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<document id="AA13CA82E1E7558210C3454EA0550787" ID-DOI="10.5070/P9401462457" ID-ISSN="0031-0298" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10913330" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.tables_requiresApprovalFor="GgImagineBatch,operationResults" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1712167746961" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Wheeler, Elisabeth A., Manchester, Steven R. & Baas, Pieter" docDate="2023" docId="038AF505A335962D54F7FA4AFA549A25" docLanguage="en" docName="PaleoBios.40.14.1-55.pdf" docOrigin="PaleoBios 40 (14)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.5070/p9401462457" docStyle="DocumentStyle:76F55B8832C4952BA7DD61B33E1F0E81.3:PaleoBios.2023-.journal_article" docStyleId="76F55B8832C4952BA7DD61B33E1F0E81" docStyleName="PaleoBios.2023-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="3" docTitle="Laurinoxylon FELIX EMEND DUPERON" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="11" masterDocId="FFB38D7DA33F9621547BFFC0FFD49B4F" masterDocTitle="A late Eocene wood assemblage from the Crooked River Basin, Oregon, USA" masterLastPageNumber="55" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="9" updateTime="1728048561589" updateUser="carolina" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-NC-SA-4.0">
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<mods:title id="50D19B79C37C2FA6B450C5A7720579D6">A late Eocene wood assemblage from the Crooked River Basin, Oregon, USA</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="4F1DB706D7A6249E484FB3D456CF3C9C">Wheeler, Elisabeth A.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="4E313B8B55FBE54E385C9FA8130E051E">Manchester, Steven R.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:namePart id="EFCAB6AB06F8B911009A278A55D12DB9">Baas, Pieter</mods:namePart>
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<mods:date id="E6BD64A61C797BC6BB9C1CB591C6EBDA">2023</mods:date>
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<treatment id="038AF505A335962D54F7FA4AFA549A25" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:038AF505A335962D54F7FA4AFA549A25" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/038AF505A335962D54F7FA4AFA549A25" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
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<heading id="D0D4F37FA335962B54F7FA4AFD4C9EA4" allCaps="true" centered="true" fontSize="10" level="2" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" reason="2">
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<subSubSection id="C3391798A335962B54F7FA4AFD799E89" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B9C4413A335962B54F7FA4AFD799E89" blockId="10.[140,772,1346,1517]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
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<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A335962B54F7FA4AFD809EEA" authority="FELIX EMEND DUPERON" authorityName="FELIX EMEND DUPERON" box="[140,596,1416,1446]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Laurinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B9579801A335962B54F7FA4AFE9F9EE9" box="[140,331,1418,1446]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">LAURINOXYLON</emphasis>
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||||
FELIX EMEND DUPÉRON
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</taxonomicName>
|
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,
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<collectionCode id="ED32DCD6A335962B5626FA48FCD09EEA" box="[605,772,1416,1445]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">DUPÉRON-LAU-</collectionCode>
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<collectionCode id="ED32DCD6A335962B5498FA6EFE879E89" box="[227,339,1454,1478]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">DOUEREIX</collectionCode>
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,
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,
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<collectionCode id="ED32DCD6A335962B55C0FA6EFE0E9E8A" box="[443,474,1454,1477]" country="Hungary" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15158" name="Debrecen University" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="Herbarium">DE</collectionCode>
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<collectionCode id="ED32DCD6A335962B559BFA6EFDBD9E89" box="[480,617,1454,1478]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">FRANCESCHI</collectionCode>
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, 2008
|
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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<subSubSection id="C3391798A335962B5483FA11FD4C9EA4" box="[248,664,1488,1517]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="taxon_list">
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<paragraph id="8B9C4413A335962B5483FA11FD4C9EA4" blockId="10.[140,772,1346,1517]" box="[248,664,1488,1517]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
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<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A335962B5483FA11FE639EA2" authority="J.Felix, 1883" box="[248,439,1489,1517]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Laurinoxylon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B9579801A335962B5483FA11FE639EA2" box="[248,439,1489,1517]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">LAURINOXYLON</emphasis>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||||
SP. A OF
|
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<collectionCode id="ED32DCD6A335962B5664FA14FDB59EA4" box="[543,609,1492,1515]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">DIETZ</collectionCode>
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<collectionCode id="ED32DCD6A335962B561CFA14FD4C9EA4" box="[615,664,1492,1515]" country="United Kingdom" httpUri="http://biocol.org/urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15801" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15801" name="Sir Harold Hillier Gardens" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="Herbarium">HILL</collectionCode>
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</paragraph>
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</subSubSection>
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</heading>
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<subSubSection id="C3391798A335962B55E8F9C4FADC9DF0" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B9C4413A335962B55E8F9C4FE299D53" blockId="10.[403,509,1540,1564]" box="[403,509,1540,1564]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
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<figureCitation id="13185896A335962B55E8F9C4FE299D53" box="[403,509,1540,1564]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="11.[112,187,1377,1401]" captionTargetBox="[131,1502,192,1353]" captionTargetId="figure-221@11.[131,1502,192,1367]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 5. Lauraceae. Laurinoxylon sp., UF 278-84868. A, B. Diffuse-porous wood with distinct growth ring boundaries; vessels solitary and in radial pairs, * to the left of an oil cell., TS. C. Crowded alternate intervessel pits, polygonal in outline, tyloses, TLS. D. Vessel-ray parenchyma pits (VRP) with reduced borders to simple, RLS. E. Oil/mucilage cell (OC), RLS. F. Rays 1-3-seriate with marginal rows of 1‒3 upright/square cells; likely oil/mucilage cell (OC), mostly non-septate fibers, TLS. Scale bars=200 µm in A; 100 µm in B; E, F; 20 µm in C, D." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913340" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913340/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">FIG. 5A–F</figureCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B9C4413A335962B54EBF9F5FD5C9CC3" blockId="10.[112,800,1589,1933]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B9579801A335962B54EBF9F5FE8D9D00" bold="true" box="[144,345,1589,1615]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Description—</emphasis>
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||||
Growth ring boundaries distinct, marked by radially flattened fibers (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13185896A335962B5654F998FD7D9D3C" box="[559,681,1624,1651]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="11.[112,187,1377,1401]" captionTargetBox="[131,1502,192,1353]" captionTargetId="figure-221@11.[131,1502,192,1367]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 5. Lauraceae. Laurinoxylon sp., UF 278-84868. A, B. Diffuse-porous wood with distinct growth ring boundaries; vessels solitary and in radial pairs, * to the left of an oil cell., TS. C. Crowded alternate intervessel pits, polygonal in outline, tyloses, TLS. D. Vessel-ray parenchyma pits (VRP) with reduced borders to simple, RLS. E. Oil/mucilage cell (OC), RLS. F. Rays 1-3-seriate with marginal rows of 1‒3 upright/square cells; likely oil/mucilage cell (OC), mostly non-septate fibers, TLS. Scale bars=200 µm in A; 100 µm in B; E, F; 20 µm in C, D." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913340" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913340/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Fig. 5A, B</figureCitation>
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). Diffuse-porous; vessels solitary (56%) and in radial pairs (
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<figureCitation id="13185896A335962B568AF9BCFF6E9DF6" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="11.[112,187,1377,1401]" captionTargetBox="[131,1502,192,1353]" captionTargetId="figure-221@11.[131,1502,192,1367]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 5. Lauraceae. Laurinoxylon sp., UF 278-84868. A, B. Diffuse-porous wood with distinct growth ring boundaries; vessels solitary and in radial pairs, * to the left of an oil cell., TS. C. Crowded alternate intervessel pits, polygonal in outline, tyloses, TLS. D. Vessel-ray parenchyma pits (VRP) with reduced borders to simple, RLS. E. Oil/mucilage cell (OC), RLS. F. Rays 1-3-seriate with marginal rows of 1‒3 upright/square cells; likely oil/mucilage cell (OC), mostly non-septate fibers, TLS. Scale bars=200 µm in A; 100 µm in B; E, F; 20 µm in C, D." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913340" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913340/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Fig. 5A, B</figureCitation>
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); mean tangential diameter 84 (
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<collectionCode id="ED32DCD6A335962B561FF95FFD5A9DF6" box="[612,654,1695,1721]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15659" name="San Diego Natural History Museum" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="Herbarium">SD</collectionCode>
|
||||
=14), range 62–110 µm. Simple perforation plates; intervessel pits crowded alternate (
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||||
<figureCitation id="13185896A335962B5518F925FE689C4F" box="[355,444,1765,1792]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="11.[112,187,1377,1401]" captionTargetBox="[131,1502,192,1353]" captionTargetId="figure-221@11.[131,1502,192,1367]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 5. Lauraceae. Laurinoxylon sp., UF 278-84868. A, B. Diffuse-porous wood with distinct growth ring boundaries; vessels solitary and in radial pairs, * to the left of an oil cell., TS. C. Crowded alternate intervessel pits, polygonal in outline, tyloses, TLS. D. Vessel-ray parenchyma pits (VRP) with reduced borders to simple, RLS. E. Oil/mucilage cell (OC), RLS. F. Rays 1-3-seriate with marginal rows of 1‒3 upright/square cells; likely oil/mucilage cell (OC), mostly non-septate fibers, TLS. Scale bars=200 µm in A; 100 µm in B; E, F; 20 µm in C, D." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913340" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913340/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Fig. 5C</figureCitation>
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||||
), polygonal in outline, 6–7–9 µm in horizontal diameter;coarse vessel-ray parenchyma pits with reduced borders, horizontally enlarged (
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<figureCitation id="13185896A335962B568AF8ECFF4C9C25" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="11.[112,187,1377,1401]" captionTargetBox="[131,1502,192,1353]" captionTargetId="figure-221@11.[131,1502,192,1367]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 5. Lauraceae. Laurinoxylon sp., UF 278-84868. A, B. Diffuse-porous wood with distinct growth ring boundaries; vessels solitary and in radial pairs, * to the left of an oil cell., TS. C. Crowded alternate intervessel pits, polygonal in outline, tyloses, TLS. D. Vessel-ray parenchyma pits (VRP) with reduced borders to simple, RLS. E. Oil/mucilage cell (OC), RLS. F. Rays 1-3-seriate with marginal rows of 1‒3 upright/square cells; likely oil/mucilage cell (OC), mostly non-septate fibers, TLS. Scale bars=200 µm in A; 100 µm in B; E, F; 20 µm in C, D." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913340" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913340/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Fig. 5D</figureCitation>
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); vessel element length averages 339 (
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED32DCD6A335962B5616F88FFD419C26" box="[621,661,1871,1897]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15659" name="San Diego Natural History Museum" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="Herbarium">SD</collectionCode>
|
||||
=82), range 158–497 µm; tyloses present, thick-walled.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B9C4413A335962B571BFAC7FBE89E0C" blockId="10.[832,1520,1287,1934]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Axial parenchyma scanty paratracheal parenchyma, 4–6 cells per strand.</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="8B9C4413A335962B571BFA8CFADF9EC6" blockId="10.[832,1520,1287,1934]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
Fibers without obvious pits; non-septate, rarely septate; thin-to-thick-walled (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13185896A335962B50FCFAAFFB2A9EC6" box="[1159,1278,1391,1418]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="11.[112,187,1377,1401]" captionTargetBox="[131,1502,192,1353]" captionTargetId="figure-221@11.[131,1502,192,1367]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 5. Lauraceae. Laurinoxylon sp., UF 278-84868. A, B. Diffuse-porous wood with distinct growth ring boundaries; vessels solitary and in radial pairs, * to the left of an oil cell., TS. C. Crowded alternate intervessel pits, polygonal in outline, tyloses, TLS. D. Vessel-ray parenchyma pits (VRP) with reduced borders to simple, RLS. E. Oil/mucilage cell (OC), RLS. F. Rays 1-3-seriate with marginal rows of 1‒3 upright/square cells; likely oil/mucilage cell (OC), mostly non-septate fibers, TLS. Scale bars=200 µm in A; 100 µm in B; E, F; 20 µm in C, D." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913340" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913340/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Fig. 5E, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B9C4413A335962B571BFA52FB129D5B" blockId="10.[832,1520,1287,1934]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
Rays 1–3-seriate (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13185896A335962B503FFA51FB4B9EE3" box="[1092,1183,1425,1452]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="11.[112,187,1377,1401]" captionTargetBox="[131,1502,192,1353]" captionTargetId="figure-221@11.[131,1502,192,1367]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 5. Lauraceae. Laurinoxylon sp., UF 278-84868. A, B. Diffuse-porous wood with distinct growth ring boundaries; vessels solitary and in radial pairs, * to the left of an oil cell., TS. C. Crowded alternate intervessel pits, polygonal in outline, tyloses, TLS. D. Vessel-ray parenchyma pits (VRP) with reduced borders to simple, RLS. E. Oil/mucilage cell (OC), RLS. F. Rays 1-3-seriate with marginal rows of 1‒3 upright/square cells; likely oil/mucilage cell (OC), mostly non-septate fibers, TLS. Scale bars=200 µm in A; 100 µm in B; E, F; 20 µm in C, D." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913340" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913340/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Fig. 5F</figureCitation>
|
||||
), multiseriate rays heterocellular with 1–3 rows of marginal square/upright cells (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13185896A335962B5732FA17FC759EBD" box="[841,929,1495,1522]" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="11.[112,187,1377,1401]" captionTargetBox="[131,1502,192,1353]" captionTargetId="figure-221@11.[131,1502,192,1367]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 5. Lauraceae. Laurinoxylon sp., UF 278-84868. A, B. Diffuse-porous wood with distinct growth ring boundaries; vessels solitary and in radial pairs, * to the left of an oil cell., TS. C. Crowded alternate intervessel pits, polygonal in outline, tyloses, TLS. D. Vessel-ray parenchyma pits (VRP) with reduced borders to simple, RLS. E. Oil/mucilage cell (OC), RLS. F. Rays 1-3-seriate with marginal rows of 1‒3 upright/square cells; likely oil/mucilage cell (OC), mostly non-septate fibers, TLS. Scale bars=200 µm in A; 100 µm in B; E, F; 20 µm in C, D." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913340" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913340/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Fig. 5E</figureCitation>
|
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); average ray height 338 µm (
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED32DCD6A335962B5179FA17FAFF9EBE" box="[1282,1323,1495,1521]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15659" name="San Diego Natural History Museum" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="Herbarium">SD</collectionCode>
|
||||
=141) µm, range 132–662 µm; 6–8 rays per mm.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B9C4413A335962B571BF9DCFA249D17" blockId="10.[832,1520,1287,1934]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
Oil/mucilage cells present, but not common (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13185896A335962B51E9F9DCFCA49D16" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="11.[112,187,1377,1401]" captionTargetBox="[131,1502,192,1353]" captionTargetId="figure-221@11.[131,1502,192,1367]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="Figure 5. Lauraceae. Laurinoxylon sp., UF 278-84868. A, B. Diffuse-porous wood with distinct growth ring boundaries; vessels solitary and in radial pairs, * to the left of an oil cell., TS. C. Crowded alternate intervessel pits, polygonal in outline, tyloses, TLS. D. Vessel-ray parenchyma pits (VRP) with reduced borders to simple, RLS. E. Oil/mucilage cell (OC), RLS. F. Rays 1-3-seriate with marginal rows of 1‒3 upright/square cells; likely oil/mucilage cell (OC), mostly non-septate fibers, TLS. Scale bars=200 µm in A; 100 µm in B; E, F; 20 µm in C, D." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913340" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913340/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Fig. 5B, E, F</figureCitation>
|
||||
), isolated among fibers and possibly in ray margins.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B9C4413A335962B571BF9A0FC2E9DD1" blockId="10.[832,1520,1287,1934]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B9579801A335962B571BF9A0FBD39D35" bold="true" box="[864,1031,1632,1658]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Specimen—</emphasis>
