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<document id="8D60CD0878AD63B062983119603AC95F" ID-CLB-Dataset="280000" ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.17.7660" ID-GBIF-Dataset="e5559874-3693-49c2-9e3c-ce9ac23b054a" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2615-17-77" ID-ZooBank="B1D5D79AC3D4436C8201F8B4006B1E37" ModsDocAuthor="" ModsDocDate="2016" ModsDocID="1314-2615-17-77" ModsDocOrigin="Subterranean Biology 17" ModsDocTitle="New records and new species of springtails (Collembola: Entomobryidae, Paronellidae) from lava tubes of the Galápagos Islands (Ecuador)" checkinTime="1458926476821" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Katz, Aron D., Taylor, Steven J., Soto-Adames, Felipe N., Addison, Aaron, Hoese, Geoffrey B., Sutton, Michael R. &amp; Toulkeridis, Theofilos" docDate="2016" docId="2E83A022218F41A1B42AD40A83959932" docLanguage="en" docName="SubterBiol 17: 77-120" docOrigin="Subterranean Biology 17" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/subtbiol.17.7660" docTitle="Lepidocyrtus nigrosetosus Folsom 1927" docType="treatment" docVersion="6" lastPageNumber="90" masterDocId="FFD3FFC6FF92A46B3B67FF872768FFD9" masterDocTitle="New records and new species of springtails (Collembola: Entomobryidae, Paronellidae) from lava tubes of the Galapagos Islands (Ecuador)" masterLastPageNumber="120" masterPageNumber="77" pageNumber="84" updateTime="1701380041623" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
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<mods:title id="CC33A5F04B05089331F5EE8CF0CE01ED">New records and new species of springtails (Collembola: Entomobryidae, Paronellidae) from lava tubes of the Galapagos Islands (Ecuador)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="47053394F131699B241861B6917325F8">Katz, Aron D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5391BF7EFCD22F43CC17667FEE3F2BAC">Taylor, Steven J.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="6B04AA0BDB72B8C75AED4EC883D4A5E2">Soto-Adames, Felipe N.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="5BFF5B0EDDE9A522A8375EF7E1673F49">Addison, Aaron</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="A78240DECB9AD2202C42739CEE255127">Hoese, Geoffrey B.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="3EE01C5E3EB5F07F6B1EC42287955F0A">Sutton, Michael R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="22B21A04497E2D0550B24272F8F6F788">Toulkeridis, Theofilos</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="993651F94F5EB750E06826C217D6412A">2016</mods:date>
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<paragraph id="C21FE141A59C4B72F6307FD99B745414" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">Taxon classification Animalia Collembola Entomobryidae</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="60EA701CF04E8F19D2AE566D7C2DF127" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph id="12175A20363247A24828C4B33BBD7694" pageId="7" pageNumber="84">
<taxonomicName id="82F64A2EF442E42E9B2F10D5EBC5ADD6" ID-CoL="3TBJD" authority="Folsom, 1927" authorityName="Folsom" authorityYear="1927" class="Collembola" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Lepidocyrtus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lepidocyrtus nigrosetosus" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="7" pageNumber="84" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrosetosus">Lepidocyrtus nigrosetosus Folsom, 1927</taxonomicName>
Figs 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A67B054D09A53C9E504CAE675625112B" pageId="8" pageNumber="85" type="reference_group">
<paragraph id="93219D8223F554862AE888A98018B274" pageId="8" pageNumber="85">
<taxonomicName id="C3BB6BB07693E7D4D0211D080C75C532" class="Collembola" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Lepidocyrtus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lepidocyrtus leleupi" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="8" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leleupi">
<pageBreakToken id="D6F197566773CACD43D607549A4DDD44" pageId="8" pageNumber="85" start="start">Lepidocyrtus</pageBreakToken>
leleupi
</taxonomicName>
Jacquemart, 1976: 145, syn. n.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="4A8F8938285B286893EF3F2F69A93424" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="88" pageId="8" pageNumber="85" type="description">
<paragraph id="4C35651DE220970959E0CFA1B5294647" pageId="8" pageNumber="85">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="C9D773E4910B8576AE91A690E187D8D4" pageId="8" pageNumber="85">Size. Up to 2.6 mm</paragraph>
<paragraph id="BDC1B734F9BE786441A966F9BAAA7FF0" pageId="8" pageNumber="85">Color pattern. Background color white or light orange, with dark purple pigment limited to Ant. III-IV, latero-posterior margin of Th. II, lateral margin of Th. III and meso- and metathoracic coxae. Some individuals have and additional irregular purple spot on the base of the furcula, others have no pigment at all, except for the antennae. The black or dark brown look of living specimens is produced by the thick covering of black or dark brown scales (Fig. 7A).</paragraph>
<caption id="B57CE5EAE1AAC84B2E63763C58E4CE68" pageId="8" pageNumber="85">
<paragraph id="8516913A99774D080E236DE46DCF3624" pageId="8" pageNumber="85">
Figure 7.
