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<document id="6CC85541D3CD8321019B3C8C3ECC2B81" ID-DOI="10.1155/2014/176539" ID-ISSN="1687-7438" ID-Zenodo-Dep="15391425" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="valdenar" IM.treatments_approvedBy="valdenar" checkinTime="1747078564437" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Schöller, Matthias" docDate="2014" docId="03A587CD8A065D75FF66C938FE0FFBA1" docLanguage="en" docName="Psyche.2014.176539.pdf" docOrigin="Psyche: A Journal of Entomology (176539) 2014" docSource="https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/176539" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C7867117109CD9673064E01C7FB49DFB.1:Psyche.2009-.journal_article.affilindex" docStyleId="C7867117109CD9673064E01C7FB49DFB" docStyleName="Psyche.2009-.journal_article.affilindex" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Cryptocephalus rufipes" docType="treatment" docVersion="3" lastPageNumber="2" masterDocId="FF9CFFB58A075D77FFE1CF52FFA9FFA8" masterDocTitle="Cryptocephaline Egg Case Provides Incomplete Protection from Generalist Predators (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)" masterLastPageNumber="4" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="2" updateTime="1747159577149" updateUser="valdenar" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
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<mods:titleInfo id="D364850F00DC6F6ECEA940A29C791CB0">
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<mods:title id="B00E8AD852031BFA0A5E30EFCA2B114C">Cryptocephaline Egg Case Provides Incomplete Protection from Generalist Predators (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="080306BB4B266BF1370CFE41E35F6990">Schöller, Matthias</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="C86BF9B564A169A9358E44EE8C8DA7FC">Psyche: A Journal of Entomology</mods:title>
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<mods:date id="52E4A8E10716B5043B2F00A73AF2D8D0">2014</mods:date>
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<mods:title id="0B8DFA089D6B80CFDE89597A6D35F9EF">176539</mods:title>
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<mods:number id="B8417622B87BA7772627BB0BDD5987AD">2014-12-30</mods:number>
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<mods:url id="9BE1C43D66F3FAF0A2A692D60F8902EE">https://doi.org/10.1155/2014/176539</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="207756701A3F4927BE22C4E76326C76D">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="656F12DCE2B69596D83288623DD17091" type="DOI">10.1155/2014/176539</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="4650E4AFB548830387F5ABFB4B4DEB91" type="ISSN">1687-7438</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="2F6CAB13A22E78C52B0E8AAA96AB790D" type="Zenodo-Dep">15391425</mods:identifier>
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<treatment id="03A587CD8A065D75FF66C938FE0FFBA1" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03A587CD8A065D75FF66C938FE0FFBA1" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03A587CD8A065D75FF66C938FE0FFBA1" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
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<subSubSection id="C31665508A065D76FF66C938FC66FB42" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="8BB336DB8A065D76FF66C938FD48F89F" blockId="1.[135,776,1642,1848]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
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<heading id="D0FB81B78A065D76FF66C938FD48F89F" centered="true" fontSize="36" level="2" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" reason="2">
|
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<emphasis id="B978EAC98A065D76FF66C938FE24F92A" box="[135,397,1642,1666]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">3.1. Field Observations.</emphasis>
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||||
Beside
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||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D588A065D76FE11C938FDF7F92A" baseAuthorityName="Goeze" baseAuthorityYear="1777" box="[496,606,1642,1666]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufipes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B978EAC98A065D76FE11C938FDF7F92A" box="[496,606,1642,1666]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">C. rufipes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, several other
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D588A065D76FF66C9DAFE80F908" authorityName="Latreille" authorityYear="1802" box="[135,297,1672,1696]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Chrysomelidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
were occurring on
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D588A065D76FDEDC9DAFD02F908" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[524,683,1672,1696]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="purpurea">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B978EAC98A065D76FDEDC9DAFD02F908" box="[524,683,1672,1696]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Salix purpurea</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in June and July, namely
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D588A065D76FED7C9F4FEBDF975" authority="Drapiez, 1819" authorityName="Drapiez" authorityYear="1819" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="subSpecies" species="ocellatus" subGenus="Burlinius" subSpecies="ocellatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B978EAC98A065D76FED7C9F4FE7FF916" box="[310,470,1702,1726]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Cryptocephalus</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="B978EAC98A065D76FE05C9F4FDEAF916" box="[484,579,1702,1726]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Burlinius</emphasis>
|
||||
)
|
||||
<emphasis id="B978EAC98A065D76FDB0C9F4FCAEF916" box="[593,775,1702,1726]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">ocellatus ocellatus</emphasis>
|
||||
Drapiez, 1819
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
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<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D588A065D76FEFCC997FD94F975" authority="Marseul, 1857" authorityName="Marseul" authorityYear="1857" box="[285,573,1733,1757]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="androgyne">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B978EAC98A065D76FEFCC997FE01F975" box="[285,424,1733,1757]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">C. androgyne</emphasis>
|
||||
Marseul, 1857
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
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||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D588A065D76FDA6C997FE92F953" authority="(Linnaeus, 1758)" baseAuthorityName="Linnaeus" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Phratora" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="vitellinae">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B978EAC98A065D76FDA6C997FCAEF975" box="[583,775,1733,1757]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Phratora vitellinae</emphasis>
|
||||
(Linnaeus, 1758)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D588A065D76FE9AC9B1FCADF953" authority="(Ratzeburg, 1837)" baseAuthorityName="Ratzeburg" baseAuthorityYear="1837" box="[379,772,1763,1787]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Clytra" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="laeviuscula">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B978EAC98A065D76FE9AC9B1FD93F953" box="[379,570,1763,1787]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Clytra laeviuscula</emphasis>
|
||||
(Ratzeburg, 1837)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Moreover, the weevil
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||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D588A065D76FE94C853FF5DF890" authority="(Fabricius, 1792)" baseAuthorityName="Fabricius" baseAuthorityYear="1792" class="Insecta" family="Curculionidae" genus="Polydrusus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="picus" subGenus="Polydrusus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B978EAC98A065D76FE94C853FE4FF8B1" box="[373,486,1793,1817]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Polydrusus</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="B978EAC98A065D76FE1BC853FDC2F8B1" box="[506,619,1793,1817]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Polydrusus</emphasis>
|
||||
)
|
||||
<emphasis id="B978EAC98A065D76FD9FC850FD1AF8B1" box="[638,691,1794,1817]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">picus</emphasis>
|
||||
(Fabricius, 1792)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
was found feeding and mating on
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D588A065D76FD83C872FD72F890" authorityName="Linnaeus" authorityYear="1753" box="[610,731,1824,1848]" class="Ascidiacea" family="Polycitoridae" genus="Salix" kingdom="Animalia" order="Aplousobranchia" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Chordata" rank="species" species="purpurea">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B978EAC98A065D76FD83C872FD72F890" box="[610,731,1824,1848]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">S. purpurea</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB336DB8A065D76FF66C83AFC66FB42" blockId="1.[135,776,1896,1981]" lastBlockId="1.[823,1464,991,1258]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B978EAC98A065D76FF66C83AFDAEF828" box="[135,519,1896,1920]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||||
3.2. Morphology of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D588A065D76FEBFC83AFE6EF828" baseAuthorityName="Goeze" baseAuthorityYear="1777" box="[350,455,1896,1920]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufipes">C. rufipes</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Eggs.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
The eggs of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D588A065D76FD7EC83AFCAEF828" baseAuthorityName="Goeze" baseAuthorityYear="1777" box="[671,775,1896,1920]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufipes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B978EAC98A065D76FD7EC83AFCAEF828" box="[671,775,1896,1920]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">C. rufipes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are blackish to greyish brown with eight narrow, regular ridges as illustrated in
|
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<figureCitation id="13372A5E8A065D76FE9CC8F6FE78F815" box="[381,465,1956,1981]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[135,206,505,526]" captionTargetBox="[227,679,218,478]" captionTargetId="figure-3@1.[269,600,231,481]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1: Egg of Cryptocephalus rufipes (Goeze, 1777), scale = 0.5 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15391429" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15391429/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
. Each individual faecal plate bears a little crest; the regular arrangement of the faecal plates composes the ridges that have little gaps in case the faecal plates do not perfectly touch. The mean size ± SD was
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF49B3E8A065D76FC85CB68FC64FBFA" box="[868,973,1082,1106]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.97" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="0.797">0.797 mm</quantity>
|
||||
±
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF49B3E8A065D76FC09CB68FBF8FBFA" box="[1000,1105,1082,1106]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.7" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="0.057">0.057 mm</quantity>
|
||||
length and
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF49B3E8A065D76FB2CCB68FA9CFBFA" box="[1229,1333,1082,1106]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="5.32" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="0.532">0.532 mm</quantity>
|
||||
±
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF49B3E8A065D76FAB1CB68FA11FBFA" box="[1360,1464,1082,1106]" metricMagnitude="-5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="0.033">0.033 mm</quantity>
|
||||
width; median was 0.80 for length and 0.53 for width. Length was ranging from 0.700 to
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF49B3E8A065D76FB82CB25FB64FB26" box="[1123,1229,1143,1167]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.75" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="0.975">0.975 mm</quantity>
|
||||
, width from 0.475 to 0.600 mm. The eggs are elongate oval; the mean length to width ratio was
|
||||
<quantity id="4CF49B3E8A065D76FC09CBE1FBE8FB63" box="[1000,1089,1203,1227]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.5" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" unit="mm" value="1.5">1.50 mm</quantity>
|
||||
± 0.095, ranging from 1.25 to 1.70 (median 1.50).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C31665508A065D75FCD6CA45FE0FFBA1" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB336DB8A065D76FCD6CA45FA83FA22" blockId="1.[823,1463,1303,1418]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B978EAC98A065D76FCD6CA45FB53FA87" box="[823,1274,1303,1327]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||||
3.3. Experiments with Eggs of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D588A065D76FB8CCA4AFB5FFA87" authorityName="Zeller" authorityYear="1879" box="[1133,1270,1303,1327]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Ephestia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kuehniella">E. kuehniella</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
The experiments with eggs of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D588A065D76FC20CA64FBE1FAE5" authorityName="Zeller" authorityYear="1879" box="[961,1096,1333,1357]" class="Insecta" family="Pyralidae" genus="Ephestia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Lepidoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="kuehniella">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B978EAC98A065D76FC20CA64FBE1FAE5" box="[961,1096,1333,1357]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">E. kuehniella</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
resulted in complete predation of these eggs by both
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D588A065D76FC1ECA06FBCBFAC3" baseAuthorityName="Stephens" baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[1023,1122,1364,1387]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carnea">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B978EAC98A065D76FC1ECA06FBCBFAC3" box="[1023,1122,1364,1387]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">C. carnea</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D588A065D76FB77CA06FAA8FAC4" baseAuthorityName="Reuter" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[1174,1281,1364,1388]" class="Insecta" family="Anthocoridae" genus="Xylocoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B978EAC98A065D76FB77CA06FAA8FAC4" box="[1174,1281,1364,1388]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">X. flavipes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. In the untreated control, 92% of the
|
||||
<emphasis id="B978EAC98A065D76FBE4CA21FB3AFA22" box="[1029,1171,1394,1418]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">E. kuehniella-</emphasis>
|
||||
eggs emerged.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB336DB8A065D76FCD6CAE5FC34F90B" blockId="1.[823,1464,1463,1699]" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B978EAC98A065D76FCD6CAE5FBC6FA67" box="[823,1135,1463,1487]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">3.4. Experiments with Eggs of</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D588A065D76FB99CAE5FC7FFA45" authority=", Behavioural Observations. When" authorityName="Behavioural Observations. When" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufipes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B978EAC98A065D76FB99CAE5FC20FA45" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">C. rufipes, Behavioural Observations.</emphasis>
|
||||
When
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
encountering the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D588A065D76FB74CA84FB51FA45" box="[1173,1272,1493,1517]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufipes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B978EAC98A065D76FB74CA84FB51FA45" box="[1173,1272,1493,1517]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">C. rufipes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
eggs, the larvae of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D588A065D76FCD6CAA6FC35F9A3" baseAuthorityName="Stephens" baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[823,924,1524,1547]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carnea">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B978EAC98A065D76FCD6CAA6FC35F9A3" box="[823,924,1524,1547]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">C. carnea</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
showed the typical prey uplifting behaviour. They fixed the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D588A065D76FC76C940FC53F982" box="[919,1018,1554,1578]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufipes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B978EAC98A065D76FC76C940FC53F982" box="[919,1018,1554,1578]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">C. rufipes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
eggs and held them in position (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13372A5E8A065D76FAB0C940FA01F982" box="[1361,1448,1554,1578]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="1.[823,894,446,467]" captionTargetBox="[915,1369,195,421]" captionTargetId="figure-402@1.[915,1369,195,421]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 2: Larva of Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens, 1836) uplifting an egg of Cryptocephalus rufipes (Goeze, 1777)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15391427" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15391427/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D588A065D76FCD6C963FC0CF9E0" baseAuthorityName="Reuter" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[823,933,1584,1608]" class="Insecta" family="Anthocoridae" genus="Xylocoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B978EAC98A065D76FCD6C963FC0CF9E0" box="[823,933,1584,1608]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">X. flavipes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
examined the eggs after contacting it (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13372A5E8A065D76FAB0C962FA01F9E0" box="[1361,1448,1584,1608]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="1.[823,894,865,886]" captionTargetBox="[915,1369,551,840]" captionTargetId="figure-420@1.[915,1369,551,840]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 3: Adult of Xylocoris flavipes (Reuter, 1875) handling an egg of Cryptocephalus rufipes (Goeze, 1777)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15391431" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15391431/files/figure.png" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Within the first three days of the experiment, in all trials one predator consumed the second; consequently, cannibalism occurred.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BB336DB8A065D75FCD6C982FE0FFBA1" blockId="1.[823,1464,1744,1981]" lastBlockId="2.[135,776,858,1033]" lastPageId="2" lastPageNumber="3" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B978EAC98A065D76FCD6C982FBCBF940" box="[823,1122,1744,1768]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">3.5. Experiments with Eggs of</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D588A065D76FB86C983FA1EF940" authority=", Larval Hatch. Larvae" authorityName="Larval Hatch. Larvae" box="[1127,1463,1744,1768]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufipes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B978EAC98A065D76FB86C983FACAF940" box="[1127,1379,1744,1768]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">C. rufipes, Larval Hatch.</emphasis>
|
||||
Larvae
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
hatched after 10 to 13 days. The presence of the predators significantly affected the number of hatching
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D588A065D76FAA2C85FFA07F88D" box="[1347,1454,1805,1829]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufipes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B978EAC98A065D76FAA2C85FFA07F88D" box="[1347,1454,1805,1829]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">C. rufipes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
- larvae from the eggs (Kruskal-Wallis One Way Analysis of Variance on Ranks, 𝐻 = 18.473, DF = 2, 𝑃 <0.001). In the untreated control, a mean ± SD of 3.23±1.02 larvae hatched. The presence of both
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D588A065D76FBC2C8D5FB21F836" baseAuthorityName="Stephens" baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[1059,1160,1927,1950]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carnea">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B978EAC98A065D76FBC2C8D5FB21F836" box="[1059,1160,1927,1950]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">C. carnea</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D588A065D76FB20C8D5FA87F836" baseAuthorityName="Reuter" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[1217,1326,1926,1950]" class="Insecta" family="Anthocoridae" genus="Xylocoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B978EAC98A065D76FB20C8D5FA87F836" box="[1217,1326,1926,1950]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">X. flavipes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
significantly reduced the number of hatching
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D588A065D76FB6EC8F7FB5BF815" box="[1167,1266,1957,1981]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysomelidae" genus="Cryptocephalus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Coleoptera" pageId="1" pageNumber="2" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="rufipes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B978EAC98A065D76FB6EC8F7FB5BF815" box="[1167,1266,1957,1981]" italics="true" pageId="1" pageNumber="2">C. rufipes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
-eggs (All Pairwise Multiple Comparison Procedures, Dunn’s Method, 𝑄 = 3.891 and 2.817, 𝑃 <0.05). A mean of 0.91±1.38 and 1.55± 1.29 hatched in the presence of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D588A055D75FE0FCCC5FDFCFC06" baseAuthorityName="Stephens" baseAuthorityYear="1836" box="[494,597,919,942]" class="Insecta" family="Chrysopidae" genus="Chrysoperla" kingdom="Animalia" order="Neuroptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="carnea">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B978EAC98A055D75FE0FCCC5FDFCFC06" box="[494,597,919,942]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">C. carnea</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C0C4D588A055D75FD73CCC5FCA8FC06" baseAuthorityName="Reuter" baseAuthorityYear="1875" box="[658,769,918,942]" class="Insecta" family="Anthocoridae" genus="Xylocoris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="flavipes">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B978EAC98A055D75FD73CCC5FCA8FC06" box="[658,769,918,942]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">X. flavipes</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, respectively. However, there was no statistical difference in reduction between the two predators (Dunn’s Method, 𝑄 = 0.929, 𝑃>0.05) (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13372A5E8A055D75FEDECCA3FE3FFBA1" box="[319,406,1009,1033]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="2.[135,206,673,694]" captionTargetBox="[148,762,200,645]" captionTargetId="graphics-3@2.[232,762,209,594]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 4: Number of Cryptocephalus rufipes-larvae hatched out of five eggs exposed to Chrysoperla carnea or Xylocoris flavipes, or no predators (untreated). Means followed by the same lowercase letter do not differ significantly at 𝑃<0.05 (Dunn’s Method) (𝑛=11)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15391433" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15391433/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
338
data/03/BB/87/03BB8796F84B6E6BFF23E8B1DC0B9AE4.xml
Normal file
338
data/03/BB/87/03BB8796F84B6E6BFF23E8B1DC0B9AE4.xml
Normal file
|
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@ -0,0 +1,338 @@
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<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F84B6E6CFF23E8B1DB1F999C" ID-CoL="57DQP" authority="Apstein, 1900" authorityName="Apstein" authorityYear="1900" box="[151,597,151,178]" class="Polychaeta" family="Tomopteridae" genus="Tomopteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="planktonis">
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<emphasis id="B966EA92F84B6E6CFF23E8B1D8EE999F" bold="true" box="[151,420,151,178]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Tomopteris planktonis</emphasis>
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F84B6E6CFE1FE8B1DB1F999C" author="Apstein, C." box="[427,597,151,177]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 62" refId="ref21749" refString="Apstein, C. (1900) Die Alciopiden und Tomopteriden der Plankton-Expedition. Ergebnisse der Plankton-Expedition der Humboldt- Stiftung, 2, 1-62. [http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2130655]" type="journal article" year="1900">Apstein, 1900</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
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</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="C308650BF84B6E6CFF23E89DD80999FB" box="[151,323,187,214]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="description">
|
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<paragraph id="8BAD3680F84B6E6CFF23E89DD80999FB" blockId="27.[151,597,151,214]" box="[151,323,187,214]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F84B6E6CFF2BE89DD9AC99F8" box="[159,230,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1774,1798]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,179,1748]" captionTargetId="figure-18@3.[151,1435,179,1748]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Location of the study area and sampling scheme. Designations: yellow, green and purple circles mark first (12.12.2023), second (18.12.2023) and third (17.04.2024) sampling events, respectively." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371378" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371378/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Figs 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F84B6E6CFF40E89DD87199FB" box="[244,315,187,214]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 14" captionStart-1="FIGURE 15" captionStartId-0="25.[151,250,1773,1797]" captionStartId-1="26.[151,250,1728,1752]" captionTargetBox-0="[261,1324,1218,1744]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,181,1704]" captionTargetId-0="figure-402@25.[261,1325,1218,1749]" captionTargetId-1="figure-24@26.[151,1436,181,1704]" captionTargetPageId-0="25" captionTargetPageId-1="26" captionText-0="FIGURE 14. Relationships of Tomopteris planktonis (ZMMU WS20991, WS22577 and WS22578) and Tomopteris rolasi (ZMMU WS20992) from the Red Sea with some other Tomopteridae. Maximum Likelihood tree inferred from concatenated 18S and 28S sequences obtained from our material and from GenBank. Black numbers above branches indicate Maximum Likelihood (ML) bootstrap values; blue numbers below show Bayesian posterior probabilities (BI). IDs of specimens collected in the Red Sea during the present study marked with blue boxes." captionText-1="FIGURE 15. Tomopteris planktonis ZMMU WS20991, ZMMU WS20992 (A) general view, (B) anterior end, (C) 1st –2nd parapodia, (D) 3rd parapodium, (E) 4th parapodium. Designations: br—brain, ce—ciliated epaulette, ch—chromophile gland, go–gonad, hy—hyaline glands, mo—mouth, rs—rosette, st—streamer (secondary cirrus), ph–pharynx, pr—prostomium." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371409" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371411" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/15371409/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/15371411/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">14–15</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C308650BF84B6E6CFF23E926DD329B44" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F84B6E6CFF23E926DA139B67" blockId="27.[151,1437,256,617]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0211AEF84B6E6CFF23E926DA139B67" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F84B6E6CFF23E926DB0C9835" author="Apstein, C." box="[151,582,256,280]" page="42" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1900">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F84B6E6CFF23E926DB0C9835" ID-CoL="57DQP" authority="Apstein, 1900: 42" authorityName="Apstein" authorityPageNumber="42" authorityYear="1900" box="[151,582,256,280]" class="Polychaeta" family="Tomopteridae" genus="Tomopteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="planktonis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F84B6E6CFF23E926D8379835" box="[151,381,256,280]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Tomopteris planktonis</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F84B6E6CFE32E926DB0C9835" author="Apstein, C." box="[390,582,256,280]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 62" refId="ref21749" refString="Apstein, C. (1900) Die Alciopiden und Tomopteriden der Plankton-Expedition. Ergebnisse der Plankton-Expedition der Humboldt- Stiftung, 2, 1-62. [http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2130655]" type="journal article" year="1900">Apstein, 1900: 42</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
, Pl. XI, Figs. 21, 22 [original description, Atlantic, Labrador,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3057610F84B6E6CFB6BE926DC629835" box="[1247,1320,256,280]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||||
and South Equatorial currents].–
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F84B6E6CFE1FE939DB1B981B" author="Rosa, D." box="[427,593,286,310]" page="301" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1908">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F84B6E6CFE1FE939DB1B981B" author="Rosa, D." box="[427,593,286,310]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refId="ref26217" refString="Rosa, D. (1908) Planktonic collections obtained by the r. ship " Liguria " during the circumnavigation of 1903 - 1905 under the command of H. R. H. Luigi Di Savola Duke of the Abruzzi. Galletti e Cocci Printing House, Florence, 107 pp." type="book" year="1908">Rosa 1908: 301</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
[brief description and differences from other species].–
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F84B6E6CFB39E938DC03981B" author="Fauvel, P." box="[1165,1353,286,310]" page="224" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1923">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F84B6E6CFB39E938DC03981B" author="Fauvel, P." box="[1165,1353,286,310]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 488" refId="ref23272" refString="Fauvel, P. (1923) Polychetes Errantes. Faune de France, 5, 1-488. http://www.faunedefrance.org/" type="journal article" year="1923">Fauvel 1923: 224</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
, Fig. 84 d [description, North Atlantic].–
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F84B6E6CFDADE91BDB9A9878" author="Caroli, A." box="[537,720,317,341]" page="513" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1928">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F84B6E6CFDADE91BDB9A9878" author="Caroli, A." box="[537,720,317,341]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="5 - 7" refId="ref22109" refString="Caroli, A. (1928) Nota sui Tomopteridi di Messina. Atti della Accademia dei Fisiocritici in Siena, 10 (3), 5-7." type="journal article" year="1928">Caroli 1928: 513</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
[brief description, Messina], 1928(1930): 18 [distribution, Red Sea], 1933: 378–379 [description, Naples].–
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F84B6E6CFDECE97ADA02985E" author="Stop-Bowitz, C." box="[600,840,347,372]" page="52" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1948">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F84B6E6CFDECE97ADA02985E" author="Stop-Bowitz, C." box="[600,840,347,372]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="1 - 91" refId="ref26735" refString="Stop-Bowitz, C. (1948) Polychaeta from the " Michael Sars " North Atlantic deep-sea expedition 1910. Report on the Scientific Results of the Michael Sars North Atlantic Deep-Sea Expedition, 5 (8), 1-91." type="journal article" year="1948">Stǿp-Bowitz 1948: 52</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
[brief description, Atlantic].–
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F84B6E6CFB30E97ADC0E9859" author="Fauvel, P." box="[1156,1348,347,372]" page="142" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1953">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F84B6E6CFB30E97ADC0E9859" author="Fauvel, P." box="[1156,1348,347,372]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refId="ref23344" refString="Fauvel, P. (1953) The Fauna of India. Annelida Polychaeta. The Indian Press, Allahabad, 507 pp." type="book" year="1953">Fauvel 1953: 142</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
, Fig. 71 [description, Indian Ocean].–
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F84B6E6CFE48E95CDBE498BF" author="Dales, R. P." box="[508,686,378,402]" page="663" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1957">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F84B6E6CFE48E95CDBE498BF" author="Dales, R. P." box="[508,686,378,402]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="99 - 168" refId="ref22483" refString="Dales, R. P. (1957) Pelagic polychaetes of the Pacific Ocean. Bulletin of the Scripps Institution of Oceanogaphy, 7 (2), 99-168. [https://escholarship.org/uc/item/51c8j5nj]" type="journal article" year="1957">Dales 1957: 663</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
[brief description, Pacific, Cape Disappointment, Oregon, south of San Francisco Bay, Monterey Bay].–
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F84B6E6CFDB9E9BFDBE2989C" author="Day, J. H." box="[525,680,409,433]" page="206" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1967">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F84B6E6CFDB9E9BFDBE2989C" author="Day, J. H." box="[525,680,409,433]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refId="ref22621" refString="Day, J. H. (1967) Polychaeta of Southern Africa. Part 1. Errantia. British Museum of the Natural History, London, 458 pp. [http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/8596]" type="book" year="1967">Day 1967: 206</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F84B6E6CFD1BE9BFDA6E989D" box="[687,804,409,433]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1152,1176]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1128]" captionTargetId="figure-24@16.[151,1436,181,1128]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 8. Plotohelmis cf. capitata ZMMU WS20963, parapodia. (A) segment 5, (B) segment 8, (C) segment 12, (D) segment 20. Designations: small black arrows point at broken acicular chaetae. A–C to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371395" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371395/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
Fig.
|
||||
<geoCoordinate id="EE265047F84B6E6CFD6FE9BFDA41989D" box="[731,779,409,433]" degrees="8.2" direction="north" orientation="latitude" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" precision="5555" value="8.2">8.2 n</geoCoordinate>
|
||||
–o
|
||||
</figureCitation>
|
||||
[brief description,Atlantic Ocean from
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3057610F84B6E6CFB1EE9BFDC5E989C" box="[1194,1300,409,433]" name="Greenland" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Greenland</collectingCountry>
|
||||
to
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3057610F84B6E6CFA98E9BFDCD2989C" box="[1324,1432,409,433]" name="Antarctica" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Antarctica</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, North and Mediterranean seas, South Atlantic off the coast of
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3057610F84B6E6CFCE1E99EDAAA98FD" box="[853,992,440,464]" name="South Africa" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||||
].–
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F84B6E6CFC4CE99EDD8698E2" author="Ushakov, P. V." box="[1016,1228,439,464]" page="216" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1972">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F84B6E6CFC4CE99EDD8698E2" author="Ushakov, P. V." box="[1016,1228,439,464]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refId="ref27610" refString="Ushakov, P. V. (1972) Polychaetes of the suborder Phyllodociformia of the Polar Basin and the northwestern part of the Pacific: families Phyllodocidae, Alciopidae, Tomopteridae, Typhloscolecidae, and Lacydoniidae. Nauka, Leningrad, 138 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1972">Ushakov 1972: 216</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
[distribution, North Pacific up to 45ºN].–
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F84B6E6CFE14E9F0DBF598C3" author="Orensanz, J. M. & Ramirez, F. C." box="[416,703,470,494]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" refId="ref25467" refString="Orensanz, J. M. & Ramirez, F. C. (1973) Taxonomia y distribucion de los poliquetos pelagicos del Atlantico Sudoccidental. Instituto de Biologia Marina, La Plata, 118 pp." type="book" year="1973">Orensanz & Ramirez 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: [distribution, Brazilian, Uruguayan and
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3057610F84B6E6CFBD4E9F0DD8F98C3" box="[1120,1221,470,494]" name="Argentina" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Argentine</collectingCountry>
|
||||
shelf].–
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F84B6E6CFAAEE9F0D8D59B20" author="Rozbaczylo, N. & Antezana, T. & Pinochet, H." page="107" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1987">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F84B6E6CFAAEE9F0D8D59B20" author="Rozbaczylo, N. & Antezana, T. & Pinochet, H." pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="99 - 111" refId="ref26271" refString="Rozbaczylo, N., Antezana, T. & Pinochet, H. (1987) Tomopteridae (Annelida: Polychaeta) recolectados en el Pacifico Suroriental y revision de la familia en Chile. Studies on neotropical fauna and environment, 22 (2), 99-111. https://doi.org/10.1080/01650528709360723" type="journal article" year="1987">
|
||||
Rozbaczylo
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F84B6E6CFF73E9D0D9B69B20" box="[199,252,501,525]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
1987: 107–198
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F84B6E6CFE1FE9D3D8B99B20" box="[427,499,501,525]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1294,1318]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,558,1271]" captionTargetId="figure-141@6.[151,1435,558,1271]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Krohnia cf. lepidota ZMMU WS20944, general view. (A) anterior end, dorsal view, (B) anterior end, ventral view. Designations: fan–frontal antennae, man–median antenna, dc–regular dorsal tentacular cirri (pairs D1 and D2), ecs–cirrostyle of enlarged dorsal tentacular cirrus (pair D3), ecp–cirrophore of enlarged dorsal tentacular cirrus (pair D3), vc–ventral tentacular cirri, dcp–cirrophore of dorsal parapodial cirrus, vpc–ventral parapodial cirrus. Small black arrowheads point at brown dots, big white arrowheads point at segmental glands. A and B to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371380/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 2e</figureCitation>
|
||||
[description, South Pacific, Chilean coast], 2020: 167,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F84B6E6CFB84E9D3DD279B20" box="[1072,1133,501,525]" captionStart="FIGURE 9" captionStartId="17.[151,250,1673,1697]" captionTargetBox="[233,1361,1039,1643]" captionTargetId="figure-373@17.[227,1361,1036,1650]" captionTargetPageId="17" captionText="FIGURE 9. Relationships of Pelagobia longicirrata from the Red Sea (ZMMU WS20993) with other Pelagobia species (data from GenBank) using the 18S gene marker. Black numbers above branches indicate Maximum Likelihood (ML) bootstrap values; blue numbers below show Bayesian posterior probabilities (BI). ID of the specimen collected in the Red Sea during the present study marked with blue box." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371397" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371397/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 9</figureCitation>
|
||||
[description and distribution, South Pacific].–
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F84B6E6CFEC5EA32DBC19B06" author="Kolbasova, G. D. & Syomin, V. L. & Mishin, A. V. & Molodtsova, T. N. & Neretin, N. Yu. & Neretina, T. V." box="[369,651,531,556]" page="75" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="2023">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F84B6E6CFEC5EA32DBC19B06" author="Kolbasova, G. D. & Syomin, V. L. & Mishin, A. V. & Molodtsova, T. N. & Neretin, N. Yu. & Neretina, T. V." box="[369,651,531,556]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="6" refId="ref24746" refString="Kolbasova, G. D., Syomin, V. L., Mishin, A. V., Molodtsova, T. N., Neretin, N. Yu. & Neretina, T. V. (2023) Holopelagic Annelida from the Atlantic sector of the Southern Ocean and adjacent South Atlantic with descriptions of three new species. Marine Biodiversity, 53 (6). [published online] https://doi.org/10.1007/s12526-023-01380-x" type="journal article" year="2023">
|
||||
Kolbasova
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F84B6E6CFE5BEA32DB6F9B01" box="[495,549,532,556]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
2023: 75
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
, Figs 25–27 [description, Antarctic Ocean, South Atlantic, Brazil-Malvinas confluence, Bransfield Strait,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3057610F84B6E6CFE42EA14DB089B67" box="[502,578,562,586]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Orkney</collectingCountry>
|
||||
Through,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3057610F84B6E6CFD18EA14DBB29B67" box="[684,760,562,586]" name="United Kingdom" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Orkney</collectingCountry>
|
||||
Plateau].
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F84B6E6CFF23EA74DD329B44" blockId="27.[151,1437,256,617]" box="[151,1144,593,617]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0211AEF84B6E6CFF23EA74DD329B44" box="[151,1144,593,617]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F84B6E6CFF23EA74DB439B44" author="Dales, R. P." box="[151,521,593,617]" page="144" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" year="1957">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F84B6E6CFF23EA74DB439B44" ID-CoL="8SCK9" authority="Dales 1957: 144" authorityName="Dales" authorityPageNumber="144" authorityYear="1957" box="[151,521,593,617]" class="Polychaeta" family="Tomopteridae" genus="Tomopteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="cavallii">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F84B6E6CFF23EA74D8119B44" box="[151,347,593,617]" italics="true" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Tomopteris cavallii</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F84B6E6CFED5EA77DB439B44" author="Dales, R. P." box="[353,521,593,617]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" pagination="99 - 168" refId="ref22483" refString="Dales, R. P. (1957) Pelagic polychaetes of the Pacific Ocean. Bulletin of the Scripps Institution of Oceanogaphy, 7 (2), 99-168. [https://escholarship.org/uc/item/51c8j5nj]" type="journal article" year="1957">Dales 1957: 144</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
, Figs. 51 b, 52 b [description, Pacific Ocean, Monterey Bay].