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED32DCD6A335962B5073F9A1FBF89D34" box="[1032,1068,1633,1659]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34858" name="Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology and Paleobotany" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="Museum">UF</collectionCode>
|
||||
278-84868, estimated maximum diameter
|
||||
<quantity id="4CDBE9F6A335962B57C3F943FC239DD1" box="[952,1015,1667,1694]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.0" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" unit="cm" value="6.0">6 cm</quantity>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B9C4413A335962B571BF965FADC9DF0" blockId="10.[832,1520,1287,1934]" box="[864,1288,1701,1727]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B9579801A335962B571BF965FBC39DF0" bold="true" box="[864,1047,1701,1727]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Occurrence—</emphasis>
|
||||
Dietz Hill (
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED32DCD6A335962B50E1F965FB149DF0" box="[1178,1216,1701,1727]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:34858" name="Florida Museum of Natural History- Zoology, Paleontology and Paleobotany" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="Museum">UF</collectionCode>
|
||||
278).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C3391798A335962D571BF907FA549A25" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B9C4413A335962B571BF907FA8B9C69" blockId="10.[832,1520,1287,1934]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B9579801A335962B571BF907FBD89DAE" bold="true" box="[864,1036,1735,1761]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Comments—</emphasis>
|
||||
The cross sections give the impression that axial parenchyma is abundant, but the longitudinal sections show that it is scanty paratracheal.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B9C4413A335962A571BF8EEFA8F9DA7" blockId="10.[832,1520,1287,1934]" lastBlockId="11.[832,1520,1564,1944]" lastPageId="11" lastPageNumber="10" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B9579801A335962B571BF8EEFA999C07" bold="true" box="[864,1357,1838,1864]" pageId="10" pageNumber="9">Comparison with modern woods—</emphasis>
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED32DCD6A335962B5135F8EFFAB49C06" box="[1358,1376,1839,1865]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="10" pageNumber="9" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
|
||||
search for diffuse-porous woods with randomly distributed vessels that are solitary and in short multiples (1p 5p 6a 7a 8a 9a 10a 11a), simple perforation plates (13p), alternate intervessel pits that are not minute (22p 24a), vessel-ray parenchyma pits with reduced borders to apparently simple, horizontally elongate (32p), non-septate fibers with simple pits (61p 66p), scanty paratracheal not accompanied by obvious axial parenchyma (78p 80a 83a 85a 86a), rays 1–3 seriate (97p), not homocellular (104a 105a), and oil/mucilage cells among fibers (126p) yields only members of the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A334962A5509F8F8FE219C1D" authorityName="JUSSIEU" authorityYear="1789" box="[370,501,1848,1874]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Lauraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The IW search for these features returned species of the genera
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A334962A560EF89AFED89CD7" authority="Nees (1831)" authorityName="Nees" authorityYear="1831" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Beilschmiedia" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B9579801A334962A560EF89AFCF49C3B" box="[629,800,1882,1908]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Beilschmiedia</emphasis>
|
||||
Nees (1831)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A334962A5563F8BEFD819CD7" authority="R. Br. (1810)" authorityName="R. Br." authorityYear="1810" box="[280,597,1918,1946]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Cryptocarya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B9579801A334962A5563F8BEFE7B9CD5" box="[280,431,1918,1946]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Cryptocarya</emphasis>
|
||||
R. Br. (1810)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A334962A5619F8BCFC439D77" authority="Thunb. (1783)" authorityName="Thunb." authorityYear="1783" box="[610,919,1566,1944]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Lindera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B9579801A334962A5619F8BCFD159CD7" box="[610,705,1916,1944]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Lindera</emphasis>
|
||||
Thunb. (1783)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A334962A57DAF9DCFB519D77" authority="Lam. (1792)" authorityName="Lam." authorityYear="1792" box="[929,1157,1564,1592]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Litsea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B9579801A334962A57DAF9DCFC3E9D77" box="[929,1002,1564,1592]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Litsea</emphasis>
|
||||
Lam. (1792)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A334962A50B8F9DEFA629D77" authority="Aubl. (1775)" authorityName="Aubl." authorityYear="1775" box="[1219,1462,1565,1594]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Ocotea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B9579801A334962A50B8F9DEFAC39D75" box="[1219,1303,1566,1594]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Ocotea</emphasis>
|
||||
Aubl. (1775)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The inclusion of oil/mucilage cells in rays (124p) yielded the same genera. We did not observe any scalariform perforation plates in this wood, but given that there is only one small sample, we cannot exclude the possibility of them being a rare occurrence in the original tree.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="DF5C149BA334962A540BFAA1FE119EAB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.10913340" ID-Zenodo-Dep="10913340" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/10913340/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" startId="11.[112,187,1377,1401]" targetBox="[131,1502,192,1353]" targetPageId="11" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B9C4413A334962A540BFAA1FE119EAB" blockId="11.[112,1502,1377,1509]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B9579801A334962A540BFAA1FF029E35" bold="true" box="[112,214,1377,1402]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Figure 5.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A334962A54A0FAA2FE989E36" authorityName="JUSSIEU" authorityYear="1789" box="[219,332,1378,1401]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Lauraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A334962A552FFAA3FDD09E36" box="[340,516,1378,1403]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Laurinoxylon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undetermined">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B9579801A334962A552FFAA3FE0B9E34" box="[340,479,1379,1403]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">Laurinoxylon</emphasis>
|
||||
sp.
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, UF 278-84868.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B9579801A334962A56CEFAA1FD359E35" bold="true" box="[693,737,1377,1402]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">A, B</emphasis>
|
||||
. Diffuse-porous wood with distinct growth ring boundaries; vessels solitary and in radial pairs, * to the left of an oil cell., TS.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B9579801A334962A56B7FABCFD0F9EDB" bold="true" box="[716,731,1404,1428]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">C</emphasis>
|
||||
. Crowded alternate intervessel pits, polygonal in outline, tyloses, TLS.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B9579801A334962A540BFA57FF569EE0" bold="true" box="[112,130,1431,1455]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">D</emphasis>
|
||||
. Vessel-ray parenchyma pits (VRP) with reduced borders to simple, RLS.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B9579801A334962A57E9FA57FC759EE0" bold="true" box="[914,929,1431,1455]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">E</emphasis>
|
||||
. Oil/mucilage cell (OC), RLS.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B9579801A334962A509BFA57FB3A9EE0" bold="true" box="[1248,1262,1431,1455]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">F</emphasis>
|
||||
. Rays 1-3-seriate with marginal rows of 1‒3 upright/square cells; likely oil/mucilage cell (OC), mostly non-septate fibers, TLS. Scale bars=200 µm in A; 100 µm in B; E, F; 20 µm in C, D.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B9C4413A334962D571BF931FCF49A9B" blockId="11.[832,1520,1564,1944]" lastBlockId="12.[112,806,195,1936]" lastPageId="12" lastPageNumber="11" pageId="11" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
Richter’s work on the family is the most comprehensive and he noted that there is overlap in the anatomical features of some genera making it difficult in some cases to identify an isolated piece of lauraceous wood to a single genus (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB239E2A334962A57E7F8BDFBEB9CD7" author="Richter, H. G." box="[924,1087,1917,1944]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 148" refId="ref38720" refString="Richter, H. G. 1981. Anatomie des sekundaren Xylems und der Rinde der Lauraceae. Sonderbande Naturwiss. Vereins Hamburg 5: 1 - 148." type="journal article" year="1981">Richter 1981</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB239E2A334962A5030F8BEFB589CD7" author="Richter, H. G." box="[1099,1164,1918,1944]" pageId="11" pageNumber="10" refId="ref38749" refString="Richter, H. G. 1987. Lauraceae: Mature secondary xylem. Pp. 162 - 168 in C. R. Metcalfe (ed.). Anatomy of the Dicotyledons: Magnoliales, Illiciales, and Laurales (second edition, v. 3): Oxford, United Kingdom, Oxford Science Publications." type="book" year="1987">1987</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Reviewing images in wood anatomical atlases (e.g., the
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED32DCD6A333962D55B0FF03FDC39B92" box="[459,535,195,221]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">FFPRI</collectionCode>
|
||||
on-line database and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB239E2A333962D540BFF26FEF29A4F" author="Itoh, T. B. & Pan, P. & Baas, J. & Luo, D. & Li, Y. & Cui, F. & Wang & M. Mertz & Y. Yasumoto" box="[112,294,230,257]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" refId="ref36047" refString="Itoh, T. B. Pan, P. Baas, J. Luo, D. Li, Y. Cui, F. Wang. M. Mertz and Y. Yasumoto. 2022. Anatomical Atlas and Database of Chinese Woods. Kaiseisha Press. 2679 pp." type="book" year="2022">Itoh et al. 2022</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) confirms this. There is also considerable intraspecific variation as shown by the image database of
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED32DCD6A333962D54F6FEEDFF0C9A08" box="[141,216,301,327]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">FFPRI</collectionCode>
|
||||
that includes multiple samples of single species. For example, the 27 samples of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A333962D5669FE8EFEE19AC2" authority="Makino (1897)" authorityName="Makino" authorityYear="1897" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Lindera" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="erythrocarpa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B9579801A333962D5669FE8EFCF59A23" box="[530,801,334,364]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Lindera erythrocarpa</emphasis>
|
||||
Makino (1897)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
vary markedly in abundance of oil/ mucilage cells and axial parenchyma abundance as do 14 samples of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A333962D5559FE7AFCC89A9B" authority="(Blume) Kurata (1968)" authorityName="Kurata" authorityYear="1968" baseAuthorityName="Blume" box="[290,796,441,468]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Litsea" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="acuminata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B9579801A333962D5559FE7AFE219A9C" box="[290,501,442,467]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Litsea acuminata</emphasis>
|
||||
(Blume) Kurata (1968)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B9C4413A333962D54EBFE1CFF3298D1" blockId="12.[112,806,195,1936]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B9579801A333962D54EBFE1CFD859AB8" bold="true" box="[144,593,476,503]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Comparisons with fossil woods—</emphasis>
|
||||
The diagnosis of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A333962D540BFDC0FE869955" authority="Felix" authorityName="Felix" box="[112,338,512,540]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Laurinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B9579801A333962D540BFDC0FEC59953" box="[112,273,512,540]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Laurinoxylon</emphasis>
|
||||
Felix
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as emended by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB239E2A333962D566DFDC0FCF49955" author="Duperon, J. & M. Duperon-Laudoueneix & J. Sakala & D. DeFranceschi" box="[534,800,512,538]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 12" refId="ref34453" refString="Duperon, J., M. Duperon-Laudoueneix, J. Sakala and D. DeFranceschi. 2008. Ulminium diluviale Unger: Historique de la decouverte et nouvelle etude. Annales de Paleontologie 94: 1 - 12." type="journal article" year="2008">Dupéron et al. (2008)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
is broad enough to accommodate this Dietz Hill wood— vessels solitary and in radial multiples, perforation plates simple and sometimes scalariform (we interpret that to mean that perforation plates can be exclusively simple), intervessel pits alternate and moderately large, tyloses present, paratracheal parenchyma (
|
||||
<typeStatus id="5498FAB1A333962D565EFD13FD8A99A2" box="[549,606,723,749]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
and abundance not specified), 1–5-seriate rays (rays 1–3 fall within this range), slightly heterocellular and less than 1.0 mm high, ray-vessel pits large and often stretched, libriform fibers, oil or mucilage cells (idioblasts) present (no mention of location).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B9C4413A333962D54EBFC66FDDE9FB2" blockId="12.[112,806,195,1936]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED32DCD6A333962D54EBFC66FF76988F" box="[144,162,934,960]" country="USA" lsid="urn:lsid:biocol.org:col:15406" name="Harvard University - Arnold Arboretum" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" type="Herbarium">A</collectionCode>
|
||||
search of InsideWood’s ‘Fossil Hardwood’ database for the same features used for modern hardwoods yield- ed two reports of
|
||||
<emphasis id="B9579801A333962D5526FC2CFDE79F49" box="[349,563,1004,1030]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Cinnamomoxylon</emphasis>
|
||||
(Huard)
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB239E2A333962D56D6FC2CFF129F65" author="Gottwald, H." pageId="12" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 83" refId="ref35167" refString="Gottwald, H. 1997. Alttertiare Kieselholzer aus miozanen Schot- tern der ostbayerischen Molasse bei Oretburg. Documenta Naturae 109: 1 - 83." type="journal article" year="1997">Gottwald (1997)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, three of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A333962D554FFBD0FD059F65" authority="Leisman (1986)" authorityName="Leisman" authorityYear="1986" box="[308,721,1040,1068]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Cryptocaryoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B9579801A333962D554FFBD0FDDC9F63" box="[308,520,1040,1068]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Cryptocaryoxylon</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB239E2A333962D5676FBD0FD059F65" author="Leisman, G. A." box="[525,721,1040,1066]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" pagination="225" refId="ref36557" refString="Leisman, G. A. 1986. Cryptocaryoxylon gippslandicum gen. et sp. nov., from the Tertiary of eastern Victoria. Alcheringa 10: 225 _ 234." type="journal article" year="1986">Leisman (1986)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, ten of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A333962D540BFBF3FEC59F00" box="[112,273,1075,1103]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Laurinoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B9579801A333962D540BFBF3FEC59F00" box="[112,273,1075,1103]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Laurinoxylon</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and one of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A333962D55E6FBF3FCCE9F02" authority="Huang et al. (2018)" authorityName="Huang" authorityYear="2018" box="[413,794,1075,1103]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Litseoxylon" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B9579801A333962D55E6FBF3FDF29F00" box="[413,550,1075,1103]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Litseoxylon</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB239E2A333962D5657FBF3FCCE9F02" author="Huang, L-L. & J. Sun & J-H. Jin & C. Quan & A. A. Oskolski" box="[556,794,1075,1101]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" pagination="223 - 233" refId="ref35842" refString="Huang, L-L., J. Sun, J-H. Jin, C. Quan and A. A. Oskolski. 2018. Litseoxylon gen. nov. (Lauraceae): The most ancient fossil angiosperm wood with helical thickenings from southeastern Asia. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 258: 223 - 233. [https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. revpalbo. 2018.08.006]." type="journal article" year="2018">Huang et al. (2018)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Of these the most similar is the Paleocene
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A333962D5604FB96FF789FDB" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Laurinoxylon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undefined-B">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B9579801A333962D5604FB96FCF49F3D" box="[639,800,1110,1138]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Laurinoxylon</emphasis>
|
||||
sp. B
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from the Denver Basin,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49E78AF1A333962D55ACFBB9FD9E9FDC" box="[471,586,1145,1171]" country="United States of America" name="Colorado" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Colorado</collectingRegion>
|
||||
, because oil/mucilage cells are not common and are amongst the fibers and ray parenchyma, however, the Paleocene wood has wider rays (Wheeler et al. 2019).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B9C4413A333962D54EBFAC5FB429A4F" blockId="12.[112,806,195,1936]" lastBlockId="12.[832,1520,195,364]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
The literature is awash with reports of fossil
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A333962D56D9FAC6FCF49E6F" authorityName="JUSSIEU" authorityYear="1789" box="[674,800,1286,1312]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Lauraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
dating back to mid-1800s with woods ranging in age from the late Cretaceous through the Cenozoic (see list in Gregory et al., 2009). Of those, among the most important is the critical review and summary by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB239E2A333962D564DFA50FE649E82" author="Duperon-Laudoueneix, M. & J. Duperon" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" pagination="127 - 151" refId="ref34493" refString="Duperon-Laudoueneix, M. and J. Duperon. 2005. Bois fossiles de Lauraceae: nouvelle decourverte au Cameroun, inventaire et discussion. Annales de Paleontologie 91: 127 - 151. doi: 10.1016 / j. annpal. 2005.03.002 [https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. annpal. 2007.12.003]." type="journal article" year="2005">Dupéron-Laudoueneix and Dupéron (2005)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. Subsequent publications describing
