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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.49.9003" ID-PMC="PMC4432233" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-49-59" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FF802B61FFBB3565FF8C33265003FF97" ID-PubMed="25987885" ID-Zenodo-Dep="576302" ModsDocID="1314-2003-49-59" checkinTime="1451251537290" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Snow, Neil, Callmander, Martin & Phillipson, Peter B." docDate="2015" docId="2EFE6800708F873EE85809956A38F713" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 49: 59-121" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 49" docPubDate="2015-04-28" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.49.9003" docTitle="Eugenia calciscopulorum N. Snow 2015, sp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="6" id="FF802B61FFBB3565FF8C33265003FF97" lastPageNumber="65" masterDocId="FF802B61FFBB3565FF8C33265003FF97" masterDocTitle="Studies of Malagasy Eugenia - IV: Seventeen new endemic species, a new combination, and three lectotypifications; with comments on distribution, ecological and evolutionary patterns" masterLastPageNumber="121" masterPageNumber="59" pageNumber="63" updateTime="1668141357631" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>Studies of Malagasy Eugenia - IV: Seventeen new endemic species, a new combination, and three lectotypifications; with comments on distribution, ecological and evolutionary patterns</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Snow, Neil</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>T. M. Sperry Herbarium, Department of Biology, Pittsburg State University, 1701 S. Broadway, Pittsburg, KS 66762 USA</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">nsnow@pittstate.edu</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Callmander, Martin</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Missouri Botanical Garden, P. O. Box 299, St. Louis, MO 63166 - 0299, USA & Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Geneve, case postale 60, 1292 Chambesy, Switzerland</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:role>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Phillipson, Peter B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation>Missouri Botanical Garden, P. O. Box 299, St. Louis, MO 63166 - 0299, USA & Institut de systematique, evolution, et biodiversite (ISYEB), Unite mixte de recherche 7205, Centre national de la recherche scientifique / Museum national d'Histoire Naturelle / Ecole pratique des hautes etudes, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie, Sorbonne Universites, CP 39, 57 rue Cuvier, F- 75231 Paris cedex 05, France</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:relatedItem type="host">
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<mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part>
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<mods:date>2015</mods:date>
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<mods:detail type="pubDate">
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<mods:number>2015-04-28</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:detail type="volume">
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<mods:number>49</mods:number>
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</mods:detail>
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<mods:extent unit="page">
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<mods:start>59</mods:start>
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<mods:end>121</mods:end>
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</mods:extent>
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</mods:part>
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</mods:relatedItem>
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<mods:location>
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<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.49.9003</mods:url>
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</mods:location>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.49.9003</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-49-59</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FF802B61FFBB3565FF8C33265003FF97</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">576302</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="152025731" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2EFE6800708F873EE85809956A38F713" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2EFE6800708F873EE85809956A38F713" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="65" pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
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<subSubSection pageId="4" pageNumber="63" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="63">
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<taxonomicName LSID="2EFE6800-708F-873E-E858-09956A38F713" authority="N. Snow" authorityName="N. Snow" authorityYear="2015" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eugenia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eugenia calciscopulorum" order="Myrtales" pageId="4" pageNumber="63" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="calciscopulorum" status="sp. nov.">Eugenia calciscopulorum N. Snow</taxonomicName>
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<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="4" pageNumber="63">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Holotype specimen of Eugenia calciscopulorum (MO)." pageId="4" pageNumber="63">holotype (Figure 6): http://www.tropicos.org/Image/100314917; living material: http://www.tropicos.org/Image/100128169; http://www.tropicos.org/Image/100128168</figureCitation>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="64" type="latin">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="64" start="start">Haec</pageBreakToken>
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species quoad faciem habitumque
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</emphasis>
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<taxonomicName genus="Eugeniae" lsidName="Eugeniae richardii" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" rank="species" species="richardii">Eugeniae richardii</taxonomicName>
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(Blume) N. Snow
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">et al. et</emphasis>
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E. hazonjia N. Snow
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">subsimilis, sed ab eis lamina foliari grosse sinuata, lobis calycinis roseoalbidis atque petalis subroseis distinguitur.</emphasis>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="64" type="type">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Type.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
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MADAGASCAR. Prov. Antsiranana: Mahavanona, Andranomanitra,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="12" direction="south" minutes="23" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="27" value="-12.390833">12°23'27"S</geoCoordinate>
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,
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<geoCoordinate degrees="49" direction="east" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="01" value="49.33361">49°20'01"E</geoCoordinate>
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, 11 Dec. 2004, S. Rakotonandrasana 883 + R. Randrianaivo, A. Rakotondrafara, C. Christian & J. Be (holotype: MO-6245566!; isotypes: CNARP, KSP [KSP000016]!, P [P04885354]!, TAN).
