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<document ID-DOI="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.74.10381" ID-PMC="PMC5234551" ID-Pensoft-Pub="1314-2003-74-107" ID-Pensoft-UUID="FA7C8837BC461D046E7EFFFA0776B11E" ID-PubMed="28127239" ID-Zenodo-Dep="166008" ModsDocID="1314-2003-74-107" checkinTime="1478838494154" checkinUser="pensoft" docAuthor="Zografidis, Aris" docDate="2016" docId="1FC63067599652CDA45D2AD28067F1D5" docLanguage="en" docName="PhytoKeys 74: 107-122" docOrigin="PhytoKeys 74" docPubDate="2016-11-10" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.74.10381" docTitle="Verbascum delphicum subsp. cervi Zografidis 2016, subsp. nov." docType="treatment" docVersion="3" id="FA7C8837BC461D046E7EFFFA0776B11E" lastPageNumber="110" masterDocId="FA7C8837BC461D046E7EFFFA0776B11E" masterDocTitle="Two new infraspecific taxa of Verbascum delphicum (Scrophulariaceae, Scrophularieae) from mainland Greece and the island of Evvia" masterLastPageNumber="122" masterPageNumber="107" pageNumber="109" updateTime="1668141860240" updateUser="ExternalLinkService">
<mods:mods xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>Two new infraspecific taxa of Verbascum delphicum (Scrophulariaceae, Scrophularieae) from mainland Greece and the island of Evvia</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:name type="personal">
<mods:role>
<mods:roleTerm>Author</mods:roleTerm>
</mods:role>
<mods:namePart>Zografidis, Aris</mods:namePart>
<mods:affiliation>Institute of Biosciences and Applications, National Centre for Scientific Research Demokritos, Aghia Paraskevi, Athens, Greece</mods:affiliation>
<mods:nameIdentifier type="email">azogra@bio.demokritos.gr</mods:nameIdentifier>
</mods:name>
<mods:typeOfResource>text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:titleInfo>
<mods:title>PhytoKeys</mods:title>
</mods:titleInfo>
<mods:part>
<mods:date>2016</mods:date>
<mods:detail type="pubDate">
<mods:number>2016-11-10</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:detail type="volume">
<mods:number>74</mods:number>
</mods:detail>
<mods:extent unit="page">
<mods:start>107</mods:start>
<mods:end>122</mods:end>
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<mods:location>
<mods:url>http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.74.10381</mods:url>
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<mods:classification>journal article</mods:classification>
<mods:identifier type="DOI">http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.74.10381</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-Pub">1314-2003-74-107</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Pensoft-UUID">FA7C8837BC461D046E7EFFFA0776B11E</mods:identifier>
<mods:identifier type="Zenodo-Dep">166008</mods:identifier>
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<treatment ID-GBIF-Taxon="182226476" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1FC63067599652CDA45D2AD28067F1D5" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1FC63067599652CDA45D2AD28067F1D5" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="110" pageId="2" pageNumber="109">
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="109" type="nomenclature">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="109">
<taxonomicName LSID="1FC63067-5996-52CD-A45D-2AD28067F1D5" authority="Zografidis" authorityName="Zografidis" authorityYear="2016" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Scrophulariaceae" genus="Verbascum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Verbascum delphicum subsp. cervi" order="Lamiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="delphicum" status="subsp. nov." subSpecies="cervi">Verbascum delphicum Boiss. &amp; Heldr. subsp. cervi Zografidis</taxonomicName>
<taxonomicNameLabel pageId="2" pageNumber="109">subsp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 1" captionStartId="F1" captionText="Figure 1. Verbascum delphicum subsp. cervi Zografidis: A habit B first year mature leaf-rosette, bar = 10 cm C partial inflorescence, bar = 1 cm D capsules, bar = 5 mm D seeds, bar = 2 mm." figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.74.10381.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/110408" pageId="2" pageNumber="109">Figures 1</figureCitation>
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 2" captionStartId="F2" captionText="Figure 2. Comparative illustration of Verbascum delphicum subsp. cervi and subsp. delphicum differential traits: A, C, E subsp. cervi B, D, F subsp. delphicum A, B first-year mature rosette-leaves of cultivated plants, bar = 10 cm C, D cross section of leaves indicating the shorter and darker indumentum of subsp. cervi, bars = 3 mm E, F anterior stamens, bars = 1 mm;" figureDoi="10.3897/phytokeys.74.10381.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/110410" pageId="2" pageNumber="109">, 2</figureCitation>
; Suppl. material 1
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="109" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="109">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="109">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Zografidis" authorityYear="2016" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Scrophulariaceae" genus="Verbascum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="subsp. cervi" order="Lamiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="delphicum" subSpecies="cervi">subsp. cervi</taxonomicName>
can be distinguished from