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C308650BF84B6E6CFF23EAB1D8709BF8" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F84B6E6CFF23EAB1D8709BF8" blockId="27.[151,1436,663,726]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F84B6E6CFF23EAB1D8CB9B9C" bold="true" box="[151,385,663,689]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B7A3CDDF84B6E6CFE3DEABED8709BF8" collectionCode="ZMMU" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" specimenCode="WS20991, WS20992, WS22577, WS22578" specimenCount="4">
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D14FD09F84B6E6CFE3DEABEDB759B9C" box="[393,575,663,690]" count="4" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="generic">Four specimens</specimenCount>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED03AE45F84B6E6CFDFEEABEDBEB9B9F" box="[586,673,664,690]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Museum">ZMMU</collectionCode>
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBB49EFBF84B6E6CFD1CEAB1DA519B9C" box="[680,795,663,689]" collectionCode="ZMMU" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Museum">WS20991</specimenCode>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED03AE45F84B6E6CFC93EABEDA349B9F" box="[807,894,664,690]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Museum">ZMMU</collectionCode>
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBB49EFBF84B6E6CFC31EAB1DABF9B9C" box="[901,1013,663,689]" collectionCode="ZMMU" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Museum">WS20992</specimenCode>
|
||||
(FA, Et),
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED03AE45F84B6E6CFBDCEABEDDF59B9F" box="[1128,1215,664,690]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Museum">ZMMU</collectionCode>
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBB49EFBF84B6E6CFB72EAB1DC739B9F" box="[1222,1337,663,690]" collectionCode="ZMMU" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Museum">WS22577</specimenCode>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED03AE45F84B6E6CFAF1EABEDCD69B9F" box="[1349,1436,664,690]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Museum">ZMMU</collectionCode>
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBB49EFBF84B6E6CFF23EA9DD8429BFB" box="[151,264,699,726]" collectionCode="ZMMU" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="Museum">WS22578</specimenCode>
|
||||
(Et)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<caption id="DF6D6608F84B6E6CFF23EE74D8939FD7" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371413" ID-Zenodo-Dep="15371413" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371413/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" startId="27.[151,250,1618,1642]" targetBox="[185,1400,757,1586]" targetPageId="27" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F84B6E6CFF23EE74D8939FD7" blockId="27.[151,1437,1618,1786]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F84B6E6CFF23EE74D86A9F47" bold="true" box="[151,288,1618,1642]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">FIGURE 16.</emphasis>
|
||||
Bayesian tree inferred from concatenated alignments including all 18S and 28S sequences (A), and 18S + 28S + COI sequences (B) together with corresponding sequences from GenBank. Black numbers above branches indicate Maximum Likelihood (ML) bootstrap values; blue numbers below show Bayesian posterior probabilities (BI). Numbers in brackets indicate number of individual vouchers in a collapsed branch. IDs of specimens collected in the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F84B6E6CFBB6EE98DD1F9FFB" authority="Sea" authorityName="Sea (Wehe & Fiege" authorityYear="2002" box="[1026,1109,1726,1750]" class="Alsuviricetes" family="Alphaflexiviridae" genus="Red" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Orthornavirae" order="Tymovirales" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" phylum="Kitrinoviricota" rank="genus">Red Sea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
during the present study marked by blue filling with yellow text.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C308650BF84B6E6BFF73EF6ADB3C98FC" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F84B6E6BFF73EF6ADB3C98FC" blockId="27.[151,1437,1868,2039]" lastBlockId="28.[151,1437,151,969]" lastPageId="28" lastPageNumber="29" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F84B6E6CFF73EF6ADBFC9E4B" bold="true" box="[199,694,1868,1895]" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Description (based on all our material).</emphasis>
|
||||
Body oval, elongate,
|
||||
<quantity id="4CEA9B65F84B6E6CFC74EF6ADD7B9E4A" box="[960,1073,1868,1895]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.5" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="5.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="7.5" valueMax="10.0" valueMin="5.0">5–10 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long,
|
||||
<quantity id="4CEA9B65F84B6E6CFB35EF6ADDB29E4A" box="[1153,1272,1868,1895]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="8.0" metricValueMax="10.0" metricValueMin="6.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="0.8" valueMax="1.0" valueMin="0.6">0.6–1 mm</quantity>
|
||||
wide without parapodia,
|
||||
<quantity id="4CEA9B65F84B6E6CFEA1EF56D8C29EA6" box="[277,392,1904,1931]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="2.5" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="3.25" valueMax="4.0" valueMin="2.5">2.5–4 mm</quantity>
|
||||
wide with parapodia. Tail absent, posterior ends with short cylindrical pygidium, maximum width with parapodia
|
||||
<quantity id="4CEA9B65F84B6E6CFE24EFB2D8A09E82" box="[400,490,1940,1967]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.6" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="2.6">2.6 mm</quantity>
|
||||
, maximum width of body trunk
|
||||
<quantity id="4CEA9B65F84B6E6CFCE8EFB3DAF99E82" box="[860,947,1941,1967]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.0" pageId="27" pageNumber="28" unit="mm" value="0.9">0.9 mm</quantity>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F84B6E6CFC77EFB2DD679E82" box="[963,1069,1940,1967]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1728,1752]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-24@26.[151,1436,181,1704]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 15. Tomopteris planktonis ZMMU WS20991, ZMMU WS20992 (A) general view, (B) anterior end, (C) 1st –2nd parapodia, (D) 3rd parapodium, (E) 4th parapodium. Designations: br—brain, ce—ciliated epaulette, ch—chromophile gland, go–gonad, hy—hyaline glands, mo—mouth, rs—rosette, st—streamer (secondary cirrus), ph–pharynx, pr—prostomium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371411" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371411/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 15A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Live worms transparent, white in preservation. Eyes red. Brain transversely oval (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F84B6E6CFD64EF9EDA7C9EFE" box="[720,822,1976,2003]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1728,1752]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-24@26.[151,1436,181,1704]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 15. Tomopteris planktonis ZMMU WS20991, ZMMU WS20992 (A) general view, (B) anterior end, (C) 1st –2nd parapodia, (D) 3rd parapodium, (E) 4th parapodium. Designations: br—brain, ce—ciliated epaulette, ch—chromophile gland, go–gonad, hy—hyaline glands, mo—mouth, rs—rosette, st—streamer (secondary cirrus), ph–pharynx, pr—prostomium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371411" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371411/files/figure.png" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">Fig. 15B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Body with 14 pairs of parapodia increasing in size to 3
|
||||
<superScript id="7C679BC8F84B6E6CFF11EFFAD9F99EC7" attach="left" box="[165,179,2012,2026]" fontSize="6" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">rd</superScript>
|
||||
pair; 4–6 pairs longest; from 7
|
||||
<superScript id="7C679BC8F84B6E6CFDACEFFADB6F9EC7" attach="left" box="[536,549,2012,2026]" fontSize="6" pageId="27" pageNumber="28">th</superScript>
|
||||
pair, parapodia decrease toward posterior end. Prostomium with frontal cleft, prostomial horns slightly curved backward. Ciliated epaulettes triangular, extending to posterior margin of brain. Anterior cirri absent (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F84C6E6BFE3BE89DD8BD99F8" box="[399,503,186,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1728,1752]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-24@26.[151,1436,181,1704]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 15. Tomopteris planktonis ZMMU WS20991, ZMMU WS20992 (A) general view, (B) anterior end, (C) 1st –2nd parapodia, (D) 3rd parapodium, (E) 4th parapodium. Designations: br—brain, ce—ciliated epaulette, ch—chromophile gland, go–gonad, hy—hyaline glands, mo—mouth, rs—rosette, st—streamer (secondary cirrus), ph–pharynx, pr—prostomium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371411" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371411/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 15B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Secondary cirri (streamers) 1–1.2 of body length. Dorsal and ventral parapodial rami of equal length (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F84C6E6BFE3FE8F9DB5899D4" box="[395,530,222,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1728,1752]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-24@26.[151,1436,181,1704]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 15. Tomopteris planktonis ZMMU WS20991, ZMMU WS20992 (A) general view, (B) anterior end, (C) 1st –2nd parapodia, (D) 3rd parapodium, (E) 4th parapodium. Designations: br—brain, ce—ciliated epaulette, ch—chromophile gland, go–gonad, hy—hyaline glands, mo—mouth, rs—rosette, st—streamer (secondary cirrus), ph–pharynx, pr—prostomium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371411" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371411/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 15C–E</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Pinnules oval, pinnal membranes do not adnate to parapodial trunk, membrane in dorsal ramus slightly lower than in ventral ramus. Hyaline glands apical, from 1
|
||||
<superScript id="7C679BC8F84C6E6BFBFBE925DD10983C" attach="left" box="[1103,1114,259,273]" fontSize="6" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">st</superScript>
|
||||
pair of parapodia in ventral pinnules (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F84C6E6BFEB3E901D8C5986C" box="[263,399,294,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1728,1752]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-24@26.[151,1436,181,1704]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 15. Tomopteris planktonis ZMMU WS20991, ZMMU WS20992 (A) general view, (B) anterior end, (C) 1st –2nd parapodia, (D) 3rd parapodium, (E) 4th parapodium. Designations: br—brain, ce—ciliated epaulette, ch—chromophile gland, go–gonad, hy—hyaline glands, mo—mouth, rs—rosette, st—streamer (secondary cirrus), ph–pharynx, pr—prostomium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371411" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371411/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 15C–E</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Chromophile glands from 3
|
||||
<superScript id="7C679BC8F84C6E6BFD54E900DBA49819" attach="left" box="[736,750,294,308]" fontSize="6" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">rd</superScript>
|
||||
parapodial pair, in 3
|
||||
<superScript id="7C679BC8F84C6E6BFC68E900DAA09819" attach="left" box="[988,1002,294,308]" fontSize="6" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">rd</superScript>
|
||||
pair of parapodia they incompact and poorly visible, from 4
|
||||
<superScript id="7C679BC8F84C6E6BFE3CE96CD8DF9875" attach="left" box="[392,405,330,344]" fontSize="6" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">th</superScript>
|
||||
parapodial pair chromopile glands with 8–10 tubes, compact and large; base of ventral ramus terminates at proximal end of chromophile gland and not bordered by pinnule (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F84C6E6BFBA4E949DDDD98A4" box="[1040,1175,366,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1728,1752]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-24@26.[151,1436,181,1704]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 15. Tomopteris planktonis ZMMU WS20991, ZMMU WS20992 (A) general view, (B) anterior end, (C) 1st –2nd parapodia, (D) 3rd parapodium, (E) 4th parapodium. Designations: br—brain, ce—ciliated epaulette, ch—chromophile gland, go–gonad, hy—hyaline glands, mo—mouth, rs—rosette, st—streamer (secondary cirrus), ph–pharynx, pr—prostomium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371411" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371411/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 15C–E</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Small yellow rosettes present from 1
|
||||
<superScript id="7C679BC8F84C6E6BFE8DE9B5D80E988C" attach="left" box="[313,324,403,417]" fontSize="6" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">st</superScript>
|
||||
pair of parapodia, they are located in ventral pinnule between chromophile and hyaline glands (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F84C6E6BFADBE9B5D9A398FC" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1728,1752]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-24@26.[151,1436,181,1704]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 15. Tomopteris planktonis ZMMU WS20991, ZMMU WS20992 (A) general view, (B) anterior end, (C) 1st –2nd parapodia, (D) 3rd parapodium, (E) 4th parapodium. Designations: br—brain, ce—ciliated epaulette, ch—chromophile gland, go–gonad, hy—hyaline glands, mo—mouth, rs—rosette, st—streamer (secondary cirrus), ph–pharynx, pr—prostomium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371411" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371411/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 15C–E</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Gonads in dorsal rami (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F84C6E6BFDB0E991DB2398FC" box="[516,617,438,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1728,1752]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-24@26.[151,1436,181,1704]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 15. Tomopteris planktonis ZMMU WS20991, ZMMU WS20992 (A) general view, (B) anterior end, (C) 1st –2nd parapodia, (D) 3rd parapodium, (E) 4th parapodium. Designations: br—brain, ce—ciliated epaulette, ch—chromophile gland, go–gonad, hy—hyaline glands, mo—mouth, rs—rosette, st—streamer (secondary cirrus), ph–pharynx, pr—prostomium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371411" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371411/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 15E</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C308650BF84C6E6BFF73E9FCD9AF9B10" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F84C6E6BFF73E9FCD9AF9B10" blockId="28.[151,1437,151,969]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F84C6E6BFF73E9FCD82B98D9" bold="true" box="[199,353,474,500]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54A98822F84C6E6BFEDCE9FDD8EA98D8" box="[360,416,475,501]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Type</typeStatus>
|
||||
locality: Labrador,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3057610F84C6E6BFD34E9FDDB9E98D8" box="[640,724,475,501]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, South Equatorial currents (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F84C6E6BFBA4E9FDDDE798D8" author="Apstein, C." box="[1040,1197,475,501]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" pagination="1 - 62" refId="ref21749" refString="Apstein, C. (1900) Die Alciopiden und Tomopteriden der Plankton-Expedition. Ergebnisse der Plankton-Expedition der Humboldt- Stiftung, 2, 1-62. [http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2130655]" type="journal article" year="1900">Apstein 1900</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). Later records for
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F84C6E6BFA3CE9FDD8469B34" authorityName="Apstein" authorityYear="1900" class="Polychaeta" family="Tomopteridae" genus="Tomopteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="planctonis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F84C6E6BFA3CE9FDD8469B34" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">T. planctonis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
include: Atlantic Ocean from
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3057610F84C6E6BFDDAE9D9DBA99B34" box="[622,739,511,537]" name="Greenland" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Greenland</collectingCountry>
|
||||
to
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3057610F84C6E6BFCBFE9D9DAC99B34" box="[779,899,511,537]" name="Antarctica" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Antarctica</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, Mediterranean, Pacific; Central
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F84C6E6BFAB5E9D9DC2A9B34" authority="Sea" authorityName="Sea (Wehe & Fiege" authorityYear="2002" box="[1281,1376,511,537]" class="Alsuviricetes" family="Alphaflexiviridae" genus="Red" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Orthornavirae" order="Tymovirales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Kitrinoviricota" rank="genus">Red Sea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(this study).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C308650BF84C6E6BFF73EA61DC0B9AE4" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F84C6E6BFF73EA61DBD09BA8" blockId="28.[151,1437,151,969]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F84C6E6BFF73EA61D8719B4C" bold="true" box="[199,315,583,609]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||||
Both morphologically and according to 18S and 28S markers,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F84C6E6BFBACEA61DDE19B4C" authorityName="Apstein" authorityYear="1900" box="[1048,1195,583,609]" class="Polychaeta" family="Tomopteridae" genus="Tomopteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="planktonis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F84C6E6BFBACEA61DDE19B4C" box="[1048,1195,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">T. planktonis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F84C6E6BFA95EA61DC359B4C" authority="Sea" authorityName="Sea (Wehe & Fiege" authorityYear="2002" box="[1313,1407,583,609]" class="Alsuviricetes" family="Alphaflexiviridae" genus="Red" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Orthornavirae" order="Tymovirales" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Kitrinoviricota" rank="genus">Red Sea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is similar to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F84C6E6BFEBDEA4DD8D39BA8" authorityName="Apstein" authorityYear="1900" box="[265,409,619,645]" class="Polychaeta" family="Tomopteridae" genus="Tomopteris" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="planktonis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F84C6E6BFEBDEA4DD8D39BA8" box="[265,409,619,645]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">T. planktonis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from the Weddell Sea.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F84C6E6BFF73EAA8DC0B9B85" blockId="28.[151,1437,151,969]" box="[199,1345,654,681]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F84C6E6BFF73EAA8DC0B9B85" bold="true" box="[199,1345,654,681]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Applicability of the COI marker obtained with universal primers in holopelagic annelid families</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F84C6E6BFF73EA95DC0B9AE4" blockId="28.[151,1437,151,969]" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">
|
||||
General topology of the tree inferred from nuclear 18S and 28S including all considered families is presented in
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F84C6E6BFF23EAF1D9B49BDC" box="[151,254,727,753]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1618,1642]" captionTargetBox="[185,1400,757,1586]" captionTargetId="figure-213@27.[177,1410,749,1594]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 16. Bayesian tree inferred from concatenated alignments including all 18S and 28S sequences (A), and 18S + 28S + COI sequences (B) together with corresponding sequences from GenBank. Black numbers above branches indicate Maximum Likelihood (ML) bootstrap values; blue numbers below show Bayesian posterior probabilities (BI). Numbers in brackets indicate number of individual vouchers in a collapsed branch. IDs of specimens collected in the Red Sea during the present study marked by blue filling with yellow text." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371413" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371413/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 16A</figureCitation>
|
||||
. It conforms to contemporary conception of relationships between holopelagic annelid families. However, including COI sequences in the analysis introduces some changes in the topology above genus level, although it does not affect the species-level results. Thus, in 18S + 28S + COI concatenated tree within the family
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F84C6E6BFB66EB39DCD39A14" authorityName="Uljanin" authorityYear="1878" box="[1234,1433,799,825]" class="Polychaeta" family="Typhloscolecidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Annelida" rank="family">Typhloscolecidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, the genus
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F84C6E6BFEA1EB65D8E19A70" authorityName="Busch" authorityYear="1851" box="[277,427,835,861]" class="Polychaeta" family="Typhloscolecidae" genus="Typhloscolex" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Typhloscolex</taxonomicName>
|
||||
becomes non-monophyletic with one lineage merged inside
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F84C6E6BFB32EB65DC479A71" box="[1158,1293,835,860]" class="Polychaeta" family="Typhloscolecidae" genus="Travisiopsis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F84C6E6BFB32EB65DC479A71" box="[1158,1293,835,860]" italics="true" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Travisiopsis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F84C6E6BFA97EB65DCC59A70" box="[1315,1423,835,861]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1618,1642]" captionTargetBox="[185,1400,757,1586]" captionTargetId="figure-213@27.[177,1410,749,1594]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 16. Bayesian tree inferred from concatenated alignments including all 18S and 28S sequences (A), and 18S + 28S + COI sequences (B) together with corresponding sequences from GenBank. Black numbers above branches indicate Maximum Likelihood (ML) bootstrap values; blue numbers below show Bayesian posterior probabilities (BI). Numbers in brackets indicate number of individual vouchers in a collapsed branch. IDs of specimens collected in the Red Sea during the present study marked by blue filling with yellow text." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371413" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371413/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 16B</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F84C6E6BFF23EB41D8789AAC" authorityName="Grube" authorityYear="1850" box="[151,306,871,897]" class="Polychaeta" family="Tomopteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Annelida" rank="family">Tomopteridae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are grouped with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F84C6E6BFE49EB41DB329AAC" box="[509,632,871,897]" class="Polychaeta" family="Glyceridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Annelida" rank="family">Glyceridae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
in the 28S + 18S tree (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F84C6E6BFCCDEB41DAAB9AAC" box="[889,993,871,897]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1618,1642]" captionTargetBox="[185,1400,757,1586]" captionTargetId="figure-213@27.[177,1410,749,1594]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 16. Bayesian tree inferred from concatenated alignments including all 18S and 28S sequences (A), and 18S + 28S + COI sequences (B) together with corresponding sequences from GenBank. Black numbers above branches indicate Maximum Likelihood (ML) bootstrap values; blue numbers below show Bayesian posterior probabilities (BI). Numbers in brackets indicate number of individual vouchers in a collapsed branch. IDs of specimens collected in the Red Sea during the present study marked by blue filling with yellow text." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371413" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371413/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 16A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Conversely, when the COI is added to the analysis, the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F84C6E6BFEE5EBADD8A69A88" authorityName="Grube" authorityYear="1850" box="[337,492,907,933]" class="Polychaeta" family="Tomopteridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Annelida" rank="family">Tomopteridae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
clade becomes a sister group to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F84C6E6BFCEDEBADDD579A88" authorityName="Uljanin" authorityYear="1878" box="[857,1053,907,933]" class="Polychaeta" family="Typhloscolecidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Annelida" rank="family">Typhloscolecidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F84C6E6BFB98EBADDDD89A88" box="[1068,1170,907,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1618,1642]" captionTargetBox="[185,1400,757,1586]" captionTargetId="figure-213@27.[177,1410,749,1594]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 16. Bayesian tree inferred from concatenated alignments including all 18S and 28S sequences (A), and 18S + 28S + COI sequences (B) together with corresponding sequences from GenBank. Black numbers above branches indicate Maximum Likelihood (ML) bootstrap values; blue numbers below show Bayesian posterior probabilities (BI). Numbers in brackets indicate number of individual vouchers in a collapsed branch. IDs of specimens collected in the Red Sea during the present study marked by blue filling with yellow text." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371413" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371413/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 16B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Nothing changes only in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F84C6E6BFF06EB89D8559AE4" box="[178,287,943,969]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Annelida" rank="tribe" tribe="Alciopini">Alciopini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, which are nested within
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F84C6E6BFD88EB89DB969AE4" authorityName="Orsted" authorityYear="1843" box="[572,732,943,969]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="28" pageNumber="29" phylum="Annelida" rank="family">Phyllodocidae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
regardless of which set of markers was used (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F84C6E6BFB54EB89DC7E9AE4" box="[1248,1332,943,969]" captionStart="FIGURE 16" captionStartId="27.[151,250,1618,1642]" captionTargetBox="[185,1400,757,1586]" captionTargetId="figure-213@27.[177,1410,749,1594]" captionTargetPageId="27" captionText="FIGURE 16. Bayesian tree inferred from concatenated alignments including all 18S and 28S sequences (A), and 18S + 28S + COI sequences (B) together with corresponding sequences from GenBank. Black numbers above branches indicate Maximum Likelihood (ML) bootstrap values; blue numbers below show Bayesian posterior probabilities (BI). Numbers in brackets indicate number of individual vouchers in a collapsed branch. IDs of specimens collected in the Red Sea during the present study marked by blue filling with yellow text." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371413" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371413/files/figure.png" pageId="28" pageNumber="29">Fig. 16</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
593
data/03/BB/87/03BB8796F8556E7FFF23EDECDD249F7C.xml
Normal file
593
data/03/BB/87/03BB8796F8556E7FFF23EDECDD249F7C.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,593 @@
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<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F8556E72FF23EDECDB0A9CC9" ID-CoL="6NNPH" authority="(Krohn, 1845)" baseAuthorityName="Krohn" baseAuthorityYear="1845" box="[151,576,1482,1509]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Krohnia" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lepidota">
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<emphasis id="B966EA92F8556E72FF23EDECD9B69CC8" bold="true" box="[151,252,1482,1509]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Krohnia</emphasis>
|
||||
cf.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8556E72FE9DEDECD8C39CC8" bold="true" box="[297,393,1482,1509]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">lepidota</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8556E72FE2DEDECDB729CC9" author="Krohn, A." box="[409,568,1482,1508]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="171 - 184" refId="ref24901" refString="Krohn, A. (1845) Zoologische und anatomische Bemerkungen uber die Alciopen. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, Berlin, 11, 171-184. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/51219#page/185]" type="journal article" year="1845">Krohn, 1845</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="C308650BF8556E72FF23EDC9D8419F24" box="[151,267,1519,1545]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="description">
|
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<paragraph id="8BAD3680F8556E72FF23EDC9D8419F24" blockId="5.[151,576,1482,1545]" box="[151,267,1519,1545]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
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(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F8556E72FF2BEDC9D8499F24" box="[159,259,1519,1545]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="3.[151,250,1774,1798]" captionStartId-1="6.[151,250,1294,1318]" captionStartId-2="7.[151,250,1540,1564]" captionStartId-3="9.[151,250,1209,1233]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1435,179,1748]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1434,558,1271]" captionTargetBox-2="[152,1435,705,1517]" captionTargetBox-3="[229,1360,238,1185]" captionTargetId-0="figure-18@3.[151,1435,179,1748]" captionTargetId-1="figure-141@6.[151,1435,558,1271]" captionTargetId-2="figure-252@7.[151,1435,705,1517]" captionTargetId-3="figure-36@9.[228,1360,237,1185]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionTargetPageId-2="7" captionTargetPageId-3="9" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Location of the study area and sampling scheme. Designations: yellow, green and purple circles mark first (12.12.2023), second (18.12.2023) and third (17.04.2024) sampling events, respectively." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Krohnia cf. lepidota ZMMU WS20944, general view. (A) anterior end, dorsal view, (B) anterior end, ventral view. Designations: fan–frontal antennae, man–median antenna, dc–regular dorsal tentacular cirri (pairs D1 and D2), ecs–cirrostyle of enlarged dorsal tentacular cirrus (pair D3), ecp–cirrophore of enlarged dorsal tentacular cirrus (pair D3), vc–ventral tentacular cirri, dcp–cirrophore of dorsal parapodial cirrus, vpc–ventral parapodial cirrus. Small black arrowheads point at brown dots, big white arrowheads point at segmental glands. A and B to same scale." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Krohnia cf. lepidota (ZMMU WS20944), parapodia and segmental glands. (A) segment 4, (B) segment 5, (C) segment 11, (D) segment 15. Designations: dcp–cirrophore of dorsal parapodial cirrus. Arrowheads point at segmental glands. A–C to same scale." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Bayesian tree inferred from concatenated 18S and 28S sequences obtained from our Alciopini material and from GenBank. Black numbers above branches indicate Maximum Likelihood bootstrap values; blue numbers below show Bayesian posterior probabilities. IDs of specimens collected in the Red Sea during the present study marked by blue boxes." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371378" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371380" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371382" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371384" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/15371378/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/15371380/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/15371382/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/15371384/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs 1–4</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C308650BF8556E71FF23EE15DDF598E0" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" type="reference_group">
|
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<paragraph id="8BAD3680F8556E72FF23EE15DD779F66" blockId="5.[151,1085,1587,1611]" box="[151,1085,1587,1611]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
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<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0211AEF8556E72FF23EE15DD779F66" box="[151,1085,1587,1611]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
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<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F8556E72FF23EE15D8B19F66" author="Krohn, A." box="[151,507,1587,1611]" page="171" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1845">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F8556E72FF23EE15D8B19F66" ID-CoL="BKKS" authority="Krohn, 1845: 171" authorityName="Krohn" authorityPageNumber="171" authorityYear="1845" box="[151,507,1587,1611]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Alciopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lepidota">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8556E72FF23EE15D8759F66" box="[151,319,1587,1611]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Alciopa lepidota</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8556E72FEF2EE15D8B19F66" author="Krohn, A." box="[326,507,1587,1611]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="171 - 184" refId="ref24901" refString="Krohn, A. (1845) Zoologische und anatomische Bemerkungen uber die Alciopen. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, Berlin, 11, 171-184. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/51219#page/185]" type="journal article" year="1845">Krohn, 1845: 171</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
, 175, Pl. 6
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F8556E72FDD9EE15DB959F66" box="[621,735,1587,1611]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 10" captionStart-1="FIGURE 11" captionStart-2="FIGURE 12" captionStart-3="FIGURE 13" captionStartId-0="19.[151,250,1512,1536]" captionStartId-1="21.[151,250,1817,1841]" captionStartId-2="22.[151,250,1594,1618]" captionStartId-3="24.[151,250,1712,1736]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1436,338,1489]" captionTargetBox-1="[230,1357,584,1792]" captionTargetBox-2="[158,1430,179,1568]" captionTargetBox-3="[151,1435,179,1686]" captionTargetId-0="figure-59@19.[151,1436,338,1489]" captionTargetId-1="figure-160@21.[229,1357,583,1793]" captionTargetId-2="figure-24@22.[158,1430,179,1568]" captionTargetId-3="figure-24@24.[151,1436,179,1686]" captionTargetPageId-0="19" captionTargetPageId-1="21" captionTargetPageId-2="22" captionTargetPageId-3="24" captionText-0="FIGURE 10. Typhloscolecidae. (A) Typhloscolex sp. ZMMU WS20976, (B) Typhloscolex sp., anterior end, ventral view, (C) Typhloscolex cf. muelleri ZMMU WS20977, (D) Typhloscolex robusus ZMMU WS20978. Designations: mo—mouth, no— nuchal organs, pb—proboscis, pd—palpodium, I—first cephalic cirrus, II—second cirrus, III—third cirrus." captionText-1="FIGURE 11. Typhloscolecidae from the Red Sea. Maximum Likelihood tree inferred from concatenated 18S and 28S sequences obtained from our material and from GenBank. Black numbers above branches indicate Maximum Likelihood (ML) bootstrap values; blue numbers below show Bayesian posterior probabilities (BI). IDs of specimens collected in the Red Sea during the present study marked with blue boxes." captionText-2="FIGURE 12. Typhloscolecidae. (A) Sagitella kowalewskii, anterior end, (B) posterior end, (C) Sagitella dubia comb. nov., anterior end, ZMMU WS20989 (D) posterior end, ZMMU WS20989 (E) general view of a “thick” worm, ZMMU WS20984, ZMMU WS20985, ZMMU WS20988 (F) anterior end, ventral view. Designations: cr—caruncle, no—nuchal organs, pb— proboscis, pd—palpodium, I—first cephalic cirrus, II—second cirrus, III—third cirrus. Black arrowhead indicates the place of attachment of the first cephalic cirrus, Sagitella kowalewskii has the second pair of cirri attached at the level of nuchal organs, Sagitella dubia comb. nov. has the first pair of cirri attached at the level of nuchal organs and the second pair on the neck." captionText-3="FIGURE 13. Tomopteris rolasi ZMMU WS20990 (A) general view, (B) anterior end, (C) 1st –2nd parapoia, (D) 4th parapodium. Designations: br—brain, ce—ciliated epaulette, ch—chromophile gland, mo—mouth, rs—rosette, st—streamer (secondary cirrus), ac—anterior (primary) cirrus, ph—pharynx, pr—prostomium." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371399" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371401" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371405" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371407" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/15371399/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/15371401/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/15371405/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/15371407/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs 10–13</figureCitation>
|
||||
[original description;
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49D6F862F8556E72FC74EE15DAB69F66" box="[960,1020,1587,1611]" country="Italy" name="Sicilia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Sicily</collectingRegion>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3057610F8556E72FBB3EE15DD729F66" box="[1031,1080,1587,1611]" name="Italy" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Italy</collectingCountry>
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||||
]
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F8556E72FF23EE5FD8D69FBE" blockId="5.[151,1436,1657,2026]" box="[151,412,1657,1683]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Mediterranean records.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F8556E72FF23EEBCDAE39F9F" blockId="5.[151,1436,1657,2026]" box="[151,937,1690,1714]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0211AEF8556E72FF23EEBCDAE39F9F" box="[151,937,1690,1714]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F8556E72FF23EEBCDB679F9F" author="Hering, E." box="[151,557,1690,1714]" page="760" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1892">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F8556E72FF23EEBCDB679F9F" ID-CoL="BKKS" authority="Hering 1892: 757 - 760" authorityName="Hering" authorityPageNumber="757 - 760" authorityYear="1892" box="[151,557,1690,1714]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Alciopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lepidota">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8556E72FF23EEBCD8759F9F" box="[151,319,1690,1714]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Alciopa lepidota</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8556E72FEF2EEBCDB679F9F" author="Hering, E." box="[326,557,1690,1714]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="713 - 768" refId="ref24151" refString="Hering, E. (1892) Zur Kenntniss der Alciopiden von Messina. Sitzungsberichte Der Akademie Der Wissenschaften Mathematisch- Naturwissenschaftliche Klasse, 101, 713-768. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/40145325#page/803]" type="journal article" year="1892">Hering 1892: 757–760</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
, Pl. VI,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F8556E72FD34EEBCDB939F9F" box="[640,729,1690,1714]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 4" captionStart-1="FIGURE 5" captionStart-2="FIGURE 6" captionStart-3="FIGURE 7" captionStart-4="FIGURE 8" captionStart-5="FIGURE 9" captionStartId-0="9.[151,250,1209,1233]" captionStartId-1="10.[151,250,1824,1848]" captionStartId-2="11.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionStartId-3="15.[151,250,1673,1697]" captionStartId-4="16.[151,250,1152,1176]" captionStartId-5="17.[151,250,1673,1697]" captionTargetBox-0="[229,1360,238,1185]" captionTargetBox-1="[268,1318,181,1800]" captionTargetBox-2="[167,1421,179,1917]" captionTargetBox-3="[151,1435,179,1647]" captionTargetBox-4="[151,1436,181,1128]" captionTargetBox-5="[233,1361,1039,1643]" captionTargetId-0="figure-36@9.[228,1360,237,1185]" captionTargetId-1="figure-24@10.[268,1318,181,1800]" captionTargetId-2="figure-18@11.[167,1421,179,1917]" captionTargetId-3="figure-18@15.[151,1435,179,1647]" captionTargetId-4="figure-24@16.[151,1436,181,1128]" captionTargetId-5="figure-373@17.[227,1361,1036,1650]" captionTargetPageId-0="9" captionTargetPageId-1="10" captionTargetPageId-2="11" captionTargetPageId-3="15" captionTargetPageId-4="16" captionTargetPageId-5="17" captionText-0="FIGURE 4. Bayesian tree inferred from concatenated 18S and 28S sequences obtained from our Alciopini material and from GenBank. Black numbers above branches indicate Maximum Likelihood bootstrap values; blue numbers below show Bayesian posterior probabilities. IDs of specimens collected in the Red Sea during the present study marked by blue boxes." captionText-1="FIGURE 5. Vanadis minuta, general view. (A) uncolored lineage, anterior end of female specimen ZMMU WS20962, dorsal view, (B) lineage with faintly colored segmental glands, anterior end of male specimen ZMMU WS20962, ventral view, (C– E) coloration of glands in colored lineage (ZMMU WS20962). Designations: pr—proboscis, lh—lateral horns, fl—flange connecting bases of lateral horns, fan—frontal antennae, man–median antenna, tc—tentacular cirri, cph1—enlarged cirrophore of first tentacular cirrus, rp—reduced parapodium, rs–receptacula seminis. White arrowheads point at uncolored segmental glands, black arrowheads point at colored segmental glands." captionText-2="FIGURE 6. Vanadis minuta male (ZMMU WS32206), parapodia. (A) segment 4, (B) segment 5, (C) segment 7, (D) segment 9, (E) segment 10, (F) segment 15. A–F to same scale." captionText-3="FIGURE 7. Plotohelmis cf. capitata male (ZMMU WS20963), general view. (A) anterior end, dorsal view, (B) anterior end, ventral view. Designations: pr—proboscis, mp—marginal papillae of proboscis, fan—frontal antennae, man—median antenna, dc—dorsal tentacular cirri, vc—ventral tentacular cirri/ Black arrowheads point at genital papillae, white arrowheads point at segmental glands A and B to same scale." captionText-4="FIGURE 8. Plotohelmis cf. capitata ZMMU WS20963, parapodia. (A) segment 5, (B) segment 8, (C) segment 12, (D) segment 20. Designations: small black arrows point at broken acicular chaetae. A–C to same scale." captionText-5="FIGURE 9. Relationships of Pelagobia longicirrata from the Red Sea (ZMMU WS20993) with other Pelagobia species (data from GenBank) using the 18S gene marker. Black numbers above branches indicate Maximum Likelihood (ML) bootstrap values; blue numbers below show Bayesian posterior probabilities (BI). ID of the specimen collected in the Red Sea during the present study marked with blue box." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371384" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371389" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371391" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371393" figureDoi-4="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371395" figureDoi-5="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371397" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/15371384/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/15371389/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/15371391/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/15371393/files/figure.png" httpUri-4="https://zenodo.org/record/15371395/files/figure.png" httpUri-5="https://zenodo.org/record/15371397/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs 4–9</figureCitation>
|
||||
[description;
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49D6F862F8556E72FCD1EEBCDAE99F9F" box="[869,931,1690,1714]" country="Italy" name="Sicilia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Sicily</collectingRegion>
|
||||
]
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F8556E72FF23EE9EDA3C9FFD" blockId="5.[151,1436,1657,2026]" box="[151,886,1720,1744]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F8556E72FF23EE9EDB469FFD" ID-CoL="6NNPH" authority="Quatrefages 1865 b" authorityName="Quatrefages" authorityYear="1865" box="[151,524,1720,1744]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Krohnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lepidota">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8556E72FF23EE9ED80E9FFD" box="[151,324,1720,1744]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Krohnia lepidota</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8556E72FEFEEE9EDB469FFD" author="Quatrefages, M. A. de" box="[330,524,1720,1744]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refId="ref25776" refString="Quatrefages, M. A. de (1865 b) Histoire naturelle des Anneles marins et d'eau douce. Annelides et Gephyriens. 2. Librarie Encyclopedique de Roret, Paris, 794 pp. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.122818" type="book" year="1865">Quatrefages 1865b</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, 158–159 [brief description;
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49D6F862F8556E72FC87EE9EDA3B9FFD" box="[819,881,1720,1744]" country="Italy" name="Sicilia" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Sicily</collectingRegion>
|
||||
]
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F8556E72FF23EEF1D8379E23" blockId="5.[151,1436,1657,2026]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0211AEF8556E72FF23EEF1D8379E23" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F8556E72FF23EEF1DB199FC2" author="Fauvel, P." box="[151,595,1751,1775]" page="212" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1923">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F8556E72FF23EEF1DB199FC2" ID-CoL="PV29" authority="Fauvel 1923: 211 - 212" authorityName="Fauvel" authorityPageNumber="211 - 212" authorityYear="1923" box="[151,595,1751,1775]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Callizonella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lepidota">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8556E72FF23EEF1D8219FC2" box="[151,363,1751,1775]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Callizonella lepidota</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8556E72FEC4EEF1DB199FC2" author="Fauvel, P." box="[368,595,1751,1775]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 488" refId="ref23272" refString="Fauvel, P. (1923) Polychetes Errantes. Faune de France, 5, 1-488. http://www.faunedefrance.org/" type="journal article" year="1923">Fauvel 1923: 211–212</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
, Fig. 79 e–h [description;
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3057610F8556E72FCE2EEF1DAD69FC2" box="[854,924,1751,1775]" name="France" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">France</collectingCountry>
|
||||
].—
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F8556E72FC0AEEF1DD879FC2" author="Wesenberg-Lund, E." box="[958,1229,1751,1775]" page="38" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1939">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8556E72FC0AEEF1DD879FC2" author="Wesenberg-Lund, E." box="[958,1229,1751,1775]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 46" refId="ref27801" refString="Wesenberg-Lund, E. (1939) Pelagic polychaetes of the families Aphroditidae, Phyllodocidae, Typhloscolecidae and Alciopidae. Report on the Danish Oceanographical Expeditions 1908 - 10 to the Mediterranean and adjacent seas. Biology, 2 (1), 1-46." type="journal article" year="1939">Wesenberg-Lund 1939: 38</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
[description; widely in Mediterranean]
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F8556E72FF23EF3ED8199E1F" blockId="5.[151,1436,1657,2026]" box="[151,339,1816,1842]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Atlantic records.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F8556E72FF23EF1EDA029E7D" blockId="5.[151,1436,1657,2026]" box="[151,840,1848,1873]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0211AEF8556E72FF23EF1EDA029E7D" box="[151,840,1848,1873]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F8556E72FF23EF1EDB629E7C" author="Langerhans, P." box="[151,552,1848,1873]" page="312" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1880">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F8556E72FF23EF1EDB629E7C" ID-CoL="BKKS" authority="Langerhans 1880: 312" authorityName="Langerhans" authorityPageNumber="312" authorityYear="1880" box="[151,552,1848,1873]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Alciopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lepidota">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8556E72FF23EF1ED8759E7D" box="[151,319,1848,1872]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Alciopa lepidota</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8556E72FEF2EF1EDB629E7C" author="Langerhans, P." box="[326,552,1848,1873]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="271 - 316" refId="ref25023" refString="Langerhans, P. (1880) Die wurmfauna Madeiras. II. Zeitschrift fur wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 33 (1 - 2), 271-316. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/45632728]" type="journal article" year="1880">Langerhans 1880: 312</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
[brief description; Madeira]
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F8556E72FF23EF71DABD9EE6" blockId="5.[151,1436,1657,2026]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0211AEF8556E72FF23EF71DABD9EE6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F8556E72FF23EF71DB6D9E42" author="Stop-Bowitz, C." box="[151,551,1879,1903]" page="33" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1948">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F8556E72FF23EF71DB6D9E42" ID-CoL="6NNPH" authority="Stop-Bowitz 1948: 33" authorityName="Stop-Bowitz" authorityPageNumber="33" authorityYear="1948" box="[151,551,1879,1903]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Krohnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lepidota">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8556E72FF23EF71D8099E42" box="[151,323,1879,1903]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Krohnia lepidota</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8556E72FEFDEF71DB6D9E42" author="Stop-Bowitz, C." box="[329,551,1879,1903]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="1 - 91" refId="ref26735" refString="Stop-Bowitz, C. (1948) Polychaeta from the " Michael Sars " North Atlantic deep-sea expedition 1910. Report on the Scientific Results of the Michael Sars North Atlantic Deep-Sea Expedition, 5 (8), 1-91." type="journal article" year="1948">Støp-Bowitz 1948: 33</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
[description; west of Canary Islands and central Atlantic], 1992: 58–60 [description; off Central Africa].—
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F8556E72FECBEF50DB079EA3" author="Day, J. H." box="[383,589,1910,1934]" page="178" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1967">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8556E72FECBEF50DB079EA3" author="Day, J. H." box="[383,589,1910,1934]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" refId="ref22621" refString="Day, J. H. (1967) Polychaeta of Southern Africa. Part 1. Errantia. British Museum of the Natural History, London, 458 pp. [http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/8596]" type="book" year="1967">Day 1967: 178–179</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F8556E72FDE3EF50DB9E9EA0" box="[599,724,1910,1934]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1673,1697]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,179,1647]" captionTargetId="figure-18@15.[151,1435,179,1647]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Plotohelmis cf. capitata male (ZMMU WS20963), general view. (A) anterior end, dorsal view, (B) anterior end, ventral view. Designations: pr—proboscis, mp—marginal papillae of proboscis, fan—frontal antennae, man—median antenna, dc—dorsal tentacular cirri, vc—ventral tentacular cirri/ Black arrowheads point at genital papillae, white arrowheads point at segmental glands A and B to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371393" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371393/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Fig. 7.1 I–K</figureCitation>
|
||||
[description; off
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3057610F8556E72FC32EF50DD409EA3" box="[902,1034,1910,1934]" name="South Africa" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">South Africa</collectingCountry>
|
||||
].—
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F8556E72FB98EF50DDA99EA3" author="Tebble, N." box="[1068,1251,1910,1934]" page="193" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1960">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8556E72FB98EF50DDA99EA3" author="Tebble, N." box="[1068,1251,1910,1934]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="161 - 299" refId="ref27285" refString="Tebble, N. (1960) The distribution of pelagic polychaetes in the South Atlantic Ocean. Discovery Reports, 30, 161-299." type="journal article" year="1960">Tebble 1960: 193</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
, 255–256, Fig. 50 (map of records) [description, biogeography; sub-tropical and tropical Atlantic].—
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F8556E72FBB2EFB2DD9C9E80" author="Rice, S. A." box="[1030,1238,1940,1965]" page="120" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1987">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8556E72FBB2EFB2DD9C9E80" author="Rice, S. A." box="[1030,1238,1940,1965]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="114 - 127" refId="ref26128" refString="Rice, S. A. (1987) Reproductive biology, systematics, and evolution in the polychaete family Alciopidae. Bulletin of the Biological Society of Washington, 7, 114-127." type="journal article" year="1987">Rice 1987: 120–122</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F8556E72FB54EFB2DC7D9E81" box="[1248,1335,1940,1965]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1774,1798]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,179,1748]" captionTargetId="figure-18@3.[151,1435,179,1748]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Location of the study area and sampling scheme. Designations: yellow, green and purple circles mark first (12.12.2023), second (18.12.2023) and third (17.04.2024) sampling events, respectively." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371378" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371378/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Figs 1 B</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F8556E72FAF5EFB3DC229E81" box="[1345,1384,1941,1965]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1540,1564]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,705,1517]" captionTargetId="figure-252@7.[151,1435,705,1517]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Krohnia cf. lepidota (ZMMU WS20944), parapodia and segmental glands. (A) segment 4, (B) segment 5, (C) segment 11, (D) segment 15. Designations: dcp–cirrophore of dorsal parapodial cirrus. Arrowheads point at segmental glands. A–C to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371382" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371382/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3 D</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F8556E72FAC6EFB3DCD29E80" box="[1394,1432,1941,1965]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1209,1233]" captionTargetBox="[229,1360,238,1185]" captionTargetId="figure-36@9.[228,1360,237,1185]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Bayesian tree inferred from concatenated 18S and 28S sequences obtained from our Alciopini material and from GenBank. Black numbers above branches indicate Maximum Likelihood bootstrap values; blue numbers below show Bayesian posterior probabilities. IDs of specimens collected in the Red Sea during the present study marked by blue boxes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371384/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">4 C</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F8556E72FF73EF95D9A29EE6" box="[199,232,1971,1995]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1824,1848]" captionTargetBox="[268,1318,181,1800]" captionTargetId="figure-24@10.[268,1318,181,1800]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Vanadis minuta, general view. (A) uncolored lineage, anterior end of female specimen ZMMU WS20962, dorsal view, (B) lineage with faintly colored segmental glands, anterior end of male specimen ZMMU WS20962, ventral view, (C– E) coloration of glands in colored lineage (ZMMU WS20962). Designations: pr—proboscis, lh—lateral horns, fl—flange connecting bases of lateral horns, fan—frontal antennae, man–median antenna, tc—tentacular cirri, cph1—enlarged cirrophore of first tentacular cirrus, rp—reduced parapodium, rs–receptacula seminis. White arrowheads point at uncolored segmental glands, black arrowheads point at colored segmental glands." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371389/files/figure.png" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">5 F</figureCitation>
|
||||
[detailed comparison with
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8556E72FE49EF95DB869EE6" box="[509,716,1971,1995]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Krohnia foliocirrata</emphasis>
|
||||
Rice, 1984; Bahama Islands]
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F8556E72FF23EFF4DD3E9EC7" blockId="5.[151,1436,1657,2026]" box="[151,1140,2002,2026]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0211AEF8556E72FF23EFF4DD3E9EC7" box="[151,1140,2002,2026]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F8556E72FF23EFF4DB0B9EC7" author="Greeff, R." box="[151,577,2002,2026]" page="72" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" year="1876">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F8556E72FF23EFF4DB0B9EC7" ID-CoL="5X7R9" authority="Greeff, 1876: 71 - 72" authorityName="Greeff" authorityPageNumber="71 - 72" authorityYear="1876" box="[151,577,2002,2026]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Callizona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="cincinnata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8556E72FF23EFF4D8219EC4" box="[151,363,2002,2026]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Callizona cincinnata</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8556E72FEC5EFF4DB0B9EC7" author="Greeff, R." box="[369,577,2002,2026]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" pagination="34 - 122" refId="ref23894" refString="Greeff, R. (1876) Untersuchungen uber die Alciopiden. Nova Acta der Kaiserlichen Leopold-Carolin Deutschen Akademie der Naturforscher, 39 (2), 34-122. [http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12766776]" type="journal article" year="1876">Greeff, 1876: 71–72</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
, Pl. 5 Figs 56–59 [original description;
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49D6F862F8556E72FC60EFF4DD279EC7" box="[980,1133,2002,2026]" country="Spain" name="Canarias" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Canary Islands</collectingRegion>
|
||||
]
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F8566E71FF23E8B1DDB49982" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,462]" box="[151,1278,150,175]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0211AEF8566E71FF23E8B1DDB49982" box="[151,1278,150,175]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F8566E71FF23E8B1DB439982" author="Greeff, R." box="[151,521,151,175]" page="62" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="1876">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F8566E71FF23E8B1DB439982" ID-CoL="BKKN" authority="Greeff, 1876: 60 - 62" authorityName="Greeff" authorityPageNumber="60 - 62" authorityYear="1876" box="[151,521,151,175]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Alciopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="cirrata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8566E71FF23E8B1D8789983" box="[151,306,151,175]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Alciopa cirrata</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8566E71FE8DE8B1DB439982" author="Greeff, R." box="[313,521,151,175]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="34 - 122" refId="ref23894" refString="Greeff, R. (1876) Untersuchungen uber die Alciopiden. Nova Acta der Kaiserlichen Leopold-Carolin Deutschen Akademie der Naturforscher, 39 (2), 34-122. [http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12766776]" type="journal article" year="1876">Greeff, 1876: 60–62</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
