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new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..64cdf158bc8
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+<mods:title id="CF12655A59E6F0D83CA490DDDE9BCCE3">New records of Heteroptera from the Canary Islands (Spain), XV</mods:title>
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+<mods:date id="EB541867723A55BBCB8264A92330672E">2024</mods:date>
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+<emphasis id="2BD54A4EFFA2FF9AFF0D73D4FE5A3D7C" bold="true" box="[144,426,1255,1280]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="261">Micrelytra fossularum</emphasis>
+(Rossi, 1790)
+</taxonomicName>
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+<subSubSection id="51BBC5D7FFA2FF9AFDF373D4FF123DE9" pageId="0" pageNumber="261" type="description">
+<paragraph id="191E965CFFA2FF9AFDF373D4FF123DE9" blockId="0.[144,1444,1255,1578]" pageId="0" pageNumber="261">
+(
+<taxonomicName id="DEA1EDDFFFA2FF9AFDE873D4FCE93D7C" box="[629,793,1255,1280]" class="Insecta" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Heteroptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="order">Heteroptera</taxonomicName>
+:
+<taxonomicName id="DEA1EDDFFFA2FF9AFCB673D4FC6C3D7C" authorityName="Amyot & Serville" authorityYear="1843" box="[811,924,1255,1280]" class="Insecta" family="Alydidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Alydidae</taxonomicName>
+:
+<taxonomicName id="DEA1EDDFFFA2FF9AFC3073D4FBAB3D7C" box="[941,1115,1255,1280]" class="Insecta" family="Alydidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subFamily" subFamily="Micrelytrinae">Micrelytrinae</taxonomicName>
+:
+<taxonomicName id="DEA1EDDFFFA2FF9AFBF673D4FAF13D7C" box="[1131,1281,1255,1280]" class="Insecta" family="Alydidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="tribe" tribe="Micrelytrini">Micrelytrini</taxonomicName>
+) is the only species of the genus
+<taxonomicName id="DEA1EDDFFFA2FF9AFE2F723EFD0C3D5A" authority="Laporte, 1833" authorityName="Laporte" authorityYear="1833" box="[434,764,1293,1318]" class="Insecta" family="Alydidae" genus="Micrelytra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="genus">
+<emphasis id="2BD54A4EFFA2FF9AFE2F723EFDC73D5A" bold="true" box="[434,567,1293,1318]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="261">Micrelytra</emphasis>
+Laporte, 1833
+</taxonomicName>
+. The species has an Atlantic-Circum-Mediterranean distribution (
+<bibRefCitation id="7D30EBADFFA2FF9AFEAE7202FD9D3D37" author="HECKMANN, R. & STRAUSS, G. & RIETSCHEL, S." box="[307,621,1329,1355]" pageId="0" pageNumber="261" pagination="83 - 130" refId="ref584" refString="HECKMANN, R., STRAUSS, G. & RIETSCHEL, S. 2015. Die Heteropterenfauna Kretas. Carolinea, 73 ¦ 83 - 130." type="journal article" year="2015">
+HECKMANN
+<emphasis id="2BD54A4EFFA2FF9AFE467201FDE53D37" bold="true" box="[475,533,1330,1355]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="261">et al</emphasis>
+., 2015
+</bibRefCitation>
+;
+<bibRefCitation id="7D30EBADFFA2FF9AFDE67202FC823D37" author="DUSOULIER, F. & TOUROULT, J. & CANUT, M. & LEBARD, T. & LE DIVELEC, R. & PIOLAIN, J. & DUSOULIER, F." box="[635,882,1329,1355]" pageId="0" pageNumber="261" pagination="18 - 22" refId="ref503" refString="DUSOULIER, F. 2020. Bilan pour les Hemipteres, pp. 18 - 22. In ¦ TOUROULT, J., CANUT, M., LEBARD, T., LE DIVELEC, R., PIOLAIN, J. & DUSOULIER, F. La planete revisitee en Corse. Volet terrestre 2019 - 2022. Rapport d'execution de la mission entomologique de juin 2020. Rapport technique du MNHN, Paris, 45 pp." type="book chapter" year="2020">DUSOULIER, 2020</bibRefCitation>
+;
+<bibRefCitation id="7D30EBADFFA2FF9AFC1D7201FBB83D37" author="AUKEMA, B." box="[896,1096,1330,1355]" pageId="0" pageNumber="261" refId="ref438" refString="AUKEMA, B. (ed.) 2024. Catalogue of Palaearctic Heteroptera [Online database]. Available from ¦ https ¦ // catpalhet. linnaeus. naturalis. nl / linnaeus _ ng / app / views / introduction / topic. php? id = 9 & epi = 1 [Last access ¦ 20 - 11 - 2024]." type="book" year="2024">AUKEMA, 2024</bibRefCitation>
+). So far, in Macaronesia
+<taxonomicName id="DEA1EDDFFFA2FF9AFA187201FEE73D0C" baseAuthorityName="Rossi" baseAuthorityYear="1790" class="Insecta" family="Alydidae" genus="Micrelytra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fossularum">
+<emphasis id="2BD54A4EFFA2FF9AFA187201FEE73D0C" bold="true" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="261">M. fossularum</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+has been reported from the island of
+<collectingRegion id="DB6558BEFFA2FF9AFD607264FC933D0C" box="[765,867,1367,1392]" country="Portugal" name="Madeira" pageId="0" pageNumber="261">Madeira</collectingRegion>
+(
+<collectingCountry id="61B6D6CCFFA2FF9AFCEE7264FC2E3D0C" box="[883,990,1367,1392]" name="Portugal" pageId="0" pageNumber="261">Portugal</collectingCountry>
+) (
+<bibRefCitation id="7D30EBADFFA2FF9AFC6B7264FAEB3D0C" author="RIBES, J. & HEISS, E." box="[1014,1307,1367,1393]" pageId="0" pageNumber="261" pagination="298 - 302" refId="ref612" refString="RIBES, J. & HEISS, E. 2008. Subordem Heteroptera, pp. 298 - 302. In ¦ BORGES, P. A. V., ABREU, C., AGUIAR, A. M. F., CARVALHO, P., JARDIM, R., MELO, I., OLIVEIRA, P., SERGIO, C., SERRANO, A. R. M. & VIEIRA, P. (eds.). Listagem dos fungos, flora e fauna terrestres dos arquipelagos da Madeira e Selvagens. DirecCAo Regional do Ambiente da Madeira and Universidade dos ACores, Funchal and Angra do Heroismo, 438 pp." type="book chapter" year="2008">RIBES & HEISS, 2008</bibRefCitation>
+;
+<bibRefCitation id="7D30EBADFFA2FF9AFAB57264FF253DE9" author="AUKEMA, B." pageId="0" pageNumber="261" refId="ref438" refString="AUKEMA, B. (ed.) 2024. Catalogue of Palaearctic Heteroptera [Online database]. Available from ¦ https ¦ // catpalhet. linnaeus. naturalis. nl / linnaeus _ ng / app / views / introduction / topic. php? id = 9 & epi = 1 [Last access ¦ 20 - 11 - 2024]." type="book" year="2024">AUKEMA, 2024</bibRefCitation>
+).
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+</emphasis>
+<subSubSection id="51BBC5D7FFA2FF9AFF737292FE553E56" pageId="0" pageNumber="261" type="distribution">
+<paragraph id="191E965CFFA2FF9AFF737292FE553E56" blockId="0.[144,1444,1255,1578]" pageId="0" pageNumber="261">
+<emphasis id="2BD54A4EFFA2FF9AFF737292FE553E56" bold="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="261">
+Herein, the first record of
+<taxonomicName id="DEA1EDDFFFA2FF9AFDCC7292FCF13DC6" baseAuthorityName="Rossi" baseAuthorityYear="1790" box="[593,769,1441,1466]" class="Insecta" family="Alydidae" genus="Micrelytra" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="0" pageNumber="261" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="fossularum">
+<emphasis id="2BD54A4EFFA2FF9AFDCC7292FCF13DC6" bold="true" box="[593,769,1441,1466]" italics="true" pageId="0" pageNumber="261">M. fossularum</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+in the
+<collectingRegion id="DB6558BEFFA2FF9AFCC27292FBE83DC6" box="[863,1048,1441,1467]" country="Spain" name="Canarias" pageId="0" pageNumber="261">Canary Islands</collectingRegion>
+(
+<collectingCountry id="61B6D6CCFFA2FF9AFBB47292FB823DC7" box="[1065,1138,1441,1467]" name="Spain" pageId="0" pageNumber="261">Spain</collectingCountry>
+) is reported:
+<location id="1C7EC087FFA2FF9AFABE7292FAB63DC7" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:9108274AFFA2FF9AFF0D73D4FE553E56:1C7EC087FFA2FF9AFABE7292FAB63DC7" box="[1315,1350,1441,1467]" country="Spain" name="On" pageId="0" pageNumber="261" stateProvince="Canarias">On</location>
+<date id="6D1FB09CFFA2FF9AFACD7292FF243DA3" pageId="0" pageNumber="261" value="2024-08-13">
+<collectingDate id="7D5B4974FFA2FF9AFACD7292FF243DA3" pageId="0" pageNumber="261" value="2024-08-13">13-08- 2024</collectingDate>
+</date>
+, a specimen of this species was found in the village of
+<collectorName id="B454F38AFFA2FF9AFC1A72F5FBDC3D9E" box="[903,1068,1477,1506]" pageId="0" pageNumber="261">Santa Úrsula</collectorName>
+, located in the north-western part of the island of
+<collectorName id="B454F38AFFA2FF9AFE2D72DFFDB53E79" box="[432,581,1516,1541]" pageId="0" pageNumber="261">Tenerife. A</collectorName>
+photograph of the specimen was uploaded to the online database iNaturalist (see here).
+</emphasis>
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+</treatment>
+</document>
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/data/A9/BA/94/A9BA94EAA1C6561C8EB97B117C486010.xml b/data/A9/BA/94/A9BA94EAA1C6561C8EB97B117C486010.xml
new file mode 100644
index 00000000000..565b2f90d89
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+<mods:affiliation id="61EF71EABF09DECC3763F1C09E3E9692">School of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan</mods:affiliation>
+</mods:name>
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+</mods:titleInfo>
+<mods:part id="5EC373E23CBCB7E621E028EE7BBECF2C">
+<mods:date id="1CAA9483A58793EE60677470DCA39F9F">2025</mods:date>
+<mods:detail id="29F95BEDBADA364D71B86541D7A64D4C" type="pubDate">
+<mods:number id="E67AD8A8825DB4AC97B935A2D93FE434">2025-02-27</mods:number>
+</mods:detail>
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+<mods:number id="2E46F1C0448C1A84188395EABB6C7AA9">1229</mods:number>
+</mods:detail>
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+<mods:start id="724AACAC55FE4D6CAF368F2A051B41CB">245</mods:start>
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+</mods:extent>
+</mods:part>
+</mods:relatedItem>
+<mods:classification id="AF60A5F0403CBB152E928AEB76A0133C">journal article</mods:classification>
+<mods:identifier id="9332D4174D328940BBFB60502BA3ADE7" type="DOI">10.3897/zookeys.1229.139344</mods:identifier>
+<mods:identifier id="7D5779A9D735B932AD191FEEC6BA5066" type="ZooBank">10A482BB-6B70-4A2A-9DC4-F1F388F2D7ED</mods:identifier>
+</mods:mods>
+<treatment id="A9BA94EAA1C6561C8EB97B117C486010" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14947679" ID-Zenodo-Dep="14947679" ID-arpha="A9BA94EA-A1C6-561C-8EB9-7B117C486010" ID-zoobank="https://zoobank.org/A182AA8A-F9EA-4D9A-A176-A8E21251C84F" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A9BA94EAA1C6561C8EB97B117C486010" LSID-ZBK="urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:A182AA8A-F9EA-4D9A-A176-A8E21251C84F" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/A9BA94EAA1C6561C8EB97B117C486010" scope_family="Ranidae" scope_order="Anura">
+<subSubSection id="1FCE3620CD8AF44DE9802E2440107CDB" type="nomenclature">
+<paragraph id="AB0A8E766F7977DF5656C55D87EEB95C">
+<taxonomicName id="5C25DC98A622DA6F9F828B15808001F3" authorityName="Lin & Chang & Matsui & Shen & Tominaga & Lin" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shyhhuangi" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="214FA48AD10CA95ADFE3F10C1F9D7D99" italics="true">Nidirana shyhhuangi</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="81457B41D1A7B877187EAAAC43B7A388" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+<subSubSection id="9EFA31CD177A0506D31F924A5C121D45" type="description">
+<paragraph id="8A1CFAD65DCEE2660CE81479313F021F">
+<figureCitation id="6E54854DDA6BDA22F168CCE7BC28850C" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Nidirana shyhhuangi sp. nov. in life A an adult male with a pale yellowish-brown glandular ridge behind the base of the forelimb, which is diagnostic of the sexes B an adult female, with a more grayish coloration C a first-year juvenile, with a reddish lower iris color D a male calling in the nest showing its subgular vocal sac. Photographed by CFL (A – C) and CC (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1229.139344.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264823">Figs 7</figureCitation>
+,
+<figureCitation id="4AF426449D991A2CF3A4165B14EEE864" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Holotype of Nidirana shyhhuangi sp. nov. NTNUB 149805, an adult male in a good state of preservation, collected by Shyh-Huang Chen on 11 July 1984 from Lienhuachih (23.92082 ° N, 120.88585 ° E), Yuchi Township, Nantou County, Taiwan. Photographed by Chih-Wei Chen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1229.139344.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264835">8</figureCitation>
+,
+<figureCitation id="717F258AAAE8136F0DFB865845CB8510" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. The tadpole of Nidirana shyhhuangi sp. nov. at Gosner stage 30. Photographed by CFL (A, B, D) and Da-Chaun Yeh (C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1229.139344.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264836">9</figureCitation>
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+<subSubSection id="SECID0EJGCI" type="Chresonymy">
+<paragraph id="96A00F9A6D22C975F0CB87C9F944F34D">
+<heading id="F1A7302A6EA39D65F124958D4D53D3CE" reason="title">Chresonymy.</heading>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="2D2187A6F2CD6C6D06079BE0587DEC0E">
+<treatmentCitationGroup id="AEC0BCA9E02E129844773F34E4B21D63">
+<taxonomicName id="2FF4DAAEF2F6B11F1BECD3096DED3AEE" ID-CoL="78R8L" baseAuthorityName="Kuramoto" baseAuthorityYear="1985" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Rana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="psaltes">
+<emphasis id="88B71A9A7234D9B629E7C22BE8676AA4" italics="true">Rana psaltes</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+—
+<bibRefCitation id="12DE2BFDFCB2241A87C8E242E58C24FE" author="Chou" firstAuthor="Chou" refId="B10" refString="Chou WH (1994) Geographic Distribution. Rana psaltes. Herpetological Review 25: 75." year="1994">Chou 1994</bibRefCitation>
+;
+<treatmentCitation id="837C32A1F78C3A6538F9D599F0A5391D" author="Lue KY & Tu MC & Shang G" page="80 - 81" year="1999">
+<bibRefCitation id="362E2B237D615999CFA5CA8A7AF96955" author="Lue KY & Tu MC & Shang G" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Lue" journalOrPublisher="Society for Wildlife and Nature, Taipei, Taiwan" page="80 - 81" refId="B31" refString="Lue KY, Tu MC, Shang G (1999) A field guide to the amphibians and reptiles of Taiwan. Society for Wildlife and Nature, Taipei, Taiwan, 343 pp." title="A field guide to the amphibians and reptiles of Taiwan." year="1999">Lue et al. 1999: 80–81</bibRefCitation>
+</treatmentCitation>
+;
+<treatmentCitation id="CA25DBB8DB6ABFFEBD787A9CCF62CEB0" author="Pan CM" page="114 - 115" year="2000">
+<bibRefCitation id="939DCBED934BE2C7392F42A655009A48" author="Pan CM" firstAuthor="Pan" journalOrPublisher="Bigtree Publishing, Taipei, Taiwan" page="114 - 115" refId="B46" refString="Pan CM (2000) Frog watching in Taiwan. Bigtree Publishing, Taipei, Taiwan, 174 pp." title="Frog watching in Taiwan." year="2000">Pan 2000: 114–115</bibRefCitation>
+</treatmentCitation>
+;
+<treatmentCitation id="EE98280FC5E99E1D77109E066C0FDE23" author="Lue KY & Tu MC & Shang G" page="80 - 81" year="2002">
+<bibRefCitation id="DDF4AA51379A7E445E4B1279A9BCD456" author="Lue KY & Tu MC & Shang G" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Lue" journalOrPublisher="Society for Wildlife and Nature, Taipei, Taiwan" page="80 - 81" refId="B32" refString="Lue KY, Tu MC, Shang G (2002) A field guide to the amphibians and reptiles of Taiwan (2 nd edn.). Society for Wildlife and Nature, Taipei, Taiwan, 347 pp." title="A field guide to the amphibians and reptiles of Taiwan (2 nd edn.)." year="2002">Lue et al. 2002: 80–81</bibRefCitation>
+</treatmentCitation>
+;
+<treatmentCitation id="E9CA6922D324A1FEDD9CADF91C96CE5F" author="Yang YJ" page="50 - 51" year="2002">
+<bibRefCitation id="9E216C48016E0315F240DEA8D84FCAD9" author="Yang YJ" firstAuthor="Yang" journalOrPublisher="Chinese Society of Natural Photography, Taipei, Taiwan" page="50 - 51" refId="B55" refString="Yang YJ (2002) A field guide to the frogs and toads of Taiwan. Chinese Society of Natural Photography, Taipei, Taiwan, 151 pp." title="A field guide to the frogs and toads of Taiwan." year="2002">Yang 2002: 50–51</bibRefCitation>
+</treatmentCitation>
+;
+<treatmentCitation id="5087B137176F0AA72EBB9E4E4FC90498" author="Chen WS" page="46 - 47" year="2003">
+<bibRefCitation id="29DBA265786018581CCE3102FF73FDDE" author="Chen WS" firstAuthor="Chen" journalOrPublisher="Wild Bird Society of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan" page="46 - 47" refId="B6" refString="Chen WS (2003) A field guide to the 31 frogs of Taiwan. Wild Bird Society of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan, 80 pp." title="A field guide to the 31 frogs of Taiwan." year="2003">Chen 2003: 46–47</bibRefCitation>
+</treatmentCitation>
+;
+<treatmentCitation id="2F1829B8446BFCDE08620EE19F505F89" author="Chen WS" page="48 - 49" year="2006">
+<bibRefCitation id="A98B62B0842E8C6502BB7D52D036ED28" author="Chen WS" firstAuthor="Chen" journalOrPublisher="Wild Bird Society of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan" page="48 - 49" refId="B7" refString="Chen WS (2006) A field guide to the 32 frogs of Taiwan. Wild Bird Society of Taipei, Taipei, Taiwan, 84 pp." title="A field guide to the 32 frogs of Taiwan." year="2006">Chen 2006: 48–49</bibRefCitation>
+</treatmentCitation>
+.
+</treatmentCitationGroup>
+<treatmentCitationGroup id="BA83DF7522EB1CB21861E69A5FF08AEA">
+<taxonomicName id="BA4D7F89BFE682028684CC616A9E0BDE" ID-CoL="78R5Y" authorityName="" (Boettger" authorityYear="1895" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Rana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="okinavana">
+<emphasis id="573E435F228D16F68E2C7C3FF178EDC9" italics="true">Rana okinavana</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+—
+<bibRefCitation id="64E9D48BF58F922B6928A35EB2CB5E4B" DOI="10.2108/zsj.24.199" author="Matsui" firstAuthor="Matsui" journalOrPublisher="Zoological Science" pagination="199-204" refId="B41" refString="Matsui M (2007) Unmasking Rana okinavana Boettger, 1895 from the Ryukyus, Japan (Amphibia: Anura: Ranidae). Zoological Science 24: 199–204. https://doi.org/10.2108/zsj.24.199" title="Unmasking Rana okinavana Boettger, 1895 from the Ryukyus, Japan (Amphibia: Anura: Ranidae)." volume="24" year="2007">Matsui 2007</bibRefCitation>
+;
+<treatmentCitation id="F1CF060B4D6CE2CC3020022ECC76671A" author="Yang YJ & Shang G & Li PH & Li CE" page="68 - 69" year="2008">
+<bibRefCitation id="D1B62D7B3EE75E64565C4093C3669CA5" author="Yang YJ & Shang G & Li PH & Li CE" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Yang" journalOrPublisher="Forestry Bureau, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Taipei, Taiwan" page="68 - 69" refId="B58" refString="Yang YJ, Shang G, Li PH, Li CE (2008) Handbook for field surveys of amphibians in Taiwan. Forestry Bureau, Council of Agriculture, Executive Yuan, Taipei, Taiwan, 133 pp." title="Handbook for field surveys of amphibians in Taiwan." year="2008">Yang et al. 2008: 68–69</bibRefCitation>
+</treatmentCitation>
+;
+<treatmentCitation id="B747A08F7F04E40F13B382A5D996C4EC" author="Shang G & Li PH & Yang YJ" page="96 - 97" year="2009">
+<bibRefCitation id="A1274FB073E88B72D30F63DF76B65D72" author="Shang G & Li PH & Yang YJ" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Shang" journalOrPublisher="Owl Publishing, Taipei, Taiwan" page="96 - 97" refId="B49" refString="Shang G, Li PH, Yang YJ (2009) . A field guide to amphibians and reptiles in Taiwan. Owl Publishing, Taipei, Taiwan, 336 pp." title=". A field guide to amphibians and reptiles in Taiwan." year="2009">Shang et al. 2009: 96–97</bibRefCitation>
+</treatmentCitation>
+;
+<treatmentCitation id="0849871B726072830F20447DBA214B15" author="Yang YS" page="300 - 303" year="2009">
+<bibRefCitation id="BD9203AF85B51D015EEE3C87239C2A3B" author="Yang YS" firstAuthor="Yang" journalOrPublisher="Morning Star Publishing, Taichung, Taiwan" page="300 - 303" refId="B56" refString="Yang YS (2009) Frog watching map. Morning Star Publishing, Taichung, Taiwan, 364 pp." title="Frog watching map." year="2009">Yang 2009: 300–303</bibRefCitation>
+</treatmentCitation>
+.
+<taxonomicName id="A06DF9F7E7EEA97270DAEB7FCEDADEC7" baseAuthorityName="Kuramoto" baseAuthorityYear="1985" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Hylarana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="psaltes" subGenus="Nidirana">
+<emphasis id="4EEE3935F066B966ED196EF6B6378F54" italics="true">Hylarana</emphasis>
+(
+<emphasis id="43B62E79CD529E784C265EE673A3FA55" italics="true">Nidirana</emphasis>
+)
+<emphasis id="A23B5206686B7D2152199F9965D8A19D" italics="true">psaltes</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+—
+<treatmentCitation id="FE8B68D9E5D4FDAE421B9E4E6754039C" author="Fei L & Ye CY & Jiang JP" page="310" year="2010">
+<bibRefCitation id="AC0D30E8DDE83446C204145D987CA204" author="Fei L & Ye CY & Jiang JP" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Fei" journalOrPublisher="Sichuan Publishing Group, Sichuan Publishing House of Science & Technology, Chengdu, China" page="310" refId="B17" refString="Fei L, Ye CY, Jiang JP (2010) Colored atlas of Chinse amphibians. Sichuan Publishing Group, Sichuan Publishing House of Science & Technology, Chengdu, China, 519 pp." title="Colored atlas of Chinse amphibians." year="2010">Fei et al. 2010: 310</bibRefCitation>
+</treatmentCitation>
+.
+<taxonomicName id="B264F7392E3BBE4832D093CD12163DD6" baseAuthorityName="Kuramoto" baseAuthorityYear="1985" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="psaltes">
+<emphasis id="ED0BBACBAFA0DF6AAAC4E28721888332" italics="true">Nidirana psaltes</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+—
+<treatmentCitation id="27D4B38BB2BD7D86A9F04EBC137A5765" author="Fei L & Ye CY & Jiang JP" page="349" year="2012">
+<bibRefCitation id="44A36CC5A6508B36B1E4AA89152B6288" author="Fei L & Ye CY & Jiang JP" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Fei" journalOrPublisher="Sichuan Publishing Group, Sichuan Publishing House of Science & Technology, Chengdu, China" page="349" refId="B18" refString="Fei L, Ye CY, Jiang JP (2012) Colored atlas of Chinse amphibians and their distributions. Sichuan Publishing Group, Sichuan Publishing House of Science & Technology, Chengdu, China, 619 pp." title="Colored atlas of Chinse amphibians and their distributions." year="2012">Fei et al. 2012: 349</bibRefCitation>
+</treatmentCitation>
+.