<taxonomicName id="91451553288989541A70C56DB2BF1CD5" class="Collembola" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Lepidocyrtus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lepidocyrtus nigrosetosus" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="8" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrosetosus">Lepidocyrtus nigrosetosus</taxonomicName>
. A habitus (INHS Acc. 567,402) B dorsal chaetotaxy of head C detail of anterior chaetotaxy of head.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="847D3908B66476F1484B490E35303A47" pageId="8" pageNumber="85">Appendicular scales distribution. Dorsally on Ant. I, femur on middle and hind legs and ventral face of furcula. Scales absent from Ant. II-IV, fore legs, ventral tube and dorsal face of manubrium.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="388F7564FAA49C8F9FAB8CE89D069873" pageId="8" pageNumber="85">
Head. Apical bulb on Ant. IV absent. Dorsal chaetotaxy of the head as in Figures 7B,C: Row An with 7-12 Mc; anterior Mc A0 and A2 present, relatively small but with differentiated sockets, and inserted among a group of enlarged fusiform elements field normally including only Mc A0 (Fig. 7B; fig. 2 in
<bibRefCitation id="7E5F7700519D77B9BDA37C8AB341278F" author="Jacquemart, S" journalOrPublisher="Mission zoologique belge aux iles Galapagos et en Ecuador (N. et J. Leleup, 1964 - 1965)" pageId="32" pageNumber="109" pagination="137 - 157" title="Collemboles nouveaux des iles Galapagos." volume="3" year="1976">Jacquemart 1976</bibRefCitation>
), all other anterior Mc absent; posterior Mc absent, element Ps5 enlarged and fusiform; postocular bothiotrix displaced laterally and inserted behind eyes E and F. Prelabral and all labral setae smooth. Basal seta of outer maxillary palp smooth, subequal to terminal appendage; sublobal plate with 3 seta-like appendages and 1 minute, spine-like appendage on dorsal edge. Lateral appendage on labial papilla E curved anteriorly and short, not reaching tip of papilla. Labial palp with 5 smooth proximal setae. Labial triangle formula as m1M2rEL1L2, A1-5: m1 sometimes coarsely ciliate and always shorter than M2; r short, smooth and conic, sensilla-like (Fig. 8A). Anterior row of post-labial setae smooth or minutely denticulate; setae on posterior rows coarsely ciliate (Fig. 8B, C); cephalic groove with 5-6 +5-6 setae, anterior most seta smooth, setae becoming more coarsely ciliate from anterior to posterior rows; postlabial group C with 1-4 setae; modified post-labial setae 2-3, short, conic and smooth, similar to labial seta r, inserted among lateral columns.
</paragraph>
<caption id="33B1CC6DBB261D2B81D6DF53698FF360" pageId="8" pageNumber="85">
<paragraph id="22F29A2CD27FA9F15CC8937800A4F7B9" pageId="8" pageNumber="85">
Figure 8.
<taxonomicName id="2881AB7C66F570F490FA3BEB67D35B48" class="Collembola" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Lepidocyrtus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lepidocyrtus nigrosetosus" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="8" pageNumber="85" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrosetosus">Lepidocyrtus nigrosetosus</taxonomicName>
. A labial triangle B postlabial chaetotaxy C detail of postlabial chaetotaxy.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="3BA8B0A1E2716290F5C19C169C19F5A4" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="88" pageId="9" pageNumber="86">
<pageBreakToken id="CBA2CAE3082F263A67D98D8B83431FA1" pageId="9" pageNumber="86" start="start">Dorsal</pageBreakToken>
body chaetotaxy. Dorsal macrosetae formula 00/0233+1+6. Dorsal S-seta 11/011n3; S-microseta 10/10100. Mesothoracic hood produced, anteriorly rounded, partially or completely shadowing head. Meso- and metathoracic chaetotaxy normal, with neither Th. II polychaetosis nor Th. III reductions. Chaetotaxy of Abd. I normal, with a6 present and 11 posterior setae. Abd. II (Fig. 9A, B) with all supplementary
<pageBreakToken id="D60134D4411C52B457295EE2B55B405E" pageId="10" pageNumber="87" start="start">setae</pageBreakToken>
fan-shaped; a2 and a6 fusiform and finely ciliate in larger individuals, normal smooth setae in smaller individuals; a3 well anterior and not reaching sensillum as; as subequal to or shorter than a3; Mc m3 and m5 present; p4, m4, and p5 smooth; elements a2p, m3e, m4i and p5p absent. Abd. III (Fig. 9C) with all supplementary setae fan-shaped; a2, a6 and am6 fan-shaped; a3 well anterior and not reaching as; as shorter than a3 and m3; Mc pm6, p6 and p7 present; mc p3, m4, p5 and S-microseta d2 present; a7 smooth or very finely denticulate, displaced laterally, not reaching am6. Abd. IV (Fig. 10) with inner Mc B4, B5, B6 and C1; all supplementary setae of both
<pageBreakToken id="7184751DF87EFBA52502825BCAEF4FB9" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" start="start">riotrichal</pageBreakToken>
complex fan-shaped; mc s present (Fig. 11B); bothriotricha T2 and T4 well separated; mc T3 and D1p subequal, short, displaced anteriorly, closer to T2 than T4, and not reaching Pe or Pi; lateral Mc D3, E2, E3, F1, F2, F3 present (Fig. 11A); posterior setae 10-12.
</paragraph>
<caption id="00BC44F48E2EB6EAAF4B64BACA535792" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">
<paragraph id="727501069C660C3FF0C55F4BB85A14BB" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">
Figure 9.
<taxonomicName id="AA025EE07FA66DB5619A7AF10BB6F52D" class="Collembola" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Lepidocyrtus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lepidocyrtus nigrosetosus" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrosetosus">Lepidocyrtus nigrosetosus</taxonomicName>
.
<normalizedToken id="58CFD2EB26D528B8BFDA1F0A3BB8D1D2" originalValue="A–C">A-C</normalizedToken>
dorsal chaetotaxy: A Abd. II B Abd. II of
<taxonomicName id="77B5F3B82D4CA54BB77C975A1942E901" class="Collembola" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Lepidocyrtus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lepidocyrtus leleupi" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leleupi">Lepidocyrtus leleupi</taxonomicName>
paratype; C Abd. III.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="C4851DD3AAEC78C817AC01263DD50101" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">
<paragraph id="A4995F6D7871E84BB3434AD3318B1450" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">
Figure 10.
