of
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F34461B37A29C663367EE979D56E3343" box="[309,363,807,833]" name="Peru" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, is easily distinguished from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A29C66335F7E979D7023342" authorityName="O. E. Schulz" authorityYear="1907" box="[700,775,806,832]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ulei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A29C66335F7E979D7023342" box="[700,775,806,832]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">E. ulei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by the stout, persistent, and long (
|
||||
<quantity id="4CAB8CC67A29C66333DDE978D0FD3342" box="[1174,1272,806,833]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" unit="mm" value="3.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="2.0">2–5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
) lateral stipular setae. The leaves of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A29C6633621E915D5EF3366" authorityName="Plowman" authorityYear="1984" box="[362,490,842,868]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="schunkei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A29C6633621E915D5EF3366" box="[362,490,842,868]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">E. schunkei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are more similar to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A29C6633581E915D7163366" authorityName="O. E. Schulz" authorityYear="1907" box="[714,787,842,868]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ulei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A29C6633581E915D7163366" box="[714,787,842,868]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">E. ulei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in their size, shape, and bifacial coloring not seen in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A29C6633228E915D539338A" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="ulei" variety="escalerense">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A29C6633228E915D1AE3366" box="[1379,1451,842,868]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">E. ulei</emphasis>
|
||||
var.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A29C66337F1E930D539338A" box="[186,316,878,904]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">escalerense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<tableCitation id="C6D114987A29C6633600E930D5A0338A" box="[331,421,878,904]" captionStart="TABLE 2" captionStartId="2.[136,229,1386,1412]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="TABLE 2. Morphological comparison of E. schunkei, E. ulei, and E. ulei var. escalerense." pageId="5" pageNumber="284">Table 2</tableCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC25CD27A29C66336F9E930D658338A" author="Plowman, T." box="[434,605,878,904]" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" pagination="117 - 143" refId="ref4793" refString="Plowman, T. (1984) New taxa of Erythroxylum (Erythroxylaceae) from the Amazon basin. Acta Amazonica 14: 117 - 143. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / 1809 - 43921984145143" type="journal article" year="1984">Plowman 1984</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). If more
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A29C6633599E931D7DC338A" box="[722,985,878,905]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="ulei" variety="escalerense">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A29C6633599E931D718338A" box="[722,797,878,904]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">E. ulei</emphasis>
|
||||
var.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A29C663341CE930D7DC338A" box="[855,985,878,904]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">escalerense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
individuals were examined and found to have close morphology to the
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54E89F817A29C6633691E9CDD60F33AF" box="[474,522,915,941]" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
specimen, this taxon could warrant elevation to the level of species.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF2C71AB7A29C66337C3ED54D593376B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13877345" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13877345" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13877345/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" startId="5.[136,229,1802,1824]" targetBox="[206,1388,973,1767]" targetPageId="5" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BEC21237A29C66337C3ED54D593376B" blockId="5.[136,1452,1802,1897]" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A29C66337C3ED54D4FB371D" bold="true" box="[136,254,1802,1824]" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||||
Phylogenetic relationships of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A29C663356FED55D6663722" authorityName="O. E. Schulz" authorityYear="1907" box="[548,611,1803,1824]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ulei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A29C663356FED55D6663722" box="[548,611,1803,1824]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">E. ulei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and close relatives based on ASTRAL summary tree of 544 gene trees. This clade was extracted from a larger phylogenetic inference including 203
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A29C66335A4ED71D7893747" box="[751,908,1839,1861]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Erythroxylaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species. Node labels show local posterior probability; branch lengths are arbitrary.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BEC21237A29C66037F6EDC9D635314A" blockId="5.[136,1452,1943,2078]" lastBlockId="6.[136,1452,158,941]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="285" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">