, Pl. 1,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F8566E71FDFAE8B1DBEC9983" box="[590,678,150,175]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 5" captionStart-1="FIGURE 6" captionStartId-0="10.[151,250,1824,1848]" captionStartId-1="11.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox-0="[268,1318,181,1800]" captionTargetBox-1="[167,1421,179,1917]" captionTargetId-0="figure-24@10.[268,1318,181,1800]" captionTargetId-1="figure-18@11.[167,1421,179,1917]" captionTargetPageId-0="10" captionTargetPageId-1="11" captionText-0="FIGURE 5. Vanadis minuta, general view. (A) uncolored lineage, anterior end of female specimen ZMMU WS20962, dorsal view, (B) lineage with faintly colored segmental glands, anterior end of male specimen ZMMU WS20962, ventral view, (C– E) coloration of glands in colored lineage (ZMMU WS20962). Designations: pr—proboscis, lh—lateral horns, fl—flange connecting bases of lateral horns, fan—frontal antennae, man–median antenna, tc—tentacular cirri, cph1—enlarged cirrophore of first tentacular cirrus, rp—reduced parapodium, rs–receptacula seminis. White arrowheads point at uncolored segmental glands, black arrowheads point at colored segmental glands." captionText-1="FIGURE 6. Vanadis minuta male (ZMMU WS32206), parapodia. (A) segment 4, (B) segment 5, (C) segment 7, (D) segment 9, (E) segment 10, (F) segment 15. A–F to same scale." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371389" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371391" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/15371389/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/15371391/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs 5–6</figureCitation>
|
||||
and pl. 2 Figs 19–21 [original description;
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49D6F862F8566E71FBEAE8B1DDB29982" box="[1118,1272,151,175]" country="Spain" name="Canarias" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Canary Islands</collectingRegion>
|
||||
]
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F8566E71FF23E893DB3399C6" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,462]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0211AEF8566E71FF23E893DB3399C6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F8566E71FF23E893DB1B99E0" author="Apstein, C." box="[151,593,181,205]" page="13" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="1900">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F8566E71FF23E893DB1B99E0" ID-CoL="PV29" authority="Apstein 1900: 12 - 13" authorityName="Apstein" authorityPageNumber="12 - 13" authorityYear="1900" box="[151,593,181,205]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Callizonella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lepidota">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8566E71FF23E893D82599E0" box="[151,367,181,205]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Callizonella lepidota</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8566E71FEC2E893DB1B99E0" author="Apstein, C." box="[374,593,181,205]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 62" refId="ref21749" refString="Apstein, C. (1900) Die Alciopiden und Tomopteriden der Plankton-Expedition. Ergebnisse der Plankton-Expedition der Humboldt- Stiftung, 2, 1-62. [http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2130655]" type="journal article" year="1900">Apstein 1900: 12–13</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
, Pl. 2
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F8566E71FD22E893DA4299E0" box="[662,776,181,205]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 11" captionStart-1="FIGURE 12" captionStart-2="FIGURE 13" captionStartId-0="21.[151,250,1817,1841]" captionStartId-1="22.[151,250,1594,1618]" captionStartId-2="24.[151,250,1712,1736]" captionTargetBox-0="[230,1357,584,1792]" captionTargetBox-1="[158,1430,179,1568]" captionTargetBox-2="[151,1435,179,1686]" captionTargetId-0="figure-160@21.[229,1357,583,1793]" captionTargetId-1="figure-24@22.[158,1430,179,1568]" captionTargetId-2="figure-24@24.[151,1436,179,1686]" captionTargetPageId-0="21" captionTargetPageId-1="22" captionTargetPageId-2="24" captionText-0="FIGURE 11. Typhloscolecidae from the Red Sea. Maximum Likelihood tree inferred from concatenated 18S and 28S sequences obtained from our material and from GenBank. Black numbers above branches indicate Maximum Likelihood (ML) bootstrap values; blue numbers below show Bayesian posterior probabilities (BI). IDs of specimens collected in the Red Sea during the present study marked with blue boxes." captionText-1="FIGURE 12. Typhloscolecidae. (A) Sagitella kowalewskii, anterior end, (B) posterior end, (C) Sagitella dubia comb. nov., anterior end, ZMMU WS20989 (D) posterior end, ZMMU WS20989 (E) general view of a “thick” worm, ZMMU WS20984, ZMMU WS20985, ZMMU WS20988 (F) anterior end, ventral view. Designations: cr—caruncle, no—nuchal organs, pb— proboscis, pd—palpodium, I—first cephalic cirrus, II—second cirrus, III—third cirrus. Black arrowhead indicates the place of attachment of the first cephalic cirrus, Sagitella kowalewskii has the second pair of cirri attached at the level of nuchal organs, Sagitella dubia comb. nov. has the first pair of cirri attached at the level of nuchal organs and the second pair on the neck." captionText-2="FIGURE 13. Tomopteris rolasi ZMMU WS20990 (A) general view, (B) anterior end, (C) 1st –2nd parapoia, (D) 4th parapodium. Designations: br—brain, ce—ciliated epaulette, ch—chromophile gland, mo—mouth, rs—rosette, st—streamer (secondary cirrus), ac—anterior (primary) cirrus, ph—pharynx, pr—prostomium." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371401" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371405" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371407" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/15371401/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/15371405/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/15371407/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs 11–13</figureCitation>
|
||||
[description; equatorial to subtropical Atlantic].—
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F8566E71FAA7E893D86B99C1" author="Fauvel, P." page="211" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="1923">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8566E71FAA7E893D86B99C1" author="Fauvel, P." pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1 - 488" refId="ref23272" refString="Fauvel, P. (1923) Polychetes Errantes. Faune de France, 5, 1-488. http://www.faunedefrance.org/" type="journal article" year="1923">Fauvel 1923: 211–212</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
, Fig. 79 e–h [description;
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3057610F8566E71FD9FE8F2DB3999C6" box="[555,627,212,235]" name="France" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">France</collectingCountry>
|
||||
]
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F8566E71FF23E8D0D80C983D" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,462]" box="[151,326,246,272]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Pacific records.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F8566E71FF23E931DBFE9841" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,462]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0211AEF8566E71FF23E931DBFE9841" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F8566E71FF23E931DB029802" author="Ushakov, P. V." box="[151,584,279,303]" page="208" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="1972">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F8566E71FF23E931DB029802" ID-CoL="6NNPH" authority="Ushakov 1972: 207 - 208" authorityName="Ushakov" authorityPageNumber="207 - 208" authorityYear="1972" box="[151,584,279,303]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Krohnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lepidota">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8566E71FF23E931D80E9802" box="[151,324,279,303]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Krohnia lepidota</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8566E71FEFFE931DB029802" author="Ushakov, P. V." box="[331,584,279,303]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref27610" refString="Ushakov, P. V. (1972) Polychaetes of the suborder Phyllodociformia of the Polar Basin and the northwestern part of the Pacific: families Phyllodocidae, Alciopidae, Tomopteridae, Typhloscolecidae, and Lacydoniidae. Nauka, Leningrad, 138 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1972">Ushakov 1972: 207–208</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
, Pl. XXVI
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F8566E71FD0EE931DA589802" box="[698,786,279,303]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 1" captionStart-1="FIGURE 2" captionStart-2="FIGURE 3" captionStart-3="FIGURE 4" captionStartId-0="3.[151,250,1774,1798]" captionStartId-1="6.[151,250,1294,1318]" captionStartId-2="7.[151,250,1540,1564]" captionStartId-3="9.[151,250,1209,1233]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1435,179,1748]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1434,558,1271]" captionTargetBox-2="[152,1435,705,1517]" captionTargetBox-3="[229,1360,238,1185]" captionTargetId-0="figure-18@3.[151,1435,179,1748]" captionTargetId-1="figure-141@6.[151,1435,558,1271]" captionTargetId-2="figure-252@7.[151,1435,705,1517]" captionTargetId-3="figure-36@9.[228,1360,237,1185]" captionTargetPageId-0="3" captionTargetPageId-1="6" captionTargetPageId-2="7" captionTargetPageId-3="9" captionText-0="FIGURE 1. Location of the study area and sampling scheme. Designations: yellow, green and purple circles mark first (12.12.2023), second (18.12.2023) and third (17.04.2024) sampling events, respectively." captionText-1="FIGURE 2. Krohnia cf. lepidota ZMMU WS20944, general view. (A) anterior end, dorsal view, (B) anterior end, ventral view. Designations: fan–frontal antennae, man–median antenna, dc–regular dorsal tentacular cirri (pairs D1 and D2), ecs–cirrostyle of enlarged dorsal tentacular cirrus (pair D3), ecp–cirrophore of enlarged dorsal tentacular cirrus (pair D3), vc–ventral tentacular cirri, dcp–cirrophore of dorsal parapodial cirrus, vpc–ventral parapodial cirrus. Small black arrowheads point at brown dots, big white arrowheads point at segmental glands. A and B to same scale." captionText-2="FIGURE 3. Krohnia cf. lepidota (ZMMU WS20944), parapodia and segmental glands. (A) segment 4, (B) segment 5, (C) segment 11, (D) segment 15. Designations: dcp–cirrophore of dorsal parapodial cirrus. Arrowheads point at segmental glands. A–C to same scale." captionText-3="FIGURE 4. Bayesian tree inferred from concatenated 18S and 28S sequences obtained from our Alciopini material and from GenBank. Black numbers above branches indicate Maximum Likelihood bootstrap values; blue numbers below show Bayesian posterior probabilities. IDs of specimens collected in the Red Sea during the present study marked by blue boxes." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371378" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371380" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371382" figureDoi-3="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371384" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/15371378/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/15371380/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/15371382/files/figure.png" httpUri-3="https://zenodo.org/record/15371384/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Figs 1–4</figureCitation>
|
||||
[description; northwest Pacific].—
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F8566E71FBC1E93ED9A89860" author="Fernandez-Alamo, M. A." page="89" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="1983">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8566E71FBC1E93ED9A89860" author="Fernandez-Alamo, M. A." pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref23368" refString="Fernandez-Alamo, M. A. (1983) Los poliquetos pelagicos (Annelida - Polychaeta) del Pacifico oriental tropical: sistematica y zoogeografia. Dissertation, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico, D. F., 481 pp." type="book" year="1983">Fernández-Álamo 1983: 89– 93</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
, Fig. 22 [description; off
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3057610F8566E71FE59E913DB709860" box="[493,570,309,333]" name="Mexico" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||||
and Central America] —
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F8566E71FCF6E913DDD39860" author="Rozbaczylo, N. & Moreno, R. A. & Diaz-Diaz, O. & Vasquez-Yanez, P." box="[834,1177,309,333]" page="153" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="2020">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8566E71FCF6E913DDD39860" author="Rozbaczylo, N. & Moreno, R. A. & Diaz-Diaz, O. & Vasquez-Yanez, P." box="[834,1177,309,333]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="140 - 190" refId="ref26333" refString="Rozbaczylo, N., Moreno, R. A., Diaz-Diaz, O. & Vasquez-Yanez, P. (2020) Poliquetos holoplanctonicos en Chile. Boletin del Instituto Oceanografico de Venezuela, 59 (01), 140-190." type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||||
Rozbaczylo
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8566E71FC75E910DABF9860" box="[961,1013,309,333]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
2020: 153–154
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F8566E71FB11E913DC5E9860" box="[1189,1300,309,333]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1824,1848]" captionTargetBox="[268,1318,181,1800]" captionTargetId="figure-24@10.[268,1318,181,1800]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Vanadis minuta, general view. (A) uncolored lineage, anterior end of female specimen ZMMU WS20962, dorsal view, (B) lineage with faintly colored segmental glands, anterior end of male specimen ZMMU WS20962, ventral view, (C– E) coloration of glands in colored lineage (ZMMU WS20962). Designations: pr—proboscis, lh—lateral horns, fl—flange connecting bases of lateral horns, fan—frontal antennae, man–median antenna, tc—tentacular cirri, cph1—enlarged cirrophore of first tentacular cirrus, rp—reduced parapodium, rs–receptacula seminis. White arrowheads point at uncolored segmental glands, black arrowheads point at colored segmental glands." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371389/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 5 E–F</figureCitation>
|
||||
[description; northwest of Juan Fernandez archipelago,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3057610F8566E71FDC0E972DBE49841" box="[628,686,340,364]" name="Chile" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Chile</collectingCountry>
|
||||
]
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F8566E71FF23E955DDC698A6" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,462]" box="[151,1164,370,395]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0211AEF8566E71FF23E955DDC698A6" box="[151,1164,370,395]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F8566E71FF23E955DB0198A6" author="Treadwell, A. L." box="[151,587,371,395]" page="38" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="1943">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F8566E71FF23E955DB0198A6" ID-CoL="68VR9" authority="Treadwell, 1943: 38" authorityName="Treadwell" authorityPageNumber="38" authorityYear="1943" box="[151,587,371,395]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Callizonella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pigmenta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8566E71FF23E955D83D98A7" box="[151,375,371,395]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Callizonella pigmenta</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8566E71FECAE955DB0198A6" author="Treadwell, A. L." box="[382,587,371,395]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="29 - 59" refId="ref27499" refString="Treadwell, A. L. (1943) Polychaetous annelids. Scientific Results of Cruise VII of the Carnegie during 1928 - 1929 under Command of Captain J. P. Ault, 555, 29-59." type="journal article" year="1943">Treadwell, 1943: 38</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
, Pl. II Fig. 25 [original description; off Central America]
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F8566E71FF23E9B3D8C49882" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,462]" box="[151,398,405,431]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Indian Ocean records.</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F8566E71FF23E993DDF598E0" blockId="6.[151,1437,150,462]" box="[151,1215,437,462]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0211AEF8566E71FF23E993DDF598E0" box="[151,1215,437,462]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F8566E71FF23E993DB5C98E0" author="Day, J. H." box="[151,534,437,462]" page="179" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" year="1967">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F8566E71FF23E993DB5C98E0" ID-CoL="6NNPH" authority="Day 1967: 178 - 179" authorityName="Day" authorityPageNumber="178 - 179" authorityYear="1967" box="[151,534,437,462]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Krohnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lepidota">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8566E71FF23E993D80E98E0" box="[151,324,437,461]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Krohnia lepidota</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8566E71FEFEE990DB5C98E0" author="Day, J. H." box="[330,534,437,462]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" refId="ref22621" refString="Day, J. H. (1967) Polychaeta of Southern Africa. Part 1. Errantia. British Museum of the Natural History, London, 458 pp. [http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/8596]" type="book" year="1967">Day 1967: 178–179</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F8566E71FD94E993DBD698E0" box="[544,668,437,461]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1673,1697]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,179,1647]" captionTargetId="figure-18@15.[151,1435,179,1647]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Plotohelmis cf. capitata male (ZMMU WS20963), general view. (A) anterior end, dorsal view, (B) anterior end, ventral view. Designations: pr—proboscis, mp—marginal papillae of proboscis, fan—frontal antennae, man—median antenna, dc—dorsal tentacular cirri, vc—ventral tentacular cirri/ Black arrowheads point at genital papillae, white arrowheads point at segmental glands A and B to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371393" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371393/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 7.1 I–K</figureCitation>
|
||||
[description; Agulhas Current,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3057610F8566E71FC68E993DD2898E0" box="[988,1122,437,461]" name="Mozambique" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Mocambique</collectingCountry>
|
||||
Current]
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C308650BF8566E71FF23E9DDDA279B3B" box="[151,877,507,534]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F8566E71FF23E9DDDA279B3B" blockId="6.[151,877,507,534]" box="[151,877,507,534]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8566E71FF23E9DDD8CB9B38" bold="true" box="[151,385,507,533]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B7A3CDDF8566E71FE33E9DADA229B3B" box="[391,872,507,534]" collectionCode="ZMMU" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" specimenCode="WS20944" specimenCount="1">
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D14FD09F8566E71FE33E9DADB619B38" box="[391,555,507,534]" count="1" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="generic">One specimen</specimenCount>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED03AE45F8566E71FD82E9DADBC79B3B" box="[566,653,508,534]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="Museum">ZMMU</collectionCode>
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBB49EFBF8566E71FD27E9DADA499B3B" box="[659,771,508,534]" collectionCode="ZMMU" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="Museum">WS20944</specimenCode>
|
||||
(FA, Et)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<caption id="DF6D6608F8566E71FF23ED28DA0C9C9B" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371380" ID-Zenodo-Dep="15371380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371380/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" startId="6.[151,250,1294,1318]" targetBox="[151,1434,558,1271]" targetPageId="6" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F8566E71FF23ED28DA0C9C9B" blockId="6.[151,1437,1294,1462]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8566E71FF23ED28D8599C0B" bold="true" box="[151,275,1294,1318]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">FIGURE 2.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F8566E71FEADED28DB2F9C0B" authority="ZMMU WS" authorityName="ZMMU WS" box="[281,613,1294,1318]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Krohnia" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lepidota">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8566E71FEADED28D8279C0B" box="[281,365,1294,1318]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Krohnia</emphasis>
|
||||
cf.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8566E71FE26ED28D8AF9C0B" box="[402,485,1294,1318]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">lepidota</emphasis>
|
||||
ZMMU WS
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
20944, general view. (A) anterior end, dorsal view, (B) anterior end, ventral view. Designations: fan–frontal antennae, man–median antenna, dc–regular dorsal tentacular cirri (pairs D1 and D2), ecs–cirrostyle of enlarged dorsal tentacular cirrus (pair D3), ecp–cirrophore of enlarged dorsal tentacular cirrus (pair D3), vc–ventral tentacular cirri, dcp–cirrophore of dorsal parapodial cirrus, vpc–ventral parapodial cirrus. Small black arrowheads point at brown dots, big white arrowheads point at segmental glands. A and B to same scale.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C308650BF8566E70FF73EE2EDBB99B84" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F8566E70FF73EE2EDAC19880" blockId="6.[151,1437,1544,2039]" lastBlockId="7.[151,1437,151,681]" lastPageId="7" lastPageNumber="8" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8566E71FF73EE2ED8139F0F" bold="true" box="[199,345,1544,1570]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Description.</emphasis>
|
||||
Moderately preserved anterior part with 11chaetigers,
|
||||
<quantity id="4CEA9B65F8566E71FC0CEE2EDD479F0E" box="[952,1037,1544,1571]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="2.5">2.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long,
|
||||
<quantity id="4CEA9B65F8566E71FBE5EE2FDDEC9F0E" box="[1105,1190,1545,1571]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="7.0" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" unit="mm" value="0.7">0.7 mm</quantity>
|
||||
wide at 10
|
||||
<superScript id="7C679BC8F8566E71FAAAEE2EDC619F3B" attach="left" box="[1310,1323,1544,1558]" fontSize="6" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">th</superScript>
|
||||
chaetiger. Body slender, fragile. Prostomium small, not extending in front of eyes. Frontal antennae subequal, large and tapering, inserted close to each other (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F8566E71FDF2EE76DBC69F46" box="[582,652,1616,1643]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1294,1318]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,558,1271]" captionTargetId="figure-141@6.[151,1435,558,1271]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Krohnia cf. lepidota ZMMU WS20944, general view. (A) anterior end, dorsal view, (B) anterior end, ventral view. Designations: fan–frontal antennae, man–median antenna, dc–regular dorsal tentacular cirri (pairs D1 and D2), ecs–cirrostyle of enlarged dorsal tentacular cirrus (pair D3), ecp–cirrophore of enlarged dorsal tentacular cirrus (pair D3), vc–ventral tentacular cirri, dcp–cirrophore of dorsal parapodial cirrus, vpc–ventral parapodial cirrus. Small black arrowheads point at brown dots, big white arrowheads point at segmental glands. A and B to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371380/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Their ventral surface with a few longitudinal rows of small papillae (ventro-lateral rows may be seen from above). Median antenna of about same length, fusiform, its base sandwiched dorsally between eyes (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F8566E71FE2AEEBED8B39F9E" box="[414,505,1688,1715]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1294,1318]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,558,1271]" captionTargetId="figure-141@6.[151,1435,558,1271]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Krohnia cf. lepidota ZMMU WS20944, general view. (A) anterior end, dorsal view, (B) anterior end, ventral view. Designations: fan–frontal antennae, man–median antenna, dc–regular dorsal tentacular cirri (pairs D1 and D2), ecs–cirrostyle of enlarged dorsal tentacular cirrus (pair D3), ecp–cirrophore of enlarged dorsal tentacular cirrus (pair D3), vc–ventral tentacular cirri, dcp–cirrophore of dorsal parapodial cirrus, vpc–ventral parapodial cirrus. Small black arrowheads point at brown dots, big white arrowheads point at segmental glands. A and B to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371380/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Proboscis not everted in our specimen. Eyes large and directed obliquely forward and upwards (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F8566E71FE81EE9AD8C59FFA" box="[309,399,1724,1751]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1294,1318]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,558,1271]" captionTargetId="figure-141@6.[151,1435,558,1271]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Krohnia cf. lepidota ZMMU WS20944, general view. (A) anterior end, dorsal view, (B) anterior end, ventral view. Designations: fan–frontal antennae, man–median antenna, dc–regular dorsal tentacular cirri (pairs D1 and D2), ecs–cirrostyle of enlarged dorsal tentacular cirrus (pair D3), ecp–cirrophore of enlarged dorsal tentacular cirrus (pair D3), vc–ventral tentacular cirri, dcp–cirrophore of dorsal parapodial cirrus, vpc–ventral parapodial cirrus. Small black arrowheads point at brown dots, big white arrowheads point at segmental glands. A and B to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371380/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Tentacular cirri arranged as (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F8566E71FCCDEE9ADA9B9FFA" box="[889,977,1724,1751]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1294,1318]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,558,1271]" captionTargetId="figure-141@6.[151,1435,558,1271]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Krohnia cf. lepidota ZMMU WS20944, general view. (A) anterior end, dorsal view, (B) anterior end, ventral view. Designations: fan–frontal antennae, man–median antenna, dc–regular dorsal tentacular cirri (pairs D1 and D2), ecs–cirrostyle of enlarged dorsal tentacular cirrus (pair D3), ecp–cirrophore of enlarged dorsal tentacular cirrus (pair D3), vc–ventral tentacular cirri, dcp–cirrophore of dorsal parapodial cirrus, vpc–ventral parapodial cirrus. Small black arrowheads point at brown dots, big white arrowheads point at segmental glands. A and B to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371380/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Dorsal cirri of second pair (D2) shorter than D1 and D3 (D3>D1>D2). D1 stout, extending considerably beyond outer margin of the eyes. D3 enlarged; cirrophores extend laterally as wide as eyes’ outer margins. Cirrostyles long, cylindrical, with longitudinal row of large papillae ventrally. Total length of each cirrus exceeds distance between eyes’ outer margins. Ventral cirri smaller than corresponding dorsal ones; V2 tapering, V3 foliaceous, can be mistaken for ventral parapodial cirri in dorsal view. All parapodia well-developed (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F8566E71FD87EF56DB3D9EA6" box="[563,631,1904,1931]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1540,1564]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,705,1517]" captionTargetId="figure-252@7.[151,1435,705,1517]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Krohnia cf. lepidota (ZMMU WS20944), parapodia and segmental glands. (A) segment 4, (B) segment 5, (C) segment 11, (D) segment 15. Designations: dcp–cirrophore of dorsal parapodial cirrus. Arrowheads point at segmental glands. A–C to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371382" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371382/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Dorsal parapodial cirri lost in our specimen; their cirrophores swollen. Chaetigerous lobes with short cirriform appendage and protruding aciculum. Ventral cirri 1.5–2 times shorter than parapodial lobes, asymmetrically lanceolate, slightly swollen. Chaetae all simple. First pair of parapodia with one or two stout acicular chaetae (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F8566E71FE71EFFADB549EDA" box="[453,542,2012,2039]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1540,1564]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,705,1517]" captionTargetId="figure-252@7.[151,1435,705,1517]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Krohnia cf. lepidota (ZMMU WS20944), parapodia and segmental glands. (A) segment 4, (B) segment 5, (C) segment 11, (D) segment 15. Designations: dcp–cirrophore of dorsal parapodial cirrus. Arrowheads point at segmental glands. A–C to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371382" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371382/files/figure.png" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Fig. 3A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). They are straight with the very tip distinctly curved. Next 4 parapodia with 2–5 stout acicular chaetae with smoothly curved tips located ventral to aciculum (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F8576E70FC5AE8B1DD0F999C" box="[1006,1093,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1540,1564]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,705,1517]" captionTargetId="figure-252@7.[151,1435,705,1517]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Krohnia cf. lepidota (ZMMU WS20944), parapodia and segmental glands. (A) segment 4, (B) segment 5, (C) segment 11, (D) segment 15. Designations: dcp–cirrophore of dorsal parapodial cirrus. Arrowheads point at segmental glands. A–C to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371382" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371382/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 3B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Two straight acicular chaetae per parapodium in succeeding 4–5 chaetigers (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F8576E70FD1BE89DDA4399F8" box="[687,777,187,213]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1540,1564]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,705,1517]" captionTargetId="figure-252@7.[151,1435,705,1517]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Krohnia cf. lepidota (ZMMU WS20944), parapodia and segmental glands. (A) segment 4, (B) segment 5, (C) segment 11, (D) segment 15. Designations: dcp–cirrophore of dorsal parapodial cirrus. Arrowheads point at segmental glands. A–C to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371382" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371382/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 3C</figureCitation>
|
||||
); single straight and long acicular chaeta per parapodium in rest of segments (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F8576E70FE34E8F9D89699D4" box="[384,476,223,249]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1540,1564]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,705,1517]" captionTargetId="figure-252@7.[151,1435,705,1517]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Krohnia cf. lepidota (ZMMU WS20944), parapodia and segmental glands. (A) segment 4, (B) segment 5, (C) segment 11, (D) segment 15. Designations: dcp–cirrophore of dorsal parapodial cirrus. Arrowheads point at segmental glands. A–C to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371382" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371382/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 3D</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Capillaries present in all parapodia. In first pair, one or two chaetae of transitional
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54A98822F8576E70FF23E925D98D9830" box="[151,199,259,285]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
present (either short stout capillaries, or slender acicular chaetae). Several short regular capillaries present from second pair of parapodia. Posteriorly, capillaries form broad fan; their size and number increase backwards (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F8576E70FF2BE96DD8519848" box="[159,283,331,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1540,1564]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,705,1517]" captionTargetId="figure-252@7.[151,1435,705,1517]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Krohnia cf. lepidota (ZMMU WS20944), parapodia and segmental glands. (A) segment 4, (B) segment 5, (C) segment 11, (D) segment 15. Designations: dcp–cirrophore of dorsal parapodial cirrus. Arrowheads point at segmental glands. A–C to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371382" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371382/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 3B–D</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Segmental glands are vertical cushions located laterally posterior to parapodia from segment 9 (sixth parapodium) (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F8576E70FE81E949D83498A4" box="[309,382,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1294,1318]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,558,1271]" captionTargetId="figure-141@6.[151,1435,558,1271]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Krohnia cf. lepidota ZMMU WS20944, general view. (A) anterior end, dorsal view, (B) anterior end, ventral view. Designations: fan–frontal antennae, man–median antenna, dc–regular dorsal tentacular cirri (pairs D1 and D2), ecs–cirrostyle of enlarged dorsal tentacular cirrus (pair D3), ecp–cirrophore of enlarged dorsal tentacular cirrus (pair D3), vc–ventral tentacular cirri, dcp–cirrophore of dorsal parapodial cirrus, vpc–ventral parapodial cirrus. Small black arrowheads point at brown dots, big white arrowheads point at segmental glands. A and B to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371380/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Figs 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F8576E70FE3EE949D89B98A4" box="[394,465,367,393]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1540,1564]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,705,1517]" captionTargetId="figure-252@7.[151,1435,705,1517]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Krohnia cf. lepidota (ZMMU WS20944), parapodia and segmental glands. (A) segment 4, (B) segment 5, (C) segment 11, (D) segment 15. Designations: dcp–cirrophore of dorsal parapodial cirrus. Arrowheads point at segmental glands. A–C to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371382" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371382/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">3C–D</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Margins of ventral parapodial cirri, antennae and tentacular cirri are highly glandular (seen as granular areas which are densely stained by methyl green).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F8576E70FF73E991DBB99B84" blockId="7.[151,1437,151,681]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
Coloration: anterior part transparent with brownish pigmentation confined to parapodial bases, boundaries of segments and mid-ventral line. From first segment with glands, coloration becomes darker, especially around glands. Segmental glands dark brown (almost black). Characteristic pattern is formed by brown dots. Dorsum (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F8576E70FADBE9D9D9F49B10" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1294,1318]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,558,1271]" captionTargetId="figure-141@6.[151,1435,558,1271]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Krohnia cf. lepidota ZMMU WS20944, general view. (A) anterior end, dorsal view, (B) anterior end, ventral view. Designations: fan–frontal antennae, man–median antenna, dc–regular dorsal tentacular cirri (pairs D1 and D2), ecs–cirrostyle of enlarged dorsal tentacular cirrus (pair D3), ecp–cirrophore of enlarged dorsal tentacular cirrus (pair D3), vc–ventral tentacular cirri, dcp–cirrophore of dorsal parapodial cirrus, vpc–ventral parapodial cirrus. Small black arrowheads point at brown dots, big white arrowheads point at segmental glands. A and B to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371380/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 2A</figureCitation>
|
||||
): two longitudinal rows formed by one or two dots at each parapodial base. Ventrum (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F8576E70FBC8EA05DD9F9B10" box="[1148,1237,547,573]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="6.[151,250,1294,1318]" captionTargetBox="[151,1434,558,1271]" captionTargetId="figure-141@6.[151,1435,558,1271]" captionTargetPageId="6" captionText="FIGURE 2. Krohnia cf. lepidota ZMMU WS20944, general view. (A) anterior end, dorsal view, (B) anterior end, ventral view. Designations: fan–frontal antennae, man–median antenna, dc–regular dorsal tentacular cirri (pairs D1 and D2), ecs–cirrostyle of enlarged dorsal tentacular cirrus (pair D3), ecp–cirrophore of enlarged dorsal tentacular cirrus (pair D3), vc–ventral tentacular cirri, dcp–cirrophore of dorsal parapodial cirrus, vpc–ventral parapodial cirrus. Small black arrowheads point at brown dots, big white arrowheads point at segmental glands. A and B to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371380" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371380/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 2B</figureCitation>
|
||||
): two lateral rows formed by dots at parapodial bases (posteriorly obscured by segmental glands. Three (rarely four) dots per segment form ventral middle row. Areas of midline containing dots are slightly swollen. One to three faint (reddish) brown dots along margins of ventral parapodial cirri (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F8576E70FD15EAA9DBAF9B84" box="[673,741,655,681]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="7.[151,250,1540,1564]" captionTargetBox="[152,1435,705,1517]" captionTargetId="figure-252@7.[151,1435,705,1517]" captionTargetPageId="7" captionText="FIGURE 3. Krohnia cf. lepidota (ZMMU WS20944), parapodia and segmental glands. (A) segment 4, (B) segment 5, (C) segment 11, (D) segment 15. Designations: dcp–cirrophore of dorsal parapodial cirrus. Arrowheads point at segmental glands. A–C to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371382" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371382/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Fig. 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<caption id="DF6D6608F8576E70FF23EE22D8169F48" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371382" ID-Zenodo-Dep="15371382" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371382/files/figure.png" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" startId="7.[151,250,1540,1564]" targetBox="[152,1435,705,1517]" targetPageId="7" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F8576E70FF23EE22D8169F48" blockId="7.[151,1437,1540,1637]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8576E70FF23EE22D85F9F31" bold="true" box="[151,277,1540,1564]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">FIGURE 3.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F8576E70FEAAEE23D8BB9F30" box="[286,497,1541,1565]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Krohnia" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lepidota">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8576E70FEAAEE23D8389F30" box="[286,370,1541,1565]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Krohnia</emphasis>
|
||||
cf.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8576E70FE2AEE23D8BB9F30" box="[414,497,1541,1565]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">lepidota</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(ZMMU WS20944), parapodia and segmental glands. (A) segment 4, (B) segment 5, (C) segment 11, (D) segment 15. Designations: dcp–cirrophore of dorsal parapodial cirrus. Arrowheads point at segmental glands. A–C to same scale.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C308650BF8576E7FFF73EE91DDD99F24" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F8576E7FFF73EE91D8F899F8" blockId="7.[151,1437,1719,2033]" lastBlockId="8.[151,1437,151,1617]" lastPageId="8" lastPageNumber="9" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8576E70FF73EE91D8719FFC" bold="true" box="[199,315,1719,1745]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||||
Many authors described
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F8576E70FDE9EE91DA559FFC" box="[605,799,1719,1745]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Krohnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lepidota">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8576E70FDE9EE91DA559FFC" box="[605,799,1719,1745]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Krohnia lepidota</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
from different localities; however, their descriptions do not quite match and/or leave some important features uncertain. These differences cannot be readily attributed to geographically distinct populations because contradicting statements are sometimes obtained from the same area. The main features used to distinguish between species of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F8576E70FCA3EF05DA399E10" authorityName="Quatrefages" authorityYear="1865" box="[791,883,1827,1853]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Krohnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8576E70FCA3EF05DA399E10" box="[791,883,1827,1853]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Krohnia</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
are the size of dorsal parapodial cirri, the number of acicular chaetae in anterior chaetigers and the size of the tentacular cirri pair D3. Of these, only strongly enlarged tentacular cirri D3 are consistent throughout the descriptions of the species. Along with the characteristic pattern of black/brown dots they were used as the basis for synonymization of some
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F8576E70FC08EFA9DD599E84" authorityName="Audouin & Milne Edwards" authorityYear="1833" box="[956,1043,1935,1961]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Alciopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8576E70FC08EFA9DD599E84" box="[956,1043,1935,1961]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Alciopa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F8576E70FBABEFA9DDC69E84" authorityName="Doubleday" authorityYear="1848" box="[1055,1164,1935,1961]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Callizona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8576E70FBABEFA9DDC69E84" box="[1055,1164,1935,1961]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Callizona</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F8576E70FB0AEFA9DCD69E84" box="[1214,1436,1935,1961]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8576E70FB0AEFA9DC0D9E84" box="[1214,1351,1935,1961]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Callizonella</emphasis>
|
||||
species
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F8576E70FF7BEF95D8C49EE0" box="[207,398,1971,1997]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Krohnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lepidota">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8576E70FF7BEF95D8C49EE0" box="[207,398,1971,1997]" italics="true" pageId="7" pageNumber="8">Krohnia lepidota</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8576E70FE28EF95DB7C9EE0" author="Apstein, C." box="[412,566,1971,1997]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="1 - 62" refId="ref21749" refString="Apstein, C. (1900) Die Alciopiden und Tomopteriden der Plankton-Expedition. Ergebnisse der Plankton-Expedition der Humboldt- Stiftung, 2, 1-62. [http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2130655]" type="journal article" year="1900">Apstein 1900</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8576E70FDF5EF95DA5A9EE0" author="Stop-Bowitz, C." box="[577,784,1971,1997]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="1 - 91" refId="ref26735" refString="Stop-Bowitz, C. (1948) Polychaeta from the " Michael Sars " North Atlantic deep-sea expedition 1910. Report on the Scientific Results of the Michael Sars North Atlantic Deep-Sea Expedition, 5 (8), 1-91." type="journal article" year="1948">Støp-Bowitz 1948</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8576E70FCA8EF95DAD79EE3" author="Dales, R. P." box="[796,925,1971,1998]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="99 - 168" refId="ref22483" refString="Dales, R. P. (1957) Pelagic polychaetes of the Pacific Ocean. Bulletin of the Scripps Institution of Oceanogaphy, 7 (2), 99-168. [https://escholarship.org/uc/item/51c8j5nj]" type="journal article" year="1957">Dales 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8576E70FC1CEF95DDCC9EE0" author="Dales, R. P. & Peter, G." box="[936,1158,1971,1997]" pageId="7" pageNumber="8" pagination="55 - 92" refId="ref22579" refString="Dales, R. P. & Peter, G. (1972) A synopsis of the pelagic Polychaeta. Journal of Natural History, 6, 55-92. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222937200770071" type="journal article" year="1972">Dales & Peter 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). These notably enlarged tentacular cirri D3 are found in our specimen, as well. However, a unique feature of its tentacular arrangement is that the smallest pair of dorsal tentacular cirri is D2, whereas in all available descriptions the size of dorsal cirri simply increases from D1 to D3.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F8586E7FFF73E8F9DC239B84" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1617]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
The presence of acicular chaetae in the anterior segments is not specified in the first description by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8586E7FFAE1E8F9D9AF9830" author="Krohn, A." pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="171 - 184" refId="ref24901" refString="Krohn, A. (1845) Zoologische und anatomische Bemerkungen uber die Alciopen. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, Berlin, 11, 171-184. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/51219#page/185]" type="journal article" year="1845">Krohn (1845)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
; just their presence is noted in descriptions of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F8586E7FFD4EE925DAAF9831" authorityName="Greeff" authorityYear="1876" box="[762,997,259,285]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Callizona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="cincinnata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8586E7FFD4EE925DAAF9831" box="[762,997,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Callizona cincinnata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F8586E7FFBABE925DD879831" authorityName="Greeff" authorityYear="1876" box="[1055,1229,259,285]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Alciopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="cirrata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8586E7FFBABE925DD879831" box="[1055,1229,259,285]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Alciopa cirrata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8586E7FFB4DE925DCD29830" author="Greeff, R." box="[1273,1432,259,285]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="34 - 122" refId="ref23894" refString="Greeff, R. (1876) Untersuchungen uber die Alciopiden. Nova Acta der Kaiserlichen Leopold-Carolin Deutschen Akademie der Naturforscher, 39 (2), 34-122. [http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12766776]" type="journal article" year="1876">Greeff (1876)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8586E7FFF23E901D80A986C" author="Apstein, C." box="[151,320,295,321]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 62" refId="ref21749" refString="Apstein, C. (1900) Die Alciopiden und Tomopteriden der Plankton-Expedition. Ergebnisse der Plankton-Expedition der Humboldt- Stiftung, 2, 1-62. [http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2130655]" type="journal article" year="1900">Apstein (1900)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
who studied Krohn’s and Greef’s specimens along with his own material mentions a “big number” of acicular chaetae in anterior segments. The same is described by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8586E7FFCCFE96ADDD29848" author="Fernandez-Alamo, M. A." box="[891,1176,331,359]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="ref23368" refString="Fernandez-Alamo, M. A. (1983) Los poliquetos pelagicos (Annelida - Polychaeta) del Pacifico oriental tropical: sistematica y zoogeografia. Dissertation, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico, D. F., 481 pp." type="book" year="1983">Fernández-Álamo (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8586E7FFB17E96DDC129848" author="Ushakov, P. V." box="[1187,1368,331,357]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="ref27610" refString="Ushakov, P. V. (1972) Polychaetes of the suborder Phyllodociformia of the Polar Basin and the northwestern part of the Pacific: families Phyllodocidae, Alciopidae, Tomopteridae, Typhloscolecidae, and Lacydoniidae. Nauka, Leningrad, 138 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1972">Ushakov (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
states that they “predominate”. On the contrary, their number is defined as “some” by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8586E7FFB91E949DC4D98A4" author="Stop-Bowitz, C." box="[1061,1287,367,393]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 91" refId="ref26735" refString="Stop-Bowitz, C. (1948) Polychaeta from the " Michael Sars " North Atlantic deep-sea expedition 1910. Report on the Scientific Results of the Michael Sars North Atlantic Deep-Sea Expedition, 5 (8), 1-91." type="journal article" year="1948">Støp-Bowitz (1948)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, “few” (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8586E7FFAD3E949D99A9880" author="Day, J. H." pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="ref22621" refString="Day, J. H. (1967) Polychaeta of Southern Africa. Part 1. Errantia. British Museum of the Natural History, London, 458 pp. [http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/8596]" type="book" year="1967">Day, 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) or “several” (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8586E7FFECAE9B5DBDD9880" author="Rozbaczylo, N. & Moreno, R. A. & Diaz-Diaz, O. & Vasquez-Yanez, P." box="[382,663,403,429]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="140 - 190" refId="ref26333" refString="Rozbaczylo, N., Moreno, R. A., Diaz-Diaz, O. & Vasquez-Yanez, P. (2020) Poliquetos holoplanctonicos en Chile. Boletin del Instituto Oceanografico de Venezuela, 59 (01), 140-190." type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||||
Rozbaczylo
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8586E7FFDBAE9B5DB099880" box="[526,579,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
., 2020
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), all agreeing in that posteriorly their number reduces to 1 or they disappear.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8586E7FFEA4E991D8D298FC" author="Rice, S. A." box="[272,408,439,465]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="114 - 127" refId="ref26128" refString="Rice, S. A. (1987) Reproductive biology, systematics, and evolution in the polychaete family Alciopidae. Bulletin of the Biological Society of Washington, 7, 114-127." type="journal article" year="1987">Rice (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, who regarded the number of acicular chaetae per parapodium in anterior segments as one of the important features was the first to provide certain values: 1–3 per parapodium; the same is given in (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8586E7FFAEAE9FDD8649B34" author="Stop-Bowitz, C." pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="ref26820" refString="Stop-Bowitz, C. (1992) Polychetes pelagiques des campagnes de " l'Ombango " dans les eaux equatoriales et tropicales ouestafricaines. Editions ORSTOM, Paris, 118 pp." type="book" year="1992">Støp-Bowitz 1992</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). A curious case is
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F8586E7FFDA6E9D9DA479B35" authorityName="Treadwell" authorityYear="1943" box="[530,781,511,537]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Callizonella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="pigmenta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8586E7FFDA6E9D9DA479B35" box="[530,781,511,537]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Callizonella pigmenta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
which was described as having more numerous acicular chaetae (“crotchets”) in parapodia of its rear rather than anterior part (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8586E7FFC70EA05DD369B10" author="Treadwell, A. L." box="[964,1148,547,573]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="29 - 59" refId="ref27499" refString="Treadwell, A. L. (1943) Polychaetous annelids. Scientific Results of Cruise VII of the Carnegie during 1928 - 1929 under Command of Captain J. P. Ault, 555, 29-59." type="journal article" year="1943">Treadwell 1943</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). However,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8586E7FFABCEA05DCD69B10" author="Dales, R. P." box="[1288,1436,546,573]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="99 - 168" refId="ref22483" refString="Dales, R. P. (1957) Pelagic polychaetes of the Pacific Ocean. Bulletin of the Scripps Institution of Oceanogaphy, 7 (2), 99-168. [https://escholarship.org/uc/item/51c8j5nj]" type="journal article" year="1957">Dales (1957)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
examined Treadwell’s
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54A98822F8586E7FFE20EA61D88E9B4C" box="[404,452,583,609]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
specimen and came to a conclusion that it is with no doubt conspecific with
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8586E7FFAADEA61DCD79B4C" box="[1305,1437,583,609]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F8586E7FFAADEA61DCD29B4C" box="[1305,1432,583,609]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Krohnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lepidota">K. lepidota</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
Unfortunately, he did not comment on its acicular chaetae arrangement. In our specimen, 2–5 acicular chaetae are found in anteriormost chaetigers which is in line with more moderate estimates by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8586E7FFB83EAA9DDF69B84" author="Rice, S. A." box="[1079,1212,655,681]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="114 - 127" refId="ref26128" refString="Rice, S. A. (1987) Reproductive biology, systematics, and evolution in the polychaete family Alciopidae. Bulletin of the Biological Society of Washington, 7, 114-127." type="journal article" year="1987">Rice (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
or
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8586E7FFB55EAA9DC2E9B84" author="Day, J. H." box="[1249,1380,655,681]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="ref22621" refString="Day, J. H. (1967) Polychaeta of Southern Africa. Part 1. Errantia. British Museum of the Natural History, London, 458 pp. [http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/8596]" type="book" year="1967">Day (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F8586E7FFF73EA95DD629A70" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1617]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
Length of dorsal parapodial cirri is described as equal to, or even shorter than parapodial lobe in
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8586E7FFABBEA95DCD29BE0" author="Rice, S. A." box="[1295,1432,691,717]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="114 - 127" refId="ref26128" refString="Rice, S. A. (1987) Reproductive biology, systematics, and evolution in the polychaete family Alciopidae. Bulletin of the Biological Society of Washington, 7, 114-127." type="journal article" year="1987">Rice (1987)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
. On the contrary, dorsal parapodial cirri exceeding parapodial lobe (2–3 times in anterior region and about 1.5 times posteriorly) are shown by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8586E7FFE0EEADDDB7F9A38" author="Day, J. H." box="[442,565,763,789]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="ref22621" refString="Day, J. H. (1967) Polychaeta of Southern Africa. Part 1. Errantia. British Museum of the Natural History, London, 458 pp. [http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/8596]" type="book" year="1967">Day (1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F8586E7FFD8BEADDDBDC9A38" box="[575,662,763,789]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1673,1697]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,179,1647]" captionTargetId="figure-18@15.[151,1435,179,1647]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Plotohelmis cf. capitata male (ZMMU WS20963), general view. (A) anterior end, dorsal view, (B) anterior end, ventral view. Designations: pr—proboscis, mp—marginal papillae of proboscis, fan—frontal antennae, man—median antenna, dc—dorsal tentacular cirri, vc—ventral tentacular cirri/ Black arrowheads point at genital papillae, white arrowheads point at segmental glands A and B to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371393" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371393/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 7.1</figureCitation>
|
||||
, j–k),
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8586E7FFD68EADDDAC19A38" author="Ushakov, P. V." box="[732,907,763,789]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="ref27610" refString="Ushakov, P. V. (1972) Polychaetes of the suborder Phyllodociformia of the Polar Basin and the northwestern part of the Pacific: families Phyllodocidae, Alciopidae, Tomopteridae, Typhloscolecidae, and Lacydoniidae. Nauka, Leningrad, 138 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1972">Ushakov (1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
: pl. XXVI, 3) and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8586E7FFBECEADDDC2D9A38" author="Rozbaczylo, N. & Moreno, R. A. & Diaz-Diaz, O. & Vasquez-Yanez, P." box="[1112,1383,763,789]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="140 - 190" refId="ref26333" refString="Rozbaczylo, N., Moreno, R. A., Diaz-Diaz, O. & Vasquez-Yanez, P. (2020) Poliquetos holoplanctonicos en Chile. Boletin del Instituto Oceanografico de Venezuela, 59 (01), 140-190." type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||||
Rozbaczylo
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8586E7FFB57EADDDC599A38" box="[1251,1299,763,789]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. (2020
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F8586E7FFAC4EADDD9ED9A14" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1824,1848]" captionTargetBox="[268,1318,181,1800]" captionTargetId="figure-24@10.[268,1318,181,1800]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Vanadis minuta, general view. (A) uncolored lineage, anterior end of female specimen ZMMU WS20962, dorsal view, (B) lineage with faintly colored segmental glands, anterior end of male specimen ZMMU WS20962, ventral view, (C– E) coloration of glands in colored lineage (ZMMU WS20962). Designations: pr—proboscis, lh—lateral horns, fl—flange connecting bases of lateral horns, fan—frontal antennae, man–median antenna, tc—tentacular cirri, cph1—enlarged cirrophore of first tentacular cirrus, rp—reduced parapodium, rs–receptacula seminis. White arrowheads point at uncolored segmental glands, black arrowheads point at colored segmental glands." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371389/files/figure.png" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||||