<taxonomicName id="2EE8A230E27D02A645FC623B16B95E76" class="Collembola" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Lepidocyrtus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lepidocyrtus nigrosetosus" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrosetosus">Lepidocyrtus nigrosetosus</taxonomicName>
, dorsal chaetotaxy of Abd. IV.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption id="D510F5819782C318331C23FB766C6236" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">
<paragraph id="5595069B039C89F4FDD892D0A4FFADD6" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">
Figure 11.
<taxonomicName id="34D91DF2C01224C0D3532E4C77A9D615" class="Collembola" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Lepidocyrtus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lepidocyrtus nigrosetosus" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrosetosus">Lepidocyrtus nigrosetosus</taxonomicName>
. A dorso-lateral chaetotaxy of Abd. IV B detail of bothriotricha complex chaetotaxy of Abd. IV C posterior face of collophore.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph id="862A92A39AF5421889B6EF12BF4C5BA1" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">Legs. Trochanteral organ with up to 41 setae. Tenent hair spatulate on all legs. Unguis with 3-4 inner teeth, distal unpaired tooth sometimes absent; all teeth small; proximal unpaired tooth well separated from basal paired teeth. Fore and middle unguiculi relatively short, strongly truncate, with well marked inner tooth and weakly serrate posterior edge; hind unguiculus usually lanceolate or weakly truncate, rarely strongly truncate, inner tooth absent or weakly delineated; hind unguiculus always clearly longer (surpassing inner proximal unpaired ungual tooth) than fore and middle unguiculi (barely reaching inner proximal unpaired tooth).</paragraph>
<paragraph id="297DE000B1FE771AE00E327491CC960E" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">Ventral tube. All faces covered by many finely ciliate setae; posterior face with 1+1 smooth setae on distal margin in addition to ciliate setae (Fig. 11C)</paragraph>
<paragraph id="89276A15F758BE081E682B99C9E4E719" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">Furcula. Manubrium and dens without smooth setae. Basal tubercle of dens apically rounded, somewhat asymmetrical. Mucro with apical tooth slightly longer than basal tooth. Mucronal spine with minute basal denticles.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="A79F241E363C9780FB61FFD64C8C33E8" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" type="remarks">
<paragraph id="1EC41EBDE025AC2E4D591A46E27694AB" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">Remarks.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F4E1DB3798B1EC573A3CF324B9E9C866" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">This species is characterized by the enlarged, rounded mesothoracic hood, absence of dorsal head Mc posterior to A2, smooth labial setae, absence of seta m3e on Abd. II, four inner Mc on Abd. IV, heteromorphic unguiculi (truncate on fore and middle legs, lanceolate or weakly truncate on hind leg), and a rounded but somewhat asymmetric tubercle on the dens.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="EF902936B9A6DE1C3DBBAE3741306BFC" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">
As pointed out by
<bibRefCitation id="A57A38122018539166E15935CAB84D7F" author="Bernard, EC" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="30" pageNumber="107" pagination="239 - 267" title="Collembola of Rapa Nui (Easter Island) with descriptions of five endemic cave-restricted species." url="10.11646/zootaxa.3949.2.6" volume="3949" year="2015">Bernard et al. (2015)</bibRefCitation>
the large bodied members of the
<taxonomicName id="D00AC493D3B7018A6E18D32BABCB74C7" class="Collembola" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Lepidocyrtus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lepidocyrtus nigrosetosus" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrosetosus">Lepidocyrtus nigrosetosus</taxonomicName>
species group (
<taxonomicName id="66F1E9B5C2C7F0E0351B121AEFD389C3" class="Collembola" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Lepidocyrtus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lepidocyrtus nigrosetosus" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrosetosus">Lepidocyrtus nigrosetosus</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName id="94286A93B8E612D2831BEAA721F0EA3F" class="Collembola" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Lepidocyrtus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lepidocyrtus immaculatus" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="immaculatus">Lepidocyrtus immaculatus</taxonomicName>
Folsom, 1932,
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Jacquemart, 1976 and
<taxonomicName id="3DD16E70ED514D19BD20D319BDF17E17" class="Collembola" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Lepidocyrtus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lepidocyrtus geayides" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="geayides">Lepidocyrtus geayides</taxonomicName>
Denis, 1931) are very similar and difficult to distinguish.