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Scrophulariaceae" genus="Verbascum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="subsp. dephicum" order="Lamiales" pageId="2" pageNumber="109" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="delphicum" subSpecies="dephicum">subsp. dephicum</taxonomicName>
by a combination of the following characters: lamina of larger rosette-leaves 6-22
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
3-11 cm (vs. 16-40
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
11-24), 1.5-3.7 of length to width ratio (vs. 1.2-1.9), obtuse-cuneate at the base (vs. obtuse-truncate to cordate); indumentum of abaxial surface of rosette-leaves thinner; indumentum of adaxial surface of first-year mature rosette-leaves
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
harsh (vs. soft); stamen filaments greenish-white (vs. orange).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="2" pageNumber="109" type="materials_examined">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="109">
<typeStatus>Type</typeStatus>
.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="109">
<materialsCitation collectingDate="2015-06-22" collectorName="A. Zografidis" country="GREECE" elevation="1100" latitude="38.15" location="Mt Parnitha" longLatPrecision="1177" longitude="23.716667" specimenCount="1" stateProvince="Attica" typeStatus="Holotype">
<collectingCountry name="Greece">GREECE</collectingCountry>
.
<collectingRegion country="Greece" name="Attiki">Attica</collectingRegion>
:
<location LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1FC63067599652CDA45D2AD28067F1D5:06343F8D6A642E1519137B6E03FF2D18" country="GREECE" latitude="38.15" longLatPrecision="1177" longitude="23.716667" name="Mt Parnitha" stateProvince="Attica">Mt Parnitha</location>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="38" direction="north" minutes="09" orientation="latitude" precision="925" value="38.15">38°09'N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="23" direction="east" minutes="43" orientation="longitude" precision="925" value="23.716667">23°43'E</geoCoordinate>
, limestone slope with
<taxonomicName class="Pinopsida" family="Pinaceae" genus="Abies" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Abies cephalonica" order="Pinales" pageId="2" pageNumber="109" phylum="Coniferophyta" rank="species" species="cephalonica">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="109">Abies cephalonica</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
,
<quantity metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" unit="m" value="1100.0">
<elevation metricMagnitude="3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.1" unit="m" value="1100.0">1100 m</elevation>
</quantity>
,
<collectingDate value="2015-06-22">22 June 2015</collectingDate>
,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="109">
<collectorName>A. Zografidis</collectorName>
109
</emphasis>
. (
<typeStatus>Holotype</typeStatus>
: ATH, Isotype: ATHU)
</materialsCitation>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="110" pageId="2" pageNumber="109" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="2" pageNumber="109">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="110" pageId="2" pageNumber="109">
Monocarpic, eglandular- and minutely glandular-hairy biennial herb - or rarely short-lived perennial bicarpic - producing a well-branched taproot and a basal leaf-rosette in the first year of vegetative growth, followed by the production of additional rosette-leaves (in the same rosette) and an erect, terete, leafy flowering-stem in the second year of vegetative and reproductive growth. Eglandular hairs dendritic, 0.2-0.8 mm of length, more or less covering the whole aerial part of the plant; glandular hairs minute, sparse, present on leaves, bracts, bracteols and calyx segments, visible by microscopy; fully developed first-season rosettes yellowish- to brownish- and harshly-tomentose above, grayish- or yellowish- to brownish-, and
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
harshly-tomentose beneath; rosette-leaves few to several (up to 50 in cultivated specimens), petiolate; petiole 1-10 cm of length; lamina ovate-elliptic to oblanceolate, 1.5-3.7 of length to width ratio, obtuse-cuneate at the base, crenate, obtuse at apex; larger leaf laminas 6-22
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
3-11 cm; second year mature rosette-leaves and lower cauline-leaves similar but
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
glabrescent on adaxial surface; middle cauline-leaves progressively smaller, shortly petiolate, obtuse at the base, obtuse or subacute at the apex; upper cauline-leaves, small, sessile, obtuse at the base, subacute at the apex; all cauline leaves alternate; stem 40-160 cm of height, green to reddish-black, glabrescent but
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
persistently tomentose below; Inflorescence 25-60 cm of height, simple or sparingly branched at the base with short, sub-erect branches and then inflorescence narrowly pyramidal in outline; flowers arranged in clusters of pedicellate, compacted cymes (glomerules),
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
crowded at least above, consisting of 3 - 12 flowers; bracts 3-7
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
2-4 mm, ovate-lanceolate, acute to acuminate, glabrescent; bracteoles present, similar to
<pageBreakToken pageId="3" pageNumber="110" start="start">bracts</pageBreakToken>
but smaller; longer pedicels 3-8 mm of length, tomentose,
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
glabrescent; calyx divided almost to the base into 5 lanceolate to lanceolate-linear, acute segments, 3.5-6