|
||||
The molecular phylogenomic hypothesis also supports the close relationship of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A29C6633377EDC6D08037B3" authorityName="O. E. Schulz" authorityYear="1907" box="[1084,1157,1943,1969]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ulei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A29C6633377EDC6D08037B3" box="[1084,1157,1943,1969]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">E. ulei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A29C66333E2EDC6D1A937B3" box="[1193,1452,1943,1970]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="ulei" variety="escalerense">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A29C66333E2EDC6D0F737B3" box="[1193,1266,1943,1969]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">E. ulei</emphasis>
|
||||
var.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A29C6633261EDC9D1A937B3" box="[1322,1452,1943,1969]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">escalerense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
with strong support, with the Escalera
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A29C6633503EDE5D6D837D7" box="[584,733,1979,2005]" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" rank="variety" variety="being">variety being</taxonomicName>
|
||||
more closely related to the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A29C663336FEDE2D07537D7" authorityName="O. E. Schulz" authorityYear="1907" box="[1060,1136,1979,2005]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ulei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A29C663336FEDE2D07537D7" box="[1060,1136,1979,2005]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">E. ulei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sample (501) from
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F34461B37A29C6633212EDE5D1AE37D7" box="[1369,1451,1979,2005]" name="Bolivia" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">Bolivia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
than to the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A29C6633647EDBED55D37FB" authorityName="O. E. Schulz" authorityYear="1907" box="[268,344,2015,2041]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ulei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A29C6633647EDBED55D37FB" box="[268,344,2015,2041]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">E. ulei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
sample (509) from
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F34461B37A29C663350BED81D6AB37FB" box="[576,686,2015,2041]" name="Colombia" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">Colombia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13683DA67A29C66335F4ED81D72137FB" box="[703,804,2015,2041]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="5.[136,229,1802,1824]" captionTargetBox="[206,1388,973,1767]" captionTargetId="figure-393@5.[151,1435,965,1777]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 3. Phylogenetic relationships of E. ulei and close relatives based on ASTRAL summary tree of 544 gene trees. This clade was extracted from a larger phylogenetic inference including 203 Erythroxylaceae species. Node labels show local posterior probability; branch lengths are arbitrary." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13877345" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13877345/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A29C6633470ED81D04537FB" authorityName="Plowman" authorityYear="1984" box="[827,1088,2015,2041]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="schunkei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A29C6633470ED81D04537FB" box="[827,1088,2015,2041]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">Erythroxylum schunkei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is sister to this species, a close relationship hypothesized by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC25CD27A29C6633699E25DD68B381F" author="Plowman, T." box="[466,654,2051,2077]" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" pagination="117 - 143" refId="ref4793" refString="Plowman, T. (1984) New taxa of Erythroxylum (Erythroxylaceae) from the Amazon basin. Acta Amazonica 14: 117 - 143. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / 1809 - 43921984145143" type="journal article" year="1984">Plowman (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
based on its close morphology. Given the large geographic range of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A29C66032D8E25AD4B730BA" authorityName="O. E. Schulz" authorityYear="1907" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="285" order="Malpighiales" pageId="5" pageNumber="284" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ulei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A29C66032D8E25AD4B730BA" italics="true" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="285" pageId="5" pageNumber="284">E. ulei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and the very restricted range of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A2AC660356DEAC1D72930BA" box="[550,812,158,185]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="ulei" variety="escalerense">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A2AC660356DEAC1D67530BA" box="[550,624,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">E. ulei</emphasis>
|
||||
var.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A2AC66035E1EAC0D72930BA" box="[682,812,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">escalerense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, it is plausible that the paraphyly of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A2AC6603384EAC1D11F30BA" authorityName="O. E. Schulz" authorityYear="1907" box="[1231,1306,158,184]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ulei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A2AC6603384EAC1D11F30BA" box="[1231,1306,158,184]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">E. ulei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