, E–F). However, some authors draw attention to the fact that dorsal cirri are easily lost and so cannot be described (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8586E7FFF2BEB65D83D9A70" author="Stop-Bowitz, C." box="[159,375,835,861]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 91" refId="ref26735" refString="Stop-Bowitz, C. (1948) Polychaeta from the " Michael Sars " North Atlantic deep-sea expedition 1910. Report on the Scientific Results of the Michael Sars North Atlantic Deep-Sea Expedition, 5 (8), 1-91." type="journal article" year="1948">Støp-Bowitz, 1948</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8586E7FFE37EB62DBDD9A70" author="Fernandez-Alamo, M. A." box="[387,663,835,863]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="ref23368" refString="Fernandez-Alamo, M. A. (1983) Los poliquetos pelagicos (Annelida - Polychaeta) del Pacifico oriental tropical: sistematica y zoogeografia. Dissertation, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico, D. F., 481 pp." type="book" year="1983">Fernández-Álamo, 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). This is also true for our specimen.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F8586E7FFF73EB41DCC59D50" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1617]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
The first description (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8586E7FFE02EB41DB759AAC" author="Krohn, A." box="[438,575,870,897]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="171 - 184" refId="ref24901" refString="Krohn, A. (1845) Zoologische und anatomische Bemerkungen uber die Alciopen. Archiv fur Naturgeschichte, Berlin, 11, 171-184. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/item/51219#page/185]" type="journal article" year="1845">Krohn 1845</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) states that frontal antennae are attached close to each other. Frontal antennae arising “close together” from small prostomium which does not extend beyond eyes are also described by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8586E7FFAAAEBADDCD69A88" author="Day, J. H." box="[1310,1436,907,933]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="ref22621" refString="Day, J. H. (1967) Polychaeta of Southern Africa. Part 1. Errantia. British Museum of the Natural History, London, 458 pp. [http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/8596]" type="book" year="1967">Day (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and can be seen from pictures by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8586E7FFDAEEB89DB9B9AE4" author="Ushakov, P. V." box="[538,721,943,969]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="ref27610" refString="Ushakov, P. V. (1972) Polychaetes of the suborder Phyllodociformia of the Polar Basin and the northwestern part of the Pacific: families Phyllodocidae, Alciopidae, Tomopteridae, Typhloscolecidae, and Lacydoniidae. Nauka, Leningrad, 138 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1972">Ushakov (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8586E7FFCBFEB96DD609AE4" author="Fernandez-Alamo, M. A." box="[779,1066,943,971]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="ref23368" refString="Fernandez-Alamo, M. A. (1983) Los poliquetos pelagicos (Annelida - Polychaeta) del Pacifico oriental tropical: sistematica y zoogeografia. Dissertation, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico, D. F., 481 pp." type="book" year="1983">Fernández-Álamo (1983)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, although this is not specifically mentioned in descriptions. On the contrary,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8586E7FFD20EBF5DA7B9AC0" author="Greeff, R." box="[660,817,979,1005]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="34 - 122" refId="ref23894" refString="Greeff, R. (1876) Untersuchungen uber die Alciopiden. Nova Acta der Kaiserlichen Leopold-Carolin Deutschen Akademie der Naturforscher, 39 (2), 34-122. [http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12766776]" type="journal article" year="1876">Greeff (1876)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
describes frontal antennae in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F8586E7FFB3AEBF5DC319AC1" authorityName="Greeff" authorityYear="1876" box="[1166,1403,979,1005]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Callizona" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="cincinnata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8586E7FFB3AEBF5DC319AC1" box="[1166,1403,979,1005]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Callizona cincinnata</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as located at both sides of anterior lobe of prostomium extending forward.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8586E7FFC72EBD1DD979D3C" author="Rozbaczylo, N. & Moreno, R. A. & Diaz-Diaz, O. & Vasquez-Yanez, P." box="[966,1245,1015,1041]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="140 - 190" refId="ref26333" refString="Rozbaczylo, N., Moreno, R. A., Diaz-Diaz, O. & Vasquez-Yanez, P. (2020) Poliquetos holoplanctonicos en Chile. Boletin del Instituto Oceanografico de Venezuela, 59 (01), 140-190." type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||||
Rozbaczylo
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8586E7FFBE6EBD1DDCE9D3C" box="[1106,1156,1015,1041]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. (2020)
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
state that frontal antennae are located closely, but their picture clearly shows antennae attached at a distance from each other to a bluntly conical anterior portion of prostomium extending in front of eyes. Our
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F8586E7FFBACEC19DD3F9D74" authority="Sea" authorityName="Sea (Wehe & Fiege" authorityYear="2002" box="[1048,1141,1087,1113]" class="Alsuviricetes" family="Alphaflexiviridae" genus="Red" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Orthornavirae" order="Tymovirales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Kitrinoviricota" rank="genus">Red Sea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
specimen agrees with the first description in having frontal antennae attached close to each other to a small anterior portion of prostomium.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F8586E7FFF73ECA1DB6E9C20" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1617]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
Direction of eyes’ axes is described as obliquely forward and upward (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8586E7FFC4EECA1DD9A9D8C" author="Stop-Bowitz, C." box="[1018,1232,1159,1185]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 91" refId="ref26735" refString="Stop-Bowitz, C. (1948) Polychaeta from the " Michael Sars " North Atlantic deep-sea expedition 1910. Report on the Scientific Results of the Michael Sars North Atlantic Deep-Sea Expedition, 5 (8), 1-91." type="journal article" year="1948">Støp-Bowitz 1948</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), slightly forward (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8586E7FFF2BEC8DD85F9DE8" author="Day, J. H." box="[159,277,1195,1221]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="ref22621" refString="Day, J. H. (1967) Polychaeta of Southern Africa. Part 1. Errantia. British Museum of the Natural History, London, 458 pp. [http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/8596]" type="book" year="1967">Day 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8586E7FFE91EC8DDB7C9DE8" author="Rozbaczylo, N. & Moreno, R. A. & Diaz-Diaz, O. & Vasquez-Yanez, P." box="[293,566,1195,1221]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="140 - 190" refId="ref26333" refString="Rozbaczylo, N., Moreno, R. A., Diaz-Diaz, O. & Vasquez-Yanez, P. (2020) Poliquetos holoplanctonicos en Chile. Boletin del Instituto Oceanografico de Venezuela, 59 (01), 140-190." type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||||
Rozbaczylo
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8586E7FFE00EC8DD8A39DE8" box="[436,489,1195,1221]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">et al</emphasis>
|
||||
. 2020
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), sideways and slightly down (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8586E7FFC16EC8DDD049DE8" author="Ushakov, P. V." box="[930,1102,1195,1221]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="ref27610" refString="Ushakov, P. V. (1972) Polychaetes of the suborder Phyllodociformia of the Polar Basin and the northwestern part of the Pacific: families Phyllodocidae, Alciopidae, Tomopteridae, Typhloscolecidae, and Lacydoniidae. Nauka, Leningrad, 138 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1972">Ushakov 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), forward (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8586E7FFB64EC8AD9999DC4" author="Fernandez-Alamo, M. A." pageId="8" pageNumber="9" refId="ref23368" refString="Fernandez-Alamo, M. A. (1983) Los poliquetos pelagicos (Annelida - Polychaeta) del Pacifico oriental tropical: sistematica y zoogeografia. Dissertation, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico, D. F., 481 pp." type="book" year="1983">Fernández-Álamo 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). In the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F8586E7FFE8CECE9D8DD9DC4" authority="Sea" authorityName="Sea (Wehe & Fiege" authorityYear="2002" box="[312,407,1231,1257]" class="Alsuviricetes" family="Alphaflexiviridae" genus="Red" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Orthornavirae" order="Tymovirales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Kitrinoviricota" rank="genus">Red Sea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
specimen, eyes’ axes are directed obliquely forward and upward in accordance with the description by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8586E7FFE8AECD5DB6B9C20" author="Stop-Bowitz, C." box="[318,545,1267,1293]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" pagination="1 - 91" refId="ref26735" refString="Stop-Bowitz, C. (1948) Polychaeta from the " Michael Sars " North Atlantic deep-sea expedition 1910. Report on the Scientific Results of the Michael Sars North Atlantic Deep-Sea Expedition, 5 (8), 1-91." type="journal article" year="1948">Støp-Bowitz (1948)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F8586E7FFF73ED31DDD99F24" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1617]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
Thus, compared to any of the cited description, some features of our specimen agree and some do not; but the same happens when comparing different descriptions to each other. The only unique feature of the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F8586E7FFA89ED1DDCD69C78" authority="Sea" authorityName="Sea (Wehe & Fiege" authorityYear="2002" box="[1341,1436,1339,1365]" class="Alsuviricetes" family="Alphaflexiviridae" genus="Red" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Orthornavirae" order="Tymovirales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Kitrinoviricota" rank="genus">Red Sea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
specimen is the arrangement of its tentacular cirri. However, without understanding true intra- and interspecific variability in
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8586E7FFE99EDA5D8DA9CB0" box="[301,400,1411,1437]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F8586E7FFE99EDA5D8C69CB0" authorityName="Quatrefages" authorityYear="1865" box="[301,396,1411,1437]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Krohnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">Krohnia</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
size ratio of tentacular cirri alone is not enough to justify a new species without support from molecular data, especially with only
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D14FD09F8586E7FFD8DED81DB9E9CEC" box="[569,724,1447,1473]" count="1" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="generic">one specimen</specimenCount>
|
||||
at hand. Unfortunately, no sequences from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F8586E7FFB71ED81DC099CEC" box="[1221,1347,1447,1473]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Krohnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lepidota">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8586E7FFB71ED81DC099CEC" box="[1221,1347,1447,1473]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">K. lepidota</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25557E9F8586E7FFAFFED81DC3E9CEC" box="[1355,1396,1447,1473]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" sensu="lato">s. l.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
(or any other species of the genus) are available so far. Thus, we regard
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F8586E7FFC22EDEDDD589CC8" box="[918,1042,1483,1509]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Krohnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lepidota">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8586E7FFC22EDEDDD589CC8" box="[918,1042,1483,1509]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">K. lepidota</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as a species complex, until a study including material from different locations and involving molecular methods is carried out.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C308650BF8586E7FFF73EE34DD249F7C" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F8586E7FFF73EE34DD249F7C" blockId="8.[151,1437,151,1617]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8586E7FFF73EE34D8139F01" bold="true" box="[199,345,1554,1580]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Distribution</emphasis>
|
||||
. The
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54A98822F8586E7FFE2CEE35D8829F00" box="[408,456,1555,1581]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
locality of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F8586E7FFDF2EE35DB8B9F00" box="[582,705,1555,1581]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Krohnia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="lepidota">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8586E7FFDF2EE35DB8B9F00" box="[582,705,1555,1581]" italics="true" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">K. lepidota</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25557E9F8586E7FFD73EE35DBA49F00" box="[711,750,1555,1581]" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" sensu="lato">s. l.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
is
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49D6F862F8586E7FFCB9EE35DA059F00" box="[781,847,1555,1581]" country="Italy" name="Sicilia" pageId="8" pageNumber="9">Sicily</collectingRegion>
|
||||
, the Mediterranean. Later records include: equatorial to temperate Atlantic and Pacific; southwest Indian Ocean; central
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F8586E7FFC30EE11DAAA9F7C" authority="Sea" authorityName="Sea (Wehe & Fiege" authorityYear="2002" box="[900,992,1591,1617]" class="Alsuviricetes" family="Alphaflexiviridae" genus="Red" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Orthornavirae" order="Tymovirales" pageId="8" pageNumber="9" phylum="Kitrinoviricota" rank="genus">Red Sea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(this study).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
551
data/03/BB/87/03BB8796F8596E7AFF23ED47DC019A88.xml
Normal file
551
data/03/BB/87/03BB8796F8596E7AFF23ED47DC019A88.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,551 @@
|
|||
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<mods:title id="9632924FEE21115417049DA99DC64CF4">Holopelagic Annelida from the Red Sea off the Central Saudi Arabian coast</mods:title>
|
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|
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<mods:namePart id="D8AF43C0769CC6EFCFE8A77CC47D07C3">KOLBASOVA, G. D.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:title id="9A298578C9B48A0C689C1BC681FF67A0">Zootaxa</mods:title>
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<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F8596E7EFF23ED47DB699C56" ID-CoL="7FDV2" authority="Treadwell, 1906" authorityName="Treadwell" authorityYear="1906" box="[151,547,1377,1404]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Vanadis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="minuta">
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<emphasis id="B966EA92F8596E7EFF23ED47DB699C56" bold="true" box="[151,547,1377,1404]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<emphasis id="B966EA92F8596E7EFF23ED47D81F9C56" bold="true" box="[151,341,1377,1404]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Vanadis minuta</emphasis>
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<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8596E7EFEE8ED47DB699C56" author="Treadwell, A. L." box="[348,547,1377,1403]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1145 - 1181" refId="ref27445" refString="Treadwell, A. L. (1906) Polychaetous annelids of the Hawaiian Islands collected by the steamer Albatross in 1902. Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission, 23 (3), 1145-1181. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51691969]" type="journal article" year="1906">Treadwell, 1906</bibRefCitation>
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</emphasis>
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(
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<figureCitation id="13292A05F8596E7EFF2BEDA3D9AC9CB2" box="[159,230,1413,1439]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1774,1798]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,179,1748]" captionTargetId="figure-18@3.[151,1435,179,1748]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Location of the study area and sampling scheme. Designations: yellow, green and purple circles mark first (12.12.2023), second (18.12.2023) and third (17.04.2024) sampling events, respectively." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371378" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371378/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Figs 1</figureCitation>
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,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F8596E7EFF40EDA3D8559CB2" box="[244,287,1413,1439]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 4" captionStart-1="FIGURE 5" captionStart-2="FIGURE 6" captionStartId-0="9.[151,250,1209,1233]" captionStartId-1="10.[151,250,1824,1848]" captionStartId-2="11.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox-0="[229,1360,238,1185]" captionTargetBox-1="[268,1318,181,1800]" captionTargetBox-2="[167,1421,179,1917]" captionTargetId-0="figure-36@9.[228,1360,237,1185]" captionTargetId-1="figure-24@10.[268,1318,181,1800]" captionTargetId-2="figure-18@11.[167,1421,179,1917]" captionTargetPageId-0="9" captionTargetPageId-1="10" captionTargetPageId-2="11" captionText-0="FIGURE 4. Bayesian tree inferred from concatenated 18S and 28S sequences obtained from our Alciopini material and from GenBank. Black numbers above branches indicate Maximum Likelihood bootstrap values; blue numbers below show Bayesian posterior probabilities. IDs of specimens collected in the Red Sea during the present study marked by blue boxes." captionText-1="FIGURE 5. Vanadis minuta, general view. (A) uncolored lineage, anterior end of female specimen ZMMU WS20962, dorsal view, (B) lineage with faintly colored segmental glands, anterior end of male specimen ZMMU WS20962, ventral view, (C– E) coloration of glands in colored lineage (ZMMU WS20962). Designations: pr—proboscis, lh—lateral horns, fl—flange connecting bases of lateral horns, fan—frontal antennae, man–median antenna, tc—tentacular cirri, cph1—enlarged cirrophore of first tentacular cirrus, rp—reduced parapodium, rs–receptacula seminis. White arrowheads point at uncolored segmental glands, black arrowheads point at colored segmental glands." captionText-2="FIGURE 6. Vanadis minuta male (ZMMU WS32206), parapodia. (A) segment 4, (B) segment 5, (C) segment 7, (D) segment 9, (E) segment 10, (F) segment 15. A–F to same scale." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371384" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371389" figureDoi-2="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371391" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/15371384/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/15371389/files/figure.png" httpUri-2="https://zenodo.org/record/15371391/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">4–6</figureCitation>
|
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)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
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</subSubSection>
|
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<subSubSection id="C308650BF8596E7EFF23EDE2D83E9E61" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="reference_group">
|
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<paragraph id="8BAD3680F8596E7EFF23EDE2DD619F9E" blockId="9.[151,1437,1476,1868]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
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<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F8596E7EFF23EDE2DB299CF1" author="Treadwell, A. L." box="[151,611,1476,1500]" page="1159" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" year="1906">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F8596E7EFF23EDE2DB299CF1" ID-CoL="7FDV2" authority="Treadwell, 1906: 1158 - 1159" authorityName="Treadwell" authorityPageNumber="1158 - 1159" authorityYear="1906" box="[151,611,1476,1500]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Vanadis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="minuta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8596E7EFF23EDE2D87F9CF1" box="[151,309,1476,1500]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Vanadis minuta</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8596E7EFE88EDE2DB299CF1" author="Treadwell, A. L." box="[316,611,1476,1500]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1145 - 1181" refId="ref27445" refString="Treadwell, A. L. (1906) Polychaetous annelids of the Hawaiian Islands collected by the steamer Albatross in 1902. Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission, 23 (3), 1145-1181. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51691969]" type="journal article" year="1906">Treadwell, 1906: 1158–1159</bibRefCitation>
|
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</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
, Figs 25–28 [original description (colored specimen); Hawaii, Pacific Ocean].—
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F8596E7EFF73EDC5D8D89CD6" author="Day, J. H." box="[199,402,1507,1531]" page="184" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" year="1967">
|
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<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8596E7EFF73EDC5D8D89CD6" author="Day, J. H." box="[199,402,1507,1531]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refId="ref22621" refString="Day, J. H. (1967) Polychaeta of Southern Africa. Part 1. Errantia. British Museum of the Natural History, London, 458 pp. [http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/8596]" type="book" year="1967">Day 1967: 184-185</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F8596E7EFE2BEDC5DB6F9CD6" box="[415,549,1507,1531]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1673,1697]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,179,1647]" captionTargetId="figure-18@15.[151,1435,179,1647]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Plotohelmis cf. capitata male (ZMMU WS20963), general view. (A) anterior end, dorsal view, (B) anterior end, ventral view. Designations: pr—proboscis, mp—marginal papillae of proboscis, fan—frontal antennae, man—median antenna, dc—dorsal tentacular cirri, vc—ventral tentacular cirri/ Black arrowheads point at genital papillae, white arrowheads point at segmental glands A and B to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371393" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371393/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 7.2 k–m</figureCitation>
|
||||
[description (both colored and unpigmented specimens); southwest Indian Ocean].—
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F8596E7EFF73EE24DB789F37" author="Orensanz, J. M. & Ramirez, F. C." box="[199,562,1538,1562]" page="40" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" year="1973">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8596E7EFF73EE24DB789F37" author="Orensanz, J. M. & Ramirez, F. C." box="[199,562,1538,1562]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refId="ref25467" refString="Orensanz, J. M. & Ramirez, F. C. (1973) Taxonomia y distribucion de los poliquetos pelagicos del Atlantico Sudoccidental. Instituto de Biologia Marina, La Plata, 118 pp." type="book" year="1973">Orensanz & Ramírez 1973: 40–42</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
, Pl. VI [description (unpigmented); subtropical Atlantic].—
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F8596E7EFB2AEE25D8439F15" author="Fernandez-Alamo, M. A." page="64" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" year="1983">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8596E7EFB2AEE25D8439F15" author="Fernandez-Alamo, M. A." pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refId="ref23368" refString="Fernandez-Alamo, M. A. (1983) Los poliquetos pelagicos (Annelida - Polychaeta) del Pacifico oriental tropical: sistematica y zoogeografia. Dissertation, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico, D. F., 481 pp." type="book" year="1983">Fernández-Álamo 1983: 64–67</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F8596E7EFEA2EE06D8159F15" box="[278,351,1568,1592]" captionStart="FIGURE 15" captionStartId="26.[151,250,1728,1752]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1704]" captionTargetId="figure-24@26.[151,1436,181,1704]" captionTargetPageId="26" captionText="FIGURE 15. Tomopteris planktonis ZMMU WS20991, ZMMU WS20992 (A) general view, (B) anterior end, (C) 1st –2nd parapodia, (D) 3rd parapodium, (E) 4th parapodium. Designations: br—brain, ce—ciliated epaulette, ch—chromophile gland, go–gonad, hy—hyaline glands, mo—mouth, rs—rosette, st—streamer (secondary cirrus), ph–pharynx, pr—prostomium." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371411" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371411/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 15</figureCitation>
|
||||
[description (weakly pigmented); Pacific Ocean off
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3057610F8596E7EFC31EE06DA989F15" box="[901,978,1568,1592]" name="Mexico" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||||
and Central America].—
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F8596E7EFB6CEE06D84C9F7A" author="Stop-Bowitz, C." page="48" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" year="1992">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8596E7EFB6CEE06D84C9F7A" author="Stop-Bowitz, C." pageId="9" pageNumber="10" refId="ref26820" refString="Stop-Bowitz, C. (1992) Polychetes pelagiques des campagnes de " l'Ombango " dans les eaux equatoriales et tropicales ouestafricaines. Editions ORSTOM, Paris, 118 pp." type="book" year="1992">Støp-Bowitz 1992: 48–49</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
[description (faintly pigmented); Atlantic ocean off central Africa south of Gulf of
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3057610F8596E7EFBC1EE19DD8B9F7A" box="[1141,1217,1599,1623]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||||
].—
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F8596E7EFB50EE19D8659F58" author="Rozbaczylo, N. & Moreno, R. A. & Diaz-Diaz, O. & Vasquez-Yanez, P." page="159" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" year="2020">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8596E7EFB50EE19D8659F58" author="Rozbaczylo, N. & Moreno, R. A. & Diaz-Diaz, O. & Vasquez-Yanez, P." pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="140 - 190" refId="ref26333" refString="Rozbaczylo, N., Moreno, R. A., Diaz-Diaz, O. & Vasquez-Yanez, P. (2020) Poliquetos holoplanctonicos en Chile. Boletin del Instituto Oceanografico de Venezuela, 59 (01), 140-190." type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||||
Rozbaczylo
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8596E7EFAD3EE66DCD79F7A" box="[1383,1437,1599,1623]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
2020: 159
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
[brief description (uncolored or weakly pigmented); Pacific Ocean northwest of Juan Fernández archipelago,
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3057610F8596E7EFF73EE5AD8499FB9" box="[199,259,1660,1684]" name="Chile" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Chile</collectingCountry>
|
||||
];
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8596E7EFEA7EE5BD8739FB9" box="[275,313,1661,1684]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">non</emphasis>
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F8596E7EFE8BEE5ADBF39FB9" author="Dales, R. P." box="[319,697,1660,1684]" page="121" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" year="1957">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F8596E7EFE8BEE5ADBF39FB9" ID-CoL="7FDV2" authority="Dales 1957: 119 - 121" authorityName="Dales" authorityPageNumber="119 - 121" authorityYear="1957" box="[319,697,1660,1684]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Vanadis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="minuta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8596E7EFE8BEE5AD8919FB9" box="[319,475,1660,1684]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Vanadis minuta</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8596E7EFE54EE5ADBF39FB9" author="Dales, R. P." box="[480,697,1660,1684]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="99 - 168" refId="ref22483" refString="Dales, R. P. (1957) Pelagic polychaetes of the Pacific Ocean. Bulletin of the Scripps Institution of Oceanogaphy, 7 (2), 99-168. [https://escholarship.org/uc/item/51c8j5nj]" type="journal article" year="1957">Dales 1957: 119–121</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
, Figs 29–30 [belong to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F8596E7EFC11EE5ADC799FB9" ID-CoL="7FDW2" authority="Treadwell, 1906" authorityName="Treadwell" authorityYear="1906" box="[933,1331,1660,1684]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Vanadis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="fuscapunctata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8596E7EFC11EE5ADDC39FB9" box="[933,1161,1660,1684]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Vanadis fuscapunctata</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8596E7EFB3AEE5ADC799FB9" author="Treadwell, A. L." box="[1166,1331,1660,1684]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1145 - 1181" refId="ref27445" refString="Treadwell, A. L. (1906) Polychaetous annelids of the Hawaiian Islands collected by the steamer Albatross in 1902. Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission, 23 (3), 1145-1181. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51691969]" type="journal article" year="1906">Treadwell, 1906</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
=
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F8596E7EFAF8EE5AD8E89F9E" ID-CoL="7FDXD" authority="Apstein, 1893" authorityName="Apstein" authorityYear="1893" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Vanadis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="studeri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8596E7EFAF8EE5AD8479F9E" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Vanadis studeri</emphasis>
|
||||
Apstein, 1893
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
according to the author’s later correction (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8596E7EFCE6EEBDDD549F9E" author="Dales, R. P. & Peter, G." box="[850,1054,1691,1715]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="55 - 92" refId="ref22579" refString="Dales, R. P. & Peter, G. (1972) A synopsis of the pelagic Polychaeta. Journal of Natural History, 6, 55-92. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222937200770071" type="journal article" year="1972">Dales & Peter 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)]
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F8596E7EFF23EE9CDA819E22" blockId="9.[151,1437,1476,1868]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0211AEF8596E7EFF23EE9CDA819E22" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F8596E7EFF23EE9CD8159FFF" ID-CoL="7FDVR" authorityName="Greeff" authorityYear="1876" box="[151,351,1722,1746]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Vanadis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="crystallina">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8596E7EFF23EE9CD8159FFF" box="[151,351,1722,1746]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Vanadis crystallina</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8596E7EFEC0EE9CD8D09FFC" box="[372,410,1722,1745]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">non</emphasis>
|
||||
Greef, 1876)
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F8596E7EFD8CEE9CDA539FFF" author="Apstein, C." box="[568,793,1722,1746]" page="10" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" year="1900">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8596E7EFD8CEE9CDA539FFF" author="Apstein, C." box="[568,793,1722,1746]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 62" refId="ref21749" refString="Apstein, C. (1900) Die Alciopiden und Tomopteriden der Plankton-Expedition. Ergebnisse der Plankton-Expedition der Humboldt- Stiftung, 2, 1-62. [http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2130655]" type="journal article" year="1900">Apstein 1900: 10–11</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
, Pl. 1
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F8596E7EFCDDEE9CDAE09FFC" box="[873,938,1722,1746]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1673,1697]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,179,1647]" captionTargetId="figure-18@15.[151,1435,179,1647]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Plotohelmis cf. capitata male (ZMMU WS20963), general view. (A) anterior end, dorsal view, (B) anterior end, ventral view. Designations: pr—proboscis, mp—marginal papillae of proboscis, fan—frontal antennae, man—median antenna, dc—dorsal tentacular cirri, vc—ventral tentacular cirri/ Black arrowheads point at genital papillae, white arrowheads point at segmental glands A and B to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371393" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371393/files/figure.png" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Fig. 7</figureCitation>
|
||||
[brief description (unpigmented); tropical and subtropical Atlantic].—
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F8596E7EFE07EEFEDBD29FDD" author="Fauvel, P." box="[435,664,1752,1776]" page="206" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" year="1923">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8596E7EFE07EEFEDBD29FDD" author="Fauvel, P." box="[435,664,1752,1776]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 488" refId="ref23272" refString="Fauvel, P. (1923) Polychetes Errantes. Faune de France, 5, 1-488. http://www.faunedefrance.org/" type="journal article" year="1923">Fauvel 1923: 206–207</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
, Fig. 77 d–e [description (weakly pigmented); Mediterranean and subtropical Atlantic].—
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F8596E7EFE88EED1DB1B9E22" author="Wesenberg-Lund, E." box="[316,593,1783,1807]" page="32" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" year="1939">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8596E7EFE88EED1DB1B9E22" author="Wesenberg-Lund, E." box="[316,593,1783,1807]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="1 - 46" refId="ref27801" refString="Wesenberg-Lund, E. (1939) Pelagic polychaetes of the families Aphroditidae, Phyllodocidae, Typhloscolecidae and Alciopidae. Report on the Danish Oceanographical Expeditions 1908 - 10 to the Mediterranean and adjacent seas. Biology, 2 (1), 1-46." type="journal article" year="1939">Wesenberg-Lund 1939: 32</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
, Fig. 22 [description; Mediterranean]
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F8596E7EFF23EF30D83E9E61" blockId="9.[151,1437,1476,1868]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0211AEF8596E7EFF23EF30D83E9E61" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F8596E7EFF23EF30DB2D9E00" author="Greeff, R." box="[151,615,1813,1838]" page="455" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" year="1885">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F8596E7EFF23EF30DB2D9E00" ID-CoL="BKKT" authority="Greeff, 1885: 453 - 455" authorityName="Greeff" authorityPageNumber="453 - 455" authorityYear="1885" box="[151,615,1813,1838]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Alciopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="longirhyncha">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8596E7EFF23EF30D83E9E03" box="[151,372,1814,1838]" italics="true" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Alciopa longirhyncha</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F8596E7EFECFEF30DB2D9E00" author="Greeff, R." box="[379,615,1813,1838]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" pagination="432 - 458" refId="ref23978" refString="Greeff, R. (1885) Uber die pelagische Fauna an den Kusten der Guinea-Inseln. Pelagische Anneliden von Rolas. Zeitschrift Wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 42, 432-458. [https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/45468805]" type="journal article" year="1885">Greeff, 1885: 453–455</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
, Pl. XIV Fig. 37 [original description (unpigmented specimen); Gulf of
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3057610F8596E7EFAF9EF30DCD39E03" box="[1357,1433,1814,1838]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, tropical Atlantic]
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C308650BF8596E7EFF23EF53DA979ED6" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F8596E7EFF23EF53DA979ED6" blockId="9.[151,1436,1909,2044]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F8596E7EFF23EF53D8CD9EA2" bold="true" box="[151,391,1909,1935]" pageId="9" pageNumber="10">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B7A3CDDF8596E7EFE20EF53DA939ED6" collectionCode="ZMMU" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" specimenCode="WS20945, WS20946, WS20947, WS20948, WS20949, WS20950, WS20951, WS20953, WS20954, WS20955, WS20952, WS20956, WS20957, WS20958, WS20959, WS20960, WS20961, WS20962" specimenCount="18">
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D14FD09F8596E7EFE20EF53DB379EA2" box="[404,637,1909,1935]" count="18" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="generic">Eighteen specimens</specimenCount>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED03AE45F8596E7EFD3AEF50DBAF9EBD" box="[654,741,1910,1936]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">ZMMU</collectionCode>
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBB49EFBF8596E7EFD45EF53DA2E9EBD" box="[753,868,1909,1936]" collectionCode="ZMMU" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">WS20945</specimenCode>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED03AE45F8596E7EFCC2EF50DA879EBD" box="[886,973,1910,1936]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">ZMMU</collectionCode>
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBB49EFBF8596E7EFC6DEF53DD069EA2" box="[985,1100,1909,1935]" collectionCode="ZMMU" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">WS20946</specimenCode>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED03AE45F8596E7EFBE9EF50DDFE9EBD" box="[1117,1204,1910,1936]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">ZMMU</collectionCode>
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBB49EFBF8596E7EFB75EF53DC799EA2" box="[1217,1331,1909,1935]" collectionCode="ZMMU" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">WS20947</specimenCode>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED03AE45F8596E7EFAF1EF50DCD69EBD" box="[1349,1436,1910,1936]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">ZMMU</collectionCode>
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBB49EFBF8596E7EFF23EFBFD8409E9E" box="[151,266,1945,1971]" collectionCode="ZMMU" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">WS20948</specimenCode>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED03AE45F8596E7EFEA8EFBCD8399E99" box="[284,371,1946,1972]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">ZMMU</collectionCode>
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBB49EFBF8596E7EFE34EFBFD8BE9E9E" box="[384,500,1945,1971]" collectionCode="ZMMU" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">WS20949</specimenCode>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED03AE45F8596E7EFDB1EFBCDB169E99" box="[517,604,1946,1972]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">ZMMU</collectionCode>
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBB49EFBF8596E7EFDDEEFBFDB979E99" box="[618,733,1945,1972]" collectionCode="ZMMU" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">WS20950</specimenCode>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED03AE45F8596E7EFD5AEFBCDA0F9E99" box="[750,837,1946,1972]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">ZMMU</collectionCode>
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBB49EFBF8596E7EFCE7EFBFDA8C9E99" box="[851,966,1945,1972]" collectionCode="ZMMU" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">WS20951</specimenCode>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED03AE45F8596E7EFC6CEFBCDD659E99" box="[984,1071,1946,1972]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">ZMMU</collectionCode>
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBB49EFBF8596E7EFB88EFBFDDE59E99" box="[1084,1199,1945,1972]" collectionCode="ZMMU" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">WS20953</specimenCode>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED03AE45F8596E7EFB75EFBCDC529E99" box="[1217,1304,1946,1972]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">ZMMU</collectionCode>
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBB49EFBF8596E7EFA91EFBFDCD29E99" box="[1317,1432,1945,1972]" collectionCode="ZMMU" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">WS20954</specimenCode>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED03AE45F8596E7EFF23EF98D9A49EF5" box="[151,238,1982,2008]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">ZMMU</collectionCode>
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBB49EFBF8596E7EFF41EF9BD82F9EF5" box="[245,357,1981,2008]" collectionCode="ZMMU" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">WS20955</specimenCode>
|
||||
(FA, Et);
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED03AE45F8596E7EFE62EF98DB679EF5" box="[470,557,1982,2008]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">ZMMU</collectionCode>
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBB49EFBF8596E7EFD80EF9BDBED9EF5" box="[564,679,1981,2008]" collectionCode="ZMMU" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">WS20952</specimenCode>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED03AE45F8596E7EFD06EF98DA439EF5" box="[690,777,1982,2008]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">ZMMU</collectionCode>
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBB49EFBF8596E7EFCA4EF9BDAC99EF5" box="[784,899,1981,2008]" collectionCode="ZMMU" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">WS20956</specimenCode>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED03AE45F8596E7EFC3AEF98DAAF9EF5" box="[910,997,1982,2008]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">ZMMU</collectionCode>
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBB49EFBF8596E7EFC5FEF9BDD149EF5" box="[1003,1118,1981,2008]" collectionCode="ZMMU" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">WS20957</specimenCode>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED03AE45F8596E7EFBDDEF98DD8A9EF5" box="[1129,1216,1982,2008]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">ZMMU</collectionCode>
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBB49EFBF8596E7EFB73EF9BDC739EF5" box="[1223,1337,1981,2008]" collectionCode="ZMMU" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">WS20958</specimenCode>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED03AE45F8596E7EFAF1EF98DCD69EF5" box="[1349,1436,1982,2008]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">ZMMU</collectionCode>
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBB49EFBF8596E7EFF23EFC7D8409ED1" box="[151,266,2017,2044]" collectionCode="ZMMU" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">WS20959</specimenCode>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED03AE45F8596E7EFEA1EFC4D8269ED1" box="[277,364,2018,2044]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">ZMMU</collectionCode>
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBB49EFBF8596E7EFEC7EFC7D8AC9ED6" box="[371,486,2017,2043]" collectionCode="ZMMU" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">WS20960</specimenCode>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED03AE45F8596E7EFE45EFC4DB029ED1" box="[497,584,2018,2044]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">ZMMU</collectionCode>
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBB49EFBF8596E7EFDFAEFC7DB8B9ED6" box="[590,705,2017,2043]" collectionCode="ZMMU" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">WS20961</specimenCode>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED03AE45F8596E7EFD78EFC4DA699ED1" box="[716,803,2018,2044]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">ZMMU</collectionCode>
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBB49EFBF8596E7EFC9EEFC7DAD09ED6" box="[810,922,2017,2043]" collectionCode="ZMMU" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="9" pageNumber="10" type="Museum">WS20962</specimenCode>
|
||||
(FA)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<caption id="DF6D6608F85A6E7DFF23EF06DBB09EC1" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371389" ID-Zenodo-Dep="15371389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371389/files/figure.png" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" startId="10.[151,250,1824,1848]" targetBox="[268,1318,181,1800]" targetPageId="10" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F85A6E7DFF23EF06DBB09EC1" blockId="10.[151,1437,1824,2028]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85A6E7DFF23EF06D85E9E15" bold="true" box="[151,276,1824,1848]" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">FIGURE 5.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F85A6E7DFEAFEF06D8F39E1A" authorityName="Dales" authorityYear="1957" box="[283,441,1824,1848]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Vanadis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="10" pageNumber="11" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="minuta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85A6E7DFEAFEF06D8F39E1A" box="[283,441,1824,1848]" italics="true" pageId="10" pageNumber="11">Vanadis minuta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, general view. (A) uncolored lineage, anterior end of female specimen ZMMU WS20962, dorsal view, (B) lineage with faintly colored segmental glands, anterior end of male specimen ZMMU WS20962, ventral view, (C– E) coloration of glands in colored lineage (ZMMU WS20962). Designations: pr—proboscis, lh—lateral horns, fl—flange connecting bases of lateral horns, fan—frontal antennae, man–median antenna, tc—tentacular cirri, cph1—enlarged cirrophore of first tentacular cirrus, rp—reduced parapodium, rs–receptacula seminis. White arrowheads point at uncolored segmental glands, black arrowheads point at colored segmental glands.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="DF6D6608F85B6E7CFF23EFB1DBF49EFE" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371391" ID-Zenodo-Dep="15371391" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371391/files/figure.png" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" startId="11.[151,250,1943,1967]" targetBox="[167,1421,179,1917]" targetPageId="11" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F85B6E7CFF23EFB1DBF49EFE" blockId="11.[151,1436,1943,2004]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85B6E7CFF23EFB1D8599E82" bold="true" box="[151,275,1943,1967]" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">FIGURE 6.</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F85B6E7CFEAFEFB1D8F29E82" authorityName="Dales" authorityYear="1957" box="[283,440,1943,1967]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Vanadis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="11" pageNumber="12" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="minuta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85B6E7CFEAFEFB1D8F29E82" box="[283,440,1943,1967]" italics="true" pageId="11" pageNumber="12">Vanadis minuta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
male (ZMMU WS32206), parapodia. (A) segment 4, (B) segment 5, (C) segment 7, (D) segment 9, (E) segment 10, (F) segment 15. A–F to same scale.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C308650BF85C6E7BFF73E8B0DADD9AE4" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F85C6E7BFF73E8B0DADD9AE4" blockId="12.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85C6E7BFF73E8B0DBDC999D" bold="true" box="[199,662,150,176]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Description (based on all our material).</emphasis>
|
||||
Material represented by anterior fragments
|
||||
<quantity id="4CEA9B65F85C6E7BFBCEE8B0DDA1999C" box="[1146,1259,150,177]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.25" metricValueMax="4.5" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="3.25" valueMax="4.5" valueMin="2.0">2–4.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long comprised by 10–17 ch and middle fragments of various length. Width at 10 chaetiger
|
||||
<quantity id="4CEA9B65F85C6E7BFC6DE89CDD2B99F8" box="[985,1121,186,213]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="3.5" metricValueMax="4.0" metricValueMin="3.0" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="mm" value="0.35" valueMax="0.4" valueMin="0.3">0.3–0.4 mm</quantity>
|
||||
. Body long and very slender with length of parapodia in mid-body noticeably exceeding body width. Prostomium not extending in front of eyes (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F85C6E7BFF2BE924D9A99830" box="[159,227,258,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1824,1848]" captionTargetBox="[268,1318,181,1800]" captionTargetId="figure-24@10.[268,1318,181,1800]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Vanadis minuta, general view. (A) uncolored lineage, anterior end of female specimen ZMMU WS20962, dorsal view, (B) lineage with faintly colored segmental glands, anterior end of male specimen ZMMU WS20962, ventral view, (C– E) coloration of glands in colored lineage (ZMMU WS20962). Designations: pr—proboscis, lh—lateral horns, fl—flange connecting bases of lateral horns, fan—frontal antennae, man–median antenna, tc—tentacular cirri, cph1—enlarged cirrophore of first tentacular cirrus, rp—reduced parapodium, rs–receptacula seminis. White arrowheads point at uncolored segmental glands, black arrowheads point at colored segmental glands." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371389/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Inferior pair of frontal antennae long, digitiform, superior pair stout and 2–3 times shorter. Median antenna transformed into more or less distinct ridge between eyes. Eyes large, directed sideways and slightly forward. Proboscis long, slender, with one pair of long pointed lateral horns (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F85C6E7BFC2DE96CDABE9848" box="[921,1012,330,357]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1824,1848]" captionTargetBox="[268,1318,181,1800]" captionTargetId="figure-24@10.[268,1318,181,1800]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Vanadis minuta, general view. (A) uncolored lineage, anterior end of female specimen ZMMU WS20962, dorsal view, (B) lineage with faintly colored segmental glands, anterior end of male specimen ZMMU WS20962, ventral view, (C– E) coloration of glands in colored lineage (ZMMU WS20962). Designations: pr—proboscis, lh—lateral horns, fl—flange connecting bases of lateral horns, fan—frontal antennae, man–median antenna, tc—tentacular cirri, cph1—enlarged cirrophore of first tentacular cirrus, rp—reduced parapodium, rs–receptacula seminis. White arrowheads point at uncolored segmental glands, black arrowheads point at colored segmental glands." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371389/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). No marginal lobes or folds between horns; entire membraneous flanges extend from each horns’ base and converge in center. Three pairs of tentacular cirri arranged as 1+1+1 (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F85C6E7BFE00E9B4DB449880" box="[436,526,402,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1824,1848]" captionTargetBox="[268,1318,181,1800]" captionTargetId="figure-24@10.[268,1318,181,1800]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Vanadis minuta, general view. (A) uncolored lineage, anterior end of female specimen ZMMU WS20962, dorsal view, (B) lineage with faintly colored segmental glands, anterior end of male specimen ZMMU WS20962, ventral view, (C– E) coloration of glands in colored lineage (ZMMU WS20962). Designations: pr—proboscis, lh—lateral horns, fl—flange connecting bases of lateral horns, fan—frontal antennae, man–median antenna, tc—tentacular cirri, cph1—enlarged cirrophore of first tentacular cirrus, rp—reduced parapodium, rs–receptacula seminis. White arrowheads point at uncolored segmental glands, black arrowheads point at colored segmental glands." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371389/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). First pair is the longest; cirrostyle is mounted on broad cirrophore attached to lower surface of eye; cirrostyle tip extends to eye’s lens but does not reach eye’s outer margin. Second pair markedly shorter, third one shorter yet. Parapodia of segments 4 to 9 are reduced; parapodial lobe lacking (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F85C6E7BFB74E9FCDC7798D8" box="[1216,1341,474,501]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1824,1848]" captionTargetBox="[268,1318,181,1800]" captionTargetId="figure-24@10.[268,1318,181,1800]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Vanadis minuta, general view. (A) uncolored lineage, anterior end of female specimen ZMMU WS20962, dorsal view, (B) lineage with faintly colored segmental glands, anterior end of male specimen ZMMU WS20962, ventral view, (C– E) coloration of glands in colored lineage (ZMMU WS20962). Designations: pr—proboscis, lh—lateral horns, fl—flange connecting bases of lateral horns, fan—frontal antennae, man–median antenna, tc—tentacular cirri, cph1—enlarged cirrophore of first tentacular cirrus, rp—reduced parapodium, rs–receptacula seminis. White arrowheads point at uncolored segmental glands, black arrowheads point at colored segmental glands." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371389/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Figs 5A–B</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F85C6E7BFAFCE9FCDCDA98D9" box="[1352,1424,474,500]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[167,1421,179,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-18@11.[167,1421,179,1917]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Vanadis minuta male (ZMMU WS32206), parapodia. (A) segment 4, (B) segment 5, (C) segment 7, (D) segment 9, (E) segment 10, (F) segment 15. A–F to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371391" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371391/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">6A–D</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Their dorsal cirri are relatively well developed from first pair. Ventral cirri of first pair of parapodia absent or almost indiscernible (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F85C6E7BFE8EEA04D8DC9B11" box="[314,406,546,572]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[167,1421,179,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-18@11.[167,1421,179,1917]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Vanadis minuta male (ZMMU WS32206), parapodia. (A) segment 4, (B) segment 5, (C) segment 7, (D) segment 9, (E) segment 10, (F) segment 15. A–F to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371391" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371391/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 6A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). In segments 5–8, ventral cirri have appearance of small papillae at bases of dorsal ones (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F85C6E7BFF2BEA60D8509B4D" box="[159,282,582,608]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[167,1421,179,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-18@11.[167,1421,179,1917]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Vanadis minuta male (ZMMU WS32206), parapodia. (A) segment 4, (B) segment 5, (C) segment 7, (D) segment 9, (E) segment 10, (F) segment 15. A–F to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371391" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371391/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 6B–C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). In segment 9, ventral cirri almost equal in length to dorsal ones (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F85C6E7BFBB9EA60DD229B4D" box="[1037,1128,582,608]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[167,1421,179,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-18@11.[167,1421,179,1917]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Vanadis minuta male (ZMMU WS32206), parapodia. (A) segment 4, (B) segment 5, (C) segment 7, (D) segment 9, (E) segment 10, (F) segment 15. A–F to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371391" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371391/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 6D</figureCitation>
|
||||
). In females, dorsal cirri of segment 5 are transformed into globular receptacula seminis (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F85C6E7BFCF8EA4CDAED9BA8" box="[844,935,618,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1824,1848]" captionTargetBox="[268,1318,181,1800]" captionTargetId="figure-24@10.[268,1318,181,1800]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Vanadis minuta, general view. (A) uncolored lineage, anterior end of female specimen ZMMU WS20962, dorsal view, (B) lineage with faintly colored segmental glands, anterior end of male specimen ZMMU WS20962, ventral view, (C– E) coloration of glands in colored lineage (ZMMU WS20962). Designations: pr—proboscis, lh—lateral horns, fl—flange connecting bases of lateral horns, fan—frontal antennae, man–median antenna, tc—tentacular cirri, cph1—enlarged cirrophore of first tentacular cirrus, rp—reduced parapodium, rs–receptacula seminis. White arrowheads point at uncolored segmental glands, black arrowheads point at colored segmental glands." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371389/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Parapodial lobes with chaetae in parapodia from segment 10 onwards (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F85C6E7BFE7BEAA8DB0C9B85" box="[463,582,654,680]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[167,1421,179,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-18@11.[167,1421,179,1917]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Vanadis minuta male (ZMMU WS32206), parapodia. (A) segment 4, (B) segment 5, (C) segment 7, (D) segment 9, (E) segment 10, (F) segment 15. A–F to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371391" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371391/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 6E–F</figureCitation>
|
||||
). They extend only slightly beyond dorsal cirri in segment 10 (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F85C6E7BFAA6EAA8DC239B85" box="[1298,1385,654,680]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[167,1421,179,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-18@11.[167,1421,179,1917]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Vanadis minuta male (ZMMU WS32206), parapodia. (A) segment 4, (B) segment 5, (C) segment 7, (D) segment 9, (E) segment 10, (F) segment 15. A–F to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371391" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371391/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 6E</figureCitation>