+</treatmentCitationGroup>
+<treatmentCitationGroup id="9016AD166FA2535C93C04A5B90EF2A74">
+<taxonomicName id="DF00A1F36B7128C202620591917CB4D3" ID-CoL="6S9SL" baseAuthorityName="Chou" baseAuthorityYear="1994" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="okinavana">
+<emphasis id="DD93E850538E7064BE70B0942547700F" italics="true">Nidirana okinavana</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+— Yang and Lee 2019: 92–95.
+</treatmentCitationGroup>
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+<subSubSection id="SECID0E4JCI" type="type material">
+<paragraph id="A960780D0A21C5E9A09697AB2616A1CE">
+<heading id="966B1E7DEE1FC0EF9F6420D61E98D674" reason="title">Type material.</heading>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="539DA3C99133ADFE2B8E2F6400426A11">
+<materialsCitation id="0898E5F89F5CE1C24355FAF40CDF6C2D" collectedFrom="small freshwater wetland areas surrounded by patchy bamboo forests and subtropical Ficus - Machilus hardwood forests, featuring a humid microhabitat in the understory" collectingDate="1984-07-11" collectionCode="NTNUB" collectorName="Shyh-Huang Chen" country="Taiwan" elevation="670" latitude="23.92082" location="Lienhuachih" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="120.88585" municipality="Yuchi Township" specimenCode="NTNUB 149805" specimenCount="1" specimenCount-adult="1" specimenCount-female="150667" specimenCount-male="1" stateProvince="Nantou County" typeStatus="holotype">
+<emphasis id="D1C148792E3BC83FB36455091A64C96B" bold="true">
+<emphasis id="FA5F122D61E8C8FB2F501491CBB4FFB6" bold="true" italics="true">
+<typeStatus id="2532B5CE15AD4A12726B94BCFD99C36F" type="holotype">Holotype</typeStatus>
+</emphasis>
+.
+</emphasis>
+<specimenCode id="F7224D5880A74020DC9D83696C2963C9">NTNUB 149805</specimenCode>
+(Fig.
+<figureCitation id="6A6CC5B2199ED8F7E18697B52869A81A" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Holotype of Nidirana shyhhuangi sp. nov. NTNUB 149805, an adult male in a good state of preservation, collected by Shyh-Huang Chen on 11 July 1984 from Lienhuachih (23.92082 ° N, 120.88585 ° E), Yuchi Township, Nantou County, Taiwan. Photographed by Chih-Wei Chen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1229.139344.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264835">8</figureCitation>
+), preserved in National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan.
+<specimenCount id="C3B711393B26A083CFA6AA82137E276A" count="1" type="male">Adult male</specimenCount>
+in a good state of preservation, collected by
+<collectorName id="C43E42DF9CEF0332E6CDE1494BA3D820">Shyh-Huang Chen</collectorName>
+on
+<date id="E0AD34E51974737921ADB8365DDCA49C" value="1984-07-11">
+<collectingDate id="B3909D3E45B1356DA3A24DF8E9602A3A" value="1984-07-11">11 July 1984</collectingDate>
+</date>
+from
+<location id="576727546B01C4F0AEBA5FD05EDE332D" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A9BA94EAA1C6561C8EB97B117C486010:576727546B01C4F0AEBA5FD05EDE332D" country="Taiwan" latitude="23.92082" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="120.88585" municipality="Yuchi Township" name="Lienhuachih" stateProvince="Nantou County">Lienhuachih</location>
+(
+<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EPKCI" specific-use="{"type":"Point","coordinates":[120.885850,23.920820]}">
+<geoCoordinate id="3FEA48C4A614D6D12BD75A592147F7D6" degrees="23.92082" direction="north" orientation="latitude" precision="1" value="23.92082">23.92082 ° N</geoCoordinate>
+,
+<geoCoordinate id="127E785940E6915DD0B25E3EE7DF138F" degrees="120.88585" direction="east" orientation="longitude" precision="1" value="120.88585">120.88585 ° E</geoCoordinate>
+</named-content>
+),
+<collectingMunicipality id="A5BA5DAD67417095E6EAE39DFFB642BE">Yuchi Township</collectingMunicipality>
+,
+<collectingRegion id="42886863D8E08DAFAA3ED12C6CFA6157" country="Taiwan" name="Nantou">Nantou County</collectingRegion>
+,
+<collectingCountry id="B51447EDAEA81E08361BE0764E95BB25" name="Taiwan">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
+. The environment of the type locality (Fig.
+<figureCitation id="0DF886E56DB877E5B31826DF83948F5F" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. A type locality of Nidirana shyhhuangi sp. nov. in Lienhuachih (23.92082 ° N, 120.88585 ° E), Yuchi Township, Nantou County, Taiwan B a mud nest with an opening diameter of ~ 0.8 cm. The white arrow indicates the position of the opening. Photographed by CFL." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1229.139344.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264837">10 A</figureCitation>
+), at an elevation of ~
+<quantity id="E7040485F56A679E1B615AE71799A33D" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.7" unit="m" value="670.0">
+<elevation id="02F470BD6C5BA40F5303E41E9C0F0D98" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.7" unit="m" value="670.0">670 m</elevation>
+</quantity>
+a. s. l., is characterized by
+<collectedFrom id="A8059A9C4B8D0462C4615E21D2B9F6AE">
+small freshwater wetland areas surrounded by patchy bamboo forests and subtropical
+<taxonomicName id="B022DB679B32AC9F4E047F120F06AC61" authorityName="Roding" authorityYear="1798" class="Gastropoda" family="Ficidae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
+<emphasis id="78B4BC1D6F39E0E8459EECC3A5B1A14A" italics="true">Ficus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+-
+<taxonomicName id="B368D4F796023F16B20DE2917090CFCE" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Machilus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
+<emphasis id="65A871E251CA64D7B8585B6DC850874B" italics="true">Machilus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+hardwood forests, featuring a humid microhabitat in the understory
+</collectedFrom>
+</materialsCitation>
+.
+<materialsCitation id="1517DDE66BFA9E3CA11238AF9C7E92AD" collectedFrom="small freshwater wetland areas surrounded by patchy bamboo forests and subtropical Ficus - Machilus hardwood forests, featuring a humid microhabitat in the understory" collectingDate="1984-07-11" collectionCode="NTNUB" collectorName="Shyh-Huang Chen" country="Taiwan" elevation="670" latitude="23.92082" location="Lienhuachih" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="120.88585" municipality="Yuchi Township" specimenCode="NTNUB 149801, 149802, 148803, 149804, 149806" specimenCount="5" specimenCount-adult="1" specimenCount-female="150667" specimenCount-male="450135" stateProvince="Nantou County" typeStatus="paratype">
+<emphasis id="C7CAE7065D48AA37E4B1FEDF296C4561" bold="true">
+<emphasis id="37EB1579F559D6EFB492D0E91D3CD233" bold="true" italics="true">
+<typeStatus id="8E388926101029B8538453B51C6494BE" type="paratype">Paratypes</typeStatus>
+</emphasis>
+(
+<emphasis id="2895807ABF32D70A38A47B5B1E4E5E33" bold="true" italics="true">n</emphasis>
+= 8).
+</emphasis>
+<specimenCode id="32A54CFA92CCB3421C0C915F2F2EE29E">NTNUB 149801</specimenCode>
+<specimenCount id="E86766CB2593731CD5FF8420F0A6055C" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
+,
+<specimenCode id="E806C4FD415F1C7C0443574AB01F0349">149802</specimenCode>
+<specimenCount id="E2C6F51E6DB2E01E23BDF354297B1598" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
+,
+<specimenCode id="3B4FA739ABC69D5F229EC65CF8BE17CE">148803</specimenCode>
+<specimenCount id="1EEF07C86B4DAF8C1975E70FAFB56378" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
+,
+<specimenCode id="53CB8AA7C10E3BA1A82DF0C3CC2EB9FB">149804</specimenCode>
+<specimenCount id="46173FB195355E54C9E66CF2A0B18250" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
+,
+<specimenCode id="1C45F80F27E7F7929A6620AA88922942">149806</specimenCode>
+<specimenCount id="C9FA100DD752BBC3B55E67BAC57A04E1" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
+collected on
+<date id="DBCD0644CA13EEB1096E4686C0C27030" value="1984-07-11">
+<collectingDate id="EDB7C05F7C5478258E1D7EDB8FC21572" value="1984-07-11">11 July 1984</collectingDate>
+</date>
+</materialsCitation>
+; and
+<materialsCitation id="3AAF4A925AD2BDB9B8B9378B16AC52F7" collectingDate="1986-10-11" collectionCode="NTNUB" collectorName="Shyh-Huang Chen" country="Taiwan" elevation="670" latitude="23.92082" location="Lienhuachih" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="120.88585" municipality="Yuchi Township" specimenCode="NTNUB E 861, E 862, E 863" specimenCount="3" specimenCount-adult="1" specimenCount-female="150667" specimenCount-male="450135" stateProvince="Nantou County" typeStatus="holotype">
+<specimenCode id="E9340074ED3651EBE5B1772221A4FD54">NTNUB E 861</specimenCode>
+<specimenCount id="221463F61A26D0721B0A3D0FD2AC429B" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
+,
+<specimenCode id="216E8EAFC759FAD831DD9B0463EF2BF2">E 862</specimenCode>
+<specimenCount id="BB3C44356B04E857EB081CBDC44C8F97" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
+,
+<specimenCode id="60E326B73D1D9CFE799823FC27F1AA6F">E 863</specimenCode>
+<specimenCount id="BCEA42C3EB3D263ED55F7EF5E8191659" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
+collected on
+<date id="D979AAE3DE7502BED8162E84D54EF1D9" value="1986-10-11">
+<collectingDate id="A293633F711140BFD18CFC69C3C9BE44" value="1986-10-11">11 October 1986</collectingDate>
+</date>
+</materialsCitation>
+. All the above-mentioned
+<specimenCount id="4FD0B5104939302725726D992A5FFC2F" type="generic">specimens</specimenCount>
+, in a good state of preservation, were collected from
+<location id="0268CA8E1833AD6ECA321F74CAAD5358" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A9BA94EAA1C6561C8EB97B117C486010:0268CA8E1833AD6ECA321F74CAAD5358" country="Taiwan" latitude="23.92082" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="120.88585" name="Lienhuachih" stateProvince="Taipei">Lienhuachih</location>
+by
+<collectorName id="681A84FE32FA3C5E54A065AD545DC53A">Shyh-Huang Chen</collectorName>
+and preserved in National
+<collectingCountry id="189D344AE4B274671F3C3B7731A2C627" name="Taiwan">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
+Normal University,
+<collectingRegion id="9715F9B7810B77C30BC7FA5B598A0835" country="Taiwan" name="Taipei">Taipei</collectingRegion>
+,
+<collectingCountry id="A8DE8A85C6F661A3E6A00D92747E6EE7" name="Taiwan">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
+(Table
+<tableCitation id="3F08BF48EFAB42004C17F6EAE4F146E0" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Specimens used for morphometric measurements." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/CBA0F65E3F627AF1DAE21E971A523CEE" tableUuid="CBA0F65E3F627AF1DAE21E971A523CEE">2</tableCitation>
+).
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+<subSubSection id="SECID0EOLCI" type="material">
+<paragraph id="21358A075FAFF8FBE7B7BFFA257E2A94">
+<heading id="EF2E2DC585E2261E2CF8FBF36A2F1FC8" reason="title">Other material examined</heading>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="B61BCF128E717F457E31E9FD41811572">
+<emphasis id="BA4F091B01A01C60A6A8BE83D4299226" bold="true">
+(
+<emphasis id="B08B1FAFAD1A26513182BEE1788B215D" bold="true" italics="true">n</emphasis>
+= 10).
+</emphasis>
+<materialsCitation id="B018E8B66F32D5D270AC540FB985E7AB" collectingDate="1989-08-28" collectionCode="NTNUB" collectorName="Shyh-Huang Chen" country="Taiwan" latitude="23.92082" location="Lienhuachih" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="120.88585" municipality="Yuchi Township" specimenCode="NTNUB 166201, 166202, 166203, 166204, 166205" specimenCount="5" stateProvince="Nantou County">
+<specimenCode id="B9793EE52F241597614A9BFEB64CBA75">NTNUB 166201</specimenCode>
+<specimenCount id="1E3419A025783882FDF180ABA0F8C715" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
+,
+<specimenCode id="5EF670F9F159831D4B802F37DF098841">166202</specimenCode>
+<specimenCount id="0E515BCB9CDB447764455CC3E43D0A13" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
+,
+<specimenCode id="F07CB8ECBE267EFB4FD08404AD53A5EF">166203</specimenCode>
+<specimenCount id="92DA64FB18D298D7FA81E2CB12A0DFFC" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
+,
+<specimenCode id="9BEE3E7BE4252EB95547AAD3522B6423">166204</specimenCode>
+<specimenCount id="FABD580BEBC68984F4A58AAB388805C6" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
+,
+<specimenCode id="516E4CD6E3B8C174D3C29AE335318B18">166205</specimenCode>
+<specimenCount id="07967AE977D3972E1961E6A811ED80DF" type="female">♀</specimenCount>
+collected on
+<date id="B7FF58F192F002FAFC2CCC76CCE6B15F" value="1989-08-28">
+<collectingDate id="C3A9948C39C1A85005CA65DDA736F421" value="1989-08-28">28 August 1989</collectingDate>
+</date>
+by
+<collectorName id="CE026BDF0FCE9D9915A5EFB442B62412">Shyh-Huang Chen</collectorName>
+</materialsCitation>
+;
+<materialsCitation id="40FB78C16B8DA783FE3E6A6A5221DC1A" collectingDate="1993-08-19" collectionCode="NMNS" collectorName="Wen-Hao Chou" country="Taiwan" latitude="23.92082" location="Lienhuachih" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="120.88585" municipality="Yuchi Township" specimenCode="NMNS 2377-3588, 2377-3589, 2377-3590" specimenCount="3" stateProvince="Nantou County">
+<specimenCode id="9428F5C74923E8472EDDBBAB1D59D5C4">NMNS 2377-3588</specimenCode>
+<specimenCount id="2D915B6B832CB9EED32B795F093F828D" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
+,
+<specimenCode id="3F3BFCCD3118F4164A51DEDBA081A7D0">2377-3589</specimenCode>
+<specimenCount id="67FFC5D6A48436EF3091AB649D6A9313" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
+,
+<specimenCode id="5258AEE72EA5FF4F029CFF91321A94CE">2377-3590</specimenCode>
+<specimenCount id="9A9056C583CBD4769B12126B833618EE" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
+collected on
+<date id="68D4B10AD9D20054136BBA0061322FAF" value="1993-08-19">
+<collectingDate id="B5A9E562A5BC9113C663947D28860753" value="1993-08-19">19 August 1993</collectingDate>
+</date>
+by
+<collectorName id="0A884CA9811AA2E0F7756EFB7D09537D">Wen-Hao Chou</collectorName>
+</materialsCitation>
+;
+<materialsCitation id="E356EFC1334E50CE512D1F2F06B38CE8" collectionCode="NMNS" collectorName="Wen-Hao Chou" country="Taiwan" latitude="23.92082" location="Lienhuachih" longLatPrecision="1" longitude="120.88585" municipality="Yuchi Township" specimenCode="NMNS LW-W-01" specimenCount="2" specimenCount-male="2" stateProvince="Nantou County">
+<specimenCode id="333D9D2D703C231B3721EA3BB87F2F9F">NMNS LW-W-01</specimenCode>
+<specimenCount id="34F24DE1F18D37DDED5469ADB764A0DD" count="1" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
+and an unnumbered specimen (
+<specimenCount id="277BF608B0A2DEC0B8161E463B9ED239" count="1" type="male">♂</specimenCount>
+) collected by
+<collectorName id="11F945E87F6386E2B5DD1EA6EF34B48E">Wen-Hao Chou</collectorName>
+with the collection date unknown
+</materialsCitation>
+. All of the above specimens were collected from
+<location id="BEF82BF6732A897B9A9A0D65C1152824" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:A9BA94EAA1C6561C8EB97B117C486010:BEF82BF6732A897B9A9A0D65C1152824" name="Lienhuachih">Lienhuachih</location>
+(Table
+<tableCitation id="6CB73915B0AF93A88403E651052BB6DA" captionStart="Table 2" captionStartId="T2" captionText="Table 2. Specimens used for morphometric measurements." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/CBA0F65E3F627AF1DAE21E971A523CEE" tableUuid="CBA0F65E3F627AF1DAE21E971A523CEE">2</tableCitation>
+).
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+<subSubSection id="SECID0E4LCI" type="etymology">
+<paragraph id="02055484301D34E81182E80282F20C61">
+<heading id="BC9A1F651F0663B935E10416BB540101" reason="title">Etymology.</heading>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="B54980628E1F960E37BA580D4591125F">
+The specific epithet of the new species
+<taxonomicName id="DCA44741878417457E433C886E480404" authorityName="Lin & Chang & Matsui & Shen & Tominaga & Lin" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shyhhuangi">
+<emphasis id="E14C1193B618E278C45BE634C1D9E7F2" italics="true">shyhhuangi</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+is a Latinized patronymic noun in genitive case. It is dedicated to Prof. Shyh-Huang Chen, a herpetologist and arachnologist who first discovered this species in the early 1980 s. We propose the common name “ Yuchi music frog ” in English to demonstrate the only two sampling sites of the species in Yuchi (meaning the “ fish pond ”) Township, or “ 魚池琴蛙 ” (pronounced as Yú-Chí-Qín-Wā) in Mandarin for this species.
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+<subSubSection id="SECID0ENMCI" type="diagnosis">
+<paragraph id="E44B4BADCAC48759CFAE65D8E0E6C628">
+<heading id="625DE66E0962256B1FCACFE9ADD1BBA2" reason="title">Diagnosis.</heading>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="DC4119EA060CD80B131E29EFA90B12B0">
+<taxonomicName id="1F9C95B5F785B37E111B99B9756EA04B" authorityName="Lin & Chang & Matsui & Shen & Tominaga & Lin" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shyhhuangi" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="46ED74C0DC9CC97BB1844F8EE6735399" italics="true">Nidirana shyhhuangi</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="0ED4235B595A983FA2042F09C42184B7" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+is characterized by a combination of the following characters: (1) a small-sized ranid, body moderately slender; (2)
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0E5MCI" xlink_title="snout–vent length">SVL</abbrev>
+of preserved specimens in adult males
+<quantity id="2F2B0E1F58E9C2C8B9ACFE0493942D2E" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.405" metricValueMax="3.65" metricValueMin="3.16" unit="mm" value="34.05" valueMax="36.5" valueMin="31.6">31.6–36.5 mm</quantity>
+(mean ± SD = 33.8 ±
+<quantity id="8FFED2F4A51F4F0352E19B469E789648" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
+,
+<emphasis id="9DA04764D69A96D6A85AB2B5095D3B9E" italics="true">n</emphasis>
+= 15), females
+<quantity id="FEF0298B3F007D79857A7CF2EE397F29" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" metricValueMax="3.8299999999999996" metricValueMin="3.37" unit="mm" value="36.0" valueMax="38.3" valueMin="33.7">33.7–38.3 mm</quantity>
+(35.9 ±
+<quantity id="C3660DA5DEA0CBD9BEC775AA3513D6B2" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.9 mm</quantity>
+,
+<emphasis id="71D47C09E057BEF76D813B7FCB4077DA" italics="true">n</emphasis>
+= 4); (3) head triangular, slightly longer than wide; (4) snout comparatively long, triangular in dorsal view with a slightly obtuse tip, moderately pointed in profile; (5) canthus rostralis distinct, contacting with the upper margin of nostril; (6) loreal region dark brown, extending posteriorly over eye and beyond tympanum; (7) upper lip pale white, white line extending posteriorly, forming a white stripe from below nostril to base of forelimb; (8) iris golden above canthus rostralis, dark brown below; (9) tympanum dark brown and conspicuous, dark zone extending posteriorly forming a trapezoid shape; (10) males with a single subgular vocal sac; (11) dorsum brown or yellowish-brown, sometimes gray; distinct vertebral stripe present; spinules on dorsal skin absent; (12) dorsolateral fold prominent, forming a distinct color boundary between dorsum and lateral body; (13) upper half of lateral body dark brown, lower half light brown; (14) jaw, throat, chest, and abdomen uniformly pale creamy yellow, generally lacking spots or patterns; (15) forelimb moderately long, pale brown; upper arm usually with one dark band at the base, forearm with one thin transverse band at the middle; (16) fingers slender, relative finger lengths II <IV <I <III; tips weakly dilated into discs, lateroventral groove absent on all fingers; free of webbing; (17) hindlimb relatively long, brown in color; thigh with two or three transverse dark bands, shank with two; (18) toes long and thin, relative toe lengths I <II <V <III <IV; tips weakly dilated into discs, lateroventral groove present on all toes; webbing partial, webbing formula I 1–1 II 1–1 III 2–2 IV 2–2 V.
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+<subSubSection id="SECID0EGNCI" type="description">
+<paragraph id="1E78999B2869EC20AB8DC35C601878E5">
+<heading id="17A12FE9DE212961BA3565275F44AAE5" reason="title">
+Description of
+<typeStatus id="DFFAF2934A9BDFFDFF51FD9B498DB79A" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
+.
+</heading>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="AFEAC1A134D747D4CBC3B40F6734FE73">
+Adult male in a good state of preservation (Fig.
+<figureCitation id="2C2EEB6642E0750F81AAD06B34566B4B" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Holotype of Nidirana shyhhuangi sp. nov. NTNUB 149805, an adult male in a good state of preservation, collected by Shyh-Huang Chen on 11 July 1984 from Lienhuachih (23.92082 ° N, 120.88585 ° E), Yuchi Township, Nantou County, Taiwan. Photographed by Chih-Wei Chen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1229.139344.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264835">8</figureCitation>
+). Measurements of the
+<typeStatus id="59332D778F627743396B9E74F3464416" type="holotype">holotype</typeStatus>
+(left / right, all in mm):
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQNCI" xlink_title="snout–vent length">SVL</abbrev>
+33.0;
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EUNCI" xlink_title="snout–forelimb length">SFL</abbrev>
+14.9 / 14.2; AGL 14.0 / 13.1;
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYNCI" xlink_title="dorsal width">DW</abbrev>
+9.1;
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3NCI" xlink_title="the sum of upper arm length">UaL</abbrev>
+8.9 / 8.5,
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EAOCI" xlink_title="lower arm length">LaL</abbrev>
+7.2 / 7.8,
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EEOCI" xlink_title="hand length measured from the wrist to the longest finger">HdL</abbrev>
+7.9 / 8.1, leading to
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EIOCI" xlink_title="forelimb length">FLL</abbrev>
+23.9 / 24.4;
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMOCI" xlink_title="the sum of thigh length">ThL</abbrev>
+16.1 / 16.5,
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQOCI" xlink_title="shank length">ShL</abbrev>
+17.8 / 17.9,
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EUOCI" xlink_title="foot length from ankle to the longest toe">FtL</abbrev>
+24.8 / 25.2, leading to
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYOCI" xlink_title="hindlimb length">HLL</abbrev>
+58.7 / 59.5;
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3OCI" xlink_title="head length">HL</abbrev>
+12.1 / 12.3;
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EAPCI" xlink_title="length between tip of snout to the posterior edge of tympanum; head width">HW</abbrev>
+11.2;
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EEPCI" xlink_title="from tip of snout to the nostril; snout length">SNT</abbrev>
+6.2 / 6.1;
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EIPCI" xlink_title="eye diameter">ED</abbrev>
+3.4 / 3.7;
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMPCI" xlink_title="maximum width of the head on the level of mouth angles in ventral view; snout–nostril distance">SND</abbrev>
+2.9 / 2.9;
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQPCI" xlink_title="snout–tympanum distance">STD</abbrev>
+9.8 / 9.9;
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EUPCI" xlink_title="tympanum diameter">TD</abbrev>
+2.9 / 2.8;
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYPCI" xlink_title="internostril distance">IND</abbrev>
+3.9;
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3PCI" xlink_title="interorbital distance">IOD</abbrev>
+3.3.