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
1.1-1.7 mm; abaxial surface of calyx tomentose,
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
glabrescent; corolla rotate, flat, 1.6-3.6 cm of diameter, light yellow, often with purple marks on the throat, with pellucid glands, divided to c. 3/4 into 5 broadly-obovate, subequal lobes; abaxial surface of corolla partially tomentose, adaxial surface often ciliate near the throat, otherwise glabrous; tube of corolla
<normalizedToken originalValue="±">+/-</normalizedToken>
infundibuliform, 1-2.7 mm of length, 1.5-2.9 mm of diameter; stamens 5, free, densely ciliate with white, clavate hairs which reach the connective of anthers; three posterior stamens 5-9.5 mm, two anterior stamens 7-12 mm; stamen filaments greenish-white, occasionally with a purple tinge; all five anthers reniform, mediofix, papillose on adaxial surface, 0.6-1.5 mm; style tomentose at the base, 6-10 mm, clavate at the apex; stigma hemispherical; capsule (excl. rostrum) 3.5-7.5
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
3-5.4 mm, ovoid to broadly ovoid, densely tomentose on early development, later glabrescent, with a rostrum 1-1.5 mm; seeds numerous, chestnut brown to dark brown, 0.7-1
<normalizedToken originalValue="×">x</normalizedToken>
0.5-0.7 mm, obpyramidal to ovoid-oblong, irregularly prismatic, faveolate with 3-7 pits in each longitudinal series.
</paragraph>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="986340" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.74.10381.figure1" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/110408" pageId="3" pageNumber="110" start="Figure 1" startId="F1">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="110">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="110">Figure 1.</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Zografidis" authorityYear="2016" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Scrophulariaceae" genus="Verbascum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Verbascum delphicum subsp. cervi" order="Lamiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="delphicum" subSpecies="cervi">Verbascum delphicum subsp. cervi</taxonomicName>
Zografidis:
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="110">A</emphasis>
habit
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="110">B</emphasis>
first year mature leaf-rosette, bar = 10 cm
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="110">C</emphasis>
partial inflorescence, bar = 1 cm
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="110">D</emphasis>
capsules, bar = 5 mm
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="110">D</emphasis>
seeds, bar = 2 mm.
</paragraph>
</caption>
<caption ID-Zenodo-Dep="986342" doi="10.3897/phytokeys.74.10381.figure2" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/110410" pageId="3" pageNumber="110" start="Figure 2" startId="F2">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="110">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="110">Figure 2.</emphasis>
Comparative illustration of
<taxonomicName authority="subsp. cervi and subsp. delphicum" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Scrophulariaceae" genus="Verbascum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Verbascum delphicum subsp. delphicum" order="Lamiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="delphicum" subSpecies="delphicum">Verbascum delphicum subsp. cervi and subsp. delphicum</taxonomicName>
differential traits:
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="110">A, C, E</emphasis>
<taxonomicName authorityName="Zografidis" authorityYear="2016" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Scrophulariaceae" genus="Verbascum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="subsp. cervi" order="Lamiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="delphicum" subSpecies="cervi">subsp. cervi</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="110">B, D, F</emphasis>
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Scrophulariaceae" genus="Verbascum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="subsp. delphicum" order="Lamiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="delphicum" subSpecies="delphicum">subsp. delphicum</taxonomicName>
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="110">A, B</emphasis>
first-year mature rosette-leaves of cultivated plants, bar = 10 cm
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="110">C, D</emphasis>
cross section of leaves indicating the shorter and darker indumentum of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Zografidis" authorityYear="2016" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Scrophulariaceae" genus="Verbascum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="subsp. cervi" order="Lamiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subSpecies" species="delphicum" subSpecies="cervi">subsp. cervi</taxonomicName>
, bars = 3 mm
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="110">E, F</emphasis>
anterior stamens, bars = 1 mm;
</paragraph>
</caption>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="3" pageNumber="110" type="etymology">
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="110">Etymology.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="3" pageNumber="110">
Name derives from the genitive of the Latin word
<normalizedToken originalValue="“cervus”">&quot;cervus&quot;</normalizedToken>
in reference to the red deer of the National Park which were often observed in the subspecies habitat. The popular animals are a considerable threat to their own