|
||||
) but rapidly increase. Their length exceeds body width by segment 14–15 (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F85C6E7BFC76EA94DD529BE1" box="[962,1048,690,716]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[167,1421,179,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-18@11.[167,1421,179,1917]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Vanadis minuta male (ZMMU WS32206), parapodia. (A) segment 4, (B) segment 5, (C) segment 7, (D) segment 9, (E) segment 10, (F) segment 15. A–F to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371391" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371391/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 6F</figureCitation>
|
||||
) and still continues increasing up to middle body region. Each lobe bears cirriform appendage exceeding tip of protruding aciculum and tuft of fine compound spinigers with obliquely cut shaft-heads and short blades. Subdistal widening only slightly expressed (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F85C6E7BFF2BEB38D9BD9A15" box="[159,247,798,824]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="11.[151,250,1943,1967]" captionTargetBox="[167,1421,179,1917]" captionTargetId="figure-18@11.[167,1421,179,1917]" captionTargetPageId="11" captionText="FIGURE 6. Vanadis minuta male (ZMMU WS32206), parapodia. (A) segment 4, (B) segment 5, (C) segment 7, (D) segment 9, (E) segment 10, (F) segment 15. A–F to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371391" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371391/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 6F</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Dorsal cirri (nearly) reach chaetigerous lobe’s tip in anterior half, extend slightly beyond in remaining part; their shape is ovoid to almost round. Ventral cirri up to two times shorter than dorsal ones, elongated and indistinctly pointed, slightly asymmetrical. Body highly transparent. Majority of specimens completely uncolored with no glands visible (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F85C6E7BFE2DEBACD8B89A88" box="[409,498,906,933]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1824,1848]" captionTargetBox="[268,1318,181,1800]" captionTargetId="figure-24@10.[268,1318,181,1800]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Vanadis minuta, general view. (A) uncolored lineage, anterior end of female specimen ZMMU WS20962, dorsal view, (B) lineage with faintly colored segmental glands, anterior end of male specimen ZMMU WS20962, ventral view, (C– E) coloration of glands in colored lineage (ZMMU WS20962). Designations: pr—proboscis, lh—lateral horns, fl—flange connecting bases of lateral horns, fan—frontal antennae, man–median antenna, tc—tentacular cirri, cph1—enlarged cirrophore of first tentacular cirrus, rp—reduced parapodium, rs–receptacula seminis. White arrowheads point at uncolored segmental glands, black arrowheads point at colored segmental glands." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371389/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 5A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Fewer ones have pale brown coloration of segmental glands usually represented by large central spot accompanied by a few pigment granules (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F85C6E7BFC86EB88DAC09AE4" box="[818,906,942,969]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1824,1848]" captionTargetBox="[268,1318,181,1800]" captionTargetId="figure-24@10.[268,1318,181,1800]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Vanadis minuta, general view. (A) uncolored lineage, anterior end of female specimen ZMMU WS20962, dorsal view, (B) lineage with faintly colored segmental glands, anterior end of male specimen ZMMU WS20962, ventral view, (C– E) coloration of glands in colored lineage (ZMMU WS20962). Designations: pr—proboscis, lh—lateral horns, fl—flange connecting bases of lateral horns, fan—frontal antennae, man–median antenna, tc—tentacular cirri, cph1—enlarged cirrophore of first tentacular cirrus, rp—reduced parapodium, rs–receptacula seminis. White arrowheads point at uncolored segmental glands, black arrowheads point at colored segmental glands." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371389/files/figure.png" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Fig. 5B</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C308650BF85C6E7AFF73EBF4DCDA9A14" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F85C6E7BFF73EBF4D8F99EB9" blockId="12.[151,1437,150,2013]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85C6E7BFF73EBF4D8719AC1" bold="true" box="[199,315,978,1004]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85C6E7BFEF7EBF4DB7F9AC1" author="Dales, R. P. & Peter, G." box="[323,565,978,1005]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="55 - 92" refId="ref22579" refString="Dales, R. P. & Peter, G. (1972) A synopsis of the pelagic Polychaeta. Journal of Natural History, 6, 55-92. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222937200770071" type="journal article" year="1972">Dales & Peter (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
noted that Dales’ earlier figures (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85C6E7BFC05EBF4DD799AC0" author="Dales, R. P." box="[945,1075,978,1005]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="99 - 168" refId="ref22483" refString="Dales, R. P. (1957) Pelagic polychaetes of the Pacific Ocean. Bulletin of the Scripps Institution of Oceanogaphy, 7 (2), 99-168. [https://escholarship.org/uc/item/51c8j5nj]" type="journal article" year="1957">Dales 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) refer to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F85C6E7BFB2AEBF4D8079D3D" authority="Treadwell, 1906" authorityName="Treadwell" authorityYear="1906" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Vanadis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="fuscapunctata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85C6E7BFB2AEBF4DCD69AC1" box="[1182,1436,978,1004]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Vanadis fuscapunctata</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85C6E7BFF23EBD0D8079D3D" author="Treadwell, A. L." box="[151,333,1014,1040]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="1145 - 1181" refId="ref27445" refString="Treadwell, A. L. (1906) Polychaetous annelids of the Hawaiian Islands collected by the steamer Albatross in 1902. Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission, 23 (3), 1145-1181. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51691969]" type="journal article" year="1906">Treadwell, 1906</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
=
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F85C6E7BFEDDEBD0DBF19D3D" authority="Apstein, 1893" authorityName="Apstein" authorityYear="1893" box="[361,699,1014,1040]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Vanadis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="studeri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85C6E7BFEDDEBD0DB5C9D3D" box="[361,534,1014,1040]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Vanadis studeri</emphasis>
|
||||
Apstein, 1893
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. They did not specify whether it also refers to the text of the paper, but the details of description (primarily brightly colored segmental glands from segment 7 and 5 pairs of reduced parapodia) make us think that it belongs to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F85C6E7BFD37EC19DBA79D75" authorityName="Apstein" authorityYear="1893" box="[643,749,1086,1112]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Vanadis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="studeri">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85C6E7BFD37EC19DBA79D75" box="[643,749,1086,1112]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">V. studeri</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as well. However, this note has been largely overlooked and the material of
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85C6E7BFEFEEC44D8949D50" author="Dales, R. P." box="[330,478,1122,1149]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="99 - 168" refId="ref22483" refString="Dales, R. P. (1957) Pelagic polychaetes of the Pacific Ocean. Bulletin of the Scripps Institution of Oceanogaphy, 7 (2), 99-168. [https://escholarship.org/uc/item/51c8j5nj]" type="journal article" year="1957">Dales (1957)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
has been repeatedly included in synonymies as
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F85C6E7BFBA4EC45DD369D51" authorityName="Dales" authorityYear="1957" box="[1040,1148,1123,1148]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Vanadis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="minuta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85C6E7BFBA4EC45DD369D51" box="[1040,1148,1123,1148]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">V. minuta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(see e.g.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85C6E7BFB5BEC44DCDD9D51" author="Ushakov, P. V." box="[1263,1431,1122,1148]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refId="ref27610" refString="Ushakov, P. V. (1972) Polychaetes of the suborder Phyllodociformia of the Polar Basin and the northwestern part of the Pacific: families Phyllodocidae, Alciopidae, Tomopteridae, Typhloscolecidae, and Lacydoniidae. Nauka, Leningrad, 138 pp. [in Russian]" type="book" year="1972">Ushakov 1972</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85C6E7BFF23ECAED8EE9D8D" author="Fernandez-Alamo, M. A." box="[151,420,1158,1187]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refId="ref23368" refString="Fernandez-Alamo, M. A. (1983) Los poliquetos pelagicos (Annelida - Polychaeta) del Pacifico oriental tropical: sistematica y zoogeografia. Dissertation, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico, D. F., 481 pp." type="book" year="1983">Fernández-Álamo 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85C6E7BFE04ECA0DBF29D8D" author="Rozbaczylo, N. & Moreno, R. A. & Diaz-Diaz, O. & Vasquez-Yanez, P." box="[432,696,1158,1184]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="140 - 190" refId="ref26333" refString="Rozbaczylo, N., Moreno, R. A., Diaz-Diaz, O. & Vasquez-Yanez, P. (2020) Poliquetos holoplanctonicos en Chile. Boletin del Instituto Oceanografico de Venezuela, 59 (01), 140-190." type="journal article" year="2020">
|
||||
Rozbaczylo
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85C6E7BFD8FECA1DB3E9D8D" box="[571,628,1158,1184]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">et al.</emphasis>
|
||||
2020
|
||||
</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F85C6E7BFD7EECA0DA329D8D" authorityName="Dales" authorityYear="1957" box="[714,888,1158,1184]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Vanadis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="minuta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85C6E7BFD7EECA0DA329D8D" box="[714,888,1158,1184]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Vanadis minuta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has been previously confused a lot with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F85C6E7BFAF0ECA0D8E19DE9" authority="Greeff, 1876" authorityName="Greeff" authorityYear="1876" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Vanadis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="crystallina">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85C6E7BFAF0ECA0D8459DE9" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Vanadis crystallina</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85C6E7BFEACEC8CD8E19DE9" author="Greeff, R." box="[280,427,1194,1220]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="34 - 122" refId="ref23894" refString="Greeff, R. (1876) Untersuchungen uber die Alciopiden. Nova Acta der Kaiserlichen Leopold-Carolin Deutschen Akademie der Naturforscher, 39 (2), 34-122. [http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12766776]" type="journal article" year="1876">Greeff, 1876</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. However, the mentionings of only one pair of
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85C6E7BFC79EC8CDDE79DE9" box="[973,1197,1194,1220]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">receptacula seminis</emphasis>
|
||||
and reduction of the median antenna show that some of such “
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85C6E7BFDD8ECE9DA459DC5" box="[620,783,1230,1256]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F85C6E7BFDD8ECE9DA4F9DC5" authorityName="Greeff" authorityYear="1876" box="[620,773,1230,1256]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Vanadis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="crystallina">V. crystallina</taxonomicName>
|
||||
”
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
records and descriptions actually refer to another species; we agree with
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85C6E7BFE8EECD4DB539C21" author="Stop-Bowitz, C." box="[314,537,1266,1292]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refId="ref26820" refString="Stop-Bowitz, C. (1992) Polychetes pelagiques des campagnes de " l'Ombango " dans les eaux equatoriales et tropicales ouestafricaines. Editions ORSTOM, Paris, 118 pp." type="book" year="1992">Støp-Bowitz (1992)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
that descriptions of
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85C6E7BFD4FECD4DAEC9C21" author="Apstein, C." box="[763,934,1266,1292]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="1 - 62" refId="ref21749" refString="Apstein, C. (1900) Die Alciopiden und Tomopteriden der Plankton-Expedition. Ergebnisse der Plankton-Expedition der Humboldt- Stiftung, 2, 1-62. [http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2130655]" type="journal article" year="1900">Apstein (1900)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85C6E7BFC05ECD4DD1B9C21" author="Fauvel, P." box="[945,1105,1266,1292]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="1 - 488" refId="ref23272" refString="Fauvel, P. (1923) Polychetes Errantes. Faune de France, 5, 1-488. http://www.faunedefrance.org/" type="journal article" year="1923">Fauvel (1923)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, and
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85C6E7BFB3FECD4DCD69C21" author="Wesenberg-Lund, E." box="[1163,1436,1266,1292]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="1 - 46" refId="ref27801" refString="Wesenberg-Lund, E. (1939) Pelagic polychaetes of the families Aphroditidae, Phyllodocidae, Typhloscolecidae and Alciopidae. Report on the Danish Oceanographical Expeditions 1908 - 10 to the Mediterranean and adjacent seas. Biology, 2 (1), 1-46." type="journal article" year="1939">Wesenberg-Lund (1939)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
actually refer to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F85C6E7BFEE2ED31D8889C1D" authorityName="Dales" authorityYear="1957" box="[342,450,1303,1328]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Vanadis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="minuta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85C6E7BFEE2ED31D8889C1D" box="[342,450,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">V. minuta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. A more confused case is the relation between
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F85C6E7BFC52ED31DD189C1D" authorityName="Dales" authorityYear="1957" box="[998,1106,1303,1328]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Vanadis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="minuta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85C6E7BFC52ED31DD189C1D" box="[998,1106,1303,1328]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">V. minuta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F85C6E7BFB39ED31D9989C78" authority="Greeff, 1885" authorityName="Greeff" authorityYear="1885" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Alciopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="longirhyncha">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85C6E7BFB39ED31DC0E9C1D" box="[1165,1348,1302,1329]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">A. longirhyncha</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85C6E7BFAF9ED30D9989C78" author="Greeff, R." pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="432 - 458" refId="ref23978" refString="Greeff, R. (1885) Uber die pelagische Fauna an den Kusten der Guinea-Inseln. Pelagische Anneliden von Rolas. Zeitschrift Wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 42, 432-458. [https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/45468805]" type="journal article" year="1885">Greeff, 1885</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85C6E7BFF6AED1CD83B9C78" author="Dales, R. P." box="[222,369,1338,1365]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="99 - 168" refId="ref22483" refString="Dales, R. P. (1957) Pelagic polychaetes of the Pacific Ocean. Bulletin of the Scripps Institution of Oceanogaphy, 7 (2), 99-168. [https://escholarship.org/uc/item/51c8j5nj]" type="journal article" year="1957">Dales (1957)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
listed them as synonyms. Although he did not discuss the reasons, this is apparently justified, because Greef (1885) observed only 1 pair of
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85C6E7BFD1CED78DAC29C55" box="[680,904,1374,1400]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">receptacula seminis</emphasis>
|
||||
in his
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54A98822F85C6E7BFC6DED79DD439C54" box="[985,1033,1375,1401]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
specimen, followed by 4 segments with reduced parapodia, which conforms to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F85C6E7BFD24EDA5DBB19CB1" authorityName="Dales" authorityYear="1957" box="[656,763,1411,1436]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Vanadis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="minuta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85C6E7BFD24EDA5DBB19CB1" box="[656,763,1411,1436]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">V. minuta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. But in their later synopsis,
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85C6E7BFBF6EDA4DC7C9CB1" author="Dales, R. P. & Peter, G." box="[1090,1334,1410,1437]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="55 - 92" refId="ref22579" refString="Dales, R. P. & Peter, G. (1972) A synopsis of the pelagic Polychaeta. Journal of Natural History, 6, 55-92. https://doi.org/10.1080/00222937200770071" type="journal article" year="1972">Dales & Peter (1972)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
listed
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F85C6E7BFA30EDA5D8669CED" authorityName="Greeff" authorityYear="1885" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Alciopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="longirhyncha">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85C6E7BFA30EDA5D8669CED" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">A. longirhyncha</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as a synonym of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F85C6E7BFE4DED80DA329CED" authority="Claparede, 1870" authorityName="Claparede" authorityYear="1870" box="[505,888,1446,1472]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Vanadis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="formosa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85C6E7BFE4DED80DBFC9CED" box="[505,694,1446,1472]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Vanadis formosa</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85C6E7BFD0AED80DA329CED" author="Claparede, E." box="[702,888,1446,1472]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="365 - 542" refId="ref22331" refString="Claparede, E. (1870) Les Annelides Chetopodes du Golfe de Naples. Supplement. Memoires de la Societe de Physique et d'Histoire naturelle de Geneve, 20 (2), 365-542. https://doi.org/10.5962/bhl.title.2142" type="journal article" year="1870">Claparède, 1870</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
without giving any reason for this. However,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F85C6E7BFA3CED81D9B99CC9" authorityName="Claparede" authorityYear="1870" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Vanadis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="formosa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85C6E7BFA3CED81D9B99CC9" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">V. formosa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
has only 2 pairs of fully reduced parapodia with dorsal cirri of both pairs transformed into
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85C6E7BFAADEDECD9A19F25" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">receptacula seminis</emphasis>
|
||||
in females. Podial lobe in the third pair is usually just smaller than succeeding ones, although may sometimes need a careful examination to be detected. Thus, maximum 1 pair of partially reduced parapodia are present after 2 pairs of
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85C6E7BFF41EE10D89F9F7D" box="[245,469,1590,1616]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">receptacula seminis</emphasis>
|
||||
in this species. Also,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F85C6E7BFD7BEE11DA0D9F7D" authorityName="Claparede" authorityYear="1870" box="[719,839,1590,1616]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Vanadis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="formosa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85C6E7BFD7BEE11DA0D9F7D" box="[719,839,1590,1616]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">V. formosa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is characterized by boldly colored segmental organs starting immediately after the beginning of well-developed parapodia, whereas pl. XIV Fig.
|
||||
<quantity id="4CEA9B65F85C6E7BFB3EEE7CDD889F59" box="[1162,1218,1626,1652]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="9.398" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" unit="in" value="37.0">37 in</quantity>
|
||||
Greef’s description shows no pigmentation at all. Thus, we support the earlier Dales’ view. Still, despite the priority of the older name
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85C6E7BFF23EE84D8799F91" box="[151,307,1698,1724]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F85C6E7BFF23EE84D8659F91" authorityName="Greeff" authorityYear="1885" box="[151,303,1698,1724]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Alciopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="longirhyncha">longirhyncha</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
we consider changing the name of the species undesirable for the following reasons. There are not so many long-accepted names in pelagic polychaetes, and, particularly, in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F85C6E7BFC53EEE0DD1F9FCD" box="[999,1109,1734,1760]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="tribe" tribe="Alciopini">Alciopini</taxonomicName>
|
||||
.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F85C6E7BFBD5EEE1DD869FCD" authorityName="Dales" authorityYear="1957" box="[1121,1228,1735,1760]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Vanadis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="minuta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85C6E7BFBD5EEE1DD869FCD" box="[1121,1228,1735,1760]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">V. minuta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is one of the few, whereas
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F85C6E7BFF4EEECDD8E79E29" authorityName="Greeff" authorityYear="1885" box="[250,429,1770,1797]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Alciopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="longirhyncha">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85C6E7BFF4EEECDD8E79E29" box="[250,429,1770,1797]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">A. longirhyncha</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is apparently one of “little-known, or even long-forgotten” names, as defined in the Code. Also, it has been long synonymized with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F85C6E7BFDCFEF29DBBC9E05" authorityName="Claparede" authorityYear="1870" box="[635,758,1806,1832]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Vanadis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="formosa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85C6E7BFDCFEF29DBBC9E05" box="[635,758,1806,1832]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">V. formosa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and its resurrection as a valid name in replacement of the long-accepted
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F85C6E7BFE89EF15D8E29E61" authorityName="Dales" authorityYear="1957" box="[317,424,1843,1868]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Vanadis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="minuta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85C6E7BFE89EF15D8E29E61" box="[317,424,1843,1868]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">V. minuta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
could cause confusion. Thus, we consider that this is the occasion when the Principle of Priority is “to be set aside <…> when its application would be destructive of stability or universality or would cause confusion” (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85C6E7BFE94EF5CD8ED9EB9" author="ICZN" box="[288,423,1914,1940]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" refId="ref24301" refString="ICZN (1999) International Code of Zoological Nomenclature. 4 th Edition. The International Trust for Zoological Nomenclature, London, 306 pp. [https://www.iczn.org/the-code/the-code-online/]" type="book" year="1999">ICZN 1999</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F85C6E7AFF73EFB8DCDA9A14" blockId="12.[151,1437,150,2013]" lastBlockId="13.[151,1437,151,933]" lastPageId="13" lastPageNumber="14" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85C6E7BFF73EFB8D8C39E95" author="Treadwell, A. L." box="[199,393,1950,1976]" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" pagination="1145 - 1181" refId="ref27445" refString="Treadwell, A. L. (1906) Polychaetous annelids of the Hawaiian Islands collected by the steamer Albatross in 1902. Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission, 23 (3), 1145-1181. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51691969]" type="journal article" year="1906">Treadwell (1906)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
in his description of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F85C6E7BFDCCEFB9DBAB9E95" authorityName="Dales" authorityYear="1957" box="[632,737,1951,1976]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Vanadis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="minuta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85C6E7BFDCCEFB9DBAB9E95" box="[632,737,1951,1976]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">V. minuta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
mentions “segmental organ which is the only trace of color to be seen behind the eyes”. On the contrary, picture of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F85C6E7BFD55EFE4DA9E9EF1" authorityName="Greeff" authorityYear="1885" box="[737,980,1986,2012]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Alciopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="12" pageNumber="13" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="longirhyncha">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85C6E7BFD55EFE4DA9E9EF1" box="[737,980,1986,2012]" italics="true" pageId="12" pageNumber="13">Alciopa longirhyncha</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
by Greef (1885) shows no pigmentation.
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85D6E7AFF23E8B1D852999C" author="Day, J. H." box="[151,280,151,177]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refId="ref22621" refString="Day, J. H. (1967) Polychaeta of Southern Africa. Part 1. Errantia. British Museum of the Natural History, London, 458 pp. [http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/8596]" type="book" year="1967">Day (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
described segmental glands in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F85D6E7AFDCCE8B1DBA8999D" authorityName="Dales" authorityYear="1957" box="[632,738,151,176]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Vanadis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="minuta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85D6E7AFDCCE8B1DBA8999D" box="[632,738,151,176]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">V. minuta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
as either uncolored or possessing faint brown coloration from segment 12. The same is found in (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85D6E7AFD8EE89DDA3C99F8" author="Orensanz, J. M. & Ramirez, F. C." box="[570,886,187,213]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refId="ref25467" refString="Orensanz, J. M. & Ramirez, F. C. (1973) Taxonomia y distribucion de los poliquetos pelagicos del Atlantico Sudoccidental. Instituto de Biologia Marina, La Plata, 118 pp." type="book" year="1973">Orensanz & Ramírez 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85D6E7AFC32E89ADDDD99F8" author="Fernandez-Alamo, M. A." box="[902,1175,187,215]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refId="ref23368" refString="Fernandez-Alamo, M. A. (1983) Los poliquetos pelagicos (Annelida - Polychaeta) del Pacifico oriental tropical: sistematica y zoogeografia. Dissertation, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico, D. F., 481 pp." type="book" year="1983">Fernández-Álamo 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
). It is noteworthy that uncolored specimens are usually recorded from Atlantic, while (weakly) colored ones are more typical of Indo-Pacific. In our material from the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F85D6E7AFDB3E925DB2C9830" authority="Sea" authorityName="Sea (Wehe & Fiege" authorityYear="2002" box="[519,614,259,285]" class="Alsuviricetes" family="Alphaflexiviridae" genus="Red" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Orthornavirae" order="Tymovirales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Kitrinoviricota" rank="genus">Red Sea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, both uncolored and colored specimens were present. In the phylogenetic tree, all sequences fell apart in two well supported lineages (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F85D6E7AFCF0E901DAC2986C" box="[836,904,295,321]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1209,1233]" captionTargetBox="[229,1360,238,1185]" captionTargetId="figure-36@9.[228,1360,237,1185]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Bayesian tree inferred from concatenated 18S and 28S sequences obtained from our Alciopini material and from GenBank. Black numbers above branches indicate Maximum Likelihood bootstrap values; blue numbers below show Bayesian posterior probabilities. IDs of specimens collected in the Red Sea during the present study marked by blue boxes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371384/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
) coinciding with these two coloration patterns. No other morphological differences between them could be found. Each lineage itself was quite homogenous. The distance between lineages estimated from nuclear markers (0.4% for 18S and 1% for 28S) was higher than within-species distances in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F85D6E7AFEC2E9B5DA459880" authority="(McIntosh, 1885)" baseAuthorityName="McIntosh" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[374,783,402,429]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Vanadis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="antarctica">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85D6E7AFEC2E9B5DB0D9881" box="[374,583,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Vanadis antarctica</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85D6E7AFDE0E9B5DA4D9880" author="McIntosh, W. C." box="[596,775,402,429]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="1 - 554" refId="ref25216" refString="McIntosh, W. C. (1885) Report on the Annelida Polychaeta collected by H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 1876. Report on the Scientific Results of the Voyage of H. M. S. Challenger during the years 1873 - 76, Zoology, 12 (34), 1-554. [https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/50688426]" type="journal article" year="1885">McIntosh, 1885</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(0.1% for 18S and 0.2% for 28S), the only
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F85D6E7AFB59E9B5DCD69880" box="[1261,1436,403,429]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85D6E7AFB59E9B5DC0C9880" box="[1261,1350,403,429]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Vanadis</emphasis>
|
||||
species
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
for which relatively abundant molecular data from different locations is available. At the same time, it was lower than the between-species distance (0.6% for 18S and 2.1% for 28S) in the closely related
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85D6E7AFB12E9FDDC0E98D8" box="[1190,1348,475,501]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F85D6E7AFB12E9FDDC7F98D9" baseAuthorityName="McIntosh" baseAuthorityYear="1885" box="[1190,1333,475,500]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Vanadis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="antarctica">V. antarctica</taxonomicName>
|
||||
–
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F85D6E7AFAF0E9FDD8919B34" authority="(Levinsen, 1885)" baseAuthorityName="Levinsen" baseAuthorityYear="1885" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Vanadis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="longissima">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85D6E7AFAF0E9FDD85A9B34" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Vanadis longissima</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85D6E7AFE95E9D9D8989B34" author="Levinsen, G. M. R." box="[289,466,510,537]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="321 - 344" refId="ref25133" refString="Levinsen, G. M. R. (1885) Spolia atlantica. Om nogle pelagiske Annulata. Det Kongelige Danske videnskabernes selskabs skrifter. Naturvidenskabelig og mathematisk afdeling, 3 (2), 321-344. [http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/34738282]" type="journal article" year="1885">Levinsen, 1885</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
species group (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85D6E7AFD3BE9D9DA689B34" author="Tebble, N." box="[655,802,511,537]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="161 - 299" refId="ref27285" refString="Tebble, N. (1960) The distribution of pelagic polychaetes in the South Atlantic Ocean. Discovery Reports, 30, 161-299." type="journal article" year="1960">Tebble 1960</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), and considerably lower than the majority of between-species distances in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F85D6E7AFECCEA05D89B9B10" authorityName="Claparede" authorityYear="1870" box="[376,465,547,573]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Vanadis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Annelida" rank="genus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85D6E7AFECCEA05D89B9B10" box="[376,465,547,573]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Vanadis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(1 to 1.7%, 1.5% on average for 18S; 2.1–5.3, 3.4 on average for 28S; and 18–24% for COI). Interestingly, the distance between the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F85D6E7AFD23EA61DA4B9B4D" authorityName="Dales" authorityYear="1957" box="[663,769,583,608]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Vanadis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="minuta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85D6E7AFD23EA61DA4B9B4D" box="[663,769,583,608]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">V. minuta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
lineages estimated from the COI fragments amplified with the PolyLCO–PolyHCO pair (25%) was even higher than those between all other species in our material (18 to 24%). However, the doubtfulness of the reliability of the use of sequences obtained from pelagic polychaetes with universal COI primers is argued in the Discussion. Thus, the existence of two (sub)species, one with an Atlantic origin (referring to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F85D6E7AFEC3EAF1DB889BDC" authority="Greef, 1885" authorityName="Greeff" authorityYear="1885" box="[375,706,726,753]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Alciopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="longirhyncha">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85D6E7AFEC3EAF1DB649BDC" box="[375,558,727,753]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">A. longirhyncha</emphasis>
|
||||
Greef, 1885
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, tentatively associated with the uncolored lineage), and another one with a Pacific origin (referring to Treadwell’s
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85D6E7AFD78EADDDA769A39" box="[716,828,763,788]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F85D6E7AFD78EADDDA729A39" authorityName="Dales" authorityYear="1957" box="[716,824,763,788]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Vanadis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="minuta">V. minuta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
colored lineage) is likely. However, a study involving additional sequences from Atlantic and Pacific material is needed to confirm their validity and actual distribution.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C308650BF85D6E7AFF73EB64DC019A88" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F85D6E7AFF73EB64DC019A88" blockId="13.[151,1437,151,933]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85D6E7AFF73EB64D82B9A71" bold="true" box="[199,353,834,860]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54A98822F85D6E7AFEDEEB65D8E89A70" box="[362,418,835,861]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Type</typeStatus>
|
||||
locality of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F85D6E7AFD9FEB65DAD49A70" authority="Treadwell, 1906" authorityName="Treadwell" authorityYear="1906" box="[555,926,835,861]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Vanadis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="minuta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85D6E7AFD9FEB65DB919A71" box="[555,731,835,861]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Vanadis minuta</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85D6E7AFD50EB65DAD49A70" author="Treadwell, A. L." box="[740,926,835,861]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="1145 - 1181" refId="ref27445" refString="Treadwell, A. L. (1906) Polychaetous annelids of the Hawaiian Islands collected by the steamer Albatross in 1902. Bulletin of the United States Fish Commission, 23 (3), 1145-1181. [https://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/page/51691969]" type="journal article" year="1906">Treadwell, 1906</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is Hawaii, Pacific.
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54A98822F85D6E7AFB30EB65DDF69A70" box="[1156,1212,835,861]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Type</typeStatus>
|
||||
locality of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F85D6E7AFAF1EB65D8F79AAC" authority="Greef, 1885" authorityName="Greeff" authorityYear="1885" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Alciopa" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="longirhyncha">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85D6E7AFAF1EB65D8669AAC" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Alciopa longirhyncha</emphasis>
|
||||
Greef, 1885
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is Gulf of
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3057610F85D6E7AFD8BEB41DBD99AAC" box="[575,659,871,897]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, Atlantic. Later records of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F85D6E7AFC7EEB41DD309AAD" authorityName="Treadwell" authorityYear="1906" box="[970,1146,871,897]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Vanadis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" sensu="lato" species="minuta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85D6E7AFC7EEB41DD309AAD" box="[970,1146,871,897]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Vanadis minuta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
<taxonomicNameLabel id="A25557E9F85D6E7AFB35EB41DDE39AAC" box="[1153,1193,871,897]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" sensu="lato">s. l.</taxonomicNameLabel>
|
||||
include: tropical and subtropical Pacific, southwest Indian Ocean, tropical and subtropical Atlantic; Central
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F85D6E7AFBD6EBADDDF49A88" authority="Sea" authorityName="Sea (Wehe & Fiege" authorityYear="2002" box="[1122,1214,907,933]" class="Alsuviricetes" family="Alphaflexiviridae" genus="Red" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Orthornavirae" order="Tymovirales" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Kitrinoviricota" rank="genus">Red Sea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(this study).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
295
data/03/BB/87/03BB8796F85D6E79FF23ED75DDF49E60.xml
Normal file
295
data/03/BB/87/03BB8796F85D6E79FF23ED75DDF49E60.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,295 @@
|
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<mods:identifier id="88D0445C96D780A99BEA1FE761FD8DFE" type="ZooBank">D930D2FF-45EA-494A-8837-293C590A9B1E</mods:identifier>
|
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="03BB8796F85D6E79FF23ED75DDF49E60" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15398830" ID-Zenodo-Dep="15398830" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:03BB8796F85D6E79FF23ED75DDF49E60" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/03BB8796F85D6E79FF23ED75DDF49E60" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<subSubSection id="C308650BF85D6E7AFF23ED75DB229C43" box="[151,616,1363,1390]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="nomenclature">
|
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<paragraph id="8BAD3680F85D6E7AFF23ED75DB229C43" blockId="13.[151,616,1363,1426]" box="[151,616,1363,1390]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
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<heading id="D0E581ECF85D6E7AFF23ED75DB229C43" bold="true" box="[151,616,1363,1390]" fontSize="11" level="1" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" reason="1">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F85D6E7AFF23ED75DB229C43" ID-CoL="4KHTB" authority="(Greeff, 1876)" baseAuthorityName="Greeff" baseAuthorityYear="1876" box="[151,616,1363,1390]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Plotohelmis" isUncertain="true" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="capitata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85D6E7AFF23ED75DB229C43" bold="true" box="[151,616,1363,1390]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85D6E7AFF23ED75D86C9C43" bold="true" box="[151,294,1363,1390]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Plotohelmis</emphasis>
|
||||
cf.
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85D6E7AFEE7ED72D8F99C43" bold="true" box="[339,435,1364,1390]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">capitata</emphasis>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85D6E7AFE77ED72DB2A9C43" author="Greeff, R." box="[451,608,1364,1390]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="34 - 122" refId="ref23894" refString="Greeff, R. (1876) Untersuchungen uber die Alciopiden. Nova Acta der Kaiserlichen Leopold-Carolin Deutschen Akademie der Naturforscher, 39 (2), 34-122. [http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12766776]" type="journal article" year="1876">Greeff, 1876</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</heading>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C308650BF85D6E7AFF23ED5ED8099CBF" box="[151,323,1400,1426]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F85D6E7AFF23ED5ED8099CBF" blockId="13.[151,616,1363,1426]" box="[151,323,1400,1426]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||||
(
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F85D6E7AFF2BED5ED9AC9CBF" box="[159,230,1400,1426]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="3.[151,250,1774,1798]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,179,1748]" captionTargetId="figure-18@3.[151,1435,179,1748]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 1. Location of the study area and sampling scheme. Designations: yellow, green and purple circles mark first (12.12.2023), second (18.12.2023) and third (17.04.2024) sampling events, respectively." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371378" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371378/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F85D6E7AFF40ED5ED84E9CBF" box="[244,260,1400,1426]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="9.[151,250,1209,1233]" captionTargetBox="[229,1360,238,1185]" captionTargetId="figure-36@9.[228,1360,237,1185]" captionTargetPageId="9" captionText="FIGURE 4. Bayesian tree inferred from concatenated 18S and 28S sequences obtained from our Alciopini material and from GenBank. Black numbers above branches indicate Maximum Likelihood bootstrap values; blue numbers below show Bayesian posterior probabilities. IDs of specimens collected in the Red Sea during the present study marked by blue boxes." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371384" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371384/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">4</figureCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F85D6E7AFEA4ED5ED8719CBF" box="[272,315,1400,1426]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 7" captionStart-1="FIGURE 8" captionStartId-0="15.[151,250,1673,1697]" captionStartId-1="16.[151,250,1152,1176]" captionTargetBox-0="[151,1435,179,1647]" captionTargetBox-1="[151,1436,181,1128]" captionTargetId-0="figure-18@15.[151,1435,179,1647]" captionTargetId-1="figure-24@16.[151,1436,181,1128]" captionTargetPageId-0="15" captionTargetPageId-1="16" captionText-0="FIGURE 7. Plotohelmis cf. capitata male (ZMMU WS20963), general view. (A) anterior end, dorsal view, (B) anterior end, ventral view. Designations: pr—proboscis, mp—marginal papillae of proboscis, fan—frontal antennae, man—median antenna, dc—dorsal tentacular cirri, vc—ventral tentacular cirri/ Black arrowheads point at genital papillae, white arrowheads point at segmental glands A and B to same scale." captionText-1="FIGURE 8. Plotohelmis cf. capitata ZMMU WS20963, parapodia. (A) segment 5, (B) segment 8, (C) segment 12, (D) segment 20. Designations: small black arrows point at broken acicular chaetae. A–C to same scale." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371393" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371395" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/15371393/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/15371395/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">7–8</figureCitation>
|
||||
)
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C308650BF85D6E7AFF23ED9ADBE79E69" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="reference_group">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F85D6E7AFF23ED9AD8B49CDE" blockId="13.[151,1437,1468,1861]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0211AEF85D6E7AFF23ED9AD8B49CDE" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F85D6E7AFF23ED9ADB749CF8" author="Greeff, R." box="[151,574,1468,1493]" page="74" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" year="1876">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F85D6E7AFF23ED9ADB749CF8" ID-CoL="4SS2X" authority="Greeff, 1876: 74" authorityName="Greeff" authorityPageNumber="74" authorityYear="1876" box="[151,574,1468,1493]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Rhynchonerella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="capitata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85D6E7AFF23ED9AD8C59CF9" box="[151,399,1468,1492]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Rhynchonerella capitata</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85D6E7AFE21ED9ADB749CF8" author="Greeff, R." box="[405,574,1468,1493]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="34 - 122" refId="ref23894" refString="Greeff, R. (1876) Untersuchungen uber die Alciopiden. Nova Acta der Kaiserlichen Leopold-Carolin Deutschen Akademie der Naturforscher, 39 (2), 34-122. [http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12766776]" type="journal article" year="1876">Greeff, 1876: 74</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
, pl.5 Fig. 67–68 [original description, figures of head region and one of the tentacular cirri; Arrecife,
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="49D6F862F85D6E7AFEEAEDFDD8B29CDE" box="[350,504,1499,1523]" country="Spain" name="Canarias" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Canary Islands</collectingRegion>
|
||||
]
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F85D6E7AFF29EDDCD8D79FA1" blockId="13.[151,1437,1468,1861]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0211AEF85D6E7AFF29EDDCD8D79FA1" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F85D6E7AFF29EDDCDB399F3F" author="Greeff, R." box="[157,627,1530,1554]" page="453" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" year="1885">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F85D6E7AFF29EDDCDB399F3F" ID-CoL="4SS2Z" authority="Greeff 1885: 450 - 453" authorityName="Greeff" authorityPageNumber="450 - 453" authorityYear="1885" box="[157,627,1530,1554]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Rhynchonerella" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="fulgens">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85D6E7AFF29EDDCD8C19F3F" box="[157,395,1530,1554]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Rhynchonerella fulgens</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85D6E7AFE25EDDCDB399F3F" author="Greeff, R." box="[401,627,1530,1554]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="432 - 458" refId="ref23978" refString="Greeff, R. (1885) Uber die pelagische Fauna an den Kusten der Guinea-Inseln. Pelagische Anneliden von Rolas. Zeitschrift Wissenschaftliche Zoologie, 42, 432-458. [https://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/45468805]" type="journal article" year="1885">Greeff 1885: 450–453</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
, Pl. XIII Figs, 27–32, Pl. XIV Figs. 33–36 [original description; Gulf of
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3057610F85D6E7AFAF9EDDCDCD39F3F" box="[1357,1433,1530,1554]" name="Guinea-Bissau" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Guinea</collectingCountry>
|
||||
, tropical Atlantic].—
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F85D6E7AFE3BEE3EDB749F1D" author="Apstein, C." box="[399,574,1560,1585]" page="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" year="1900">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85D6E7AFE3BEE3EDB749F1D" author="Apstein, C." box="[399,574,1560,1585]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="1 - 62" refId="ref21749" refString="Apstein, C. (1900) Die Alciopiden und Tomopteriden der Plankton-Expedition. Ergebnisse der Plankton-Expedition der Humboldt- Stiftung, 2, 1-62. [http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/2130655]" type="journal article" year="1900">Apstein 1900: 15</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
, Pl. II Figs 19–22, Pl. V Fig. 51 [brief description and comparison with
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85D6E7AFB49EE3ED8509F62" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Rhynchonerella capitata</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85D6E7AFE96EE11D8ED9F62" author="Greeff, R." box="[290,423,1591,1615]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="34 - 122" refId="ref23894" refString="Greeff, R. (1876) Untersuchungen uber die Alciopiden. Nova Acta der Kaiserlichen Leopold-Carolin Deutschen Akademie der Naturforscher, 39 (2), 34-122. [http://biodiversitylibrary.org/page/12766776]" type="journal article" year="1876">Greeff, 1876</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
; tropical and subtropical Atlantic].—Izuka 1914: 8–9, Pl. I
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F85D6E7AFBB9EE11DD349F62" box="[1037,1150,1591,1615]" captionStart-0="FIGURE 11" captionStart-1="FIGURE 12" captionStartId-0="21.[151,250,1817,1841]" captionStartId-1="22.[151,250,1594,1618]" captionTargetBox-0="[230,1357,584,1792]" captionTargetBox-1="[158,1430,179,1568]" captionTargetId-0="figure-160@21.[229,1357,583,1793]" captionTargetId-1="figure-24@22.[158,1430,179,1568]" captionTargetPageId-0="21" captionTargetPageId-1="22" captionText-0="FIGURE 11. Typhloscolecidae from the Red Sea. Maximum Likelihood tree inferred from concatenated 18S and 28S sequences obtained from our material and from GenBank. Black numbers above branches indicate Maximum Likelihood (ML) bootstrap values; blue numbers below show Bayesian posterior probabilities (BI). IDs of specimens collected in the Red Sea during the present study marked with blue boxes." captionText-1="FIGURE 12. Typhloscolecidae. (A) Sagitella kowalewskii, anterior end, (B) posterior end, (C) Sagitella dubia comb. nov., anterior end, ZMMU WS20989 (D) posterior end, ZMMU WS20989 (E) general view of a “thick” worm, ZMMU WS20984, ZMMU WS20985, ZMMU WS20988 (F) anterior end, ventral view. Designations: cr—caruncle, no—nuchal organs, pb— proboscis, pd—palpodium, I—first cephalic cirrus, II—second cirrus, III—third cirrus. Black arrowhead indicates the place of attachment of the first cephalic cirrus, Sagitella kowalewskii has the second pair of cirri attached at the level of nuchal organs, Sagitella dubia comb. nov. has the first pair of cirri attached at the level of nuchal organs and the second pair on the neck." figureDoi-0="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371401" figureDoi-1="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371405" httpUri-0="https://zenodo.org/record/15371401/files/figure.png" httpUri-1="https://zenodo.org/record/15371405/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Figs 11–12</figureCitation>
|
||||
[description; Pacific Ocean off
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3057610F85D6E7AFF58EE70D8629F40" box="[236,296,1622,1645]" name="Japan" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Japan</collectingCountry>
|
||||
] —
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F85D6E7AFEE5EE70DB5E9F43" author="Fauvel, P." box="[337,532,1622,1646]" page="2010" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" year="1923">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85D6E7AFEE5EE70DB5E9F43" author="Fauvel, P." box="[337,532,1622,1646]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="1 - 488" refId="ref23272" refString="Fauvel, P. (1923) Polychetes Errantes. Faune de France, 5, 1-488. http://www.faunedefrance.org/" type="journal article" year="1923">Fauvel 1923: 2010</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
, Fig. 79 a–d [description; Atlantic, Mediterranean off
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3057610F85D6E7AFBF1EE70DDDA9F43" box="[1093,1168,1622,1646]" name="Algeria" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Algiers</collectingCountry>
|
||||
and between the Balearic Islands and Sardinia]
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F85D6E7AFF23EEB5DBE79E69" blockId="13.[151,1437,1468,1861]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||||
<treatmentCitationGroup id="AB0211AEF85D6E7AFF23EEB5DBE79E69" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F85D6E7AFF23EEB5DB109F86" author="Stop-Bowitz, C." box="[151,602,1683,1707]" page="32" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" year="1948">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F85D6E7AFF23EEB5DB109F86" ID-CoL="4KHTB" authority="Stop-Bowitz 1948: 32" authorityName="Stop-Bowitz" authorityPageNumber="32" authorityYear="1948" box="[151,602,1683,1707]" class="Polychaeta" family="Phyllodocidae" genus="Plotohelmis" kingdom="Animalia" order="Phyllodocida" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" phylum="Annelida" rank="species" species="capitata">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85D6E7AFF23EEB5D8269F86" box="[151,364,1683,1707]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Plotohelmis capitata</emphasis>
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85D6E7AFEC1EEB5DB109F86" author="Stop-Bowitz, C." box="[373,602,1683,1707]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="1 - 91" refId="ref26735" refString="Stop-Bowitz, C. (1948) Polychaeta from the " Michael Sars " North Atlantic deep-sea expedition 1910. Report on the Scientific Results of the Michael Sars North Atlantic Deep-Sea Expedition, 5 (8), 1-91." type="journal article" year="1948">Støp-Bowitz 1948: 32</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
[description almost missing; synonymy and discussion of distribution based on Atlantic and Mediterranean records], 1992: 57 [description almost missing, discussion of synonymy; Atlantic ocean off central Africa].—
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F85D6E7AFECDEEF6DB559FC5" author="Dales, R. P." box="[377,543,1744,1768]" page="126" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" year="1957">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85D6E7AFECDEEF6DB559FC5" author="Dales, R. P." box="[377,543,1744,1768]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" pagination="99 - 168" refId="ref22483" refString="Dales, R. P. (1957) Pelagic polychaetes of the Pacific Ocean. Bulletin of the Scripps Institution of Oceanogaphy, 7 (2), 99-168. [https://escholarship.org/uc/item/51c8j5nj]" type="journal article" year="1957">Dales 1957: 126</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
, 128 [comparison of three
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85D6E7AFC98EEF6DAEF9FC5" box="[812,933,1744,1768]" italics="true" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Plotohelmis</emphasis>
|
||||
species based on records published elsewhere].—
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F85D6E7AFF73EED6D8169E2A" author="Day, J. H." box="[199,348,1775,1800]" page="195" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" year="1967">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85D6E7AFF73EED6D8169E2A" author="Day, J. H." box="[199,348,1775,1800]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refId="ref22621" refString="Day, J. H. (1967) Polychaeta of Southern Africa. Part 1. Errantia. British Museum of the Natural History, London, 458 pp. [http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/8596]" type="book" year="1967">Day 1967: 195</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F85D6E7AFED1EEC9D8919E2A" box="[357,475,1775,1799]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1673,1697]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,179,1647]" captionTargetId="figure-18@15.[151,1435,179,1647]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Plotohelmis cf. capitata male (ZMMU WS20963), general view. (A) anterior end, dorsal view, (B) anterior end, ventral view. Designations: pr—proboscis, mp—marginal papillae of proboscis, fan—frontal antennae, man—median antenna, dc—dorsal tentacular cirri, vc—ventral tentacular cirri/ Black arrowheads point at genital papillae, white arrowheads point at segmental glands A and B to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371393" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371393/files/figure.png" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Fig. 7.5 J–L</figureCitation>
|
||||
[description; southwest Indian Ocean].—
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F85D6E7AFCCEEEC9DD9E9E2A" author="Orensanz, J. M. & Ramirez, F. C." box="[890,1236,1775,1799]" page="47" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" year="1973">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85D6E7AFCCEEEC9DD9E9E2A" author="Orensanz, J. M. & Ramirez, F. C." box="[890,1236,1775,1799]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refId="ref25467" refString="Orensanz, J. M. & Ramirez, F. C. (1973) Taxonomia y distribucion de los poliquetos pelagicos del Atlantico Sudoccidental. Instituto de Biologia Marina, La Plata, 118 pp." type="book" year="1973">Orensanz & Ramírez 1973: 47–49</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
, Pl. IX [description; subtropical north Atlantic].—