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="4EDCBD18198E1519376A945B4C36D49C">
+Body moderately slender and elongated. Head triangular, as wide as body; slightly longer (
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0ECQCI" xlink_title="head length">HL</abbrev>
+/
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EGQCI" xlink_title="length between tip of snout to the posterior edge of tympanum; head width">HW</abbrev>
+= 110.0 %). Snout comparatively long (50.3 %
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EKQCI" xlink_title="head length">HL</abbrev>
+), triangular and slightly obtuse in dorsal view, moderately pointed in profile. Canthus rostralis distinct; loreal region flat; nostril round, lateral, upper margin in contact with canthus rostralis, closer to tip of snout (23.7 %
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EOQCI" xlink_title="head length">HL</abbrev>
+) than to eye (50.3 %
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0ESQCI" xlink_title="head length">HL</abbrev>
+). Eye moderate sized, diameter 28.9 % of
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EWQCI" xlink_title="head length">HL</abbrev>
+, slightly larger than eye-nostril distance (26.3 %
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0E1QCI" xlink_title="head length">HL</abbrev>
+); interorbital space flat, width 26.9 % of
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0E5QCI" xlink_title="head length">HL</abbrev>
+and 29.5 % of
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0ECRCI" xlink_title="length between tip of snout to the posterior edge of tympanum; head width">HW</abbrev>
+. Tympanum readily visible, rounded; diameter 23.3 %
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EGRCI" xlink_title="head length">HL</abbrev>
+and 80.7 % of eye diameter; tympanic annulus conspicuous. Supratympanic fold absent.
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="31432F99669671F6DED0756446F759D3">
+Forelimb moderately long;
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMRCI" xlink_title="the sum of upper arm length">UaL</abbrev>
+26.3 %
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQRCI" xlink_title="snout–vent length">SVL</abbrev>
+;
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EURCI" xlink_title="lower arm length">LaL</abbrev>
+22.7 %
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EYRCI" xlink_title="snout–vent length">SVL</abbrev>
+,
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3RCI" xlink_title="hand length measured from the wrist to the longest finger">HdL</abbrev>
+24.1 %
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EASCI" xlink_title="snout–vent length">SVL</abbrev>
+. Fingers slender, free of webbing, rounded in cross-section, no skin fringes on fingers. First finger well-developed, tip of all fingers slightly expended, width of finger tips ~ 110 % of the thinnest diameter of phalanx, lateroventral groove absent on all fingers. Relative finger lengths: II <IV <I <III; length of finger II (3.42) 69.2 % of finger III (4.94). Inner metatarsal tubercle prominent and outer metatarsal tubercle obscure; subarticular tubercles present, rounded. Hindlimb relatively long; FmL 49.4 %
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EESCI" xlink_title="snout–vent length">SVL</abbrev>
+, TbL 54.0 %
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EISCI" xlink_title="snout–vent length">SVL</abbrev>
+,
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EMSCI" xlink_title="foot length from ankle to the longest toe">FtL</abbrev>
+75.6 %
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQSCI" xlink_title="snout–vent length">SVL</abbrev>
+. Toes long, thin, tips of toes slightly flattened, width of toe tips ~ 120 % of thinnest diameter of phalanx, lateroventral groove present on all toes. Relative toe lengths: I <II <V <III <IV; length of toe I (4.6) 29.0 % of finger IV (16.0). Webbing partial, webbing formula I 1–1 II 1–1 III 2–2 IV 2–2 V. Inner metatarsal tubercle ovoid-shaped, present at base of first toe at preaxial side; outer metatarsal tubercle absent; subarticular tubercles prominent, rounded.
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="9921D478E271925E5730E4BAA3F91A71">
+<emphasis id="BA67828926B9D79A2DD7310A90BE1D8D" bold="true">
+<emphasis id="113E57870079BA423483A3BC2B98E02F" bold="true" italics="true">Color in life</emphasis>
+.
+</emphasis>
+Dorsum yellowish brown, darker near the midline and paler towards lateral edges; a thin but distinct pale vertebral stripe present (Fig.
+<figureCitation id="BA25653CACB0647BE997BE5141A73DA3" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Nidirana shyhhuangi sp. nov. in life A an adult male with a pale yellowish-brown glandular ridge behind the base of the forelimb, which is diagnostic of the sexes B an adult female, with a more grayish coloration C a first-year juvenile, with a reddish lower iris color D a male calling in the nest showing its subgular vocal sac. Photographed by CFL (A – C) and CC (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1229.139344.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264823">7</figureCitation>
+). Canthus rostralis and dorsolateral fold prominent, forming a distinct color boundary between dorsum and lateral body. Loreal region dark brown, extending posteriorly over eye and beyond tympanum. Upper lip pale white, white line extending posteriorly, forming a white stripe from below nostril to base of forelimb. Pupil deep black, iris golden above level of canthus rostralis, dark brown below, matching color of the loreal region. Tympanum dark brown, conspicuous, slightly translucent; dark zone extending posteriorly by approximately same width of tympanum diameter, forming a trapezoid shape. Dorsolateral fold darker than dorsum and flanks, displaying a fine but occasionally interrupted black line along fold. Upper half of lateral body similar to mid-dorsal coloration, dark brown; lower half paler, similar to lateral dorsum, pale brown. A slightly raised glandular ridge, pale yellowish brown in color, appearing as a mild swelling of skin, located behind base of forelimb. Jaw, chest, and abdomen uniformly pale creamy yellow, lacking spots or patterns. Forelimb pale brown; upper arm with one dark band at base, forearm with one thin transverse band at middle. Hindlimb brown, thigh with three transverse dark bands on both legs, shank with two; foot and toes with three bands on the left and four on the right.
+</paragraph>
+<caption id="40FE1EC175C38F82E8F71F3A4A17A08E" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1229.139344.figure7" ID-arpha="38581783-44F3-5118-8C28-9A0B922E2A3E" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264823" startId="F7">
+<paragraph id="85A991C219D84C38DB4D7B4D51D3F46A">
+<label id="B0397A8C018D0FA8B11ABF46E563D695">Figure 7.</label>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="F6E5F814B9833F558169FD729D5F423A">
+<taxonomicName id="170D03DD07FD30A45D434F0DC7D0DCE3" authorityName="Lin & Chang & Matsui & Shen & Tominaga & Lin" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shyhhuangi" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="F66700A86F31A414993FE2A410FC2B63" italics="true">Nidirana shyhhuangi</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="0F7BC795C561BD87183318497BC7AFEA" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+in life
+<emphasis id="324A95BADA7CBA97FD272437646BCC79" bold="true">A</emphasis>
+an adult male with a pale yellowish-brown glandular ridge behind the base of the forelimb, which is diagnostic of the sexes
+<emphasis id="F3EE0BFD47E9FB0D2FDC231493FB5751" bold="true">B</emphasis>
+an adult female, with a more grayish coloration
+<emphasis id="46E0BD1901D0820D156B57A527017C11" bold="true">C</emphasis>
+a first-year juvenile, with a reddish lower iris color
+<emphasis id="5036486A39F7C54C87D47B25EF64B6AF" bold="true">D</emphasis>
+a male calling in the nest showing its subgular vocal sac. Photographed by CFL (
+<emphasis id="5C68F8525E1518D55A7210889E9424A8" bold="true">A – C</emphasis>
+) and CC (
+<emphasis id="4112381E2F56C3ACA58D8FAF23A0C40A" bold="true">D</emphasis>
+).
+</paragraph>
+</caption>
+<paragraph id="41CDD35528A9CA9F62001A72BDC8E04A">
+<emphasis id="4D372F8E4A5D0E68175014A2203CEAB5" bold="true">
+<emphasis id="00E426049CC659F76ECD26252A50A63B" bold="true" italics="true">Color in preservative</emphasis>
+.
+</emphasis>
+Patterns in alcohol-preserved specimens show minimal change (Figs
+<figureCitation id="847CD67600242B1E972CC3AF4D8E9CE6" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. The body size of Nidirana shyhhuangi sp. nov. is significantly smaller than that of N. okinavana (Wilcoxon rank-sum test, P < 0.001). Photographed by Chih-Wei Chen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1229.139344.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264832">4</figureCitation>
+,
+<figureCitation id="D402725B07EB7EB8CD86D06FE2E04B81" captionStart="Figure 8" captionStartId="F8" captionText="Figure 8. Holotype of Nidirana shyhhuangi sp. nov. NTNUB 149805, an adult male in a good state of preservation, collected by Shyh-Huang Chen on 11 July 1984 from Lienhuachih (23.92082 ° N, 120.88585 ° E), Yuchi Township, Nantou County, Taiwan. Photographed by Chih-Wei Chen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1229.139344.figure8" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264835">8</figureCitation>
+). However, coloration fades slightly. Most brown tones become slightly paler, the yellow component of yellowish brown fades, and the white line on the upper lip becomes less distinct compared to live specimens.
+</paragraph>
+<caption id="B6EECBF88E9CBEF0D3064AD9D0F351FF" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1229.139344.figure8" ID-arpha="536590F0-2EF5-58C2-B735-619A8A1DC9EC" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264835" startId="F8">
+<paragraph id="75277CDCEF7A3DCF011388139160BD9C">
+<label id="03B75777D0F8611967EA95298143B06D">Figure 8.</label>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="1EB156D0B2DBACDD9E7A4402D0A6C28F">
+Holotype of
+<taxonomicName id="166F33F7924F5279D81B01F8DF922388" authorityName="Lin & Chang & Matsui & Shen & Tominaga & Lin" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shyhhuangi" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="130E5DB4D6B8BD101942E661B2820B5D" italics="true">Nidirana shyhhuangi</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="34272A8A9DF88A61C0A145CDDEA5727A" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+NTNUB 149805, an adult male in a good state of preservation, collected by Shyh-Huang Chen on 11 July 1984 from Lienhuachih (
+<named-content content-type="dwc:verbatimCoordinates" id="NCID0EIVCI" specific-use="{"type":"Point","coordinates":[120.885850,23.920820]}">23.92082 ° N, 120.88585 ° E</named-content>
+), Yuchi Township, Nantou County, Taiwan. Photographed by Chih-Wei Chen.
+</paragraph>
+</caption>
+<paragraph id="A0FD343AD88299614156C4A8865D2E39">
+<emphasis id="572B4F0C1A043FAE9A98A01FD12B772E" bold="true">
+<emphasis id="8506FF0FAEEB7FC8240E9B9535D1CFEC" bold="true" italics="true">Variation</emphasis>
+.
+</emphasis>
+Some individuals are gray, a coloration that may be more common in females (Fig.
+<figureCitation id="386A7746959BD2EF951FC4E661E93028" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Nidirana shyhhuangi sp. nov. in life A an adult male with a pale yellowish-brown glandular ridge behind the base of the forelimb, which is diagnostic of the sexes B an adult female, with a more grayish coloration C a first-year juvenile, with a reddish lower iris color D a male calling in the nest showing its subgular vocal sac. Photographed by CFL (A – C) and CC (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1229.139344.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264823">7 B</figureCitation>
+). The lower half of the iris in one-year juveniles is red or reddish brown (Fig.
+<figureCitation id="81F8AD4F58FAC29B62E1EDFB3C0291BC" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Nidirana shyhhuangi sp. nov. in life A an adult male with a pale yellowish-brown glandular ridge behind the base of the forelimb, which is diagnostic of the sexes B an adult female, with a more grayish coloration C a first-year juvenile, with a reddish lower iris color D a male calling in the nest showing its subgular vocal sac. Photographed by CFL (A – C) and CC (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1229.139344.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264823">7 C</figureCitation>
+). The number of transverse bands on the limbs varies: a majority of individuals (85.7 %) have one transverse band on the forearm, while a minority (14.3 %) has two. The number of bands on the thigh ranges from two (39.3 %) to three (60.7 %) (Fig.
+<figureCitation id="41158CB0933535C63F4BA8BE319F5238" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Comparison of transverse bands on the thigh and shank. Compared to A Nidirana okinavana B Nidirana shyhhuangi sp. nov. usually has one additional transverse band on both the thigh (C Wilcoxon rank-sum test, P < 0.001) and the shank (D Wilcoxon rank-sum test, P < 0.001). Photographed by Chih-Wei Chen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1229.139344.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264833">5 C</figureCitation>
+), and on the shank, the bands are mostly two (85.7 %), occasionally three (14.3 %) (Fig.
+<figureCitation id="DD66EA61737CF69002DB0CB2459231CF" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Comparison of transverse bands on the thigh and shank. Compared to A Nidirana okinavana B Nidirana shyhhuangi sp. nov. usually has one additional transverse band on both the thigh (C Wilcoxon rank-sum test, P < 0.001) and the shank (D Wilcoxon rank-sum test, P < 0.001). Photographed by Chih-Wei Chen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1229.139344.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264833">5 D</figureCitation>
+). The number of bands on the foot is typically three (85.7 %), occasionally four (14.3 %).
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="3EC6535B54A43D8E87186103631CF21E">
+<emphasis id="ADD9D878429EEEE4B283C16E9E8EECA8" bold="true">
+<emphasis id="76EC0832BBA43D9A3DB35E1D17A40881" bold="true" italics="true">Sexual dimorphism</emphasis>
+.
+</emphasis>
+Sexual dimorphism within species of
+<taxonomicName id="520E7B0FF415DF7F0AA193536DAF437F" authorityName="Lin & Chang & Matsui & Shen & Tominaga & Lin" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shyhhuangi" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="DF98CEB6C22CA8397ACB8B7B798DB948" italics="true">Nidirana shyhhuangi</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="CA11FA63C112809207FF72044F7638B2" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+is recognized for glandular ridges and vocal sacs, both of which are present exclusively in males. Adult males can be distinguished from females by the presence of a pale yellowish-brown glandular ridge behind the base of the forelimbs, which is especially prominent during the breeding season (Fig.
+<figureCitation id="C6F4D361F43C660945B04F609389953F" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Nidirana shyhhuangi sp. nov. in life A an adult male with a pale yellowish-brown glandular ridge behind the base of the forelimb, which is diagnostic of the sexes B an adult female, with a more grayish coloration C a first-year juvenile, with a reddish lower iris color D a male calling in the nest showing its subgular vocal sac. Photographed by CFL (A – C) and CC (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1229.139344.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264823">7 A</figureCitation>
+). Compared to males, females tend to have a paler and more grayish coloration (Fig.
+<figureCitation id="3D4910378D2AA9254867184ABD98B3B7" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Nidirana shyhhuangi sp. nov. in life A an adult male with a pale yellowish-brown glandular ridge behind the base of the forelimb, which is diagnostic of the sexes B an adult female, with a more grayish coloration C a first-year juvenile, with a reddish lower iris color D a male calling in the nest showing its subgular vocal sac. Photographed by CFL (A – C) and CC (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1229.139344.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264823">7 B</figureCitation>
+), while males typically have a darker body color. The males of
+<taxonomicName id="624F9C7C81AC7FF2338BB8578781445A" authorityName="Lin & Chang & Matsui & Shen & Tominaga & Lin" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shyhhuangi" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="059505F7E8FE6E07770A7FAB99E09C19" italics="true">Nidirana shyhhuangi</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="5924BAFD1B4E2A3E68E55ABCBAEED5A6" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+have a single subgular vocal sac (Fig.
+<figureCitation id="CBEF1F2CB5B89CA1AFB2EB1589F114A7" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Nidirana shyhhuangi sp. nov. in life A an adult male with a pale yellowish-brown glandular ridge behind the base of the forelimb, which is diagnostic of the sexes B an adult female, with a more grayish coloration C a first-year juvenile, with a reddish lower iris color D a male calling in the nest showing its subgular vocal sac. Photographed by CFL (A – C) and CC (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1229.139344.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264823">7 D</figureCitation>
+). A pair of vocal slits, located between the lower jaw musculature and epidermis, is present only in mature males and is absent in females. Additionally, males exhibit slightly raised nuptial pads, although they are not particularly prominent, and these pads are entirely absent in females.
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="D1DAE66DB06934C0A63724237873AD26">
+Body size of both sexes overlap, but females are usually larger than males in both snout – vent length and body mass.
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EUXCI" xlink_title="snout–vent length">SVL</abbrev>
+of preserved specimens in adult males
+<quantity id="81249205841395D637FA3889015A9F2F" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.405" metricValueMax="3.65" metricValueMin="3.16" unit="mm" value="34.05" valueMax="36.5" valueMin="31.6">31.6–36.5 mm</quantity>
+(mean ± SD = 33.8 ±
+<quantity id="8126664B43F332165D07F4190DC36385" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.2" unit="mm" value="1.2">1.2 mm</quantity>
+,
+<emphasis id="FBE874FA1868B62344519DD7AB5A993E" italics="true">n</emphasis>
+= 15), females
+<quantity id="EC9B7380B2E9BC5F6165E8CCDB7E21E1" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6" metricValueMax="3.8299999999999996" metricValueMin="3.37" unit="mm" value="36.0" valueMax="38.3" valueMin="33.7">33.7–38.3 mm</quantity>
+(35.9 ±
+<quantity id="71BBE3006BBD80049EF075A17834AB94" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.9" unit="mm" value="1.9">1.9 mm</quantity>
+,
+<emphasis id="BAF4AA04D274301929A54C41A3E8ED13" italics="true">n</emphasis>
+= 4).
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0E3XCI" xlink_title="snout–vent length">SVL</abbrev>
+of live individuals (C. Chang, unpublished data) in adult males 32.0–
+<quantity id="57A87FE20DD11BD32493BE1D2548E6A5" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.01" unit="mm" value="40.1">40.1 mm</quantity>
+(35.5 ±
+<quantity id="3D043AC43D51B77952BE800E12EDB838" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.3" unit="mm" value="1.3">1.3 mm</quantity>
+,
+<emphasis id="BBCC23F3D1A9BF59FD90C4CF712FBCD7" italics="true">n</emphasis>
+= 49), females
+<quantity id="1D99888563A35DA119DE25C9CEB64158" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8" metricValueMax="4.08" metricValueMin="3.52" unit="mm" value="38.0" valueMax="40.8" valueMin="35.2">35.2–40.8 mm</quantity>
+(38.3 ±
+<quantity id="6E0F4747968F7E59D57810B26F6AD2D5" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.5 mm</quantity>
+,
+<emphasis id="7E76139D95DD03F7C016D6FA80775D43" italics="true">n</emphasis>
+= 16). Body mass of live individuals (CC, unpublished data) in adult males
+<quantity id="10314409EB4AB536AB5E78A889A86ECA" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="4.425" metricValueMax="5.25" metricValueMin="3.6" unit="g" value="4.425" valueMax="5.25" valueMin="3.6">3.60–5.25 g</quantity>
+(4.38 ±
+<quantity id="D6AFA8F39028E8612632B15DE9B64F89" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="4.2" unit="g" value="0.42">0.42 g</quantity>
+,
+<emphasis id="14C16CC0B4FAC5DAF41A0A46B120FD03" italics="true">n</emphasis>
+= 49), females
+<quantity id="89D6461011EE558758B4A1159B16C6AD" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="5.725" metricValueMax="6.7" metricValueMin="4.75" unit="g" value="5.725" valueMax="6.7" valueMin="4.75">4.75–6.70 g</quantity>
+(5.52 ±
+<quantity id="ADEF15EFB792F049B08492419F904778" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="kg" metricValue="5.1" unit="g" value="0.51">0.51 g</quantity>
+,
+<emphasis id="85207CAA4FE4C11B277408693C40EF85" italics="true">n</emphasis>
+= 16).
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="40BD81719D566CCF42A2EC74359E4207">
+<emphasis id="9891C6659606F61112430DB7E85AFF38" bold="true">
+<emphasis id="46C2D001A9DCE3FC675A657750B8F214" bold="true" italics="true">Comparisons</emphasis>
+.
+</emphasis>
+<taxonomicName id="2C3A5630B31629D59D90C58829427ED4" authorityName="Lin & Chang & Matsui & Shen & Tominaga & Lin" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shyhhuangi" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="1C5B5642213171CD235E23A8B1469F90" italics="true">Nidirana shyhhuangi</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="50A8B57EBDF008B6E2D622347CC0398D" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+could be distinguished from its most closely related congener,
+<taxonomicName id="2DDA463CD31AA28E916A23DF62625142" baseAuthorityName="Chou" baseAuthorityYear="1994" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="okinavana">
+<emphasis id="72ECF4E7945A980241CE9BB40A159263" italics="true">N. okinavana</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+, by its significantly smaller and non-overlapping adult body size (Fig.
+<figureCitation id="4007A80CF9223FA26E70B5A663186C0C" captionStart="Figure 4" captionStartId="F4" captionText="Figure 4. The body size of Nidirana shyhhuangi sp. nov. is significantly smaller than that of N. okinavana (Wilcoxon rank-sum test, P < 0.001). Photographed by Chih-Wei Chen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1229.139344.figure4" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264832">4</figureCitation>
+).
+<taxonomicName id="1041F35147F729FAA8A01ED8AE2423A0" baseAuthorityName="Chou" baseAuthorityYear="1994" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="okinavana">
+<emphasis id="E9EF5F6D71B1B2B0C2FCD3E59DFF5E2C" italics="true">Nidirana okinavana</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+always exceeds
+<quantity id="FAD81029CC93C40FDC613BEF6B5339C8" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 mm</quantity>
+(
+<emphasis id="966EDAFB0AEC85ED26392692BC335031" italics="true">n</emphasis>
+=
+<specimenCount id="54A73690F28EDBD15B30341EF7134166" count="18" type="adult">18 adults</specimenCount>
+), whereas
+<taxonomicName id="9F5E3BC6B26AF11F555961F613390470" authorityName="Lin & Chang & Matsui & Shen & Tominaga & Lin" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shyhhuangi" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="D7C6ECECAF32CB6C8FC24A5A3BDC52FF" italics="true">Nidirana shyhhuangi</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="EC9C4D75A7CAA1AB53F0605EAF0CB9E6" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+never exceeds
+<quantity id="7F622406A7225E7E6D6E27021EEE48CB" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8299999999999996" unit="mm" value="38.3">38.3 mm</quantity>
+(
+<emphasis id="0A65ABAAACF62C3D70033F7A82E6B2BA" italics="true">n</emphasis>
+=
+<specimenCount id="DE84C94EDA2E6AADDA6BB0D788A14D0B" count="19" type="adult">19 adults</specimenCount>
+).
+<taxonomicName id="BC57E8E8E985A83D4BE0E9C33F27C4FF" baseAuthorityName="Chou" baseAuthorityYear="1994" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="okinavana">
+<emphasis id="48ECC04C180E0CA8F341643D12129939" italics="true">Nidirana okinavana</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+usually has two transverse bands on the thigh and one on the shank; whereas
+<taxonomicName id="27D98AC6A73D09D158662570D9CBF9C4" authorityName="Lin & Chang & Matsui & Shen & Tominaga & Lin" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shyhhuangi" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="53039823A5029D3CCB4521C20D8A2BD2" italics="true">Nidirana shyhhuangi</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="B10EAC3DEDDD9C7877124938CB98DB3E" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+typically has three bands on thigh and two on the shank (Fig.
+<figureCitation id="007E39D4A1E9463B8C5529CBA52187F2" captionStart="Figure 5" captionStartId="F5" captionText="Figure 5. Comparison of transverse bands on the thigh and shank. Compared to A Nidirana okinavana B Nidirana shyhhuangi sp. nov. usually has one additional transverse band on both the thigh (C Wilcoxon rank-sum test, P < 0.001) and the shank (D Wilcoxon rank-sum test, P < 0.001). Photographed by Chih-Wei Chen." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1229.139344.figure5" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264833">5</figureCitation>
+).
+<taxonomicName id="02DF0F6CF852CA3F6434BA93E656842F" authorityName="Lin & Chang & Matsui & Shen & Tominaga & Lin" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shyhhuangi" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="23E738BA498AF2FD20A2C5DE833F3C3B" italics="true">Nidirana shyhhuangi</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="16A823F832A31C798F86BC65B72F59E5" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+could be further distinguished by a relatively longer snout – forelimb length (
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EI2CI" xlink_title="snout–forelimb length">SFL</abbrev>
+/
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EM2CI" xlink_title="snout–vent length">SVL</abbrev>
+), upper arm length (
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQ2CI" xlink_title="the sum of upper arm length">UaL</abbrev>
+/
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EU2CI" xlink_title="snout–vent length">SVL</abbrev>
+), lower arm length (
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EY2CI" xlink_title="lower arm length">LaL</abbrev>
+/
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0E32CI" xlink_title="snout–vent length">SVL</abbrev>
+), forelimb length (
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EA3CI" xlink_title="forelimb length">FLL</abbrev>
+/
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EE3CI" xlink_title="snout–vent length">SVL</abbrev>
+), shank length (
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EI3CI" xlink_title="shank length">ShL</abbrev>
+/
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EM3CI" xlink_title="snout–vent length">SVL</abbrev>
+), foot length (
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EQ3CI" xlink_title="foot length from ankle to the longest toe">FtL</abbrev>
+/
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EU3CI" xlink_title="snout–vent length">SVL</abbrev>
+), and hindlimb length (
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EY3CI" xlink_title="hindlimb length">HLL</abbrev>
+/
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0E33CI" xlink_title="snout–vent length">SVL</abbrev>
+) (Suppl. material
+<xref id="E1E3FC43E81380778B2335E9DC23CCED" ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="S1">1</xref>
+: fig. S 1). Additionally,
+<taxonomicName id="2E45369FE4BDD4B1815F0301C9199288" authorityName="Lin & Chang & Matsui & Shen & Tominaga & Lin" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shyhhuangi" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="5D9EB24D3BDF2068A5F334F1A7745D11" italics="true">Nidirana shyhhuangi</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="61D5AAE7C2CD92F3DC489A83B0184F4E" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+has relatively larger tympanum (
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EP4CI" xlink_title="tympanum diameter">TD</abbrev>
+/
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0ET4CI" xlink_title="head length">HL</abbrev>
+), shorter internostril distance (
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EX4CI" xlink_title="internostril distance">IND</abbrev>
+/
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0E24CI" xlink_title="head length">HL</abbrev>
+), and shorter interorbital distance (
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0E64CI" xlink_title="interorbital distance">IOD</abbrev>
+/
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0ED5CI" xlink_title="head length">HL</abbrev>
+) for characters at head (Suppl. material
+<xref id="30972385C268EC23B3C3B2DE4643997B" ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="S1">1</xref>
+: fig. S 1).