with respect to divergent morphology presented by
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A2AC6603571EA9DD73830DE" box="[570,829,194,221]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="variety" species="ulei" variety="escalerense">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A2AC6603571EA9DD68130DE" box="[570,644,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">E. ulei</emphasis>
|
||||
var.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A2AC66035F0EA9CD73830DE" box="[699,829,194,220]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">escalerense</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is manifesting from incipient peripatric speciation. It is also possible there is directional gene flow from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A2AC66035EEEAB9D6E83102" authorityName="O. E. Schulz" authorityYear="1907" box="[677,749,230,256]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ulei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A2AC66035EEEAB9D6E83102" box="[677,749,230,256]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">E. ulei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
into this population in the Cordillera Escalera. I have observed specimens of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A2AC6603668EB55D5693126" authorityName="O. E. Schulz" authorityYear="1907" box="[291,364,266,292]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ulei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A2AC6603668EB55D5693126" box="[291,364,266,292]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">E. ulei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from the seasonally dry forests west and south of Tarapoto,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="4997EFC17A2AC660335EEB54D0903126" box="[1045,1173,266,292]" country="Peru" name="San Martin" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">San Martín</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F34461B37A2AC66033EAEB55D0D23127" box="[1185,1239,267,293]" name="Peru" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Peru</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, but none from the wet forests of the Cordillera Escalera.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BEC21237A2AC66037F6EB0DD05432D7" blockId="6.[136,1452,158,941]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
|
||||
In his intrageneric classification system, O. E.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC25CD27A2AC6603580EB0CD76C316E" author="Schulz, O. E." box="[715,873,338,364]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" pagination="1 - 164" refId="ref5062" refString="Schulz, O. E. (1907) Erythroxylaceae. In: Engler, A. (Ed.) Das Pflanzenreich. pp. 1 - 164." type="book chapter" year="1907">Schulz (1907)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
placed
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A2AC6603489EB0DD00E316E" authorityName="O. E. Schulz" authorityYear="1907" box="[962,1035,338,364]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ulei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A2AC6603489EB0DD00E316E" box="[962,1035,338,364]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">E. ulei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and four other species into the small section
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A2AC66037ABEB29D5793192" box="[224,380,375,400]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" rank="section" section="Leptogramme">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A2AC66037ABEB29D5793192" box="[224,380,375,400]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Leptogramme</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
based on the presence of indistinctly striated stipules. Considering the presence or absence of these striations is a very prominent character for several of his other sections, sect.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A2AC660331CEBC5D0F631B6" box="[1111,1267,411,436]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" rank="section" section="Leptogramme">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A2AC660331CEBC5D0F631B6" box="[1111,1267,411,436]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Leptogramme</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
may have been created to accommodate the residuals. My expanded phylogenetic reconstruction of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A2AC6603307EBE0D0E031DA" authorityName="Browne" authorityYear="1756" box="[1100,1253,446,472]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A2AC6603307EBE0D0E031DA" box="[1100,1253,446,472]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Erythroxylum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