<bibRefCitation id="7FA4DE8F405BFDC76A48F879ECDB3C36" author="Bernard, EC" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pageId="30" pageNumber="107" pagination="239 - 267" title="Collembola of Rapa Nui (Easter Island) with descriptions of five endemic cave-restricted species." url="10.11646/zootaxa.3949.2.6" volume="3949" year="2015">Bernard et al. (2015)</bibRefCitation>
suggested that
<taxonomicName id="0FE566AE432D2FFC23CFC6C516EA1389" class="Collembola" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Lepidocyrtus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lepidocyrtus leleupi" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leleupi">Lepidocyrtus leleupi</taxonomicName>
, originally described from the island of Santa Cruz in the
<normalizedToken id="03C0477162DF132D0DEC1066E98FF340" originalValue="Galápagos">Galapagos</normalizedToken>
, was likely to be a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="3C5501B6ABFFACA1D4D9AC5F4A8DAFBB" class="Collembola" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Lepidocyrtus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lepidocyrtus nigrosetosus" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrosetosus">Lepidocyrtus nigrosetosus</taxonomicName>
. Our collections of
<taxonomicName id="F6A8B33CB900EECE535F38060447A139" class="Collembola" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Lepidocyrtus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lepidocyrtus" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Lepidocyrtus</taxonomicName>
from Santa Cruz fit the color pattern description of
<taxonomicName id="31987FE3B9A6FB8C1578F0812734796D" class="Collembola" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Lepidocyrtus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lepidocyrtus leleupi" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leleupi">Lepidocyrtus leleupi</taxonomicName>
and at first the specimens were identified as that species, but evaluation of other morphological characters showed the specimens to fit the range of variation reported for
<taxonomicName id="8BBA9FBEB4BBC455612E908F1E54EE43" class="Collembola" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Lepidocyrtus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lepidocyrtus nigrosetosus" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrosetosus">Lepidocyrtus nigrosetosus</taxonomicName>
(
<bibRefCitation id="E1BE98FBDC76586C78CE9F58BF1ED2BF" author="Mari Mutt, JA" journalOrPublisher="Caribbean Journal of Science" pageId="32" pageNumber="109" pagination="1 - 48" title="[1987] Puerto Rican species of Lepidocyrtus and Pseudosinella (Collembola: Entomobryidae)." volume="22" year="1986">Mari Mutt 1986</bibRefCitation>
). To confirm these observations we studied the type series of
<taxonomicName id="81D7204B19EC5A2B7E29264937BA0617" class="Collembola" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Lepidocyrtus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lepidocyrtus leleupi" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leleupi">Lepidocyrtus leleupi</taxonomicName>
deposited in the Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences in Brussels, Belgium.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="292D4EC4893DCC8D9E12906DF8E95E40" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">
The type series of
<taxonomicName id="4A8BFBFA136A5BAABB98F38307EC1DCE" class="Collembola" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Lepidocyrtus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lepidocyrtus leleupi" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leleupi">Lepidocyrtus leleupi</taxonomicName>
comprises the holotype, 11 paratypes and 4 additional specimens mounted on slides. The slide labeled holotype holds two individuals.
<bibRefCitation id="F73E2611DEBF03353A084F9DDF8D4587" author="Jacquemart, S" journalOrPublisher="Mission zoologique belge aux iles Galapagos et en Ecuador (N. et J. Leleup, 1964 - 1965)" pageId="32" pageNumber="109" pagination="137 - 157" title="Collemboles nouveaux des iles Galapagos." volume="3" year="1976">Jacquemart (1976)</bibRefCitation>
did not specify which of the two individuals was the holotype, hence here we designate an individual as the holotype (arrow in Figure 12). The holotype and other members of the type series
<taxonomicName id="D7FD147BF72E4D34981D4E84885125AB" class="Collembola" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Lepidocyrtus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lepidocyrtus leleupi" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leleupi">Lepidocyrtus leleupi</taxonomicName>
lack mc m3e on Abd. II (Fig. 9B) and show the same range of morphological variation seen in specimens of
<taxonomicName id="DDDA41876B650DDF9C1CCB9A20489EC3" class="Collembola" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Lepidocyrtus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lepidocyrtus nigrosetosus" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrosetosus">Lepidocyrtus nigrosetosus</taxonomicName>
from Puerto Rico. For this reason we consider
<taxonomicName id="B61DF5FBB9EAF5D215C50F1B26C991D4" class="Collembola" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Lepidocyrtus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lepidocyrtus leleupi" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leleupi">Lepidocyrtus leleupi</taxonomicName>
a junior synonym of
<taxonomicName id="7192AEF44762DCD48FA415E7C02BAF33" class="Collembola" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Lepidocyrtus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lepidocyrtus nigrosetosus" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrosetosus">Lepidocyrtus nigrosetosus</taxonomicName>
. This makes
<taxonomicName id="C125FB375789CB8BD4DA9480CF834DF0" class="Collembola" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Lepidocyrtus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lepidocyrtus nigrosetosus" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="nigrosetosus">Lepidocyrtus nigrosetosus</taxonomicName>
the most geographically widespread member of the genus in the Neotropical region (
<bibRefCitation id="C4E5E11292D201A223857730FF012AA7" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">Soto-Adames and Anderson in press</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
<caption id="5352D583142ACB01F8EFC08C29811264" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">
<paragraph id="2ADFA7A07F670D692D4988C016D9A07C" pageId="11" pageNumber="88">
Figure 12.
