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<document ENCODING="UTF-8" ID-DOI="https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.542" ID-GBIF-Dataset="57ea6fdb-2533-44e5-b60b-736758a88d19" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3922206" ID-ZooBank="2C6327E1-5560-4DB4-B9CA-76A0FA03D975" checkinTime="1593218702860" checkinUser="admin" docAuthor="Linnaeus, Carolus" docDate="1758" docId="2E3118743597C0F32AD1AC450C301D48" docLanguage="de" docName="Linnaeus1758Treatments.xml" docOrigin="Stockholm: Laurentius Salvius" docSource="https://archive.org/download/mobot31753000798865/mobot31753000798865.pdf" docTitle="Papilio rhamni Linnaeus, 1758, spec. nov." docType="treatment" docUuid="EDD089EC-646A-4860-8835-D09DB6ACCE81" docUuidSource="ZooBank" docVersion="14" lastPageNumber="470" masterDocId="3F896AFC21C459639D0D71D9EDB8875C" masterDocTitle="Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis" pageNumber="470" updateTime="1643600433100" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Systema Naturae per regna tria naturae: secundum classes, ordines, genera, species, cum characteribus, differentiis, synonymis, locis</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Linnaeus, Carolus</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:originInfo>
<mods:dateIssued>1758</mods:dateIssued>
<mods:publisher>Laurentius Salvius</mods:publisher>
<mods:place>
<mods:placeTerm>Stockholm</mods:placeTerm>
</mods:place>
</mods:originInfo>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>https://archive.org/download/mobot31753000798865/mobot31753000798865.pdf</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>book</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="ZooBank">2C6327E1-5560-4DB4-B9CA-76A0FA03D975</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.542</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">3922206</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3922457" ID-GBIF-Taxon="164812606" ID-Zenodo-Dep="3922457" LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:EDD089EC-646A-4860-8835-D09DB6ACCE81" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2E3118743597C0F32AD1AC450C301D48" lastPageNumber="470" pageNumber="470" sourcePageUrl="https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/727381">
<subSubSection type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageNumber="470">
<taxonomicName LSID="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:EDD089EC-646A-4860-8835-D09DB6ACCE81" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1758" class="Insecta" family="Papilionidae" genus="Papilio" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rhamni" status="spec. nov." zbkClass="Insecta" zbkKingdom="Animalia" zbkOrder="Lepidoptera">Papilio rhamni</taxonomicName>
[
<taxonomicNameLabel rank="species">spec. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
]
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection type="description">
<paragraph pageNumber="470">
P. D. alis integerrimis angulatis flavis
<emphasis italics="true">:</emphasis>
singulis puncto flavo: subtus ferrugineo.
<emphasis italics="true">Fn. svec.</emphasis>
795.
</paragraph>
<emphasis italics="true">Mouff. ins.</emphasis>
198.
<emphasis italics="true">t.</emphasis>
193.
<emphasis italics="true">f.</emphasis>
1.
<emphasis italics="true">Raj. ins.</emphasis>
112.
<emphasis italics="true">n.</emphasis>
4.
<paragraph pageNumber="470">
<emphasis italics="true">Jonst. ins. t.</emphasis>
5, 6.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageNumber="470">
<emphasis italics="true">De Geer. ins.</emphasis>
1.
<emphasis italics="true">t.</emphasis>
15.
<emphasis italics="true">f.</emphasis>
8, 9.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageNumber="470">
<emphasis italics="true">Robert ic. t.</emphasis>
13.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageNumber="470">
<emphasis italics="true">Roes. ins.</emphasis>
3
<emphasis italics="true">t.</emphasis>
46.
<emphasis italics="true">f.</emphasis>
1, 2, 3.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageNumber="470">
<emphasis italics="true">Alb. ins t.</emphasis>
2.
<emphasis italics="true">f.</emphasis>
3. @/
<emphasis italics="true">Wilk. pap.</emphasis>
48.
<emphasis italics="true">t.</emphasis>
1.
<emphasis italics="true">a.</emphasis>
2.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection type="distribution">
<paragraph pageNumber="470">
<emphasis italics="true">Habitat in</emphasis>
Rhamno
<emphasis italics="true">Europae, Africae.</emphasis>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.90936" ID-Pensoft-Pub="2032-3921-2-275" ID-Pensoft-UUID="EBD98FA6B3495F92AE5F49955ACA76C3" ID-Zenodo-Dep="6960718" ModsDocID="2032-3921-155-2-275" checkinTime="1667483787521" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Lachenaud, Olivier &amp; Delprete, Piero" docDate="2022" docId="2E311B2FB1AB57AABF84D3A227823BBA" docLanguage="en" docName="PlantEcolEvol 155(2): 275-300" docOrigin="Plant Ecology and Evolution 155 (2)" docPubDate="2022-08-02" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.90936" docTitle="Carapichea adinantha C. M. Taylor (Taylor and Gereau 2013" docType="treatment" docVersion="1" id="EBD98FA6B3495F92AE5F49955ACA76C3" lastPageNumber="275" masterDocId="EBD98FA6B3495F92AE5F49955ACA76C3" masterDocTitle="Revision of Carapichea (Rubiaceae - Psychotrieae) in the Guianas, with two new combinations and transfer of three species to Notopleura" masterLastPageNumber="300" masterPageNumber="275" pageNumber="275" updateTime="1667483787521" updateUser="pensoft">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Revision of Carapichea (Rubiaceae - Psychotrieae) in the Guianas, with two new combinations and transfer of three species to Notopleura</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Lachenaud, Olivier</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8972-4096</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Meise Botanic Garden, Meise, Belgium</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">olivier.lachenaud@meisebotanicgarden.be</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Delprete, Piero</mods:namePart>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="ORCID">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5844-3945</mods:nameIdentifier>
<mods:affiliation>Herbier de Guyane, Cayenne, French Guiana</mods:affiliation>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
<mods:relatedItem type="host">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Plant Ecology and Evolution</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2022</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2022-08-02</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>155</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="issue">
<mods:number>2</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>275</mods:start>
<mods:end>300</mods:end>
</mods:extent>
</mods:part>
</mods:relatedItem>
<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.90936</mods:url>
</mods:location>
<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.5091/plecevo.90936</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">2032-3921-2-275</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">EBD98FA6B3495F92AE5F49955ACA76C3</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">6960718</mods:identifier>
</mods:mods>
<treatment LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2E311B2FB1AB57AABF84D3A227823BBA" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2E311B2FB1AB57AABF84D3A227823BBA" lastPageNumber="275" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="275" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
1.