reveals the other four species in this section are all distant relatives (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A2AC6603580EBBDD06931FE" authority="Saint-Hilaire (1829: 94)" authorityName="Saint-Hilaire" authorityPageNumber="94" authorityYear="1829" box="[715,1132,482,508]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="pulchrum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A2AC6603580EBBDD75031FE" box="[715,853,482,508]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">E. pulchrum</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC25CD27A2AC6603416EBBCD06931FE" author="Saint-Hilaire, A." box="[861,1132,482,508]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" pagination="92 - 101" refId="ref5022" refString="Saint-Hilaire, A. (1829) Erythroxylaceae. In: Flora Brasiliae Meridionalis. Apud A. Belin, Bibliopolam, Via Dicta Des Mathurins S. - J., Paris, pp. 92 - 101." type="book chapter" year="1829">Saint-Hilaire (1829: 94)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A2AC6603331EBBDD50B3222" authority="von Martius (1840: 386)" authorityName="von Martius" authorityPageNumber="386" authorityYear="1840" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="passerinum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A2AC6603331EBBDD11E31FE" box="[1146,1307,483,508]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">E. passerinum</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC25CD27A2AC6603268EBBDD50B3222" author="von Martius, C. F. P." pageId="6" pageNumber="285" pagination="281 - 412" refId="ref4613" refString="von Martius, C. F. P. (1840) Beitrage zur Kenntniss der Pflanzengattung Erythroxylon. Abhandlungen der Mathematisch-Physikalischen Classe der Koniglich Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften 3: 281 - 412." type="journal article" year="1840">von Martius (1840: 386)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A2AC6603654E859D6C03223" authority="Peyritsch (1878: 135)" authorityName="Peyritsch" authorityPageNumber="135" authorityYear="1878" box="[287,709,518,545]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ovalifolium">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A2AC6603654E859D5C43222" box="[287,449,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">E. ovalifolium</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC25CD27A2AC6603681E858D6C03223" author="Peyritsch, J. J." box="[458,709,518,545]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" pagination="125 - 180" refId="ref4648" refString="Peyritsch, J. J. (1878) Erythroxylaceae. In: von Martius, C. F. P. (Ed.) Flora Brasiliensis. R. Oldenbourg, Munich & Leipzig, pp. 125 - 180." type="book chapter" year="1878">Peyritsch (1878: 135)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A2AC6603598E859D0513222" authority="Schulz (1907: 62)" authorityName="Schulz" authorityPageNumber="62" authorityYear="1907" box="[723,1108,518,544]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="substriatum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A2AC6603598E859D77D3222" box="[723,888,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">E. substriatum</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC25CD27A2AC66034C9E858D0513222" author="Schulz, O. E." box="[898,1108,518,544]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" pagination="1 - 164" refId="ref5062" refString="Schulz, O. E. (1907) Erythroxylaceae. In: Engler, A. (Ed.) Das Pflanzenreich. pp. 1 - 164." type="book chapter" year="1907">Schulz (1907: 62)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC25CD27A2AC660332AE858D12B3222" author="White, D. M. & Islam, M. B. & Mason-Gamer, R. J." box="[1121,1326,518,544]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" pagination="1 - 12" refId="ref5220" refString="White, D. M., Islam, M. B. & Mason-Gamer, R. J. (2019) Phylogenetic inference in section Archerythroxylum informs taxonomy, biogeography, and the domestication of coca (Erythroxylum species). American Journal of Botany 106: 1 - 12. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / ajb 2.1224" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||||
White
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A2AC66033E4E859D0EF3222" box="[1199,1258,518,544]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
2019
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) However, overlooking the striations,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC25CD27A2AC66036FCE874D6713246" author="Plowman, T." box="[439,628,554,580]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" pagination="117 - 143" refId="ref4793" refString="Plowman, T. (1984) New taxa of Erythroxylum (Erythroxylaceae) from the Amazon basin. Acta Amazonica 14: 117 - 143. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / 1809 - 43921984145143" type="journal article" year="1984">Plowman (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
places
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A2AC6603581E875D7113246" authorityName="O. E. Schulz" authorityYear="1907" box="[714,788,554,580]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ulei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A2AC6603581E875D7113246" box="[714,788,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">E. ulei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A2AC6603406E875D7CA3246" authorityName="Plowman" authorityYear="1984" box="[845,975,554,580]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="schunkei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A2AC6603406E875D7CA3246" box="[845,975,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">E. schunkei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in sect.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A2AC6603364E874D1053246" box="[1071,1280,554,580]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A2AC6603364E874D0F93246" box="[1071,1276,554,580]" pageId="6" pageNumber="286" rank="section" section="Archerythroxylum">Archerythroxylum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
a large section of ca. 65 species characterized by unstriated stipules, perfect flowers, and free styles (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC25CD27A2AC6603301E810D0DE326A" author="Schulz, O. E." box="[1098,1243,590,616]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" pagination="1 - 164" refId="ref5062" refString="Schulz, O. E. (1907) Erythroxylaceae. In: Engler, A. (Ed.) Das Pflanzenreich. pp. 1 - 164." type="book chapter" year="1907">Schulz 1907</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Indeed, the close relatives to the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A2AC6603664E82DD573328E" authorityName="O. E. Schulz" authorityYear="1907" box="[303,374,626,652]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ulei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A2AC6603664E82DD573328E" box="[303,374,626,652]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">E. ulei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