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="94D8DE9241202E3BA72E9670A2002852">
+The smaller body size of
+<taxonomicName id="E4DEF63478C9ACAE7838626BD9675B36" authorityName="Lin & Chang & Matsui & Shen & Tominaga & Lin" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shyhhuangi" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="7064923C013B99E16853BE6B317A0180" italics="true">Nidirana shyhhuangi</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="4DDAFEAB20E5C5F57F10E2020D9B49A1" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+also leads to differences in behavioral traits compared to
+<taxonomicName id="737B22AC90929354BBAC5DAF2F6774AD" baseAuthorityName="Chou" baseAuthorityYear="1994" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="okinavana">
+<emphasis id="B376EDA7DE2EE0068EBA1D837C7C8B14" italics="true">N. okinavana</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+. The new species is in the nest building group of the genus; the mud nest opening (Figs
+<figureCitation id="21BEE4C3520827B031F73ABCF81A6F0C" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Nidirana shyhhuangi sp. nov. in life A an adult male with a pale yellowish-brown glandular ridge behind the base of the forelimb, which is diagnostic of the sexes B an adult female, with a more grayish coloration C a first-year juvenile, with a reddish lower iris color D a male calling in the nest showing its subgular vocal sac. Photographed by CFL (A – C) and CC (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1229.139344.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264823">7 D</figureCitation>
+,
+<figureCitation id="3CEAE03399A76985502BA356FD7382CE" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. A type locality of Nidirana shyhhuangi sp. nov. in Lienhuachih (23.92082 ° N, 120.88585 ° E), Yuchi Township, Nantou County, Taiwan B a mud nest with an opening diameter of ~ 0.8 cm. The white arrow indicates the position of the opening. Photographed by CFL." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1229.139344.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264837">10 B</figureCitation>
+) measures approximately
+<quantity id="A98AF84DDAFA5A0D92705E4D29D57490" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="cm" value="2.0">2 cm</quantity>
+in diameter in the new species, while that of
+<taxonomicName id="38EB9ACAB4DA499E5201EE6BF983E2D2" baseAuthorityName="Chou" baseAuthorityYear="1994" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="okinavana">
+<emphasis id="13381A5E04DFFB223B8562ED13577583" italics="true">N. okinavana</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+can reach up to
+<quantity id="E0FB3E3114AF34EF4893E6F783ABD655" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.5" metricValueMax="6.0" metricValueMin="5.0" unit="cm" value="5.5" valueMax="6.0" valueMin="5.0">5–6 cm</quantity>
+. The mean clutch size of
+<taxonomicName id="079976624210A8B9BDE33C03C5EFCF01" authorityName="Lin & Chang & Matsui & Shen & Tominaga & Lin" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shyhhuangi" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="74E2D10E6F4992E42FB1F030CBF0209B" italics="true">Nidirana shyhhuangi</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="5A5715D24DAFE3A7434782CCD01CE977" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+is
+<specimenCount id="5A401801C4B1972F86616EAC9FF0E941" count="39" type="egg">39 eggs</specimenCount>
+(maximum 51), whereas
+<taxonomicName id="74C76755E6AA9ED5BE460B7FB1A67610" baseAuthorityName="Chou" baseAuthorityYear="1994" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="okinavana">
+<emphasis id="3F2AAF0C5AFC137A432B59ADC2FF97A8" italics="true">N. okinavana</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+can have up to
+<specimenCount id="EB8C77D7160E554A62F94EEE79C4B421" count="65" type="egg">65 eggs</specimenCount>
+(
+<bibRefCitation id="136C2EF99569ED1CE60D980DF6532C40" author="Kuramoto" firstAuthor="Kuramoto" journalOrPublisher="Herpetologica" pagination="150-158" refId="B27" refString="Kuramoto M (1985) A new frog (genus Rana) from the Yaeyama Group of the Ryukyu Islands. Herpetologica 41: 150–158." title="A new frog (genus Rana) from the Yaeyama Group of the Ryukyu Islands." volume="41" year="1985">Kuramoto 1985</bibRefCitation>
+) or even
+<specimenCount id="FD0D43B6BE203716295F606FC9B84EE6" count="80" type="egg">80 eggs</specimenCount>
+(
+<bibRefCitation id="1E39596F6DEE9129163DEC255B66C891" author="Utsunomiya and Utsunomiya" firstAuthor="Utsunomiya" journalOrPublisher="Journal of the Faculty of Applied Biological Science Hiroshima University" pagination="255-270" refId="B52" refString="Utsunomiya Y, Utsunomiya T (1983) On the eggs and larvae of frog species occurring in the Ryukyu Archipelago. Journal of the Faculty of Applied Biological Science Hiroshima University 222: 255–270." title="On the eggs and larvae of frog species occurring in the Ryukyu Archipelago." volume="222" year="1983">Utsunomiya and Utsunomiya 1983</bibRefCitation>
+;
+<bibRefCitation id="DD53218432329FBEE82E7600DC63FCF5" DOI="10.2307/1446514" author="Maeda and Matsui" firstAuthor="Maeda" journalOrPublisher=", Tokyo, Japan" refId="B40" refString="Maeda N, Matsui M (1990) Frogs and Toads of Japan, 2 nd edn. Bun-Ichi Sogo Shuppan Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan, 206 pp. https://doi.org/10.2307/1446514" title="Frogs and Toads of Japan, 2 nd edn. Bun-Ichi Sogo Shuppan Co., Ltd." year="1990">Maeda and Matsui 1990</bibRefCitation>
+;
+<bibRefCitation id="D1097643CDC5CA123766CC67402E986C" author="Matsui and Maeda" firstAuthor="Matsui" journalOrPublisher=", Tokyo, Japan" refId="B43" refString="Matsui M, Maeda N (2018) Encyclopedia of Japanese Frogs. Bun-Ichi Sogo Shuppan Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan, 272 pp." title="Encyclopedia of Japanese Frogs. Bun-Ichi Sogo Shuppan Co., Ltd." year="2018">Matsui and Maeda 2018</bibRefCitation>
+).
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="CC43A4704CA0E27B64AD26F399C55249">
+<taxonomicName id="9F3B70803222D7FFDA4C37C126C8B621" authorityName="Lin & Chang & Matsui & Shen & Tominaga & Lin" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shyhhuangi" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="2CF400F181C1A98BF022BD1B1C6BDC55" italics="true">Nidirana shyhhuangi</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="05D9AD75C5EE086D481DD43900948875" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+is sympatrically distributed with the much more abundant congener,
+<taxonomicName id="162B8FBBE0A7DF434F874BB7E07C2B44" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1909" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adenopleura">
+<emphasis id="B65F23129D67C077A81B87A5420AFEE5" italics="true">N. adenopleura</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+. Body size of the latter is significantly larger than both
+<taxonomicName id="E0BCC32B69BEAFCB24E8D0EA941C8137" authorityName="Lin & Chang & Matsui & Shen & Tominaga & Lin" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shyhhuangi" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="A0DCC467E6D411E1CCD06151C7995F13" italics="true">Nidirana shyhhuangi</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="1EC1E020D70E32ABF85A4993CD9E7A23" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+and
+<taxonomicName id="C51A8491EA0747C4A774694374A94C40" baseAuthorityName="Chou" baseAuthorityYear="1994" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="okinavana">
+<emphasis id="6475B739D11C8F6C3C7837E6C98D1178" italics="true">N. okinavana</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+, with
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EKCDI" xlink_title="snout–vent length">SVL</abbrev>
+ranging from
+<quantity id="BCC7CCCA9B6875FE4B2530E74D0C001B" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.75" metricValueMax="7.0" metricValueMin="4.5" unit="mm" value="57.5" valueMax="70.0" valueMin="45.0">45–70 mm</quantity>
+in the Taiwanese population (
+<bibRefCitation id="5FD48F36930D53D83D36A48D4BAF6FFC" author="Lue" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Lue" journalOrPublisher="Society for Wildlife and Nature, Taipei, Taiwan" refId="B31" refString="Lue KY, Tu MC, Shang G (1999) A field guide to the amphibians and reptiles of Taiwan. Society for Wildlife and Nature, Taipei, Taiwan, 343 pp." title="A field guide to the amphibians and reptiles of Taiwan." year="1999">Lue et al. 1999</bibRefCitation>
+;
+<bibRefCitation id="D286CCFA3746A87309B2FAB776E13E21" author="Lin and Fu" firstAuthor="Lin" journalOrPublisher="Forestry Bureau and Endemic Species Research Institute, Taipei, Taiwan" refId="B29" refString="Lin CF, Fu JS (2022) 2022 Conservation action plan for the harpist frog (Nidirana okinavana). Forestry Bureau and Endemic Species Research Institute, Taipei, Taiwan, 13 pp." title="2022 Conservation action plan for the harpist frog (Nidirana okinavana)." year="2022">Lin and Fu 2022</bibRefCitation>
+).
+<taxonomicName id="D85F85282811979A3A7E5992D9DD5130" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1909" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adenopleura">
+<emphasis id="34ECB1A617D5736951F019E8BC3CE9DE" italics="true">Nidirana adenopleura</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+usually has one additional (3 or 4) transverse band on the thigh, with more and clearer warts and black spots on its lateral skin. Dorsal coloration of
+<taxonomicName id="BA363EF4BC82F871AB48B8EADBA36038" authorityName="Lin & Chang & Matsui & Shen & Tominaga & Lin" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shyhhuangi" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="503C2DBF6579505410F0F190377F7945" italics="true">Nidirana shyhhuangi</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="257D61B89C2FDD811CFE5DF246CACC69" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+is paler, with dark brown longitudinal stripes on either side of the pale yellow mid-dorsal line. The males of
+<taxonomicName id="60458FDCC49AD7E9A13BA87147763C97" authorityName="Lin & Chang & Matsui & Shen & Tominaga & Lin" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shyhhuangi" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="0B71511E9B175A30A5EC022B98E7D8E8" italics="true">Nidirana shyhhuangi</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="17BE842E23073487B3B3BB20F210EEAC" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+have a single subgular vocal sac (Fig.
+<figureCitation id="81E6AAA8CA7D42E74861FFC32EE6C4E2" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Nidirana shyhhuangi sp. nov. in life A an adult male with a pale yellowish-brown glandular ridge behind the base of the forelimb, which is diagnostic of the sexes B an adult female, with a more grayish coloration C a first-year juvenile, with a reddish lower iris color D a male calling in the nest showing its subgular vocal sac. Photographed by CFL (A – C) and CC (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1229.139344.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264823">7 D</figureCitation>
+), whereas that of
+<taxonomicName id="194BAB5716622EFEC94912C0E0672001" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1909" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adenopleura">
+<emphasis id="B81377DF9CA2A3B36C429BDBE3D05754" italics="true">N. adenopleura</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+has a bilobed subgular sac.
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="6DEF90566815AEA80F8A183F3F1A1039">
+Body size of
+<taxonomicName id="6651B1D3B63D6D46419206DD5555AC8F" authorityName="Lin & Chang & Matsui & Shen & Tominaga & Lin" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shyhhuangi" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="9EFB46DFB56A0B14ECAAD7C4F4427704" italics="true">Nidirana shyhhuangi</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="63588EAE0E0CBD8C8D4B0865155299F1" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+is smaller than all other congeners, which makes it the smallest
+<taxonomicName id="64B0BBFE0F2B90CCC7262D5DB60DBD94" authorityName="Dubois" authorityYear="1992" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="genus">
+<emphasis id="0EAA3783CD228D4FE9EFE730CDA028C1" italics="true">Nidirana</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+of all.
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0E1EDI" xlink_title="snout–vent length">SVL</abbrev>
+of
+<taxonomicName id="EB768A43A3924E182D7E55B1CC41F40E" authorityName="Lin & Chang & Matsui & Shen & Tominaga & Lin" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shyhhuangi" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="724444D3179CA764A94C8C8532F33913" italics="true">Nidirana shyhhuangi</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="86C186F4B1785F998C05CAF9BD08E016" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+does not exceed
+<quantity id="55551384B19EE75F989282DE0688339D" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.65" unit="mm" value="36.5">36.5 mm</quantity>
+in males and
+<quantity id="202E6686C9037C07FE0429DF37A2F0E1" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8299999999999996" unit="mm" value="38.3">38.3 mm</quantity>
+in females. On the other hand, most of the other
+<taxonomicName id="6EE58656F38EA27F211F8277167D1DC7" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="undetermined">
+<emphasis id="865383402045DF955D43E3ACD5096086" italics="true">Nidirana</emphasis>
+spp.
+</taxonomicName>
+exceeds
+<quantity id="2C3B25BBBDAB7A2D319827528AAE346D" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="mm" value="40.0">40 mm</quantity>
+in both sexes, including
+<taxonomicName id="CA08A7BAA52E0230BB300D4C1148009E" baseAuthorityName="Chang" baseAuthorityYear="1933" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="daunchina">
+<emphasis id="B3D351206DCE428F2A688591679B9A1F" italics="true">N. daunchina</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+(40.6–53.0 mm,
+<bibRefCitation id="FE1DAAE8355BA3585DD421F2A695FEC9" DOI="10.1163/15685381-00003130" author="Lyu" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Lyu" journalOrPublisher="Amphibia - Reptilia" pagination="483-502" refId="B33" refString="Lyu ZT, Zeng ZC, Wang J, Lin CY, Liu ZY, Wang YY (2017) Resurrection of genus Nidirana (Anura: Ranidae) and synonymizing N. caldwelli with N. adenopleura, with description of a new species from China. Amphibia - Reptilia 38: 483–502. https://doi.org/10.1163/15685381-00003130" title="Resurrection of genus Nidirana (Anura: Ranidae) and synonymizing N. caldwelli with N. adenopleura, with description of a new species from China." volume="38" year="2017">Lyu et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
+),
+<taxonomicName id="8DA0E9CE28ECEC12FF7A414F221A2C28" authorityName="Lyu, Wan & Wang" authorityYear="2020" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guangdongensis">
+<emphasis id="C2AF1EF26956ACA3DF75578C3CBF6A30" italics="true">N. guangdongensis</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+(50.0–
+<quantity id="19727EE791EA5C49574F12DC8F65F280" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.93" unit="mm" value="59.3">59.3 mm</quantity>
+,
+<bibRefCitation id="CCF16F233563D5A81E4BC11EAB8C69A2" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.914.36604" author="Lyu ZT & Dai KY & Li Y & Wan H & Liu ZY & Qi S & Lin SM & Wang J & Li YL & Zeng YJ & Li PP & Pang H & Wang YY" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="127-159" refId="B36" refString="Lyu ZT, Dai KY, Li Y, Wan H, Liu ZY, Qi S, Lin SM, Wang J, Li YL, Zeng YJ, Li PP, Pang H, Wang YY (2020 b) Comprehensive approaches reveal three cryptic species of genus Nidirana (Anura, Ranidae) from China. ZooKeys 914: 127–159. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.914.36604" title="Comprehensive approaches reveal three cryptic species of genus Nidirana (Anura, Ranidae) from China." volume="914">Lyu et al. 2020 b</bibRefCitation>
+),
+<taxonomicName id="1A970AAEA17C912C0BCEC08DF422A6A9" authorityName="Mo, Lyu, Huang, Liao & Wang" authorityYear="2021" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guangxiensis">
+<emphasis id="E67ABFD6EEA8FE496DE161C0F4AE61A6" italics="true">N. guangxiensis</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+(40.2–51.0 mm,
+<bibRefCitation id="D2C199677A39A3B4F06290441534F50B" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1059.68140" author="Lyu" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Lyu" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="35-56" refId="B37" refString="Lyu ZT, Huang Z, Liao XW, Lin L, Huang Y, Wang YY, Mo YM (2021) A new species of music frog (Anura, Ranidae, Nidirana) from Mt Daming, Guangxi, China. ZooKeys 1059: 35–56. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1059.68140" title="A new species of music frog (Anura, Ranidae, Nidirana) from Mt Daming, Guangxi, China." volume="1059" year="2021">Lyu et al. 2021</bibRefCitation>
+),
+<taxonomicName id="7F415D74EC3057F265CB981358516772" authorityName="Li, Wei, Xu, Cui, Fei, Jiang, Liu & Wang" authorityYear="2019" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leishanensis">
+<emphasis id="EDE61BF9056E66530E76077C4B48A531" italics="true">N. leishanensis</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+(
+<quantity id="EB85060EAA9A23365D05BD8E990C4159" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.295" metricValueMax="5.64" metricValueMin="4.95" unit="mm" value="52.95" valueMax="56.4" valueMin="49.5">49.5–56.4 mm</quantity>
+,
+<bibRefCitation id="D5C53E443CB53FF0238C536BF6B73EB1" DOI="10.7717/peerj.7157" author="Li" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Li" refId="B28" refString="Li SZ, Wei G, Xu N, Cui JG, Fei L, Jiang JP, Liu J, Wang B (2019) A new species of the Asian music frog genus Nidirana (Amphibia, Anura, Ranidae) from Southwestern China. PeerJ 7: e 7157. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7157" year="2019">Li et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
+),
+<taxonomicName id="BCA670FAD4A54DB09945A49E74DD650E" baseAuthorityName="Chou" baseAuthorityYear="1999" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lini">
+<emphasis id="CD1E20082CD69FD6FDEA5F7B12C60662" italics="true">N. lini</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+(
+<quantity id="1043A3E52EBBF1920DDF800A3838474E" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.635" metricValueMax="6.859999999999999" metricValueMin="4.41" unit="mm" value="56.349999999999994" valueMax="68.6" valueMin="44.1">44.1–68.6 mm</quantity>
+,
+<bibRefCitation id="1C16C8CD5F6AFF7410719032E5743D76" author="Chou" firstAuthor="Chou" journalOrPublisher="Herpetologica" pagination="389-400" refId="B11" refString="Chou WH (1999) A new frog of the genus Rana (Anura: Ranidae) from China. Herpetologica 55: 389–400." title="A new frog of the genus Rana (Anura: Ranidae) from China." volume="55" year="1999">Chou 1999</bibRefCitation>
+;
+<bibRefCitation id="04120012BEF34810093CB21CA58711BD" DOI="10.1163/15685381-00003130" author="Lyu" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Lyu" journalOrPublisher="Amphibia - Reptilia" pagination="483-502" refId="B33" refString="Lyu ZT, Zeng ZC, Wang J, Lin CY, Liu ZY, Wang YY (2017) Resurrection of genus Nidirana (Anura: Ranidae) and synonymizing N. caldwelli with N. adenopleura, with description of a new species from China. Amphibia - Reptilia 38: 483–502. https://doi.org/10.1163/15685381-00003130" title="Resurrection of genus Nidirana (Anura: Ranidae) and synonymizing N. caldwelli with N. adenopleura, with description of a new species from China." volume="38" year="2017">Lyu et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
+),
+<taxonomicName id="51C0D36EAE4DB67E5A9676BCE4232E34" authorityName="Lyu, Qi & Wang" authorityYear="2020" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mangveni">
+<emphasis id="01B3FB477EEFBDE54BCFD7E6AC08F3CE" italics="true">N. mangveni</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+(
+<quantity id="D8E01D084122801D5CC3F4E5E58A0C19" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.935" metricValueMax="6.51" metricValueMin="5.36" unit="mm" value="59.349999999999994" valueMax="65.1" valueMin="53.6">53.6–65.1 mm</quantity>
+,
+<bibRefCitation id="A224C596F862BF4F29A3B3155ABBA145" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.914.36604" author="Lyu ZT & Dai KY & Li Y & Wan H & Liu ZY & Qi S & Lin SM & Wang J & Li YL & Zeng YJ & Li PP & Pang H & Wang YY" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="127-159" refId="B36" refString="Lyu ZT, Dai KY, Li Y, Wan H, Liu ZY, Qi S, Lin SM, Wang J, Li YL, Zeng YJ, Li PP, Pang H, Wang YY (2020 b) Comprehensive approaches reveal three cryptic species of genus Nidirana (Anura, Ranidae) from China. ZooKeys 914: 127–159. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.914.36604" title="Comprehensive approaches reveal three cryptic species of genus Nidirana (Anura, Ranidae) from China." volume="914">Lyu et al. 2020 b</bibRefCitation>
+),
+<taxonomicName id="61DFFB4B0A05D6B773E693B384663022" authorityName="Lyu, Yang & Wang" authorityYear="2020" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
+<emphasis id="A2C459C3B5BD74CBA6045EFD9CE0BCC4" italics="true">N. occidentalis</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+(
+<quantity id="6AAE3ED7559C14F3E1EE8AA8CBBA34FC" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.29" metricValueMax="6.13" metricValueMin="4.45" unit="mm" value="52.9" valueMax="61.3" valueMin="44.5">44.5–61.3 mm</quantity>
+,
+<bibRefCitation id="7E564AE6170433947BC3ABA32D3FCDBF" DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4861.1.3" author="Lyu ZT & Chen Y & Yang JH & Zeng ZC & Wang J & Zhao J & Wan H & Pang H & Wang YY" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pagination="43-62" refId="B35" refString="Lyu ZT, Chen Y, Yang JH, Zeng ZC, Wang J, Zhao J, Wan H, Pang H, Wang YY (2020 a) A new species of Nidirana from the N. pleuraden group (Anura, Ranidae) from western Yunnan, China. Zootaxa 4861: 43–62. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4861.1.3" title="A new species of Nidirana from the N. pleuraden group (Anura, Ranidae) from western Yunnan, China." volume="4861">Lyu et al. 2020 a</bibRefCitation>
+),
+<taxonomicName id="ACCBDA4D083EE776E52A6401571BDACC" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1904" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pleuraden">
+<emphasis id="D5309281BDC306119830FE4781D6E33F" italics="true">N. pleuraden</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+(
+<quantity id="9768898B71823E6B52AF5E001308E241" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.395" metricValueMax="6.17" metricValueMin="4.62" unit="mm" value="53.95" valueMax="61.7" valueMin="46.2">46.2–61.7 mm</quantity>
+,
+<bibRefCitation id="CA09DE0AF2F04AE3ED08A51532111EDE" DOI="10.1163/15685381-00003130" author="Lyu" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Lyu" journalOrPublisher="Amphibia - Reptilia" pagination="483-502" refId="B33" refString="Lyu ZT, Zeng ZC, Wang J, Lin CY, Liu ZY, Wang YY (2017) Resurrection of genus Nidirana (Anura: Ranidae) and synonymizing N. caldwelli with N. adenopleura, with description of a new species from China. Amphibia - Reptilia 38: 483–502. https://doi.org/10.1163/15685381-00003130" title="Resurrection of genus Nidirana (Anura: Ranidae) and synonymizing N. caldwelli with N. adenopleura, with description of a new species from China." volume="38" year="2017">Lyu et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
+;
+<bibRefCitation id="CD2457D2D8D4475BB25F2FED91941222" DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4861.1.3" author="Lyu ZT & Chen Y & Yang JH & Zeng ZC & Wang J & Zhao J & Wan H & Pang H & Wang YY" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pagination="43-62" refId="B35" refString="Lyu ZT, Chen Y, Yang JH, Zeng ZC, Wang J, Zhao J, Wan H, Pang H, Wang YY (2020 a) A new species of Nidirana from the N. pleuraden group (Anura, Ranidae) from western Yunnan, China. Zootaxa 4861: 43–62. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4861.1.3" title="A new species of Nidirana from the N. pleuraden group (Anura, Ranidae) from western Yunnan, China." volume="4861">Lyu et al. 2020 a</bibRefCitation>
+),
+<taxonomicName id="35760A8EA290F2138AE776DA431F2B0E" authorityName="Chen, Peng, Li & Liu" authorityYear="2022" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiwandashanensis">
+<emphasis id="DE03B30F0560FB5555F0A7D4E316FD3E" italics="true">N. shiwandashanensis</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+(
+<quantity id="FEA2E6CE09F2134D914B26F00E33A82C" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.85" metricValueMax="5.08" metricValueMin="4.62" unit="mm" value="48.5" valueMax="50.8" valueMin="46.2">46.2–50.8 mm</quantity>
+,
+<bibRefCitation id="42E6AC28DC7F37F08D89A741EC289280" DOI="10.16373/j.cnki.ahr.210065" author="Chen WC & Peng WX & Li P & Liu YJ" journalOrPublisher="Asian Herpetological Research" pagination="109-116" refId="B8" refString="Chen WC, Peng WX, Li P, Liu YJ (2022 a) A new species of Nidirana (Anura, Ranidae) from Southern Guangxi, China. Asian Herpetological Research 13: 109–116. https://doi.org/10.16373/j.cnki.ahr.210065" title="A new species of Nidirana (Anura, Ranidae) from Southern Guangxi, China." volume="13">Chen et al. 2022 a</bibRefCitation>
+),
+<taxonomicName id="6A28BEC9705A7AB5CDEA6BF54312D27D" authorityName="Lyu & Wang" authorityYear="2020" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="xiangica">
+<emphasis id="DBF73B3608FF88E079451372FF3588DA" italics="true">N. xiangica</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+(
+<quantity id="F9DF4E14BB216359ECFA1577D120AABC" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.805" metricValueMax="6.26" metricValueMin="5.35" unit="mm" value="58.05" valueMax="62.6" valueMin="53.5">53.5–62.6 mm</quantity>
+,
+<bibRefCitation id="F5C46938B4965DDD3F7AD11AB2931305" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.914.36604" author="Lyu ZT & Dai KY & Li Y & Wan H & Liu ZY & Qi S & Lin SM & Wang J & Li YL & Zeng YJ & Li PP & Pang H & Wang YY" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="127-159" refId="B36" refString="Lyu ZT, Dai KY, Li Y, Wan H, Liu ZY, Qi S, Lin SM, Wang J, Li YL, Zeng YJ, Li PP, Pang H, Wang YY (2020 b) Comprehensive approaches reveal three cryptic species of genus Nidirana (Anura, Ranidae) from China. ZooKeys 914: 127–159. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.914.36604" title="Comprehensive approaches reveal three cryptic species of genus Nidirana (Anura, Ranidae) from China." volume="914">Lyu et al. 2020 b</bibRefCitation>
+),
+<taxonomicName id="8318C841DBFB087299E8861605BA5DCF" authorityName="Lyu, Mo, Wan, Li, Pang & Wang" authorityYear="2019" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yaoica">
+<emphasis id="51591265C998A448D2516666BE269CB1" italics="true">N. yaoica</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+(
+<quantity id="4AFE4DF0A377C6E960CF4D1704A0E1E7" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.385" metricValueMax="4.56" metricValueMin="4.21" unit="mm" value="43.85" valueMax="45.6" valueMin="42.1">42.1–45.6 mm</quantity>
+,
+<bibRefCitation id="07CF17F87E2ED2E81E1B349398504740" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.858.34363" author="Lyu" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Lyu" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="109-126" refId="B34" refString="Lyu ZT, Mo YM, Wan H, Li YL, Pang H, Wang YY (2019) Description of a new species of music frogs (Anura, Ranidae, Nidirana) from Mt Dayao, southern China. ZooKeys 858: 109–126. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.858.34363" title="Description of a new species of music frogs (Anura, Ranidae, Nidirana) from Mt Dayao, southern China." volume="858" year="2019">Lyu et al. 2019</bibRefCitation>
+), and
+<taxonomicName id="A2409AFB6D9E9566A41E80E0C10F78DC" authorityName="Wei, Li, Liu, Cheng, Xu & Wang" authorityYear="2020" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yeae">
+<emphasis id="0B9F65215515127D4731A073F3427C00" italics="true">N. yeae</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+(
+<quantity id="DB176113ECCAE248DB7133FC314D369E" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.295" metricValueMax="4.47" metricValueMin="4.12" unit="mm" value="42.95" valueMax="44.7" valueMin="41.2">41.2–44.7 mm</quantity>
+,
+<bibRefCitation id="7B260A1ADE82F8B43186E3CE643CCFAA" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.904.39161" author="Wei" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Wei" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="63-87" refId="B54" refString="Wei G, Li SZ, Liu J, Cheng YL, Xu N, Wang B (2020) A new species of the music frog Nidirana (Anura, Ranidae) from Guizhou Province, China. ZooKeys 904: 63–87. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.904.39161" title="A new species of the music frog Nidirana (Anura, Ranidae) from Guizhou Province, China." volume="904" year="2020">Wei et al. 2020</bibRefCitation>
+).