<taxonomicName id="865B2B1B2785ED1BAEDEC193D04497F7" class="Collembola" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Lepidocyrtus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lepidocyrtus leleupi" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="11" pageNumber="88" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leleupi">Lepidocyrtus leleupi</taxonomicName>
holotype (arrow).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E919DEDC016C85C09C2970838FB6F399" pageId="12" pageNumber="89" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="BE3385264B9FB575F35712043B724CA1" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">
<pageBreakToken id="1F5C378E0E56E3BCDF72B2FF2266C5EF" pageId="12" pageNumber="89" start="start">Distribution</pageBreakToken>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="1C98605DD2F9BFBDE562416D45F2731B" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">
<normalizedToken id="E6FDF60FC5341AE8844BA2BF715CD73A" originalValue="Galápagos">Galapagos</normalizedToken>
(new record), Puerto Rico, Colombia, Jamaica (
<bibRefCitation id="2FEEDA34450B88829F2E58088E5A4F27" author="Mari Mutt, JA" journalOrPublisher="Florida, USA" pageId="32" pageNumber="109" title="A catalog of the Neotropical Collembola" volumeTitle="Flora &amp; Fauna Handbook" year="1990">Mari Mutt and Bellinger 1990</bibRefCitation>
), St. Thomas US Virgin Islands (
<bibRefCitation id="E8F6E45B6DA3CE950459B8B65E258454" author="Soto-Adames, FN" journalOrPublisher="Caribbean Journal of Science" pageId="33" pageNumber="110" pagination="77 - 105" title="Four new species and new records of springtails (Hexapoda: Collembola) from the US Virgin Islands and Puerto Rico, with notes on the chaetotaxy of Metasinella and Seira." volume="38" year="2002 a">Soto-Adames 2002a</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="DA4F0592EAF80854CCAE820202279B43" author="Soto-Adames, FN" journalOrPublisher="Molecular phylogenetics and evolution" pageId="33" pageNumber="110" pagination="27 - 42" title="Molecular phylogeny of the Puerto Rican Lepidocyrtus and Pseudosinella (Hexapoda: Collembola), a validation of Yoshii's &quot; color pattern species &quot;." url="10.1016/S1055-7903(02)00250-6" volume="25" year="2002 b">2002b</bibRefCitation>
), Brazil (
<bibRefCitation id="09F28665751F32134E61E88D6F26EA50" author="Bellini, BC" journalOrPublisher="Revista Brasileira de Entomologia" pageId="30" pageNumber="107" pagination="386 - 390" title="Registros da fauna de Collembola (Arthropoda, Hexapoda) no Estado da Paraiba, Brasil." url="10.1590/S0085-56262009000300012" volume="53" year="2009">Bellini and Zeppelini 2009</bibRefCitation>
), Nevis (
<bibRefCitation id="65726C0840E2F30078A37D8FFE2DDE3C" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Soto-Adames and Anderson in press</bibRefCitation>
).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="FB151CB311C4FFC3CB904B55187EF513" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="90" pageId="12" pageNumber="89" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph id="F8DC16830C25B3F06E8350C304228457" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">Material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph id="B26861E398861B33C5D124DE422BA374" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="90" pageId="12" pageNumber="89">
Ecuador,
<normalizedToken id="9676AEADA08C4A49B037BA1D2740B8DA" originalValue="Galápagos">Galapagos</normalizedToken>
, Santa Cruz Island: 1♀ on slide, Cueva Cascajo, wet breakdown with leaf litter on entrance floor, 9.iii.2014 (S. Taylor, J. Jacoby and M. Sutton), GLP-030, INHS Acc. 567,402; 1♀ on slide, Cueva
<normalizedToken id="1EC65F236E81D36DD77B2C6F29E89128" originalValue="Cañón">Canon</normalizedToken>
, mossy breakdown near entrance, 15.iii.2014 (S. Taylor, J. Jacoby, S. Hagan and R. Toomey), GLP-032, INHS Acc. 567,403; 1 on slide, Cueva Aguirre, leaf litter, entrance, 10.iii.2014 (G. Hoese), GLP-046, INHS Acc. 567,404; 1♀ on slide, Cueva Chato 1, on wet soil near entrance, 8.iii.2014 (S. Taylor, J. Jacoby, S. Hagan and R.
<pageBreakToken id="2EC6A870E8FAE34128E6CB552F8DD372" pageId="13" pageNumber="90" start="start">Toomey</pageBreakToken>
), GLP-075, INHS Acc. 567,405; 1 on slide, Cueva Chato 1, on wet soil near entrance, 8.iii.2014 (S. Taylor, J. Jacoby, S. Hagan and R. Toomey), GLP-075, CDRS; 1♂ on slide, Cueva Chato 2, leaf litter at entrance, 15.iii.2014 (S. Taylor, J. Jacoby, S. Hagan and R. Toomey), GLP-086, INHS Acc. 567,406; 1 on slide, Cueva Chato 2, leaf litter at entrance, 15.iii.2014 (S. Taylor, J. Jacoby, S. Hagan and R. Toomey), GLP-086, CDRS; 2 on slides, Cueva Chato 2, leaf litter at entrance, 15.iii.2014 (S. Taylor, J. Jacoby, S. Hagan and R. Toomey), GLP-086, INHS Acc. 567,407 &amp; 567,408.