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A333962D54A3FA16FE829EBF" authorityName="JUSSIEU" authorityYear="1789" box="[216,342,1494,1520]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Lauraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
woods include those by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB239E2A333962D5601FA15FE8B9D5C" author="Boonchai, N. & S. R. Manchester" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" pagination="209 - 227" refId="ref33016" refString="Boonchai, N. and S. R. Manchester. 2012. Systematic affinities of Early Eocene petrified woods from Big Sandy Reservoir, southwestern Wyoming. International Journal of Plant Science 173 (3): 209 - 227. [https: // doi. org / 10.1086 / 663161]." type="journal article" year="2012">
|
||||
Boonchai and
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49E78AF1A333962D540BFA38FED79D5D" box="[112,259,1528,1554]" country="United Kingdom" name="Manchester" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Manchester</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(2012)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB239E2A333962D5510FA39FDCA9D5C" author="Franco, M. J." box="[363,542,1528,1555]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" pagination="307 - 324" refId="ref34826" refString="Franco, M. J. 2012. Maderas fosiles de Lauraceae de la Formacion Ituzaingo. (Pliocene - Pleistoceno), cuenca del rio Parana, Argentina. Revista del Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales, n. s. 14 (2): 307 - 324." type="journal article" year="2012">Franco (2012)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB239E2A333962D5652FA38FCCE9D5C" author="Shukla, A. & R. C. Mehrotra & J. S. Guleria" box="[553,794,1528,1555]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" pagination="181 - 185" refId="ref39288" refString="Shukla, A., R. C. Mehrotra and J. S. Guleria. 2013. First record of a lauraceous wood from the Palaeogene sediments of western India. Journal of Palaeosciences 62: 181 - 185. [https: // doi. org / 10.54991 / jop. 2013.343]." type="journal article" year="2013">Shukla et al. (2013)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB239E2A333962D540BF9DBFE879D7A" author="Brea, M. & A. E. Artabe & J. R. Franzese & A. F. Zucol & E. M. Morei & G. D. Veiga & D. G. Ganuza" box="[112,339,1563,1590]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" pagination="19 - 42" refId="ref33126" refString="Brea, M., A. E. Artabe, J. R. Franzese, A. F. Zucol, LA. Spalletti, E. M. Morei, G. D. Veiga and D. G. Ganuza. 2015. Reconstruction of a fossil forest reveals details of the palaeoecology, palaeoenvironments and climatic conditions in the late Oligocene of South America. P alaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 418: 19 - 42. [https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. palaeo. 2014.11.013]." type="journal article" year="2015">Brea et al. (2015)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB239E2A333962D5518F9DBFDB79D7A" author="Franco M. & M. Brea & E. Passeggi & L. Martin" box="[355,611,1563,1590]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" pagination="388 - 398" refId="ref34877" refString="Franco M., M. Brea, E. Passeggi and L. Martin. 2015. The first record of Lauraceae fossil woods Cretaceous Puerto Yerua Formation of eastern Argentina and palaeobiogeographic implications. Cretaceous Research 56: 388 - 398. [https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. cretres. 2015.05.014]." type="journal article" year="2015">Franco et al. (2015)</bibRefCitation>
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||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB239E2A333962D5608F9DBFECB9D17" author="Koutecky, V. & J. Sakala" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" pagination="377 - 398" refId="ref36308" refString="Koutecky, V. and J. Sakala. 2015. New fossil woods from the Paleogene of Doupovske hory and Ceske stredohori Mts. (Bohemian Massif, Czech Republic). Acta Musei Nationalis Pragae, Series B - Historia Naturalis 71 (3 - 4): 377 - 398." type="journal article" year="2015">Koutecký and Sakala (2015)</bibRefCitation>
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||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB239E2A333962D5557F9FDFD839D17" author="Mantzouka, D. & V. Karakitsios & J. Sakala & E. A. Wheeler" box="[300,599,1597,1624]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" pagination="459 - 488" refId="ref37470" refString="Mantzouka, D., V. Karakitsios, J. Sakala and E. A. Wheeler. 2016. Us- ing idioblasts to group Laurinoxylon species: Case study from the Oligo-Miocene of Europe: IAWA Journal 37 (3): 459 - 488. [https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 22941932 - 20160147]." type="journal article" year="2016">Mantzouka et al. (2016)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB239E2A333962D561EF9FDFF2C9D35" author="Cevallos-Ferriz, S. R. S. & G Ceren and & L. Flores" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" pagination="186 - 192" refId="ref33645" refString="Cevallos-Ferriz, S. R. S., G Ceren and L. Flores. 2016. Laurinoxylon chalatenangensis sp. nov. from the Miocene Chalatenango. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 233: 186 - 192. [https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. revpalbo. 2016.04.003]" type="journal article" year="2016">Cevallos-Ferriz et al. (2016</bibRefCitation>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB239E2A333962D557AF9A0FE959D35" author="Cevallos-Ferriz, S. R. S. & A. S. Catharina & B. Kneller" box="[257,321,1632,1658]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" refId="ref33587" refString="Cevallos-Ferriz, S. R. S., A. S. Catharina and B. Kneller. 2021. Cre- taceous Lauraceae wood from El Rosario, Baja California, Mexico. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 292: [https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. revpalbo. 2021.104478]." type="journal volume" year="2021">2021</bibRefCitation>
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),
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB239E2A333962D552DF9A0FDAC9D34" author="Jud, N. & J. Dunham" box="[342,632,1632,1659]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" pagination="366 - 411" refId="ref36232" refString="Jud, N. and J. Dunham. 2017. Fossil woods from the Cenozoic of Panama (Azuero Peninsula) reveal an ancient neotropi- cal rainforest. IAWA Journal 38 (3): 366 - 411. [https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 22941932 - 20170176]." type="journal article" year="2017">Jud and Dunham (2017)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB239E2A333962D56F9F9A0FED19DD2" author="Estrada-Ruiz, E. & E. A. Wheeler & G. R. Upchurch & G. H. Mack" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" pagination="136 - 150" refId="ref34639" refString="Estrada-Ruiz, E., E. A. Wheeler, G. R. Upchurch and G. H. Mack. 2018. Late Cretaceous angiosperm woods from the McRae Formation, south-central New Mexico, USA: Part 2. International Journal of Plant Science 179: 136 - 150. [https: // doi. org / 10.1086 / 695503]." type="journal article" year="2018">Estrada-Ruiz et al. (2018)</bibRefCitation>
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,
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB239E2A333962D556BF943FE2E9DD2" author="Huang, L-L. & J. Sun & J-H. Jin & C. Quan & A. A. Oskolski" box="[272,506,1667,1693]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" pagination="223 - 233" refId="ref35842" refString="Huang, L-L., J. Sun, J-H. Jin, C. Quan and A. A. Oskolski. 2018. Litseoxylon gen. nov. (Lauraceae): The most ancient fossil angiosperm wood with helical thickenings from southeastern Asia. Review of Palaeobotany and Palynology 258: 223 - 233. [https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. revpalbo. 2018.08.006]." type="journal article" year="2018">Huang et al. (2018)</bibRefCitation>
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,
|
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||||
, Akkemik et al. (2019, 2021);
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB239E2A333962D55C0F966FD6D9D8F" author="Gungor, Y. U. & Akkemik, C. & E. BaSaran" box="[443,697,1702,1728]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" pagination="22 - 34" refId="ref35403" refString="Gungor, Y. U. Akkemik, C. KasapCI and E. BaSaran. 2019. Geol- ogy and woods of a new fossil forest from the Early Miocene of GokCeada (Turkey). Forestist 69 (1): 22 - 34. [https: // doi. org / 10.26650 / forestist. 2019.412545]." type="journal article" year="2019">Güngör et al. (2019)</bibRefCitation>
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,
|
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||||
,
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EFB239E2A333962D54A9F908FD5A9DAC" author="Perez-Lara, D. K. & E. Estrada-Ruiz & C. Castaneda-Posadas" box="[210,654,1736,1763]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" pagination="761 - 772" refId="ref38168" refString="Perez-Lara, D. K., E. Estrada-Ruiz and C. Castaneda-Posadas. 2019. Nueva especie de Laurinoxylon (Lauraceae) de la Formacion El Bosque (Eocene), Chiapas ,, Mexico. Boletin de la Sociedad Geologica Mexicana 71 (3): 761 - 772. [https: // doi. org / 10.18268 / BSGM 2019 v 71 n 3 a 8]." type="journal article" year="2019">Pérez-Lara and Estrada-Ruiz (2019)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, Wheeler et al. (2019),
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB239E2A333962D5483F92BFE059C4A" author="Ruiz, D. P. & M. S. Raigemborn & M. Brea & R. R. Pujana" box="[248,465,1771,1797]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" pagination="102414" refId="ref38848" refString="Ruiz, D. P., M. S. Raigemborn, M. Brea and R. R. Pujana. 2020, Pa- leocene Las Violetas fossil forest: Wood anatomy and paleoclimatology. Journal of South America Earth Science 98: 102414. [https: // doi. org / 10.1016 / j. jsames. 2019.102414]." type="journal article" year="2020">Ruiz et al. (2020)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB239E2A333962D566EF92BFE5C9C67" author="Vasquez-Loranca, A. R. & S. R. S Cevallos-Ferriz" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" pagination="479 - 507" refId="ref40337" refString="Vasquez-Loranca, A. R. and S. R. S Cevallos-Ferriz. 2022. A di- verse assemblage of Miocene Lauraceae in Chalatenango, El Salvador. IAWA Journal 43 (4): 479 - 507. [https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / 22941932 - bja 10096]." type="journal article" year="2022">Vasquez-Loranca and Cevallos-Ferriz (2022)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A333962D55E9F8CEFDC69C67" authorityName="JUSSIEU" authorityYear="1789" box="[402,530,1806,1832]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Lauraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
fossil woods are common and relatively diverse (seven species) in the nearby middle Eocene Clarno Nut Beds (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFB239E2A333962D567FF893FF0B9CDF" author="Wheeler, E. A. & S. R. Manchester" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" pagination="1 - 188" refId="ref41110" refString="Wheeler, E. A. and S. R. Manchester. 2002. Woods of the Eocene Nut Beds flora, Clarno Formation, Oregon, USA. IAWA Journal Supplement 3: 1 - 188." type="journal article" year="2002">
|
||||
Wheeler and
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49E78AF1A333962D56D3F893FF409CDF" country="United Kingdom" name="Manchester" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Manchester</collectingRegion>
|
||||
2002
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). These more recent publications all include comparisons of the new species described therein with those previously described.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B9C4413A333962D571BFECAFA549A25" blockId="12.[832,1520,195,364]" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
Because of the variation within
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A333962D5090FECAFAB99A6B" authorityName="JUSSIEU" authorityYear="1789" box="[1259,1389,266,292]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Lauraceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, we prefer not to create a new species based on a single sample, but to refer to it as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C233F90A333962D5786FE90FB349A25" box="[1021,1248,336,364]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Laurinoxylon" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" pageId="12" pageNumber="11" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undefined-A">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B9579801A333962D5786FE90FB4A9A23" box="[1021,1182,336,364]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="11">Laurinoxylon</emphasis>
|
||||
sp. A
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
of Dietz Hill.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
312
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312
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|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05EF839FF770D363962D415" bold="true" box="[151,540,1319,1345]" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">
|
||||
Other
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05EF839FF090D363AD8D415" box="[233,422,1319,1345]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Chrysomelinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in Timor
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C321A092A05EF839FF770D5A3E2FD609" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B84F319A05EF839FF770D5A3B84D431" blockId="14.[151,540,1319,1381]" box="[151,250,1355,1381]" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1300EF9CA05EF839FF7F0D5A3B8FD431" box="[159,241,1355,1381]" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="15.[151,250,725,749]" captionTargetBox="[633,954,196,689]" captionTargetId="figure-15@15.[622,966,181,701]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 31. Phola octodecimguttata (Fabricius, 1775), collected in Timor Leste." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13949839" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13949839/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B84F319A05EF839FF770D823E77D4A1" blockId="14.[151,1437,1427,1886]" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05EF839FF770D823957D4F9" authority="(Jacoby, 1884)" baseAuthorityName="Jacoby" baseAuthorityYear="1884" box="[151,553,1427,1453]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Platymela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unicolor">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05EF839FF770D823A0AD4F9" box="[151,372,1427,1453]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">Platymela unicolor</emphasis>
|
||||
(Jacoby, 1884)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is endemic to Timor, but it was not found during the Australian Museum expedition. The host of two similar northern Australian species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05EF839FC950DA63899D485" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1856" box="[885,999,1463,1489]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Platymela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05EF839FC950DA63899D485" box="[885,999,1463,1489]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">Platymela</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is the small tree
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05EF839FB400DA63F89D485" ID-CoL="34TL" box="[1184,1271,1463,1489]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Atalaya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05EF839FB400DA63F89D485" box="[1184,1271,1463,1489]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">Atalaya</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05EF839FAE50DA63EEBD485" ID-CoL="FY3" box="[1285,1429,1463,1489]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Sapindaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA8EE8A05EF839FF7F0DCA3A66D4A1" author="Reid, C. A. M." box="[159,280,1499,1525]" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" pagination="1 - 119" refId="ref10459" refString="Reid, C. A. M. (2006) A taxonomic revision of the Australian Chrysomelinae, with a key to the genera (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Zootaxa, 1292 (1), 1 - 119. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1292.1.1" type="journal article" year="2006">Reid 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), which occurs in Timor (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA8EE8A05EF839FDD70DCA39BBD4A1" author="Cowie, I." box="[567,709,1499,1525]" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" refId="ref9514" refString="Cowie, I. (2006) A survey of flora and vegetation of the proposed Jaco-Tutuala-Lore National Park, Timor-Leste (East Timor). Report to Birdlife International from Northern Teritory Herbarium. Version 1.0. Palmerston, Northern Territory, 63 pp." type="book" year="2006">Cowie 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), but was not sampled during the AMS expeditions.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B84F319A05EF839FF270DEE39CAD7D1" blockId="14.[151,1437,1427,1886]" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05EF839FF270DEE39E9D74D" authority="(Linnaeus, 1763)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1763" box="[199,663,1535,1561]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Phyllocharis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undulata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05EF839FF270DEE3AB9D74D" box="[199,455,1535,1561]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">Phyllocharis undulata</emphasis>
|
||||
(Linnaeus, 1763)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was recorded from Timor by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA8EE8A05EF839FBE50DEE3F80D74D" author="Mohamedsaid, M. S." box="[1029,1278,1535,1561]" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" refId="ref10011" refString="Mohamedsaid, M. S. (2009) Chrysomelidae of the Lesser Sunda Islands: Wallace's Line and the crossing of worlds. In: Jolivet, P., Santiago-Blay, J. & Schmitt, M. (Eds.), Research on Chrysomelidae. Vol. 2. Brill, Leiden, pp. 57 - 104. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / ej. 9789004169470.1 - 299.21" type="book" year="2009">Mohamedsaid (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. This species was not collected on the Australian Museum expedition, probably because its host was not sampled. The host of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05EF839FF770E563AEAD735" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1763" box="[151,404,1607,1633]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Phyllocharis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undulata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05EF839FF770E563AEAD735" box="[151,404,1607,1633]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">Phyllocharis undulata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49FF3DFBA05EF839FE5D0E563964D735" box="[445,538,1607,1633]" country="Indonesia" name="Sumatera Utara" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">Sumatra</collectingRegion>
|
||||
is the coastal shrub