clade are all
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A2AC660354EE82CD6CA328E" box="[517,719,626,652]" pageId="6" pageNumber="286" rank="section" section="Archerythroxylum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A2AC660354EE82CD6CA328E" box="[517,719,626,652]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Archerythroxylum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species from the western Amazon and Andean region (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC25CD27A2AC6603262E82CD4C732B2" author="White, D. M. & Islam, M. B. & Mason-Gamer, R. J." pageId="6" pageNumber="285" pagination="1 - 12" refId="ref5220" refString="White, D. M., Islam, M. B. & Mason-Gamer, R. J. (2019) Phylogenetic inference in section Archerythroxylum informs taxonomy, biogeography, and the domestication of coca (Erythroxylum species). American Journal of Botany 106: 1 - 12. https: // doi. org / 10.1002 / ajb 2.1224" type="journal article" year="2019">
|
||||
White
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A2AC660323EE82DD1A9328E" box="[1397,1452,626,652]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
2019
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Therefore, our phylogenetic analysis supports
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFC25CD27A2AC6603597E8C8D79332B2" author="Plowman, T." box="[732,918,662,688]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" pagination="117 - 143" refId="ref4793" refString="Plowman, T. (1984) New taxa of Erythroxylum (Erythroxylaceae) from the Amazon basin. Acta Amazonica 14: 117 - 143. https: // doi. org / 10.1590 / 1809 - 43921984145143" type="journal article" year="1984">Plowman (1984)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and, pending formal revision of all intrageneric sections,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A2AC66037BBE8E5D53C32D6" authorityName="O. E. Schulz" authorityYear="1907" box="[240,313,698,724]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="ulei">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A2AC66037BBE8E5D53C32D6" box="[240,313,698,724]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">E. ulei</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and this new
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A2AC660369EE8E4D67032D6" box="[469,629,698,724]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" rank="variety" variety="should">variety should</taxonomicName>
|
||||
be classified in section
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A2AC66034CAE8E4D04E32D6" box="[897,1099,698,724]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" rank="section" section="Archerythroxylum">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B927FD317A2AC66034CAE8E4D04E32D6" box="[897,1099,698,724]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Archerythroxylum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BEC21237A2AC66037F6E880D6D733AE" blockId="6.[136,1452,158,941]" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">
|
||||
Lastly, it must be noted that the live-plant photograph presented in
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13683DA67A2AC66034DAE880D7FE32FA" box="[913,1019,734,760]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[136,229,1910,1932]" captionTargetBox="[165,1424,196,1875]" captionTargetId="figure-15@3.[151,1435,187,1883]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. E. ulei var. escalerense A) Habitat of E. ulei var. escalerense, Rio Cachiyacu at base of the Cordillera Escalera range, Loreto, Peru. B) Flowering and fruiting branchlet. C) Leaves. Bar = 10 mm. D) Fruit detail, notice apparent pubescence. E) Young foliar stipule; mature stipules are larger but frequently lose setae. F) Flower detail. Bar = 10 mm. Photo credits: A=Alvaro del Campo; B,D,E = David Neill; C,F=Dawson White." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13877341" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13877341/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="285">Figure 1d</figureCitation>
|
||||
shows the presence of short, velutinous hairs on the fruits. As the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A2AC66036EDE95CD658331E" box="[422,605,770,796]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Erythroxylaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are described as glabrous, this is a mysterious observation. The pubescence was not present on the dried material I examined, which was preserved in alcohol in the field and subsequently ovendried, which suggests the ‘hairs’ are fungus. However, it is also possible that pubescence is an infrequent character in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A2AC66037C3E930D520338A" authorityName="Browne" authorityYear="1756" box="[136,293,878,904]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" genus="Erythroxylum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">Erythroxylum</taxonomicName>
|
||||
that is always lost during herborization. Any pubescence should be noted and investigated if observed on this or any other member of the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C535AA07A2AC6603558E9CCD6CB33AE" box="[531,718,914,940]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Erythroxylaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malpighiales" pageId="6" pageNumber="285" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Erythroxylaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
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Reference in a new issue