<taxonomicName LSID="2E311B2F-B1AB-57AA-BF84-D3A227823BBA" authority="(Standl.) C. M. Taylor (Taylor and Gereau 2013: 123)" authorityName="C. M. Taylor (Taylor and Gereau" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Standl." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Carapichea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Carapichea adinantha" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adinantha">Carapichea adinantha (Standl.) C.M.Taylor (Taylor and Gereau 2013: 123)</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="275" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Carapichea adinantha. A - B. Detail of inflorescence with buds and one open flower. C. Fruiting plant. D. Infructescence with mature fruits. E. Infructescence with mature fruits, some eaten by birds. A-B from Gonzalez et al. 3281; C-E from Gonzalez 1368. Photographs by Sophie Gonzalez." figureDoi="10.5091/plecevo.90936.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/722553" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="275" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Retiniphyllum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Retiniphyllum adinanthum" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adinanthum">Retiniphyllum adinanthum</taxonomicName>
Standl. (
<bibRefCitation author="Standley, PC" journalOrPublisher="Publications of the Field Museum of Natural History, Botanical Series" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" pagination="295 - 398" refId="B39" refString="Standley, PC, 1931. Studies of American plants-V. Publications of the Field Museum of Natural History, Botanical Series 8 (5): 295 - 398" title="Studies of American plants-V." volume="8" year="1931">Standley 1931</bibRefCitation>
: 355)
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Stachyococcus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Stachyococcus adinanthus" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adinanthus">Stachyococcus adinanthus</taxonomicName>
(Standl.) Standl. (
<bibRefCitation author="Standley, PC" editor="Macbride, JF" journalOrPublisher="Publications of the Field Museum of Natural History, Botanical Series 13 (6)" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" pagination="3 - 261" refId="B40" refString="Standley, PC, 1936. Rubiaceae. In: Macbride, JF, Ed., Flora of Peru. Publications of the Field Museum of Natural History, Botanical Series 13(6): 3 - 261" title="Rubiaceae." volumeTitle="Flora of Peru." year="1936">Standley 1936</bibRefCitation>
: 144)
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="275" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1930-02" collectingDateMax="1930-03-31" collectingDateMin="1930-02" country="PERU" elevation="100" location="Mishayacu" municipality="Iquitos" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Loreto" typeStatus="holotype">
<collectingCountry name="Peru">PERU</collectingCountry>
-
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<collectingRegion country="Peru" name="Loreto">Loreto</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
• near
<collectingMunicipality>Iquitos</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2E311B2FB1AB57AABF84D3A227823BBA:78BE9BE5C7A678D8025453EF22BE9F99" country="PERU" municipality="Iquitos" name="Mishayacu" stateProvince="Loreto">Mishayacu</location>
;
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="100.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" unit="m" value="100.0">100 m</elevation>
</quantity>
;
<collectingDate value="1930-02" valueMax="1930-03-31" valueMin="1930-02-00">Feb.-Mar. 1930</collectingDate>
; fl.;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Klug 988</emphasis>
;
<typeStatus>holotype</typeStatus>
: F [No. 612612]; isotypes: NY [00133128]
</materialsCitation>
,
<collectingCountry name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
[0013820].
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.5091/plecevo.90936.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/722553" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Figure 2.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="C. M. Taylor (Taylor and Gereau" authorityYear="2013" baseAuthorityName="Standl." class="Magnoliopsida" family="Rubiaceae" genus="Carapichea" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Carapichea adinantha" order="Gentianales" pageId="0" pageNumber="275" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="adinantha">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Carapichea adinantha</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">A</emphasis>
-
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">B</emphasis>
. Detail of inflorescence with buds and one open flower.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">C</emphasis>
. Fruiting plant.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">D</emphasis>
. Infructescence with mature fruits.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">E</emphasis>
. Infructescence with mature fruits, some eaten by birds. A-B from
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Gonzalez et al. 3281</emphasis>
; C-E from
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Gonzalez 1368</emphasis>
. Photographs by Sophie Gonzalez.
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="275" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
Shrub or small tree up to 4 m tall, sparsely branched; terminal branchlets terete or slightly laterally compressed, 2.5-3.0 mm in diam., glabrous, soon covered with a greyish-beige thin bark. Stipules free, interpetiolar, 2-5 mm long, bifid at apex, each lobe deltoid to lanceolate, 1-2 mm wide at base, acute to acuminate, glabrous. Leaves with petioles 1.5-3.0 cm long, glabrous; blades elliptic, oblong-elliptic oblong-lanceolate, 19-34
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
5.5-15 cm, acute at base, acuminate at apex, chartaceous to papyraceous when dry, entirely glabrous, drying olive-green; midrib and secondary veins slightly prominent on the upper side; secondary veins 9-12 on each side of the midrib, ascending and forming loops away from the margin; intersecondary veins 2-3 between each couple of secondary veins, terminating far from the margin; tertiary veins reticulate, sparse. Inflorescences terminal, erect, spiciform, 7-20 cm long, with (6-)7-9 multiflorous glomerules, rachis minutely puberulous; peduncle 1.0-8.7 cm long; bracts subtending each glomerule shallowly ovate to broadly deltoid, 1-2 mm long. Flowers 5-merous, sessile (heterostylous?). Hypanthium glabrous or sparsely puberulous. Disk 5-sulcate laterally. Calyx cupuliform, 1.0-2.2 mm long, minutely puberulous, margin truncate, undulate or shallowly denticulate, ciliate. Corolla hypocrateriform, white; tube cylindrical, 4.5-7.0 mm long, 1.5-1.7 mm wide, granular-puberulous outside, glabrous inside; lobes imbricate, 3.5-4.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.4-1.7 mm, reflexed at anthesis, internally appendiculate, granular-puberulous outside, glabrous inside; appendages linear, 1.5-2.0 mm long. Stamens inserted at 1.0-1.5 mm from base of corolla tube, included; filaments 1.1-1.3 mm long; anthers linear, 2.3-2.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.2-0.3 mm. Style as long as corolla tube (branch tips barely exserted), ca 4.5-7.0 mm long, style branches linear, 1.3-1.5 mm long. Fruits drupaceous, fleshy, red to pink when immature (one collection reported as
<normalizedToken originalValue="“white”">&quot;white&quot;</normalizedToken>
), turning dark blue to black at maturity, interior spongy-white, ellipsoid to subglobose, 13-14
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
9-10 mm when fresh, 7-16
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
5-12 mm when dry, glabrous, sessile. Pyrenes 2, thin-walled, plano-convex, elliptic to narrowly elliptic in outline, 9-10
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
7-8 mm, dorsal side smooth (i.e. without ridges), ventral side flat (without longitudinal furrow), with a pore with a raphal plug, sometimes with short basal marginal slits. Seeds with a deep T-shaped ventral groove in cross-section.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="275" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
This species occurs sporadically in Amazonian Peru, Colombia, Brazil (Acre,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Amapá">Amapa</normalizedToken>
, Amazonas,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pará">Para</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rondônia">Rondonia</normalizedToken>
), and French Guiana.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="275" type="ecology">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Ecology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">In undercanopy of terra firme primary and secondary forest, often at river margins, on clay soil, at 100-200(-300) m in elevation.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="275" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2008-07-09" collectingDateMax="2015-03-12" collectingDateMin="2008-07-09" country="US" county="Sommet en Cloche" elevation="120" latitude="2.2277777" location="Approuague River Basin" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-54.469444" municipality="Riviere Kourouai" specimenCount="1">