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="3464283C73B60F5E612C7BC9FFAA3B1C">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EOLDI" xlink_title="snout–vent length">SVL</abbrev>
+of
+<taxonomicName id="216E7ABF5F7D3DA7B49F44FE1D1B4534" authorityName="Lin & Chang & Matsui & Shen & Tominaga & Lin" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shyhhuangi" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="BFFCFAF4A2FDBD2FFA1E3C7B2DC2882B" italics="true">Nidirana shyhhuangi</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="7C48723FC9FB3435D603CC0886D4CF05" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+overlaps with
+<taxonomicName id="43B6E5856B337FA0E69E1FFE22857D3B" baseAuthorityName="Bourret" baseAuthorityYear="1937" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chapaensis">
+<emphasis id="E3B279BB9347312CED965157782A68F0" italics="true">N. chapaensis</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+(
+<quantity id="949F96C1334C5BDFB68651C061BC59DD" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.365" metricValueMax="5.18" metricValueMin="3.55" unit="mm" value="43.65" valueMax="51.8" valueMin="35.5">35.5–51.8 mm</quantity>
+,
+<bibRefCitation id="6BAC75A7B84C5EB0092DF2B7D324A27C" author="Chuaynkern" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Chuaynkern" journalOrPublisher="The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology" pagination="291-310" refId="B12" refString="Chuaynkern Y, Ohler A, Inthara C, Duengkae P, Makchai S, Salangsingha N (2010) A revision of species in the subgenus Nidirana Dubois, 1992, with special attention to the identity of specimens allocated to Rana adenopleura Boulenger, 1909, and Rana chapaensis (Bourret, 1937) (Amphibia: Anura: Ranidae) from Thailand and Laos. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 58: 291–310." title="A revision of species in the subgenus Nidirana Dubois, 1992, with special attention to the identity of specimens allocated to Rana adenopleura Boulenger, 1909, and Rana chapaensis (Bourret, 1937) (Amphibia: Anura: Ranidae) from Thailand and Laos." volume="58" year="2010">Chuaynkern et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
+),
+<taxonomicName id="DA50F70744284DB13EDFE681B30B893D" baseAuthorityName="Fei, Ye & Jiang" baseAuthorityYear="2007" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hainanensis">
+<emphasis id="76708C445BAB45E3D01C223AE0CF0F6A" italics="true">N. hainanensis</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+(
+<quantity id="320F50D00545B5E291301BAB4DE5EFF6" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.8599999999999994" metricValueMax="4.4399999999999995" metricValueMin="3.28" unit="mm" value="38.599999999999994" valueMax="44.4" valueMin="32.8">32.8–44.4 mm</quantity>
+,
+<bibRefCitation id="8F56FEAF20F5CF1AD9146CFBEC211ABA" author="Fei" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Fei" journalOrPublisher="Herpetologica Sinica" pagination="1-4" refId="B16" refString="Fei L, Ye CY, Jiang JP (2007) A new species of Ranidae, Hylarana (Nidirana) hainanensis, from China (Amphibia: Anura). Herpetologica Sinica 11: 1–4." title="A new species of Ranidae, Hylarana (Nidirana) hainanensis, from China (Amphibia: Anura)." volume="11" year="2007">Fei et al. 2007</bibRefCitation>
+), and
+<taxonomicName id="BCFCE2C46D1686AAC786BB26C65296B3" authorityName="Lyu, Zeng, Wang, Lin, Liu & Wang" authorityYear="2017" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nankunensis">
+<emphasis id="08B5308339D2328520E196EA958F3CC1" italics="true">N. nankunensis</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+(
+<quantity id="A53E9AB33CC401655143A415AA90AA63" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.6399999999999997" metricValueMax="3.95" metricValueMin="3.3299999999999996" unit="mm" value="36.4" valueMax="39.5" valueMin="33.3">33.3–39.5 mm</quantity>
+,
+<bibRefCitation id="59D262AB815B2E5A90AAA24E60CF7BA2" DOI="10.1163/15685381-00003130" author="Lyu" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Lyu" journalOrPublisher="Amphibia - Reptilia" pagination="483-502" refId="B33" refString="Lyu ZT, Zeng ZC, Wang J, Lin CY, Liu ZY, Wang YY (2017) Resurrection of genus Nidirana (Anura: Ranidae) and synonymizing N. caldwelli with N. adenopleura, with description of a new species from China. Amphibia - Reptilia 38: 483–502. https://doi.org/10.1163/15685381-00003130" title="Resurrection of genus Nidirana (Anura: Ranidae) and synonymizing N. caldwelli with N. adenopleura, with description of a new species from China." volume="38" year="2017">Lyu et al. 2017</bibRefCitation>
+). However, the lateroventral groove is present on the fingers of
+<taxonomicName id="5764AE3492BA1F869FBB8E900EA49CFC" baseAuthorityName="Fei, Ye & Jiang" baseAuthorityYear="2007" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hainanensis">
+<emphasis id="8057848AF35C0E547180389B15500AE9" italics="true">N. hainanensis</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+, and also present on all fingers except finger I in
+<taxonomicName id="3EB3F9F9E75A33CAF7CD01CC567E4ACB" baseAuthorityName="Bourret" baseAuthorityYear="1937" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chapaensis">
+<emphasis id="076282906C94B714D32944F444C25F10" italics="true">N. chapaensis</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+and
+<taxonomicName id="6DA32C15F89CF4B3F3FCB57E93A80B4C" authorityName="Lyu, Zeng, Wang, Lin, Liu & Wang" authorityYear="2017" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nankunensis">
+<emphasis id="1257E538EDC727122B49575A42710B67" italics="true">N. nankunensis</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+. In contrast, the lateroventral groove is absent on the fingers of
+<taxonomicName id="D20162E34574FE0F413DEEE76C003647" authorityName="Lin & Chang & Matsui & Shen & Tominaga & Lin" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shyhhuangi" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="135BEF445C125786E91EC5B9BF41F69B" italics="true">Nidirana shyhhuangi</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="D8CA9E2DBB8A471BA4E29F9E75F46327" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="36AAA502365005E7DBFE6CC47E7426DA">
+In addition to body size,
+<taxonomicName id="54FEC3BA1A4A426C5836235EB3305962" authorityName="Lin & Chang & Matsui & Shen & Tominaga & Lin" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shyhhuangi" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="9DC7D0F4B48C6FD0BADDF3BD9A2EC92C" italics="true">Nidirana shyhhuangi</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="7EE44CAC0271FB1B12BC3081D03310B4" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+could be distinguished from
+<taxonomicName id="E596DC183DAC21EF41CAF20B4E97A3F2" authorityName="Lyu, Yang & Wang" authorityYear="2020" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
+<emphasis id="BC343363D8F6C403026193D564AF0386" italics="true">N. occidentalis</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+and
+<taxonomicName id="8220F816FE4CC2EDCAD348849D149CDE" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1904" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pleuraden">
+<emphasis id="304B136DE445D940CFD2FF490E40D559" italics="true">N. pleuraden</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+for dilated finger tips and toe tips; from
+<taxonomicName id="E7F0C12BA0A3F5948142E332AE304665" authorityName="Lyu, Qi & Wang" authorityYear="2020" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mangveni">
+<emphasis id="85E01927412B8CEBB00D0D21FA09CD1D" italics="true">N. mangveni</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+for relative length of fingers (II <I <IV <III); from
+<taxonomicName id="472DE0B7E14F689B99DDEACCB3BD6C64" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1909" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adenopleura">
+<emphasis id="0FB83369F52CA5EC9633DBFD9A961C03" italics="true">N. adenopleura</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+,
+<taxonomicName id="CAC5D26703FBDEB5F57AA31F5F5AC94A" authorityName="Lyu, Wan & Wang" authorityYear="2020" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guangdongensis">
+<emphasis id="AA8D87C6838083620750297D936E26A5" italics="true">N. guangdongensis</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+,
+<taxonomicName id="B50562A0DCE8C8018C6F2736E063A421" baseAuthorityName="Chou" baseAuthorityYear="1999" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lini">
+<emphasis id="3ECD1D069D4B78801241316110957C31" italics="true">N. lini</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+,
+<taxonomicName id="69ECDA5F377AB1F98A0852EC2E76E191" authorityName="Lyu, Qi & Wang" authorityYear="2020" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mangveni">
+<emphasis id="D53D932EB5F9D95DA44ADA315333CEA5" italics="true">N. mangveni</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+,
+<taxonomicName id="9078AC28F3F56802F2B8AB9607307838" authorityName="Lyu, Yang & Wang" authorityYear="2020" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
+<emphasis id="9D068A32FFD51A2EEDA30206A991C705" italics="true">N. occidentalis</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+,
+<taxonomicName id="D0DA9B3402FBA0DACD4C7E135CE569A1" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1904" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pleuraden">
+<emphasis id="207422DADF83F45744E29B4974BE90EA" italics="true">N. pleuraden</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+, and
+<taxonomicName id="E28F9D7ABEC5A38A65000C487C4CB435" authorityName="Lyu & Wang" authorityYear="2020" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="xiangica">
+<emphasis id="21EC84D75852F77578703EC2D780D023" italics="true">N. xiangica</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+for absence of Spinules on dorsal skin. Comparisons among these species are listed in Table
+<tableCitation id="19CCD57283C97E2FC4D9B9A4DD8F19CB" captionStart="Table 4" captionStartId="T4" captionText="Table 4. Comparison among Nidirana species, with updated information from Matsui and Maeda (2018) and this study." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/3744391E83CF478B93DFB6E90FFF8C06" tableUuid="3744391E83CF478B93DFB6E90FFF8C06">4</tableCitation>
+, with updated information of
+<taxonomicName id="2C28AE086D3E96AC15313DB79C433BAC" baseAuthorityName="Chou" baseAuthorityYear="1994" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="okinavana">
+<emphasis id="9DA3477026BCE755DEBFCC244D66CE6C" italics="true">N. okinavana</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+revised from
+<bibRefCitation id="145DCE86BE1E089357C9577ACA5BF150" author="Matsui M & Maeda N" firstAuthor="Matsui" journalOrPublisher=", Tokyo, Japan" refId="B43" refString="Matsui M, Maeda N (2018) Encyclopedia of Japanese Frogs. Bun-Ichi Sogo Shuppan Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan, 272 pp." title="Encyclopedia of Japanese Frogs. Bun-Ichi Sogo Shuppan Co., Ltd." year="2018">Matsui and Maeda (2018)</bibRefCitation>
+and this study.
+</paragraph>
+<caption id="3744391E83CF478B93DFB6E90FFF8C06" ID-Table-UUID="3744391E83CF478B93DFB6E90FFF8C06" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/3744391E83CF478B93DFB6E90FFF8C06" startId="T4" targetIsTable="true">
+<paragraph id="AA083188020D8F4492BD28CFE79A07BB">
+<label id="89EB4585CD9E9FBBF67836B0513A72F4">Table 4.</label>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="6F6CD3594A368AB1B4B364D54C93A894">
+Comparison among
+<taxonomicName id="6B2693FEC8DF172508F8C844D3992FF9">
+<emphasis id="EB0A46F6CD33F9B74935EFB109512456" italics="true">Nidirana</emphasis>
+species
+</taxonomicName>
+, with updated information from
+<bibRefCitation id="ABC12591B14588B13AFE60893CB77D2A" author="Matsui M & Maeda N" firstAuthor="Matsui" journalOrPublisher=", Tokyo, Japan" refId="B43" refString="Matsui M, Maeda N (2018) Encyclopedia of Japanese Frogs. Bun-Ichi Sogo Shuppan Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan, 272 pp." title="Encyclopedia of Japanese Frogs. Bun-Ichi Sogo Shuppan Co., Ltd." year="2018">Matsui and Maeda (2018)</bibRefCitation>
+and this study.
+</paragraph>
+</caption>
+<paragraph id="914942077FD942B671C4853FCE9B3DF7">
+<table id="TID0E1UAK" rules="all">
+<tbody id="5FA35F9FF5AD59E30E2CC6897B0D1232">
+<tr id="7843E34C9A56888D1F484FE7ACC50BCA">
+<th id="9BBA4C5104D0DE7D3E3B5C542A466899" colspan="1" isEmpty="true" rowspan="1">-</th>
+<th id="36DA3029499D170FF6E01DC7A1897FB1" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Species</th>
+<th id="324B0F2EA01E0EEB66DFD5B550C5F3DF" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EHUDI" xlink_title="snout–vent length">SVL</abbrev>
+of males (mm)
+</th>
+<th id="651DDD22339F63031C1F51E45EF85C4B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EPUDI" xlink_title="snout–vent length">SVL</abbrev>
+of females (mm)
+</th>
+<th id="1EEEAFCF4D5DCBE1D4AF1A398C6F0A30" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Fingers tips</th>
+<th id="D9D019FAFE374D469E8F1AA87A613930" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Lateroventral groove on fingers</th>
+<th id="D9C59457670B395BF8D8B460FDF8C53E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Relative length of fingers</th>
+<th id="DBCF97F5B7B6178D22D7AA2976C77BA6" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Toes tips</th>
+<th id="8DD08400A3025A327C39225647790AC9" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Lateroventral groove on toes</th>
+<th id="10C41819E0424AE00C2DF3ABFEF2B0EB" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Tibio-tarsal articulation</th>
+<th id="63FEC2D69E93452D063271CC329DE342" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Subgular vocal sacs</th>
+<th id="1F85217CE9E855933FABF279C4AD28F0" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Nuptial pad</th>
+<th id="B98C767CD477256D2BFD5D6955A09C30" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Spinules on dorsal skin</th>
+<th id="22D982A9B1A71AAFC1C59A17656C8234" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Nest construction</th>
+<th id="02A552837561C0387CAC239B97FB2DAC" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Tadpole labial tooth row formula</th>
+<th id="B90EE2784385B4ED87C5BA13824C6CA3" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Calling</th>
+<th id="3E1EC2DFE7AA7D47A3CE7E93FDA7AC8C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">References</th>
+</tr>
+<tr id="75C43AE0B6B142AF2B2A749C48B6CF75">
+<td id="7F5F51D4FB31AE2DBECC70F3440257CA" colspan="1" rowspan="1">1</td>
+<td id="656BCAC2C41265128D5066CC3E003447" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
+<taxonomicName id="3CE0981447D5D50C291FAE4A80FC6B88" authorityName="Lin & Chang & Matsui & Shen & Tominaga & Lin" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shyhhuangi" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="02CAF99D4A9BE4799E618AA676951184" italics="true">N. shyhhuangi</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="B962A1C3152224FC6AF4D315974D71D9" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+</td>
+<td id="67752AB5DD274351806B5E702D7A5E8A" colspan="1" rowspan="1">31.6–36.5</td>
+<td id="C36E32D0BF6D53AD1166335952A40F14" colspan="1" rowspan="1">33.7–38.3</td>
+<td id="82F3BAD849A1DAEDFE8811058E84C536" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Dilated</td>
+<td id="A29EB74691BE143996B88522588C8C64" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Usually absent</td>
+<td id="8389E351EEA2304ADE24B637898766B4" colspan="1" rowspan="1">II <I <IV <III</td>
+<td id="C1F8EAB3F6E844279F3266B10938DBBB" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Dilated</td>
+<td id="94713E5B18D351CD322FABC88807FC3E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="20BC75D3FD0C69173C4824E588DBA533" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Snout tip</td>
+<td id="D284B16E65F6E181A4F7C7A9FB694371" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="BC51E2516DD2824606A96EA4B1C523A6" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Poorly one on finger I</td>
+<td id="9506DF204B36E75F4E34AC7B1FB4B095" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
+<td id="7B2051A46B223790F89E9C4265902686" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="34B805C93A60E101954C57FED6296009" colspan="1" rowspan="1">I: 1 + 1 / 1 + 1: II</td>
+<td id="4F4D75876D0BA8F5D933589D22758E0B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">13–32 fast repeated notes</td>
+<td id="103EAF0620725BD4943E9353CC4AEE51" colspan="1" rowspan="1">This study</td>
+</tr>
+<tr id="6BC83B8C5A15ACDE4785784FC146F6A4">
+<td id="0A8883C17609DC120946060C3626385D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">2</td>
+<td id="ABA26F0FACCD6C8FE8E169A5C6BAB48C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
+<taxonomicName id="2750D1F32D75A4922362386508F0177C" baseAuthorityName="Chou" baseAuthorityYear="1994" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="okinavana">
+<emphasis id="C470419816768A0071F8680EF034A387" italics="true">N. okinavana</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+</td>
+<td id="726B591BE9F8CD561BB4C899F689CD17" colspan="1" rowspan="1">40.5–44.8</td>
+<td id="E88069AB56063DEE03ED222A388BD786" colspan="1" rowspan="1">45.2–47.8</td>
+<td id="767729D81E87DA036042EA8F70F4DD95" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Dilated</td>
+<td id="ACBD474B7842403A2975F4A546A631A0" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present except finger I</td>
+<td id="835C8D46A2A724CEDD9AAED8D2100D9B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">II <I <IV <III</td>
+<td id="D67D4E6D6271ACA79527F527FA7B3095" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Dilated</td>
+<td id="DB463AEC99318FF2AB288212F312D676" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="FA02730D47434B37942562C4A29DF3AC" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Eye center near nostril</td>
+<td id="2B42D6A4C20369190577AC85F8EA760B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="64FFE9F6B099F2AC88A69D3C617EC5AE" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Poorly one on finger I</td>
+<td id="E6D1C526B04E77C5696FEA8D6460306E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
+<td id="98946C6A9D8BCC27BBBF683EB587C449" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="DB36840352A1C4DAA6E195AE8257C929" colspan="1" rowspan="1">I: 1 + 1 / 1 + 1: II</td>
+<td id="2D9A71C00336E0C69DD168AC026D875E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">14–18 fast repeated notes</td>
+<td id="C0B0A383E5ABBD5B4F3B8B34DA9ECC66" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
+<bibRefCitation id="00FE4E136D1F25F4E5F732D91405310F" author="Matsui M & Maeda N" firstAuthor="Matsui" journalOrPublisher=", Tokyo, Japan" refId="B43" refString="Matsui M, Maeda N (2018) Encyclopedia of Japanese Frogs. Bun-Ichi Sogo Shuppan Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan, 272 pp." title="Encyclopedia of Japanese Frogs. Bun-Ichi Sogo Shuppan Co., Ltd." year="2018">Matsui and Maeda (2018)</bibRefCitation>
+; this study
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr id="4618C9F5B6C5AA530A4F2F98A0A7D1D7">
+<td id="48144040F3E53D1CAADAAFC58E788A7B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">3</td>
+<td id="021E262A647C181515BA234DF4B8066B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
+<taxonomicName id="871D9170D4E6E49EE912D6F73725DC1A" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1909" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="adenopleura">
+<emphasis id="EE53BF7F6C3C5A8635AC1D66FBB67D45" italics="true">N. adenopleura</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+</td>
+<td id="0F7298A49A46B63B2B1D54BF7D1EBCE5" colspan="1" rowspan="1">43.1–57.6</td>
+<td id="0262F9DF39F4A3640FEBA65593B896C3" colspan="1" rowspan="1">47.6–60.7</td>
+<td id="AD36C112E4694692177C147AAF379CB1" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Dilated</td>
+<td id="A0EA9FB5C5847D1AA6AE98B031D27097" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present except finger I</td>
+<td id="B5EADDB28545A24C113F607C7EA88A55" colspan="1" rowspan="1">II <I <IV <III</td>
+<td id="5979E911566247694829AE551189871E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Dilated</td>
+<td id="73A9469AB8836E0A6C9310797322D634" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="AE6ABD59942FDC8E6F954FCEA1E3F2BA" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Snout tip or eye-snout</td>
+<td id="61154182B98C7C7A179D00AA9504944C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="0B87FD760B4F5CFA81DFDB43B4DF389C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">One on finger I</td>
+<td id="901D20ADED802EEF46FE2DCF42F21E7D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Entire or posterior</td>
+<td id="75CB63363EAEA7D3AB011648EBD84EDB" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
+<td id="0C97D7BFE69CD76A164D87D73E685535" colspan="1" rowspan="1">I: 1 + 1 / 1 + 1: II or I: 0 + 0 / 1 + 1: I</td>
+<td id="7F1799CB6681E807461867D81C3B89B8" colspan="1" rowspan="1">2–5 regular notes</td>
+<td id="F44AED96B39B402896C1864929C16840" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
+<bibRefCitation id="6E060146A64A3F89CE557AFEB8A20A4C" DOI="10.1163/15685381-00003130" author="Lyu" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Lyu" journalOrPublisher="Amphibia - Reptilia" pagination="483-502" refId="B33" refString="Lyu ZT, Zeng ZC, Wang J, Lin CY, Liu ZY, Wang YY (2017) Resurrection of genus Nidirana (Anura: Ranidae) and synonymizing N. caldwelli with N. adenopleura, with description of a new species from China. Amphibia - Reptilia 38: 483–502. https://doi.org/10.1163/15685381-00003130" title="Resurrection of genus Nidirana (Anura: Ranidae) and synonymizing N. caldwelli with N. adenopleura, with description of a new species from China." volume="38" year="2017">Lyu et al. (2017</bibRefCitation>
+,
+<bibRefCitation id="39FA1D75CB7148D4BC2D36D2C660B1AF" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.914.36604" author="Lyu ZT & Dai KY & Li Y & Wan H & Liu ZY & Qi S & Lin SM & Wang J & Li YL & Zeng YJ & Li PP & Pang H & Wang YY" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="127-159" refId="B36" refString="Lyu ZT, Dai KY, Li Y, Wan H, Liu ZY, Qi S, Lin SM, Wang J, Li YL, Zeng YJ, Li PP, Pang H, Wang YY (2020 b) Comprehensive approaches reveal three cryptic species of genus Nidirana (Anura, Ranidae) from China. ZooKeys 914: 127–159. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.914.36604" title="Comprehensive approaches reveal three cryptic species of genus Nidirana (Anura, Ranidae) from China." volume="914">2020 b</bibRefCitation>
+);