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05EF839FCED0E563F79D735" ID-CoL="W3V5" box="[781,1031,1607,1633]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Clerodendrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="inerme">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05EF839FCED0E563F79D735" box="[781,1031,1607,1633]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">Clerodendrum inerme</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05EF839FBF80E563FD7D735" ID-CoL="HST" box="[1048,1193,1607,1633]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Verbenaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Verbenaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) (C. Reid,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05EF839FACD0E593EEBD735" box="[1325,1429,1607,1633]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">pers. obs</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2010), which is present on Timor (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA8EE8A05EF839FDFA0E7A39D6D7D1" author="Cowie, I." box="[538,680,1643,1669]" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" refId="ref9514" refString="Cowie, I. (2006) A survey of flora and vegetation of the proposed Jaco-Tutuala-Lore National Park, Timor-Leste (East Timor). Report to Birdlife International from Northern Teritory Herbarium. Version 1.0. Palmerston, Northern Territory, 63 pp." type="book" year="2006">Cowie 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B84F319A05EF839FF270E9E3E2FD609" blockId="14.[151,1437,1427,1886]" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05EF839FF270E9E39D4D7FE" authority="(Fabricius, 1775)" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[199,682,1679,1706]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Phola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="octodecimguttata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05EF839FF270E9E3AA9D7FD" box="[199,471,1679,1705]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">Phola octodecimguttata</emphasis>
|
||||
(Fabricius, 1775)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, not previously known from Timor (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA8EE8A05EF839FBBB0E9E3E3FD7FD" author="Mohamedsaid, M. S." box="[1115,1345,1679,1705]" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" refId="ref10011" refString="Mohamedsaid, M. S. (2009) Chrysomelidae of the Lesser Sunda Islands: Wallace's Line and the crossing of worlds. In: Jolivet, P., Santiago-Blay, J. & Schmitt, M. (Eds.), Research on Chrysomelidae. Vol. 2. Brill, Leiden, pp. 57 - 104. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / ej. 9789004169470.1 - 299.21" type="book" year="2009">Mohamedsaid 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA8EE8A05EF839FAB10E813A5AD799" author="Lee, C. - F. & Geiser, M. F." pageId="14" pageNumber="515" pagination="197 - 218" refId="ref9853" refString="Lee, C. - F. & Geiser, M. F. (2023) Taxonomic review of the genus Phola Weise, 1890 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Chrysomelinae). Journal of Taiwan Agricultural Science, 72 (3), 197 - 218." type="journal article" year="2023">Lee & Geiser 2023</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), was collected by the Australian Museum expedition on a coastal shrub,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05EF839FBBE0EA53F90D799" box="[1118,1262,1715,1741]" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05EF839FBBE0EA53FEBD799" box="[1118,1173,1716,1741]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">Vitex</emphasis>
|
||||
species
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05EF839FB1D0EA23EEFD799" ID-CoL="HST" box="[1277,1425,1715,1741]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Verbenaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Verbenaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), probably
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05EF839FEE10EC93A14D7A5" ID-CoL="5BLDY" box="[257,362,1751,1777]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Vitex" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trifolia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05EF839FEE10EC93A14D7A5" box="[257,362,1751,1777]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">V. trifolia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
based on its distribution and habitat (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA8EE8A05EF839FCE90EC638E1D7A5" author="de Kok, R. P. J." box="[777,927,1751,1777]" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" pagination="587 - 603" refId="ref9560" refString="de Kok, R. P. J. (2007) The genus Vitex L. (Lamiaceae) in New Guinea and the South Pacific Islands. Kew Bulletin, 62, 587 - 603." type="journal article" year="2007">de Kok 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05EF839FC500EC63FC2D7A5" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[944,1212,1751,1777]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Phola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="octodecimguttata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05EF839FC500EC63FC2D7A5" box="[944,1212,1751,1777]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">Phola octodecimguttata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is known to feed on coastal
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05EF839FF0C0EED3A5DD641" ID-CoL="8W4MP" box="[236,291,1788,1813]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Vitex" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05EF839FF0C0EED3A5DD641" box="[236,291,1788,1813]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">Vitex</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and is widespread from eastern
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F32CB389A05EF839FD700EEA3983D641" box="[656,765,1787,1813]" name="Indonesia" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
to
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F32CB389A05EF839FCC20EED38ACD641" box="[802,978,1787,1814]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, including coastal
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F32CB389A05EF839FB430EEA3E74D641" box="[1187,1290,1787,1813]" name="Australia" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA8EE8A05EF839FAF80EEA3EE9D642" author="Chen, S. H." box="[1304,1431,1787,1814]" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" pagination="465 - 475" refId="ref9382" refString="Chen, S. H. (1985) Phylogeny and classification of the Chrysomeloidea. Entomography, 3, 465 - 475." type="journal article" year="1985">Chen 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
; Reid & Smith 2009;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA8EE8A05EF839FE670F313919D66D" author="Lee, C. - F. & Geiser, M. F." box="[391,615,1823,1850]" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" pagination="197 - 218" refId="ref9853" refString="Lee, C. - F. & Geiser, M. F. (2023) Taxonomic review of the genus Phola Weise, 1890 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Chrysomelinae). Journal of Taiwan Agricultural Science, 72 (3), 197 - 218." type="journal article" year="2023">Lee & Geiser 2023</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Material examined (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1300EF9CA05EF839FC800F0E38C9D66D" box="[864,951,1823,1849]" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="15.[151,250,725,749]" captionTargetBox="[633,954,196,689]" captionTargetId="figure-15@15.[622,966,181,701]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 31. Phola octodecimguttata (Fabricius, 1775), collected in Timor Leste." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13949839" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13949839/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D3D3890A05EF839FC2C0F0E3894D66D" box="[972,1002,1823,1849]" count="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||||
/ Timor Leste, Lautem/Baucau border
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0F95DEA05EF839FF770F523A73D60A" box="[151,269,1859,1886]" degrees="8" direction="south" minutes="25.596" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" precision="1" value="-8.4266">8°25.596S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0F95DEA05EF839FEF40F523AD6D609" box="[276,424,1859,1885]" degrees="126" direction="east" minutes="41.617" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" precision="1" value="126.69362">126°41.617E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
acacia/herbs shingle beach
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05EF839FD000F553869D609" ID-CoL="8W4MP" box="[736,791,1860,1885]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Vitex" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05EF839FD000F553869D609" box="[736,791,1860,1885]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">Vitex</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<quantity id="4CC35EFCA05EF839FCFE0F523820D609" box="[798,862,1859,1885]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" unit="m" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2m</quantity>
|
||||
<date id="FF85D5D9A05EF839FC850F5238A2D609" box="[869,988,1859,1885]" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" value="2011-11-10">10.xi.2011</date>
|
||||
C Reid site 8/ K414869/ (AMS).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<caption id="DF44A391A05FF838FF770AC438A7D3B9" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13949839" ID-Zenodo-Dep="13949839" box="[151,985,725,749]" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13949839/files/figure.png" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" startId="15.[151,250,725,749]" targetBox="[633,954,196,689]" targetPageId="15" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B84F319A05FF838FF770AC438A7D3B9" blockId="15.[151,985,725,749]" box="[151,985,725,749]" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05FF838FF770AC43A5ED3B9" bold="true" box="[151,288,725,749]" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">FIGURE 31.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05FF838FEC60AC439AED3B9" authority="(Fabricius, 1775)" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[294,720,725,749]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Phola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="octodecimguttata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05FF838FEC60AC43967D3B9" box="[294,537,725,749]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">Phola octodecimguttata</emphasis>
|
||||
(Fabricius, 1775)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, collected in Timor Leste.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C321A092A05FF838FF770B233EE3D4A1" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" type="key">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B84F319A05FF838FF770B2339FFD218" blockId="15.[151,641,818,844]" box="[151,641,818,844]" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05FF838FF770B2339FFD218" bold="true" box="[151,641,818,844]" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
Key to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05FF838FF110B233AD0D218" box="[241,430,818,844]" class="Insecta" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" phylum="Arthropoda">Chrysomelinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species of Timor
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<keyStep id="30CFEBBCA05FF838FF770B663EE2D2B0" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B84F319A05FF838FF770B663EE2D2FE" blockId="15.[151,1437,887,1525]" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30CA502CA05FF838FF770B663EE2D2FE" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
1. Procoxal cavities externally closed; elytra strongly patterned with permanent colours, with pale spots or blotches against a dark background (at least anterior half of epipleuron visible laterally; feeding on
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05FF838FC5A0B853F4BD2FE" ID-CoL="HST" box="[954,1077,916,938]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Verbenaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Verbenaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
)............................ 2
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B84F319A05FF838FF770BA33EE2D2B0" blockId="15.[151,1437,887,1525]" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30CA502CA05FF838FF770BA33EE2D2B0" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
- Procoxal cavities externally wide open; dead insect without strongly patterned elytra (feeding on
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05FF838FB680BA33F8DD293" ID-CoL="4F2P" box="[1160,1267,946,967]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05FF838FB680BA33F8DD293" box="[1160,1267,946,967]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">Eucalyptus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
or
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05FF838FAF20BA33EF2D29C" ID-CoL="FY3" box="[1298,1420,946,968]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Sapindaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) ................................................................................................... 3
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
<keyStep id="30CFEBBCA05FF838FF770BFC3EE2D50D" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B84F319A05FF838FF770BFC3EE3D54B" blockId="15.[151,1437,887,1525]" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30CA502CA05FF838FF770BFC3EE3D54B" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
2(1) Elytra dark brown with creamy-yellow spots (about 8 on each); appendages brown; apical half of epipleura concealed laterally; on
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05FF838FEE00C1B3A4ED54B" ID-CoL="8W4MP" box="[256,304,1034,1055]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Vitex" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05FF838FEE00C1B3A4ED54B" box="[256,304,1034,1055]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">Vitex</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
...........................................................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05FF838FB560C1B3EE3D54B" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[1206,1437,1034,1055]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Phola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="octodecimguttata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05FF838FB560C1B3EE3D54B" box="[1206,1437,1034,1055]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">Phola octodecimguttata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B84F319A05FF838FF770C393EE2D50D" blockId="15.[151,1437,887,1525]" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30CA502CA05FF838FF770C393EE2D50D" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
- Elytra dark metallic blue with transverse orange blotches; appendages metallic bluish-black; epipleura entirely visible laterally; on
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05FF838FEE00C553AF5D50D" ID-CoL="8VWBC" box="[256,395,1092,1113]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Clerodendrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05FF838FEE00C553AF5D50D" box="[256,395,1092,1113]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">Clerodendrum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
....................................................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05FF838FB260C553EE2D50D" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1763" box="[1222,1436,1092,1113]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Phyllocharis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undulata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05FF838FB260C553EE2D50D" box="[1222,1436,1092,1113]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">Phyllocharis undulata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
<keyStep id="30CFEBBCA05FF838FF770C733EE2D59B" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B84F319A05FF838FF770C733EE2D5C0" blockId="15.[151,1437,887,1525]" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30CA502CA05FF838FF770C733EE2D5C0" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
3(1) Epipleura wholly hidden in lateral view; body shape ovate, strongly convex in lateral view; clypeus not laterally ridged (host
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05FF838FF020C6E3A33D5C0" ID-CoL="4F2P" box="[226,333,1151,1172]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05FF838FF020C6E3A33D5C0" box="[226,333,1151,1172]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">Eucalyptus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).......................................................................................... 4
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B84F319A05FF838FF770C8C3EE2D59B" blockId="15.[151,1437,887,1525]" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30CA502CA05FF838FF770C8C3EE2D59B" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
- Epipleura wholly visible in lateral view; body partly parallel-sided, almost flat in lateral view; clypeus laterally ridged (host probably
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05FF838FEDD0CAB3AF6D59B" ID-CoL="34TL" box="[317,392,1210,1231]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Atalaya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05FF838FEDD0CAB3AF6D59B" box="[317,392,1210,1231]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">Atalaya</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).......................................................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05FF838FB040CAB3EE2D59B" baseAuthorityName="Jacoby" baseAuthorityYear="1884" box="[1252,1436,1210,1231]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Platymela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unicolor">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05FF838FB040CAB3EE2D59B" box="[1252,1436,1210,1231]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">Platymela unicolor</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
<keyStep id="30CFEBBCA05FF838FF770CC63EE2D45E" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B84F319A05FF838FF770CC63EE2D5B9" blockId="15.[151,1437,887,1525]" box="[151,1436,1239,1261]" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30CA502CA05FF838FF770CC63EE2D5B9" box="[151,1436,1239,1261]" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
4(3) Larger, length>
|
||||
<quantity id="4CC35EFCA05FF838FE9D0CC63AC8D5B9" box="[381,438,1239,1261]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
|
||||
; elytra partly dark brown, not striate.................................................... 5
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B84F319A05FF838FF770CE43EE2D45E" blockId="15.[151,1437,887,1525]" box="[151,1436,1268,1290]" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30CA502CA05FF838FF770CE43EE2D45E" box="[151,1436,1268,1290]" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
- Smaller, length <
|
||||
<quantity id="4CC35EFCA05FF838FE670CE43ABFD45E" box="[391,449,1269,1290]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
|
||||
; elytra pale brown, striate............................................................ 6
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
<keyStep id="30CFEBBCA05FF838FF770D033EE2D4D4" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B84F319A05FF838FF770D033EE2D411" blockId="15.[151,1437,887,1525]" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30CA502CA05FF838FF770D033EE2D411" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
5(4) Larger, length about
|
||||
<quantity id="4CC35EFCA05FF838FE490D033A91D473" box="[425,495,1298,1319]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
|
||||
; body strongly rounded at sides and convex in profile, height at least half length; elytral punctures irregularly linked by small grooves (acervate); prosternum with pair of lateral flanges at base of process....