<taxonomicName class="Magnoliopsida" family="Scrophulariaceae" genus="Verbascum" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Plantae" lsidName="Verbascum" order="Lamiales" pageId="3" pageNumber="110" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="110">Verbascum</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as they consume the young inflorescences.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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<treatment id="1FC64FB595B21F1C6B4E71F0C2283470" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:1FC64FB595B21F1C6B4E71F0C2283470" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/1FC64FB595B21F1C6B4E71F0C2283470" lastPageNumber="8151" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151">
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<taxonomicName id="ADAFF2C1787854879F55EBA3FA5436A7" ID-CoL="65XJ7" authority="Stelfox, 1941" authorityName="Stelfox" authorityYear="1941" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Alysia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Alysia (Anarcha) umbrata" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="umbrata" subGenus="Anarcha">Alysia (Anarcha) umbrata Stelfox, 1941</taxonomicName>
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection id="57ADC57B42D6523078D907C2CC795F97" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151" type="distribution">
<paragraph id="CA70DBBC07EA0496E01C304E63175B89" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151">Distribution</paragraph>
<paragraph id="F4BF5F0B86EE37F31F85D37876D53AB5" pageId="0" pageNumber="8151">Ireland</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
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Tetragnatha intermedia
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, 1891
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<paragraph id="8A68D75181385AE1897DEC974BEEF72F" pageId="0" pageNumber="110415">Distribution</paragraph>
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Species localised in Mediterranean countries, mainly in its western area (there are some data from Turkey). It has recently been reported for several localities in Portugal (
<bibRefCitation id="A257F45DC1DD26A026D274E5C34B0B37" author="Morano, E." journalOrPublisher="Revista Iberica de Aracnologia" pageId="0" pageNumber="110415" pagination="101 - 136" refId="B9954295" refString="Morano, E., 2020. La familia Tetragnathidae Menge, 1866 (Araneae) en el area ibero-balear. Revista Iberica de Aracnologia 37: 101 - 136" title="La familia Tetragnathidae Menge, 1866 (Araneae) en el area ibero-balear" volume="37" year="2020">Morano 2020</bibRefCitation>
). This is the first record for the District of Beja.
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<paragraph id="37479F476A9B72EEA7CA6E986C67D277" pageId="0" pageNumber="110415">1♂, 1♀</paragraph>
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Lebia-like pattern-wing beetle
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<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 57–62" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 57 - 62. Illustrations, male aedeagus, dorsal, ventral, left lateral aspects. 57 Asklepia geminata (Bates, 1871) ADP 109186, Rio Samiria, Boca Cano Ingles Camp, Peru 58 Asklepia campbellorum Zamorano &amp; Erwin, sp. n. ADP 109196, 20 km SW Manaus, Brazil 59 Asklepia demiti Erwin &amp; Zamorano, sp. n. ADP 132585, Rio Demiti, Brazil 60 Asklepia grammechrysea Zamorano &amp; Erwin, sp. n. ADP 052565, Rio Sucusari, Peru 61 Asklepia laetitia Zamorano &amp; Erwin, sp. n. ADP 109190, Leticia, Colombia. Legend: a apical area; bl basal lobe; bo basal orifice; lp left paramere; ml median lobe; om ostial membrane; oo ostial opening; rp right paramere; sh shaft; pb phallobase; ps phallobase shaft; ms medial spine; ds distal spine 62 Asklepia lebioides (Bates, 1871), comb. n., ADP 109208, Rio Demiti, Brazil. Scale line = 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/30647" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">, 62</figureCitation>
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<subSubSection pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<taxonomicName authorityName="Erwin &amp; Zamorano" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Eucaerus" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="40" pageNumber="41" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lebioides" status="comb. n.">Eucaerus lebioides</taxonomicName>
Bates, 1871:79.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="40" pageNumber="41" type="lectotype">
<paragraph pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Lectotype.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="40" pageNumber="41">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="40" pageNumber="41">Brazil</emphasis>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pará">Para</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Santarém">Santarem</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Tapajos,
<geoCoordinate degrees="2.4079" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-2.4079">2.4079°S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="54.7969" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-54.7969">54.7969°W</geoCoordinate>
, 30m, (H.W. Bates)(MNHP: ADP132553, female). This specimen was labeled
<normalizedToken originalValue="“Lectotype”">&quot;Lectotype&quot;</normalizedToken>
by George E. Ball in 1972.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="derivation of specific epithet">