FRENCH GUIANA •
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2E311B2FB1AB57AABF84D3A227823BBA:BEBE037017FF20CC8C542AF852FCA71A" country="US" county="Sommet en Cloche" latitude="2.2277777" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-54.469444" municipality="Riviere Kourouai" name="Approuague River Basin">
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2E311B2FB1AB57AABF84D3A227823BBA:4D364262865B029B7B396EAEB597D771" country="US" county="Sommet en Cloche" latitude="2.2277777" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-54.469444" municipality="Riviere Kourouai" name="Approuague River">
Approuague
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2E311B2FB1AB57AABF84D3A227823BBA:E297AC063335790BFEC5696F0E10D223" country="US" county="Sommet en Cloche" latitude="2.2277777" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-54.469444" municipality="Riviere Kourouai" name="River Basin">River Basin</location>
</location>
</location>
,
<collectingMunicipality>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rivière">Riviere</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Kourouaï">Kourouai</normalizedToken>
</collectingMunicipality>
;
<geoCoordinate degrees="4" direction="north" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="4.25">4°15'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="52" direction="west" minutes="01" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-52.016666">52°01'W</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="m" value="120.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="m" value="120.0">120 m</elevation>
</quantity>
;
<collectingDate value="2008-07-09">9 Jul. 2008</collectingDate>
; fr.;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Gonzalez 1368</emphasis>
; BR, CAY, L, MO, NY, P,
<collectingCountry name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
• Monts Tumuc-Humac,
<collectingCounty>Sommet en Cloche</collectingCounty>
;
<geoCoordinate degrees="2" direction="north" minutes="13" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="40" value="2.2277777">
2°13
<normalizedToken originalValue="’40”">'40&quot;</normalizedToken>
N
</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="54" direction="west" minutes="28" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="10" value="-54.469444">
54°28
<normalizedToken originalValue="’10”">'10&quot;</normalizedToken>
W
</geoCoordinate>
;
<collectingDate value="2015-03-12">12 Mar. 2015</collectingDate>
; fl.;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Gonzalez 3281</emphasis>
; BR, CAY
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2001-11-22" collectingDateMax="2001-11-23" collectingDateMin="2001-11-22" country="BRAZIL" county="Mun. Cruzeiro do Sul" elevation="33" latitude="-7.5455556" location="Rio Jurua" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-72.74194" municipality="Rio Branco" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Acre">
<collectingCountry name="Brazil">BRAZIL</collectingCountry>
-
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<collectingRegion country="Brazil" name="Acre">Acre</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
•
<collectingCounty>Mun. Cruzeiro do Sul</collectingCounty>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Rio Branco</collectingMunicipality>
, ca
<quantity metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" unit="km" value="25.0">25 km</quantity>
from
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2E311B2FB1AB57AABF84D3A227823BBA:8DEAAD4DD53153DB9FFE16840C8F8907" country="BRAZIL" county="Mun. Cruzeiro do Sul" latitude="-7.5455556" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-72.74194" municipality="Rio Branco" name="Rio Jurua" stateProvince="Acre">
Rio
<normalizedToken originalValue="Juruá">Jurua</normalizedToken>
</location>
, secondary forest with canopy
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.0" unit="m" value="32.5" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="30.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="3.5" metricValueMin="3.0" unit="m" value="32.5" valueMax="35.0" valueMin="30.0">30-35 m</elevation>
</quantity>
tall;
<geoCoordinate degrees="7" direction="south" minutes="45" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-7.75">7°45'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="72" direction="west" minutes="17" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-72.28333">72°17'W</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" unit="m" value="240.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.4" unit="m" value="240.0">240 m</elevation>
</quantity>
;
<collectingDate value="2001-11-22">22 Nov. 2001</collectingDate>
; fl.;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Delprete et al. 8045</emphasis>
; NY, UFACPZ, additional duplicates at UFACPZ to be distributed •
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2E311B2FB1AB57AABF84D3A227823BBA:7F30278E756010FE2485292E82BD73F1" country="BRAZIL" county="Mun. Cruzeiro do Sul" latitude="-7.5455556" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-72.74194" municipality="Rio Branco" name="Mun. Cruzeiro do Sul" stateProvince="Acre">Mun. Cruzeiro do Sul</location>
, road
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2E311B2FB1AB57AABF84D3A227823BBA:2E50ED822A4EA9B4DE0C96D73F339319" country="BRAZIL" county="Mun. Cruzeiro do Sul" latitude="-7.5455556" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-72.74194" municipality="Rio Branco" name="Cruzeiro do Sul-Rio Branco" stateProvince="Acre">Cruzeiro do Sul-Rio Branco</location>
, road to Canela Fina, ca
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" unit="km" value="7.0">7 km</quantity>
from 3-way junction at
<locationDeviation location="Cruzeiro do Sul">
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.0" unit="km" value="5.0">5 km</quantity>
N of Cruzeiro do Sul
</locationDeviation>
;
<geoCoordinate degrees="7" direction="south" minutes="32" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="44" value="-7.5455556">
7°32
<normalizedToken originalValue="’44”">'44&quot;</normalizedToken>
S
</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="72" direction="west" minutes="44" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="31" value="-72.74194">
72°44
<normalizedToken originalValue="’31”">'31&quot;</normalizedToken>
W
</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" unit="m" value="220.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.2" unit="m" value="220.0">220 m</elevation>
</quantity>
;
<collectingDate value="2001-11-23">23 Nov. 2001</collectingDate>
; fl.;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Delprete et al. 8078</emphasis>
; NY, UFACPZ, additional duplicates at UFACPZ to be distributed
</materialsCitation>
. -
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2006-03-06" collectorName="Hamada" country="Brazil" county="Parque Nacional Montanhas do Tumucumaque" location="Rio Anacui" municipality="Rio Amapari" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Amapa">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Amapá">
<collectingRegion country="Brazil" name="Amapa">Amapa</collectingRegion>
</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
•
<collectingCounty>Parque Nacional Montanhas do Tumucumaque</collectingCounty>
, cabeceiras do
<collectingMunicipality>
Rio
<normalizedToken originalValue="Amaparí">Amapari</normalizedToken>
</collectingMunicipality>
, margem esquerdo do
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2E311B2FB1AB57AABF84D3A227823BBA:4B358890E9858490DB10C68FD7870FA2" country="Brazil" county="Parque Nacional Montanhas do Tumucumaque" municipality="Rio Amapari" name="Rio Anacui" stateProvince="Amapa">
Rio
<normalizedToken originalValue="Anacuí">Anacui</normalizedToken>
</location>
, trilha 1, floresta de terra firme;
<collectingDate value="2006-03-06">6 Mar. 2006</collectingDate>
; fl.;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<collectorName>Hamada</collectorName>
et al. 139
</emphasis>
; INPA, MO n.v
</materialsCitation>
. -
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1933-06-06" collectingDateMax="1989-04-01" collectingDateMin="1933-06-06" collectorName="Distrito Agropecuario, Fazenda Porto Alegre, Reserva, Cabo Frio" country="Brazil" county="Basin of Rio Jurua" elevation="88" latitude="-7.5" location="Rio Tarauaca" longLatPrecision="1303" longitude="-70.25" municipality="Rio Embira" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Amazonas">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<collectingRegion country="Brazil" name="Amazonas">Amazonas</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
•
<collectorName>
Distrito