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05FF838FB1C0D213EE2D411" box="[1276,1436,1327,1349]" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05FF838FB1C0D213E2ED411" box="[1276,1360,1328,1349]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">Paropsis</emphasis>
|
||||
species
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B84F319A05FF838FF770D5C3EE2D4D4" blockId="15.[151,1437,887,1525]" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30CA502CA05FF838FF770D5C3EE2D4D4" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
- Smaller, length about
|
||||
<quantity id="4CC35EFCA05FF838FE530D5C3A87D436" box="[435,505,1357,1378]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
|
||||
; basal half of elytra almost parallel-sided, profile flatter, height much less than half length; elytral interspaces smooth; prosternum without flanges................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05FF838FBCE0D7B3E5DD42B" authorityName="Reid" authorityYear="2024" box="[1070,1315,1386,1407]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tatamailau" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05FF838FBCE0D7B3E5DD42B" box="[1070,1315,1386,1407]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">Paropsisterna tatamailau</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27C9270A05FF838FAC90D7B3EE2D4D4" box="[1321,1436,1386,1408]" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
<keyStep id="30CFEBBCA05FF838FF770D963EE3D4A1" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B84F319A05FF838FF770D963EE2D4EE" blockId="15.[151,1437,887,1525]" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30CA502CA05FF838FF770D963EE2D4EE" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
6(4) Elytral striae strongly punctured, 1 & 2 irregular, not entirely linear; base of stria 5 obliquely grooved; mesoventrite process narrow..............................................................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05FF838FB2A0DB43EE2D4EE" box="[1226,1436,1444,1466]" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05FF838FB2A0DB43E2FD4EE" box="[1226,1361,1445,1466]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">Paropsisterna</emphasis>
|
||||
species
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B84F319A05FF838FF770DD33EE3D4A1" blockId="15.[151,1437,887,1525]" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30CA502CA05FF838FF770DD33EE3D4A1" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
- Elytral striae weakly punctured, 1 & 2 regular, linear; base of stria 5 not grooved; mesoventrite process broad..................................................................................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05FF838FB0C0DF13EE3D4A1" authorityName="Reid" authorityYear="2024" box="[1260,1437,1504,1525]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tais">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05FF838FB0C0DF13EE3D4A1" box="[1260,1437,1504,1525]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">Paropsisterna tais</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,164 +0,0 @@
|
|||
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<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05EF839FF770D363962D415" bold="true" box="[151,540,1319,1345]" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">
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Other
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<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05EF839FF090D363AD8D415" baseAuthorityName="Reid" baseAuthorityYear="2006" box="[233,422,1319,1345]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="14" pageNumber="501" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Chrysomelinae">Chrysomelinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in Timor
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="C321A092A05EF839FF770D5A3E2FD609" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" type="description">
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<paragraph id="8B84F319A05EF839FF770D5A3B84D431" blockId="14.[151,540,1319,1381]" box="[151,250,1355,1381]" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">
|
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(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1300EF9CA05EF839FF7F0D5A3B8FD431" box="[159,241,1355,1381]" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="15.[151,250,725,749]" captionTargetBox="[633,954,196,689]" captionTargetId="figure-15@15.[622,966,181,701]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 31. Phola octodecimguttata (Fabricius, 1775), collected in Timor Leste." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13949839" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13949839/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B84F319A05EF839FF770D823E77D4A1" blockId="14.[151,1437,1427,1886]" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05EF839FF770D823957D4F9" authority="(Jacoby, 1884)" baseAuthorityName="Jacoby" baseAuthorityYear="1884" box="[151,553,1427,1453]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Platymela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unicolor">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05EF839FF770D823A0AD4F9" box="[151,372,1427,1453]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">Platymela unicolor</emphasis>
|
||||
(Jacoby, 1884)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is endemic to Timor, but it was not found during the Australian Museum expedition. The host of two similar northern Australian species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05EF839FC950DA63899D485" authorityName="Baly" authorityYear="1856" box="[885,999,1463,1489]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Platymela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05EF839FC950DA63899D485" box="[885,999,1463,1489]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">Platymela</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is the small tree
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05EF839FB400DA63F89D485" ID-CoL="34TL" box="[1184,1271,1463,1489]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Atalaya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05EF839FB400DA63F89D485" box="[1184,1271,1463,1489]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">Atalaya</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05EF839FAE50DA63EEBD485" ID-CoL="FY3" box="[1285,1429,1463,1489]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Sapindaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA8EE8A05EF839FF7F0DCA3A66D4A1" author="Reid, C. A. M." box="[159,280,1499,1525]" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" pagination="1 - 119" refId="ref10459" refString="Reid, C. A. M. (2006) A taxonomic revision of the Australian Chrysomelinae, with a key to the genera (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae). Zootaxa, 1292 (1), 1 - 119. https: // doi. org / 10.11646 / zootaxa. 1292.1.1" type="journal article" year="2006">Reid 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), which occurs in Timor (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA8EE8A05EF839FDD70DCA39BBD4A1" author="Cowie, I." box="[567,709,1499,1525]" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" refId="ref9514" refString="Cowie, I. (2006) A survey of flora and vegetation of the proposed Jaco-Tutuala-Lore National Park, Timor-Leste (East Timor). Report to Birdlife International from Northern Teritory Herbarium. Version 1.0. Palmerston, Northern Territory, 63 pp." type="book" year="2006">Cowie 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), but was not sampled during the AMS expeditions.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B84F319A05EF839FF270DEE39CAD7D1" blockId="14.[151,1437,1427,1886]" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05EF839FF270DEE39E9D74D" authority="(Linnaeus, 1763)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1763" box="[199,663,1535,1561]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Phyllocharis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undulata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05EF839FF270DEE3AB9D74D" box="[199,455,1535,1561]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">Phyllocharis undulata</emphasis>
|
||||
(Linnaeus, 1763)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was recorded from Timor by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA8EE8A05EF839FBE50DEE3F80D74D" author="Mohamedsaid, M. S." box="[1029,1278,1535,1561]" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" refId="ref10011" refString="Mohamedsaid, M. S. (2009) Chrysomelidae of the Lesser Sunda Islands: Wallace's Line and the crossing of worlds. In: Jolivet, P., Santiago-Blay, J. & Schmitt, M. (Eds.), Research on Chrysomelidae. Vol. 2. Brill, Leiden, pp. 57 - 104. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / ej. 9789004169470.1 - 299.21" type="book" year="2009">Mohamedsaid (2009)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. This species was not collected on the Australian Museum expedition, probably because its host was not sampled. The host of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05EF839FF770E563AEAD735" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1763" box="[151,404,1607,1633]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Phyllocharis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undulata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05EF839FF770E563AEAD735" box="[151,404,1607,1633]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">Phyllocharis undulata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49FF3DFBA05EF839FE5D0E563964D735" box="[445,538,1607,1633]" country="Indonesia" name="Sumatera Utara" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">Sumatra</collectingRegion>
|
||||
is the coastal shrub
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05EF839FCED0E563F79D735" ID-CoL="W3V5" box="[781,1031,1607,1633]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Clerodendrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="inerme">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05EF839FCED0E563F79D735" box="[781,1031,1607,1633]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">Clerodendrum inerme</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05EF839FBF80E563FD7D735" ID-CoL="HST" box="[1048,1193,1607,1633]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Verbenaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Verbenaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) (C. Reid,
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05EF839FACD0E593EEBD735" box="[1325,1429,1607,1633]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">pers. obs</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2010), which is present on Timor (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA8EE8A05EF839FDFA0E7A39D6D7D1" author="Cowie, I." box="[538,680,1643,1669]" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" refId="ref9514" refString="Cowie, I. (2006) A survey of flora and vegetation of the proposed Jaco-Tutuala-Lore National Park, Timor-Leste (East Timor). Report to Birdlife International from Northern Teritory Herbarium. Version 1.0. Palmerston, Northern Territory, 63 pp." type="book" year="2006">Cowie 2006</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B84F319A05EF839FF270E9E3E2FD609" blockId="14.[151,1437,1427,1886]" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05EF839FF270E9E39D4D7FE" authority="(Fabricius, 1775)" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[199,682,1679,1706]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Phola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="octodecimguttata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05EF839FF270E9E3AA9D7FD" box="[199,471,1679,1705]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">Phola octodecimguttata</emphasis>
|
||||
(Fabricius, 1775)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, not previously known from Timor (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA8EE8A05EF839FBBB0E9E3E3FD7FD" author="Mohamedsaid, M. S." box="[1115,1345,1679,1705]" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" refId="ref10011" refString="Mohamedsaid, M. S. (2009) Chrysomelidae of the Lesser Sunda Islands: Wallace's Line and the crossing of worlds. In: Jolivet, P., Santiago-Blay, J. & Schmitt, M. (Eds.), Research on Chrysomelidae. Vol. 2. Brill, Leiden, pp. 57 - 104. https: // doi. org / 10.1163 / ej. 9789004169470.1 - 299.21" type="book" year="2009">Mohamedsaid 2009</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA8EE8A05EF839FAB10E813A5AD799" author="Lee, C. - F. & Geiser, M. F." pageId="14" pageNumber="515" pagination="197 - 218" refId="ref9853" refString="Lee, C. - F. & Geiser, M. F. (2023) Taxonomic review of the genus Phola Weise, 1890 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Chrysomelinae). Journal of Taiwan Agricultural Science, 72 (3), 197 - 218." type="journal article" year="2023">Lee & Geiser 2023</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), was collected by the Australian Museum expedition on a coastal shrub,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05EF839FBBE0EA53F90D799" box="[1118,1262,1715,1741]" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05EF839FBBE0EA53FEBD799" box="[1118,1173,1716,1741]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">Vitex</emphasis>
|
||||
species
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05EF839FB1D0EA23EEFD799" ID-CoL="HST" box="[1277,1425,1715,1741]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Verbenaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Verbenaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
), probably
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05EF839FEE10EC93A14D7A5" ID-CoL="5BLDY" box="[257,362,1751,1777]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Vitex" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="trifolia">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05EF839FEE10EC93A14D7A5" box="[257,362,1751,1777]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">V. trifolia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
based on its distribution and habitat (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA8EE8A05EF839FCE90EC638E1D7A5" author="de Kok, R. P. J." box="[777,927,1751,1777]" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" pagination="587 - 603" refId="ref9560" refString="de Kok, R. P. J. (2007) The genus Vitex L. (Lamiaceae) in New Guinea and the South Pacific Islands. Kew Bulletin, 62, 587 - 603." type="journal article" year="2007">de Kok 2007</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05EF839FC500EC63FC2D7A5" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[944,1212,1751,1777]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Phola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="octodecimguttata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05EF839FC500EC63FC2D7A5" box="[944,1212,1751,1777]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">Phola octodecimguttata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is known to feed on coastal
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05EF839FF0C0EED3A5DD641" ID-CoL="8W4MP" box="[236,291,1788,1813]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Vitex" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05EF839FF0C0EED3A5DD641" box="[236,291,1788,1813]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">Vitex</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and is widespread from eastern
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F32CB389A05EF839FD700EEA3983D641" box="[656,765,1787,1813]" name="Indonesia" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">Indonesia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
to
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F32CB389A05EF839FCC20EED38ACD641" box="[802,978,1787,1814]" name="New Caledonia" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">New Caledonia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, including coastal
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F32CB389A05EF839FB430EEA3E74D641" box="[1187,1290,1787,1813]" name="Australia" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA8EE8A05EF839FAF80EEA3EE9D642" author="Chen, S. H." box="[1304,1431,1787,1814]" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" pagination="465 - 475" refId="ref9382" refString="Chen, S. H. (1985) Phylogeny and classification of the Chrysomeloidea. Entomography, 3, 465 - 475." type="journal article" year="1985">Chen 1985</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
; Reid & Smith 2009;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA8EE8A05EF839FE670F313919D66D" author="Lee, C. - F. & Geiser, M. F." box="[391,615,1823,1850]" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" pagination="197 - 218" refId="ref9853" refString="Lee, C. - F. & Geiser, M. F. (2023) Taxonomic review of the genus Phola Weise, 1890 (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae: Chrysomelinae). Journal of Taiwan Agricultural Science, 72 (3), 197 - 218." type="journal article" year="2023">Lee & Geiser 2023</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Material examined (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="1300EF9CA05EF839FC800F0E38C9D66D" box="[864,951,1823,1849]" captionStart="FIGURE 31" captionStartId="15.[151,250,725,749]" captionTargetBox="[633,954,196,689]" captionTargetId="figure-15@15.[622,966,181,701]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 31. Phola octodecimguttata (Fabricius, 1775), collected in Timor Leste." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.13949839" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/13949839/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">Fig. 31</figureCitation>
|
||||
):
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D3D3890A05EF839FC2C0F0E3894D66D" box="[972,1002,1823,1849]" count="1" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" type="female">1♀</specimenCount>
|
||||
/ Timor Leste, Lautem/Baucau border
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0F95DEA05EF839FF770F523A73D60A" box="[151,269,1859,1886]" degrees="8" direction="south" minutes="25.596" orientation="latitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" precision="1" value="-8.4266">8°25.596S</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE0F95DEA05EF839FEF40F523AD6D609" box="[276,424,1859,1885]" degrees="126" direction="east" minutes="41.617" orientation="longitude" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" precision="1" value="126.69362">126°41.617E</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
acacia/herbs shingle beach
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05EF839FD000F553869D609" ID-CoL="8W4MP" box="[736,791,1860,1885]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Vitex" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05EF839FD000F553869D609" box="[736,791,1860,1885]" italics="true" pageId="14" pageNumber="515">Vitex</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<quantity id="4CC35EFCA05EF839FCFE0F523820D609" box="[798,862,1859,1885]" metricMagnitude="0" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="1.0" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" unit="m" value="1.5" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="1.0">1–2m</quantity>
|
||||
<date id="FF85D5D9A05EF839FC850F5238A2D609" box="[869,988,1859,1885]" pageId="14" pageNumber="515" value="2011-11-10">10.xi.2011</date>
|
||||
C Reid site 8/ K414869/ (AMS).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
|
|
@ -1,186 +0,0 @@
|
|||
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<mods:identifier id="2E0765DF0EB71C3F79F59496F1EB8976" type="Zenodo-Dep">13949809</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="CB1A08AB943BE975784389850BC56733" type="ZooBank">710BF1DD-0C2C-426A-B6BE-A0BB54BFEB06</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="0392420FA05FF838FF770B233EE3D4A1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:0392420FA05FF838FF770B233EE3D4A1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/0392420FA05FF838FF770B233EE3D4A1" lastPageNumber="516" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
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<subSubSection id="C321A092A05FF838FF770B2339FFD218" box="[151,641,818,844]" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8B84F319A05FF838FF770B2339FFD218" blockId="15.[151,641,818,844]" box="[151,641,818,844]" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