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="FF1C196BF1B3EF8F99C60315D9A03CEF" pageId="13" pageNumber="90">
<taxonomicName id="5F4084AAE5B787CE9EEF97D537499D5B" class="Collembola" family="Entomobryidae" genus="Lepidocyrtus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Lepidocyrtus leleupi" order="Entomobryomorpha" pageId="13" pageNumber="90" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="leleupi">Lepidocyrtus leleupi</taxonomicName>
Holotype,
<normalizedToken id="F08DD6E60305B367351213DC6A6E511C" originalValue="Galápagos">Galapagos</normalizedToken>
, Santa Cruz, humus
<normalizedToken id="869E1A41C4F9D93DE92C9D1CB9E4D3DA" originalValue="forêt">foret</normalizedToken>
humile, 200m, xi.1964; 11 paratypes with same collection information as holotype; 2 other slides with same collection locality, but 22.x.1964; 2 slides
<normalizedToken id="48222E0E7CE849AE3DA55AD58D822239" originalValue="Galápagos">Galapagos</normalizedToken>
, Santa Cruz, Station 92B, 17.ii.1974, I.G. 24.965, RBINS.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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data/2E/83/F6/2E83F654A1C45ECBAF2A43AD16461D0A.xml Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,289 @@
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<mods:title>On the clubionid spiders (Araneae, Clubionidae) from Xishuangbanna, China, with descriptions of two new genera and seven new species</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart>Zhang, Jianshuang</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Yu, Hao</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Li, Shuqiang</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3290-5416</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<taxonomicName LSID="http://zoobank.org/3051A41A-0FB2-4EBC-A194-7466527CF238" authority="Yu &amp; Li" authorityName="Yu &amp; Li" authorityYear="2021" class="Arachnida" family="Clubionidae" genus="Nusatidia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nusatidia changao" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="changao" status="sp. nov.">Nusatidia changao Yu &amp; Li</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="0" pageNumber="73">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Male palp of the holotype of Nusatidia changao sp. nov., left palp (A, B) and flipped right bulb (C-E) A prolateral view B retrolateral view C bulb, prolateral view D bulb, ventral view E bulb, retrolateral view. Abbreviations: C = conductor; E = embolus; EB = embolic base; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (equal for A, B, equal for C-E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1062.66845.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/599515" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Figs 11</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Nusatidia changao sp. nov., female paratype and male holotype, epigyne (A-D), male habitus (E, F) and female habitus (G, H) A intact, ventral view B cleared, ventral view C cleared, dorsal view D cleared, dorsal view; path of copulatory duct marked E dorsal view F lateral view G dorsal view H ventral view. Abbreviations: BS = bursa; CD = copulatory duct (dashed line showing schematic course of copulatory duct, dorsal); CO = copulatory opening; FD = fertilization duct; SP = spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (equal for A-D); 1 mm (equal for E, F, equal for G, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1062.66845.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/599516" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">, 12</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="type material">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Type material.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Holotype</emphasis>
♂ (IZCAS-Ar34731), China:
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Yunnan</emphasis>
: Xishuangbanna: Mengla County: Menglun Town: Menglun Nature Reserve: Secondary tropical montane evergreen broad-leaved forest (
<geoCoordinate degrees="21" direction="north" minutes="57.528" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="21.9588">21°57.528'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="101" direction="east" minutes="12.384" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.2064">101°12.384'E</geoCoordinate>
, 899 m), 6 August 2007, G. Zheng leg.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Paratype</emphasis>
: 1♀ (IZCAS-Ar34732), same data as holotype.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Other material examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2011-08-12" collectorName="G. Zheng" country="China" county="Mengla County" elevation="1080" latitude="21.9784" location="Menglun Town" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="101.32913" municipality="Xishuangbanna" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Yunnan">
<collectingCountry name="China">China</collectingCountry>
:
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<collectingRegion country="China" name="Yunnan">Yunnan</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
:
<collectingMunicipality>Xishuangbanna</collectingMunicipality>
:
<collectingCounty>Mengla County</collectingCounty>
:
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2E83F654A1C45ECBAF2A43AD16461D0A:E3A9AAF14D13B433A3DEA2A72F1891BC" country="China" county="Mengla County" latitude="21.9784" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="101.32913" municipality="Xishuangbanna" name="Menglun Town" stateProvince="Yunnan">Menglun Town</location>
:
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2E83F654A1C45ECBAF2A43AD16461D0A:81EF0C3641CD594F1C4B604CC25C0B14" country="China" county="Mengla County" latitude="21.9784" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="101.32913" municipality="Xishuangbanna" name="Menglun Nature Reserve" stateProvince="Yunnan">Menglun Nature Reserve</location>
:
<specimenCount type="male">1♂</specimenCount>
(YHCLU0152),
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.8" unit="km" value="48.0">48 km</quantity>
landmark in
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2E83F654A1C45ECBAF2A43AD16461D0A:6B7FEBEA3CBABDB86D892D4208A122C4" country="China" county="Mengla County" latitude="21.9784" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="101.32913" municipality="Xishuangbanna" name="Nature Reserve" stateProvince="Yunnan">Nature Reserve</location>
, seasonal rainforest (
<geoCoordinate degrees="21" direction="north" minutes="58.704" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="21.9784">21°58.704'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="101" direction="east" minutes="19.748" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="101.32913">101°19.748'E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.08" unit="m" value="1080.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.08" unit="m" value="1080.0">1080 m</elevation>
</quantity>
),
<collectingDate value="2011-08-12">12 August 2011</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName>G. Zheng</collectorName>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
;
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2012-08-22" collectorName="G. Zheng" country="China" elevation="730" latitude="22.126783" location="Nabanhe Nature Reserve" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="100.67567" municipality="Mengyang Town" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-female="1" stateProvince="Yunnan">
<collectingMunicipality>Mengyang Town</collectingMunicipality>
:
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2E83F654A1C45ECBAF2A43AD16461D0A:72B052DF45E17E8A231C093B9D8F4787" country="China" latitude="22.126783" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="100.67567" municipality="Mengyang Town" name="Nabanhe Nature Reserve" stateProvince="Yunnan">Nabanhe Nature Reserve</location>
:
<specimenCount type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
(YHCLU0129), waterfall, seasonal rainforest (
<geoCoordinate degrees="22" direction="north" minutes="7.607" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="22.126783">22°7.607'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="100" direction="east" minutes="40.540" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="100.67567">100°40.540'E</geoCoordinate>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.3" unit="m" value="730.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.3" unit="m" value="730.0">730 m</elevation>
</quantity>
),
<collectingDate value="2012-08-22">22 August 2012</collectingDate>
,
<collectorName>G. Zheng</collectorName>
leg.