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr id="15A7D9F9AC2ED7A99C022BAEF69C648D">
+<td id="E23A5A30D07DA92FAEC5C9F9C497E388" colspan="1" rowspan="1">4</td>
+<td id="48BE19395554B715BFD1D7906DC9E91B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
+<taxonomicName id="0CE7617EFC9E86E43CF0BA58651D0D59" baseAuthorityName="Bourret" baseAuthorityYear="1937" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chapaensis">
+<emphasis id="87D3C8016D316822E68385C223F21E19" italics="true">N. chapaensis</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+</td>
+<td id="0F5A416585D05D51A0A2A64899364971" colspan="1" rowspan="1">35.5–42.5</td>
+<td id="B6342AF824E103DEE97EBE5E19CAA1F8" colspan="1" rowspan="1">41.0–51.8</td>
+<td id="7E22B23DDB0B5E107155A1AF5C7F2E6B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Dilated</td>
+<td id="98639572FC004A3D9DA417DE666341A0" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present except finger I</td>
+<td id="502B15DB61E937AD7FB70A42E0D49049" colspan="1" rowspan="1">II <I = IV <III</td>
+<td id="234738C37B6BCD780D2116110A62E55D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Dilated</td>
+<td id="7D85D16391A38325004B440DCBEC5A49" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="3F6A07F1E0499FB940C3DABCC2C0E0EE" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Nostril</td>
+<td id="191DF5C74C7E09A1BEF11A2C919DBEE6" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="E63E1648290AA709F20AA45BF8A68BFE" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Two on finger I</td>
+<td id="7BBD082AFA6C251D879732EBC9BF1B96" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Absent or few above vent</td>
+<td id="8D64ECB33484BBC84E00E7BE676F4B7A" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="9DAB88B15CDDD57BF70DAEC21CD9E255" colspan="1" rowspan="1">I: 1 + 2 / 1 + 1: II</td>
+<td id="4639050AA88E0BF773FFC61C8A9D2CF5" colspan="1" rowspan="1">3 notes</td>
+<td id="E4F49D1AA0E8740AFA2F0FBFA4EE4DE7" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
+<bibRefCitation id="3B5EC1DACB243F996AEFEF6FD5E6B784" author="Chuaynkern Y & Ohler A & Inthara C & Duengkae P & Makchai S & Salangsingha N" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Chuaynkern" journalOrPublisher="The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology" pagination="291-310" refId="B12" refString="Chuaynkern Y, Ohler A, Inthara C, Duengkae P, Makchai S, Salangsingha N (2010) A revision of species in the subgenus Nidirana Dubois, 1992, with special attention to the identity of specimens allocated to Rana adenopleura Boulenger, 1909, and Rana chapaensis (Bourret, 1937) (Amphibia: Anura: Ranidae) from Thailand and Laos. The Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 58: 291–310." title="A revision of species in the subgenus Nidirana Dubois, 1992, with special attention to the identity of specimens allocated to Rana adenopleura Boulenger, 1909, and Rana chapaensis (Bourret, 1937) (Amphibia: Anura: Ranidae) from Thailand and Laos." volume="58" year="2010">Chuaynkern et al. (2010)</bibRefCitation>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr id="0799037A10838CFE54913A20EC42C6D4">
+<td id="724D8744CFD435F72F0D876B8303CE7C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">5</td>
+<td id="C75EAB27865A8CABD19163E078748017" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
+<taxonomicName id="1BC8EAD283713FEFA29BCCFDF598199C" authorityName="Ma & Wang" authorityYear="2023" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="chongqingensis">
+<emphasis id="4E2153AE18DF714BD73FB89CF590D098" italics="true">N. chongqingensis</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+</td>
+<td id="2FDF500AFDD1772B035FB4A5A0BDFBCC" colspan="1" rowspan="1">41.8-43.3</td>
+<td id="200FDB203ECB8FC267582911B6B15F95" colspan="1" rowspan="1">?</td>
+<td id="3FB05F47A2DD0D118536F6DCCF8F524A" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Not dilated</td>
+<td id="608A9E90D90F879EC8F3D46B316DF8DE" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="AA7FC08FB890AC05C71B975EC314A2BC" colspan="1" rowspan="1">II <I <IV <III</td>
+<td id="629970176FCE75738FCC6C140D919E9A" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Slightly dilated</td>
+<td id="8DCFE017EDB6CB30D11DCD08798236AF" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="D448848A39AA6A73472788FB42382F1A" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Eye or nostril</td>
+<td id="6B8D842107F9EF7AE39CABC47F6354DB" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="16AA714AD6C7A8C79B0965DE68B3EFAE" colspan="1" rowspan="1">One on finger I</td>
+<td id="D740759D679A4367AC6BF5AE99F92D78" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
+<td id="F848474477A55AB38BF355AF32BF9C93" colspan="1" rowspan="1">?</td>
+<td id="0591478539803A0496ED4899E6ECD5BF" colspan="1" rowspan="1">?</td>
+<td id="E1F9B801922BC2967D16A2EDEC3CCDF5" colspan="1" rowspan="1">?</td>
+<td id="F914899152B3C1D1F42E64126FFD7390" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
+<bibRefCitation id="01D2121B38C27769C91020CD3A026177" DOI="10.3897/BDJ.11.e101986" author="Ma Q & Wang Z" refId="B39" refString="Ma Q, Wang Z (2023) A new species of Nidirana Dubois, 1992 (Anura, Ranidae) from Chongqing Municipality, China. Biodiversity Data Journal 11: e 101986. https://doi.org/10.3897/BDJ.11.e101986" year="2023">Ma and Wang. (2023</bibRefCitation>
+)
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr id="9D171578C136010A069C4FE378F88646">
+<td id="95607CD968BE04BD551AA1BA2B5FA5B1" colspan="1" rowspan="1">6</td>
+<td id="E3867811E335F0092AA6EE99FD6646FE" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
+<taxonomicName id="93FE6EE54846C4F491BF9A9EAA4AF03A" baseAuthorityName="Chang" baseAuthorityYear="1933" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="daunchina">
+<emphasis id="6DB84BA755BDB82948FF5E21B2F2FC4C" italics="true">N. daunchina</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+</td>
+<td id="DFC906F2D4046A9F3DCA11E3D86D0F1E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">40.6–51.0</td>
+<td id="1DB007062805FB83F1FBCCFC51048B20" colspan="1" rowspan="1">44.0–53.0</td>
+<td id="4EF489388A00512536905A52B5923FE3" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Dilated</td>
+<td id="08178D25EC30AA639A697C94C3974DE0" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Absent or rarely present</td>
+<td id="84F9CEE65B1FD7AE7FEB3D85E1B51666" colspan="1" rowspan="1">II <I <IV <III</td>
+<td id="C7A5C5DE497308B98FFE08612DF3D62D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Dilated</td>
+<td id="D1CFCA1DD458F3A8EDE8C70AA5812728" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="A1BEC7DB4B96BB593CC002C310F49DE9" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Nostril</td>
+<td id="BDD1B0A33EAAAD12E95F1FD233ACD7B1" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="9182708E3C3EFE4A707666D7B5130375" colspan="1" rowspan="1">One on finger I</td>
+<td id="1DAAA37A389508D0C2DD073A2086B0E7" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
+<td id="A82AA0DAA64FEE88A6518A642DB745FE" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="CF15FB6289F4E3A1077D1B60CBEE9B50" colspan="1" rowspan="1">I: 1 + 1 / 1 + 1: II or I: 1 + 1 / 2 + 2: I</td>
+<td id="CDC96D8CB7140932B8A15A3C69B8575B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">2–5 notes containing a specific first note</td>
+<td id="7F67B18D211421272F4C187830B730E3" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
+Liu (1950);
+<bibRefCitation id="D82CC2819EC38B68AE47FAC3DDEDF9AF" DOI="10.1163/15685381-00003130" author="Lyu ZT & Zeng ZC & Wang J & Lin CY & Liu ZY & Wang YY" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Lyu" journalOrPublisher="Amphibia - Reptilia" pagination="483-502" refId="B33" refString="Lyu ZT, Zeng ZC, Wang J, Lin CY, Liu ZY, Wang YY (2017) Resurrection of genus Nidirana (Anura: Ranidae) and synonymizing N. caldwelli with N. adenopleura, with description of a new species from China. Amphibia - Reptilia 38: 483–502. https://doi.org/10.1163/15685381-00003130" title="Resurrection of genus Nidirana (Anura: Ranidae) and synonymizing N. caldwelli with N. adenopleura, with description of a new species from China." volume="38" year="2017">Lyu et al. (2017)</bibRefCitation>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr id="DB0B34F445BE9CAB997162115EC9A637">
+<td id="F9CA4B44EAC2750236545E692760A6A8" colspan="1" rowspan="1">7</td>
+<td id="E0D318A69593E1FE95835F2357280301" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
+<taxonomicName id="53B38EA581E609D507D116A65DA59B2C" authorityName="Lyu, Wan & Wang" authorityYear="2020" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guangdongensis">
+<emphasis id="1C496E1E35D4A7AFCE6208ED5F10E2B4" italics="true">N. guangdongensis</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+</td>
+<td id="7C154DB0C310FC41102E1DE9F3D009C5" colspan="1" rowspan="1">50.0–58.4</td>
+<td id="1AC92C9070B1F1B9FDAD4E6E485D8770" colspan="1" rowspan="1">55.3–59.3</td>
+<td id="5F9CE2BEFABE0FAD21642EAD133F46E7" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Dilated</td>
+<td id="EBF9EDECAEC3F38FEC7100E249949B52" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present except finger I</td>
+<td id="A63ADD1BAD8BCAB1A22DB43B479B93DC" colspan="1" rowspan="1">II <I <IV <III</td>
+<td id="DFE23A57BE09E1EC90566E1F41C8D44F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Dilated</td>
+<td id="CBC4F30D2A397785EB6C1955A2389486" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="B0699FCBF85FB517EC95695BCCEA68EB" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Nostril</td>
+<td id="3E64DD21DACECA5B2E8E4A6200D2376D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="3694CA2A27C86DEB924D26E7842BB63E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">One on finger I</td>
+<td id="44C47A22C8E107A18738AE77B719AF47" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Entire</td>
+<td id="63B3431887E34872C7EF40CF454AC7C3" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
+<td id="586F961739DECCDD98F07E8E02056C2C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">?</td>
+<td id="315CB898768CC9A4598DA93C20C06BC0" colspan="1" rowspan="1">2–4 regular notes</td>
+<td id="398B3BB2971FD07F778B13B432A51AE0" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
+<bibRefCitation id="569912BB7062FD91D62F05A2E03E302A" DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4861.1.3" author="Lyu ZT & Chen Y & Yang JH & Zeng ZC & Wang J & Zhao J & Wan H & Pang H & Wang YY" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pagination="43-62" refId="B35" refString="Lyu ZT, Chen Y, Yang JH, Zeng ZC, Wang J, Zhao J, Wan H, Pang H, Wang YY (2020 a) A new species of Nidirana from the N. pleuraden group (Anura, Ranidae) from western Yunnan, China. Zootaxa 4861: 43–62. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4861.1.3" title="A new species of Nidirana from the N. pleuraden group (Anura, Ranidae) from western Yunnan, China." volume="4861">Lyu et al. (2020 a</bibRefCitation>
+)
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr id="30ED758657C8E3CDB6EEFFB05EE79615">
+<td id="482030332BFFCCB912B2464312478F02" colspan="1" rowspan="1">8</td>
+<td id="6D71B1CBF445623EA8883E8D019551EB" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
+<taxonomicName id="FB37BD91D006B52ABB353A00665A4E21" authorityName="Mo, Lyu, Huang, Liao & Wang" authorityYear="2021" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="guangxiensis">
+<emphasis id="A6CC0FCE52169B8663CE65149DBA92C9" italics="true">N. guangxiensis</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+</td>
+<td id="F1476D7AF24DF9C2F8C7D388D4D13F43" colspan="1" rowspan="1">40.2–47.6</td>
+<td id="9B8F287F32553544FB440113560FC8B0" colspan="1" rowspan="1">49.9–51.0</td>
+<td id="67AE9CB3729A2FD81A58325F31BEBB70" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Dilated</td>
+<td id="A90479936A76B7C1E5ACEEB607E20986" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present on fingers III and IV</td>
+<td id="CFD43013BC09FE399872E13C8F82F426" colspan="1" rowspan="1">II <I <IV <III</td>
+<td id="E3D0D38077CCAEABC0F2301BB517E59F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Dilated</td>
+<td id="79CF2797045C3E4DF8A6F8B8240B4021" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="243175832EAFF03DB513D3B66DB4134C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Nostril</td>
+<td id="481521469C863C424B497B0BCF9FD804" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="7D0ED75120C10411C76970A355B60A76" colspan="1" rowspan="1">One on finger I</td>
+<td id="DE8F152D3CE1C2D3C2BA73A315D0EA87" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
+<td id="A57E2989AD579EDD786A836F2FA38CA4" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="801EF7912677B8982BEB9A2A2775FC3D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">I: 1 + 1 / 1 + 1: II</td>
+<td id="11B4988CF996D5B5EB0FB7A4991FB2F2" colspan="1" rowspan="1">6–11 rapidly repeated regular notes</td>
+<td id="0E4486E9948B57118382B67C79C9AB83" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
+<bibRefCitation id="87FCB3B0D729F2991DE296E78D6A10C5" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1059.68140" author="Lyu ZT & Huang Z & Liao XW & Lin L & Huang Y & Wang YY & Mo YM" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Lyu" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="35-56" refId="B37" refString="Lyu ZT, Huang Z, Liao XW, Lin L, Huang Y, Wang YY, Mo YM (2021) A new species of music frog (Anura, Ranidae, Nidirana) from Mt Daming, Guangxi, China. ZooKeys 1059: 35–56. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1059.68140" title="A new species of music frog (Anura, Ranidae, Nidirana) from Mt Daming, Guangxi, China." volume="1059" year="2021">Lyu et al. (2021)</bibRefCitation>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr id="4E76D395B71C86FF791C98F9475EC740">
+<td id="8B629FA5A0FD7720B1F6E4AEF9A4A018" colspan="1" rowspan="1">9</td>
+<td id="F806393A0E9750B38BEBE9CF5796AB98" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
+<taxonomicName id="ECF6A1FE3E07CF0F70CBC873EF5A09CB" baseAuthorityName="Fei, Ye & Jiang" baseAuthorityYear="2007" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="hainanensis">
+<emphasis id="9773DE7DA532E48023993EBDA6CA206C" italics="true">N. hainanensis</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+</td>
+<td id="6D3D7AC518720B1C0940F558B1043056" colspan="1" rowspan="1">32.8–44.4</td>
+<td id="66FEB30979F7AED1F52E8D05CEA32857" colspan="1" rowspan="1">?</td>
+<td id="9A2A317776A4D9356A352032E0C8EB48" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Dilated</td>
+<td id="96B8047BB947D4601BFFC19DB3AE06E9" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="9E5B796D3276E9DB458CC0B4517E6484" colspan="1" rowspan="1">II <I <IV <III</td>
+<td id="6677DC42AE25FF26C86094C33A7A2B13" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Dilated</td>
+<td id="097CD519179FD827C370E9DF078DDF90" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="A124A9312829114F7EBB3C9D0CD2DD97" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Nostril</td>
+<td id="CC790C33EE01DA5331AC8F9BD9D3F31A" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="20C74408D25532F7D8C9DB5401B52F57" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
+<td id="CC34E061869FD18F57304C4C28184AC0" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
+<td id="84228A60FF3D5A35C11052B262C689C7" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="C1422CBD5336277CC8ECA7CF03EED884" colspan="1" rowspan="1">?</td>
+<td id="030DABF45D9D591B2BD162FE1D5B44AA" colspan="1" rowspan="1">2–4 fast repeated double notes</td>
+<td id="14389AC9ED5FE299199CC03EB17E9B97" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
+<bibRefCitation id="610A027E769AD432AB7D871F68ABEFAD" author="Fei" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Fei" journalOrPublisher="Herpetologica Sinica" pagination="1-4" refId="B16" refString="Fei L, Ye CY, Jiang JP (2007) A new species of Ranidae, Hylarana (Nidirana) hainanensis, from China (Amphibia: Anura). Herpetologica Sinica 11: 1–4." title="A new species of Ranidae, Hylarana (Nidirana) hainanensis, from China (Amphibia: Anura)." volume="11" year="2007">Fei et al. (2007</bibRefCitation>
+, 2009)
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr id="6846A7A116A31CC5A16BE17623A0CB51">
+<td id="2DD2781CA73B6D4382FC4EF62DF86F95" colspan="1" rowspan="1">10</td>
+<td id="1DEFE28E645659482A4286382BD2D9E5" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
+<taxonomicName id="3006302C9B70EA23054A3D58E8B9D39B" authorityName="Li, Wei, Xu, Cui, Fei, Jiang, Liu & Wang" authorityYear="2019" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="leishanensis">
+<emphasis id="19666AF4E8867DD7AA687B1E8D4604AF" italics="true">N. leishanensis</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+</td>
+<td id="2C681EBB764A8CD193E05AA5B1D5D48B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">49.5–56.4</td>
+<td id="315EA4373A3E01131B9740D190F1D9F5" colspan="1" rowspan="1">43.7–55.3</td>
+<td id="6FE3D09690CDE8FF7F1A7FB3168E30C4" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Dilated</td>
+<td id="6281037DD328A3C3F11608D320056577" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="1A4A52C4F0A072D2411E932E0EFA7CFA" colspan="1" rowspan="1">II <IV <I <III</td>
+<td id="3841BB4D055BD0A7A952CDC8DC7E0A7A" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Dilated</td>
+<td id="C72019AC73B74334BCB1CB8879734FC3" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="5E1371B3A79579A60C0769D1004FD08B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Eye-snout</td>
+<td id="5A4ED94987563C12961F9CB2E472A146" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="8FA75F940DC8C2B203F5C9FB36A84E02" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Two on finger I</td>
+<td id="9DFA1D5A6C1656C323F0CF000EE9D0F4" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
+<td id="0E703E410D6D5259A3D0EDEE1F0D2B46" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
+<td id="508ADF18136E6E8537121F5E4F076275" colspan="1" rowspan="1">I: 1 + 2 / 1 + 1: II</td>
+<td id="D7C4ACC6A3FE2F3751CB59B26C518981" colspan="1" rowspan="1">1 single note</td>
+<td id="00501989DAF5D4EBD4F1466665208222" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
+<bibRefCitation id="0ED4033D99D3F6C11EA76570E1E56A1B" DOI="10.7717/peerj.7157" author="Li SZ & Wei G & Xu N & Cui JG & Fei L & Jiang JP & Liu J & Wang B" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Li" refId="B28" refString="Li SZ, Wei G, Xu N, Cui JG, Fei L, Jiang JP, Liu J, Wang B (2019) A new species of the Asian music frog genus Nidirana (Amphibia, Anura, Ranidae) from Southwestern China. PeerJ 7: e 7157. https://doi.org/10.7717/peerj.7157" year="2019">Li et al. (2019)</bibRefCitation>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr id="2260AF3B26F1A3552CDC3597FB4228F4">
+<td id="D1F9811310F09440D9AA1D6C80E235B9" colspan="1" rowspan="1">11</td>
+<td id="573FC403F3711BB405F2BAD4CAF8127D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
+<taxonomicName id="00BB6B74721243EAF00D4A8265D10C57" baseAuthorityName="Chou" baseAuthorityYear="1999" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="lini">
+<emphasis id="84AAF6892445C2E1303E017155C95969" italics="true">N. lini</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+</td>
+<td id="4755350D49AE42862C59B48A8D69AFCA" colspan="1" rowspan="1">44.1–63.1</td>
+<td id="C390BB2305D15B8B8BA5C0B66C9EB9A1" colspan="1" rowspan="1">57.7–68.6</td>
+<td id="6CA34F311B41DFC6A56B0DCE23695771" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Dilated</td>
+<td id="D126E25AC55ACB0845F4568D4DDC4CF5" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present except finger I</td>
+<td id="3B93E55A0A9F7AEC7CDA23858105036B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">II <I <IV <III</td>
+<td id="C607408E54BF50D6374F80F97C5BB45A" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Dilated</td>
+<td id="FE82A2455CEA3DDD9BC33BCBAA9CCCC3" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="43DB0118389B4D42FFB8C3559D8F9A33" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Beyond snout</td>
+<td id="1ECC394F40FF468D67208A4076494393" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="A270A84C7DD35FD4342A451C67F4F315" colspan="1" rowspan="1">One on finger I</td>
+<td id="1E2FFB90FF0F934703BB1538C5A20ABE" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Posterior</td>
+<td id="9D5758617428599CE46FD3B09E3473B1" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
+<td id="3479A1B16C15FCBE837867FE23AB34DB" colspan="1" rowspan="1">I: 1 + 1 / 1 + 1: II</td>
+<td id="EE0E126A92752035EA27AD93B369AD1C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">5–7 notes containing a specific first note</td>
+<td id="77842C50549B9FD1C23B6F7F7331ED52" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
+<bibRefCitation id="F5B9DBD4321AD2929B1E96403C3ABDC9" author="Chou WH" firstAuthor="Chou" journalOrPublisher="Herpetologica" pagination="389-400" refId="B11" refString="Chou WH (1999) A new frog of the genus Rana (Anura: Ranidae) from China. Herpetologica 55: 389–400." title="A new frog of the genus Rana (Anura: Ranidae) from China." volume="55" year="1999">Chou (1999)</bibRefCitation>
+;
+<bibRefCitation id="2D8B952E1C42F87E919E797B1708DB3D" DOI="10.1163/15685381-00003130" author="Lyu ZT & Zeng ZC & Wang J & Lin CY & Liu ZY & Wang YY" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Lyu" journalOrPublisher="Amphibia - Reptilia" pagination="483-502" refId="B33" refString="Lyu ZT, Zeng ZC, Wang J, Lin CY, Liu ZY, Wang YY (2017) Resurrection of genus Nidirana (Anura: Ranidae) and synonymizing N. caldwelli with N. adenopleura, with description of a new species from China. Amphibia - Reptilia 38: 483–502. https://doi.org/10.1163/15685381-00003130" title="Resurrection of genus Nidirana (Anura: Ranidae) and synonymizing N. caldwelli with N. adenopleura, with description of a new species from China." volume="38" year="2017">Lyu et al. (2017)</bibRefCitation>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr id="930754CAC56CDC5802021963706CFA51">
+<td id="842380E8652E27DD111519633D157C3B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">12</td>
+<td id="16E083FC0817BF05E5DEAE4C0C7633CD" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
+<taxonomicName id="794005C560D26A59DE20CF7D2140C1EA" authorityName="Lyu, Qi & Wang" authorityYear="2020" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="mangveni">
+<emphasis id="E8BE9FA6B05334CF661C727F6B6FA326" italics="true">N. mangveni</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+</td>