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||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05FF838FF770B2339FFD218" bold="true" box="[151,641,818,844]" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
Key to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05FF838FF110B233AD0D218" baseAuthorityName="Reid" baseAuthorityYear="2006" box="[241,430,818,844]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Malvaceae" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Plantae" order="Malvales" pageId="15" pageNumber="501" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Chrysomelinae">Chrysomelinae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species of Timor
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="C321A092A05FF838FF770B663EE3D4A1" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" type="key">
|
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<keyStep id="30CFEBBCA05FF838FF770B663EE2D2B0" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
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<paragraph id="8B84F319A05FF838FF770B663EE2D2FE" blockId="15.[151,1437,887,1525]" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30CA502CA05FF838FF770B663EE2D2FE" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
1. Procoxal cavities externally closed; elytra strongly patterned with permanent colours, with pale spots or blotches against a dark background (at least anterior half of epipleuron visible laterally; feeding on
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05FF838FC5A0B853F4BD2FE" ID-CoL="HST" box="[954,1077,916,938]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Verbenaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Verbenaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
)............................ 2
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B84F319A05FF838FF770BA33EE2D2B0" blockId="15.[151,1437,887,1525]" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30CA502CA05FF838FF770BA33EE2D2B0" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
- Procoxal cavities externally wide open; dead insect without strongly patterned elytra (feeding on
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05FF838FB680BA33F8DD293" ID-CoL="4F2P" box="[1160,1267,946,967]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05FF838FB680BA33F8DD293" box="[1160,1267,946,967]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">Eucalyptus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
or
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05FF838FAF20BA33EF2D29C" ID-CoL="FY3" box="[1298,1420,946,968]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="family">Sapindaceae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
) ................................................................................................... 3
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
<keyStep id="30CFEBBCA05FF838FF770BFC3EE2D50D" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B84F319A05FF838FF770BFC3EE3D54B" blockId="15.[151,1437,887,1525]" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30CA502CA05FF838FF770BFC3EE3D54B" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
2(1) Elytra dark brown with creamy-yellow spots (about 8 on each); appendages brown; apical half of epipleura concealed laterally; on
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05FF838FEE00C1B3A4ED54B" ID-CoL="8W4MP" box="[256,304,1034,1055]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Vitex" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05FF838FEE00C1B3A4ED54B" box="[256,304,1034,1055]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">Vitex</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
...........................................................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05FF838FB560C1B3EE3D54B" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1775" box="[1206,1437,1034,1055]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Phola" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="octodecimguttata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05FF838FB560C1B3EE3D54B" box="[1206,1437,1034,1055]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">Phola octodecimguttata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B84F319A05FF838FF770C393EE2D50D" blockId="15.[151,1437,887,1525]" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30CA502CA05FF838FF770C393EE2D50D" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
- Elytra dark metallic blue with transverse orange blotches; appendages metallic bluish-black; epipleura entirely visible laterally; on
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05FF838FEE00C553AF5D50D" ID-CoL="8VWBC" box="[256,395,1092,1113]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lamiaceae" genus="Clerodendrum" kingdom="Plantae" order="Lamiales" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05FF838FEE00C553AF5D50D" box="[256,395,1092,1113]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">Clerodendrum</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
....................................................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05FF838FB260C553EE2D50D" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1763" box="[1222,1436,1092,1113]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Campanulaceae" genus="Phyllocharis" kingdom="Plantae" order="Asterales" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="undulata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05FF838FB260C553EE2D50D" box="[1222,1436,1092,1113]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">Phyllocharis undulata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
<keyStep id="30CFEBBCA05FF838FF770C733EE2D59B" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B84F319A05FF838FF770C733EE2D5C0" blockId="15.[151,1437,887,1525]" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30CA502CA05FF838FF770C733EE2D5C0" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
3(1) Epipleura wholly hidden in lateral view; body shape ovate, strongly convex in lateral view; clypeus not laterally ridged (host
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05FF838FF020C6E3A33D5C0" ID-CoL="4F2P" box="[226,333,1151,1172]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Myrtaceae" genus="Eucalyptus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Myrtales" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05FF838FF020C6E3A33D5C0" box="[226,333,1151,1172]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">Eucalyptus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).......................................................................................... 4
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B84F319A05FF838FF770C8C3EE2D59B" blockId="15.[151,1437,887,1525]" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30CA502CA05FF838FF770C8C3EE2D59B" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
- Epipleura wholly visible in lateral view; body partly parallel-sided, almost flat in lateral view; clypeus laterally ridged (host probably
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05FF838FEDD0CAB3AF6D59B" ID-CoL="34TL" box="[317,392,1210,1231]" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Sapindaceae" genus="Atalaya" kingdom="Plantae" order="Sapindales" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05FF838FEDD0CAB3AF6D59B" box="[317,392,1210,1231]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">Atalaya</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).......................................................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05FF838FB040CAB3EE2D59B" baseAuthorityName="Jacoby" baseAuthorityYear="1884" box="[1252,1436,1210,1231]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Platymela" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="unicolor">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05FF838FB040CAB3EE2D59B" box="[1252,1436,1210,1231]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">Platymela unicolor</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
<keyStep id="30CFEBBCA05FF838FF770CC63EE2D45E" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B84F319A05FF838FF770CC63EE2D5B9" blockId="15.[151,1437,887,1525]" box="[151,1436,1239,1261]" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30CA502CA05FF838FF770CC63EE2D5B9" box="[151,1436,1239,1261]" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
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4(3) Larger, length>
|
||||
<quantity id="4CC35EFCA05FF838FE9D0CC63AC8D5B9" box="[381,438,1239,1261]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" unit="mm" value="8.0">8 mm</quantity>
|
||||
; elytra partly dark brown, not striate.................................................... 5
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B84F319A05FF838FF770CE43EE2D45E" blockId="15.[151,1437,887,1525]" box="[151,1436,1268,1290]" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
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<keyLead id="30CA502CA05FF838FF770CE43EE2D45E" box="[151,1436,1268,1290]" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
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- Smaller, length <
|
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<quantity id="4CC35EFCA05FF838FE670CE43ABFD45E" box="[391,449,1269,1290]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" unit="mm" value="7.0">7 mm</quantity>
|
||||
; elytra pale brown, striate............................................................ 6
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
<keyStep id="30CFEBBCA05FF838FF770D033EE2D4D4" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B84F319A05FF838FF770D033EE2D411" blockId="15.[151,1437,887,1525]" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30CA502CA05FF838FF770D033EE2D411" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
5(4) Larger, length about
|
||||
<quantity id="4CC35EFCA05FF838FE490D033A91D473" box="[425,495,1298,1319]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" unit="mm" value="12.0">12 mm</quantity>
|
||||
; body strongly rounded at sides and convex in profile, height at least half length; elytral punctures irregularly linked by small grooves (acervate); prosternum with pair of lateral flanges at base of process....
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05FF838FB1C0D213EE2D411" box="[1276,1436,1327,1349]" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05FF838FB1C0D213E2ED411" box="[1276,1360,1328,1349]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">Paropsis</emphasis>
|
||||
species
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B84F319A05FF838FF770D5C3EE2D4D4" blockId="15.[151,1437,887,1525]" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30CA502CA05FF838FF770D5C3EE2D4D4" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
- Smaller, length about
|
||||
<quantity id="4CC35EFCA05FF838FE530D5C3A87D436" box="[435,505,1357,1378]" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" unit="mm" value="10.0">10 mm</quantity>
|
||||
; basal half of elytra almost parallel-sided, profile flatter, height much less than half length; elytral interspaces smooth; prosternum without flanges................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05FF838FBCE0D7B3E5DD42B" authorityName="Reid" authorityYear="2024" box="[1070,1315,1386,1407]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tatamailau" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05FF838FBCE0D7B3E5DD42B" box="[1070,1315,1386,1407]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">Paropsisterna tatamailau</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27C9270A05FF838FAC90D7B3EE2D4D4" box="[1321,1436,1386,1408]" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" rank="species">new species</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
<keyStep id="30CFEBBCA05FF838FF770D963EE3D4A1" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B84F319A05FF838FF770D963EE2D4EE" blockId="15.[151,1437,887,1525]" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30CA502CA05FF838FF770D963EE2D4EE" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
6(4) Elytral striae strongly punctured, 1 & 2 irregular, not entirely linear; base of stria 5 obliquely grooved; mesoventrite process narrow..............................................................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05FF838FB2A0DB43EE2D4EE" box="[1226,1436,1444,1466]" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05FF838FB2A0DB43E2FD4EE" box="[1226,1361,1445,1466]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">Paropsisterna</emphasis>
|
||||
species
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B84F319A05FF838FF770DD33EE3D4A1" blockId="15.[151,1437,887,1525]" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30CA502CA05FF838FF770DD33EE3D4A1" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">
|
||||
- Elytral striae weakly punctured, 1 & 2 regular, linear; base of stria 5 not grooved; mesoventrite process broad..................................................................................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B889AA05FF838FB0C0DF13EE3D4A1" authorityName="Reid" authorityYear="2024" box="[1260,1437,1504,1525]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Paropsisterna" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="15" pageNumber="516" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="tais">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94F2F0BA05FF838FB0C0DF13EE3D4A1" box="[1260,1437,1504,1525]" italics="true" pageId="15" pageNumber="516">Paropsisterna tais</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
393
data/03/92/87/039287F7FF86850DFF2C8362FA59FC08.xml
Normal file
393
data/03/92/87/039287F7FF86850DFF2C8362FA59FC08.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,393 @@
|
|||
<document id="2ED44576B43440998C918D3E9A40C0EF" ID-CLB-Dataset="249251" ID-DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.5264.1.8" ID-GBIF-Dataset="1b67f275-82ac-4208-9b20-b1906eafcb41" ID-ISSN="1175-5326" ID-Zenodo-Dep="7836278" ID-ZooBank="49FCE66C-0EEE-46A1-B170-F1DDA1837107" IM.materialsCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.metadata_approvedBy="felipe" IM.taxonomicNames_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatmentCitations_approvedBy="felipe" IM.treatments_approvedBy="felipe" checkinTime="1681726520946" checkinUser="plazi" docAuthor="Anju, K., Thejass, P., Binoy, C. & Kumar, P. Girish" docDate="2023" docId="039287F7FF86850DFF2C8362FA59FC08" docLanguage="en" docName="zootaxa.5264.1.8.pdf" docOrigin="Zootaxa 5264 (1)" docSource="http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5264.1.8" docStyle="DocumentStyle:647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D.9:Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleId="647186512141C8FC8976D5BCC54AEB7D" docStyleName="Zootaxa.2013-.journal_article" docStyleVersion="9" docTitle="Ceropales Latreille 1796, sensu stricto" docType="key" docVersion="5" lastPageNumber="121" masterDocId="FFABFF8FFF87850FFFBB856FFFC5FFAF" masterDocTitle="Taxonomic study on the spider wasp genus Ceropales Latreille, 1796 (Pompilidae: Ceropalinae) with description of two new species from India" masterLastPageNumber="128" masterPageNumber="119" pageNumber="120" updateTime="1699515390247" updateUser="ExternalLinkService" zenodo-license-document="CLOSED">
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<mods:mods id="FE558EC26DB561895584C8C18C943AB2" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
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<mods:titleInfo id="5A9425F79A3015621D96972EA7B80E78">
|
||||
<mods:title id="65A729B21F90BDFAE8782E1EFF645E44">Taxonomic study on the spider wasp genus Ceropales Latreille, 1796 (Pompilidae: Ceropalinae) with description of two new species from India</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
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<mods:name id="A1D6237A13BD42E60423A296BBFAA035" type="personal">
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<mods:role id="D4E49E7A4F469F8185B9761E5E5DDEF3">
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<mods:roleTerm id="48A29A689B845B0A30E1D74845B0E177">Author</mods:roleTerm>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="7DB798682E044D38ECB4172133D51936">Anju, K.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="43EC2114CB4A34F86BA8CA3C79EB4D0C" type="ORCID">0000-0003-3312-7721</mods:nameIdentifier>
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<mods:affiliation id="9180ABF65B46F23C36126966AA37B656">P. G. & Research Department of Zoology, Government College Madappally, Vatakara, Kozhikode, Kerala- 673102, India, Affiliated to University of Calicut. & anjukappu 91 @ gmail. com; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 3312 - 7721</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:nameIdentifier id="6136C218F204A6FAD92B0B262934AD1B" type="email">anjukappu91@gmail.com</mods:nameIdentifier>
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</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="C9DF73108A94878FD6FD0FB2C0772270">Thejass, P.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="75B2472F6584BF828163A26EDAA73C6E">P. G. & Research Department of Zoology, Government College Madappally, Vatakara, Kozhikode, Kerala- 673102, India, Affiliated to University of Calicut.</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:name>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="DC00F316A6A45E374A01AC6D87FD510F">Binoy, C.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="9D1663E4B788D7A3D7488FBD8A221786">Department of Zoology, Sree Narayana Guru College, Chelannur, Kozhikode, Kerala- 673616, India, Affiliated to University of Calicut. binoy _ doz @ uoc. ac. in; https: // orcid. org / 0000 - 0003 - 4309 - 5460</mods:affiliation>
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Subgenus
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<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D62FF86850EFEAC8362FD89F987" ID-CoL="3L7H" ID-ENA="452371" authority="Latreille, 1796" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1796" box="[279,588,1549,1576]" class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" genus="Ceropales" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
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<emphasis id="B94FEAF3FF86850EFEAC8362FE55F987" bold="true" box="[279,400,1549,1576]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Ceropales</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B10FF86850EFE2C8362FD89F987" author="Latreille, P. A." box="[407,588,1549,1576]" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" pagination="1" refId="ref6955" refString="Latreille, P. A. (1796) Precis des caracteres generiques des Insectes, disposes dans un ordre naturel. F. Bourdeaux, Paris et Brive, XIV + 201 + 7 (unnumbered) pp., 1 pl. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 58411" type="journal article" year="1796">Latreille, 1796</bibRefCitation>
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<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27C5788FF86850EFDE88361FD2FF987" box="[595,746,1550,1576]" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" sensu="stricto">sensu stricto</taxonomicNameLabel>
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<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D62FF86850EFF2C833DFE0FF9C5" ID-CoL="3L7H" authority="Latreille, 1796: 123" authorityName="Latreille" authorityPageNumber="123" authorityYear="1796" box="[151,458,1618,1642]" class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" genus="Ceropales" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94FEAF3FF86850EFF2C833DFF39F9C5" box="[151,252,1618,1642]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Ceropales</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B10FF86850EFEB8833DFE0FF9C5" author="Latreille, P. A." box="[259,458,1618,1642]" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" pagination="1" refId="ref6955" refString="Latreille, P. A. (1796) Precis des caracteres generiques des Insectes, disposes dans un ordre naturel. F. Bourdeaux, Paris et Brive, XIV + 201 + 7 (unnumbered) pp., 1 pl. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 58411" type="journal article" year="1796">Latreille, 1796: 123</bibRefCitation>
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.