<normalizedToken originalValue="Agropecuário">Agropecuario</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
,
<collectorName>Fazenda Porto Alegre</collectorName>
,
<collectorName>Reserva</collectorName>
3402 (
<collectorName>Cabo Frio</collectorName>
) of the WWF/INPA MCS project;
<geoCoordinate degrees="2" direction="south" minutes="25" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="25" value="-2.4236112">
2°25
<normalizedToken originalValue="’25”">'25&quot;</normalizedToken>
S
</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="59" direction="west" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="38" value="-59.910557">
59°54
<normalizedToken originalValue="’38”">'38&quot;</normalizedToken>
W
</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.75" metricValueMax="12.5" metricValueMin="5.0" unit="m" value="87.5" valueMax="125.0" valueMin="50.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.75" metricValueMax="12.5" metricValueMin="5.0" unit="m" value="87.5" valueMax="125.0" valueMin="50.0">50-125 m</elevation>
</quantity>
;
<collectingDate value="1989-04-01">1 Apr. 1989</collectingDate>
; fr.;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Aquino et al. 3</emphasis>
; INPA •
<collectingCounty>
Basin of Rio
<normalizedToken originalValue="Juruá">Jurua</normalizedToken>
</collectingCounty>
, near mouth of
<collectingMunicipality>Rio Embira</collectingMunicipality>
(tributary of
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2E311B2FB1AB57AABF84D3A227823BBA:641922C7469C38D7AC3D30DB3EEC4B04" country="Brazil" county="Basin of Rio Jurua" latitude="-7.5" longLatPrecision="1303" longitude="-70.25" municipality="Rio Embira" name="Rio Tarauaca" stateProvince="Amazonas">
Rio
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tarauacá">Tarauaca</normalizedToken>
</location>
);
<geoCoordinate degrees="7" direction="south" minutes="30" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-7.5">7°30'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="70" direction="west" minutes="15" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-70.25">70°15'W</geoCoordinate>
;
<collectingDate value="1933-06-06">6 Jun. 1933</collectingDate>
; fr.;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Krukoff 4682</emphasis>
; K, M, MO •
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2E311B2FB1AB57AABF84D3A227823BBA:137D404C9784BB60029A5501551A203F" country="Brazil" county="Basin of Rio Jurua" latitude="-7.5" longLatPrecision="1303" longitude="-70.25" municipality="Rio Embira" name="Basin of Rio Jurua" stateProvince="Amazonas">
Basin of Rio
<normalizedToken originalValue="Juruá">Jurua</normalizedToken>
</location>
, near mouth of
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2E311B2FB1AB57AABF84D3A227823BBA:EE398F077B0BF407CB1659BEDE89C485" country="Brazil" county="Basin of Rio Jurua" latitude="-7.5" longLatPrecision="1303" longitude="-70.25" municipality="Rio Embira" name="Rio Embira" stateProvince="Amazonas">Rio Embira</location>
;
<collectingDate value="1933-06-17">17 Jun. 1933</collectingDate>
; fr.;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Krukoff 4900</emphasis>
; M, MO, NY
</materialsCitation>
,
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1917-12-30" collectingDateMax="2015-04-23" collectingDateMin="1917-12-30" collectorName="Para, Igarape das Pedras, Cataractam Furnas, Ducke, Rondonia, Sao Sebastiao, Frame, Estrada Porto Velho-Cuiaba, Freitas" country="US" county="Rio Tapajoz" latitude="-9.251667" location="Floresta Nacional do Jamari" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-62.910557" municipality="Itapua do Oeste" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Amazonas">
<collectingCountry name="United States of America">US</collectingCountry>
. -
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pará">
<collectorName>Para</collectorName>
</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
•
<collectorName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Igarapé">Igarape</normalizedToken>
das Pedras
</collectorName>
,
<collectorName>Cataractam Furnas</collectorName>
,
<collectingCounty>
Rio
<normalizedToken originalValue="Tapajóz">Tapajoz</normalizedToken>
</collectingCounty>
;
<collectingDate value="1917-12-30">30 Dec. 1917</collectingDate>
; fl.;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<collectorName>Ducke</collectorName>
s.n. (MG 16859, RB 23125)
</emphasis>
; B destroyed (photo at F), RB. -
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Rondônia">
<collectorName>Rondonia</collectorName>
</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
• ca
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="km" value="4.0">4 km</quantity>
ENE along rd to
<collectorName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="São">Sao</normalizedToken>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sebastião">Sebastiao</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
off BR-364, terra firme forest;
<collectingDate value="1984-05-24">24 May 1984</collectingDate>
; fr.;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<collectorName>Frame</collectorName>
160
</emphasis>
; INPA, MO n.v., NY •
<collectorName>
Estrada Porto
<normalizedToken originalValue="Velho-Cuiabá">Velho-Cuiaba</normalizedToken>
</collectorName>
, BR-364, km 171, mata de terra firme;
<collectingDate value="1983-02-06">6 Feb. 1983</collectingDate>
; fr.;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<collectorName>Freitas</collectorName>
et al. 13
</emphasis>
; INPA •
<collectingMunicipality>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Itapuã">Itapua</normalizedToken>
do Oeste
</collectingMunicipality>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2E311B2FB1AB57AABF84D3A227823BBA:59569F3B0BF1B8DF2F742FECB021A85D" country="US" county="Rio Tapajoz" latitude="-9.251667" longLatPrecision="21" longitude="-62.910557" municipality="Itapua do Oeste" name="Floresta Nacional do Jamari" stateProvince="Amazonas">Floresta Nacional do Jamari</location>
, parcela convenio NYBG-RON;
<geoCoordinate degrees="9" direction="south" minutes="15" orientation="latitude" precision="15" seconds="6" value="-9.251667">
9°15
<normalizedToken originalValue="’6”">'6&quot;</normalizedToken>
S
</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="62" direction="west" minutes="54" orientation="longitude" precision="15" seconds="38" value="-62.910557">
62°54
<normalizedToken originalValue="’38”">'38&quot;</normalizedToken>
W
</geoCoordinate>
;
<collectingDate value="2015-04-23">23 Apr. 2015</collectingDate>
; fr.;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Medeiros et al. 1692</emphasis>
; MO n.v., NY, RON
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1989-01-23" collectorName="Gentry, Sanchez" country="COLOMBIA" elevation="200" latitude="-0.41666666" location="Yari" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-72.333336" municipality="Araracuara" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Caqueta">
<collectingCountry name="Colombia">COLOMBIA</collectingCountry>
-
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Caquetá">
<collectingRegion country="Colombia" name="Caqueta">Caqueta</collectingRegion>
</normalizedToken>
</emphasis>
•
<collectingMunicipality>Araracuara</collectingMunicipality>
, trocha
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2E311B2FB1AB57AABF84D3A227823BBA:B4FE51C8732BDA6D48FB01D377D327DB" country="COLOMBIA" latitude="-0.41666666" longLatPrecision="1308" longitude="-72.333336" municipality="Araracuara" name="Yari" stateProvince="Caqueta">Yari</location>
;
<geoCoordinate degrees="0" direction="south" minutes="25" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-0.41666666">0°25'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="72" direction="west" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-72.333336">72°20'W</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="m" value="200.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="m" value="200.0">200 m</elevation>
</quantity>
;
<collectingDate value="1989-01-23">23 Jan. 1989</collectingDate>
; fl.;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<collectorName>Gentry</collectorName>
&amp;
<normalizedToken originalValue="Sánchez">
<collectorName>Sanchez</collectorName>
</normalizedToken>
65001
</emphasis>
; COL, MO n.v
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="1962-12-07" collectingDateMax="1991-02-15" collectingDateMin="1962-12-07" collectorName="de Sucusari, Vasquez, Nauta-Iquitos, Arevalo, Iquitos, Asociacion Agraria Paujil, Jaramillo, Allpahuayo" country="PERU" county="Maynas Prov." elevation="120" latitude="-4.1666665" location="Rio Napo" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="-73.333336" municipality="Explornapo Camp" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Loreto">
<collectingCountry name="Peru">PERU</collectingCountry>
-
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<collectingRegion country="Peru" name="Loreto">Loreto</collectingRegion>
</emphasis>
•
<collectingCounty>Maynas Prov.</collectingCounty>
, Dtto.