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="64" type="description">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Description.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
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Trees to 6 m; dbh 13 cm; bark of main bole unknown. Herbage glabrous except as noted. Branchlets rounded; oil glands sparse to common but indistinct; first epidermal layer soon flaking irregularly and drying grayish; later-forming bark smooth, light brown or light gray, frequently cracking horizontally. Leaves coriaceous, mostly concentrated near branch tips; opposite to disjunct opposite, discolorous, surfaces matte. Foliar colleters absent. Petioles 3-4 mm, terete or somewhat sulcate proximally when young, broadening and flattening somewhat distally at base of blade. Leaf blades (1.7-)2.0-4.3
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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1.8-3.0 cm, broadly elliptic (mostly) or a few ovate, base rounded to slightly cuneate, apex obtuse to somewhat acute, margins more or less flat, surface overall broadly sinuous; adaxial midvein sulcate lower 1/3-1/2 becoming flush distally, oil glands common to dense but becoming faint with maturity; abaxial surface oil glands sparse to common but faint at maturity and relatively small, secondary veins relatively indistinct, intramarginal vein 1-2 mm from margin of leaf at midpoint of blade, faint. Inflorescence terminal or axillary, of 1-3 monads per leaf axil. Pedicels 7-15 mm, relatively stiff. Bracteoles 2; ca. 0.5-1.0 mm, ovate, stiff, sparsely short-pubescent distally (trichomes ca. 0.1 mm long). Hypanthium 1.5-2.0 mm, cupuliform to obconic, densely glandular. Calyx lobes 4, 2-3 mm, elliptic to oblong, apex rounded, whitish to pink when fresh, oil glands common and prominently. Petals 4 (material scant), 6-11
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<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
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5-7 mm, elliptic to widely elliptic, sparsely short-ciliate apically, pinkish, oil glands common. Stamens ca. 70-90, multiseriate; filaments 5-8 mm, whitish; anthers 0.6-0.8 mm, globose to elliptic, sub-basifixed, yellowish, the connective bearing a single apical oil gland; staminal disk squarrish, ca. 3 mm across, sparsely short-hairy. Styles 7-9 mm; stigma narrow. Fruits unknown.
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="5" pageNumber="64" start="Figure 6" startId="F6">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Figure 6.</emphasis>
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Holotype specimen of
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<taxonomicName authorityName="N. Snow" authorityYear="2015" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eugenia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eugenia calciscopulorum" order="Myrtales" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="calciscopulorum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Eugenia calciscopulorum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(MO).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="64" type="etymology">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Etymology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Calci</emphasis>
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and
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">scopulorum</emphasis>
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combine to form a genitive plural masculine noun, in reference to the locality at the base of a calcareous (limestone) cliff.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="64" type="phenology">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Phenology.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Flowering December; fruiting most likely late December through January (unconfirmed).</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="5" pageNumber="64" type="distribution">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Distribution.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
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Known only from the type gathering in north-eastern Madagascar in Antsiranana, in the Montagne des
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Français">Francais</normalizedToken>
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limestone massif (Figure
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Distribution of new Eugenia species in Madagascar with selected Protected Areas (hatched): Eugenia andapae (stars), Eugenia calciscopulorum (cross), Eugenia echinulata (circles), and Eugenia manomboensis (square)." pageId="5" pageNumber="64">7</figureCitation>
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).
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</paragraph>
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<caption pageId="5" pageNumber="64" start="Figure 7" startId="F7">
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<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="64">
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<emphasis bold="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Figure 7.</emphasis>
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Distribution of new
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<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eugenia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eugenia" order="Myrtales" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Eugenia</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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species in Madagascar with selected Protected Areas (hatched):
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<taxonomicName authorityName="N. Snow" authorityYear="2015" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eugenia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eugenia andapae" order="Myrtales" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="andapae">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Eugenia andapae</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(stars),
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<taxonomicName authorityName="N. Snow" authorityYear="2015" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eugenia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eugenia calciscopulorum" order="Myrtales" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="calciscopulorum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Eugenia calciscopulorum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(cross),
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<taxonomicName authorityName="N. Snow" authorityYear="2015" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eugenia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eugenia echinulata" order="Myrtales" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="echinulata">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Eugenia echinulata</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(circles), and
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<taxonomicName authorityName="N. Snow" authorityYear="2015" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eugenia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eugenia manomboensis" order="Myrtales" pageId="5" pageNumber="64" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="manomboensis">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="64">Eugenia manomboensis</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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(square).
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</paragraph>
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</caption>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="65" type="habitat and ecology">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="65">
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<pageBreakToken pageId="6" pageNumber="65" start="start">Habitat</pageBreakToken>
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and ecology.
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</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="65">Degraded dry forest at the foot of a cliff over calcareous substrates; ca. 410 m.</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="65" type="conservation status">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="65">Conservation status.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="65">
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The species was said to be abundant at the type gathering. However, with only one collection known, an AOO of 9 km2 and one subpopulation, which is situated within a proposed protected area that currently holds a temporary protection status (Montagne des
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Français">Francais</normalizedToken>
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),
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<taxonomicName authorityName="N. Snow" authorityYear="2015" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eugenia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eugenia calciscopulorum" order="Myrtales" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="calciscopulorum">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">Eugenia calciscopulorum</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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is assigned a preliminary risk of extinction of "Critically Endangered" [CR A3c+B1ab(iii)] following the IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria (
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<bibRefCitation author="IUCN" journalOrPublisher="IUCN Species Survival Commission, Gland & Cambridge" pageId="34" pageNumber="93" refId="B13" refString="IUCN, 2012. IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: version 3.1. IUCN Species Survival Commission, Gland & Cambridge" title="IUCN Red List Categories and Criteria: version 3.1" year="2012">IUCN 2012</bibRefCitation>
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). The species seems to have a highly restricted distribution and the dry deciduous forests around Montagne des
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<normalizedToken originalValue="Français">Francais</normalizedToken>
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is mostly degraded as a result of human activities and is under serious threat. Definitive protection of those dry forests likely would allow the species to be downlisted to
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<normalizedToken originalValue="“Vulnerable”">"Vulnerable"</normalizedToken>
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.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection pageId="6" pageNumber="65" type="comments">
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="65">Comments.</paragraph>
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<paragraph pageId="6" pageNumber="65">
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See
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<taxonomicName authorityName="N. Snow, Callm. & Phillipson" authorityYear="2015" baseAuthorityName="N. Snow, Callm. & Phillipson" baseAuthorityYear="2015" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eugenia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Eugenia richardii" order="Myrtales" pageId="6" pageNumber="65" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="richardii">
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="65">Eugenia richardii</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
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for similar species.
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</treatment>
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</document>
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