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<paragraph id="8B8436E1FF86850EFE68833CFA51F9C5" blockId="1.[151,1436,1618,1857]" box="[467,1428,1618,1643]" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">
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<typeStatus id="54808843FF86850EFE68833CFDC1F9C4" box="[467,516,1619,1643]" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Type</typeStatus>
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species:
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<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D62FF86850EFDE4833CFC6EF9C5" authority="Fabricius, 1775" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1775" box="[607,939,1618,1642]" class="Insecta" family="Evaniidae" genus="Evania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculata">
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<emphasis id="B94FEAF3FF86850EFDE4833CFCCDF9C5" box="[607,776,1618,1642]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Evania maculata</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B10FF86850EFCB5833DFC6EF9C5" author="Fabricius, J. C." box="[782,939,1618,1642]" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" refId="ref6814" refString="Fabricius, J. C. (1775) Systema Entomologicae, sistens Insectorum classes, ordines, genera, species, adiectis synonymis, locis, descriptionibus, observasionibus. Kortii, Flensburgi et Lipsiae, 832 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 36510" type="book" year="1775">Fabricius, 1775</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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, by subsequent monotypy of
|
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9A10F0FF86850EFB74833DFA55F9C5" author="Latreille, P. A." box="[1231,1424,1618,1642]" page="437" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" year="1810">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B10FF86850EFB74833DFA55F9C5" author="Latreille, P. A." box="[1231,1424,1618,1642]" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" refId="ref7013" refString="Latreille, P. A. (1810) Considerations generales sur l'ordre naturel des animaux composant les classes des crustaces, des arachnides, et des insectes; avec un tableau methodique de leurs genres, disposes en families. F. Schoell, Paris, 444 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 39620" type="book" year="1810">Latreille 1810: 437</bibRefCitation>
|
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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.
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D62FF86850EFF2C831EFE3FF926" authority="Ashmead, 1902: 137" authorityName="Ashmead" authorityPageNumber="137" authorityYear="1902" box="[151,506,1649,1673]" class="Insecta" genus="Agenioxenus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94FEAF3FF86850EFF2C831EFEDDF927" box="[151,280,1649,1672]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Agenioxenus</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B10FF86850EFE9A831EFE3FF926" author="Ashmead, W. H." box="[289,506,1649,1673]" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" pagination="79 - 88" refId="ref6555" refString="Ashmead, W. H. (1902) Classification of the fossorial, predaceous and parasitic wasps, or the superfamily Vespoidea. The Canadian Entomologist, Ottawa, 34, 79 - 88 + 131 - 137. https: // doi. org / 10.4039 / Ent 34131 - 6" type="journal article" year="1902">Ashmead, 1902: 137</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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.
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|
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<typeStatus id="54808843FF86850EFDBE831EFDF2F926" box="[517,567,1649,1673]" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Type</typeStatus>
|
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species:
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D62FF86850EFD23831EFB96F926" ID-CoL="69NDN" authority="Walsh & Riley, 1869" authorityName="Walsh & Riley" authorityYear="1869" box="[664,1107,1649,1673]" class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" genus="Ceropales" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufiventris">
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<emphasis id="B94FEAF3FF86850EFD23831EFCB7F926" box="[664,882,1649,1673]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Ceropales rufiventris</emphasis>
|
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Walsh & Riley, 1869
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
||||
=
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D62FF86850EFBC9831EFAB2F926" ID-CoL="69NCF" authority="Cresson, 1867" authorityName="Cresson" authorityYear="1867" box="[1138,1399,1649,1673]" class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" genus="Ceropales" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="robinsonii">
|
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<emphasis id="B94FEAF3FF86850EFBC9831EFB1CF926" box="[1138,1241,1649,1673]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">robinsonii</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B10FF86850EFB5A831EFAB2F926" author="Cresson, E. T." box="[1249,1399,1649,1673]" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" pagination="85 - 150" refId="ref6770" refString="Cresson, E. T. (1867) Notes on the Pompilidae of North America, with descriptions of new species. Transactions of American Entomology Society 1, 85 - 150. https: // doi. org / 10.2307 / 25076171" type="journal article" year="1867">Cresson, 1867</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, by original designation. Junior subjective synonym of
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D62FF86850EFD7483FFFC17F908" ID-CoL="3L7H" authority="Latreille, 1796" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1796" box="[719,978,1679,1704]" class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" genus="Ceropales" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94FEAF3FF86850EFD7483FFFCF3F907" box="[719,822,1680,1704]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Ceropales</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B10FF86850EFC8683FFFC17F908" author="Latreille, P. A." box="[829,978,1679,1704]" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" pagination="1" refId="ref6955" refString="Latreille, P. A. (1796) Precis des caracteres generiques des Insectes, disposes dans un ordre naturel. F. Bourdeaux, Paris et Brive, XIV + 201 + 7 (unnumbered) pp., 1 pl. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 58411" type="journal article" year="1796">Latreille, 1796</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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according to
|
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9A10F0FF86850EFBE783FFFADFF908" author="Viereck, H. L." box="[1116,1306,1679,1704]" page="275" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" year="1902">
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B10FF86850EFBE783FFFADFF908" author="Viereck, H. L." box="[1116,1306,1679,1704]" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" pagination="275 - 276" refId="ref7549" refString="Viereck, H. L. (1902) A new Ceropales (Hymenoptera). Entomology News, 13, 275 - 276." type="journal article" year="1902">Viereck 1902: 275</bibRefCitation>
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B8436E1FF86850EFF2C83C1FC3CF969" blockId="1.[151,1436,1618,1857]" box="[151,1017,1710,1734]" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2B11CFFF86850EFF2C83C1FC3CF969" box="[151,1017,1710,1734]" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9A10F0FF86850EFF2C83C1FE11F969" author="Schulz, W. A." box="[151,468,1710,1734]" page="174" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" year="1906">
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<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D62FF86850EFF2C83C1FE11F969" ID-CoL="62JWR" authority="Schulz, 1906: 174" authorityName="Schulz" authorityPageNumber="174" authorityYear="1906" box="[151,468,1710,1734]" class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" genus="Ceratopales" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94FEAF3FF86850EFF2C83C1FED6F969" box="[151,275,1710,1734]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Ceratopales</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B10FF86850EFEA283C1FE11F969" author="Schulz, W. A." box="[281,468,1710,1734]" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" refId="ref7471" refString="Schulz, W. A. (1906) Spolia Hymenopterologica. Albert Pape, Paderborn, 356 pp., 1 pl. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 59757" type="book" year="1906">Schulz, 1906: 174</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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</treatmentCitation>
|
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. Subsequent misspelling of
|
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<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D62FF86850EFD5483C1FC30F969" ID-CoL="3L7H" authority="Latreille, 1796" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1796" box="[751,1013,1710,1734]" class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" genus="Ceropales" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
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<emphasis id="B94FEAF3FF86850EFD5483C1FC93F969" box="[751,854,1710,1734]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Ceropales</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B10FF86850EFCE683C1FC30F969" author="Latreille, P. A." box="[861,1013,1710,1734]" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" pagination="1" refId="ref6955" refString="Latreille, P. A. (1796) Precis des caracteres generiques des Insectes, disposes dans un ordre naturel. F. Bourdeaux, Paris et Brive, XIV + 201 + 7 (unnumbered) pp., 1 pl. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 58411" type="journal article" year="1796">Latreille, 1796</bibRefCitation>
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</taxonomicName>
|
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.
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</paragraph>
|
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<paragraph id="8B8436E1FF86850EFF2C83A1FC20F8AB" blockId="1.[151,1436,1618,1857]" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB2B11CFFF86850EFF2C83A1FDBBF94A" box="[151,638,1741,1765]" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">
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<treatmentCitation id="0A9A10F0FF86850EFF2C83A1FD82F94A" author="Morice, F. D. & Durant, J. H." box="[151,583,1741,1765]" page="403" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" year="1915">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D62FF86850EFF2C83A1FD82F94A" ID-CoL="52ZY" authority="Morice & Durant, 1915: 403" authorityName="Morice & Durant" authorityPageNumber="403" authorityYear="1915" box="[151,583,1741,1765]" class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" genus="Hypsiceraeus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94FEAF3FF86850EFF2C83A1FEE4F94A" box="[151,289,1742,1765]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Hypsiceraeus</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B10FF86850EFE9C83A2FD82F94A" author="Morice, F. D. & Durant, J. H." box="[295,583,1741,1765]" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" pagination="339 - 436" refId="ref7251" refString="Morice, F. D. & Durant, J. H. (1915) The authorship and first publication of the " Jurinean " genera of Hymenoptera: being a reprint of a long-lost work by Panzer, with a translation into English, an introduction, and bibliographical and critical notes. Transactions of the Entomological Society of London, 1914, 339 - 436. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / j. 1365 - 2311.1915. tb 02984. x" type="journal article" year="1915">Morice & Durant, 1915: 403</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
, 405.
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54808843FF86850EFD3883A2FD70F94A" box="[643,693,1741,1765]" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Type</typeStatus>
|
||||
species:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D62FF86850EFCAB83A1FBA5F94A" authority="Fabricius, 1775" authorityName="Fabricius" authorityYear="1775" box="[784,1120,1741,1765]" class="Insecta" family="Evaniidae" genus="Evania" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="maculata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94FEAF3FF86850EFCAB83A1FC7EF94A" box="[784,955,1741,1765]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Evania maculata</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B10FF86850EFC7A83A2FBA5F94A" author="Fabricius, J. C." box="[961,1120,1741,1765]" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" refId="ref6814" refString="Fabricius, J. C. (1775) Systema Entomologicae, sistens Insectorum classes, ordines, genera, species, adiectis synonymis, locis, descriptionibus, observasionibus. Kortii, Flensburgi et Lipsiae, 832 pp. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 36510" type="book" year="1775">Fabricius, 1775</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, by original designation. Junior subjective synonym of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D62FF86850EFE088383FD73F8AC" ID-CoL="3L7H" authority="Latreille, 1796" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1796" box="[435,694,1771,1796]" class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" genus="Ceropales" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94FEAF3FF86850EFE088383FDDFF8AB" box="[435,538,1772,1796]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Ceropales</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B10FF86850EFD9B8383FD73F8AC" author="Latreille, P. A." box="[544,694,1771,1796]" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" pagination="1" refId="ref6955" refString="Latreille, P. A. (1796) Precis des caracteres generiques des Insectes, disposes dans un ordre naturel. F. Bourdeaux, Paris et Brive, XIV + 201 + 7 (unnumbered) pp., 1 pl. https: // doi. org / 10.5962 / bhl. title. 58411" type="journal article" year="1796">Latreille, 1796</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
according to
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0A9A10F0FF86850EFCFB8383FC24F8AB" author="Wahis, R." box="[832,993,1771,1796]" page="34" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" year="1986">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B10FF86850EFCFB8383FC24F8AB" author="Wahis, R." box="[832,993,1771,1796]" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" pagination="1 - 91" refId="ref7574" refString="Wahis, R. (1986) Catalogue systematique et codage des Hymenopteres Pompilides de la r egion Ouest-Europeenne. Notes fauna Gembloux, 12, 1 - 91." type="journal article" year="1986">Wahis 1986: 34</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B8436E1FF86850EFF2C8265FBD7F8EE" blockId="1.[151,1436,1618,1857]" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94FEAF3FF86850EFF2C8265FEF3F88D" box="[151,310,1802,1826]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Bifidoceropales</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B10FF86850EFE858265FE12F88D" author="Wolf, H." box="[318,471,1802,1826]" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" pagination="1 - 38" refId="ref7887" refString="Wolf, H. (1965) Systematisches Verzeichnis der Wegwespen (Hym. Pompiloidea) Mittel- und Nordeuropas. Nachrichten des Naturwissenschaftlichen Museums der Stadt Aschaffenburg, 72, 1 - 38." type="journal article" year="1965">Wolf, 1965: 72</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
(as subgenus of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D62FF86850EFD3F8265FD2EF88D" ID-CoL="3L7H" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1796" box="[644,747,1802,1826]" class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" genus="Ceropales" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94FEAF3FF86850EFD3F8265FD2EF88D" box="[644,747,1802,1826]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Ceropales</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54808843FF86850EFCBA8264FCF6F88C" box="[769,819,1803,1827]" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Type</typeStatus>
|
||||
species:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D62FF86850EFC2A8265FA5DF88D" ID-CoL="5XNBZ" authority="Kohl, 1880" authorityName="Kohl" authorityYear="1880" box="[913,1432,1802,1826]" class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" genus="Ceropales" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="pygmaeus" subGenus="Bifidoceropales">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94FEAF3FF86850EFC2A8265FC3DF88D" box="[913,1016,1802,1826]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Ceropales</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94FEAF3FF86850EFBB38265FB62F88D" box="[1032,1191,1802,1826]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Bifidoceropales</emphasis>
|
||||
)
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94FEAF3FF86850EFB0C8264FAD9F88D" box="[1207,1308,1803,1826]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">pygmaeus</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B10FF86850EFA988265FA5DF88D" author="Kohl, F. F." box="[1315,1432,1802,1826]" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" pagination="395 - 404" refId="ref6929" refString="Kohl, F. F. (1880) Neue tirolische Grabwespen. Verhandlungen der Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien, 29, 395 - 404." type="journal article" year="1880">Kohl, 1880</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, by original designation. Synonymy with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D62FF86850EFDDE8246FD09F8EE" ID-CoL="3L7H" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1796" box="[613,716,1833,1857]" class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" genus="Ceropales" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus" sensu="stricto">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94FEAF3FF86850EFDDE8246FD09F8EE" box="[613,716,1833,1857]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Ceropales</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27C5788FF86850EFD698246FCCDF8EF" box="[722,776,1833,1856]" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" sensu="stricto">s. str.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B10FF86850EFC968246FBCBF8EE" author="Waichert, C. & Rodriguez, J. & Lelej, A. S. & von Dohlen, C. D. & Pitts, J. P." box="[813,1038,1833,1857]" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" pagination="365 - 380" refId="ref7780" refString="Waichert, C., Rodriguez, J., Lelej, A. S., von Dohlen, C. D. & Pitts, J. P. (2022) Revealing diagnostic characters through morphological evolution in cleptoparasitic spider wasps (Hymenoptera, Pompilidae, Ceropales). Zoologica Scripta, 51, 365 - 380. https: // doi. org / 10.1111 / zsc. 12530" type="journal article" year="2022">
|
||||
Waichert
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94FEAF3FF86850EFC358245FC07F8EE" box="[910,962,1833,1857]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
(2022)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C321656AFF86850EFF2C82FCFC76F802" box="[151,947,1939,1966]" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" type="multiple">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B8436E1FF86850EFF2C82FCFC76F802" blockId="1.[151,947,1939,1966]" box="[151,947,1939,1966]" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">
|
||||
<heading id="D0CC818DFF86850EFF2C82FCFC76F802" bold="true" box="[151,947,1939,1966]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" reason="1">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94FEAF3FF86850EFF2C82FCFC76F802" bold="true" box="[151,947,1939,1966]" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">
|
||||
Key to species of the subgenus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D62FF86850EFDA382FCFCE1F802" box="[536,804,1939,1966]" class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" genus="Ceropales" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subGenus" subGenus="Ceropales">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94FEAF3FF86850EFDA382FCFD54F801" bold="true" box="[536,657,1939,1966]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Ceropales</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94FEAF3FF86850EFD1A82FCFCDFF801" bold="true" box="[673,794,1939,1966]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">Ceropales</emphasis>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F32C7671FF86850EFCCB82FCFC76F802" box="[880,947,1939,1965]" name="India" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">India</collectingCountry>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C321656AFF86850DFF2C82B7FA59FC08" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="121" pageId="1" pageNumber="120" type="key">
|
||||
<key id="FFAA61D0FF86850DFF2C82B7FA59FC08" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="121" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">
|
||||
<keyStep id="30CF2E44FF86850DFF2C82B7FA58FF47" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="121" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B8436E1FF86850EFF2C82B7FA59F842" blockId="1.[151,1436,2008,2030]" box="[151,1436,2008,2030]" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30CA95D4FF86850EFF2C82B7FA59F842" box="[151,1436,2008,2030]" pageId="1" pageNumber="120">1. Tarsal claws simple, not bifid apically; body ferruginous or black with yellow-ivory patches......................... 2</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B8436E1FF85850DFF2C85F7FA58FF47" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,936]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30CA95D4FF85850DFF2C85F7FA58FF47" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">
|
||||
– Both claws of fore (
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D3DFD68FF85850DFE1385F7FE7DFF02" box="[424,440,152,173]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||||
) and middle (
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D3DFD68FF85850DFDFD85F7FD92FF02" box="[582,599,152,173]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
|
||||
, J) tarsi bifid, with a long appressed, obliquely truncate subapical tooth; body black; inner claw of fore leg (J) deeply split owing to the unusually large, not truncate inner tooth basally.....................................................................................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D62FF85850DFB7B85BDFA58FF47" ID-CoL="5XNCR" authority="(Haupt, 1934)" baseAuthorityName="Haupt" baseAuthorityYear="1934" box="[1216,1437,210,232]" class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" genus="Ceropales" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="declivis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94FEAF3FF85850DFB7B85BDFA58FF47" bold="true" box="[1216,1437,210,232]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94FEAF3FF85850DFB7B85BDFACCFF47" bold="true" box="[1216,1289,210,232]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">declivis</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B10FF85850DFAAE85BDFA50FF47" author="Haupt, H." box="[1301,1429,210,232]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121" pagination="1 - 21" refId="ref6894" refString="Haupt, H. (1934) Schwedisch-chinesische wissenschaftliche Expedition nach den nordwestlichen Provinzen Chinas, Insekten 24. Hymenoptera. 2. Psammocharidae. Arkiv for Zoologi, 27, 1 - 21." type="journal article" year="1934">Haupt, 1934</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
<keyStep id="30CF2E44FF85850DFF2C859FFA59FE8D" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B8436E1FF85850DFF2C859FFA59FEAB" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,936]" box="[151,1436,239,261]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30CA95D4FF85850DFF2C859FFA59FEAB" box="[151,1436,239,261]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">