<collectingRegion country="Peru" name="Amazonas">Amazonas</collectingRegion>
,
<collectingMunicipality>Explornapo Camp</collectingMunicipality>
, cerca
<collectorName>de Sucusari</collectorName>
, a lo largo del
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2E311B2FB1AB57AABF84D3A227823BBA:04CB24B52B4A467AF64FE239D62DD550" country="PERU" county="Maynas Prov." latitude="-4.1666665" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="-73.333336" municipality="Explornapo Camp" name="Rio Napo" stateProvince="Loreto">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Napo
</location>
;
<geoCoordinate degrees="3" direction="south" minutes="20" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-3.3333333">3°20'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="72" direction="west" minutes="55" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-72.916664">72°55'W</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="m" value="120.0" valueMax="140.0" valueMin="100.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" metricValueMax="1.4" metricValueMin="1.0" unit="m" value="120.0" valueMax="140.0" valueMin="100.0">100-140 m</elevation>
</quantity>
;
<collectingDate value="1991-02-15">15 Feb. 1991</collectingDate>
; fl.;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Pipoly et al. 12979</emphasis>
; MO • Chacra
<normalizedToken originalValue="Canamá">Canama</normalizedToken>
, Requena;
<collectingDate value="1962-12-07">7 Dec. 1962</collectingDate>
; fl.;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Schunke Vigo 6243</emphasis>
; K • Prov. Requena, Jenaro Herrera;
<geoCoordinate degrees="4" direction="south" minutes="50" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-4.8333335">4°50'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="73" direction="west" minutes="45" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-73.75">73°45'W</geoCoordinate>
;
<quantity metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" unit="m" value="170.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.7" unit="m" value="170.0">170 m</elevation>
</quantity>
;
<collectingDate value="1981-07-05">5 Jul. 1981</collectingDate>
; fr.;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Vásquez">
<collectorName>Vasquez</collectorName>
</normalizedToken>
et al. 2192
</emphasis>
; MO • carretera
<collectorName>Nauta-Iquitos</collectorName>
km 5;
<geoCoordinate degrees="4" direction="south" minutes="29" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-4.483333">4°29'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="73" direction="west" minutes="35" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-73.583336">73°35'W</geoCoordinate>
;
<collectingDate value="1987-03-28">28 Mar. 1987</collectingDate>
; fr.;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Vásquez">
<collectorName>Vasquez</collectorName>
</normalizedToken>
&amp;
<collectorName>Arevalo</collectorName>
8984
</emphasis>
; P •
<collectorName>Iquitos</collectorName>
,
<collectorName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Asociación">Asociacion</normalizedToken>
Agraria Paujil
</collectorName>
;
<geoCoordinate degrees="4" direction="south" minutes="10" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="-4.1666665">4°10'S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="73" direction="west" minutes="20" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="-73.333336">73°20'W</geoCoordinate>
;
<collectingDate value="1988-07-02">2 Jul. 1988</collectingDate>
; fr.;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Vásquez">
<collectorName>Vasquez</collectorName>
</normalizedToken>
&amp;
<collectorName>Jaramillo</collectorName>
10837
</emphasis>
; P •
<collectorName>Allpahuayo</collectorName>
,
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2E311B2FB1AB57AABF84D3A227823BBA:785A9081E7EDABB07369A570A155A6F5" country="PERU" county="Maynas Prov." latitude="-4.1666665" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="-73.333336" municipality="Explornapo Camp" name="Estacion Experimental del Instituto de Investigaciones" stateProvince="Loreto">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Estación">Estacion</normalizedToken>
Experimental del
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2E311B2FB1AB57AABF84D3A227823BBA:EC5BA17C9E649D4A6D242A8F72D46EF3" country="PERU" county="Maynas Prov." latitude="-4.1666665" longLatPrecision="1307" longitude="-73.333336" municipality="Explornapo Camp" name="Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonia Peruana" stateProvince="Loreto">Instituto de Investigaciones de la Amazonia Peruana</location>
</location>
;
<collectingDate value="1990-06-02">2 Jun. 1990</collectingDate>
; fr.;
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
<normalizedToken originalValue="Vásquez">
<collectorName>Vasquez</collectorName>
</normalizedToken>
&amp;
<collectorName>Jaramillo</collectorName>
14029
</emphasis>
; P
</materialsCitation>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="0" pageNumber="275" type="notes">
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="0" pageNumber="275">
This species has recently been collected in French Guiana and the adjacent Brazilian state of
<normalizedToken originalValue="Amapá">Amapa</normalizedToken>
, which represents a major eastern range extension. Although this species is known from numerous specimens, most of them are fruiting and we were able to dissect only a few flowers. In these flowers, the stamens are inserted at 1.0-1.5 mm from base of corolla tube and are included, while the style is as long as the corolla tube, with the branch tips barely exserted. Though we have not seen a short-styled form, we suspect the species may be heterostylous, as many of its congeners.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

259
data/2E/31/71/2E3171AAAA64539F82DC2DFCA74FE2D8.xml Normal file
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@ -0,0 +1,259 @@
<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.876.36472" ID-GBIF-Dataset="b1a5930e-246e-4123-a748-f89ebb8a9cf3" ID-PMC="PMC6761209" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1313-2970-876-1" ID-Pensoft-UUID="81BC946DC3C752BDA2FF70619869204B" ID-PubMed="31582884" ID-ZooBank="036FEB7C534C47A988AD16C5B7DCE853" ModsDocID="1313-2970-876-1" checkinTime="1568862280139" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Bouaziz-Yahiatene, Houria, Inaebnit, Thomas, Medjdoub-Bensaad, Ferroudja, Colomba, Maria Stella, Sparacio, Ignazio, Gregorini, Armando, Liberto, Fabio &amp; Neubert, Eike" docDate="2019" docId="2E3171AAAA64539F82DC2DFCA74FE2D8" docLanguage="en" docName="ZooKeys 876: 1-26" docOrigin="ZooKeys 876" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.876.36472" docTitle="Cantareus Risso 1826" docType="treatment" docVersion="4" id="81BC946DC3C752BDA2FF70619869204B" lastPageNumber="6" masterDocId="81BC946DC3C752BDA2FF70619869204B" masterDocTitle="Revisited - the species of Tweeting vineyard snails, genus Cantareus Risso, 1826 (Stylommatophora, Helicidae, Helicinae, Otalini)" masterLastPageNumber="26" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="4" updateTime="1668167815033" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Revisited - the species of Tweeting vineyard snails, genus Cantareus Risso, 1826 (Stylommatophora, Helicidae, Helicinae, Otalini)</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Bouaziz-Yahiatene, Houria</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Inaebnit, Thomas</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
<mods:name type="personal">
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<mods:namePart>Medjdoub-Bensaad, Ferroudja</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Colomba, Maria Stella</mods:namePart>
</mods:name>
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<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Sparacio, Ignazio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart>Gregorini, Armando</mods:namePart>
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</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Liberto, Fabio</mods:namePart>
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<mods:role>
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<mods:namePart>Neubert, Eike</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date>2019</mods:date>
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<mods:number>876</mods:number>
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<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.876.36472</mods:identifier>
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
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Risso, 1826, Histoire naturelle des principales productions de
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, IV: 64.