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F85D6E7AFE4CEF28DB839E0B" author="Hartman, O." box="[504,713,1806,1830]" page="171" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" year="1959">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85D6E7AFE4CEF28DB839E0B" author="Hartman, O." box="[504,713,1806,1830]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refId="ref24118" refString="Hartman, O. (1959) Catalogue of the Polychaetous Annelids of the World. Parts 1 and 2. University of Southern California Press, Los Angeles, 628 pp." type="book" year="1959">Hartman 1959: 171</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
[synonymy].—
|
||||
<treatmentCitation id="0AB31091F85D6E7AFCDCEF29DDFD9E0B" author="Fernandez-Alamo, M. A." box="[872,1207,1806,1832]" page="82" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" year="1983">
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85D6E7AFCDCEF29DDFD9E0B" author="Fernandez-Alamo, M. A." box="[872,1207,1806,1832]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" refId="ref23368" refString="Fernandez-Alamo, M. A. (1983) Los poliquetos pelagicos (Annelida - Polychaeta) del Pacifico oriental tropical: sistematica y zoogeografia. Dissertation, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico, D. F., 481 pp." type="book" year="1983">Fernández-Álamo 1983: 82–86</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
</treatmentCitation>
|
||||
, Fig. 20 [description; Pacific Ocean off
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3057610F85D6E7AFECAEF0AD8819E69" box="[382,459,1836,1860]" name="Mexico" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Mexico</collectingCountry>
|
||||
and Central America]
|
||||
</treatmentCitationGroup>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C308650BF85D6E7AFF23EF54DA839E9C" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="materials_examined">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F85D6E7AFF23EF54DA839E9C" blockId="13.[151,1437,1906,2041]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85D6E7AFF23EF54D8349EA1" bold="true" box="[151,382,1906,1932]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Material examined.</emphasis>
|
||||
<materialsCitation id="3B7A3CDDF85D6E7AFE37EF55DA8F9E9C" collectionCode="ZMMU" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" specimenCode="WS20963, WS20964, WS20965, WS20966, WS20967, WS20968, WS20969" specimenCount="7">
|
||||
<specimenCount id="9D14FD09F85D6E7AFE37EF55DB0F9EA0" box="[387,581,1907,1933]" count="7" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="generic">Seven specimens</specimenCount>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED03AE45F85D6E7AFDF9EF55DBEE9EA0" box="[589,676,1907,1933]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="Museum">ZMMU</collectionCode>
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBB49EFBF85D6E7AFD1CEF55DA509EA0" box="[680,794,1907,1933]" collectionCode="ZMMU" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="Museum">WS20963</specimenCode>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED03AE45F85D6E7AFC97EF55DA309EA0" box="[803,890,1907,1933]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="Museum">ZMMU</collectionCode>
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBB49EFBF85D6E7AFCCBEF55DAB89EA0" box="[895,1010,1907,1933]" collectionCode="ZMMU" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="Museum">WS20964</specimenCode>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED03AE45F85D6E7AFC4EEF55DD1B9EA0" box="[1018,1105,1907,1933]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="Museum">ZMMU</collectionCode>
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBB49EFBF85D6E7AFBE1EF54DD829EA0" box="[1109,1224,1906,1933]" collectionCode="ZMMU" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="Museum">WS20965</specimenCode>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED03AE45F85D6E7AFB65EF55DC629EA0" box="[1233,1320,1907,1933]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="Museum">ZMMU</collectionCode>
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBB49EFBF85D6E7AFA98EF55DCD69EA0" box="[1324,1436,1907,1933]" collectionCode="ZMMU" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="Museum">WS20966</specimenCode>
|
||||
(FA, Et);
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED03AE45F85D6E7AFEB5EFB1D8129E9C" box="[257,344,1943,1969]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="Museum">ZMMU</collectionCode>
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBB49EFBF85D6E7AFEEBEFB1D89B9E9C" box="[351,465,1943,1969]" collectionCode="ZMMU" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="Museum">WS20967</specimenCode>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED03AE45F85D6E7AFE69EFB1DB7E9E9C" box="[477,564,1943,1969]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="Museum">ZMMU</collectionCode>
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBB49EFBF85D6E7AFD8EEFB1DBE79E9C" box="[570,685,1943,1969]" collectionCode="ZMMU" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="Museum">WS20968</specimenCode>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<collectionCode id="ED03AE45F85D6E7AFD0CEFB1DA459E9C" box="[696,783,1943,1969]" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="Museum">ZMMU</collectionCode>
|
||||
<specimenCode id="DBB49EFBF85D6E7AFCA2EFB1DACC9E9C" box="[790,902,1943,1969]" collectionCode="ZMMU" country="Russia" httpUri="http://grbio.org/cool/k3qp-615s" name="Zoological Museum, Moscow Lomonosov State University" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="Museum">WS20969</specimenCode>
|
||||
(FA)
|
||||
</materialsCitation>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C308650BF85D6E79FF73EF9CDA619AAC" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F85D6E79FF73EF9CDA619AAC" blockId="13.[151,1437,1906,2041]" lastBlockId="14.[151,1437,151,1871]" lastPageId="14" lastPageNumber="15" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85D6E7AFF73EF9CDBF89EF9" bold="true" box="[199,690,1978,2005]" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">Description (based on all our material).</emphasis>
|
||||
Material represented by fragments
|
||||
<quantity id="4CEA9B65F85D6E7AFBE3EF9DDDF29EF8" box="[1111,1208,1979,2005]" metricMagnitude="-3" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.5" metricValueMax="3.0" metricValueMin="2.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="2.5" valueMax="3.0" valueMin="2.0">2–3 mm</quantity>
|
||||
long comprised by 13–20 chaetigers; width at 10
|
||||
<superScript id="7C679BC8F85D6E7AFE40EFF8DB4B9EC1" attach="left" box="[500,513,2014,2028]" fontSize="6" pageId="13" pageNumber="14">th</superScript>
|
||||
chaetiger
|
||||
<quantity id="4CEA9B65F85D6E7AFDCAEFF8DA469ED4" box="[638,780,2014,2041]" metricMagnitude="-4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="4.5" metricValueMax="5.0" metricValueMin="4.0" pageId="13" pageNumber="14" unit="mm" value="0.45" valueMax="0.5" valueMin="0.4">0.4–0.5 mm</quantity>
|
||||
. Prostomium projects in front of eyes. Frontal antennae tapering, subequal; median antenna hardly discernible, as round papilla (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F85E6E79FC53E8B1DD0E999C" box="[999,1092,151,177]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1673,1697]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,179,1647]" captionTargetId="figure-18@15.[151,1435,179,1647]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Plotohelmis cf. capitata male (ZMMU WS20963), general view. (A) anterior end, dorsal view, (B) anterior end, ventral view. Designations: pr—proboscis, mp—marginal papillae of proboscis, fan—frontal antennae, man—median antenna, dc—dorsal tentacular cirri, vc—ventral tentacular cirri/ Black arrowheads point at genital papillae, white arrowheads point at segmental glands A and B to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371393" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371393/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 7A</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Eyes directed sideways and slightly forward. Proboscis short with 12 marginal papillae. Tentacular cirri arranged as; dorsal ones increasing in size caudally with D3 being almost equal to body width without parapodia; ventral cirri minute, V2<V3 (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F85E6E79FF49E925D8139830" box="[253,345,259,285]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1673,1697]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,179,1647]" captionTargetId="figure-18@15.[151,1435,179,1647]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Plotohelmis cf. capitata male (ZMMU WS20963), general view. (A) anterior end, dorsal view, (B) anterior end, ventral view. Designations: pr—proboscis, mp—marginal papillae of proboscis, fan—frontal antennae, man—median antenna, dc—dorsal tentacular cirri, vc—ventral tentacular cirri/ Black arrowheads point at genital papillae, white arrowheads point at segmental glands A and B to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371393" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371393/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). All parapodia well-developed, each with oviform and bluntly pointed dorsal cirrus and small ventral cirrus of elongated oviform shape 1.5–2 times smaller than dorsal one. Chaetigerous lobe bluntly conical, reaching approximately as far as dorsal cirrus, without cirriform appendage. Parapodia of segments 4–12 or 4–13 with several strong and stout acicular chaetae with slightly curved tips. In most well-preserved specimen, 3 acicular chaetae are present in parapodia of segments 4 and 5 (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F85E6E79FD4FE9B5DA1C9880" box="[763,854,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1152,1176]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1128]" captionTargetId="figure-24@16.[151,1436,181,1128]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 8. Plotohelmis cf. capitata ZMMU WS20963, parapodia. (A) segment 5, (B) segment 8, (C) segment 12, (D) segment 20. Designations: small black arrows point at broken acicular chaetae. A–C to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371395" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371395/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 8A</figureCitation>
|
||||
),
|
||||
<quantity id="4CEA9B65F85E6E79FCDFE9B4DAF99880" box="[875,947,402,429]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.143" metricValueMax="1.27" metricValueMin="1.016" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="in" value="4.5" valueMax="5.0" valueMin="4.0">4–5 in</quantity>
|
||||
segments 6–11 (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F85E6E79FBC6E9B5DD809880" box="[1138,1226,403,429]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1152,1176]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1128]" captionTargetId="figure-24@16.[151,1436,181,1128]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 8. Plotohelmis cf. capitata ZMMU WS20963, parapodia. (A) segment 5, (B) segment 8, (C) segment 12, (D) segment 20. Designations: small black arrows point at broken acicular chaetae. A–C to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371395" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371395/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 8B</figureCitation>
|
||||
), and 3–4 again in segments 12 and 13 (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F85E6E79FE33E991D8AA98FC" box="[391,480,439,465]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1152,1176]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1128]" captionTargetId="figure-24@16.[151,1436,181,1128]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 8. Plotohelmis cf. capitata ZMMU WS20963, parapodia. (A) segment 5, (B) segment 8, (C) segment 12, (D) segment 20. Designations: small black arrows point at broken acicular chaetae. A–C to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371395" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371395/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 8C</figureCitation>
|
||||
). In some individuals, number of last segments with multiple acicular chaetae lower, as well as their maximum quantity; but see Remarks. Acicular chaetae may be accompanied with single or few short spinigers whose occurrence increases posteriorly. Starting from segment 14 onwards each parapodium bears a tuft of long and fine compound spinigers with obliquely pointed shaft tips and short blades, and only one long and slender acicular chaeta with straight tip (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F85E6E79FD2EEA61DBBF9B4C" box="[666,757,583,609]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1152,1176]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1128]" captionTargetId="figure-24@16.[151,1436,181,1128]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 8. Plotohelmis cf. capitata ZMMU WS20963, parapodia. (A) segment 5, (B) segment 8, (C) segment 12, (D) segment 20. Designations: small black arrows point at broken acicular chaetae. A–C to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371395" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371395/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 8D</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Latter decreases in length caudally. Three or four pairs of genital papillae present in males below parapodia within range of segments 10–15 (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F85E6E79FBFCEA4DDDEB9BA8" box="[1096,1185,619,645]" captionStart="FIGURE 7" captionStartId="15.[151,250,1673,1697]" captionTargetBox="[151,1435,179,1647]" captionTargetId="figure-18@15.[151,1435,179,1647]" captionTargetPageId="15" captionText="FIGURE 7. Plotohelmis cf. capitata male (ZMMU WS20963), general view. (A) anterior end, dorsal view, (B) anterior end, ventral view. Designations: pr—proboscis, mp—marginal papillae of proboscis, fan—frontal antennae, man—median antenna, dc—dorsal tentacular cirri, vc—ventral tentacular cirri/ Black arrowheads point at genital papillae, white arrowheads point at segmental glands A and B to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371393" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371393/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 7B</figureCitation>
|
||||
). Segmental glands as vertical ventro-lateral bars behind parapodia. Coloration: body slightly yellowish; small granules of brown pigment scattered across body. Anteriorly, they occur mainly around segmental glands and under parapodia, thus forming two indistinct longitudinal bars on ventral area. Posteriorly they group near segment boundaries. Dorsum pigmented much scarcer than ventrum. Location of pigment granules on dorsum seems irregular. Segmental glands pigmented entirely or contain granules of pigment similar to those scattered across body, but darker and larger, but no branching chromatophores. Pigmentation differs between individuals from rather dense to very poor one including only rare spots confined to segmental glands (especially in females).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C308650BF85E6E79FF73EBADDA359FB4" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="discussion">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F85E6E79FF73EBADDA6C9DE8" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,1871]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85E6E79FF73EBADD8719A88" bold="true" box="[199,315,907,933]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Remarks.</emphasis>
|
||||
Acicular chaetae are easily broken in this species. Without cutting off parapodia and preparing a slide, their number and arrangement can be underestimated. But even studying parapodia preparations under a compound microscope allows tracking bases of broken chaetae (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F85E6E79FD52EBF5DA719AC0" box="[742,827,979,1005]" captionStart="FIGURE 8" captionStartId="16.[151,250,1152,1176]" captionTargetBox="[151,1436,181,1128]" captionTargetId="figure-24@16.[151,1436,181,1128]" captionTargetPageId="16" captionText="FIGURE 8. Plotohelmis cf. capitata ZMMU WS20963, parapodia. (A) segment 5, (B) segment 8, (C) segment 12, (D) segment 20. Designations: small black arrows point at broken acicular chaetae. A–C to same scale." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371395" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371395/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 8B</figureCitation>
|
||||
) only in well preserved specimens. Otherwise, the true number of acicular chaetae in a parapodium can be underestimated even after a careful examination. In our material, multiple acicular chaetae could be seen up to segment
|
||||
<quantity id="4CEA9B65F85E6E79FD45EC3DDA0F9D18" box="[753,837,1051,1077]" metricMagnitude="-1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.794" metricValueMax="3.302" metricValueMin="2.286" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" unit="in" value="11.0" valueMax="13.0" valueMin="9.0">9–13 in</quantity>
|
||||
different individuals, but the ones with fewer acicular chaetae were also the most poorly preserved ones. In the literature, it is usually just mentioned that acicular chaetae predominate in anterior segments and a single one remains in posterior parapodia (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85E6E79FB92EC45DDE29D50" author="Dales, R. P." box="[1062,1192,1122,1149]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="99 - 168" refId="ref22483" refString="Dales, R. P. (1957) Pelagic polychaetes of the Pacific Ocean. Bulletin of the Scripps Institution of Oceanogaphy, 7 (2), 99-168. [https://escholarship.org/uc/item/51c8j5nj]" type="journal article" year="1957">Dales 1957</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85E6E79FB06EC45D9989D8C" author="Orensanz, J. M. & Ramirez, F. C." pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="ref25467" refString="Orensanz, J. M. & Ramirez, F. C. (1973) Taxonomia y distribucion de los poliquetos pelagicos del Atlantico Sudoccidental. Instituto de Biologia Marina, La Plata, 118 pp." type="book" year="1973">Orensanz & Ramírez 1973</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
;
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85E6E79FF69ECAED8A09D8C" author="Fernandez-Alamo, M. A." box="[221,490,1159,1187]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="ref23368" refString="Fernandez-Alamo, M. A. (1983) Los poliquetos pelagicos (Annelida - Polychaeta) del Pacifico oriental tropical: sistematica y zoogeografia. Dissertation, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico, D. F., 481 pp." type="book" year="1983">Fernández-Álamo 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85E6E79FE48ECA1DB319D8C" author="Day, J. H." box="[508,635,1159,1185]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="ref22621" refString="Day, J. H. (1967) Polychaeta of Southern Africa. Part 1. Errantia. British Museum of the Natural History, London, 458 pp. [http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/8596]" type="book" year="1967">Day (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
noted that “Segments 4–10 have three to five acicular setae with curved tips but later ones have only one to two with straight tips”.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F85E6E79FF73ECE9D88D9C54" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,1871]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||||
Instead of branching chromatophores extending to the ventrum from segmental glands as described by
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85E6E79FADAECE9D9A89C20" author="Day, J. H." pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="ref22621" refString="Day, J. H. (1967) Polychaeta of Southern Africa. Part 1. Errantia. British Museum of the Natural History, London, 458 pp. [http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/8596]" type="book" year="1967">Day (1967)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
or
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85E6E79FEA5ECD5DB159C20" author="Orensanz, J. M. & Ramirez, F. C." box="[273,607,1267,1293]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="ref25467" refString="Orensanz, J. M. & Ramirez, F. C. (1973) Taxonomia y distribucion de los poliquetos pelagicos del Atlantico Sudoccidental. Instituto de Biologia Marina, La Plata, 118 pp." type="book" year="1973">Orensanz & Ramírez (1973)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
, brown granules of pigment were scattered across the body in all our specimens, although apparently tending to group around segmental glands. Extent of pigmentation varied between individuals. The number and arrangement of genital papillae in males from our material were within the range described by other authors.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F85E6E79FF73EDA5DD8D9F00" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,1871]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||||
Specimens included in our phylogenetic analyses embraced as much morphological variability as was possible: genital papillae located within the range of segments from 10–12 to 13–15; different number and arrangement of acicular chaetae; and different extent of pigmentation. However, obtained sequences were exactly the same (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="13292A05F85E6E79FAFEEDEDDCC49CC8" box="[1354,1422,1482,1509]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="10.[151,250,1824,1848]" captionTargetBox="[268,1318,181,1800]" captionTargetId="figure-24@10.[268,1318,181,1800]" captionTargetPageId="10" captionText="FIGURE 5. Vanadis minuta, general view. (A) uncolored lineage, anterior end of female specimen ZMMU WS20962, dorsal view, (B) lineage with faintly colored segmental glands, anterior end of male specimen ZMMU WS20962, ventral view, (C– E) coloration of glands in colored lineage (ZMMU WS20962). Designations: pr—proboscis, lh—lateral horns, fl—flange connecting bases of lateral horns, fan—frontal antennae, man–median antenna, tc—tentacular cirri, cph1—enlarged cirrophore of first tentacular cirrus, rp—reduced parapodium, rs–receptacula seminis. White arrowheads point at uncolored segmental glands, black arrowheads point at colored segmental glands." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15371389" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15371389/files/figure.png" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Fig. 5</figureCitation>
|
||||
). This confirms high intraspecific variability; exact numbers of segments with genital papillae and multiple acicular chaetae turn out to be of little importance and only general ranges should be taken into account.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F85E6E79FF73EE11DA359FB4" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,1871]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||||
The difference in pigmentation between our material and literature descriptions remains unclear. Pigmentation patterns in this genus are considered important (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85E6E79FD2EEE7DDA409F58" author="Day, J. H." box="[666,778,1627,1653]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="ref22621" refString="Day, J. H. (1967) Polychaeta of Southern Africa. Part 1. Errantia. British Museum of the Natural History, London, 458 pp. [http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/8596]" type="book" year="1967">Day 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), so this inconsistency cannot be disregarded.Unfortunately, no other sequences from this species are available for comparison.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="C308650BF85E6E79FF73EE84DDF49E60" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" type="distribution">
|
||||
<paragraph id="8BAD3680F85E6E79FF73EE84DDF49E60" blockId="14.[151,1437,151,1871]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">
|
||||
<emphasis id="B966EA92F85E6E79FF73EE84D82B9F91" bold="true" box="[199,353,1698,1724]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Distribution.</emphasis>
|
||||
<typeStatus id="54A98822F85E6E79FEDFEE85D8E99F90" box="[363,419,1699,1725]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Type</typeStatus>
|
||||
locality: Arrecife, Canary Islands. Succeeding records included mostly subtropical and tropical Atlantic and Mediterranean, which led to a conception that it is a predominantly warm Atlantic form (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85E6E79FAEAEEE1D8619E28" author="Stop-Bowitz, C." pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="1 - 91" refId="ref26735" refString="Stop-Bowitz, C. (1948) Polychaeta from the " Michael Sars " North Atlantic deep-sea expedition 1910. Report on the Scientific Results of the Michael Sars North Atlantic Deep-Sea Expedition, 5 (8), 1-91." type="journal article" year="1948">Støp-Bowitz 1948</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85E6E79FE8BEECDD89A9E28" author="Dales, R. P." box="[319,464,1770,1797]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="99 - 168" refId="ref22483" refString="Dales, R. P. (1957) Pelagic polychaetes of the Pacific Ocean. Bulletin of the Scripps Institution of Oceanogaphy, 7 (2), 99-168. [https://escholarship.org/uc/item/51c8j5nj]" type="journal article" year="1957">Dales (1957)</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
listed (Izuka 1914) as the only existing record outside Atlantic. However, later studies provided records from southwest Indian Ocean (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85E6E79FD06EF29DA6F9E04" author="Day, J. H." box="[690,805,1807,1833]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="ref22621" refString="Day, J. H. (1967) Polychaeta of Southern Africa. Part 1. Errantia. British Museum of the Natural History, London, 458 pp. [http://www.biodiversitylibrary.org/bibliography/8596]" type="book" year="1967">Day 1967</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), Indian Ocean between Java and
|
||||
<collectingCountry id="F3057610F85E6E79FB29EF29DC4E9E04" box="[1181,1284,1807,1833]" name="Australia" pageId="14" pageNumber="15">Australia</collectingCountry>
|
||||
(
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85E6E79FAA6EF29DCDA9E04" author="Peter, G." box="[1298,1424,1807,1833]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" pagination="180 - 182" refId="ref25629" refString="Peter, G. (1974) Distribution of pelagic Polychaetes in the North-West Australian Sea during winter. Indian Journal of Marine Science, 3, 180-182. [http://nopr.niscpr.res.in/handle/123456789/39575]" type="journal article" year="1974">Peter 1974</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
), tropical and subtropical Pacific (
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="EF834B71F85E6E79FDB7EF12DA459E60" author="Fernandez-Alamo, M. A." box="[515,783,1843,1871]" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" refId="ref23368" refString="Fernandez-Alamo, M. A. (1983) Los poliquetos pelagicos (Annelida - Polychaeta) del Pacifico oriental tropical: sistematica y zoogeografia. Dissertation, Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico, D. F., 481 pp." type="book" year="1983">Fernández-Álamo 1983</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
) as well. Central
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="4C124D03F85E6E79FC60EF15DD7A9E60" authority="Sea" authorityName="Sea (Wehe & Fiege" authorityYear="2002" box="[980,1072,1843,1869]" class="Alsuviricetes" family="Alphaflexiviridae" genus="Red" higherTaxonomySource="CoL" kingdom="Orthornavirae" order="Tymovirales" pageId="14" pageNumber="15" phylum="Kitrinoviricota" rank="genus">Red Sea</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(this study).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
727
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Normal file
727
data/F7/7C/87/F77C8789505F9B69FC8D4EB6DFB3FC86.xml
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|
|
@ -0,0 +1,727 @@
|
|||
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<mods:title id="6BD9CF1360F2D03A2CB8550AB2DB2AD3">Abrupt Geographical Transition between Aposematic Color Forms in the Spittlebug Prosapia ignipectus (Fitch) (Hemiptera: Cercopidae)</mods:title>
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<mods:namePart id="22EF67A255F90CA83F6B1B9A4FCF89EF">Thompson, Vinton</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="7EFCC9D787081D6424125FBE09F06373">Office of the President, Metropolitan College of New York, 60 West Street, New York, NY 10006, USA & Department of Entomology, Division of Invertebrate Zoology, American Museum of Natural History,</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="2D9DD0F1E4B8E77C3C96A48D48D081DB">Carvalho, Gervasio S.</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="53B537B091135F394170A5C68210BE31">Laboratório de Entomologia, Faculdade de Biociências, Programa de Pós-Graduac ¸ ˜ ao em Zoologia,</mods:affiliation>
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<treatment id="F77C8789505F9B69FC8D4EB6DFB3FC86" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15398801" ID-Zenodo-Dep="15398801" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F77C8789505F9B69FC8D4EB6DFB3FC86" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F77C8789505F9B69FC8D4EB6DFB3FC86" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" scope_family="Cercopidae" scope_genus="Prosapia" scope_order="Hemiptera">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4DA1EA8D505F9B6DFC8D4EB6DBE8FC52" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||||
<subSubSection id="37CF6514505F9B6DFC8D4EB6DAF4FC7C" box="[823,1463,945,969]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="nomenclature">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7F6A369F505F9B6DFC8D4EB6DAF4FC7C" blockId="2.[823,1464,945,1606]" box="[823,1463,945,969]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||||
3.1. Both the Lined and Black
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="BD11F87D505F9B6DFBC84EB5DBF6FC7C" box="[1138,1205,946,969]" country="United States of America" name="Maine" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Maine</collectingRegion>
|
||||
Forms Are
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8D54D1C505F9B6DFA8B4EB5DAF4FC7C" box="[1329,1463,946,969]" class="Insecta" family="Cercopidae" genus="Prosapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ignipectus">P. ignipectus,</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="37CF6514505F9B69FC8D4EC8DFB3FC86" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="multiple">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7F6A369F505F9B6DFC8D4EC8DCB2F9F3" blockId="2.[823,1464,945,1606]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||||
Which Is Distinct from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8D54D1C505F9B6DFB8D4ED7DBE4FC52" baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[1079,1191,975,999]" class="Insecta" family="Cercopidae" genus="Prosapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicincta">P. bicincta</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Morse believed that his Norridgewock specimens represented a geographically disjunct population of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8D54D1C505F9B6DFBB6490ADB34FB91" baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[1036,1143,1036,1060]" class="Insecta" family="Cercopidae" genus="Prosapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicincta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4DA1EA8D505F9B6DFBB6490ADB34FB91" box="[1036,1143,1036,1060]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. bicincta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, a judgment apparently based solely on the presence of the lined orange pattern characteristic of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8D54D1C505F9B6DFC31494EDCBBFBD4" baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[907,1016,1097,1121]" class="Insecta" family="Cercopidae" genus="Prosapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicincta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4DA1EA8D505F9B6DFC31494EDCBBFBD4" box="[907,1016,1097,1121]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. bicincta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. GC dissected genitalia of representative males of southern
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8D54D1C505F9B6DFC44496FDB2BFBCA" baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[1022,1128,1127,1151]" class="Insecta" family="Cercopidae" genus="Prosapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicincta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4DA1EA8D505F9B6DFC44496FDB2BFBCA" box="[1022,1128,1127,1151]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. bicincta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and black and lined specimens from the
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="BD11F87D505F9B6DFC1A4982DCA0FB28" box="[928,995,1157,1181]" country="United States of America" name="Maine" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Maine</collectingRegion>
|
||||
populations in question. Male genitalia of the black and lined
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="BD11F87D505F9B6DFBB049A3DB0EFB09" box="[1034,1101,1188,1212]" country="United States of America" name="Maine" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Maine</collectingRegion>
|
||||
forms are indistinguishable. Both differ from the genitalia of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8D54D1C505F9B6DFBD649C4DB98FB6F" baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[1132,1243,1218,1242]" class="Insecta" family="Cercopidae" genus="Prosapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicincta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4DA1EA8D505F9B6DFBD649C4DB98FB6F" box="[1132,1243,1218,1242]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. bicincta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
consistent with the subtle interspecific differences in the apices of the styles illustrated by Hamilton [
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="1B444B6E505F9B6DFBF649F8DB1FFAA3" author="K. G. A. Hamilton" box="[1100,1116,1279,1302]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="621 - 630" refId="ref6662" refString="[7] K. G. A. Hamilton, " Review of the world species of Prosapia Fennah (Rhynchota: Homoptera: Cercopidae), " Canadian Entomologist, vol. 109, no. 4, pp. 621-630, 1977." type="journal article" year="1977">7</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
]. We conclude that both color forms belong to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8D54D1C505F9B6DFC444819DBC5FA80" box="[1022,1158,1310,1333]" class="Insecta" family="Cercopidae" genus="Prosapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ignipectus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4DA1EA8D505F9B6DFC444819DBC5FA80" box="[1022,1158,1310,1333]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. ignipectus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and, in concurrence with Hamilton [
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="1B444B6E505F9B6DFC14483BDCFDFAE6" author="K. G. A. Hamilton" box="[942,958,1340,1363]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="621 - 630" refId="ref6662" refString="[7] K. G. A. Hamilton, " Review of the world species of Prosapia Fennah (Rhynchota: Homoptera: Cercopidae), " Canadian Entomologist, vol. 109, no. 4, pp. 621-630, 1977." type="journal article" year="1977">7</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
], that
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8D54D1C505F9B6DFBBD483BDBC9FAE6" box="[1031,1162,1340,1363]" class="Insecta" family="Cercopidae" genus="Prosapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ignipectus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4DA1EA8D505F9B6DFBBD483BDBC9FAE6" box="[1031,1162,1340,1363]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. ignipectus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is distinct from
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8D54D1C505F9B6DFAFE483BDAF2FAE6" baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[1348,1457,1339,1363]" class="Insecta" family="Cercopidae" genus="Prosapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicincta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4DA1EA8D505F9B6DFAFE483BDAF2FAE6" box="[1348,1457,1339,1363]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. bicincta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. The specific difference is also supported by subtle differences in shape between the species (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8D54D1C505F9B6DFB2E487EDA59FA3A" box="[1172,1306,1400,1424]" class="Insecta" family="Cercopidae" genus="Prosapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ignipectus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4DA1EA8D505F9B6DFB2E487EDA59FA3A" box="[1172,1306,1400,1424]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. ignipectus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
more slender and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8D54D1C505F9B6DFCDD4890DC91FA1B" baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[871,978,1430,1454]" class="Insecta" family="Cercopidae" genus="Prosapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicincta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4DA1EA8D505F9B6DFCDD4890DC91FA1B" box="[871,978,1430,1454]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P. bicincta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
more robust), by the consistent difference in host plant associations noted above, and by the allopatric distribution of the taxa (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E7EE2A1A505F9B6DFBFE48D4DBDCFA5E" box="[1092,1183,1491,1515]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[135,206,812,833]" captionTargetBox="[151,757,198,785]" captionTargetId="figure-16@1.[411,670,367,534]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1: Approximate species ranges of Prosapia ignipectus (in black) and Prosapia bicincta (in orange). The populations examined in this study lie in the far northeastern portion of the P. ignipectus range in the area of the state of Maine outlined in red (see Figure 6). Yellow dots represent the occurrence of populations with mixed color forms, nominally all P. ignipectus, towards the southern part of the P. ignipectus range (see text for details)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15391469" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15391469/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
). DNA bar code analysis, based on sequences of a single mitochondrial gene, indicates that the species are closely related [
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="1B444B6E505F9B6DFB034B08DB94F992" author="R. G. Foottit & E. Maw & P. D. N. Hebert" box="[1209,1239,1551,1575]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" pagination="101385" refId="ref7571" refString="[25] R. G. Foottit, E. Maw, and P. D. N. Hebert, " DNA barcodes for nearctic auchenorrhyncha (Insecta: Hemiptera), " PLoS ONE, vol. 9, no. 7, Article ID e 101385, 2014." type="journal article" year="2014">25</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
], probably reflecting recent speciation.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7F6A369F505F9B6CFC8D4B72DC45F91C" blockId="2.[823,1464,1653,1980]" lastBlockId="3.[135,775,1406,1981]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4DA1EA8D505F9B6DFC8D4B72DB45F95D" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||||
3.2. Populations Monomorphic for the Lined Form Are Uniquely Clustered at the Northeastern Species Margin and Separated from Populations Monomorphic for the Black Form by Less Than
|
||||
<quantity id="B82D9B7A505F9B6DFC7E4BD7DB41F95D" box="[964,1026,1744,1768]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
|
||||
.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
<tableCitation id="32570324505F9B6DFBA84BD7DB18F95D" box="[1042,1115,1744,1768]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[126,187,557,580]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 1: Prosapia ignipectus collections in Maine, September 2003–August 2012. All specimens were swept from patches of Little Bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium (Michx.)) growing on or near roadside verges." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/2BAA661750589B6AFFC44F2ADE21FDD5" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" tableDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15398864" tableUuid="2BAA661750589B6AFFC44F2ADE21FDD5">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||||
reports the color forms encountered in
|
||||
<specimenCount id="69D3FD16505F9B6DFC374BE8DCFEF8B3" box="[909,957,1775,1799]" count="32" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="generic">
|
||||
32
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8D54D1C505F9B6DFC104BE8DCFEF8B3" box="[938,957,1775,1798]" class="Insecta" family="Cercopidae" genus="Prosapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ignipectus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4DA1EA8D505F9B6DFC104BE8DCFEF8B3" box="[938,957,1775,1798]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">P.</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</specimenCount>
|
||||
ignipectus collections made in 2003, 2004, 2006, and 2012 between the
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="BD11F87D505F9B6DFBA54A0ADB8FF890" box="[1055,1228,1805,1829]" country="United States of America" name="New Hampshire" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">New Hampshire</collectingRegion>
|
||||
border and Norridgewock. These populations represent the northeasternmost part of the species range.
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="960B4E13505F9B6DFBAD4A4DDB71F8D4" box="[1047,1074,1866,1889]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">To</collectingCounty>
|
||||
the immediate south, between
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="9F0EACE5505F9B6DFA3E4A4DDCE5F835" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Norridgewock</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
and the
|
||||
<location id="7A0A6044505F9B6DFBBE4A6FDB1AF835" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F77C8789505F9B69FC8D4EB6DFB3FC86:7A0A6044505F9B6DFBBE4A6FDB1AF835" box="[1028,1113,1896,1920]" county="To" municipality="Norridgewock" name="Atlantic" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" stateProvince="New Hampshire">Atlantic</location>
|
||||
coast,
|
||||
<location id="7A0A6044505F9B6DFB184A6FDA00F835" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F77C8789505F9B69FC8D4EB6DFB3FC86:7A0A6044505F9B6DFB184A6FDA00F835" box="[1186,1347,1896,1920]" county="To" municipality="Norridgewock" name="Little Bluestem" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" stateProvince="New Hampshire">Little Bluestem</location>
|
||||
appears to be absent.
|
||||
<location id="7A0A6044505F9B6DFC1E4A80DCF8F82B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F77C8789505F9B69FC8D4EB6DFB3FC86:7A0A6044505F9B6DFC1E4A80DCF8F82B" box="[932,955,1927,1950]" county="To" municipality="Norridgewock" name="In" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" stateProvince="New Hampshire">In</location>
|
||||
some areas east and northeast of
|
||||
<location id="7A0A6044505F9B6DFAA24A81DAF7F82B" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F77C8789505F9B69FC8D4EB6DFB3FC86:7A0A6044505F9B6DFAA24A81DAF7F82B" box="[1304,1460,1926,1950]" county="To" municipality="Norridgewock" name="Norridgewock" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" stateProvince="New Hampshire">Norridgewock</location>
|
||||
, for example, in parts of the
|
||||
<location id="7A0A6044505F9B6DFBCF4AA3DA31F809" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F77C8789505F9B69FC8D4EB6DFB3FC86:7A0A6044505F9B6DFBCF4AA3DA31F809" box="[1141,1394,1956,1980]" county="To" municipality="Norridgewock" name="Penobscot River Valley" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" stateProvince="New Hampshire">Penobscot River Valley</location>
|
||||
,
|
||||
<location id="7A0A6044505F9B6DFA3A4AA3DAF4F809" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F77C8789505F9B69FC8D4EB6DFB3FC86:7A0A6044505F9B6DFA3A4AA3DAF4F809" box="[1408,1463,1956,1980]" county="To" municipality="Norridgewock" name="Little" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" stateProvince="New Hampshire">Little</location>
|
||||
Bluestem is abundant but
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8D54D1C505E9B6CFE274879DD5DFA20" box="[413,542,1406,1429]" class="Insecta" family="Cercopidae" genus="Prosapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ignipectus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4DA1EA8D505E9B6CFE274879DD5DFA20" box="[413,542,1406,1429]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. ignipectus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is absent. In contrast,
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8D54D1C505E9B6CFF3D4899DE4AFA00" box="[135,265,1438,1461]" class="Insecta" family="Cercopidae" genus="Prosapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ignipectus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4DA1EA8D505E9B6CFF3D4899DE4AFA00" box="[135,265,1438,1461]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. ignipectus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
is common on Little Bluestem from Norridgewock north almost to Bingham in the Kennebec River Valley and along some of its tributaries to the west as well as in a portion of the Androscoggin River Valley centering on the city of Rumford. North and west of these populations, occasional Little Bluestem patches without
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8D54D1C505E9B6CFE604B30DD19F9FB" box="[474,602,1591,1614]" class="Insecta" family="Cercopidae" genus="Prosapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ignipectus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4DA1EA8D505E9B6CFE604B30DD19F9FB" box="[474,602,1591,1614]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. ignipectus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
extend up small river valleys into the Longfellow Mountains. The absence of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8D54D1C505E9B6CFF3D4B74DE46F93F" box="[135,261,1651,1674]" class="Insecta" family="Cercopidae" genus="Prosapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ignipectus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4DA1EA8D505E9B6CFF3D4B74DE46F93F" box="[135,261,1651,1674]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. ignipectus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
on Little Bluestem to the north and east indicates that factors other than host plant distribution limit its range.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="2BAA6617505E9B6CFF3D4FD7DD1BFCAB" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15391477" ID-Zenodo-Dep="15391477" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15391477/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" startId="3.[135,206,720,741]" targetBox="[216,1381,199,693]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7F6A369F505E9B6CFF3D4FD7DD1BFCAB" blockId="3.[135,1463,720,798]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
FIGURE 4: Reflex bleeding in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8D54D1C505E9B6CFE214FD6DD7FFD50" baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[411,572,720,742]" class="Insecta" family="Cercopidae" genus="Prosapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicincta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4DA1EA8D505E9B6CFE214FD6DD7FFD50" box="[411,572,720,742]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Prosapia bicincta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
: (a) droplets of yellow liquid emanating from tarsi, photograph by Sam Houston; (b) bleeding in response to attack by spider (see droplet of yellow liquid on front tarsus to left in picture and another droplet caught in the spider web in the background), photograph by Andy Williams.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<caption id="2BAA6617505E9B6CFF3D4806DD9AFA87" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15391479" ID-Zenodo-Dep="15391479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15391479/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" startId="3.[135,206,1281,1302]" targetBox="[216,1381,860,1252]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7F6A369F505E9B6CFF3D4806DD9AFA87" blockId="3.[135,1464,1280,1330]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
FIGURE 5:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8D54D1C505E9B6CFF574806DEE0FAA3" box="[237,419,1281,1302]" class="Insecta" family="Cercopidae" genus="Prosapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ignipectus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4DA1EA8D505E9B6CFF574806DEE0FAA3" box="[237,419,1281,1302]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Prosapia ignipectus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
, lined form: (a) sitting characteristically exposed while feeding on stems of Little Bluestem and (b) mating among stems of Little Bluestem, female above and male below.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7F6A369F505E9B6CFF154BA8DAF4F895" blockId="3.[135,775,1406,1981]" lastBlockId="3.[823,1464,1406,1824]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
Populations monomorphic for the lined form (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E7EE2A1A505E9B6CFD0D4BA8DFD7F950" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="3.[135,206,1281,1302]" captionTargetBox="[216,1381,860,1252]" captionTargetId="figure-73@3.[743,1336,872,1212]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 5: Prosapia ignipectus, lined form: (a) sitting characteristically exposed while feeding on stems of Little Bluestem and (b) mating among stems of Little Bluestem, female above and male below." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15391479" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15391479/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figures 5</figureCitation>
|
||||
(a) and 5(b)) lie in a discrete cluster at the extreme northeastern edge of the species distribution (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E7EE2A1A505E9B6CFDDC4BEBDD83F8B1" box="[614,704,1772,1796]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="4.[135,206,1113,1134]" captionTargetBox="[231,1365,199,1085]" captionTargetId="figure-3@4.[233,1365,202,936]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 6: Distribution of Prosapia ignipectus populations with lined, black, and mixed dorsal color forms at the northeastern extremity of the species range in Maine. Some closely spaced localities sampled are represented by a single color symbol. In New Vineyard, a single partially lined specimen was observed among 114 specimens collected; the rest were black." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15391481" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15391481/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figure 6</figureCitation>
|
||||
). They encompass an area of about
|
||||
<quantity id="B82D9B7A505E9B6CFE7C4A0ADD50F890" box="[454,531,1805,1829]" metricMagnitude="5" metricUnit="m" metricValue="6.75" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="km" value="675.0">675 km</quantity>
|
||||
<superScript id="88A09BD7505E9B6CFDA94A00DD5FF8AD" attach="left" box="[531,540,1799,1816]" fontSize="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">2</superScript>
|
||||
bounded roughly by the towns of Norridgewock, Bingham, Carrabassett, and New Portland. Less than
|
||||
<quantity id="B82D9B7A505E9B6CFEDD4A4DDEE7F8D4" box="[359,420,1865,1890]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="km" value="10.0">10 km</quantity>
|
||||
to the southwest in New Vineyard they are replaced by populations essentially monomorphic for the black form (with the exception of a single male individual taken in New Vineyard in 2004 that had a partially obscured single orange line across the pronotum) (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E7EE2A1A505E9B6CFC84489BDCDCFA01" box="[830,927,1436,1460]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="4.[135,206,1113,1134]" captionTargetBox="[231,1365,199,1085]" captionTargetId="figure-3@4.[233,1365,202,936]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 6: Distribution of Prosapia ignipectus populations with lined, black, and mixed dorsal color forms at the northeastern extremity of the species range in Maine. Some closely spaced localities sampled are represented by a single color symbol. In New Vineyard, a single partially lined specimen was observed among 114 specimens collected; the rest were black." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15391481" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15391481/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figure 6</figureCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<tableCitation id="32570324505E9B6CFC58489BDB70FA01" box="[994,1075,1436,1460]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[126,187,557,580]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 1: Prosapia ignipectus collections in Maine, September 2003–August 2012. All specimens were swept from patches of Little Bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium (Michx.)) growing on or near roadside verges." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/2BAA661750589B6AFFC44F2ADE21FDD5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" tableDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15398864" tableUuid="2BAA661750589B6AFFC44F2ADE21FDD5">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||||
). These populations are linked to other monomorphic black populations to the southwest by a monomorphic black population in Wilton. The area in which the collections were taken varies in elevation from about
|
||||
<quantity id="B82D9B7A505E9B6CFCC34B12DCB7F998" box="[889,1012,1557,1581]" metricMagnitude="2" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.625" metricValueMax="2.5" metricValueMin="0.75" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="m" value="162.5" valueMax="250.0" valueMin="75.0">75 to 250 m</quantity>
|
||||
and consists of low forest cover, broken by bogs, streams, human habitations, and farmland. There are no significant barriers to
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8D54D1C505E9B6CFBA54B54DBDDF9DF" box="[1055,1182,1619,1642]" class="Insecta" family="Cercopidae" genus="Prosapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ignipectus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4DA1EA8D505E9B6CFBA54B54DBDDF9DF" box="[1055,1182,1619,1642]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. ignipectus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
dispersal and the roadside habitats in which
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8D54D1C505E9B6CFC4E4B76DB37F93D" box="[1012,1140,1649,1672]" class="Insecta" family="Cercopidae" genus="Prosapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ignipectus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4DA1EA8D505E9B6CFC4E4B76DB37F93D" box="[1012,1140,1649,1672]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">P. ignipectus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
occurs are similar throughout the area. All of the monomorphic lined populations lie in the Kennebec River drainage, but this drainage also includes the monomorphic black populations in New Vineyard and Wilton. Monomorphic black populations to the immediate southwest lie in the Androscoggin River drainage (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E7EE2A1A505E9B6CFAF44A0FDAE9F895" box="[1358,1450,1800,1824]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="4.[135,206,1113,1134]" captionTargetBox="[231,1365,199,1085]" captionTargetId="figure-3@4.[233,1365,202,936]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 6: Distribution of Prosapia ignipectus populations with lined, black, and mixed dorsal color forms at the northeastern extremity of the species range in Maine. Some closely spaced localities sampled are represented by a single color symbol. In New Vineyard, a single partially lined specimen was observed among 114 specimens collected; the rest were black." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15391481" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15391481/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figure 6</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7F6A369F505E9B6BFC8D4A4DDDBFF93D" blockId="3.[823,1464,1865,1980]" lastBlockId="4.[135,776,1284,1673]" lastPageId="4" lastPageNumber="5" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4DA1EA8D505E9B6CFC8D4A4DDB32F835" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">3.3. A Geographically Limited Area Near Rumford Has Populations with Mixed Color Forms.</emphasis>
|
||||
Most of the populations along the Androscoggin River and its tributaries are monomorphic for the black color form, but three clustered populations, one in Rumford Center and two in nearby South Rumford on the opposite side of the river, exhibit a mixture of black, lined, and partially lined individuals (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E7EE2A1A50599B6BFDCC4846DD97FAEC" box="[630,724,1345,1369]" captionStart="FIGURE 6" captionStartId="4.[135,206,1113,1134]" captionTargetBox="[231,1365,199,1085]" captionTargetId="figure-3@4.[233,1365,202,936]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 6: Distribution of Prosapia ignipectus populations with lined, black, and mixed dorsal color forms at the northeastern extremity of the species range in Maine. Some closely spaced localities sampled are represented by a single color symbol. In New Vineyard, a single partially lined specimen was observed among 114 specimens collected; the rest were black." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15391481" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15391481/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figure 6</figureCitation>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<tableCitation id="3257032450599B6BFF3D4858DF8CFACD" box="[135,207,1375,1400]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[126,187,557,580]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 1: Prosapia ignipectus collections in Maine, September 2003–August 2012. All specimens were swept from patches of Little Bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium (Michx.)) growing on or near roadside verges." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/2BAA661750589B6AFFC44F2ADE21FDD5" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" tableDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15398864" tableUuid="2BAA661750589B6AFFC44F2ADE21FDD5">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||||
). These populations are 45 kilometers from the nearest monomorphic lined population to the northeast. In each case the lined individuals are phenotypically variable: some fully lined and some partially lined, most of the partially lined specimens with a single line across the pronotum. All populations sampled in
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="BD11F87D50599B6BFE3548F0DE90F9BA" box="[399,467,1527,1551]" country="United States of America" name="Maine" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Maine</collectingRegion>
|
||||
to the south and southwest of Center Rumford as well as in adjacent parts of
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="BD11F87D50599B6BFD6C4B11DFBEF9F9" country="United States of America" name="New Hampshire" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">New Hampshire</collectingRegion>
|
||||
were monomorphic for the black color form (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E7EE2A1A50599B6BFF344B55DFA7F9DF" box="[142,228,1618,1642]" captionStart="FIGURE 1" captionStartId="1.[135,206,812,833]" captionTargetBox="[151,757,198,785]" captionTargetId="figure-16@1.[411,670,367,534]" captionTargetPageId="1" captionText="FIGURE 1: Approximate species ranges of Prosapia ignipectus (in black) and Prosapia bicincta (in orange). The populations examined in this study lie in the far northeastern portion of the P. ignipectus range in the area of the state of Maine outlined in red (see Figure 6). Yellow dots represent the occurrence of populations with mixed color forms, nominally all P. ignipectus, towards the southern part of the P. ignipectus range (see text for details)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15391469" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15391469/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Figure 1</figureCitation>
|
||||
and VT unpublished observations), consistent with Morse’s observations in
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="BD11F87D50599B6BFE3E4B77DE8BF93D" box="[388,456,1648,1672]" country="United States of America" name="Maine" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Maine</collectingRegion>
|
||||
almost a century earlier [
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="1B444B6E50599B6BFD6F4B77DDB2F93D" author="A. P. Morse" box="[725,753,1648,1672]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="27 - 28" refId="ref7227" refString="[18] A. P. Morse, " Monecphora bicincta (Say) in New England, " Psyche, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 27-28, 1921." type="journal article" year="1921">18</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
].