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
The specific name is derived from the Chinese pinyin
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<normalizedToken originalValue="cháng">chang</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="áo">ao</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
, meaning long chelicerae, referring to the enlarged chelicerae of the male, which are approximately as long as the carapace; noun in apposition.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
Males of
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. changao" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="changao">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">N. changao</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. resemble those of
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. borneensis" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="borneensis">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">N. borneensis</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Deeleman-Reinhold, 2001 and
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. snazelli" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="snazelli">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">N. snazelli</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Deeleman-Reinhold, 2001 in having a similar embolus draped around the tegulum but differ by the tibial apophysis, which has a flange with jagged teeth like those on a saw (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Male palp of the holotype of Nusatidia changao sp. nov., left palp (A, B) and flipped right bulb (C-E) A prolateral view B retrolateral view C bulb, prolateral view D bulb, ventral view E bulb, retrolateral view. Abbreviations: C = conductor; E = embolus; EB = embolic base; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (equal for A, B, equal for C-E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1062.66845.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/599515" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">11B</figureCitation>
) (vs. smooth flange). Females of
<taxonomicName lsidName="N. changao" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" rank="species" species="changao">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">N. changao</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov. can be easily recognised by the lateral margins of the epigynal plate with copulatory openings under deep slits (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Nusatidia changao sp. nov., female paratype and male holotype, epigyne (A-D), male habitus (E, F) and female habitus (G, H) A intact, ventral view B cleared, ventral view C cleared, dorsal view D cleared, dorsal view; path of copulatory duct marked E dorsal view F lateral view G dorsal view H ventral view. Abbreviations: BS = bursa; CD = copulatory duct (dashed line showing schematic course of copulatory duct, dorsal); CO = copulatory opening; FD = fertilization duct; SP = spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (equal for A-D); 1 mm (equal for E, F, equal for G, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1062.66845.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/599516" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">12A-D</figureCitation>
) (vs. epigynal plate without lateral slits, copulatory openings located posteriorly). Males of this new species also can be easily recognised by the enlarged chelicerae, ~ as long as the carapace (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Nusatidia changao sp. nov., female paratype and male holotype, epigyne (A-D), male habitus (E, F) and female habitus (G, H) A intact, ventral view B cleared, ventral view C cleared, dorsal view D cleared, dorsal view; path of copulatory duct marked E dorsal view F lateral view G dorsal view H ventral view. Abbreviations: BS = bursa; CD = copulatory duct (dashed line showing schematic course of copulatory duct, dorsal); CO = copulatory opening; FD = fertilization duct; SP = spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (equal for A-D); 1 mm (equal for E, F, equal for G, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1062.66845.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/599516" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">12E</figureCitation>
) (vs. chelicerae unmodified, &lt;1/2 of carapace length).
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1062.66845.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/599515" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" start="Figure 11" startId="F11">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Figure 11.</emphasis>
Male palp of the holotype of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Yu &amp; Li" authorityYear="2021" class="Arachnida" family="Clubionidae" genus="Nusatidia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nusatidia changao" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="changao">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Nusatidia changao</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., left palp
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">(A, B)</emphasis>
and flipped right bulb (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">C-E</emphasis>
)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">A</emphasis>
prolateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">B</emphasis>
retrolateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">C</emphasis>
bulb, prolateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">D</emphasis>
bulb, ventral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">E</emphasis>
bulb, retrolateral view. Abbreviations: C = conductor; E = embolus; EB = embolic base; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (equal for
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">A, B</emphasis>
, equal for
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">C-E</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.1062.66845.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/599516" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" start="Figure 12" startId="F12">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Figure 12.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Yu &amp; Li" authorityYear="2021" class="Arachnida" family="Clubionidae" genus="Nusatidia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Nusatidia changao" order="Araneae" pageId="0" pageNumber="73" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="changao">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Nusatidia changao</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. nov., female paratype and male holotype, epigyne (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">A-D</emphasis>
), male habitus (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">E, F</emphasis>
) and female habitus (
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">G, H</emphasis>
)
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">A</emphasis>
intact, ventral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">B</emphasis>
cleared, ventral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">C</emphasis>
cleared, dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">D</emphasis>
cleared, dorsal view; path of copulatory duct marked
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">E</emphasis>
dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">F</emphasis>
lateral view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">G</emphasis>
dorsal view
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">H</emphasis>
ventral view. Abbreviations: BS = bursa; CD = copulatory duct (dashed line showing schematic course of copulatory duct, dorsal); CO = copulatory opening; FD = fertilization duct; SP = spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (equal for
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">A-D</emphasis>
); 1 mm (equal for
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">E, F</emphasis>
, equal for
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">G, H</emphasis>
).