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<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Notes.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
In Table
<tableCitation captionStartId="T3" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/C9322C97B8908160F74CBCD55C5DACA4" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" tableUuid="C9322C97B8908160F74CBCD55C5DACA4">3</tableCitation>
, the most important character states of the shells and the genital organs of the
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="tribe" tribe="Otalini">Otalini</taxonomicName>
subgroup according to
<bibRefCitation DOI="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2014.11.014" author="Razkin, O" journalOrPublisher="Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="99 - 117" refId="B31" refString="Razkin, O, Gomez-Moliner, BJ, Prieto, CE, Martinez-Orti, A, Arrebola, R, Munoz, B, Chueca, LJ, Madeira, MJ, 2015. Molecular phylogeny of the western Palaearctic Helicoidea (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 83: 99 - 117" title="Molecular phylogeny of the western Palaearctic Helicoidea (Gastropoda, Stylommatophora)." url="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ympev.2014.11.014" volume="83" year="2015">Razkin et al. (2015</bibRefCitation>
: 108,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Cantareus apertus. Syntype of Helix aperta NHMW-MO 14005, shell diameter 28.75 mm. Shell in A frontal B dorsal C lateral and D apical views E labels of the syntype lot. Photographs NHMW, x 1.5." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.876.36472.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/340653" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.876.36472.figure2">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
) including the genera
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Cantareus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Cornu" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cornu" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Cornu</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Rossmaessleria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rossmaessleria" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Rossmaessleria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
are shown. Within the
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rank="tribe" tribe="Otalini">Otalini</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Cantareus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cantareus" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Cantareus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Cornu" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cornu" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Cornu</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Erctella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Erctella" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Erctella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
share the synapomorphy of a globular to slightly conical shell, other genera in the tribe tend to have more flattened shells (character 1). In all other shell traits, there is no apomorphy that discriminates between
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Cantareus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cantareus" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Cantareus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Cornu" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cornu" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Cornu</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, and
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Erctella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Erctella" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Erctella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
on generic level. On the level of the genital organs, the three genera share the synapomophy of the simple pore connecting epiphallus and penial chamber (char
<pageBreakToken pageId="4" pageNumber="5" start="start">acter</pageBreakToken>
8), while
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Rossmaessleria" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Rossmaessleria" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Rossmaessleria</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
shows the plesiomophic state with two functional penial papillae. In
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Cornu" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cornu" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Cornu</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, the flagellum is much longer than in the other genera. The phylogenetic value of this character state is not clear within the
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="tribe" tribe="Otalini">Otalini</taxonomicName>
, within the
<taxonomicName lsidName="" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="tribe" tribe="Helicini">Helicini</taxonomicName>
, it is considered a plesiomorphy (
<bibRefCitation author="Neubert, E" journalOrPublisher="Contribution to Natural History" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 200" refId="B24" refString="Neubert, E, 2014. Revision of Helix (Linnaeus, 1758) in its eastern Mediterranean distribution area, and reassignment of Helixgodetiana (Kobelt, 1878) to Maltzanella (Hesse, 1917) (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Helicidae). Contribution to Natural History 26: 1 - 200" title="Revision of Helix (Linnaeus, 1758) in its eastern Mediterranean distribution area, and reassignment of Helixgodetiana (Kobelt, 1878) to Maltzanella (Hesse, 1917) (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Helicidae)." volume="26" year="2014">Neubert 2014</bibRefCitation>
). Other character states like ratios in the bursa copulatrix complex (character 10). A massive atrial stimulator can be found in
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Cantareus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
and
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Cornu" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cornu" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Cornu</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, while in
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Erctella" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Erctella" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Erctella</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
, it is relatively small (character 11). Large and massive stimulators are found in many taxa of
<taxonomicName family="Helicidae" lsidName="" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="family">Helicidae</taxonomicName>
, so a reduction of this system is here interpreted as an apomorphic character state.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Remarks.</emphasis>
The change of the status of
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Cantareus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cantareus" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Cantareus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
from a monotypic to a polytypic genus causes some nomenclatorial problems. The type species of the genus is
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix naticoides" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="naticoides">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Helix naticoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Draparnaud, 1801 from France, which so far has been considered a synonym of
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix aperta" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="aperta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Helix aperta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Born, 1778, with the specimen preserved in the Born collection in the NHMW as the name bearing syntype of
<taxonomicName genus="Columbrina" lsidName="Columbrina aperta" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species" species="aperta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">aperta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
(
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Cantareus apertus. Syntype of Helix aperta NHMW-MO 14005, shell diameter 28.75 mm. Shell in A frontal B dorsal C lateral and D apical views E labels of the syntype lot. Photographs NHMW, x 1.5." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.876.36472.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/340653" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.876.36472.figure2">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
).The origin of
<normalizedToken originalValue="Born’s">Born's</normalizedToken>
specimen is unknown, and there are almost no shell morphological differences to the Algerian lineage, which proved to represent a separate species (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Combined RaxML and Bayesian tree of Cantareus, Cornu, and Erctella, using COI, 16 S, H 3, 28 S, and ITS 2." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.876.36472.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/340677" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.876.36472.figure1">Fig. 1</figureCitation>
). The correct origin of
<normalizedToken originalValue="Born’s">Born's</normalizedToken>
specimen could probably be clarified genetically by applying NGS methods using shell fragments of the syntype specimen, but this is beyond the scope of this paper.