|
||||
2. Wings subfuscous or fusco-hyaline.......................................................................
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94FEAF3FF85850DFA2B8580FA59FEAB" bold="true" box="[1424,1436,239,260]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">3</emphasis>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B8436E1FF85850DFF2C8462FA59FE8D" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,936]" box="[151,1436,269,291]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30CA95D4FF85850DFF2C8462FA59FE8D" box="[151,1436,269,291]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">
|
||||
– Wings hyaline.......................................................................................
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94FEAF3FF85850DFA2B8462FA59FE8D" bold="true" box="[1424,1436,269,290]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">5</emphasis>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
<keyStep id="30CF2E44FF85850DFF2C8445FA59FEF3" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B8436E1FF85850DFF2C8445FA59FE90" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,936]" box="[151,1436,298,320]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30CA95D4FF85850DFF2C8445FA59FE90" box="[151,1436,298,320]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">
|
||||
3. Fore wing infuscated in apical third; metasoma black, T1–T3 with white lateral bands.............
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D62FF85850DFB768445FA59FE90" ID-CoL="T2SB" authority="Bingham, 1903" authorityName="Bingham" authorityYear="1903" box="[1229,1436,298,320]" class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" genus="Ceropales" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ligea">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94FEAF3FF85850DFB768445FA59FE90" bold="true" box="[1229,1436,298,320]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94FEAF3FF85850DFB768445FB38FEEF" bold="true" box="[1229,1277,298,320]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">ligea</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B10FF85850DFAB88445FA59FE90" author="Bingham, C. T." box="[1283,1436,298,320]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121" refId="ref6677" refString="Bingham, C. T. (1903) Diagnoses of Aculeate Hymenoptera. Fasciculi Malayenses, Zoology, I, Appendix III - VII." type="book" year="1903">Bingham, 1903</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B8436E1FF85850DFF2C8427FA59FEF3" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,936]" box="[151,1436,327,349]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30CA95D4FF85850DFF2C8427FA59FEF3" box="[151,1436,327,349]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">
|
||||
– Fore wing subfuscous or fusco-hyaline entirely; metasomal segments ferruginous or yellow with ferruginous patches.....
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94FEAF3FF85850DFA2B8428FA59FEF3" bold="true" box="[1424,1436,327,348]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">4</emphasis>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
<keyStep id="30CF2E44FF85850DFF2C840AFA59FE40" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B8436E1FF85850DFF2C840AFA59FE1B" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,936]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30CA95D4FF85850DFF2C840AFA59FE1B" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">
|
||||
4. Metasoma yellow, basal margin of the metasomal segments 1–3 basally ferruginous, fuscous or fusco-ferruginous; mesosoma yellow, mesothorax and base of metathorax black or fuscous; legs yellow, variegated with ferruginous spots..................................................................................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D62FF85850DFB6784CFFA59FE1B" ID-CoL="T2TN" authority="Smith, 1855" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1855" box="[1244,1436,415,437]" class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" genus="Ceropales" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ornata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94FEAF3FF85850DFB6784CFFA59FE1B" bold="true" box="[1244,1436,415,437]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94FEAF3FF85850DFB6784CFFAD8FE1A" bold="true" box="[1244,1309,416,437]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">ornata</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B10FF85850DFA9884F0FA59FE1B" author="Smith, F." box="[1315,1436,415,437]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121" refId="ref7509" refString="Smith, F. (1855) Catalogue of Hymenopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. Part III. Mutillidae and Pompilidae. s. n., London, 206 pp., 5 pls." type="book" year="1855">Smith, 1855</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B8436E1FF85850DFF2C84D2FA59FE40" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,936]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30CA95D4FF85850DFF2C84D2FA59FE40" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">
|
||||
– Metasoma ferruginous with basal segment black; mesosoma: pronotum, tegula ferruginous; legs ferruginous, coxa and trochanter black...................................................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D62FF85850DFB1784B5FA59FE40" ID-CoL="T2QZ" authority="Smith, 1855" authorityName="Smith" authorityYear="1855" box="[1196,1436,474,496]" class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" genus="Ceropales" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fuscipennis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94FEAF3FF85850DFB1784B5FA59FE40" bold="true" box="[1196,1436,474,496]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94FEAF3FF85850DFB1784B5FAD8FE5F" bold="true" box="[1196,1309,474,496]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">fuscipennis</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B10FF85850DFA9884B5FA59FE40" author="Smith, F." box="[1315,1436,474,496]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121" refId="ref7509" refString="Smith, F. (1855) Catalogue of Hymenopterous Insects in the Collection of the British Museum. Part III. Mutillidae and Pompilidae. s. n., London, 206 pp., 5 pls." type="book" year="1855">Smith, 1855</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
<keyStep id="30CF2E44FF85850DFF2C8498FA59FD85" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B8436E1FF85850DFF2C8498FA59FDA3" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,936]" box="[151,1436,503,525]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30CA95D4FF85850DFF2C8498FA59FDA3" box="[151,1436,503,525]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">
|
||||
5. Pronotum strikingly convex in lateral view and rather steeply sloping to mesonotum................................
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94FEAF3FF85850DFA2B8498FA59FDA3" bold="true" box="[1424,1436,503,524]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">6</emphasis>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B8436E1FF85850DFF2C877AFA59FD85" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,936]" box="[151,1436,533,555]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30CA95D4FF85850DFF2C877AFA59FD85" box="[151,1436,533,555]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">
|
||||
– Pronotum not convex in lateral view, in level with mesonotum.................................................
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94FEAF3FF85850DFA2B877AFA59FD85" bold="true" box="[1424,1436,533,554]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">7</emphasis>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
<keyStep id="30CF2E44FF85850DFF2C875DFA59FD58" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B8436E1FF85850DFF2C875DFA59FD2D" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,936]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30CA95D4FF85850DFF2C875DFA59FD2D" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">
|
||||
6. Frons raised in lateral view onto antennal region; lateral side of propodeum with remarkable and finely cross-wrinkled metapleural suture; free margin of the last metasomal segment significantly curved; propodeum conspicuously flat over its entire length; posterior part of propodeum dark reddish laterally..............................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D62FF85850DFB068703FA59FD2D" ID-CoL="T2RW" authority="Nurse, 1902" authorityName="Nurse" authorityYear="1902" box="[1213,1436,620,642]" class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" genus="Ceropales" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="judicatrix">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94FEAF3FF85850DFB068703FA59FD2D" bold="true" box="[1213,1436,620,642]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94FEAF3FF85850DFB068703FAD8FD2D" bold="true" box="[1213,1309,620,642]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">judicatrix</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B10FF85850DFA988702FA59FD2D" author="Nurse, C. G." box="[1315,1436,621,642]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121" pagination="79 - 92" refId="ref7339" refString="Nurse, C. G. (1902) New species of Indian Hymenoptera. Journal of the Bombay Natural History Society, 14, 79 - 92, 1 pl." type="journal article" year="1902">Nurse, 1902</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B8436E1FF85850DFF2C87E4FA59FD58" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,936]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30CA95D4FF85850DFF2C87E4FA59FD58" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">
|
||||
– Frons normal, moderately raised in lateral view, shortly flat below fore ocellus and raised between antennal sockets; metapleural sulcus not developed, rarely hardly discernible; free margin of the last metasomal segment nearly straight, slightly curved above in lateral view; posterior margin of propodeum raised laterally; lateral corners of propodeum white........................................................................................................
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D62FF85850DFB6B878DFA59FD58" ID-CoL="T2RL" authority="Moczar, 1989" authorityName="Moczar" authorityYear="1989" box="[1232,1436,737,760]" class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" genus="Ceropales" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="indica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94FEAF3FF85850DFB6B878DFA59FD58" bold="true" box="[1232,1436,737,760]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94FEAF3FF85850DFB6B878DFAC8FD57" bold="true" box="[1232,1293,738,760]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">indica</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EFAA4B10FF85850DFAAF878EFA59FD58" author="Moczar, L." box="[1300,1436,737,759]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121" pagination="9 - 61" refId="ref7213" refString="Moczar, L. (1989) Revision of the helvetica - group of the genus Ceropales Latreille (Hym.: Ceropalidae). Beitraege zur Entomologie, 39 (1), 9 - 61." type="journal article" year="1989">Móczár, 1989</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
<keyStep id="30CF2E44FF85850DFF2C866FFA59FC08" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B8436E1FF85850DFF2C866FFA59FCE0" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,936]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30CA95D4FF85850DFF2C866FFA59FCE0" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">
|
||||
7. Head with dense yellowish-brown setae, mainly concentrated on upper frons and vertex; clypeus completely pale yellow without any marking; ivory patch on face non confluent; antenna pale yellow ventrally, brownish black dorsally; medial emargination of compound eyes not deep.........................................
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94FEAF3FF85850DFC588655FA59FCE0" bold="true" box="[995,1436,826,848]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D62FF85850DFC588655FA80FCFF" authority="Anju, Binoy & Thejass" authorityName="Anju, Binoy & Thejass" authorityYear="2023" box="[995,1349,826,848]" class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" genus="Ceropales" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="keralaensis" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94FEAF3FF85850DFC588655FB96FCFF" bold="true" box="[995,1107,826,848]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">keralaensis</emphasis>
|
||||
Anju, Binoy & Thejass
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27C5788FF85850DFAF48655FA59FCE0" box="[1359,1436,826,847]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8B8436E1FF85850DFF2C8637FA59FC08" blockId="2.[151,1437,151,936]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">
|
||||
<keyLead id="30CA95D4FF85850DFF2C8637FA59FC08" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">
|
||||
– Head without prominent yellowish-brown setae; clypeus pale yellow with a black spot medially; ivory patch on face confluent till upper eye margin; antenna entirely brownish black; compound eyes medially deeply emarginated.............................................................................
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94FEAF3FF85850DFC1386FDFA59FC08" bold="true" box="[936,1436,914,936]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C3B4D62FF85850DFC1386FDFA80FC07" authority="Anju, Girish Kumar & Thejass" authorityName="Anju, Girish Kumar & Thejass" authorityYear="2023" box="[936,1349,914,936]" class="Insecta" family="Pompilidae" genus="Ceropales" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="121" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="anaghae" status="sp. nov.">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B94FEAF3FF85850DFC1386FDFC38FC07" bold="true" box="[936,1021,914,936]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="121">anaghae</emphasis>
|
||||
Anju, Girish Kumar & Thejass
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A27C5788FF85850DFAEB86FDFA59FC08" box="[1360,1436,914,935]" pageId="2" pageNumber="121" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</keyLead>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</keyStep>
|
||||
</key>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
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Reference in a new issue