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
<pageBreakToken pageId="41" pageNumber="42" start="start">Derivation</pageBreakToken>
of specific epithet.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
The specific epithet,
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">lebioides</emphasis>
, is a Latin adjective that adequately describes this species with adults resembling (-oides) some adults in the lebiine genus,
<taxonomicName class="Hexapoda" family="Carabidae" genus="Lebia" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Lebia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="proposed english vernacular name">
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Proposed english vernacular name.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Lebia-like pattern-wing beetle.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="diagnosis">
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Diagnosis.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
With the attributes of the genus
<taxonomicName authorityName="Liebke" authorityYear="1938" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Asklepia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Asklepia</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
as described by
<bibRefCitation author="Liebke, M" journalOrPublisher="Embrik Strand" pageId="81" pageNumber="82" pagination="37 - 141" refId="B54" refString="Liebke, M, 1938. Denkschrift ueber die Carabiden-Tribus Colliurini. Festschrift zum 60. Geburtstage von Profesor Dr. Embrik Strand 4: 37 - 141" title="Denkschrift ueber die Carabiden-Tribus Colliurini. Festschrift zum 60. Geburtstage von Profesor Dr." volume="4" year="1938">Liebke (1938)</bibRefCitation>
and as noted above under the generic diagnosis, and medium to large-sized for the genus (SBL = 2.692-3.142). Adults with head and prothorax fuscous, elytral maculae aurantiacus; elytron fuscous with a slender aurantiacus macula crossing apical lateral and proximal quadrants, macula does not reach the lateral margin and the sutural area, and a rounded aurantiacus macula in the proximal apical quadrant, macula reaches the sutural area; metasternum, abdominal sterna III-VI, and epipleuron brunneus, abdominal sternum VII paler; legs testaceous; antennal scape and pedicel testaceous, antennomeres 3-7 deeply infuscated, 8-11 white. Dorsal surface devoid of microsculpture, surface luster very shiny. Pronotum cordiform, narrowly explanate; apical margin concave, lateral margin explanate; anterior angles markedly produced, hind angle markedly produced; median line moderately defined. Elytral interneurs evident as continuous rows of coarse punctures; punctures of the apical margin each with a halo.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="41" pageNumber="42" type="description">
<paragraph pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Description.</paragraph>
<paragraph lastPageId="42" lastPageNumber="43" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">
(
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 33–36" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 33 - 36. Digital Photo-illustrations, habitus, dorsal aspect of holotypes. 33 Asklepia grammechrysea Zamorano &amp; Erwin, sp. n. ADP 133151, Pithecia, Peru 34 Asklepia hilaris (Bates, 1871), comb. n., Brazil ADP 132543, Sao Paulo de Olivenca, Brazil 35 Asklepia laetitia Zamorano &amp; Erwin, sp. n. ADP 109190, Leticia, Colombia 36 Asklepia lebioides (Bates, 1871), comb. n., ADP 109194, Santarem, Rio Tapajos, Brazil. Scale line = 1 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/30640" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">Fig. 36</figureCitation>
,
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 57–62" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 57 - 62. Illustrations, male aedeagus, dorsal, ventral, left lateral aspects. 57 Asklepia geminata (Bates, 1871) ADP 109186, Rio Samiria, Boca Cano Ingles Camp, Peru 58 Asklepia campbellorum Zamorano &amp; Erwin, sp. n. ADP 109196, 20 km SW Manaus, Brazil 59 Asklepia demiti Erwin &amp; Zamorano, sp. n. ADP 132585, Rio Demiti, Brazil 60 Asklepia grammechrysea Zamorano &amp; Erwin, sp. n. ADP 052565, Rio Sucusari, Peru 61 Asklepia laetitia Zamorano &amp; Erwin, sp. n. ADP 109190, Leticia, Colombia. Legend: a apical area; bl basal lobe; bo basal orifice; lp left paramere; ml median lobe; om ostial membrane; oo ostial opening; rp right paramere; sh shaft; pb phallobase; ps phallobase shaft; ms medial spine; ds distal spine 62 Asklepia lebioides (Bates, 1871), comb. n., ADP 109208, Rio Demiti, Brazil. Scale line = 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/30647" pageId="41" pageNumber="42">62</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<pageBreakToken pageId="42" pageNumber="43" start="start">Habitus</pageBreakToken>
</emphasis>
:
</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 33–36" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 33 - 36. Digital Photo-illustrations, habitus, dorsal aspect of holotypes. 33 Asklepia grammechrysea Zamorano &amp; Erwin, sp. n. ADP 133151, Pithecia, Peru 34 Asklepia hilaris (Bates, 1871), comb. n., Brazil ADP 132543, Sao Paulo de Olivenca, Brazil 35 Asklepia laetitia Zamorano &amp; Erwin, sp. n. ADP 109190, Leticia, Colombia 36 Asklepia lebioides (Bates, 1871), comb. n., ADP 109194, Santarem, Rio Tapajos, Brazil. Scale line = 1 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/30640" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 36</figureCitation>
).