</paragraph>
<caption doi="10.3897/zookeys.876.36472.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/340653" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figure 2.</emphasis>
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<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Cantareus apertus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
. Syntype of
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix aperta" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="aperta">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Helix aperta</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
NHMW-MO 14005, shell diameter 28.75 mm. Shell in
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">A</emphasis>
frontal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">B</emphasis>
dorsal
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">C</emphasis>
lateral and
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">D</emphasis>
apical views
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">E</emphasis>
labels of the syntype lot. Photographs NHMW,
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.5.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<paragraph lastPageId="5" lastPageNumber="6" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
Anticipating a north African origin of the syntype NHMW-MO 14005 by fixing its type locality in Algeria ends up in a chaotic rearrangement of species names in the group. For Europe, the name
<taxonomicName genus="Columbrina" lsidName="Columbrina naticoides" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" rank="species" species="naticoides">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">naticoides</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
would be reactivated with its last use as an ac
<pageBreakToken pageId="5" pageNumber="6" start="start">cepted</pageBreakToken>
species in 1850 (!). The north African species would then be named
<taxonomicName genus="Columbrina" lsidName="Columbrina apertus" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rank="species" species="apertus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">apertus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
contradicting 170 years of permanent use. By fixing the use of the name
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Helix" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Helix koraegaelia" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="koraegaelia">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Helix koraegaelia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
Bourguignat in Locard, 1882, to the north African lineage, this problem is resolved, and the stability or universality of names used in zoology is guaranteed.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Cantareus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cantareus apertus" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="species" species="apertus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Cantareus apertus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
is well known for its protective behaviour, which gave the genus its name &quot;
<taxonomicName class="Gastropoda" family="Helicidae" genus="Cantareus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Cantareus" order="Stylommatophora" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Cantareus</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
: the singer&quot;. Once disturbed (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figures 21–25" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figures 21 - 25. Pictures of living specimens of Cantareus species 21 Cantareus apertus: on the left a black specimen with brown shell from Roccapalumba, Sicily, Italy, 15. XI. 2009 (Coll. F. Liberto 5532); on the right a yellow specimen with green shell from Prizzi, Sicily, Italy, 15. XI. 2009 (Coll. F. Liberto 5545) 22 Cantareus apertus, Niscemi, Sicily Italy, 22. X. 2016 23 Cantareus apertus, Niscemi, Sicily, Italy, 22. X. 2016, specimens defending themselves by emitting bubbles of slime and a series of tweeting sounds 24 Cantareus apertus, Foggia, Ordona, 41.313889 N, 15.622222 E, 12.10.2018, leg. G. Martucci (photo / collection I. Sparacio 5031 / 9) 25 Cantareus subapertus, Algeria, Parc National du Djudjura, 1700 m, 11. X. 2008 (Photographs Vela Errol)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.876.36472.figures21-25" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/340660" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" tableDoi="10.3897/zookeys.876.36472.figures21-25">Fig. 23</figureCitation>
), the species is able to press the air in its lung cavity through the pneumostome producing a series of tweeking sounds (https://youtu.be/CWOhZWLkd4o).
</paragraph>
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<mods:start id="974C5A9E50D81F209269DE651BD4F796">1074</mods:start>
<mods:end id="CB396431236E348B8AA4569F44489EC7">1250</mods:end>
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<mods:identifier id="B5E6930E15312144163F4704297EEB57" type="ISBN">978-3-258-08047-5</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="2E31F6C9692FFE14ED3206B47685F882" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10856001" ID-GBIF-Taxon="224052460" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10856001" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:2E31F6C9692FFE14ED3206B47685F882" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/2E31F6C9692FFE14ED3206B47685F882" lastPageNumber="1116" pageNumber="1116">
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<paragraph id="1D976AA8AD985EFC0D2558871AB935AD" pageNumber="1116">
<taxonomicName id="D5BFE9376B61F3EA88C2BEA3ACAE564A" ID-CoL="7X3GC" authority="(Gaudin) Holub" authorityName="Holub" baseAuthorityName="Gaudin" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Tephroseris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageNumber="1146" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="tenuifolia">
<emphasis id="7E3CE4B094F1EF3BA1CA3E262338B649" italics="true" pageNumber="1116">Tephroseris tenuifolia</emphasis>
(Gaudin) Holub
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</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="174C02651495B70D8C45F422C30610F5" pageNumber="1116" type="description">
<paragraph id="CA6B7E36F389DEFA982E1E5D6C816A3B" pageNumber="1116">
Artbeschreibung:
<normalizedToken id="446E37C7D9ABC1228C55DD9A6CDCC067" originalValue="Ähnlich" pageNumber="1146">Aehnlich</normalizedToken>
wie
<taxonomicName id="06BC2B451C0B781DD814D7B0414F8514" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Asteraceae" genus="Tephroseris" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageNumber="1146" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="helenitis">
<emphasis id="A9C4C2286AD61101532BD1C18F57B463" italics="true" pageNumber="1116">T. helenitis</emphasis>
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, aber
<normalizedToken id="1E0956C94BF369BC13EC73786C499378" originalValue="Blätter" pageNumber="1146">Blaetter</normalizedToken>
auf beiden Seiten etwa gleich dicht filzig oder fast kahl,
<emphasis id="659E5A1D05DE48ADF93065BE62D89CF6" bold="true" pageNumber="1116">
die