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Male</emphasis>
(holotype) (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Nusatidia changao sp. nov., female paratype and male holotype, epigyne (A-D), male habitus (E, F) and female habitus (G, H) A intact, ventral view B cleared, ventral view C cleared, dorsal view D cleared, dorsal view; path of copulatory duct marked E dorsal view F lateral view G dorsal view H ventral view. Abbreviations: BS = bursa; CD = copulatory duct (dashed line showing schematic course of copulatory duct, dorsal); CO = copulatory opening; FD = fertilization duct; SP = spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (equal for A-D); 1 mm (equal for E, F, equal for G, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1062.66845.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/599516" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">12E, F</figureCitation>
): Total length 3.98; carapace 1.70 long, 1.48 wide; opisthosoma 2.29 long, 0.92 wide. Carapace red wine coloured, pars cephalica darker in ocular area, without distinct pattern; ocular region distinctly narrowed; cervical groove indistinct; tegument smooth, with short setae. Eyes: AER almost straight, PER wider than AER and slightly procurved in dorsal view. AME dark, other eyes light; with black rings. Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.10, ALE 0.14, PME 0.14, PLE 0.11, AME-AME 0.04, AME-ALE 0.08, PME-PME 0.21, PME-PLE 0.12, MOQL 0.34, MOQA 0.28, MOQP 0.45. Chelicerae protruded, approximately equal in length to carapace, coloured as ocular area, with five promarginal and two retromarginal teeth. Labium and endites coloured as chelicerae. Sternum yellowish white. Legs white. Leg measurements: I 8.12 (2.23, 3.37, 1.72, 0.80), II 9.28 (2.56, 3.88, 1.99, 0.85), III 6.24 (1.81, 2.01, 1.79, 0.58), IV 8.93 (2.46, 2.96, 2.72, 0.79). Abdomen (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Nusatidia changao sp. nov., female paratype and male holotype, epigyne (A-D), male habitus (E, F) and female habitus (G, H) A intact, ventral view B cleared, ventral view C cleared, dorsal view D cleared, dorsal view; path of copulatory duct marked E dorsal view F lateral view G dorsal view H ventral view. Abbreviations: BS = bursa; CD = copulatory duct (dashed line showing schematic course of copulatory duct, dorsal); CO = copulatory opening; FD = fertilization duct; SP = spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (equal for A-D); 1 mm (equal for E, F, equal for G, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1062.66845.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/599516" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">12E, F</figureCitation>
) dorsum yellowish white, dorsally with a wide scutum extended ~ 1/2 of abdomen length, gradually widened posteriorly, two pairs of inconspicuous sigilla on either side; venter, spinnerets light yellow.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
Palp (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 11" captionStartId="F11" captionText="Figure 11. Male palp of the holotype of Nusatidia changao sp. nov., left palp (A, B) and flipped right bulb (C-E) A prolateral view B retrolateral view C bulb, prolateral view D bulb, ventral view E bulb, retrolateral view. Abbreviations: C = conductor; E = embolus; EB = embolic base; RTA = retrolateral tibial apophysis. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (equal for A, B, equal for C-E)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1062.66845.figure11" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/599515" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">11A-E</figureCitation>
): Tibia relatively long, ~ 1/2 cymbium length; RTA stout, ~ 1/3-1/4 tibia length, with broad base and flange with jagged teeth like those on a saw. Bulb spherical, nearly as wide as long, sperm duct inconspicuous. Embolus at least 3
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
longer than tegulum, originating at centre of tegulum, draped around the tegulum, tapered to filiform, tip extended to anterior portion of tegulum, directed to 12
<normalizedToken originalValue="o’clock">o'clock</normalizedToken>
. Conductor large, membranous, at ~ 11
<normalizedToken originalValue="o’clock">o'clock</normalizedToken>
position.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Female</emphasis>
(paratype IZCAS-Ar34732): Total length 4.89; carapace 1.93 long, 1.45 wide; opisthosoma 2.97 long, 1.46 wide. Similar to males but with distinctly smaller chelicerae and longer body (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Nusatidia changao sp. nov., female paratype and male holotype, epigyne (A-D), male habitus (E, F) and female habitus (G, H) A intact, ventral view B cleared, ventral view C cleared, dorsal view D cleared, dorsal view; path of copulatory duct marked E dorsal view F lateral view G dorsal view H ventral view. Abbreviations: BS = bursa; CD = copulatory duct (dashed line showing schematic course of copulatory duct, dorsal); CO = copulatory opening; FD = fertilization duct; SP = spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (equal for A-D); 1 mm (equal for E, F, equal for G, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1062.66845.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/599516" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">12G, H</figureCitation>
). Eye sizes and interdistances: AME 0.08, ALE 0.09, PME 0.11, PLE 0.12, AME-AME 0.04, AME-ALE 0.06, PME-PME 0.18, PME-PLE 0.12, MOQL 0.30, MOQA 0.25, MOQP 0.41. Leg measurements: I 6.45 (1.89, 2.63, 1.26, 0.68), II 6.73 (1.92, 2.80, 1.34, 0.68), III 5.09 (1.62, 1.51, 1.43, 0.53), IV 7.28 (2.04, 2.25, 2.30, 0.69).
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">
Epigyne (Fig.
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 12" captionStartId="F12" captionText="Figure 12. Nusatidia changao sp. nov., female paratype and male holotype, epigyne (A-D), male habitus (E, F) and female habitus (G, H) A intact, ventral view B cleared, ventral view C cleared, dorsal view D cleared, dorsal view; path of copulatory duct marked E dorsal view F lateral view G dorsal view H ventral view. Abbreviations: BS = bursa; CD = copulatory duct (dashed line showing schematic course of copulatory duct, dorsal); CO = copulatory opening; FD = fertilization duct; SP = spermatheca. Scale bars: 0.10 mm (equal for A-D); 1 mm (equal for E, F, equal for G, H)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1062.66845.figure12" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/599516" pageId="0" pageNumber="73">12A-D</figureCitation>
): Plate trapezoidal, broad, nearly as wide as long, lateral margins concave medially, forming 2 windows. Copulatory openings inconspicuous, located at windows. Hyaline copulatory ducts long, strongly convoluted, proximally enlarged, cup-shaped, ducts ascending obliquely to middle, expanded laterally, then retracing anteriorly to form oblique arch, descending posteriorly to spermathecae. Spermathecae peanut-shaped, centrally located, separated by 1.5 diameters of a spermatheca. Bursae oblong, hyaline, situated posteriorly, close together, ~ 1.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
wider than long, surface translucent, smooth. Fertilisation ducts acicular, originating on posterior surface of spermathecae.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="73" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="73">Known only from the type locality.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>