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Size</emphasis>
:
</emphasis>
[See also
<tableCitation captionStart="Table 8" captionStartId="T8" captionText="Table 8. Asklepia lebioides (Bates, 1871), comb. n." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/022E3B23487A1F04F205C8E8827ED079" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" tableUuid="022E3B23487A1F04F205C8E8827ED079">Table 8</tableCitation>
] Medium to large-size for the genus; ABL = 2.605-3.064 mm, SBL = 2.692-3.142 mm, TW (total width) 1.504-1.790 mm, LP = 0.551-0.647 mm, WP = 0.747-0.869 mm, LE = 1.698-2.023 mm.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Color</emphasis>
:
</emphasis>
See diagnosis above.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Luster</emphasis>
:
</emphasis>
See diagnosis above.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Head</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 33–36" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 33 - 36. Digital Photo-illustrations, habitus, dorsal aspect of holotypes. 33 Asklepia grammechrysea Zamorano &amp; Erwin, sp. n. ADP 133151, Pithecia, Peru 34 Asklepia hilaris (Bates, 1871), comb. n., Brazil ADP 132543, Sao Paulo de Olivenca, Brazil 35 Asklepia laetitia Zamorano &amp; Erwin, sp. n. ADP 109190, Leticia, Colombia 36 Asklepia lebioides (Bates, 1871), comb. n., ADP 109194, Santarem, Rio Tapajos, Brazil. Scale line = 1 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/30640" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 36</figureCitation>
): as in description for genus above.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Prothorax</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Pronotum (
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 33–36" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 33 - 36. Digital Photo-illustrations, habitus, dorsal aspect of holotypes. 33 Asklepia grammechrysea Zamorano &amp; Erwin, sp. n. ADP 133151, Pithecia, Peru 34 Asklepia hilaris (Bates, 1871), comb. n., Brazil ADP 132543, Sao Paulo de Olivenca, Brazil 35 Asklepia laetitia Zamorano &amp; Erwin, sp. n. ADP 109190, Leticia, Colombia 36 Asklepia lebioides (Bates, 1871), comb. n., ADP 109194, Santarem, Rio Tapajos, Brazil. Scale line = 1 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/30640" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 36</figureCitation>
) moderately broad, as wide as head across eyes (WH/WP, mean both sexes: 0.973) longer than head (LP/LH, mean both sexes: 1.349), wider than long (W/L: mean both sexes: 1.824); markedly cordiform and explanate, lateral margin beaded with seta at anterior third; base markedly constricted and lobed; anterior angles moderately produced, hind angle markedly acutely produced and setose; median line moderately defined, basal and apical transverse impressions punctate, punctures infuscated; surface smooth throughout.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Pterothorax</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Normal for genus, see description for genus above. Elytra slightly convex; at apical third twice as wide as the head across eyes (WH/TW: mean, 0.487) and pronotum (WP/TW: mean, 0.5). Elytral interneurs evident as rows of continuous fine closely spaced coarse punctures; punctures of the apical margin each with a halo. Hind wings fully developed.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Legs</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Overall, normal for genus, see description for genus above.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Abdominal sterna</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Overall, normal for genus, see description for genus above.