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<normalizedToken id="653FFFAA7E9A2900655E709E58581AFA" originalValue="allmählich" pageNumber="1146">allmaehlich</normalizedToken>
in den
<normalizedToken id="601ED161B9CBEB0ADFF19E3027DE924C" originalValue="geflügelten" pageNumber="1146">gefluegelten</normalizedToken>
Stiel
<normalizedToken id="8097B52CED79EE8E9F5E95D0271CE1A1" originalValue="verschmälert" pageNumber="1146">verschmaelert</normalizedToken>
, dieser
<normalizedToken id="F474E9868E3AA432014CB6954FC9A6E2" originalValue="länger" pageNumber="1146">laenger</normalizedToken>
als die Spreite
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, die meisten mit dem Stiel 4-6mal so lang wie breit.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="7F3FB04E3A9D4E3A5748B6C4375CD11B" pageNumber="1116" type="biology_ecology">
<paragraph id="20CF0CA93D4CA934AE8FB5D2711749C2" pageNumber="1116">
<normalizedToken id="EBAFC45C0634C2E46DF34813DFF66CD0" originalValue="Blütezeit" pageNumber="1146">Bluetezeit</normalizedToken>
: 7-8
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="D134B6D9EE715B14EA9C6BAD614DA6BA" pageNumber="1116">
Standort und Verbreitung in der Schweiz: Karfluren,
<normalizedToken id="5EA4AE034741451E4B74E2ED4D1071F3" originalValue="Lägerstellen" pageNumber="1146">Laegerstellen</normalizedToken>
/ (montan-)subalpin / GR (Puschlav, Engadin)
</paragraph>
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<subSubSection id="2FC6E6B14572F12CBE878FAEF7FFEB3A" pageNumber="1116" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="59117442DF902711A25CB6BDEB7DF83A" pageNumber="1116">Verbreitung global: Ostalpin</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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<paragraph id="5ADBC000915453587B32E1D80C630EC2" pageNumber="1116">
<normalizedToken id="3017B648F54620738E3538909D54AE6A" originalValue="Ökologische">Oekologische</normalizedToken>
Zeigerwerte nach
<bibRefCitation id="F949363C5C1D2F7913056F3F561FE879" author="Landolt, E. &amp; Bäumler, B. &amp; Erhardt, A. &amp; Hegg, O. &amp; Klötzli, F. &amp; Lämmler, W. &amp; Nobis, M. &amp; Rudmann-Maurer, K. &amp; Theurillat, J.P. &amp; Urmi, E. &amp; Vust, M. &amp; Wohlgemuth, T." pageNumber="1116" publicationUrl="https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl%3A9966" refString="Landolt, E., Bäumler, B., Erhardt, A., Hegg, O., Klötzli, F., Lämmler, W., Nobis, M., Rudmann-Maurer, K., Theurillat, J.P., Urmi, E., Vust, M., Wohlgemuth, T. 2010. Flora indicativa. Ökologische Zeigerwerte und biologische Kennzeichen zur Flora der Schweiz und der Alpen (2nd ed.). https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl%3A9966" title="Flora indicativa. Ökologische Zeigerwerte und biologische Kennzeichen zur Flora der Schweiz und der Alpen" year="2010">Landolt &amp; al. (2010)</bibRefCitation>
</paragraph>
<paragraph id="0A7CEF4E80FEA1726A60B7F4801A636C" pageNumber="1116">
<table id="321DF54D303F84B1FBFF8FA6314E8B88" class="table" inLine="true" pageNumber="1116">
<tr id="B8C9FCC587214DFBAC35B86F993A1D10" pageNumber="1116">
<th id="D89AAD97CC022CE171D754776434E177" colspan="2" pageNumber="1116">
<emphasis id="C6FA8FB9395D05A6E227B1EB95F156EC" bold="true" pageNumber="1116">Bodenfaktoren</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="603E7DB2C5A91C168B42F4F86EB1F835" colspan="2" pageNumber="1116">
<emphasis id="4BC041B018BAE9B5A68C6401668D6312" bold="true" pageNumber="1116">Klimafaktoren</emphasis>
</th>
<th id="408CE7F2A0C69C44491C5E84F3B9996C" colspan="2" pageNumber="1116">
<emphasis id="68120580B4FF292D05E72482BF730B58" bold="true" pageNumber="1116">Salztoleranz</emphasis>
</th>
</tr>
<tr id="D632873A643B0BBEC5BDE2AD15B7ACF8" pageNumber="1116">
<td id="D15A3FA5236AD069505FFDE50512EB93" pageNumber="1116">Feuchtezahl F</td>
<td id="909E14258CCDE3786143A6C0352FAD78" pageNumber="1116" style="text-align:left;width:100px">--</td>
<td id="28EE5C77C631B5F029B9541FF3F5A874" pageNumber="1116">Lichtzahl L</td>
<td id="9DD9C190F1982F83D196E2175A5A42F8" pageNumber="1116" style="text-align:left;width:60px">--</td>
<td id="6D86AB4E412190D8DE95B8A6B32EE436" pageNumber="1116">Salzzeichen</td>
<td id="7ACE168AE4105D8C6A138C077F990FD6" pageNumber="1116" style="text-align:left;width:60px">--</td>
</tr>
<tr id="EB9D7F820847A1A4B3D4FE918E0AEA03" pageNumber="1116">
<td id="6D0B66AB9898EA61EFF4AA7A99BAC8F1" pageNumber="1116">Reaktionszahl R</td>
<td id="51CED85635B596AA2539DFE7D2264926" pageNumber="1116" style="text-align:left">--</td>
<td id="2AF649CC24B1B7789065B2267B0DF218" pageNumber="1116">Temperaturzahl T</td>
<td id="CE1E10BD935694FF4839C5028ECFD8FA" pageNumber="1116" style="text-align:left">--</td>
</tr>
<tr id="3772B4259FB9117ACD51A96FEE53D7BD" pageNumber="1116">
<td id="5941580E05DA8EDFC8037F2732B8DEA4" pageNumber="1116">
<normalizedToken id="72357FB1E84F28EC9C744961200E8F11" originalValue="Nährstoffzahl">Naehrstoffzahl</normalizedToken>
N
</td>
<td id="B5FA8FCD333CB0D275E6FEE2A6819EF2" pageNumber="1116" style="text-align:left">--</td>
<td id="94CBF497C5B250A62FB9073645064D8D" pageNumber="1116">
<normalizedToken id="3AD0F050EECD3C4A9D57B3B678B22BB5" originalValue="Kontinentalitätszahl">Kontinentalitaetszahl</normalizedToken>
K
</td>
<td id="BC35F8A027DF3D44FFC34463E05184A2" pageNumber="1116" style="text-align:left">--</td>
</tr>
</table>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="E15E91111320ED4077E19184B6B15B9E" pageNumber="1116" type="vernacular_names">
<paragraph id="65F17B883BD91D7ED5E63FF2D2AFA511" pageNumber="1116">
Volksname Deutscher Name:
<vernacularName id="91C315FC526173240C0287D48932E246" language="deu" pageNumber="1116">Gaudins Greiskraut</vernacularName>
,
<vernacularName id="30A3FA29D0069BBC7245031B4AF2E4A6" language="deu" pageNumber="1116">Gaudins Kreuzkraut</vernacularName>
Nom
<normalizedToken id="2352E131C9AE1214E059C4B65A9D0A3E" originalValue="français">francais</normalizedToken>
:
<vernacularName id="5FFFCFE1BCE412D3BD823A7BC78E453D" language="fra" pageNumber="1116">
<normalizedToken id="F869DC87A34BCB443F68C87F5747A2A8" originalValue="Séneçon">Senecon</normalizedToken>
de Gaudin
</vernacularName>
Nome italiano:
<vernacularName id="634C13F2B889A8615720FA0911EDD2EB" language="ita" pageNumber="1116">Senecione di Gaudin</vernacularName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
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52
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<paragraph id="3CE3D500F57BB839B240F4F763CA6F17" pageId="0" pageNumber="1165">Notes</paragraph>
<paragraph id="DFD48AAFDEA5F1945D89B68D1BEDC51B" pageId="0" pageNumber="1165">
Taymyr and Severnaya Zemlya, Russia (
<bibRefCitation id="396691A81D785B508F7E10B45B0C8C26" author="Kuzmin, L. L." journalOrPublisher="Zoologicheskii Zhurnal" pageId="0" pageNumber="1165" pagination="1399 - 1402" title="A contribution to the fauna and ecology on free-living nematodes of the west Taimyr" volume="51" year="1972">Kuzmin 1972</bibRefCitation>
,
<bibRefCitation id="BCA793E6A0EF00CE16E4FB3D21893366" author="Kuzmin, L. L." journalOrPublisher="Vladimir State Pedagogical Institute" pageId="0" pageNumber="1165" title="Katalog svobodnozhyvushchikh pochvennykh i presnovodnykh nematod Arktiki i Subarktiki" year="1990">Kuzmin and Gagarin 1990</bibRefCitation>
).
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