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="2BAA661750599B6BFF3D495EDCC8FB12" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15391481" ID-Zenodo-Dep="15391481" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15391481/files/figure.png" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" startId="4.[135,206,1113,1134]" targetBox="[231,1365,199,1085]" targetPageId="4" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7F6A369F50599B6BFF3D495EDCC8FB12" blockId="4.[135,1463,1113,1191]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
FIGURE 6: Distribution of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8D54D1C50599B6BFEC1495EDD6DFBDB" box="[379,558,1113,1134]" class="Insecta" family="Cercopidae" genus="Prosapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ignipectus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4DA1EA8D50599B6BFEC1495EDD6DFBDB" box="[379,558,1113,1134]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Prosapia ignipectus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
populations with lined, black, and mixed dorsal color forms at the northeastern extremity of the species range in Maine. Some closely spaced localities sampled are represented by a single color symbol. In New Vineyard, a single partially lined specimen was observed among 114 specimens collected; the rest were black.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7F6A369F50599B6BFF3D4BB5DA26FAC2" blockId="4.[135,776,1714,1981]" lastBlockId="4.[823,1465,1284,1763]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4DA1EA8D50599B6BFF3D4BB5DD53F95D" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
3.4. A Few Populations near the P. bicincta-P.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8D54D1C50599B6BFDE94BB4DDF8F97F" box="[595,699,1715,1738]" class="Insecta" family="Cercopidae" genus="Prosapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ignipectus">ignipectus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Species Boundary Exhibit Mixed Color Forms.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
The AMNH collection includes one black specimen and one lined specimen (two elytral lines but no pronotal line) of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8D54D1C50599B6BFDBD4A09DDC4F890" box="[519,647,1806,1829]" class="Insecta" family="Cercopidae" genus="Prosapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ignipectus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4DA1EA8D50599B6BFDBD4A09DDC4F890" box="[519,647,1806,1829]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">P. ignipectus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
collected in
|
||||
<collectorName id="D220534950599B6BFF3D4A2CDE7AF8F6" box="[135,313,1835,1859]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Tuxedo Park, NY</collectorName>
|
||||
, in 1928. It also includes two lined specimens (
|
||||
<specimenCount id="69D3FD1650599B6BFF344A4DDFB6F8D4" box="[142,245,1865,1890]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="male">one male</specimenCount>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<specimenCount id="69D3FD1650599B6BFE954A4DDEEAF8D4" box="[303,425,1865,1889]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="female">one female</specimenCount>
|
||||
) collected along with two black specimens (
|
||||
<specimenCount id="69D3FD1650599B6BFEBF4A6FDE2AF835" box="[261,361,1896,1920]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="male">one male</specimenCount>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<specimenCount id="69D3FD1650599B6BFE254A6FDD54F835" box="[415,535,1896,1920]" count="1" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="female">one female</specimenCount>
|
||||
) on
|
||||
<collectorName id="D220534950599B6BFDF24A6FDC47F8CA" box="[584,772,1896,1920]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
<collectingCounty id="960B4E1350599B6BFDF24A6FDD97F835" box="[584,724,1896,1920]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Staten Island</collectingCounty>
|
||||
, NY
|
||||
</collectorName>
|
||||
, in 1970. A sweep of Little Bluestem
|
||||
<quantity id="B82D9B7A50599B6BFE454A81DD03F82B" box="[511,576,1926,1950]" metricMagnitude="4" metricUnit="m" metricValue="2.0" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" unit="km" value="20.0">20 km</quantity>
|
||||
from Tuxedo Park by VT in
|
||||
<date id="0B6B105F50599B6BFF544AA2DE33F808" box="[238,368,1957,1981]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="2014-08">
|
||||
<collectingDate id="1B2FE9B750599B6BFF544AA2DE33F808" box="[238,368,1957,1981]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" value="2014-08">August 2014</collectingDate>
|
||||
</date>
|
||||
yielded
|
||||
<specimenCount id="69D3FD1650599B6BFE714AA2DEBDF809" box="[459,510,1957,1981]" count="42" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" type="generic">
|
||||
42
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8D54D1C50599B6BFE514AA2DEBDF809" box="[491,510,1957,1980]" class="Insecta" family="Cercopidae" genus="Prosapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ignipectus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4DA1EA8D50599B6BFE514AA2DEBDF809" box="[491,510,1957,1980]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">P.</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</specimenCount>
|
||||
ignipectus specimens, all black.
|
||||
<collectingMunicipality id="9F0EACE550599B6BFCC14803DB71FAA9" box="[891,1074,1284,1309]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">The Staten Island</collectingMunicipality>
|
||||
site appears to have been obliterated by residential development.
|
||||
<location id="7A0A604450599B6BFBDC4824DBF1FA8E" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F77C8789505F9B69FC8D4EB6DFB3FC86:7A0A604450599B6BFBDC4824DBF1FA8E" box="[1126,1202,1315,1339]" county="Staten Island" municipality="The Staten Island" name="Several" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" stateProvince="New Jersey">Several</location>
|
||||
other AMNH historical collections from northern
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="BD11F87D50599B6BFBEF4845DB8FFAEF" box="[1109,1228,1346,1370]" country="United States of America" name="New Jersey" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">New Jersey</collectingRegion>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<collectorName id="D220534950599B6BFAB94845DAF7FAEC" box="[1283,1460,1345,1370]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
<location id="7A0A604450599B6BFAB94845DAC7FAEC" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F77C8789505F9B69FC8D4EB6DFB3FC86:7A0A604450599B6BFAB94845DAC7FAEC" box="[1283,1412,1345,1370]" county="Staten Island" municipality="The Staten Island" name="Long Island" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" stateProvince="New Jersey">Long Island</location>
|
||||
, NY
|
||||
</collectorName>
|
||||
, consist entirely of specimens of the black color form.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7F6A369F50599B6BFCE54879DB60F956" blockId="4.[823,1465,1284,1763]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
In 1993–2000 James Bess collected short series of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8D54D1C50599B6BFA1C4878DCDCFA01" class="Insecta" family="Cercopidae" genus="Prosapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ignipectus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4DA1EA8D50599B6BFA1C4878DCDCFA01" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">P. ignipectus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
specimens, some lined and some black, from Little Bluestem in fens near the Michigan-Indiana border, close to what appears to be the boundary between the
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8D54D1C50599B6BFA8F48DEDAFBFA45" box="[1333,1464,1497,1520]" class="Insecta" family="Cercopidae" genus="Prosapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ignipectus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4DA1EA8D50599B6BFA8F48DEDAFBFA45" box="[1333,1464,1497,1520]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">P. ignipectus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8D54D1C50599B6BFCDC48FFDC93F9BA" baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1830" box="[870,976,1527,1551]" class="Insecta" family="Cercopidae" genus="Prosapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="bicincta">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4DA1EA8D50599B6BFCDC48FFDC93F9BA" box="[870,976,1527,1551]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">P. bicincta</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
distributions in the central Midwest (see [
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="1B444B6E50599B6BFA2848F0DAF3F9BA" author="D. A. Landis & A. K. Fiedler & C. A. Hamm" box="[1426,1456,1527,1551]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="131 - 142" refId="ref7624" refString="[26] D. A. Landis, A. K. Fiedler, C. A. Hamm et al., " Insect conservation in Michigan prairie fen: addressing the challenge of global change, " Journal of Insect Conservation, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 131-142, 2012." type="journal article" year="2012">26</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
] for background on the habitats and insect associations). At Liberty Fen in Jackson Co., MI, Bess collected a lined male and a black male. At Sawmill Fen in LaGrange Co., IN, he collected a lined male and a black female. At Indian Bowl Fen and nearby in Berrien Co., MI, he collected a lined male and a black male. At Brant Road Fen in Oakland Co., MI, he collected a lined male.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7F6A369F50599B69FC8D4A0ADDDDFF48" blockId="4.[823,1464,1805,1980]" lastBlockId="6.[135,776,198,819]" lastPageId="6" lastPageNumber="7" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4DA1EA8D50599B6BFC8D4A0ADA30F890" box="[823,1395,1805,1829]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">3.5. Additional Natural History Observations.</emphasis>
|
||||
Little Bluestem, a grass of nutrient-deficient soils, is an attractive host for spittlebugs, probably because it exhibits associative nitrogen-fixation [
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="1B444B6E50599B6BFBBA4A6FDB5FF835" author="V. Thompson" box="[1024,1052,1896,1920]" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" pagination="189 - 200" refId="ref7169" refString="[17] V. Thompson, " Associative nitrogen fixation, C 4 photosynthesis, and the evolution of spittlebugs (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) as major pests of Neotropical sugarcane and forage grasses, " Bulletin of Entomological Research, vol. 94, no. 3, pp. 189-200, 2004." type="journal article" year="2004">17</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
]. During our sampling we searched for and found
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8D54D1C50599B6BFC5E4A80DBF0F82B" box="[996,1203,1927,1950]" class="Insecta" family="Cercopidae" genus="Prosapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="4" pageNumber="5" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ignipectus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4DA1EA8D50599B6BFC5E4A80DBF0F82B" box="[996,1203,1927,1950]" italics="true" pageId="4" pageNumber="5">Prosapia ignipectus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
nymphs living slightly below ground level in Little Bluestem clumps, confirming speculation by Morse [
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="1B444B6E505B9B69FEC44DC1DEDBFF6B" author="A. P. Morse" box="[382,408,198,222]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="27 - 28" refId="ref7227" refString="[18] A. P. Morse, " Monecphora bicincta (Say) in New England, " Psyche, vol. 28, no. 1, pp. 27-28, 1921." type="journal article" year="1921">18</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
] and Boring [
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="1B444B6E505B9B69FD8B4DC1DD0FFF6B" author="A. M. Boring" box="[561,588,198,222]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="89 - 92" refId="ref7265" refString="[19] A. M. Boring, " The varieties of Monecphora bicincta from the point of view of a cytologist, " Psyche, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 89-92, 1923." type="journal article" year="1923">19</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
] and a statement by Hamilton [
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="1B444B6E505B9B69FEA34DE2DE77FF48" author="K. G. A. Hamilton" box="[281,308,229,253]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1740" refId="ref7120" refString="[16] K. G. A. Hamilton, " Spittlebugs of Canada, " in The Insects and Arachnids of Canada, vol. 10 of Part 10. Publication no. 1740, Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Canada, 1982." type="book chapter" year="1982">16</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
] that the nymphs are root feeders.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="2BAA661750589B6AFFC44F2ADE21FDD5" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15398864" ID-Table-UUID="2BAA661750589B6AFFC44F2ADE21FDD5" ID-Zenodo-Dep="15398864" httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/2BAA661750589B6AFFC44F2ADE21FDD5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" startId="5.[126,187,557,580]" targetBox="[132,1906,628,1573]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="5" targetType="table">
|
||||
<paragraph id="7F6A369F50589B6AFFC44F2ADE21FDD5" blockId="5.[126,1912,557,608]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
TABLE 1:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8D54D1C50589B6AFF6E4F2ADECBFDF1" box="[212,392,557,580]" class="Insecta" family="Cercopidae" genus="Prosapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ignipectus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4DA1EA8D50589B6AFF6E4F2ADECBFDF1" box="[212,392,557,580]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Prosapia ignipectus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
collections in Maine, September 2003–August 2012. All specimens were swept from patches of Little Bluestem (
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8D54D1C50589B6AFA084F2AD847FDF1" authority="(Michx.))" baseAuthorityName="Michx." box="[1458,1796,557,580]" class="Liliopsida" family="Poaceae" genus="Schizachyrium" kingdom="Plantae" order="Poales" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" phylum="Tracheophyta" rank="species" species="scoparium">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4DA1EA8D50589B6AFA084F2AD9E0FDF1" box="[1458,1699,557,580]" italics="true" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Schizachyrium scoparium</emphasis>
|
||||
(Michx.))
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
growing on or near roadside verges.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7F6A369F50589B6AFF3E4F73D868F990" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<table id="0DD5C43F50586490FF3E4F73D831F990" box="[132,1906,628,1573]" gridcols="11" gridrows="34" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<tr id="C1E534DD50586490FF3E4F73D831FD3E" box="[132,1906,628,651]" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<th id="82345DA150586490FF3E4F73DFB9FD3E" box="[132,250,628,651]" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Date</th>
|
||||
<th id="82345DA150586490FEB74F73DD87FD3E" box="[269,708,628,651]" gridcol="1" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Abbreviated locality designation</th>
|
||||
<th id="82345DA150586490FD584F73DC79FD3E" box="[738,826,628,651]" gridcol="2" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">County</th>
|
||||
<th id="82345DA150586490FCE24F73DC85FD3E" box="[856,966,628,651]" gridcol="3" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Latitude N</th>
|
||||
<th id="82345DA150586490FC5E4F73DB21FD3E" box="[996,1122,628,651]" gridcol="4" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Longitude W</th>
|
||||
<th id="82345DA150586490FB3A4F73DB89FD3E" box="[1152,1226,628,651]" gridcol="5" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Black D</th>
|
||||
<th id="82345DA150586490FB5D4F73DA6CFD3E" box="[1255,1327,628,651]" gridcol="6" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Black C</th>
|
||||
<th id="82345DA150586490FAF74F73DAD9FD3E" box="[1357,1434,628,651]" gridcol="7" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Lined D</th>
|
||||
<th id="82345DA150586490FA0D4F73D941FD3E" box="[1463,1538,628,651]" gridcol="8" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Lined C</th>
|
||||
<th id="82345DA150586490F99A4F73D9F8FD3E" box="[1568,1723,628,651]" gridcol="9" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Partially lined D</th>
|
||||
<th id="82345DA150586490F9634F73D831FD3E" box="[1753,1906,628,651]" gridcol="10" gridrow="0" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Partially lined C</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="C1E534DD50586490FF3E4F96D831FD1D" box="[132,1906,657,680]" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||||
<th id="82345DA150586490FF3E4F96DFB9FD1D" box="[132,250,657,680]" gridcol="0" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">10-ix-2003</th>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FEB74F96DD87FD1D" box="[269,708,657,680]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Rte. 201A 6.5 km N. of Norridgewock</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FD584F96DC79FD1D" box="[738,826,657,680]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Somerset</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FCE24F96DC85FD1D" box="[856,966,657,680]" gridcol="3" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">44 44 54.72</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FC5E4F96DB21FD1D" box="[996,1122,657,680]" gridcol="4" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">69 50 07.67</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FA0D4F96D941FD1D" box="[1463,1538,657,680]" gridcol="8" gridrow="1" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">11</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="C1E534DD50586490FF3E4FABD831FD76" box="[132,1906,684,707]" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||||
<th id="82345DA150586490FF3E4FABDFB9FD76" box="[132,250,684,707]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">09-viii-2004</th>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FEB74FABDD87FD76" box="[269,708,684,707]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Rte. 201A 6.5 km N. of Norridgewock</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FD584FABDC79FD76" box="[738,826,684,707]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Somerset</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FCE24FABDC85FD76" box="[856,966,684,707]" gridcol="3" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">44 44 54.72</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FC5E4FABDB21FD76" box="[996,1122,684,707]" gridcol="4" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">69 50 07.67</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FAF74FABDAD9FD76" box="[1357,1434,684,707]" gridcol="7" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">29</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FA0D4FABD941FD76" box="[1463,1538,684,707]" gridcol="8" gridrow="2" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">45</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="C1E534DD50586490FF3E4FCFD831FD6A" box="[132,1906,712,735]" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||||
<th id="82345DA150586490FF3E4FCFDFB9FD6A" box="[132,250,712,735]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">09-viii-2004</th>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FEB74FCFDD87FD6A" box="[269,708,712,735]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Rte. 16 1 km SE of North New Portland</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FD584FCFDC79FD6A" box="[738,826,712,735]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Somerset</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FCE24FCFDC85FD6A" box="[856,966,712,735]" gridcol="3" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">44 54 57.37</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FC5E4FCFDB21FD6A" box="[996,1122,712,735]" gridcol="4" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">70 00 30.33</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FAF74FCFDAD9FD6A" box="[1357,1434,712,735]" gridcol="7" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">9</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FA0D4FCFD941FD6A" box="[1463,1538,712,735]" gridcol="8" gridrow="3" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">42</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="C1E534DD50586490FF3E4FE3D831FD4E" box="[132,1906,740,763]" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||||
<th id="82345DA150586490FF3E4FE3DFB9FD4E" box="[132,250,740,763]" gridcol="0" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">09-viii-2004</th>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FEB74FE3DD87FD4E" box="[269,708,740,763]" gridcol="1" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Rte. 27 1 km SE of New Portland</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FD584FE3DC79FD4E" box="[738,826,740,763]" gridcol="2" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Somerset</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FCE24FE3DC85FD4E" box="[856,966,740,763]" gridcol="3" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">44 52 32.54</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FC5E4FE3DB21FD4E" box="[996,1122,740,763]" gridcol="4" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">70 06 48.90</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FAF74FE3DAD9FD4E" box="[1357,1434,740,763]" gridcol="7" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">2</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FA0D4FE3D941FD4E" box="[1463,1538,740,763]" gridcol="8" gridrow="4" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="C1E534DD50586490FF3E4E07D831FCA2" box="[132,1906,768,791]" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||||
<th id="82345DA150586490FF3E4E07DFB9FCA2" box="[132,250,768,791]" gridcol="0" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">10-ix-2003</th>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FEB74E07DD87FCA2" box="[269,708,768,791]" gridcol="1" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">US 202 between Solon & Bingham</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FD584E07DC79FCA2" box="[738,826,768,791]" gridcol="2" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Somerset</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FCE24E07DC85FCA2" box="[856,966,768,791]" gridcol="3" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">44 59 00.16</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FC5E4E07DB21FCA2" box="[996,1122,768,791]" gridcol="4" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">69 52 01.34</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FA0D4E07D941FCA2" box="[1463,1538,768,791]" gridcol="8" gridrow="5" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">5</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="C1E534DD50586490FF3E4E1BD831FC86" box="[132,1906,796,819]" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||||
<th id="82345DA150586490FF3E4E1BDFB9FC86" box="[132,250,796,819]" gridcol="0" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">09-viii-2004</th>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FEB74E1BDD87FC86" box="[269,708,796,819]" gridcol="1" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">US 202 between Solon & Bingham</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FD584E1BDC79FC86" box="[738,826,796,819]" gridcol="2" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Somerset</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FCE24E1BDC85FC86" box="[856,966,796,819]" gridcol="3" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">44 59 00.16</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FC5E4E1BDB21FC86" box="[996,1122,796,819]" gridcol="4" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">69 52 01.34</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FAF74E1BDAD9FC86" box="[1357,1434,796,819]" gridcol="7" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">31</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FA0D4E1BD941FC86" box="[1463,1538,796,819]" gridcol="8" gridrow="6" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">15</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="C1E534DD50586490FF3E4E3FD831FCFA" box="[132,1906,824,847]" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||||
<th id="82345DA150586490FF3E4E3FDFB9FCFA" box="[132,250,824,847]" gridcol="0" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">16-viii-2006</th>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FEB74E3FDD87FCFA" box="[269,708,824,847]" gridcol="1" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">US 202 between Solon & Bingham</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FD584E3FDC79FCFA" box="[738,826,824,847]" gridcol="2" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Somerset</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FCE24E3FDC85FCFA" box="[856,966,824,847]" gridcol="3" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">44 59 00.16</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FC5E4E3FDB21FCFA" box="[996,1122,824,847]" gridcol="4" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">69 52 01.34</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FAF74E3FDAD9FCFA" box="[1357,1434,824,847]" gridcol="7" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">2</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FA0D4E3FD941FCFA" box="[1463,1538,824,847]" gridcol="8" gridrow="7" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">10</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="C1E534DD50586490FF3E4E53D831FCDE" box="[132,1906,852,875]" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||||
<th id="82345DA150586490FF3E4E53DFB9FCDE" box="[132,250,852,875]" gridcol="0" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">28-vii-2012</th>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FEB74E53DD87FCDE" box="[269,708,852,875]" gridcol="1" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">US 2 & Old Jay Street, Wilton</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FD584E53DC79FCDE" box="[738,826,852,875]" gridcol="2" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Franklin</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FCE24E53DC85FCDE" box="[856,966,852,875]" gridcol="3" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">44 35 00.34</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FC5E4E53DB21FCDE" box="[996,1122,852,875]" gridcol="4" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">70 14 07.21</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FB3A4E53DB89FCDE" box="[1152,1226,852,875]" gridcol="5" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">8</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FB5D4E53DA6CFCDE" box="[1255,1327,852,875]" gridcol="6" gridrow="8" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">10</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="C1E534DD50586490FF3E4E77D831FC32" box="[132,1906,880,903]" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1">
|
||||
<th id="82345DA150586490FF3E4E77DFB9FC32" box="[132,250,880,903]" gridcol="0" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">09-viii-2004</th>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FEB74E77DD87FC32" box="[269,708,880,903]" gridcol="1" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Rte. 27 & Lowell Drive, New Vineyard</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FD584E77DC79FC32" box="[738,826,880,903]" gridcol="2" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Franklin</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FCE24E77DC85FC32" box="[856,966,880,903]" gridcol="3" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">44 45 05.44</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FC5E4E77DB21FC32" box="[996,1122,880,903]" gridcol="4" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">70 08 05.42</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FB3A4E77DB89FC32" box="[1152,1226,880,903]" gridcol="5" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">45</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FB5D4E77DA6CFC32" box="[1255,1327,880,903]" gridcol="6" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">62</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490F99A4E77D9F8FC32" box="[1568,1723,880,903]" gridcol="9" gridrow="9" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">1</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="C1E534DD50586490FF3E4E8BD831FC16" box="[132,1906,908,931]" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||||
<th id="82345DA150586490FF3E4E8BDFB9FC16" box="[132,250,908,931]" gridcol="0" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">28-vii-2012</th>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FEB74E8BDD87FC16" box="[269,708,908,931]" gridcol="1" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Rte. 27 & Lowell Drive, New Vineyard</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FD584E8BDC79FC16" box="[738,826,908,931]" gridcol="2" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Franklin</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FCE24E8BDC85FC16" box="[856,966,908,931]" gridcol="3" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">44 45 05.44</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FC5E4E8BDB21FC16" box="[996,1122,908,931]" gridcol="4" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">70 08 05.42</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FB3A4E8BDB89FC16" box="[1152,1226,908,931]" gridcol="5" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FB5D4E8BDA6CFC16" box="[1255,1327,908,931]" gridcol="6" gridrow="10" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">1</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="C1E534DD50586490FF3E4EA0D831FC0B" box="[132,1906,935,958]" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||||
<th id="82345DA150586490FF3E4EA0DFB9FC0B" box="[132,250,935,958]" gridcol="0" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">28-vii-2012</th>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FEB74EA0DD87FC0B" box="[269,708,935,958]" gridcol="1" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Rte. 27 & Basin Road S. of New Vineyard</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FD584EA0DC79FC0B" box="[738,826,935,958]" gridcol="2" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Franklin</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FCE24EA0DC85FC0B" box="[856,966,935,958]" gridcol="3" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">44 46 23.59</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FC5E4EA0DB21FC0B" box="[996,1122,935,958]" gridcol="4" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">70 07 42.33</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FB3A4EA0DB89FC0B" box="[1152,1226,935,958]" gridcol="5" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">1</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FB5D4EA0DA6CFC0B" box="[1255,1327,935,958]" gridcol="6" gridrow="11" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">1</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="C1E534DD50586490FF3E4EC4D831FC6F" box="[132,1906,963,986]" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||||
<th id="82345DA150586490FF3E4EC4DFB9FC6F" box="[132,250,963,986]" gridcol="0" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">28-vii-2012</th>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FEB74EC4DD87FC6F" box="[269,708,963,986]" gridcol="1" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Rte. 16 1 km W. of North Anson</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FD584EC4DC79FC6F" box="[738,826,963,986]" gridcol="2" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Somerset</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FCE24EC4DC85FC6F" box="[856,966,963,986]" gridcol="3" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">44 51 42.31</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FC5E4EC4DB21FC6F" box="[996,1122,963,986]" gridcol="4" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">69 55 43.65</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FAF74EC4DAD9FC6F" box="[1357,1434,963,986]" gridcol="7" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">2</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FA0D4EC4D941FC6F" box="[1463,1538,963,986]" gridcol="8" gridrow="12" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">4</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="C1E534DD50586490FF3E4ED8D831FC43" box="[132,1906,991,1014]" gridrow="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||||
<th id="82345DA150586490FF3E4ED8DFB9FC43" box="[132,250,991,1014]" gridcol="0" gridrow="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">09-viii-2004</th>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FEB74ED8DD87FC43" box="[269,708,991,1014]" gridcol="1" gridrow="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Rte. 16 2 km W. of North Anson</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FD584ED8DC79FC43" box="[738,826,991,1014]" gridcol="2" gridrow="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Somerset</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FCE24ED8DC85FC43" box="[856,966,991,1014]" gridcol="3" gridrow="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">44 52 01.30</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FC5E4ED8DB21FC43" box="[996,1122,991,1014]" gridcol="4" gridrow="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">69 56 24.47</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FAF74ED8DAD9FC43" box="[1357,1434,991,1014]" gridcol="7" gridrow="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">1</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FA0D4ED8D941FC43" box="[1463,1538,991,1014]" gridcol="8" gridrow="13" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">5</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="C1E534DD50586490FF3E4EFCD831FBA7" box="[132,1906,1019,1042]" gridrow="14" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||||
<th id="82345DA150586490FF3E4EFCDFB9FBA7" box="[132,250,1019,1042]" gridcol="0" gridrow="14" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">28-vii-2012</th>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FEB74EFCDD87FBA7" box="[269,708,1019,1042]" gridcol="1" gridrow="14" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Rte. 16 & Wentworth Road</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FD584EFCDC79FBA7" box="[738,826,1019,1042]" gridcol="2" gridrow="14" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Somerset</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FCE24EFCDC85FBA7" box="[856,966,1019,1042]" gridcol="3" gridrow="14" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">44 52 51.67</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FC5E4EFCDB21FBA7" box="[996,1122,1019,1042]" gridcol="4" gridrow="14" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">69 58 10.10</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FAF74EFCDAD9FBA7" box="[1357,1434,1019,1042]" gridcol="7" gridrow="14" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">4</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FA0D4EFCD941FBA7" box="[1463,1538,1019,1042]" gridcol="8" gridrow="14" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">17</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="C1E534DD50586490FF3E4910D831FB9B" box="[132,1906,1047,1070]" gridrow="15" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||||
<th id="82345DA150586490FF3E4910DFB9FB9B" box="[132,250,1047,1070]" gridcol="0" gridrow="15" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">28-vii-2012</th>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FEB74910DD87FB9B" box="[269,708,1047,1070]" gridcol="1" gridrow="15" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Long Fall Dam Road 2 km N. of Sandy Stream</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FD584910DC79FB9B" box="[738,826,1047,1070]" gridcol="2" gridrow="15" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Somerset</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FCE24910DC85FB9B" box="[856,966,1047,1070]" gridcol="3" gridrow="15" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">44 59 25.20</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FC5E4910DB21FB9B" box="[996,1122,1047,1070]" gridcol="4" gridrow="15" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">70 03 05.35</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FAF74910DAD9FB9B" box="[1357,1434,1047,1070]" gridcol="7" gridrow="15" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">19</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FA0D4910D941FB9B" box="[1463,1538,1047,1070]" gridcol="8" gridrow="15" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">17</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="C1E534DD50586490FF3E4934D831FBFF" box="[132,1906,1075,1098]" gridrow="16" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||||
<th id="82345DA150586490FF3E4934DFB9FBFF" box="[132,250,1075,1098]" gridcol="0" gridrow="16" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">28-vii-2012</th>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FEB74934DD87FBFF" box="[269,708,1075,1098]" gridcol="1" gridrow="16" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Long Fall Dam Road & Old County Road</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FD584934DC79FBFF" box="[738,826,1075,1098]" gridcol="2" gridrow="16" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Somerset</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FCE24934DC85FBFF" box="[856,966,1075,1098]" gridcol="3" gridrow="16" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">45 02 05.12</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FC5E4934DB21FBFF" box="[996,1122,1075,1098]" gridcol="4" gridrow="16" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">70 03 55.19</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FAF74934DAD9FBFF" box="[1357,1434,1075,1098]" gridcol="7" gridrow="16" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">4</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="C1E534DD50586490FF3E4948D831FBD3" box="[132,1906,1103,1126]" gridrow="17" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||||
<th id="82345DA150586490FF3E4948DFB9FBD3" box="[132,250,1103,1126]" gridcol="0" gridrow="17" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">28-vii-2012</th>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FEB74948DD87FBD3" box="[269,708,1103,1126]" gridcol="1" gridrow="17" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Rte. 16 & 27 & Carriage Road, Carrabassett</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FD584948DC79FBD3" box="[738,826,1103,1126]" gridcol="2" gridrow="17" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Franklin</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FCE24948DC85FBD3" box="[856,966,1103,1126]" gridcol="3" gridrow="17" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">45 04 31.88</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FC5E4948DB21FBD3" box="[996,1122,1103,1126]" gridcol="4" gridrow="17" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">70 12 41.95</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FAF74948DAD9FBD3" box="[1357,1434,1103,1126]" gridcol="7" gridrow="17" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">15</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FA0D4948D941FBD3" box="[1463,1538,1103,1126]" gridcol="8" gridrow="17" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">19</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="C1E534DD50586490FF3E496CD831FB37" box="[132,1906,1131,1154]" gridrow="18" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||||
<th id="82345DA150586490FF3E496CDFB9FB37" box="[132,250,1131,1154]" gridcol="0" gridrow="18" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">30-vii-2012</th>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FEB7496CDD87FB37" box="[269,708,1131,1154]" gridcol="1" gridrow="18" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">US 2 W. of Bethel</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FD58496CDC79FB37" box="[738,826,1131,1154]" gridcol="2" gridrow="18" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Oxford</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FCE2496CDC85FB37" box="[856,966,1131,1154]" gridcol="3" gridrow="18" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">44 24 03.17</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FC5E496CDB21FB37" box="[996,1122,1131,1154]" gridcol="4" gridrow="18" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">70 51 59.98</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FB3A496CDB89FB37" box="[1152,1226,1131,1154]" gridcol="5" gridrow="18" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">7</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FB5D496CDA6CFB37" box="[1255,1327,1131,1154]" gridcol="6" gridrow="18" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">2</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="C1E534DD50586490FF3E4980D831FB2B" box="[132,1906,1159,1182]" gridrow="19" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||||
<th id="82345DA150586490FF3E4980DFB9FB2B" box="[132,250,1159,1182]" gridcol="0" gridrow="19" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">30-vii-2012</th>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FEB74980DD87FB2B" box="[269,708,1159,1182]" gridcol="1" gridrow="19" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Rte. 232 between Woodstock & Hanover</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FD584980DC79FB2B" box="[738,826,1159,1182]" gridcol="2" gridrow="19" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Oxford</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FCE24980DC85FB2B" box="[856,966,1159,1182]" gridcol="3" gridrow="19" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">44 26 11.71</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FC5E4980DB21FB2B" box="[996,1122,1159,1182]" gridcol="4" gridrow="19" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">70 39 16.17</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FB3A4980DB89FB2B" box="[1152,1226,1159,1182]" gridcol="5" gridrow="19" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">1</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FB5D4980DA6CFB2B" box="[1255,1327,1159,1182]" gridcol="6" gridrow="19" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">2</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="C1E534DD50586490FF3E49A5D831FB0C" box="[132,1906,1186,1209]" gridrow="20" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||||
<th id="82345DA150586490FF3E49A5DFB9FB0C" box="[132,250,1186,1209]" gridcol="0" gridrow="20" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">30-vii-2012</th>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FEB749A5DD87FB0C" box="[269,708,1186,1209]" gridcol="1" gridrow="20" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">US 2 between Bethel & Newry</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FD5849A5DC79FB0C" box="[738,826,1186,1209]" gridcol="2" gridrow="20" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Oxford</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FCE249A5DC85FB0C" box="[856,966,1186,1209]" gridcol="3" gridrow="20" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">44 27 57.07</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FC5E49A5DB21FB0C" box="[996,1122,1186,1209]" gridcol="4" gridrow="20" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">70 48 02.33</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FB3A49A5DB89FB0C" box="[1152,1226,1186,1209]" gridcol="5" gridrow="20" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">5</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FB5D49A5DA6CFB0C" box="[1255,1327,1186,1209]" gridcol="6" gridrow="20" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="C1E534DD50586490FF3E49B9D831FB60" box="[132,1906,1214,1237]" gridrow="21" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||||
<th id="82345DA150586490FF3E49B9DFB9FB60" box="[132,250,1214,1237]" gridcol="0" gridrow="21" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">30-vii-2012</th>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FEB749B9DD87FB60" box="[269,708,1214,1237]" gridcol="1" gridrow="21" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">US 2 between Newry & Hanover</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FD5849B9DC79FB60" box="[738,826,1214,1237]" gridcol="2" gridrow="21" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Oxford</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FCE249B9DC85FB60" box="[856,966,1214,1237]" gridcol="3" gridrow="21" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">44 29 04.92</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FC5E49B9DB21FB60" box="[996,1122,1214,1237]" gridcol="4" gridrow="21" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">70 43 54.22</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FB3A49B9DB89FB60" box="[1152,1226,1214,1237]" gridcol="5" gridrow="21" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">1</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FB5D49B9DA6CFB60" box="[1255,1327,1214,1237]" gridcol="6" gridrow="21" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">1</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="C1E534DD50586490FF3E49DDD831FB44" box="[132,1906,1242,1265]" gridrow="22" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<th id="82345DA150586490FF3E49DDDFB9FB44" box="[132,250,1242,1265]" gridcol="0" gridrow="22" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">30-vii-2012</th>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FEB749DDDD87FB44" box="[269,708,1242,1265]" gridcol="1" gridrow="22" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">US 2 & Dragoons Road, Rumford</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FD5849DDDC79FB44" box="[738,826,1242,1265]" gridcol="2" gridrow="22" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Oxford</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FCE249DDDC85FB44" box="[856,966,1242,1265]" gridcol="3" gridrow="22" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">44 31 00.39</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FC5E49DDDB21FB44" box="[996,1122,1242,1265]" gridcol="4" gridrow="22" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">70.33 36.73</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FB3A49DDDB89FB44" box="[1152,1226,1242,1265]" gridcol="5" gridrow="22" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">4</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FB5D49DDDA6CFB44" box="[1255,1327,1242,1265]" gridcol="6" gridrow="22" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">4</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FAF749DDDAD9FB44" box="[1357,1434,1242,1265]" gridcol="7" gridrow="22" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FA0D49DDD941FB44" box="[1463,1538,1242,1265]" gridcol="8" gridrow="22" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">2</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490F99A49DDD9F8FB44" box="[1568,1723,1242,1265]" gridcol="9" gridrow="22" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">2</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490F96349DDD831FB44" box="[1753,1906,1242,1265]" gridcol="10" gridrow="22" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">2</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="C1E534DD50586490FF3E49F1D831FAB8" box="[132,1906,1270,1293]" gridrow="23" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||||
<th id="82345DA150586490FF3E49F1DFB9FAB8" box="[132,250,1270,1293]" gridcol="0" gridrow="23" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">30-vii-2012</th>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FEB749F1DD87FAB8" box="[269,708,1270,1293]" gridcol="1" gridrow="23" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">US 2 near Dixfield</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FD5849F1DC79FAB8" box="[738,826,1270,1293]" gridcol="2" gridrow="23" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Oxford</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FCE249F1DC85FAB8" box="[856,966,1270,1293]" gridcol="3" gridrow="23" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">44 31 52.17</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FC5E49F1DB21FAB8" box="[996,1122,1270,1293]" gridcol="4" gridrow="23" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">70 29 03.67</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FB3A49F1DB89FAB8" box="[1152,1226,1270,1293]" gridcol="5" gridrow="23" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">1</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FB5D49F1DA6CFAB8" box="[1255,1327,1270,1293]" gridcol="6" gridrow="23" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">2</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="C1E534DD50586490FF3E4815D831FA9C" box="[132,1906,1298,1321]" gridrow="24" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-9="1">
|
||||
<th id="82345DA150586490FF3E4815DFB9FA9C" box="[132,250,1298,1321]" gridcol="0" gridrow="24" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">30-vii-2012</th>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FEB74815DD87FA9C" box="[269,708,1298,1321]" gridcol="1" gridrow="24" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">South Rumford Road, South Rumford</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FD584815DC79FA9C" box="[738,826,1298,1321]" gridcol="2" gridrow="24" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Oxford</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FCE24815DC85FA9C" box="[856,966,1298,1321]" gridcol="3" gridrow="24" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">44 32 03.43</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FC5E4815DB21FA9C" box="[996,1122,1298,1321]" gridcol="4" gridrow="24" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">70 36 26.13</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FB3A4815DB89FA9C" box="[1152,1226,1298,1321]" gridcol="5" gridrow="24" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">1</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FB5D4815DA6CFA9C" box="[1255,1327,1298,1321]" gridcol="6" gridrow="24" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">1</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FAF74815DAD9FA9C" box="[1357,1434,1298,1321]" gridcol="7" gridrow="24" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">1</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FA0D4815D941FA9C" box="[1463,1538,1298,1321]" gridcol="8" gridrow="24" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">1</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490F9634815D831FA9C" box="[1753,1906,1298,1321]" gridcol="10" gridrow="24" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">1</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="C1E534DD50586490FF3E4829D831FAF0" box="[132,1906,1326,1349]" gridrow="25" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||||
<th id="82345DA150586490FF3E4829DFB9FAF0" box="[132,250,1326,1349]" gridcol="0" gridrow="25" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">30-vii-2012</th>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FEB74829DD87FAF0" box="[269,708,1326,1349]" gridcol="1" gridrow="25" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Rte. 17 N. of Mexico</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FD584829DC79FAF0" box="[738,826,1326,1349]" gridcol="2" gridrow="25" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Oxford</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FCE24829DC85FAF0" box="[856,966,1326,1349]" gridcol="3" gridrow="25" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">44 35 27.50</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FC5E4829DB21FAF0" box="[996,1122,1326,1349]" gridcol="4" gridrow="25" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">70 33 41.72</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FB3A4829DB89FAF0" box="[1152,1226,1326,1349]" gridcol="5" gridrow="25" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">6</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FB5D4829DA6CFAF0" box="[1255,1327,1326,1349]" gridcol="6" gridrow="25" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">1</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="C1E534DD50586490FF3E484DD831FAD4" box="[132,1906,1354,1377]" gridrow="26" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||||
<th id="82345DA150586490FF3E484DDFB9FAD4" box="[132,250,1354,1377]" gridcol="0" gridrow="26" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">30-vii-2012</th>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FEB7484DDD87FAD4" box="[269,708,1354,1377]" gridcol="1" gridrow="26" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">US 2 W. of East Wilton</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FD58484DDC79FAD4" box="[738,826,1354,1377]" gridcol="2" gridrow="26" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Franklin</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FCE2484DDC85FAD4" box="[856,966,1354,1377]" gridcol="3" gridrow="26" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">44 36 21.79</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FC5E484DDB21FAD4" box="[996,1122,1354,1377]" gridcol="4" gridrow="26" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">70 12 09.12</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FB3A484DDB89FAD4" box="[1152,1226,1354,1377]" gridcol="5" gridrow="26" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">2</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FB5D484DDA6CFAD4" box="[1255,1327,1354,1377]" gridcol="6" gridrow="26" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">2</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="C1E534DD50586490FF3E4861D831FAC8" box="[132,1906,1382,1405]" gridrow="27" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||||
<th id="82345DA150586490FF3E4861DFB9FAC8" box="[132,250,1382,1405]" gridcol="0" gridrow="27" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">30-vii-2012</th>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FEB74861DD87FAC8" box="[269,708,1382,1405]" gridcol="1" gridrow="27" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Rte. 148 2 km W. of Rte. 43, Industry</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FD584861DC79FAC8" box="[738,826,1382,1405]" gridcol="2" gridrow="27" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Somerset</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FCE24861DC85FAC8" box="[856,966,1382,1405]" gridcol="3" gridrow="27" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">44 46 09.82</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FC5E4861DB21FAC8" box="[996,1122,1382,1405]" gridcol="4" gridrow="27" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">69 58 04.42</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FAF74861DAD9FAC8" box="[1357,1434,1382,1405]" gridcol="7" gridrow="27" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">10</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FA0D4861D941FAC8" box="[1463,1538,1382,1405]" gridcol="8" gridrow="27" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">2</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="C1E534DD50586490FF3E4885D831FA2C" box="[132,1906,1410,1433]" gridrow="28" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-5="1" rowspan-6="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||||
<th id="82345DA150586490FF3E4885DFB9FA2C" box="[132,250,1410,1433]" gridcol="0" gridrow="28" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">30-vii-2012</th>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FEB74885DD87FA2C" box="[269,708,1410,1433]" gridcol="1" gridrow="28" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Rte. 234 near Town Farm Road</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FD584885DC79FA2C" box="[738,826,1410,1433]" gridcol="2" gridrow="28" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Somerset</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FCE24885DC85FA2C" box="[856,966,1410,1433]" gridcol="3" gridrow="28" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">44 51 26.96</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FC5E4885DB21FA2C" box="[996,1122,1410,1433]" gridcol="4" gridrow="28" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">69 55 59.06</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FAF74885DAD9FA2C" box="[1357,1434,1410,1433]" gridcol="7" gridrow="28" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">4</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FA0D4885D941FA2C" box="[1463,1538,1410,1433]" gridcol="8" gridrow="28" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">8</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="C1E534DD50586490FF3E489AD831FA01" box="[132,1906,1437,1460]" gridrow="29" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||||
<th id="82345DA150586490FF3E489ADFB9FA01" box="[132,250,1437,1460]" gridcol="0" gridrow="29" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">13-viii-2012</th>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FEB7489ADD87FA01" box="[269,708,1437,1460]" gridcol="1" gridrow="29" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Milton Rd. & Waite Road</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FD58489ADC79FA01" box="[738,826,1437,1460]" gridcol="2" gridrow="29" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Oxford</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FCE2489ADC85FA01" box="[856,966,1437,1460]" gridcol="3" gridrow="29" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">44 27 16.92</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FC5E489ADB21FA01" box="[996,1122,1437,1460]" gridcol="4" gridrow="29" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">70 35 56.56</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FB3A489ADB89FA01" box="[1152,1226,1437,1460]" gridcol="5" gridrow="29" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">1</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FB5D489ADA6CFA01" box="[1255,1327,1437,1460]" gridcol="6" gridrow="29" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">4</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="C1E534DD50586490FF3E48BED831FA65" box="[132,1906,1465,1488]" gridrow="30" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||||
<th id="82345DA150586490FF3E48BEDFB9FA65" box="[132,250,1465,1488]" gridcol="0" gridrow="30" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">13-viii-2012</th>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FEB748BEDD87FA65" box="[269,708,1465,1488]" gridcol="1" gridrow="30" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Near intersect Skyway & Sunday River Roads</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FD5848BEDC79FA65" box="[738,826,1465,1488]" gridcol="2" gridrow="30" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Oxford</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FCE248BEDC85FA65" box="[856,966,1465,1488]" gridcol="3" gridrow="30" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">44 28 16.10</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FC5E48BEDB21FA65" box="[996,1122,1465,1488]" gridcol="4" gridrow="30" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">70 50 26.78</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FB3A48BEDB89FA65" box="[1152,1226,1465,1488]" gridcol="5" gridrow="30" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">9</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FB5D48BEDA6CFA65" box="[1255,1327,1465,1488]" gridcol="6" gridrow="30" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">6</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="C1E534DD50586490FF3E48D2D831FA59" box="[132,1906,1493,1516]" gridrow="31" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-10="1" rowspan-7="1" rowspan-8="1" rowspan-9="1">
|
||||
<th id="82345DA150586490FF3E48D2DFB9FA59" box="[132,250,1493,1516]" gridcol="0" gridrow="31" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">13-viii-2012</th>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FEB748D2DD87FA59" box="[269,708,1493,1516]" gridcol="1" gridrow="31" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">South Rumford Road near No View Farm</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FD5848D2DC79FA59" box="[738,826,1493,1516]" gridcol="2" gridrow="31" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Oxford</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FCE248D2DC85FA59" box="[856,966,1493,1516]" gridcol="3" gridrow="31" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">44 28 56.45</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FC5E48D2DB21FA59" box="[996,1122,1493,1516]" gridcol="4" gridrow="31" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">70 38 16.23</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FB3A48D2DB89FA59" box="[1152,1226,1493,1516]" gridcol="5" gridrow="31" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">4</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FB5D48D2DA6CFA59" box="[1255,1327,1493,1516]" gridcol="6" gridrow="31" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">1</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="C1E534DD50586490FF3E48F6D831F9BD" box="[132,1906,1521,1544]" gridrow="32" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-10="1">
|
||||
<th id="82345DA150586490FF3E48F6DFB9F9BD" box="[132,250,1521,1544]" gridcol="0" gridrow="32" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">13-viii-2012</th>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FEB748F6DD87F9BD" box="[269,708,1521,1544]" gridcol="1" gridrow="32" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Wyman Hill Road, South Rumford</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FD5848F6DC79F9BD" box="[738,826,1521,1544]" gridcol="2" gridrow="32" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Oxford</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FCE248F6DC85F9BD" box="[856,966,1521,1544]" gridcol="3" gridrow="32" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">44 31 09.95</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FC5E48F6DB21F9BD" box="[996,1122,1521,1544]" gridcol="4" gridrow="32" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">70 31 40.24</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FB3A48F6DB89F9BD" box="[1152,1226,1521,1544]" gridcol="5" gridrow="32" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">4</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FB5D48F6DA6CF9BD" box="[1255,1327,1521,1544]" gridcol="6" gridrow="32" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">16</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FAF748F6DAD9F9BD" box="[1357,1434,1521,1544]" gridcol="7" gridrow="32" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">1</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FA0D48F6D941F9BD" box="[1463,1538,1521,1544]" gridcol="8" gridrow="32" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">1</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490F99A48F6D9F8F9BD" box="[1568,1723,1521,1544]" gridcol="9" gridrow="32" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">2</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="C1E534DD50586490FF3E4B09D831F990" box="[132,1906,1550,1573]" gridrow="33" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" rowspan-1="1" rowspan-2="1" rowspan-3="1" rowspan-4="1">
|
||||
<th id="82345DA150586490FF3E4B09DFB9F990" box="[132,250,1550,1573]" gridcol="0" gridrow="33" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">Total</th>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FB3A4B09DB89F990" box="[1152,1226,1550,1573]" gridcol="5" gridrow="33" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">103</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FB5D4B09DA6CF990" box="[1255,1327,1550,1573]" gridcol="6" gridrow="33" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">119</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FAF74B09DAD9F990" box="[1357,1434,1550,1573]" gridcol="7" gridrow="33" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">137</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490FA0D4B09D941F990" box="[1463,1538,1550,1573]" gridcol="8" gridrow="33" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">207</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490F99A4B09D9F8F990" box="[1568,1723,1550,1573]" gridcol="9" gridrow="33" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">5</td>
|
||||
<td id="82345DA150586490F9634B09D831F990" box="[1753,1906,1550,1573]" gridcol="10" gridrow="33" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">3</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7F6A369F50589B6AFFC44B34DE5DF9F2" blockId="5.[126,286,1587,1607]" box="[126,286,1587,1607]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6">
|
||||
<tableNote id="8233371150589B6AFFC44B34DE5DF9F2" box="[126,286,1587,1607]" pageId="5" pageNumber="6" targetBox="[132,1906,628,1573]" targetPageId="5">C: female; D: male.</tableNote>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="7F6A369F505B9B69FF154C02DFB3FC86" blockId="6.[135,776,198,819]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
Also, while surveying the Little Bluestem associated populations recorded in
|
||||
<tableCitation id="32570324505B9B69FE254C22DEADFE88" box="[415,494,293,317]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="5.[126,187,557,580]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="TABLE 1: Prosapia ignipectus collections in Maine, September 2003–August 2012. All specimens were swept from patches of Little Bluestem (Schizachyrium scoparium (Michx.)) growing on or near roadside verges." httpUri="http://table.plazi.org/id/2BAA661750589B6AFFC44F2ADE21FDD5" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" tableDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15398864" tableUuid="2BAA661750589B6AFFC44F2ADE21FDD5">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||||
, we collected four other spittlebug species, all of the family
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8D54D1C505B9B69FE494C43DDDAFEE9" box="[499,665,324,348]" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="family">Aphrophoridae</taxonomicName>
|
||||
:
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8D54D1C505B9B69FD1B4C43DFB0FECF" baseAuthorityName="Linne" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Philaenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spumarius">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4DA1EA8D505B9B69FD1B4C43DFB0FECF" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Philaenus spumarius</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8D54D1C505B9B69FE934C64DD4DFECE" baseAuthorityName="Linne" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[297,526,355,379]" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Neophilaenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lineatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4DA1EA8D505B9B69FE934C64DD4DFECE" box="[297,526,355,379]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Neophilaenus lineatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
(both introduced from Eurasia) and the native spittlebugs
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8D54D1C505B9B69FE434C84DC44FE2F" baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1825" box="[505,775,386,410]" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Lepyronia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrangularis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4DA1EA8D505B9B69FE434C84DC44FE2F" box="[505,775,386,410]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Lepyronia quadrangularis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
and
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8D54D1C505B9B69FF024CA6DE30FE0C" authorityName="Hamilton" authorityYear="1979" box="[184,371,417,441]" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Philaenarcys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="killa">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4DA1EA8D505B9B69FF024CA6DE30FE0C" box="[184,371,417,441]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Philaenarcys killa</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
. Only
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8D54D1C505B9B69FE784CA6DD3CFE0C" baseAuthorityName="Say" baseAuthorityYear="1825" box="[450,639,417,441]" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Lepyronia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="quadrangularis">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4DA1EA8D505B9B69FE784CA6DD3CFE0C" box="[450,639,417,441]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">L. quadrangularis</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
occurred in sizable numbers at multiple sites. It is clearly associated with Little Bluestem [
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="1B444B6E505B9B69FEFB4CE7DE18FE4D" author="V. Thompson" box="[321,347,480,504]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="189 - 200" refId="ref7169" refString="[17] V. Thompson, " Associative nitrogen fixation, C 4 photosynthesis, and the evolution of spittlebugs (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) as major pests of Neotropical sugarcane and forage grasses, " Bulletin of Entomological Research, vol. 94, no. 3, pp. 189-200, 2004." type="journal article" year="2004">17</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
] but has a much broader host range [
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="1B444B6E505B9B69FF344CF8DFE8FDA2" author="K. G. A. Hamilton" box="[142,171,511,535]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1740" refId="ref7120" refString="[16] K. G. A. Hamilton, " Spittlebugs of Canada, " in The Insects and Arachnids of Canada, vol. 10 of Part 10. Publication no. 1740, Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Canada, 1982." type="book chapter" year="1982">16</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
].