<emphasis bold="true" italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Male genitalia</emphasis>
(
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 57–62" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 57 - 62. Illustrations, male aedeagus, dorsal, ventral, left lateral aspects. 57 Asklepia geminata (Bates, 1871) ADP 109186, Rio Samiria, Boca Cano Ingles Camp, Peru 58 Asklepia campbellorum Zamorano &amp; Erwin, sp. n. ADP 109196, 20 km SW Manaus, Brazil 59 Asklepia demiti Erwin &amp; Zamorano, sp. n. ADP 132585, Rio Demiti, Brazil 60 Asklepia grammechrysea Zamorano &amp; Erwin, sp. n. ADP 052565, Rio Sucusari, Peru 61 Asklepia laetitia Zamorano &amp; Erwin, sp. n. ADP 109190, Leticia, Colombia. Legend: a apical area; bl basal lobe; bo basal orifice; lp left paramere; ml median lobe; om ostial membrane; oo ostial opening; rp right paramere; sh shaft; pb phallobase; ps phallobase shaft; ms medial spine; ds distal spine 62 Asklepia lebioides (Bates, 1871), comb. n., ADP 109208, Rio Demiti, Brazil. Scale line = 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/30647" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 62</figureCitation>
, see
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 57–62" captionStartId="F17" captionText="Figure 57 - 62. Illustrations, male aedeagus, dorsal, ventral, left lateral aspects. 57 Asklepia geminata (Bates, 1871) ADP 109186, Rio Samiria, Boca Cano Ingles Camp, Peru 58 Asklepia campbellorum Zamorano &amp; Erwin, sp. n. ADP 109196, 20 km SW Manaus, Brazil 59 Asklepia demiti Erwin &amp; Zamorano, sp. n. ADP 132585, Rio Demiti, Brazil 60 Asklepia grammechrysea Zamorano &amp; Erwin, sp. n. ADP 052565, Rio Sucusari, Peru 61 Asklepia laetitia Zamorano &amp; Erwin, sp. n. ADP 109190, Leticia, Colombia. Legend: a apical area; bl basal lobe; bo basal orifice; lp left paramere; ml median lobe; om ostial membrane; oo ostial opening; rp right paramere; sh shaft; pb phallobase; ps phallobase shaft; ms medial spine; ds distal spine 62 Asklepia lebioides (Bates, 1871), comb. n., ADP 109208, Rio Demiti, Brazil. Scale line = 0.25 mm." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/30647" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 61</figureCitation>
for attribute labels). Median lobe with phallobase short about a fifth the length of shaft, basal opening small, oriented parallel to
<normalizedToken originalValue="shaft’s">shaft's</normalizedToken>
apical third. Shaft broad, moderately curved ventrally, dorsally sclerotized except for short ostium; in ventral aspect tapered toward rather broadly rounded apex, in lateral aspect, a narrowly rounded apex. Left paramere very large and broad, right small and triangular, apex of left paramere lobate much longer than right paramere, about half the length of shaft (measured in left lateral aspect). Endophallus with 11 medial spines, and one large distal spine.
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Female genitalia</emphasis>
.
</emphasis>
Not investigated, presumably similar to that of
<taxonomicName authorityName="Erwin &amp; Zamorano" authorityYear="2014" class="Insecta" family="Carabidae" genus="Asklepia" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="" order="Coleoptera" pageId="42" pageNumber="43" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="demiti">
<emphasis italics="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Asklepia demiti</emphasis>
</taxonomicName>
sp. n.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="dispersal potential">
<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Dispersal potential.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">These beetles are macropterous and probably capable of flight. They are moderately swift and agile runners.</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="distribution">
<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Distribution.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
(
<figureCitation captionStart="Figure 76–77" captionStartId="F21" captionText="Figure 76 - 77. 76 Distribution map for known localities of Asklepia geminata (Bates) 77 Distribution map for known localities of Asklepia species of the hilaris group." httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/30651" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Fig. 77</figureCitation>
). This species has been found at locations on both the clear-water and white-water systems of the Amazon River drainage system. But that does not at all indicate its real distribution: as has been pointed out above, very small beetles are inadequately sampled, especially in the Neotropics.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="way of life">
<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Way of life.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
See
<bibRefCitation author="Erwin, TL" journalOrPublisher="Revista Peruana de Entomologia" pageId="79" pageNumber="80" pagination="1 - 85" refId="B22" refString="Erwin, TL, 1991. Natural history of the carabid beetles at the BIOLAT Rio Manu Biological Station, Pakitza, Peru. Revista Peruana de Entomologia 33: 1 - 85" title="Natural history of the carabid beetles at the BIOLAT Rio Manu Biological Station, Pakitza, Peru." volume="33" year="1991">Erwin (1991)</bibRefCitation>
for a general description of the genus. Adults of this species are active in lowland Varzea rainforest in the late rainy season.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="other specimens examined">
<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Other specimens examined.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<emphasis bold="true" pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Brazil</emphasis>
, Brazil,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Pará">Para</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Santarém">Santarem</normalizedToken>
,
<normalizedToken originalValue="Río">Rio</normalizedToken>
Tapajos,
<geoCoordinate degrees="2.4079" direction="south" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="-2.4079">2.4079°S</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="54.7969" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-54.7969">54.7969°W</geoCoordinate>
, 30m, (H.W. Bates)(BMNH: ADP109194, male paralectotype); Amazonas, circa Rio Demiti,
<geoCoordinate degrees="0.5748" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="0.5748">0.5748°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="66.6869" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-66.6869">66.6869°W</geoCoordinate>
, 116m, 22 August 1978 (G.E. Ball, K.E. Ball)(UASM: ADP109208, ADP130048, ADP130052, ADP130050, males), 13 September 1978 (G.E. Ball, K.E. Ball)(NMNH: ADP109202, ADP132689, ADP133133, ADP132506, ADP132731, females, ADP132687, ADP133181, ADP133145, ADP132751, ADP133159, ADP132691, ADP132719, ADP132729, ADP132733, ADP133131, ADP133026, ADP132499, ADP133103, circa Cucui, Rio Negro,
<geoCoordinate degrees="1.1972" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="5" value="1.1972">1.1972°N</geoCoordinate>
,
<geoCoordinate degrees="66.8382" direction="west" orientation="longitude" precision="5" value="-66.8382">66.8382°W</geoCoordinate>
, 79m, 17 September 1978 (G.E Ball, K.E. Ball)(NMNH: ADP132701, male).