+<td id="8D21C4C47ED6CBFB35161D15C64F9919" colspan="1" rowspan="1">53.6–59.7</td>
+<td id="5E554EEDF6E668870C8448C25F09443F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">59.7–65.1</td>
+<td id="CB60FD711DB16AE3A7F2124B9BF66163" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Dilated</td>
+<td id="50FCDD0C1A0008BC69246EC888CD6AAB" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present on fingers III and IV</td>
+<td id="C810B2956CBF1184F7B7476F288AD8EF" colspan="1" rowspan="1">I <II <IV <III</td>
+<td id="7188E1EF3388C472BDBB8C6DCB92A20D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Dilated</td>
+<td id="4AD63F425C4F01FF8B00F638659EBB4B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="D5D672FF9A6E0D23C1A25262E9F9A3FA" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Anterior corner of eye</td>
+<td id="5BEC60259976DAAA284384646243D9E2" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="CD9AEB190F6AA9ADE7BEF77BE6A38489" colspan="1" rowspan="1">One on finger I</td>
+<td id="B6968043E3E7EC77D99297061C523053" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Entire or posterior</td>
+<td id="A82421DEAE6EEEC87E161A371C79FC34" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
+<td id="3F59F9BB626602B045FE49BCD96A1832" colspan="1" rowspan="1">?</td>
+<td id="02B1CCAC668E0601D462FB9A3AA9153D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">2–7 regular notes</td>
+<td id="D81CC9F913DAFD35B341BA7308B0C4CD" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
+<bibRefCitation id="2304F900815116878D50BB87D57F8474" DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4861.1.3" author="Lyu ZT & Chen Y & Yang JH & Zeng ZC & Wang J & Zhao J & Wan H & Pang H & Wang YY" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pagination="43-62" refId="B35" refString="Lyu ZT, Chen Y, Yang JH, Zeng ZC, Wang J, Zhao J, Wan H, Pang H, Wang YY (2020 a) A new species of Nidirana from the N. pleuraden group (Anura, Ranidae) from western Yunnan, China. Zootaxa 4861: 43–62. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4861.1.3" title="A new species of Nidirana from the N. pleuraden group (Anura, Ranidae) from western Yunnan, China." volume="4861">Lyu et al. (2020 a</bibRefCitation>
+)
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr id="E122A7F1070E72DE103EE25981951182">
+<td id="9CDD631F807059061923BB9C1640E89A" colspan="1" rowspan="1">13</td>
+<td id="4BE0B215AB98E7AB5FD24E22D35BC6E9" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
+<taxonomicName id="53B1121A37C71D104D053F7D1B894E53" authorityName="Lyu, Zeng, Wang, Lin, Liu & Wang" authorityYear="2017" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="nankunensis">
+<emphasis id="1A94712FE6981080E3B8555B77C6D712" italics="true">N. nankunensis</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+</td>
+<td id="4E2F2742F6F4533A6D1A4DB92211407B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">33.3–37.1</td>
+<td id="ACA4514E1069EDAC93A44C2B66613479" colspan="1" rowspan="1">37.8–39.5</td>
+<td id="1B7CC4F6D9EE4D15277DCCDDBDAF2740" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Dilated</td>
+<td id="2A7B7561201E46E7D44280595729631D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present except finger I</td>
+<td id="C4AB9763751584B831021FED765BF54B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">II <I <IV <III</td>
+<td id="001DF600C6E80499302EC610B4E15939" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Dilated</td>
+<td id="55BB0A040E0529FD82F63F2A662528DA" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="F336E21F31C2719D928975703FDBBB28" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Nostril</td>
+<td id="09486DFE6E8CC8CEDDF16F83FC2211E3" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="50134FB6611F650D83CB0E7AEE1409BB" colspan="1" rowspan="1">One on finger I</td>
+<td id="7A74157D746777C2A76A60060BD8534C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Absent or few above vent</td>
+<td id="65337A24EEB5EC2D1F21285DA35DC185" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="13EDF18DE5CE04D59A6C6D1D63E2B742" colspan="1" rowspan="1">I: 1 + 1 / 1 + 1: II</td>
+<td id="E7A4DB51848D5F1863F6125191D98C5E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">13–15 notes containing a specific first note</td>
+<td id="0767F6E9F267582A9AA0EAF7ED078FAB" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
+<bibRefCitation id="8042BF9624FB2A66D5042EF2C992C004" DOI="10.1163/15685381-00003130" author="Lyu ZT & Zeng ZC & Wang J & Lin CY & Liu ZY & Wang YY" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Lyu" journalOrPublisher="Amphibia - Reptilia" pagination="483-502" refId="B33" refString="Lyu ZT, Zeng ZC, Wang J, Lin CY, Liu ZY, Wang YY (2017) Resurrection of genus Nidirana (Anura: Ranidae) and synonymizing N. caldwelli with N. adenopleura, with description of a new species from China. Amphibia - Reptilia 38: 483–502. https://doi.org/10.1163/15685381-00003130" title="Resurrection of genus Nidirana (Anura: Ranidae) and synonymizing N. caldwelli with N. adenopleura, with description of a new species from China." volume="38" year="2017">Lyu et al. (2017)</bibRefCitation>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr id="50EBAC991DFA9D4CA4E8170F57AB33FB">
+<td id="4943559EBEB084936DAA9828A3E30EEE" colspan="1" rowspan="1">14</td>
+<td id="6661B0F2F20A8618F3852F150C7C6D1F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
+<taxonomicName id="C38C92EB9B34FAD647BC81B014DB30C8" authorityName="Lyu, Yang & Wang" authorityYear="2020" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="occidentalis">
+<emphasis id="C9A24098152249BAE4823120180C10AA" italics="true">N. occidentalis</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+</td>
+<td id="4D576334816295FC953AD25CF293E52C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">44.5–53.0</td>
+<td id="93F070767A531990186208573561E1CE" colspan="1" rowspan="1">55.6–61.3</td>
+<td id="367E308E0FA123DBCCB78C53FD1B36C7" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Not dilated</td>
+<td id="32AA289158ED23AAC7E0440FF17A2D68" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
+<td id="1ECE2A7F55693A3CD02CE0B5006E1125" colspan="1" rowspan="1">II <I <IV <III</td>
+<td id="E4A0632BED7B652DE402C836BCC74487" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Not dilated</td>
+<td id="40FB3CC722B725BD038B346D4D3AA514" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
+<td id="D6BBD967C790E11084EA899EFC196ECE" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Eye</td>
+<td id="2683A2933711EB047BDA0BA08893C0E6" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="309C0D7FA57D312539D3DFE29CCDB6E8" colspan="1" rowspan="1">One on finger I</td>
+<td id="BB3FE08ABEA26D26EE519CB231F3FB82" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Posterior</td>
+<td id="A50E3D180A2EA65854D0FB202A2409BE" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
+<td id="07E5C0C68F6E3498CB4F920691A154FC" colspan="1" rowspan="1">?</td>
+<td id="1AFB53C64A0F28D1F60D6D3D74A7EE17" colspan="1" rowspan="1">3–5 regular notes</td>
+<td id="E6124AA8FF62A6AA7FF865FA7B69AC0F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
+<bibRefCitation id="2D7D83B17036C4498050D08BE6D80DFE" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.914.36604" author="Lyu ZT & Dai KY & Li Y & Wan H & Liu ZY & Qi S & Lin SM & Wang J & Li YL & Zeng YJ & Li PP & Pang H & Wang YY" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="127-159" refId="B36" refString="Lyu ZT, Dai KY, Li Y, Wan H, Liu ZY, Qi S, Lin SM, Wang J, Li YL, Zeng YJ, Li PP, Pang H, Wang YY (2020 b) Comprehensive approaches reveal three cryptic species of genus Nidirana (Anura, Ranidae) from China. ZooKeys 914: 127–159. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.914.36604" title="Comprehensive approaches reveal three cryptic species of genus Nidirana (Anura, Ranidae) from China." volume="914">Lyu et al. (2020 b</bibRefCitation>
+)
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr id="A1072144EF2109F717111FA17A418F57">
+<td id="D84AFDACBA2788892CF9DB3C8E1F4AE0" colspan="1" rowspan="1">15</td>
+<td id="17A5734FCB36F7F1074B350C282CF163" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
+<taxonomicName id="6BBFBA543CD66534DBB629FA3F2E19F9" baseAuthorityName="Boulenger" baseAuthorityYear="1904" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="pleuraden">
+<emphasis id="C941B073786E2A72576E199A639F4DA2" italics="true">N. pleuraden</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+</td>
+<td id="82A2F578D13CBC04F2EFE00440CDED2F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">46.2–52.3</td>
+<td id="C7C3734A9E659BFA97F862BD265F9594" colspan="1" rowspan="1">46.9–61.7</td>
+<td id="82BE95AA3F24ACA8B6C9D823ED569AD6" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Not dilated</td>
+<td id="316F17679DEC2C45CA0AE24037E5F9A4" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
+<td id="E0EFD9194DE1DABB72B824A50395701E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">II <I <IV <III</td>
+<td id="D7D94064DB5B357BF94012D6A1B8BC76" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Not dilated</td>
+<td id="8F0FC093C18E820C69A1DB73BE2661D8" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
+<td id="17E19D78EA816FA1FC9BE4E620AA9AFD" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Nostril</td>
+<td id="B09CC3A549F4C2B1601A20B2D9942423" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="60F1CE58923662B88830CECBD04A2259" colspan="1" rowspan="1">One on finger I</td>
+<td id="39A7FC10AA931E6558B9D17B24DCA52B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Posterior</td>
+<td id="3AA85528A45004AA12465C7151E354B2" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
+<td id="19D32BD526922DEE792872F1E9C1C6DC" colspan="1" rowspan="1">I: 1 + 1 / 1 + 1: II</td>
+<td id="8B084426C59B69151B2E893A90CF768D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">1–4 regular notes</td>
+<td id="334B7341FFDF7EB2702B247718C4E74B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
+<bibRefCitation id="9EB0A116BDCAD5BF0C0F58CC4E81A9C7" DOI="10.1163/15685381-00003130" author="Lyu" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Lyu" journalOrPublisher="Amphibia - Reptilia" pagination="483-502" refId="B33" refString="Lyu ZT, Zeng ZC, Wang J, Lin CY, Liu ZY, Wang YY (2017) Resurrection of genus Nidirana (Anura: Ranidae) and synonymizing N. caldwelli with N. adenopleura, with description of a new species from China. Amphibia - Reptilia 38: 483–502. https://doi.org/10.1163/15685381-00003130" title="Resurrection of genus Nidirana (Anura: Ranidae) and synonymizing N. caldwelli with N. adenopleura, with description of a new species from China." volume="38" year="2017">Lyu et al. (2017</bibRefCitation>
+,
+<bibRefCitation id="91B93977C029E76614F10EAEE54EE3AB" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.914.36604" author="Lyu ZT & Dai KY & Li Y & Wan H & Liu ZY & Qi S & Lin SM & Wang J & Li YL & Zeng YJ & Li PP & Pang H & Wang YY" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="127-159" refId="B36" refString="Lyu ZT, Dai KY, Li Y, Wan H, Liu ZY, Qi S, Lin SM, Wang J, Li YL, Zeng YJ, Li PP, Pang H, Wang YY (2020 b) Comprehensive approaches reveal three cryptic species of genus Nidirana (Anura, Ranidae) from China. ZooKeys 914: 127–159. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.914.36604" title="Comprehensive approaches reveal three cryptic species of genus Nidirana (Anura, Ranidae) from China." volume="914">2020 b</bibRefCitation>
+)
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr id="CFFFA4E08D6A20C7DFBF86E576DC4AA8">
+<td id="A570F562780113A0C2BBF8ED06A4553C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">16</td>
+<td id="6DFB8A654090F75E8B3371DDDF2FA1C7" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
+<taxonomicName id="B3645C2819AD8EE22D488576AF72E605" authorityName="Chen, Peng, Li & Liu" authorityYear="2022" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shiwandashanensis">
+<emphasis id="676C2EC5454F3C0DFAD457CED7897858" italics="true">N. shiwandashanensis</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+</td>
+<td id="DAEB8155EED262A676BEFF2CF466CF31" colspan="1" rowspan="1">46.2–50.8</td>
+<td id="4806155D538E1770C42AF8562FEDF61B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">48.3</td>
+<td id="CB175F212CC1DEF770C261D460FE7168" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Dilated</td>
+<td id="46F11C0C9223765E43224947F1A9DF2A" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="A873398BD8E668DCC271483B0E3EBD81" colspan="1" rowspan="1">II <IV <I <III</td>
+<td id="5B2E0A1470B98D0FF1E1B6D4C6064963" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Dilated</td>
+<td id="972E11981A65F25FFA686B0130CB6D33" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="93B28CC8D5EC0C888E6853BE1DDE6D76" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Eye</td>
+<td id="473E71EC40CBCB3EAB08A91C2B42ED5D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="49E3FBA9C9CE8649E24F514CEA5FA0A5" colspan="1" rowspan="1">One on finger I</td>
+<td id="3F54FA77A37E35946B8EC0C73FA9726D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
+<td id="B29B7FC0224DCB3A145C2C47AE7EE9EB" colspan="1" rowspan="1">?</td>
+<td id="F53E2C9D3702143EE173E875E8BDC566" colspan="1" rowspan="1">I: 1 + 1 / 1 + 1: II</td>
+<td id="FE576787AC300A21938E54A6FA278587" colspan="1" rowspan="1">6–8 double notes</td>
+<td id="71B7F5C640E044A00B68783B8CF431B9" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Chen et al. (2022)</td>
+</tr>
+<tr id="B2874E2D21BC536F4A460C655E7B09B0">
+<td id="991F6AC52340ED3E215061F7C878939B" colspan="1" rowspan="1">17</td>
+<td id="F0F86D1857EBF7BEE376D805D1F9CB29" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
+<taxonomicName id="360F439CA87DD3663CA2641F04F3B741" authorityName="Lyu & Wang" authorityYear="2020" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="xiangica">
+<emphasis id="450874A573D552ED556C70BFB3699663" italics="true">N. xiangica</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+</td>
+<td id="D55B8B838654D6C92DEFAFCA5DE6ACC4" colspan="1" rowspan="1">56.3–62.3</td>
+<td id="C79CEE93CF5F6B435CBA63B282751AAE" colspan="1" rowspan="1">53.5–62.6</td>
+<td id="8148C056249E0AAF5788E3524089FB5C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Dilated</td>
+<td id="F85DE6072F233F697C383CE3D6222A71" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="DA811B3A8710468A788C2A71AC90AC02" colspan="1" rowspan="1">II <I <IV <III</td>
+<td id="132DE44CF166429348D11ABB46B9EE9A" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Dilated</td>
+<td id="C5C47BCD14597700AF5036E4B2AB332A" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="583FB3CF8AAA9D454974A17C1A454F2C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Eye-snout</td>
+<td id="D0FE501E502B76C9556FE6324ED8C6CA" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="7FD1FF895FBFEFEF1893FD279CE9502A" colspan="1" rowspan="1">One on finger I</td>
+<td id="B70A072DD426341ED54631E98E1670BF" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Entire</td>
+<td id="173E3998AEF30BE14FEF467DE1CAC0FA" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
+<td id="2CD30BCDDE388D2F934773E44B12E566" colspan="1" rowspan="1">?</td>
+<td id="3F13353E6A2224C8D5910041BCEB9A23" colspan="1" rowspan="1">2–3 notes containing a specific first note</td>
+<td id="20E81A53A5BDC95A01274B7B50522E37" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
+<bibRefCitation id="BF7A0E1D0AA646F9D0C672DAA84B5101" DOI="10.11646/zootaxa.4861.1.3" author="Lyu ZT & Chen Y & Yang JH & Zeng ZC & Wang J & Zhao J & Wan H & Pang H & Wang YY" journalOrPublisher="Zootaxa" pagination="43-62" refId="B35" refString="Lyu ZT, Chen Y, Yang JH, Zeng ZC, Wang J, Zhao J, Wan H, Pang H, Wang YY (2020 a) A new species of Nidirana from the N. pleuraden group (Anura, Ranidae) from western Yunnan, China. Zootaxa 4861: 43–62. https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4861.1.3" title="A new species of Nidirana from the N. pleuraden group (Anura, Ranidae) from western Yunnan, China." volume="4861">Lyu et al. (2020 a</bibRefCitation>
+)
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr id="E9005B50DA862B1FE61361E5216E2E7C">
+<td id="D7A94092E6411A52D6C9814682068338" colspan="1" rowspan="1">18</td>
+<td id="2FC5C7B01EB487E4BDDC95942DA9F778" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
+<taxonomicName id="2233C0E362D8E11812443ACD0F32AB04" authorityName="Lyu, Mo, Wan, Li, Pang & Wang" authorityYear="2019" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yaoica">
+<emphasis id="F7726DB69DAB170A68F4B80DD3EDD589" italics="true">N. yaoica</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+</td>
+<td id="E2C4F7972C8005D038219E75688540B2" colspan="1" rowspan="1">42.1–45.6</td>
+<td id="E67181DAFC0E914961668940EB515EC0" colspan="1" rowspan="1">?</td>
+<td id="95EC878DB5B4A9A7C34468F98A57FE3D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Dilated</td>
+<td id="1AEFBBA509C7410BFF453B32F812BB5E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="B6A5FA906B1D7E41C165C9A57B8DE063" colspan="1" rowspan="1">II <I <IV <III</td>
+<td id="52E9309A24E4CAF16CC6FFADBA0637DD" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Dilated</td>
+<td id="598D277BAC64149F9554395E1EB776ED" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="287E75212CDF2817BD3FB447EFCC337A" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Nostril</td>
+<td id="A89F252D1AE69AD1E1CAEEDEA459A6F4" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="04D808AA516FA1B467B1A5823EF5B02F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">One on finger I</td>
+<td id="C06AAE3365B5BCC600C737EF2903165D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
+<td id="7DDD47EB827E4F5AEA1AE073DD15A6DF" colspan="1" rowspan="1">? (Probably present)</td>
+<td id="C5C012DC2CF7EDD12B6604129077AE4A" colspan="1" rowspan="1">?</td>
+<td id="3B2A7481B452BCB229A8EDD21FC7B359" colspan="1" rowspan="1">1–3 fast repeated regular notes</td>
+<td id="F41BD93D8283C05300F06FD45E4E1780" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
+<bibRefCitation id="112AC17F158EFB1C1807593380BA7FF0" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.858.34363" author="Lyu ZT & Mo YM & Wan H & Li YL & Pang H & Wang YY" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Lyu" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="109-126" refId="B34" refString="Lyu ZT, Mo YM, Wan H, Li YL, Pang H, Wang YY (2019) Description of a new species of music frogs (Anura, Ranidae, Nidirana) from Mt Dayao, southern China. ZooKeys 858: 109–126. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.858.34363" title="Description of a new species of music frogs (Anura, Ranidae, Nidirana) from Mt Dayao, southern China." volume="858" year="2019">Lyu et al. (2019)</bibRefCitation>
+</td>
+</tr>
+<tr id="9871D1418B24D76262EE419DA72ECB27">
+<td id="A27D13C50AE36275F4E464C6C88569B0" colspan="1" rowspan="1">19</td>
+<td id="1C8EF6A2E5010FFA53A7CFDD91886AB8" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
+<taxonomicName id="445C6FC6C14C7FE38413A04A366727F2" authorityName="Wei, Li, Liu, Cheng, Xu & Wang" authorityYear="2020" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="yeae">
+<emphasis id="59141B0B8F763A988EECD9BE9A160D16" italics="true">N. yeae</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+</td>
+<td id="61421D8275E334EFF57B11FB5EFB5C63" colspan="1" rowspan="1">41.2–43.5</td>
+<td id="4DC60E523A26DE6A9383CF4FD3ACB6A0" colspan="1" rowspan="1">44.7</td>
+<td id="C55607EAEDF9E8A66A5B2B393A95F7E1" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Dilated</td>
+<td id="9DE792AE986B45BD2EBFDA76C5563F2C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
+<td id="D4D46628B9AA88627A0F2BCC53678E48" colspan="1" rowspan="1">II <IV <I <III</td>
+<td id="C973A688EE19686C178D0CF7CE0DBB6C" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Dilated</td>
+<td id="3414FAB8CA28A08BC679D4834B0B88D4" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="181E9FC4C8933D891CF50BF8990EE021" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Eye</td>
+<td id="008D2F2369C2D860A832B429B2C36312" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Present</td>
+<td id="E77CF52623602824B4780774F7667572" colspan="1" rowspan="1">One on finger I</td>
+<td id="DD09EA58C3AB80A4F39BB12355F1BE6D" colspan="1" rowspan="1">Absent</td>
+<td id="C5128CFDE607736DF5820D3B5B0AF67E" colspan="1" rowspan="1">? (Probably present)</td>
+<td id="AB28BE93AD6F8C5A39858F118D08ED49" colspan="1" rowspan="1">I: 1 + 1 / 1 + 1: II</td>
+<td id="FDF88A9DF5467DBB3CED38ECA70E4FC4" colspan="1" rowspan="1">2–6 notes containing a specific first note</td>
+<td id="C24800A06A817B537278A9178720D65F" colspan="1" rowspan="1">
+<bibRefCitation id="AF7AFC0EEE089FFF858A9EE3658D9E4C" DOI="10.3897/zookeys.904.39161" author="Wei G & Li SZ & Liu J & Cheng YL & Xu N & Wang B" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Wei" journalOrPublisher="ZooKeys" pagination="63-87" refId="B54" refString="Wei G, Li SZ, Liu J, Cheng YL, Xu N, Wang B (2020) A new species of the music frog Nidirana (Anura, Ranidae) from Guizhou Province, China. ZooKeys 904: 63–87. https://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.904.39161" title="A new species of the music frog Nidirana (Anura, Ranidae) from Guizhou Province, China." volume="904" year="2020">Wei et al. (2020)</bibRefCitation>
+</td>
+</tr>
+</tbody>
+</table>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="FD2EEFEB4F7CD3168C5E548CAD2152CA">
+<emphasis id="A31B430D760FAE781E7C966378DA2D5F" bold="true">
+<emphasis id="BF9B792108AF44DEA40017869CC3A1BE" bold="true" italics="true">Call properties</emphasis>
+.
+</emphasis>
+Mating calls of
+<taxonomicName id="3B1E91D23BAA92687F935B110DF859C5" authorityName="Lin & Chang & Matsui & Shen & Tominaga & Lin" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shyhhuangi" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="3C53C7754B5E5E496D40321D1AFC93CD" italics="true">Nidirana shyhhuangi</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="5E090D6707AFB6DD85C3873DAD28C8FB" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+comprises quick, continuous, and regular pulses lasting 1.5–2.7 sec (1.808 ± 0.285 sec;
+<emphasis id="24C469CD5030E4CA48DFE3D1EE08AE7A" italics="true">n</emphasis>
+= 8) (Table
+<tableCitation id="9D483241F7D140AE33AE5E8494761466" captionStart="Table 3" captionStartId="T3" captionText="Table 3. Acoustic comparison between Nidirana shyhhuangi sp. nov. (n = 8) and N. okinavana (n = 7) at temperature 25 ° C – 27 ° C." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/CEA69AFAF480644F7C668E5467D17C45" tableUuid="CEA69AFAF480644F7C668E5467D17C45">3</tableCitation>
+, Fig.