|
||||
<emphasis id="4DA1EA8D505B9B69FF044F07DE4FFDA2" box="[190,268,511,535]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8D54D1C505B9B69FF044F07DE44FDA2" authorityName="Hamilton" authorityYear="1979" box="[190,263,511,535]" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Philaenarcys" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="killa">P. killa</taxonomicName>
|
||||
,
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
in contrast, is a Little Bluestem specialist [
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="1B444B6E505B9B69FD5B4F07DDBEFDAD" author="V. Thompson" box="[737,765,512,536]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="189 - 200" refId="ref7169" refString="[17] V. Thompson, " Associative nitrogen fixation, C 4 photosynthesis, and the evolution of spittlebugs (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) as major pests of Neotropical sugarcane and forage grasses, " Bulletin of Entomological Research, vol. 94, no. 3, pp. 189-200, 2004." type="journal article" year="2004">17</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
]. In this study it cooccurred with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8D54D1C505B9B69FE554F27DD31FD82" box="[495,626,544,567]" class="Insecta" family="Cercopidae" genus="Prosapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ignipectus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4DA1EA8D505B9B69FE554F27DD31FD82" box="[495,626,544,567]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">P. ignipectus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
only in West Bethel, the westernmost
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="BD11F87D505B9B69FE1A4F38DEA7FDE2" box="[416,484,575,599]" country="United States of America" name="Maine" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">Maine</collectingRegion>
|
||||
site sampled. It cooccurs frequently with
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8D54D1C505B9B69FE8D4F58DEF8FDC3" box="[311,443,607,630]" class="Insecta" family="Cercopidae" genus="Prosapia" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="ignipectus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4DA1EA8D505B9B69FE8D4F58DEF8FDC3" box="[311,443,607,630]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">P. ignipectus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
on Little Bluestem in Central
|
||||
<collectingRegion id="BD11F87D505B9B69FF3D4F78DE78FD23" box="[135,315,638,662]" country="United States of America" name="New Hampshire" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">New Hampshire</collectingRegion>
|
||||
(VT observations).
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8D54D1C505B9B69FD924F78DDF7FD23" baseAuthorityName="Linne" baseAuthorityYear="1758" box="[552,692,639,662]" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Philaenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="spumarius">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4DA1EA8D505B9B69FD924F78DDF7FD23" box="[552,692,639,662]" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">P. spumarius</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
occurs primarily on broadleaved herbs [
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="1B444B6E505B9B69FE674F99DEBBFD03" author="K. G. A. Hamilton" box="[477,504,670,694]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="1740" refId="ref7120" refString="[16] K. G. A. Hamilton, " Spittlebugs of Canada, " in The Insects and Arachnids of Canada, vol. 10 of Part 10. Publication no. 1740, Research Branch, Agriculture Canada, Ottawa, Canada, 1982." type="book chapter" year="1982">16</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
] and was likely associated with herbaceous dicots mingled with Little Bluestem.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B8D54D1C505B9B69FD544FB9DF9BFD41" baseAuthorityName="Linne" baseAuthorityYear="1758" class="Insecta" family="Aphrophoridae" genus="Neophilaenus" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hemiptera" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="lineatus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="4DA1EA8D505B9B69FD544FB9DF9BFD41" italics="true" pageId="6" pageNumber="7">N. lineatus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
lives primarily on cool season C3 grasses [
|
||||
<bibRefCitation id="1B444B6E505B9B69FD0F4FDBDD8CFD41" author="V. Thompson" box="[693,719,732,756]" pageId="6" pageNumber="7" pagination="189 - 200" refId="ref7169" refString="[17] V. Thompson, " Associative nitrogen fixation, C 4 photosynthesis, and the evolution of spittlebugs (Hemiptera: Cercopidae) as major pests of Neotropical sugarcane and forage grasses, " Bulletin of Entomological Research, vol. 94, no. 3, pp. 189-200, 2004." type="journal article" year="2004">17</bibRefCitation>
|
||||
] and was likely associated with C3 grass species mingled with Little Bluestem.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
208
data/F8/02/CD/F802CD33FFB58D71EB53EC51FB25FBE6.xml
Normal file
208
data/F8/02/CD/F802CD33FFB58D71EB53EC51FB25FBE6.xml
Normal file
|
|
@ -0,0 +1,208 @@
|
|||
<document id="95D5CEC965D0447EA1A9D624EB8E56E2" ID-DOI="10.1155/2017/3156534" ID-ISSN="1687-7438" ID-PMC="PMC7745108" ID-PubMed="33487760" ID-Zenodo-Dep="15391490" IM.bibliography_approvedBy="carolina" IM.illustrations_approvedBy="carolina" IM.tables_approvedBy="carolina" IM.treatments_approvedBy="carolina" checkinTime="1747078726110" checkinUser="felipe" docAuthor="Souna, Djibril Aboubakar, Bokonon-Ganta, Aimé, Ravallec, Marc, Cusumano, Antonino, Pittendrigh, Barry Robert, Volkoff, Anne-Nathalie & Tamò, Manuele" docDate="2017" docId="F802CD33FFB58D71EB53EC51FB25FBE6" docLanguage="en" docName="Psyche.2017.3156534.pdf" docOrigin="Psyche: A Journal of Entomology (3156534) 2017" docSource="https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/3156534" docStyle="DocumentStyle:C7867117109CD9673064E01C7FB49DFB.1:Psyche.2009-.journal_article.affilindex" docStyleId="C7867117109CD9673064E01C7FB49DFB" docStyleName="Psyche.2009-.journal_article.affilindex" docStyleVersion="1" docTitle="Therophilus javanus" docType="treatment" docVersion="2" lastPageNumber="4" masterDocId="043BB54BFFB78D72E864EA1CFF82FF80" masterDocTitle="An Insight in the Reproductive Biology of Therophilus javanus (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, and Agathidinae), a Potential Biological Control Agent against the Legume Pod Borer (Lepidoptera, Crambidae)" masterLastPageNumber="8" masterPageNumber="1" pageNumber="3" updateTime="1747159625743" updateUser="carolina" zenodo-license-document="CC-BY-4.0">
|
||||
<mods:mods id="8E46E3EF6C385BF740E2BA377087009C" xmlns:mods="http://www.loc.gov/mods/v3">
|
||||
<mods:titleInfo id="656C9D406E0092E84B063D867DFA8125">
|
||||
<mods:title id="B1CD4E5C70E6F6F21733195AEF74A63E">An Insight in the Reproductive Biology of Therophilus javanus (Hymenoptera, Braconidae, and Agathidinae), a Potential Biological Control Agent against the Legume Pod Borer (Lepidoptera, Crambidae)</mods:title>
|
||||
</mods:titleInfo>
|
||||
<mods:name id="B693E39C0A79D9517638D6ADF2DD89F9" type="personal">
|
||||
<mods:role id="00903D58C82586A27DC15ED099B69382">
|
||||
<mods:roleTerm id="1E757325C96C7803BCE1D0AD77C68FC6">Author</mods:roleTerm>
|
||||
</mods:role>
|
||||
<mods:namePart id="C7D3ED96D6B58EE8EC6669129AA30304">Souna, Djibril Aboubakar</mods:namePart>
|
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<mods:affiliation id="30DA6F1FFD99CA368DA93EC138B356EB">UMR DGIMI 1333 INRA, UM, Case Courrier 101, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34 095 Montpellier, France & International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Benin Research Station (IITA-Benin), 08 BP 0932 Cotonou, Benin & Facult´e des Sciences Agronomiques (FSA), Universit´e d’Abomey Calavi, 01 BP 526 Cotonou, Benin</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:affiliation id="FBD35FC8361CE7099E94E9388A2703E5">Facult´e des Sciences Agronomiques (FSA), Universit´e d’Abomey Calavi, 01 BP 526 Cotonou, Benin</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="C2362ACEC61AA0C30B281D189D90B92A">Ravallec, Marc</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="AB884094904E640435343F83C2C9E4B9">UMR DGIMI 1333 INRA, UM, Case Courrier 101, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34 095 Montpellier, France</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="7A9516DEF2BB8FC313818E94B9DA37B9">Cusumano, Antonino</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="D56861334AC7049AF53C4E563A1E66BE">Department of Plant Sciences, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, Netherlands</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="22F5F058955CD292CDD43494DC4E4160">Pittendrigh, Barry Robert</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="C2760F52FA8E2634E5ECB615ACC6D9D1">Department of Entomology, Michigan State University (MSU), East Lansing, MI, USA</mods:affiliation>
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</mods:role>
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<mods:namePart id="49497BC323CC0FCC4DA4D2C1F7FB3157">Volkoff, Anne-Nathalie</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="A080C6F86D155458E09C83FA960B1A85">UMR DGIMI 1333 INRA, UM, Case Courrier 101, Place Eugène Bataillon, 34 095 Montpellier, France</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:namePart id="CEC0FF72A66184CB73559B63342236CD">Tamò, Manuele</mods:namePart>
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<mods:affiliation id="75AC073CC8528BF12AF1E6C94D73789C">International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Benin Research Station (IITA-Benin), 08 BP 0932 Cotonou, Benin</mods:affiliation>
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<mods:typeOfResource id="CA71AC2483DBE31500B64747BE8D6105">text</mods:typeOfResource>
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<mods:title id="4297953230DE32D8AE31F13D80B5528A">Psyche: A Journal of Entomology</mods:title>
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</mods:titleInfo>
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<mods:part id="19C2880B6040D9F314484D5F60ABC08D">
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<mods:date id="EABB65F0FC86EAE7C1AD80B91DBC8529">2017</mods:date>
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<mods:title id="B64F203E9FF3A39A73BC1D8DFA226577">3156534</mods:title>
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<mods:detail id="E71F4D4D8F5F4545448AC0122858A5C8" type="pubDate">
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<mods:number id="3BD62FF24E290DF8251103B44B61DF5B">2017-09-28</mods:number>
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<mods:detail id="819BC7B212FA3BB69D9E74C851451111" type="volume">
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<mods:number id="22F25560A1A54B5B79BE5AF45F08DE80">2017</mods:number>
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<mods:extent id="468A051EF9FFE69089673D0477A52DBC" unit="page">
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<mods:start id="607E86DB54B975FF39B7D562B2746650">1</mods:start>
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<mods:end id="062FF32A7370AD8F6E20913BDFDA1019">8</mods:end>
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<mods:url id="58784FFB7FC2D82112033375FBB41A1A">https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/3156534</mods:url>
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<mods:classification id="503D1009E8F469E24BA418218580C7F9">journal article</mods:classification>
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<mods:identifier id="381ECBA0B506CA5C88F0F14C39296457" type="DOI">10.1155/2017/3156534</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="4591B76236D4314CCD39F1A86C57E2CE" type="ISSN">1687-7438</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="DFB5764C981DB3810F401D082355ACD0" type="PMC">PMC7745108</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="AAF9E6D50B6FD98AFC46C747B2AEE411" type="PubMed">33487760</mods:identifier>
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<mods:identifier id="4DAD7C7EF80A16FD86D4CEE512DFC47C" type="Zenodo-Dep">15391490</mods:identifier>
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</mods:mods>
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<treatment id="F802CD33FFB58D71EB53EC51FB25FBE6" LSID="urn:lsid:plazi:treatment:F802CD33FFB58D71EB53EC51FB25FBE6" httpUri="http://treatment.plazi.org/id/F802CD33FFB58D71EB53EC51FB25FBE6" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
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<subSubSection id="38B12FAEFFB58D70EB53EC51FC58F903" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="nomenclature">
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<paragraph id="70147C25FFB58D70EB53EC51FC58F903" blockId="2.[823,1464,1613,1789]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42DFA037FFB58D70EB53EC51FC58F903" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||||
3.1. General Morphology of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B7AB07A6FFB58D70EC2BEC51FA9CF9E5" box="[1103,1310,1613,1637]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Therophilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="javanus">Therophilus javanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Female Reproductive System.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
<subSubSection id="38B12FAEFFB58D71EB82EC77FB25FBE6" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" type="description">
|
||||
<paragraph id="70147C25FFB58D70EB82EC77FB2BF97D" blockId="2.[823,1464,1613,1789]" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||||
The
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B7AB07A6FFB58D70EC73EC70FB07F903" box="[1047,1157,1644,1667]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Therophilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="2" pageNumber="3" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="javanus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42DFA037FFB58D70EC73EC70FB07F903" box="[1047,1157,1644,1667]" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">T. javanus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
female reproductive system consisted of a pair of globular-shaped ovaries housing several ovarioles, a spermatheca, a Dufour’s gland, a venom gland, composed of a venom duct and two venom gland filaments, and the wasp ovipositor (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E89060A0FFB58D70EC25ECF8FB1EF97D" box="[1089,1180,1764,1789]" captionStart="FIGURE 2" captionStartId="2.[823,894,1033,1054]" captionTargetBox="[915,1368,723,1007]" captionTargetId="figure-771@2.[915,1188,817,912]" captionTargetPageId="2" captionText="FIGURE 2: General morphology of Therophilus javanus female reproductive system, showing the two ovaries (Ov), the venom gland composed by two filaments (Fvg), Dufour’s gland (Dg), the ovipositor (Op), and the two ovipositor sheaths (Ops). Bar 1 mm." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15391494" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15391494/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figure 2</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="70147C25FFB58D71EB53ED35FC81FC76" blockId="2.[823,1464,1833,1980]" lastBlockId="3.[135,776,868,1014]" lastPageId="3" lastPageNumber="4" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42DFA037FFB58D70EB53ED35FC0BF8DF" italics="true" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">3.2. Impact of Host Quality on the Number of Ovarioles per Female.</emphasis>
|
||||
The mean number of ovarioles per female was found to be significantly influenced by host age at the moment of oviposition (GLM: 𝜒
|
||||
<superScript id="87DED16DFFB58D70EC77ED9CFB9EF811" attach="left" box="[1043,1052,1920,1937]" fontSize="7" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">2</superScript>
|
||||
= 3.6358, df =2, 𝑝<0.05) (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E89060A0FFB58D70ED2BED9AFA28F81E" box="[1359,1450,1926,1950]" captionStart="FIGURE 3" captionStartId="3.[135,206,678,699]" captionTargetBox="[160,749,196,549]" captionTargetId="graphics-3@3.[220,750,205,491]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="FIGURE 3: Variation of number of ovarioles in Therophilus javanus female (𝑛 = 31) depending on the host caterpillar age at time of parasitism (two-day-old caterpillars, three-day-old caterpillars, and four-day-old caterpillars)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15391496" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15391496/files/figure.png" pageId="2" pageNumber="3">Figure 3</figureCitation>
|
||||
). In general, the number of ovarioles varied between the three females categories and was increased as the host caterpillar increased in size at the moment of oviposition. The average count in one-day-old females emerging from L1 two days old, L1 three days old, and L2 four days old is 38.36 ± 4.42 (𝑛=31); 38.16 ± 3.20 (𝑛=31); and 40.87 ± 3.15 (𝑛=31), respectively.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="24D42CADFFB48D71EB53EADAFB5FFE94" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" startId="3.[823,884,198,219]" targetBox="[828,1458,304,427]" targetIsTable="true" targetPageId="3" targetType="table">
|
||||
<paragraph id="70147C25FFB48D71EB53EADAFB5FFE94" blockId="3.[823,1463,198,276]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
TABLE 1: Egg (immature + mature eggs) number (mean number ± SD) in female
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B7AB07A6FFB48D71EBDEEAFEFBF6FF77" box="[954,1140,226,247]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Therophilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="javanus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42DFA037FFB48D71EBDEEAFEFBF6FF77" box="[954,1140,226,247]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Therophilus javanus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
after emergence. Caterpillars were three days old at the moment of oviposition.
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="70147C25FFB48D71EC18EB2CFA0FFE1E" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
<table id="02AB8E85FFB4728DEB58EB2CFA30FE2B" box="[828,1458,304,427]" gridcols="3" gridrows="4" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
<tr id="CE9B7E67FFB4728DEB58EB2CFA30FEC6" box="[828,1458,304,326]" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
<th id="8D4A171BFFB4728DEB58EB2CFA30FEC6" box="[828,1458,304,326]" colspan="3" colspanRight="2" gridcol="0" gridrow="0" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Number of eggs</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="CE9B7E67FFB4728DEB58EB4EFA30FEE8" box="[828,1458,338,360]" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" rowspan-0="1">
|
||||
<td id="8D4A171BFFB4728DEBBDEB4EFB18FEE8" box="[985,1178,338,360]" gridcol="1" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">12 h after emergence</td>
|
||||
<td id="8D4A171BFFB4728DEC8AEB4EFA30FEE8" box="[1262,1458,338,360]" gridcol="2" gridrow="1" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">72 h after emergence</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="CE9B7E67FFB4728DEB58EB73FA30FE0A" box="[828,1458,367,394]" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
<th id="8D4A171BFFB4728DEB58EB73FC0DFE0A" box="[828,911,367,394]" gridcol="0" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Ovariole</th>
|
||||
<td id="8D4A171BFFB4728DEBBDEB73FB18FE0A" box="[985,1178,367,394]" gridcol="1" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">0.9±1.2b</td>
|
||||
<td id="8D4A171BFFB4728DEC8AEB73FA30FE0A" box="[1262,1458,367,394]" gridcol="2" gridrow="2" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">11.2±2.7a</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr id="CE9B7E67FFB4728DEB58EB8CFA30FE2B" box="[828,1458,400,427]" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
<th id="8D4A171BFFB4728DEB58EB8CFC0DFE2B" box="[828,911,400,427]" gridcol="0" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Female</th>
|
||||
<td id="8D4A171BFFB4728DEBBDEB8CFB18FE2B" box="[985,1178,400,427]" gridcol="1" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">30.7±31.2b</td>
|
||||
<td id="8D4A171BFFB4728DEC8AEB8CFA30FE2B" box="[1262,1458,400,427]" gridcol="2" gridrow="3" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">407.7±45.7a</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</table>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="70147C25FFB48D71EB53EBA6FBCDFD17" blockId="3.[823,1464,441,663]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
<tableNote id="8D4D7DABFFB48D71EB53EBA6FBCDFD17" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" targetBox="[828,1458,304,427]" targetPageId="3">Mean number of eggs (immature eggs + mature eggs) per ovariole and per female at 12 and 72 h after adult emergence. Eggs that were attached by nurse cells were recorded as immature eggs (black solid color in Figure 1), and well-formed eggs who displayed an ovoid form and had a slender tapering stalk at their posterior end were recorded as mature eggs (black striped color in Figure 1). Means followed by different letters between columns are significantly different between females at 12 h (𝑛=20) and 72 h (𝑛=12) after adult emergence only according to GLM with “quasi-Poisson distribution” and log-link function (𝑝<0.05).</tableNote>
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<caption id="24D42CADFFB48D71E8E3E8BAFEFCFC90" ID-DOI="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15391496" ID-Zenodo-Dep="15391496" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15391496/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" startId="3.[135,206,678,699]" targetBox="[160,749,196,549]" targetPageId="3" targetType="figure">
|
||||
<paragraph id="70147C25FFB48D71E8E3E8BAFEFCFC90" blockId="3.[135,775,678,784]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
FIGURE 3: Variation of number of ovarioles in
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B7AB07A6FFB48D71EA2EE8BAFC85FD3C" box="[586,775,678,700]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Therophilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="javanus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42DFA037FFB48D71EA2EE8BAFC85FD3C" box="[586,775,678,700]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Therophilus javanus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
female (𝑛 = 31) depending on the host caterpillar age at time of parasitism (two-day-old caterpillars, three-day-old caterpillars, and four-day-old caterpillars).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</caption>
|
||||
<paragraph id="70147C25FFB48D71E8E3EE3BFD82F95A" blockId="3.[135,776,1062,1754]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42DFA037FFB48D71E8E3EE3BFF5AFBDD" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
3.3. Egg Development within the Ovariole.
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B7AB07A6FFB48D71EAEAEE3AFF5AFBDD" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Therophilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="javanus">Therophilus javanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
ovarioles belong to the polytrophic meroistic
|
||||
<typeStatus id="AF10C287FFB48D71EAB0EE59FC86FBDD" box="[724,772,1093,1117]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">type</typeStatus>
|
||||
. Egg development occurred anteriorly to posteriorly along the ovariole, with two distinctly recognizable regions: the germarium and the vitellarium. The germarium contained a number of spherical cells observed as either free or clustered (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E89060A0FFB48D71E8EAEEC0FF68FB75" box="[142,234,1244,1269]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="4.[135,206,1364,1385]" captionTargetBox="[435,1163,196,1335]" captionTargetId="figure-22@4.[439,1157,569,846]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4: Oogenesis and ovarioles organization in Therophilus javanus. (a) View of the anterior region of T. javanus ovariole (germarium), indicating cell nuclei that increase in size along the germarium. Bar 20 𝜇m. (b) Individual follicle taken out from a T. javanus ovariole. The picture shows the disposition ofthe nurse cells (Nc)at the topof the oocyte(Oo). Thenuclei of follicularcells (Fc) from the sheath surrounding the follicle can also be observed. Bar 50 𝜇m. (c) Basal part of the ovariole of T. javanus. Follicles are in increasing development stages along the vitellarium (from A to B). On the left of the picture, follicles display small oocytes and trophocytes with a large nucleus. On the right, oocytes have increased in size thanks to progression of vitellogenesis.Note the network of actin fibers(ingreen) surroundingthe egg chamber. Nurse cells (Nc); oocyte (Oo). Bar 50 𝜇m. (d) Organization of the ovarioles and follicles within T. javanus ovaries: cross-sections of an ovary containing 15 ovarioles. The ovary is enveloped by the ovarian epithelial sheath (Ov sht) and each ovariole is surrounded by an epithelial sheath (Ovl sht). In the section, oocytes are in different stages within and between ovarioles. Some eggs with a chorion can be observed (shown by arrows). Semithin section stained with methylene blue. Bar 50 𝜇m. (e) The mature egg of T. javanus. The egg has an ovoid shape and a slender tapering stalk at its posterior end. Bar 50 𝜇m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15391498" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15391498/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
(a)). Cell nuclei size increased as they progressed along the germarium. The vitellarium is the posterior region of the ovariole, where egg chambers (follicles) are formed and grown. In
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B7AB07A6FFB48D71E9EBEF24FD82FACF" box="[399,512,1336,1359]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Therophilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="javanus">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42DFA037FFB48D71E9EBEF24FD82FACF" box="[399,512,1336,1359]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">T. javanus</emphasis>
|
||||
</taxonomicName>
|
||||
vitellarium, nurse cells were disposed at the top of the oocyte, all being surrounded by a sheath composed of follicular cells (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E89060A0FFB48D71EA1AEF68FD58FA0C" box="[638,730,1396,1420]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="4.[135,206,1364,1385]" captionTargetBox="[435,1163,196,1335]" captionTargetId="figure-22@4.[439,1157,569,846]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4: Oogenesis and ovarioles organization in Therophilus javanus. (a) View of the anterior region of T. javanus ovariole (germarium), indicating cell nuclei that increase in size along the germarium. Bar 20 𝜇m. (b) Individual follicle taken out from a T. javanus ovariole. The picture shows the disposition ofthe nurse cells (Nc)at the topof the oocyte(Oo). Thenuclei of follicularcells (Fc) from the sheath surrounding the follicle can also be observed. Bar 50 𝜇m. (c) Basal part of the ovariole of T. javanus. Follicles are in increasing development stages along the vitellarium (from A to B). On the left of the picture, follicles display small oocytes and trophocytes with a large nucleus. On the right, oocytes have increased in size thanks to progression of vitellogenesis.Note the network of actin fibers(ingreen) surroundingthe egg chamber. Nurse cells (Nc); oocyte (Oo). Bar 50 𝜇m. (d) Organization of the ovarioles and follicles within T. javanus ovaries: cross-sections of an ovary containing 15 ovarioles. The ovary is enveloped by the ovarian epithelial sheath (Ov sht) and each ovariole is surrounded by an epithelial sheath (Ovl sht). In the section, oocytes are in different stages within and between ovarioles. Some eggs with a chorion can be observed (shown by arrows). Semithin section stained with methylene blue. Bar 50 𝜇m. (e) The mature egg of T. javanus. The egg has an ovoid shape and a slender tapering stalk at its posterior end. Bar 50 𝜇m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15391498" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15391498/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
(b)). During progression of the follicles from the anterior to the posterior part of the vitellarium, vitellogenesis takes place and the size of the oocyte increases (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E89060A0FFB48D71EA00EFD3FD42FA67" box="[612,704,1487,1511]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="4.[135,206,1364,1385]" captionTargetBox="[435,1163,196,1335]" captionTargetId="figure-22@4.[439,1157,569,846]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4: Oogenesis and ovarioles organization in Therophilus javanus. (a) View of the anterior region of T. javanus ovariole (germarium), indicating cell nuclei that increase in size along the germarium. Bar 20 𝜇m. (b) Individual follicle taken out from a T. javanus ovariole. The picture shows the disposition ofthe nurse cells (Nc)at the topof the oocyte(Oo). Thenuclei of follicularcells (Fc) from the sheath surrounding the follicle can also be observed. Bar 50 𝜇m. (c) Basal part of the ovariole of T. javanus. Follicles are in increasing development stages along the vitellarium (from A to B). On the left of the picture, follicles display small oocytes and trophocytes with a large nucleus. On the right, oocytes have increased in size thanks to progression of vitellogenesis.Note the network of actin fibers(ingreen) surroundingthe egg chamber. Nurse cells (Nc); oocyte (Oo). Bar 50 𝜇m. (d) Organization of the ovarioles and follicles within T. javanus ovaries: cross-sections of an ovary containing 15 ovarioles. The ovary is enveloped by the ovarian epithelial sheath (Ov sht) and each ovariole is surrounded by an epithelial sheath (Ovl sht). In the section, oocytes are in different stages within and between ovarioles. Some eggs with a chorion can be observed (shown by arrows). Semithin section stained with methylene blue. Bar 50 𝜇m. (e) The mature egg of T. javanus. The egg has an ovoid shape and a slender tapering stalk at its posterior end. Bar 50 𝜇m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15391498" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15391498/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
(c)). A cross-section of the entire ovary shows that egg chambers were in different maturation stages within and between ovarioles (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E89060A0FFB48D71E899EC36FEDBF9C2" box="[253,345,1578,1602]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="4.[135,206,1364,1385]" captionTargetBox="[435,1163,196,1335]" captionTargetId="figure-22@4.[439,1157,569,846]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4: Oogenesis and ovarioles organization in Therophilus javanus. (a) View of the anterior region of T. javanus ovariole (germarium), indicating cell nuclei that increase in size along the germarium. Bar 20 𝜇m. (b) Individual follicle taken out from a T. javanus ovariole. The picture shows the disposition ofthe nurse cells (Nc)at the topof the oocyte(Oo). Thenuclei of follicularcells (Fc) from the sheath surrounding the follicle can also be observed. Bar 50 𝜇m. (c) Basal part of the ovariole of T. javanus. Follicles are in increasing development stages along the vitellarium (from A to B). On the left of the picture, follicles display small oocytes and trophocytes with a large nucleus. On the right, oocytes have increased in size thanks to progression of vitellogenesis.Note the network of actin fibers(ingreen) surroundingthe egg chamber. Nurse cells (Nc); oocyte (Oo). Bar 50 𝜇m. (d) Organization of the ovarioles and follicles within T. javanus ovaries: cross-sections of an ovary containing 15 ovarioles. The ovary is enveloped by the ovarian epithelial sheath (Ov sht) and each ovariole is surrounded by an epithelial sheath (Ovl sht). In the section, oocytes are in different stages within and between ovarioles. Some eggs with a chorion can be observed (shown by arrows). Semithin section stained with methylene blue. Bar 50 𝜇m. (e) The mature egg of T. javanus. The egg has an ovoid shape and a slender tapering stalk at its posterior end. Bar 50 𝜇m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15391498" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15391498/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
(d)). Well-differentiated oocytes (with chorion) displayed an ovoid shaped form and had a slender tapering stalk at their posterior end. Mature eggs measured 160.9 ± 6.9 𝜇m (𝑛=20) in length with widths ranging from 25.3 ± 2.6 𝜇m (𝑛=20) (anterior pole) to 9.4 ± 1.3 𝜇m (𝑛=20) (posterior/basal pole) (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E89060A0FFB48D71E91DECDDFE57F95A" box="[377,469,1729,1754]" captionStart="FIGURE 4" captionStartId="4.[135,206,1364,1385]" captionTargetBox="[435,1163,196,1335]" captionTargetId="figure-22@4.[439,1157,569,846]" captionTargetPageId="4" captionText="FIGURE 4: Oogenesis and ovarioles organization in Therophilus javanus. (a) View of the anterior region of T. javanus ovariole (germarium), indicating cell nuclei that increase in size along the germarium. Bar 20 𝜇m. (b) Individual follicle taken out from a T. javanus ovariole. The picture shows the disposition ofthe nurse cells (Nc)at the topof the oocyte(Oo). Thenuclei of follicularcells (Fc) from the sheath surrounding the follicle can also be observed. Bar 50 𝜇m. (c) Basal part of the ovariole of T. javanus. Follicles are in increasing development stages along the vitellarium (from A to B). On the left of the picture, follicles display small oocytes and trophocytes with a large nucleus. On the right, oocytes have increased in size thanks to progression of vitellogenesis.Note the network of actin fibers(ingreen) surroundingthe egg chamber. Nurse cells (Nc); oocyte (Oo). Bar 50 𝜇m. (d) Organization of the ovarioles and follicles within T. javanus ovaries: cross-sections of an ovary containing 15 ovarioles. The ovary is enveloped by the ovarian epithelial sheath (Ov sht) and each ovariole is surrounded by an epithelial sheath (Ovl sht). In the section, oocytes are in different stages within and between ovarioles. Some eggs with a chorion can be observed (shown by arrows). Semithin section stained with methylene blue. Bar 50 𝜇m. (e) The mature egg of T. javanus. The egg has an ovoid shape and a slender tapering stalk at its posterior end. Bar 50 𝜇m." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15391498" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15391498/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figure 4</figureCitation>
|
||||
(e)).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="70147C25FFB48D71E8E3ED16FBF4FCE8" blockId="3.[135,776,1802,1981]" lastBlockId="3.[823,1464,723,872]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42DFA037FFB48D71E8E3ED16FC8AF8A2" box="[135,776,1802,1826]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
3.4. Impact of
|
||||
<taxonomicName id="B7AB07A6FFB48D71E97BED17FE09F8A2" box="[287,395,1803,1826]" class="Insecta" family="Braconidae" genus="Therophilus" higherTaxonomySource="GBIF" kingdom="Animalia" order="Hymenoptera" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" phylum="Arthropoda" rank="species" species="javanus">T. javanus</taxonomicName>
|
||||
Female Age on the Number of Eggs.
|
||||
</emphasis>
|
||||
The number of eggs (both immature and mature) per female ranged from 1 to 88 and from
|
||||
<quantity id="B753D1C0FFB48D71E9ADED5BFDD7F8DF" box="[457,597,1863,1887]" metricMagnitude="1" metricUnit="m" metricValue="1.04775" metricValueMax="1.20904" metricValueMin="0.8864599999999999" pageId="3" pageNumber="4" unit="in" value="412.5" valueMax="476.0" valueMin="349.0">349 to 476 in</quantity>
|
||||
12-hour-old and 72-hour-old females, respectively. The overall mean number per female increased with the female age (GLM: 𝜒
|
||||
<superScript id="87DED16DFFB48D71EAFCED9CFD23F811" attach="left" box="[664,673,1920,1937]" fontSize="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">2</superScript>
|
||||
= 6481.2, df = 1, 𝑝 <0.001). The number of eggs ranged from 0 to 6 and from 3 to 21 per ovariole, 12 hours and 72 hours after female emergence, respectively (
|
||||
<tableCitation id="3D29499EFFB48D71ECA8E8EEFA9BFC8A" box="[1228,1305,754,778]" captionStart="TABLE 1" captionStartId="3.[823,884,198,219]" captionTargetPageId="3" captionText="TABLE 1: Egg (immature + mature eggs) number (mean number ± SD) in female Therophilusjavanus after emergence.Caterpillars were three days old at the moment of oviposition." pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Table 1</tableCitation>
|
||||
). As expected, the number of eggs per female was found to be significantly influenced by the total number of ovariole per female (GLM: 𝜒
|
||||
<superScript id="87DED16DFFB48D71EB22E955FCCDFCDA" attach="left" box="[838,847,841,858]" fontSize="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">2</superScript>
|
||||
= 233.4, df =1, 𝑝<0.001).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
<paragraph id="70147C25FFB48D71EB53E98FFB25FBE6" blockId="3.[823,1464,915,1127]" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">
|
||||
<emphasis id="42DFA037FFB48D71EB53E98FFA3AFC2B" box="[823,1464,915,939]" italics="true" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">3.5. Impact of Host and Female Wasp Age on the Egg Load.</emphasis>
|
||||
Overall, the mean number of mature eggs per female was found to be significantly influenced by host age (GLM: 𝜒
|
||||
<superScript id="87DED16DFFB48D71EDC9E9D0FA34FC5D" attach="none" box="[1453,1462,972,989]" fontSize="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">2</superScript>
|
||||
= 44.4, df = 1, 𝑝 <0.001) and parasitoid female age (GLM: 𝜒
|
||||
<superScript id="87DED16DFFB48D71EB22EE10FCCDFB9D" attach="left" box="[838,847,1036,1053]" fontSize="7" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">2</superScript>
|
||||
= 16600.9, df = 4, 𝑝<0.001). Females that emerged from four-day-old host caterpillar at oviposition had a higher mean number of mature eggs. (
|
||||
<figureCitation id="E89060A0FFB48D71EC24EE52FB18FBE6" box="[1088,1178,1102,1126]" captionStart="FIGURE 5" captionStartId="5.[135,206,689,710]" captionTargetBox="[154,754,195,598]" captionTargetId="graphics-3@5.[225,755,204,537]" captionTargetPageId="5" captionText="FIGURE 5: Effect of host age (at oviposition) and female age on the mature egg (individual egg chambers located in the vitellarium who displayed an ovoid form and had a slender tapering stalk at their posterior end (in black striped color in Figure 1)) load in Therophilus javanus. Caterpillars were two and four days old at the moment of oviposition. Error bars represent the standard errors of the means (𝑛=30). Means that were significantly different between two- and four-day-old hosts only according to GLM and Tukey HSD test are indicated by asterisks (∗∗𝑝 <0.01; ∗∗∗𝑝 <0.001; ns:nonsignificant)." figureDoi="http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15391500" httpUri="https://zenodo.org/record/15391500/files/figure.png" pageId="3" pageNumber="4">Figure 5</figureCitation>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</paragraph>
|
||||
</subSubSection>
|
||||
</treatment>
|
||||
</document>
|
||||
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