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="42" pageNumber="43" type="note">
<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">Note.</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="42" pageNumber="43">
<bibRefCitation author="Bates, HW" journalOrPublisher="Entomologist's Monthly Magazine" pageId="78" pageNumber="79" pagination="77 - 81" refId="B8" refString="Bates, HW, 1871. Notes on Carabidae, and descriptions of new species (No. 7). Entomologist's Monthly Magazine 8: 77 - 81" title="Notes on Carabidae, and descriptions of new species (No. 7)." volume="8" year="1871">Bates (1871)</bibRefCitation>
mentions having three specimens. We have studied the lectotype from Paris (MNHP) and a paralectotype from London (BMNH), but we did not see
<normalizedToken originalValue="Bates’">Bates'</normalizedToken>
third specimen and its location is unknown.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>

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Tribe
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</subSubSection>
<subSubSection pageId="191" pageNumber="192" type="reference_group">
<paragraph pageId="191" pageNumber="192">
<taxonomicName genus="Oedemerites" lsidName="Oedemerites" pageId="191" pageNumber="192" rank="genus">Oedemerites</taxonomicName>
Latreille, 1810: 216 [stem: Oedemer-]. Type genus:
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Oedemeridae" genus="Oedemera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oedemera" order="Coleoptera" pageId="191" pageNumber="192" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Oedemera</taxonomicName>
A. G. Olivier, 1789.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="191" pageNumber="192">
<taxonomicName genus="Oncomeradae" lsidName="Oncomeradae" pageId="191" pageNumber="192" rank="genus">Oncomeradae</taxonomicName>
Gistel, 1856a: 384 [stem: Oncomer-]. Type genus:
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Oedemeridae" genus="Oncomera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oncomera" order="Coleoptera" pageId="191" pageNumber="192" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Oncomera</taxonomicName>
Stephens, 1829 [subgenus of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Oedemeridae" genus="Oedemera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oedemera" order="Coleoptera" pageId="191" pageNumber="192" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Oedemera</taxonomicName>
A. G. Olivier, 1789; placed on the Official List of Generic Names in Zoology (ICZN 1988f)]. Comment: incorrect original stem formation, not in prevailing usage.
</paragraph>
<paragraph pageId="191" pageNumber="192">
<taxonomicName genus="Oncomerinini" lsidName="Oncomerinini" pageId="191" pageNumber="192" rank="genus">*Oncomerinini</taxonomicName>
<normalizedToken originalValue="Švihla">Svihla</normalizedToken>
, 1986: 161 [stem: Oncomerin-]. Type genus:
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Oedemeridae" genus="Oncomerina" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oncomerina" order="Coleoptera" pageId="191" pageNumber="192" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Oncomerina</taxonomicName>
Seidlitz, 1899 [syn. of
<taxonomicName class="Insecta" family="Oedemeridae" genus="Oncomera" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" lsidName="Oncomera" order="Coleoptera" pageId="191" pageNumber="192" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">Oncomera</taxonomicName>
Stephens, 1829]. Comment: family-group name unavailable (Art. 11.6): originally published as synonym and not made available subsequently.
</paragraph>
</subSubSection>
</treatment>
</document>