+<figureCitation id="FD1FECDB785803B62E3059646255FDBD" captionStart="Figure 6" captionStartId="F6" captionText="Figure 6. Mating calls of Nidirana shyhhuangi sp. nov. comprise quick, continuous, and regular pulses lasting 1.5–2.7 sec (1.808 ± 0.285 sec). Majority (> 85 %) of a single call comprises 16–30 pulses (19.7 ± 5.0), with some cases reaching 32 pulses. Dominant frequency of the calls ranges between 800–900 Hz (840.5 ± 24.7)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1229.139344.figure6" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264834">6</figureCitation>
+; Suppl. materials
+<xref id="3A0AEFD2D5968C4F6B62BDD1F1A759AB" ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="S2">S 2</xref>
+–
+<xref id="B0A62FC5ABAA1D94A03691B6DA730A5E" ref-type="supplementary-material" rid="S4">S 4</xref>
+). The majority (> 85 %) of a single call comprises 16–30 pulses, with some cases reaching 32 pulses. The dominant frequency of the calls usually ranges between 800–900 Hz (840.5 ± 24.7). Compared to the closely related
+<taxonomicName id="C56ECA6624DA469161F825AAF0933FDE" baseAuthorityName="Chou" baseAuthorityYear="1994" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="okinavana">
+<emphasis id="668276E80096F635FE4F4CCDAE201576" italics="true">N. okinavana</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+,
+<taxonomicName id="D5E4530C3D2D5A145F307FFAC78777E4" authorityName="Lin & Chang & Matsui & Shen & Tominaga & Lin" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shyhhuangi" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="C6F084E214373941902BD6C7A7D061AC" italics="true">Nidirana shyhhuangi</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="07DC14489F1DFF1995065004EA2432A6" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+is characterized for its higher pulse number (19.7 ± 5.0 vs. 15.8 ± 1.6,
+<emphasis id="BACD2719C87896116D7BA86E6EC56F77" italics="true">P</emphasis>
+= 0.0561), higher pulse frequency (10.8 ± 1.0 pulses / sec vs. 8.4 ± 0.3 pulses / sec,
+<emphasis id="2FA4AFACCFE77AAD4FDF8474F71D7ACA" italics="true">P</emphasis>
+<0.01), and higher dominant frequency (840.5 ± 24.7 Hz vs. 723.4 ± 63.7 Hz,
+<emphasis id="070D786B3A682BF5063461D4823E7186" italics="true">P</emphasis>
+<0.01).
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="94E2E96055D49797100210D6D2B3AD07">
+<emphasis id="50EF8DD802CBF5B10EA7BE69ACC89F4C" bold="true">
+<emphasis id="387AE74D616EE1460E0107D8BFCADDA2" bold="true" italics="true">Tadpole description</emphasis>
+.
+</emphasis>
+Measurements at Gosner stage 30 (
+<emphasis id="3DFBA1E563ED4662C735038194621D2C" italics="true">n</emphasis>
+= 1, in mm):
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0ETBBK" xlink_title="total length">TOL</abbrev>
+41.5,
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EXBBK" xlink_title="snout–vent length">SVL</abbrev>
+13.9,
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0E2BBK" xlink_title="aximum body width">BW</abbrev>
+8.9,
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0E6BBK" xlink_title="maximum body height">BH</abbrev>
+6.2,
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EDCBK" xlink_title="tail length">TAL</abbrev>
+26.8,
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EHCBK" xlink_title="tail height">TAH</abbrev>
+6.7,
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0ELCBK" xlink_title="tail base width">TBW</abbrev>
+3.6, SNL 3.1,
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EPCBK" xlink_title="snout–spiracle length">SS</abbrev>
+8.2,
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0ETCBK" xlink_title="interorbital distance">IOD</abbrev>
+3.5.
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="A77FA99F0C2664A40E6AEAC760B40BA6">
+In life, the body oval and dorsally flattened, with body width exceeding body height (
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EZCBK" xlink_title="aximum body width">BW</abbrev>
+/
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0E4CBK" xlink_title="maximum body height">BH</abbrev>
+= 1.44) (Fig.
+<figureCitation id="2E4BC22FA12D1A32D3CC43199DA8A179" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. The tadpole of Nidirana shyhhuangi sp. nov. at Gosner stage 30. Photographed by CFL (A, B, D) and Da-Chaun Yeh (C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1229.139344.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264836">9</figureCitation>
+). Both body and tail pale yellowish brown, covered with dense, minute golden dots, with several brown spots on dorsum and tail. Tail fusiform, ~ 1.93 × snout – vent length, with a height comprising 25.0 % of total tail length. Dorsal fin originates before base of tail. Eyes lateral, nostrils situated near snout. Spiracle located on left side of body, directed dorso-posteriorly. Labial tooth row formula 1: 1 + 1 / 1 + 1: 2, with lower lips bearing more labial papillae than upper (Fig.
+<figureCitation id="CBBB3EB1B255BC240830D0D13B263E49" captionStart="Figure 9" captionStartId="F9" captionText="Figure 9. The tadpole of Nidirana shyhhuangi sp. nov. at Gosner stage 30. Photographed by CFL (A, B, D) and Da-Chaun Yeh (C)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1229.139344.figure9" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264836">9 A, B</figureCitation>
+).
+</paragraph>
+<caption id="C9FC799CAF5BAB21C1AC6EFBCF6B9151" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1229.139344.figure9" ID-arpha="020AA6B2-F937-50D5-A93C-B6382C8BAEDB" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264836" startId="F9">
+<paragraph id="780098C9B4ABF8D1185A43AC17248390">
+<label id="BAE8402A136397255B70B6D589AD5F4A">Figure 9.</label>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="05E868C8E01DE2F82979184A2CD8E314">
+The tadpole of
+<taxonomicName id="0E113A82A89C7A8EC19FF2B517CF8804" authorityName="Lin & Chang & Matsui & Shen & Tominaga & Lin" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shyhhuangi" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="830FE602BE96AC18503E574E67F62F92" italics="true">Nidirana shyhhuangi</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="092C5A010C7D9C8FB66C56264E6FA117" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+at Gosner stage 30. Photographed by CFL (
+<emphasis id="FF471539F68D4F80B9C8499B9DEC20A2" bold="true">A, B, D</emphasis>
+) and Da-Chaun Yeh (
+<emphasis id="5F89B076549A390965D0FF21C65AC3C0" bold="true">C</emphasis>
+).
+</paragraph>
+</caption>
+<paragraph id="4B977A087173865A673C30E13F14F99D">
+After 40 days of growth, all tadpoles reached a maximum
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EHEBK" xlink_title="total length">TOL</abbrev>
+of
+<quantity id="3A1E545089028883C395ED026276D255" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.35" metricValueMax="5.4" metricValueMin="5.3" unit="mm" value="53.5" valueMax="54.0" valueMin="53.0">53–54 mm</quantity>
+(
+<emphasis id="9FFBE73F1091771DC9DC860CD8092325" italics="true">n</emphasis>
+= 30). By days 45–49, the tail had fully regressed, and the
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0ENEBK" xlink_title="snout–vent length">SVL</abbrev>
+of froglets measured
+<quantity id="D9B2DB9CDB8184F9495A43CAD8C528F6" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.8" metricValueMax="1.81" metricValueMin="1.7899999999999998" unit="mm" value="18.0" valueMax="18.1" valueMin="17.9">17.9–18.1 mm</quantity>
+(
+<emphasis id="B4A1E3FC181F2D3F1B7CD6180CBF4EEA" italics="true">n</emphasis>
+= 30). For comparison,
+<taxonomicName id="A2DBC5B405582F8D8B44CF9F76F831E9" baseAuthorityName="Chou" baseAuthorityYear="1994" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="okinavana">
+<emphasis id="1ABE61640CE6D07ED038AFCDBC5ED8AC" italics="true">N. okinavana</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+tadpoles in
+<collectingCountry id="643B77D4128FA7B27098E980FDC159EF" name="Japan">Japan</collectingCountry>
+undergo metamorphosis at a
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0E5EBK" xlink_title="snout–vent length">SVL</abbrev>
+of ~
+<quantity id="8E1FA3E1053A47E706EEDB1E6932AEC1" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="mm" value="20.0">20 mm</quantity>
+, with a maximum
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0ECFBK" xlink_title="total length">TOL</abbrev>
+of ~
+<quantity id="10A8279B7A530F96A3D14A275F0C3D20" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" unit="mm" value="70.0">70 mm</quantity>
+(
+<bibRefCitation id="9679D8F6B7989279D31D536AD3976C91" DOI="10.2307/1446514" author="Maeda and Matsui" firstAuthor="Maeda" journalOrPublisher=", Tokyo, Japan" refId="B40" refString="Maeda N, Matsui M (1990) Frogs and Toads of Japan, 2 nd edn. Bun-Ichi Sogo Shuppan Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan, 206 pp. https://doi.org/10.2307/1446514" title="Frogs and Toads of Japan, 2 nd edn. Bun-Ichi Sogo Shuppan Co., Ltd." year="1990">Maeda and Matsui 1990</bibRefCitation>
+;
+<bibRefCitation id="AF27AAA0FAB7F9B44182B1D920722D7D" author="Matsui and Maeda" firstAuthor="Matsui" journalOrPublisher=", Tokyo, Japan" refId="B43" refString="Matsui M, Maeda N (2018) Encyclopedia of Japanese Frogs. Bun-Ichi Sogo Shuppan Co., Ltd., Tokyo, Japan, 272 pp." title="Encyclopedia of Japanese Frogs. Bun-Ichi Sogo Shuppan Co., Ltd." year="2018">Matsui and Maeda 2018</bibRefCitation>
+), and froglets 20.0 ±
+<quantity id="2F56D3CCB860B8A4BA0A3EDCC047F18B" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.0" unit="mm" value="0.3">0.3 mm</quantity>
+(mean ± SD) in
+<abbrev id="ABBRID0EOFBK" xlink_title="snout–vent length">SVL</abbrev>
+immediately after tail absorption (
+<bibRefCitation id="07D18EAE383B30BA1D33BB1F1BDCE054" author="Kuramoto" firstAuthor="Kuramoto" journalOrPublisher="Herpetologica" pagination="150-158" refId="B27" refString="Kuramoto M (1985) A new frog (genus Rana) from the Yaeyama Group of the Ryukyu Islands. Herpetologica 41: 150–158." title="A new frog (genus Rana) from the Yaeyama Group of the Ryukyu Islands." volume="41" year="1985">Kuramoto 1985</bibRefCitation>
+).
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+<subSubSection id="SECID0EWFBK" type="distribution">
+<paragraph id="01A0DB2B801B204905E357073743824D">
+<heading id="34E5B62531AB65545D9536932D53C515" reason="title">Distribution and natural habitats.</heading>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="18378233E926F6EC699BC2D0CBEED0A9">
+<taxonomicName id="BA4CFCAA655E76F91553D9C9EE3D33CE" authorityName="Lin & Chang & Matsui & Shen & Tominaga & Lin" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shyhhuangi" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="B56DCC5804568CBC270D87FD59822389" italics="true">Nidirana shyhhuangi</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="DB8BA8BE3256F8B12C58C5EFE3FC322A" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+is only known from two sites: Lienhuachih and Xiangshan (Sun Moon Lake). A past report from Jiaoxi Township in
+<collectingRegion id="396A117D60FDEB88F665F218E5491B82" country="Taiwan" name="Yilan">Yilan County</collectingRegion>
+(e. g.,
+<bibRefCitation id="72B5CE99217A183682E95B51CEEABADF" author="Shang" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Shang" journalOrPublisher="Owl Publishing, Taipei, Taiwan" refId="B49" refString="Shang G, Li PH, Yang YJ (2009) . A field guide to amphibians and reptiles in Taiwan. Owl Publishing, Taipei, Taiwan, 336 pp." title=". A field guide to amphibians and reptiles in Taiwan." year="2009">Shang et al. 2009</bibRefCitation>
+;
+<bibRefCitation id="6C879A49F97F9AE1D93381FBBFADF9C7" author="Fei" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Fei" journalOrPublisher="Sichuan Publishing Group, Sichuan Publishing House of Science & Technology, Chengdu, China" refId="B17" refString="Fei L, Ye CY, Jiang JP (2010) Colored atlas of Chinse amphibians. Sichuan Publishing Group, Sichuan Publishing House of Science & Technology, Chengdu, China, 519 pp." title="Colored atlas of Chinse amphibians." year="2010">Fei et al. 2010</bibRefCitation>
+;
+<bibRefCitation id="0D828C59A16C7F3ED4AC5A8DED9BF8E8" author="Fei" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Fei" journalOrPublisher="Sichuan Publishing Group, Sichuan Publishing House of Science & Technology, Chengdu, China" refId="B18" refString="Fei L, Ye CY, Jiang JP (2012) Colored atlas of Chinse amphibians and their distributions. Sichuan Publishing Group, Sichuan Publishing House of Science & Technology, Chengdu, China, 619 pp." title="Colored atlas of Chinse amphibians and their distributions." year="2012">Fei et al. 2012</bibRefCitation>
+;
+<bibRefCitation id="CD97240CF2178A60107FCCB35B78F77B" author="Yang and Li" firstAuthor="Yang" journalOrPublisher="Owl Publishing, Taipei, Taiwan" refId="B57" refString="Yang YJ, Li PH (2019) A field guide to the frogs and tadpole of Taiwan. Owl Publishing, Taipei, Taiwan, 192 pp." title="A field guide to the frogs and tadpole of Taiwan." year="2019">Yang and Li 2019</bibRefCitation>
+) has been thoroughly investigated by local researchers, but this site could not be confirmed despite multiple surveys (S. - H. Chen, pers. comm.,
+<date id="440508000D81EF9FF4A91829FAE9E1B4" value="2024-07-02">2 July 2024</date>
+to SML).
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="8C04AA07041763801AE12D792EB952A9">
+The habitat of Lienhuachih population (~
+<quantity id="B2FE07790C243A2F4D9ACBEF54187405" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.7" unit="m" value="670.0">670 m</quantity>
+a. s. l.), discovered by Shyh-Huang Chen in 1984, is composed of ponds and patchy bamboo forests surrounded by typical low-elevation
+<taxonomicName id="ADB135145B863BC7DEA390A72AE50710" authorityName="Roding" authorityYear="1798" class="Gastropoda" family="Ficidae" genus="Ficus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Littorinimorpha" phylum="Mollusca" rank="genus">
+<emphasis id="A6246343546AC0A41857826A04938341" italics="true">Ficus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+-
+<taxonomicName id="472F4244E1B690340AC035C25C9BB090" class="Magnoliopsida" family="Lauraceae" genus="Machilus" kingdom="Plantae" order="Laurales" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="genus">
+<emphasis id="87983AB42034198221F89DCAF0238484" italics="true">Machilus</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+forests (Fig.
+<figureCitation id="D93BA87F90B691289D35F2D979F2EE39" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. A type locality of Nidirana shyhhuangi sp. nov. in Lienhuachih (23.92082 ° N, 120.88585 ° E), Yuchi Township, Nantou County, Taiwan B a mud nest with an opening diameter of ~ 0.8 cm. The white arrow indicates the position of the opening. Photographed by CFL." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1229.139344.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264837">10 A</figureCitation>
+). Water continuously seeps into the pond from the mountain hollow, keeping the pond at a stable water level. The substrate of the habitat remains moist and waterlogged throughout the year due to continuous water flow or hydrostatic pressure, with the soil being soft and highly absorbent. The soil texture in this area is yellow laterite soil with a topsoil of gray-brown sandy loam and subsoil composed of clay mixed with rock fragments (
+<bibRefCitation id="36CC57CB9FFC67DD33505807F75DCDCC" author="Koh" etAl="et al." firstAuthor="Koh" refId="B26" refString="Koh CC, Yang BY, Lin YL, Yang CC, Chi SC (1978) A preliminary report of the forest watershed management research in Taiwan. Taiwan Forestry Research Institute, Taipei." year="1978">Koh et al. 1978</bibRefCitation>
+;
+<bibRefCitation id="D2D377020173A44CEC0E9FF0F6D426B7" author="Lin and Fu" firstAuthor="Lin" journalOrPublisher="Forestry Bureau and Endemic Species Research Institute, Taipei, Taiwan" refId="B29" refString="Lin CF, Fu JS (2022) 2022 Conservation action plan for the harpist frog (Nidirana okinavana). Forestry Bureau and Endemic Species Research Institute, Taipei, Taiwan, 13 pp." title="2022 Conservation action plan for the harpist frog (Nidirana okinavana)." year="2022">Lin and Fu 2022</bibRefCitation>
+).
+</paragraph>
+<caption id="99E808D15C7B3F2D4AE554B0EFE5D604" ID-DOI="10.3897/zookeys.1229.139344.figure10" ID-arpha="6A9C487B-1513-5050-AA2F-270B46F4F504" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264837" startId="F10">
+<paragraph id="8E87EB901C7E63BF208F2C442B2EBAAC">
+<label id="F7EF1E55C433C55D6187F1BC07FE3EA7">Figure 10.</label>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="7740FF9EAB4F155BA77FBDD58F807A37">
+<emphasis id="C9335DD37022F583D0A6DEB80A94BE24" bold="true">A</emphasis>
+type locality of
+<taxonomicName id="6D093B57635877C1FDBBA4883B2E4710" authorityName="Lin & Chang & Matsui & Shen & Tominaga & Lin" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shyhhuangi" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="E5F87DDA01148CDD39D9891C9A0F679D" italics="true">Nidirana shyhhuangi</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="5D7C690EFEE486897FF6127A45C4E610" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+in Lienhuachih (23.92082 ° N, 120.88585 ° E), Yuchi Township, Nantou County, Taiwan
+<emphasis id="B1C7D86929B73986861C022001614BFC" bold="true">B</emphasis>
+a mud nest with an opening diameter of ~ 0.8 cm. The white arrow indicates the position of the opening. Photographed by CFL.
+</paragraph>
+</caption>
+<paragraph id="044B44634772D070E5FB57FE7756F851">
+The second distribution site of
+<taxonomicName id="BF2FF0DFBC903605CD6C6E6964BA1BD5" authorityName="Lin & Chang & Matsui & Shen & Tominaga & Lin" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shyhhuangi" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="BDA6F052911ACD911F7056D640FB37AA" italics="true">Nidirana shyhhuangi</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="CDB530D5DB999222B7D9CED8E40DBDD4" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+was discovered from Xiangshan (~
+<quantity id="CAAD49E9DCBFC7B9FA7BFFF1CC503924" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" unit="m" value="800.0">800 m</quantity>
+a. s. l.) near the famous landmark Sun Moon Lake in 2005. The macrohabitat of this site comprises a valley terrain consisting of streams, dense forests, slopes, and forest paths (
+<bibRefCitation id="F1C39C54CDB3B32ED8FE507777A42F13" author="Lin and Fu" firstAuthor="Lin" journalOrPublisher="Forestry Bureau and Endemic Species Research Institute, Taipei, Taiwan" refId="B29" refString="Lin CF, Fu JS (2022) 2022 Conservation action plan for the harpist frog (Nidirana okinavana). Forestry Bureau and Endemic Species Research Institute, Taipei, Taiwan, 13 pp." title="2022 Conservation action plan for the harpist frog (Nidirana okinavana)." year="2022">Lin and Fu 2022</bibRefCitation>
+). The valley’s soil is interspersed with humus, making it very soft and moist. A subsurface water layer maintains the stream’s flow even during the dry season. Substrate in this area appears similar to reddish yellow earth indicative of laterization, likely consisting of gravelly clay, which is suitable for the nesting and reproduction of the frogs (
+<bibRefCitation id="F1173C3B2A70627777289E93A2538C44" author="Lin and Fu" firstAuthor="Lin" journalOrPublisher="Forestry Bureau and Endemic Species Research Institute, Taipei, Taiwan" refId="B29" refString="Lin CF, Fu JS (2022) 2022 Conservation action plan for the harpist frog (Nidirana okinavana). Forestry Bureau and Endemic Species Research Institute, Taipei, Taiwan, 13 pp." title="2022 Conservation action plan for the harpist frog (Nidirana okinavana)." year="2022">Lin and Fu 2022</bibRefCitation>
+).
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="BD17671AC79C9BAE08B4A15A2A9BCA52">Both habitats are situated in mountain hollows, which facilitate the collection of surrounding water sources. Coupled with the inflow of subsurface water, these habitats remain perennially waterlogged and moist even in the dry season, promoting the aggregation of the frogs.</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+<subSubSection id="SECID0EFJBK" type="natural history">
+<paragraph id="BFFB8C048035204DE05169137F3BF02C">
+<heading id="FE0DB529A09586156F5D0753423EBC3E" reason="title">Natural history notes.</heading>
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="5DD6D8AABE0843EFC7DD82098B0BD515">
+<taxonomicName id="C34AC98883BB72A08AA720943A97B2D4" authorityName="Lin & Chang & Matsui & Shen & Tominaga & Lin" authorityYear="2025" class="Amphibia" family="Ranidae" genus="Nidirana" kingdom="Animalia" order="Anura" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="shyhhuangi" status="sp. nov.">
+<emphasis id="52CB325202C86FC6E269F0314EBAF130" italics="true">Nidirana shyhhuangi</emphasis>
+</taxonomicName>
+<taxonomicNameLabel id="9A32925C38B6C99B9225DE51C395D30C" rank="species">sp. nov.</taxonomicNameLabel>
+is the only mud-nesting species among the ranid family in
+<collectingCountry id="4E877C0E0493FA02EDBC5893E84C7894" name="Taiwan">Taiwan</collectingCountry>
+(Figs
+<figureCitation id="A416FB8DFA6D2694D827616E2E5018CE" captionStart="Figure 7" captionStartId="F7" captionText="Figure 7. Nidirana shyhhuangi sp. nov. in life A an adult male with a pale yellowish-brown glandular ridge behind the base of the forelimb, which is diagnostic of the sexes B an adult female, with a more grayish coloration C a first-year juvenile, with a reddish lower iris color D a male calling in the nest showing its subgular vocal sac. Photographed by CFL (A – C) and CC (D)." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1229.139344.figure7" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264823">7 D</figureCitation>
+,
+<figureCitation id="DF28254C6E193E9FC58F465F8A2A4EA4" captionStart="Figure 10" captionStartId="F10" captionText="Figure 10. A type locality of Nidirana shyhhuangi sp. nov. in Lienhuachih (23.92082 ° N, 120.88585 ° E), Yuchi Township, Nantou County, Taiwan B a mud nest with an opening diameter of ~ 0.8 cm. The white arrow indicates the position of the opening. Photographed by CFL." figureDoi="10.3897/zookeys.1229.139344.figure10" httpUri="https://binary.pensoft.net/fig/1264837">10 B</figureCitation>
+). Breeding season starts from April and lasts to late September. During the breeding season, male frogs select soil slopes within ~
+<quantity id="B81C387809F4F281CC0ABA8E698690AB" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" unit="cm" value="20.0">20 cm</quantity>
+from the water to excavate mud nests, where they call from inside the nest to attract females. Newly built mud nests are shaped like pottery embryos, with an opening diameter of ~
+<quantity id="24F05ED4E61DDB57DC70D204D7E90185" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.25" metricValueMax="2.0" metricValueMin="0.5" unit="cm" value="1.25" valueMax="2.0" valueMin="0.5">0.5–2 cm</quantity>
+and an internal width of ~
+<quantity id="DF6B9A5B1BD2CBD9B02F2B09E7FAC01E" metricMagnitude="-2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.0" unit="cm" value="4.0">4 cm</quantity>
+, often covered by fallen leaves or twigs. Unlike most frogs that lay eggs directly in water, the nest-building behavior reduces predation risk of the offspring, but requires significant energy expenditure. On average, it takes 2–3 hours for a male complete a nest (
+<bibRefCitation id="E8BAAF55E44646A5A2E8BD02AD2B198D" author="Lin and Fu" firstAuthor="Lin" journalOrPublisher="Forestry Bureau and Endemic Species Research Institute, Taipei, Taiwan" refId="B29" refString="Lin CF, Fu JS (2022) 2022 Conservation action plan for the harpist frog (Nidirana okinavana). Forestry Bureau and Endemic Species Research Institute, Taipei, Taiwan, 13 pp." title="2022 Conservation action plan for the harpist frog (Nidirana okinavana)." year="2022">Lin and Fu 2022</bibRefCitation>
+). The eggs are laid in cluster within the mud nest excavated by the male, with approximately
+<specimenCount id="4FB888D0BFC3B390AF4565D462DCC01F" count="40" type="egg">40 eggs</specimenCount>
+per nest (range 31–51, mean ± SD = 39 ± 7,
+<emphasis id="FAA56262684A682BB9802FC888798610" italics="true">n</emphasis>
+= 6).
+</paragraph>
+<paragraph id="0FC6E1F956744F4C7E94BCFFA0DF9FDE">
+The eggs of the frog are encased in a transparent gelatinous substance and develop and hatch within the mud nests. The hatched tadpoles usually remain in the nest for a period of time, until heavy rain flushes the nests or water levels rise and allow the tadpoles to be released into adjacent streams or ponds. The tadpoles are brown in color, benthic, and have a larval period of 45–50 days at water temperatures of 26–29 ° C (
+<bibRefCitation id="0D4EB75B7B1B2AD25B21E4534F701AC7" author="Lin and Fu" firstAuthor="Lin" journalOrPublisher="Forestry Bureau and Endemic Species Research Institute, Taipei, Taiwan" refId="B29" refString="Lin CF, Fu JS (2022) 2022 Conservation action plan for the harpist frog (Nidirana okinavana). Forestry Bureau and Endemic Species Research Institute, Taipei, Taiwan, 13 pp." title="2022 Conservation action plan for the harpist frog (Nidirana okinavana)." year="2022">Lin and Fu 2022</bibRefCitation>
+).
+</paragraph>
+</subSubSection>
+</treatment>
+</document>
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